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+1
+00:00:04,930 --> 00:00:07,990
+أعوذ بالله السميع العليم من الشيطان الرجيم بسم
+
+2
+00:00:07,990 --> 00:00:11,850
+الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على
+
+3
+00:00:11,850 --> 00:00:16,750
+رسول الله دائما و أبدا نعتر مجالسنا بالصلاة على
+
+4
+00:00:16,750 --> 00:00:22,590
+الحبيب محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم قبل ذي بدء أرحب بكم
+
+5
+00:00:22,590 --> 00:00:28,130
+جميعا في محاضرة جديدة عزاء الطلاب وأحييكم بتحية
+
+6
+00:00:28,130 --> 00:00:32,950
+الإسلام العظيم فالسلام الله عليكم ورحمته وبركتهفي
+
+7
+00:00:32,950 --> 00:00:39,470
+هذه المحاضرة الأخيرة والحديث ما زال عن الفصل
+
+8
+00:00:39,470 --> 00:00:45,290
+السادس النظام السياسي في الإسلام المبحث الثاني
+
+9
+00:00:45,290 --> 00:00:51,040
+قواعد النظام السياسي في الإسلام وهي أربعةوقد سبق
+
+10
+00:00:51,040 --> 00:00:56,980
+الحديث عن الحاكمية لله وجئنا بالادلة على ذلك
+
+11
+00:00:56,980 --> 00:01:03,740
+واليوم ان شاء الله نختم هذا الفصلة والاخير بالحديث
+
+12
+00:01:03,740 --> 00:01:08,760
+عن القواعد الثلاثة الباقية وهي اولا العدل
+
+13
+00:01:08,760 --> 00:01:15,970
+والمساواةو ثانيا الشورة و ثالثا الطاعة و كل عام و
+
+14
+00:01:15,970 --> 00:01:21,890
+أنتم بألف خير سائلين المولى عز وجل لكم النجاحة و
+
+15
+00:01:21,890 --> 00:01:26,710
+التوفيق بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم أولا العدل و
+
+16
+00:01:26,710 --> 00:01:33,750
+المسواء و نظرة الإسلام إلى الناس فالناس في الإسلام
+
+17
+00:01:33,750 --> 00:01:41,740
+سواسية كأسنان المشترلا فرق بين أبيض وأسود أو أحمر
+
+18
+00:01:41,740 --> 00:01:50,760
+وأصفر ولا فرق بين عربي و أعجمي لأن شعار هذه الأمة
+
+19
+00:01:50,760 --> 00:01:56,200
+الخالد إن أكرمكم عند الله أتقاكم حتى وإن كان أقل
+
+20
+00:01:56,200 --> 00:02:04,060
+مالا أو أقل جمالا أو أقل حسبا ونسبا وقبل الولوج في
+
+21
+00:02:04,060 --> 00:02:10,260
+الكتابوالاستدلال بأدلة الكتاب نستشهد بأحاديث من
+
+22
+00:02:10,260 --> 00:02:15,180
+خارج الكتاب وفي باب الزواج مثلا يقول صلى الله عليه
+
+23
+00:02:15,180 --> 00:02:21,000
+وسلم إذا جاءكم يخاطب أولياء الأمور من ترضون دينه
+
+24
+00:02:21,000 --> 00:02:28,220
+وخلقه فزوجوه إلا تفعلوا تكن في الأرض فتنة وفساد
+
+25
+00:02:28,220 --> 00:02:34,720
+كبير أو قالوا فساد عريض انظرإلى الميزان الذي يوزن
+
+26
+00:02:34,720 --> 00:02:39,480
+به الناس فالناس في الإسلام لا يتفاضلون بمال ولا
+
+27
+00:02:39,480 --> 00:02:45,620
+جمال ولا حسب ولا نسب إنما يتفاضلون بالدين والخلق
+
+28
+00:02:45,620 --> 00:02:50,980
+هكذا قال المعصوم الذي لا ينطق عن الهوى محمد بن عبد
+
+29
+00:02:50,980 --> 00:02:55,620
+الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يخاطب أولياء الأمور إذا
+
+30
+00:02:55,620 --> 00:03:03,030
+جاءكمأو قال في رواية إذا أتاكم من ترضون دينه وخلقه
+
+31
+00:03:03,030 --> 00:03:10,140
+فثوجوه نعموهكذا في الزوجة يقول صلى الله عليه وسلم
+
+32
+00:03:10,140 --> 00:03:17,500
+تنكح المرأة لأربع لمالها وجمالها وحسبها ودينها ثم
+
+33
+00:03:17,500 --> 00:03:21,760
+يوصي عليه الصلاة والسلام هذا الجيل باختيار الزوجة
+
+34
+00:03:21,760 --> 00:03:29,440
+الصالحة فاضفر بذات الدين تربط يدك نعم ويقول عليه
+
+35
+00:03:29,440 --> 00:03:35,540
+الصلاة والسلامالدنيا متاع وخير متاعها المرأة
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+36
+00:03:35,540 --> 00:03:43,660
+الصالحة هكذا ينظر الإسلام إلى الناسنعود إلى أدلة
+
+37
+00:03:43,660 --> 00:03:50,420
+الكتاب من القرآن والسنة وعمل الصحابة أما من القرآن
+
+38
+00:03:50,420 --> 00:03:55,080
+فقول الله تبارك وتعالى في صورة الحجرات التي مرت
+
+39
+00:03:55,080 --> 00:04:01,740
+معنا في أكثر من موضع من المساق يا أيها الناس إننا
+
+40
+00:04:01,740 --> 00:04:07,870
+خلقناكم من ذكر وأنسةرأيتم كيف أن الخطابة إلى كل
+
+41
+00:04:07,870 --> 00:04:15,410
+النا�� من عرب و من عجم من أبيض و من أسود إلى أبي
+
+42
+00:04:15,410 --> 00:04:22,600
+بكر العربي و إلى سلمان الفارسيوإلى صهيب الرومي
+
+43
+00:04:22,600 --> 00:04:29,320
+وإلى بلال الحبشي كلهم تحت راية واحدة إنها راية
+
+44
+00:04:29,320 --> 00:04:34,940
+التوحيد راية لا إله إلا الله وشعارهم الخالد في
+
+45
+00:04:34,940 --> 00:04:39,560
+صورة الحجرات إن أكرمكم عند الله أدخاكم يا أيها
+
+46
+00:04:39,560 --> 00:04:44,980
+الناس خطاب إلى كل الناس إن خلقناكم من ذكر وأنثى من
+
+47
+00:04:44,980 --> 00:04:51,100
+آدم وحواء وكلكم لآدم وآدم من ترابو جعلناكم شعوبا و
+
+48
+00:04:51,100 --> 00:04:59,000
+قبائلا لتعارفوا اللام هنا تعليلية بمعنى كي
+
+49
+00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:07,600
+تتعارفوا ليس من أجل المفاخرة أو من أجل المباهاة أو
+
+50
+00:05:07,600 --> 00:05:13,300
+من أجل التعالي على الآخرين لأنهم أقلوا مالا أو
+
+51
+00:05:13,300 --> 00:05:19,850
+أقلوا حسبا و نسبا إن أكرمكم عند الله أتقاكمإن الله
+
+52
+00:05:19,850 --> 00:05:25,170
+عليم خبير صدق الله العظيم ويقول الله تبارك وتعالى
+
+53
+00:05:25,170 --> 00:05:31,650
+في صدر صورة النساء أيضا الخطاب إلى كل الناس حتى
+
+54
+00:05:31,650 --> 00:05:37,370
+الكافرين لأن كلمة الناس تشمل الكافرين من اليهود
+
+55
+00:05:37,370 --> 00:05:44,610
+والنصارى حتى المجوزوسيأتي معنى عنوان مهم جدا وهو
+
+56
+00:05:44,610 --> 00:05:50,130
+أن العدل في الإسلام لا يتأثر بالهوى حتى و لو كان
+
+57
+00:05:50,130 --> 00:05:57,690
+خصم المسلم يهوديا او نصرانيا او مشركا مجوسيا
+
+58
+00:05:57,690 --> 00:06:06,460
+وسنأتي الى الآيات آية 135 من صورة النساءيا أيها
+
+59
+00:06:06,460 --> 00:06:11,160
+الذين أمنوا، كونوا قوامين بالقصد شهداء لله، ولو
+
+60
+00:06:11,160 --> 00:06:17,140
+على أنفسكم أو الأقربين والوالدين، نعم سنأتي إلى
+
+61
+00:06:17,140 --> 00:06:23,060
+الوالدين والأقربينحتى و لو كانوا أقرب الناس إلينا
+
+62
+00:06:23,060 --> 00:06:28,520
+لابد أن نحكم بالعدل والإنصاف والآية الثامنة كذلك
+
+63
+00:06:28,520 --> 00:06:35,540
+في صدر صورة المائدة ولا يجرمنكم شنقان قوم على أن
+
+64
+00:06:35,540 --> 00:06:40,440
+لا تعدله اعدله وأقربوا للتقوى وستأتي معنا قصة
+
+65
+00:06:40,440 --> 00:06:45,920
+عبدالله بن رواحة مع اليهودالذين تقدموا إليه
+
+66
+00:06:45,920 --> 00:06:51,280
+بالرشوة و سنأتي إليها بعد قليل إن شاء الله تبارك
+
+67
+00:06:51,280 --> 00:06:56,160
+وتعالى فالله يقول يا أيها الناس اتقوا ربكم الذي
+
+68
+00:06:56,160 --> 00:07:01,420
+خلقكم من نفس واحدة و خلق منها زوجها و بث منهما
+
+69
+00:07:01,420 --> 00:07:06,200
+رجالا كثيرا و نساء واتقوا الله الذي تساءلون به و
+
+70
+00:07:06,200 --> 00:07:12,410
+الأرحمة إن الله كان عليكمرقيبة ويقول الله تبارك
+
+71
+00:07:12,410 --> 00:07:18,610
+وتعالى أيضا وما أموالكم ولا أولادكم بالتي تقربكم
+
+72
+00:07:18,610 --> 00:07:25,190
+عندنا زلفة إلا من آمن وعمل صالحا هذا هو الميزان
+
+73
+00:07:25,190 --> 00:07:31,190
+الذي يوزن به الناس في الإسلام وهكذا يتفاضل الناس
+
+74
+00:07:31,190 --> 00:07:39,680
+في الإسلام بالإيمان والعمل الصالح دون الأولادودون
+
+75
+00:07:39,680 --> 00:07:45,600
+الأموال وفي أكثر من موضع في القرآن الكريم بسم الله
+
+76
+00:07:45,600 --> 00:07:51,100
+الرحمن الرحيم والعصر إن الإنسان لفي خسر إلا من إلا
+
+77
+00:07:51,100 --> 00:07:56,700
+الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات وتواصوا بالحق وتواصوا
+
+78
+00:07:56,700 --> 00:08:04,840
+بالصبر فالأولاد والأموال هي صلاح ذو حدين قد تكونوا
+
+79
+00:08:04,840 --> 00:08:11,940
+خيراوقد تكونوا شرّن نعم وما أموالكم ولا أولادكم
+
+80
+00:08:11,940 --> 00:08:17,940
+بالتي تقربكم عندنا ظلفة بل قد تكونوا فتنة وقد
+
+81
+00:08:17,940 --> 00:08:23,080
+تكونوا عدوا لنا إن من أزوادكم وأولادكم عدوا لكم
+
+82
+00:08:23,080 --> 00:08:31,470
+فاحضروهم نعم هذه الآياتالثلاث إنما هي للدلالة من
+
+83
+00:08:31,470 --> 00:08:36,710
+القرآن الكريم على أن الإسلام لا يفرق بين الناس
+
+84
+00:08:36,710 --> 00:08:43,190
+بأموال ولا أموال ولا أولاد ولا حسب ولا نسب إنما
+
+85
+00:08:43,190 --> 00:08:49,870
+يتفضلون بالتقوى ويتفاضلون بالإيمان و العمل الصلاة
+
+86
+00:08:49,870 --> 00:08:54,870
+نأتي الآن إلى الأدلة من الصنة النبوية وهي المصدر
+
+87
+00:08:54,870 --> 00:09:01,290
+الثاني من مصادرالتشريع الإسلامي أو النظم الإسلامية
+
+88
+00:09:01,290 --> 00:09:06,490
+وكيف ينظر الإسلام إلى الناس يقول صلى الله عليه
+
+89
+00:09:06,490 --> 00:09:12,050
+وسلم في حجة الوداعفي آخر حجة حجها الرسول صلى الله
+
+90
+00:09:12,050 --> 00:09:17,810
+عليه وسلم يا أيها الناس إن ربكم واحد وإن أباكم
+
+91
+00:09:17,810 --> 00:09:23,890
+واحد وكلكم لآدم وآدم من تراب وإن أكرمكم عند الله
+
+92
+00:09:23,890 --> 00:09:30,320
+أتخاكم ليس لعربي على أعجميولا لأعجمي على عربي ولا
+
+93
+00:09:30,320 --> 00:09:36,080
+لأحمر على أبيض ولا لأبيض على أحمر فضل إلا بالتقوى
+
+94
+00:09:36,080 --> 00:09:41,260
+وهذا ما جاء به القرآن الكريم وجاءت الصنة النبوية
+
+95
+00:09:41,260 --> 00:09:49,700
+تأكيدا للقرآن الكريم إن أكرمكم عند الله أطقاكم
+
+96
+00:09:49,700 --> 00:09:55,870
+ويقول صلى الله عليه وسلم أنتم بنوا آدمةوأدم من
+
+97
+00:09:55,870 --> 00:10:01,290
+طراب ليدعن رجال فخرهم بأقوام كانوا يفخرون في
+
+98
+00:10:01,290 --> 00:10:09,620
+الجاهلية بآبائهم وأجدادهم هذا من بني هاشموهذا من
+
+99
+00:10:09,620 --> 00:10:15,980
+بني مخزوم وهكذا جاء القرآن ليعلن أن الناس إنما
+
+100
+00:10:15,980 --> 00:10:22,940
+يتفضلون بالدين والتقوى إنما هم فحم من فحم جهنم
+
+101
+00:10:22,940 --> 00:10:29,380
+والعياذ بالله أو ليكونون أهون على الله من الجعلان
+
+102
+00:10:29,380 --> 00:10:35,140
+التي تدفع بأنفها النتن والجعلان هي بلغة الناس
+
+103
+00:10:35,370 --> 00:10:41,030
+الخنفساء والعياذ بالله فهي سوداء وحقيرة و ذات
+
+104
+00:10:41,030 --> 00:10:49,190
+رائحة كريهة منتنة هؤلاء أهون على الله من هذه
+
+105
+00:10:49,190 --> 00:10:57,230
+الحشرة الحقيرة فهذه الأحاديث وامثالها تبين ان
+
+106
+00:10:57,230 --> 00:11:02,610
+الناس انما يتفاضلون بالتقن والتقوى والعمل الصالح
+
+107
+00:11:02,610 --> 00:11:09,350
+لا بأموالهم ولا بأولادهم وهنا نأتي إلى الدليل
+
+108
+00:11:09,350 --> 00:11:16,250
+الثالث من عمل الصحابة وكيف ينظر الإسلام إلى الناس
+
+109
+00:11:16,250 --> 00:11:23,610
+نبدأ كما بدأ الكتاب بخطبة أبي بكرن لما تولى خلافة
+
+110
+00:11:23,610 --> 00:11:28,730
+المسلمين وقال يا أيها الناس اني قد وليت عليكم ولست
+
+111
+00:11:28,730 --> 00:11:35,190
+بخيركم فإن أصبت فاعينوني وإن أخطأت فقومونيالقوي
+
+112
+00:11:35,190 --> 00:11:40,310
+فيكم ضعيف عندي حتى أخذ الحق منه والضعيف فيكم قوي
+
+113
+00:11:40,310 --> 00:11:46,730
+عندي حتى أخذ الحق له هكذا هم الناس في نظر الإسلام
+
+114
+00:11:46,730 --> 00:11:53,450
+والمسلمين وفي نظر الصحابة الكرام والسلف الصالح كما
+
+115
+00:11:53,450 --> 00:11:59,550
+رأينا في خطاب أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه لا فرق
+
+116
+00:11:59,550 --> 00:12:05,640
+بين قوي وضعيف أو غني وفقيرإنما الشعار الخالد إن
+
+117
+00:12:05,640 --> 00:12:09,660
+أكرمكم عند الله أطخاكم حتى و لو كان أقل حسبا و
+
+118
+00:12:09,660 --> 00:12:17,300
+نسبا حتى و لو كان أقل مالا و جمالا وهذا عمرو بن
+
+119
+00:12:17,300 --> 00:12:23,380
+الخطاب رضي الله عنه أراد أن يمتحن المسلمين فيقول
+
+120
+00:12:23,380 --> 00:12:29,060
+رضي الله عنه ما قولكم لو أن أمير المؤمنين شاهد
+
+121
+00:12:29,060 --> 00:12:31,220
+امرأة على معصية
+
+122
+00:12:33,150 --> 00:12:38,390
+فلو نافق الصحابة والمسلمون لقالوا إن شهادة أمير
+
+123
+00:12:38,390 --> 00:12:43,070
+المؤمنين بألف شهادة ولكن ماذا قال له علي بن أبي
+
+124
+00:12:43,070 --> 00:12:49,490
+طالب رضي الله عنه قال يا أمير المؤمنين إما أن تأتي
+
+125
+00:12:49,490 --> 00:12:58,490
+بأربعة شهداء أو حد في ظهرك لأن حد القذف من أجل
+
+126
+00:12:58,490 --> 00:13:04,420
+ثبوته يحتاج إلى أربعة شهداءفإذا لم يكتمل الأربعة
+
+127
+00:13:04,420 --> 00:13:12,280
+فإنهم يحدون حد القذف ثمانون جلدة فماذا فعل عمر هل
+
+128
+00:13:12,280 --> 00:13:20,130
+غضب و ثار و أمر بحبسه و اعتقاله قالالحمد لله الذي
+
+129
+00:13:20,130 --> 00:13:26,570
+جعل في رعيته من يقول لعمر اخطأت اذا ما اخطأت وان
+
+130
+00:13:26,570 --> 00:13:33,550
+يقيم عمر ابن الخطاب رضي الله عنه ولو بحد السيف نعم
+
+131
+00:13:33,550 --> 00:13:39,640
+هكذا هم الصحابةالكرام نأتي إلى عنوان جديد موقف
+
+132
+00:13:39,640 --> 00:13:43,180
+الكفار من العدل والمسواه طبعا الكفار لا يؤمنون
+
+133
+00:13:43,180 --> 00:13:50,120
+بالعدل والمسواه بين الناس فكان لعلية القوم مجالس
+
+134
+00:13:50,120 --> 00:13:59,540
+وكان للفقراء و العبيدمجالس وهكذا قالوا للرسول عليه
+
+135
+00:13:59,540 --> 00:14:03,220
+الصلاة والسلام ان تجعل لنا مجلسا وان تجعل لهؤلاء
+
+136
+00:14:03,220 --> 00:14:10,140
+الأعبد مثل بلال ومثل عمار مجلس آخر ولكن القرآن
+
+137
+00:14:10,140 --> 00:14:15,540
+الكريم يتنزل على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ولا
+
+138
+00:14:15,540 --> 00:14:21,280
+تطرد الذين يدعون ربهم بالغداد و العشي يريدون وجهة
+
+139
+00:14:21,280 --> 00:14:28,280
+فهؤلاء هم الذين نصروا الإسلاموالمسلمين لابد ان لا
+
+140
+00:14:28,280 --> 00:14:33,820
+يفرق بينهم و بين الصحابة الكرام فقد كان في مجلس
+
+141
+00:14:33,820 --> 00:14:41,320
+رسول الله ﷺ أبو بكر العربي و بلال الحبشي و صهيب
+
+142
+00:14:41,320 --> 00:14:47,740
+الرومي و سلمان الفارسي ما حكم اقامة العدل بين
+
+143
+00:14:47,740 --> 00:14:57,770
+الناس ان العدل بين الناس ليس منةأو صداقة يمن بها
+
+144
+00:14:57,770 --> 00:15:05,750
+الحاكم على شعبه بل هي فرض واجب على كل خليفة وعلى
+
+145
+00:15:05,750 --> 00:15:11,550
+كل حاكم وعلى كل من له ولاية على أمر من أمور
+
+146
+00:15:11,550 --> 00:15:17,530
+المسلمين ويمكن الاستدلال على ذلك بالنصوص التالية
+
+147
+00:15:18,080 --> 00:15:23,480
+قوله تبارك وتعالى إن الله يأمر بالعدل والإحسان
+
+148
+00:15:23,480 --> 00:15:29,880
+وإيتاء ذي القربة فكما نرى أن النص أمر صريح في طلب
+
+149
+00:15:29,880 --> 00:15:36,340
+إقامة العدل وبصيغة الأجوب والأمر إن الله يأمر
+
+150
+00:15:36,340 --> 00:15:44,800
+بالعدل والإحسان وقوله تبارك وتعالى إن الله يأمركم
+
+151
+00:15:45,300 --> 00:15:51,880
+أن تؤد الأمانات إلى أهلها ومن هذه الأمانات هو
+
+152
+00:15:51,880 --> 00:15:57,120
+العدل بين الناس وإذا حكمتم بين الناس أن تحكم
+
+153
+00:15:57,120 --> 00:16:04,690
+بالعدل فالنص كما نرى يأمر بإقامةالعدل بين الناس إن
+
+154
+00:16:04,690 --> 00:16:09,950
+الله يأمركم أن تؤدوا الأمانات إلى أهلها وإذا حكمتم
+
+155
+00:16:09,950 --> 00:16:16,570
+بين الناس أن تحكموا بالعدل وقوله تبارك وتعالى وهذه
+
+156
+00:16:16,570 --> 00:16:22,250
+الآية رقم 135 من صورة النساء سنأتي إليها بعد قليل
+
+157
+00:16:22,250 --> 00:16:29,730
+لعنوان مهم مع آية المائدة الآية الثامنة للدلالة
+
+158
+00:16:29,730 --> 00:16:34,910
+على أن العدل في الإسلام مطلقوأنه لا يتأثر بالهوى
+
+159
+00:16:34,910 --> 00:16:40,710
+حتى و لو كان بين يدي القاضي مسلم و كافر دون النظر
+
+160
+00:16:40,710 --> 00:16:45,790
+إلى الدين و المعتقديقول الله تبارك وتعالى يا أيها
+
+161
+00:16:45,790 --> 00:16:50,970
+الذين آمنوا كونوا قوامين بالقصط وكونوا أمر والأمر
+
+162
+00:16:50,970 --> 00:16:55,750
+يفيد الوجوب يا أيها الذين آمنوا كونوا قوامين
+
+163
+00:16:55,750 --> 00:17:01,670
+بالقصط شهداء لله ولو على أنفسكم أو الوالدين
+
+164
+00:17:01,670 --> 00:17:06,850
+والأقربين إن يكن غنيا أو فقيرا فالله أولى بيهم فلا
+
+165
+00:17:06,850 --> 00:17:11,870
+تتبعوا الهوى أن تعدلوا وإن تلووا أو تعرضوافإن الله
+
+166
+00:17:11,870 --> 00:17:17,350
+كان بما تعملون خبيرة وقوله تبارك وتعالى فلذلك
+
+167
+00:17:17,350 --> 00:17:23,640
+فادعوا واستقم كما أمرت ولا تتبع أهواءهموقل آمنت
+
+168
+00:17:23,640 --> 00:17:30,460
+بما أنذر الله من كتاب وأمرت لأعدل بينكم هكذا يؤمر
+
+169
+00:17:30,460 --> 00:17:35,420
+الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم وخلفائه من بعده
+
+170
+00:17:35,420 --> 00:17:43,080
+والمسلمون إلى قيام الساعة بالعدل وأمرت لأعدل بينكم
+
+171
+00:17:43,080 --> 00:17:50,980
+فهذا دليل على وجوب العدل بين أفرادالراعية وكما قلت
+
+172
+00:17:50,980 --> 00:18:00,660
+ليست منحة أو منة أو صدقة يتطوع بها الحاكم على شعبه
+
+173
+00:18:00,660 --> 00:18:07,100
+نعم هذا من ناحية العدل ما هو عكس العدل الظلم
+
+174
+00:18:07,100 --> 00:18:13,500
+والعياذ بالله وقد توعد الله تعالى الظالمينالعذابة
+
+175
+00:18:13,500 --> 00:18:18,980
+الشديدة وما معنى الظلم؟ الظلم في أصله اللغوي بمعنى
+
+176
+00:18:18,980 --> 00:18:25,480
+النقص ومنه قوله تبارك وتعالى في صورة الكاف ولم
+
+177
+00:18:25,480 --> 00:18:31,510
+تظلم منه شيئة يعني لم تنقص منه شيئةوهكذا إذا كان
+
+178
+00:18:31,510 --> 00:18:39,110
+العدل هو أن يُعطى الناس حقوقهم فكذلك الظلم أن ينقص
+
+179
+00:18:39,110 --> 00:18:45,890
+الناس حقوقهم وأن يحال بينهم وبين حقوقهم يقول الله
+
+180
+00:18:45,890 --> 00:18:51,630
+تبارك وتعالى في ذنب الظلم والظالمين أحشر الذين
+
+181
+00:18:51,630 --> 00:19:00,820
+ظلموا وأزواجهم وأزواجهم هنا بمعنى أشباههم وأمثالهم
+
+182
+00:19:00,820 --> 00:19:09,000
+أو قرناء السوء كما مر معنى في تعريف الزواج اللغوي
+
+183
+00:19:09,000 --> 00:19:18,340
+أنه زوجة بمعنى قرنة ومنه هذه الآية وليست الأزواج
+
+184
+00:19:18,340 --> 00:19:23,530
+بمعنى الزوجاتلأن الزوج قد يكون كافرا و قد تكون
+
+185
+00:19:23,530 --> 00:19:31,710
+زوجته مسلمة كما في قصة فرعون و زوجه آسيا التي قالت
+
+186
+00:19:31,710 --> 00:19:35,750
+رب بنلي عندك بيتا في الجنة و يقول الله تبارك و
+
+187
+00:19:35,750 --> 00:19:41,030
+تعالى يتوعد الظالمين و لا تحسبن الله غافلا عما
+
+188
+00:19:41,030 --> 00:19:46,520
+يعمل الظالمونإنما نؤخرهم ليوم تشخص فيه الأبصار
+
+189
+00:19:46,520 --> 00:19:51,880
+ويقول الله تبارك وتعالى فتلك بيوتهم خاوية بما
+
+190
+00:19:51,880 --> 00:20:00,020
+ظلموا وهذه نهاية الظالمين نعم بسبب ظلمهم أهلكهم
+
+191
+00:20:00,020 --> 00:20:06,800
+الله تبارك وتعالى العدل في الإسلام لا يتأثر بالهوى
+
+192
+00:20:06,800 --> 00:20:11,480
+وهذا من العناوين التي أشرنا اليهاقبل الوصول إليها
+
+193
+00:20:11,480 --> 00:20:18,320
+من العناوين المهمة جدا الإسلام العدل فيه لا يتأثر
+
+194
+00:20:18,320 --> 00:20:22,500
+بالهوى أبدا كما قلنا دون النظر إلى الدين والمعتقد
+
+195
+00:20:22,500 --> 00:20:29,020
+دون النظر إلى الجنس واللون والهوية نعم وشعارنا
+
+196
+00:20:29,020 --> 00:20:35,070
+الخالد الذي يجمعنا إن أكرمكم عند الله أضخاكموقد
+
+197
+00:20:35,070 --> 00:20:41,050
+قلنا سنأتي إلى الآيتين السابقتين الآية الأولى آية
+
+198
+00:20:41,050 --> 00:20:47,430
+135 من صورة الدساء كونوا قوامين بالقصد شهداء لله
+
+199
+00:20:47,430 --> 00:20:53,930
+ولو على أنفسكم أو الوالدين والأقربين هذه الآية
+
+200
+00:20:53,930 --> 00:20:59,310
+سابقة ذكرها في الدلالة على نظرة الإسلام إلى الناس
+
+201
+00:20:59,310 --> 00:21:06,020
+أجمعين وهي نظرة العدل والمسواةففي هذه الآية تحريض
+
+202
+00:21:06,020 --> 00:21:10,480
+للمسلمين على العدل حتى و لو شهد الإنسان على نفسه
+
+203
+00:21:10,480 --> 00:21:16,260
+أو والديه أو أقاربه و ك��ا قلت الآية الثامنة من صدر
+
+204
+00:21:16,260 --> 00:21:23,520
+صورة المائدة و لا يجرمنكم شنقان قوم أي بغض قومكما
+
+205
+00:21:23,520 --> 00:21:28,380
+قال الله إن شنيئك هو الأبطر يعني مبغضك يا محمد هو
+
+206
+00:21:28,380 --> 00:21:33,940
+الأبطر و لا يجرم أنكم شنقان قوم أي بغض قوم على ألا
+
+207
+00:21:33,940 --> 00:21:40,460
+تعدلوا اعدلوا هو أقرب للتقوى نأتي إلى تصرفات
+
+208
+00:21:40,460 --> 00:21:49,120
+الصحابةوأفعالهم أيضًا وكيف أن العدل في الإسلام لا
+
+209
+00:21:49,120 --> 00:21:54,180
+يتأثر بالهوى حتى لو كان الخاص مكافرا أو مشركا حتى
+
+210
+00:21:54,180 --> 00:21:59,600
+لو كان يهوديا أو نصرانيا وهذه قصته الصحابي الجليل
+
+211
+00:21:59,600 --> 00:22:05,580
+عبد الله بن رواحه لما أرسله النبي إلى يهود ليخرص
+
+212
+00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:11,820
+ثمارة خيبرة والخرص بلغة الضريبة في هذه الأيام
+
+213
+00:22:11,820 --> 00:22:18,260
+بمعنى التخمين وكانوا خبراء عندما ينظرون إلى النخلة
+
+214
+00:22:18,260 --> 00:22:26,680
+كام ساعة أو كام مدة يعني هم أقرب إلى الحقيقة
+
+215
+00:22:26,680 --> 00:22:34,250
+وعندنا في غزة نعم من اشتهروا بالتخمينعندما ينظرون
+
+216
+00:22:34,250 --> 00:22:39,650
+إلى بيارة من الحمضيات فإنهم يعلمون كم طنا في هذه
+
+217
+00:22:39,650 --> 00:22:47,500
+البيارة فهذا يحتاجوا إلى خبرة فأراداليهود أن يرشوه
+
+218
+00:22:47,500 --> 00:22:55,240
+وقدموا له صرة من ذهب كما تقول الرواية ولكنه رضي
+
+219
+00:22:55,240 --> 00:22:59,440
+الله عنه صرخ في وجههم وقال يا أعداء الله أترشونني
+
+220
+00:22:59,440 --> 00:23:04,740
+والله إنكم أبغضوا إلي من القرط والخنازير ولا محمد
+
+221
+00:23:04,740 --> 00:23:09,480
+صلى الله عليه وسلم أحب إلي من نفس التي بين جنبيه
+
+222
+00:23:09,480 --> 00:23:15,390
+ولكن بغضي لكم وحب لمحمدصلى الله عليه وسلم لا
+
+223
+00:23:15,390 --> 00:23:24,010
+يمنعني من أن أعدل بينكم رأيتم هذه هي عظمة الإسلام
+
+224
+00:23:24,010 --> 00:23:30,070
+نعم والله إنكم أبغضوا إلي من القضة والخنازير ولا
+
+225
+00:23:30,070 --> 00:23:35,250
+محمد أحب إلي من نفس التي بين جنبيولكن بغض لكم وحب
+
+226
+00:23:35,250 --> 00:23:40,790
+لمحمد لا يمنعني من أن أعدل بينكم لأن الله يقول في
+
+227
+00:23:40,790 --> 00:23:46,630
+آية المائدة التي سبق ذكرها و لا يجرمنكم شنقان قوم
+
+228
+00:23:46,630 --> 00:23:52,790
+على أن لا تعدلوا اعدلوا هو اقربوا للتقوى حتى و لو
+
+229
+00:23:52,790 --> 00:23:59,670
+كان الخصم يهودياوهذه قصة من أعجب القصص أيضًا في
+
+230
+00:23:59,670 --> 00:24:05,950
+حياة السلف الصالح وهي قصة القاضي شرايح بن هانق مع
+
+231
+00:24:05,950 --> 00:24:12,570
+أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب ويهودي يعني من أفراد
+
+232
+00:24:12,570 --> 00:24:18,210
+الرعية يعتبر من الدرجة الثانية أو كما يطلق عليهم
+
+233
+00:24:18,210 --> 00:24:25,770
+في هذا الزمان أقليات ولكن القاضي يسويحتى في اللفظ
+
+234
+00:24:25,770 --> 00:24:33,810
+واللحظة نعم فلا يقولوا يا أبل حسن ويقولوا لليهودي
+
+235
+00:24:33,810 --> 00:24:39,190
+يا فلان باسمه فقد سوى بينهم في كل شيء وهذا هو شرط
+
+236
+00:24:39,190 --> 00:24:45,650
+القضاء في الإسلام نعم و القصة ملخصها وجاءت في
+
+237
+00:24:45,650 --> 00:24:51,370
+الكتاب مقتضرة في غزوة خيبر لما فقد علي بن أبي طالب
+
+238
+00:24:51,370 --> 00:24:59,870
+درعه الخطميةوالتقطها هذا اليهودي ولكن لم يكن مع
+
+239
+00:24:59,870 --> 00:25:06,870
+علي شهود إلا الحسن وأي شهادة أعظم من شهادة الحسن
+
+240
+00:25:06,870 --> 00:25:12,370
+ولكن القواعد الشرعية في القضاء أن الأصول لا تشهد
+
+241
+00:25:12,370 --> 00:25:21,510
+للفروع وأن الفروع لا يشهدون للأصول لوجود التهمةفقد
+
+242
+00:25:21,510 --> 00:25:27,830
+يشهدون لمصلحة وهذا يتحقق في علي وولده وفي غير علي
+
+243
+00:25:27,830 --> 00:25:34,430
+إلى يوم القيامة فرد القا��ي شريح ابن هاني شهادة
+
+244
+00:25:34,430 --> 00:25:41,000
+الحسن ولديعليه ابن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه نعم فهنا
+
+245
+00:25:41,000 --> 00:25:46,680
+لما نظر اليهودي الى هذه الأخلاق العالية و هذه
+
+246
+00:25:46,680 --> 00:25:52,040
+الأداب الرفيعة قيل انه أعلن اسلامه و قال ان هذا
+
+247
+00:25:52,040 --> 00:25:58,510
+دين يثوي بيني و بين أمير المؤمنين لجديربالاتباع
+
+248
+00:25:58,510 --> 00:26:05,250
+نعم و نطقه بالشهادتين والله أعلى و أعلم ولكن هكذا
+
+249
+00:26:05,250 --> 00:26:10,690
+هو الإسلام العظيم طبعا إذا كان العدل بين الناس
+
+250
+00:26:10,690 --> 00:26:19,870
+فثمة الأمن و الأمان و الحمد لله رب العالمين و
+
+251
+00:26:19,870 --> 00:26:27,740
+البركة والاستقرار اما اذا كان هناك ظلم فثمة الخوف
+
+252
+00:26:27,740 --> 00:26:36,220
+والفزع والسجون والمعتقلات من كل من يقول كلمة الحق
+
+253
+00:26:36,220 --> 00:26:44,740
+ونختم هذا الباب بحديث عن العدل والمساوات بين الناس
+
+254
+00:26:45,000 --> 00:26:48,740
+ففي الحديث يقول عليه الصلاة والسلام يوم من إمام
+
+255
+00:26:48,740 --> 00:26:54,920
+عادل خير من عبادة ستين سنة هذا يدل على فضل عادل
+
+256
+00:26:54,920 --> 00:27:00,200
+والحديث الصحيح طبعا الذي لا يخفى سبعة يظلهم الله
+
+257
+00:27:00,200 --> 00:27:07,650
+في ظله يوم لا ظل إلا ظله وعد من أولهم إمامعادل
+
+258
+00:27:07,650 --> 00:27:11,710
+ويقول عليه الصلاة والسلام إن المقصدين عند الله على
+
+259
+00:27:11,710 --> 00:27:16,950
+منابر من نور يوم القيامة عن يمين الرحمن عز وجل
+
+260
+00:27:16,950 --> 00:27:23,410
+وكلت يديه يمين من هؤلاء الذين عن يمين الرحمن الذين
+
+261
+00:27:23,410 --> 00:27:28,450
+يعدلون في حكمهم وأهليهم وما ولوا نعم وهكذا وما
+
+262
+00:27:28,450 --> 00:27:34,220
+أكثر الأحاديث في هذا الباباهتمام الإسلام بإقامة
+
+263
+00:27:34,220 --> 00:27:41,640
+العدل نعم من مظاهر اهتمام الإسلام بالعدل أنه جعله
+
+264
+00:27:41,640 --> 00:27:47,700
+شرطا يجب توافره في كل من كان له ولاية عامة أو
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+265
+00:27:47,700 --> 00:27:54,020
+وظيفة عامةأو كل من قام على أمر وامور المسلمين كما
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+266
+00:27:54,020 --> 00:27:58,500
+نرى الفقهاء قد يختلفون في الشروط التي يجب أن
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+267
+00:27:58,500 --> 00:28:04,560
+تتوافر في كل من يلي وظيفة المسلمين إلا هذا الشرط
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+268
+00:28:04,560 --> 00:28:10,220
+ألا وهو شرط العدالة والمساواة فقد اتفقوا عليه ولا
+
+269
+00:28:10,220 --> 00:28:18,820
+يخالف فيه أحد ومبحثوا العدل والمساواةوهو القاعدة
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+270
+00:28:18,820 --> 00:28:23,000
+الثانية من القواعد التي يبني عليها النظام الصيانسي
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+271
+00:28:23,000 --> 00:28:31,260
+في الإسلام ينتهي بهتين القصتين وهما من مظاهر العدل
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+272
+00:28:31,260 --> 00:28:39,430
+في الإسلام والقصة الأولىفي غزوة بدرن الكبرى أول
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+273
+00:28:39,430 --> 00:28:44,290
+غزوة غزاها الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام في العام
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+274
+00:28:44,290 --> 00:28:48,450
+الثاني من الهجرة النبوية لما كان ينظم الصفوف
+
+275
+00:28:48,450 --> 00:28:54,190
+ويتفقد الجند وهو القائد الأعلى للقوات المسلحةعليه
+
+276
+00:28:54,190 --> 00:28:58,430
+الصلاة والسلام وإذا بصواد ابن غزية طبعا هنا في
+
+277
+00:28:58,430 --> 00:29:03,790
+الكتاب خطأ مطبعي هو صواد ابن غزية وليس كما في
+
+278
+00:29:03,790 --> 00:29:09,550
+الكتاب نعم فضربه الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام بعصات
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+279
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+في بطنه وقال استقم يا صواد فقال صواد أوجعتني يا
+
+280
+00:29:17,310 --> 00:29:24,240
+رسول الله أريد أن أقتصى منكوكان بطن سواد مكشوفة
+
+281
+00:29:24,240 --> 00:29:27,580
+فكشف الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام عن بطنه الشريفة
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+282
+00:29:27,580 --> 00:29:32,720
+وقال استقد يا سواد فماذا فعل سواد ما كان منه إلا
+
+283
+00:29:32,720 --> 00:29:40,040
+أن اعتقناه عليه الصلاة والسلام وقبل بطنه عليه
+
+284
+00:29:40,040 --> 00:29:43,990
+الصلاة والسلام فقال له لماذا فعلت ذلك يا سوادقال
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+285
+00:29:43,990 --> 00:29:48,750
+لعلي أستشهد يا رسول الله في هذه المعركة طبعا القصة
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+286
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+في السيرة النبوية خارج هذه المصنفات المقتصرة وأردت
+
+287
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+أن يكون آخر العهد بك أن يمس جلدي جلدك يا رسول الله
+
+288
+00:30:02,190 --> 00:30:07,960
+صلى الله عليه وسلمو القصة الأخيرة المعروفة قصة عمر
+
+289
+00:30:07,960 --> 00:30:15,940
+بن العاص حاكم مصر و قصة السباق مع ولده و القبطي و
+
+290
+00:30:15,940 --> 00:30:22,690
+لما ضرباه و قال له اناابن عمر ابن العاص الوالي
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+291
+00:30:22,690 --> 00:30:28,470
+وانطلق القبطي الى الخلافة الراشدة الى عمرو بن
+
+292
+00:30:28,470 --> 00:30:32,730
+الخطاب فى المدينة المنورة وهناك استد عمرو ابنه
+
+293
+00:30:32,730 --> 00:30:37,530
+وقال اضرب ابن الأكرمين وقال قولته الشهيرة مت
+
+294
+00:30:37,530 --> 00:30:43,350
+استعبدتم الناس وقد ولدتهم أمهاتهم أحرارا نعم هذا
+
+295
+00:30:43,350 --> 00:30:48,990
+هوالقاعدة الثانية من القواعد التي يبنى عليها
+
+296
+00:30:48,990 --> 00:30:53,810
+النظام السياسي في الإسلام نأتي الآن إلى القاعدة
+
+297
+00:30:53,810 --> 00:31:01,290
+الثالثة وهي الشورة الشورة طبعا في لغة العرب من
+
+298
+00:31:01,290 --> 00:31:07,730
+الفعل شارة و شارة بمعنى جناه وأصلها اللغوي من شار
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+299
+00:31:07,730 --> 00:31:17,010
+العسل بمعنى جناهوكأن التشبيه هنا بليخ فكما أن
+
+300
+00:31:17,010 --> 00:31:26,890
+النحلة تأتي بألاف الظهرات وتجن العسل منها كذلك
+
+301
+00:31:26,890 --> 00:31:36,470
+الشرق هي جنيهأراء العقول من الغير ولذلك كان تعريف
+
+302
+00:31:36,470 --> 00:31:42,130
+الشورة في اللغة طلب رأي الغير في أمر من الأمور
+
+303
+00:31:42,130 --> 00:31:50,130
+وهنا نلحظ أن ثم تفارقا بين تعريف الشورة في لغة
+
+304
+00:31:50,130 --> 00:31:55,510
+العرب وبين تعريف الشورة عند المسلمينفالشورة كما
+
+305
+00:31:55,510 --> 00:32:00,990
+نرى في لغة العرب طلبوا رأي الغير أيا كان هذا الغير
+
+306
+00:32:00,990 --> 00:32:08,470
+متعلما أو أميا مسلما أو كافرا ولكن سنأتي إلى شروط
+
+307
+00:32:08,470 --> 00:32:13,930
+أهل الشورة إن شاء الله وإن كان المصطلح الشرعي
+
+308
+00:32:13,930 --> 00:32:18,750
+يحدّلنا بعض هذه الشروط فالشورة في الإصطلاح
+
+309
+00:32:18,750 --> 00:32:25,650
+الإسلامي استعراضه آراء أهل الاختصاصرأيتم أهل
+
+310
+00:32:25,650 --> 00:32:31,630
+اختصاص وليس رأي الغير أيًا كان هذا الغير في واقعة
+
+311
+00:32:31,630 --> 00:32:39,410
+معينة واختيار أصلحها بحسب شرع الله تبارك وتعالى
+
+312
+00:32:39,410 --> 00:32:44,890
+وسنة نبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم ما هي فوائد الشورة
+
+313
+00:32:44,890 --> 00:32:50,870
+نأتي إلى ذكرها باختصار أولًا الشورة هي أساس الحكم
+
+314
+00:32:50,870 --> 00:32:57,600
+في الإسلامثانيا كما أنها مظهر عظيم من مظاهر حرية
+
+315
+00:32:57,600 --> 00:33:03,790
+التعبيرعن الرأي و ثالثا الشورة طريق من طرق تحقيق
+
+316
+00:33:03,790 --> 00:33:09,030
+الألفة والمحبة بين أفراد الجماعة و رابعا إن الشورة
+
+317
+00:33:09,030 --> 00:33:15,710
+تدرب العقول على ثبر الأمور و تفحصها و تمحيصها و
+
+318
+00:33:15,710 --> 00:33:21,670
+معرفة غثها من سمينها خامسا كما أنها تعلم الأفراد
+
+319
+00:33:21,670 --> 00:33:28,000
+على العطاء و على الانتماء للجماعةوالوطن و سادسا
+
+320
+00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:32,860
+الشهورة من مقتضيات تكريم الإنسان كما قال الله
+
+321
+00:33:32,860 --> 00:33:38,380
+تبارك وتعالى إني جاعل في الأرض خليفة و كما قال في
+
+322
+00:33:38,380 --> 00:33:42,580
+صورة الإسراء
+
+323
+00:33:42,840 --> 00:33:47,700
+ولقد كرمنا بني آدم وحملناهم في البر والبحر
+
+324
+00:33:47,700 --> 00:33:53,160
+ورزقناهم من الطيبات وفضلناهم على كثير ممن خلقنا
+
+325
+00:33:53,160 --> 00:33:59,060
+تفضيلة وأخيرا الشورى طريقة من طرق الوحدة الإسلامية
+
+326
+00:33:59,060 --> 00:34:05,270
+عن طريق عرض المشاكل العامةللمجتمع ومشاركة الجميع
+
+327
+00:34:05,270 --> 00:34:12,330
+في حلها نأتي الآن إلى عنوان مهم من عنوان هذا البحث
+
+328
+00:34:12,330 --> 00:34:20,250
+وهو مظاهر اهتمام الإسلام بالشورةأول هذه المظاهر
+
+329
+00:34:20,250 --> 00:34:27,750
+أنه سمى صورة باسمها ألا وهي صورة الشورة ثم إنه
+
+330
+00:34:27,750 --> 00:34:34,470
+جعلها بين رقنين من أركان الإسلام الصلاة والذكاء
+
+331
+00:34:34,470 --> 00:34:38,510
+يقول الله تبارك وتعالى والذين استجابوا لربهم
+
+332
+00:34:38,780 --> 00:34:44,300
+وأقاموا الصلاة وأمرهم شورة بينهم ومما رزقناهم
+
+333
+00:34:44,300 --> 00:34:50,920
+ينفقون فقد توسطت الشورة ركنين عظيمين من أركان
+
+334
+00:34:50,920 --> 00:34:56,120
+الإسلام وهم الصلاة والزكاة وأقاموا الصلاة وأمرهم
+
+335
+00:34:56,120 --> 00:35:02,060
+شورة بينهمومما رزقناهم منفقون هذا يدل على مدى
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+336
+00:35:02,060 --> 00:35:08,700
+اهتمام الإسلام بالشورة كما أن القرآن الكريم وبيانا
+
+337
+00:35:08,700 --> 00:35:14,580
+لأهمية الشورة وتعليما للناس فقد ذكر صورتين من صور
+
+338
+00:35:14,580 --> 00:35:23,580
+ممارسة الشورة بصفة نماذج يقتدى بها الأنموذج الأول
+
+339
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+أنموذج في حل المشاكلالاجتماعية و ذلك بين الزوجين
+
+340
+00:35:30,970 --> 00:35:38,250
+في حال الفصال والفصال هنا ليس بمعنى الطلاق كما
+
+341
+00:35:38,250 --> 00:35:45,010
+يفهم البعض بمعنى أن تفصل الزوجة عن الزوج وإنما
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+342
+00:35:45,010 --> 00:35:52,170
+الفصال هنا بمعنى الفطام لأن الرضاع قد يكون عامين
+
+343
+00:35:52,170 --> 00:35:59,280
+والوالدات .. والوالدات نعمكما جاء في القرآن الكريم
+
+344
+00:35:59,280 --> 00:36:05,260
+عامين كاملين لمن أراد أن يتم الرضاها وفصاله في
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+345
+00:36:05,260 --> 00:36:10,960
+عامينلكن لو أراد الوالدان افطام الطفل قبل عامين
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+346
+00:36:10,960 --> 00:36:18,160
+فهذا جائز بالمشورة بين الزوجين فالله يقول فإن أراد
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+347
+00:36:18,160 --> 00:36:26,180
+فصالا عن تراض منهما وتشابر فلا جناح عليهم يجوزوا
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+348
+00:36:26,180 --> 00:36:33,500
+للأبوين بعد المشورة نعم افطام الطفل قبل سنتين
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+349
+00:36:35,490 --> 00:36:42,190
+والمثال التاني مثال سياسي في شؤون الدولة بشكل عام
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+350
+00:36:42,190 --> 00:36:49,710
+وضرب لنا مثلا في قصة بلقيس ملكة سبق في اليمن في
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+351
+00:36:49,710 --> 00:36:54,570
+عهد سليمان بن داود عليهما السلام والقصة في صورة
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+352
+00:36:54,570 --> 00:37:00,230
+النمل قالت يا أيها الملأ أفتوني في أمريماكنت قاطعة
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+353
+00:37:00,230 --> 00:37:07,130
+أمرا حتى تشهدون فقالوا نحن أولو قوة وأولو بأس شديد
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+354
+00:37:07,130 --> 00:37:12,630
+والأمر إليك فانظري ماذا تأمرين فكانت المرأة أسد
+
+355
+00:37:13,890 --> 00:37:22,350
+رأيا و أحسن مشهورة من الرجال و القصة في نهايتها لا
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+356
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+تخفي عليكم حتى أسلمت مع سليمان لله ربي العالمين ما
+
+357
+00:37:28,850 --> 00:37:32,130
+هو حكم الشورة في الإسلام؟ طبعا الشورة في الإسلام
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+358
+00:37:32,130 --> 00:37:41,440
+واجبة ودليل على ذلكالآيات والنصوص التالية ومنها
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+359
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+قوله تبارك وتعالى فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ
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+360
+00:37:45,480 --> 00:37:48,500
+لِنْتَ لَهُمْ وَلَوْ كُنْتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ
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+361
+00:37:48,500 --> 00:37:51,140
+القَلْبِ لَنْفَضُّوا مِنْ حَوْلِكَ فَاعْفُوا
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+362
+00:37:51,140 --> 00:37:53,480
+عَنْهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ وَشَاوِرْهُمْ فِي
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+363
+00:37:53,480 --> 00:37:58,400
+الْأَمْرِ شاورهم في الأمر هذا دليل على وجوب الشورة
+
+364
+00:37:58,400 --> 00:38:04,290
+وشاورهم أمر والأمر يفيد الوجوب وشاورهم في الأمرنعم
+
+365
+00:38:04,290 --> 00:38:10,970
+وكذلك الآية السابقة ذكرها في صورة الشورة نفسها
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+366
+00:38:10,970 --> 00:38:16,330
+أنها جاءت بين فريضتين عظيمتين من فرائض الإسلام
+
+367
+00:38:16,330 --> 00:38:22,210
+وكأن الله يقول لنا كما أن الصلاة فرض وكما أن
+
+368
+00:38:22,210 --> 00:38:30,290
+الذكاء فرض فكذلك الشورة فرض وواجبة كوجوب الصلاة
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+369
+00:38:30,290 --> 00:38:36,640
+ووجوبالزكاة لأن الله قد قرن بينها وبين هذه الركنين
+
+370
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+العظيمين في قوله تبارك وتعالى والذين استجابوا
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+371
+00:38:41,380 --> 00:38:46,500
+لربهم وأقاموا الصلاة وأمرهم شورا بينهم ومما
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+372
+00:38:46,500 --> 00:38:53,120
+رزقناهم ينفقون وهذه الدليلان من أعظم الأدلة على
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+373
+00:38:53,120 --> 00:39:00,270
+وجوب الشورةعلى الحاكم المسلم وكما قلت في موضوع
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+374
+00:39:00,270 --> 00:39:05,730
+العدل والمسواه ليست منة يمنوا بها الحاكم على شعبهم
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+375
+00:39:05,730 --> 00:39:12,870
+الان نأتي لسؤال مهم جدا مدى إلزام الشورة لرئيس
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+376
+00:39:12,870 --> 00:39:19,170
+الدولة نعم هذه المسألة تعتبر من المسائل يعني
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+377
+00:39:20,360 --> 00:39:26,240
+الدقيقة والتي اختلف فيها العلماء يعني هل الشورى
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+378
+00:39:26,240 --> 00:39:34,620
+ملزمة لرئيس الدولة ام معلمة طبعا البعض قال ملزمة
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+379
+00:39:34,620 --> 00:39:41,400
+بمعنى انه يلزم بها ولا يصح لرئيس الدولة ان يحيد
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+380
+00:39:41,400 --> 00:39:48,490
+عنها وبعضهم قال بل معلمةيعني له أن يختار وأن يجتهد
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+381
+00:39:48,490 --> 00:39:53,930
+إن شاء أخذ بها وإن شاء تركها لكن الحقيقة هنا ما
+
+382
+00:39:53,930 --> 00:40:00,930
+جاء به الكتاب كلام طيب ولذلك نستطيع أن نلخص ما جاء
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+383
+00:40:00,930 --> 00:40:09,330
+في الكتاب نعم على النحو التالي إذا كان رئيس الدولة
+
+384
+00:40:09,330 --> 00:40:18,500
+مجتهدا فشورى في حقه معلمةبمعنى هو مخيّر إن رأى أن
+
+385
+00:40:18,500 --> 00:40:23,480
+يأخذ برأي أهل الشورة له ذلك وإن اعتقد أن رأيه هو
+
+386
+00:40:23,480 --> 00:40:29,260
+الأقرب إلى حكم الشرعي فله أن يأخذ به مهما كان عدد
+
+387
+00:40:29,260 --> 00:40:37,960
+أهل الشورة لماذا نحن رجحنا هذا الرأي أولا لأنه
+
+388
+00:40:37,960 --> 00:40:44,280
+مجتهد مثلهم فهنا رئيس الدولة مجتهدوعندما نقول
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+389
+00:40:44,280 --> 00:40:50,820
+مجتهد بمعنى توافرت فيه شروط الاجتهاد المذكورة في
+
+390
+00:40:50,820 --> 00:41:00,420
+كتب أصول الفقه من القرآن والصنة واللغة والفقه إلى
+
+391
+00:41:00,420 --> 00:41:07,540
+غير ذلك من الشروط التي يجب أن تتوافر في المجتهدينو
+
+392
+00:41:07,540 --> 00:41:16,810
+ثانياً لأنه توافر فيه ما لم يتوافر فيهم فهو لميعُد
+
+393
+00:41:16,810 --> 00:41:22,610
+رئيسًا ولم يعد خائدًا إلا لأنه توافر فيه من شروط
+
+394
+00:41:22,610 --> 00:41:30,790
+القيادة التي أهلته للرئاسة ما لم يتوافر في سائر
+
+395
+00:41:30,790 --> 00:41:36,850
+أهل الشهرة إذا نقول مرة أخرى إذا كان رئيس الدولة
+
+396
+00:41:36,850 --> 00:41:45,240
+مجتهدا فالشورة في حقه معلمةبمعنى أنها غير ملصمة
+
+397
+00:41:45,240 --> 00:41:52,980
+بمعنى أنه مخير بين أن يأخذ بها و بين أن يتركها و
+
+398
+00:41:52,980 --> 00:41:59,300
+أن يجتهد لسببين السبب الأول أنه مجتهد و هم مجتهدون
+
+399
+00:41:59,300 --> 00:42:03,700
+توافر فيهم و توافر فيهم من شروط الاجتهاد و من
+
+400
+00:42:03,700 --> 00:42:09,780
+القواعد الشرعية أن الاجتهاد لا ينقض باجتهاد مثلهو
+
+401
+00:42:09,780 --> 00:42:17,180
+ثانيا انه توافر فيه ما لم يتوافر فيهم من شروط
+
+402
+00:42:17,180 --> 00:42:28,140
+القيادة التي أهلته للرسالة اما نعم اذا لم يكن رئيس
+
+403
+00:42:28,140 --> 00:42:32,560
+الدولة مجتهدا كما هو الحال في معظم الدول العربية
+
+404
+00:42:32,560 --> 00:42:38,620
+في هذه الايام ففشورة في حقه ملزمة بمعنى ليس له
+
+405
+00:42:39,730 --> 00:42:44,750
+الاختيار ليس له إلا الالتزام بما يراه أهل الشورة
+
+406
+00:42:45,200 --> 00:42:50,380
+ذلك لأنه لا يجوز لأي شخص أن ينظر في أمور المسلمين
+
+407
+00:42:50,380 --> 00:42:57,040
+التي تحتاج إلى دليل شرعي وإلا إذا كان مجتهدا نعم
+
+408
+00:42:57,040 --> 00:43:03,520
+حتى لو كان هذا الشخص هو رئيس الدولة الإسلامية نفسه
+
+409
+00:43:03,520 --> 00:43:08,980
+نعم فهذا الشخص لم يتوافر فيه شروط الاجتهاد ولا
+
+410
+00:43:08,980 --> 00:43:15,930
+يعرف الأدلة فليس له الإختيار إنما لهالالتثام بما
+
+411
+00:43:15,930 --> 00:43:23,250
+يراه أهله الشورة طبعا والله أعلى وأعلم هذا ما
+
+412
+00:43:23,250 --> 00:43:28,910
+رجحناه مجالات الشورة الشورة قسمان عامة وخاصة
+
+413
+00:43:28,910 --> 00:43:33,080
+الشورة العامة تكون في الأمور خطيرة الشأنوالتي
+
+414
+00:43:33,080 --> 00:43:37,660
+تتعلق بالصالح العام للدولة و ذلك مثل الاستشارة في
+
+415
+00:43:37,660 --> 00:43:42,980
+الحرب أو عقد المعاهدات مع الدول الأخرى أو اختيار
+
+416
+00:43:42,980 --> 00:43:47,460
+نظام الحكم في الدولة أو تعيين رئيس الدولة أو عزله
+
+417
+00:43:47,460 --> 00:43:55,360
+و هكذا محاسبته إذا ما قصر نعموأما الشورة الخاصة
+
+418
+00:43:55,360 --> 00:43:59,980
+وهي ما كان من أمور التشريع الدقيقة التي تتطلب
+
+419
+00:43:59,980 --> 00:44:04,760
+مختصين كما في قوله تعالى فاسألوا أهل الذكر إن كنتم
+
+420
+00:44:04,760 --> 00:44:11,270
+لا تعلمون وأهل الذكر ليسهم المشايخأو رجال الديت
+
+421
+00:44:11,270 --> 00:44:17,350
+أهل الذكري هم أهل التخصص في كل فن فالطبيب في الطب
+
+422
+00:44:17,350 --> 00:44:23,410
+و المهندس في الهندسة و هكذا المعلم في التربية و
+
+423
+00:44:23,410 --> 00:44:30,310
+الفلك و البحرية إلى غير هذه التخصصات كما نرى في
+
+424
+00:44:30,310 --> 00:44:35,190
+هذه الأيام وزارة الصحة و وزارة التعليم أو النقل و
+
+425
+00:44:35,190 --> 00:44:41,250
+المواصلاتأو الحكم المحلي والتجارة والصناعة إلى آخر
+
+426
+00:44:41,250 --> 00:44:48,790
+هذه الوزارات فهي تحتاج إلى أناس مختصين كيفية
+
+427
+00:44:48,790 --> 00:44:53,730
+الشورة نعم لم يثبت عن النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام
+
+428
+00:44:53,730 --> 00:45:02,710
+كيفية محددة للشورةوإنما جاء في سيرة النبوية أكثر
+
+429
+00:45:02,710 --> 00:45:10,790
+من صورة من صور الشورى أول هذه الصور قد يشير عليه
+
+430
+00:45:10,790 --> 00:45:17,950
+الرجل الواحد فيرى رأيه صوابا ويأخذ به كما في غزوة
+
+431
+00:45:17,950 --> 00:45:24,330
+بدرن كيف أشار عليهعليه الصلاة والسلام بهدم الأبار
+
+432
+00:45:24,330 --> 00:45:32,910
+وأن يبقى بقرا واحدا فيشربوا ولا يشربوا المشركون
+
+433
+00:45:32,910 --> 00:45:39,210
+وكان أحيانا يستشيروا أناس المعينين كما في أسرة بدر
+
+434
+00:45:39,210 --> 00:45:45,850
+كأبي بكر وعمر وأحيانا يستشيروا من حضر من المسلمين
+
+435
+00:45:45,850 --> 00:45:50,130
+كما في غزوة بدر أيضا ويقول أشيروا علي أيها الناس
+
+436
+00:45:50,620 --> 00:45:56,820
+وكلها في أسيرة النبوية بشيء من التفصيل يستشير
+
+437
+00:45:56,820 --> 00:46:03,500
+المهاجرين ثم يستشير الأنصار وأقرب هذه الصور إلى
+
+438
+00:46:03,500 --> 00:46:09,540
+واقعنا الحالي ما كان يشاور الناس عن طريق ممثليهم
+
+439
+00:46:09,540 --> 00:46:17,950
+أو نوابهم كما فعل في هوازن حينما جاء قومهميفتدونهم
+
+440
+00:46:17,950 --> 00:46:24,130
+فقال للناس ارجعوا حتى يرفع إلينا عرفاءكم أمركم
+
+441
+00:46:24,130 --> 00:46:31,690
+يعني نوابكم فهؤلاء يمثلون الناس فلو كانوا ملايين
+
+442
+00:46:31,690 --> 00:46:38,450
+لا يستطيع الحاكمأن يستمع إلى هذه الملايين وإنما
+
+443
+00:46:38,450 --> 00:46:45,370
+يستمعوا إلى نوابهم أو إلى عرفائهم كما كان سائدا في
+
+444
+00:46:45,370 --> 00:46:49,150
+عهد الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام وهذه أقرب الصور إلى
+
+445
+00:46:49,150 --> 00:46:57,810
+أيامها هذه فالحاكم يجتهد في اختيار أهل الشهرة إذا
+
+446
+00:46:57,810 --> 00:47:01,470
+نخرج بأنه لم يكن في عهد النبي عليه السلام صورة
+
+447
+00:47:01,470 --> 00:47:11,210
+محددةلاختيار أهل الشورة نعم الآن نختم بشروط أهل
+
+448
+00:47:11,210 --> 00:47:18,920
+الشورة كما قلنا في التعريف ليس كل أحديمكن أن يكون
+
+449
+00:47:18,920 --> 00:47:24,640
+من أهل الشورة فلابد أن يكون من أهل الاختصار أول
+
+450
+00:47:24,640 --> 00:47:31,640
+هذه الشروط التكليف بمعنى أن يكون مسلما بالغا عاقلا
+
+451
+00:47:31,640 --> 00:47:35,160
+أما أن يكون مسلما فلقوله تبارك وتعالى
+
+452
+00:47:35,160 --> 00:47:38,220
+وَلَيَّجْعَلَ اللَّهُ لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَلَى
+
+453
+00:47:38,220 --> 00:47:44,320
+الْمُؤْمِنِينَ سَبِيلًا لأن الكافر لا يؤتمن على
+
+454
+00:47:44,320 --> 00:47:52,320
+أمور المسلمينوأما البلوغ فغير البالغ لم يصل إلى
+
+455
+00:47:52,320 --> 00:47:59,020
+درجة الخبرة والدراية وقد جاء في الحديث رفع القلم
+
+456
+00:47:59,020 --> 00:48:08,360
+عن ثلاث وذكر منها عن الصبي حتى يبلغ وكذلك العلم
+
+457
+00:48:08,360 --> 00:48:14,650
+فلابد لمن يكونمن أهل الشورة أن يكون لديه علم في
+
+458
+00:48:14,650 --> 00:48:19,010
+الأمور التي يختص فيها حتى تكون مشهورته على حق
+
+459
+00:48:19,010 --> 00:48:24,770
+وصواب وقد تلون الآية السابقة فاسألوا أهل الذكر إن
+
+460
+00:48:24,770 --> 00:48:30,430
+كنتم لا تعلمون وأهل الذكر كما قلنا أهل التخصص في
+
+461
+00:48:30,430 --> 00:48:36,530
+كل فن وفي كلمجال فالطبيب يستشار في الطب و المهندس
+
+462
+00:48:36,530 --> 00:48:43,290
+في الهندسة و الأبناء و كذلك المعلم في التربية و كل
+
+463
+00:48:43,290 --> 00:48:48,910
+في تخصصه ثالثا العدالة الجامعة لشروطها و ألفط
+
+464
+00:48:48,910 --> 00:48:54,910
+النظر أن هنا مصطلح قد يخفي على البعض فما هو مصطلح
+
+465
+00:48:54,910 --> 00:49:02,230
+العدالة حاجز نفسي يمنع المستشار من الخطأ و الزللو
+
+466
+00:49:02,230 --> 00:49:07,630
+كذلك يمنعه من الغش و الخيانة هذا مصطلح التفتوا
+
+467
+00:49:07,630 --> 00:49:13,970
+اليه أما المواطنة فأهل مكة أدرى بشعابها أي أن يكون
+
+468
+00:49:13,970 --> 00:49:19,510
+المستشار يحمل جنسية البلد الذي يستشار فيه و يسكنه
+
+469
+00:49:19,510 --> 00:49:24,750
+ولا يصلح للاستشارة من يسكن خارج بلده بسبب عدم
+
+470
+00:49:24,750 --> 00:49:30,150
+إدراكه بالظروف المحيط بهذا البلد فيؤثر ذلك على
+
+471
+00:49:30,150 --> 00:49:37,300
+رأيهنعم وخامسا و هذه من الشروط المهمة ألا يزكي
+
+472
+00:49:37,300 --> 00:49:43,400
+المرشح نفسه و ألا يطلب أن يكون مستشارا لأن ذلك
+
+473
+00:49:43,400 --> 00:49:49,860
+دليل على حبه للصمعة و المنصب و يشك في إخلاصه و قد
+
+474
+00:49:49,860 --> 00:49:54,060
+يقى في الحديث الصحيح الذي رواه أبو موسى عليه عن
+
+475
+00:49:54,060 --> 00:49:57,480
+رسول الله عليه الصلاة والسلام حينما دخل عليه هو
+
+476
+00:49:57,480 --> 00:50:05,400
+ورجلان من قومهوطلب من الرسول أن يؤمرهم على قومهما
+
+477
+00:50:05,400 --> 00:50:10,120
+فقال النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام إن لا نولي هذا
+
+478
+00:50:10,120 --> 00:50:19,130
+الأمر من سأله ولا من حرص عليههكذا نكون قد انتهينا
+
+479
+00:50:19,130 --> 00:50:24,890
+من القاعدة الثالثة اللى و هي قاعدة الشورة و نختم
+
+480
+00:50:24,890 --> 00:50:31,570
+الآن بالقاعدة الرابعة اللى و هي الطاعة طبعا الطاعة
+
+481
+00:50:31,570 --> 00:50:37,370
+في اللغة بمعنى الانقياد و الموافقة من الطوعي مصدر
+
+482
+00:50:37,370 --> 00:50:46,210
+طاعة له أي لانه و انقاده أما في مصطلحالإسلام
+
+483
+00:50:46,210 --> 00:50:52,910
+فالطاعة هي موافقة ولي الأمر والانقياد له بقدر
+
+484
+00:50:52,910 --> 00:50:58,850
+انصيائه لشرع الله تعالى وهذا المصطلح يجيبنا على
+
+485
+00:50:58,850 --> 00:51:04,570
+سؤال قد يأتي بعد قليل إن شاء الله وهي أن طاعة
+
+486
+00:51:04,570 --> 00:51:11,990
+الحاكم ليست طاعة مطلقة ليست طاعة هكذا
+
+487
+00:51:13,070 --> 00:51:18,590
+دون أن تكون محكومة بكتاب الله أو بصناعة رسول الله
+
+488
+00:51:18,590 --> 00:51:23,510
+عليه الصلاة والسلام بل طاعة مقيدة بكتاب الله
+
+489
+00:51:23,510 --> 00:51:29,270
+وصناعة رسول الله وشرع الله ولذلك هذا المصطلح أجاب
+
+490
+00:51:29,270 --> 00:51:35,850
+لنا عن سؤال وانقياد له بقدر انصيائه لشرع الله إذا
+
+491
+00:51:35,850 --> 00:51:42,670
+طاعة الإمام مرهونةبمدى انصياعه وامتثاله لشرع الله
+
+492
+00:51:42,670 --> 00:51:50,390
+فطاعة ولي الأمر ليست مطلقة بل مقيدة نعم أدلة
+
+493
+00:51:50,390 --> 00:51:55,970
+مشروعية الطالب وفي نفس الوقت نجيب على هذا السؤال
+
+494
+00:51:55,970 --> 00:52:02,250
+ما حكم طاعة الحاكم واجبة طبعا في الشريعة الإسلامية
+
+495
+00:52:02,250 --> 00:52:10,380
+وهذه الأدلةإنما تأتي للدلالة على وجوب طاعة الإمام
+
+496
+00:52:10,380 --> 00:52:15,180
+وأول هذه الأدلة من القرآن الكريم وهي قوله تبارك
+
+497
+00:52:15,180 --> 00:52:19,660
+وتعالى يا أيها الذين آمنوا أطيعوا الله وأطيعوا
+
+498
+00:52:19,660 --> 00:52:24,580
+الرسول وأولي الأمر منكم نعم هذه الآية تجيب على نفس
+
+499
+00:52:24,580 --> 00:52:29,240
+السؤال السابق هل طاعة الإمام مطلقة او مقيدة نقول
+
+500
+00:52:29,240 --> 00:52:33,340
+مقيدةلأن الآية جاءت يا أيها الذين أمنوا أطيعوا
+
+501
+00:52:33,340 --> 00:52:38,960
+الله وأطيعوا الرسول وأولي الأمر منكم بمعنى طاعته
+
+502
+00:52:38,960 --> 00:52:45,420
+أولي الأمر مرهونة بطاعة الله وطاعة رسول الله صلى
+
+503
+00:52:45,420 --> 00:52:49,420
+الله عليه وسلم وبدأت أيضًا بقوله تعالى يا أيها
+
+504
+00:52:49,420 --> 00:52:53,820
+الذين أمنوا بمعنى لابد أن يكون ولي الأمر من
+
+505
+00:52:53,820 --> 00:53:00,520
+المؤمنين ومن المسلمين وأن لا يكون كافراكما نرى في
+
+506
+00:53:00,520 --> 00:53:05,440
+هذه الأيام ولاء حكامنا وثعمائنا من العرب إلى
+
+507
+00:53:05,440 --> 00:53:11,170
+اليهودي وإلى الأمريكانوقد مر بنا في الشورة قبل
+
+508
+00:53:11,170 --> 00:53:17,850
+قليل وليّ جعل الله للكافرين على المؤمنين سبيلا نعم
+
+509
+00:53:17,850 --> 00:53:24,010
+أما الأحاديث النبوية فقوله عليه الصلاة والسلام من
+
+510
+00:53:24,010 --> 00:53:29,590
+أطاعني فقد أطاع الله ومن عصاني فقد عصى الله ومن
+
+511
+00:53:29,590 --> 00:53:34,150
+يطع الأميرة فقد أطاعني ومن يعص الأميرة فقد عصاني
+
+512
+00:53:34,150 --> 00:53:41,400
+هذا دليل على وجوبطاعة و لي الأمر أيضا و كذلك
+
+513
+00:53:41,400 --> 00:53:47,560
+الحديث و هذا الحديث يجيبنا أيضا على السؤال السابق
+
+514
+00:53:47,560 --> 00:53:55,450
+على المرء المسلم السمع و الطاعة فيما أحب و كرهنعم
+
+515
+00:53:55,450 --> 00:54:02,670
+فيما أحب وكره إلا أن يؤمر بمعصية فلا سماع ولا طاعة
+
+516
+00:54:02,670 --> 00:54:08,710
+أرأيتم هذا أيضا حديث دليل على أن طاعة ولي الأمر
+
+517
+00:54:08,710 --> 00:54:16,490
+ليست مطلقة بل مقيدة بطاعة الله ورسوله فإذا عصى
+
+518
+00:54:16,490 --> 00:54:22,400
+اللهفنضرب بكلامه عرضة الحائط على المرء المسلم
+
+519
+00:54:22,400 --> 00:54:29,560
+السمع والطاعة فيما أحب وكره إلا أن يؤمر بمعصية فلا
+
+520
+00:54:29,560 --> 00:54:40,320
+سمعة ولا طاعة طبعا هنا أرى أن هذا العنوان ليس
+
+521
+00:54:40,770 --> 00:54:46,690
+مناسبا فكان الأولى أن يرفع هذا الأنوان إلى العنوان
+
+522
+00:54:46,690 --> 00:54:55,770
+السابق عندما قال أدلة مشروعية
+
+523
+00:54:55,770 --> 00:55:01,770
+الطاعة كان الأولى أن يغير هذا العنوان بأنوان حكم
+
+524
+00:55:01,770 --> 00:55:06,710
+الطاعة لأن كل الأدلة السابقة تكلمت على حكم الطاعة
+
+525
+00:55:06,710 --> 00:55:12,280
+بمعنى على وجوب طاعة الإمامأما العنوان هنا فكان
+
+526
+00:55:12,280 --> 00:55:18,940
+الأولى أن يقول وظيفة الحاكم فإن الكلام الذي تحت
+
+527
+00:55:18,940 --> 00:55:22,520
+هذا العنوان لا يدل على حكم الطاعة لأن الأدلة
+
+528
+00:55:22,520 --> 00:55:26,420
+السابقة أيضًا تدل على حكم الطاعة وهي الوجوب كما
+
+529
+00:55:26,420 --> 00:55:30,460
+أسلفنا من الكتاب والصندوق أما العنوان هذا حكم
+
+530
+00:55:30,460 --> 00:55:36,380
+الطاعة كان الأولى أن يغير بعنوان تحت وظيفة الحاكم
+
+531
+00:55:36,380 --> 00:55:44,950
+ينظر فقهاء السياسةالشرعية طبعا وليس الرعية كما هنا
+
+532
+00:55:44,950 --> 00:55:52,210
+في الكتاب فهذا من الأخطاء الطبيعية التي لا يخلو
+
+533
+00:55:52,210 --> 00:55:57,150
+منها كتاب إلى أن تنصيب رئيس الدولة الإسلامية هو
+
+534
+00:55:57,150 --> 00:56:04,100
+واجب شرعي ولا قيام للدولة إلا بهومما يؤيد ذلك أن
+
+535
+00:56:04,100 --> 00:56:10,420
+وظيفته رأيتم أن وظيفة رئيس الدولة إذا الأولى بهذا
+
+536
+00:56:10,420 --> 00:56:17,660
+العنوان أن يكون وظيفة رئيس الدولة هي حراسة الدين
+
+537
+00:56:17,660 --> 00:56:24,540
+وسياسة الدنيا وهذا من أعظم المقولات التي ذكرها
+
+538
+00:56:24,540 --> 00:56:33,110
+الماوردي فيالأحكام السلطانية حراسة الدين وسياسة
+
+539
+00:56:33,110 --> 00:56:40,570
+الدنيا به هذه العبارة وجيزة وباليغة ومن أعظم ما
+
+540
+00:56:40,570 --> 00:56:46,590
+قيل في مهمته رئيس الدولة حراسة الدين وسياسة الدنيا
+
+541
+00:56:46,590 --> 00:56:51,900
+به المعنى ليست الدولة علمانية يعني لادينية و هذه
+
+542
+00:56:51,900 --> 00:56:57,360
+الوظيفة رأيتم اذا الحديث عن وظيفة الحاكم تنقسم الى
+
+543
+00:56:57,360 --> 00:57:06,620
+قسمين وظيفة دينية و وظيفة دنيوية وهنا معشر الطلاب
+
+544
+00:57:06,620 --> 00:57:13,460
+لابد ان تقفواعند التفريق بين الوظائف الدينية وبين
+
+545
+00:57:13,460 --> 00:57:17,720
+الوظائف الدينوية لأنه قد يأتيكم على شكل صح وخطأ أو
+
+546
+00:57:17,720 --> 00:57:23,220
+اغتيار متعدد فمن الأولى يعني من الوظائف الدينية
+
+547
+00:57:23,220 --> 00:57:28,910
+محاربة البدعةوالدعوات الباطلة والنظر في العبادات
+
+548
+00:57:28,910 --> 00:57:35,310
+الجماعية كالجمعي والحج والإعياد ومراقبتها ومن
+
+549
+00:57:35,310 --> 00:57:40,550
+الثانية يعني من الوظائف الدنيوية بناء مرافق الدولة
+
+550
+00:57:40,550 --> 00:57:45,810
+والحفاظ على الأمن فيها وتعيينالأجهزة الإدارية
+
+551
+00:57:45,810 --> 00:57:50,290
+والخدماتية والحفاظ على الأمن الداخلي بالقضاء على
+
+552
+00:57:50,290 --> 00:57:54,330
+الجرائم والقيام بأمور الصناعات والزراعات والتربية
+
+553
+00:57:54,330 --> 00:58:00,850
+والتعليم والصحة وغير ذلك إذا التفتوا أيها الطلاب
+
+554
+00:58:00,850 --> 00:58:06,870
+إلى هذه الوظائف والتفريق بينها فالوظائف إما دينية
+
+555
+00:58:07,720 --> 00:58:13,920
+مثل محاربة البدع وإقامة الجمعة والجماعات والأعياد
+
+556
+00:58:13,920 --> 00:58:21,730
+والمناسباتالى غير ذلك و الوظائف الدنياوية مثل
+
+557
+00:58:21,730 --> 00:58:27,710
+الأمن و الزراعة و الصناعة و التجارة و التربية و
+
+558
+00:58:27,710 --> 00:58:34,190
+التعليم و الصحة و الصحة الى غير ذلك فانتبهوا لأنه
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+559
+00:58:34,190 --> 00:58:40,290
+موضع سؤال حدود الطاعة هو ما ذكرته سابقا في التعريف
+
+560
+00:58:40,930 --> 00:58:46,290
+بمعنى هل طاعة الإمام أو طاعة الحاكم والرئيس أو
+
+561
+00:58:46,290 --> 00:58:53,650
+طاعة الأمر مطلقة بمعنى هو نبي معصوم لا يغطي لا
+
+562
+00:58:53,650 --> 00:58:59,430
+الكمال لله و العثمة لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم
+
+563
+00:58:59,430 --> 00:59:07,490
+قلت لكم إن طاعة ولي الأمر مقيدة بمدى امتثاله لشرع
+
+564
+00:59:07,490 --> 00:59:14,820
+اللهوقد مر بنا القرآن الكريم يا أيها الذين آمنوا
+
+565
+00:59:14,820 --> 00:59:20,320
+أطيعوا الله وأطيعوا الرسول وأقول الأمر منكم بمعنى
+
+566
+00:59:20,320 --> 00:59:25,740
+أن طاعة ولي الأمر مرهونة بطاعة الله وطاعة رسوله
+
+567
+00:59:25,740 --> 00:59:31,000
+فإذا عصى الله فلا طاعة لمخلوق في معصية الخالق
+
+568
+00:59:31,000 --> 00:59:36,520
+بدليلبقية الآية فإن تنازعتوا في شيء فاردوه إلى
+
+569
+00:59:36,520 --> 00:59:41,940
+الله والرسول ولم يقلوا إلى أول الأمر فأول الأمر قد
+
+570
+00:59:41,940 --> 00:59:48,020
+يحيدونا عن الكتاب وعن الصنعة وخد مربنا الحديث على
+
+571
+00:59:48,020 --> 00:59:52,660
+المرء المسلم السمع والطاعة فيما أحب وكره إلا أن
+
+572
+00:59:52,660 --> 01:00:00,560
+يؤمر بمعصية فلا سمعة ولا طاعة لماذا حدود الطاعةأو
+
+573
+01:00:00,560 --> 01:00:09,240
+لماذا طاعتوا ولي الأمر مقيدة حتى لا يتفرعنا نعم
+
+574
+01:00:09,240 --> 01:00:16,540
+حتى لا يتفرعنا وهنا جاء لنا الكتاب بمثال على فرعون
+
+575
+01:00:16,540 --> 01:00:23,240
+الذي قال انا ربكم الأعلى وما علمت لكم من إله غيري
+
+576
+01:00:23,240 --> 01:00:28,140
+وقال أليس لي ملك مصر و هذه الأنهار تجري من تحتي
+
+577
+01:00:28,140 --> 01:00:36,380
+أفلاتبصرون فاطاعوه فكانوا قوما فاسقين والعياذ
+
+578
+01:00:36,380 --> 01:00:41,020
+بالله و أهلكهم الله فلمّا آسفون انتقمنا منهم
+
+579
+01:00:41,020 --> 01:00:48,420
+فأغرقناكم فأغرقناهم أجمعين صدق الله العظيم و هكذا
+
+580
+01:00:48,420 --> 01:00:54,770
+نكون قد انتهينا من مساقة النظم الإسلاميةبالمبحثين
+
+581
+01:00:54,770 --> 01:01:00,190
+الأول والثاني من الفصل السادس أما المبحث الثالث
+
+582
+01:01:00,190 --> 01:01:05,870
+وما بعده الدولة في الإسلام فليست مطلوبة في
+
+583
+01:01:05,870 --> 01:01:11,570
+الامتحان نتمنى لكم طبعا النجاح و التوفيق وكل عام و
+
+584
+01:01:11,570 --> 01:01:15,130
+أنتم بخير والسلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwYDVehtFpV9OlrzbElYsCBI/l0SNNn3ciLE_raw.srt

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+1
+00:00:04,960 --> 00:00:07,700
+أعوذ بالله السمع العلي من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله
+
+2
+00:00:07,700 --> 00:00:11,480
+الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول
+
+3
+00:00:11,480 --> 00:00:16,600
+الله دائما وأبدا اللهم صلى على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله
+
+4
+00:00:16,600 --> 00:00:21,400
+وصحبه وسلم أجمعين أعزاء الطلاب قبل ذي بدء ورحبوا
+
+5
+00:00:21,400 --> 00:00:26,390
+بكمجميعا وأوحيكم بتحية الإسلام العظيم فالسلام الله
+
+6
+00:00:26,390 --> 00:00:31,990
+عليكم ورحمته وبركاته ما زلنا مع الفصل الثالث نظام
+
+7
+00:00:31,990 --> 00:00:39,220
+الأخلاق في الإسلام واليوم نكمل خصائصنظام الأخلاق
+
+8
+00:00:39,220 --> 00:00:44,920
+في الإسلام وقد سبق أن تكلمنا عن خاصتي التعميم
+
+9
+00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:50,960
+والتفصيل والشمول واليوم نكون على موعد مع بقية
+
+10
+00:00:50,960 --> 00:00:57,380
+المباحث ان شاء الله بدءا بالخاصية الثالثة الى وهي
+
+11
+00:00:57,780 --> 00:01:05,520
+أن الأخلاق ضابط لسلوك الإنسان وتصرفاته وهذا يعود
+
+12
+00:01:05,520 --> 00:01:11,240
+بنا إلى الوراء قليلا عندما تكلمنا عن مراحل توجيه
+
+13
+00:01:11,240 --> 00:01:18,180
+الخلق في النفس البشريته وقلنا بأن المراحل ثلاثة
+
+14
+00:01:18,180 --> 00:01:22,660
+مرتبة بعضها على بعض فالثانية
+
+15
+00:01:23,660 --> 00:01:29,960
+مرتبطة بالأولى والثالثة مرتبطة بالثانية والأولى
+
+16
+00:01:29,960 --> 00:01:35,980
+أما الأولى فهي التأثر بالخير أو الشر ماذا ينجم عن
+
+17
+00:01:35,980 --> 00:01:43,640
+ذلك وماذا يترتب على ذلك أن هذا الخلق إيجابا أو
+
+18
+00:01:43,640 --> 00:01:53,450
+سلبا يستقر في النفس البشرية ويرسخ فيهاويترتب على
+
+19
+00:01:53,450 --> 00:02:00,870
+هذا الرسوخ والاستقرار المرحلة الثالثة وهي انعكاس
+
+20
+00:02:00,870 --> 00:02:09,260
+هذا الخلق إيجابا او سلباصدقا أو كذبا، أمانة أو
+
+21
+00:02:09,260 --> 00:02:14,700
+خيانة، شجاعة أو جبنا، جودا أو كرما، إلى غير ذلك
+
+22
+00:02:14,700 --> 00:02:20,300
+كما سبقا ذكرنا في مجموعة الأخلاق الإيجابية ومجموعة
+
+23
+00:02:20,300 --> 00:02:25,800
+الأخلاق السلبية قلت يترتب على ذلك إن عكاس هذا
+
+24
+00:02:25,800 --> 00:02:32,520
+الخلق على تصرفات هذا الشخص وعلى سلوكياته
+
+25
+00:02:33,560 --> 00:02:40,420
+وعندنا في الكتاب حقيقة كلام جميل وقد سبق أن ذكرنا
+
+26
+00:02:40,420 --> 00:02:46,240
+بأن الإنسان لا يوصف بخلق ما إلا إذا انعكس هذا
+
+27
+00:02:46,240 --> 00:02:53,780
+الخلق على سلوكه وعلى تصرفاته وأنه لا يكفي كون
+
+28
+00:02:53,780 --> 00:03:01,350
+الخلق محدودا في ثنايا النفس البشريةوبناء على ذلك
+
+29
+00:03:01,350 --> 00:03:07,530
+وما في الكتاب كلام جميل يا ليتنا نرجع اليه فإن
+
+30
+00:03:07,530 --> 00:03:15,530
+الأخلاق هي ضابط ذاتي لحركة الإنسان وتصرفاته فإن
+
+31
+00:03:15,530 --> 00:03:24,230
+كانت أخلاقه إيجابية فلابد أن تكون سلوكيته وتصرفاته
+
+32
+00:03:24,230 --> 00:03:30,800
+إيجابيةوإن كانت العكس والعياذ بالله بأن كانت
+
+33
+00:03:30,800 --> 00:03:39,640
+أخلاقه سلبية فإن سلوكه وتصرفاته ستنطبع بهذا الطابع
+
+34
+00:03:39,640 --> 00:03:48,600
+لا محالة فإنه لا يتصور البخل مثلا ممن يتصف بالكرم
+
+35
+00:03:48,600 --> 00:03:58,310
+فالبخيل بخيل قد أمسك يده وقبض عليهافلا يمكن أن
+
+36
+00:03:58,310 --> 00:04:05,450
+يتصور البخلو ممن يتصفوا بالكرم لأن الكرميعطي و
+
+37
+00:04:05,450 --> 00:04:13,810
+يسكي و يضحي و يتصدع و ينفق على أهله و على أقربائه
+
+38
+00:04:13,810 --> 00:04:19,710
+و على الناس أجمعين كذلك لا يمكن أن تتصور الشجاعة
+
+39
+00:04:19,710 --> 00:04:26,870
+من من يتصف بالجبن و هكذا في جميع الأخلاق فهذا أمر
+
+40
+00:04:26,870 --> 00:04:33,890
+بدهي معروف و عليه فالإنسان الإيجابيهو ذو الأخلاق
+
+41
+00:04:33,890 --> 00:04:41,070
+الإيجابيته الحميدته لا يصدر عنه إلا ما هو إيجابي
+
+42
+00:04:41,070 --> 00:04:50,110
+لأن تصرفاته كلها محكومة ومرتبطة بأخلاقه الإيجابية
+
+43
+00:04:50,110 --> 00:04:59,130
+وبالتالي فأهدافه كلها نافعة ومشروعةوكذلك وسائله
+
+44
+00:04:59,130 --> 00:05:03,270
+التي يستخدمها في تحقيق هذه الأهداف هي الأخرى
+
+45
+00:05:03,270 --> 00:05:11,790
+إيجابية ومشروعة فالغاية النبيلة تحتاج إلى وسيلة
+
+46
+00:05:11,790 --> 00:05:20,680
+نبيلة والأهداف الإيجابية نعمهي طريقه للغاية
+
+47
+00:05:20,680 --> 00:05:30,120
+الإيجابية وهنا لابد أن نقف عند مبدأ خطير جدا اطلق
+
+48
+00:05:30,120 --> 00:05:39,740
+عليه مبدأ ميكافيلي وميكافيلي هذا صاحب كتاب الأمير
+
+49
+00:05:39,740 --> 00:05:47,090
+حدثني بعض أشياخيفي الجامعة الأردنية في الثمانينيات
+
+50
+00:05:47,090 --> 00:05:52,850
+عندما كنت أدرس عام سبعة و ثمانين الماجستير في
+
+51
+00:05:52,850 --> 00:06:01,210
+الجامعة الأردنية في عمان أن حكام الغرب وملوكهم
+
+52
+00:06:01,210 --> 00:06:10,020
+وامراءهم كانوا لا ينامون كنابليون مثلا الشهيرنعم
+
+53
+00:06:10,020 --> 00:06:16,840
+كانوا هؤلاء لا ينامون إلا وكتاب الأمير تحت وثادتهم
+
+54
+00:06:16,840 --> 00:06:26,140
+ميكافيل هذا صاحب كتاب الأمير هو صاحب هذه القاعدة
+
+55
+00:06:26,140 --> 00:06:35,020
+الشيطانية هو صاحب هذا المبدأ الغاية تبرر الوثيلة
+
+56
+00:06:35,850 --> 00:06:42,010
+نحن في الإسلام نكفر بهذا المبدأ فغايتنا شريفة
+
+57
+00:06:42,010 --> 00:06:52,090
+والوسيلة إلى تحقيقها شريفة فهذه الغاية الشيطانية
+
+58
+00:06:52,090 --> 00:06:59,090
+تتيح للفرد أن يستخدم أي توسيلة كانت لتحقيق هدفه
+
+59
+00:06:59,090 --> 00:07:07,160
+كما رأى اليوم في أمريكا وفي دول الغربوفي دولة
+
+60
+00:07:07,160 --> 00:07:13,960
+الاحتلال إسرائيل بين مزدوجين المزعومة يقتلون
+
+61
+00:07:13,960 --> 00:07:17,100
+ويغتصبون
+
+62
+00:07:17,100 --> 00:07:25,460
+ويحتلون البلاد ويسترقون الإباد هذا هو منطلقهم
+
+63
+00:07:25,460 --> 00:07:31,440
+الغاية تبرر الوسيلة وكم من مجازر في فلسطين على
+
+64
+00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:41,170
+أيدي اليهوددير ياسين وكفري قاسم وصبرا وشاتلة و
+
+65
+00:07:41,170 --> 00:07:46,770
+آلاف من الفلسطينين قد خُتلوا وذبحوا وأريقت دماؤهم
+
+66
+00:07:46,770 --> 00:07:54,210
+بل هجروامن يافة وحيفة و الرملة و اللد و المجدل و
+
+67
+00:07:54,210 --> 00:08:00,190
+الصدود نعم و سنعود اليها ان شاء الله ان عاجلا او
+
+68
+00:08:00,190 --> 00:08:06,390
+اجلا فما زال أباؤنا و أجدادنا يحتفظون بمفاتيح
+
+69
+00:08:06,390 --> 00:08:14,050
+دورهم هذه هي القاعدة اللعينة اللتي يؤمن بها أعداء
+
+70
+00:08:15,040 --> 00:08:20,840
+الحق وأعداء الحرية بل أعداء الإسلام والمسلمين
+
+71
+00:08:20,840 --> 00:08:26,000
+قاعدة Mecavilli صاحب كتاب الأمير الغاية تبرر
+
+72
+00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:33,880
+الوسيلة فسواء هذه الوسيلة كانت مشروعة أو غير
+
+73
+00:08:33,880 --> 00:08:40,980
+مشروعة وذلك لأن استخدام الوسائل غير المشروعة فيه
+
+74
+00:08:40,980 --> 00:08:49,770
+إضرار بمصالح الغيرفنحن نكفر بها ولا نؤمن بها فإن
+
+75
+00:08:49,770 --> 00:08:59,690
+الغاية الشريفة نصل إليها بوسيلةشريفة وهذا ما قرره
+
+76
+00:08:59,690 --> 00:09:06,150
+التشريع الإسلامي عندما منع الإضرار بالنفس والإضرار
+
+77
+00:09:06,150 --> 00:09:11,030
+بالناس وقد سبق أن ذكرنا هذا الحديث وهذا الحديث
+
+78
+00:09:11,030 --> 00:09:19,410
+سيتكرر في أكثر من موضع لا ضرر ولا درارهذا كلام
+
+79
+00:09:19,410 --> 00:09:25,470
+رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الذي لا ينطق عن الهوى
+
+80
+00:09:25,470 --> 00:09:31,930
+لا ضرر ولا درار ما معنى لا ضرر يعني أن تبدأ أنت
+
+81
+00:09:31,930 --> 00:09:39,010
+بالضرر ولا درار أن تقابل الضرر بضرر مثله ومن هنا
+
+82
+00:09:39,010 --> 00:09:49,310
+نلحظ ما أهمية هذه الخصةمن خصال نظام الأخلاق
+
+83
+00:09:49,310 --> 00:09:59,150
+بالإسلام أنها ضابط لسلوك الإنسان وتصرفاته لأن غاية
+
+84
+00:09:59,150 --> 00:10:04,850
+الإسلام وثنأتي إلى هذه القاعدة في محاضرة تالية إن
+
+85
+00:10:04,850 --> 00:10:13,680
+شاء الله هي جلب المصالحللناس ودرء المفاسد عن الناس
+
+86
+00:10:13,680 --> 00:10:19,620
+هذه هي أخلاق الإسلام والمسلمين وما انتشر الإسلام
+
+87
+00:10:19,620 --> 00:10:28,920
+إلا بالأخلاق نعم لم ينتشر الإسلام بالسيف وإنما
+
+88
+00:10:28,920 --> 00:10:36,820
+انتشر بالأخلاق ونحن نترنم دائما وأبدا مع أعظم بيت
+
+89
+00:10:36,820 --> 00:10:43,970
+شعر في العصر الحديثشعري أمير الشعراء شوقي انما
+
+90
+00:10:43,970 --> 00:10:49,930
+الأمم الأخلاق ما بقيت فإن هم ذهبت أخلاقهم ذهبوا
+
+91
+00:10:49,930 --> 00:10:54,830
+نعم أما رابعا من خصائص نظام الأخلاق في الإسلام
+
+92
+00:10:54,830 --> 00:11:01,150
+الثوابوالعقاب وهذا يعود بنا إلى الوراء قليلا عندما
+
+93
+00:11:01,150 --> 00:11:06,290
+تكلمنا عن مجموعة الأخلاق الإيجابية ومجموعة الأخلاق
+
+94
+00:11:06,290 --> 00:11:12,870
+السلبية وتكلمنا عن التعميم والتفصيل وقلنا بأن
+
+95
+00:11:12,870 --> 00:11:18,470
+الأخلاق إما أن تكون إيجابية وهي التي وردت على شكل
+
+96
+00:11:18,470 --> 00:11:25,390
+أوامر أو في معرض المدحوإما .. وإما أن تكون أخلاقا
+
+97
+00:11:25,390 --> 00:11:32,390
+سلبية وهي التي وردت على شكل نواهن أو في معرض الذنب
+
+98
+00:11:32,390 --> 00:11:43,570
+إذا الأخلاق هي أوامر ونواهن ومدح وذنب ومعنى الثواب
+
+99
+00:11:43,570 --> 00:11:51,070
+والعقاب أي أن الأخلاق الإيجابيةمن صدق و أمانة و
+
+100
+00:11:51,070 --> 00:11:58,030
+عفة و طهارة و شجاعة و كرم و بر للولدين و إحسان إلى
+
+101
+00:11:58,030 --> 00:12:02,890
+الجرء لغير ذلك من الأخلاق الإيجابية قد ارتبطت
+
+102
+00:12:02,890 --> 00:12:11,380
+بالثوابوأن الأخلاق السلبية من بخل و جبن و حقوق
+
+103
+00:12:11,380 --> 00:12:17,680
+للوالدين و السحر و قذف المؤمنات الغافلات و الإساءة
+
+104
+00:12:17,680 --> 00:12:22,660
+إلى الجار و الكذب و الغش في الصلاة إلى غير ذلك من
+
+105
+00:12:22,660 --> 00:12:29,950
+مجموعة الأخلاق السلبية فإنها مرتبطة بالعقابوهذا هو
+
+106
+00:12:29,950 --> 00:12:36,390
+قمة العدل ونضربه أولا مثالا عاما لارتباط الأخلاق
+
+107
+00:12:36,390 --> 00:12:43,810
+الإيجابية بالثواب وارتباط الأخلاق السلبية بالعقاب
+
+108
+00:12:43,810 --> 00:12:49,370
+وذلك في قول الله تبارك وتعالى ومن يطع الله ورسوله
+
+109
+00:12:49,370 --> 00:12:56,390
+يدخله جنات تجري من تحتها الأنهارخالدين فيها و ذلك
+
+110
+00:12:56,390 --> 00:13:00,830
+الفوز العظيم رأيتم في هذا الجزء من الآية الكريمة
+
+111
+00:13:00,830 --> 00:13:06,910
+قد ارتبطت الأخلاق الإيجابية و تمثلت هنا بطاعة الله
+
+112
+00:13:06,910 --> 00:13:13,450
+و طاعة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ارتبطت بالثواب
+
+113
+00:13:13,450 --> 00:13:20,270
+بجنات تجري من تحتها الأنهار و ذلك هو الفوز العظيم
+
+114
+00:13:21,110 --> 00:13:27,510
+وقوله تبارك وتعالى ومن يعص الله ورسوله ويتعد حدوده
+
+115
+00:13:27,510 --> 00:13:35,930
+فإنه مثال الأخلاق السلبية وهنا ارتبط بالعقابارتبط
+
+116
+00:13:35,930 --> 00:13:42,610
+بالنار وبئس القرار والعياذ بالله يدخله نارا خالدا
+
+117
+00:13:42,610 --> 00:13:48,930
+فيها وله عذاب مهين نأتي الآن حسب ترتيب الكتاب إلى
+
+118
+00:13:48,930 --> 00:13:55,070
+ضرب الأمثلة لارتباط الأخلاق الإيجابية بالثواب وأي
+
+119
+00:13:55,070 --> 00:14:00,450
+ثواب أعظم من جنة عرضها السماوات والأرض كما قال
+
+120
+00:14:00,450 --> 00:14:06,330
+الله تبارك وتعالى وسارعوا إلى مغفرة من ربكموجنة
+
+121
+00:14:06,330 --> 00:14:11,730
+عرضها السماوات والأرض أعدت للمتقين الذين ينفقون في
+
+122
+00:14:11,730 --> 00:14:16,470
+الصراء والدراء والكاذبين الغيظ والعافين عن الناس
+
+123
+00:14:16,470 --> 00:14:22,940
+والله يحب المحصنيننرى هنا كيف ارتبطت الأخلاق
+
+124
+00:14:22,940 --> 00:14:31,300
+الإيجابية من الإنفاق في سبيل الله ومن كظم الغيظ
+
+125
+00:14:31,300 --> 00:14:38,980
+ومن العفو عن الناس ومن الإحسان وكذلك التوبة إلى
+
+126
+00:14:38,980 --> 00:14:45,450
+الله كما هو بقيتهالآيات وسارعوا وهنا جاءت وسارعوا
+
+127
+00:14:45,450 --> 00:14:51,070
+لأن الأمر إلى الآخرة لأن الأمر إلى جنة عرضها
+
+128
+00:14:51,070 --> 00:14:56,050
+السماوات والأرض وعدة المتقين وهذا هو ديدن القرآن
+
+129
+00:14:56,050 --> 00:15:02,290
+الكريم عند الحديث عن الآخرة وعن الجنة فمرة يقول
+
+130
+00:15:02,290 --> 00:15:07,630
+الله كما في آياتنا هذه وسارعوا ومرة يقول فاستبقوا
+
+131
+00:15:07,630 --> 00:15:13,130
+الخيراتومرة ثالثة يقول وفي ذلك فليتنافس المتنافسون
+
+132
+00:15:13,130 --> 00:15:20,670
+أما إذا كان الأمر دنيويًا فإنه لا يحتاج إلى مصارعة
+
+133
+00:15:20,670 --> 00:15:27,690
+ولا يحتاج إلى سباق ولا يحتاج إلى تنافس امشي على
+
+134
+00:15:27,690 --> 00:15:36,120
+مهل فإن الله هو الخالقوإن الله هو الرازق وما خلقت
+
+135
+00:15:36,120 --> 00:15:41,080
+الجن والإنس إلا ليعبدون ما أريد منهم من الرزق وما
+
+136
+00:15:41,080 --> 00:15:46,140
+أريد أن يطعمون إن الله هو الرزاق ذو القوة المتين
+
+137
+00:15:46,140 --> 00:15:49,740
+وكذلك
+
+138
+00:15:49,740 --> 00:15:55,830
+قوله تبارك وتعالىهو الذي جعل لكم الأرض ذلولًا
+
+139
+00:15:55,830 --> 00:16:01,870
+فامشوا في مناكبها أرأيتم الفرق هنا و سارعوا إلى
+
+140
+00:16:01,870 --> 00:16:06,930
+مغفرة من ربكم في صورة آل عمران و في صورة الملك
+
+141
+00:16:06,930 --> 00:16:13,880
+فامشوا في مناكبها لا تحتاجوا إلى سرعةأو صباق أو
+
+142
+00:16:13,880 --> 00:16:21,240
+تنافس إنما يحتاج إلى أن تمشي و أن تأخذ بالأسباب و
+
+143
+00:16:21,240 --> 00:16:26,200
+أن تتوكل على رب الأرباب و لن تعود إلى بيتك إلا
+
+144
+00:16:26,200 --> 00:16:30,640
+بطعامك و شرابك كما أخبر عليه الصلاة والسلام في
+
+145
+00:16:30,640 --> 00:16:36,550
+الحديث الشريف لو توكلتم على الله حق توكلهلرزقكم
+
+146
+00:16:36,550 --> 00:16:43,070
+كما يرزق الطير تاخدوا خماسا وتروحوا بطانا وكذلك
+
+147
+00:16:43,070 --> 00:16:48,990
+قوله تبارك وتعالى إنما يوفى الصابرون أجرهم بغير
+
+148
+00:16:48,990 --> 00:16:55,270
+حساب فهنا ارتبطت الأخلاق الإيجابية المتمثلة بخلق
+
+149
+00:16:55,270 --> 00:17:03,730
+الصبر بالأجر العظيم والثواب الجزيلمن الله تبارك
+
+150
+00:17:03,730 --> 00:17:09,650
+وتعالى فهؤلاء الصابرون لا يعلموا أجورهم إلا الله
+
+151
+00:17:09,650 --> 00:17:16,170
+فهي مخبأة لهم يوم القيامة يفرحون بها وهذا يذكرنا
+
+152
+00:17:16,170 --> 00:17:23,810
+ونحن مقبلون على فريضة الصيام فالصيام أيضاالصوم ليه
+
+153
+00:17:23,810 --> 00:17:28,290
+وأنا أجزي به لا يعلم ثواب الصائمين أيضًا إلا الله
+
+154
+00:17:28,290 --> 00:17:35,490
+لماذا؟ لأن الصوم باب من أبوابي الصبر كذلك يقول
+
+155
+00:17:35,490 --> 00:17:43,110
+المصطفى صلى الله عليه وسلم وأما الأخلاق السلبية
+
+156
+00:17:43,110 --> 00:17:48,410
+والعياذ بالله فقد رطبطت بالعقابونأتي إلى بعض
+
+157
+00:17:48,410 --> 00:17:55,370
+الأمثلة كما في قوله تبارك وتعالى فتلك بيوتهم خاوية
+
+158
+00:17:55,370 --> 00:18:05,430
+بما ظلموا وتلك القرى أهلكناهم لما ظلموا إن الله
+
+159
+00:18:05,430 --> 00:18:15,580
+يمهل الظالم الله لا يهمل ولكن الله يهملفإذا أخذه
+
+160
+00:18:15,580 --> 00:18:23,400
+لم يفلته وكذلك أخذ ربك إذا أخذ القرى وهي ظالمة إن
+
+161
+00:18:23,400 --> 00:18:30,060
+أخذه أليم شديد وصدق الشاعر العربي لاتظلمن إذا ما
+
+162
+00:18:30,060 --> 00:18:36,300
+كنت مقتدرا فالظلم ترجع عقباه إلى الندم تنام عينك
+
+163
+00:18:36,300 --> 00:18:42,860
+والمظلوم منتبه يدعو عليك وعين الله لم تن�� فبيوتهم
+
+164
+00:18:42,860 --> 00:18:50,390
+خرابوهم إلى زوال إن عاجلًا أم آجلة ففي هذه الآية
+
+165
+00:18:50,390 --> 00:18:56,650
+الكريمة ومثيلاتهانرى أن الظلم وهو مثال الأخلاق
+
+166
+00:18:56,650 --> 00:19:02,770
+السلبية قدرتبط بالعقاب والعقاب يكون في الدنيا
+
+167
+00:19:02,770 --> 00:19:08,490
+ويكون في الآخرة وكذلك قوله تبارك وتعالى ويل لكل
+
+168
+00:19:08,490 --> 00:19:18,190
+همزة لمزة هؤلاء الذين يسخرون من الناس وينتقصون من
+
+169
+00:19:18,190 --> 00:19:27,420
+قدرهم إما بالكلاموإما بالإشارة وإما بتقليد مشيتهم
+
+170
+00:19:27,420 --> 00:19:32,220
+إن كان بهم عرج أو نحو ذلك وقد ذكرنا في صورة
+
+171
+00:19:32,220 --> 00:19:37,220
+الحجرات صورة الأداب يا أيها الذين أمنوا لا يصخر
+
+172
+00:19:37,220 --> 00:19:43,120
+قوم من قوم ولا تلمزوا أنفسكم ولا تنابزوا بالألقاب
+
+173
+00:19:43,120 --> 00:19:49,710
+اجتنبوا كثيرا من الظن ولاتجسسه فهذه كلها أخلاق
+
+174
+00:19:49,710 --> 00:19:58,730
+سلبية قدرتبطت بالعقاب والعياذ بالله ثم يختم لنا
+
+175
+00:19:58,730 --> 00:20:05,890
+زملائنا المؤلفون بحديث هو في الحقيقة طويل وكان
+
+176
+00:20:05,890 --> 00:20:11,790
+الأولى أن يأتي به كاملا لأن هذا الحديث هو عبارة عن
+
+177
+00:20:11,790 --> 00:20:19,950
+أنموذجين الأنموذج الأولهو ارتباط الأخلاق الإيجابية
+
+178
+00:20:19,950 --> 00:20:22,350
+بالثواب
+
+179
+00:20:23,080 --> 00:20:29,060
+والأنموذج الثاني هو ارتباط الأخلاق السلبية بالعقاب
+
+180
+00:20:29,060 --> 00:20:33,840
+والنار وبئس القرار والعياذ بالله وملخص الحديث
+
+181
+00:20:33,840 --> 00:20:39,220
+بطوله أن الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام سُئل عن امرأة
+
+182
+00:20:39,220 --> 00:20:49,880
+فقيرة تقيم صلاتها تصلي فرضها وتصوم شهرها وتتصدق
+
+183
+00:20:49,880 --> 00:20:57,250
+بالقليل من المالولكنها تحصن إلى جيرانها تحصن إلى
+
+184
+00:20:57,250 --> 00:21:02,890
+جيرانها الإحسان إلى الجار نعم إن الله كتب الإحسان
+
+185
+00:21:02,890 --> 00:21:09,150
+على كل شيء حتى مع البهيمة والحيوان كما أسلفنا كيف
+
+186
+00:21:09,150 --> 00:21:12,930
+أن الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام أخبرنا أن رجلا أدخله
+
+187
+00:21:12,930 --> 00:21:17,420
+الله الجنة بكلب ثقافةوأن امرأة أدخلها الله النار
+
+188
+00:21:17,420 --> 00:21:22,580
+بهرة حبستها حتى ماتت جوعا لا هي اتركتها تأكل من
+
+189
+00:21:22,580 --> 00:21:28,620
+خشاش الأرض و من رزق الله في الأرض ولا هي أطعمتها
+
+190
+00:21:28,620 --> 00:21:36,860
+هذا جزاء من يحصن إلى الحيوان فكيف جزاء من يحصن إلى
+
+191
+00:21:36,860 --> 00:21:41,080
+الإنسان فماذا قال عليه الصلاة والسلام هي من أهل
+
+192
+00:21:41,080 --> 00:21:45,100
+الجنة ان شاء اللههذا هو الأنموذج الأول ارتباط
+
+193
+00:21:45,100 --> 00:21:51,060
+الأخلاق الإيجابية بالجنة والثواب نعم والمثال
+
+194
+00:21:51,060 --> 00:21:54,900
+الثاني الذي ذُكر في الكتاب أنه عليه الصلاة والسلام
+
+195
+00:21:54,900 --> 00:22:00,830
+سُئل عن امرأة غنيةكانت تصوم النهار وتقوم الليل
+
+196
+00:22:00,830 --> 00:22:06,050
+وتكثر من الصدقة على الفقراء والمساكين والمحتاجين
+
+197
+00:22:06,050 --> 00:22:11,930
+ولكنها كانت تؤذي جيرانها كما ورد في بعض الروايات
+
+198
+00:22:11,930 --> 00:22:18,180
+بلسانهافقال عليه الصلاة والسلام هي من أهل النار
+
+199
+00:22:18,180 --> 00:22:23,520
+ونسأل الله السلامة والعافية رأيتم كيف ارتبطت هنا
+
+200
+00:22:23,520 --> 00:22:32,880
+الأخلاق السلبية بالعقاب والعياذ بالله خامسا من
+
+201
+00:22:32,880 --> 00:22:39,810
+قصائص نظام الأخلاق في الإسلامتلازم الأخلاق مع
+
+202
+00:22:39,810 --> 00:22:45,310
+الإيمان بالله سبحانه وتعالى والمقصود بالأخلاق هنا
+
+203
+00:22:45,310 --> 00:22:51,930
+الأخلاق الإيجابية لأن الأخلاق الإيجابية قد ارتبطت
+
+204
+00:22:51,930 --> 00:22:58,890
+بالإيمان بالله ��أن الأخلاق إذا ما ذُكرت مطلقة كما
+
+205
+00:22:58,890 --> 00:23:05,520
+قلت في أول محاضرة إنما يراد بهاوإنما تطلق على
+
+206
+00:23:05,520 --> 00:23:10,840
+الأخلاق الإيجابية وعند التفصيل كما قلنا الأخلاق
+
+207
+00:23:10,840 --> 00:23:16,560
+نوعان إيجابية وسلبية أما هنا فالمقصود هو بتلازم
+
+208
+00:23:16,560 --> 00:23:22,530
+الأخلاق الأخلاق الإيجابية وارتباطها وتلازمهامع
+
+209
+00:23:22,530 --> 00:23:28,190
+الإيمان بالله تبارك وتعالى وإليكم بعض الأمثلة
+
+210
+00:23:28,190 --> 00:23:32,810
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+211
+00:23:32,810 --> 00:23:40,370
+إلى مدتهم إن الله يحب المتقين وكان ذلك بعد فتح مكة
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+212
+00:23:40,370 --> 00:23:45,110
+أعطي المشركون أربعة أشهر فسيحوا في الأرض أربعة
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+213
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+214
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+215
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+الإيجابية و أوفوا بالعهد إن العهد كان مسئولا و في
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+216
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+217
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+
+218
+00:24:13,810 --> 00:24:20,970
+تلك العقود مع الناس حتى و لو كانت مع الكافرينحتى و
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+219
+00:24:20,970 --> 00:24:27,870
+لو كانت مع المشركين لابد من الوفاء بها فإذا ما كان
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+220
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+221
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+222
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+225
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+227
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+أسلفنا في الخصلة الرابعة لأن النفاق وهو يرمز إلى
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+228
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+229
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+230
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+231
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+232
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+233
+00:25:45,530 --> 00:25:50,770
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+235
+00:25:59,010 --> 00:26:08,290
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+236
+00:26:08,290 --> 00:26:13,510
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+237
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+مع الإيمان فأولئك مع المؤمنينو سوف يؤتي الله
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+238
+00:26:19,630 --> 00:26:26,510
+المؤمنين أجرا عظيمة و نختم قبل أن نرحل إلى المبحث
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+239
+00:26:26,510 --> 00:26:31,050
+الثالث بحديث الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام وهذا من
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+240
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+241
+00:26:38,530 --> 00:26:44,210
+في فلسطين وفي قطاع غزة على وجه الخصوص حيث العدو
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+242
+00:26:44,210 --> 00:26:50,950
+المحتل حيث الحصار الخانق المطبق الذي أحاط بنا
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+243
+00:26:50,950 --> 00:26:56,560
+إحاطة الصواري بالمأساةمن الجهات الأربعة برا وبحرا
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+244
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+245
+00:27:03,860 --> 00:27:08,860
+نتخلى عن الثوابت لكن نقول لعدونا على الرغم من كل
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+246
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+ذلك لن نزداد إلا إيمانا وثباتا ويقينا فنحن كما قال
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+247
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+اللهفي صحابة رسول الله الذين قال لهم الناس وإن
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+248
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+الناس قد جمعوا لكم فاخشوهم فزادهم إيمانا وقالوا
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+249
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+حسبنا الله ونعم الوكيل فالله حسبنا والله وكيلنا
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+250
+00:27:28,140 --> 00:27:33,730
+والله معنا فمن علينا نعمهنا نحن بحاجة إلى هذا
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+251
+00:27:33,730 --> 00:27:40,430
+الحديث والله لا يؤمن قالها ثلاثا لخطورة الأمر
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+252
+00:27:40,430 --> 00:27:46,110
+وأهمية الأمر والله لا يؤمن والله لا يؤمن والله لا
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+253
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+بالأمر التافه الحقيروإنما يأتي القسم في لغة العرب
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+255
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+للدلالة على أهمية الشيء المقسم به فانتبهت الصحابة
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+256
+00:28:06,210 --> 00:28:10,690
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+257
+00:28:10,690 --> 00:28:14,130
+يؤمن والله لا يؤمن والله لا يؤمن من يا رسول الله
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+258
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+قال من لم يأمن جاره بوائقه والعياذ بالله والبوائق
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+00:28:21,510 --> 00:28:27,810
+هي المهالكعلى وجه العموم أو الأذى كما في الحديث
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+260
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+الصحيح اجتنبوا السبع الموبقات يعني المهلكات وفي
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+261
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+رواية و الله لا يؤمن و الله لا يؤمن و الله لا يؤمن
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+262
+00:28:39,630 --> 00:28:45,830
+قيل من يا رسول الله قال من بات شبعنا وجاره جاءنعم
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+263
+00:28:45,830 --> 00:28:51,810
+نحن بحاجة إلى هذه الأخلاق الإيمانية إلى الأخلاق
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+264
+00:28:51,810 --> 00:28:59,490
+القرأنية نحن بحاجة إلى هذه الأخلاق السامية الرفيعة
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+265
+00:28:59,490 --> 00:29:09,800
+ان شاء اللهأما المبحث الثالث فهو بعنوان عناية
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+266
+00:29:09,800 --> 00:29:17,220
+الإسلام بالأخلاق وأثرها على النفس البشرية إذا نحن
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+267
+00:29:17,220 --> 00:29:25,580
+هنا سنتحدث عن عنوان ثلاثة وليس عن عنوانين العنوان
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+268
+00:29:25,580 --> 00:29:31,010
+الأول عناية الإسلام بالأخلاقأما أثرها على النفس
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+269
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+البشرية فسوف ينقسم إلى عنوانين العنوان الأول تقييد
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+270
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+استخدام الحق ومنع التعصف فيهتقييد استخدام الحق
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+271
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+ومنع أو عدم التعصف فيه وسوف نتكلم ثانيا عن
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+272
+00:29:52,290 --> 00:30:00,450
+المحافظة على مبدأ التكافل الاجتماعي الآن نأتي إلى
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+273
+00:30:00,450 --> 00:30:09,610
+العنوان الأول ما هي مظاهر عناية الإسلام بالأخلاق
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+274
+00:30:09,610 --> 00:30:16,680
+أولاعند آيات القرآن الكريم جاءت ممتزجة بقواعد
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+275
+00:30:16,680 --> 00:30:23,160
+الأخلاق ممتزجة يعني مرتبطة بقواعد الأخلاق وقواعد
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+276
+00:30:23,160 --> 00:30:28,040
+الأخلاق سبق أن تكلمنا عن بعضها عندما تكلمنا عن
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+277
+00:30:28,040 --> 00:30:33,000
+الخاصية الأولى من خصائص نظام الأخلاق في الإسلام
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+278
+00:30:33,000 --> 00:30:37,700
+وهي التعميم والتفصيل تكلمنا عن التعميم وقلنا هي
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+279
+00:30:37,700 --> 00:30:45,160
+ورود الأخلاق على شكل قواعدةعامة كلية وضربنا لكم
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+280
+00:30:45,160 --> 00:30:49,500
+الأمثال في قوله تبارك وتعالى وتعاونوا على البر
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+281
+00:30:49,500 --> 00:30:53,960
+والتقوى ولا تعاونوا على الإثم والعدوان وقلنا بأن
+
+282
+00:30:53,960 --> 00:31:01,330
+البر هو قاعدة أخلاقية إيجابية كلية عامةوهي ترمز
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+283
+00:31:01,330 --> 00:31:09,370
+إلى كل فعل أو عمل أو قول إيجابي يصدر من الشخص سواء
+
+284
+00:31:09,370 --> 00:31:18,430
+تجاه نفسه أو تجاه غيره نعم فهنا ارتب��توامتزجت آيات
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+285
+00:31:18,430 --> 00:31:24,630
+القرآن الكريم بقواعد الأخلاق طبعا الإيجابية وهنا
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+286
+00:31:24,630 --> 00:31:29,030
+نأتي إلى مثال أخر وهو قوله تبارك وتعالى وقاتلوا في
+
+287
+00:31:29,030 --> 00:31:34,670
+سبيل الله الذين يقاتلونكم ولا تعتدوا إن الله لا
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+288
+00:31:34,670 --> 00:31:39,590
+يحب المهتدين هذه هي أخلاق الحرب في الإسلام وآداب
+
+289
+00:31:39,590 --> 00:31:47,990
+الحرب في الإسلام حتى مع الأعداءنحن لا نباغتهم كما
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+290
+00:31:47,990 --> 00:31:55,590
+قلت في الأول إذا كان هناك نقض للعهد فلابد لإعلامهم
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+291
+00:31:55,590 --> 00:32:01,630
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+
+292
+00:32:01,630 --> 00:32:09,270
+نعتدي و قلت سيأتي معنا قوله تبارك وتعالى أيضا و إن
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+293
+00:32:09,270 --> 00:32:15,000
+عاقبتم فعاقبوا بمثل ما عقبتم بهوصناعت إلى الآية
+
+294
+00:32:15,000 --> 00:32:19,840
+الثانية في موضوعها ان شاء الله فمن اعتدى عليكم
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+295
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+فاعتدوا عليه بمثل ما اعتدى عليكم هذه أخلاق الحرب
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+296
+00:32:24,740 --> 00:32:30,140
+في الإسلام ونحن ندرسها بالتفصيل في كلية الشريعة في
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+297
+00:32:30,140 --> 00:32:38,110
+كتاب العلاقات الدولية كما سماهاأبوظهره أو العلاقات
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+298
+00:32:38,110 --> 00:32:44,770
+الخارجية كما سماها غيره نعم ولا تعتدوا فالعدوان
+
+299
+00:32:44,770 --> 00:32:52,430
+خلق سلبي يتنافى مع الإيمان بالله ويتنافى مع قواعد
+
+300
+00:32:52,430 --> 00:32:58,470
+الأخلاق نعم وكذلك هنا
+
+301
+00:33:01,360 --> 00:33:06,920
+قوله تبارك وتعالى وأنفقوا في سبيل الله ولا تلقوا
+
+302
+00:33:06,920 --> 00:33:12,180
+بأيديكم إلى التهلك وأحسنوا إن الله يحب المحسنين
+
+303
+00:33:12,180 --> 00:33:17,410
+فهذا كلام الله تبارك وتعالىو هذه آيات الله تبارك
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+304
+00:33:17,410 --> 00:33:24,030
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+
+305
+00:33:24,030 --> 00:33:32,090
+سبيل الله و ثانيا الجهاد في سبيل الله و ثالثا
+
+306
+00:33:32,090 --> 00:33:39,570
+الإحسان كما قلنا إلى الناسأجمعين حتى إلى غير الناس
+
+307
+00:33:39,570 --> 00:33:47,590
+من الكائنات الأخرى من طير و حيوان و نحو ذلك و هذه
+
+308
+00:33:47,590 --> 00:33:53,910
+الآية قد تفهم على غير معناها فإذا أراد شخص أن
+
+309
+00:33:53,910 --> 00:33:59,150
+يجاهد في سبيل الله فإنه يقال له و لا تلقوا بأيديكم
+
+310
+00:33:59,150 --> 00:34:09,450
+إلى التهلك و هذه الآية لها قصة في فتحتركيا او
+
+311
+00:34:09,450 --> 00:34:18,030
+استنبول والتي كانت تسمى بالقستنطينية التي قامت على
+
+312
+00:34:18,030 --> 00:34:23,830
+انقاض البيزنطية والأتراك اليوم يحبون الصحابية
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+313
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+الجليل أبا أيوب الأنصاري لأن قبره في العاصمة
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+314
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+استنبول او اسمها اسلامبوللأنها لم تفتح في عهد
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+317
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+ذات أسوار وإنما فتحت من مضيق البصفور عبر البحروكان
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+318
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+أول من استخدم النار الإغريقية وأجر السفن على ألواح
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+319
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+الخشب بعد أن دهنها بالزيت ولمّا فتح محمد الفاتح
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+320
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+القسطنطينية سماها اسلام بول واسلام بول بلغة
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+الأتراك القديمة معناها دولة الإسلامواليوم يقولون
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+استنبول أو استنبول بالتائي او بالطاق وهي في
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+323
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+الحقيقة اسلامبول بمعنى دولة الإسلامفإذا جبنا
+
+324
+00:35:44,180 --> 00:35:49,680
+المسلمون عن الجهاد في سبيل الله بأموالهم وأنفسهم
+
+325
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+إ��ما هو حقيقة إلقاء النفس في التهلكة فمعنى قوله
+
+326
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+تبارك وتعالى ولا تلقوا بأيديكم إلى التهلكة بمعنى
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+327
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+إذا امتنعتم عن الجهاد في سبيل الله إما بالنفس أو
+
+328
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+بالانفاق فإنما تهلكون أنفسكم هذامظهر من مظاهر
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+329
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+امتزاج وارتباط آيات القرآن الكريم بقواعد الأخلاق
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+330
+00:36:22,610 --> 00:36:28,920
+ثانيا امر القرآن الكريم بالخلق الحسنبالخلق
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+331
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+الإيجابي أمرا مباشرا في كثير من آياته وقد تكلمنا
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+332
+00:36:35,720 --> 00:36:39,820
+في مجموعة الأخلاق السلبية مثل قوله تعالى يا أيها
+
+333
+00:36:39,820 --> 00:36:46,720
+الذين أمنوا اتقوا الله وكونوا مع الصادقين وكونوا
+
+334
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+أمروالأمر يفيد أخلاقا إيجابية كما عرفنا الأخلاق
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+335
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+الإيجابية بأنها ورود الأخلاق على شكل أوامر أو في
+
+336
+00:37:00,840 --> 00:37:06,320
+معرض المدح وكذلك قوله تبارك وتعالى يا أيها الذين
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+337
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+أمنوا استعينوا بالصبر والصلاةوكذلك قوله تبارك
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+338
+00:37:10,800 --> 00:37:13,920
+تعالى يا أيها الذين أمنوا صبروا وصابروا ورابطوا
+
+339
+00:37:13,920 --> 00:37:19,360
+واتقوا الله لعلكم تفلحون وكذلك قوله وقد مر بنا قبل
+
+340
+00:37:19,360 --> 00:37:24,520
+قليل وأوفوا بالعهد إن العهد كان مسئول وأتموا إليهم
+
+341
+00:37:24,520 --> 00:37:31,420
+عهدهم إلى مدتهم نعم إن الله يحبهمالمتقين ثالثا من
+
+342
+00:37:31,420 --> 00:37:38,420
+مظاهر عناية الإسلام بالأخلاق أيضا أن رسالة محمد
+
+343
+00:37:38,420 --> 00:37:45,800
+عليه الصلاة والسلام هي خاتمة أو خاتمة الرسالات
+
+344
+00:37:45,800 --> 00:37:51,220
+السماوية ومتممة لمكارم الأخلاق كما قال عليه الصلاة
+
+345
+00:37:51,220 --> 00:37:59,250
+والسلام انما بعثت لأتمم مكارم الأخلاق وهذامن بلاغة
+
+346
+00:37:59,250 --> 00:38:03,370
+الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام وعلّم كما لم تكن تعلم
+
+347
+00:38:03,370 --> 00:38:08,130
+وكان فضل الله عليك عظيمة فالرسول عليه السلام لم
+
+348
+00:38:08,130 --> 00:38:14,290
+يهدم أخلاق الجاهلية وإنما هدم فقط الأخلاق السلبية
+
+349
+00:38:14,290 --> 00:38:25,090
+من شرك وكفر وعصبية جاهلية وزنا وربا
+
+350
+00:38:27,410 --> 00:38:33,470
+والغارات والصراعات التي كانت من القبائل الكبيرة
+
+351
+00:38:33,470 --> 00:38:38,050
+على القبائل الصغيرة فكانوا قبل الإسلام في جاهلية
+
+352
+00:38:38,050 --> 00:38:44,610
+جهلاء وضلالة عمياء كالحيتان في البحر يقتتلون لأتفه
+
+353
+00:38:44,610 --> 00:38:50,530
+الأسباب وما حرب البسوس عنا ببعيد أربعين عاما من
+
+354
+00:38:50,530 --> 00:38:57,440
+أجل ناخة فجاء الإسلام فأخرجهم الله بهو أخرجنا به
+
+355
+00:38:57,440 --> 00:39:04,080
+من الظلمات إلى النور و من الضلالة إلى الهدى نعم
+
+356
+00:39:04,080 --> 00:39:12,860
+فكننا سادة البشر بعد أن كنا رعاة غنم و بقر فهناك
+
+357
+00:39:12,860 --> 00:39:20,610
+أيضا كانت أخلاقا إيجابية مثل الشجاعةوحُكامنا في
+
+358
+00:39:20,610 --> 00:39:24,790
+هذه الأيام أحوج ما يكونوا إلى هذه الأخلاق إلى
+
+359
+00:39:24,790 --> 00:39:28,290
+أخلاق أبي جهل و أبي لهم حتى و لو كانت أخلاقا
+
+360
+00:39:28,290 --> 00:39:34,950
+جاهلية كان شعارهم تموت الحرة ولا تأكل بسديها وكان
+
+361
+00:39:34,950 --> 00:39:43,440
+شعارهم أنصر أخاك ظالما أو مظلوما وكان شعارهملا
+
+362
+00:39:43,440 --> 00:39:48,020
+يسألون أخاهم حين يندبهم في النائبات على ما قال
+
+363
+00:39:48,020 --> 00:39:56,060
+برهانة وكان شعارهم وهو من شعر عنطرة بن شدان وأغض
+
+364
+00:39:56,060 --> 00:40:01,420
+طرفي إن بدت لي جارتي حتى يواري جارتي مأواها رأيتم
+
+365
+00:40:01,420 --> 00:40:04,760
+كيف وصل بنا الحال؟ ولذلك الرسول عليه الصلاة
+
+366
+00:40:04,760 --> 00:40:11,920
+والسلام قال إنما بعثت لأتمم مكارمة الأخلاقفهو لم
+
+367
+00:40:11,920 --> 00:40:18,940
+يهدم أخلاق الجاهلية كلها وإنما جاء ليتممها صلى
+
+368
+00:40:18,940 --> 00:40:24,980
+الله عليه وسلم كيف لا وقد قال الله تبارك وتعالى
+
+369
+00:40:24,980 --> 00:40:33,970
+وإنك لعلى خلق عظيمرأيتم لعلى واللام هنا تفيده وعلى
+
+370
+00:40:33,970 --> 00:40:39,990
+الاستعلاء فهو فوق الأخلاق وكأن الرسول عليه السلام
+
+371
+00:40:39,990 --> 00:40:49,680
+هو أصل الأخلاق ومركزه الأخلاق والناس إنمايأخذون
+
+372
+00:40:49,680 --> 00:40:54,900
+هذه الأخلاق من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وإنك
+
+373
+00:40:54,900 --> 00:41:00,280
+لعلى خلق عظيم لم يوصف بها نبي من الأنبياء وصف كل
+
+374
+00:41:00,280 --> 00:41:09,620
+نبي بصفة مثل أيوب إن وجدناه صابراً نعم العبد إنه
+
+375
+00:41:09,620 --> 00:41:15,200
+أوام موسى عليه السلام قالت يا أبى استأجره إن خير
+
+376
+00:41:15,200 --> 00:41:20,780
+من استأجرت القوي الأمينيُصف عليه السلام اجعلني على
+
+377
+00:41:20,780 --> 00:41:26,520
+خزائن الأرض إني حفيظ عليم طالوت إن الله أصطفاه
+
+378
+00:41:26,520 --> 00:41:31,720
+عليكم وزاده بسطة في الألم الجسم إلى غير ذلك أما
+
+379
+00:41:31,720 --> 00:41:37,360
+النبي عليه السلام فقد وصف بمجموع هذه الأخلاق فكل
+
+380
+00:41:37,360 --> 00:41:43,400
+هذه الأخلاق فيه كل أخلاق الأنبياء فيه فهو أصلها
+
+381
+00:41:43,400 --> 00:41:49,230
+ومركزها وإشعاعهاوهذا ما يميز الرسول عن غيره من
+
+382
+00:41:49,230 --> 00:41:54,310
+الأنبياء ولذا قال الله تعالى وإنك لعلى خلق عظيم
+
+383
+00:41:54,310 --> 00:42:02,650
+صلى الله عليه وسلم رابعا جعلت الأخلاق الفاضلة سببا
+
+384
+00:42:02,650 --> 00:42:09,940
+لدخول الجنة نعموقد سبق أن تلونا من صورة أهل عمران
+
+385
+00:42:09,940 --> 00:42:15,120
+قول الله تبارك وتعالى و سارعوا ووقفنا عند قوله
+
+386
+00:42:15,120 --> 00:42:21,100
+وسارعوا لأن الأمر يحتاج إلى مسارعة لا نوم ولا كسل
+
+387
+00:42:21,100 --> 00:42:26,980
+ولا بطء لأن الأمر يتعلق بالجنة ويتعلق بالآخرةألا
+
+388
+00:42:26,980 --> 00:42:31,240
+إن الجنة عروس ومهرها العمل الصالح فهل من خاطب
+
+389
+00:42:31,240 --> 00:42:36,580
+وسارعوا إلى مغفرة من ربكم وجنة عرضها السماوات
+
+390
+00:42:36,580 --> 00:42:43,550
+والأرض وعدت للمتقين فالأخلاق الإيجابيةطريق إلى
+
+391
+00:42:43,550 --> 00:42:48,890
+الجنة وسبب إلى الجنة من هؤلاء الذين ينفقون في
+
+392
+00:42:48,890 --> 00:42:53,710
+الصراء والضراء والكاظمين الغيظ والعفين عن الناس
+
+393
+00:42:53,710 --> 00:42:58,570
+والله يحب المحسنين والذين إذا فعلوا فحشة أو ظلموا
+
+394
+00:42:58,570 --> 00:43:02,590
+أنفسهم ذكروا الله فاستغفروا لذنوبهم ومن يغفل
+
+395
+00:43:02,590 --> 00:43:06,730
+الذنوب إلا الله ولم يصروا على ما فعلوا وهم يعلمون
+
+396
+00:43:06,730 --> 00:43:12,120
+كذلك بيانوا فضل مكارم الأخلاقوكنت أود أن يكون
+
+397
+00:43:12,120 --> 00:43:20,320
+خامسا ورابعا في عنوان واحد لأن النتيجة واحدة
+
+398
+00:43:20,320 --> 00:43:27,020
+فالأخلاق الفاضلة وهنا مكارم الأخلاق سبب في دخول
+
+399
+00:43:27,020 --> 00:43:31,560
+الجنة أيضا فالرسول عليه السلام يقول البر حصن الخلق
+
+400
+00:43:31,560 --> 00:43:37,030
+نعم والبر كما قلنا من قواعد الأخلاق الإيجابيةفي
+
+401
+00:43:37,030 --> 00:43:41,070
+قوله و تعابنوا على البر و التقوى و قوله تبارك
+
+402
+00:43:41,070 --> 00:43:46,770
+وتعالى إن الأبرار لفي نعيم و الأبرار لفي نعيم يعني
+
+403
+00:43:46,770 --> 00:43:53,700
+أنهم في جنات النعيم فخامسا و رابعايدمجان في عنوان
+
+404
+00:43:53,700 --> 00:44:00,160
+واحد أن الأخلاق الفاضلة من البر وحسن الخلق وانفاق
+
+405
+00:44:00,160 --> 00:44:06,380
+في سبيل الله إلى غير ذلك سبب وطريق إلى دخول الجنة
+
+406
+00:44:06,380 --> 00:44:10,740
+فالله يقول وثارعوا إلى مغفرة من ربكم وهنا يقول أن
+
+407
+00:44:10,740 --> 00:44:17,100
+الأبرار في نعيم أي أن البر سبب في دخول جنات النعيم
+
+408
+00:44:17,100 --> 00:44:23,360
+كذلك بيّن التشريع الإسلاميأن الإيمان لا يكمله إلا
+
+409
+00:44:23,360 --> 00:44:30,440
+بحسن الخلق وهذا يا إخوان الكرام هو ما سبق أن تكلمت
+
+410
+00:44:30,440 --> 00:44:38,540
+عنه عند حديث المرأة التي كانت تقوم الليلوتصوم
+
+411
+00:44:38,540 --> 00:44:44,300
+النهار وكانت تتصدق بالكثير من الأموال ولكن الدينة
+
+412
+00:44:44,300 --> 00:44:50,940
+المعاملة كانت تثيئ إلى جيرانها كان لسانها حادا
+
+413
+00:44:50,940 --> 00:44:56,700
+كالشفرة كانت تؤذي جيرانها ببذيء القول وفحش الكلام
+
+414
+00:44:56,700 --> 00:45:00,380
+والعياذ بالله فماذا قال النبي الذي لا ينطق عن
+
+415
+00:45:00,380 --> 00:45:04,720
+الهوى عليه الصلاة والسلام هي في النار وبئس القرار
+
+416
+00:45:04,720 --> 00:45:12,120
+نعم وهنا نقولأن الإيمان لا يكمل إلا بحسن الخلق
+
+417
+00:45:12,120 --> 00:45:16,740
+والله لا يكمل بكثير صوم أو صلاة في حسب إلا بحسن
+
+418
+00:45:16,740 --> 00:45:21,640
+الخلق ويقول في هذا النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام أكمل
+
+419
+00:45:21,640 --> 00:45:28,360
+المؤمنين إيمانا أحسنهم خلقاكما بيّنت الشريعة
+
+420
+00:45:28,360 --> 00:45:34,060
+الإسلامية أن الأخلاق الإيجابية يعني الفاضلة الحسنة
+
+421
+00:45:34,060 --> 00:45:39,980
+هي من أفقله ما يوضع في ميزان حسنات الإنسان يوم
+
+422
+00:45:39,980 --> 00:45:47,200
+الحساب وما أحوجك يا مسكين إلى حسنة تسقل بها ميزانك
+
+423
+00:45:47,200 --> 00:45:56,430
+هناك الأعرافوعلى الأعراف رجال تساوت كفتي الميزان
+
+424
+00:45:56,430 --> 00:46:03,790
+تساوت حسناتهم وسيئاتهم فما أحوجك إلى حسنة يوم
+
+425
+00:46:03,790 --> 00:46:11,360
+يخزنك أبوك وأمك وابنك يوم لا ينفع مال ولا بنونإلا
+
+426
+00:46:11,360 --> 00:46:15,840
+من أتى الله بقلب سليم يوم يفر المرء من أخيه و أمه
+
+427
+00:46:15,840 --> 00:46:20,120
+و أبيه و صاحبته بنيه حتى عيسى المسيح عليه السلام
+
+428
+00:46:20,120 --> 00:46:24,720
+يفر من أمه مريم يوم القيامة لكل مرئ منهم يوم إذا
+
+429
+00:46:24,720 --> 00:46:31,980
+شأن يغنيه فما أحوجك إلى أخلاق إيجابية حسنة فاضلة
+
+430
+00:46:31,980 --> 00:46:38,170
+تسقل بها موازينكوصلق رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم
+
+431
+00:46:38,170 --> 00:46:43,490
+أثقل ما يوضع في الميزان يوم القيامة تقوى الله وحسن
+
+432
+00:46:43,490 --> 00:46:49,830
+الخلق ثم نختم من مظاهر توجيه الخلق في النفس
+
+433
+00:46:49,830 --> 00:46:52,230
+البشرية نعم
+
+434
+00:46:54,460 --> 00:47:00,340
+أنه يكون بجوار رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وأين
+
+435
+00:47:00,340 --> 00:47:05,080
+الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام؟ إنه في الفردوس الأعلى
+
+436
+00:47:06,850 --> 00:47:12,410
+مع النبيين والصديقين والشهداء والصالحين وحصن أولئك
+
+437
+00:47:12,410 --> 00:47:17,790
+رفيقة في مقعد صدق عند مليك مقتدر في جنة عرضها
+
+438
+00:47:17,790 --> 00:47:23,430
+السماوات والعرض ما لا عين رأت ولا أذن سمعت ولا خطر
+
+439
+00:47:23,430 --> 00:47:28,670
+على قلب بشر نعم إذا أردت أن تكون بجوار رسول الله
+
+440
+00:47:28,670 --> 00:47:35,010
+وبقرب رسول الله فما عليك إلا أن تتمثلبأخلاق رسول
+
+441
+00:47:35,010 --> 00:47:40,610
+الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إن من أحبكم إلي و أقربكم
+
+442
+00:47:40,610 --> 00:47:48,370
+مني مجلسا يوم القيامة أحسنكم خلقا نعم هكذا هي
+
+443
+00:47:48,370 --> 00:47:54,050
+مظاهر عناية الإسلام بالأخلاق
+
+444
+00:47:55,520 --> 00:48:01,000
+أما العنوان الثاني فهو أثر الأخلاقي على النفس
+
+445
+00:48:01,000 --> 00:48:05,200
+البشرية وقد قلنا إن هذا العنوان ينقسم إلى عنوانين
+
+446
+00:48:05,200 --> 00:48:11,500
+أو يتمثل فيه أمرين أولا تقييد استخدام الحق ومنع
+
+447
+00:48:11,500 --> 00:48:16,440
+التعصف فيه والاعتداء على حقوق الغير وثانيا
+
+448
+00:48:16,440 --> 00:48:22,920
+المحافظة على مبدأ التكافل الاجتماعيو تأصيله في
+
+449
+00:48:22,920 --> 00:48:28,880
+النفس و سنأتي إلى بيان ذلك أما تقييد استخدام الحق
+
+450
+00:48:28,880 --> 00:48:37,040
+ومنع التعاصف فيه فإن الحق في الإسلام ليس مطلقا حتى
+
+451
+00:48:37,040 --> 00:48:44,540
+و لو كنت أنت صاحب الحق حتى و لو كنت أنت صاحب الملك
+
+452
+00:48:44,540 --> 00:48:54,360
+فلو كنت تسكن مثلا في دارفليس لك أن تفتح طاقة في
+
+453
+00:48:54,360 --> 00:49:05,000
+جدارك حتى تكشف سوءات الآخرين أو حتى تنظر إلى عورات
+
+454
+00:49:05,000 --> 00:49:13,820
+الجيران ثم بعد ذلك تظن أنك في بيتك أو أنك في ملكك
+
+455
+00:49:13,820 --> 00:49:20,460
+و كذلك لا يجب لك أن تفتح المذيعوإن كان .. وإن كنت
+
+456
+00:49:20,460 --> 00:49:26,560
+في دارك وكان المزيار ملكك فوق طاقتك حتى تزعج
+
+457
+00:49:26,560 --> 00:49:32,680
+المرضى و النائمين من جيرانك و لا يحل لك أن تحفر
+
+458
+00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:37,300
+أمام بيتك حفرة و تقول هذا في داري و في بيتي و في
+
+459
+00:49:37,300 --> 00:49:42,780
+ملكي حتى لاقع فيه الناس و المارة كذلك لا يحل لك أن
+
+460
+00:49:42,780 --> 00:49:50,480
+تربط كلبا مثلاعزكم الله يعوي وينبح ويؤذي الناس
+
+461
+00:49:50,480 --> 00:49:57,300
+ويطاردوا الأطفال ويخيفوا النساء والصغار كذلك لا
+
+462
+00:49:57,300 --> 00:50:05,680
+يحق لك أن تقتنع مثلا مزارعوهذا ما نقع فيه اليوم
+
+463
+00:50:05,680 --> 00:50:11,440
+بين الدور والمساكن والبيئة الجميلة نرى مسارع
+
+464
+00:50:11,440 --> 00:50:15,860
+للدواجن أو مسارع للأغنام أو الأبقار يعني اعزكم
+
+465
+00:50:15,860 --> 00:50:22,850
+الله فالروائح الكريه المنتنةو خاصة في فصل الصيف
+
+466
+00:50:22,850 --> 00:50:27,990
+تؤذي الناس فهذا لا يصح انما يكونوا في المناطق
+
+467
+00:50:27,990 --> 00:50:32,370
+البعيدة في أطراف المدينة والتي نسميها اليوم
+
+468
+00:50:32,370 --> 00:50:39,710
+المناطق او المدن الصناعية فالإسلام حافظ على حقوق
+
+469
+00:50:39,710 --> 00:50:47,830
+الغيرعلى أعراضهم وقد شرع للحفاظ على الأرض حد الزنا
+
+470
+00:50:47,830 --> 00:50:58,110
+والدين كذلك بحد الردة والعقول بحد الخمر والدماء
+
+471
+00:50:58,110 --> 00:51:04,970
+بالقصاص والأموال بحد السرقة وإذا نرى الإمام
+
+472
+00:51:04,970 --> 00:51:11,450
+الشاطبيرحمه الله شيخ المقاصد في كتابه الموافقات
+
+473
+00:51:11,450 --> 00:51:19,050
+ينظم لنا قاعدة صمت لدى علماء المسلمين بالقاعدة
+
+474
+00:51:19,050 --> 00:51:27,850
+الذهبية ألا وهي أن حق الغير محافظ عليه شرعا أقول
+
+475
+00:51:27,850 --> 00:51:35,370
+والله صدق سلفنا الصالح صدق علماؤنا الأوائلحقا انها
+
+476
+00:51:35,370 --> 00:51:43,010
+قاعدة ذهبية ان حق الغير محافظ عليه شرعا فلا يصح
+
+477
+00:51:43,010 --> 00:51:52,890
+اذاؤه في نفسه او في ماله او الاعتداء عليه نعم و
+
+478
+00:51:52,890 --> 00:52:02,870
+صنعت الان الى امثلةأو إلى نماذج ثلاثة نختم بها
+
+479
+00:52:02,870 --> 00:52:08,930
+محاضرتنا هذه ان شاء الله للدلالة على هذه القاعدة
+
+480
+00:52:08,930 --> 00:52:15,490
+الذهبية العظيمة وهي ان حق الغير محافظ عليه شرعا
+
+481
+00:52:15,490 --> 00:52:25,700
+وثانيا تقييد استخدام الحقومنع التعصف فيه نعم أول
+
+482
+00:52:25,700 --> 00:52:35,480
+مثال على ذلك مثال الدين أولا إذا كان المدين غنيا
+
+483
+00:52:35,480 --> 00:52:43,600
+فلابد من سداد ما عليه من دين في تاريخه وليؤد الذي
+
+484
+00:52:43,600 --> 00:52:52,690
+أتمن أمانته وليتق الله ربه وإلا كان ظالماويشكى إلى
+
+485
+00:52:52,690 --> 00:53:01,730
+القضاء من أجل حبسه كما جاء في الحديث مطل الغني ظلم
+
+486
+00:53:01,730 --> 00:53:12,310
+مطل الغني ظلم يحل عرضه عقابة وعقوبة يحل عرضه بمعنى
+
+487
+00:53:12,310 --> 00:53:19,270
+غيبته أو غيبته وعقوبة بمعنى شكواه إلى القضاء من
+
+488
+00:53:19,270 --> 00:53:26,760
+أجل أن يحبسوأن يُكره وأن يُشبر لدفع ما عليه من دين
+
+489
+00:53:26,760 --> 00:53:33,640
+لأنه قادر ومعه أموال ولديه أملاك هذا معنى الحديث
+
+490
+00:53:33,640 --> 00:53:39,620
+مطلو الغني ظلم لكن حديثنا لا يتعلق بالأغنياء إنما
+
+491
+00:53:39,620 --> 00:53:47,670
+يتعلق بالمدينين الفقراءالمعصرين الذين لا يتمكنون
+
+492
+00:53:47,670 --> 00:53:55,790
+من فداد ما عليهم من ديون فمن حق الدائن و هو ربه
+
+493
+00:53:55,790 --> 00:54:02,190
+المالي ان يحبس المدين لكن اي مدين المدين المالي
+
+494
+00:54:02,190 --> 00:54:09,910
+الغني اما اذا كان المدين او المديون اسم مفعول
+
+495
+00:54:09,910 --> 00:54:19,890
+فقيرا او معصرافلا يحل حبسه فهذا يتنافى مع أخلاق
+
+496
+00:54:19,890 --> 00:54:24,910
+الإسلام ولكن انظاره
+
+497
+00:54:26,150 --> 00:54:32,070
+كما قال الله تبارك وتعالى وإن كان ذو عصرة فنظرة
+
+498
+00:54:32,070 --> 00:54:40,130
+إلى ميصرة يعني إلى أن يتيسر ماله أقول قول هذا
+
+499
+00:54:40,130 --> 00:54:43,850
+وأستغفر الله لي ولكم والسلام عليكم ورحمة الله
+
+500
+00:54:43,850 --> 00:54:44,930
+وبركاته
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/-YfFRWPnfOo_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2060 @@
+1
+00:00:15,020 --> 00:00:19,740
+Good morning, everybody. How are you? Had a nice
+
+2
+00:00:19,740 --> 00:00:26,320
+time over the long week end, yes? Good. Today,
+
+3
+00:00:26,860 --> 00:00:33,530
+we're going to see Raleigh's poem, but from a
+
+4
+00:00:33,530 --> 00:00:38,310
+different perspective. We're going to see it as a
+
+5
+00:00:38,310 --> 00:00:38,610
+parody.
+
+6
+00:00:41,750 --> 00:00:43,250
+Like in this poem,
+
+7
+00:00:46,190 --> 00:00:50,690
+I mean, Raleigh parodies Marlow.
+
+8
+00:00:52,290 --> 00:00:56,530
+I mean, when I say parody, have you ever thought
+
+9
+00:00:56,530 --> 00:00:57,190
+what is a parody?
+
+10
+00:00:59,940 --> 00:01:03,840
+So in this lecture, we'll talk about what is
+
+11
+00:01:03,840 --> 00:01:10,000
+parody, and then we're going to see how Raleigh
+
+12
+00:01:10,000 --> 00:01:18,040
+parodies or parodies like Marlowe in this reply.
+
+13
+00:01:18,960 --> 00:01:22,860
+But let me ask you, what is a parody? Yes, please.
+
+14
+00:01:29,970 --> 00:01:30,650
+Yes.
+
+15
+00:01:33,430 --> 00:01:38,210
+So yes, the main purpose of the parody is like to
+
+16
+00:01:38,210 --> 00:01:44,370
+make fun, is to ridicule or to mock. So one is
+
+17
+00:01:44,370 --> 00:01:50,690
+writing, let's say, a novel or
+
+18
+00:01:50,690 --> 00:01:55,070
+a story in response to another novel or a story or
+
+19
+00:01:55,070 --> 00:02:00,450
+a poem. And the main purpose of this is to
+
+20
+00:02:00,450 --> 00:02:05,530
+satirize, to parody, to parody, you know, the
+
+21
+00:02:05,530 --> 00:02:13,550
+original one. Now, is this what is happening in
+
+22
+00:02:13,550 --> 00:02:19,330
+like Marlow's or Raleigh's reply? Is he mocking
+
+23
+00:02:19,330 --> 00:02:25,060
+him? Is he, you know, making fun of him? This is
+
+24
+00:02:25,060 --> 00:02:27,660
+what we are going to see. But the question is,
+
+25
+00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:33,460
+like, how he is making fun of him, you know? How?
+
+26
+00:02:34,060 --> 00:02:39,760
+Like, he should be making fun of him on a
+
+27
+00:02:39,760 --> 00:02:44,360
+thematic, you know, level, on a linguistic level,
+
+28
+00:02:44,720 --> 00:02:49,000
+on a form level. So this is what we are going to
+
+29
+00:02:49,000 --> 00:02:54,970
+see today. Like if we remember Marlow's
+
+30
+00:02:54,970 --> 00:03:01,010
+poem is about what? Marlow's poem is about the
+
+31
+00:03:01,010 --> 00:03:06,210
+simplicity of the pastoral life. It is about the
+
+32
+00:03:06,210 --> 00:03:10,970
+immortality of the pastoral life. It is a
+
+33
+00:03:10,970 --> 00:03:14,550
+suggestion. It is an invitation, like, for the
+
+34
+00:03:14,550 --> 00:03:18,870
+lady, you know, for Marlon's lady to go and live
+
+35
+00:03:18,870 --> 00:03:24,710
+with him in that beautiful life. Now, we want to
+
+36
+00:03:24,710 --> 00:03:31,470
+see, like, how he is parodizing, you know, the
+
+37
+00:03:31,470 --> 00:03:36,930
+whole poem. And, like, I want, before I start, I
+
+38
+00:03:36,930 --> 00:03:41,360
+want you to be aware You know, when we say parody
+
+39
+00:03:41,360 --> 00:03:47,040
+of the word, of certain verbs, like verbs like, I
+
+40
+00:03:47,040 --> 00:03:49,880
+might write for them, like, because they will help
+
+41
+00:03:49,880 --> 00:03:51,440
+you in your,
+
+42
+00:03:56,200 --> 00:03:57,580
+in speaking about the parody.
+
+43
+00:04:03,180 --> 00:04:07,640
+Do you know what this mean, mock? To mock? Okay.
+
+44
+00:04:13,070 --> 00:04:14,090
+What is this?
+
+45
+00:04:30,010 --> 00:04:33,730
+Could you like bring like the page size, the size
+
+46
+00:04:33,730 --> 00:04:39,950
+of the page? Okay. Can anybody like come and fix
+
+47
+00:04:39,950 --> 00:04:44,860
+this? So we might need to use words like, or
+
+48
+00:04:44,860 --> 00:04:47,380
+verbs, like mock,
+
+49
+00:04:50,000 --> 00:04:50,560
+mock,
+
+50
+00:04:54,140 --> 00:04:55,140
+satirizes,
+
+51
+00:05:00,580 --> 00:05:01,180
+refutes,
+
+52
+00:05:03,700 --> 00:05:05,820
+you know refutes, debunks,
+
+53
+00:05:09,540 --> 00:05:10,360
+invalidates,
+
+54
+00:05:16,690 --> 00:05:20,630
+What do I do? Yeah, just like I want a small, I
+
+55
+00:05:20,630 --> 00:05:26,430
+mean a large font, a large font. So when we are
+
+56
+00:05:26,430 --> 00:05:32,310
+discussing how this is a parody, we might need to
+
+57
+00:05:32,310 --> 00:05:37,690
+use these verbs. How he makes fun of him. How he,
+
+58
+00:05:37,870 --> 00:05:42,290
+you know, disdains his idea. You might need the
+
+59
+00:05:42,290 --> 00:05:43,050
+word disdain.
+
+60
+00:05:46,750 --> 00:05:54,210
+So all these are necessary to use when you are
+
+61
+00:05:54,210 --> 00:06:10,050
+explaining the parody. Now, you mentioned parody.
+
+62
+00:06:11,550 --> 00:06:16,020
+It's an imitation. What is he imitating? If we
+
+63
+00:06:16,020 --> 00:06:20,500
+look at Marlow's poem, you remember how it went?
+
+64
+00:06:20,720 --> 00:06:26,000
+Come live with me and be my love. And here you see
+
+65
+00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:30,500
+if all the word and love were young and truth in
+
+66
+00:06:30,500 --> 00:06:36,040
+every shepherd's tongue. So what do you notice? Do
+
+67
+00:06:36,040 --> 00:06:41,100
+you notice like the same rhyme and the same
+
+68
+00:06:41,100 --> 00:06:44,440
+rhythm? What is like the rhythm? Do you remember
+
+69
+00:06:44,440 --> 00:06:50,100
+the rhythm of Marlow's poem? Iambic pentameter. So
+
+70
+00:06:50,100 --> 00:06:57,020
+again, if all the word and love were young, and
+
+71
+00:06:57,020 --> 00:07:01,400
+truth in every shepherd's tongue. So if you scan
+
+72
+00:07:01,400 --> 00:07:11,020
+this and you say, if we
+
+73
+00:07:11,020 --> 00:07:15,820
+take this line, and make it scansion if the word
+
+74
+00:07:15,820 --> 00:07:19,540
+and
+
+75
+00:07:19,540 --> 00:07:23,720
+love were
+
+76
+00:07:23,720 --> 00:07:25,280
+enough.
+
+77
+00:07:28,240 --> 00:07:33,280
+Now I think if the word is stress, which is
+
+78
+00:07:33,280 --> 00:07:34,880
+stress? What is stress?
+
+79
+00:07:38,240 --> 00:07:44,140
+if they were and
+
+80
+00:07:44,140 --> 00:07:48,680
+love were
+
+81
+00:07:48,680 --> 00:07:53,720
+enough so again we are having if they were and
+
+82
+00:07:53,720 --> 00:08:01,780
+love were enough like we have how many meters do
+
+83
+00:08:01,780 --> 00:08:07,090
+we have? I mean, how many feet do we have? If the
+
+84
+00:08:07,090 --> 00:08:14,510
+word, word, one. And love? Two. Where? Enough. You
+
+85
+00:08:14,510 --> 00:08:19,590
+know? Three and four, because enough. Four. Four.
+
+86
+00:08:20,030 --> 00:08:23,550
+And you know, each syllable has two. So it is the
+
+87
+00:08:23,550 --> 00:08:29,210
+same rhythm. And the same, if you look, it is the
+
+88
+00:08:29,210 --> 00:08:31,830
+same rhyme.
+
+89
+00:08:35,150 --> 00:08:40,550
+B, A, A, B, B. So if you go to the original poem.
+
+90
+00:08:42,490 --> 00:08:45,330
+Yes. And he's using almost the same number of
+
+91
+00:08:45,330 --> 00:08:49,610
+stanzas, except in the reply you have one missing
+
+92
+00:08:49,610 --> 00:08:55,930
+stanza, which is about the food one. Now, we have
+
+93
+00:08:55,930 --> 00:08:59,270
+to see how he's making fun of him. How he's making
+
+94
+00:08:59,270 --> 00:09:05,340
+fun of him. How is he ridiculing him? Is he making
+
+95
+00:09:05,340 --> 00:09:09,460
+fun of him? Yes. How? How is he criticizing him?
+
+96
+00:09:09,680 --> 00:09:13,540
+How is he satirizing him? How he is refuting? Now,
+
+97
+00:09:13,560 --> 00:09:16,220
+when I say this is a parody, I don't want you to
+
+98
+00:09:16,220 --> 00:09:19,340
+compare or contrast, because this is a common
+
+99
+00:09:19,340 --> 00:09:22,460
+mistake. Usually in the exam, last year, I asked,
+
+100
+00:09:22,780 --> 00:09:25,820
+to what extent is this poem a parody? And most of
+
+101
+00:09:25,820 --> 00:09:30,260
+the students kept comparing and contrasting
+
+102
+00:09:30,260 --> 00:09:32,600
+between the two poems, and they missed the point
+
+103
+00:09:32,600 --> 00:09:36,510
+of the question. So when I say a parody, I want
+
+104
+00:09:36,510 --> 00:09:41,390
+you to show me how he is making fun, how he is
+
+105
+00:09:41,390 --> 00:09:46,210
+underestimating, how he is devaluing the whole
+
+106
+00:09:46,210 --> 00:09:51,170
+poem. You see what I mean? So let's see how. Yes.
+
+107
+00:09:59,050 --> 00:10:00,450
+Yes.
+
+108
+00:10:07,450 --> 00:10:08,850
+Yes.
+
+109
+00:10:13,910 --> 00:10:24,570
+So what was seen as immortal in Marlow is becoming
+
+110
+00:10:26,350 --> 00:10:32,850
+Mortal. So in Raleigh or in Marlow, love and life
+
+111
+00:10:32,850 --> 00:10:39,630
+were immortal. But here they are mortal. How? How
+
+112
+00:10:39,630 --> 00:10:42,090
+do you say, like, how they are mortal? You know?
+
+113
+00:10:43,630 --> 00:10:47,890
+How they are mortal. Like, do you have evidence
+
+114
+00:10:47,890 --> 00:10:51,170
+from the poem that these things are mortal? Yes.
+
+115
+00:10:53,270 --> 00:11:02,160
+How they are mortal. Yes? Okay, this is what you
+
+116
+00:11:02,160 --> 00:11:05,940
+can from the outside, but from the inside of the
+
+117
+00:11:05,940 --> 00:11:10,880
+poem. Yes, how? Yes, Jahan? It's like we discussed
+
+118
+00:11:10,880 --> 00:11:15,000
+it last time, when we took the very first line and
+
+119
+00:11:15,000 --> 00:11:18,900
+he said the word if. It's actually like, it's as
+
+120
+00:11:18,900 --> 00:11:21,960
+if he's stating that the world and love are not
+
+121
+00:11:21,960 --> 00:11:26,620
+enough, and he's saying that if they were. So, do
+
+122
+00:11:26,620 --> 00:11:29,840
+you want to say the assumption, like, the
+
+123
+00:11:29,840 --> 00:11:32,640
+assumption that life and love are not enough?
+
+124
+00:11:32,880 --> 00:11:35,700
+Because this is, you know, an assumption. This is
+
+125
+00:11:35,700 --> 00:11:39,180
+an assumption. But, like, I want more concrete,
+
+126
+00:11:39,720 --> 00:11:43,980
+you know, images or evidence from the poem that
+
+127
+00:11:43,980 --> 00:11:47,840
+indicate that all these, yes please? When he says,
+
+128
+00:11:48,100 --> 00:11:49,960
+the girls, the shoes, die.
+
+129
+00:11:56,800 --> 00:12:02,760
+Yes, this is an example of ephemerality, like you
+
+130
+00:12:02,760 --> 00:12:06,020
+know what it means, transience. Ephemeral, like
+
+131
+00:12:06,020 --> 00:12:08,160
+something which doesn't last.
+
+132
+00:12:20,050 --> 00:12:21,110
+Means transient.
+
+133
+00:12:24,950 --> 00:12:30,570
+Something which doesn't last. Yes, like these, thy
+
+134
+00:12:30,570 --> 00:12:33,790
+gown, thy shoes, you know, all the golden
+
+135
+00:12:33,790 --> 00:12:38,890
+promises, you know, will be like transient, like
+
+136
+00:12:38,890 --> 00:12:44,050
+will be temporal. Okay, good. Also, he said the
+
+137
+00:12:44,050 --> 00:12:47,590
+flowers will fade. The flowers fade, okay.
+
+138
+00:12:51,130 --> 00:12:55,470
+The flowers fade like here, it's an image of
+
+139
+00:12:55,470 --> 00:13:02,550
+morality, sorry, mortality. What else? Okay, let's
+
+140
+00:13:02,550 --> 00:13:07,730
+go to the poem. Yes. Yes, please.
+
+141
+00:13:12,160 --> 00:13:16,280
+Excellent. Yes, time drives the flock from field
+
+142
+00:13:16,280 --> 00:13:20,140
+to fold. This is an image of what? Destruction,
+
+143
+00:13:20,820 --> 00:13:26,000
+devastation. It is an image of finality, end. You
+
+144
+00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:29,260
+know, there is nothing called mortal. Look here.
+
+145
+00:13:29,740 --> 00:13:34,640
+Time drives the flux from field to field. So you
+
+146
+00:13:34,640 --> 00:13:37,820
+can say, you know, like Rani in this poem
+
+147
+00:13:37,820 --> 00:13:42,680
+undercuts or undermines or invalidates, whatever.
+
+148
+00:13:42,840 --> 00:13:48,900
+You can use refutes. Like Marlow's assumption
+
+149
+00:13:48,900 --> 00:13:51,860
+about the immortality of life by saying that time
+
+150
+00:13:52,850 --> 00:13:55,830
+will put an end to each thing, to each immortal
+
+151
+00:13:55,830 --> 00:14:03,670
+thing. So yes, here, more images, more images of
+
+152
+00:14:03,670 --> 00:14:04,770
+mortality.
+
+153
+00:14:06,770 --> 00:14:10,010
+Yes, here we have to be insider, to look at
+
+154
+00:14:10,010 --> 00:14:10,410
+images.
+
+155
+00:14:22,750 --> 00:14:28,630
+What about rocks growing old? What's been rocks
+
+156
+00:14:28,630 --> 00:14:33,950
+growing old? It's an image of aging. It's an image
+
+157
+00:14:33,950 --> 00:14:39,470
+of change. It's an image of transformation. Yeah.
+
+158
+00:14:46,110 --> 00:14:49,530
+Yes. What else?
+
+159
+00:14:52,350 --> 00:14:58,990
+What about the image of rottenness? Like here.
+
+160
+00:15:00,410 --> 00:15:02,930
+Yeah. What will happen?
+
+161
+00:15:05,950 --> 00:15:07,430
+The force.
+
+162
+00:15:11,330 --> 00:15:14,630
+Yes, like thy gowns, thy shoes, thy bed of roses,
+
+163
+00:15:14,790 --> 00:15:17,930
+thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy poses, soon break,
+
+164
+00:15:18,050 --> 00:15:21,690
+soon wither, soon forgotten, infolirized,
+
+165
+00:15:22,250 --> 00:15:26,310
+unreasoned, rotten. Like everything will be
+
+166
+00:15:26,310 --> 00:15:32,510
+rotten. And rottenness is an image of decay. It's
+
+167
+00:15:32,510 --> 00:15:36,970
+an image of decay. So as you see here, he
+
+168
+00:15:36,970 --> 00:15:38,470
+undermines.
+
+169
+00:15:40,210 --> 00:15:45,910
+He mocks Marlos by showing that nothing is
+
+170
+00:15:45,910 --> 00:15:51,790
+immortal. So he mocks him by subverting his theme.
+
+171
+00:15:51,890 --> 00:15:56,330
+I like the word subvert. Subvert like twisting his
+
+172
+00:15:56,330 --> 00:15:59,330
+theme, showing the opposite. If you want to
+
+173
+00:15:59,330 --> 00:16:03,010
+subvert something, you are showing the opposite.
+
+174
+00:16:03,350 --> 00:16:03,950
+Subvert.
+
+175
+00:16:12,400 --> 00:16:24,980
+Yes, he subverts the
+
+176
+00:16:24,980 --> 00:16:28,140
+field by showing the opposite.
+
+177
+00:16:35,070 --> 00:16:38,290
+The parody here is working on one level, which is
+
+178
+00:16:38,290 --> 00:16:42,610
+thematic, you know, like he's taking the theme, he
+
+179
+00:16:42,610 --> 00:16:46,650
+satirizes, he mocks him by showing, you know, an
+
+180
+00:16:46,650 --> 00:16:53,930
+opposite theme. Also, we have other, like, it
+
+181
+00:16:53,930 --> 00:16:58,410
+could be by using lexical choices, by using other
+
+182
+00:16:58,410 --> 00:17:01,510
+linguistic choices. So what can you tell me about
+
+183
+00:17:03,060 --> 00:17:04,600
+Here, if we look at the words,
+
+184
+00:17:08,500 --> 00:17:12,720
+Marlowe, in his poem, Come Live With Me and Be My
+
+185
+00:17:12,720 --> 00:17:17,340
+Love, and We All The Pleasures Prove. So if you
+
+186
+00:17:17,340 --> 00:17:24,840
+talk about love and pleasure, if we go to Marlowe,
+
+187
+00:17:25,440 --> 00:17:29,180
+love and pleasure, beauty, what are these things?
+
+188
+00:17:31,380 --> 00:17:34,000
+You know, like in grammar, we call them what? Are
+
+189
+00:17:34,000 --> 00:17:37,980
+they, you know, concrete nouns or what? They are
+
+190
+00:17:37,980 --> 00:17:41,640
+abstract nouns. They are abstract nouns. And here,
+
+191
+00:17:41,900 --> 00:17:45,720
+like in the poem, again, he keeps to the same
+
+192
+00:17:45,720 --> 00:17:49,400
+choices. He uses them, if all the word and love
+
+193
+00:17:49,400 --> 00:17:52,660
+were young. Like, again, he stresses that these
+
+194
+00:17:52,660 --> 00:17:57,740
+things are abstract. And what is abstract is
+
+195
+00:17:58,870 --> 00:18:03,390
+remote from reality, from real things. See? And
+
+196
+00:18:03,390 --> 00:18:07,510
+even like, because this is, who's replying to
+
+197
+00:18:07,510 --> 00:18:07,810
+Marlo?
+
+198
+00:18:10,530 --> 00:18:13,450
+Who's replying to Marlo in Raleigh? Who's, who's
+
+199
+00:18:13,450 --> 00:18:16,730
+like the speaker? The lady. But what is the lady
+
+200
+00:18:16,730 --> 00:18:22,890
+called? The nymph. What is a nymph? What is a
+
+201
+00:18:22,890 --> 00:18:29,000
+nymph? Yeah, I know, a nymph, but it is a mythical
+
+202
+00:18:29,000 --> 00:18:34,180
+creature. A mythical. Originally, the word nymph,
+
+203
+00:18:34,480 --> 00:18:37,900
+you know, is from Latin, which means a mythical.
+
+204
+00:18:38,740 --> 00:18:41,980
+And what is mythical? When we are saying mythical,
+
+205
+00:18:42,180 --> 00:18:48,580
+this is a myth. What is myth? A myth is something
+
+206
+00:18:48,580 --> 00:18:54,290
+unreal. Unreal. So here, again, he is slapping
+
+207
+00:18:54,290 --> 00:18:59,390
+him. He is slapping him by showing that he's
+
+208
+00:18:59,390 --> 00:19:02,290
+talking about unreal things. Look, abstract nouns.
+
+209
+00:19:02,950 --> 00:19:05,370
+Look at the nymph, which is like imaginary
+
+210
+00:19:05,370 --> 00:19:09,850
+creatures. So by choosing words, by choosing
+
+211
+00:19:09,850 --> 00:19:13,310
+words, you know, that have to do with unreal
+
+212
+00:19:13,310 --> 00:19:19,210
+things. And this, again, is, you know, supported
+
+213
+00:19:19,210 --> 00:19:29,630
+by what? By if. If all. If all the word. You see?
+
+214
+00:19:29,810 --> 00:19:37,010
+If all the word and love by if. If, as we said
+
+215
+00:19:37,010 --> 00:19:41,060
+last time, It is hypothetical.
+
+216
+00:19:42,680 --> 00:19:48,760
+And the hypothesis has to do with his attitude. He
+
+217
+00:19:48,760 --> 00:19:55,300
+is, like if somebody says, if all the word and
+
+218
+00:19:55,300 --> 00:19:59,960
+love were enough. So this is, what does it
+
+219
+00:19:59,960 --> 00:20:08,410
+reflect? It reflects the attitude of the poet And
+
+220
+00:20:08,410 --> 00:20:11,510
+what do we call this attitude? It is an attitude
+
+221
+00:20:11,510 --> 00:20:14,090
+of cynicism.
+
+222
+00:20:17,890 --> 00:20:21,490
+He's cynical. He is skeptical.
+
+223
+00:20:24,050 --> 00:20:33,410
+So by using if, by using if and again could. If
+
+224
+00:20:33,410 --> 00:20:35,270
+you look at the end,
+
+225
+00:20:39,520 --> 00:20:43,280
+But could youth lust and love still breed? Had
+
+226
+00:20:43,280 --> 00:20:47,340
+joys? Again here, we have the conditional. So the
+
+227
+00:20:47,340 --> 00:20:51,780
+poem begins with the conditional and ends with the
+
+228
+00:20:51,780 --> 00:20:54,480
+conditional. And the conditional has to do with
+
+229
+00:20:54,480 --> 00:20:59,580
+the attitude of cynicism. So we could easily say
+
+230
+00:20:59,580 --> 00:21:06,480
+Raleigh is skeptical, doesn't believe Marlowe.
+
+231
+00:21:07,400 --> 00:21:14,620
+He thinks, that the notions of immortal love and
+
+232
+00:21:14,620 --> 00:21:22,760
+life are nonsensical. They are not true. And this
+
+233
+00:21:22,760 --> 00:21:28,620
+cynical attitude is demonstrated by the use of F
+
+234
+00:21:28,620 --> 00:21:32,780
+or the conditional use, I mean, the conditional of
+
+235
+00:21:32,780 --> 00:21:38,140
+F at the beginning and could and had at the end.
+
+236
+00:21:39,040 --> 00:21:45,700
+OK. More. Like, if we look here,
+
+237
+00:21:48,420 --> 00:21:55,280
+thy belt. Look at the pronouns. Look at the
+
+238
+00:21:55,280 --> 00:21:58,700
+repetition of these pronouns. Thy belt of straw
+
+239
+00:21:58,700 --> 00:22:04,960
+and ivy buds. Thy coral clasp and amber studs. And
+
+240
+00:22:04,960 --> 00:22:10,290
+I think, you know, Thy shoes, thy beds of roses,
+
+241
+00:22:10,710 --> 00:22:16,810
+thy cap, thy curtain, and thy poses. So here, yes,
+
+242
+00:22:17,030 --> 00:22:21,790
+these lexical
+
+243
+00:22:21,790 --> 00:22:25,230
+or these syntactic choices, you know, thy, thy,
+
+244
+00:22:25,410 --> 00:22:29,190
+with the repetition, what do they convey with
+
+245
+00:22:29,190 --> 00:22:34,870
+them? A sense of? Rejection. Yeah, they induced,
+
+246
+00:22:35,230 --> 00:22:37,770
+you know, a sense of boredom. But when you say,
+
+247
+00:22:37,930 --> 00:22:44,450
+thy, thy. Yeah, like, he's sarcastic. He's
+
+248
+00:22:44,450 --> 00:22:49,510
+sarcastic. He makes fun of him. He, you know,
+
+249
+00:22:50,530 --> 00:22:55,670
+refutes all his
+
+250
+00:22:56,980 --> 00:23:00,440
+allegations, all his assumptions about the
+
+251
+00:23:00,440 --> 00:23:06,120
+immortality, the beauty. Now if we look, we have
+
+252
+00:23:06,120 --> 00:23:10,500
+just seen how he was mocking the idea of
+
+253
+00:23:10,500 --> 00:23:12,840
+immortality and how he's mocking the idea of
+
+254
+00:23:12,840 --> 00:23:17,080
+beauty. Say again, you know, here you have images
+
+255
+00:23:17,080 --> 00:23:21,820
+of horror, you have images of ugliness, you know,
+
+256
+00:23:21,900 --> 00:23:24,840
+and if we go to them, like look here, when
+
+257
+00:23:24,840 --> 00:23:29,440
+something is fading, is it beautiful? Yeah. When
+
+258
+00:23:29,440 --> 00:23:35,620
+something is turning from like lush green into
+
+259
+00:23:35,620 --> 00:23:40,180
+dark, you know, dark black or something like this,
+
+260
+00:23:40,560 --> 00:23:43,490
+it is an image of death. And this is what is
+
+261
+00:23:43,490 --> 00:23:49,790
+happening. But again, thy belt of straw and ivy
+
+262
+00:23:49,790 --> 00:23:55,870
+buds, thy coral clasp and amber studs, thy, thy.
+
+263
+00:23:57,370 --> 00:24:01,950
+So what does this show? It shows like, I mean,
+
+264
+00:24:02,030 --> 00:24:08,950
+here, what Rani wants to say, that these things
+
+265
+00:24:08,950 --> 00:24:16,210
+are artificial. Their beauty is artificial. It is
+
+266
+00:24:16,210 --> 00:24:18,990
+not genuine beauty. Yeah, it is not genuine
+
+267
+00:24:18,990 --> 00:24:22,210
+because it is not lasting beauty.
+
+268
+00:24:38,150 --> 00:24:43,060
+And If you go up a little bit, for all the world
+
+269
+00:24:43,060 --> 00:24:45,480
+and love were young and truth in every show, these
+
+270
+00:24:45,480 --> 00:24:49,860
+pretty pleasures, the word pretty. When he says
+
+271
+00:24:49,860 --> 00:24:53,160
+these pretty, does he mean like they are pretty?
+
+272
+00:24:54,340 --> 00:24:57,720
+So what does he want to say? Like, don't you think
+
+273
+00:24:57,720 --> 00:25:00,940
+he's sarcastic here? So what does he want to say
+
+274
+00:25:00,940 --> 00:25:01,320
+exactly?
+
+275
+00:25:04,220 --> 00:25:05,060
+Yes, please.
+
+276
+00:25:08,430 --> 00:25:11,550
+Yeah, they're pretty, and they are not pretty.
+
+277
+00:25:11,770 --> 00:25:15,490
+These pretty, like he was, it's an irony. These
+
+278
+00:25:15,490 --> 00:25:19,910
+pretty pleasures make me move. Again, he wanted to
+
+279
+00:25:19,910 --> 00:25:24,050
+say that these things are artificial, are not
+
+280
+00:25:24,050 --> 00:25:26,710
+genuine, so I'm not coming with you.
+
+281
+00:25:29,950 --> 00:25:34,610
+If we look at the artistic aspects, I mean, like
+
+282
+00:25:34,610 --> 00:25:39,720
+the metaphors, like how he employs the metaphors,
+
+283
+00:25:40,260 --> 00:25:44,700
+how he employs the alliteration, also we see like
+
+284
+00:25:44,700 --> 00:25:48,900
+he's satirizing him. When he says, time drives the
+
+285
+00:25:48,900 --> 00:25:53,040
+flux from field to fold. The alliteration here,
+
+286
+00:25:53,820 --> 00:26:02,520
+you know, the alliteration shows what? Yeah, shows
+
+287
+00:26:02,520 --> 00:26:11,600
+an image of horror. It reflects how tough,
+
+288
+00:26:12,780 --> 00:26:18,220
+how fatal will be like the ravages of time. Time
+
+289
+00:26:18,220 --> 00:26:24,980
+will be destructive. And this toughness, which,
+
+290
+00:26:26,520 --> 00:26:31,920
+you know, we feel from the alliteration, it
+
+291
+00:26:31,920 --> 00:26:39,400
+contrasts with the musical tone of Marlow's poem.
+
+292
+00:26:39,540 --> 00:26:45,040
+If you remember Marlow's poem, it was full of
+
+293
+00:26:45,040 --> 00:26:49,740
+music. It was full of the singing of the birds,
+
+294
+00:26:49,860 --> 00:26:55,820
+the madrigals. Here, we have, instead of the
+
+295
+00:26:55,820 --> 00:27:01,770
+melodious The melodious madrigals, we have time
+
+296
+00:27:01,770 --> 00:27:09,130
+drives the flux from field to fold, and rivers
+
+297
+00:27:09,130 --> 00:27:16,170
+rage and rocks grow cold. So the serenity, the
+
+298
+00:27:16,170 --> 00:27:23,510
+tranquility of Marlow's poem are subverted.
+
+299
+00:27:25,560 --> 00:27:29,760
+replaced, subverted like they are distorted. By
+
+300
+00:27:29,760 --> 00:27:35,540
+what? By images, roaring images, by images of
+
+301
+00:27:35,540 --> 00:27:36,200
+destruction.
+
+302
+00:27:39,160 --> 00:27:47,900
+Okay. And Philemon becomes dumb. You know, the
+
+303
+00:27:47,900 --> 00:27:54,340
+singing poet, There we have the poet was singing,
+
+304
+00:27:54,920 --> 00:27:59,340
+but here the philomel becomes dumb. Here people
+
+305
+00:27:59,340 --> 00:28:06,320
+are speechless. Why? So like the sense of
+
+306
+00:28:06,320 --> 00:28:11,100
+security, the sense of tranquility are replaced by
+
+307
+00:28:11,100 --> 00:28:17,100
+horror and shock. Here there is a shock. Why would
+
+308
+00:28:17,100 --> 00:28:23,390
+philomel be dumb? Because of the horror of the
+
+309
+00:28:23,390 --> 00:28:26,710
+upheaval. You know what I mean by upheaval? The
+
+310
+00:28:26,710 --> 00:28:30,230
+change. It will be global change. You know,
+
+311
+00:28:30,330 --> 00:28:34,390
+nothing will remain as it is, so the phenomenon
+
+312
+00:28:34,390 --> 00:28:40,860
+will be done. You know? Again, this is like a
+
+313
+00:28:40,860 --> 00:28:44,380
+myth. A mythical philomel is a mythical creature,
+
+314
+00:28:44,480 --> 00:28:49,420
+but philomel means a bird, you know? So you can in
+
+315
+00:28:49,420 --> 00:28:53,220
+both ways, like the philomel is done because of
+
+316
+00:28:53,220 --> 00:28:57,940
+the shock out of the horror of the transformation
+
+317
+00:28:57,940 --> 00:28:59,000
+or the upheaval.
+
+318
+00:29:08,860 --> 00:29:14,120
+So I think we started to dislike. Huh? We started
+
+319
+00:29:14,120 --> 00:29:20,420
+to dislike. Marlow's poem started to lose. The
+
+320
+00:29:20,420 --> 00:29:25,320
+flowers do fade and wanton feels. To weigh word,
+
+321
+00:29:25,400 --> 00:29:28,660
+winter reckoning yields. A honey tongue. Look,
+
+322
+00:29:28,760 --> 00:29:31,940
+again, this is another technique. A honey tongue,
+
+323
+00:29:32,640 --> 00:29:36,150
+a heart of gold. Fancy spring, but soon it falls.
+
+324
+00:29:36,590 --> 00:29:41,150
+Now, what is he doing? He's juxtaposing. You know
+
+325
+00:29:41,150 --> 00:29:44,050
+what's been juxtaposed? To put side by side
+
+326
+00:29:44,050 --> 00:29:50,650
+things. A honey tongue, what is sweet, will be
+
+327
+00:29:50,650 --> 00:29:57,800
+bitter of gold. What is lovely will be sorrowful
+
+328
+00:29:57,800 --> 00:30:02,700
+and ugly. So again, the juxtaposition, like the
+
+329
+00:30:02,700 --> 00:30:05,880
+technique of juxtaposition, like here in this
+
+330
+00:30:05,880 --> 00:30:10,920
+poem, he juxtaposes beauty with ugliness. He
+
+331
+00:30:10,920 --> 00:30:14,680
+juxtaposes sweetness with bitterness. So
+
+332
+00:30:14,680 --> 00:30:19,620
+juxtaposition is like to invalidate, to show that
+
+333
+00:30:20,220 --> 00:30:24,360
+whatever was beautiful in Marlow is nothing to
+
+334
+00:30:24,360 --> 00:30:28,280
+show the reality, the opposite reality of Marlow's
+
+335
+00:30:28,280 --> 00:30:28,720
+assumption.
+
+336
+00:30:35,020 --> 00:30:44,060
+So as you see here, it's a full parody and you can
+
+337
+00:30:45,030 --> 00:30:49,130
+Start your writing, how it is a parody, by showing
+
+338
+00:30:49,130 --> 00:30:54,610
+this. But you can be more organized. You see? You
+
+339
+00:30:54,610 --> 00:30:59,450
+should show how he is making fun of the
+
+340
+00:30:59,450 --> 00:31:03,930
+suggestion. He's making fun of the theme itself.
+
+341
+00:31:04,450 --> 00:31:10,790
+He's making fun of all the promises. So the
+
+342
+00:31:10,790 --> 00:31:15,180
+promises, which were very enticing, are becoming
+
+343
+00:31:15,180 --> 00:31:19,440
+repugnant. So what has been enticing, you know
+
+344
+00:31:19,440 --> 00:31:23,480
+what's been enticing, tempting in Marlow is
+
+345
+00:31:23,480 --> 00:31:28,060
+becoming here repugnant. Repugnant like hateful,
+
+346
+00:31:28,180 --> 00:31:30,600
+something we don't like, repugnant.
+
+347
+00:31:43,310 --> 00:31:46,830
+Yeah, repugnant. So I think the cup of flowers,
+
+348
+00:31:47,950 --> 00:31:51,470
+the curtain, which was made of myrtle, are now
+
+349
+00:31:51,470 --> 00:31:56,070
+what? They are things which they, they, we don't
+
+350
+00:31:56,070 --> 00:32:00,030
+like them. They are no longer tempting. They are
+
+351
+00:32:00,030 --> 00:32:03,270
+no longer enticing. On the contrary, they are
+
+352
+00:32:03,270 --> 00:32:06,870
+images of horror and death. They are images of
+
+353
+00:32:06,870 --> 00:32:12,990
+transience. So like here, you see, he rallies by
+
+354
+00:32:12,990 --> 00:32:17,530
+doing this. He undermines everything. He
+
+355
+00:32:17,530 --> 00:32:20,610
+satirizes. He mocks. He rebukes. This is what I
+
+356
+00:32:20,610 --> 00:32:26,010
+want you to do when you write the parody. Okay,
+
+357
+00:32:26,250 --> 00:32:29,450
+this is about the parody. Now we have some time to
+
+358
+00:32:29,450 --> 00:32:32,750
+talk about, because this is like your reflection,
+
+359
+00:32:32,950 --> 00:32:36,170
+will be your reflection. So I want you to compare
+
+360
+00:32:36,170 --> 00:32:39,950
+and to contrast between the two poems. And when
+
+361
+00:32:39,950 --> 00:32:43,470
+you are writing a comparison, you know, I want you
+
+362
+00:32:43,470 --> 00:32:46,410
+like to take into consideration one. So when you
+
+363
+00:32:46,410 --> 00:32:50,080
+are contrasting and Comparing. What are you going
+
+364
+00:32:50,080 --> 00:32:54,220
+to do? And I think here, you have to contrast more
+
+365
+00:32:54,220 --> 00:33:00,300
+than compare. But there are, you know, when I say
+
+366
+00:33:00,300 --> 00:33:03,560
+compare, you talk about similarities. Contrast
+
+367
+00:33:03,560 --> 00:33:11,940
+talk about, you know, yes, differences. You can do
+
+368
+00:33:11,940 --> 00:33:15,360
+this by writing paragraph about the theme of this
+
+369
+00:33:15,360 --> 00:33:18,480
+poem and writing a paragraph about the theme of
+
+370
+00:33:18,480 --> 00:33:21,120
+this poem, by writing a paragraph about the tone
+
+371
+00:33:21,120 --> 00:33:23,940
+of this poem, by writing another paragraph. This
+
+372
+00:33:23,940 --> 00:33:27,580
+is like block. You assume the block. But if you
+
+373
+00:33:27,580 --> 00:33:32,320
+want to, you know, to take the point and mix them,
+
+374
+00:33:32,500 --> 00:33:35,400
+it's okay. It's up to you. You say, okay, the tone
+
+375
+00:33:35,400 --> 00:33:40,630
+of Marlon's poem is so-and-so. While the tone of,
+
+376
+00:33:40,870 --> 00:33:45,050
+you know, you can use while, whereas, on one hand,
+
+377
+00:33:45,150 --> 00:33:48,790
+on the other hand, like these transitional words
+
+378
+00:33:48,790 --> 00:33:51,470
+you are familiar with in your writing courses.
+
+379
+00:33:52,210 --> 00:33:55,850
+Okay. So when you want to compare and contrast,
+
+380
+00:33:58,390 --> 00:34:03,030
+what do you want to compare? I think you can
+
+381
+00:34:03,030 --> 00:34:12,970
+compare Yeah, the theme. The theme. The rhyme. The
+
+382
+00:34:12,970 --> 00:34:13,270
+rhythm.
+
+383
+00:34:16,030 --> 00:34:20,850
+You can talk about figures of speech. I mean, the
+
+384
+00:34:20,850 --> 00:34:25,230
+style. The style in general. The style includes
+
+385
+00:34:25,230 --> 00:34:29,230
+figures of speech, includes alliteration, includes
+
+386
+00:34:29,230 --> 00:34:34,950
+sound, music. What else? So we have the theme.
+
+387
+00:34:38,210 --> 00:34:40,670
+Yeah, when you talk about the language, we are
+
+388
+00:34:40,670 --> 00:34:47,310
+talking about the style. The theme. The tone. What
+
+389
+00:34:47,310 --> 00:34:49,730
+is the tone, by the way? When we say the tone,
+
+390
+00:34:49,810 --> 00:34:53,910
+what is the tone? Like usually people are mixing
+
+391
+00:34:53,910 --> 00:34:57,830
+between the tone and attitude. What is a tone?
+
+392
+00:35:01,850 --> 00:35:02,950
+And what is attitude?
+
+393
+00:35:06,850 --> 00:35:10,610
+What is the tone and what is the attitude? What is
+
+394
+00:35:10,610 --> 00:35:13,690
+the difference between the two? Yes?
+
+395
+00:35:16,610 --> 00:35:25,730
+The tone. The tone is the impact of the words on
+
+396
+00:35:25,730 --> 00:35:31,080
+us. the impact of the words on us. Like you look
+
+397
+00:35:31,080 --> 00:35:37,000
+at a text and you see the happy child was smiling
+
+398
+00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:41,900
+at his mom and started laughing and you know, like
+
+399
+00:35:41,900 --> 00:35:47,480
+so the words smile, laugh, happy, you know, have
+
+400
+00:35:47,480 --> 00:35:52,740
+what on us. So we call this tone as happy tone.
+
+401
+00:35:53,260 --> 00:35:58,500
+cheerful tone. But when we have the crying, the
+
+402
+00:35:58,500 --> 00:36:02,000
+tears, you know, it is sad. So if you look at the
+
+403
+00:36:02,000 --> 00:36:06,940
+words in Marlow's poem, the tone of the whole text
+
+404
+00:36:06,940 --> 00:36:11,420
+is very happy, jovial, cheerful. Look at the
+
+405
+00:36:11,420 --> 00:36:14,480
+words, the happy, the birds, this way, you know,
+
+406
+00:36:14,780 --> 00:36:18,360
+the singing of the swains, you know, so the tone
+
+407
+00:36:18,360 --> 00:36:24,660
+is happy. But in Marlow, The tone is very sad.
+
+408
+00:36:25,340 --> 00:36:34,240
+Very sad. Okay. The attitude. You know how the
+
+409
+00:36:34,240 --> 00:36:41,880
+poet feels towards something. How the poet feels
+
+410
+00:36:41,880 --> 00:36:45,120
+towards something. Like how you feel. When I'm
+
+411
+00:36:45,120 --> 00:36:48,240
+talking about your attitude, Or when I'm talking
+
+412
+00:36:48,240 --> 00:36:51,820
+about the attitude, I'm talking about the poet's
+
+413
+00:36:51,820 --> 00:36:56,360
+attitude, the poet's feelings, view of something.
+
+414
+00:36:56,660 --> 00:37:03,680
+So if we are looking at the attitude of Marlow, so
+
+415
+00:37:03,680 --> 00:37:11,040
+he was open, he was optimistic, while Raleigh was
+
+416
+00:37:11,980 --> 00:37:16,200
+Pessimistic. And you can, I think, demonstrate
+
+417
+00:37:16,200 --> 00:37:21,680
+that from examples. So here, we have tone and
+
+418
+00:37:21,680 --> 00:37:29,820
+attitude. You can also compare
+
+419
+00:37:29,820 --> 00:37:33,800
+the themes. The theme, as we saw in the parody,
+
+420
+00:37:34,600 --> 00:37:37,880
+one theme was about the immortality, and the other
+
+421
+00:37:37,880 --> 00:37:42,100
+theme was about immortality. You can talk about
+
+422
+00:37:42,100 --> 00:37:45,620
+the figures of speech, how the figures of speech
+
+423
+00:37:45,620 --> 00:37:52,860
+and the images, the images, the figures of speech.
+
+424
+00:37:53,740 --> 00:37:54,240
+Okay.
+
+425
+00:37:56,780 --> 00:38:00,120
+Here, like how they were glowing, full of beauty,
+
+426
+00:38:00,860 --> 00:38:06,240
+but in Marlow, the images are in Raleigh, sorry,
+
+427
+00:38:06,320 --> 00:38:11,450
+yes. Okay, so you were talking. Good. I think,
+
+428
+00:38:11,610 --> 00:38:17,230
+yes, here, the images are also different. The
+
+429
+00:38:17,230 --> 00:38:20,170
+metaphors are different. So most of the metaphors
+
+430
+00:38:20,170 --> 00:38:25,770
+in Raleigh's poem have to do with death, decay.
+
+431
+00:38:27,170 --> 00:38:32,050
+Okay, yes. You can talk also... I think this is
+
+432
+00:38:32,050 --> 00:38:35,430
+when you talk about the style, you know? You can
+
+433
+00:38:35,430 --> 00:38:40,290
+talk about in the style, the form. the form, the
+
+434
+00:38:40,290 --> 00:38:45,270
+figures of speech, the language, the sound, the
+
+435
+00:38:45,270 --> 00:38:45,910
+alliteration.
+
+436
+00:38:48,430 --> 00:38:53,070
+So the form is the larger category. So let's say
+
+437
+00:38:53,070 --> 00:38:59,290
+these points you should consider the theme, the
+
+438
+00:38:59,290 --> 00:39:04,930
+tone, the attitude, and then the style. The style
+
+439
+00:39:04,930 --> 00:39:10,580
+includes the form, the images, the figures of
+
+440
+00:39:10,580 --> 00:39:14,740
+speech, the alliteration, the sound, the rhyme and
+
+441
+00:39:14,740 --> 00:39:20,260
+the rhythm. So I wish you would give me a
+
+442
+00:39:20,260 --> 00:39:23,800
+masterpiece soon. And if possible, I'll be sending
+
+443
+00:39:23,800 --> 00:39:28,700
+you a small article about how the parody itself.
+
+444
+00:39:28,880 --> 00:39:33,060
+This might help you. But please try to distinguish
+
+445
+00:39:33,060 --> 00:39:37,260
+between a parody and a comparison. In the parody,
+
+446
+00:39:37,920 --> 00:39:44,300
+I look how you use these words. If you say this
+
+447
+00:39:44,300 --> 00:39:47,280
+poem is lovely or the other, you're not writing it
+
+448
+00:39:47,280 --> 00:39:49,220
+or you're not speaking about the parody, but you
+
+449
+00:39:49,220 --> 00:39:53,220
+are comparing and contrasting. So I think this is
+
+450
+00:39:53,220 --> 00:39:56,560
+enough for today. If you have any question, let me
+
+451
+00:39:56,560 --> 00:40:02,660
+know, please. No questions. Today, I know I forgot
+
+452
+00:40:02,660 --> 00:40:07,020
+the report, but it doesn't mean that, I don't know
+
+453
+00:40:07,020 --> 00:40:10,380
+how I forgot the report. So let's do it like this
+
+454
+00:40:10,380 --> 00:40:13,160
+time differently. We need somebody to read her
+
+455
+00:40:13,160 --> 00:40:16,740
+report now. If anybody is willing to read her
+
+456
+00:40:16,740 --> 00:40:21,940
+report, it would be funny. Is anybody willing?
+
+457
+00:40:23,300 --> 00:40:23,920
+Yes. Okay.
+
+458
+00:40:27,160 --> 00:40:31,480
+So this is a deviation from the norm. We are
+
+459
+00:40:31,480 --> 00:40:35,360
+deviating from the norm. Every time we're having
+
+460
+00:40:35,360 --> 00:40:38,640
+the report, At the beginning, now let's see the
+
+461
+00:40:38,640 --> 00:40:44,020
+report at the end. Daily Report. When I wrote my
+
+462
+00:40:44,020 --> 00:40:47,840
+daily report, I feel confused. That because when I
+
+463
+00:40:47,840 --> 00:40:51,160
+wrote it, I measure myself walking in a long road.
+
+464
+00:40:51,480 --> 00:40:55,280
+I mean, I find many difficulties when writing it
+
+465
+00:40:55,280 --> 00:40:58,360
+because it is a kind of brainstorming and needs
+
+466
+00:40:58,360 --> 00:41:01,720
+serious thinking a little bit. However, I like
+
+467
+00:41:01,720 --> 00:41:05,680
+this task because I discovered that it has special
+
+468
+00:41:05,680 --> 00:41:09,220
+taste. And also because I hate the method of
+
+469
+00:41:09,220 --> 00:41:13,070
+cutting based. Regarding to the previous lecture,
+
+470
+00:41:13,310 --> 00:41:15,710
+it was like something has a special sight of
+
+471
+00:41:15,710 --> 00:41:20,970
+beauty. That because we began the lecture by
+
+472
+00:41:20,970 --> 00:41:24,110
+saying the report and then students said her
+
+473
+00:41:24,110 --> 00:41:27,790
+response which was beautiful and funny. Then Mr.
+
+474
+00:41:27,850 --> 00:41:31,210
+Habib asked several questions and gave us many
+
+475
+00:41:31,210 --> 00:41:34,530
+chances to think deeply, so we began to understand
+
+476
+00:41:34,530 --> 00:41:38,360
+the poem and think seriously. After that, the
+
+477
+00:41:38,360 --> 00:41:42,040
+teacher thanked us because of our efforts. Also,
+
+478
+00:41:42,140 --> 00:41:44,980
+he motivated and encouraged us by saying you
+
+479
+00:41:44,980 --> 00:41:47,820
+should always follow this method. In short, the
+
+480
+00:41:47,820 --> 00:41:51,420
+lecture was so amazing and nice that we felt
+
+481
+00:41:51,420 --> 00:41:55,580
+excited and did not feel in that period of that
+
+482
+00:41:55,580 --> 00:41:57,980
+time. Okay, thank you very much. Do you want like
+
+483
+00:41:57,980 --> 00:42:03,260
+to read yours? Okay. Is anybody willing? Yes?
+
+484
+00:42:03,360 --> 00:42:03,600
+Okay.
+
+485
+00:42:09,480 --> 00:42:13,800
+At night, when I came to write my daily report, at
+
+486
+00:42:13,800 --> 00:42:18,360
+night, when I came to write my daily report, I
+
+487
+00:42:18,360 --> 00:42:20,680
+decided to write about what happened in Arab world
+
+488
+00:42:20,680 --> 00:42:23,700
+last week. As a Palestinian people, we hadn't
+
+489
+00:42:23,700 --> 00:42:26,400
+heard on the following news for a long time. But
+
+490
+00:42:26,400 --> 00:42:30,880
+when the exchange prisoner deal achieved between
+
+491
+00:42:30,880 --> 00:42:35,140
+Hamas and Israel government with Egyptian eye,
+
+492
+00:42:35,900 --> 00:42:40,160
+mediation with Egyptian mediation. The Palestinian
+
+493
+00:42:40,160 --> 00:42:45,400
+city had celebrated in the national wedding a
+
+494
+00:42:45,400 --> 00:42:48,520
+request to release about more than 1,000
+
+495
+00:42:48,520 --> 00:42:51,200
+Palestinian prisoners of the Israeli prisons.
+
+496
+00:42:52,680 --> 00:42:57,500
+Through this happy news, the education minister
+
+497
+00:42:57,500 --> 00:43:01,220
+and others announced a vacation of three days.
+
+498
+00:43:01,960 --> 00:43:05,020
+Also, among this happy news, we hear the falling
+
+499
+00:43:05,020 --> 00:43:09,920
+of Gaddafi's body and his guards among the Libyan
+
+500
+00:43:09,920 --> 00:43:13,540
+rebels. And we hope to listen more, more happy
+
+501
+00:43:13,540 --> 00:43:16,240
+news. Yeah, and Gaddafi has to do with Raleigh
+
+502
+00:43:16,240 --> 00:43:18,980
+because, you know, Gaddafi thought, like Marlow,
+
+503
+00:43:19,060 --> 00:43:24,320
+that life and palaces will remain forever. You
+
+504
+00:43:24,320 --> 00:43:29,220
+know, yesterday I read an article, من القصر إلى
+
+505
+00:43:29,220 --> 00:43:34,740
+السرداب إلى القبر. So I changed it in my mind, من
+
+506
+00:43:34,740 --> 00:43:39,640
+القصر إلى الوكر ثم القبر. Because this is how it
+
+507
+00:43:39,640 --> 00:43:44,440
+should be like this. And we hope to listen more
+
+508
+00:43:44,440 --> 00:43:46,760
+happy news about the Arab leaders following
+
+509
+00:43:46,760 --> 00:43:50,900
+scenario in Arab Spring Revolution.
+
+510
+00:43:54,030 --> 00:43:57,590
+Although the winter season will soon, the spring
+
+511
+00:43:57,590 --> 00:44:00,730
+revolution will continue. In the other hand, about
+
+512
+00:44:00,730 --> 00:44:03,210
+pottery class, last class we started a new poem
+
+513
+00:44:03,210 --> 00:44:06,810
+for Dari. Yes, and we finished it today. Thank you
+
+514
+00:44:06,810 --> 00:44:09,470
+very much. Good. Thank you and take care. Okay,
+
+515
+00:44:10,190 --> 00:44:11,590
+see you next time, Inshallah.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/0SQczwjhFs4.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1709 @@
+1
+00:00:13,300 --> 00:00:19,560
+How are you? After this long vacation, the Eid, I
+
+2
+00:00:19,560 --> 00:00:22,840
+wish you had a nice time celebrating, eating.
+
+3
+00:00:24,020 --> 00:00:28,560
+Eating everything, of course, sweet and meat. Yes,
+
+4
+00:00:28,760 --> 00:00:32,240
+today I don't want to waste more time. Today we 
+
+5
+00:00:32,240 --> 00:00:38,740
+are going to look at Better My Heart closely after 
+
+6
+00:00:38,740 --> 00:00:44,260
+what we did last time, if you remember. We gave
+
+7
+00:00:44,260 --> 00:00:48,660
+you a general background about mythological poetry
+
+8
+00:00:48,660 --> 00:00:53,120
+in the 17th century, and we saw how the 17th
+
+9
+00:00:53,120 --> 00:00:59,670
+century was a century of uncertainty. But today, 
+
+10
+00:01:00,010 --> 00:01:02,550
+you know, and I remember we talked about the
+
+11
+00:01:02,550 --> 00:01:05,730
+metaphysical poets and we saw how those poets were 
+
+12
+00:01:05,730 --> 00:01:09,170
+writing difficult poetry, poetry which was
+
+13
+00:01:09,170 --> 00:01:15,230
+characterized by its conceits, paradoxes, images, 
+
+14
+00:01:16,290 --> 00:01:22,150
+tough rhythm or tough diversification, and like
+
+15
+00:01:22,150 --> 00:01:27,670
+the blending between passion and mind. So today we 
+
+16
+00:01:27,670 --> 00:01:31,690
+are going to look closely at, you know, the poem, 
+
+17
+00:01:31,850 --> 00:01:35,010
+analyze it, see some of these characteristics.
+
+18
+00:01:36,070 --> 00:01:40,910
+However, you know, as usual, I'm looking forward
+
+19
+00:01:40,910 --> 00:01:44,690
+to hearing, to listening, you know, sorry, to
+
+20
+00:01:44,690 --> 00:01:48,610
+listening to your wonderful reports after this 
+
+21
+00:01:48,610 --> 00:01:53,450
+long vacation. So let's see who has a creative
+
+22
+00:01:53,450 --> 00:01:54,050
+report. 
+
+23
+00:01:56,640 --> 00:02:01,700
+Don't tell me you don't have reports. Okay. Yes? 
+
+24
+00:02:03,020 --> 00:02:09,800
+Do you have one? Not creative? Okay. Oh my God.
+
+25
+00:02:10,300 --> 00:02:15,560
+Let's see. You come here, okay? Take my place.
+
+26
+00:02:16,700 --> 00:02:19,460
+Many would consider it a holiday, others consider 
+
+27
+00:02:19,460 --> 00:02:23,300
+it as a transitional period. Spending nine days 
+
+28
+00:02:23,300 --> 00:02:26,900
+holiday was a mess, that it came during hard times
+
+29
+00:02:26,900 --> 00:02:30,560
+of exams and assignments. Wake up early, do many 
+
+30
+00:02:30,560 --> 00:02:33,620
+things, that all what we used to not to do during
+
+31
+00:02:33,620 --> 00:02:37,800
+last days. Now we are on again, different mornings 
+
+32
+00:02:37,800 --> 00:02:40,280
+and different faces, just a word can help us. 
+
+33
+00:02:40,580 --> 00:02:43,120
+Okay, thank you very much. It's very laconic,
+
+34
+00:02:43,900 --> 00:02:49,700
+whereas, you know, It seems like she was very 
+
+35
+00:02:49,700 --> 00:02:55,140
+clever in wasting or at wasting her time. You 
+
+36
+00:02:55,140 --> 00:02:58,500
+didn't? Okay, good. So let's see another report.
+
+37
+00:02:59,760 --> 00:03:01,040
+Yes. Yeah.
+
+38
+00:03:05,800 --> 00:03:09,820
+Of course, we'll see a response as well. No
+
+39
+00:03:09,820 --> 00:03:14,100
+problem. Say good morning. How are you? They're 
+
+40
+00:03:14,100 --> 00:03:18,210
+waiting for you. Good morning, everybody. How are 
+
+41
+00:03:18,210 --> 00:03:18,470
+you? 
+
+42
+00:03:21,560 --> 00:03:24,660
+After enjoying Eid and being so interested and
+
+43
+00:03:24,660 --> 00:03:27,820
+happy, we come back to the university and began to 
+
+44
+00:03:27,820 --> 00:03:31,360
+study. Actually, it was a beautiful Eid, but with 
+
+45
+00:03:31,360 --> 00:03:34,640
+a mixture of fright and feeling, because of the 
+
+46
+00:03:34,640 --> 00:03:37,260
+beauty of Eid, but we heard of the coming exams
+
+47
+00:03:37,260 --> 00:03:40,180
+and such things. Referring to the previous lecture
+
+48
+00:03:40,180 --> 00:03:43,920
+of poetry, it was so nice, and we discussed the
+
+49
+00:03:43,920 --> 00:03:47,260
+metaphysical poetry, and then the teacher ordered 
+
+50
+00:03:47,260 --> 00:03:50,070
+us to prepare the next kind of poetry. Yeah, I
+
+51
+00:03:50,070 --> 00:03:53,170
+don't order. I just told you, because order, that 
+
+52
+00:03:53,170 --> 00:03:55,850
+means like I'm very authoritative ordering
+
+53
+00:03:55,850 --> 00:04:04,070
+everybody. Good. Let's see a response. Yes.
+
+54
+00:04:08,800 --> 00:04:11,780
+Response how you found the poem like was it good 
+
+55
+00:04:11,780 --> 00:04:15,940
+interesting? like was it like how my daughter felt 
+
+56
+00:04:15,940 --> 00:04:21,660
+was very Horrifying poem she even didn't sleep I'm
+
+57
+00:04:21,660 --> 00:04:24,100
+sorry. I didn't mean that but this is mythical
+
+58
+00:04:24,100 --> 00:04:28,070
+poetry He asked the name of the three-person God
+
+59
+00:04:28,070 --> 00:04:30,990
+to batter his heart. For him, God only knocks 
+
+60
+00:04:30,990 --> 00:04:34,270
+politely and seeks to mend, while he wants to be 
+
+61
+00:04:34,270 --> 00:04:37,970
+torn apart, to rise and stand, to be new. He loves
+
+62
+00:04:37,970 --> 00:04:40,770
+God and wants God to love him too, but he 
+
+63
+00:04:40,770 --> 00:04:43,750
+considers a mercy aid will not make him chaste.
+
+64
+00:04:45,620 --> 00:04:48,740
+nor his lust would fade. So he wants God to knock 
+
+65
+00:04:48,740 --> 00:04:52,120
+him down, just as a defeated town. Well, John
+
+66
+00:04:52,120 --> 00:04:55,480
+Donne, I'm telling you, if you want to be renewed,
+
+67
+00:04:55,640 --> 00:04:58,680
+first, there is only one God, and salvation comes
+
+68
+00:04:58,680 --> 00:05:01,860
+through your heart, not by force or in prison for 
+
+69
+00:05:01,860 --> 00:05:05,180
+life. If you mean it, then you can have it. Yes,
+
+70
+00:05:05,260 --> 00:05:07,460
+thank you, Rawal. This is very creative response.
+
+71
+00:05:08,080 --> 00:05:10,700
+And I like it very much because she's responding 
+
+72
+00:05:10,700 --> 00:05:13,740
+to the poem from a Muslim perspective, you know? 
+
+73
+00:05:14,430 --> 00:05:17,890
+Because, I mean, we have our beliefs and, you
+
+74
+00:05:17,890 --> 00:05:23,610
+know, perhaps, you know, she responded that from a 
+
+75
+00:05:23,610 --> 00:05:26,490
+Muslim perspective because we believe, you know,
+
+76
+00:05:26,770 --> 00:05:29,630
+like Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala is only one, you 
+
+77
+00:05:29,630 --> 00:05:33,070
+know, and we have differences between, you know,
+
+78
+00:05:33,130 --> 00:05:36,310
+Islam and Christianity, other religions. Okay,
+
+79
+00:05:36,750 --> 00:05:40,910
+now, any other response? Yes? 
+
+80
+00:05:46,430 --> 00:05:49,870
+Hello everybody. Try to forgive me Allah.
+
+81
+00:05:50,390 --> 00:05:53,590
+Remorseful I am and I want to begin with a new 
+
+82
+00:05:53,590 --> 00:05:56,590
+life without any fright. Please Allah forgive me
+
+83
+00:05:56,590 --> 00:05:59,670
+about my telling of lies. I am trying to be a new
+
+84
+00:05:59,670 --> 00:06:03,090
+one, but I am sick for your life. I am admit I
+
+85
+00:06:03,090 --> 00:06:06,070
+have lots of faults, but I know you are the
+
+86
+00:06:06,070 --> 00:06:09,390
+greatest Lord. Regarding my eyes, I will keep it 
+
+87
+00:06:09,390 --> 00:06:14,430
+from the ugliness. According to my eyes, I have to
+
+88
+00:06:14,430 --> 00:06:17,810
+protect it from the liars. You and me have the
+
+89
+00:06:17,810 --> 00:06:21,130
+same and only enemy. By your power, you can burn
+
+90
+00:06:21,130 --> 00:06:26,260
+it by your harsh fire.So make me away from his
+
+91
+00:06:26,260 --> 00:06:29,820
+evil plans, and try to forgive me because of my
+
+92
+00:06:29,820 --> 00:06:32,900
+listening to Satan, your only enemy, and I will 
+
+93
+00:06:32,900 --> 00:06:36,000
+revenge from him, and this is my greatest pledge,
+
+94
+00:06:36,380 --> 00:06:39,780
+in order to make my life happiness, and allow me 
+
+95
+00:06:39,780 --> 00:06:42,980
+to enter your heaven. In short, the most thing I 
+
+96
+00:06:42,980 --> 00:06:45,970
+want to be happy from your adorer. Okay, thank you 
+
+97
+00:06:45,970 --> 00:06:49,190
+very much. You know, this shows like, you know, 
+
+98
+00:06:49,270 --> 00:06:53,870
+even the poem is written like, you know, by a
+
+99
+00:06:53,870 --> 00:06:58,390
+Christian who was mainly Catholic. But, you know,
+
+100
+00:06:58,430 --> 00:07:01,070
+we have something to share because, you know, her 
+
+101
+00:07:01,070 --> 00:07:04,030
+response is full of supplication. You know what
+
+102
+00:07:04,030 --> 00:07:06,950
+supplication means? She's imploring. She's 
+
+103
+00:07:06,950 --> 00:07:11,100
+imploring. She's praying. you know, and she's
+
+104
+00:07:11,100 --> 00:07:14,560
+hoping that God would take her to heaven, to
+
+105
+00:07:14,560 --> 00:07:18,400
+eternal paradise. So, you know, the poem is not 
+
+106
+00:07:18,400 --> 00:07:23,000
+totally, you know, contrary to our beliefs, but we 
+
+107
+00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:26,100
+have something to share. And perhaps, like, I 
+
+108
+00:07:26,100 --> 00:07:27,700
+still remember when I was teaching metaphysical 
+
+109
+00:07:27,700 --> 00:07:31,760
+poetry, I asked this question, to what extent do
+
+110
+00:07:31,760 --> 00:07:36,250
+you think that metaphysical poetry intersects or 
+
+111
+00:07:36,250 --> 00:07:40,610
+even deviates from our beliefs as Muslims. Okay,
+
+112
+00:07:40,930 --> 00:07:43,970
+now let's see your response orally. What do you
+
+113
+00:07:43,970 --> 00:07:47,230
+think, you know? What do you think? What do you
+
+114
+00:07:47,230 --> 00:07:48,570
+think of the poem? Yes, please. 
+
+115
+00:07:54,790 --> 00:07:55,230
+Yes.
+
+116
+00:07:59,270 --> 00:08:02,030
+So this is the idea of Trinity, the Father, the 
+
+117
+00:08:02,030 --> 00:08:07,410
+Son, and you know, The Lord. Okay. And so you know
+
+118
+00:08:07,410 --> 00:08:12,510
+that was disturbing to you? Sorry? So that was
+
+119
+00:08:12,510 --> 00:08:15,390
+disturbing to you. How did you feel about this? I 
+
+120
+00:08:15,390 --> 00:08:20,770
+feel his ideology is mistaken. You know, the 
+
+121
+00:08:20,770 --> 00:08:25,830
+belief itself, you know? In my mind. Okay.
+
+122
+00:08:33,340 --> 00:08:37,620
+Yeah if you like debate with you know a Christian
+
+123
+00:08:37,620 --> 00:08:40,460
+they would tell you like there was a debate
+
+124
+00:08:40,460 --> 00:08:43,780
+between Ahmed Didat and like you know a Muslim and
+
+125
+00:08:43,780 --> 00:08:47,320
+he said we are three but we are one you know it is 
+
+126
+00:08:47,320 --> 00:08:53,710
+like He said like a state of water when it is gas,
+
+127
+00:08:54,110 --> 00:08:58,750
+when it is liquid, when it is frozen. This is how 
+
+128
+00:08:58,750 --> 00:09:03,870
+they argue. And you have to prepare yourself how 
+
+129
+00:09:03,870 --> 00:09:08,210
+to argue against also this. Good. What do you 
+
+130
+00:09:08,210 --> 00:09:09,990
+think? Yes?
+
+131
+00:09:12,870 --> 00:09:15,950
+The language easy and difficult at the same time?
+
+132
+00:09:16,810 --> 00:09:20,110
+Yeah, yeah, like you like the language is easy, 
+
+133
+00:09:20,430 --> 00:09:23,350
+but the ideas are difficult. Yes, you are right.
+
+134
+00:09:23,710 --> 00:09:28,870
+The language, you know, is easy, but the ideas are 
+
+135
+00:09:28,870 --> 00:09:34,290
+difficult. I don't know. Do you know why? Do you 
+
+136
+00:09:34,290 --> 00:09:38,770
+know why? Who can tell me why? The language, if 
+
+137
+00:09:38,770 --> 00:09:42,150
+you look, better my hearty person got. The word
+
+138
+00:09:42,150 --> 00:09:45,830
+better might be difficult, but it's easy. Usurp 
+
+139
+00:09:45,830 --> 00:09:51,910
+might be difficult. So I think the poet uses
+
+140
+00:09:51,910 --> 00:09:59,190
+simple words, but I bet like a lot of you found it
+
+141
+00:09:59,190 --> 00:10:05,610
+difficult to understand. Why? Why? Was it
+
+142
+00:10:05,610 --> 00:10:11,290
+ambiguous? Yes? Okay, for religious reasons,
+
+143
+00:10:11,430 --> 00:10:15,730
+because we don't understand the creed. Because,
+
+144
+00:10:17,090 --> 00:10:23,610
+you know, of the argument. Yeah, I think when you 
+
+145
+00:10:23,610 --> 00:10:27,110
+have an argument, it is easy to understand. But
+
+146
+00:10:27,110 --> 00:10:29,030
+you are not answering the question in my mind, you
+
+147
+00:10:29,030 --> 00:10:31,490
+know, you're not reaching the answer in my mind.
+
+148
+00:10:31,590 --> 00:10:35,990
+Yes. Yes. What do you mean metaphorical? 
+
+149
+00:10:38,530 --> 00:10:41,010
+And I think you are clever in analyzing a 
+
+150
+00:10:41,010 --> 00:10:45,190
+metaphor, you know? Okay, what do you think? Yeah, 
+
+151
+00:10:45,290 --> 00:10:47,530
+you're right to some extent, but you have to 
+
+152
+00:10:47,530 --> 00:10:51,270
+develop this idea. Yes? Maybe because he wrote it 
+
+153
+00:10:51,270 --> 00:10:54,490
+to the intellectual people, so they will
+
+154
+00:10:54,490 --> 00:10:57,950
+understand it. Yes, but you know, what are the
+
+155
+00:10:57,950 --> 00:11:00,730
+features of difficulty in this poem? Why it is
+
+156
+00:11:00,730 --> 00:11:03,430
+difficult? Yes? Paradoxes. Excellent. The
+
+157
+00:11:03,430 --> 00:11:09,170
+paradoxes. The conceits. You know? When you are 
+
+158
+00:11:09,170 --> 00:11:11,470
+using paradoxes and conceits, even though the 
+
+159
+00:11:11,470 --> 00:11:14,650
+language is simple, but still you are having
+
+160
+00:11:14,650 --> 00:11:19,190
+difficulty in analyzing because you need to employ
+
+161
+00:11:19,190 --> 00:11:23,050
+your mind to analyze those paradoxes and conceits.
+
+162
+00:11:23,390 --> 00:11:25,430
+And this is what I'm trying to get you to do 
+
+163
+00:11:25,430 --> 00:11:31,290
+today. Yes? More? What do you think? Yes, please.
+
+164
+00:11:31,450 --> 00:11:36,270
+How did you find the poem? Not easy. Why? What do 
+
+165
+00:11:36,270 --> 00:11:37,050
+you mean by not easy? 
+
+166
+00:11:44,260 --> 00:11:48,420
+So you want like everything to be without 
+
+167
+00:11:48,420 --> 00:11:52,900
+reasoning or what? I think nowadays, you know, we
+
+168
+00:11:52,900 --> 00:11:56,060
+in
+
+169
+00:11:56,060 --> 00:11:59,260
+this century, we are in the age of technology and
+
+170
+00:11:59,260 --> 00:12:05,160
+still we appreciate what is being thought of this
+
+171
+00:12:05,160 --> 00:12:08,940
+in this way. I mean, thought of in this way. So we
+
+172
+00:12:08,940 --> 00:12:13,220
+still accept, we like intellectual things.Okay,
+
+173
+00:12:13,900 --> 00:12:17,180
+there. How did you find the poem? It's an easy
+
+174
+00:12:17,180 --> 00:12:21,960
+question. Yes? When I read the poem, I felt 
+
+175
+00:12:21,960 --> 00:12:24,700
+horrible because like when I read the lines, I 
+
+176
+00:12:24,700 --> 00:12:28,280
+feel that I remember the judgment day and we 
+
+177
+00:12:28,280 --> 00:12:32,220
+haven't got anything, our mistakes, our sins and
+
+178
+00:12:32,220 --> 00:12:37,360
+since that and despite this poem is for a 
+
+179
+00:12:37,360 --> 00:12:41,420
+Christian one and there are many Christian ideas,
+
+180
+00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:45,240
+it also invites us to think about ourselves and
+
+181
+00:12:45,240 --> 00:12:48,450
+our Muslim and our Islam But our Muslim
+
+182
+00:12:48,450 --> 00:12:54,870
+perspectives, since we should think about how to
+
+183
+00:12:54,870 --> 00:12:59,050
+renew and how to free ourselves from our sins and
+
+184
+00:12:59,050 --> 00:13:02,130
+mistakes. Yeah, how to free our, yes. So we might 
+
+185
+00:13:02,130 --> 00:13:05,030
+share the poet the same experience because here we 
+
+186
+00:13:05,030 --> 00:13:11,390
+have a poet or a persona who is happy. Now what?
+
+187
+00:13:12,030 --> 00:13:22,130
+Sad? Was he sad or happy? Quickly. Sad. Why? Don't 
+
+188
+00:13:22,130 --> 00:13:24,670
+tell me because he was happy, he was sad. Because
+
+189
+00:13:24,670 --> 00:13:27,930
+this is a paradox. Why was he sad?
+
+190
+00:13:31,030 --> 00:13:33,510
+Oh, three people are answering. Why was he sad?
+
+191
+00:13:34,450 --> 00:13:37,910
+
+223
+00:15:58,300 --> 00:16:01,950
+much. Very good. The idea of original sin is very 
+
+224
+00:16:01,950 --> 00:16:05,730
+important, you know, and original sin, like, this
+
+225
+00:16:05,730 --> 00:16:08,990
+is like central to Catholic and Protestant, you
+
+226
+00:16:08,990 --> 00:16:12,790
+know, and even the Protestants said, like, in 
+
+227
+00:16:12,790 --> 00:16:16,810
+Adam's fall, we sinned all, because all, you know,
+
+228
+00:16:16,990 --> 00:16:20,510
+the Christian, whether Protestant or Catholic, you 
+
+229
+00:16:20,510 --> 00:16:24,330
+know, believe that we, people are born sinners,
+
+230
+00:16:24,870 --> 00:16:26,990
+and this is the original sin. You might have an
+
+231
+00:16:26,990 --> 00:16:30,440
+idea about the original sin. But the Protestants
+
+232
+00:16:30,440 --> 00:16:34,840
+thought that you can free yourself out of this sin
+
+233
+00:16:34,840 --> 00:16:40,240
+by good deeds. and by good deeds. However, the 
+
+234
+00:16:40,240 --> 00:16:47,780
+Catholics believe that you can free yourself out 
+
+235
+00:16:47,780 --> 00:16:53,480
+of the sins by your body. See? By your body.
+
+236
+00:16:53,520 --> 00:16:57,460
+Exactly like when Jesus Christ sacrificed his body
+
+237
+00:16:57,460 --> 00:17:04,320
+on the cross and then he purified his soul, he 
+
+238
+00:17:04,320 --> 00:17:09,390
+redeemed even humankind. Okay? Good. Thank you for
+
+239
+00:17:09,390 --> 00:17:12,350
+bringing these ideas because, you know, they will
+
+240
+00:17:12,350 --> 00:17:15,530
+help us. And that's why I think everybody should 
+
+241
+00:17:15,530 --> 00:17:19,030
+come ready with a response. A final thing before 
+
+242
+00:17:19,030 --> 00:17:27,050
+we start? Good. Yes? Did he ask God to forgive 
+
+243
+00:17:27,050 --> 00:17:27,390
+him?
+
+244
+00:17:34,420 --> 00:17:39,700
+During the poem, he asks for forgiveness for being 
+
+245
+00:17:39,700 --> 00:17:44,320
+guilty and dealing with Satan, taking the way of 
+
+246
+00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:47,780
+Satan. But like, where is that? I don't think, you 
+
+247
+00:17:47,780 --> 00:17:50,840
+know, it is in the poem. He's asking God for, you
+
+248
+00:17:50,840 --> 00:17:52,960
+know. You can understand from the whole poem. 
+
+249
+00:17:53,360 --> 00:17:58,570
+Yeah. From the whole poem, you know? Because I 
+
+250
+00:17:58,570 --> 00:18:01,770
+think, you know, take me to you, imprison me, for
+
+251
+00:18:01,770 --> 00:18:04,410
+I accept you, enthrone me, shall never be free,
+
+252
+00:18:05,110 --> 00:18:07,690
+and never ever chase except you ravage me, you 
+
+253
+00:18:07,690 --> 00:18:13,280
+know? So it is there in the poem, like, he thinks
+
+254
+00:18:13,280 --> 00:18:16,920
+that he will not be free, free out of sins,
+
+255
+00:18:17,340 --> 00:18:22,100
+unless, you know, he, God, you know, imprisons 
+
+256
+00:18:22,100 --> 00:18:26,080
+him, you know, and this is like one of the many
+
+257
+00:18:26,080 --> 00:18:29,520
+paradoxes we're having in the poem. Okay, it's
+
+258
+00:18:29,520 --> 00:18:32,780
+good, like, before we start, do you think this 
+
+259
+00:18:32,780 --> 00:18:39,730
+poem is full of paradoxes? Okay, let's try to list
+
+260
+00:18:39,730 --> 00:18:42,450
+them, you know, take two minutes, tell me what are 
+
+261
+00:18:42,450 --> 00:18:46,510
+the paradoxes in the poem. Okay, just like how 
+
+262
+00:18:46,510 --> 00:18:51,510
+many paradoxes do we have in the poem? Okay, let's 
+
+263
+00:18:51,510 --> 00:18:56,510
+see now. Yes, what are the paradoxes in the poem?
+
+264
+00:18:58,990 --> 00:18:59,510
+Yes?
+
+265
+00:19:03,580 --> 00:19:08,500
+Yes, how can you, can you flatten this? You know 
+
+266
+00:19:08,500 --> 00:19:11,560
+what I mean? Flatten it, you know, just like make
+
+267
+00:19:11,560 --> 00:19:19,880
+it easy, accessible. Can you flatten it? Also, I 
+
+268
+00:19:19,880 --> 00:19:23,640
+don't think that you are going to break a lot of 
+
+269
+00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:25,260
+things in your house to make them new. 
+
+270
+00:19:32,460 --> 00:19:37,080
+I don't know, like how? Yeah, but, yeah, I mean, 
+
+271
+00:19:37,260 --> 00:19:40,460
+do you think this, can you, in your mind, like, 
+
+272
+00:19:41,300 --> 00:19:43,360
+think of something which is burned, which is 
+
+273
+00:19:43,360 --> 00:19:45,620
+broken, and then it is made anew?
+
+274
+00:19:48,420 --> 00:19:52,620
+No? No, sometimes, like when we burn a rod of
+
+275
+00:19:52,620 --> 00:19:57,210
+iron, You know, when it is rusty, we burn it, and
+
+276
+00:19:57,210 --> 00:19:58,910
+then it becomes shining. You see what I mean? 
+
+277
+00:19:59,330 --> 00:20:04,470
+Because the rust. So this makes sense. But I don't 
+
+278
+00:20:04,470 --> 00:20:06,930
+know how you break something to make it new.
+
+279
+00:20:10,310 --> 00:20:16,650
+For example, a door which is always causing you a 
+
+280
+00:20:16,650 --> 00:20:18,910
+problem, and you want to make a new door, you 
+
+281
+00:20:18,910 --> 00:20:21,950
+break it, and then it opens easily. 
+
+282
+00:20:28,290 --> 00:20:29,450
+Yes? Yes, 
+
+283
+00:20:41,890 --> 00:20:44,950
+so you mean when, like when he's burned, when the 
+
+284
+00:20:44,950 --> 00:20:50,530
+body is burned, all the sins will fly away, you
+
+285
+00:20:50,530 --> 00:20:53,350
+know, and he will be a new person without sins.
+
+286
+00:20:54,540 --> 00:20:58,820
+And this is central, as we said, to the Catholic
+
+287
+00:20:58,820 --> 00:21:02,320
+beliefs, because they believe that it is the body 
+
+288
+00:21:02,320 --> 00:21:06,180
+which is the place of the sin. Once the body is 
+
+289
+00:21:06,180 --> 00:21:09,860
+burned, all the sins will go away and you will be
+
+290
+00:21:09,860 --> 00:21:15,960
+free again. Wow, good. Yes. Yes? There is another
+
+291
+00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:20,320
+one, imprison me. Yeah, imprison me to make me 
+
+292
+00:21:20,320 --> 00:21:22,920
+free. Wow. Imprison me to make me free.
+
+293
+00:21:33,310 --> 00:21:40,450
+Can you like flatten or explicate this paradox 
+
+294
+00:21:40,450 --> 00:21:43,510
+from a daily situation, you know, or a situation 
+
+295
+00:21:43,510 --> 00:21:48,870
+from our life? How is in prison or how is prison
+
+296
+00:21:48,870 --> 00:21:56,460
+freedom? You know? How sometimes his prison, look 
+
+297
+00:21:56,460 --> 00:21:59,960
+at him at Khaled. Khaled is, you know, there in 
+
+298
+00:21:59,960 --> 00:22:03,200
+the boot. He's imprisoned, but he's free. He can 
+
+299
+00:22:03,200 --> 00:22:05,620
+look at us. He can, you know, smile. He can 
+
+300
+00:22:05,620 --> 00:22:08,880
+everything, you know? Yes? Like people who are 
+
+301
+00:22:08,880 --> 00:22:12,240
+imprisoned in their own land, they are free of the
+
+302
+00:22:12,240 --> 00:22:15,560
+prisons? Yes, look at us. We are in our land. We
+
+303
+00:22:15,560 --> 00:22:19,040
+are in a siege. You know, we are imprisoned, but 
+
+304
+00:22:19,040 --> 00:22:22,550
+we are happy because this is our land. You know,
+
+305
+00:22:22,870 --> 00:22:25,830
+it is better to be imprisoned in a different land. 
+
+306
+00:22:26,550 --> 00:22:29,150
+So when we are imprisoned, and this is like 
+
+307
+00:22:29,150 --> 00:22:32,830
+perhaps the mistake of our grandparents when of 
+
+308
+00:22:32,830 --> 00:22:35,970
+course they were forced to leave, you know, but 
+
+309
+00:22:35,970 --> 00:22:39,430
+now they prefer like they felt sorry because they
+
+310
+00:22:39,430 --> 00:22:42,530
+left because the Arab leaders told them to leave,
+
+311
+00:22:43,050 --> 00:22:46,040
+you know, and in 15 days they will go back. You
+
+312
+00:22:46,040 --> 00:22:49,520
+see what I mean? So yes, we are under the siege, 
+
+313
+00:22:50,120 --> 00:22:52,700
+but we still, we are happy because this is our
+
+314
+00:22:52,700 --> 00:22:57,760
+country. You know, this is our country. Good.
+
+315
+00:23:01,280 --> 00:23:01,780
+More,
+
+316
+00:23:04,460 --> 00:23:07,320
+yeah, paradoxes, but let me just remind you, I 
+
+317
+00:23:07,320 --> 00:23:11,020
+think once Ibn Taymiyyah said like, you know, my 
+
+318
+00:23:11,020 --> 00:23:15,820
+prison, you know, is a solitude for me, a 
+
+319
+00:23:15,820 --> 00:23:19,840
+solitude. You know what solitude means? It's like
+
+320
+00:23:19,840 --> 00:23:24,520
+it's a place where he can worship God easily. And
+
+321
+00:23:24,520 --> 00:23:27,740
+look at our prisoners, like those who were freed 
+
+322
+00:23:27,740 --> 00:23:30,720
+prisoners, they were released. Most of them were
+
+323
+00:23:30,720 --> 00:23:34,100
+knowledgeable. Most of them were scholars. You 
+
+324
+00:23:34,100 --> 00:23:35,920
+know, they were educated and they were 
+
+325
+00:23:35,920 --> 00:23:39,050
+intellectuals. because they were in prison, they 
+
+326
+00:23:39,050 --> 00:23:41,930
+were not wasting their time, they were reading. So
+
+327
+00:23:41,930 --> 00:23:45,330
+prison for them freed them from ignorance, from 
+
+328
+00:23:45,330 --> 00:23:48,710
+illiteracy.
+
+329
+00:23:49,930 --> 00:23:54,070
+Okay, good. So I'm very happy. That's why we think 
+
+330
+00:23:54,070 --> 00:23:57,770
+that metaphysical poetry is intellectual, because 
+
+331
+00:23:57,770 --> 00:24:02,630
+it needs a skill of analyzing. A skill of 
+
+332
+00:24:02,630 --> 00:24:08,970
+analysis, yes. Good. More, more. Like, so far, you
+
+333
+00:24:08,970 --> 00:24:14,810
+have burn make me new. This is number one. You
+
+334
+00:24:14,810 --> 00:24:18,390
+know, imprison me to make free. Free, where is 
+
+335
+00:24:18,390 --> 00:24:21,690
+that? The third. 
+
+336
+00:24:25,470 --> 00:24:30,050
+Okay. The bottom, yeah. Imprison me to make me 
+
+337
+00:24:30,050 --> 00:24:34,250
+free. And I think, you know, it is the same idea, 
+
+338
+00:24:34,610 --> 00:24:39,170
+enthrall me, which is imprison. Okay, what else?
+
+339
+00:24:39,750 --> 00:24:46,650
+What about, you know, shine and break, break in
+
+340
+00:24:46,650 --> 00:24:53,190
+order to mend? You know? Yeah. Yes. Overthrow me
+
+341
+00:24:53,190 --> 00:24:58,410
+to rise again. Like once been overthrown, knock me
+
+342
+00:24:58,410 --> 00:25:03,130
+down to rise again. Do we have this in our 
+
+343
+00:25:04,030 --> 00:25:07,490
+Religion, like, do we, you know, sometimes pray
+
+344
+00:25:07,490 --> 00:25:14,650
+God, like, to do this for us? How? Like, how do 
+
+345
+00:25:14,650 --> 00:25:19,570
+we, like, ask God, like, yeah, Allah to do this
+
+346
+00:25:19,570 --> 00:25:24,970
+for us? You know, I sometimes I hear some people 
+
+347
+00:25:24,970 --> 00:25:32,100
+say, may I, you know, live a poor, and like even
+
+348
+00:25:32,100 --> 00:25:36,580
+be accompanied by the poor in the day after like 
+
+349
+00:25:36,580 --> 00:25:40,560
+in you know they they they say that and some
+
+350
+00:25:40,560 --> 00:25:45,020
+people you know are happy when they are inflicted
+
+351
+00:25:45,020 --> 00:25:49,740
+you know what's mean inflicted they are happy you
+
+352
+00:25:49,740 --> 00:25:54,500
+know they become patient so we have something
+
+353
+00:25:54,500 --> 00:25:57,060
+similar to this like yes
+
+354
+00:26:13,860 --> 00:26:20,480
+So mistake is not seen totally as something
+
+355
+00:26:20,480 --> 00:26:26,720
+negative. Mistake is something foolish, but if we 
+
+356
+00:26:26,720 --> 00:26:30,280
+don't Like sometimes it is seen as something good, 
+
+357
+00:26:30,520 --> 00:26:35,940
+because it is a chance for us to learn, to repent. 
+
+358
+00:26:36,480 --> 00:26:40,240
+So a mistake is not totally seen as something bad. 
+
+359
+00:26:40,540 --> 00:26:44,100
+Yes? When Allah inflicted us by a difficult 
+
+360
+00:26:44,100 --> 00:26:47,000
+situation, we go back to Him, we improve. Yes,
+
+361
+00:26:47,060 --> 00:26:49,560
+very good, very good. Yes, when we are inflicted, 
+
+362
+00:26:49,940 --> 00:26:53,620
+we become close to our Creator. We become close.
+
+363
+00:26:54,060 --> 00:26:57,770
+And this is an advantage of inflection. Wow, good. 
+
+364
+00:26:58,370 --> 00:27:02,350
+So I think you started to be metaphysical. You 
+
+365
+00:27:02,350 --> 00:27:08,580
+started to be intellectual. Good. So more? I know 
+
+366
+00:27:08,580 --> 00:27:12,640
+the last line is a little bit difficult. It is 
+
+367
+00:27:12,640 --> 00:27:16,000
+very erotic, but this has to do with the queer,
+
+368
+00:27:16,220 --> 00:27:20,000
+the strange philosophy of John Donne, which has to 
+
+369
+00:27:20,000 --> 00:27:24,500
+do with their beliefs. Okay, I don't want to
+
+370
+00:27:24,500 --> 00:27:29,880
+explain this now, but later. Let's see. Better my
+
+371
+00:27:29,880 --> 00:27:36,390
+heart, three person God. Better my heart. You can 
+
+372
+00:27:36,390 --> 00:27:42,210
+say batter my heart, break. Why not, you know, 
+
+373
+00:27:42,250 --> 00:27:46,550
+like batter my heart? The word batter make it into 
+
+374
+00:27:46,550 --> 00:27:51,290
+shutter. Batter means batter my heart. So what
+
+375
+00:27:51,290 --> 00:27:56,330
+does the word batter, if he says like, you know,
+
+376
+00:27:57,910 --> 00:28:06,560
+no, no, no. Not bomb. destroy even though I'm just 
+
+377
+00:28:06,560 --> 00:28:13,060
+like looking for a more remove my heart change my 
+
+378
+00:28:13,060 --> 00:28:17,740
+heart yeah but why is better my heart is more
+
+379
+00:28:17,740 --> 00:28:23,200
+effective and what does it mean better my heart it
+
+380
+00:28:23,200 --> 00:28:27,720
+is stronger and when because you know why why is 
+
+381
+00:28:27,720 --> 00:28:30,560
+he using stronger words he's angry with himself
+
+382
+00:28:33,440 --> 00:28:34,740
+Better my heart. 
+
+383
+00:28:38,600 --> 00:28:41,620
+Yeah, very good. Strong sin. You know, because the
+
+384
+00:28:41,620 --> 00:28:46,840
+sin is strong, so he needs a power, a force.
+
+385
+00:28:47,300 --> 00:28:50,660
+Better my heart. Three-person God. Three-person 
+
+386
+00:28:50,660 --> 00:28:54,640
+God. A three-person God, like this is a reference 
+
+387
+00:28:54,640 --> 00:28:59,980
+to Trinity. Trinity, the Father, the Son, and the
+
+388
+00:28:59,980 --> 00:29:06,350
+Holy Spirit. As yet, but not breathe, shine, and
+
+389
+00:29:06,350 --> 00:29:10,550
+seek to mend. Like, if you paraphrase this, it is
+
+390
+00:29:10,550 --> 00:29:17,510
+easy. I will never be mended unless, you know, I'm
+
+391
+00:29:17,510 --> 00:29:23,290
+broken, unless my heart is shattered and broken to
+
+392
+00:29:23,290 --> 00:29:28,470
+pieces. As yet, but not Without looking at me, 
+
+393
+00:29:28,910 --> 00:29:32,530
+without breathing, shining, and seek to mend, I 
+
+394
+00:29:32,530 --> 00:29:36,990
+cannot be mended. So look here how he perceives 
+
+395
+00:29:36,990 --> 00:29:40,730
+himself. He perceives himself as a guilty person 
+
+396
+00:29:40,730 --> 00:29:47,470
+who is, let's say, not fixed, not mended. He needs
+
+397
+00:29:47,470 --> 00:29:53,670
+some power to mend him. That I may rise and stand, 
+
+398
+00:29:54,410 --> 00:29:57,620
+overthrow me. Overthrow me. 
+
+399
+00:30:00,540 --> 00:30:07,920
+Overthrow me. Kill me. Bring me down. Overthrow 
+
+400
+00:30:07,920 --> 00:30:14,380
+me. Let me fall in order to rise. So how? This is 
+
+401
+00:30:14,380 --> 00:30:19,700
+the idea of infliction. We cannot be strong. You 
+
+402
+00:30:19,700 --> 00:30:22,660
+know, because when we are inflicted, we become
+
+403
+00:30:22,660 --> 00:30:28,470
+closer to God. We become very intransigent,
+
+404
+00:30:28,770 --> 00:30:35,550
+intransigent like very powerful. We become more
+
+405
+00:30:35,550 --> 00:30:41,070
+perseverant, more patient. Yes, that I may rise 
+
+406
+00:30:41,070 --> 00:30:47,410
+and stand, overthrow me, and bend. And bend what?
+
+407
+00:30:47,790 --> 00:30:54,590
+Your force to break, blow, burn, look, to break.
+
+408
+00:30:57,360 --> 00:31:05,20
+
+445
+00:34:34,610 --> 00:34:38,510
+I mean what is interesting here we are moving from
+
+446
+00:34:38,510 --> 00:34:44,230
+one conceit still like the conceit of being a
+
+447
+00:34:44,230 --> 00:34:48,330
+usurped town, we can understand it. And we
+
+448
+00:34:48,330 --> 00:34:52,250
+understand Satan, ah God, Satan is like occupier
+
+449
+00:34:52,250 --> 00:34:58,290
+and this town will not be freed
+
+450
+00:34:58,290 --> 00:35:07,010
+or let's say liberated until God
+
+451
+00:35:07,010 --> 00:35:13,230
+intervenes and then helps in that. Here, reason
+
+452
+00:35:13,230 --> 00:35:17,650
+your viceroy. Reason, what's mean viceroy? I
+
+453
+00:35:17,650 --> 00:35:21,470
+think, you know, like those who used to smoke,
+
+454
+00:35:21,990 --> 00:35:24,190
+they know that there is something called viceroy
+
+455
+00:35:24,190 --> 00:35:26,970
+cigarettes, you know, viceroy cigarettes. But
+
+456
+00:35:26,970 --> 00:35:31,330
+viceroy, what's mean viceroy? Ah, you have not
+
+457
+00:35:31,330 --> 00:35:34,690
+been preparing the poem. You have not been using
+
+458
+00:35:34,690 --> 00:35:40,150
+your dictionaries. I'm sorry. Huh? Viceroy means?
+
+459
+00:35:41,740 --> 00:35:46,400
+Deputy. Viceroy means representative.
+
+460
+00:35:48,480 --> 00:35:56,640
+Yeah. Your reason is your viceroy. And here
+
+461
+00:35:56,640 --> 00:35:59,680
+reason, it is more than the mind. It is the soul
+
+462
+00:35:59,680 --> 00:36:03,820
+itself. It is the soul, which, you know, is the
+
+463
+00:36:03,820 --> 00:36:08,570
+representative of God in man. You know? And I
+
+464
+00:36:08,570 --> 00:36:11,950
+think also as a Muslim, we think that we are, we
+
+465
+00:36:11,950 --> 00:36:15,630
+are having this divine power. This divine, this
+
+466
+00:36:15,630 --> 00:36:19,090
+divine thing in us, which is the soul, is from
+
+467
+00:36:19,090 --> 00:36:22,130
+God, from Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. So, he means,
+
+468
+00:36:22,690 --> 00:36:28,150
+reason your viceroy in me should defend, but is
+
+469
+00:36:28,150 --> 00:36:31,710
+captive, like this is the conceit, but is captive,
+
+470
+00:36:33,230 --> 00:36:38,600
+and proves weak or untrue. How God, how come it is
+
+471
+00:36:38,600 --> 00:36:43,940
+captive? What is captive here? The soul, the
+
+472
+00:36:43,940 --> 00:36:51,200
+reason. What is captive? What captivates? No, no,
+
+473
+00:36:51,640 --> 00:36:56,700
+no, no, no. If you don't answer this, you will
+
+474
+00:36:56,700 --> 00:36:58,800
+never understand the second conceit.
+
+475
+00:37:05,150 --> 00:37:06,110
+No, you're not warm?
+
+476
+00:37:10,070 --> 00:37:16,230
+Yes? Try to use your mind? No? I'm sorry, I won't
+
+477
+00:37:16,230 --> 00:37:18,010
+tell you until you answer it.
+
+478
+00:37:22,670 --> 00:37:26,370
+Yeah, the question is like, the soul is captive.
+
+479
+00:37:27,210 --> 00:37:30,170
+How? Can you elaborate this?
+
+480
+00:37:33,230 --> 00:37:37,130
+No, no, no, no. Yes, the body. Thank you very
+
+481
+00:37:37,130 --> 00:37:41,370
+much. It is captive by the body. The body for the
+
+482
+00:37:41,370 --> 00:37:45,430
+Christian is, you know, the place which, you know,
+
+483
+00:37:46,650 --> 00:37:51,210
+captures the soul. And the soul won't be itself
+
+484
+00:37:51,210 --> 00:37:55,170
+until it is... So this is the second conceit. You
+
+485
+00:37:55,170 --> 00:37:58,800
+see? So we have two conceits here. I think we have
+
+486
+00:37:58,800 --> 00:38:02,540
+to stop here because this poem, as you see, is
+
+487
+00:38:02,540 --> 00:38:08,400
+very interesting and it is realistic and it
+
+488
+00:38:08,400 --> 00:38:13,520
+requires some of our intellectualism, you know,
+
+489
+00:38:13,560 --> 00:38:17,330
+like we have to employ our understanding, but it
+
+490
+00:38:17,330 --> 00:38:19,690
+is very interesting. So next time we're going to
+
+491
+00:38:19,690 --> 00:38:23,490
+spend another class analyzing this poem and
+
+492
+00:38:23,490 --> 00:38:28,410
+perhaps like to give you some background or
+
+493
+00:38:28,410 --> 00:38:32,030
+revision about the exam. We can talk about this
+
+494
+00:38:32,030 --> 00:38:35,570
+either on Monday or Wednesday. Thank you very much
+
+495
+00:38:35,570 --> 00:38:38,530
+and continue preparing for this poem. 

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/3azuF_ecpkY_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1868 @@
+1
+00:00:13,160 --> 00:00:20,400
+Good morning everybody. How are you? So, you had
+
+2
+00:00:20,400 --> 00:00:24,400
+nice time I think over the weekend to enjoy
+
+3
+00:00:24,400 --> 00:00:30,530
+yourself and then to study, huh? Okay, good. Just
+
+4
+00:00:30,530 --> 00:00:35,630
+studying? No, you're kidding. Good. Today, you
+
+5
+00:00:35,630 --> 00:00:40,930
+know, we are going to see Raleigh's reply to
+
+6
+00:00:40,930 --> 00:00:49,050
+Marlow. So those who debated here for not going,
+
+7
+00:00:49,390 --> 00:00:52,630
+they're giving more credit today. See? Those who
+
+8
+00:00:52,630 --> 00:00:55,190
+said, no, I'm not going, they're giving more
+
+9
+00:00:55,190 --> 00:00:59,300
+credit. And those who said, I want to go, they are
+
+10
+00:00:59,300 --> 00:01:03,480
+in difficult situation. So they have to think of a
+
+11
+00:01:03,480 --> 00:01:06,900
+new poem, of a reply to the reply itself.
+
+12
+00:01:10,780 --> 00:01:14,640
+Yes, Raleigh, I mean, this poem, like a lot of
+
+13
+00:01:14,640 --> 00:01:20,500
+poets, wrote a reply to this. The most famous one
+
+14
+00:01:20,500 --> 00:01:26,570
+is Raleigh's Reply. And there is a reply, as you
+
+15
+00:01:26,570 --> 00:01:33,450
+see. I don't want to forget the report and the
+
+16
+00:01:33,450 --> 00:01:36,690
+response, of course, and to go through the poem.
+
+17
+00:01:37,230 --> 00:01:45,210
+So let's just start by a nice report. And yes?
+
+18
+00:01:56,500 --> 00:01:59,220
+When I remember the previous lecture, I began to
+
+19
+00:01:59,220 --> 00:02:01,860
+think, does that poem has a special taste by
+
+20
+00:02:01,860 --> 00:02:04,980
+having important and simple lengths? That was the
+
+21
+00:02:04,980 --> 00:02:07,660
+first question pops to my mind when I read the
+
+22
+00:02:07,660 --> 00:02:10,620
+poem for the first time. Then after attending the
+
+23
+00:02:10,620 --> 00:02:14,360
+previous lecture, I discovered that this poem was
+
+24
+00:02:14,360 --> 00:02:17,400
+too nice. As usual, from the very beginning, two
+
+25
+00:02:17,400 --> 00:02:20,840
+students set the reports. But unfortunately, I
+
+26
+00:02:20,840 --> 00:02:26,060
+forgot to begin with I forget to bring with me the
+
+27
+00:02:26,060 --> 00:02:29,220
+report I wrote. We continued our lecture by
+
+28
+00:02:29,220 --> 00:02:33,780
+criticizing it and giving more analysis. So we
+
+29
+00:02:33,780 --> 00:02:37,440
+began to think deeply and activated our minds by
+
+30
+00:02:37,440 --> 00:02:40,540
+sharing in that process. After that, the teacher
+
+31
+00:02:40,540 --> 00:02:43,140
+discussed the poem widely by asking some
+
+32
+00:02:43,140 --> 00:02:46,600
+questions. Consequently, I encouraged myself by
+
+33
+00:02:46,600 --> 00:02:51,390
+answering one question and taking a position. Mr.
+
+34
+00:02:51,550 --> 00:02:54,830
+Habib ordered us to write a paragraph about the
+
+35
+00:02:54,830 --> 00:02:57,370
+main theme. So, we began to write the paragraph,
+
+36
+00:02:57,690 --> 00:03:00,770
+but not too deep. To conclude that lecture was too
+
+37
+00:03:00,770 --> 00:03:04,010
+interesting and short that we felt unhappiness and
+
+38
+00:03:04,010 --> 00:03:07,030
+did not like to conclude. Okay, thank you very
+
+39
+00:03:07,030 --> 00:03:10,810
+much for having this feeling about the last class.
+
+40
+00:03:11,850 --> 00:03:17,910
+If anybody has another feeling, we don't mind. I
+
+41
+00:03:17,910 --> 00:03:21,070
+might need another, you know, report in which like
+
+42
+00:03:21,070 --> 00:03:26,190
+some absent students need to justify their
+
+43
+00:03:26,190 --> 00:03:34,430
+absence. Ola, do you have a report? Did you
+
+44
+00:03:34,430 --> 00:03:38,170
+watch them and you wrote about that? Okay, you
+
+45
+00:03:38,170 --> 00:03:42,690
+should have written, you know. Okay, the response.
+
+46
+00:03:43,890 --> 00:03:47,270
+Response to Raleigh. Yes.
+
+47
+00:03:51,790 --> 00:03:52,770
+Yes, you can.
+
+48
+00:04:01,110 --> 00:04:05,170
+Hello everybody. One day I woke up early then I
+
+49
+00:04:05,170 --> 00:04:07,390
+opened my window to see myself. Okay, could you
+
+50
+00:04:07,390 --> 00:04:10,600
+raise your voice please? One day I woke up early
+
+51
+00:04:10,600 --> 00:04:13,540
+then I opened my window to see a nice birds with
+
+52
+00:04:13,540 --> 00:04:16,620
+nice singing. When I looked at the sunshine I
+
+53
+00:04:16,620 --> 00:04:19,580
+heard a strange voice appealing, come live with me
+
+54
+00:04:19,580 --> 00:04:23,120
+and be my love. I looked to him and asked him, me,
+
+55
+00:04:23,380 --> 00:04:26,880
+you mean me? Yes, come with me and be my love.
+
+56
+00:04:27,180 --> 00:04:30,520
+What? What will you do to me to be your love? He
+
+57
+00:04:30,520 --> 00:04:34,280
+began to verse with me by nice words. We will sit
+
+58
+00:04:34,280 --> 00:04:36,860
+up on the rocks, seeing the shepherds feed their
+
+59
+00:04:36,860 --> 00:04:40,060
+flocks. I will make the bed of roses and a
+
+60
+00:04:40,060 --> 00:04:42,860
+thousand fragrant roses, a cup of flowers and
+
+61
+00:04:42,860 --> 00:04:43,280
+kerchief.
+
+62
+00:04:45,960 --> 00:04:49,420
+During his speech, another voice shouted aloud and
+
+63
+00:04:49,420 --> 00:04:52,760
+interrupted him. Don't believe him. He is a liar
+
+64
+00:04:52,760 --> 00:04:56,890
+man. I turn to him and ask him why you said that?
+
+65
+00:04:57,410 --> 00:05:00,670
+He will give me everything and make me and make my
+
+66
+00:05:00,670 --> 00:05:03,850
+life relaxed and nice and full of love. Also, he
+
+67
+00:05:03,850 --> 00:05:06,430
+will challenge everything to make me his love.
+
+68
+00:05:07,010 --> 00:05:12,060
+Please listen to me. Okay, what? their guns, their
+
+69
+00:05:12,060 --> 00:05:15,040
+shoes, their beds of roses, their girls, their
+
+70
+00:05:15,040 --> 00:05:17,800
+characters and their bosses. Soon it breaks, soon
+
+71
+00:05:17,800 --> 00:05:21,000
+withers, soon forgotten, and fully ripe and
+
+72
+00:05:21,000 --> 00:05:23,280
+reasonably rotten. Oh, my head will explode.
+
+73
+00:05:23,960 --> 00:05:26,840
+Marlow's words are romantic and it calls for a
+
+74
+00:05:26,840 --> 00:05:30,080
+happy life, and he uses an old pastoral style with
+
+75
+00:05:30,080 --> 00:05:33,440
+gifts and promises of a rural life, and he keeps
+
+76
+00:05:33,440 --> 00:05:36,620
+giving me promises in order to encourage me to
+
+77
+00:05:36,620 --> 00:05:39,760
+come with him. He thinks that the rural life is
+
+78
+00:05:39,760 --> 00:05:43,320
+the ideal one, so everything will be good. On the
+
+79
+00:05:43,320 --> 00:05:46,480
+other contrary, Ghali's reply is pessimistic and
+
+80
+00:05:46,480 --> 00:05:49,480
+much more realistic. He debunks the idea of
+
+81
+00:05:49,480 --> 00:05:52,910
+pastoral love because time is the destroyer of
+
+82
+00:05:52,910 --> 00:05:55,990
+everything and it cannot be controlled. As he
+
+83
+00:05:55,990 --> 00:05:59,970
+said, time drives blocks from fields to fold.
+
+84
+00:06:00,190 --> 00:06:03,410
+Here, Raleigh is inviting Marlow to stop dreaming
+
+85
+00:06:03,410 --> 00:06:06,410
+and be realistic because everything is immortal.
+
+86
+00:06:06,970 --> 00:06:10,130
+And this is the end of everything, including love.
+
+87
+00:06:10,350 --> 00:06:14,050
+Really, I'm very tired from both. So I will close
+
+88
+00:06:14,050 --> 00:06:16,770
+my window and go to my bed again. Okay, thank you
+
+89
+00:06:16,770 --> 00:06:20,990
+for the creative idea of writing your response.
+
+90
+00:06:22,300 --> 00:06:24,420
+It's very interesting. I know like some of you
+
+91
+00:06:24,420 --> 00:06:28,840
+started to lose interest in Marlo's poem because
+
+92
+00:06:28,840 --> 00:06:32,280
+of this poem. But still, like those who debated
+
+93
+00:06:32,280 --> 00:06:35,800
+for Marlo, they are looking at me and saying, no,
+
+94
+00:06:35,900 --> 00:06:43,900
+we haven't lost interest. Anyway, you know, let me
+
+95
+00:06:43,900 --> 00:06:45,880
+just like ask a couple of you, how did you feel
+
+96
+00:06:45,880 --> 00:06:52,240
+when you read Marlo? Yeah. Were you okay? Did you
+
+97
+00:06:52,240 --> 00:06:56,840
+get, like, convinced? How did you feel? It's about
+
+98
+00:06:56,840 --> 00:07:02,380
+your response. Yes or what? I felt that we are on
+
+99
+00:07:02,380 --> 00:07:05,620
+the earth. We are on the earth. We're no longer
+
+100
+00:07:05,620 --> 00:07:09,100
+flying, you know, with Marlow's golden promises.
+
+101
+00:07:09,600 --> 00:07:12,960
+Okay. Very good. I like this expression. Okay.
+
+102
+00:07:14,860 --> 00:07:21,030
+Yes? I think he exaggerated this and he is a You
+
+103
+00:07:21,030 --> 00:07:26,690
+know, Raleigh is exaggerating, you know? So life
+
+104
+00:07:26,690 --> 00:07:31,810
+is not like this, you know? Okay, he seems to be
+
+105
+00:07:31,810 --> 00:07:35,450
+realistic, but he's too much exaggerating reality.
+
+106
+00:07:36,530 --> 00:07:37,510
+Very good.
+
+107
+00:08:10,440 --> 00:08:14,000
+Now this is a rally No, Marlowe. Marlowe, yeah.
+
+108
+00:08:14,080 --> 00:08:16,300
+But like here, Raleigh, how do you feel about
+
+109
+00:08:16,300 --> 00:08:20,200
+Raleigh's response? To convince him or to
+
+110
+00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:24,440
+convince, to make the reader knows that anything
+
+111
+00:08:24,440 --> 00:08:29,720
+is not as depicted by Marlowe. Thank you. So he
+
+112
+00:08:29,720 --> 00:08:32,660
+wrote this in order like to ridicule Marlowe. He
+
+113
+00:08:32,660 --> 00:08:35,180
+wrote this in order to show that Marlowe was
+
+114
+00:08:35,180 --> 00:08:37,660
+wrong, was not telling the truth. Yes, please. I
+
+115
+00:08:37,660 --> 00:08:41,240
+think Raleigh was right because love and even the
+
+116
+00:08:41,240 --> 00:08:41,960
+word can still
+
+117
+00:08:48,620 --> 00:09:00,100
+So you think that Raleigh
+
+118
+00:09:00,100 --> 00:09:02,020
+is more convincing?
+
+119
+00:09:07,480 --> 00:09:10,700
+Both Milo and Brian, they had the two extremes,
+
+120
+00:09:11,100 --> 00:09:14,040
+but there's nothing in the middle. Like, I felt
+
+121
+00:09:14,040 --> 00:09:16,980
+like they're both taking two extremes, but there's
+
+122
+00:09:16,980 --> 00:09:19,160
+something in the middle. Like, he was a bit
+
+123
+00:09:19,160 --> 00:09:22,100
+realistic, but he was too realistic and too, like,
+
+124
+00:09:22,500 --> 00:09:23,980
+complicated. So you think, you know, there's
+
+125
+00:09:23,980 --> 00:09:27,080
+something in the middle. I mean, in our life, we
+
+126
+00:09:27,080 --> 00:09:30,340
+have to maintain a balance between two ways of
+
+127
+00:09:30,340 --> 00:09:33,680
+life. This is what you, you know, like, so we need
+
+128
+00:09:33,680 --> 00:09:36,340
+to debate, of course, to have a fair party. But
+
+129
+00:09:36,340 --> 00:09:39,770
+anyway. I don't know. Have you read the poem
+
+130
+00:09:39,770 --> 00:09:46,410
+aloud? How is it like, does it have the singing
+
+131
+00:09:46,410 --> 00:09:52,630
+tone of, yes? Yeah. Who wants like to, to tell me
+
+132
+00:09:52,630 --> 00:09:55,950
+how she read the poem? And you come here and like
+
+133
+00:09:55,950 --> 00:09:57,930
+you read the poem and it's in front of you.
+
+134
+00:10:01,270 --> 00:10:04,310
+I don't know. Would you like if all the world and
+
+135
+00:10:04,310 --> 00:10:08,730
+love were like this? I don't know. So, would it be
+
+136
+00:10:08,730 --> 00:10:14,830
+like what? All the words and love were young and
+
+137
+00:10:14,830 --> 00:10:18,590
+truth in every shepherd's tongue. These pretty
+
+138
+00:10:18,590 --> 00:10:22,330
+pleasures might be more to live with thee and be
+
+139
+00:10:22,330 --> 00:10:23,850
+thy love. Rana, do you want to give yourself?
+
+140
+00:10:25,150 --> 00:10:29,930
+Okay, you can. Yeah, yeah. You can come here. No,
+
+141
+00:10:30,010 --> 00:10:31,950
+just okay.
+
+142
+00:10:35,880 --> 00:10:40,380
+I'm not in the class right now. Did we take this
+
+143
+00:10:40,380 --> 00:10:43,100
+poem? Yeah, of course. Yeah? I don't remember.
+
+144
+00:10:43,220 --> 00:10:46,120
+Yeah, go ahead. Okay. If all the world and love
+
+145
+00:10:46,120 --> 00:10:49,120
+were young, and truth in every shepherd's tongue,
+
+146
+00:10:49,440 --> 00:10:52,720
+these pretty pleasures might we move, to live with
+
+147
+00:10:52,720 --> 00:10:56,460
+thee and be thy love. Time drives the flocks from
+
+148
+00:10:56,460 --> 00:10:59,680
+field to fold, when rivers rage and rocks grow
+
+149
+00:10:59,680 --> 00:11:01,460
+old, and ...
+
+150
+00:11:06,540 --> 00:11:11,480
+And the philomel becomes dumb, the rest complains
+
+151
+00:11:11,480 --> 00:11:15,100
+of cares to come. The flowers do fade and wanton
+
+152
+00:11:15,100 --> 00:11:20,120
+fields to wayward winter reckoning yields. A honey
+
+153
+00:11:20,120 --> 00:11:23,420
+tongue, a heart of gall is fancy spring, but
+
+154
+00:11:23,420 --> 00:11:29,360
+sorrows fall. Okay. What? Thy gowns. Thy gowns,
+
+155
+00:11:29,420 --> 00:11:33,040
+thy shoes, thy beds of roses, thy cap, thy curdle,
+
+156
+00:11:33,180 --> 00:11:34,380
+and thy posies.
+
+157
+00:11:36,940 --> 00:11:39,300
+Soon break. Soon break, soon wither, soon
+
+158
+00:11:39,300 --> 00:11:43,440
+forgotten, in folly ripe, in season rotten. Thy
+
+159
+00:11:43,440 --> 00:11:47,040
+belt of straw and ivy buds, thy coral clasp and
+
+160
+00:11:47,040 --> 00:11:51,080
+amber studs. All these in me no means can move to
+
+161
+00:11:51,080 --> 00:11:55,070
+come to thee and be thy love. But could youth last
+
+162
+00:11:55,070 --> 00:11:58,830
+and love still breathe? Had joys no date nor age
+
+163
+00:11:58,830 --> 00:12:02,830
+no need? Then these delights my mind might move to
+
+164
+00:12:02,830 --> 00:12:05,630
+live with thee and be thy love. Thank you very
+
+165
+00:12:05,630 --> 00:12:09,950
+much. How romantic. Thank you. Yeah, I know the
+
+166
+00:12:09,950 --> 00:12:13,630
+word philomel was a problem. Okay, philomel
+
+167
+00:12:13,630 --> 00:12:17,960
+nightingale, the nightingale. It is a metonymy of
+
+168
+00:12:17,960 --> 00:12:23,240
+joy, of happiness. In fact, it's an image, but it
+
+169
+00:12:23,240 --> 00:12:27,360
+is not a nightingale. It's a full moon because it
+
+170
+00:12:27,360 --> 00:12:32,120
+seems like Raleigh does not want to imply anything
+
+171
+00:12:32,120 --> 00:12:34,840
+or to hint to anything beautiful because he's
+
+172
+00:12:34,840 --> 00:12:38,820
+interested in showing the other side of life. In
+
+173
+00:12:38,820 --> 00:12:43,720
+fact, the way she read it is very good, but I have
+
+174
+00:12:43,720 --> 00:12:48,890
+to read it and listen. If all the world and love
+
+175
+00:12:48,890 --> 00:12:51,990
+were young, and truth in every shepherd's tongue,
+
+176
+00:12:52,590 --> 00:12:55,630
+these pretty pleasures might be moved to live with
+
+177
+00:12:55,630 --> 00:13:00,390
+thee and be thy love. Time drives the flocks from
+
+178
+00:13:00,390 --> 00:13:05,190
+field to fold. When rivers rage and rocks grow old
+
+179
+00:13:05,190 --> 00:13:09,850
+and philomel becomes dumb, there is complaints of
+
+180
+00:13:09,850 --> 00:13:14,270
+cares to come. The flowers do fade and wanton
+
+181
+00:13:14,270 --> 00:13:19,050
+feels to weigh word winter reckoning yields. A
+
+182
+00:13:19,050 --> 00:13:23,070
+honey tongue, a heart of gold, is fancy spring,
+
+183
+00:13:23,610 --> 00:13:28,250
+but soon is fall. Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy bed of
+
+184
+00:13:28,250 --> 00:13:33,570
+roses, thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy poses soon
+
+185
+00:13:33,570 --> 00:13:37,910
+break, soon wither, soon forgotten. In fall
+
+186
+00:13:37,910 --> 00:13:43,330
+arrived, in season rotten. Thy belt of straw, thy
+
+187
+00:13:43,330 --> 00:13:47,350
+belt of straw and ivy buds, thy coral clasp and
+
+188
+00:13:47,350 --> 00:13:53,150
+amber studs, all these in me no means can move to
+
+189
+00:13:53,150 --> 00:13:57,330
+come with thee and be thy love. But could youth
+
+190
+00:13:57,330 --> 00:14:01,790
+lust and love still breed, had joys no date nor
+
+191
+00:14:01,790 --> 00:14:08,430
+age no need, then these delights, my mind ma'mour,
+
+192
+00:14:08,950 --> 00:14:15,750
+to live with thee and be thy love. Okay. Thank
+
+193
+00:14:15,750 --> 00:14:21,290
+you. You see, like, I read it in order, like, to
+
+194
+00:14:21,290 --> 00:14:25,970
+give, you know, the approximate, you know, feeling
+
+195
+00:14:25,970 --> 00:14:31,340
+of the poem. But before, like, you know, You see,
+
+196
+00:14:31,640 --> 00:14:35,800
+I don't know if the word and love, the poem starts
+
+197
+00:14:35,800 --> 00:14:39,860
+by what? By F. So I don't know. We studied F at
+
+198
+00:14:39,860 --> 00:14:44,200
+school. And I find that to start, I'm not sure
+
+199
+00:14:44,200 --> 00:14:48,740
+whether you understand how we use F. So I have to
+
+200
+00:14:48,740 --> 00:14:56,080
+go to this and see how you understand F. Now Amal,
+
+201
+00:14:56,260 --> 00:15:01,820
+my assistant, does not speak French. So she cannot
+
+202
+00:15:01,820 --> 00:15:06,280
+live in France. This is, you know, a result. Now,
+
+203
+00:15:06,380 --> 00:15:08,580
+you might have a question this, like sometimes
+
+204
+00:15:08,580 --> 00:15:10,600
+when we were at school, we were teaching grammar
+
+205
+00:15:10,600 --> 00:15:14,460
+in this way. And, you know, it was in the exam a
+
+206
+00:15:14,460 --> 00:15:18,060
+question like this. Amal does not speak French, so
+
+207
+00:15:18,060 --> 00:15:21,660
+she cannot live in France. Do you want like to use
+
+208
+00:15:21,660 --> 00:15:26,960
+F? Use F. Okay. Do not be in hurry. Yeah.
+
+209
+00:15:30,250 --> 00:15:35,770
+Yes. No, use F. Start with F.
+
+210
+00:15:41,090 --> 00:15:41,590
+Okay.
+
+211
+00:15:44,810 --> 00:15:45,590
+Yes.
+
+212
+00:15:48,910 --> 00:15:52,610
+Okay. Yes.
+
+213
+00:15:56,050 --> 00:16:00,260
+Okay. I think, you know, so far, You know, here,
+
+214
+00:16:00,400 --> 00:16:03,520
+what is the fact? Amal does not speak French. Do
+
+215
+00:16:03,520 --> 00:16:08,520
+you speak French? No. Okay. So, as a result, she
+
+216
+00:16:08,520 --> 00:16:13,960
+cannot live. Okay. So, yes, Rawan? If Amal speaks
+
+217
+00:16:13,960 --> 00:16:17,320
+French, she would live in France. Okay. Should we
+
+218
+00:16:17,320 --> 00:16:20,900
+call Professor Grammar? No, let us call Professor
+
+219
+00:16:20,900 --> 00:16:24,300
+Grammar. Good morning, Mr. Professor Grammar.
+
+220
+00:16:24,500 --> 00:16:28,060
+Professor Grammar. Yes. My students are a little
+
+221
+00:16:28,060 --> 00:16:34,660
+bit confused. It should be like if Amal spoke
+
+222
+00:16:34,660 --> 00:16:42,060
+English, she would live. Thank you. He wanted to
+
+223
+00:16:42,060 --> 00:16:44,860
+say that. Thank you very much. So here the point
+
+224
+00:16:44,860 --> 00:16:52,060
+is like usually the assumption or if the
+
+225
+00:16:52,060 --> 00:16:55,880
+hypothesis is hypothesis. Now here she does not
+
+226
+00:16:55,880 --> 00:17:00,060
+speak French. This is the fact. So, the assumption
+
+227
+00:17:00,060 --> 00:17:05,440
+or the hypothesis is usually contrary to the fact.
+
+228
+00:17:05,900 --> 00:17:10,800
+So, if Amal spoke, it means that she doesn't
+
+229
+00:17:10,800 --> 00:17:18,620
+speak. Now, if I say, the word and love are not
+
+230
+00:17:18,620 --> 00:17:29,560
+enough. Okay? So, you know, I can come with you,
+
+231
+00:17:30,240 --> 00:17:33,480
+or so I cannot come with you. Okay? So how do you
+
+232
+00:17:33,480 --> 00:17:37,740
+want to do it? The word and love are not enough.
+
+233
+00:17:39,060 --> 00:17:42,680
+So how would you do it? Let me do it in a simple
+
+234
+00:17:42,680 --> 00:17:50,900
+way. My sister is not in Cairo, so I cannot meet
+
+235
+00:17:50,900 --> 00:17:57,070
+her there. Can you use... Okay, let me like use
+
+236
+00:17:57,070 --> 00:18:05,630
+this here She is not In
+
+237
+00:18:05,630 --> 00:18:15,350
+Cairo, sorry So
+
+238
+00:18:15,350 --> 00:18:17,790
+we want
+
+239
+00:18:23,630 --> 00:18:26,470
+It escapes me, you know?
+
+240
+00:18:34,950 --> 00:18:46,310
+What's happening is not in Cairo, so we won't see
+
+241
+00:18:46,310 --> 00:18:47,050
+the pyramids.
+
+242
+00:18:50,880 --> 00:18:52,360
+Can you use F?
+
+243
+00:18:56,280 --> 00:18:59,160
+Can you use F? Yes?
+
+244
+00:19:01,880 --> 00:19:09,000
+Excellent. Yes. If she were in Cairo, we what?
+
+245
+00:19:09,160 --> 00:19:13,880
+Yes, excellent. If you know, if she were, it means
+
+246
+00:19:13,880 --> 00:19:19,020
+she's not. She's in Cairo. No, I mean, okay, let's
+
+247
+00:19:19,020 --> 00:19:23,660
+see. We are in the class. So we can understand the
+
+248
+00:19:23,660 --> 00:19:32,300
+lesson. Can you use F? If we were not in the
+
+249
+00:19:32,300 --> 00:19:35,740
+class, it means we are in class. So I think
+
+250
+00:19:35,740 --> 00:19:39,220
+understanding the F sentence will help us to
+
+251
+00:19:39,220 --> 00:19:42,800
+understand the poem. Let's go to the poem again
+
+252
+00:19:42,800 --> 00:19:48,680
+and start. analyzing, explaining it, because, you
+
+253
+00:19:48,680 --> 00:19:52,820
+know, next time, I want you to see this poem as a
+
+254
+00:19:52,820 --> 00:19:56,800
+parody. So before, like seeing this as a parody,
+
+255
+00:19:57,320 --> 00:20:00,120
+let's like understand it, you know, more and more.
+
+256
+00:20:04,900 --> 00:20:08,540
+You know, it starts, as you see, the poem starts.
+
+257
+00:20:12,340 --> 00:20:12,900
+Okay.
+
+258
+00:20:22,910 --> 00:20:27,070
+It starts with F, if all the word and love were
+
+259
+00:20:27,070 --> 00:20:32,030
+young. So what does it mean? What does he want to
+
+260
+00:20:32,030 --> 00:20:37,970
+say? What does he want to say? Yes? The word and
+
+261
+00:20:37,970 --> 00:20:41,710
+love are not enough. You know, the word and love,
+
+262
+00:20:41,890 --> 00:20:45,790
+like these things, which are earthly things, are
+
+263
+00:20:45,790 --> 00:20:48,450
+not forever, are not immortal.
+
+264
+00:20:52,110 --> 00:20:56,130
+You know, they are old and what is old is going to
+
+265
+00:20:56,130 --> 00:20:59,310
+decay. This is what he wants to say. If all the
+
+266
+00:20:59,310 --> 00:21:04,950
+word and love were young and truth in every
+
+267
+00:21:04,950 --> 00:21:08,190
+shepherd's tongue. So what does he want to say
+
+268
+00:21:08,190 --> 00:21:12,630
+here? That the word and love are not enough and
+
+269
+00:21:12,630 --> 00:21:17,820
+the shepherds are liars. Look, this is a slap. I
+
+270
+00:21:17,820 --> 00:21:22,940
+saw a video, you know, like Raleigh and Marlow.
+
+271
+00:21:22,960 --> 00:21:25,140
+You can see it on the YouTube. He was slapping
+
+272
+00:21:25,140 --> 00:21:29,900
+him, you know, like this. Like, look here how he's
+
+273
+00:21:29,900 --> 00:21:32,320
+slapping him. Like the word and love are not
+
+274
+00:21:32,320 --> 00:21:38,020
+enough. And you are liars. You know, how come?
+
+275
+00:21:38,100 --> 00:21:42,150
+Like the shepherds are liars. I think some of you
+
+276
+00:21:42,150 --> 00:21:48,130
+will start feeling sympathy for Marlow. It's okay.
+
+277
+00:21:48,230 --> 00:21:51,250
+That's why we don't want to take. Then these
+
+278
+00:21:51,250 --> 00:21:54,910
+pretty pleasures might be moved to live with thee
+
+279
+00:21:54,910 --> 00:21:59,470
+and be thy love. Now it's very important to see
+
+280
+00:21:59,470 --> 00:22:02,350
+who's talking because this is like according to
+
+281
+00:22:02,350 --> 00:22:07,830
+Raleigh, she is the lady. So as you see, the lady
+
+282
+00:22:07,830 --> 00:22:13,090
+here is what? Is she? Yeah. How would you describe
+
+283
+00:22:13,090 --> 00:22:19,210
+her attitude? Yes. Yeah. So she is convinced not
+
+284
+00:22:19,210 --> 00:22:24,150
+to go and she seems to be, you know, she doesn't
+
+285
+00:22:24,150 --> 00:22:28,530
+believe. So she is what we call cynical. I like
+
+286
+00:22:28,530 --> 00:22:32,530
+the word cynical means, you know, unwilling to go.
+
+287
+00:22:33,050 --> 00:22:35,390
+Cynical means suspicious.
+
+288
+00:22:42,450 --> 00:22:48,310
+Yeah. She's cynical. She's skeptic.
+
+289
+00:22:57,290 --> 00:22:59,670
+Skeptic is written in two ways. You know, it could
+
+290
+00:22:59,670 --> 00:23:03,750
+be written with C as well. Okay. She's skeptic.
+
+291
+00:23:12,720 --> 00:23:17,000
+She doesn't believe what he says. If all the word
+
+292
+00:23:17,000 --> 00:23:21,720
+and love were young and truth in every shepherd's
+
+293
+00:23:21,720 --> 00:23:28,520
+tongue, these pretty pleasures might me move to
+
+294
+00:23:28,520 --> 00:23:32,160
+come with thee and thee, you know, and be thy
+
+295
+00:23:32,160 --> 00:23:37,770
+love. So we see, like the lady here, is unwilling.
+
+296
+00:23:38,570 --> 00:23:40,190
+She's reluctant.
+
+297
+00:23:42,570 --> 00:23:46,490
+But you know why? You cannot refuse without
+
+298
+00:23:46,490 --> 00:23:50,530
+justifying,
+
+299
+00:23:50,670 --> 00:23:54,710
+without warranting like what you have just said.
+
+300
+00:23:55,750 --> 00:24:04,390
+Time drives the flux from field to fold. Time.
+
+301
+00:24:07,180 --> 00:24:11,040
+Time, we saw in Spencer, time and tide, you know?
+
+302
+00:24:11,780 --> 00:24:17,020
+Time was metonymy or is metonymy of what? Death.
+
+303
+00:24:18,100 --> 00:24:21,460
+Look at this image. It's a very frightening image,
+
+304
+00:24:21,900 --> 00:24:30,240
+isn't it? Imagine time as being, you know, a power
+
+305
+00:24:30,240 --> 00:24:36,030
+which sweeps everything you know, from flux, you
+
+306
+00:24:36,030 --> 00:24:42,070
+know, the flux from field to fold. So let's see if
+
+307
+00:24:42,070 --> 00:24:46,450
+we accept that, you know, time is a metonymy of,
+
+308
+00:24:46,910 --> 00:24:52,330
+you know, time here is a metonymy of death. So
+
+309
+00:24:52,330 --> 00:24:58,030
+flux would be a metonymy of what? Of people. And
+
+310
+00:24:58,030 --> 00:25:02,190
+field would be a metonymy of what? Okay, thank
+
+311
+00:25:02,190 --> 00:25:10,210
+you. Yeah, I don't know. Yes. So time here, as we
+
+312
+00:25:10,210 --> 00:25:15,650
+said, it's a metonymy of death, drives, like it's
+
+313
+00:25:15,650 --> 00:25:21,510
+a verb, the flux. Metonymy of people, field, life,
+
+314
+00:25:21,970 --> 00:25:28,870
+unfold, grave. Let's look at this line. Imagine
+
+315
+00:25:28,870 --> 00:25:35,160
+life, imagine time, like a shepherd or like
+
+316
+00:25:35,160 --> 00:25:41,060
+somebody who's violent, driving the flux from
+
+317
+00:25:41,060 --> 00:25:45,400
+field to fold. Death is merciless. This is what he
+
+318
+00:25:45,400 --> 00:25:50,560
+wants to say. Death drives the flux from field to
+
+319
+00:25:50,560 --> 00:25:55,200
+fold. Look at the cluster of consonants. How?
+
+320
+00:25:56,620 --> 00:26:04,190
+Yeah. The time thrives. Look at the word thrives,
+
+321
+00:26:04,470 --> 00:26:09,030
+you know, it's hard. You know, the choice of words
+
+322
+00:26:09,030 --> 00:26:14,430
+do not show the smoothness of like we saw in
+
+323
+00:26:14,430 --> 00:26:18,510
+Marlow. We don't see the melody. We don't see the
+
+324
+00:26:18,510 --> 00:26:25,090
+soft tunes we saw in Marlow. Drives. Time drives
+
+325
+00:26:25,090 --> 00:26:31,630
+the flux, harshness. This harshness in like the
+
+326
+00:26:31,630 --> 00:26:35,330
+sound is parallel to the harshness of life itself.
+
+327
+00:26:36,610 --> 00:26:43,510
+Time drives the flux from field to fold. Very sad
+
+328
+00:26:43,510 --> 00:26:47,940
+image. The F sound. It shows how it is
+
+329
+00:26:47,940 --> 00:26:53,380
+frightening, how he is intimidated by this idea.
+
+330
+00:26:53,500 --> 00:26:55,820
+This idea is very intimidating, very frightening.
+
+331
+00:26:57,640 --> 00:27:02,660
+And then, when would this happen? When rivers rage
+
+332
+00:27:02,660 --> 00:27:08,560
+and rocks grow all cold. Reflect on this image
+
+333
+00:27:08,560 --> 00:27:13,370
+when rivers rage. It's an image which is similar.
+
+334
+00:27:13,830 --> 00:27:16,770
+Like this image is a biblical image, in fact. You
+
+335
+00:27:16,770 --> 00:27:19,410
+know, it's an image, you know, about the doomsday,
+
+336
+00:27:20,370 --> 00:27:25,810
+when like there will be flood, when rivers rage. I
+
+337
+00:27:25,810 --> 00:27:28,850
+mean, rivers, it's a metonymy of seas, rivers,
+
+338
+00:27:29,150 --> 00:27:33,430
+oceans. When they rage, when they get angry, you
+
+339
+00:27:33,430 --> 00:27:35,790
+know, this is a personal occasion. When rivers
+
+340
+00:27:35,790 --> 00:27:44,300
+rage and rocks grow cold. A rock stands for
+
+341
+00:27:44,300 --> 00:27:54,200
+anything, you know, strong. But in this upheaval,
+
+342
+00:27:54,840 --> 00:28:01,380
+in this change, in this upheaval, everything will
+
+343
+00:28:01,380 --> 00:28:07,840
+be upside down. When rivers rage and rocks grow,
+
+344
+00:28:08,200 --> 00:28:12,200
+look here, the air sound. It shows how harsh, how
+
+345
+00:28:12,200 --> 00:28:16,220
+difficult. When rivers rage and rocks grow cold
+
+346
+00:28:16,220 --> 00:28:23,520
+and filament, and filament becomes damp. A
+
+347
+00:28:23,520 --> 00:28:25,740
+filament, what do you think? It's a methanol of
+
+348
+00:28:25,740 --> 00:28:29,600
+what? Yes, thank you. It's a metonymy of the poet,
+
+349
+00:28:29,820 --> 00:28:33,220
+because a philomel is the one who sings. Now, what
+
+350
+00:28:33,220 --> 00:28:36,700
+will happen to the philomel at this? It will die.
+
+351
+00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:41,400
+It will be speechless. And philomel becomes dumb.
+
+352
+00:28:43,220 --> 00:28:48,180
+The rest complains of curse to come. Like the
+
+353
+00:28:48,180 --> 00:28:55,130
+rest, those who were not touched, they would be
+
+354
+00:28:55,130 --> 00:29:01,150
+waiting for more care to come. Very frightening.
+
+355
+00:29:03,890 --> 00:29:08,910
+Then, I mean, Raleigh started to look more closely
+
+356
+00:29:08,910 --> 00:29:14,950
+at the poem and say, the flowers. Now with this,
+
+357
+00:29:15,670 --> 00:29:18,590
+in this reality, what will happen to the flowers?
+
+358
+00:29:19,790 --> 00:29:23,710
+The flowers do fade. Again, the F sound. Do fade.
+
+359
+00:29:25,330 --> 00:29:30,750
+And wanton feels, playful feels, to way where
+
+360
+00:29:30,750 --> 00:29:40,250
+winter reckoning yields, like they will die. To
+
+361
+00:29:40,250 --> 00:29:44,850
+way where winter, way we're dying. You know, they
+
+362
+00:29:44,850 --> 00:29:49,190
+will be dying. And look here, everything will be
+
+363
+00:29:49,190 --> 00:29:53,450
+reversed. A honey tongue, what will the honey
+
+364
+00:29:53,450 --> 00:29:58,280
+tongue be? Yeah? A heart of gold. So things will
+
+365
+00:29:58,280 --> 00:30:02,240
+be turned upside down. What is sweet will be
+
+366
+00:30:02,240 --> 00:30:07,220
+bitter. You know? A honey tongue is a heart of
+
+367
+00:30:07,220 --> 00:30:12,260
+gold. It's fancy spring, but soon it's fall. So
+
+368
+00:30:12,260 --> 00:30:19,500
+the beauty of spring will be transformed into
+
+369
+00:30:19,500 --> 00:30:22,780
+sorrow. This is like paraphrasing.
+
+370
+00:30:26,310 --> 00:30:31,490
+Then what would happen to your promises? Thy
+
+371
+00:30:31,490 --> 00:30:37,910
+gowns. Thy, not my. Look at her. This is very
+
+372
+00:30:37,910 --> 00:30:41,350
+significant. Thy. Look at the repetition. Thy
+
+373
+00:30:41,350 --> 00:30:48,670
+gowns, thy shoes, thy bed of roses, thy cab, thy
+
+374
+00:30:48,670 --> 00:30:52,490
+kertil, and thy poses. So this repetition of thy,
+
+375
+00:30:52,650 --> 00:30:57,330
+thy, Do you feel like when I say, thy gowns, thy
+
+376
+00:30:57,330 --> 00:31:02,910
+shoes, thy bed of roses, thy cap? You know, it
+
+377
+00:31:02,910 --> 00:31:06,910
+creates a kind of monotony. What is monotony?
+
+378
+00:31:09,610 --> 00:31:14,570
+Monotony is a boring thing. It's monotonous, you
+
+379
+00:31:14,570 --> 00:31:19,900
+know? Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy bed of roses, thy
+
+380
+00:31:19,900 --> 00:31:24,280
+cap, thy cartel, and thy poses. Again using thy
+
+381
+00:31:24,280 --> 00:31:30,810
+shows like The lady here, the nymph, is not
+
+382
+00:31:30,810 --> 00:31:35,790
+interested at all. She wants to disengage herself,
+
+383
+00:31:36,030 --> 00:31:40,530
+to disassociate herself from the whole, you know,
+
+384
+00:31:40,930 --> 00:31:46,330
+promises. Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy bed of roses.
+
+385
+00:31:46,910 --> 00:31:51,470
+Look here, what was glittering, what was, you
+
+386
+00:31:51,470 --> 00:31:54,130
+know, a lovely promise, what was, you know,
+
+387
+00:31:54,530 --> 00:32:01,140
+something golden. is losing its beauty now, is
+
+388
+00:32:01,140 --> 00:32:05,840
+losing its shininess. Thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy
+
+389
+00:32:05,840 --> 00:32:12,140
+poses, soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten.
+
+390
+00:32:13,640 --> 00:32:16,000
+You know, look at the repetition of soon, soon,
+
+391
+00:32:16,160 --> 00:32:22,160
+soon. You know, soon break, soon wither, soon
+
+392
+00:32:22,160 --> 00:32:26,230
+forgotten. Yeah, like when you say soon, soon,
+
+393
+00:32:26,330 --> 00:32:28,370
+what is like the repetition of the word soon?
+
+394
+00:32:29,770 --> 00:32:35,090
+Yeah, it reflects what? Yes. Life is short.
+
+395
+00:32:35,430 --> 00:32:37,930
+Excellent. You know, everything will come to an
+
+396
+00:32:37,930 --> 00:32:43,810
+end. So death is inevitable, you know. Death is
+
+397
+00:32:43,810 --> 00:32:46,790
+inevitable. It should come sooner or later. Soon
+
+398
+00:32:46,790 --> 00:32:52,670
+break, soon wither, soon forgotten, infuriated, in
+
+399
+00:32:52,670 --> 00:32:57,810
+season rotten. Everything will come to an end. And
+
+400
+00:32:57,810 --> 00:33:04,290
+then she continues, Thy belt of straw and ivy
+
+401
+00:33:04,290 --> 00:33:04,690
+buds.
+
+402
+00:33:07,410 --> 00:33:10,370
+What will happen to thy belt of straws? Thy coral
+
+403
+00:33:10,370 --> 00:33:16,040
+clasp and amber studs. with this new revelation,
+
+404
+00:33:16,600 --> 00:33:22,000
+with this new reality. All these in me, no means
+
+405
+00:33:22,000 --> 00:33:26,340
+can move. Look at her. No means, you know. She's
+
+406
+00:33:26,340 --> 00:33:31,960
+very adamant. She's very reluctant to come to Thee
+
+407
+00:33:31,960 --> 00:33:33,280
+and be Thy love.
+
+408
+00:33:36,520 --> 00:33:44,030
+And the poem, you know, the last stanza, starts
+
+409
+00:33:44,030 --> 00:33:48,230
+also by hypothesis.
+
+410
+00:33:48,810 --> 00:33:54,750
+But could youth, like it is if youth lost and love
+
+411
+00:33:54,750 --> 00:33:59,330
+still breathed, what does it mean? Youth does not
+
+412
+00:33:59,330 --> 00:34:04,470
+last and love does not grow. Had joys no date,
+
+413
+00:34:05,430 --> 00:34:09,290
+joys have date. Joys are
+
+414
+00:34:12,380 --> 00:34:16,880
+circumscribed, limited. You know, joys are
+
+415
+00:34:16,880 --> 00:34:22,380
+permanent, they are temporal. Joys are limited by
+
+416
+00:34:22,380 --> 00:34:28,480
+time and nor age, nor date, nor need. Like joys
+
+417
+00:34:28,480 --> 00:34:37,000
+come to an end. Then these delights, my mind,
+
+418
+00:34:38,610 --> 00:34:42,430
+might move. Again, look here, mama, you know, it's
+
+419
+00:34:42,430 --> 00:34:47,790
+like speechless to live with thee and be thy love.
+
+420
+00:34:49,950 --> 00:34:54,970
+Yes, I think most of you are very sympathetic.
+
+421
+00:34:57,090 --> 00:35:01,830
+In fact, this poem is a parody.
+
+422
+00:35:04,630 --> 00:35:07,090
+You know what is a parody? What is a parody?
+
+423
+00:35:17,460 --> 00:35:18,020
+Yes,
+
+424
+00:35:29,960 --> 00:35:32,680
+you are right. So when we are talking about a
+
+425
+00:35:32,680 --> 00:35:38,240
+parody, the parado is, you know, like, an
+
+426
+00:35:38,240 --> 00:35:41,740
+imitation, but it is an imitation for the purpose
+
+427
+00:35:41,740 --> 00:35:45,640
+of ridicule, for the purpose of making fun, for
+
+428
+00:35:45,640 --> 00:35:52,100
+the purpose of satirizing. Yes, Raleigh here in
+
+429
+00:35:52,100 --> 00:35:56,420
+this poem is satirizing Marlow. Raleigh
+
+430
+00:35:58,990 --> 00:36:05,050
+was, as we said, was an, you know, an Elizabethan
+
+431
+00:36:05,050 --> 00:36:09,890
+expeditionist, you know? Like, he was a leader of
+
+432
+00:36:09,890 --> 00:36:13,790
+many expeditions that went to the New World. He
+
+433
+00:36:13,790 --> 00:36:17,090
+went to America. He was the advisor of the queen.
+
+434
+00:36:17,410 --> 00:36:22,350
+So he went on many trips. And he saw the reality
+
+435
+00:36:22,350 --> 00:36:27,390
+about the pastoral life. You know, he saw that,
+
+436
+00:36:27,750 --> 00:36:33,050
+you know, it was not as golden as it was, you
+
+437
+00:36:33,050 --> 00:36:36,750
+know, depicted by Marlow. Death was there. What
+
+438
+00:36:36,750 --> 00:36:40,670
+death? You know, there were indigenous people
+
+439
+00:36:40,670 --> 00:36:43,390
+dying, people suffering. There is agony. There is,
+
+440
+00:36:43,690 --> 00:36:47,840
+you know, so he contradicts himself. I don't know,
+
+441
+00:36:47,940 --> 00:36:51,520
+Marlowe did not live long, you know, to answer him
+
+442
+00:36:51,520 --> 00:36:55,280
+back. So we could have seen a series of like,
+
+443
+00:36:55,740 --> 00:36:58,520
+Marlowe as you see, you know, died when he was
+
+444
+00:36:58,520 --> 00:37:03,500
+young. Marlowe was very great, you know, poet and
+
+445
+00:37:03,500 --> 00:37:09,920
+dramatist. Do you remember any play he wrote? Yes?
+
+446
+00:37:11,640 --> 00:37:17,550
+He wrote a couple of plays. The Jew of Malta, you
+
+447
+00:37:17,550 --> 00:37:22,400
+know? Dr. Faustus and Tom Berlin. And they said,
+
+448
+00:37:23,040 --> 00:37:26,920
+had Marlow lived longer, he would have surpassed
+
+449
+00:37:26,920 --> 00:37:30,220
+Shakespeare. I wish, like, you know, you would
+
+450
+00:37:30,220 --> 00:37:34,120
+have time to study The Jew of Malta or, you know,
+
+451
+00:37:34,220 --> 00:37:39,600
+Dr. Faustus. Yeah. So, like, just, like, look at
+
+452
+00:37:39,600 --> 00:37:42,480
+them, read, like, The Jew of Malta and see how,
+
+453
+00:37:43,120 --> 00:37:47,220
+you know, he was trying to show, like, the danger
+
+454
+00:37:47,220 --> 00:37:55,510
+of greed. He was an amazing writer. Okay. Now, the
+
+455
+00:37:55,510 --> 00:37:59,110
+parody, we're going to discuss it next time. But
+
+456
+00:37:59,110 --> 00:38:04,810
+if you like, I think here, we saw two poems. We
+
+457
+00:38:04,810 --> 00:38:08,010
+saw two poems with different themes. with
+
+458
+00:38:08,010 --> 00:38:11,270
+different tones, with different attitudes, with
+
+459
+00:38:11,270 --> 00:38:14,690
+different images, you know? The alliteration here
+
+460
+00:38:14,690 --> 00:38:17,690
+was different, like music. I mean, the music is
+
+461
+00:38:17,690 --> 00:38:21,170
+the same, but the context is different. And this
+
+462
+00:38:21,170 --> 00:38:23,470
+is what we discussed in the parody. So it is very
+
+463
+00:38:23,470 --> 00:38:27,490
+important, like, you start thinking how to compare
+
+464
+00:38:27,490 --> 00:38:32,910
+and to contrast. Okay? And this is what we have to
+
+465
+00:38:32,910 --> 00:38:37,610
+do next time, to compare and contrast. Do you have
+
+466
+00:38:37,610 --> 00:38:43,310
+any question? Okay. Do you have any question?
+
+467
+00:38:44,170 --> 00:38:44,750
+Okay.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/5G17slDnSw0.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1790 @@
+
+1
+00:00:08,980 --> 00:00:14,640
+Good morning everybody. Okay, it's my pleasure to
+
+2
+00:00:14,640 --> 00:00:20,830
+have you for the second poetry class. And as you
+
+3
+00:00:20,830 --> 00:00:25,350
+see, today we're having here the class in this
+
+4
+00:00:25,350 --> 00:00:28,810
+comfortable place, which I think is very suitable
+
+5
+00:00:28,810 --> 00:00:34,730
+for a poetry class. As the norms of each class, I
+
+6
+00:00:34,730 --> 00:00:40,970
+would like first to start by having your daily
+
+7
+00:00:40,970 --> 00:00:45,330
+report. So I need one student to come here and to
+
+8
+00:00:45,330 --> 00:00:50,260
+deliver her daily report. Today, I'm asking who is
+
+9
+00:00:50,260 --> 00:00:53,320
+going to volunteer. Next time, I'm going to pick
+
+10
+00:00:53,320 --> 00:00:57,540
+out randomly. Okay? Good. Please come here.
+
+11
+00:01:01,660 --> 00:01:02,900
+You can come here.
+
+12
+00:01:07,580 --> 00:01:10,740
+For the bells were rung, for the songs were sung,
+
+13
+00:01:11,260 --> 00:01:14,140
+poetry class was announced to be open. Since the
+
+14
+00:01:14,140 --> 00:01:17,020
+class was crowded and the apprehension was
+
+15
+00:01:17,020 --> 00:01:19,920
+founded, everyone's compliment was raised as
+
+16
+00:01:19,920 --> 00:01:23,400
+often. As some poetic terms have been implicated,
+
+17
+00:01:24,120 --> 00:01:27,080
+formatting demands to be updated, the abstracted
+
+18
+00:01:27,080 --> 00:01:31,040
+ears will be no more taken. From having
+
+19
+00:01:31,040 --> 00:01:33,760
+definitions and the elements of aesthetics shared
+
+20
+00:01:33,760 --> 00:01:36,160
+and the figures of speech were asked to be
+
+21
+00:01:36,160 --> 00:01:38,920
+prepared to the video tape our class would be
+
+22
+00:01:38,920 --> 00:01:41,680
+chosen. To those who are concerned about the
+
+23
+00:01:41,680 --> 00:01:44,060
+matter of marks, you will have your test while
+
+24
+00:01:44,060 --> 00:01:46,740
+having some snacks. You will have it done even you
+
+25
+00:01:46,740 --> 00:01:52,040
+have no pen. OK. I think this is very amazing.
+
+26
+00:01:52,820 --> 00:01:57,640
+It's nice to have such a report in poetic form.
+
+27
+00:01:58,680 --> 00:02:02,940
+And this shows how some of you, right from the
+
+28
+00:02:02,940 --> 00:02:07,320
+very beginning, are interested in poetry. And this
+
+29
+00:02:07,320 --> 00:02:14,220
+personally thrills me. So good. I don't want to
+
+30
+00:02:14,220 --> 00:02:17,040
+ask for another report. Later, as I told you, I
+
+31
+00:02:17,040 --> 00:02:21,340
+might pick out randomly. As today, as you see, we
+
+32
+00:02:21,340 --> 00:02:27,160
+have poetry criticism. This is class number two.
+
+33
+00:02:29,450 --> 00:02:32,470
+You see, the title is, we'll continue this series
+
+34
+00:02:32,470 --> 00:02:37,270
+until next week, Reading and Talking About Poetry.
+
+35
+00:02:38,310 --> 00:02:43,650
+I would like to start by summarizing what I'm
+
+36
+00:02:43,650 --> 00:02:46,370
+going to say in this class. So at the beginning,
+
+37
+00:02:46,490 --> 00:02:49,510
+there will be a summary of the previous class.
+
+38
+00:02:50,490 --> 00:02:56,170
+Then, we're going to talk about poetry, and then
+
+39
+00:02:56,170 --> 00:03:03,120
+reading poetry. Okay, let's see. What was last
+
+40
+00:03:03,120 --> 00:03:10,740
+class? I think last class we tried to elicit your
+
+41
+00:03:10,740 --> 00:03:13,800
+response to the question I gave you earlier. What
+
+42
+00:03:13,800 --> 00:03:20,080
+is poetry? And I was very happy when you came up
+
+43
+00:03:20,080 --> 00:03:26,270
+with like different definitions, mainly the famous
+
+44
+00:03:26,270 --> 00:03:31,950
+Wordsworthian definition. Poetry was spontaneous
+
+45
+00:03:31,950 --> 00:03:38,010
+overflow of powerful feelings. And we tried to
+
+46
+00:03:38,010 --> 00:03:42,510
+look into that definition and we realized how it
+
+47
+00:03:42,510 --> 00:03:50,050
+was paradoxical. And the paradox which was there
+
+48
+00:03:50,050 --> 00:03:54,370
+in that statement shows that how poets are
+
+49
+00:03:54,370 --> 00:04:01,670
+craftsmen. They do a lot of craftsmanship when
+
+50
+00:04:01,670 --> 00:04:08,250
+they write poetry. And then we talked about other
+
+51
+00:04:08,250 --> 00:04:13,650
+definitions, and those definitions made us able to
+
+52
+00:04:13,650 --> 00:04:18,090
+demarcate poetry as a different genre. We started
+
+53
+00:04:18,090 --> 00:04:23,650
+to talk about rhyme, rhythm, assonance,
+
+54
+00:04:24,450 --> 00:04:29,750
+alliteration, etc. So these are the features like
+
+55
+00:04:29,750 --> 00:04:32,590
+which we might be interested while having this
+
+56
+00:04:32,590 --> 00:04:36,530
+course. I know this course, as I told you from the
+
+57
+00:04:36,530 --> 00:04:42,930
+very beginning, this course is a course in reading
+
+58
+00:04:42,930 --> 00:04:46,630
+poetry. But it is a course in reading this poetry
+
+59
+00:04:46,630 --> 00:04:52,210
+in the context of its culture, in the context of
+
+60
+00:04:52,210 --> 00:04:57,110
+its history. But as you see, it is difficult, and
+
+61
+00:04:57,110 --> 00:05:02,850
+this is what will take us to this point, is
+
+62
+00:05:02,850 --> 00:05:05,890
+talking about poetry. It is difficult to talk
+
+63
+00:05:05,890 --> 00:05:12,960
+about poetry in a very impulsive manner. I mean,
+
+64
+00:05:13,380 --> 00:05:17,960
+we have to be aware what, you know, we are
+
+65
+00:05:17,960 --> 00:05:22,880
+talking, what language we are talking. Right,
+
+66
+00:05:23,020 --> 00:05:28,640
+talking about poetry. In fact, there are two ways
+
+67
+00:05:28,640 --> 00:05:33,600
+we can talk about poetry. I don't know, like when
+
+68
+00:05:33,600 --> 00:05:37,540
+I ask you to talk about a poem, You might say,
+
+69
+00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:40,360
+okay, I like this poem. It's very interesting. It
+
+70
+00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:44,560
+appeals to me. Another student say, okay, I like
+
+71
+00:05:44,560 --> 00:05:50,780
+this metaphor. Now I want you to bring these two
+
+72
+00:05:50,780 --> 00:05:55,700
+things. Like when you say this is a metaphor, if
+
+73
+00:05:55,700 --> 00:05:59,820
+you identify that this is a metaphor, it means
+
+74
+00:05:59,820 --> 00:06:03,880
+like you realize that there is a specialized
+
+75
+00:06:03,880 --> 00:06:07,280
+language important. So, when you talk about
+
+76
+00:06:07,280 --> 00:06:12,460
+poetry, you have to be aware of this special
+
+77
+00:06:12,460 --> 00:06:16,680
+language. But when we talk about the meaning, you
+
+78
+00:06:16,680 --> 00:06:20,920
+know, we are using a general language. So, if you
+
+79
+00:06:20,920 --> 00:06:24,460
+talk about a certain metaphor, okay, it's good to
+
+80
+00:06:24,460 --> 00:06:30,640
+realize that this is a metaphor. But it is not
+
+81
+00:06:30,640 --> 00:06:34,360
+enough to identify the metaphor. You have to say
+
+82
+00:06:34,360 --> 00:06:38,800
+how this metaphor serves the meaning, you know, in
+
+83
+00:06:38,800 --> 00:06:42,480
+a special context. I know this is like very
+
+84
+00:06:42,480 --> 00:06:47,840
+abstract, and you need some examples, okay? Now,
+
+85
+00:06:47,900 --> 00:06:51,200
+if you look at this example, you know, Wordsworth,
+
+86
+00:06:52,020 --> 00:06:59,340
+it says, the city now does like a garment wear the
+
+87
+00:06:59,340 --> 00:07:04,420
+beauty of the morning. If we look closely at this
+
+88
+00:07:04,420 --> 00:07:09,090
+line, We see that there is a kind of comparison.
+
+89
+00:07:10,270 --> 00:07:13,750
+What is he comparing? Can anybody tell me what is
+
+90
+00:07:13,750 --> 00:07:18,190
+he comparing? Is he comparing something to
+
+91
+00:07:18,190 --> 00:07:23,630
+something else? The city now doth like a garment
+
+92
+00:07:23,630 --> 00:07:29,950
+wear the beauty of the morning. Yes.
+
+93
+00:07:38,630 --> 00:07:43,250
+So the city is wearing a garment. What is the
+
+94
+00:07:43,250 --> 00:07:48,110
+garment? What is the garment exactly here? It is
+
+95
+00:07:48,110 --> 00:07:51,590
+compared to the beauty of the morning. So this is
+
+96
+00:07:51,590 --> 00:07:56,270
+what we call a simile. For example, my friend is
+
+97
+00:07:56,270 --> 00:07:56,890
+like a lion.
+
+98
+00:08:01,510 --> 00:08:06,070
+This is a kind of simile in which we compare one
+
+99
+00:08:06,070 --> 00:08:10,210
+thing with another thing. Now here, as you see in
+
+100
+00:08:10,210 --> 00:08:14,510
+this poem, Wordsworth compares the beauty of the
+
+101
+00:08:14,510 --> 00:08:20,110
+morning to a garment which is dressed. Now, when
+
+102
+00:08:20,110 --> 00:08:22,930
+we want to talk about poetry,
+
+103
+00:08:30,030 --> 00:08:36,190
+have to say, in this life, it's very important to
+
+104
+00:08:36,190 --> 00:08:43,150
+see how this simile expresses the extent of
+
+105
+00:08:43,150 --> 00:08:47,250
+happiness the people in this city enjoy at this
+
+106
+00:08:47,250 --> 00:08:52,910
+moment. Okay? So here, you're mixing between the
+
+107
+00:08:52,910 --> 00:08:57,010
+specialized language with the general language. So
+
+108
+00:08:57,010 --> 00:08:59,620
+this is what I expect. You later when we are
+
+109
+00:08:59,620 --> 00:09:04,280
+doing, when we are reading some poems, we are
+
+110
+00:09:04,280 --> 00:09:08,760
+going like to, you know, mix between the
+
+111
+00:09:08,760 --> 00:09:11,920
+specialized language and, you know, the general
+
+112
+00:09:11,920 --> 00:09:19,000
+language. Okay. Now we're going to move to another
+
+113
+00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:21,560
+point. Sorry.
+
+114
+00:09:25,040 --> 00:09:30,490
+This is another example. Also, it shows us how we
+
+115
+00:09:30,490 --> 00:09:36,550
+can mix. Dylan Thomas is a famous English poet,
+
+116
+00:09:37,690 --> 00:09:42,630
+and one of his poems entitled A Grief Ago, he was
+
+117
+00:09:42,630 --> 00:09:50,570
+lamenting the death of his wife,
+
+118
+00:09:51,670 --> 00:09:57,830
+and he used this like a grief ago. the poem by
+
+119
+00:09:57,830 --> 00:10:02,850
+saying agrifago. Now, it's very interesting
+
+120
+00:10:02,850 --> 00:10:05,910
+because do we say in ordinary language agrifago?
+
+121
+00:10:07,030 --> 00:10:14,050
+So here, this is very poetic. It is very poetic by
+
+122
+00:10:14,050 --> 00:10:18,890
+the norm of its deviation from the normal use of
+
+123
+00:10:18,890 --> 00:10:22,930
+language. If we look at this a grief ago, usually
+
+124
+00:10:22,930 --> 00:10:26,310
+we say one day ago, two days ago, three days ago,
+
+125
+00:10:26,490 --> 00:10:33,570
+but we never say a grief ago. And like a grief is
+
+126
+00:10:33,570 --> 00:10:36,690
+like a day. So there is here a kind of metaphor.
+
+127
+00:10:37,970 --> 00:10:42,410
+It's a metaphor. You have here what we call
+
+128
+00:10:42,410 --> 00:10:46,570
+syntactic deviation because in grammar, We often
+
+129
+00:10:46,570 --> 00:10:50,210
+say a day ago, two days ago, three days ago, and
+
+130
+00:10:50,210 --> 00:10:55,630
+we have semantic deviation. Why? Because grief is
+
+131
+00:10:55,630 --> 00:11:00,950
+being compared, you know, to days. So here, like
+
+132
+00:11:00,950 --> 00:11:06,090
+the metaphor shows how the poet is obsessed with
+
+133
+00:11:06,090 --> 00:11:11,650
+this sense of sadness and agony. Okay? You see
+
+134
+00:11:11,650 --> 00:11:14,880
+here, again, this is another example We can
+
+135
+00:11:14,880 --> 00:11:20,040
+combine both, you know, specialized language and
+
+136
+00:11:20,040 --> 00:11:21,420
+general language.
+
+137
+00:11:25,080 --> 00:11:30,400
+Okay, reading poetry. This course, or in this
+
+138
+00:11:30,400 --> 00:11:34,000
+course, we're going to read a lot of poems. And we
+
+139
+00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:37,660
+are going, as we explained in the outline, we're
+
+140
+00:11:37,660 --> 00:11:39,600
+going to respond to the poems.
+
+141
+00:11:43,310 --> 00:11:47,050
+Be aware of what we are doing when we read poetry.
+
+142
+00:11:50,050 --> 00:11:53,190
+I know through my experience as a student and even
+
+143
+00:11:53,190 --> 00:11:55,830
+as a teacher, the first time you look at your
+
+144
+00:11:55,830 --> 00:11:59,810
+poem, you become a little bit repulsive, aversive.
+
+145
+00:11:59,870 --> 00:12:01,790
+You don't want to read. You know, it's, what is
+
+146
+00:12:01,790 --> 00:12:05,670
+this? And I want you to dismiss this feeling. I
+
+147
+00:12:05,670 --> 00:12:11,220
+want you to approach the poem with, you know, a
+
+148
+00:12:11,220 --> 00:12:15,620
+sense of alacrity, psychological readiness. I want
+
+149
+00:12:15,620 --> 00:12:21,020
+you to be open-minded, to look at the poem, and to
+
+150
+00:12:21,020 --> 00:12:25,520
+read the poem aloud, as you see here. Reading the
+
+151
+00:12:25,520 --> 00:12:29,200
+poem aloud is very important. You have to read the
+
+152
+00:12:29,200 --> 00:12:33,140
+poem aloud many times, just not one time. And you
+
+153
+00:12:33,140 --> 00:12:37,160
+should vary. Sometimes you read it slowly, you
+
+154
+00:12:37,160 --> 00:12:41,330
+concentrate on words. And then you vary the speed.
+
+155
+00:12:41,470 --> 00:12:47,970
+You speed up to make it sound like what it was
+
+156
+00:12:47,970 --> 00:12:54,230
+meant by the poet himself. Some people can record
+
+157
+00:12:54,230 --> 00:12:57,170
+the poem. I did this many times, and it was
+
+158
+00:12:57,170 --> 00:13:05,330
+lovely. You can also get, nowadays, I think we are
+
+159
+00:13:05,330 --> 00:13:08,580
+blessed because we have all these electronic
+
+160
+00:13:08,580 --> 00:13:12,900
+resources so we can harness these resources by
+
+161
+00:13:12,900 --> 00:13:17,740
+downloading, you know, some poems written by
+
+162
+00:13:17,740 --> 00:13:21,880
+native speakers or even by the poets themselves.
+
+163
+00:13:24,600 --> 00:13:31,280
+Now let's give an example about reading a poem.
+
+164
+00:13:31,960 --> 00:13:36,920
+How to read a poem. Now this poem, as you see,
+
+165
+00:13:38,370 --> 00:13:41,490
+Some of you might not say it's a poem, you know,
+
+166
+00:13:41,570 --> 00:13:47,930
+because is it a poem? Yeah. Like, look at you, you
+
+167
+00:13:47,930 --> 00:13:52,570
+are surprised. I think a good poem, you know, is
+
+168
+00:13:52,570 --> 00:13:56,470
+the poem that induces in us a sense of surprise.
+
+169
+00:13:59,470 --> 00:14:04,970
+Some might gloss over this poem by saying, 40 love
+
+170
+00:14:04,970 --> 00:14:08,570
+middle-aged couples playing tennis. When they go
+
+171
+00:14:08,570 --> 00:14:12,230
+home and, you know, when they go home, the net
+
+172
+00:14:12,230 --> 00:14:16,790
+will still be between them. It is like reading,
+
+173
+00:14:17,350 --> 00:14:23,510
+you know, a statement without just like variation,
+
+174
+00:14:23,730 --> 00:14:28,770
+without stressing. But if we have to read this as
+
+175
+00:14:28,770 --> 00:14:32,050
+if it were a poem, and I think it is a poem, So
+
+176
+00:14:32,050 --> 00:14:34,510
+how would you like to read it? Should I give you
+
+177
+00:14:34,510 --> 00:14:40,530
+one minute and then you try reading it? Okay.
+
+178
+00:14:50,250 --> 00:14:55,210
+I need a daring student who
+
+179
+00:14:55,210 --> 00:14:59,450
+would like to come and say yes. Okay, I need
+
+180
+00:14:59,450 --> 00:15:00,430
+another student, hold on.
+
+181
+00:15:05,090 --> 00:15:10,870
+Yes? Okay, go ahead. Yeah, maybe. For me, it's
+
+182
+00:15:10,870 --> 00:15:14,670
+playing couple. Couple?
+
+183
+00:15:18,530 --> 00:15:18,950
+Playing?
+
+184
+00:15:29,230 --> 00:15:29,670
+Okay,
+
+185
+00:15:33,830 --> 00:15:36,730
+now this is like initial reading, but if you were
+
+186
+00:15:36,730 --> 00:15:38,690
+to read it again, I don't think, you know, you're
+
+187
+00:15:38,690 --> 00:15:42,370
+going to stick to this, you know, pace, you might
+
+188
+00:15:42,370 --> 00:15:46,110
+change the pace. How would you like to change the
+
+189
+00:15:46,110 --> 00:15:51,950
+pace? Is anybody trying to change the pace? Yes or
+
+190
+00:15:51,950 --> 00:15:55,640
+no? of middle-aged couple playing tennis when the
+
+191
+00:15:55,640 --> 00:15:58,940
+game ends and as they go home, the network is
+
+192
+00:15:58,940 --> 00:16:01,980
+still between them. I bet it's a little bit
+
+193
+00:16:01,980 --> 00:16:07,000
+musical. Does anybody think of like reading this
+
+194
+00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:13,060
+poem? Forty love middle
+
+223
+00:18:22,940 --> 00:18:27,140
+meaning. I think this is a legitimate question,
+
+224
+00:18:27,540 --> 00:18:30,200
+but we don't have to be impatient. We have to
+
+225
+00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:33,620
+read, you know, to see how the words, you know,
+
+226
+00:18:34,080 --> 00:18:38,220
+leave some impact on us. We have to look at the
+
+227
+00:18:38,220 --> 00:18:41,960
+poem closely to see how it is patterned, how it is
+
+228
+00:18:41,960 --> 00:18:45,400
+formed. You know, what is happening in the poem,
+
+229
+00:18:45,520 --> 00:18:47,800
+how the words, look here, if you look closely,
+
+230
+00:18:51,530 --> 00:18:55,390
+chasm here or this space. Do we have this? This is
+
+231
+00:18:55,390 --> 00:19:00,570
+like Arabic. And if you look closer, we don't have
+
+232
+00:19:00,570 --> 00:19:05,450
+like, look at the words here, tinness. It is, it
+
+233
+00:19:05,450 --> 00:19:10,230
+is what? Fragmented. It is in two pieces. Look at
+
+234
+00:19:10,230 --> 00:19:15,650
+the word. Have you noticed this? Yeah, between
+
+235
+00:19:15,650 --> 00:19:20,190
+like even them. So we might say, what is this poem
+
+236
+00:19:20,190 --> 00:19:25,470
+talking about? And who are involved? What is this
+
+237
+00:19:25,470 --> 00:19:30,330
+poem talking about? Have you asked yourself what
+
+238
+00:19:30,330 --> 00:19:37,370
+is it about? I know. What is it about? Yes? It
+
+239
+00:19:37,370 --> 00:19:42,110
+might be... So we are talking about a couple, a
+
+240
+00:19:42,110 --> 00:19:42,730
+man and a woman?
+
+241
+00:19:46,070 --> 00:19:49,370
+So they are playing a game. This is what the poem
+
+242
+00:19:49,370 --> 00:19:55,050
+tells us. When we read the poem, and when we look
+
+243
+00:19:55,050 --> 00:20:00,390
+at the poem more closely, we start to ask, is it a
+
+244
+00:20:00,390 --> 00:20:05,090
+friendly game? Or is it a game which involves some
+
+245
+00:20:05,090 --> 00:20:10,850
+sense of rivalry, like somebody's competing? Is it
+
+246
+00:20:10,850 --> 00:20:15,090
+a poem which holds in itself some feeling of
+
+247
+00:20:15,090 --> 00:20:21,350
+acrimony? Because here, as you see, it is Not
+
+248
+00:20:21,350 --> 00:20:26,130
+very, is it friendly? Like, how do you know it's
+
+249
+00:20:26,130 --> 00:20:29,270
+not friendly? How do you know it's not friendly?
+
+250
+00:20:33,050 --> 00:20:37,770
+Yes? For 40 love. Yeah, what do you mean 40 love?
+
+251
+00:20:39,330 --> 00:20:42,230
+Like if there's a friendly relationship between
+
+252
+00:20:42,230 --> 00:20:45,130
+them. Yeah, like 40 love is a friendly
+
+253
+00:20:45,130 --> 00:20:49,430
+relationship, okay? But you know, in tennis, love
+
+254
+00:20:49,430 --> 00:20:53,490
+means zero. So, I don't know, look, whether you
+
+255
+00:20:53,490 --> 00:20:57,490
+have, yeah, 40 laps. So, it might, yes?
+
+256
+00:21:02,490 --> 00:21:02,970
+So,
+
+257
+00:21:05,610 --> 00:21:08,430
+yes, there is a barrier. You know, the Pope says
+
+258
+00:21:08,430 --> 00:21:11,410
+the net will be still there. And I, again, if we
+
+259
+00:21:11,410 --> 00:21:14,270
+look at how the words are patterned, like how the
+
+260
+00:21:14,270 --> 00:21:18,130
+words are fragmented, we see that this is like a
+
+261
+00:21:18,130 --> 00:21:23,510
+very you know, unhealthy relationship, you know,
+
+262
+00:21:23,650 --> 00:21:28,590
+because there is a separation. So I don't want to
+
+263
+00:21:28,590 --> 00:21:31,950
+go deeper in like to this poem. I'll be giving you
+
+264
+00:21:31,950 --> 00:21:35,430
+another example how we should read the poem and
+
+265
+00:21:35,430 --> 00:21:39,830
+how we should look at the words, the certain
+
+266
+00:21:39,830 --> 00:21:43,230
+patterns of the word, and then how to form these
+
+267
+00:21:43,230 --> 00:21:45,450
+questions. These questions will help us
+
+268
+00:21:49,920 --> 00:21:52,700
+Or I would say possible thematic meanings, because
+
+269
+00:21:52,700 --> 00:21:57,320
+I don't want like to be, you know, just like
+
+270
+00:21:57,320 --> 00:22:02,300
+saying this is about this. So as we said, you
+
+271
+00:22:02,300 --> 00:22:06,080
+know, poetry has multiple meanings. It is not
+
+272
+00:22:06,080 --> 00:22:11,300
+referential, but rather representation. Okay? So
+
+273
+00:22:11,300 --> 00:22:15,140
+let's move to the second example. And I bet you're
+
+274
+00:22:15,140 --> 00:22:19,040
+going to find it as funny as, even more funny than
+
+275
+00:22:19,040 --> 00:22:24,440
+the first one. Good. You need somebody to read
+
+276
+00:22:24,440 --> 00:22:31,180
+this. Okay? More polemic? Yeah, you started
+
+277
+00:22:31,180 --> 00:22:36,440
+laughing. I don't know, it might be chemistry. So
+
+278
+00:22:36,440 --> 00:22:41,320
+look here, you laughed. Isn't nobody afraid? Are
+
+279
+00:22:41,320 --> 00:22:41,720
+you afraid?
+
+280
+00:22:46,920 --> 00:22:49,660
+Okay, very good. Like, do you want to read it? Go
+
+281
+00:22:49,660 --> 00:23:01,760
+ahead. N-N-T-T N-N-T-T-N T-N-N T-N-N T-N T-N T-N T
+
+282
+00:23:01,760 --> 00:23:09,160
+-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N
+
+283
+00:23:09,160 --> 00:23:15,440
+T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N T-N
+
+284
+00:23:31,300 --> 00:23:32,840
+Ah, good.
+
+285
+00:23:36,120 --> 00:23:40,380
+Thank you very much. Okay. It's fun, isn't it?
+
+286
+00:23:40,620 --> 00:23:46,290
+Yeah. But like when you read the poem, You didn't
+
+287
+00:23:46,290 --> 00:23:53,010
+feel it. You didn't imbue it, charge it with any
+
+288
+00:23:53,010 --> 00:23:56,070
+sentiment. So you were reading as if you were
+
+289
+00:23:56,070 --> 00:23:59,750
+reading a piece of news. So reading poetry
+
+290
+00:23:59,750 --> 00:24:04,290
+requires that we put some sentiments, we put some
+
+291
+00:24:04,290 --> 00:24:09,330
+feelings. Okay? So is anybody going to add
+
+292
+00:24:09,330 --> 00:24:12,250
+feelings, sentiments? Yeah, come on.
+
+293
+00:24:18,220 --> 00:24:18,840
+Go ahead.
+
+294
+00:24:24,280 --> 00:24:30,520
+Yes? I know it's funny. So let me just like read
+
+295
+00:24:30,520 --> 00:24:35,740
+it. An-an, chi-chi. An-an, chi-chi, chi-chi-chi,
+
+296
+00:24:36,340 --> 00:24:42,500
+an-an. Chi-chi, an-an, chi-an. Chi-an, chi-an, chi
+
+297
+00:24:42,500 --> 00:24:47,740
+-an, chi-an, an-chi. An-chi, an-chi, an-chi, an.
+
+298
+00:24:48,360 --> 00:24:54,720
+Ti-an. An-ti. An-ti. An-ti-an. An-ti-an-ti-an-ti
+
+299
+00:24:54,720 --> 00:25:01,200
+-an. Ti-ti. An-an. Ti-ti. An-an. Ti-ti. Ti-ti. An
+
+300
+00:25:01,200 --> 00:25:06,760
+-an. Ti-ti. Ti-an. An-an. An-an-an-an-an-an-an? An
+
+301
+00:25:06,760 --> 00:25:11,740
+-an-an-an-an-an. Ti-ti-ti. Ti-ti-ti. Ti-ti-ti. Ti
+
+302
+00:25:11,740 --> 00:25:20,580
+-ti-ti. Very funny. You like it? Oh, look here.
+
+303
+00:25:20,880 --> 00:25:24,280
+Thank you. You started to like poetry. And is
+
+304
+00:25:24,280 --> 00:25:29,440
+anybody worried? Thank you. Nobody's worried? You
+
+305
+00:25:29,440 --> 00:25:31,500
+want me to bring this in the exam and to ask you,
+
+306
+00:25:31,960 --> 00:25:32,940
+what is this poem about?
+
+307
+00:25:36,340 --> 00:25:40,640
+But look at me, like I interacted with the poem.
+
+308
+00:25:41,520 --> 00:25:46,110
+And as you felt at the end of the poem, You know,
+
+309
+00:25:46,270 --> 00:25:51,830
+it was a little bit sad. Why? Because, as you see,
+
+310
+00:25:52,110 --> 00:25:57,250
+an-an-an, you know, it's taking side, and the chi
+
+311
+00:25:57,250 --> 00:26:03,670
+-chi-chi is taking side. So, we might say, hey,
+
+312
+00:26:03,750 --> 00:26:08,070
+what is this poem about? Okay? Let's guess, you
+
+313
+00:26:08,070 --> 00:26:11,370
+know, for fun, what this poem might be about.
+
+314
+00:26:11,550 --> 00:26:14,150
+Because, you know, in this course, poetry course,
+
+315
+00:26:15,040 --> 00:26:20,000
+I don't want you to end the poem by saying this
+
+316
+00:26:20,000 --> 00:26:23,260
+poem is about. It might be about. It might be
+
+317
+00:26:23,260 --> 00:26:26,480
+about this. It might be about that. And sometimes
+
+318
+00:26:26,480 --> 00:26:31,200
+when we reach the intended meaning of the poem, we
+
+319
+00:26:31,200 --> 00:26:36,140
+might lose the poem. We might lose the beauty of
+
+320
+00:26:36,140 --> 00:26:39,420
+the poem. So I think poets would be very happy
+
+321
+00:26:39,420 --> 00:26:44,310
+when they see that their poems spoon, generate
+
+322
+00:26:44,310 --> 00:26:48,790
+multiple meanings. I met some poets, and when I
+
+323
+00:26:48,790 --> 00:26:53,170
+started, like, to interpret certain words, they
+
+324
+00:26:53,170 --> 00:26:55,710
+started, like, to be amazed. I didn't think of
+
+325
+00:26:55,710 --> 00:26:59,030
+that. They were very happy. So, I think even for
+
+326
+00:26:59,030 --> 00:27:03,210
+us, like, when we learn, yes, we have to figure
+
+327
+00:27:03,210 --> 00:27:05,510
+out different meanings. What do you think? What is
+
+328
+00:27:05,510 --> 00:27:08,530
+it about? Yes?
+
+329
+00:27:11,070 --> 00:27:14,650
+Yeah, it could be two Chinese, you know, they are
+
+330
+00:27:14,650 --> 00:27:17,030
+fighting with each other. Very good. Thank you.
+
+331
+00:27:17,090 --> 00:27:19,530
+Could be. Yes.
+
+332
+00:27:22,510 --> 00:27:24,670
+Yeah, it could be a conflict between two friends,
+
+333
+00:27:25,130 --> 00:27:28,390
+you know, Khalid and his friend and they are doing
+
+334
+00:27:28,390 --> 00:27:35,230
+this. It could be. Yes. Could be. Yeah, thank you.
+
+335
+00:27:35,610 --> 00:27:37,830
+It could be between two countries, like, you know,
+
+336
+00:27:38,130 --> 00:27:40,850
+they're fighting, they are always in conflictual
+
+337
+00:27:40,850 --> 00:27:43,110
+relation, like what happened between Iran and
+
+338
+00:27:43,110 --> 00:27:44,430
+Iraq. Thank you very much.
+
+339
+00:27:47,890 --> 00:27:53,510
+It's a church. A child, like it could be a nursery
+
+340
+00:27:53,510 --> 00:27:59,790
+rhyme, like, good, thank you. Yes.
+
+341
+00:28:03,380 --> 00:28:06,600
+A couple, a wife and husband fighting each other.
+
+342
+00:28:07,620 --> 00:28:10,940
+You know, they keep like their life is full of
+
+343
+00:28:10,940 --> 00:28:13,480
+wrangling dispute. You know, it could be like they
+
+344
+00:28:13,480 --> 00:28:16,840
+are not on good terms. Good. Yes.
+
+345
+00:28:20,120 --> 00:28:23,940
+Suffered from? Flu. Yeah, very good. I haven't
+
+346
+00:28:23,940 --> 00:28:27,620
+thought of that. It could be good. And then, you
+
+347
+00:28:27,620 --> 00:28:32,640
+know, keep doing this. And there is no doctor like
+
+348
+00:28:32,640 --> 00:28:34,820
+to prescribe medicine for him. Good. Thank you.
+
+349
+00:28:35,540 --> 00:28:42,040
+But like, it's very interesting to hear maybe. I
+
+350
+00:28:42,040 --> 00:28:45,980
+want to ask what made you reach this? But when you
+
+351
+00:28:45,980 --> 00:28:49,680
+say maybe it's about this, is it the sound? Is it
+
+352
+00:28:49,680 --> 00:28:52,940
+the word on the page? Is it the arrangement? So
+
+353
+00:28:52,940 --> 00:28:56,540
+what makes you come to this interpretation?
+
+354
+00:28:58,820 --> 00:29:05,170
+Yeah? The sound itself. Thank you. The sound. The
+
+355
+00:29:05,170 --> 00:29:09,390
+words like am and chi, how they sometimes, the
+
+356
+00:29:09,390 --> 00:29:13,190
+words are reciprocal and sometimes they are not.
+
+357
+00:29:13,730 --> 00:29:17,830
+When I say reciprocal, like you see am, am, chi,
+
+358
+00:29:17,890 --> 00:29:21,170
+chi, they reciprocate. They reciprocate, they
+
+359
+00:29:21,170 --> 00:29:24,350
+change, you know, the communication is reciprocal.
+
+360
+00:29:24,610 --> 00:29:27,550
+I say good morning, you say good morning. But if I
+
+361
+00:29:27,550 --> 00:29:29,790
+say good morning and you stop, there is no
+
+362
+00:29:29,790 --> 00:29:33,530
+reciprocation or reciprocity, sorry. So it's not
+
+363
+00:29:33,530 --> 00:29:41,450
+reciprocal. Good. Yes? The number of the words,
+
+364
+00:29:41,770 --> 00:29:47,870
+yes. Yeah, the repetition is, you know, like the
+
+365
+00:29:47,870 --> 00:29:51,210
+number of the lines. Okay. What does the
+
+366
+00:29:51,210 --> 00:29:57,770
+repetition tell you, like, that this is what? What
+
+367
+00:29:57,770 --> 00:30:00,310
+interpretation did you come up with?
+
+368
+00:30:05,980 --> 00:30:08,900
+two countries because you know we have like an and
+
+369
+00:30:08,900 --> 00:30:12,100
+chi and all the time they are repeated yeah that's
+
+370
+00:30:12,100 --> 00:30:16,040
+why so this duality of like because we have two
+
+371
+00:30:16,040 --> 00:30:19,280
+words this duality thought you that this might be
+
+372
+00:30:19,280 --> 00:30:21,920
+a conflict between two countries or you know a
+
+373
+00:30:21,920 --> 00:30:26,100
+conflict uh you know between a man and a woman you
+
+374
+00:30:26,100 --> 00:30:31,800
+know or a friend and another friend mother and
+
+375
+00:30:31,800 --> 00:30:35,520
+daughter I don't think a mother and daughter would
+
+376
+00:30:35,520 --> 00:30:40,280
+suffer such a relationship. The mother-daughter is
+
+377
+00:30:40,280 --> 00:30:46,080
+very intimate, matriarchal relationship. The
+
+378
+00:30:46,080 --> 00:30:49,500
+happiest creature in the world would be the mother
+
+379
+00:30:49,500 --> 00:30:53,260
+when she sees her daughter. So we're not talking
+
+380
+00:30:53,260 --> 00:30:59,200
+about this. Good. Have you thought of another like
+
+381
+00:30:59,200 --> 00:31:04,980
+meaning? rather than this. Somebody told me
+
+382
+00:31:04,980 --> 00:31:08,220
+yesterday, I see the word chain, which is
+
+383
+00:31:08,220 --> 00:31:16,480
+negative. See? And like this led me to think, yes,
+
+384
+00:31:16,620 --> 00:31:21,640
+is the poem positive or negative? Okay? Is it
+
+385
+00:31:21,640 --> 00:31:25,660
+positive or negative? So again, as you see, these
+
+386
+00:31:25,660 --> 00:31:28,820
+questions are very important. We ask question, who
+
+387
+00:31:28,820 --> 00:31:32,920
+is speaking to whom? What is this about? And why
+
+388
+00:31:32,920 --> 00:31:36,400
+are the words arranged in this way? Why, you know,
+
+389
+00:31:36,780 --> 00:31:39,340
+for example, the beginning is different from the
+
+390
+00:31:39,340 --> 00:31:42,360
+end. Look at the beginning, you know, the
+
+391
+00:31:42,360 --> 00:31:45,640
+arrangement is different. At the beginning, like,
+
+392
+00:31:46,260 --> 00:31:50,160
+you know, the M and the G are interchangeable. But
+
+393
+00:31:50,160 --> 00:31:54,860
+here, You see? You see everybody is taking side.
+
+394
+00:31:56,000 --> 00:32:02,740
+So this might make us come to the conclusion that
+
+395
+00:32:02,740 --> 00:32:07,660
+this is a negative. It is a conflictual
+
+396
+00:32:07,660 --> 00:32:12,720
+relationship which ended by this crisis. There is
+
+397
+00:32:12,720 --> 00:32:16,380
+a sense of crisis here. Okay? So it could be like
+
+398
+00:32:16,380 --> 00:32:20,240
+a crisis in, you know, a family relation between a
+
+399
+00:32:20,240 --> 00:32:21,940
+husband and a woman, between a country and another
+
+400
+00:32:21,940 --> 00:32:25,640
+country, you know? I don't know. It might have
+
+401
+00:32:25,640 --> 00:32:28,360
+different meanings. But some student told me,
+
+402
+00:32:29,000 --> 00:32:31,300
+don't you think this is about a jolting, a car
+
+403
+00:32:31,300 --> 00:32:34,300
+jolting in the morning? You know, uh-uh, gee-gee,
+
+404
+00:32:34,520 --> 00:32:39,780
+you know? So I was amazed by the number of
+
+405
+00:32:39,780 --> 00:32:42,680
+interpretations the students gave to this poem,
+
+406
+00:32:43,380 --> 00:32:45,980
+and they started to talk. Look here, you know, I
+
+40
+
+445
+00:35:32,220 --> 00:35:35,440
+started to have what we call in politics some
+
+446
+00:35:35,440 --> 00:35:41,320
+rapprochement attempts, to rapproche, to become
+
+447
+00:35:41,320 --> 00:35:44,340
+close together. So they started talking, they
+
+448
+00:35:44,340 --> 00:35:48,760
+started visiting each other, exchanging visits,
+
+449
+00:35:48,980 --> 00:35:52,650
+having banquets. But what happened, gradually,
+
+450
+00:35:52,950 --> 00:35:57,690
+this relation started to be strained, to be
+
+451
+00:35:57,690 --> 00:36:03,650
+weakened, and it ended with this crisis. So the
+
+452
+00:36:03,650 --> 00:36:10,710
+poet, like the English poet, wanted to record that
+
+453
+00:36:10,710 --> 00:36:14,270
+experience. And as we said in the previous
+
+454
+00:36:14,270 --> 00:36:19,850
+lecture, poets respond in their own ways to daily
+
+455
+00:36:19,850 --> 00:36:23,230
+experiences. Like this is a daily experience. Like
+
+456
+00:36:23,230 --> 00:36:29,010
+he responded by writing this poem. But what did he
+
+457
+00:36:29,010 --> 00:36:32,370
+do in order? How did he, like here the question is
+
+458
+00:36:32,370 --> 00:36:36,230
+how we encode our experience. I think he encoded
+
+459
+00:36:36,230 --> 00:36:42,860
+his experience by just having these two words. He
+
+460
+00:36:42,860 --> 00:36:48,500
+looked at the zoo of London, there was a panda
+
+461
+00:36:48,500 --> 00:36:53,860
+animal called Qi, and the zoo of Moscow, there was
+
+462
+00:36:53,860 --> 00:37:00,520
+another panda called An. So he thought it might be
+
+463
+00:37:01,290 --> 00:37:06,030
+Wonderful, a good idea to represent this situation
+
+464
+00:37:06,030 --> 00:37:10,470
+or this crisis situation in politics by having
+
+465
+00:37:10,470 --> 00:37:18,010
+this funny and interesting patterning. I know some
+
+466
+00:37:18,010 --> 00:37:21,970
+of you are not happy now. Why? Because we narrowed
+
+467
+00:37:21,970 --> 00:37:26,630
+the poem to the intended meaning of the poet. And
+
+468
+00:37:26,630 --> 00:37:29,250
+I think the poet would not be very happy as well.
+
+469
+00:37:30,040 --> 00:37:35,600
+So I think in this course I'm going to give you
+
+470
+00:37:35,600 --> 00:37:41,460
+space, freedom to express yourself, like to figure
+
+471
+00:37:41,460 --> 00:37:44,860
+out different interpretations to any poem, even
+
+472
+00:37:44,860 --> 00:37:49,160
+like they will establish themes of certain poems
+
+473
+00:37:49,160 --> 00:37:53,980
+we are going to study. This course is to make you
+
+474
+00:37:53,980 --> 00:37:58,700
+widen your critical perception. We are not going
+
+475
+00:37:58,700 --> 00:38:01,420
+to rule out certain interpretations and say,
+
+476
+00:38:01,620 --> 00:38:07,760
+that's it. No. So, I mean, when we read poems, you
+
+477
+00:38:07,760 --> 00:38:12,810
+might, for example, disagree with us, but the most
+
+478
+00:38:12,810 --> 00:38:16,050
+important thing is to bring together the
+
+479
+00:38:16,050 --> 00:38:23,530
+specialized language and the
+
+480
+00:38:23,530 --> 00:38:28,490
+general language. Any questions so far?
+
+481
+00:38:33,370 --> 00:38:43,200
+Good. So next time, we're going to read, to start
+
+482
+00:38:43,200 --> 00:38:48,760
+the course by reading Sir Thomas Wyatt and his
+
+483
+00:38:48,760 --> 00:38:52,680
+poem, Who's a Lost Hunt. But in order to prepare,
+
+484
+00:38:53,800 --> 00:38:59,560
+I told you, you should read something about the
+
+485
+00:38:59,560 --> 00:39:02,360
+historical background. I left for you in the
+
+486
+00:39:02,360 --> 00:39:06,000
+reader, in the pamphlet, a biography about the
+
+487
+00:39:06,000 --> 00:39:09,000
+poet, something about courtly love, because it's
+
+488
+00:39:09,000 --> 00:39:13,960
+very important to know what is courtly love, and
+
+489
+00:39:13,960 --> 00:39:19,160
+then to read the poem. And before pinning your
+
+490
+00:39:19,160 --> 00:39:22,560
+response, it is very important to read the poem
+
+491
+00:39:22,560 --> 00:39:26,560
+several times. I don't know how would you read it,
+
+492
+00:39:26,900 --> 00:39:29,540
+but I don't want you to read it as if you were
+
+493
+00:39:29,540 --> 00:39:33,400
+reading a newspaper. You might read it in
+
+494
+00:39:33,400 --> 00:39:36,940
+different ways until the poem makes sense. And
+
+495
+00:39:36,940 --> 00:39:40,560
+after that, you have to start writing your
+
+496
+00:39:40,560 --> 00:39:45,640
+response. I know that your initial response might
+
+497
+00:39:45,640 --> 00:39:51,040
+not be deep, but it is a response which I would
+
+498
+00:39:51,040 --> 00:39:57,920
+evaluate and perhaps develop in the class. Okay?
+
+499
+00:39:58,620 --> 00:40:01,980
+So somebody might say, what should we write? You
+
+500
+00:40:01,980 --> 00:40:05,840
+can say, okay. Like, after having enough
+
+501
+00:40:05,840 --> 00:40:08,920
+background about the life of the poet, and, you
+
+502
+00:40:08,920 --> 00:40:11,260
+know, after understanding that he was a famous
+
+503
+00:40:11,260 --> 00:40:16,580
+courtier, I became more interested in, you know,
+
+504
+00:40:16,660 --> 00:40:20,580
+reading his poetry. And when I read this poem, you
+
+505
+00:40:20,580 --> 00:40:24,280
+know, Hossein Ostouhan, I started, like, to see,
+
+506
+00:40:24,340 --> 00:40:27,420
+like, something different. I started to see how
+
+507
+00:40:27,420 --> 00:40:31,600
+the poet was frustrated, disappointed because of
+
+508
+00:40:31,600 --> 00:40:35,220
+this and that. You see what I mean? And I would
+
+509
+00:40:35,220 --> 00:40:40,740
+see this, you can bring it like a hard copy and at
+
+510
+00:40:40,740 --> 00:40:43,680
+the same time prepare a soft copy because we might
+
+511
+00:40:43,680 --> 00:40:47,840
+put this on the page. So until then, I wish you
+
+512
+00:40:47,840 --> 00:40:50,280
+good luck and thank you very much for listening to
+
+513
+00:40:50,280 --> 00:40:50,940
+me, okay? 

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/8csqceWNOlQ_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2076 @@
+1
+00:00:12,780 --> 00:00:17,120
+Okay, good morning everybody. Hope you are doing
+
+2
+00:00:17,120 --> 00:00:21,460
+well after this weekend. Have some time to read
+
+3
+00:00:21,460 --> 00:00:27,700
+something about Sir Thomas Wyatt, his poem. Okay?
+
+4
+00:00:28,360 --> 00:00:32,700
+And, of course, like, having good impression about
+
+5
+00:00:32,700 --> 00:00:38,820
+the previous class. So, as usual, let us start by
+
+6
+00:00:38,820 --> 00:00:43,520
+listening to a report. Who's ready to read her
+
+7
+00:00:43,520 --> 00:00:49,480
+report? Who's willing to read her report? Okay?
+
+8
+00:00:55,100 --> 00:01:00,220
+Good. The last lecture was very formal, because
+
+9
+00:01:00,220 --> 00:01:03,460
+the cameras were founded. All of us were not in
+
+10
+00:01:03,460 --> 00:01:08,360
+the normal state, including Dr. Akram. Anyway, Dr.
+
+11
+00:01:08,380 --> 00:01:10,820
+Akram wrote some part of poem, which was not
+
+12
+00:01:10,820 --> 00:01:14,720
+written in the right way as a poem. It's called
+
+13
+00:01:14,720 --> 00:01:18,240
+Forty Love. We were surprised. Then he wrote
+
+14
+00:01:18,240 --> 00:01:21,620
+another poem, which was so strange one. It's
+
+15
+00:01:21,620 --> 00:01:25,140
+called An-An-Tee-Tee. So he asked us to put it in
+
+16
+00:01:25,140 --> 00:01:28,970
+a metrical language. One student did it, and all
+
+17
+00:01:28,970 --> 00:01:31,950
+of us started laughing. Then he read it like a
+
+18
+00:01:31,950 --> 00:01:35,330
+poem. It was a Chinese language. In fact, last
+
+19
+00:01:35,330 --> 00:01:39,590
+lecture was very funny, and it was a good start
+
+20
+00:01:39,590 --> 00:01:43,410
+our day with that. OK, thank you very much. Now,
+
+21
+00:01:43,870 --> 00:01:48,070
+again, is anybody willing to? Yes?
+
+22
+00:01:53,210 --> 00:01:55,890
+So far, it's been positive response.
+
+23
+00:01:58,830 --> 00:02:01,210
+But again, if you have a problem, you can
+
+24
+00:02:01,210 --> 00:02:05,550
+complain. It's not a big deal, you know? Okay.
+
+25
+00:02:07,050 --> 00:02:09,670
+Really it was interesting lecture last week. I
+
+26
+00:02:09,670 --> 00:02:12,250
+admire the system of education by distance very
+
+27
+00:02:12,250 --> 00:02:15,310
+much. How it's beautiful to find my lecture when I
+
+28
+00:02:15,310 --> 00:02:18,330
+need it on my computer despite my feeling in
+
+29
+00:02:18,330 --> 00:02:21,470
+restriction because of picturing devices in more
+
+30
+00:02:21,470 --> 00:02:27,270
+than one place. One of my happiness reasons also
+
+31
+00:02:27,270 --> 00:02:31,110
+the easiness of the poetry introduction that make
+
+32
+00:02:31,110 --> 00:02:33,850
+me trust in the poetry material. Okay, thank you
+
+33
+00:02:33,850 --> 00:02:38,800
+very much. Next time, I'm going to ask randomly.
+
+34
+00:02:39,060 --> 00:02:41,120
+I'm not going to tell you who's willing, okay?
+
+35
+00:02:44,220 --> 00:02:49,720
+Now, what about, like, the poem? I mean, who's
+
+36
+00:02:49,720 --> 00:02:53,420
+lost a hand? What about the,
+
+37
+00:02:54,040 --> 00:02:59,840
+I mean, the poet himself, Sir Thomas Wyatt? I
+
+38
+00:02:59,840 --> 00:03:02,260
+think you had time to prepare and to write a
+
+39
+00:03:02,260 --> 00:03:06,580
+response. So I need somebody with a response, and
+
+40
+00:03:06,580 --> 00:03:10,280
+then I have to ask each student.
+
+41
+00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:16,420
+Who's ready to read a response? Yes, please.
+
+42
+00:03:21,440 --> 00:03:23,820
+When Dr. Habib asked us to write our first
+
+43
+00:03:23,820 --> 00:03:26,680
+response about our first gorgeous poem, Who's Lost
+
+44
+00:03:26,680 --> 00:03:29,160
+a Hunt, I knew that we were going to write about
+
+45
+00:03:29,160 --> 00:03:31,620
+our first impression when we read the poem for the
+
+46
+00:03:31,620 --> 00:03:34,060
+first time. At the same time, first impressions
+
+47
+00:03:34,060 --> 00:03:36,820
+differ widely, and it's very unrealable. I may
+
+48
+00:03:36,820 --> 00:03:39,520
+like the poem, but the other may not. I may enjoy
+
+49
+00:03:39,520 --> 00:03:42,520
+it, but my friend may not. All these questions
+
+50
+00:03:43,070 --> 00:03:45,790
+came to my mind and make me a little bit confused.
+
+51
+00:03:46,630 --> 00:03:49,630
+But the teacher said that the first impression may
+
+52
+00:03:49,630 --> 00:03:51,690
+differ from one person to another, but at the same
+
+53
+00:03:51,690 --> 00:03:54,250
+time there is one common understanding and
+
+54
+00:03:54,250 --> 00:03:56,610
+realization come after your realization to the
+
+55
+00:03:56,610 --> 00:03:58,790
+language and the use of the language and the
+
+56
+00:03:58,790 --> 00:04:00,650
+historical background about the poem and about
+
+57
+00:04:00,650 --> 00:04:04,970
+itself, himself. We are lucky to begin with one of
+
+58
+00:04:04,970 --> 00:04:07,450
+the best sonnet ever written by White, which is
+
+59
+00:04:07,450 --> 00:04:10,270
+Hoselist Hunt. It's held by White's imitation for
+
+60
+00:04:10,270 --> 00:04:13,150
+the lime, written by Petrac, a 14th century
+
+61
+00:04:13,150 --> 00:04:15,950
+Italian poet. He describes a hunt where a deer is
+
+62
+00:04:15,950 --> 00:04:18,850
+birthed and ultimately owned by the royal who owns
+
+63
+00:04:18,850 --> 00:04:22,530
+the land. When I looked on the poems that the
+
+64
+00:04:22,530 --> 00:04:25,490
+teacher selected, I realized that they selected
+
+65
+00:04:25,490 --> 00:04:29,150
+poems was the most common poems in certain ages.
+
+66
+00:04:29,490 --> 00:04:32,550
+For example, this poem written in the Elizabethan
+
+67
+00:04:32,550 --> 00:04:34,890
+age when the courtly love was one of the most
+
+68
+00:04:34,890 --> 00:04:38,650
+important themes. Courtly love could be defined as
+
+69
+00:04:38,650 --> 00:04:41,930
+unsuccessful love exists between two unequal
+
+70
+00:04:41,930 --> 00:04:45,310
+sides, the lover from a non-upper class but the
+
+71
+00:04:45,310 --> 00:04:48,790
+lady from a high class. And it's worth mentioning
+
+72
+00:04:48,790 --> 00:04:51,830
+that Devout was succeeded in making his personal
+
+73
+00:04:51,830 --> 00:04:55,690
+experience and his personal feeling equals with
+
+74
+00:04:55,690 --> 00:04:58,570
+the public one. It reached our heart and which
+
+75
+00:04:58,570 --> 00:05:02,110
+make it realistic one. The poem open with a sort
+
+76
+00:05:02,110 --> 00:05:04,950
+of open invitation to hunters who wants to take a
+
+77
+00:05:04,950 --> 00:05:07,890
+capture hind. Furthermore, he describes that Anne
+
+78
+00:05:08,050 --> 00:05:11,570
+which she's the high class lady, become the
+
+79
+00:05:11,570 --> 00:05:14,110
+property of the king alone. He introduced the
+
+80
+00:05:14,110 --> 00:05:17,270
+sonnet, which is a form of lyrical poetry written
+
+81
+00:05:17,270 --> 00:05:19,710
+in different shape. It's written in accordance
+
+82
+00:05:19,710 --> 00:05:22,070
+with a set of rules and it consists of 14 lines.
+
+83
+00:05:22,390 --> 00:05:25,670
+The first eight lines from one unit and the last
+
+84
+00:05:25,670 --> 00:05:28,750
+six, it's another. And it was introduced to
+
+85
+00:05:28,750 --> 00:05:32,050
+England by Wyatt. So he considered the father of
+
+86
+00:05:32,050 --> 00:05:36,480
+English sonnet. Moreover, I liked the using of
+
+87
+00:05:36,480 --> 00:05:39,360
+figure of speech that the poet uses in his poem.
+
+88
+00:05:39,740 --> 00:05:42,180
+For instance, the using of intonation in the
+
+89
+00:05:42,180 --> 00:05:45,340
+first, third and the fifth lines, which add a
+
+90
+00:05:45,340 --> 00:05:50,220
+musical tone to the poem. Metaphors are also used,
+
+91
+00:05:50,360 --> 00:05:53,660
+which is a central figure of speech. When he
+
+92
+00:05:53,660 --> 00:05:57,680
+compares between a lady to a hand in the first
+
+93
+00:05:57,680 --> 00:06:00,920
+line, and when he compares between the task of
+
+94
+00:06:00,920 --> 00:06:03,120
+catching air to the task of catching a wind.
+
+95
+00:06:05,700 --> 00:06:08,800
+Another figurative device found in the poem is the
+
+96
+00:06:08,800 --> 00:06:11,000
+paradox, which is clearly seen at the end of the
+
+97
+00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:15,600
+poem. Here, Piland declares that although she's a
+
+98
+00:06:15,600 --> 00:06:19,880
+pure stem, it's dangerous to hold her as she is
+
+99
+00:06:19,880 --> 00:06:23,430
+wild. Talking about the rhyme in The Who's Rest To
+
+100
+00:06:23,430 --> 00:06:27,910
+Hunt, Wyatt uses a yampic petameter in which a
+
+101
+00:06:27,910 --> 00:06:32,410
+line has five pairs of unstressed syllabus. To
+
+102
+00:06:32,410 --> 00:06:34,550
+conclude, I'd like to confess that the poem is
+
+103
+00:06:34,550 --> 00:06:37,150
+amazing and the poet succeeded in describing his
+
+104
+00:06:37,150 --> 00:06:40,870
+suffering and his sorrow, talking about one of the
+
+105
+00:06:40,870 --> 00:06:43,290
+most important theme in his age, which is
+
+106
+00:06:43,290 --> 00:06:45,710
+quarterly love. Last but not least, I want to say
+
+107
+00:06:45,710 --> 00:06:49,550
+that he did succeed in ending it perfectly. Okay,
+
+108
+00:06:49,610 --> 00:06:52,230
+I think she is worth A big applause.
+
+109
+00:06:55,150 --> 00:06:57,950
+Thank you very much. This is a very, you know,
+
+110
+00:06:58,190 --> 00:07:04,310
+thorough, entire response, which makes up, like,
+
+111
+00:07:04,930 --> 00:07:08,090
+responsibility great. There have been many terms
+
+112
+00:07:08,090 --> 00:07:09,950
+that have been introduced, like the sonnet,
+
+113
+00:07:10,070 --> 00:07:13,210
+courtly love, rhyme, rhythm, you know, the poem,
+
+114
+00:07:13,430 --> 00:07:16,330
+the age. So this is what we are going to do today.
+
+115
+00:07:16,830 --> 00:07:20,050
+But again, as a point of entry, I would like to go
+
+116
+00:07:20,050 --> 00:07:22,510
+through your response, whether you liked the poem
+
+117
+00:07:22,510 --> 00:07:25,770
+or you didn't like the poem. Those who liked the
+
+118
+00:07:25,770 --> 00:07:29,130
+poem should say why. Those who didn't like, again,
+
+119
+00:07:29,530 --> 00:07:32,410
+they should justify why they didn't like it.
+
+120
+00:07:51,330 --> 00:07:57,990
+Okay, again, courtly love is, you know, an issue
+
+121
+00:07:57,990 --> 00:08:02,170
+which we have to explain, you know. But were you
+
+122
+00:08:02,170 --> 00:08:05,710
+happy with the poet? Like, you think he's a good
+
+123
+00:08:05,710 --> 00:08:11,390
+poet? Did you admire the poet? Did you? He's a
+
+124
+00:08:11,390 --> 00:08:16,150
+nice gentleman? Like, okay, the poet, I think in
+
+125
+00:08:16,150 --> 00:08:20,220
+the poem, Do you know what is it about? Like what
+
+126
+00:08:20,220 --> 00:08:20,700
+is it about?
+
+127
+00:08:23,680 --> 00:08:29,460
+Okay, is it about like a man hunting? Huh? No?
+
+128
+00:08:29,720 --> 00:08:33,300
+Why? You know, the poet declares from the very
+
+129
+00:08:33,300 --> 00:08:37,160
+beginning, who's supposed to hunt, I know where is
+
+130
+00:08:37,160 --> 00:08:40,580
+a knight. So don't you think this is a hunting
+
+131
+00:08:40,580 --> 00:08:44,920
+position? Huh? You think that he is going to hunt
+
+132
+00:08:44,920 --> 00:08:49,710
+something? But when we read it after adaptor, we
+
+133
+00:08:49,710 --> 00:08:52,170
+discover that he's talking about his mistress. OK.
+
+134
+00:08:52,390 --> 00:08:58,830
+So this is not about hunting, but rather it's
+
+135
+00:08:58,830 --> 00:09:01,290
+about something else. It's about the relationship
+
+136
+00:09:01,290 --> 00:09:07,810
+between a man and a woman. In this sense, this
+
+137
+00:09:07,810 --> 00:09:11,410
+kind of poetry or literature, we call it what?
+
+138
+00:09:11,730 --> 00:09:14,490
+Allegorical. OK. Thank you very much. It is
+
+139
+00:09:14,490 --> 00:09:19,510
+allegorical. Allegory, it means to speak in the
+
+140
+00:09:19,510 --> 00:09:22,970
+terms about something in the terms of something
+
+141
+00:09:22,970 --> 00:09:27,330
+else. This is what we call allegory. Okay?
+
+142
+00:09:31,370 --> 00:09:32,010
+Good.
+
+143
+00:09:34,890 --> 00:09:36,010
+Let's see someone else.
+
+144
+00:09:39,230 --> 00:09:42,010
+But again, we might say,
+
+145
+00:09:48,140 --> 00:09:53,940
+Why wasn't he very straightforward? Okay. So why?
+
+146
+00:09:55,140 --> 00:10:00,760
+We might think of an answer later. Good. Let's see
+
+147
+00:10:00,760 --> 00:10:04,920
+somebody else. Go ahead. Do you like the poem or
+
+148
+00:10:04,920 --> 00:10:09,620
+do you like the poem? Okay.
+
+149
+00:10:16,710 --> 00:10:19,670
+Let's see. What about the poet? Have you read
+
+150
+00:10:19,670 --> 00:10:22,570
+something about the poet? You mentioned the
+
+151
+00:10:22,570 --> 00:10:27,110
+sonnet. What is a sonnet? What is a sonnet? Yes?
+
+152
+00:10:30,430 --> 00:10:38,190
+Yes, so it is a poem formed of 14 lines. Now you
+
+153
+00:10:38,190 --> 00:10:41,210
+said like in her response she said Sir Thomas
+
+154
+00:10:41,210 --> 00:10:45,290
+Wyatt was the father of the English sonnet. What
+
+155
+00:10:45,290 --> 00:10:48,960
+does this mean? Like, was he the one who created
+
+156
+00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:51,840
+the Sonic? Was he? Yes?
+
+157
+00:10:56,200 --> 00:10:59,620
+Yeah, he brought it from Rome. Very good. He
+
+158
+00:10:59,620 --> 00:11:05,100
+brought that phone from Petrarch.
+
+159
+00:11:05,420 --> 00:11:12,020
+Petrarch was a famous Italian poet. And you know,
+
+160
+00:11:12,220 --> 00:11:15,820
+Sir Thomas Foyer had the chance because he was an
+
+161
+00:11:15,820 --> 00:11:21,340
+ambassador He was a courtier living in the court
+
+162
+00:11:21,340 --> 00:11:27,840
+of, you know, Henry VIII. He had the chance. He
+
+163
+00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:32,340
+had the chance to go to Rome, and he translated.
+
+164
+00:11:33,080 --> 00:11:36,300
+He met Petrarch. He translated some of his poems,
+
+165
+00:11:36,640 --> 00:11:42,920
+and he started to use, you know, this type of, you
+
+166
+00:11:42,920 --> 00:11:47,560
+know, or this form. in order to express a very
+
+167
+00:11:47,560 --> 00:11:50,480
+traditional English theme, which is courtly love.
+
+168
+00:11:51,120 --> 00:11:54,600
+Again, courtly love is a term which requires some
+
+169
+00:11:54,600 --> 00:12:00,720
+definition. What is courtly love? Because, you
+
+170
+00:12:00,720 --> 00:12:04,180
+know, I want you to understand this is like a
+
+171
+00:12:04,180 --> 00:12:08,080
+theme which reflected the culture of the time. And
+
+172
+00:12:08,080 --> 00:12:11,420
+the culture of the time was a little bit masculine
+
+173
+00:12:11,420 --> 00:12:16,460
+culture. You know, courtly love was, you know, was
+
+174
+00:12:16,460 --> 00:12:20,920
+type of poetry which was written by like
+
+175
+00:12:20,920 --> 00:12:29,080
+courtiers. Okay. So what is courtly love? Yes. I
+
+176
+00:12:29,080 --> 00:12:33,820
+think it is a traditional English game. Okay. With
+
+177
+00:12:33,820 --> 00:12:37,640
+a, with a man. They see a woman and fall in love
+
+178
+00:12:37,640 --> 00:12:42,000
+with her. He put himself in a room for two court
+
+179
+00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:47,570
+days. Yes. If the woman of his beloved accepted
+
+180
+00:12:47,570 --> 00:12:54,930
+him, he will write the best poem to express his
+
+181
+00:12:54,930 --> 00:13:01,110
+beloved. And if she rejected him, he will write
+
+182
+00:13:01,110 --> 00:13:04,910
+the best poem to express his family. That's it.
+
+183
+00:13:05,310 --> 00:13:08,630
+You know, yes, it is very traditional, very old
+
+184
+00:13:08,630 --> 00:13:17,260
+English theme, you know, and It was like Chaucer,
+
+185
+00:13:17,920 --> 00:13:22,020
+a 14th century. Have you heard of Chaucer? Chaucer
+
+186
+00:13:22,020 --> 00:13:24,760
+was, you know, the father of English literature.
+
+187
+00:13:25,380 --> 00:13:28,180
+He was writing Courtly Love and before him. And it
+
+188
+00:13:28,180 --> 00:13:30,740
+seems like Courtly Love was influenced by
+
+189
+00:13:30,740 --> 00:13:34,280
+troubadour poets who used to live in France and
+
+190
+00:13:34,280 --> 00:13:38,040
+those who were influenced by Arab poetry. See,
+
+191
+00:13:38,160 --> 00:13:42,370
+because in Arabic poetry, we have poetry which was
+
+192
+00:13:42,370 --> 00:13:47,010
+talking about love. You know, honestly, like, the
+
+193
+00:13:47,010 --> 00:13:49,630
+values of the time of the 16th century, like,
+
+194
+00:13:49,970 --> 00:13:52,970
+there were two values which were very prominent
+
+195
+00:13:52,970 --> 00:13:59,030
+values, courtly love and, you know, heroism. In
+
+196
+00:13:59,030 --> 00:14:03,070
+order to be a hero, you should be good at writing,
+
+197
+00:14:03,090 --> 00:14:08,070
+you know, courtly love. So courtly love was an
+
+198
+00:14:08,070 --> 00:14:12,340
+exercise in masculinity. If anybody, if any man
+
+199
+00:14:12,340 --> 00:14:18,160
+wants to prove that he is a man, he should show
+
+200
+00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:23,200
+his ability of writing such type of poetry. And
+
+201
+00:14:23,200 --> 00:14:26,920
+unfortunately, this type of poetry denigrates
+
+202
+00:14:26,920 --> 00:14:31,900
+women. I mean, a man wants to prove his nobility,
+
+203
+00:14:32,400 --> 00:14:36,180
+his sincerity at the expense of blackening the
+
+204
+00:14:36,180 --> 00:14:39,170
+image of women. And this is something disturbing.
+
+205
+00:14:39,330 --> 00:14:42,810
+I'm not sure whether some of you was disturbed
+
+206
+00:14:42,810 --> 00:14:47,750
+because some of you mentioned that, yes, the poet
+
+207
+00:14:47,750 --> 00:14:52,630
+was noble, the poet was good. You see? It seemed
+
+208
+00:14:52,630 --> 00:14:56,490
+like some of you were attracted by the poet. Good.
+
+209
+00:14:59,870 --> 00:15:04,300
+So we are dealing with traditional English theme
+
+210
+00:15:04,300 --> 00:15:12,340
+written in an alien form, which is the sonnet. And
+
+211
+00:15:12,340 --> 00:15:17,680
+in your response, you said Petrarchan sonnet. What
+
+212
+00:15:17,680 --> 00:15:20,840
+is a Petrarchan sonnet? How many parts are there
+
+213
+00:15:20,840 --> 00:15:27,160
+in the Petrarchan sonnet? There are two parts, the
+
+214
+00:15:27,160 --> 00:15:32,090
+octave and the system, the octave and the system.
+
+215
+00:15:32,450 --> 00:15:34,970
+Should I write for you like these things? Okay.
+
+216
+00:15:41,150 --> 00:15:45,330
+So again it's very important to notice what is
+
+217
+00:15:45,330 --> 00:15:51,610
+happening, what
+
+218
+00:15:51,610 --> 00:15:53,930
+is happening in each part of the song.
+
+219
+00:15:59,630 --> 00:16:03,270
+What is happening in the octave? What is happening
+
+220
+00:16:03,270 --> 00:16:06,650
+in, you know, the system?
+
+221
+00:16:23,770 --> 00:16:28,750
+Octave and
+
+222
+00:16:28,750 --> 00:16:34,330
+system. So they obtained, in the octave we have?
+
+223
+00:16:34,530 --> 00:16:37,930
+Eight lines. Eight lines, and the sistet, we have?
+
+224
+00:16:37,950 --> 00:16:44,310
+Six lines. Six lines. And she mentioned, like,
+
+225
+00:16:45,530 --> 00:16:47,730
+that the Petrarchan Sunnah was a little bit
+
+226
+00:16:47,730 --> 00:16:53,330
+distinguished for its rhyme scheme. When we are
+
+227
+00:16:53,330 --> 00:16:57,590
+talking about rhyme scheme, we have to look at the
+
+228
+00:16:57,590 --> 00:16:58,590
+poem in this way.
+
+229
+00:17:01,900 --> 00:17:05,360
+We have to look at the, you know, the last line.
+
+230
+00:17:08,420 --> 00:17:16,860
+And, so we should start with a. More, it's a new
+
+231
+00:17:16,860 --> 00:17:21,260
+rhyme. You see, it should be, should it be a if
+
+232
+00:17:21,260 --> 00:17:27,080
+no. And, you know, let's take the poem like this.
+
+233
+00:17:27,640 --> 00:17:27,940
+Sorry.
+
+234
+00:17:31,020 --> 00:17:35,420
+Because I want you to know how the right scheme is
+
+235
+00:17:35,420 --> 00:17:49,600
+taken. No problem.
+
+236
+00:17:57,980 --> 00:17:59,940
+Okay, so we failed.
+
+237
+00:18:04,520 --> 00:18:08,600
+Okay, so if we are talking about, we can do it in
+
+238
+00:18:08,600 --> 00:18:09,040
+this way.
+
+239
+00:18:19,320 --> 00:18:25,540
+Okay, I'm is the first sound. So if we go, it
+
+240
+00:18:25,540 --> 00:18:27,200
+should be given a sign A.
+
+241
+00:18:30,220 --> 00:18:35,960
+It is another one, so it should be B. Then we have
+
+242
+00:18:35,960 --> 00:18:41,180
+sore, which is exactly the same. So we have A, B,
+
+243
+00:18:41,620 --> 00:18:51,360
+B, and then A. Okay, so we have A, B, B, A, then
+
+244
+00:18:51,360 --> 00:18:58,390
+what? A, you know? B, B, A. So this is what we
+
+245
+00:18:58,390 --> 00:19:04,090
+call the octave. Okay? And now the system should
+
+246
+00:19:04,090 --> 00:19:07,430
+be assigned.
+
+247
+00:19:09,450 --> 00:19:12,790
+So we have one, two, three, four, five, six,
+
+248
+00:19:12,930 --> 00:19:17,890
+seven, eight. And now we have doubt. Okay? It
+
+249
+00:19:17,890 --> 00:19:29,580
+should be what? C, D, D, C. So C, D. C, D. Then we
+
+250
+00:19:29,580 --> 00:19:33,340
+have a new rhyme, which is E, E. So this is the
+
+251
+00:19:33,340 --> 00:19:36,600
+rhyme scheme of the Petrarchian Sonnet. I want you
+
+252
+00:19:36,600 --> 00:19:41,360
+to like, to be aware of the, because later, this
+
+253
+00:19:41,360 --> 00:19:45,520
+sonnet will not remain as it is. Henry Howard,
+
+254
+00:19:45,660 --> 00:19:50,880
+Earl of Surrey, will come and develop this form
+
+255
+00:19:50,880 --> 00:19:57,980
+and it will assume a purely English identity. Now,
+
+256
+00:19:58,680 --> 00:20:01,340
+identity,
+
+257
+00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:05,560
+nationalism, these are issues which, you know, we
+
+258
+00:20:05,560 --> 00:20:10,500
+might discuss when we are discussing the poem. I
+
+259
+00:20:10,500 --> 00:20:13,680
+don't want, like, to go far. Let's go back to the
+
+260
+00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:15,840
+poem. Have you read it aloud? I mean, the poem.
+
+261
+00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:19,080
+Have you read it aloud? How did it sound?
+
+262
+00:20:23,540 --> 00:20:24,100
+Okay.
+
+263
+00:20:27,740 --> 00:20:34,700
+So you started to feel with the poet. Okay.
+
+264
+00:20:37,260 --> 00:20:40,840
+So, I don't know, like, how you read it.
+
+265
+00:20:44,040 --> 00:20:47,680
+Did anybody, like, read the poem, like, in a
+
+266
+00:20:47,680 --> 00:20:51,720
+lyrical, in singing it? Like, who's lost a heart?
+
+267
+00:20:51,820 --> 00:20:58,820
+I know where is a nine. Or like So
+
+268
+00:20:58,820 --> 00:21:03,160
+it is available on the YouTube good and which one
+
+269
+00:21:03,160 --> 00:21:11,400
+like did you like the singing Okay both Okay
+
+270
+00:21:11,400 --> 00:21:18,020
+Okay,
+
+271
+00:21:18,020 --> 00:21:24,490
+so let me read it aloud for you and Who's lost a
+
+272
+00:21:24,490 --> 00:21:29,490
+hunt? I know where is a nine. But as for me, alas,
+
+273
+00:21:29,870 --> 00:21:33,890
+I may know more. The vain travel hath worried me
+
+274
+00:21:33,890 --> 00:21:38,270
+so sore. Among them that farthest comes behind. It
+
+275
+00:21:38,270 --> 00:21:41,810
+may I by no means my willed mind draw from the
+
+276
+00:21:41,810 --> 00:21:46,550
+deer. But as chief bee leaves a four, fainting I
+
+277
+00:21:46,550 --> 00:21:51,150
+follow. I leave after four. Since in a net I seek
+
+278
+00:21:51,150 --> 00:21:55,830
+to hold the wind. Who lost her hunt, I put him out
+
+279
+00:21:55,830 --> 00:22:00,230
+of doubt, as well as I may spend his time in vain.
+
+280
+00:22:00,750 --> 00:22:03,490
+And the graven with diamonds and letters plain,
+
+281
+00:22:04,190 --> 00:22:09,630
+there is written her fair neck round about, no
+
+282
+00:22:09,630 --> 00:22:14,130
+limit and jar for Caesar I am, and while for the
+
+283
+00:22:14,130 --> 00:22:22,450
+cold though I seem tame. Very sad, huh? Who's sad?
+
+284
+00:22:23,920 --> 00:22:26,920
+You or the poet? The poet. And you are not made
+
+285
+00:22:26,920 --> 00:22:33,340
+sad? Look at him. He's poor. He's impoverished.
+
+286
+00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:38,300
+He's abject. You understand abject? Very poor.
+
+287
+00:22:38,560 --> 00:22:41,460
+Because this is, you know, what should happen in
+
+288
+00:22:41,460 --> 00:22:47,480
+courtly love. We have a poet who's abject. Why?
+
+289
+00:22:47,620 --> 00:22:50,780
+Because of the cruelty of a lady. So it is the
+
+290
+00:22:50,780 --> 00:22:57,420
+lady Who causes all this misery for the poet? Why?
+
+291
+00:22:57,540 --> 00:23:02,560
+Because she's not compassionate. She doesn't
+
+292
+00:23:02,560 --> 00:23:07,400
+understand him. And she causes, I bet you don't
+
+293
+00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:11,500
+like this, of course. This is too much. But that's
+
+294
+00:23:11,500 --> 00:23:18,880
+what happened in Cordula. So a man wanted to
+
+295
+00:23:18,880 --> 00:23:24,850
+confirm you know, his masculinity. How? How can
+
+296
+00:23:24,850 --> 00:23:29,390
+you show yourself that you're a gentleman? Just by
+
+297
+00:23:29,390 --> 00:23:35,550
+contrasting yourself, you know, with a woman,
+
+298
+00:23:35,910 --> 00:23:38,570
+right? So we have here, if we have to look at the
+
+299
+00:23:38,570 --> 00:23:42,990
+man and assign some attributes to him, we'll find
+
+300
+00:23:42,990 --> 00:23:48,410
+him what? Give some attributes. He's gentle? Go
+
+301
+00:23:48,410 --> 00:23:55,290
+ahead. He's gentle, a bit sincere, noble, honest,
+
+302
+00:23:56,530 --> 00:23:58,650
+self-confident,
+
+303
+00:24:00,290 --> 00:24:05,330
+sensitive, and if you look at the lady, she's
+
+304
+00:24:05,330 --> 00:24:10,170
+what? She is beautiful,
+
+305
+00:24:12,770 --> 00:24:13,730
+arrogant,
+
+306
+00:24:16,020 --> 00:24:18,080
+You have to be responsible for every word.
+
+307
+00:24:18,220 --> 00:24:23,900
+Changeable? Like fickle? You know? What else?
+
+308
+00:24:24,120 --> 00:24:33,240
+Cruel? Why? Why is she cruel? Because she doesn't
+
+309
+00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:41,680
+reciprocate the poet his feelings. Okay. I think
+
+310
+00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:46,940
+if we read it in courtly love, we might not enjoy
+
+311
+00:24:46,940 --> 00:24:52,260
+the aesthetics of the poem. So let's look at the
+
+312
+00:24:52,260 --> 00:24:56,320
+poem, because I said that the culture of the time
+
+313
+00:24:56,320 --> 00:25:01,320
+before, we have to understand the poem in its
+
+314
+00:25:01,320 --> 00:25:05,900
+cultural and historical context. The 16th century
+
+315
+00:25:05,900 --> 00:25:10,250
+was an age of expansion, was an age of even
+
+316
+00:25:10,250 --> 00:25:14,450
+establishing its identity. Henry VIII, who took
+
+317
+00:25:14,450 --> 00:25:23,530
+power in 1519, was a very powerful king and he
+
+318
+00:25:23,530 --> 00:25:30,750
+wanted to establish the idea of Great Britain. So
+
+319
+00:25:30,750 --> 00:25:33,790
+he succeeded in getting Wales because Wales was
+
+320
+00:25:33,790 --> 00:25:40,990
+not part of the Great Britain, and even by fourth
+
+321
+00:25:40,990 --> 00:25:45,870
+island in order to have. So he became the monarch
+
+322
+00:25:45,870 --> 00:25:52,890
+of Great Britain. And during his time, England was
+
+323
+00:25:52,890 --> 00:25:56,790
+exposed to the Renaissance. And when I say
+
+324
+00:25:56,790 --> 00:26:02,190
+Renaissance, we talk about the
+
+325
+00:26:02,190 --> 00:26:06,180
+rebirth, the coming civilization. And of course,
+
+326
+00:26:07,020 --> 00:26:11,040
+Italy, I mean Rome, where the Pope was, it was the
+
+327
+00:26:11,040 --> 00:26:12,600
+center of Renaissance.
+
+328
+00:26:15,160 --> 00:26:18,840
+England also was powerful. It wanted to expand.
+
+329
+00:26:19,620 --> 00:26:23,020
+You know, the king, you know, had an army and a
+
+330
+00:26:23,020 --> 00:26:29,040
+fleet. So it was the age of chivalry, chivalry
+
+331
+00:26:29,040 --> 00:26:33,320
+like knighthood. It was the age of heroism because
+
+332
+00:26:33,620 --> 00:26:36,820
+If you want to expand, if you want to annex a new
+
+333
+00:26:36,820 --> 00:26:41,520
+land, you need heroes. So that was the culture of
+
+334
+00:26:41,520 --> 00:26:47,220
+the time. And as we said, heroism in that age,
+
+335
+00:26:48,040 --> 00:26:51,640
+unfortunately, was not distinguished without
+
+336
+00:26:51,640 --> 00:26:57,540
+something like courtly law. So courtly love was an
+
+337
+00:26:57,540 --> 00:27:00,760
+issue. You cannot prove yourself. You cannot be a
+
+338
+00:27:00,760 --> 00:27:03,480
+courtier and you cannot be influential until you
+
+339
+00:27:03,480 --> 00:27:07,300
+show that you are a courtly lover.
+
+340
+00:27:09,760 --> 00:27:15,120
+Of course, like Henry VIII was a controversial
+
+341
+00:27:15,120 --> 00:27:19,340
+king. He got married for six times. You know,
+
+342
+00:27:19,400 --> 00:27:25,500
+there were six queens, you know. And he first got
+
+343
+00:27:25,500 --> 00:27:31,320
+married to Catherine, who was the bride of his
+
+344
+00:27:31,320 --> 00:27:36,320
+brother Arthur. Then he got married to Anne
+
+345
+00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:40,160
+Pauline, the one whom he fell in love with. And I
+
+346
+00:27:40,160 --> 00:27:44,020
+think Anne Pauline is in the background of the
+
+347
+00:27:44,020 --> 00:27:49,620
+poem. But all these marriages had to be confirmed
+
+348
+00:27:49,620 --> 00:27:55,570
+by the Pope in Italy. the Pope had an upper hand.
+
+349
+00:27:56,070 --> 00:28:00,050
+So if he wanted to marry or to change anything, he
+
+350
+00:28:00,050 --> 00:28:04,130
+had to consult or the Pope in Rome had to give him
+
+351
+00:28:04,130 --> 00:28:09,110
+an agreement. But during his time, like later, he
+
+352
+00:28:09,110 --> 00:28:15,330
+succeeded in 1533
+
+353
+00:28:15,330 --> 00:28:23,400
+to break up with the Catholic Church of Rome and
+
+354
+00:28:23,400 --> 00:28:27,100
+started to establish the, you know, or to
+
+355
+00:28:27,100 --> 00:28:31,260
+encourage the established church, which is of
+
+356
+00:28:31,260 --> 00:28:34,520
+England, which was Protestant. So they had some
+
+357
+00:28:34,520 --> 00:28:40,700
+differences with that, and he succeeded in fixing
+
+358
+00:28:40,700 --> 00:28:44,680
+the English identity. So the issue of identity, it
+
+359
+00:28:44,680 --> 00:28:48,340
+was there in politics, I mean, nationalism. It was
+
+360
+00:28:48,340 --> 00:28:52,920
+in politics. It was in, you know, religion. It was
+
+361
+00:28:52,920 --> 00:28:59,420
+even at social level. Okay. Now if we go to the
+
+362
+00:28:59,420 --> 00:29:03,240
+poem, because I don't want to deprive ourselves
+
+363
+00:29:03,240 --> 00:29:06,140
+from the aesthetics of the poem. Who's lost to
+
+364
+00:29:06,140 --> 00:29:12,040
+haunt? I know where is unarmed. It's a question
+
+365
+00:29:12,040 --> 00:29:20,360
+declaring that for people that whoever is
+
+366
+00:29:20,360 --> 00:29:28,350
+interested In finding a hind, a deer, I can tell
+
+367
+00:29:28,350 --> 00:29:36,330
+him. But as for me, alas, I may know more. So you
+
+368
+00:29:36,330 --> 00:29:40,950
+see here the poet is disinterested, is
+
+369
+00:29:40,950 --> 00:29:46,290
+disinterested in hunting. Why? So we ask why. And
+
+370
+00:29:46,290 --> 00:29:50,850
+we expect that you know, in the octave, he's going
+
+371
+00:29:50,850 --> 00:29:54,190
+to list the reasons. Why is he disinterested
+
+372
+00:29:54,190 --> 00:29:57,910
+according to the power? Why is he disinterested?
+
+373
+00:30:01,170 --> 00:30:09,230
+Yes? Because he tries? Yeah, because sometimes
+
+374
+00:30:09,230 --> 00:30:12,230
+like when you try to hunt and you fail, you try to
+
+375
+00:30:12,230 --> 00:30:14,530
+hunt and you fail, you get bored and you get
+
+376
+00:30:14,530 --> 00:30:18,950
+disinterested. Good. But as for me, alas, I may
+
+377
+00:30:18,950 --> 00:30:24,870
+know more. I'm not going to do it again. Why? In
+
+378
+00:30:24,870 --> 00:30:29,670
+the third line, he's trying to say why. He's
+
+379
+00:30:29,670 --> 00:30:33,950
+trying to warrant his decision, to justify his
+
+380
+00:30:33,950 --> 00:30:38,970
+decision. He says, the veil travailed, which is a
+
+381
+00:30:38,970 --> 00:30:42,810
+French word, wearied me so sore.
+
+382
+00:30:46,340 --> 00:30:52,300
+exhausted me, like the efforts, the vain. What's
+
+383
+00:30:52,300 --> 00:30:56,340
+mean vain? At some point, it is very important to
+
+384
+00:30:56,340 --> 00:31:00,540
+understand the dictionary meaning of the words,
+
+385
+00:31:00,660 --> 00:31:03,200
+the prose meaning of the poem. So at this stage,
+
+386
+00:31:03,240 --> 00:31:07,200
+as you see, we are paraphrasing the poem and
+
+387
+00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:11,540
+paraphrasing the poem is only a step towards a
+
+388
+00:31:11,540 --> 00:31:15,380
+total appreciation or a total understanding of the
+
+389
+00:31:15,380 --> 00:31:23,410
+poem. The vein traveled without benefit. The vein
+
+390
+00:31:23,410 --> 00:31:28,710
+traveled without benefit. The vein traveled
+
+391
+00:31:28,710 --> 00:31:31,570
+without benefit. The vein traveled without
+
+392
+00:31:31,570 --> 00:31:32,190
+benefit. The vein traveled without benefit. The
+
+393
+00:31:32,190 --> 00:31:32,310
+without benefit. The vein traveled without
+
+394
+00:31:32,310 --> 00:31:32,370
+benefit. The vein traveled without benefit. The
+
+395
+00:31:32,370 --> 00:31:32,390
+without benefit. The vein traveled without
+
+396
+00:31:32,390 --> 00:31:32,410
+benefit. The vein traveled without benefit. The
+
+397
+00:31:32,410 --> 00:31:32,690
+vein traveled without benefit. The vein traveled
+
+398
+00:31:32,690 --> 00:31:35,510
+without benefit. The vein traveled without
+
+399
+00:31:35,510 --> 00:31:41,090
+benefit. The vein traveled without benefit. The
+
+400
+00:31:41,090 --> 00:31:46,440
+vein Yeah, there is a kind of alliteration, so
+
+401
+00:31:46,440 --> 00:31:50,340
+sore. Like somebody, this alliteration, so sore.
+
+402
+00:31:50,820 --> 00:31:56,080
+The vain travel has wearied me so sore. Somebody
+
+403
+00:31:56,080 --> 00:32:00,240
+like complaining against like this. It was very
+
+404
+00:32:00,240 --> 00:32:05,240
+painful. Among them, that farthest comes behind.
+
+405
+00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:12,370
+So, he is not going to be the first. in hunting,
+
+406
+00:32:12,770 --> 00:32:19,450
+but rather they lost. Yet may I by no means my
+
+407
+00:32:19,450 --> 00:32:23,490
+wearied mind draw from the deer. Again he's asking
+
+408
+00:32:23,490 --> 00:32:27,750
+question, do you think like I'm giving up because
+
+409
+00:32:27,750 --> 00:32:28,510
+of no reasons?
+
+410
+00:32:32,310 --> 00:32:38,870
+But as he fleeth afore, fainting I follow, I leave
+
+411
+00:32:38,870 --> 00:32:43,650
+of therefore. Why is he leaving? I leave off
+
+412
+00:32:43,650 --> 00:32:50,350
+therefore. Yeah, because she is, as you see here,
+
+413
+00:32:51,070 --> 00:32:53,870
+he's following her and she's fleeing. He's
+
+414
+00:32:53,870 --> 00:32:56,710
+following, you know, he's following her and she's
+
+415
+00:32:56,710 --> 00:33:00,450
+fleeing. And because he, because of that, he what?
+
+416
+00:33:00,890 --> 00:33:07,130
+He got tired and he decided, yes, to leave her.
+
+417
+00:33:08,190 --> 00:33:12,640
+Now, in courtly love, In the traditional court
+
+418
+00:33:12,640 --> 00:33:18,260
+life, the poet is pleading because of the cruelty
+
+419
+00:33:18,260 --> 00:33:22,040
+of the lady. And he continues to be miserable,
+
+420
+00:33:22,300 --> 00:33:26,840
+abject. But he never, you know, appears like to be
+
+421
+00:33:26,840 --> 00:33:30,240
+dignified here. Look at him. I leave them off
+
+422
+00:33:30,240 --> 00:33:34,880
+therefore. We might admire this and we say what a
+
+423
+00:33:34,880 --> 00:33:38,770
+dignified person he is. And perhaps this is
+
+424
+00:33:38,770 --> 00:33:44,710
+something unique about the poetry of Sir Thomas
+
+425
+00:33:44,710 --> 00:33:47,910
+Wyatt. I mean, the courtly love written by Sir
+
+426
+00:33:47,910 --> 00:33:51,430
+Thomas Wyatt, because he was not like traditional
+
+427
+00:33:51,430 --> 00:33:55,810
+courtly lover pleading without dignity. Here, as
+
+428
+00:33:55,810 --> 00:33:58,410
+you see, he's taking a decision. He is a dignified
+
+429
+00:33:58,410 --> 00:34:02,430
+person. And since a lady is like,
+
+430
+00:34:04,850 --> 00:34:09,390
+not aware of his pain and she doesn't appreciate
+
+431
+00:34:09,390 --> 00:34:15,390
+his love, he decided to leave off therefore. I
+
+432
+00:34:15,390 --> 00:34:21,170
+leave off therefore. But look at fainting I
+
+433
+00:34:21,170 --> 00:34:25,030
+follow. Here I cannot leave the poem without
+
+434
+00:34:25,030 --> 00:34:29,570
+commenting a little bit about the alliteration
+
+435
+00:34:29,570 --> 00:34:35,750
+here. Fainting I follow. Like, do you think this
+
+436
+00:34:35,750 --> 00:34:40,350
+is a very nice alliteration? Does it fit with the
+
+437
+00:34:40,350 --> 00:34:44,950
+atmosphere of somebody who is taking a decision
+
+438
+00:34:44,950 --> 00:34:47,930
+and this decision is taking, you know, why?
+
+439
+00:34:48,050 --> 00:34:51,570
+Because he's bored, he's not interested. Fainting,
+
+440
+00:34:51,850 --> 00:34:56,190
+I fall. The if sound here, the repetition of the
+
+441
+00:34:56,190 --> 00:35:01,450
+if sound shows what? His suffering, his disgust,
+
+442
+00:35:02,030 --> 00:35:07,490
+fainting, I follow and I leave. Therefore, look at
+
+443
+00:35:07,490 --> 00:35:11,070
+that. You know, these consonants are very strong.
+
+444
+00:35:11,650 --> 00:35:14,930
+And again, these consonants have to do with his
+
+445
+00:35:14,930 --> 00:35:20,170
+decision to quit, with his decision to leave.
+
+446
+00:35:21,550 --> 00:35:27,230
+Since in a net, I seek to hold the money. Wow. I
+
+447
+00:35:27,230 --> 00:35:31,230
+think this is self-explanatory. What a very
+
+448
+00:35:31,230 --> 00:35:34,850
+frustrating image, isn't it? Like if somebody is
+
+449
+00:35:34,850 --> 00:35:39,550
+trying to hold the wind in a net. How do you
+
+450
+00:35:39,550 --> 00:35:43,590
+describe this effort? If somebody is trying to
+
+451
+00:35:43,590 --> 00:35:43,890
+hold.
+
+452
+00:35:47,050 --> 00:35:51,050
+It's a waste of time. Very disappointing. Very
+
+453
+00:35:51,050 --> 00:35:53,690
+disappointing experience. Like somebody who is
+
+454
+00:35:53,690 --> 00:35:58,500
+trying to hold the wind. What? In a net. So do you
+
+455
+00:35:58,500 --> 00:36:03,780
+think it will be held? No. Okay. Since in a net, I
+
+456
+00:36:03,780 --> 00:36:10,240
+seek to hold the wind. It's impossible. Who's next
+
+457
+00:36:10,240 --> 00:36:16,180
+to hunt? I put, you know, him out of doubt. This
+
+458
+00:36:16,180 --> 00:36:20,600
+is the beginning of the system, the second part of
+
+459
+00:36:20,600 --> 00:36:26,460
+the poem. I put him out of a doubt, like the poet
+
+460
+00:36:26,460 --> 00:36:31,880
+is in a position to advise other people. He's
+
+461
+00:36:31,880 --> 00:36:37,760
+sagacious, very wise, and he was made sagacious by
+
+462
+00:36:37,760 --> 00:36:42,240
+his own experience, as well as I may spend his
+
+463
+00:36:42,240 --> 00:36:47,220
+time in vain. So the poet's personal experience
+
+464
+00:36:47,220 --> 00:36:54,260
+made him like in a position to advise other
+
+465
+00:36:54,260 --> 00:37:00,600
+people. He is going to spend his time in vain and
+
+466
+00:37:00,600 --> 00:37:04,540
+graven with diamonds and letters plain, there is
+
+467
+00:37:04,540 --> 00:37:09,060
+written her fair neck round about. I think this
+
+468
+00:37:09,060 --> 00:37:12,860
+line has some indication about the beauty. Because
+
+469
+00:37:12,860 --> 00:37:15,040
+you know, in courtly love, yes, as you mentioned,
+
+470
+00:37:15,600 --> 00:37:17,980
+the lady should be beautiful.
+
+471
+00:37:20,530 --> 00:37:25,230
+There is written, what is written? Her fair neck
+
+472
+00:37:25,230 --> 00:37:31,230
+round about, no limi tangere. Don't touch me. You
+
+473
+00:37:31,230 --> 00:37:35,170
+know, this is like in Latin, no limi tangere for
+
+474
+00:37:35,170 --> 00:37:38,790
+Caesar's ayat. And we understand who's Caesar.
+
+475
+00:37:39,590 --> 00:37:44,010
+Who's Caesar? Henry. So we are having a poet who
+
+476
+00:37:44,010 --> 00:37:48,710
+fell in love with the king you know, potential
+
+477
+00:37:48,710 --> 00:37:53,910
+wife or potential mistress. And that, you know, is
+
+478
+00:37:53,910 --> 00:37:56,870
+like very precarious, very dangerous. And perhaps
+
+479
+00:37:56,870 --> 00:38:01,370
+you might have read that, you know, he was put in
+
+480
+00:38:01,370 --> 00:38:04,670
+prison like because of this, you know, suspected
+
+481
+00:38:04,670 --> 00:38:07,510
+relation. There was, you know, some suspicion that
+
+482
+00:38:07,510 --> 00:38:11,170
+he was in relation, but there was no concrete
+
+483
+00:38:11,170 --> 00:38:14,850
+evidence of that relation. So he was put in the
+
+484
+00:38:14,850 --> 00:38:18,740
+tower, he was in prison. And Anne Boleyn herself,
+
+485
+00:38:19,120 --> 00:38:22,560
+who became the wife, was beheaded by the king.
+
+486
+00:38:23,200 --> 00:38:26,540
+She, you know, was executed by the king. Why?
+
+487
+00:38:26,620 --> 00:38:34,640
+Because she was accused of adultery. And wild for
+
+488
+00:38:34,640 --> 00:38:38,040
+to hold though I seem tame. Yeah, it's a paradox.
+
+489
+00:38:38,680 --> 00:38:44,520
+How come you are wild and tame? You know? And this
+
+490
+00:38:44,520 --> 00:38:48,990
+paradox shows or reflects the nature, the elusive
+
+491
+00:38:48,990 --> 00:38:53,070
+nature of that lady. So she's not attainable.
+
+492
+00:38:53,670 --> 00:38:57,910
+She's very elusive. It is difficult to catch her.
+
+493
+00:38:58,630 --> 00:39:03,490
+Now, today, like this is what I want to say today.
+
+494
+00:39:04,570 --> 00:39:08,670
+We have not read the poem as, you know, what we
+
+495
+00:39:08,670 --> 00:39:12,720
+said in the last lecture. So we talked a little
+
+496
+00:39:12,720 --> 00:39:15,980
+bit about the atmosphere, the general context of
+
+497
+00:39:15,980 --> 00:39:19,540
+the poem. Next time, we have to read to delve
+
+498
+00:39:19,540 --> 00:39:25,040
+deeper into the aesthetics and to see how the poet
+
+499
+00:39:25,040 --> 00:39:29,960
+was successful or was not successful. So what you
+
+500
+00:39:29,960 --> 00:39:33,320
+have to do again is to look at the poem, to look
+
+501
+00:39:33,320 --> 00:39:37,500
+at, you know, the figures of speech, to look at
+
+502
+00:39:37,500 --> 00:39:41,340
+certain, to look at the tone, the attitude, and
+
+503
+00:39:41,340 --> 00:39:45,320
+then We are going to talk about poetry by using
+
+504
+00:39:45,320 --> 00:39:50,300
+specialized language and general language. I hope
+
+505
+00:39:50,300 --> 00:39:55,600
+that, you know, you enjoy listening. If not, like
+
+506
+00:39:55,600 --> 00:39:57,520
+you can complain. But do you have any question
+
+507
+00:39:57,520 --> 00:40:00,680
+like before? Or do you want to add anything? Yes?
+
+508
+00:40:05,170 --> 00:40:09,110
+No, the Petrarchian Sonnet. We're talking about
+
+509
+00:40:09,110 --> 00:40:12,150
+Petrarchian Sonnet. The Petrarchian Sonnet
+
+510
+00:40:12,150 --> 00:40:19,770
+consists only of two, yes, two parts. Now I think
+
+511
+00:40:19,770 --> 00:40:24,030
+I left for you in the reader something about the
+
+512
+00:40:24,030 --> 00:40:29,090
+sonnet, so you have to study like what is the
+
+513
+00:40:29,090 --> 00:40:31,490
+Petrarchian Sonnet? You can read, what is the
+
+514
+00:40:31,490 --> 00:40:34,320
+Petrarchian Sonnet? What is the Shakespearean
+
+515
+00:40:34,320 --> 00:40:38,700
+sonnet? How this sonnet was developed? And how it
+
+516
+00:40:38,700 --> 00:40:44,240
+became or it assumed like a very British form?
+
+517
+00:40:45,560 --> 00:40:50,300
+Any other question? Thank you very much and see
+
+518
+00:40:50,300 --> 00:40:55,960
+you next time for a new lecture on the same topic.
+
+519
+00:40:56,420 --> 00:40:56,800
+Thank you.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/9Xvdf8tapHA_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1720 @@
+1
+00:00:12,640 --> 00:00:18,580
+Who are you today? Good. Are you excited because
+
+2
+00:00:18,580 --> 00:00:22,060
+it's the beginning of the week? Why?
+
+3
+00:00:24,760 --> 00:00:30,240
+I know exams, midterm exams, but You should be
+
+4
+00:00:30,240 --> 00:00:35,340
+very careful. If you absent yourself because of
+
+5
+00:00:35,340 --> 00:00:38,800
+the midterm exam, you will be in trouble. I'm
+
+6
+00:00:38,800 --> 00:00:42,980
+telling you. So today, please take all the names
+
+7
+00:00:42,980 --> 00:00:47,200
+of those who are attending. See? Just pass a sheet
+
+8
+00:00:47,200 --> 00:00:51,780
+to take all the names. Because the midterms will
+
+9
+00:00:51,780 --> 00:00:55,820
+be given over more than a month. And we don't have
+
+10
+00:00:55,820 --> 00:00:59,540
+time to waste. The midterm should be given under
+
+11
+00:00:59,540 --> 00:01:04,860
+the pressure of the exams. So be careful, do not
+
+12
+00:01:04,860 --> 00:01:08,200
+absent yourself till the other people like to come
+
+13
+00:01:08,200 --> 00:01:15,040
+to class regularly. Good. So today as usual, we're
+
+14
+00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:20,920
+going to listen to one or two reports. After that,
+
+15
+00:01:21,640 --> 00:01:25,180
+we're going again to listen to a response or two.
+
+16
+00:01:26,550 --> 00:01:29,850
+And then I'll be asking you general question about
+
+17
+00:01:29,850 --> 00:01:34,490
+your response to the poem. I mean, poem 65, which
+
+18
+00:01:34,490 --> 00:01:39,590
+I asked you to prepare. After that, we'll be
+
+19
+00:01:39,590 --> 00:01:47,270
+explaining the theme and perhaps certain aesthetic
+
+20
+00:01:47,270 --> 00:01:55,780
+elements in that poem. Okay? Good. Let's see. One
+
+21
+00:01:55,780 --> 00:01:57,340
+who is willing to report.
+
+22
+00:01:59,940 --> 00:02:05,300
+Yes? Who wants to read a report? Yes, please.
+
+23
+00:02:14,960 --> 00:02:18,200
+Say good morning, how are you? You should say
+
+24
+00:02:18,200 --> 00:02:23,980
+that, yes? Not last lecture. Go ahead. Last
+
+25
+00:02:23,980 --> 00:02:27,000
+lecture, the teacher came and started his lecture
+
+26
+00:02:27,000 --> 00:02:30,860
+by asking how we are doing. Then he asked how do
+
+27
+00:02:30,860 --> 00:02:34,160
+we feel, how do we feel, how do we feel, do we
+
+28
+00:02:34,160 --> 00:02:37,580
+find poetry. Then he asked us how we find poetry
+
+29
+00:02:37,580 --> 00:02:40,810
+because this is indirect question. Okay. Some
+
+30
+00:02:40,810 --> 00:02:43,730
+students answered positively and some negatively.
+
+31
+00:02:44,310 --> 00:02:47,050
+The teacher continued his lecture by talking about
+
+32
+00:02:47,050 --> 00:02:50,630
+Shakespeare's sonnet, Shall I Compare Thee to a
+
+33
+00:02:50,630 --> 00:02:53,530
+Summer's Day. He finished it and told us to write
+
+34
+00:02:53,530 --> 00:02:58,110
+a short paragraph about the theme of the poem, and
+
+35
+00:02:58,110 --> 00:03:00,990
+it must be ready next time. Anyway, last lecture
+
+36
+00:03:00,990 --> 00:03:04,480
+was interesting. Because the poem was for
+
+37
+00:03:04,480 --> 00:03:07,640
+Shakespeare and I like all his writings such as
+
+38
+00:03:07,640 --> 00:03:11,300
+plays and poetry He's good and he's good writer
+
+39
+00:03:11,300 --> 00:03:14,080
+and skillful. I hope to have a skill like him.
+
+40
+00:03:14,140 --> 00:03:20,340
+Okay. Thank you very much Yes Yes, please come and
+
+41
+00:03:20,340 --> 00:03:29,080
+report you you yes Okay
+
+42
+00:03:29,080 --> 00:03:35,270
+Just I'll see you later What about you there?
+
+43
+00:03:37,670 --> 00:03:42,270
+Okay. So, yes, you come.
+
+44
+00:03:46,810 --> 00:03:49,690
+Those who have reports, please bring it now here.
+
+45
+00:03:50,210 --> 00:03:53,990
+Okay? Bring it now. Those who have reports, all of
+
+46
+00:03:53,990 --> 00:03:56,570
+them, bring them here. The reports for the day.
+
+47
+00:03:57,530 --> 00:04:01,910
+Okay? Bring all your reports here today.
+
+48
+00:04:05,700 --> 00:04:09,060
+Just like, yes, okay. Sit down, sit down, sit
+
+49
+00:04:09,060 --> 00:04:12,580
+down. Now, later I'll take them. It was strange
+
+50
+00:04:12,580 --> 00:04:15,420
+when Dr. Akram asked for responses, not daily
+
+51
+00:04:15,420 --> 00:04:18,480
+reports, because it was the second lecture on the
+
+52
+00:04:18,480 --> 00:04:20,880
+poem. But the responses were nice because they
+
+53
+00:04:20,880 --> 00:04:23,900
+refreshed our minds about the poem. The teacher
+
+54
+00:04:23,900 --> 00:04:26,720
+read the poem in many different ways, and he asked
+
+55
+00:04:26,720 --> 00:04:28,900
+us to choose the most suitable reading for the
+
+56
+00:04:28,900 --> 00:04:31,640
+poem. He gave us a universal discussion for the
+
+57
+00:04:31,640 --> 00:04:34,140
+poem, including the theme, attitudes, and figures
+
+58
+00:04:34,140 --> 00:04:37,440
+of speech. The laughable thing which happened with
+
+59
+00:04:37,440 --> 00:04:40,600
+me many times that when I wanted to answer, the
+
+60
+00:04:40,600 --> 00:04:42,820
+teacher's phone rang. So I need to repeat my
+
+61
+00:04:42,820 --> 00:04:45,540
+answers many times. It was nice when Dr. Akram
+
+62
+00:04:45,540 --> 00:04:48,760
+postponed the time of exam and reflection, and at
+
+63
+00:04:48,760 --> 00:04:51,940
+the end of the class, he asked for the second
+
+64
+00:04:51,940 --> 00:04:54,400
+semester for Shakespeare to be prepared. Thank
+
+65
+00:04:54,400 --> 00:04:54,580
+you.
+
+66
+00:05:00,360 --> 00:05:02,800
+You know, in the class, like everybody should be
+
+67
+00:05:02,800 --> 00:05:08,030
+punctual. You see? When I say you have to write
+
+68
+00:05:08,030 --> 00:05:11,390
+reports, you have to write. Here you are coming
+
+69
+00:05:11,390 --> 00:05:14,030
+without writing reports, without writing response,
+
+70
+00:05:14,370 --> 00:05:18,110
+so you are not entitled to having the marks for
+
+71
+00:05:18,110 --> 00:05:20,450
+these activities.
+
+72
+00:05:23,650 --> 00:05:29,050
+Anyway, let's see now. Yes, I asked you to write a
+
+73
+00:05:29,050 --> 00:05:34,820
+paragraph about the theme of the power. So let's
+
+74
+00:05:34,820 --> 00:05:41,320
+see a theme. I want to read it myself. Yes, those
+
+75
+00:05:41,320 --> 00:05:44,820
+who prepared a theme. Yes, give me your theme,
+
+76
+00:05:44,960 --> 00:05:45,180
+please.
+
+77
+00:05:50,780 --> 00:05:55,420
+Just try to read it. Okay, read it. You are the
+
+78
+00:05:55,420 --> 00:05:58,200
+same student? Okay, she's lucky.
+
+79
+00:06:01,150 --> 00:06:03,590
+It's a nice poem for Shakespeare in which he wants
+
+80
+00:06:03,590 --> 00:06:05,910
+to express the theme of immortality.
+
+81
+00:06:10,470 --> 00:06:14,330
+He wants to express the immortality of his
+
+82
+00:06:14,330 --> 00:06:16,890
+friend's beauty through immortality of his poetry.
+
+83
+00:06:17,350 --> 00:06:20,010
+And to express his theme, he uses simple language
+
+84
+00:06:20,010 --> 00:06:22,250
+unsuitable to the course of his speech. Also, he
+
+85
+00:06:22,250 --> 00:06:27,650
+chooses a logical... Allegorical. Yes. So here, I
+
+86
+00:06:27,650 --> 00:06:30,570
+asked you to talk about the theme, but you started
+
+87
+00:06:30,570 --> 00:06:35,410
+to talk about the style. Yes, but they support the
+
+88
+00:06:35,410 --> 00:06:38,350
+theme. Okay, so you want to support the theme. But
+
+89
+00:06:38,350 --> 00:06:41,250
+could you tell me what is the theme in just a
+
+90
+00:06:41,250 --> 00:06:44,650
+couple of words? Immortality of his friend's
+
+91
+00:06:44,650 --> 00:06:48,210
+beauty through his poetry, power of poetry. Okay,
+
+92
+00:06:48,610 --> 00:06:51,010
+so this is like immortality of the beauty of his
+
+93
+00:06:51,010 --> 00:06:54,730
+friend through his poetry. Now, do you buy this?
+
+94
+00:06:54,850 --> 00:06:57,190
+Do you think that Shakespeare is trying to
+
+95
+00:06:57,190 --> 00:07:00,370
+immortalize the beauty of his friend through his
+
+96
+00:07:00,370 --> 00:07:04,540
+poetry? Or does Shakespeare like mean something
+
+97
+00:07:04,540 --> 00:07:04,940
+else?
+
+98
+00:07:08,060 --> 00:07:10,040
+Don't you think that Shakespeare wants to
+
+99
+00:07:10,040 --> 00:07:13,280
+immortalize himself? Yes.
+
+100
+00:07:18,380 --> 00:07:19,020
+Yes.
+
+101
+00:07:22,620 --> 00:07:26,480
+Okay. But do you remember what the last line, how
+
+102
+00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:31,460
+the last line, so long as men can breathe, so long
+
+103
+00:07:32,770 --> 00:07:39,110
+Live this, and this gives life to thee. So, like,
+
+104
+00:07:39,350 --> 00:07:43,750
+who's bragging here? He's bragging. Shakespeare is
+
+105
+00:07:43,750 --> 00:07:47,550
+bragging. Why is he bragging? Because his poetry
+
+106
+00:07:47,550 --> 00:07:53,350
+will remain immortal. So I think this line might
+
+107
+00:07:53,350 --> 00:07:57,210
+give us a twist about the real theme, which is,
+
+108
+00:07:57,550 --> 00:08:00,150
+you know, the immortality of Shakespeare's poetry.
+
+109
+00:08:01,290 --> 00:08:05,250
+Yes, he's trying to immortalize the beauty of his
+
+110
+00:08:05,250 --> 00:08:08,490
+friend. Yes, the summer of his friend will be
+
+111
+00:08:08,490 --> 00:08:12,710
+immortal, you know, through his poetry. But, you
+
+112
+00:08:12,710 --> 00:08:16,050
+know, in the couplet of this stanza, Shakespeare
+
+113
+00:08:16,050 --> 00:08:21,410
+is stressing, is bragging that his poetry will
+
+114
+00:08:21,410 --> 00:08:27,150
+last forever. Yes, okay? Yes. Yes, biological
+
+115
+00:08:27,150 --> 00:08:30,190
+organization of standards starting by comparing
+
+116
+00:08:30,190 --> 00:08:32,910
+between his friend and the summer's day till he
+
+117
+00:08:32,910 --> 00:08:35,130
+reached to the solution in the couplet. Yes, it is
+
+118
+00:08:35,130 --> 00:08:41,550
+good here to follow how Shakespeare comes to this
+
+119
+00:08:41,550 --> 00:08:45,530
+conclusion. I like it because it's an argument. So
+
+120
+00:08:45,530 --> 00:08:48,130
+in the first quatrain, what is he saying? In the
+
+121
+00:08:48,130 --> 00:08:50,830
+second quatrain, what is he saying? In the third
+
+122
+00:08:50,830 --> 00:08:54,330
+and in the couplet, he's concluding all the
+
+123
+00:08:54,330 --> 00:08:58,050
+argument. Do you remember what he said in the
+
+124
+00:08:58,050 --> 00:09:04,470
+first quatrain? In the first quatrain, I think he
+
+125
+00:09:04,470 --> 00:09:09,890
+declined to compare.
+
+126
+00:09:10,820 --> 00:09:16,580
+Then he started to enlist the reasons why he
+
+127
+00:09:16,580 --> 00:09:21,080
+wouldn't. You know, then in the third quatrain, he
+
+128
+00:09:21,080 --> 00:09:26,560
+started to pledge, to vow that she, that the
+
+129
+00:09:26,560 --> 00:09:29,920
+beauty of his friend will be immortal. And
+
+130
+00:09:29,920 --> 00:09:34,920
+finally, in the couplet, he said, how? See? So it
+
+131
+00:09:34,920 --> 00:09:37,520
+was very organized. Good. Thank you very much.
+
+132
+00:09:43,400 --> 00:09:46,940
+I know today we are approaching two poems, but I
+
+133
+00:09:46,940 --> 00:09:49,760
+see some students like little bit surprised
+
+134
+00:09:49,760 --> 00:09:52,540
+because they thought we're not doing this poem.
+
+135
+00:09:53,760 --> 00:09:59,060
+You know? I remember I told you like to prepare
+
+136
+00:09:59,060 --> 00:10:08,620
+the next sonnet, which is 65. Okay? Now, how did
+
+137
+00:10:08,620 --> 00:10:11,880
+you find like those who prepared? How did you find
+
+138
+00:10:11,880 --> 00:10:12,420
+the sonnet?
+
+139
+00:10:15,880 --> 00:10:25,520
+yes yes please it is a kind of it makes me so
+
+140
+00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:27,740
+frightened for the idea of mortality like
+
+141
+00:10:27,740 --> 00:10:30,600
+everything is going to end yes so you were
+
+142
+00:10:30,600 --> 00:10:37,440
+frightened yeah okay good yes i find it more close
+
+143
+00:10:37,440 --> 00:10:40,720
+to the last sunnah and if you want to assure in
+
+144
+00:10:40,720 --> 00:10:44,690
+power surround that he would be immortal by his
+
+145
+00:10:44,690 --> 00:10:47,670
+poetry. So I like the way you are connecting
+
+146
+00:10:47,670 --> 00:10:52,550
+between sonnet 18 and sonnet 65. Yes?
+
+147
+00:10:59,090 --> 00:11:05,310
+Okay, have you read the poem aloud? Have you read
+
+148
+00:11:05,310 --> 00:11:08,030
+the poem aloud? How was it like?
+
+149
+00:11:11,340 --> 00:11:12,040
+Too sad.
+
+150
+00:11:15,480 --> 00:11:16,300
+Okay,
+
+151
+00:11:18,540 --> 00:11:22,540
+I like it. The poet seems to be frustrated because
+
+152
+00:11:22,540 --> 00:11:23,200
+of?
+
+153
+00:11:26,640 --> 00:11:29,420
+Excellent. But did he remain frustrated?
+
+154
+00:11:37,880 --> 00:11:40,480
+Do you agree with her that the whole atmosphere of
+
+155
+00:11:40,480 --> 00:11:44,200
+the poem is gloomy? Okay.
+
+156
+00:11:48,060 --> 00:11:54,360
+What about this? Oh none, unless this Merkel have
+
+157
+00:11:54,360 --> 00:11:59,100
+might, that in blank ink my love may still shine
+
+158
+00:11:59,100 --> 00:12:02,920
+bright. What about this? You know? What about
+
+159
+00:12:02,920 --> 00:12:10,250
+this? Is he still? Yes? So it's okay, yeah, the
+
+160
+00:12:10,250 --> 00:12:13,870
+atmosphere of the poem is frightening, but you
+
+161
+00:12:13,870 --> 00:12:19,490
+know, the poem ends in a hopeful note. Yes?
+
+162
+00:12:25,390 --> 00:12:29,110
+So he's,
+
+163
+00:12:30,090 --> 00:12:32,390
+it is a recurrent theme, you know? It is the same
+
+164
+00:12:32,390 --> 00:12:33,330
+theme, you know?
+
+165
+00:12:40,060 --> 00:12:40,880
+Okay,
+
+166
+00:12:49,600 --> 00:12:53,760
+so it is, you know, a repeated theme, but the
+
+167
+00:12:53,760 --> 00:12:56,940
+question is Shakespeare repeating himself, you
+
+168
+00:12:56,940 --> 00:13:01,060
+know? Now, if yes, is he repeating in the same
+
+169
+00:13:01,060 --> 00:13:04,980
+form? Because sometimes you might say or you might
+
+170
+00:13:04,980 --> 00:13:09,280
+express the same idea by different ways. So if
+
+171
+00:13:09,280 --> 00:13:11,580
+Shakespeare is expressing his idea in the same
+
+172
+00:13:11,580 --> 00:13:15,120
+way, so he's boring and he's not worthy reading.
+
+173
+00:13:15,860 --> 00:13:19,680
+So I think it is a different image. But let's, you
+
+174
+00:13:19,680 --> 00:13:22,240
+know, I want, like, to read the poem aloud for
+
+175
+00:13:22,240 --> 00:13:25,740
+you. And after that, I'll be, like, giving you a
+
+176
+00:13:25,740 --> 00:13:32,880
+task. This task is just to try to categorize the
+
+177
+00:13:32,880 --> 00:13:38,560
+forces, I mean, all the forces that have to do
+
+178
+00:13:38,560 --> 00:13:40,520
+with the power or the elements that have to do
+
+179
+00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:44,740
+with power, and all the elements that have to do
+
+180
+00:13:44,740 --> 00:13:48,560
+with weakness. So we have strong elements and weak
+
+181
+00:13:48,560 --> 00:13:53,060
+elements. So I want you to enlist and to see what
+
+182
+00:13:53,060 --> 00:13:56,980
+is like feeble, what is weak, what is fragile, and
+
+183
+00:13:56,980 --> 00:14:00,120
+then what is strong, what is impregnant. Okay?
+
+184
+00:14:07,560 --> 00:14:14,660
+Since brass nor stone nor earth nor boundless sea,
+
+185
+00:14:16,120 --> 00:14:21,520
+but sad mortality oversways their power. How with
+
+186
+00:14:21,520 --> 00:14:26,360
+this rage shall a beauty hold a plea whose action
+
+187
+00:14:26,360 --> 00:14:31,460
+is no stronger than a flower? Or how shall
+
+188
+00:14:31,460 --> 00:14:35,780
+someone's honey breath hold out against the
+
+189
+00:14:35,780 --> 00:14:39,820
+reckful siege of battering days when rocks
+
+190
+00:14:39,820 --> 00:14:44,760
+impregnable are not so stout nor gates of steel so
+
+191
+00:14:44,760 --> 00:14:50,820
+strong but time decays oh fearful meditation oh
+
+192
+00:14:50,820 --> 00:14:54,660
+fearful meditation where alack shall times best
+
+193
+00:14:54,660 --> 00:14:59,640
+jewel from times just lighted Or what strong hand?
+
+194
+00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:03,540
+Or what strong hand can hold his swift foot back?
+
+195
+00:15:04,020 --> 00:15:09,300
+Or who his spool of beauty can forbid? Oh, none,
+
+196
+00:15:10,120 --> 00:15:15,500
+unless this miracle have might, that in black ink
+
+197
+00:15:15,500 --> 00:15:21,720
+my love may still shine bright. So now you have
+
+198
+00:15:21,720 --> 00:15:25,340
+the poem. You have the text. In five minutes, I
+
+199
+00:15:25,340 --> 00:15:31,660
+want you to categorize the elements of fragility,
+
+200
+00:15:32,600 --> 00:15:35,160
+feebleness, and the elements of power and
+
+201
+00:15:35,160 --> 00:15:40,200
+strength. So what is here, stone is linked with
+
+202
+00:15:40,200 --> 00:15:43,360
+brass, and so on. Just five minutes.
+
+203
+00:15:46,420 --> 00:15:46,920
+Go ahead.
+
+204
+00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:58,510
+Yes, let's see now. What you have done. Yes. What
+
+205
+00:15:58,510 --> 00:16:03,750
+are the elements of power? Yes, please. Go ahead.
+
+206
+00:16:03,950 --> 00:16:04,810
+Yes.
+
+207
+00:16:07,630 --> 00:16:09,510
+You picked out.
+
+208
+00:16:14,090 --> 00:16:17,510
+Stone. Yes. Brass.
+
+209
+00:16:25,140 --> 00:16:33,000
+Boundless seas. Rage. Rage, okay, rage. So you
+
+210
+00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:40,240
+have brass, stone, earth, seas. Gates of steel.
+
+211
+00:16:40,720 --> 00:16:48,680
+Gates of steel, yes. And the most powerful is the
+
+212
+00:16:48,680 --> 00:16:53,470
+sad mortality itself. Yes, yes. Okay, good. What
+
+213
+00:16:53,470 --> 00:16:58,770
+about, you know, yeah, okay, let's see somebody
+
+214
+00:16:58,770 --> 00:17:01,770
+else. Yes, please. What are the elements of
+
+215
+00:17:01,770 --> 00:17:06,330
+weakness? Yes, flour, honey, meditation.
+
+216
+00:17:11,210 --> 00:17:15,910
+These things are delicate. They are feeble or
+
+217
+00:17:15,910 --> 00:17:20,410
+frail. You know what means frail? Very, very weak.
+
+218
+00:17:21,130 --> 00:17:24,850
+Frail means weak or feeble.
+
+219
+00:17:31,410 --> 00:17:37,800
+Okay. What else? Now miracle, I think the miracle
+
+220
+00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:42,140
+has, you know, you know, strong implication. What
+
+221
+00:17:42,140 --> 00:17:51,480
+else? Beauty and jewel? No, swift. Foot. A foot,
+
+222
+00:17:51,680 --> 00:17:54,680
+when a foot is swift, it means it's very strong.
+
+223
+00:17:55,880 --> 00:17:56,260
+Plea.
+
+224
+00:17:59,640 --> 00:18:03,520
+I don't think, yes, plea, it has to do with, you
+
+225
+00:18:03,520 --> 00:18:06,940
+know, plea. Because when you are having a plea,
+
+226
+00:18:07,240 --> 00:18:12,940
+you want to defend yourself. What else? What about
+
+227
+00:18:12,940 --> 00:18:19,540
+black ink? What is ink? Yeah, I know. Is it strong
+
+228
+00:18:19,540 --> 00:18:26,380
+or weak? Weak. Now somebody says no. If you are in
+
+229
+00:18:26,380 --> 00:18:28,440
+India and you say like this, it means you agree.
+
+230
+00:18:29,610 --> 00:18:33,930
+But you disagree, yes? Yes. So why? I think it has
+
+231
+00:18:33,930 --> 00:18:37,210
+to do with the strength. It has to do with the
+
+232
+00:18:37,210 --> 00:18:43,910
+strength. Power. Okay, yeah. Like why? I have no
+
+233
+00:18:43,910 --> 00:18:49,190
+idea. So why, you know? Maybe ink is there for
+
+234
+00:18:49,190 --> 00:18:54,890
+everything. So if we are looking at ink, because
+
+235
+00:18:54,890 --> 00:18:57,370
+you know, what is going to be written in black
+
+236
+00:18:57,370 --> 00:19:01,910
+ink, it is a metonymy of his poetry, so his poetry
+
+237
+00:19:01,910 --> 00:19:08,270
+here is going to surpass all these elements. Good.
+
+238
+00:19:09,250 --> 00:19:15,210
+I think before just going through the poem, let's
+
+239
+00:19:15,210 --> 00:19:20,640
+see here what is Being perceived as a source of
+
+240
+00:19:20,640 --> 00:19:26,660
+power and strength is proven to be like what?
+
+241
+00:19:26,840 --> 00:19:31,120
+Feeble, fragile. And what is fragile, like the
+
+242
+00:19:31,120 --> 00:19:35,200
+ink, which is feeble, is going to be very strong.
+
+243
+00:19:35,500 --> 00:19:39,320
+So we have a reversal of the code, you know? We
+
+244
+00:19:39,320 --> 00:19:42,560
+have a reversal in the semantic code of the words
+
+245
+00:19:42,560 --> 00:19:46,340
+themselves. I mean, they are reversed. What is
+
+246
+00:19:46,340 --> 00:19:50,880
+strong, what appears to be strong will be weak,
+
+247
+00:19:51,180 --> 00:19:54,660
+and what appears to be weak will be strong. So
+
+248
+00:19:54,660 --> 00:20:01,260
+this is a reversal. But now I think, you know, let
+
+249
+00:20:01,260 --> 00:20:09,020
+us see what is brass, like sometimes words are
+
+250
+00:20:09,020 --> 00:20:10,600
+associated with the meaning. What is brass
+
+251
+00:20:10,600 --> 00:20:17,350
+associated with? Since brass,stone and earth nor
+
+252
+00:20:17,350 --> 00:20:20,190
+boundless sea, but sad mortality overswathes their
+
+253
+00:20:20,190 --> 00:20:22,950
+power. So here you have a confrontation.
+
+254
+00:20:24,370 --> 00:20:27,390
+Shakespeare is giving us an image of
+
+255
+00:20:27,390 --> 00:20:30,830
+confrontation, you know, between what and what.
+
+256
+00:20:32,370 --> 00:20:39,190
+Sad mortality is doing what? Sweeps the power of
+
+257
+00:20:39,190 --> 00:20:47,310
+what? Brass? Stone? And boundless sea. Okay. And
+
+258
+00:20:47,310 --> 00:20:50,110
+now it's a battle. It's like a battle, yes? Do you
+
+259
+00:20:50,110 --> 00:20:58,150
+imagine how sad mortality is like very violent and
+
+260
+00:20:58,150 --> 00:21:02,690
+is doing what? Destroys everything. Since brass,
+
+261
+00:21:03,270 --> 00:21:07,930
+nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea, but sad
+
+262
+00:21:07,930 --> 00:21:11,650
+mortality oversways their power. So who's the
+
+263
+00:21:11,650 --> 00:21:12,370
+strongest here?
+
+264
+00:21:15,240 --> 00:21:17,340
+Yes, sad mortality. What is sad mortality? A
+
+265
+00:21:17,340 --> 00:21:22,320
+metonymy of? Death. Wow. So death is very
+
+266
+00:21:22,320 --> 00:21:26,000
+powerful. Death, which was bragging in the
+
+267
+00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:31,820
+previous stanza, is still now, you know, seen as a
+
+268
+00:21:31,820 --> 00:21:36,300
+very ruthless power which oversways everything,
+
+269
+00:21:36,720 --> 00:21:41,500
+like stones, brass, you know, earth, et cetera.
+
+270
+00:21:41,860 --> 00:21:46,310
+But let me go back to my question. The words brass
+
+271
+00:21:46,310 --> 00:21:49,030
+and stone are always associated with what?
+
+272
+00:21:50,830 --> 00:22:02,930
+Buildings? Buildings? Power? Why power? We use
+
+273
+00:22:02,930 --> 00:22:06,550
+metals. And sometimes like, do you know the Statue
+
+274
+00:22:06,550 --> 00:22:09,990
+of Liberty? What are statues? If you have been to
+
+275
+00:22:09,990 --> 00:22:13,910
+Cairo, you will see many statues. The statues are
+
+276
+00:22:13,910 --> 00:22:18,950
+made of what? Either brass, steel, copper, you
+
+277
+00:22:18,950 --> 00:22:24,090
+know, or stone. So because those things, I mean
+
+278
+00:22:24,090 --> 00:22:29,850
+brass, stone, were used in making up statues. So
+
+279
+00:22:29,850 --> 00:22:32,790
+they are linked with the idea of immortality. So
+
+280
+00:22:32,790 --> 00:22:39,690
+people have been using these elements in building
+
+281
+00:22:39,690 --> 00:22:44,850
+statues in order to defy Did you see the statue of
+
+282
+00:22:44,850 --> 00:22:48,610
+Gaddafi? Did you see his head, which was made of
+
+283
+00:22:48,610 --> 00:22:58,090
+gold? Yeah. So Gaddafi thought that this statue
+
+284
+00:22:58,090 --> 00:23:05,080
+will immortalize him. But he was mistaken. because
+
+285
+00:23:05,080 --> 00:23:09,260
+death was more powerful. So Shakespeare realized
+
+286
+00:23:09,260 --> 00:23:13,360
+that death was more powerful than all those
+
+287
+00:23:13,360 --> 00:23:19,460
+elements, since brass nor stone, like it is, you
+
+288
+00:23:19,460 --> 00:23:22,980
+know, an assumption. Shakespeare assumes that all
+
+289
+00:23:22,980 --> 00:23:27,780
+these powerful things will be weak, feeble, you
+
+290
+00:23:27,780 --> 00:23:33,600
+know, in the face of sad mortality. And then, how
+
+291
+00:23:33,600 --> 00:23:37,240
+with this rage shall beauty hold a plea? So
+
+292
+00:23:37,240 --> 00:23:41,780
+Shakespeare is asking a question. This poem is
+
+293
+00:23:41,780 --> 00:23:46,120
+full of rhetorical questions. You know what I
+
+294
+00:23:46,120 --> 00:23:49,420
+mean? Rhetorical questions. Questions that do not
+
+295
+00:23:49,420 --> 00:23:52,660
+need answers.
+
+296
+00:23:52,960 --> 00:23:55,400
+How many questions do we have? I want you to look
+
+297
+00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:58,040
+at the poem and tell me how many questions do we
+
+298
+00:23:58,040 --> 00:23:59,880
+have. Look here.
+
+299
+00:24:03,060 --> 00:24:10,260
+How with this rage? Five equations. Or how? Let's
+
+300
+00:24:10,260 --> 00:24:12,740
+see one. How with this rage shall beauty hold a
+
+301
+00:24:12,740 --> 00:24:13,660
+plea? One.
+
+302
+00:24:16,780 --> 00:24:19,140
+Whose action is no stronger than a flower?
+
+303
+00:24:21,900 --> 00:24:27,610
+Or how shall summer's honey breath hold out? Okay?
+
+304
+00:24:29,430 --> 00:24:30,070
+You know?
+
+305
+00:24:33,370 --> 00:24:38,650
+No, no, no. It's like here, look here. Yes, we
+
+306
+00:24:38,650 --> 00:24:41,990
+have five questions. This is the first question.
+
+307
+00:24:42,590 --> 00:24:45,870
+How with this trade shall beauty hold a plea? This
+
+308
+00:24:45,870 --> 00:24:50,290
+is whose action is relatively close. It is not a
+
+309
+00:24:50,290 --> 00:24:53,970
+question. This is question number two. How shall
+
+310
+00:24:53,970 --> 00:24:57,920
+summer's honey breath hold out? Against the
+
+311
+00:24:57,920 --> 00:25:00,180
+reckful siege of battering day, these are not
+
+312
+00:25:00,180 --> 00:25:03,220
+questions, where rocks impregnable are not stouts
+
+313
+00:25:03,220 --> 00:25:08,060
+nor gates of steel so strong, but time decays. O
+
+314
+00:25:08,060 --> 00:25:11,240
+fearful meditation, what a lack! This is like the
+
+315
+00:25:11,240 --> 00:25:14,600
+third question. Shall time's best jewel from
+
+316
+00:25:14,600 --> 00:25:18,400
+time's chest lie head? Or what strong hand? Like
+
+317
+00:25:18,400 --> 00:25:21,980
+the fourth question. Or who? The fifth question.
+
+318
+00:25:22,340 --> 00:25:27,620
+So we have five rhetorical questions. So these
+
+319
+00:25:27,620 --> 00:25:31,620
+questions like, what is he asking in these
+
+320
+00:25:31,620 --> 00:25:35,780
+questions? In these questions, like these
+
+321
+00:25:35,780 --> 00:25:38,140
+questions, he's asking them, yes?
+
+322
+00:25:41,020 --> 00:25:50,620
+So he was wondering about the power, about, you
+
+323
+00:25:50,620 --> 00:25:56,150
+know, the powerful thing that would deter the
+
+324
+00:25:56,150 --> 00:25:59,910
+ravages of death. You know what's with deter? Like
+
+325
+00:25:59,910 --> 00:26:11,450
+repulse. You know? To deter. So he
+
+326
+00:26:11,450 --> 00:26:15,170
+was looking all the time. He was asking. Now this
+
+327
+00:26:15,170 --> 00:26:19,230
+poem, because you know Shakespeare was a
+
+328
+00:26:19,230 --> 00:26:23,450
+playwright. He was writing for plays. So this
+
+329
+00:26:23,450 --> 00:26:29,610
+poem, It should be read aloud because it is very
+
+330
+00:26:29,610 --> 00:26:34,190
+effective because of the rhetorical question. So
+
+331
+00:26:34,190 --> 00:26:41,790
+if you read it on the stage, it should sound like
+
+332
+00:26:41,790 --> 00:26:45,410
+somebody who's, you know, there is drama in it.
+
+333
+00:26:45,670 --> 00:26:49,210
+There is drama in it. So let's listen to the poem
+
+334
+00:26:49,210 --> 00:26:51,530
+read
+
+335
+00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:57,200
+by or recited by a native speaker and see how it's
+
+336
+00:26:57,200 --> 00:26:57,980
+going to be like.
+
+337
+00:27:03,000 --> 00:27:04,920
+Summit 65.
+
+338
+00:27:07,700 --> 00:27:12,520
+With brass, no stone, no earth, no boundless sea,
+
+339
+00:27:13,000 --> 00:27:17,680
+that sad mortality outweighs their power. How with
+
+340
+00:27:17,680 --> 00:27:22,360
+this rage shall beauty hold a plea? Whose action
+
+341
+00:27:22,360 --> 00:27:26,780
+is there stronger than a flower? O, how shall
+
+342
+00:27:26,780 --> 00:27:29,280
+summer's honeyed breath hold out Against the
+
+343
+00:27:29,280 --> 00:27:33,000
+workful siege of battering days, When locks
+
+344
+00:27:33,000 --> 00:27:36,960
+impregnable are not so stout, Nor gates of steel
+
+345
+00:27:36,960 --> 00:27:40,760
+so strong, but time decays?
+
+346
+00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:48,100
+O fearful meditation! Where on heck shall time's
+
+347
+00:27:48,100 --> 00:27:52,210
+best jewel From time's chest lie hid? Oh, what
+
+348
+00:27:52,210 --> 00:27:56,230
+strong hand can hold his swift foot back? Oh,
+
+349
+00:27:56,310 --> 00:28:01,350
+cruelly spoiled beauty can forbid? Oh, none,
+
+350
+00:28:02,410 --> 00:28:07,910
+unless this miracle have might, that in black ink
+
+351
+00:28:07,910 --> 00:28:14,590
+my love may still shine bright. Wow. So I think,
+
+352
+00:28:14,650 --> 00:28:17,010
+you know, as you see Shakespeare is very
+
+353
+00:28:17,010 --> 00:28:21,320
+confident. So Shakespeare is very confident that
+
+354
+00:28:21,320 --> 00:28:31,400
+his poetry will be immortal. Yes. If you want, you
+
+355
+00:28:31,400 --> 00:28:34,960
+can recite it better than the native speaker. You
+
+356
+00:28:34,960 --> 00:28:42,920
+can. But as you see, Shakespeare lived
+
+357
+00:28:42,920 --> 00:28:47,000
+the dilemma. There was a dilemma. You know what's
+
+358
+00:28:47,000 --> 00:28:50,240
+been the dilemma? Like death. The dilemma was like
+
+359
+00:28:50,240 --> 00:28:56,020
+death was leaving nothing. But what is interesting
+
+360
+00:28:56,020 --> 00:29:01,360
+here, look at each stanza, what he's doing. In the
+
+361
+00:29:01,360 --> 00:29:07,040
+first stanza, summer's
+
+362
+00:29:07,040 --> 00:29:13,580
+honey or the beauty of his friend is seen in the
+
+363
+00:29:13,580 --> 00:29:18,070
+face of time like what? Like, how shall summer's
+
+364
+00:29:18,070 --> 00:29:20,970
+honey, which is a metonymy of the beauty of his
+
+365
+00:29:20,970 --> 00:29:29,090
+friend, you know, hold out against what? Against,
+
+366
+00:29:29,270 --> 00:29:32,630
+sorry, let's go to the poem. The first, I mean.
+
+367
+00:29:33,590 --> 00:29:39,350
+Here, sad mortality, you know, and the beauty of
+
+368
+00:29:39,350 --> 00:29:42,950
+his friend. How with a straight shall beauty hold
+
+369
+00:29:42,950 --> 00:29:46,070
+a plea, whose action is no stronger than a flower?
+
+370
+00:29:46,490 --> 00:29:51,390
+So the beauty of his friend is like what? A
+
+371
+00:29:51,390 --> 00:29:55,790
+defendant, a helpless defendant in the court,
+
+372
+00:29:56,470 --> 00:30:05,730
+who's trying to justify, to explain. But as you
+
+373
+00:30:05,730 --> 00:30:09,110
+see, it can do nothing. How with a straight shall
+
+374
+00:30:09,110 --> 00:30:13,780
+beauty hold a plea? defend itself. So it's a court
+
+375
+00:30:13,780 --> 00:30:19,860
+scene where the defendant is very weak and the
+
+376
+00:30:19,860 --> 00:30:26,580
+defendant is trying to defend itself. Then, again,
+
+377
+00:30:27,800 --> 00:30:32,860
+the image or the same idea is repeated but in a
+
+378
+00:30:32,860 --> 00:30:38,040
+different image. The image Or, how shall someone's
+
+379
+00:30:38,040 --> 00:30:41,740
+honey breath hold out against the wrickful siege
+
+380
+00:30:41,740 --> 00:30:46,320
+of battering days? Here, I think all of us know
+
+381
+00:30:46,320 --> 00:30:49,600
+what siege means. You know siege? Or should I
+
+382
+00:30:49,600 --> 00:30:55,470
+explain it? So, is siege tough? We, like
+
+383
+00:30:55,470 --> 00:30:58,850
+Palestinians, know what is the siege, how the
+
+384
+00:30:58,850 --> 00:31:05,110
+siege is tough. We've been living in siege or
+
+385
+00:31:05,110 --> 00:31:10,750
+under the siege for almost five years. It was very
+
+386
+00:31:10,750 --> 00:31:16,430
+unjust siege. And you see, the siege means you
+
+387
+00:31:16,430 --> 00:31:19,770
+cannot go anywhere. You cannot go anywhere. But
+
+388
+00:31:19,770 --> 00:31:22,770
+here, if you just look at this image, the siege,
+
+389
+00:31:24,920 --> 00:31:29,500
+And here, Samarzani, or the beauty of Samarzani is
+
+390
+00:31:29,500 --> 00:31:35,680
+here. Like a man, imagine, and it is not only a
+
+391
+00:31:35,680 --> 00:31:38,540
+siege, but there are, you know, some guards who
+
+392
+00:31:38,540 --> 00:31:44,780
+are, there are some soldiers who are imposing this
+
+393
+00:31:44,780 --> 00:31:47,800
+siege. Who are these soldiers? And what they are
+
+394
+00:31:47,800 --> 00:31:52,720
+carrying? If you look, they are soldiers who are
+
+395
+00:31:52,720 --> 00:31:57,170
+carrying They are battering days, you know,
+
+396
+00:31:58,510 --> 00:32:03,110
+against the requisite of battering days. So the
+
+397
+00:32:03,110 --> 00:32:07,150
+days, the days of time, of course, are like
+
+398
+00:32:07,150 --> 00:32:14,990
+soldiers who are holding what? Big hammers, very
+
+399
+00:32:14,990 --> 00:32:20,390
+huge hammers. You know, imagine like you'll go
+
+400
+00:32:20,390 --> 00:32:25,670
+crazy. This is like very frightening. My God, what
+
+401
+00:32:25,670 --> 00:32:32,030
+about this fragile? What will it do? Nothing. And
+
+402
+00:32:32,030 --> 00:32:38,790
+then, you know, again,
+
+403
+00:32:38,890 --> 00:32:40,590
+you know, the same thing.
+
+404
+00:32:43,850 --> 00:32:50,390
+Time is seen like a very powerful Giant with a big
+
+405
+00:32:50,390 --> 00:32:53,590
+head, you know, with a huge thought which is
+
+406
+00:32:53,590 --> 00:32:58,690
+kicking, you know, like, you know, the beauty of
+
+407
+00:32:58,690 --> 00:33:02,610
+his friend. So don't you think these meditations
+
+408
+00:33:02,610 --> 00:33:07,530
+were frightening meditations? So here he says, oh,
+
+409
+00:33:07,610 --> 00:33:13,970
+for fearful meditation, where I lack. I think it's
+
+410
+00:33:13,970 --> 00:33:17,270
+a very frightening thing. But Shakespeare
+
+411
+00:33:17,270 --> 00:33:25,490
+succeeded in overcoming this by saying, oh none.
+
+412
+00:33:26,450 --> 00:33:30,450
+So in all these things, he was looking for a power
+
+413
+00:33:30,450 --> 00:33:35,550
+which would deter. Oh none, unless this miracle
+
+414
+00:33:35,550 --> 00:33:42,250
+have might. Might? What's mean might? Power. We
+
+415
+00:33:42,250 --> 00:33:46,270
+say in the name of Allah Almighty, Mighty Power.
+
+416
+00:33:48,010 --> 00:33:50,830
+You see, might here means power. Oh none unless
+
+417
+00:33:50,830 --> 00:33:55,950
+this miracle have might that in a black ink my
+
+418
+00:33:55,950 --> 00:34:00,810
+love may still shine bright. My love. the memory
+
+419
+00:34:00,810 --> 00:34:05,930
+of my friend. But Shakespeare, I think, means more
+
+420
+00:34:05,930 --> 00:34:08,730
+than the memory, more than the beauty of his
+
+421
+00:34:08,730 --> 00:34:11,510
+friend. Shakespeare was a great writer who wanted
+
+422
+00:34:11,510 --> 00:34:16,270
+to immortalize his himself through his poetry. I
+
+423
+00:34:16,270 --> 00:34:18,890
+think, you know, we know we touched the theme, but
+
+424
+00:34:18,890 --> 00:34:22,530
+it seems like we have to go deeper into the
+
+425
+00:34:22,530 --> 00:34:25,230
+aesthetics. And this is what we are going to do
+
+426
+00:34:25,230 --> 00:34:29,610
+next time. I want you to prepare it very well. I
+
+427
+00:34:29,610 --> 00:34:33,230
+mean, to look into the aesthetics and try to link
+
+428
+00:34:33,230 --> 00:34:35,930
+between the specialized language and the common
+
+429
+00:34:35,930 --> 00:34:38,590
+language. Okay? Thank you very much for listening
+
+430
+00:34:38,590 --> 00:34:39,630
+and see you next time.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/9Xvdf8tapHA_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1720 @@
+1
+00:00:12,640 --> 00:00:18,580
+Who are you today? Good. Are you excited because
+
+2
+00:00:18,580 --> 00:00:22,060
+it's the beginning of the week? Why?
+
+3
+00:00:24,760 --> 00:00:30,240
+I know exams, midterm exams, but You should be
+
+4
+00:00:30,240 --> 00:00:35,340
+very careful. If you absent yourself because of
+
+5
+00:00:35,340 --> 00:00:38,800
+the midterm exam, you will be in trouble. I'm
+
+6
+00:00:38,800 --> 00:00:42,980
+telling you. So today, please take all the names
+
+7
+00:00:42,980 --> 00:00:47,200
+of those who are attending. See? Just pass a sheet
+
+8
+00:00:47,200 --> 00:00:51,780
+to take all the names. Because the midterms will
+
+9
+00:00:51,780 --> 00:00:55,820
+be given over more than a month. And we don't have
+
+10
+00:00:55,820 --> 00:00:59,540
+time to waste. The midterm should be given under
+
+11
+00:00:59,540 --> 00:01:04,860
+the pressure of the exams. So be careful, do not
+
+12
+00:01:04,860 --> 00:01:08,200
+absent yourself till the other people like to come
+
+13
+00:01:08,200 --> 00:01:15,040
+to class regularly. Good. So today as usual, we're
+
+14
+00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:20,920
+going to listen to one or two reports. After that,
+
+15
+00:01:21,640 --> 00:01:25,180
+we're going again to listen to a response or two.
+
+16
+00:01:26,550 --> 00:01:29,850
+And then I'll be asking you general question about
+
+17
+00:01:29,850 --> 00:01:34,490
+your response to the poem. I mean, poem 65, which
+
+18
+00:01:34,490 --> 00:01:39,590
+I asked you to prepare. After that, we'll be
+
+19
+00:01:39,590 --> 00:01:47,270
+explaining the theme and perhaps certain aesthetic
+
+20
+00:01:47,270 --> 00:01:55,780
+elements in that poem. Okay? Good. Let's see. One
+
+21
+00:01:55,780 --> 00:01:57,340
+who is willing to report.
+
+22
+00:01:59,940 --> 00:02:05,300
+Yes? Who wants to read a report? Yes, please.
+
+23
+00:02:14,960 --> 00:02:18,200
+Say good morning, how are you? You should say
+
+24
+00:02:18,200 --> 00:02:23,980
+that, yes? Not last lecture. Go ahead. Last
+
+25
+00:02:23,980 --> 00:02:27,000
+lecture, the teacher came and started his lecture
+
+26
+00:02:27,000 --> 00:02:30,860
+by asking how we are doing. Then he asked how do
+
+27
+00:02:30,860 --> 00:02:34,160
+we feel, how do we feel, how do we feel, do we
+
+28
+00:02:34,160 --> 00:02:37,580
+find poetry. Then he asked us how we find poetry
+
+29
+00:02:37,580 --> 00:02:40,810
+because this is indirect question. Okay. Some
+
+30
+00:02:40,810 --> 00:02:43,730
+students answered positively and some negatively.
+
+31
+00:02:44,310 --> 00:02:47,050
+The teacher continued his lecture by talking about
+
+32
+00:02:47,050 --> 00:02:50,630
+Shakespeare's sonnet, Shall I Compare Thee to a
+
+33
+00:02:50,630 --> 00:02:53,530
+Summer's Day. He finished it and told us to write
+
+34
+00:02:53,530 --> 00:02:58,110
+a short paragraph about the theme of the poem, and
+
+35
+00:02:58,110 --> 00:03:00,990
+it must be ready next time. Anyway, last lecture
+
+36
+00:03:00,990 --> 00:03:04,480
+was interesting. Because the poem was for
+
+37
+00:03:04,480 --> 00:03:07,640
+Shakespeare and I like all his writings such as
+
+38
+00:03:07,640 --> 00:03:11,300
+plays and poetry He's good and he's good writer
+
+39
+00:03:11,300 --> 00:03:14,080
+and skillful. I hope to have a skill like him.
+
+40
+00:03:14,140 --> 00:03:20,340
+Okay. Thank you very much Yes Yes, please come and
+
+41
+00:03:20,340 --> 00:03:29,080
+report you you yes Okay
+
+42
+00:03:29,080 --> 00:03:35,270
+Just I'll see you later What about you there?
+
+43
+00:03:37,670 --> 00:03:42,270
+Okay. So, yes, you come.
+
+44
+00:03:46,810 --> 00:03:49,690
+Those who have reports, please bring it now here.
+
+45
+00:03:50,210 --> 00:03:53,990
+Okay? Bring it now. Those who have reports, all of
+
+46
+00:03:53,990 --> 00:03:56,570
+them, bring them here. The reports for the day.
+
+47
+00:03:57,530 --> 00:04:01,910
+Okay? Bring all your reports here today.
+
+48
+00:04:05,700 --> 00:04:09,060
+Just like, yes, okay. Sit down, sit down, sit
+
+49
+00:04:09,060 --> 00:04:12,580
+down. Now, later I'll take them. It was strange
+
+50
+00:04:12,580 --> 00:04:15,420
+when Dr. Akram asked for responses, not daily
+
+51
+00:04:15,420 --> 00:04:18,480
+reports, because it was the second lecture on the
+
+52
+00:04:18,480 --> 00:04:20,880
+poem. But the responses were nice because they
+
+53
+00:04:20,880 --> 00:04:23,900
+refreshed our minds about the poem. The teacher
+
+54
+00:04:23,900 --> 00:04:26,720
+read the poem in many different ways, and he asked
+
+55
+00:04:26,720 --> 00:04:28,900
+us to choose the most suitable reading for the
+
+56
+00:04:28,900 --> 00:04:31,640
+poem. He gave us a universal discussion for the
+
+57
+00:04:31,640 --> 00:04:34,140
+poem, including the theme, attitudes, and figures
+
+58
+00:04:34,140 --> 00:04:37,440
+of speech. The laughable thing which happened with
+
+59
+00:04:37,440 --> 00:04:40,600
+me many times that when I wanted to answer, the
+
+60
+00:04:40,600 --> 00:04:42,820
+teacher's phone rang. So I need to repeat my
+
+61
+00:04:42,820 --> 00:04:45,540
+answers many times. It was nice when Dr. Akram
+
+62
+00:04:45,540 --> 00:04:48,760
+postponed the time of exam and reflection, and at
+
+63
+00:04:48,760 --> 00:04:51,940
+the end of the class, he asked for the second
+
+64
+00:04:51,940 --> 00:04:54,400
+semester for Shakespeare to be prepared. Thank
+
+65
+00:04:54,400 --> 00:04:54,580
+you.
+
+66
+00:05:00,360 --> 00:05:02,800
+You know, in the class, like everybody should be
+
+67
+00:05:02,800 --> 00:05:08,030
+punctual. You see? When I say you have to write
+
+68
+00:05:08,030 --> 00:05:11,390
+reports, you have to write. Here you are coming
+
+69
+00:05:11,390 --> 00:05:14,030
+without writing reports, without writing response,
+
+70
+00:05:14,370 --> 00:05:18,110
+so you are not entitled to having the marks for
+
+71
+00:05:18,110 --> 00:05:20,450
+these activities.
+
+72
+00:05:23,650 --> 00:05:29,050
+Anyway, let's see now. Yes, I asked you to write a
+
+73
+00:05:29,050 --> 00:05:34,820
+paragraph about the theme of the power. So let's
+
+74
+00:05:34,820 --> 00:05:41,320
+see a theme. I want to read it myself. Yes, those
+
+75
+00:05:41,320 --> 00:05:44,820
+who prepared a theme. Yes, give me your theme,
+
+76
+00:05:44,960 --> 00:05:45,180
+please.
+
+77
+00:05:50,780 --> 00:05:55,420
+Just try to read it. Okay, read it. You are the
+
+78
+00:05:55,420 --> 00:05:58,200
+same student? Okay, she's lucky.
+
+79
+00:06:01,150 --> 00:06:03,590
+It's a nice poem for Shakespeare in which he wants
+
+80
+00:06:03,590 --> 00:06:05,910
+to express the theme of immortality.
+
+81
+00:06:10,470 --> 00:06:14,330
+He wants to express the immortality of his
+
+82
+00:06:14,330 --> 00:06:16,890
+friend's beauty through immortality of his poetry.
+
+83
+00:06:17,350 --> 00:06:20,010
+And to express his theme, he uses simple language
+
+84
+00:06:20,010 --> 00:06:22,250
+unsuitable to the course of his speech. Also, he
+
+85
+00:06:22,250 --> 00:06:27,650
+chooses a logical... Allegorical. Yes. So here, I
+
+86
+00:06:27,650 --> 00:06:30,570
+asked you to talk about the theme, but you started
+
+87
+00:06:30,570 --> 00:06:35,410
+to talk about the style. Yes, but they support the
+
+88
+00:06:35,410 --> 00:06:38,350
+theme. Okay, so you want to support the theme. But
+
+89
+00:06:38,350 --> 00:06:41,250
+could you tell me what is the theme in just a
+
+90
+00:06:41,250 --> 00:06:44,650
+couple of words? Immortality of his friend's
+
+91
+00:06:44,650 --> 00:06:48,210
+beauty through his poetry, power of poetry. Okay,
+
+92
+00:06:48,610 --> 00:06:51,010
+so this is like immortality of the beauty of his
+
+93
+00:06:51,010 --> 00:06:54,730
+friend through his poetry. Now, do you buy this?
+
+94
+00:06:54,850 --> 00:06:57,190
+Do you think that Shakespeare is trying to
+
+95
+00:06:57,190 --> 00:07:00,370
+immortalize the beauty of his friend through his
+
+96
+00:07:00,370 --> 00:07:04,540
+poetry? Or does Shakespeare like mean something
+
+97
+00:07:04,540 --> 00:07:04,940
+else?
+
+98
+00:07:08,060 --> 00:07:10,040
+Don't you think that Shakespeare wants to
+
+99
+00:07:10,040 --> 00:07:13,280
+immortalize himself? Yes.
+
+100
+00:07:18,380 --> 00:07:19,020
+Yes.
+
+101
+00:07:22,620 --> 00:07:26,480
+Okay. But do you remember what the last line, how
+
+102
+00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:31,460
+the last line, so long as men can breathe, so long
+
+103
+00:07:32,770 --> 00:07:39,110
+Live this, and this gives life to thee. So, like,
+
+104
+00:07:39,350 --> 00:07:43,750
+who's bragging here? He's bragging. Shakespeare is
+
+105
+00:07:43,750 --> 00:07:47,550
+bragging. Why is he bragging? Because his poetry
+
+106
+00:07:47,550 --> 00:07:53,350
+will remain immortal. So I think this line might
+
+107
+00:07:53,350 --> 00:07:57,210
+give us a twist about the real theme, which is,
+
+108
+00:07:57,550 --> 00:08:00,150
+you know, the immortality of Shakespeare's poetry.
+
+109
+00:08:01,290 --> 00:08:05,250
+Yes, he's trying to immortalize the beauty of his
+
+110
+00:08:05,250 --> 00:08:08,490
+friend. Yes, the summer of his friend will be
+
+111
+00:08:08,490 --> 00:08:12,710
+immortal, you know, through his poetry. But, you
+
+112
+00:08:12,710 --> 00:08:16,050
+know, in the couplet of this stanza, Shakespeare
+
+113
+00:08:16,050 --> 00:08:21,410
+is stressing, is bragging that his poetry will
+
+114
+00:08:21,410 --> 00:08:27,150
+last forever. Yes, okay? Yes. Yes, biological
+
+115
+00:08:27,150 --> 00:08:30,190
+organization of standards starting by comparing
+
+116
+00:08:30,190 --> 00:08:32,910
+between his friend and the summer's day till he
+
+117
+00:08:32,910 --> 00:08:35,130
+reached to the solution in the couplet. Yes, it is
+
+118
+00:08:35,130 --> 00:08:41,550
+good here to follow how Shakespeare comes to this
+
+119
+00:08:41,550 --> 00:08:45,530
+conclusion. I like it because it's an argument. So
+
+120
+00:08:45,530 --> 00:08:48,130
+in the first quatrain, what is he saying? In the
+
+121
+00:08:48,130 --> 00:08:50,830
+second quatrain, what is he saying? In the third
+
+122
+00:08:50,830 --> 00:08:54,330
+and in the couplet, he's concluding all the
+
+123
+00:08:54,330 --> 00:08:58,050
+argument. Do you remember what he said in the
+
+124
+00:08:58,050 --> 00:09:04,470
+first quatrain? In the first quatrain, I think he
+
+125
+00:09:04,470 --> 00:09:09,890
+declined to compare.
+
+126
+00:09:10,820 --> 00:09:16,580
+Then he started to enlist the reasons why he
+
+127
+00:09:16,580 --> 00:09:21,080
+wouldn't. You know, then in the third quatrain, he
+
+128
+00:09:21,080 --> 00:09:26,560
+started to pledge, to vow that she, that the
+
+129
+00:09:26,560 --> 00:09:29,920
+beauty of his friend will be immortal. And
+
+130
+00:09:29,920 --> 00:09:34,920
+finally, in the couplet, he said, how? See? So it
+
+131
+00:09:34,920 --> 00:09:37,520
+was very organized. Good. Thank you very much.
+
+132
+00:09:43,400 --> 00:09:46,940
+I know today we are approaching two poems, but I
+
+133
+00:09:46,940 --> 00:09:49,760
+see some students like little bit surprised
+
+134
+00:09:49,760 --> 00:09:52,540
+because they thought we're not doing this poem.
+
+135
+00:09:53,760 --> 00:09:59,060
+You know? I remember I told you like to prepare
+
+136
+00:09:59,060 --> 00:10:08,620
+the next sonnet, which is 65. Okay? Now, how did
+
+137
+00:10:08,620 --> 00:10:11,880
+you find like those who prepared? How did you find
+
+138
+00:10:11,880 --> 00:10:12,420
+the sonnet?
+
+139
+00:10:15,880 --> 00:10:25,520
+yes yes please it is a kind of it makes me so
+
+140
+00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:27,740
+frightened for the idea of mortality like
+
+141
+00:10:27,740 --> 00:10:30,600
+everything is going to end yes so you were
+
+142
+00:10:30,600 --> 00:10:37,440
+frightened yeah okay good yes i find it more close
+
+143
+00:10:37,440 --> 00:10:40,720
+to the last sunnah and if you want to assure in
+
+144
+00:10:40,720 --> 00:10:44,690
+power surround that he would be immortal by his
+
+145
+00:10:44,690 --> 00:10:47,670
+poetry. So I like the way you are connecting
+
+146
+00:10:47,670 --> 00:10:52,550
+between sonnet 18 and sonnet 65. Yes?
+
+147
+00:10:59,090 --> 00:11:05,310
+Okay, have you read the poem aloud? Have you read
+
+148
+00:11:05,310 --> 00:11:08,030
+the poem aloud? How was it like?
+
+149
+00:11:11,340 --> 00:11:12,040
+Too sad.
+
+150
+00:11:15,480 --> 00:11:16,300
+Okay,
+
+151
+00:11:18,540 --> 00:11:22,540
+I like it. The poet seems to be frustrated because
+
+152
+00:11:22,540 --> 00:11:23,200
+of?
+
+153
+00:11:26,640 --> 00:11:29,420
+Excellent. But did he remain frustrated?
+
+154
+00:11:37,880 --> 00:11:40,480
+Do you agree with her that the whole atmosphere of
+
+155
+00:11:40,480 --> 00:11:44,200
+the poem is gloomy? Okay.
+
+156
+00:11:48,060 --> 00:11:54,360
+What about this? Oh none, unless this Merkel have
+
+157
+00:11:54,360 --> 00:11:59,100
+might, that in blank ink my love may still shine
+
+158
+00:11:59,100 --> 00:12:02,920
+bright. What about this? You know? What about
+
+159
+00:12:02,920 --> 00:12:10,250
+this? Is he still? Yes? So it's okay, yeah, the
+
+160
+00:12:10,250 --> 00:12:13,870
+atmosphere of the poem is frightening, but you
+
+161
+00:12:13,870 --> 00:12:19,490
+know, the poem ends in a hopeful note. Yes?
+
+162
+00:12:25,390 --> 00:12:29,110
+So he's,
+
+163
+00:12:30,090 --> 00:12:32,390
+it is a recurrent theme, you know? It is the same
+
+164
+00:12:32,390 --> 00:12:33,330
+theme, you know?
+
+165
+00:12:40,060 --> 00:12:40,880
+Okay,
+
+166
+00:12:49,600 --> 00:12:53,760
+so it is, you know, a repeated theme, but the
+
+167
+00:12:53,760 --> 00:12:56,940
+question is Shakespeare repeating himself, you
+
+168
+00:12:56,940 --> 00:13:01,060
+know? Now, if yes, is he repeating in the same
+
+169
+00:13:01,060 --> 00:13:04,980
+form? Because sometimes you might say or you might
+
+170
+00:13:04,980 --> 00:13:09,280
+express the same idea by different ways. So if
+
+171
+00:13:09,280 --> 00:13:11,580
+Shakespeare is expressing his idea in the same
+
+172
+00:13:11,580 --> 00:13:15,120
+way, so he's boring and he's not worthy reading.
+
+173
+00:13:15,860 --> 00:13:19,680
+So I think it is a different image. But let's, you
+
+174
+00:13:19,680 --> 00:13:22,240
+know, I want, like, to read the poem aloud for
+
+175
+00:13:22,240 --> 00:13:25,740
+you. And after that, I'll be, like, giving you a
+
+176
+00:13:25,740 --> 00:13:32,880
+task. This task is just to try to categorize the
+
+177
+00:13:32,880 --> 00:13:38,560
+forces, I mean, all the forces that have to do
+
+178
+00:13:38,560 --> 00:13:40,520
+with the power or the elements that have to do
+
+179
+00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:44,740
+with power, and all the elements that have to do
+
+180
+00:13:44,740 --> 00:13:48,560
+with weakness. So we have strong elements and weak
+
+181
+00:13:48,560 --> 00:13:53,060
+elements. So I want you to enlist and to see what
+
+182
+00:13:53,060 --> 00:13:56,980
+is like feeble, what is weak, what is fragile, and
+
+183
+00:13:56,980 --> 00:14:00,120
+then what is strong, what is impregnant. Okay?
+
+184
+00:14:07,560 --> 00:14:14,660
+Since brass nor stone nor earth nor boundless sea,
+
+185
+00:14:16,120 --> 00:14:21,520
+but sad mortality oversways their power. How with
+
+186
+00:14:21,520 --> 00:14:26,360
+this rage shall a beauty hold a plea whose action
+
+187
+00:14:26,360 --> 00:14:31,460
+is no stronger than a flower? Or how shall
+
+188
+00:14:31,460 --> 00:14:35,780
+someone's honey breath hold out against the
+
+189
+00:14:35,780 --> 00:14:39,820
+reckful siege of battering days when rocks
+
+190
+00:14:39,820 --> 00:14:44,760
+impregnable are not so stout nor gates of steel so
+
+191
+00:14:44,760 --> 00:14:50,820
+strong but time decays oh fearful meditation oh
+
+192
+00:14:50,820 --> 00:14:54,660
+fearful meditation where alack shall times best
+
+193
+00:14:54,660 --> 00:14:59,640
+jewel from times just lighted Or what strong hand?
+
+194
+00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:03,540
+Or what strong hand can hold his swift foot back?
+
+195
+00:15:04,020 --> 00:15:09,300
+Or who his spool of beauty can forbid? Oh, none,
+
+196
+00:15:10,120 --> 00:15:15,500
+unless this miracle have might, that in black ink
+
+197
+00:15:15,500 --> 00:15:21,720
+my love may still shine bright. So now you have
+
+198
+00:15:21,720 --> 00:15:25,340
+the poem. You have the text. In five minutes, I
+
+199
+00:15:25,340 --> 00:15:31,660
+want you to categorize the elements of fragility,
+
+200
+00:15:32,600 --> 00:15:35,160
+feebleness, and the elements of power and
+
+201
+00:15:35,160 --> 00:15:40,200
+strength. So what is here, stone is linked with
+
+202
+00:15:40,200 --> 00:15:43,360
+brass, and so on. Just five minutes.
+
+203
+00:15:46,420 --> 00:15:46,920
+Go ahead.
+
+204
+00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:58,510
+Yes, let's see now. What you have done. Yes. What
+
+205
+00:15:58,510 --> 00:16:03,750
+are the elements of power? Yes, please. Go ahead.
+
+206
+00:16:03,950 --> 00:16:04,810
+Yes.
+
+207
+00:16:07,630 --> 00:16:09,510
+You picked out.
+
+208
+00:16:14,090 --> 00:16:17,510
+Stone. Yes. Brass.
+
+209
+00:16:25,140 --> 00:16:33,000
+Boundless seas. Rage. Rage, okay, rage. So you
+
+210
+00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:40,240
+have brass, stone, earth, seas. Gates of steel.
+
+211
+00:16:40,720 --> 00:16:48,680
+Gates of steel, yes. And the most powerful is the
+
+212
+00:16:48,680 --> 00:16:53,470
+sad mortality itself. Yes, yes. Okay, good. What
+
+213
+00:16:53,470 --> 00:16:58,770
+about, you know, yeah, okay, let's see somebody
+
+214
+00:16:58,770 --> 00:17:01,770
+else. Yes, please. What are the elements of
+
+215
+00:17:01,770 --> 00:17:06,330
+weakness? Yes, flour, honey, meditation.
+
+216
+00:17:11,210 --> 00:17:15,910
+These things are delicate. They are feeble or
+
+217
+00:17:15,910 --> 00:17:20,410
+frail. You know what means frail? Very, very weak.
+
+218
+00:17:21,130 --> 00:17:24,850
+Frail means weak or feeble.
+
+219
+00:17:31,410 --> 00:17:37,800
+Okay. What else? Now miracle, I think the miracle
+
+220
+00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:42,140
+has, you know, you know, strong implication. What
+
+221
+00:17:42,140 --> 00:17:51,480
+else? Beauty and jewel? No, swift. Foot. A foot,
+
+222
+00:17:51,680 --> 00:17:54,680
+when a foot is swift, it means it's very strong.
+
+223
+00:17:55,880 --> 00:17:56,260
+Plea.
+
+224
+00:17:59,640 --> 00:18:03,520
+I don't think, yes, plea, it has to do with, you
+
+225
+00:18:03,520 --> 00:18:06,940
+know, plea. Because when you are having a plea,
+
+226
+00:18:07,240 --> 00:18:12,940
+you want to defend yourself. What else? What about
+
+227
+00:18:12,940 --> 00:18:19,540
+black ink? What is ink? Yeah, I know. Is it strong
+
+228
+00:18:19,540 --> 00:18:26,380
+or weak? Weak. Now somebody says no. If you are in
+
+229
+00:18:26,380 --> 00:18:28,440
+India and you say like this, it means you agree.
+
+230
+00:18:29,610 --> 00:18:33,930
+But you disagree, yes? Yes. So why? I think it has
+
+231
+00:18:33,930 --> 00:18:37,210
+to do with the strength. It has to do with the
+
+232
+00:18:37,210 --> 00:18:43,910
+strength. Power. Okay, yeah. Like why? I have no
+
+233
+00:18:43,910 --> 00:18:49,190
+idea. So why, you know? Maybe ink is there for
+
+234
+00:18:49,190 --> 00:18:54,890
+everything. So if we are looking at ink, because
+
+235
+00:18:54,890 --> 00:18:57,370
+you know, what is going to be written in black
+
+236
+00:18:57,370 --> 00:19:01,910
+ink, it is a metonymy of his poetry, so his poetry
+
+237
+00:19:01,910 --> 00:19:08,270
+here is going to surpass all these elements. Good.
+
+238
+00:19:09,250 --> 00:19:15,210
+I think before just going through the poem, let's
+
+239
+00:19:15,210 --> 00:19:20,640
+see here what is Being perceived as a source of
+
+240
+00:19:20,640 --> 00:19:26,660
+power and strength is proven to be like what?
+
+241
+00:19:26,840 --> 00:19:31,120
+Feeble, fragile. And what is fragile, like the
+
+242
+00:19:31,120 --> 00:19:35,200
+ink, which is feeble, is going to be very strong.
+
+243
+00:19:35,500 --> 00:19:39,320
+So we have a reversal of the code, you know? We
+
+244
+00:19:39,320 --> 00:19:42,560
+have a reversal in the semantic code of the words
+
+245
+00:19:42,560 --> 00:19:46,340
+themselves. I mean, they are reversed. What is
+
+246
+00:19:46,340 --> 00:19:50,880
+strong, what appears to be strong will be weak,
+
+247
+00:19:51,180 --> 00:19:54,660
+and what appears to be weak will be strong. So
+
+248
+00:19:54,660 --> 00:20:01,260
+this is a reversal. But now I think, you know, let
+
+249
+00:20:01,260 --> 00:20:09,020
+us see what is brass, like sometimes words are
+
+250
+00:20:09,020 --> 00:20:10,600
+associated with the meaning. What is brass
+
+251
+00:20:10,600 --> 00:20:17,350
+associated with? Since brass,stone and earth nor
+
+252
+00:20:17,350 --> 00:20:20,190
+boundless sea, but sad mortality overswathes their
+
+253
+00:20:20,190 --> 00:20:22,950
+power. So here you have a confrontation.
+
+254
+00:20:24,370 --> 00:20:27,390
+Shakespeare is giving us an image of
+
+255
+00:20:27,390 --> 00:20:30,830
+confrontation, you know, between what and what.
+
+256
+00:20:32,370 --> 00:20:39,190
+Sad mortality is doing what? Sweeps the power of
+
+257
+00:20:39,190 --> 00:20:47,310
+what? Brass? Stone? And boundless sea. Okay. And
+
+258
+00:20:47,310 --> 00:20:50,110
+now it's a battle. It's like a battle, yes? Do you
+
+259
+00:20:50,110 --> 00:20:58,150
+imagine how sad mortality is like very violent and
+
+260
+00:20:58,150 --> 00:21:02,690
+is doing what? Destroys everything. Since brass,
+
+261
+00:21:03,270 --> 00:21:07,930
+nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea, but sad
+
+262
+00:21:07,930 --> 00:21:11,650
+mortality oversways their power. So who's the
+
+263
+00:21:11,650 --> 00:21:12,370
+strongest here?
+
+264
+00:21:15,240 --> 00:21:17,340
+Yes, sad mortality. What is sad mortality? A
+
+265
+00:21:17,340 --> 00:21:22,320
+metonymy of? Death. Wow. So death is very
+
+266
+00:21:22,320 --> 00:21:26,000
+powerful. Death, which was bragging in the
+
+267
+00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:31,820
+previous stanza, is still now, you know, seen as a
+
+268
+00:21:31,820 --> 00:21:36,300
+very ruthless power which oversways everything,
+
+269
+00:21:36,720 --> 00:21:41,500
+like stones, brass, you know, earth, et cetera.
+
+270
+00:21:41,860 --> 00:21:46,310
+But let me go back to my question. The words brass
+
+271
+00:21:46,310 --> 00:21:49,030
+and stone are always associated with what?
+
+272
+00:21:50,830 --> 00:22:02,930
+Buildings? Buildings? Power? Why power? We use
+
+273
+00:22:02,930 --> 00:22:06,550
+metals. And sometimes like, do you know the Statue
+
+274
+00:22:06,550 --> 00:22:09,990
+of Liberty? What are statues? If you have been to
+
+275
+00:22:09,990 --> 00:22:13,910
+Cairo, you will see many statues. The statues are
+
+276
+00:22:13,910 --> 00:22:18,950
+made of what? Either brass, steel, copper, you
+
+277
+00:22:18,950 --> 00:22:24,090
+know, or stone. So because those things, I mean
+
+278
+00:22:24,090 --> 00:22:29,850
+brass, stone, were used in making up statues. So
+
+279
+00:22:29,850 --> 00:22:32,790
+they are linked with the idea of immortality. So
+
+280
+00:22:32,790 --> 00:22:39,690
+people have been using these elements in building
+
+281
+00:22:39,690 --> 00:22:44,850
+statues in order to defy Did you see the statue of
+
+282
+00:22:44,850 --> 00:22:48,610
+Gaddafi? Did you see his head, which was made of
+
+283
+00:22:48,610 --> 00:22:58,090
+gold? Yeah. So Gaddafi thought that this statue
+
+284
+00:22:58,090 --> 00:23:05,080
+will immortalize him. But he was mistaken. because
+
+285
+00:23:05,080 --> 00:23:09,260
+death was more powerful. So Shakespeare realized
+
+286
+00:23:09,260 --> 00:23:13,360
+that death was more powerful than all those
+
+287
+00:23:13,360 --> 00:23:19,460
+elements, since brass nor stone, like it is, you
+
+288
+00:23:19,460 --> 00:23:22,980
+know, an assumption. Shakespeare assumes that all
+
+289
+00:23:22,980 --> 00:23:27,780
+these powerful things will be weak, feeble, you
+
+290
+00:23:27,780 --> 00:23:33,600
+know, in the face of sad mortality. And then, how
+
+291
+00:23:33,600 --> 00:23:37,240
+with this rage shall beauty hold a plea? So
+
+292
+00:23:37,240 --> 00:23:41,780
+Shakespeare is asking a question. This poem is
+
+293
+00:23:41,780 --> 00:23:46,120
+full of rhetorical questions. You know what I
+
+294
+00:23:46,120 --> 00:23:49,420
+mean? Rhetorical questions. Questions that do not
+
+295
+00:23:49,420 --> 00:23:52,660
+need answers.
+
+296
+00:23:52,960 --> 00:23:55,400
+How many questions do we have? I want you to look
+
+297
+00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:58,040
+at the poem and tell me how many questions do we
+
+298
+00:23:58,040 --> 00:23:59,880
+have. Look here.
+
+299
+00:24:03,060 --> 00:24:10,260
+How with this rage? Five equations. Or how? Let's
+
+300
+00:24:10,260 --> 00:24:12,740
+see one. How with this rage shall beauty hold a
+
+301
+00:24:12,740 --> 00:24:13,660
+plea? One.
+
+302
+00:24:16,780 --> 00:24:19,140
+Whose action is no stronger than a flower?
+
+303
+00:24:21,900 --> 00:24:27,610
+Or how shall summer's honey breath hold out? Okay?
+
+304
+00:24:29,430 --> 00:24:30,070
+You know?
+
+305
+00:24:33,370 --> 00:24:38,650
+No, no, no. It's like here, look here. Yes, we
+
+306
+00:24:38,650 --> 00:24:41,990
+have five questions. This is the first question.
+
+307
+00:24:42,590 --> 00:24:45,870
+How with this trade shall beauty hold a plea? This
+
+308
+00:24:45,870 --> 00:24:50,290
+is whose action is relatively close. It is not a
+
+309
+00:24:50,290 --> 00:24:53,970
+question. This is question number two. How shall
+
+310
+00:24:53,970 --> 00:24:57,920
+summer's honey breath hold out? Against the
+
+311
+00:24:57,920 --> 00:25:00,180
+reckful siege of battering day, these are not
+
+312
+00:25:00,180 --> 00:25:03,220
+questions, where rocks impregnable are not stouts
+
+313
+00:25:03,220 --> 00:25:08,060
+nor gates of steel so strong, but time decays. O
+
+314
+00:25:08,060 --> 00:25:11,240
+fearful meditation, what a lack! This is like the
+
+315
+00:25:11,240 --> 00:25:14,600
+third question. Shall time's best jewel from
+
+316
+00:25:14,600 --> 00:25:18,400
+time's chest lie head? Or what strong hand? Like
+
+317
+00:25:18,400 --> 00:25:21,980
+the fourth question. Or who? The fifth question.
+
+318
+00:25:22,340 --> 00:25:27,620
+So we have five rhetorical questions. So these
+
+319
+00:25:27,620 --> 00:25:31,620
+questions like, what is he asking in these
+
+320
+00:25:31,620 --> 00:25:35,780
+questions? In these questions, like these
+
+321
+00:25:35,780 --> 00:25:38,140
+questions, he's asking them, yes?
+
+322
+00:25:41,020 --> 00:25:50,620
+So he was wondering about the power, about, you
+
+323
+00:25:50,620 --> 00:25:56,150
+know, the powerful thing that would deter the
+
+324
+00:25:56,150 --> 00:25:59,910
+ravages of death. You know what's with deter? Like
+
+325
+00:25:59,910 --> 00:26:11,450
+repulse. You know? To deter. So he
+
+326
+00:26:11,450 --> 00:26:15,170
+was looking all the time. He was asking. Now this
+
+327
+00:26:15,170 --> 00:26:19,230
+poem, because you know Shakespeare was a
+
+328
+00:26:19,230 --> 00:26:23,450
+playwright. He was writing for plays. So this
+
+329
+00:26:23,450 --> 00:26:29,610
+poem, It should be read aloud because it is very
+
+330
+00:26:29,610 --> 00:26:34,190
+effective because of the rhetorical question. So
+
+331
+00:26:34,190 --> 00:26:41,790
+if you read it on the stage, it should sound like
+
+332
+00:26:41,790 --> 00:26:45,410
+somebody who's, you know, there is drama in it.
+
+333
+00:26:45,670 --> 00:26:49,210
+There is drama in it. So let's listen to the poem
+
+334
+00:26:49,210 --> 00:26:51,530
+read
+
+335
+00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:57,200
+by or recited by a native speaker and see how it's
+
+336
+00:26:57,200 --> 00:26:57,980
+going to be like.
+
+337
+00:27:03,000 --> 00:27:04,920
+Summit 65.
+
+338
+00:27:07,700 --> 00:27:12,520
+With brass, no stone, no earth, no boundless sea,
+
+339
+00:27:13,000 --> 00:27:17,680
+that sad mortality outweighs their power. How with
+
+340
+00:27:17,680 --> 00:27:22,360
+this rage shall beauty hold a plea? Whose action
+
+341
+00:27:22,360 --> 00:27:26,780
+is there stronger than a flower? O, how shall
+
+342
+00:27:26,780 --> 00:27:29,280
+summer's honeyed breath hold out Against the
+
+343
+00:27:29,280 --> 00:27:33,000
+workful siege of battering days, When locks
+
+344
+00:27:33,000 --> 00:27:36,960
+impregnable are not so stout, Nor gates of steel
+
+345
+00:27:36,960 --> 00:27:40,760
+so strong, but time decays?
+
+346
+00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:48,100
+O fearful meditation! Where on heck shall time's
+
+347
+00:27:48,100 --> 00:27:52,210
+best jewel From time's chest lie hid? Oh, what
+
+348
+00:27:52,210 --> 00:27:56,230
+strong hand can hold his swift foot back? Oh,
+
+349
+00:27:56,310 --> 00:28:01,350
+cruelly spoiled beauty can forbid? Oh, none,
+
+350
+00:28:02,410 --> 00:28:07,910
+unless this miracle have might, that in black ink
+
+351
+00:28:07,910 --> 00:28:14,590
+my love may still shine bright. Wow. So I think,
+
+352
+00:28:14,650 --> 00:28:17,010
+you know, as you see Shakespeare is very
+
+353
+00:28:17,010 --> 00:28:21,320
+confident. So Shakespeare is very confident that
+
+354
+00:28:21,320 --> 00:28:31,400
+his poetry will be immortal. Yes. If you want, you
+
+355
+00:28:31,400 --> 00:28:34,960
+can recite it better than the native speaker. You
+
+356
+00:28:34,960 --> 00:28:42,920
+can. But as you see, Shakespeare lived
+
+357
+00:28:42,920 --> 00:28:47,000
+the dilemma. There was a dilemma. You know what's
+
+358
+00:28:47,000 --> 00:28:50,240
+been the dilemma? Like death. The dilemma was like
+
+359
+00:28:50,240 --> 00:28:56,020
+death was leaving nothing. But what is interesting
+
+360
+00:28:56,020 --> 00:29:01,360
+here, look at each stanza, what he's doing. In the
+
+361
+00:29:01,360 --> 00:29:07,040
+first stanza, summer's
+
+362
+00:29:07,040 --> 00:29:13,580
+honey or the beauty of his friend is seen in the
+
+363
+00:29:13,580 --> 00:29:18,070
+face of time like what? Like, how shall summer's
+
+364
+00:29:18,070 --> 00:29:20,970
+honey, which is a metonymy of the beauty of his
+
+365
+00:29:20,970 --> 00:29:29,090
+friend, you know, hold out against what? Against,
+
+366
+00:29:29,270 --> 00:29:32,630
+sorry, let's go to the poem. The first, I mean.
+
+367
+00:29:33,590 --> 00:29:39,350
+Here, sad mortality, you know, and the beauty of
+
+368
+00:29:39,350 --> 00:29:42,950
+his friend. How with a straight shall beauty hold
+
+369
+00:29:42,950 --> 00:29:46,070
+a plea, whose action is no stronger than a flower?
+
+370
+00:29:46,490 --> 00:29:51,390
+So the beauty of his friend is like what? A
+
+371
+00:29:51,390 --> 00:29:55,790
+defendant, a helpless defendant in the court,
+
+372
+00:29:56,470 --> 00:30:05,730
+who's trying to justify, to explain. But as you
+
+373
+00:30:05,730 --> 00:30:09,110
+see, it can do nothing. How with a straight shall
+
+374
+00:30:09,110 --> 00:30:13,780
+beauty hold a plea? defend itself. So it's a court
+
+375
+00:30:13,780 --> 00:30:19,860
+scene where the defendant is very weak and the
+
+376
+00:30:19,860 --> 00:30:26,580
+defendant is trying to defend itself. Then, again,
+
+377
+00:30:27,800 --> 00:30:32,860
+the image or the same idea is repeated but in a
+
+378
+00:30:32,860 --> 00:30:38,040
+different image. The image Or, how shall someone's
+
+379
+00:30:38,040 --> 00:30:41,740
+honey breath hold out against the wrickful siege
+
+380
+00:30:41,740 --> 00:30:46,320
+of battering days? Here, I think all of us know
+
+381
+00:30:46,320 --> 00:30:49,600
+what siege means. You know siege? Or should I
+
+382
+00:30:49,600 --> 00:30:55,470
+explain it? So, is siege tough? We, like
+
+383
+00:30:55,470 --> 00:30:58,850
+Palestinians, know what is the siege, how the
+
+384
+00:30:58,850 --> 00:31:05,110
+siege is tough. We've been living in siege or
+
+385
+00:31:05,110 --> 00:31:10,750
+under the siege for almost five years. It was very
+
+386
+00:31:10,750 --> 00:31:16,430
+unjust siege. And you see, the siege means you
+
+387
+00:31:16,430 --> 00:31:19,770
+cannot go anywhere. You cannot go anywhere. But
+
+388
+00:31:19,770 --> 00:31:22,770
+here, if you just look at this image, the siege,
+
+389
+00:31:24,920 --> 00:31:29,500
+And here, Samarzani, or the beauty of Samarzani is
+
+390
+00:31:29,500 --> 00:31:35,680
+here. Like a man, imagine, and it is not only a
+
+391
+00:31:35,680 --> 00:31:38,540
+siege, but there are, you know, some guards who
+
+392
+00:31:38,540 --> 00:31:44,780
+are, there are some soldiers who are imposing this
+
+393
+00:31:44,780 --> 00:31:47,800
+siege. Who are these soldiers? And what they are
+
+394
+00:31:47,800 --> 00:31:52,720
+carrying? If you look, they are soldiers who are
+
+395
+00:31:52,720 --> 00:31:57,170
+carrying They are battering days, you know,
+
+396
+00:31:58,510 --> 00:32:03,110
+against the requisite of battering days. So the
+
+397
+00:32:03,110 --> 00:32:07,150
+days, the days of time, of course, are like
+
+398
+00:32:07,150 --> 00:32:14,990
+soldiers who are holding what? Big hammers, very
+
+399
+00:32:14,990 --> 00:32:20,390
+huge hammers. You know, imagine like you'll go
+
+400
+00:32:20,390 --> 00:32:25,670
+crazy. This is like very frightening. My God, what
+
+401
+00:32:25,670 --> 00:32:32,030
+about this fragile? What will it do? Nothing. And
+
+402
+00:32:32,030 --> 00:32:38,790
+then, you know, again,
+
+403
+00:32:38,890 --> 00:32:40,590
+you know, the same thing.
+
+404
+00:32:43,850 --> 00:32:50,390
+Time is seen like a very powerful Giant with a big
+
+405
+00:32:50,390 --> 00:32:53,590
+head, you know, with a huge thought which is
+
+406
+00:32:53,590 --> 00:32:58,690
+kicking, you know, like, you know, the beauty of
+
+407
+00:32:58,690 --> 00:33:02,610
+his friend. So don't you think these meditations
+
+408
+00:33:02,610 --> 00:33:07,530
+were frightening meditations? So here he says, oh,
+
+409
+00:33:07,610 --> 00:33:13,970
+for fearful meditation, where I lack. I think it's
+
+410
+00:33:13,970 --> 00:33:17,270
+a very frightening thing. But Shakespeare
+
+411
+00:33:17,270 --> 00:33:25,490
+succeeded in overcoming this by saying, oh none.
+
+412
+00:33:26,450 --> 00:33:30,450
+So in all these things, he was looking for a power
+
+413
+00:33:30,450 --> 00:33:35,550
+which would deter. Oh none, unless this miracle
+
+414
+00:33:35,550 --> 00:33:42,250
+have might. Might? What's mean might? Power. We
+
+415
+00:33:42,250 --> 00:33:46,270
+say in the name of Allah Almighty, Mighty Power.
+
+416
+00:33:48,010 --> 00:33:50,830
+You see, might here means power. Oh none unless
+
+417
+00:33:50,830 --> 00:33:55,950
+this miracle have might that in a black ink my
+
+418
+00:33:55,950 --> 00:34:00,810
+love may still shine bright. My love. the memory
+
+419
+00:34:00,810 --> 00:34:05,930
+of my friend. But Shakespeare, I think, means more
+
+420
+00:34:05,930 --> 00:34:08,730
+than the memory, more than the beauty of his
+
+421
+00:34:08,730 --> 00:34:11,510
+friend. Shakespeare was a great writer who wanted
+
+422
+00:34:11,510 --> 00:34:16,270
+to immortalize his himself through his poetry. I
+
+423
+00:34:16,270 --> 00:34:18,890
+think, you know, we know we touched the theme, but
+
+424
+00:34:18,890 --> 00:34:22,530
+it seems like we have to go deeper into the
+
+425
+00:34:22,530 --> 00:34:25,230
+aesthetics. And this is what we are going to do
+
+426
+00:34:25,230 --> 00:34:29,610
+next time. I want you to prepare it very well. I
+
+427
+00:34:29,610 --> 00:34:33,230
+mean, to look into the aesthetics and try to link
+
+428
+00:34:33,230 --> 00:34:35,930
+between the specialized language and the common
+
+429
+00:34:35,930 --> 00:34:38,590
+language. Okay? Thank you very much for listening
+
+430
+00:34:38,590 --> 00:34:39,630
+and see you next time.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/EJlqlJkLb9c_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1880 @@
+1
+00:00:14,160 --> 00:00:19,640
+Good morning everybody. Good. Nice to see you
+
+2
+00:00:19,640 --> 00:00:26,620
+today. How is poetry like with you? Good?
+
+3
+00:00:29,010 --> 00:00:31,750
+Are you ready with your reports, responses?
+
+4
+00:00:34,170 --> 00:00:40,710
+Not yet? You are rewriting them again or what? But
+
+5
+00:00:40,710 --> 00:00:44,090
+I told you from the very beginning, you have to
+
+6
+00:00:44,090 --> 00:00:49,170
+make them ready all the time. Now imagine I
+
+7
+00:00:49,170 --> 00:00:54,230
+collect all of them now, what would you do? And I
+
+8
+00:00:54,230 --> 00:00:55,530
+started marking them.
+
+9
+00:00:58,850 --> 00:01:03,170
+So those who are ready, bring them here. Those who
+
+10
+00:01:03,170 --> 00:01:07,030
+are not ready, I don't know, it's up to you. But I
+
+11
+00:01:07,030 --> 00:01:15,150
+need them today, yes. Your response? Huh? No, I'm
+
+12
+00:01:15,150 --> 00:01:17,130
+not taking them next time, you know?
+
+13
+00:01:23,770 --> 00:01:28,590
+Okay. You have to submit them today, but before,
+
+14
+00:01:29,630 --> 00:01:37,290
+like, here, you submit them here. Okay? Your
+
+15
+00:01:37,290 --> 00:01:38,410
+reports and your responses.
+
+16
+00:01:52,730 --> 00:01:54,970
+All the reports, I said.
+
+17
+00:02:06,530 --> 00:02:11,050
+I told you, like, the reports and the response
+
+18
+00:02:11,050 --> 00:02:14,050
+should be every day with you. Okay, go ahead.
+
+19
+00:02:17,650 --> 00:02:20,950
+Okay. As a teacher, I have two coffee mugs. The
+
+20
+00:02:20,950 --> 00:02:23,530
+other one, I'll bring home. I'll bring the plate.
+
+21
+00:02:26,370 --> 00:02:26,810
+Okay.
+
+22
+00:02:50,190 --> 00:02:50,670
+No,
+
+23
+00:02:53,650 --> 00:02:57,650
+you just give all of them. Okay, good.
+
+24
+00:03:10,550 --> 00:03:16,470
+Okay, so let's start. I'm going to like to pick
+
+25
+00:03:16,470 --> 00:03:17,670
+out here.
+
+26
+00:03:20,610 --> 00:03:22,230
+So she didn't write anything.
+
+27
+00:03:28,550 --> 00:03:31,630
+This is yours? Okay, come and read it.
+
+28
+00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:41,220
+The Daffodils. William Wordworth, the sensitive
+
+29
+00:03:41,220 --> 00:03:43,840
+and romantic poet. At the beginning, he was very
+
+30
+00:03:43,840 --> 00:03:46,960
+sad and had a deep pain of loneliness there.
+
+31
+00:03:47,220 --> 00:03:50,580
+However, something changed him from the sorrow to
+
+32
+00:03:50,580 --> 00:03:53,240
+the pleasure completely. It is the daffodils which
+
+33
+00:03:53,240 --> 00:03:55,920
+fluttering and dancing in the breeze. The poet is
+
+34
+00:03:55,920 --> 00:03:59,940
+an emotional man who feels the daffodils which are
+
+35
+00:03:59,940 --> 00:04:05,080
+ordinary to anyone. Because of the romanticism era
+
+36
+00:04:05,080 --> 00:04:08,750
+which had those poets who have the eye, the
+
+37
+00:04:08,750 --> 00:04:12,710
+emotional eye and the musical eye. Is it a report
+
+38
+00:04:12,710 --> 00:04:16,430
+or response? Yes, no, it's a report about the last
+
+39
+00:04:16,430 --> 00:04:19,770
+pictures. Yeah, but I don't see any reporting, you
+
+40
+00:04:19,770 --> 00:04:23,970
+know, it is like, it sounds like a response. Is
+
+41
+00:04:23,970 --> 00:04:27,250
+that a report or response? Report. But it's not
+
+42
+00:04:27,250 --> 00:04:30,450
+like, it doesn't have a report in a way. Okay,
+
+43
+00:04:30,470 --> 00:04:33,210
+thank you. Yes. Yes, you.
+
+44
+00:04:38,280 --> 00:04:41,640
+I appreciate like some people think that it is
+
+45
+00:04:41,640 --> 00:04:45,560
+very frightening to stand here. And I understand
+
+46
+00:04:45,560 --> 00:04:50,860
+her fear, you know, it's not easy. Yesterday when
+
+47
+00:04:50,860 --> 00:04:55,650
+I was writing my daily report, Write in my daily
+
+48
+00:04:55,650 --> 00:04:58,570
+report I imagined myself in front of the camera
+
+49
+00:04:58,570 --> 00:05:02,110
+and I found that it's very frightening situation I
+
+50
+00:05:02,110 --> 00:05:04,710
+decided that I wanted to read my report in the
+
+51
+00:05:04,710 --> 00:05:07,530
+next lecture to break this frightening and I
+
+52
+00:05:07,530 --> 00:05:11,330
+really will do that That's why she decided you
+
+53
+00:05:11,330 --> 00:05:14,670
+know Now when I stand up in front of the camera
+
+54
+00:05:14,670 --> 00:05:18,110
+it's more bitter of my imagination Anyway last
+
+55
+00:05:18,110 --> 00:05:21,070
+lecture I was absent because I was very ill but I
+
+56
+00:05:21,070 --> 00:05:25,340
+watched it on my computer Last lecture was a nice
+
+57
+00:05:25,340 --> 00:05:28,600
+one. At the first, Dr. Akram asked about our
+
+58
+00:05:28,600 --> 00:05:33,060
+report and chose some students randomly. Then he
+
+59
+00:05:33,060 --> 00:05:36,560
+explained what was explained in the previous
+
+60
+00:05:36,560 --> 00:05:40,360
+lecture by some students. There was an atmosphere
+
+61
+00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:43,320
+of activity and participation. The time of lecture
+
+62
+00:05:43,320 --> 00:05:45,920
+passed very quickly and the doctor asked us if we
+
+63
+00:05:45,920 --> 00:05:49,460
+have any questions about this poem. Then he left
+
+64
+00:05:49,460 --> 00:05:54,960
+the class. Okay. Yes. Yes.
+
+65
+00:06:09,120 --> 00:06:12,080
+Saturday's class was a memorable day for me, since
+
+66
+00:06:12,080 --> 00:06:14,480
+Dr. Akram started his lecture choosing randomly
+
+67
+00:06:14,480 --> 00:06:17,400
+students to report. And this was my turn to do.
+
+68
+00:06:17,880 --> 00:06:19,820
+Really, I don't remember anything except myself
+
+69
+00:06:19,820 --> 00:06:22,820
+reporting. After the class finished... Did I
+
+70
+00:06:22,820 --> 00:06:28,000
+choose you last time? Many students asked me the
+
+71
+00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:30,840
+same question that Dr. Akram asked, why I was
+
+72
+00:06:30,840 --> 00:06:33,500
+shivering. The truth that I had to change some
+
+73
+00:06:33,500 --> 00:06:36,880
+words in the middle of my report. Therefore, in
+
+74
+00:06:36,880 --> 00:06:39,860
+the middle, I reported orally. I was afraid not to
+
+75
+00:06:39,860 --> 00:06:42,980
+find the appropriate words. I learned from that
+
+76
+00:06:42,980 --> 00:06:45,140
+situation that I have to do what I have to do
+
+77
+00:06:45,140 --> 00:06:49,240
+without any change. Why didn't you submit it
+
+78
+00:06:49,240 --> 00:06:54,760
+quickly? Because I... Where is that?
+
+79
+00:07:00,120 --> 00:07:03,520
+Okay, do not submit any now, you know, that's it.
+
+80
+00:07:04,960 --> 00:07:13,280
+Good. So today we're going like to see, huh? No,
+
+81
+00:07:13,600 --> 00:07:18,860
+realize them at home, you know. Okay, today we're
+
+82
+00:07:18,860 --> 00:07:21,400
+going to see the Victorian poetry. When we're
+
+83
+00:07:21,400 --> 00:07:24,560
+talking about Victorian age or Victorian poetry,
+
+84
+00:07:25,880 --> 00:07:28,340
+like, why do we call it Victorian?
+
+85
+00:07:31,960 --> 00:07:34,780
+Yeah, Queen Victoria, like,
+
+86
+00:07:37,440 --> 00:07:46,040
+took over. Queen Victoria took over in 1837.
+
+87
+00:07:47,270 --> 00:07:55,450
+And she died 1901. So she ruled England for a very
+
+88
+00:07:55,450 --> 00:08:02,390
+long time. Now, the Victorian Age was a different
+
+89
+00:08:02,390 --> 00:08:10,390
+age. It witnessed many revolutions. It witnessed
+
+90
+00:08:10,390 --> 00:08:12,390
+like the scientific revolution, the industrial
+
+91
+00:08:12,390 --> 00:08:16,620
+revolution, Like many revolutions in that age, and
+
+92
+00:08:16,620 --> 00:08:20,740
+even religious revolution, it was characterized by
+
+93
+00:08:20,740 --> 00:08:26,400
+a great deal of skepticism and uncertainty.
+
+94
+00:08:29,840 --> 00:08:34,400
+Why? Why do you think, you know, what was
+
+95
+00:08:34,400 --> 00:08:37,960
+happening in the Victorian Age? As we saw in the
+
+96
+00:08:37,960 --> 00:08:38,900
+Romantic period,
+
+97
+00:08:41,660 --> 00:08:45,100
+I mean, the Industrial Revolution started to
+
+98
+00:08:45,100 --> 00:08:51,600
+change the nature of life. So this continued. This
+
+99
+00:08:51,600 --> 00:08:58,040
+case continued in the Victorian Age. Yes? In the
+
+100
+00:08:58,040 --> 00:09:00,200
+Victorian Age, just like you said, it continued,
+
+101
+00:09:00,340 --> 00:09:03,550
+but it was even more complicated. It was worse?
+
+102
+00:09:03,950 --> 00:09:07,830
+Yeah, it was more like deep in the society. So it
+
+103
+00:09:07,830 --> 00:09:10,730
+created a lot of problems. It became even worse
+
+104
+00:09:10,730 --> 00:09:13,310
+and there were a lot of things to deal with. So
+
+105
+00:09:13,310 --> 00:09:16,630
+the poets or the literary writers, they felt like
+
+106
+00:09:16,630 --> 00:09:18,790
+they need to tackle these problems. They need to
+
+107
+00:09:18,790 --> 00:09:22,050
+bring them to light and to find something. Okay,
+
+108
+00:09:22,150 --> 00:09:24,630
+what are these problems? You know, thank you for
+
+109
+00:09:24,630 --> 00:09:26,770
+mentioning problems, yes?
+
+110
+00:09:29,880 --> 00:09:33,860
+and the government treated the country as if it
+
+111
+00:09:33,860 --> 00:09:37,760
+was their own property. And they didn't allow the
+
+112
+00:09:37,760 --> 00:09:39,940
+new generation and young generation, especially
+
+113
+00:09:39,940 --> 00:09:43,640
+the educated people, to make their way through the
+
+114
+00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:47,560
+government. They made like. So they monopolized.
+
+115
+00:09:47,960 --> 00:09:51,500
+They made a lot of educational institutions, but
+
+116
+00:09:51,500 --> 00:09:54,740
+they didn't use the educated people in the
+
+117
+00:09:54,740 --> 00:09:56,860
+government. So they created a problem for
+
+118
+00:09:56,860 --> 00:09:59,840
+themselves. So there was class division, you know.
+
+119
+00:10:00,460 --> 00:10:04,120
+You know, there was hierarchy and social
+
+120
+00:10:04,120 --> 00:10:07,320
+hierarchy. We're talking about high class, the
+
+121
+00:10:07,320 --> 00:10:11,120
+aristocratic. We are talking about an emerging
+
+122
+00:10:11,120 --> 00:10:13,860
+class, which is called, you know, the middle
+
+123
+00:10:13,860 --> 00:10:17,780
+class, the Philistines or the Philistines, you
+
+124
+00:10:17,780 --> 00:10:21,100
+know, those materialistic people and the other,
+
+125
+00:10:21,400 --> 00:10:25,530
+the lay people, you know, the other people. Okay,
+
+126
+00:10:25,530 --> 00:10:28,590
+so you're talking about the ills, the problems,
+
+127
+00:10:28,790 --> 00:10:32,390
+the abuses. Do you have anything like in mind
+
+128
+00:10:32,390 --> 00:10:36,850
+about the abuses? You know, who was abused? Women
+
+129
+00:10:36,850 --> 00:10:41,150
+were abused. Children were abused in factories.
+
+130
+00:10:42,770 --> 00:10:48,190
+What else? But what was like the radical or the
+
+131
+00:10:48,190 --> 00:10:51,850
+element which changed, you know, the whole life of
+
+132
+00:10:51,850 --> 00:10:55,610
+the people? Religion, what happened to religion?
+
+133
+00:10:58,370 --> 00:11:02,490
+Yeah, the church was corrupted and we saw that
+
+134
+00:11:02,490 --> 00:11:04,050
+corruption in the Victorian Age.
+
+135
+00:11:14,790 --> 00:11:18,770
+What do you mean secularism? Like people became
+
+136
+00:11:18,770 --> 00:11:22,410
+very secular? Okay, what made them become very
+
+137
+00:11:22,410 --> 00:11:27,110
+secular? After Darwin, okay, Darwin, who was
+
+138
+00:11:27,110 --> 00:11:30,630
+Darwin? Now, if you remember, like the 18th
+
+139
+00:11:30,630 --> 00:11:34,910
+century was, I mean, all the changes came from
+
+140
+00:11:34,910 --> 00:11:38,590
+physics and mathematics, but now the changes in
+
+141
+00:11:38,590 --> 00:11:45,250
+life came from biology. Darwin, who came up with
+
+142
+00:11:45,250 --> 00:11:50,030
+his theory, which is the evolution of species, the
+
+143
+00:11:50,030 --> 00:11:54,250
+development of species. And in this theory, he
+
+144
+00:11:54,250 --> 00:11:57,730
+speculated that the origin of man was a descending
+
+145
+00:11:57,730 --> 00:12:03,450
+monkey. So this changed. This was a fatal blow to
+
+146
+00:12:03,450 --> 00:12:10,460
+a creed which presupposed that God was a man. If
+
+147
+00:12:10,460 --> 00:12:13,360
+you are saying that God was a man, here you see
+
+148
+00:12:13,360 --> 00:12:19,980
+the result. Man, man's image, this image which was
+
+149
+00:12:19,980 --> 00:12:24,020
+maintained by the Elizabethan, man was seen by the
+
+150
+00:12:24,020 --> 00:12:28,640
+Elizabethan as a paragon of animals. Man was the
+
+151
+00:12:28,640 --> 00:12:34,250
+best, the most balanced. Now man is Like only an
+
+152
+00:12:34,250 --> 00:12:37,290
+animal, it is, you know, like a descendant,
+
+153
+00:12:37,550 --> 00:12:41,290
+developed species. A developed species. So this
+
+154
+00:12:41,290 --> 00:12:46,950
+made people feel like what? They are uncertain
+
+155
+00:12:46,950 --> 00:12:49,610
+about what will happen to them. About what will
+
+156
+00:12:49,610 --> 00:12:52,530
+happen to them. And there were many theories like
+
+157
+00:12:52,530 --> 00:12:56,000
+man, there is no... You know, this means like
+
+158
+00:12:56,000 --> 00:13:00,940
+there is no life thereafter. You know, there is no
+
+159
+00:13:00,940 --> 00:13:05,620
+doomsday. So all of this created a kind of
+
+160
+00:13:05,620 --> 00:13:10,760
+uncertainty. And people were like very suspicious.
+
+161
+00:13:11,600 --> 00:13:15,580
+If you don't have religion, because religion is
+
+162
+00:13:15,580 --> 00:13:18,380
+like a walking stick. So if you don't have
+
+163
+00:13:18,380 --> 00:13:24,100
+religion, you mean you lose balance in life. And
+
+164
+00:13:24,100 --> 00:13:31,580
+this state of uncertainty was caught by the poets,
+
+165
+00:13:31,720 --> 00:13:35,860
+the Victorian poets. Tennyson was a main Victorian
+
+166
+00:13:35,860 --> 00:13:40,780
+poet. In his poem Immemoriam, it's a famous poem,
+
+167
+00:13:41,660 --> 00:13:47,160
+he said, I'm an infant crying in the night, crying
+
+168
+00:13:47,160 --> 00:13:53,330
+for the light. See what I mean? The light was
+
+169
+00:13:53,330 --> 00:13:58,330
+religion. So people's lives were governed by
+
+170
+00:13:58,330 --> 00:14:02,170
+materialistic forces. Everything. People were
+
+171
+00:14:02,170 --> 00:14:06,650
+exploited. There was a great deal of exploitation.
+
+172
+00:14:08,750 --> 00:14:15,610
+So that was the case. Poets like Tennyson wrote
+
+173
+00:14:15,610 --> 00:14:20,690
+poetry of entrapment, poetry of being imprisoned.
+
+174
+00:14:21,790 --> 00:14:24,130
+So they were highly philosophical. They were
+
+175
+00:14:24,130 --> 00:14:27,950
+looking for a solution. Matthew Arnold thought
+
+176
+00:14:27,950 --> 00:14:31,410
+that culture was a solution because there was no
+
+177
+00:14:31,410 --> 00:14:36,430
+religion. So he tried
+
+178
+00:14:36,430 --> 00:14:40,250
+to call people, to call poets, to write poetry of
+
+179
+00:14:40,250 --> 00:14:43,390
+culture, to write poetry of aesthetics. And he
+
+180
+00:14:43,390 --> 00:14:45,890
+thought that poetry was the religion of the
+
+181
+00:14:45,890 --> 00:14:48,970
+future. This is what he thought. So as an
+
+182
+00:14:48,970 --> 00:14:53,190
+introduction, today we're going to see two poems
+
+183
+00:14:53,190 --> 00:14:59,190
+as an introduction to Victorian poetry, a poem
+
+184
+00:14:59,190 --> 00:15:02,870
+which you are familiar with called The Eagle, it's
+
+185
+00:15:02,870 --> 00:15:09,350
+here, and Dover Beach. So I'm giving these as
+
+186
+00:15:09,350 --> 00:15:12,930
+introduction because we are studying in this
+
+187
+00:15:12,930 --> 00:15:16,410
+course, Hardy, the oxen. You see? This is like the
+
+188
+00:15:16,410 --> 00:15:20,090
+Victorian. So this is today, these two poems are
+
+189
+00:15:20,090 --> 00:15:23,610
+like introduction to the age. Who can read this
+
+190
+00:15:23,610 --> 00:15:23,850
+poem?
+
+191
+00:15:27,590 --> 00:15:28,190
+Yes?
+
+192
+00:15:36,450 --> 00:15:37,050
+Yes?
+
+193
+00:15:39,550 --> 00:15:46,370
+He clasps the crag with crocked hands, close to
+
+194
+00:15:46,370 --> 00:15:50,050
+the sun in lonely lands. Ringed with the azure
+
+195
+00:15:50,050 --> 00:15:53,790
+word, he stands. The wrinkled sea beneath him
+
+196
+00:15:53,790 --> 00:15:57,990
+crawls. He watches from his mountain walls, and
+
+197
+00:15:57,990 --> 00:16:01,570
+like a thunderbolt, he falls. What is he talking
+
+198
+00:16:01,570 --> 00:16:06,970
+about? The eagle. Okay, what is the attitude of
+
+199
+00:16:06,970 --> 00:16:10,350
+the poet, you know? Of the poet, sorry. Yes, he is
+
+200
+00:16:10,350 --> 00:16:13,170
+speaking about the eagle and how he is free and
+
+201
+00:16:13,170 --> 00:16:15,390
+can do whatever he wants to do. So what is the
+
+202
+00:16:15,390 --> 00:16:18,990
+attitude of the poet? Maybe he is envious. Yeah,
+
+203
+00:16:19,010 --> 00:16:24,250
+he is envious of the eagle. Why? Because he feels
+
+204
+00:16:24,250 --> 00:16:28,070
+that he is imprisoned and cannot do anything like
+
+205
+00:16:28,070 --> 00:16:34,260
+the eagle. So the eagle has the freedom So how did
+
+206
+00:16:34,260 --> 00:16:40,600
+you reach that interpretation? He can
+
+207
+00:16:40,600 --> 00:16:46,680
+see the wrinkles beneath him closed. So he can see
+
+208
+00:16:46,680 --> 00:16:50,880
+it's from when he's flying.
+
+209
+00:16:54,180 --> 00:16:58,800
+So yes. Do you think is it a positive or a
+
+210
+00:16:58,800 --> 00:17:02,440
+negative image of the eagle here? Positive. How do
+
+211
+00:17:02,440 --> 00:17:07,320
+you know it is positive? It is negative, yes? Like
+
+212
+00:17:07,320 --> 00:17:09,580
+Hughes, she says it's negative. What do you mean
+
+213
+00:17:09,580 --> 00:17:14,240
+by negative? Because he said close
+
+214
+00:17:14,240 --> 00:17:17,740
+to the sun in lonely hands. You see how the eagle
+
+215
+00:17:17,740 --> 00:17:21,860
+can be so close and raised so high in the sky, but
+
+216
+00:17:21,860 --> 00:17:26,180
+at the end he will fall. Yeah. He falls. He falls.
+
+217
+00:17:26,760 --> 00:17:32,080
+I think here he talks about the human eagle. Aha,
+
+218
+00:17:32,120 --> 00:17:36,700
+the human eagle. Yes. So man can rise and then
+
+219
+00:17:36,700 --> 00:17:39,960
+abruptly fall.
+
+220
+00:17:44,140 --> 00:17:47,220
+Okay, I think here, like here, the way he's
+
+221
+00:17:47,220 --> 00:17:50,760
+presenting the eagle is very majestic. You know,
+
+222
+00:17:50,960 --> 00:17:54,960
+his attitude is one of envy. Yes, you're right.
+
+223
+00:17:55,060 --> 00:17:59,220
+One of admiration. He's personifying the eagle. He
+
+224
+00:17:59,220 --> 00:18:03,390
+clasps. What does it mean, clasp? Look at the, you
+
+225
+00:18:03,390 --> 00:18:07,610
+know, the letters here. He clasps the crag. Look
+
+226
+00:18:07,610 --> 00:18:10,290
+at the alliteration. So all the alliteration has
+
+227
+00:18:10,290 --> 00:18:15,430
+to do with power. Power, you know, the powerful
+
+228
+00:18:15,430 --> 00:18:18,710
+clutch. He clasped the crag with crooked hands.
+
+229
+00:18:19,370 --> 00:18:24,480
+Crooked hands like this. Crooked hands. close to
+
+230
+00:18:24,480 --> 00:18:27,520
+the sun in lonely lands, and then he goes up
+
+231
+00:18:27,520 --> 00:18:31,280
+there, close to the, you know, up, up, ring with
+
+232
+00:18:31,280 --> 00:18:35,300
+the azure world, like the highest, you know, in
+
+233
+00:18:35,300 --> 00:18:40,740
+the highest atmosphere. The sea beneath him, you
+
+234
+00:18:40,740 --> 00:18:44,880
+know, is crawling. The sea beneath him is like a
+
+235
+00:18:44,880 --> 00:18:49,880
+child which is crawling, is weak, very feeble. So
+
+236
+00:18:49,880 --> 00:18:52,720
+look here, the power of the eagle is stressed.
+
+237
+00:18:53,610 --> 00:18:58,050
+Now, he watches from his mountain walls, and he
+
+238
+00:18:58,050 --> 00:19:02,490
+watches, and like a thunderbolt, he falls. So why
+
+239
+00:19:02,490 --> 00:19:03,850
+is he envious of the eagle?
+
+240
+00:19:08,470 --> 00:19:12,430
+Yes? Because he lacks what the eagle has, freedom,
+
+241
+00:19:12,690 --> 00:19:15,450
+the ability to catch and do things. And all of
+
+242
+00:19:15,450 --> 00:19:19,510
+this, yes, he lacks the freedom. So this is a
+
+243
+00:19:19,510 --> 00:19:25,530
+metaphoric expression of man's ability in the
+
+244
+00:19:25,530 --> 00:19:29,310
+Victorian Age to leave this sense of entrapment,
+
+245
+00:19:29,690 --> 00:19:32,910
+sense of imprisonment. They were psychologically
+
+246
+00:19:32,910 --> 00:19:36,580
+imprisoned. As you said, the intellectuals were
+
+247
+00:19:36,580 --> 00:19:40,720
+not given the chance. The intellectuals felt that
+
+248
+00:19:40,720 --> 00:19:46,560
+they were imprisoned by the emergent philosophies,
+
+249
+00:19:46,740 --> 00:19:51,740
+the emergent values, the church, the corruption,
+
+250
+00:19:52,620 --> 00:19:55,640
+the evil forces. Because when we are talking about
+
+251
+00:19:55,640 --> 00:19:59,600
+materialism, we are talking about the evil forces
+
+252
+00:19:59,600 --> 00:20:04,600
+that clash at night. you know, monopoly,
+
+253
+00:20:05,440 --> 00:20:11,260
+exploitation. Okay? So this is just... In this
+
+254
+00:20:11,260 --> 00:20:16,640
+short poem, Tennyson was trying to show that, you
+
+255
+00:20:16,640 --> 00:20:20,610
+know, the Victorian mind was crippled. You know,
+
+256
+00:20:21,390 --> 00:20:24,330
+you are not like the eagle. The eagle has the
+
+257
+00:20:24,330 --> 00:20:27,690
+freedom to go up, to come down, but you are
+
+258
+00:20:27,690 --> 00:20:31,610
+entrapped. You are psychologically entrapped. And
+
+259
+00:20:31,610 --> 00:20:33,970
+this shows how, you know, the people were
+
+260
+00:20:33,970 --> 00:20:39,070
+suffering. Matthew Arnold, in his poem, Dover
+
+261
+00:20:39,070 --> 00:20:42,630
+Beach, was looking for an answer. You know,
+
+262
+00:20:42,730 --> 00:20:47,650
+Matthew Arnold was looking for an answer. He
+
+263
+00:20:47,650 --> 00:20:48,110
+wanted
+
+264
+00:20:51,900 --> 00:20:57,040
+like people to change. So at the end of the poem,
+
+265
+00:20:57,100 --> 00:21:00,340
+he was crying. What was he crying? Matthew Arnold.
+
+266
+00:21:04,860 --> 00:21:11,340
+No, no. Have you ever read Dover Beach? Do you
+
+267
+00:21:11,340 --> 00:21:15,340
+know Dover Beach? Have you ever read Dover Beach?
+
+268
+00:21:22,140 --> 00:21:27,300
+Now, he cried, ah, love, let us be true to one
+
+269
+00:21:27,300 --> 00:21:33,600
+another for the world. I mean, in his poem, he
+
+270
+00:21:33,600 --> 00:21:38,300
+depicts, you know, clearly, an image of what was
+
+271
+00:21:38,300 --> 00:21:45,680
+the Victorian Age like. It was an age of richness
+
+272
+00:21:45,680 --> 00:21:54,990
+and misery. It was an age of many theories, but a
+
+273
+00:21:54,990 --> 00:22:01,990
+great deal of skepticism,
+
+274
+00:22:02,570 --> 00:22:02,830
+doubt.
+
+275
+00:22:05,770 --> 00:22:09,510
+So this is here, as you see in this poem.
+
+276
+00:22:12,650 --> 00:22:17,310
+He represents the Victorian Age. This is the past.
+
+277
+00:22:19,060 --> 00:22:23,920
+was okay. The past of the Victorian Age was okay.
+
+278
+00:22:25,140 --> 00:22:28,060
+I mean, the early Victorian Age was okay, but the
+
+279
+00:22:28,060 --> 00:22:33,180
+late Victorian Age was full of suffering, agony.
+
+280
+00:22:34,380 --> 00:22:39,480
+Here, the word he portrays is a deceptive word. A
+
+281
+00:22:39,480 --> 00:22:45,800
+word which was rich from the outside, but, you
+
+282
+00:22:45,800 --> 00:22:50,590
+know, impoverished from the inside.a world which
+
+283
+00:22:50,590 --> 00:22:55,790
+was beautiful, rich, like buildings, factories,
+
+284
+00:22:56,850 --> 00:22:59,530
+roads, the railway,
+
+285
+00:23:02,210 --> 00:23:07,850
+a lot of commercial transactions. So England
+
+286
+00:23:07,850 --> 00:23:11,450
+became the richest country in the world. Even
+
+287
+00:23:11,450 --> 00:23:16,150
+England became the empire because they became the
+
+288
+00:23:16,150 --> 00:23:23,030
+largest empire. It was at the expense of the
+
+289
+00:23:23,030 --> 00:23:27,890
+people themselves. The sea is calm tonight. The
+
+290
+00:23:27,890 --> 00:23:28,590
+tide is full.
+
+291
+00:23:31,570 --> 00:23:36,170
+Everything was beautiful. It's very romantic. The
+
+292
+00:23:36,170 --> 00:23:38,970
+sea is calm tonight. The tide is full. The moon
+
+293
+00:23:38,970 --> 00:23:42,070
+lights fair upon the straits on the French coast.
+
+294
+00:23:43,150 --> 00:23:45,890
+The light gleams on his gun, the cliffs of
+
+295
+00:23:45,890 --> 00:23:49,390
+England. So I think this reminds us of Wordsworth.
+
+296
+00:23:50,270 --> 00:23:53,290
+It's an image of harmony where everything is
+
+297
+00:23:53,290 --> 00:23:59,290
+glowing. And like, in fact, in this poem, he was
+
+298
+00:23:59,290 --> 00:24:03,850
+with his wife in a hotel near Dover Beach. And
+
+299
+00:24:03,850 --> 00:24:07,490
+suddenly he tells her, come, come. Come. Sweet is
+
+300
+00:24:07,490 --> 00:24:12,240
+the night air. Sweet is the night air. But
+
+301
+00:24:12,240 --> 00:24:18,300
+suddenly he heard a voice. Only from the line of
+
+302
+00:24:18,300 --> 00:24:23,360
+spray where the sea meets the moon, blanched land.
+
+303
+00:24:23,680 --> 00:24:29,240
+Listen, you hear the grating roar. What is the
+
+304
+00:24:29,240 --> 00:24:33,680
+grating roar? Of the pebbles. You know, because
+
+305
+00:24:33,680 --> 00:24:36,480
+the waves are throwing the pebbles, the stones.
+
+306
+00:24:36,980 --> 00:24:43,510
+And what does this make? Grating roar. You know?
+
+307
+00:24:44,030 --> 00:24:49,230
+And this contradicts with what? Contradicts with
+
+308
+00:24:49,230 --> 00:24:53,370
+the serenity, the tranquility of the sea is gone.
+
+309
+00:24:54,470 --> 00:25:01,750
+So metaphorically, he wanted to show how the
+
+310
+00:25:01,750 --> 00:25:04,230
+Victorian Age was from the outside lovely,
+
+311
+00:25:04,990 --> 00:25:10,140
+beautiful, but from the inside, It was terrible,
+
+312
+00:25:10,720 --> 00:25:17,480
+you know? So the Great Engrower is a
+
+313
+00:25:17,480 --> 00:25:22,500
+metaphor of the withdrawal of religion, the
+
+314
+00:25:22,500 --> 00:25:28,640
+withdrawal of the moral values, and the advent of
+
+315
+00:25:28,640 --> 00:25:36,100
+selfishness, hypocrisy, abuses, you know? So he
+
+316
+00:25:36,100 --> 00:25:37,940
+did that in a very good way.
+
+317
+00:25:43,410 --> 00:25:46,730
+And this begins and ceases. It is monotonous. It
+
+318
+00:25:46,730 --> 00:25:50,670
+begins and ceases. You know, it is persistent. It
+
+319
+00:25:50,670 --> 00:25:54,510
+is not just one time. It is persistent. It keeps
+
+320
+00:25:54,510 --> 00:25:58,590
+revisiting. Begins and ceases and then begins
+
+321
+00:25:58,590 --> 00:26:01,530
+again with tremulous cadence. It is not
+
+322
+00:26:01,530 --> 00:26:05,570
+systematic. So when something is not systematic,
+
+323
+00:26:05,890 --> 00:26:10,060
+it is not unexpected. It is abrupt. And then it
+
+324
+00:26:10,060 --> 00:26:14,180
+brings the eternal note of sadness. This makes me
+
+325
+00:26:14,180 --> 00:26:19,700
+sad. It reminds me. So the sound of the waves
+
+326
+00:26:19,700 --> 00:26:25,320
+throwing the pebbles reminds him of what? It made
+
+327
+00:26:25,320 --> 00:26:31,060
+him sad. Why? What did this sound remind him of?
+
+328
+00:26:31,200 --> 00:26:34,320
+It reminded him of the problems of the Victorian
+
+329
+00:26:34,320 --> 00:26:38,150
+Age. It made him sad. Because sometimes when you
+
+330
+00:26:38,150 --> 00:26:45,290
+see something lovely, okay? Okay. You forget your
+
+331
+00:26:45,290 --> 00:26:48,450
+trouble, like what happened to Wordsworth, and my
+
+332
+00:26:48,450 --> 00:26:50,970
+heart dances with the devils. But here, when he
+
+333
+00:26:50,970 --> 00:26:56,130
+heard this roaring sound, he remembered the
+
+334
+00:26:56,130 --> 00:27:00,010
+problems, the corruption, the problems of his age,
+
+335
+00:27:00,310 --> 00:27:03,690
+and he started complaining. He became very sad.
+
+336
+00:27:04,540 --> 00:27:08,100
+And he started to generalize that by saying,
+
+337
+00:27:08,600 --> 00:27:14,580
+Sophocles, long ago, heard it. This eternal
+
+338
+00:27:14,580 --> 00:27:19,060
+sadness, this note, this sadness is there. As if
+
+339
+00:27:19,060 --> 00:27:22,040
+he wants to say, this sadness, the corruption, the
+
+340
+00:27:22,040 --> 00:27:25,520
+abuses have been there since the dawn of history.
+
+341
+00:27:26,520 --> 00:27:29,560
+See? And Sophocles, do you know anything about
+
+342
+00:27:29,560 --> 00:27:35,480
+Sophocles? Sophocles. He was a Greek, playwright,
+
+343
+00:27:35,940 --> 00:27:42,720
+philosopher. What did he write? Oedipus? Antigone?
+
+344
+00:27:44,020 --> 00:27:47,040
+Have you heard of Antigone? I'll be telling you
+
+345
+00:27:47,040 --> 00:27:53,020
+later because I think here we have an illusion of
+
+346
+00:27:53,020 --> 00:28:02,750
+Antigone who was a lady who was engaged to her
+
+347
+00:28:02,750 --> 00:28:06,670
+cousin, but her cousin, I mean, Phyllis, I think,
+
+348
+00:28:07,390 --> 00:28:10,710
+wanted to protest against his uncle, the king, I
+
+349
+00:28:10,710 --> 00:28:15,930
+mean, the father of Antigone. So he, the king
+
+350
+00:28:15,930 --> 00:28:21,490
+sentenced him to death and ordered that his body
+
+351
+00:28:21,490 --> 00:28:26,120
+should not be buried. So Antigone was in a moral
+
+352
+00:28:26,120 --> 00:28:31,580
+conflict whether to obey her father, you see the
+
+353
+00:28:31,580 --> 00:28:36,200
+orders of her uncle, father, you know, it is
+
+354
+00:28:36,200 --> 00:28:41,980
+uncle, sorry, not father, or to bury her, you
+
+355
+00:28:41,980 --> 00:28:47,140
+know, the body of her brother. And finally, she
+
+356
+00:28:47,140 --> 00:28:50,520
+decided to bury. She was herself, you know,
+
+357
+00:28:50,580 --> 00:28:54,690
+executed. She was the fiancé of you know, the
+
+358
+00:28:54,690 --> 00:28:57,870
+king's son. So the king was in a moral conflict
+
+359
+00:28:57,870 --> 00:29:01,630
+also. You know what's been a moral conflict? It's
+
+360
+00:29:01,630 --> 00:29:05,230
+a conflict between two rights, whether to respect,
+
+361
+00:29:05,490 --> 00:29:10,750
+you know, the law of his country or to respect his
+
+362
+00:29:10,750 --> 00:29:14,110
+own feelings and passion. But finally, so it is a
+
+363
+00:29:14,110 --> 00:29:20,350
+story of death, sadness. This is the allusion in
+
+364
+00:29:20,350 --> 00:29:21,090
+this poem.
+
+365
+00:29:24,180 --> 00:29:27,600
+And he said, we also find, we here in England, we
+
+366
+00:29:27,600 --> 00:29:32,660
+find this note of human misery. The sea of faith,
+
+367
+00:29:32,860 --> 00:29:35,420
+and here, this is very essential, the sea of
+
+368
+00:29:35,420 --> 00:29:40,160
+faith. The sea of faith. What does he mean by the
+
+369
+00:29:40,160 --> 00:29:44,160
+sea of faith? Because here, we're talking about a
+
+370
+00:29:44,160 --> 00:29:49,260
+metaphoric sea. The sea of faith should what?
+
+371
+00:29:49,320 --> 00:29:53,340
+Should have fish? Fish and chips? What is the sea
+
+372
+00:29:53,340 --> 00:29:58,160
+of faith? What do you think? If we assume that we
+
+373
+00:29:58,160 --> 00:30:02,740
+have a sea of faith, what would it be like? The
+
+374
+00:30:02,740 --> 00:30:08,660
+sea of faith religion? Morality? Values? So let's
+
+375
+00:30:08,660 --> 00:30:12,460
+say if we have the sea of faith as full, so it
+
+376
+00:30:12,460 --> 00:30:18,580
+means we have love? Respect, piety, passion,
+
+377
+00:30:19,340 --> 00:30:24,260
+compassion. Okay, we have all this. Now when the
+
+378
+00:30:24,260 --> 00:30:27,120
+sea of faith is full, it means people, we have a
+
+379
+00:30:27,120 --> 00:30:30,000
+good society. But when the sea of faith is
+
+380
+00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:33,600
+retreating, it's a problem. So how was the sea of
+
+381
+00:30:33,600 --> 00:30:37,360
+faith in England during the late Victorian period?
+
+382
+00:30:38,580 --> 00:30:42,260
+How was it? It was like there was no sea of faith.
+
+383
+00:30:42,580 --> 00:30:46,500
+It was retreating. It was evaporating. And this is
+
+384
+00:30:46,500 --> 00:30:50,880
+what happened here. The sea of faith was once two
+
+385
+00:30:50,880 --> 00:30:56,080
+at the full round earth shore, lay like the folds
+
+386
+00:30:56,080 --> 00:30:59,840
+of bright girded fern. It was full. At the
+
+387
+00:30:59,840 --> 00:31:02,980
+beginning of the Victorian Age, the sea of faith
+
+388
+00:31:02,980 --> 00:31:08,290
+was full. But now, this is the problem. Now, I
+
+389
+00:31:08,290 --> 00:31:13,030
+hear its melancholy, long-withdrawing roar,
+
+390
+00:31:14,970 --> 00:31:20,730
+retreating to the breath. It is retreating, like
+
+391
+00:31:20,730 --> 00:31:28,290
+evaporating of the night down the vast, you know,
+
+392
+00:31:28,410 --> 00:31:33,450
+edges. It is evaporating and naked shingles of the
+
+393
+00:31:33,450 --> 00:31:37,700
+world and it leaves us like Uncovered,
+
+394
+00:31:37,760 --> 00:31:38,380
+unprotected.
+
+395
+00:31:41,240 --> 00:31:45,040
+Then this is what he's calling, how can we
+
+396
+00:31:45,040 --> 00:31:50,960
+overcome this problem or dilemma? He's calling a
+
+397
+00:31:50,960 --> 00:31:55,860
+love. A love, people, friends, you know, let us be
+
+398
+00:31:55,860 --> 00:32:01,490
+true. to one another. Let us be true. For the
+
+399
+00:32:01,490 --> 00:32:04,570
+world, this is the Victorian Age. This is how the
+
+400
+00:32:04,570 --> 00:32:08,470
+Victorian Age was. For the world, which seems to
+
+401
+00:32:08,470 --> 00:32:13,830
+lie before us like a land with dreams. That was
+
+402
+00:32:13,830 --> 00:32:17,650
+the, exactly, that was, you know, a perfect
+
+403
+00:32:17,650 --> 00:32:21,210
+expression of the Victorian Age. It was like the
+
+404
+00:32:21,210 --> 00:32:23,610
+land of dreams. What is like the land of dreams?
+
+405
+00:32:26,260 --> 00:32:32,480
+So what distinguishes the land of dream? It's
+
+406
+00:32:32,480 --> 00:32:37,380
+beautiful? It's beautiful. It's attractive, but it
+
+407
+00:32:37,380 --> 00:32:44,220
+is unreal. It is deceptive. It is illusive. That
+
+408
+00:32:44,220 --> 00:32:47,680
+was the Victorian Age. He was referring to the
+
+409
+00:32:47,680 --> 00:32:53,820
+beauty, to the richness of the age, but It was,
+
+410
+00:32:55,120 --> 00:32:58,840
+you know, from the inside, it was hollow. People
+
+411
+00:32:58,840 --> 00:33:01,880
+didn't have the faith. It was hollow.
+
+412
+00:33:05,080 --> 00:33:08,160
+And Allah let us be true to one another for the
+
+413
+00:33:08,160 --> 00:33:11,620
+world which seems to lie before us like a land of
+
+414
+00:33:11,620 --> 00:33:15,620
+dreams, so various, so beautiful, so new. It was
+
+415
+00:33:15,620 --> 00:33:19,900
+rich. Buildings, institutions, factories, plants.
+
+416
+00:33:20,100 --> 00:33:24,440
+It was rich. And if you go to England now, so it
+
+417
+00:33:24,440 --> 00:33:27,640
+is still Victorian. Because the Victorian, you
+
+418
+00:33:27,640 --> 00:33:31,200
+know, most of the roads and the buildings were
+
+419
+00:33:31,200 --> 00:33:35,140
+Victorian. So the Victorian Age was like the age
+
+420
+00:33:35,140 --> 00:33:38,970
+of the empire itself. So various, so beautiful, so
+
+421
+00:33:38,970 --> 00:33:43,970
+new. Has really no joy. So here he is diagnosing.
+
+422
+00:33:44,230 --> 00:33:49,730
+It has no joy, nor love, nor light. As if he is
+
+423
+00:33:49,730 --> 00:33:54,130
+trying to tell us, no social cooperation, no
+
+424
+00:33:54,130 --> 00:33:57,670
+social conjugation, no love, no light, no
+
+425
+00:33:57,670 --> 00:33:58,070
+religion.
+
+426
+00:34:01,250 --> 00:34:04,510
+No certitude. It's an age of skepticism because of
+
+427
+00:34:04,510 --> 00:34:07,390
+these theories. The theories of Darwin, the
+
+428
+00:34:07,390 --> 00:34:11,090
+theories of Huxley, the theories of Tyndale. Like
+
+429
+00:34:11,090 --> 00:34:14,690
+all those who are scientists who said even if one
+
+430
+00:34:14,690 --> 00:34:18,310
+man dies, the body will disintegrate and that's
+
+431
+00:34:18,310 --> 00:34:19,010
+it. This is the end.
+
+432
+00:34:22,900 --> 00:34:26,940
+No certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain. And we
+
+433
+00:34:26,940 --> 00:34:31,340
+are here, as on a darkened plain, swept. We are
+
+434
+00:34:31,340 --> 00:34:35,640
+victims. We are swept with the confused alarm of
+
+435
+00:34:35,640 --> 00:34:40,860
+struggle and flight. It's a metonymy of the forces
+
+436
+00:34:40,860 --> 00:34:45,060
+of evil, the forces of exploitation, the forces of
+
+437
+00:34:45,060 --> 00:34:49,420
+monopoly. where ignorant armies clash at night,
+
+438
+00:34:49,580 --> 00:34:52,720
+where they're planning against us. So that was the
+
+439
+00:34:52,720 --> 00:34:57,740
+Victorian Age. It was an age of corruption,
+
+440
+00:34:58,140 --> 00:35:03,160
+hypocrisy, skepticism, an age of, you know, lack
+
+441
+00:35:03,160 --> 00:35:09,860
+of certitude. But it was rich. Okay. Now,
+
+442
+00:35:10,640 --> 00:35:15,150
+Tennyson, as we said, As we said in the poem,
+
+443
+00:35:15,250 --> 00:35:19,310
+Eagle, he was like, all those intellectual people
+
+444
+00:35:19,310 --> 00:35:23,790
+were, they had this feeling of entrapment. So they
+
+445
+00:35:23,790 --> 00:35:26,530
+wrote poetry to capture the spirit of the age.
+
+446
+00:35:27,650 --> 00:35:31,030
+Now, I hope that today's lecture is only an
+
+447
+00:35:31,030 --> 00:35:34,310
+introduction to Hardy because Hardy was a
+
+448
+00:35:34,310 --> 00:35:36,690
+Victorian poet,
+
+449
+00:35:37,810 --> 00:35:42,240
+you know, who wrote who started his career by
+
+450
+00:35:42,240 --> 00:35:46,000
+writing novels, but he ended his career by writing
+
+451
+00:35:46,000 --> 00:35:49,820
+poetry because he thought poetry gives the
+
+452
+00:35:49,820 --> 00:35:52,420
+messages quickly. So next time, we're going to
+
+453
+00:35:52,420 --> 00:35:55,920
+study Hardy, The Oxen. But this time, we're going
+
+454
+00:35:55,920 --> 00:36:01,300
+to conduct stylistic analysis. Okay? If you look
+
+455
+00:36:01,300 --> 00:36:06,760
+at Hardy, there is stylistic analysis. Okay? It
+
+456
+00:36:06,760 --> 00:36:10,600
+will be your presentation. Good. So thank you very
+
+457
+00:36:10,600 --> 00:36:14,620
+much. Do you have any question? Okay, get ready
+
+458
+00:36:14,620 --> 00:36:18,880
+for the quiz. So I'm giving the quiz at any time
+
+459
+00:36:18,880 --> 00:36:25,900
+starting from, you know, the quiz I told you, I'm
+
+460
+00:36:25,900 --> 00:36:28,820
+going to give you a line or two from the tiger and
+
+461
+00:36:28,820 --> 00:36:31,320
+you have to, you know, make a sketch into them.
+
+462
+00:36:33,960 --> 00:36:40,510
+You know, I told you. Okay, so I'm telling you I
+
+463
+00:36:40,510 --> 00:36:45,250
+might give you any line, you know, to scan it to
+
+464
+00:36:45,250 --> 00:36:52,430
+make, you know, the scansion of the line. You have
+
+465
+00:36:52,430 --> 00:36:55,650
+to study. I know I didn't tell you anything. You
+
+466
+00:36:55,650 --> 00:36:57,750
+have to research. You have to learn yourself,
+
+467
+00:36:58,330 --> 00:37:01,870
+okay, about the meter. And then here I'll give you
+
+468
+00:37:01,870 --> 00:37:06,450
+five minutes, two lines, you know, just to show
+
+469
+00:37:06,450 --> 00:37:10,930
+the meter, and that's it. Okay, yes. Thank you
+
+470
+00:37:10,930 --> 00:37:12,170
+very much and take care.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/GEkz0b8NxJM_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2248 @@
+1
+00:00:14,200 --> 00:00:21,240
+Okay, good morning everybody. How are you? Good.
+
+2
+00:00:21,740 --> 00:00:25,480
+How was like the rain last night? Beautiful.
+
+3
+00:00:27,740 --> 00:00:28,380
+Boring?
+
+4
+00:00:31,990 --> 00:00:36,010
+Yeah, I know, like, so the drones were like very
+
+5
+00:00:36,010 --> 00:00:39,270
+noisy. And we thought that they would stop last
+
+6
+00:00:39,270 --> 00:00:44,650
+night, but they didn't stop. Anyway, forget about
+
+7
+00:00:44,650 --> 00:00:51,050
+the drones. Let's live winter. And let's live
+
+8
+00:00:51,050 --> 00:00:56,290
+poetry classes. Today, we're planning, I'm
+
+9
+00:00:56,290 --> 00:01:01,480
+planning to reconsider the two poems because I
+
+10
+00:01:01,480 --> 00:01:06,900
+thought we should have another go on the two poems
+
+11
+00:01:06,900 --> 00:01:12,580
+from the aesthetic point of view and also the
+
+12
+00:01:12,580 --> 00:01:16,820
+thematic point of view. But first, as usual, we
+
+13
+00:01:16,820 --> 00:01:21,680
+need to listen to one or two students reporting
+
+14
+00:01:21,680 --> 00:01:27,780
+about the previous class. Yes, please come. There,
+
+15
+00:01:27,860 --> 00:01:28,200
+the lady.
+
+16
+00:01:35,340 --> 00:01:41,280
+You just come here. Come here. Come here. Come,
+
+17
+00:01:41,380 --> 00:01:46,130
+come. Okay. Last lecture, I was absent, which was
+
+18
+00:01:46,130 --> 00:01:49,510
+against my will. I knew from one of the classmates
+
+19
+00:01:49,510 --> 00:01:52,810
+that Dr. Habib asked a few girls to read their
+
+20
+00:01:52,810 --> 00:01:56,750
+reports, their daily reports, but they didn't. I
+
+21
+00:01:56,750 --> 00:02:02,070
+was in their place one time, but only because I
+
+22
+00:02:02,070 --> 00:02:05,610
+didn't know how to write the daily report. Now I
+
+23
+00:02:05,610 --> 00:02:09,190
+practice and I think I'm getting better by time.
+
+24
+00:02:09,790 --> 00:02:12,410
+Now let's go for Shakespeare. I really like
+
+25
+00:02:12,410 --> 00:02:16,490
+Shakespeare. Every time his name been heard, I
+
+26
+00:02:16,490 --> 00:02:20,250
+hear his name or I write it or even I read it. I
+
+27
+00:02:20,250 --> 00:02:23,010
+feel that feeling inside me tells me that he is
+
+28
+00:02:23,010 --> 00:02:27,460
+the greatest poet in the world. There was a news
+
+29
+00:02:27,460 --> 00:02:31,120
+that there is a new movie says that Shakespeare is
+
+30
+00:02:31,120 --> 00:02:33,740
+not the original writer of his works. I
+
+31
+00:02:33,740 --> 00:02:37,120
+immediately denied that. I think he is a great
+
+32
+00:02:37,120 --> 00:02:41,100
+writer and I will always think like that. I can't
+
+33
+00:02:41,100 --> 00:02:44,080
+wait to start the new sonnet of Shakespeare. Okay,
+
+34
+00:02:44,180 --> 00:02:44,920
+thank you very much.
+
+35
+00:02:48,730 --> 00:02:51,870
+Yes, Jihan, you want to exonerate yourself. You
+
+36
+00:02:51,870 --> 00:02:54,430
+know what it means, exonerate? Like to acquit
+
+37
+00:02:54,430 --> 00:02:59,550
+yourself when you are in a court and you commit a
+
+38
+00:02:59,550 --> 00:03:01,890
+mistake. Then you say, no, it's not me. I was
+
+39
+00:03:01,890 --> 00:03:05,190
+like, so you excuse yourself. I don't blame
+
+40
+00:03:05,190 --> 00:03:08,910
+myself. I blame time. You blame time. She's
+
+41
+00:03:08,910 --> 00:03:12,710
+blaming time. But time not like here. It is very
+
+42
+00:03:12,710 --> 00:03:18,120
+tough here. Okay. TikTok surrounds the clock, so
+
+43
+00:03:18,120 --> 00:03:20,960
+rapid did time fly. I'm still in shock. Better in
+
+44
+00:03:20,960 --> 00:03:23,760
+days when I am attending, though not as reckful as
+
+45
+00:03:23,760 --> 00:03:26,720
+when I'm not. Work sickness all subject to decay.
+
+46
+00:03:27,380 --> 00:03:32,000
+Even lectures in uni will in my memory rot. Though
+
+47
+00:03:32,000 --> 00:03:34,200
+I am back to the battlefield, so nowhere is
+
+48
+00:03:34,200 --> 00:03:37,760
+Shakespeare your poetry or not. Okay, thank you
+
+49
+00:03:37,760 --> 00:03:40,900
+very much. I think, you know, by time management,
+
+50
+00:03:41,900 --> 00:03:45,580
+we can overcome this problem. I know you're busy,
+
+51
+00:03:45,780 --> 00:03:49,600
+Jihan, but if you manage your time very well,
+
+52
+00:03:49,960 --> 00:03:55,650
+you'll be okay. Some people are Yeah, time is
+
+53
+00:03:55,650 --> 00:03:58,150
+cruel. Time is passing quickly. However, if you
+
+54
+00:03:58,150 --> 00:04:01,630
+manage your time, you know, I think you will
+
+55
+00:04:01,630 --> 00:04:04,170
+conquer time. And this is like what Shakespeare
+
+56
+00:04:04,170 --> 00:04:07,610
+never thought of. So he thought he would manage
+
+57
+00:04:07,610 --> 00:04:09,970
+his time or he would manage time or he would
+
+58
+00:04:09,970 --> 00:04:13,150
+conquer time by writing poetry. And I think to
+
+59
+00:04:13,150 --> 00:04:19,610
+some extent he was right. Okay. Is anybody
+
+60
+00:04:19,610 --> 00:04:23,880
+willing, like, Again, you want to exonerate
+
+61
+00:04:23,880 --> 00:04:25,700
+yourself. Please come. Okay.
+
+62
+00:04:32,140 --> 00:04:36,640
+So I have to be tough in order to be kind. Okay.
+
+63
+00:04:36,700 --> 00:04:40,770
+Yes. I miss the law, but I won't miss the rest. I
+
+64
+00:04:40,770 --> 00:04:43,030
+know that I was such a passive girl, but that will
+
+65
+00:04:43,030 --> 00:04:47,370
+turn to be from the past. As we know that every
+
+66
+00:04:47,370 --> 00:04:50,630
+culture has a start, a peak, and a catastrophe.
+
+67
+00:04:51,150 --> 00:04:54,470
+Sometimes we are to be the same, to begin the
+
+68
+00:04:54,470 --> 00:04:57,850
+semester as achievers and finish it with a sign of
+
+69
+00:04:57,850 --> 00:05:01,030
+failure. If things can have another track. We just
+
+70
+00:05:01,030 --> 00:05:03,570
+need the courage, the will, and the vision so we
+
+71
+00:05:03,570 --> 00:05:08,370
+can be a way from what disappoints and aborts us.
+
+72
+00:05:09,110 --> 00:05:13,170
+It's just a matter of moments, of being frank with
+
+73
+00:05:13,170 --> 00:05:18,130
+yourself, so everyone can know what is to be done
+
+74
+00:05:18,130 --> 00:05:20,750
+and what is not. It's just a matter of people
+
+75
+00:05:20,750 --> 00:05:25,230
+around you who tend to abort or encourage you. So
+
+76
+00:05:25,230 --> 00:05:28,630
+be positive, have the courage, speak up, face your
+
+77
+00:05:28,630 --> 00:05:32,190
+problems, then have a great day. Okay, thank you
+
+78
+00:05:32,190 --> 00:05:36,130
+very much. This reminds me of a poem, you know,
+
+79
+00:05:36,190 --> 00:05:38,770
+you might have studied in Tawjihi, which says, be
+
+80
+00:05:38,770 --> 00:05:42,610
+strong. We're not here to play, to dream, to
+
+81
+00:05:42,610 --> 00:05:46,450
+drift. We have hard work to do and loads to lift.
+
+82
+00:05:46,970 --> 00:05:51,410
+Yes, one should be realistic. One should manage
+
+83
+00:05:51,410 --> 00:05:56,630
+his or her time and work hard because tomorrow
+
+84
+00:05:56,630 --> 00:06:02,020
+will come the smile. You're fretting today. You
+
+85
+00:06:02,020 --> 00:06:06,360
+might be sick coming to class. You might be tired.
+
+86
+00:06:06,980 --> 00:06:12,080
+But I think everything is considered. Let's see. I
+
+87
+00:06:12,080 --> 00:06:16,020
+don't want to waste time also talking about
+
+88
+00:06:16,020 --> 00:06:17,760
+general issues.
+
+89
+00:06:20,740 --> 00:06:23,500
+Shall I compare it to a summer's day? We looked at
+
+90
+00:06:23,500 --> 00:06:27,560
+it, we listened to the song, and we looked at the
+
+91
+00:06:27,560 --> 00:06:29,940
+aesthetics. But today I'm asking different
+
+92
+00:06:29,940 --> 00:06:33,260
+questions. After reading the two poems, we
+
+93
+00:06:33,260 --> 00:06:37,570
+discovered that Shakespeare was writing on the
+
+94
+00:06:37,570 --> 00:06:41,670
+same theme, which was like the immortality of his
+
+95
+00:06:41,670 --> 00:06:46,190
+poetry. So in the two poems, So Long As Lives This
+
+96
+00:06:46,190 --> 00:06:50,610
+And Gives Life To Thee, and like in the other
+
+97
+00:06:50,610 --> 00:06:56,230
+poem, he was like vowing that nothing will
+
+98
+00:06:56,230 --> 00:07:03,250
+immortalize his friend, None unless this miracle
+
+99
+00:07:03,250 --> 00:07:08,230
+have might that in black ink my love shine bright.
+
+100
+00:07:09,010 --> 00:07:12,610
+So Shakespeare in the two poems is writing about
+
+101
+00:07:12,610 --> 00:07:16,850
+his poetry, in fact. It's about his poetry. Yes,
+
+102
+00:07:16,850 --> 00:07:19,790
+he's trying to immortalize the beauty of his
+
+103
+00:07:19,790 --> 00:07:22,880
+friend. He's trying to immortalize the memory of
+
+104
+00:07:22,880 --> 00:07:27,560
+his friend in the second. But if you look deeply
+
+105
+00:07:27,560 --> 00:07:31,060
+and you look at Shakespeare's intent, he was, in
+
+106
+00:07:31,060 --> 00:07:35,620
+fact, trying to show that his poetry will be
+
+107
+00:07:35,620 --> 00:07:38,680
+immortal. And I think in the two poems, he was
+
+108
+00:07:38,680 --> 00:07:43,400
+bragging that his poetry would live and would
+
+109
+00:07:43,400 --> 00:07:46,780
+immortalize him. So far, Shakespeare is right
+
+110
+00:07:46,780 --> 00:07:49,280
+because we're reading him. Shakespeare, you know,
+
+111
+00:07:49,300 --> 00:07:49,800
+sometimes,
+
+112
+00:07:52,870 --> 00:07:57,090
+can be thought of as England, and England thought
+
+113
+00:07:57,090 --> 00:07:59,430
+of Shakespeare, so if you go England, Shakespeare.
+
+114
+00:07:59,750 --> 00:08:05,130
+So they are connected with each other. Okay, let's
+
+115
+00:08:05,130 --> 00:08:08,150
+look at the poems again. Shall I Compare Thee to
+
+116
+00:08:08,150 --> 00:08:14,270
+Summer's Day? I think this is, as we said, it is a
+
+117
+00:08:14,270 --> 00:08:17,570
+rhetorical question. Shall I compare thee to a
+
+118
+00:08:17,570 --> 00:08:21,440
+summer's day? Now this rhetorical question, he
+
+119
+00:08:21,440 --> 00:08:26,140
+started his poem by a rhetorical question. And
+
+120
+00:08:26,140 --> 00:08:29,380
+Shakespeare was an orator. Shakespeare was a
+
+121
+00:08:29,380 --> 00:08:32,720
+writer for the theater. He was an actor himself.
+
+122
+00:08:33,320 --> 00:08:37,120
+And we should read this poem as if we were on the
+
+123
+00:08:37,120 --> 00:08:41,090
+stage. Okay? We shouldn't read this poem like,
+
+124
+00:08:41,390 --> 00:08:43,270
+shall I compare thee to a summer's day? No, it
+
+125
+00:08:43,270 --> 00:08:46,590
+should be, shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
+
+126
+00:08:46,650 --> 00:08:50,090
+You have to use body language. You have to feel
+
+127
+00:08:50,090 --> 00:08:53,950
+what you are reading. So if we read this, shall I
+
+128
+00:08:53,950 --> 00:08:59,110
+compare thee to a summer's day? Like, what does
+
+129
+00:08:59,110 --> 00:09:03,770
+this rhetorical question imply? Shall I compare
+
+130
+00:09:03,770 --> 00:09:08,700
+thee to a summer's day? What does it imply? Yes?
+
+131
+00:09:10,100 --> 00:09:13,600
+It is impossible to compare. It is impossible to
+
+132
+00:09:13,600 --> 00:09:17,120
+compare, you know? But more, it is impossible to
+
+133
+00:09:17,120 --> 00:09:21,320
+compare. You know, it is unlikely to compare. It
+
+134
+00:09:21,320 --> 00:09:25,120
+is unlikely to compare. What else? Despair.
+
+135
+00:09:28,460 --> 00:09:31,600
+You know, he's like confused, you want to say?
+
+136
+00:09:31,980 --> 00:09:35,040
+Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? But look
+
+137
+00:09:35,040 --> 00:09:37,640
+at the second line. What does he say in the second
+
+138
+00:09:37,640 --> 00:09:43,480
+line? What does he say in the second line? Okay,
+
+139
+00:09:43,620 --> 00:09:46,880
+what does he say in the second line? Thou are more
+
+140
+00:09:46,880 --> 00:09:51,080
+lovely and more temperate. So I think asking this
+
+141
+00:09:51,080 --> 00:09:56,900
+question implies that She is beyond comparison. Or
+
+142
+00:09:56,900 --> 00:10:00,980
+he, his friend, is beyond comparison. So the
+
+143
+00:10:00,980 --> 00:10:05,560
+rhetorical question, it is a kind of exaggeration.
+
+144
+00:10:05,620 --> 00:10:09,340
+He's exaggerating the beauty of the friend. What
+
+145
+00:10:09,340 --> 00:10:13,840
+is he trying to say? That your beauty is beyond
+
+146
+00:10:13,840 --> 00:10:17,420
+any comparison. Shall I compare thee to a summer's
+
+147
+00:10:17,420 --> 00:10:20,980
+day? And I think he should be wagging like this.
+
+148
+00:10:21,560 --> 00:10:27,030
+No. You are beyond comparison. They are more
+
+149
+00:10:27,030 --> 00:10:31,810
+lovely and more temperate. They are more lovely
+
+150
+00:10:31,810 --> 00:10:36,690
+and temperate. It is an assertion. They are. You
+
+151
+00:10:36,690 --> 00:10:40,110
+are. So when we are using you are not you maybe
+
+152
+00:10:40,110 --> 00:10:46,170
+you are more lovely and more temperate. Of course
+
+153
+00:10:46,170 --> 00:10:49,270
+here it is like contrasting. He is contrasting.
+
+154
+00:10:49,940 --> 00:10:52,780
+And we said when somebody is contrasting, he's
+
+155
+00:10:52,780 --> 00:10:57,240
+showing the differences. They are more lovely and
+
+156
+00:10:57,240 --> 00:11:00,480
+more temperate. I think there is a metaphor here
+
+157
+00:11:00,480 --> 00:11:07,440
+running. What is the metaphor? Yes. What is
+
+158
+00:11:07,440 --> 00:11:16,870
+Shakespeare comparing him to? To what? What is he
+
+159
+00:11:16,870 --> 00:11:21,230
+comparing, you know, the beauty of his friend to?
+
+160
+00:11:21,890 --> 00:11:25,090
+Yes? To the summer's day. To the summer's day.
+
+161
+00:11:25,230 --> 00:11:28,930
+Yes, you're right. But he refused to compare it.
+
+162
+00:11:29,430 --> 00:11:31,870
+No, but he's contrasting, you know, but I mean,
+
+163
+00:11:31,990 --> 00:11:34,830
+because of the sake of the analogy. So he's trying
+
+164
+00:11:34,830 --> 00:11:38,410
+to compare, you know, the day with. But he's
+
+165
+00:11:38,410 --> 00:11:44,690
+contrasting, in fact. Yes. Now, summer, or
+
+166
+00:11:44,690 --> 00:11:48,530
+summer's day might be temperate or not temperate
+
+167
+00:11:48,530 --> 00:11:51,550
+because in England. So if you are talking about
+
+168
+00:11:51,550 --> 00:11:56,230
+he, the friend, is more temperate, this should be
+
+169
+00:11:56,230 --> 00:12:01,710
+a metaphor. Yes? Now they are more temperate. So
+
+170
+00:12:01,710 --> 00:12:07,730
+look here, his friend is being considered as
+
+171
+00:12:07,730 --> 00:12:12,570
+summer in a metaphoric sense. I want you, like, to
+
+172
+00:12:12,570 --> 00:12:15,350
+bear this in mind when you go at the end of the
+
+173
+00:12:15,350 --> 00:12:21,190
+poem, when he's telling him, thy summer. So there
+
+174
+00:12:21,190 --> 00:12:25,070
+is a development in the poem from summer, you
+
+175
+00:12:25,070 --> 00:12:27,370
+know, as being metaphoric into a real summer.
+
+176
+00:12:28,390 --> 00:12:33,030
+Okay. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of
+
+177
+00:12:33,030 --> 00:12:37,890
+May. Very frightening. Why? Very frightening. Yes?
+
+178
+00:12:40,910 --> 00:12:44,230
+Okay, yes, the image itself is very frightening.
+
+179
+00:12:44,830 --> 00:12:49,550
+So if we look, you know, rough ones, like first of
+
+180
+00:12:49,550 --> 00:12:55,450
+all, this is a multi-layer figure of speech. Rough
+
+181
+00:12:55,450 --> 00:13:00,050
+ones, you know, rough ones are being seen like
+
+182
+00:13:00,050 --> 00:13:04,800
+what? A tough person who is shaking, Of what? The
+
+183
+00:13:04,800 --> 00:13:09,240
+trees causing the buds to fall down. So it's an
+
+184
+00:13:09,240 --> 00:13:14,240
+image of, you know, sabotage. It is an image of
+
+185
+00:13:14,240 --> 00:13:16,860
+destruction, you know, sabotage, destruction.
+
+186
+00:13:17,340 --> 00:13:22,240
+Okay, violence. But if you think, and then, you
+
+187
+00:13:22,240 --> 00:13:24,780
+know, the buds of May, you know, like small,
+
+188
+00:13:25,140 --> 00:13:29,640
+they're joining, newly growing. However, we might
+
+189
+00:13:29,640 --> 00:13:35,380
+also Think of this as, you know, a metaphor. When
+
+190
+00:13:35,380 --> 00:13:39,040
+we say rough winds do shake, rough winds are being
+
+191
+00:13:39,040 --> 00:13:44,140
+compared to what? To an earthquake, which is
+
+192
+00:13:44,140 --> 00:13:49,520
+shaking. Again, it is an image of death. Look how
+
+193
+00:13:49,520 --> 00:13:52,360
+Shakespeare, that's why Shakespeare was bragging,
+
+194
+00:13:52,440 --> 00:13:56,320
+because he was capable of using, you know, very
+
+195
+00:13:56,320 --> 00:14:00,850
+intricate images. Again, if we look at it, as you
+
+196
+00:14:00,850 --> 00:14:05,050
+said, you know, rough ones is a metonymy. Metonymy
+
+197
+00:14:05,050 --> 00:14:14,490
+of what? Death. And, you know, darling buds. Yeah,
+
+198
+00:14:14,610 --> 00:14:18,470
+people, but not any people. They are newly born.
+
+199
+00:14:19,340 --> 00:14:22,960
+The buds, you know, the buds of May, they are
+
+200
+00:14:22,960 --> 00:14:26,940
+children, newly born. Yeah, feeble, very feeble.
+
+201
+00:14:27,360 --> 00:14:31,300
+Like look here, when you feel the disparity
+
+202
+00:14:31,300 --> 00:14:36,220
+between the victim and let's say the victimizer,
+
+203
+00:14:37,310 --> 00:14:41,730
+You know, we like, we become very sympathetic. We,
+
+204
+00:14:41,970 --> 00:14:45,090
+you know, like the victim is winning our
+
+205
+00:14:45,090 --> 00:14:49,350
+compassion. We started to feel for, you know, the
+
+206
+00:14:49,350 --> 00:14:52,230
+people, for the buds. We started like to have
+
+207
+00:14:52,230 --> 00:14:56,710
+this, develop this compassion. And Summer's Lease
+
+208
+00:14:56,710 --> 00:15:02,870
+has all too short a date. Summer's Lease is
+
+209
+00:15:04,170 --> 00:15:07,590
+What? So summer lease, what does lease mean here?
+
+210
+00:15:08,290 --> 00:15:14,350
+Time, vacation, summer lease has all too short a
+
+211
+00:15:14,350 --> 00:15:19,650
+date. I think Shakespeare here doesn't mean summer
+
+212
+00:15:19,650 --> 00:15:24,350
+per sea, summer, but there should be a metonymy.
+
+213
+00:15:25,250 --> 00:15:29,040
+So summer is a metonymy of what, you think? Of
+
+214
+00:15:29,040 --> 00:15:35,500
+time? No, what do you mean by time? I know short
+
+215
+00:15:35,500 --> 00:15:40,140
+time, but it's a metonym of what? Of life itself.
+
+216
+00:15:40,240 --> 00:15:43,520
+Thank you very much. It is, you know, a metonym of
+
+217
+00:15:43,520 --> 00:15:46,440
+life, which is very short, which is very
+
+218
+00:15:46,440 --> 00:15:51,380
+circumscribed. Life is circumscribed. It is
+
+219
+00:15:51,380 --> 00:15:52,060
+limited.
+
+220
+00:15:54,520 --> 00:15:57,100
+And someone's lease has all too short a date.
+
+221
+00:15:58,890 --> 00:16:03,270
+Sometimes to help the eye of heaven shines. I
+
+222
+00:16:03,270 --> 00:16:07,330
+think we cannot fail to see what figure of speech
+
+223
+00:16:07,330 --> 00:16:12,130
+do we have, the eye of heaven. It's a metaphor. So
+
+224
+00:16:12,130 --> 00:16:16,890
+the eye of heaven, the sun shines, the eye of
+
+225
+00:16:16,890 --> 00:16:22,420
+heaven. So But is it shining all the time?
+
+226
+00:16:23,520 --> 00:16:27,600
+Sometimes. Sometimes, you know, it's an adverb of
+
+227
+00:16:27,600 --> 00:16:33,890
+what? Frequency. And again, here, if you look, we
+
+228
+00:16:33,890 --> 00:16:36,930
+have often and sometime, and often and sometime
+
+229
+00:16:36,930 --> 00:16:41,830
+have to do with things changing, not remaining the
+
+230
+00:16:41,830 --> 00:16:44,410
+same. And Shakespeare, because Shakespeare was
+
+231
+00:16:44,410 --> 00:16:48,650
+concerned with the change itself, so look here, we
+
+232
+00:16:48,650 --> 00:16:52,450
+can easily connect these things with the feeling
+
+233
+00:16:52,450 --> 00:16:57,230
+of change. Yes, sometime too hot the eye of heaven
+
+234
+00:16:57,230 --> 00:17:01,150
+shines. So it's a metaphor. But in the second
+
+235
+00:17:01,150 --> 00:17:05,130
+line, it is developed. The same figure of speech
+
+236
+00:17:05,130 --> 00:17:10,110
+is developed, and off is his old complexion
+
+237
+00:17:10,110 --> 00:17:13,870
+dimmed. So the complexion, what is complexion?
+
+238
+00:17:14,250 --> 00:17:18,630
+It's like the complexion of the face. So don't you
+
+239
+00:17:18,630 --> 00:17:23,370
+think here, what figure of speech is this? It is
+
+240
+00:17:23,370 --> 00:17:26,950
+personification, yes. It is personification. Thank
+
+241
+00:17:26,950 --> 00:17:31,100
+you. Yes, he here, like the sun, is being
+
+242
+00:17:31,100 --> 00:17:34,940
+portrayed as a person who has, you know, like
+
+243
+00:17:34,940 --> 00:17:37,940
+complexion. Sometimes they are shining complexion
+
+244
+00:17:37,940 --> 00:17:40,360
+and sometimes they are... Yeah, and Shakespeare
+
+245
+00:17:40,360 --> 00:17:44,080
+was upset with that, you know, norm of
+
+246
+00:17:44,080 --> 00:17:49,380
+inconsistency. It is a norm of change. It is a
+
+247
+00:17:49,380 --> 00:17:52,900
+norm of fluctuation. So Shakespeare was upset with
+
+248
+00:17:52,900 --> 00:17:58,120
+that, and it seems like he was trying to find a
+
+249
+00:17:58,120 --> 00:18:02,220
+way out of that dilemma. It continues like this,
+
+250
+00:18:02,300 --> 00:18:07,560
+yes? Yeah, the next line declines. Yeah, yeah. And
+
+251
+00:18:07,560 --> 00:18:13,430
+every fair from fair sometime declines. Yeah, and
+
+252
+00:18:13,430 --> 00:18:16,990
+every fair from fair. Look, I think this is like
+
+253
+00:18:16,990 --> 00:18:22,050
+very disappointing reality for Shakespeare. And
+
+254
+00:18:22,050 --> 00:18:25,490
+every fair from fair. Look at the alliteration
+
+255
+00:18:25,490 --> 00:18:30,210
+shows how Shakespeare was concerned, was upset
+
+256
+00:18:30,210 --> 00:18:35,010
+with this fact. And every fair from fair sometime
+
+257
+00:18:35,010 --> 00:18:39,910
+declines. I think sometime here is different from
+
+258
+00:18:39,910 --> 00:18:43,540
+the sometime in the previous line. How is it
+
+259
+00:18:43,540 --> 00:18:46,660
+different? Is it an adverb of time here? Adverb of
+
+260
+00:18:46,660 --> 00:18:51,460
+frequency? No. So what does it mean? Like, and
+
+261
+00:18:51,460 --> 00:18:55,380
+every fair from fair sometime declines. What does
+
+262
+00:18:55,380 --> 00:19:00,140
+it mean? And every fair, can you translate it into
+
+263
+00:19:00,140 --> 00:19:03,700
+Arabic? And every fair from fair sometime.
+
+264
+00:19:07,060 --> 00:19:09,160
+Yeah, but like I want sometime. You didn't
+
+265
+00:19:09,160 --> 00:19:13,840
+translate sometime. Something else. Yeah, and I
+
+266
+00:19:13,840 --> 00:19:15,960
+want you to translate it in Arabic, like.
+
+267
+00:19:18,920 --> 00:19:18,920
+Yeah,
+
+268
+00:19:22,020 --> 00:19:25,820
+you can translate this, but like sometime. And
+
+269
+00:19:25,820 --> 00:19:30,680
+every fair from fair sometime. I think, you know,
+
+270
+00:19:30,700 --> 00:19:35,600
+you can translate it. وكل جمال يوم ما إلى زوال Or
+
+271
+00:19:35,600 --> 00:19:37,900
+في النهاية إلى زوال
+
+272
+00:19:40,760 --> 00:19:44,040
+وكله نعيم لمحالة إلى زوال. You know, this is what
+
+273
+00:19:44,040 --> 00:19:48,320
+Khalid is translating in his booth there. He's
+
+274
+00:19:48,320 --> 00:19:50,580
+very, he's listening to us, but I'm very happy
+
+275
+00:19:50,580 --> 00:19:54,260
+like he's doing that. Yes, here it means finally,
+
+276
+00:19:54,540 --> 00:19:59,440
+eventually. Sometime here means eventually. So
+
+277
+00:19:59,440 --> 00:20:02,420
+Shakespeare like is very, he's mastering the
+
+278
+00:20:02,420 --> 00:20:04,780
+language, you know, and Shakespeare like
+
+279
+00:20:04,780 --> 00:20:08,020
+introduced or coined many words that, you know,
+
+280
+00:20:08,020 --> 00:20:12,420
+becoming Shakespeare words. Anyway, by chance or
+
+281
+00:20:12,420 --> 00:20:16,980
+changing nature, like he's telling us how, how
+
+282
+00:20:16,980 --> 00:20:23,400
+this decline is happening. By chance or nature's
+
+283
+00:20:23,400 --> 00:20:27,550
+changing course untrimmed. Now Shakespeare here is
+
+284
+00:20:27,550 --> 00:20:32,730
+referring to, you know, the forces of death in a
+
+285
+00:20:32,730 --> 00:20:38,010
+more metaphoric sense. Like when he's saying
+
+286
+00:20:38,010 --> 00:20:44,710
+chance, he was referring to fortune, to hap. And I
+
+287
+00:20:44,710 --> 00:20:47,290
+think this is an allusion. You know what's an
+
+288
+00:20:47,290 --> 00:20:51,130
+allusion? It is a reference to something outside
+
+289
+00:20:51,130 --> 00:20:53,950
+the text. You know, when you say he's making
+
+290
+00:20:53,950 --> 00:21:03,130
+allusion, He's alluding to something. Yeah, it is,
+
+291
+00:21:03,370 --> 00:21:07,430
+but not the fortune teller. Fortune, she was a
+
+292
+00:21:07,430 --> 00:21:12,150
+woman who was behind a wheel turning, this wheel,
+
+293
+00:21:12,470 --> 00:21:16,230
+and then you don't know. So your situation remains
+
+294
+00:21:16,230 --> 00:21:18,750
+all the time precarious. You know what's
+
+295
+00:21:18,750 --> 00:21:22,810
+precarious? In danger, insecure. Yeah, so you
+
+296
+00:21:22,810 --> 00:21:26,830
+don't feel any security at all. Your situation
+
+297
+00:21:26,830 --> 00:21:34,040
+will be precarious. Good. or changing scores
+
+298
+00:21:34,040 --> 00:21:38,160
+untrimmed. Like again here, this is a reference to
+
+299
+00:21:38,160 --> 00:21:42,380
+like the natural disasters, the natural
+
+300
+00:21:42,380 --> 00:21:44,940
+calamities. You know what I mean calamities?
+
+301
+00:21:45,280 --> 00:21:49,600
+Disasters, catastrophes. These natural calamities
+
+302
+00:21:49,600 --> 00:21:54,800
+are unpredictable, are untrimmed, untrimmed. Of
+
+303
+00:21:54,800 --> 00:21:58,160
+course here, he's comparing natural, there is a
+
+304
+00:21:58,160 --> 00:22:05,020
+metaphor here. He's comparing natural
+
+305
+00:22:05,020 --> 00:22:08,840
+disasters to something which can be like grass,
+
+306
+00:22:09,220 --> 00:22:14,540
+but it is untrimmed. Untrimmed means uneven. So
+
+307
+00:22:14,540 --> 00:22:19,270
+when we trim something, we make it even. But when
+
+308
+00:22:19,270 --> 00:22:24,650
+it is untrimmed, it means something is longer.
+
+309
+00:22:25,290 --> 00:22:30,830
+Here, what he wants to say, natural disasters are
+
+310
+00:22:30,830 --> 00:22:34,170
+unpredictable. They are not even. Some of them are
+
+311
+00:22:34,170 --> 00:22:37,290
+tsunami-like, some of them destructive
+
+312
+00:22:37,290 --> 00:22:39,450
+earthquakes. You don't know. They are
+
+313
+00:22:39,450 --> 00:22:43,130
+unpredictable. What is unpredictable is more
+
+314
+00:22:43,130 --> 00:22:43,890
+precarious.
+
+315
+00:22:47,040 --> 00:22:49,240
+So if we look how Shakespeare was meditating,
+
+316
+00:22:49,440 --> 00:22:53,220
+these were how Shakespeare meditating. He was
+
+317
+00:22:53,220 --> 00:22:57,060
+thinking. He was meditating what would happen. And
+
+318
+00:22:57,060 --> 00:22:59,440
+I think we share Shakespeare. You know, the most
+
+319
+00:22:59,440 --> 00:23:02,800
+interesting thing that Shakespeare in the two
+
+320
+00:23:02,800 --> 00:23:06,680
+poems is writing about particular, you know,
+
+321
+00:23:06,700 --> 00:23:10,080
+experience. But this particular experience becomes
+
+322
+00:23:10,080 --> 00:23:13,560
+common. We share Shakespeare's concern. And this
+
+323
+00:23:13,560 --> 00:23:14,940
+is the greatness, again, of Shakespeare.
+
+324
+00:23:15,710 --> 00:23:19,010
+Shakespeare is lyrical poetry. It is lyrical. It
+
+325
+00:23:19,010 --> 00:23:22,410
+talks about personal experience. However, like his
+
+326
+00:23:22,410 --> 00:23:25,710
+experience is shared by all the people. You see
+
+327
+00:23:25,710 --> 00:23:28,570
+what I mean? But not all the English even, all the
+
+328
+00:23:28,570 --> 00:23:32,930
+people around the world. It is. You can easily
+
+329
+00:23:32,930 --> 00:23:37,730
+identify with. So great poetry, as we said, if you
+
+330
+00:23:37,730 --> 00:23:40,330
+remember at the beginning of the course, great
+
+331
+00:23:40,330 --> 00:23:43,870
+poetry is the poetry which allows you to identify,
+
+332
+00:23:44,490 --> 00:23:47,710
+which allows you to be an insider of the poem
+
+333
+00:23:47,710 --> 00:23:55,110
+itself. By chance or nature's changing course
+
+334
+00:23:55,110 --> 00:23:58,860
+untrimmed. Look here, Shakespeare in the final
+
+335
+00:23:58,860 --> 00:24:03,780
+couplet is trying to find a way out. And now here,
+
+336
+00:24:04,080 --> 00:24:09,880
+he started to give us some hints what he's going
+
+337
+00:24:09,880 --> 00:24:15,320
+to do. Thy eternal summer. Look here, thy summer.
+
+338
+00:24:15,980 --> 00:24:20,460
+So summer which was being seen as like metaphoric
+
+339
+00:24:20,460 --> 00:24:22,840
+is becoming real. Your summer, you are the summer
+
+340
+00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:25,580
+yourself, but you are different summer. But thy
+
+341
+00:24:25,580 --> 00:24:28,180
+summer,
+
+342
+00:24:29,220 --> 00:24:33,990
+thy eternal summer shall not fade. Again, we have
+
+343
+00:24:33,990 --> 00:24:37,630
+a metaphor. You know, the summer of the friend is
+
+344
+00:24:37,630 --> 00:24:42,850
+like a plant which will never, you know, fade. It
+
+345
+00:24:42,850 --> 00:24:47,230
+will remain lush green. I like this collocation,
+
+346
+00:24:47,770 --> 00:24:51,250
+lush green. It will remain lush green forever.
+
+347
+00:24:51,490 --> 00:24:54,490
+Why? Because this is how Shakespeare thought of
+
+348
+00:24:54,490 --> 00:24:57,470
+his poetry. And I think here, he was bragging. He
+
+349
+00:24:57,470 --> 00:25:02,080
+was cherishing his poetry.but thy eternal summer
+
+350
+00:25:02,080 --> 00:25:06,280
+shall not fade nor lose possession of that fairs
+
+351
+00:25:06,280 --> 00:25:10,820
+thou owest it will never your you know because you
+
+352
+00:25:10,820 --> 00:25:16,420
+know your your summer will be in my eternal lines
+
+353
+00:25:16,420 --> 00:25:22,080
+so it will never lose its beauty will remain
+
+354
+00:25:22,080 --> 00:25:26,500
+intact you know what's mean intact you know intact
+
+355
+00:25:26,500 --> 00:25:28,660
+unblemished as it is intact
+
+356
+00:25:32,000 --> 00:25:33,640
+It will remain as it is.
+
+357
+00:25:36,620 --> 00:25:39,480
+But, like, if you hear, like, go to the, you know,
+
+358
+00:25:39,560 --> 00:25:43,760
+nor lose position of that, first thou owest, nor
+
+359
+00:25:43,760 --> 00:25:46,920
+shall death. Nor. Look at nor. Nor. So Shakespeare
+
+360
+00:25:46,920 --> 00:25:51,660
+here is contesting, is challenging. Death will
+
+361
+00:25:51,660 --> 00:25:56,780
+not. Nor. Nor. So the not and the nor, you know,
+
+362
+00:25:57,100 --> 00:26:02,690
+the use of these has to, you know, to do with
+
+363
+00:26:02,690 --> 00:26:06,890
+Shakespeare's attitude of contesting with death,
+
+364
+00:26:07,770 --> 00:26:11,390
+you know, challenging death. Nor, nor, nor. Nor
+
+365
+00:26:11,390 --> 00:26:15,650
+shall death brag that wondrous in his shade. Death
+
+366
+00:26:15,650 --> 00:26:19,270
+will never brag. Again, here, we have a personal
+
+367
+00:26:19,270 --> 00:26:22,970
+occasion. Death is being portrayed like a person
+
+368
+00:26:22,970 --> 00:26:27,450
+who's arrogant, conceited. Look at them. I
+
+369
+00:26:27,450 --> 00:26:31,250
+inflicted all of them dead. And again, this is a
+
+370
+00:26:31,250 --> 00:26:33,370
+biblical image. This is an image from the Bible
+
+371
+00:26:33,370 --> 00:26:37,010
+when death, when like a lot of people who were
+
+372
+00:26:37,010 --> 00:26:41,250
+killed by death will be like in his shade. So
+
+373
+00:26:41,250 --> 00:26:44,010
+Shakespeare is using a biblical image here, and
+
+374
+00:26:44,010 --> 00:26:45,710
+this is another example of allusion.
+
+375
+00:26:48,490 --> 00:26:52,450
+Now, nothing will happen to you when, and he's
+
+376
+00:26:52,450 --> 00:26:56,870
+trying to explain for us, when in eternal lines to
+
+377
+00:26:56,870 --> 00:27:02,400
+time thou growest. You know, thou grossed. Again
+
+378
+00:27:02,400 --> 00:27:07,260
+here, we have a metaphor. And this metaphor, as we
+
+379
+00:27:07,260 --> 00:27:13,140
+said, is what? Yeah, I know it's a metaphor. What
+
+380
+00:27:13,140 --> 00:27:19,040
+is the metaphor here? Like, let's explain it. Like
+
+381
+00:27:19,040 --> 00:27:25,580
+the summer of his friend will grow. Where will it
+
+382
+00:27:25,580 --> 00:27:31,290
+grow? In Gaza? No, where? In his poetry. Have you
+
+383
+00:27:31,290 --> 00:27:34,270
+ever seen like something growing in poetry? Okay,
+
+384
+00:27:34,350 --> 00:27:37,770
+let's plant a tree in poetry Shakespeare, in the,
+
+385
+00:27:37,830 --> 00:27:41,430
+you know, the poetry of Shakespeare. Yes. So here,
+
+386
+00:27:42,070 --> 00:27:47,290
+I think the image is taken from botany from, you
+
+387
+00:27:47,290 --> 00:27:51,070
+know, you know, in botany, in agriculture, there
+
+388
+00:27:51,070 --> 00:27:54,860
+is something called grafting. What is grafting? It
+
+389
+00:27:54,860 --> 00:27:58,520
+means you are joining two things. So here, the
+
+390
+00:27:58,520 --> 00:28:02,160
+image is like this. Shakespeare's poetry is being
+
+391
+00:28:02,160 --> 00:28:07,000
+portrayed like what? Like a tree. And the summer
+
+392
+00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:12,020
+of his friend is like graft, a piece which is
+
+393
+00:28:12,020 --> 00:28:17,860
+joined. And then after a while, it sprouts. You
+
+394
+00:28:17,860 --> 00:28:22,540
+know what's with sprouts? It sprouts, grows. It
+
+395
+00:28:22,540 --> 00:28:26,240
+grows, you know, it grows and then it continues
+
+396
+00:28:26,240 --> 00:28:31,560
+growing. So this is a grafting metaphor, like you
+
+397
+00:28:31,560 --> 00:28:35,800
+graft, you join two parts, you know, they might
+
+398
+00:28:35,800 --> 00:28:39,060
+not be, you know, homogeneous, they might be
+
+399
+00:28:39,060 --> 00:28:41,900
+heterogeneous, but once they are grafted, they
+
+400
+00:28:41,900 --> 00:28:46,670
+become homogeneous and they grow together. So look
+
+401
+00:28:46,670 --> 00:28:51,910
+how Shakespeare was analyzing his sentiment. Look
+
+402
+00:28:51,910 --> 00:28:54,970
+how Shakespeare was recording. And all of this in
+
+403
+00:28:54,970 --> 00:28:58,230
+a musical, in a sonnet form. So there are many
+
+404
+00:28:58,230 --> 00:29:02,410
+things to consider here.
+
+405
+00:29:05,610 --> 00:29:10,840
+When in eternal lines to time thou growest, So
+
+406
+00:29:10,840 --> 00:29:13,780
+long as men, and Shakespeare after all of this,
+
+407
+00:29:14,240 --> 00:29:18,800
+you know, has concluded the argument. So the
+
+408
+00:29:18,800 --> 00:29:22,960
+argument started by Shakespeare's concern about,
+
+409
+00:29:23,620 --> 00:29:26,220
+you know, then he went through all the
+
+410
+00:29:26,220 --> 00:29:30,260
+difficulties, which would make him like decline to
+
+411
+00:29:30,260 --> 00:29:33,580
+compare. And finally, he's giving the conclusion
+
+412
+00:29:33,580 --> 00:29:38,520
+in the couplet, so long as men can breathe. Or
+
+413
+00:29:38,520 --> 00:29:42,800
+eyes can see. It's a metonymy of life itself. So
+
+414
+00:29:42,800 --> 00:29:48,160
+long live this. And this gives life to thee. Look
+
+415
+00:29:48,160 --> 00:29:52,160
+at him. So long live this, this, and this gives
+
+416
+00:29:52,160 --> 00:29:54,360
+life to thee. So Shakespeare cherishes,
+
+417
+00:29:54,700 --> 00:29:57,780
+Shakespeare thinks his poetry will ever, you know,
+
+418
+00:29:58,380 --> 00:30:04,000
+will immortalize him. It's a wonderful poem. And I
+
+419
+00:30:04,000 --> 00:30:07,040
+think it shows how Shakespeare was very artistic.
+
+420
+00:30:08,220 --> 00:30:10,880
+Yeah, confident. Now, this poem, like, when you
+
+421
+00:30:10,880 --> 00:30:13,940
+listen to the song, it was easily sung. Why?
+
+422
+00:30:14,020 --> 00:30:16,980
+Because of the musicality of the iambic
+
+423
+00:30:16,980 --> 00:30:22,040
+pentameter. And did you listen to the song again?
+
+424
+00:30:23,900 --> 00:30:27,080
+Huh? Did you listen to the song again? Shall I
+
+425
+00:30:27,080 --> 00:30:32,120
+compare the Utah Summer's Day, no? Huh? Okay.
+
+426
+00:30:32,360 --> 00:30:35,960
+Thank you. Now, I think we still we have time to
+
+427
+00:30:35,960 --> 00:30:43,720
+look at the second poem, which is Since Brass. As
+
+428
+00:30:43,720 --> 00:30:48,520
+we saw, this poem is more serious, is more
+
+429
+00:30:48,520 --> 00:30:53,620
+philosophical. And the challenge with death is
+
+430
+00:30:53,620 --> 00:31:00,140
+much more fierce. It's a very ferocious one. Since
+
+431
+00:31:00,140 --> 00:31:04,820
+brass nor stone nor earth nor boundless sea. Sad
+
+432
+00:31:04,820 --> 00:31:08,320
+mortality oversways their power. So Shakespeare
+
+433
+00:31:08,320 --> 00:31:11,360
+starts this poem by the assumption that nothing
+
+434
+00:31:11,360 --> 00:31:14,880
+will stand the ravages of time. So as you see
+
+435
+00:31:14,880 --> 00:31:19,460
+here, sad mortality, it's a metonymy of time. And
+
+436
+00:31:19,460 --> 00:31:23,620
+here, time is being viewed like what? Like very
+
+437
+00:31:23,620 --> 00:31:28,400
+ruthless beast or monster which will destroy
+
+438
+00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:33,210
+everything in its way. Since brass, nor stone, nor
+
+439
+00:31:33,210 --> 00:31:36,570
+earth, nor boundless sea. Look at these, they are
+
+440
+00:31:36,570 --> 00:31:40,450
+very, they are known for their power. But these
+
+441
+00:31:40,450 --> 00:31:44,290
+things will be powerless when they are face to
+
+442
+00:31:44,290 --> 00:31:50,030
+face with time. But sad mortality oversways their
+
+443
+00:31:50,030 --> 00:31:52,550
+power. Oversways, like the verb itself,
+
+444
+00:31:53,590 --> 00:31:58,310
+demonstrates how massive the destruction will be,
+
+445
+00:31:58,810 --> 00:32:02,950
+how tough or how fierce the destruction will be.
+
+446
+00:32:03,810 --> 00:32:06,650
+How with this rage shall beauty hold a plea? So
+
+447
+00:32:06,650 --> 00:32:10,410
+Shakespeare, as we said, this poem is full of
+
+448
+00:32:10,410 --> 00:32:13,170
+rhetorical questions. How many questions do we
+
+449
+00:32:13,170 --> 00:32:17,850
+have? Five rhetorical questions. How with this
+
+450
+00:32:17,850 --> 00:32:20,770
+rage shall beauty hold a plea? So Shakespeare is
+
+451
+00:32:20,770 --> 00:32:25,730
+wondering, you know, is wondering about, like, the
+
+452
+00:32:25,730 --> 00:32:32,690
+vulnerability, the invalidness of, let's say, the
+
+453
+00:32:32,690 --> 00:32:35,170
+beauty or love of his friend. What will it do, you
+
+454
+00:32:35,170 --> 00:32:39,950
+know? It will be helpless, exactly like a helpless
+
+455
+00:32:39,950 --> 00:32:46,100
+defendant in a court. who is unable to defend
+
+456
+00:32:46,100 --> 00:32:52,940
+himself in front of a very despotic executor.
+
+457
+00:32:55,180 --> 00:32:58,040
+How would this Rachel beauty hold a plea, whose
+
+458
+00:32:58,040 --> 00:33:00,880
+action is no stronger than a flower? Look here.
+
+459
+00:33:01,880 --> 00:33:06,260
+Yeah, a flower is very delicate. So this shows how
+
+460
+00:33:06,260 --> 00:33:10,000
+the beauty of his friend is very delicate. He's
+
+461
+00:33:10,000 --> 00:33:14,510
+comparing it to a flower. And if we think about
+
+462
+00:33:14,510 --> 00:33:18,470
+the disparity, the difference between the delicacy
+
+463
+00:33:18,470 --> 00:33:21,590
+of the beauty friend and the toughness and the
+
+464
+00:33:21,590 --> 00:33:24,130
+roughness and the, you know, of time, we started
+
+465
+00:33:24,130 --> 00:33:28,250
+like to say, oh my God, this is too much. whose
+
+466
+00:33:28,250 --> 00:33:31,070
+action is no stronger than a flower? Or how shall
+
+467
+00:33:31,070 --> 00:33:34,590
+summer's honey breath hold out?" Again, it is
+
+468
+00:33:34,590 --> 00:33:36,830
+summer's honey breath, which is very delicate,
+
+469
+00:33:37,250 --> 00:33:40,210
+which is very, you know, the beauty, very soft.
+
+470
+00:33:40,770 --> 00:33:47,430
+This is, again, it is a metaphor. Yes. Against the
+
+471
+00:33:47,430 --> 00:33:50,910
+reckful siege of battering days, you know? And we
+
+472
+00:33:50,910 --> 00:33:54,490
+saw the image of the battering days. And we,
+
+473
+00:33:54,610 --> 00:33:57,610
+because we live You know, in a siege, we
+
+474
+00:33:57,610 --> 00:33:59,730
+understand what is a siege, how tough is the
+
+475
+00:33:59,730 --> 00:34:02,730
+siege, you know? And this siege is, you know, very
+
+476
+00:34:02,730 --> 00:34:06,890
+frightening. We saw how the battering days will be
+
+477
+00:34:06,890 --> 00:34:11,670
+like soldiers holding big hammers trying, like, to
+
+478
+00:34:11,670 --> 00:34:15,910
+deter or stop, you know, this lovely, this
+
+479
+00:34:15,910 --> 00:34:20,150
+delicate, fragile, you know, beauty, like, to go
+
+480
+00:34:20,150 --> 00:34:23,890
+out, to leave. when rocks impregnable are not so
+
+481
+00:34:23,890 --> 00:34:27,510
+stout what I like here in this line you know if we
+
+482
+00:34:27,510 --> 00:34:32,530
+look here when rocks you know against the reckful
+
+483
+00:34:32,530 --> 00:34:36,610
+siege of battering days when rocks impregnable now
+
+484
+00:34:36,610 --> 00:34:42,240
+impregnable we have three Three stresses. And
+
+485
+00:34:42,240 --> 00:34:45,440
+this, you know, because the whole poem is written
+
+486
+00:34:45,440 --> 00:34:49,480
+in iambic pentameter. When, you know, it's written
+
+487
+00:34:49,480 --> 00:34:52,480
+in iambic pentameter. And here, so Shakespeare
+
+488
+00:34:52,480 --> 00:34:57,470
+tried to vary it. He's tried to vary it in order,
+
+489
+00:34:57,590 --> 00:35:00,710
+like, to equate, you know, the sound and the
+
+490
+00:35:00,710 --> 00:35:04,990
+meaning. So here, the battering days, boom, boom,
+
+491
+00:35:05,450 --> 00:35:08,570
+boom. So he's equating this triple hammer blow
+
+492
+00:35:08,570 --> 00:35:14,670
+with, you know, the three stressed syllables. So
+
+493
+00:35:14,670 --> 00:35:18,310
+this is, like, common. And here, a not-so-stout.
+
+494
+00:35:18,590 --> 00:35:23,770
+You know, again here. You know? Nor case of steel
+
+495
+00:35:23,770 --> 00:35:28,630
+so strong. You know? Again. But time decays. Or
+
+496
+00:35:28,630 --> 00:35:32,450
+for, you see, or for meditation where I lack shall
+
+497
+00:35:32,450 --> 00:35:36,230
+times best jewel from times chest lie head. You
+
+498
+00:35:36,230 --> 00:35:41,230
+know? Here, again, again, you know? Or what
+
+499
+00:35:41,230 --> 00:35:46,990
+strong, what? Strong hand. Swift-foot bag. So
+
+500
+00:35:46,990 --> 00:35:50,430
+Shakespeare's, you know, like, started to variate
+
+501
+00:35:50,430 --> 00:35:56,150
+in this. Why? To make, you know, the sound like a
+
+502
+00:35:56,150 --> 00:35:58,630
+little bit equivalent or parallel with the meaning
+
+503
+00:35:58,630 --> 00:36:01,550
+itself. Because here, as you see, it is very
+
+504
+00:36:01,550 --> 00:36:06,330
+tough. It is very, you know, noisy. So when rocks
+
+505
+00:36:06,330 --> 00:36:10,910
+impregnable are not so stout, nor gates of steel
+
+506
+00:36:10,910 --> 00:36:17,110
+so strong, but time decays, Very frightening. When
+
+507
+00:36:17,110 --> 00:36:20,570
+you think the beauty of the friend or, you know,
+
+508
+00:36:20,630 --> 00:36:23,230
+the memory of the friend, like, will be faced with
+
+509
+00:36:23,230 --> 00:36:26,110
+all these powers of destruction, you become very
+
+510
+00:36:26,110 --> 00:36:30,710
+intimidated. You become very afraid. And
+
+511
+00:36:30,710 --> 00:36:32,850
+Shakespeare, even Shakespeare also said, Oh,
+
+512
+00:36:32,910 --> 00:36:35,630
+fearful meditation, because this is very
+
+513
+00:36:35,630 --> 00:36:41,220
+intimidating, isn't it? Where are you?" He started
+
+514
+00:36:41,220 --> 00:36:44,880
+to ask, what will, you know, time's best jewel?
+
+515
+00:36:45,180 --> 00:36:47,400
+You know, time here is life, and the best jewel of
+
+516
+00:36:47,400 --> 00:36:49,700
+life is the beauty itself. Well, you know what
+
+517
+00:36:49,700 --> 00:36:52,700
+will happen? What is the fate? So he was, you
+
+518
+00:36:52,700 --> 00:36:55,640
+know, pondering. He was thinking about, you know,
+
+519
+00:36:55,700 --> 00:36:59,560
+the beauty of, you know, the fate, you know, of
+
+520
+00:36:59,560 --> 00:37:01,940
+this beauty. What will happen to it? Shall time's
+
+521
+00:37:01,940 --> 00:37:05,920
+best jewel from time's chest lie head? Or what?
+
+522
+00:37:06,910 --> 00:37:10,770
+Strongly. Look here, he is looking for, he's
+
+523
+00:37:10,770 --> 00:37:17,110
+seeking what? A hand. A hand which will deter,
+
+524
+00:37:17,710 --> 00:37:21,390
+hold. You know what's mean deter? Repulse. The
+
+525
+00:37:21,390 --> 00:37:26,450
+swift thought of time. Yeah, like to hold it back,
+
+526
+00:37:26,970 --> 00:37:30,090
+to stop it, to deter. So he was looking for
+
+527
+00:37:30,090 --> 00:37:34,710
+something. Now, when you are in trouble, in a
+
+528
+00:37:34,710 --> 00:37:37,770
+crisis situation, in a dilemma, you start to look
+
+529
+00:37:37,770 --> 00:37:40,750
+for something from the outside. You start to seek
+
+530
+00:37:40,750 --> 00:37:44,410
+an aid. And Shakespeare here was wondering, what
+
+531
+00:37:44,410 --> 00:37:48,550
+can I do? Or what strong hand can hold his swift
+
+532
+00:37:48,550 --> 00:37:53,100
+foot back? Or who? who's spoiled of beauty. Now I
+
+533
+00:37:53,100 --> 00:37:56,080
+need somebody, I need somebody who can stop this,
+
+534
+00:37:56,580 --> 00:38:02,010
+you know, the beauty. you know, can forbid. Of
+
+535
+00:38:02,010 --> 00:38:04,870
+course, we as Muslims, we can answer these
+
+536
+00:38:04,870 --> 00:38:08,070
+questions easily, you know, by saying, Allah
+
+537
+00:38:08,070 --> 00:38:11,530
+Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala can, you know, can stop all of
+
+538
+00:38:11,530 --> 00:38:15,390
+this. Shakespeare was trying to think of a power,
+
+539
+00:38:15,810 --> 00:38:19,690
+you know, but he suddenly say, or who his bowl of
+
+540
+00:38:19,690 --> 00:38:24,950
+beauty can forbid? Oh, none, none of these, except
+
+541
+00:38:26,440 --> 00:38:32,300
+Unless this miracle, what is this? This poem, his
+
+542
+00:38:32,300 --> 00:38:39,700
+poetry. This have might, might, power. Unless my
+
+543
+00:38:39,700 --> 00:38:45,120
+poetry has this power. To do what? That, he's
+
+544
+00:38:45,120 --> 00:38:50,380
+explaining it. That in a black ink, my love may
+
+545
+00:38:50,380 --> 00:38:56,270
+still shine bright. Wow. So very affirmative.
+
+546
+00:38:57,130 --> 00:39:00,890
+Very, he, I think he's bragging. He's bragging.
+
+547
+00:39:01,030 --> 00:39:04,730
+He's, you know, sure that his poetry will, you
+
+548
+00:39:04,730 --> 00:39:06,710
+know, immortalize him.
+
+549
+00:39:09,570 --> 00:39:15,630
+You see, this is Shakespeare. Again, now we might,
+
+550
+00:39:16,110 --> 00:39:21,550
+and this is like part of your job. is to see whom
+
+551
+00:39:21,550 --> 00:39:25,510
+he was addressing in the sonnet. In the two
+
+552
+00:39:25,510 --> 00:39:28,630
+sonnets, whom he was addressing. Was he
+
+553
+00:39:28,630 --> 00:39:31,030
+addressing, you know, the dark lady? Was he
+
+554
+00:39:31,030 --> 00:39:33,770
+addressing a friend? Who's this friend? You know?
+
+555
+00:39:35,250 --> 00:39:38,470
+This is very important to consider because I want
+
+556
+00:39:38,470 --> 00:39:42,430
+you like to have more knowledge, awareness about
+
+557
+00:39:42,430 --> 00:39:47,250
+Shakespeare's sonnets. So these are one, these two
+
+558
+00:39:47,250 --> 00:39:50,230
+sonnets, they are popular sonnets. However, you
+
+559
+00:39:50,230 --> 00:39:54,510
+can, for comparison, look at sonnets and learn
+
+560
+00:39:54,510 --> 00:39:58,690
+more about Shakespeare by yourself, okay? Any
+
+561
+00:39:58,690 --> 00:40:01,170
+question, please? Do you have any question?
+
+562
+00:40:04,820 --> 00:40:07,560
+Okay. Thank you very much.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/L7HUVUHeccM.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2047 @@
+
+1
+00:00:14,320 --> 00:00:19,600
+Okay, good morning everybody. How are you? I bet 
+
+2
+00:00:19,600 --> 00:00:28,910
+you had a nice weekend. Not much. Why? Okay, but 
+
+3
+00:00:28,910 --> 00:00:31,930
+other than this, like, did you have time to write 
+
+4
+00:00:31,930 --> 00:00:33,750
+reports and write responses? 
+
+5
+00:00:36,930 --> 00:00:45,350
+So, let us see what you have written. Let me see 
+
+6
+00:00:45,350 --> 00:00:47,910
+you, please. Yes. 
+
+7
+00:00:54,430 --> 00:00:59,170
+You just come here. Okay. I'm sitting on my desk 
+
+8
+00:00:59,170 --> 00:01:01,630
+thinking of something to write in my daily report 
+
+9
+00:01:01,630 --> 00:01:04,290
+about the previous class. Actually, I didn't have 
+
+10
+00:01:04,290 --> 00:01:09,010
+the chance to read my report yet. But this time, I 
+
+11
+00:01:09,010 --> 00:01:11,590
+have this gut feeling that this time, Dr. Anna... 
+
+12
+00:01:11,590 --> 00:01:16,090
+Wow, look here. You know, look here. And this is 
+
+13
+00:01:16,090 --> 00:01:18,670
+the beauty about like getting to write a report. 
+
+14
+00:01:18,890 --> 00:01:21,730
+Like, you think, you know, you're not going to 
+
+15
+00:01:21,730 --> 00:01:24,770
+read, but here she thought and she's reading. 
+
+16
+00:01:25,790 --> 00:01:28,630
+About the last class, I really liked the themes of 
+
+17
+00:01:28,630 --> 00:01:31,650
+the poem. It wasn't just about courtly love, as I 
+
+18
+00:01:31,650 --> 00:01:34,090
+expected. It also could be about power and 
+
+19
+00:01:34,090 --> 00:01:37,790
+weakness. And also, how you connected Raym with 
+
+20
+00:01:37,790 --> 00:01:42,610
+the themes. It was very amazing. Thank you very 
+
+21
+00:01:42,610 --> 00:01:48,050
+much. It's laconic, but what I like about this... 
+
+22
+00:01:48,050 --> 00:01:51,010
+You know what means laconic? Very short. But what 
+
+23
+00:01:51,010 --> 00:01:55,990
+I like about this report, is like the way she is 
+
+24
+00:01:55,990 --> 00:02:01,150
+spontaneous and the way she is recapitulating the 
+
+25
+00:02:01,150 --> 00:02:06,390
+previous class by talking about the theme. Okay, 
+
+26
+00:02:06,610 --> 00:02:15,290
+yes? Yes? Report. Still like we are in the area of 
+
+27
+00:02:15,290 --> 00:02:16,150
+report. 
+
+28
+00:02:24,890 --> 00:02:26,510
+Say good morning, how are you? Like they are 
+
+29
+00:02:26,510 --> 00:02:29,210
+waiting for you, yeah? And you have to look at 
+
+30
+00:02:29,210 --> 00:02:33,160
+them. Good, good. Okay. Last class was an 
+
+31
+00:02:33,160 --> 00:02:36,340
+interesting class because Mr. Habib completed the 
+
+32
+00:02:36,340 --> 00:02:41,000
+last point in the poem. He used his lab and showed 
+
+33
+00:02:41,000 --> 00:02:44,200
+some of the reports about poems, which gave us an 
+
+34
+00:02:44,200 --> 00:02:47,300
+important information. That helped us to 
+
+35
+00:02:47,300 --> 00:02:51,320
+understand more. A lot of students participated 
+
+36
+00:02:51,320 --> 00:02:55,040
+with the teacher. Next, he used a new way that he 
+
+37
+00:02:55,040 --> 00:03:00,640
+divided us for groups, only three students in the 
+
+38
+00:03:00,640 --> 00:03:01,160
+same group. 
+
+39
+00:03:09,990 --> 00:03:12,110
+Collaborative. I like the word collaborative work. 
+
+40
+00:03:13,130 --> 00:03:18,190
+He wanted to ask each group of the first one to 
+
+41
+00:03:18,190 --> 00:03:20,650
+the second one. So the lecture followed up a 
+
+42
+00:03:20,650 --> 00:03:23,530
+discussion and a question. At last, we finished 
+
+43
+00:03:23,530 --> 00:03:28,330
+the whole discussion. Then Mr. Hadif called us to 
+
+44
+00:03:28,330 --> 00:03:33,930
+prepare us to a new bowl. Ah, to prepare a new 
+
+45
+00:03:33,930 --> 00:03:38,230
+bowl. Good. Now I know somebody is like boiling. 
+
+46
+00:03:38,490 --> 00:03:41,450
+She wants to read her report. Is anybody like? 
+
+47
+00:03:42,510 --> 00:03:45,990
+feeling that she needs to read her report before 
+
+48
+00:03:45,990 --> 00:03:52,610
+we shift to the response? Good. So, Henry Howard, 
+
+49
+00:03:52,870 --> 00:03:58,950
+Errol of Surrey. Description of Spring. What do 
+
+50
+00:03:58,950 --> 00:04:08,630
+you think? First, let me see who's ready to give a 
+
+51
+00:04:08,630 --> 00:04:09,170
+response. 
+
+52
+00:04:19,650 --> 00:04:23,110
+The season of buds and blooms fled away, with the 
+
+53
+00:04:23,110 --> 00:04:26,210
+gifts he brought and every spray, with the smiles 
+
+54
+00:04:26,210 --> 00:04:29,410
+he drew on every spot, and the gloom he erased 
+
+55
+00:04:29,410 --> 00:04:33,030
+behind every dot. For the green hills that used to 
+
+56
+00:04:33,030 --> 00:04:36,570
+spring, and the nightingales that always sing, the 
+
+57
+00:04:36,570 --> 00:04:39,710
+season of love will back again, when he reignites 
+
+58
+00:04:39,710 --> 00:04:42,770
+other hills somewhere. It's the angelic season to 
+
+59
+00:04:42,770 --> 00:04:45,550
+blow the joy in the heart, to lob in the yards and 
+
+60
+00:04:45,550 --> 00:04:48,270
+catch the buck's heart. It's the time when hearts 
+
+61
+00:04:48,270 --> 00:04:50,890
+make up their minds to create a castle over 
+
+62
+00:04:50,890 --> 00:04:54,110
+blossoms' rapid sides. Yet some might consider it 
+
+63
+00:04:54,110 --> 00:04:57,890
+a matter of gloom, since in the party they failed 
+
+64
+00:04:57,890 --> 00:05:00,950
+to win a room. Those should be much more aware 
+
+65
+00:05:00,950 --> 00:05:04,670
+that life leaves us rarely fair. Good. Thank you. 
+
+66
+00:05:05,630 --> 00:05:08,590
+I think you are becoming more poetic in your 
+
+67
+00:05:08,590 --> 00:05:14,630
+response. So I think at the end of this course, we 
+
+68
+00:05:14,630 --> 00:05:19,470
+are going to have a new poet. Thank you. Okay, now 
+
+69
+00:05:19,470 --> 00:05:24,910
+let me just elicit your responses, like, you read 
+
+70
+00:05:24,910 --> 00:05:27,870
+something about the poet, you read, like, Henry 
+
+71
+00:05:27,870 --> 00:05:32,270
+Howard. So let me see, like, what's your response 
+
+72
+00:05:32,270 --> 00:05:33,470
+without reading, yes? 
+
+73
+00:05:38,700 --> 00:05:39,060
+No, 
+
+74
+00:05:41,920 --> 00:05:44,120
+I just want you to talk without reading. What do 
+
+75
+00:05:44,120 --> 00:05:46,540
+you think of the poet and what do you think of the 
+
+76
+00:05:46,540 --> 00:05:46,760
+poem? 
+
+77
+00:05:57,940 --> 00:06:04,080
+We have some similarities 
+
+78
+00:06:04,080 --> 00:06:05,300
+and some differences. 
+
+79
+00:06:08,760 --> 00:06:13,420
+So it seems like you are impressed by this summit 
+
+80
+00:06:13,420 --> 00:06:14,820
+more than the previous one? 
+
+81
+00:06:19,030 --> 00:06:19,490
+Okay, 
+
+82
+00:06:28,110 --> 00:06:33,130
+so there is like, you know, an abrupt shift, you 
+
+83
+00:06:33,130 --> 00:06:36,910
+know, in the whole poem. Good. I like the way you 
+
+84
+00:06:36,910 --> 00:06:40,610
+approach the poem, like, and you know, you started 
+
+85
+00:06:40,610 --> 00:06:43,760
+to compare and contrast. And I think comparing and 
+
+86
+00:06:43,760 --> 00:06:49,800
+contrast between two poets is good. And I want 
+
+87
+00:06:49,800 --> 00:06:52,680
+this angle to be developed in our course. 
+
+88
+00:06:53,720 --> 00:06:56,460
+Yesterday, we were dealing with Henry Howard, who 
+
+89
+00:06:56,460 --> 00:07:01,840
+was a great admirer of Sir Thomas Wyatt, the one 
+
+90
+00:07:01,840 --> 00:07:07,280
+who introduced this sonnet. Good. Any other 
+
+91
+00:07:07,280 --> 00:07:13,770
+response? Yes, please. by teaching them the style 
+
+92
+00:07:13,770 --> 00:07:18,690
+of the word, and that it's also epistemic. Yeah, I 
+
+93
+00:07:18,690 --> 00:07:22,350
+like the word ephemism, ephemistic. To be 
+
+94
+00:07:22,350 --> 00:07:26,190
+ephemistic, like, you know how to write this word. 
+
+95
+00:07:27,190 --> 00:07:31,410
+Euphemism, like to use nice words to express harsh 
+
+96
+00:07:31,410 --> 00:07:35,130
+ideas. For example, sometimes it is very 
+
+97
+00:07:35,130 --> 00:07:37,210
+embarrassing to say, I want to go to the toilet. 
+
+98
+00:07:37,810 --> 00:07:40,330
+So a better way is say, I want to wash my hands. 
+
+99
+00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:45,800
+Mr. X, for example, died. This is very shocking. 
+
+100
+00:07:46,040 --> 00:07:49,540
+So he passed away. This is euphemism. But I don't 
+
+101
+00:07:49,540 --> 00:08:04,040
+know why you say he's ephemistic. It means 
+
+102
+00:08:04,040 --> 00:08:08,460
+he's hedging. He's not blunt. He's not direct. 
+
+103
+00:08:09,090 --> 00:08:11,270
+Okay, it seems like we need to develop this 
+
+104
+00:08:11,270 --> 00:08:16,610
+further. Good, thank you. Yes? Yes? 
+
+105
+00:08:20,110 --> 00:08:23,690
+Okay. What do you think? Do you like the poem? 
+
+106
+00:08:24,390 --> 00:08:27,230
+Okay, you can, you're free to say, we like it, we 
+
+107
+00:08:27,230 --> 00:08:30,430
+don't like it. What was the most interesting line 
+
+108
+00:08:30,430 --> 00:08:35,750
+for you? Like, these are, yes? Have you read the 
+
+109
+00:08:35,750 --> 00:08:40,720
+poem? Yeah, was it disturbing? Because some people 
+
+110
+00:08:40,720 --> 00:08:43,420
+thought it was disturbing, because you know, the 
+
+111
+00:08:43,420 --> 00:08:47,800
+language itself is little bit. Yeah, it's archaic 
+
+112
+00:08:47,800 --> 00:08:52,060
+language. It's not like, you know, very formal. 
+
+113
+00:08:52,400 --> 00:08:57,580
+It's archaic. Yes? It is not old English, because 
+
+114
+00:08:57,580 --> 00:08:59,560
+if we are talking about old English, it is 
+
+115
+00:08:59,560 --> 00:09:03,360
+completely different, you know? This is like, you 
+
+116
+00:09:03,360 --> 00:09:06,020
+know, it can be criticized as modern English, you 
+
+117
+00:09:06,020 --> 00:09:10,810
+know? Yes? What about here, people? Yes, please. I 
+
+118
+00:09:10,810 --> 00:09:14,530
+like 
+
+119
+00:09:14,530 --> 00:09:17,450
+this. 
+
+120
+00:09:17,710 --> 00:09:21,270
+I like this. So he was trying, like, to speak 
+
+121
+00:09:21,270 --> 00:09:26,010
+about the internal by talking about... Yeah, and 
+
+122
+00:09:26,010 --> 00:09:28,910
+this is like, you know, one of the differences 
+
+123
+00:09:28,910 --> 00:09:30,610
+between the two. Yes? 
+
+124
+00:09:37,620 --> 00:09:39,640
+It's, can you repeat that? 
+
+125
+00:09:43,800 --> 00:09:48,620
+Good color. Nature. So you think the poem is about 
+
+126
+00:09:48,620 --> 00:09:51,260
+like a change in nature? 
+
+127
+00:09:54,340 --> 00:09:59,450
+He liked that change or he didn't like it? He 
+
+128
+00:09:59,450 --> 00:10:04,270
+liked it, but he's sad because he didn't like one 
+
+129
+00:10:04,270 --> 00:10:09,250
+of the aspects of this change or relief of nature. 
+
+130
+00:10:09,830 --> 00:10:14,530
+He's not included with that. So because he was not 
+
+131
+00:10:14,530 --> 00:10:17,390
+included in that change, do you want to say he was 
+
+132
+00:10:17,390 --> 00:10:19,650
+a little bit envious? You know what's mean 
+
+133
+00:10:19,650 --> 00:10:24,770
+envious? Like he had some envy. Good. I like this. 
+
+134
+00:10:25,690 --> 00:10:30,860
+Yes? At first, he was describing the miracle of 
+
+135
+00:10:30,860 --> 00:10:33,880
+nature and how everything around him is new and 
+
+136
+00:10:33,880 --> 00:10:37,640
+changing. But at the same time, his attitude, he 
+
+137
+00:10:37,640 --> 00:10:39,920
+couldn't change. He couldn't be part of this 
+
+138
+00:10:39,920 --> 00:10:45,080
+change and move on. Good. I liked it. Yes? What 
+
+139
+00:10:45,080 --> 00:10:50,100
+about the other people? Yes? What do you think? I 
+
+140
+00:10:50,100 --> 00:10:53,020
+want to talk about the… Yeah, it seems like all of 
+
+141
+00:10:53,020 --> 00:10:56,420
+you are doing well, but some of you are afraid to 
+
+142
+00:10:56,420 --> 00:11:01,070
+say their opinion. Go ahead. expressed about his 
+
+143
+00:11:01,070 --> 00:11:06,270
+love for nature and the change which happened. Do 
+
+144
+00:11:06,270 --> 00:11:09,670
+you think like he, when he talk about nature, did 
+
+145
+00:11:09,670 --> 00:11:14,390
+he show any feeling and attitude? Yes, he 
+
+146
+00:11:14,390 --> 00:11:19,110
+expressed his insight by expressing about the 
+
+147
+00:11:19,110 --> 00:11:21,370
+outside. So he used the description as a vehicle? 
+
+148
+00:11:22,430 --> 00:11:29,440
+Good. You talked. What about the rest? Yes? You 
+
+149
+00:11:29,440 --> 00:11:30,760
+like the poem or you don't like it? 
+
+150
+00:11:36,980 --> 00:11:44,400
+You talked 
+
+151
+00:11:44,400 --> 00:11:49,060
+about the message. What is the message? Yeah, but 
+
+152
+00:11:49,060 --> 00:11:52,700
+he has a message. Do you think he has a message? I 
+
+153
+00:11:52,700 --> 00:11:55,460
+think when we write, you know, we are having a 
+
+154
+00:11:55,460 --> 00:11:57,840
+message. What is the message? What is the possible 
+
+155
+00:11:57,840 --> 00:11:58,200
+message? 
+
+156
+00:12:15,180 --> 00:12:19,920
+Yes? So, like, the message he's sending, like, 
+
+157
+00:12:19,960 --> 00:12:24,020
+he's different, like, he's, you know, sad. He's 
+
+158
+00:12:24,020 --> 00:12:26,380
+sad. So, he wants, like, to convey his suffering. 
+
+159
+00:12:27,020 --> 00:12:30,560
+Good, okay. Good. 
+
+160
+00:12:33,940 --> 00:12:35,340
+Is he trying to gain our sympathy? 
+
+161
+00:12:38,760 --> 00:12:44,280
+Have you read that? How did you read that? First, 
+
+162
+00:12:44,760 --> 00:12:49,560
+like, I don't know. When you read the poem, you 
+
+163
+00:12:49,560 --> 00:12:54,500
+must have read 
+
+164
+00:12:54,500 --> 00:12:59,500
+it aloud. So this is the poem. And thus I see 
+
+165
+00:12:59,500 --> 00:13:03,480
+among these pleasant things, each care decays and 
+
+166
+00:13:03,480 --> 00:13:07,460
+my sorrow springs. How would you read this? I want 
+
+167
+00:13:07,460 --> 00:13:10,960
+you to read as if you like, when you read it at 
+
+168
+00:13:10,960 --> 00:13:13,500
+home, you must have read it aloud. So how would 
+
+169
+00:13:13,500 --> 00:13:18,410
+you read this last couplet? And I like, you know, 
+
+170
+00:13:18,570 --> 00:13:21,250
+this is a copy. How did you read it? And each care 
+
+171
+00:13:21,250 --> 00:13:24,690
+decays and you know, and thus I see among these 
+
+172
+00:13:24,690 --> 00:13:27,290
+pleasant things, each care decays and yet my soul 
+
+173
+00:13:27,290 --> 00:13:29,450
+springs. You mean how I read it? Yeah, yeah. How 
+
+174
+00:13:29,450 --> 00:13:33,990
+to understand it? Yeah, how you read it aloud. And 
+
+175
+00:13:33,990 --> 00:13:36,690
+thus I see among these pleasant things, each care 
+
+176
+00:13:36,690 --> 00:13:39,350
+decays and yet my soul springs. Do you think this 
+
+177
+00:13:39,350 --> 00:13:41,410
+works like this? Like does this fit with the 
+
+178
+00:13:41,410 --> 00:13:44,890
+atmosphere? No, I want it to be very poetic, as if 
+
+179
+00:13:44,890 --> 00:13:48,850
+you were on the stage and reading this. How would 
+
+180
+00:13:48,850 --> 00:13:55,270
+you read it? Thus, I see among these pleasant 
+
+181
+00:13:55,270 --> 00:14:01,170
+things each care decays and yet my soul springs. 
+
+182
+00:14:01,350 --> 00:14:06,330
+Do you like it like this? I don't like it. Yeah. 
+
+183
+00:14:06,410 --> 00:14:11,760
+So, yeah, there should be sadness going on. And 
+
+184
+00:14:11,760 --> 00:14:17,200
+thus, I see among these pleasant things, each care 
+
+185
+00:14:17,200 --> 00:14:22,980
+decays and yet my sorrow springs. Yes. Yes. Yes. 
+
+186
+00:14:23,280 --> 00:14:26,000
+Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 
+
+187
+00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:27,600
+Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 
+
+188
+00:14:27,600 --> 00:14:33,360
+Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 
+
+223
+00:17:06,620 --> 00:17:10,040
+we have a lot of dead images or images of death
+
+224
+00:17:10,320 --> 00:17:14,360
+Then suddenly, all these images were transformed
+
+225
+00:17:14,360 --> 00:17:22,260
+to images of love, of life and rebirth. Good. This
+
+226
+00:17:22,260 --> 00:17:25,660
+is very interesting. Thank you for giving me this
+
+227
+00:17:25,660 --> 00:17:31,160
+input. Now, let's go to the poet. Nobody told me
+
+228
+00:17:31,160 --> 00:17:36,120
+anything about the poet. As you see here, Henry
+
+229
+00:17:36,120 --> 00:17:40,060
+Howard, Earl of Surrey. And this is like a title,
+
+230
+00:17:40,380 --> 00:17:46,120
+Errol. Errol, it's a title, like Earl to be in
+
+231
+00:17:46,120 --> 00:17:51,000
+response. So it seems like he was a man from the
+
+232
+00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:56,340
+Nobles. He was a man belonging to the court. He
+
+233
+00:17:56,340 --> 00:18:01,780
+was a little bit different from Sir Thomas Wyatt.
+
+234
+00:18:02,800 --> 00:18:09,590
+And look here. All his birth shows that he was
+
+235
+00:18:09,590 --> 00:18:12,370
+noble. He was the eldest son of Thomas Howard and
+
+236
+00:18:12,370 --> 00:18:16,130
+Lady Elizabeth, daughter of Duke. So he's
+
+237
+00:18:16,130 --> 00:18:21,690
+belonging to the royal family. And he was given
+
+238
+00:18:21,690 --> 00:18:29,070
+this title. He himself was a decision maker. And I
+
+239
+00:18:29,070 --> 00:18:35,790
+think he was an important figure in English
+
+240
+00:18:35,790 --> 00:18:42,350
+literature for some reasons. Now Thomas Wyatt was
+
+241
+00:18:42,350 --> 00:18:46,950
+influential, was very important. Why? Because he
+
+242
+00:18:46,950 --> 00:18:51,790
+introduced the sonnet. Now we have here like
+
+243
+00:18:51,790 --> 00:18:57,630
+somebody who did something else. And here we are
+
+244
+00:18:57,630 --> 00:19:02,870
+talking about his achievement. As you see, Henry
+
+245
+00:19:02,870 --> 00:19:05,330
+Howard was one of the founders of the English
+
+246
+00:19:05,330 --> 00:19:08,190
+Renaissance poetry. So when we're talking about
+
+247
+00:19:08,190 --> 00:19:10,830
+Renaissance poetry, we're talking about poetry
+
+248
+00:19:10,830 --> 00:19:15,770
+which was influenced by Latin culture. I think he
+
+249
+00:19:15,770 --> 00:19:22,310
+was, he translated many of Latin writers. And his
+
+250
+00:19:22,310 --> 00:19:25,970
+poetry was imitating, but he was trying to develop
+
+251
+00:19:25,970 --> 00:19:30,370
+the Renaissance poetry. Like he wrote about love,
+
+252
+00:19:30,510 --> 00:19:35,350
+he wrote about death, he wrote about life. So his
+
+253
+00:19:35,350 --> 00:19:38,710
+spectrum of themes was very wide.
+
+254
+00:19:41,830 --> 00:19:46,990
+And I think he is accredited, as you see here, to
+
+255
+00:19:46,990 --> 00:19:50,170
+develop the sonnet. Yes, Wyatt introduced the
+
+256
+00:19:50,170 --> 00:19:54,350
+sonnet, but here we have a poet who developed the
+
+257
+00:19:54,350 --> 00:19:57,700
+sonnet. And what I mean, he developed. I'm not
+
+258
+00:19:57,700 --> 00:20:02,340
+talking about just like the rhyme itself, I mean
+
+259
+00:20:02,340 --> 00:20:08,820
+the couplet, but rather how the sonnet became into
+
+260
+00:20:08,820 --> 00:20:13,060
+four parts rather than two or three parts. So the
+
+261
+00:20:13,060 --> 00:20:19,400
+poem, the sonnet became like four parts, three
+
+262
+00:20:19,400 --> 00:20:23,360
+quatrains, and when I say quatrain, like four
+
+263
+00:20:23,360 --> 00:20:26,550
+lines, and a couplet. And this is what Shakespeare
+
+264
+00:20:26,550 --> 00:20:31,450
+adopted after him. So yes, he developed the
+
+265
+00:20:31,450 --> 00:20:35,890
+sonnet. And the sonnet became more flexible,
+
+266
+00:20:36,110 --> 00:20:37,910
+because if we are talking about the Italian
+
+267
+00:20:37,910 --> 00:20:42,070
+sonnet, an octave and assisted, it is a little bit
+
+268
+00:20:42,070 --> 00:20:45,950
+rigid. You are restrained to introduce the
+
+269
+00:20:45,950 --> 00:20:49,710
+argument in the octave, and then you are forced to
+
+270
+00:20:49,710 --> 00:20:55,470
+put forward the resolution or the solution. And
+
+271
+00:20:55,470 --> 00:20:58,370
+that was very restraining to the poet. But here,
+
+272
+00:20:58,870 --> 00:21:02,710
+you are gaining more flexibility. I like the way
+
+273
+00:21:02,710 --> 00:21:08,470
+they are comparing Wyatt and Surrey. Both of them
+
+274
+00:21:08,470 --> 00:21:13,210
+were the fathers of the English sonnet. Because
+
+275
+00:21:13,210 --> 00:21:17,970
+one introduced it, and the other developed it.
+
+276
+00:21:19,380 --> 00:21:22,040
+However, like one of the most interesting
+
+277
+00:21:22,040 --> 00:21:25,600
+achievement, and he's credited, is the invention
+
+278
+00:21:25,600 --> 00:21:31,020
+of blank verse. When we say blank verse, we're
+
+279
+00:21:31,020 --> 00:21:35,260
+talking about unrhymed
+
+280
+00:21:35,260 --> 00:21:39,960
+iambic pentameter. And Shakespeare is greatly
+
+281
+00:21:39,960 --> 00:21:47,060
+indebted to Surrey because all of Shakespeare's
+
+282
+00:21:47,060 --> 00:21:51,330
+plays were written in blank verse. And blank
+
+283
+00:21:51,330 --> 00:21:57,590
+verse, it is this unrhymed iambic pentameter. I
+
+284
+00:21:57,590 --> 00:21:59,630
+don't know, like, you might have read about his
+
+285
+00:21:59,630 --> 00:22:05,250
+life. He had unfortunate life. And you know what
+
+286
+00:22:05,250 --> 00:22:09,510
+happened to him? You know what happened to him?
+
+287
+00:22:11,830 --> 00:22:14,870
+Why didn't you read about anything about him? You
+
+288
+00:22:14,870 --> 00:22:18,970
+are bad today, you know? I told you you have to
+
+289
+00:22:18,970 --> 00:22:21,830
+read, and I gave you and the reader something
+
+290
+00:22:21,830 --> 00:22:26,350
+about his life. So if you keep slacking off like
+
+291
+00:22:26,350 --> 00:22:31,210
+this, I'll be worried about you if you slack off.
+
+292
+00:22:31,850 --> 00:22:36,390
+I told you sometimes it is very important to read
+
+293
+00:22:36,390 --> 00:22:37,770
+about the life of the poet.
+
+294
+00:22:42,830 --> 00:22:48,180
+Good, let me keep asking you about The lines you
+
+295
+00:22:48,180 --> 00:22:55,760
+like in the poem. Which line do you like? Which
+
+296
+00:22:55,760 --> 00:22:58,600
+line do you like? The couplet?
+
+297
+00:23:01,880 --> 00:23:03,520
+Okay, other than the couplet.
+
+298
+00:23:13,020 --> 00:23:15,280
+Other than the couplet, do you like anything else?
+
+299
+00:23:24,290 --> 00:23:30,030
+Yes. The title. Why do you like it?
+
+300
+00:23:36,090 --> 00:23:36,890
+How?
+
+301
+00:23:40,790 --> 00:23:46,050
+Yeah, very good. Like could
+
+302
+00:23:46,050 --> 00:23:47,330
+you elaborate that for me?
+
+303
+00:24:15,340 --> 00:24:16,740
+Okay.
+
+304
+00:24:19,790 --> 00:24:22,310
+Yes, there is contradiction. I wanted to show you
+
+305
+00:24:22,310 --> 00:24:26,290
+like the trial of the, you know, it seems like you
+
+306
+00:24:26,290 --> 00:24:30,250
+are not having a sound, so we have the, you have a
+
+307
+00:24:30,250 --> 00:24:33,250
+sound system, you are trying it. This is the trial
+
+308
+00:24:33,250 --> 00:24:38,630
+of him. He was trying on pigeon. Okay,
+
+309
+00:24:42,250 --> 00:24:48,190
+I'm sorry. We need the sound system. Like, yes,
+
+310
+00:24:48,370 --> 00:24:56,050
+our poet was convicted. He was executed by King
+
+311
+00:24:56,050 --> 00:25:01,610
+Henry Howard for the accusation of cheating. Like,
+
+312
+00:25:02,710 --> 00:25:11,710
+as we said when we discussed wire, like, you know,
+
+313
+00:25:11,790 --> 00:25:15,690
+the core of human age was born of envy.
+
+314
+00:25:17,420 --> 00:25:24,480
+Conspiracies. And he was accused of conspiring
+
+315
+00:25:24,480 --> 00:25:28,160
+against the king. And the king had no mercy on
+
+316
+00:25:28,160 --> 00:25:35,340
+him. He was executed. He was beheaded. And he was
+
+317
+00:25:35,340 --> 00:25:39,260
+executed. And after nine days, the king himself
+
+318
+00:25:39,260 --> 00:25:43,880
+died. So I don't know whether or not God cares. By
+
+319
+00:25:43,880 --> 00:25:48,600
+the will of God, he cares. Henry Meyer also was
+
+320
+00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:52,460
+accused of treason,
+
+321
+00:25:52,780 --> 00:25:57,140
+but he was not killed. So why did they kill this
+
+322
+00:25:57,140 --> 00:26:02,360
+man? Why did they kill him? Why did the king have
+
+323
+00:26:02,360 --> 00:26:11,340
+mercy on him? I think. Why? Yes, he was, so he was
+
+324
+00:26:11,340 --> 00:26:16,880
+likely to become a king. Why? So he was a threat.
+
+325
+00:26:18,300 --> 00:26:22,760
+He was a threat to the king, so the king wanted to
+
+326
+00:26:22,760 --> 00:26:27,520
+monopolize power, and as we said, the culture of
+
+327
+00:26:27,520 --> 00:26:30,840
+the time was to believe that everybody should
+
+328
+00:26:30,840 --> 00:26:34,640
+respect a position, and the king was appointed by
+
+329
+00:26:34,640 --> 00:26:38,980
+God. This is quite unfortunate about him. I wish
+
+330
+00:26:38,980 --> 00:26:43,190
+we had, you can watch this video It is like the
+
+331
+00:26:43,190 --> 00:26:48,250
+trial of Henry Auer, and you see he is now
+
+332
+00:26:48,250 --> 00:26:54,910
+defending himself in front of the jurors, but
+
+333
+00:26:54,910 --> 00:27:00,810
+since we don't have the, unfortunate that this man
+
+334
+00:27:00,810 --> 00:27:04,970
+is losing his life. Had he lived, he would have
+
+335
+00:27:04,970 --> 00:27:11,610
+been one of the most prolific poets of the 16th
+
+336
+00:27:11,610 --> 00:27:15,670
+century, and he could have surpassed many of the
+
+337
+00:27:15,670 --> 00:27:19,990
+great poets of the time. Now I think it is time to
+
+338
+00:27:19,990 --> 00:27:23,470
+shift to the poem and to read it aloud.
+
+339
+00:27:37,120 --> 00:27:44,320
+The soot season that bud forth and brings With
+
+340
+00:27:44,320 --> 00:27:49,740
+green hath clad the hill and eke the vale The
+
+341
+00:27:49,740 --> 00:27:54,640
+nightingale with feathers anew she sings The
+
+342
+00:27:54,640 --> 00:27:59,440
+turtle to her make hath told her tale Summer is
+
+343
+00:27:59,440 --> 00:28:04,200
+come for every spray now springs The heart hath
+
+344
+00:28:04,200 --> 00:28:09,060
+hung his old head on the pale The buck in break
+
+345
+00:28:09,060 --> 00:28:13,980
+his winter coat he flings The fishes fleet with a
+
+346
+00:28:13,980 --> 00:28:18,500
+new repaired scale The other all her slough away
+
+347
+00:28:18,500 --> 00:28:22,800
+she slings The swift swallow pursues the fly's
+
+348
+00:28:22,800 --> 00:28:27,140
+snail The busy bee her honey now she mings Winter
+
+349
+00:28:27,140 --> 00:28:31,860
+is warm, that was the flower's bail And thus, and
+
+350
+00:28:31,860 --> 00:28:35,780
+thus I see among these pleasant things Each care
+
+351
+00:28:35,780 --> 00:28:42,250
+decays And yet, my sorrow springs. Very beautiful,
+
+352
+00:28:42,390 --> 00:28:47,470
+but sad. Okay. I don't know, you mentioned like in
+
+353
+00:28:47,470 --> 00:28:51,690
+your response that he is, we like him because he's
+
+354
+00:28:51,690 --> 00:28:58,810
+atomistic. He is less, let's say, less denigrating
+
+355
+00:28:58,810 --> 00:29:04,970
+than, less offensive, mainly to women, than Sir
+
+356
+00:29:04,970 --> 00:29:11,050
+Thomas Wyatt. And okay, do you have an example of
+
+357
+00:29:11,050 --> 00:29:14,050
+euphemism? Because I'm interested in this word. Do
+
+358
+00:29:14,050 --> 00:29:19,870
+you have an example of euphemism here? So why did
+
+359
+00:29:19,870 --> 00:29:25,050
+you say he's euphemistic? Because not directly, his
+
+360
+00:29:25,050 --> 00:29:32,050
+words like Thomas, when he said about his lover,
+
+361
+00:29:33,010 --> 00:29:38,640
+about her touch, not even tangible. Uh-huh. So he
+
+362
+00:29:38,640 --> 00:29:42,560
+was not like humiliating,
+
+363
+00:29:42,680 --> 00:29:46,200
+he was not denigrating the woman by describing her
+
+364
+00:29:46,200 --> 00:29:48,900
+how she was. We don't have this description of a
+
+365
+00:29:48,900 --> 00:29:53,600
+woman as we had in, yeah. But I'll give you one,
+
+366
+00:29:54,280 --> 00:30:00,780
+yes? He didn't talk about this at all. Not all
+
+367
+00:30:00,780 --> 00:30:05,160
+about the poem, in the poem. But he just thinked
+
+368
+00:30:05,160 --> 00:30:09,880
+about the title, the title itself. Yes, he hinted
+
+369
+00:30:09,880 --> 00:30:13,620
+about the suffering in the title. But again, if I
+
+370
+00:30:13,620 --> 00:30:19,640
+want to draw your attention to a very explicit in
+
+371
+00:30:19,640 --> 00:30:23,220
+the poem example of euphemism. Like if you look
+
+372
+00:30:23,220 --> 00:30:29,860
+here, the turtle to her make hath told her tale.
+
+373
+00:30:31,960 --> 00:30:35,980
+Now this is very, this is an example of euphemism.
+
+374
+00:30:36,300 --> 00:30:41,750
+We're talking about a turtle and Her mate. A
+
+375
+00:30:41,750 --> 00:30:48,610
+turtle and a mate. Now, of course, we're talking
+
+376
+00:30:48,610 --> 00:30:53,910
+about spring. And spring is the season of rebirth.
+
+377
+00:30:54,630 --> 00:30:59,230
+It is the season of reproduction, regeneration,
+
+378
+00:31:00,070 --> 00:31:07,130
+multiplication. And without, you know, like this,
+
+379
+00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:12,300
+You know, I mean, this relationship among these,
+
+380
+00:31:12,500 --> 00:31:17,440
+you know, let's see, creatures, you know, there is
+
+381
+00:31:17,440 --> 00:31:21,580
+no rebirth. So it is very important, like, when we
+
+382
+00:31:21,580 --> 00:31:27,450
+think of the turtle telling her mate a story. What
+
+383
+00:31:27,450 --> 00:31:30,430
+kind of story? Like he talks about the story. But
+
+384
+00:31:30,430 --> 00:31:35,090
+here we are talking about intercourse. Intercourse
+
+385
+00:31:35,090 --> 00:31:39,530
+among like this. Because this is a month of
+
+386
+00:31:39,530 --> 00:31:43,330
+regeneration. But look how he spoke about this.
+
+387
+00:31:43,670 --> 00:31:47,250
+you know, intercourse in a very, you know,
+
+388
+00:31:48,650 --> 00:31:50,650
+euphemistic way. He didn't say, like, they are
+
+389
+00:31:50,650 --> 00:31:54,050
+making love, you know, in a way, but he say, she
+
+390
+00:31:54,050 --> 00:31:56,590
+is, and this is like, we understand, this is like
+
+391
+00:31:56,590 --> 00:31:59,930
+a love story, you know, which involves, like, you
+
+392
+00:31:59,930 --> 00:32:02,950
+know, this intercourse. It's an example of
+
+393
+00:32:02,950 --> 00:32:06,190
+euphemism. But let me go to the poem. Some of you
+
+394
+00:32:06,190 --> 00:32:10,670
+said that this poem is amazing. Who said that?
+
+395
+00:32:13,100 --> 00:32:14,340
+Yeah, you said it is amazing.
+
+396
+00:32:17,200 --> 00:32:23,580
+So you
+
+397
+00:32:23,580 --> 00:32:28,400
+want to say like this poem has very beautiful and
+
+398
+00:32:28,400 --> 00:32:33,560
+lively description. Why? Because of the images. We
+
+399
+00:32:33,560 --> 00:32:36,100
+were talking about the images. We're talking about
+
+400
+00:32:36,100 --> 00:32:40,380
+words that represent an image. We're talking about
+
+401
+00:32:41,230 --> 00:32:45,350
+you know, imagery, like visual images, sound
+
+402
+00:32:45,350 --> 00:32:52,230
+images, you know, kinetic images, thermal images.
+
+403
+00:32:53,210 --> 00:32:56,750
+Okay? There is something I want you to read, you
+
+404
+00:32:56,750 --> 00:32:58,990
+know, in the reader. There is something about
+
+405
+00:32:58,990 --> 00:33:01,310
+imagery, the types of imagery, and I think you
+
+406
+00:33:01,310 --> 00:33:05,050
+should read because, you know, we might discuss
+
+407
+00:33:05,050 --> 00:33:07,710
+this further in the next class.
+
+408
+00:33:11,650 --> 00:33:17,170
+Some of you said like, I was, I liked the poem
+
+409
+00:33:17,170 --> 00:33:23,210
+because he was shifting from the external to the
+
+410
+00:33:23,210 --> 00:33:31,290
+internal. He was like, he gave, you know, like the
+
+411
+00:33:31,290 --> 00:33:35,070
+beautiful description of spring, and suddenly, you
+
+412
+00:33:35,070 --> 00:33:36,890
+know, he shifted to himself.
+
+413
+00:33:
+
+445
+00:36:16,090 --> 00:36:21,610
+irony. Why? Because here you see the change is 
+
+446
+00:36:21,610 --> 00:36:27,690
+dominant. It dominates all the vista, but he's not 
+
+447
+00:36:27,690 --> 00:36:31,530
+included. You see what I mean? Martin Luther King, 
+
+448
+00:36:32,390 --> 00:36:37,130
+in his famous speech, I Have a Dream, said, you 
+
+449
+00:36:37,130 --> 00:36:40,470
+know, and here, you know, we are living in an 
+
+450
+00:36:40,470 --> 00:36:45,350
+island of poverty, you know, amidst an ocean of 
+
+451
+00:36:45,350 --> 00:36:50,780
+materialistic prosperity. So how come? You are 
+
+452
+00:36:50,780 --> 00:36:54,100
+impoverished, you are poor, in a world which was 
+
+453
+00:36:54,100 --> 00:36:58,780
+full of opulence and richness. So here there is 
+
+454
+00:36:58,780 --> 00:37:02,780
+disparity. So the disparity here, like the change 
+
+455
+00:37:02,780 --> 00:37:09,680
+in nature, was dominant. It dominated the whole 
+
+456
+00:37:09,680 --> 00:37:12,980
+vista, the whole creatures. But when it comes to 
+
+457
+00:37:12,980 --> 00:37:17,820
+the poet, this reminds me of the rhyme of Ancient 
+
+458
+00:37:17,820 --> 00:37:23,460
+Mariner. when the mariner was like aspiring for 
+
+459
+00:37:23,460 --> 00:37:26,000
+something to drink, but he was in the ocean and he 
+
+460
+00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:30,660
+said, water, water, everywhere. The board did 
+
+461
+00:37:30,660 --> 00:37:34,080
+shrink, but there is no drop to drink. Don't you 
+
+462
+00:37:34,080 --> 00:37:37,500
+think this is an irony? Yes. And here the irony is 
+
+463
+00:37:37,500 --> 00:37:42,080
+like, look here, we started to talk about ironies, 
+
+464
+00:37:42,200 --> 00:37:46,120
+images, you know, and we have not yet read the 
+
+465
+00:37:46,120 --> 00:37:51,550
+poem or even paraphrased it. But you know, when it 
+
+466
+00:37:51,550 --> 00:37:54,470
+comes to me, I like this line, the swift swallow 
+
+467
+00:37:54,470 --> 00:38:00,070
+pursues the fly's mane. I like this. Why should 
+
+468
+00:38:00,070 --> 00:38:05,350
+you like a line like this? Huh? Why should you 
+
+469
+00:38:05,350 --> 00:38:09,310
+like, the swift swallow pursues the fly's mane? 
+
+470
+00:38:11,270 --> 00:38:19,330
+Okay. Yes? The S sound, yes. The alliteration. 
+
+471
+00:38:24,220 --> 00:38:28,460
+And it gives like this sound, the swift swallow. 
+
+472
+00:38:29,360 --> 00:38:33,580
+You know, the swift swallow. It is like the sound 
+
+473
+00:38:33,580 --> 00:38:37,460
+image. The sound image is made this, the swift 
+
+474
+00:38:37,460 --> 00:38:43,470
+swallow. pursues the fly's mate. It's an image. 
+
+475
+00:38:43,850 --> 00:38:48,370
+It's an image of hyperactivity, like the swift 
+
+476
+00:38:48,370 --> 00:38:52,230
+swallow is relentless, is always following, you 
+
+477
+00:38:52,230 --> 00:38:56,910
+know, the flower, like, going there, the flies on 
+
+478
+00:38:56,910 --> 00:39:00,850
+the flower. And I like the buzzy bee as well. The 
+
+479
+00:39:00,850 --> 00:39:06,640
+buzzy bee. Buzzy bee. We have a sound image here, 
+
+480
+00:39:06,820 --> 00:39:11,320
+but we have a figure of speech also. Excellent. We 
+
+481
+00:39:11,320 --> 00:39:13,480
+have onomatopoeia. 
+
+482
+00:39:15,200 --> 00:39:18,480
+Onomatopoeia, it is like, are you familiar with 
+
+483
+00:39:18,480 --> 00:39:25,140
+this term? Onomatopoeia. So I think, you know, 
+
+484
+00:39:25,200 --> 00:39:29,980
+here we have a poet who has musical ear more than, 
+
+485
+00:39:30,160 --> 00:39:33,440
+you know, our like poet. 
+
+486
+00:39:44,210 --> 00:39:46,290
+Okay, I can write it. 
+
+487
+00:39:54,230 --> 00:39:59,550
+Onomatopoeia. Onomatopoeia, it means the sound 
+
+488
+00:39:59,550 --> 00:40:06,130
+suggests the meaning. And the Meze B, okay, I just 
+
+489
+00:40:06,130 --> 00:40:06,870
+write it here. 
+
+490
+00:40:09,590 --> 00:40:10,290
+Okay. 
+
+491
+00:40:17,290 --> 00:40:22,450
+We mentioned like, perhaps like poetry, like uses 
+
+492
+00:40:22,450 --> 00:40:26,070
+onomatopoeia. And I think we once talked about 
+
+493
+00:40:26,070 --> 00:40:29,750
+onomatopoeia. 
+
+494
+00:40:33,140 --> 00:40:37,880
+Onomatopoeia, like onomatopoeic words like tick, 
+
+495
+00:40:38,560 --> 00:40:46,500
+tick, like splash, you know, like kick, like hiss, 
+
+496
+00:40:47,340 --> 00:40:51,840
+like whisper, you know, these are onomatopoeic 
+
+497
+00:40:51,840 --> 00:40:52,460
+words. 
+
+498
+00:40:55,080 --> 00:41:00,960
+Okay, let's look at the poem again. Were you 
+
+499
+00:41:00,960 --> 00:41:05,060
+disturbed a little bit by, because some people 
+
+500
+00:41:05,060 --> 00:41:09,280
+were disturbed by the soot. This is like Chaucer, 
+
+501
+00:41:09,360 --> 00:41:12,180
+huh? Have you ever read something from Chaucer? 
+
+502
+00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:19,380
+The soot season, it means the sweet season. Now, 
+
+503
+00:41:19,720 --> 00:41:25,760
+the soot and the word eek, like what's been eek? 
+
+504
+00:41:26,720 --> 00:41:33,050
+Also, you know? So these words are archaic words, 
+
+505
+00:41:34,490 --> 00:41:38,090
+archaic words. And when we say archaic words, 
+
+506
+00:41:40,190 --> 00:41:47,610
+words which are old words, archaic, 
+
+507
+00:41:56,300 --> 00:42:00,760
+So poets sometimes embellish. You know what's mean 
+
+508
+00:42:00,760 --> 00:42:05,920
+embellish? Embellish, beautify. Embellishment, 
+
+509
+00:42:06,320 --> 00:42:15,080
+like to beautify, embellish their 
+
+510
+00:42:15,080 --> 00:42:21,380
+poetry by using archaic words. And archaism gives 
+
+511
+00:42:21,380 --> 00:42:29,560
+a sense of oldness, a rustic nature to the poem. 
+
+512
+00:42:30,640 --> 00:42:35,380
+It's like it makes it very poetic. And I think 
+
+513
+00:42:35,380 --> 00:42:39,560
+later this use of archaism will be developed more 
+
+514
+00:42:39,560 --> 00:42:43,800
+and more by the famous Elizabethan poet, I mean 
+
+515
+00:42:43,800 --> 00:42:48,840
+Edmund Spencer. I know we don't have time, but 
+
+516
+00:42:48,840 --> 00:42:55,870
+I'll do my best to paraphrase with you the poem in 
+
+517
+00:42:55,870 --> 00:42:59,630
+order to reconsider, like the poem next time, in a 
+
+518
+00:42:59,630 --> 00:43:03,310
+very critical manner. 
+
+519
+00:43:04,990 --> 00:43:08,870
+Let's read the poem. The soot season that bud and 
+
+520
+00:43:08,870 --> 00:43:14,990
+bloom forth springs with green hath clad the hill 
+
+521
+00:43:14,990 --> 00:43:22,270
+and eke the vale. It is, see here, The season of 
+
+522
+00:43:22,270 --> 00:43:26,510
+spring is dominating the whole vista. It's 
+
+523
+00:43:26,510 --> 00:43:29,890
+dominating the whole vista. And this shows how 
+
+524
+00:43:29,890 --> 00:43:36,530
+entire the change is. How entire. It is very 
+
+525
+00:43:36,530 --> 00:43:41,430
+panoramic. Very panoramic. We're talking about a 
+
+526
+00:43:41,430 --> 00:43:45,670
+change in nature. So it included every creature 
+
+527
+00:43:45,670 --> 00:43:48,130
+and every aspect of nature. With the greenhouse 
+
+528
+00:43:48,130 --> 00:43:52,440
+cloud, the hill and the lake, the vale. Okay, now 
+
+529
+00:43:52,440 --> 00:43:54,140
+we'll talk about personification, figures of 
+
+530
+00:43:54,140 --> 00:43:57,540
+speech, imagery next time, but this is like to 
+
+531
+00:43:57,540 --> 00:44:00,900
+preface the poem. The nightingale with feather now 
+
+532
+00:44:00,900 --> 00:44:04,640
+she sings. The nightingale with feather now she 
+
+533
+00:44:04,640 --> 00:44:11,860
+sings. Okay? The turtle to her make hath told her 
+
+534
+00:44:11,860 --> 00:44:17,030
+tale. Summer is coming. For every spring now 
+
+535
+00:44:17,030 --> 00:44:21,270
+springs. Again spring and spring. It is full of 
+
+536
+00:44:21,270 --> 00:44:26,350
+sound, you know. The heart has hung his old head 
+
+537
+00:44:26,350 --> 00:44:32,770
+on the... What is the heart? The male deer. The 
+
+538
+00:44:32,770 --> 00:44:36,450
+buck. It breaks. What is the buck? Also a deer, 
+
+539
+00:44:36,750 --> 00:44:41,610
+but it's a male. Look here. Some of the creatures 
+
+540
+00:44:41,610 --> 00:44:46,810
+are male, and we know that males are not always 
+
+541
+00:44:46,810 --> 00:44:52,810
+associated with rebirth. But here, why do you 
+
+542
+00:44:52,810 --> 00:44:54,930
+think that mentioning the male is significant? 
+
+543
+00:44:56,630 --> 00:45:02,210
+This shows How powerful the thrust of life is. You 
+
+544
+00:45:02,210 --> 00:45:04,690
+know what it means? The thrust of life. The power 
+
+545
+00:45:04,690 --> 00:45:08,010
+of life. It is very powerful. The motive of life 
+
+546
+00:45:08,010 --> 00:45:12,630
+is powerful. It is so powerful that it included 
+
+547
+00:45:12,630 --> 00:45:16,250
+even the male creatures... ...who are not 
+
+548
+00:45:16,250 --> 00:45:19,610
+associated with rebirth. Because rebirth is all 
+
+549
+00:45:19,610 --> 00:45:22,850
+the time associated with the feminine. With female 
+
+550
+00:45:22,850 --> 00:45:30,280
+rather than male. Okay, the fishes float with new 
+
+551
+00:45:30,280 --> 00:45:33,880
+repaired scale. What a wonderful image is this. 
+
+552
+00:45:35,120 --> 00:45:39,200
+The other, all her slough away she slinks. The 
+
+553
+00:45:39,200 --> 00:45:44,360
+other, the snake, the swift swallow pursues the 
+
+554
+00:45:44,360 --> 00:45:49,720
+fly's male. Swallow is moving from one branch of 
+
+555
+00:45:49,720 --> 00:45:54,420
+tree to another to follow, you know, the fly. The 
+
+556
+00:45:54,420 --> 00:45:59,520
+busy bee here, honey now, she minks. Minks, mixes. 
+
+557
+00:46:00,180 --> 00:46:04,160
+It is mingles, you know. Winter is one that was 
+
+558
+00:46:04,160 --> 00:46:08,980
+flowers big. So here, the whole stanza is 
+
+559
+00:46:08,980 --> 00:46:14,220
+recapitulated by this line. Winter is behind. 
+
+560
+00:46:14,640 --> 00:46:21,320
+Winter is behind now. And thus, I see among these 
+
+561
+00:46:21,320 --> 00:46:26,190
+pleasant things Each care decays, and yet my 
+
+562
+00:46:26,190 --> 00:46:31,250
+sorrow springs. Very sad. So look here, it's a 
+
+563
+00:46:31,250 --> 00:46:37,170
+shift. It is like, as if you see here, like we 
+
+564
+00:46:37,170 --> 00:46:40,990
+have parallelism. Each line, there is, you know, 
+
+565
+00:46:41,530 --> 00:46:45,870
+something changing from death to life. But 
+
+566
+00:46:45,870 --> 00:46:51,530
+suddenly, you know, something is immune to change. 
+
+567
+00:46:52,300 --> 00:46:57,180
+is not susceptible to change, which is like the 
+
+568
+00:46:57,180 --> 00:47:01,980
+misery and the agony. Okay, so you see we have a 
+
+569
+00:47:01,980 --> 00:47:05,820
+novel man who's talking about his suffering in a 
+
+570
+00:47:05,820 --> 00:47:11,360
+very polite and gentle manner. So I think we have 
+
+571
+00:47:11,360 --> 00:47:14,960
+a a better idea about the poem. Next time, we're 
+
+572
+00:47:14,960 --> 00:47:20,200
+going to concentrate on this poem more, to explore 
+
+573
+00:47:20,200 --> 00:47:23,160
+it further, to see the figures of speech, to see 
+
+574
+00:47:23,160 --> 00:47:28,860
+the rhyme, the rhythm, the sonic, and so on. Side 
+
+575
+00:47:28,860 --> 00:47:33,740
+by side, I want you also to prepare the second 
+
+576
+00:47:33,740 --> 00:47:38,660
+part of the critical plan, okay? So do you have 
+
+577
+00:47:38,660 --> 00:47:40,880
+any question? Thank you.

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/LE5sUeIfHpY_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1580 @@
+1
+00:00:12,220 --> 00:00:19,360
+Good morning everybody. How are you? Good. How was
+
+2
+00:00:19,360 --> 00:00:25,760
+the weekend first? Did you have a nice time? Why?
+
+3
+00:00:28,160 --> 00:00:31,480
+You have to study. We had to study. To study what?
+
+4
+00:00:33,740 --> 00:00:41,000
+To study for exams. More exams. Good. And I think
+
+5
+00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:44,900
+you had the poetry exam. Yes. How was it? Yes. It
+
+6
+00:00:44,900 --> 00:00:48,860
+was good. But the time was not enough. The time
+
+7
+00:00:48,860 --> 00:00:52,360
+was not enough? Yes. I think we gave you five
+
+8
+00:00:52,360 --> 00:00:57,140
+minutes more. No. Yes. Just enough. Okay, we said
+
+9
+00:00:57,140 --> 00:01:00,040
+like I told them to give you five minutes more. I
+
+10
+00:01:00,040 --> 00:01:03,120
+think even like some students finished before the
+
+11
+00:01:03,120 --> 00:01:08,040
+hour. And yes, so it depends like how you organize
+
+12
+00:01:08,040 --> 00:01:11,220
+your time. It depends like what you are writing.
+
+13
+00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:14,240
+If you remember the second question didn't need
+
+14
+00:01:14,240 --> 00:01:18,060
+like long time or space even. You have to answer
+
+15
+00:01:18,060 --> 00:01:25,170
+the questions in one or two lines. Good. So today
+
+16
+00:01:25,170 --> 00:01:30,990
+we are going to have a big leap. You know what's
+
+17
+00:01:30,990 --> 00:01:35,930
+mean leap? Jump, like we're going to skip perhaps
+
+18
+00:01:35,930 --> 00:01:42,470
+a century and a half. You know last week before
+
+19
+00:01:42,470 --> 00:01:47,750
+the exam we discussed the mathematical poetry
+
+20
+00:01:47,750 --> 00:01:51,370
+represented by John Donne and his poem, Better My
+
+21
+00:01:51,370 --> 00:01:54,850
+Heart. So we had a feeling about the century, the
+
+22
+00:01:54,850 --> 00:01:57,750
+intellectualism of the century, the political
+
+23
+00:01:57,750 --> 00:01:58,570
+uncertainty,
+
+24
+00:02:01,270 --> 00:02:05,330
+the subversive poetic technique of those
+
+25
+00:02:05,330 --> 00:02:07,070
+metaphysical poets.
+
+26
+00:02:09,890 --> 00:02:13,710
+We also saw, when I gave you a historical
+
+27
+00:02:13,710 --> 00:02:19,090
+background, how the 17th century was full of
+
+28
+00:02:19,090 --> 00:02:25,890
+revolutions, unrest, instability, political
+
+29
+00:02:25,890 --> 00:02:30,570
+controversies and debates, and how it ended or,
+
+30
+00:02:30,830 --> 00:02:34,450
+you know, the revolution itself ended with the
+
+31
+00:02:34,450 --> 00:02:40,260
+restoration of the king. Today, we're going I
+
+32
+00:02:40,260 --> 00:02:44,180
+mean, we're skipping the Restoration period.
+
+33
+00:02:44,900 --> 00:02:48,060
+However, I think it is indispensable, if not
+
+34
+00:02:48,060 --> 00:02:51,140
+imperative, that we should talk something about
+
+35
+00:02:51,140 --> 00:02:56,300
+that period because it is difficult to estimate or
+
+36
+00:02:56,300 --> 00:03:01,120
+understand Romanticism without talking about the
+
+37
+00:03:01,120 --> 00:03:03,140
+Restoration period or what is called
+
+38
+00:03:03,140 --> 00:03:06,560
+alternatively, the Age of Reason or the Augustan
+
+39
+00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:11,140
+Age. I don't want to start lecturing before
+
+40
+00:03:11,140 --> 00:03:15,780
+listening to your reports, you know, and if you
+
+41
+00:03:15,780 --> 00:03:18,720
+have a response I don't mind, but I want to listen
+
+42
+00:03:18,720 --> 00:03:21,680
+to reports because it seems like after the exam
+
+43
+00:03:21,680 --> 00:03:25,580
+some students had something to say. Yes, please.
+
+44
+00:03:33,550 --> 00:03:36,090
+My poem is about stress. You have to say good
+
+45
+00:03:36,090 --> 00:03:40,070
+morning for you. Good morning everybody. Stress
+
+46
+00:03:40,070 --> 00:03:43,430
+and pressure, pressure, that's unfair. There are
+
+47
+00:03:43,430 --> 00:03:46,490
+many duties to have, so I have to take exams,
+
+48
+00:03:46,730 --> 00:03:49,570
+presentations and researches everywhere. Go to
+
+49
+00:03:49,570 --> 00:03:52,350
+this library and another one is there. Look for
+
+50
+00:03:52,350 --> 00:03:56,590
+books in shelves ground and there. Would you mind
+
+51
+00:03:56,590 --> 00:04:00,030
+boring some sir? Thinking and rethinking is what
+
+52
+00:04:00,030 --> 00:04:05,550
+to do and dare. Am I have a choice to say stop it
+
+53
+00:04:05,550 --> 00:04:11,050
+or I guess no, I just have to obey. Anyone help me
+
+54
+00:04:11,050 --> 00:04:13,770
+please, I can't stand, I can't stand and bear.
+
+55
+00:04:14,070 --> 00:04:17,490
+Thank you. Thank you very much. It's a wonderful
+
+56
+00:04:17,490 --> 00:04:21,090
+poem and it shows that we are on the right track.
+
+57
+00:04:21,950 --> 00:04:24,610
+I mean, we teachers, we department, we are on the
+
+58
+00:04:24,610 --> 00:04:28,770
+right track because yes, we succeeded in putting
+
+59
+00:04:28,770 --> 00:04:33,290
+you in much trouble. And I think this is where you
+
+60
+00:04:33,290 --> 00:04:35,570
+can learn, where you can develop your skills.
+
+61
+00:04:38,490 --> 00:04:43,250
+Yes, I was thinking of the oxymoron which says,
+
+62
+00:04:43,850 --> 00:04:45,970
+you know, this is what we call the delicious
+
+63
+00:04:45,970 --> 00:04:51,610
+torment. You know, something is like torture,
+
+64
+00:04:52,170 --> 00:04:56,770
+torment, but it is delicious. Why? Because You
+
+65
+00:04:56,770 --> 00:05:01,050
+benefit, you learn from this experience of being
+
+66
+00:05:01,050 --> 00:05:04,010
+under the pressure of the exam, under the pressure
+
+67
+00:05:04,010 --> 00:05:07,930
+of lectures, classes, coming in even under the
+
+68
+00:05:07,930 --> 00:05:12,870
+pressure of fluctuating weather. It's good. Okay,
+
+69
+00:05:13,170 --> 00:05:16,570
+there is space for another report.
+
+70
+00:05:18,130 --> 00:05:23,950
+And this time I have to pick out one. Yes? Yes.
+
+71
+00:05:32,420 --> 00:05:37,150
+Good morning everybody. In that day, we come to
+
+72
+00:05:37,150 --> 00:05:40,110
+the lecture with frustration because we suffered a
+
+73
+00:05:40,110 --> 00:05:42,990
+lot in that day and we had an examination.
+
+74
+00:05:43,490 --> 00:05:45,970
+Actually, at the beginning of that day, I came
+
+75
+00:05:45,970 --> 00:05:48,870
+with some motivation to the poetry lecture. But
+
+76
+00:05:48,870 --> 00:05:52,270
+unfortunately, I remembered our exam and began to
+
+77
+00:05:52,270 --> 00:05:54,730
+feel in pressure. I believe in that condition
+
+78
+00:05:54,730 --> 00:05:57,390
+which says if you study hard, you will get a high
+
+79
+00:05:57,390 --> 00:06:00,610
+mark. But what is the benefit we harvest because
+
+80
+00:06:00,610 --> 00:06:03,690
+of the serious study and then we feel like a
+
+81
+00:06:03,690 --> 00:06:06,880
+broken heart? Actually, I don't like to make you
+
+82
+00:06:06,880 --> 00:06:11,720
+hate exams. I don't want to exaggerate. Just what
+
+83
+00:06:11,720 --> 00:06:14,540
+I like to say that the crowded schedule of exams
+
+84
+00:06:14,540 --> 00:06:18,600
+this semester made me to become so desperate. Made
+
+85
+00:06:18,600 --> 00:06:23,000
+me become what? Oh God, I forgot to talk about the
+
+86
+00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:25,840
+pottery lecture. Actually, this is the only thing
+
+87
+00:06:25,840 --> 00:06:29,220
+I admire because it motivates me to like it with
+
+88
+00:06:29,220 --> 00:06:30,680
+some feelings of desire.
+
+89
+00:06:34,780 --> 00:06:38,440
+We continued explaining about the poem of John
+
+90
+00:06:38,440 --> 00:06:42,620
+Donne and discussed many issues about that with
+
+91
+00:06:42,620 --> 00:06:46,020
+some fun. After that, Mr. Habib explained for us
+
+92
+00:06:46,020 --> 00:06:50,520
+the main features of metaphysical poetry and then
+
+93
+00:06:50,520 --> 00:06:54,360
+we talked about the exam of poetry and he advised
+
+94
+00:06:54,360 --> 00:06:57,940
+us to concentrate in our study by saying, poetry
+
+95
+00:06:57,940 --> 00:07:01,080
+is poetry. Ah, this is very interesting.
+
+96
+00:07:03,670 --> 00:07:09,890
+Right. Thank you for your reports. Today is
+
+97
+00:07:09,890 --> 00:07:13,210
+supposed to be a general background about
+
+98
+00:07:13,210 --> 00:07:18,710
+Romanticism. And as I said in the introductory
+
+99
+00:07:18,710 --> 00:07:22,790
+note, we cannot understand Romanticism without
+
+100
+00:07:22,790 --> 00:07:28,310
+understanding the period before that.
+
+101
+00:07:31,710 --> 00:07:34,130
+So the restoration period, which was called
+
+102
+00:07:34,130 --> 00:07:41,090
+alternatively the Augustan Age, was the age of
+
+103
+00:07:41,090 --> 00:07:47,110
+reason also. Reason was privileged over passion,
+
+104
+00:07:47,950 --> 00:07:52,210
+over feelings. Everything was governed by reason.
+
+105
+00:07:55,370 --> 00:07:58,210
+Imagination expressing
+
+106
+00:07:59,770 --> 00:08:06,070
+your feelings were things of like taboos. People
+
+107
+00:08:06,070 --> 00:08:10,310
+who intended to express their own feelings to
+
+108
+00:08:10,310 --> 00:08:15,330
+write imaginative literature were seen as like
+
+109
+00:08:15,330 --> 00:08:21,450
+crazy or lunatic. The age was characterized by
+
+110
+00:08:21,450 --> 00:08:28,030
+certain rules, certain social and even poetic
+
+111
+00:08:28,030 --> 00:08:28,510
+rules.
+
+112
+00:08:33,670 --> 00:08:38,150
+In terms like society was more important than
+
+113
+00:08:38,150 --> 00:08:39,390
+individual.
+
+114
+00:08:41,450 --> 00:08:46,570
+It was the age of industry. I mean, we are talking
+
+115
+00:08:46,570 --> 00:08:51,410
+about 18th century. It was the age of industrial
+
+116
+00:08:51,410 --> 00:08:58,770
+revolution. It was the age of mechanization. So
+
+117
+00:08:58,770 --> 00:09:04,630
+individuals, were replaced by machine. Man was
+
+118
+00:09:04,630 --> 00:09:08,410
+replaced by machine. And that was a little bit
+
+119
+00:09:08,410 --> 00:09:13,270
+disappointing to people, to individuals, because
+
+120
+00:09:13,270 --> 00:09:17,410
+losing your place, being replaced by a machine
+
+121
+00:09:17,410 --> 00:09:21,650
+causes some disillusionment in your mental
+
+122
+00:09:21,650 --> 00:09:23,330
+landscape.
+
+123
+00:09:27,590 --> 00:09:33,250
+Things like, as I said, poets like Alexander Pope,
+
+124
+00:09:33,590 --> 00:09:39,970
+John Dryden, were having the supremacy. John
+
+125
+00:09:39,970 --> 00:09:43,950
+Dryden, or I mean Alexander Pope, wrote many poems
+
+126
+00:09:43,950 --> 00:09:47,230
+telling
+
+127
+00:09:47,230 --> 00:09:52,190
+people what to do. So their poetry was didactic
+
+128
+00:09:52,190 --> 00:09:54,790
+poetry. You know what I mean, didactic? Yes.
+
+129
+00:09:59,420 --> 00:10:05,280
+teaches lessons. Yes. Yes, their poetry was
+
+130
+00:10:05,280 --> 00:10:08,820
+didactic. They were telling people like what to
+
+131
+00:10:08,820 --> 00:10:10,120
+do, how to behave.
+
+132
+00:10:14,660 --> 00:10:19,480
+Alexander Poe in his poem on nature, he said,
+
+133
+00:10:20,160 --> 00:10:24,900
+first follow nature and your judgment frame. They
+
+134
+00:10:24,900 --> 00:10:28,970
+are never erring. They are always the same. So
+
+135
+00:10:28,970 --> 00:10:33,310
+nature, he said, it's in your book, Alexander
+
+136
+00:10:33,310 --> 00:10:40,850
+Pope, you know, on nature. He says, first follow
+
+137
+00:10:40,850 --> 00:10:44,250
+nature and your judgment frame. They are never
+
+138
+00:10:44,250 --> 00:10:46,070
+erring, they are always the same.
+
+139
+00:10:49,870 --> 00:10:52,950
+I'm trying to retrieve it here. First follow
+
+140
+00:10:52,950 --> 00:10:55,990
+nature and your judgment frame. It's from ASA to
+
+141
+00:10:55,990 --> 00:11:00,620
+criticism. What is he telling us? Yes, as you see,
+
+142
+00:11:00,880 --> 00:11:05,140
+yes, this is part of, you know, I cannot have
+
+143
+00:11:05,140 --> 00:11:10,500
+access to the poem. Okay, but we can skip it. So
+
+144
+00:11:10,500 --> 00:11:12,440
+as you see in the poem, he's telling us what to
+
+145
+00:11:12,440 --> 00:11:16,020
+do. To follow nature.
+
+146
+00:11:18,200 --> 00:11:23,670
+To follow nature. and follow reason. Nature was
+
+147
+00:11:23,670 --> 00:11:27,430
+full of rules. Later in the Romantic period, we're
+
+148
+00:11:27,430 --> 00:11:30,990
+going to see the Romantics following nature. But
+
+149
+00:11:30,990 --> 00:11:35,150
+their perception of nature will be quite different
+
+150
+00:11:35,150 --> 00:11:40,570
+from the neoclassical perception of nature. The
+
+151
+00:11:40,570 --> 00:11:45,730
+neoclassics, I mean those
+
+152
+00:11:45,730 --> 00:11:49,310
+poets of the Age of Reason, believe that nature
+
+153
+00:11:51,300 --> 00:11:54,020
+was an example to be followed because it was
+
+154
+00:11:54,020 --> 00:11:57,900
+systematic. It was following rules. The day was
+
+155
+00:11:57,900 --> 00:12:00,620
+following the night in a very systematic, the
+
+156
+00:12:00,620 --> 00:12:03,860
+seasons. So if you want to learn how to organize
+
+157
+00:12:03,860 --> 00:12:07,460
+yourself, you have to look at nature, which is
+
+158
+00:12:07,460 --> 00:12:11,680
+methodized according to what Alexander Pope says
+
+159
+00:12:11,680 --> 00:12:17,010
+in A.C. in Chrysism. So their main concern was not
+
+160
+00:12:17,010 --> 00:12:24,170
+to sway, not to go astray. So if you follow
+
+161
+00:12:24,170 --> 00:12:31,030
+reason, your mind, if you follow nature, you're
+
+162
+00:12:31,030 --> 00:12:34,310
+going to be all right. However, if you follow your
+
+163
+00:12:34,310 --> 00:12:38,630
+imagination, if you follow your idiosyncratic
+
+164
+00:12:38,630 --> 00:12:44,880
+feelings, you'll be Yes, you'll be mad. You'll be
+
+165
+00:12:44,880 --> 00:12:49,580
+marginalized. You're not a normal human being.
+
+166
+00:12:50,740 --> 00:12:54,100
+Within this culture, I mean, the culture of
+
+167
+00:12:54,100 --> 00:13:00,360
+reason, as I said, the main concern was society.
+
+168
+00:13:02,280 --> 00:13:08,880
+The position of the individual was relegated, you
+
+169
+00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:18,860
+know, got a very minor place in the concern of the
+
+170
+00:13:18,860 --> 00:13:22,620
+age itself. So the individual position was not
+
+171
+00:13:22,620 --> 00:13:26,800
+seen, individual was not seen as what the
+
+172
+00:13:26,800 --> 00:13:30,440
+romantics would later say, a reservoir of
+
+173
+00:13:30,440 --> 00:13:35,720
+possibilities. The individual was seen as only a
+
+174
+00:13:35,720 --> 00:13:39,620
+member in that community. So you are only
+
+175
+00:13:39,620 --> 00:13:43,620
+important as long as you are part of that
+
+176
+00:13:43,620 --> 00:13:48,320
+community. Even children, children were not looked
+
+177
+00:13:48,320 --> 00:13:54,360
+at as being innocent, but children were looked at
+
+178
+00:13:54,360 --> 00:14:01,120
+as being they would be men of a society, like the
+
+179
+00:14:01,120 --> 00:14:04,320
+men who would, they are children, but they
+
+180
+00:14:04,320 --> 00:14:08,720
+shouldn't be dealt with as children, they should
+
+181
+00:14:08,720 --> 00:14:14,780
+be dealt with as grown up. So it was a culture, it
+
+182
+00:14:14,780 --> 00:14:20,280
+was a very culture of restrictions. And even in
+
+183
+00:14:20,280 --> 00:14:24,600
+poetry, they had certain poetic rules.
+
+184
+00:14:27,150 --> 00:14:30,690
+They have something called heroic couplet. What is
+
+185
+00:14:30,690 --> 00:14:35,430
+heroic couplet? In a heroic couplet, if you look
+
+186
+00:14:35,430 --> 00:14:37,990
+again at first follow nature and your judgment
+
+187
+00:14:37,990 --> 00:14:41,650
+frame, I think you would find what is heroic
+
+188
+00:14:41,650 --> 00:14:49,210
+couplet of two lines. So first, follow nature and
+
+189
+00:14:49,210 --> 00:14:53,030
+your judgment frame. They are never erring. They
+
+190
+00:14:53,030 --> 00:14:58,370
+are always the same. And if you continue, you'll
+
+191
+00:14:58,370 --> 00:15:03,850
+have also each two lines have the same rhyme. This
+
+192
+00:15:03,850 --> 00:15:07,490
+is like a rule. If you want to write poetry, you
+
+193
+00:15:07,490 --> 00:15:11,950
+don't have to write it in different rhyme.
+
+194
+00:15:13,750 --> 00:15:18,670
+Otherwise, you're not writing good poetry. And
+
+195
+00:15:18,670 --> 00:15:23,590
+even their poetry was characterized by what is
+
+196
+00:15:23,590 --> 00:15:27,670
+called poetic diction. Poetic diction.
+
+197
+00:15:31,490 --> 00:15:37,590
+What is poetic diction? They believed that if you
+
+198
+00:15:37,590 --> 00:15:40,570
+want to write good poetry, you have to choose
+
+199
+00:15:40,570 --> 00:15:45,650
+words which are apt to poetry. You have to choose
+
+200
+00:15:45,650 --> 00:15:48,250
+words,
+
+201
+00:15:49,450 --> 00:15:55,670
+highly sophisticated words. Not demotic, not
+
+202
+00:15:55,670 --> 00:16:03,050
+popular. I mean, not everyday language. Poetry has
+
+203
+00:16:03,050 --> 00:16:08,710
+a special language. So for example, you cannot use
+
+204
+00:16:08,710 --> 00:16:13,430
+the word horse because horse, instead, you should
+
+205
+00:16:13,430 --> 00:16:17,530
+be using words like steed. Steed, which means
+
+206
+00:16:17,530 --> 00:16:22,330
+horse, horse. You know, instead of horse, you use
+
+207
+00:16:22,330 --> 00:16:23,090
+steed.
+
+208
+00:16:26,270 --> 00:16:31,830
+Instead of, you know, field. Field is everyday
+
+209
+00:16:31,830 --> 00:16:37,250
+language, field. Instead of field, you have to use
+
+210
+00:16:37,250 --> 00:16:46,880
+lee. Lee, the word lee. You see, instead of, for
+
+211
+00:16:46,880 --> 00:16:50,240
+example, lying, to lie, you know what's mean lie?
+
+212
+00:16:51,120 --> 00:17:04,680
+Or lying, you can use recumbent, recumbent
+
+213
+00:17:04,680 --> 00:17:06,260
+or supine, you know?
+
+214
+00:17:09,690 --> 00:17:16,750
+And instead of saying over there, over there,
+
+215
+00:17:20,450 --> 00:17:22,330
+they would go say and say, over.
+
+216
+00:17:26,810 --> 00:17:30,390
+See? So they were very selective in choosing the
+
+217
+00:17:30,390 --> 00:17:34,790
+words. So if they want to say, the horse is lying
+
+218
+00:17:34,790 --> 00:17:38,730
+in the field over there, they would say, the steel
+
+219
+00:17:38,730 --> 00:17:43,770
+is recumbent in the lee over. You know, it's very
+
+220
+00:17:43,770 --> 00:17:48,910
+selective language and very selective and
+
+221
+00:17:48,910 --> 00:17:51,950
+restrictive at the same time because you have to
+
+222
+00:17:51,950 --> 00:17:56,330
+use words. Part of the poetic diction is to use
+
+223
+00:17:56,330 --> 00:18:00,970
+the adjective before, sorry, after the noun. So
+
+224
+00:18:00,970 --> 00:18:06,490
+instead of saying the valley, the profound valley
+
+225
+00:18:06,490 --> 00:18:09,350
+or the deep valley, they would say the valley
+
+226
+00:18:09,350 --> 00:18:17,420
+deep. That was the spirit of the 18th century,
+
+227
+00:18:17,820 --> 00:18:21,100
+early 18th century, and even the whole 18th
+
+228
+00:18:21,100 --> 00:18:21,440
+century.
+
+229
+00:18:24,160 --> 00:18:28,640
+It continued like this. Industrial revolution
+
+230
+00:18:28,640 --> 00:18:35,800
+prospered more and more. Industry invaded the
+
+231
+00:18:35,800 --> 00:18:42,190
+countryside, and even the countryside was
+
+232
+00:18:42,190 --> 00:18:46,450
+partitioned with what was called the Enclosure
+
+233
+00:18:46,450 --> 00:18:50,870
+Act. I mean, instead of having the landscape as
+
+234
+00:18:50,870 --> 00:18:55,270
+one landscape, they started to make it like farms,
+
+235
+00:18:56,170 --> 00:19:00,690
+you know, small farms to graze animals, like to
+
+236
+00:19:00,690 --> 00:19:04,230
+have farms. Everybody was having his farm to grow
+
+237
+00:19:04,230 --> 00:19:05,810
+or to have more product.
+
+238
+00:19:10,790 --> 00:19:17,690
+William Blake, the pre-romantic poet, was born, I
+
+239
+00:19:17,690 --> 00:19:23,730
+think, 15, sorry, he was born 17, he was born
+
+240
+00:19:23,730 --> 00:19:26,550
+1757.
+
+241
+00:19:29,270 --> 00:19:32,910
+So he was born in the middle of the century, and
+
+242
+00:19:32,910 --> 00:19:34,550
+he was born in London.
+
+243
+00:19:37,820 --> 00:19:42,400
+And when he started, he learned at school. There
+
+244
+00:19:42,400 --> 00:19:45,980
+were schools, but he didn't continue. He learned
+
+245
+00:19:45,980 --> 00:19:53,760
+as a printer, as a grave digger. He was engraving,
+
+246
+00:19:53,980 --> 00:19:58,340
+not a grave digger. He was engraving on graves. He
+
+247
+00:19:58,340 --> 00:20:01,520
+was an engraver. You know what's an engraver? Like
+
+248
+00:20:01,520 --> 00:20:08,430
+digging on stones and copper. He was an artist. So
+
+249
+00:20:08,430 --> 00:20:13,830
+William Blake started... He was an artist. At the
+
+250
+00:20:13,830 --> 00:20:20,510
+same time, he was a poet. But when he started to
+
+251
+00:20:20,510 --> 00:20:25,390
+write poetry, his poetry was not read. He was
+
+252
+00:20:25,390 --> 00:20:28,010
+not... Why? Why do you think his poetry was not
+
+253
+00:20:28,010 --> 00:20:32,390
+read? He didn't publish it. Why? It's a good
+
+254
+00:20:32,390 --> 00:20:36,700
+starting point. Why didn't he publish it? Perhaps
+
+255
+00:20:36,700 --> 00:20:40,900
+because he was poor. This is a possibility. He
+
+256
+00:20:40,900 --> 00:20:44,300
+didn't have money to, you know, but he was
+
+257
+00:20:44,300 --> 00:20:47,100
+working. He was a hardworking man. So I guess he
+
+258
+00:20:47,100 --> 00:20:51,480
+had money to publish. But what are the reasons why
+
+259
+00:20:51,480 --> 00:20:54,480
+wouldn't he get his works published?
+
+260
+00:20:57,120 --> 00:20:58,160
+What do you think?
+
+261
+00:21:00,940 --> 00:21:04,040
+Maybe because it was against that age and against
+
+262
+00:21:05,720 --> 00:21:10,580
+Yes, this is right. Because he was writing poetry
+
+263
+00:21:10,580 --> 00:21:14,820
+against the expectation of his time. He was
+
+264
+00:21:14,820 --> 00:21:20,900
+writing poetry contradicting the spirit of the
+
+265
+00:21:20,900 --> 00:21:25,460
+time. He was not conforming to the rules of poetic
+
+266
+00:21:25,460 --> 00:21:30,720
+diction. He was not writing following the heroic
+
+267
+00:21:30,720 --> 00:21:35,530
+couplet. He was writing poetry of vision, of
+
+268
+00:21:35,530 --> 00:21:42,330
+imagination. That's why he was described as the
+
+269
+00:21:42,330 --> 00:21:48,930
+madman. Yes, William Blake was described as a
+
+270
+00:21:48,930 --> 00:21:54,130
+madman. Why? Because his poetry was not conforming
+
+271
+00:21:54,130 --> 00:21:58,030
+to the expectation of the time, was not following
+
+272
+00:21:58,030 --> 00:22:03,040
+the rules. He was not abiding himself by the rules
+
+273
+00:22:03,040 --> 00:22:06,400
+of the poetic diction, by, you know, just
+
+274
+00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:09,760
+following reason. He was writing poetry of
+
+275
+00:22:09,760 --> 00:22:14,280
+imagination and feelings.
+
+276
+00:22:15,280 --> 00:22:19,760
+So in his poetry, it was passion which dominated.
+
+277
+00:22:20,860 --> 00:22:25,460
+It was imagination. His poetry was very symbolic.
+
+278
+00:22:26,860 --> 00:22:31,760
+This is a good background when we approach William
+
+279
+00:22:31,760 --> 00:22:34,840
+Blake next time, and we approach his poem, The
+
+280
+00:22:34,840 --> 00:22:35,360
+Sick Crows.
+
+281
+00:22:38,320 --> 00:22:41,740
+His poetry was revolutionary, as I said. It was
+
+282
+00:22:41,740 --> 00:22:45,060
+against the restriction of the time in terms of
+
+283
+00:22:45,060 --> 00:22:48,760
+rules, poetic rules, and even religious rules. He
+
+284
+00:22:48,760 --> 00:22:53,720
+was against He was not against the Bible, but he
+
+285
+00:22:53,720 --> 00:22:57,520
+was against the established church, the organized
+
+286
+00:22:57,520 --> 00:23:02,640
+religion. He was against religion because during
+
+287
+00:23:02,640 --> 00:23:09,800
+his time, he was very cynical. Those who were
+
+288
+00:23:09,800 --> 00:23:17,560
+religious people were not very virtuous people. So
+
+289
+00:23:17,560 --> 00:23:19,940
+those who were calling for virtue were not
+
+290
+00:23:19,940 --> 00:23:25,940
+virtuous. They were hypocrites. And those who were
+
+291
+00:23:25,940 --> 00:23:32,960
+stigmatized as being devilish, bad people, they
+
+292
+00:23:32,960 --> 00:23:39,600
+were okay. So they were, you know, the opposite.
+
+293
+00:23:41,380 --> 00:23:46,920
+That was confusing to him. And that's what made
+
+294
+00:23:46,920 --> 00:23:51,420
+him see the picture in a different way. William
+
+295
+00:23:51,420 --> 00:24:00,360
+Blake did not see black in isolation to white. So
+
+296
+00:24:00,360 --> 00:24:04,020
+he saw that white and black were complementing
+
+297
+00:24:04,020 --> 00:24:08,820
+each other. His philosophy was based on his
+
+298
+00:24:08,820 --> 00:24:14,420
+articulation that without progressions, without
+
+299
+00:24:14,420 --> 00:24:17,520
+contraries, there is no progression.
+
+300
+00:24:20,090 --> 00:24:24,950
+You might have read that he wrote his famous
+
+301
+00:24:24,950 --> 00:24:28,630
+collection of poetry was the collection, I mean,
+
+302
+00:24:29,230 --> 00:24:32,850
+The Songs of Innocence and The Songs of
+
+303
+00:24:32,850 --> 00:24:37,510
+Experience. The Songs of Innocence were poems,
+
+304
+00:24:38,050 --> 00:24:41,030
+collection of poems written to celebrate
+
+305
+00:24:41,030 --> 00:24:49,210
+innocence, the values of childhood, the values I
+
+306
+00:24:49,210 --> 00:24:54,890
+mean, the innate human values, the simplicity of
+
+307
+00:24:54,890 --> 00:25:03,130
+life. Experience, like when he was talking about
+
+308
+00:25:03,130 --> 00:25:07,910
+experience, he was trying to show how experience
+
+309
+00:25:07,910 --> 00:25:11,970
+was oppressive to the world of innocence. How
+
+310
+00:25:11,970 --> 00:25:19,470
+experience was suppressing man's innate you know,
+
+311
+00:25:19,590 --> 00:25:26,130
+goodness. It was victimizing his, I mean,
+
+312
+00:25:26,210 --> 00:25:30,050
+goodness. Experience was, what is experience? Let
+
+313
+00:25:30,050 --> 00:25:35,150
+me clarify. Okay, experience was represented by
+
+314
+00:25:35,150 --> 00:25:39,670
+rules. Experience was represented by religious
+
+315
+00:25:39,670 --> 00:25:45,710
+restrictions. So he was against that and he
+
+316
+00:25:45,710 --> 00:25:50,800
+thought that innocence and experience should be
+
+317
+00:25:50,800 --> 00:25:53,700
+like there should be harmony between them.
+
+318
+00:25:56,580 --> 00:25:58,860
+He created his own mythology.
+
+319
+00:26:02,020 --> 00:26:09,160
+He thought that, you know, the word of experience,
+
+320
+00:26:09,960 --> 00:26:14,920
+the word of innocence is beneath and the word of
+
+321
+00:26:14,920 --> 00:26:20,010
+experience is above. But above the word of
+
+322
+00:26:20,010 --> 00:26:23,790
+innocence, there is God called Horizon. He was
+
+323
+00:26:23,790 --> 00:26:29,650
+always trying to suppress the eruption of the word
+
+324
+00:26:29,650 --> 00:26:34,510
+of innocence.
+
+325
+00:26:35,890 --> 00:26:38,470
+He thought that there should be a kind of harmony
+
+326
+00:26:38,470 --> 00:26:44,310
+between the two. I know this is very abstract.
+
+327
+00:26:44,590 --> 00:26:50,300
+This is very difficult. We cannot appreciate this
+
+328
+00:26:50,300 --> 00:26:57,520
+until we look at, you know, the poems more
+
+329
+00:26:57,520 --> 00:27:05,080
+closely. I mean, look at The Sick Rose and The
+
+330
+00:27:05,080 --> 00:27:11,700
+Tiger. Both of them are symbolic. Both of them
+
+331
+00:27:11,700 --> 00:27:15,400
+speak about — they don't speak about reason. They
+
+332
+00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:19,580
+don't speak about religion, but they speak about
+
+333
+00:27:19,580 --> 00:27:22,400
+the contrary of that. They speak about feelings.
+
+334
+00:27:22,560 --> 00:27:25,620
+They speak about imagination. So I want you to
+
+335
+00:27:25,620 --> 00:27:29,940
+prepare them very well, to prepare the two poems,
+
+336
+00:27:30,080 --> 00:27:33,520
+and to respond to them next time. Some of you
+
+337
+00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:37,800
+might have had a response to that, I bet. Not?
+
+338
+00:27:39,060 --> 00:27:43,320
+Yes? Yeah, what did you say about the sick rose?
+
+339
+00:27:43,700 --> 00:27:45,520
+Why was the rose sick, you know?
+
+340
+00:27:48,700 --> 00:27:54,180
+The rose is
+
+341
+00:27:54,180 --> 00:27:58,320
+about maybe love or something like that because it
+
+342
+00:27:58,320 --> 00:28:02,000
+is romanticism and the sick is a power or
+
+343
+00:28:02,000 --> 00:28:08,230
+something or a power or something that make his
+
+344
+00:28:08,230 --> 00:28:14,330
+relationship flop very weak and there is something
+
+345
+00:28:14,330 --> 00:28:19,570
+or something inside, outside that destroy his
+
+346
+00:28:19,570 --> 00:28:21,990
+relationship with his killer. It's very good like,
+
+347
+00:28:22,150 --> 00:28:24,770
+you know, and you reminded me of like a very key
+
+348
+00:28:24,770 --> 00:28:28,230
+issue, which is like, yes, for our class
+
+349
+00:28:28,230 --> 00:28:31,950
+discussion, we should develop a list of
+
+350
+00:28:31,950 --> 00:28:36,520
+characteristic of romanticism. And I thought that
+
+351
+00:28:36,520 --> 00:28:40,980
+by contradiction or by contrast romanticism would
+
+352
+00:28:40,980 --> 00:28:46,820
+be characterized by its celebration of
+
+353
+00:28:46,820 --> 00:28:51,900
+imagination, its celebration of freedom, its
+
+354
+00:28:51,900 --> 00:28:58,480
+celebration of using everyday language. It's
+
+355
+00:28:58,480 --> 00:29:04,400
+focused on individualism. It's focused also on the
+
+356
+00:29:04,400 --> 00:29:10,320
+simple countryside people. If you remember John
+
+357
+00:29:10,320 --> 00:29:14,580
+Dryden, I told you once John Dryden and Alexander
+
+358
+00:29:14,580 --> 00:29:20,130
+Pope focused on high class people. Alexander Pope,
+
+359
+00:29:20,310 --> 00:29:25,370
+for example, in his poem, famous poem, The Rape of
+
+360
+00:29:25,370 --> 00:29:30,810
+the Log, was criticizing the aristocratic people,
+
+361
+00:29:31,030 --> 00:29:35,890
+the triviality of aristocratic lady, so he was
+
+362
+00:29:36,920 --> 00:29:40,960
+Very satirical. In Ashtiful and Ashtiful also,
+
+363
+00:29:41,880 --> 00:29:46,720
+it's a satirical poem. Dryden was satirizing
+
+364
+00:29:46,720 --> 00:29:51,960
+certain political figures during his time because
+
+365
+00:29:51,960 --> 00:29:57,480
+of their corrupted practices. So poetry had
+
+366
+00:29:57,480 --> 00:30:00,940
+different purposes. It was not speaking about
+
+367
+00:30:00,940 --> 00:30:05,120
+ordinary
+
+368
+00:30:05,120 --> 00:30:10,010
+people. Romantic poetry was talking about ordinary
+
+369
+00:30:10,010 --> 00:30:15,210
+people using ordinary language. Yes, the romantics
+
+370
+00:30:15,210 --> 00:30:21,270
+were fascinated with nature. Nature was a source
+
+371
+00:30:21,270 --> 00:30:25,890
+of fascination, was a source of creativity. So
+
+372
+00:30:25,890 --> 00:30:30,070
+when you read Blake, now our concentration on
+
+373
+00:30:30,070 --> 00:30:36,450
+Blake, because Blake, as we said, he was Emerging
+
+374
+00:30:36,450 --> 00:30:41,750
+in a time where imagination was seen like a sin.
+
+375
+00:30:44,470 --> 00:30:47,310
+Expressing your feelings was an atrocity.
+
+376
+00:30:49,940 --> 00:30:54,920
+That's why a lot of critics dubbed him as pre
+
+377
+00:30:54,920 --> 00:30:58,340
+-romantic, because he was the way, he was the poet
+
+378
+00:30:58,340 --> 00:31:03,400
+who paved the way for Romanticism. And this is
+
+379
+00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:10,020
+like a focus in our, when we discuss Blake,
+
+380
+00:31:10,220 --> 00:31:15,750
+we are going to see how he paved the way. for the
+
+381
+00:31:15,750 --> 00:31:18,270
+romantics. And when we talk about the romantics,
+
+382
+00:31:18,830 --> 00:31:23,250
+we should, I mean, talk about colorage and words
+
+383
+00:31:23,250 --> 00:31:26,710
+worth. So next time, we're going to discuss
+
+384
+00:31:26,710 --> 00:31:32,750
+William Blake. I mean, his two poems. Hopefully,
+
+385
+00:31:33,010 --> 00:31:37,590
+you know, The Sick Rose, and then after that, The
+
+386
+00:31:37,590 --> 00:31:40,670
+Tiger, Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bride. Do you have
+
+387
+00:31:40,670 --> 00:31:41,130
+any question?
+
+388
+00:31:44,100 --> 00:31:47,420
+Okay, thank you very much. I know it was a tough
+
+389
+00:31:47,420 --> 00:31:53,030
+lecture. But it's only a background. I'm not
+
+390
+00:31:53,030 --> 00:31:55,970
+asking you questions in this. Later, you'll find
+
+391
+00:31:55,970 --> 00:31:58,610
+this easy. What I'm saying, you'll find it easy
+
+392
+00:31:58,610 --> 00:32:04,250
+when you approach the poem. Because this is like a
+
+393
+00:32:04,250 --> 00:32:07,190
+yardstick against which we are going to measure
+
+394
+00:32:07,190 --> 00:32:13,150
+our criticism or interpretation of the poems that
+
+395
+00:32:13,150 --> 00:32:14,330
+would come. Thank you very much.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/LE5sUeIfHpY_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1580 @@
+1
+00:00:12,220 --> 00:00:19,360
+Good morning everybody. How are you? Good. How was
+
+2
+00:00:19,360 --> 00:00:25,760
+the weekend first? Did you have a nice time? Why?
+
+3
+00:00:28,160 --> 00:00:31,480
+You have to study. We had to study. To study what?
+
+4
+00:00:33,740 --> 00:00:41,000
+To study for exams. More exams. Good. And I think
+
+5
+00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:44,900
+you had the poetry exam. Yes. How was it? Yes. It
+
+6
+00:00:44,900 --> 00:00:48,860
+was good. But the time was not enough. The time
+
+7
+00:00:48,860 --> 00:00:52,360
+was not enough? Yes. I think we gave you five
+
+8
+00:00:52,360 --> 00:00:57,140
+minutes more. No. Yes. Just enough. Okay, we said
+
+9
+00:00:57,140 --> 00:01:00,040
+like I told them to give you five minutes more. I
+
+10
+00:01:00,040 --> 00:01:03,120
+think even like some students finished before the
+
+11
+00:01:03,120 --> 00:01:08,040
+hour. And yes, so it depends like how you organize
+
+12
+00:01:08,040 --> 00:01:11,220
+your time. It depends like what you are writing.
+
+13
+00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:14,240
+If you remember the second question didn't need
+
+14
+00:01:14,240 --> 00:01:18,060
+like long time or space even. You have to answer
+
+15
+00:01:18,060 --> 00:01:25,170
+the questions in one or two lines. Good. So today
+
+16
+00:01:25,170 --> 00:01:30,990
+we are going to have a big leap. You know what's
+
+17
+00:01:30,990 --> 00:01:35,930
+mean leap? Jump, like we're going to skip perhaps
+
+18
+00:01:35,930 --> 00:01:42,470
+a century and a half. You know last week before
+
+19
+00:01:42,470 --> 00:01:47,750
+the exam we discussed the mathematical poetry
+
+20
+00:01:47,750 --> 00:01:51,370
+represented by John Donne and his poem, Better My
+
+21
+00:01:51,370 --> 00:01:54,850
+Heart. So we had a feeling about the century, the
+
+22
+00:01:54,850 --> 00:01:57,750
+intellectualism of the century, the political
+
+23
+00:01:57,750 --> 00:01:58,570
+uncertainty,
+
+24
+00:02:01,270 --> 00:02:05,330
+the subversive poetic technique of those
+
+25
+00:02:05,330 --> 00:02:07,070
+metaphysical poets.
+
+26
+00:02:09,890 --> 00:02:13,710
+We also saw, when I gave you a historical
+
+27
+00:02:13,710 --> 00:02:19,090
+background, how the 17th century was full of
+
+28
+00:02:19,090 --> 00:02:25,890
+revolutions, unrest, instability, political
+
+29
+00:02:25,890 --> 00:02:30,570
+controversies and debates, and how it ended or,
+
+30
+00:02:30,830 --> 00:02:34,450
+you know, the revolution itself ended with the
+
+31
+00:02:34,450 --> 00:02:40,260
+restoration of the king. Today, we're going I
+
+32
+00:02:40,260 --> 00:02:44,180
+mean, we're skipping the Restoration period.
+
+33
+00:02:44,900 --> 00:02:48,060
+However, I think it is indispensable, if not
+
+34
+00:02:48,060 --> 00:02:51,140
+imperative, that we should talk something about
+
+35
+00:02:51,140 --> 00:02:56,300
+that period because it is difficult to estimate or
+
+36
+00:02:56,300 --> 00:03:01,120
+understand Romanticism without talking about the
+
+37
+00:03:01,120 --> 00:03:03,140
+Restoration period or what is called
+
+38
+00:03:03,140 --> 00:03:06,560
+alternatively, the Age of Reason or the Augustan
+
+39
+00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:11,140
+Age. I don't want to start lecturing before
+
+40
+00:03:11,140 --> 00:03:15,780
+listening to your reports, you know, and if you
+
+41
+00:03:15,780 --> 00:03:18,720
+have a response I don't mind, but I want to listen
+
+42
+00:03:18,720 --> 00:03:21,680
+to reports because it seems like after the exam
+
+43
+00:03:21,680 --> 00:03:25,580
+some students had something to say. Yes, please.
+
+44
+00:03:33,550 --> 00:03:36,090
+My poem is about stress. You have to say good
+
+45
+00:03:36,090 --> 00:03:40,070
+morning for you. Good morning everybody. Stress
+
+46
+00:03:40,070 --> 00:03:43,430
+and pressure, pressure, that's unfair. There are
+
+47
+00:03:43,430 --> 00:03:46,490
+many duties to have, so I have to take exams,
+
+48
+00:03:46,730 --> 00:03:49,570
+presentations and researches everywhere. Go to
+
+49
+00:03:49,570 --> 00:03:52,350
+this library and another one is there. Look for
+
+50
+00:03:52,350 --> 00:03:56,590
+books in shelves ground and there. Would you mind
+
+51
+00:03:56,590 --> 00:04:00,030
+boring some sir? Thinking and rethinking is what
+
+52
+00:04:00,030 --> 00:04:05,550
+to do and dare. Am I have a choice to say stop it
+
+53
+00:04:05,550 --> 00:04:11,050
+or I guess no, I just have to obey. Anyone help me
+
+54
+00:04:11,050 --> 00:04:13,770
+please, I can't stand, I can't stand and bear.
+
+55
+00:04:14,070 --> 00:04:17,490
+Thank you. Thank you very much. It's a wonderful
+
+56
+00:04:17,490 --> 00:04:21,090
+poem and it shows that we are on the right track.
+
+57
+00:04:21,950 --> 00:04:24,610
+I mean, we teachers, we department, we are on the
+
+58
+00:04:24,610 --> 00:04:28,770
+right track because yes, we succeeded in putting
+
+59
+00:04:28,770 --> 00:04:33,290
+you in much trouble. And I think this is where you
+
+60
+00:04:33,290 --> 00:04:35,570
+can learn, where you can develop your skills.
+
+61
+00:04:38,490 --> 00:04:43,250
+Yes, I was thinking of the oxymoron which says,
+
+62
+00:04:43,850 --> 00:04:45,970
+you know, this is what we call the delicious
+
+63
+00:04:45,970 --> 00:04:51,610
+torment. You know, something is like torture,
+
+64
+00:04:52,170 --> 00:04:56,770
+torment, but it is delicious. Why? Because You
+
+65
+00:04:56,770 --> 00:05:01,050
+benefit, you learn from this experience of being
+
+66
+00:05:01,050 --> 00:05:04,010
+under the pressure of the exam, under the pressure
+
+67
+00:05:04,010 --> 00:05:07,930
+of lectures, classes, coming in even under the
+
+68
+00:05:07,930 --> 00:05:12,870
+pressure of fluctuating weather. It's good. Okay,
+
+69
+00:05:13,170 --> 00:05:16,570
+there is space for another report.
+
+70
+00:05:18,130 --> 00:05:23,950
+And this time I have to pick out one. Yes? Yes.
+
+71
+00:05:32,420 --> 00:05:37,150
+Good morning everybody. In that day, we come to
+
+72
+00:05:37,150 --> 00:05:40,110
+the lecture with frustration because we suffered a
+
+73
+00:05:40,110 --> 00:05:42,990
+lot in that day and we had an examination.
+
+74
+00:05:43,490 --> 00:05:45,970
+Actually, at the beginning of that day, I came
+
+75
+00:05:45,970 --> 00:05:48,870
+with some motivation to the poetry lecture. But
+
+76
+00:05:48,870 --> 00:05:52,270
+unfortunately, I remembered our exam and began to
+
+77
+00:05:52,270 --> 00:05:54,730
+feel in pressure. I believe in that condition
+
+78
+00:05:54,730 --> 00:05:57,390
+which says if you study hard, you will get a high
+
+79
+00:05:57,390 --> 00:06:00,610
+mark. But what is the benefit we harvest because
+
+80
+00:06:00,610 --> 00:06:03,690
+of the serious study and then we feel like a
+
+81
+00:06:03,690 --> 00:06:06,880
+broken heart? Actually, I don't like to make you
+
+82
+00:06:06,880 --> 00:06:11,720
+hate exams. I don't want to exaggerate. Just what
+
+83
+00:06:11,720 --> 00:06:14,540
+I like to say that the crowded schedule of exams
+
+84
+00:06:14,540 --> 00:06:18,600
+this semester made me to become so desperate. Made
+
+85
+00:06:18,600 --> 00:06:23,000
+me become what? Oh God, I forgot to talk about the
+
+86
+00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:25,840
+pottery lecture. Actually, this is the only thing
+
+87
+00:06:25,840 --> 00:06:29,220
+I admire because it motivates me to like it with
+
+88
+00:06:29,220 --> 00:06:30,680
+some feelings of desire.
+
+89
+00:06:34,780 --> 00:06:38,440
+We continued explaining about the poem of John
+
+90
+00:06:38,440 --> 00:06:42,620
+Donne and discussed many issues about that with
+
+91
+00:06:42,620 --> 00:06:46,020
+some fun. After that, Mr. Habib explained for us
+
+92
+00:06:46,020 --> 00:06:50,520
+the main features of metaphysical poetry and then
+
+93
+00:06:50,520 --> 00:06:54,360
+we talked about the exam of poetry and he advised
+
+94
+00:06:54,360 --> 00:06:57,940
+us to concentrate in our study by saying, poetry
+
+95
+00:06:57,940 --> 00:07:01,080
+is poetry. Ah, this is very interesting.
+
+96
+00:07:03,670 --> 00:07:09,890
+Right. Thank you for your reports. Today is
+
+97
+00:07:09,890 --> 00:07:13,210
+supposed to be a general background about
+
+98
+00:07:13,210 --> 00:07:18,710
+Romanticism. And as I said in the introductory
+
+99
+00:07:18,710 --> 00:07:22,790
+note, we cannot understand Romanticism without
+
+100
+00:07:22,790 --> 00:07:28,310
+understanding the period before that.
+
+101
+00:07:31,710 --> 00:07:34,130
+So the restoration period, which was called
+
+102
+00:07:34,130 --> 00:07:41,090
+alternatively the Augustan Age, was the age of
+
+103
+00:07:41,090 --> 00:07:47,110
+reason also. Reason was privileged over passion,
+
+104
+00:07:47,950 --> 00:07:52,210
+over feelings. Everything was governed by reason.
+
+105
+00:07:55,370 --> 00:07:58,210
+Imagination expressing
+
+106
+00:07:59,770 --> 00:08:06,070
+your feelings were things of like taboos. People
+
+107
+00:08:06,070 --> 00:08:10,310
+who intended to express their own feelings to
+
+108
+00:08:10,310 --> 00:08:15,330
+write imaginative literature were seen as like
+
+109
+00:08:15,330 --> 00:08:21,450
+crazy or lunatic. The age was characterized by
+
+110
+00:08:21,450 --> 00:08:28,030
+certain rules, certain social and even poetic
+
+111
+00:08:28,030 --> 00:08:28,510
+rules.
+
+112
+00:08:33,670 --> 00:08:38,150
+In terms like society was more important than
+
+113
+00:08:38,150 --> 00:08:39,390
+individual.
+
+114
+00:08:41,450 --> 00:08:46,570
+It was the age of industry. I mean, we are talking
+
+115
+00:08:46,570 --> 00:08:51,410
+about 18th century. It was the age of industrial
+
+116
+00:08:51,410 --> 00:08:58,770
+revolution. It was the age of mechanization. So
+
+117
+00:08:58,770 --> 00:09:04,630
+individuals, were replaced by machine. Man was
+
+118
+00:09:04,630 --> 00:09:08,410
+replaced by machine. And that was a little bit
+
+119
+00:09:08,410 --> 00:09:13,270
+disappointing to people, to individuals, because
+
+120
+00:09:13,270 --> 00:09:17,410
+losing your place, being replaced by a machine
+
+121
+00:09:17,410 --> 00:09:21,650
+causes some disillusionment in your mental
+
+122
+00:09:21,650 --> 00:09:23,330
+landscape.
+
+123
+00:09:27,590 --> 00:09:33,250
+Things like, as I said, poets like Alexander Pope,
+
+124
+00:09:33,590 --> 00:09:39,970
+John Dryden, were having the supremacy. John
+
+125
+00:09:39,970 --> 00:09:43,950
+Dryden, or I mean Alexander Pope, wrote many poems
+
+126
+00:09:43,950 --> 00:09:47,230
+telling
+
+127
+00:09:47,230 --> 00:09:52,190
+people what to do. So their poetry was didactic
+
+128
+00:09:52,190 --> 00:09:54,790
+poetry. You know what I mean, didactic? Yes.
+
+129
+00:09:59,420 --> 00:10:05,280
+teaches lessons. Yes. Yes, their poetry was
+
+130
+00:10:05,280 --> 00:10:08,820
+didactic. They were telling people like what to
+
+131
+00:10:08,820 --> 00:10:10,120
+do, how to behave.
+
+132
+00:10:14,660 --> 00:10:19,480
+Alexander Poe in his poem on nature, he said,
+
+133
+00:10:20,160 --> 00:10:24,900
+first follow nature and your judgment frame. They
+
+134
+00:10:24,900 --> 00:10:28,970
+are never erring. They are always the same. So
+
+135
+00:10:28,970 --> 00:10:33,310
+nature, he said, it's in your book, Alexander
+
+136
+00:10:33,310 --> 00:10:40,850
+Pope, you know, on nature. He says, first follow
+
+137
+00:10:40,850 --> 00:10:44,250
+nature and your judgment frame. They are never
+
+138
+00:10:44,250 --> 00:10:46,070
+erring, they are always the same.
+
+139
+00:10:49,870 --> 00:10:52,950
+I'm trying to retrieve it here. First follow
+
+140
+00:10:52,950 --> 00:10:55,990
+nature and your judgment frame. It's from ASA to
+
+141
+00:10:55,990 --> 00:11:00,620
+criticism. What is he telling us? Yes, as you see,
+
+142
+00:11:00,880 --> 00:11:05,140
+yes, this is part of, you know, I cannot have
+
+143
+00:11:05,140 --> 00:11:10,500
+access to the poem. Okay, but we can skip it. So
+
+144
+00:11:10,500 --> 00:11:12,440
+as you see in the poem, he's telling us what to
+
+145
+00:11:12,440 --> 00:11:16,020
+do. To follow nature.
+
+146
+00:11:18,200 --> 00:11:23,670
+To follow nature. and follow reason. Nature was
+
+147
+00:11:23,670 --> 00:11:27,430
+full of rules. Later in the Romantic period, we're
+
+148
+00:11:27,430 --> 00:11:30,990
+going to see the Romantics following nature. But
+
+149
+00:11:30,990 --> 00:11:35,150
+their perception of nature will be quite different
+
+150
+00:11:35,150 --> 00:11:40,570
+from the neoclassical perception of nature. The
+
+151
+00:11:40,570 --> 00:11:45,730
+neoclassics, I mean those
+
+152
+00:11:45,730 --> 00:11:49,310
+poets of the Age of Reason, believe that nature
+
+153
+00:11:51,300 --> 00:11:54,020
+was an example to be followed because it was
+
+154
+00:11:54,020 --> 00:11:57,900
+systematic. It was following rules. The day was
+
+155
+00:11:57,900 --> 00:12:00,620
+following the night in a very systematic, the
+
+156
+00:12:00,620 --> 00:12:03,860
+seasons. So if you want to learn how to organize
+
+157
+00:12:03,860 --> 00:12:07,460
+yourself, you have to look at nature, which is
+
+158
+00:12:07,460 --> 00:12:11,680
+methodized according to what Alexander Pope says
+
+159
+00:12:11,680 --> 00:12:17,010
+in A.C. in Chrysism. So their main concern was not
+
+160
+00:12:17,010 --> 00:12:24,170
+to sway, not to go astray. So if you follow
+
+161
+00:12:24,170 --> 00:12:31,030
+reason, your mind, if you follow nature, you're
+
+162
+00:12:31,030 --> 00:12:34,310
+going to be all right. However, if you follow your
+
+163
+00:12:34,310 --> 00:12:38,630
+imagination, if you follow your idiosyncratic
+
+164
+00:12:38,630 --> 00:12:44,880
+feelings, you'll be Yes, you'll be mad. You'll be
+
+165
+00:12:44,880 --> 00:12:49,580
+marginalized. You're not a normal human being.
+
+166
+00:12:50,740 --> 00:12:54,100
+Within this culture, I mean, the culture of
+
+167
+00:12:54,100 --> 00:13:00,360
+reason, as I said, the main concern was society.
+
+168
+00:13:02,280 --> 00:13:08,880
+The position of the individual was relegated, you
+
+169
+00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:18,860
+know, got a very minor place in the concern of the
+
+170
+00:13:18,860 --> 00:13:22,620
+age itself. So the individual position was not
+
+171
+00:13:22,620 --> 00:13:26,800
+seen, individual was not seen as what the
+
+172
+00:13:26,800 --> 00:13:30,440
+romantics would later say, a reservoir of
+
+173
+00:13:30,440 --> 00:13:35,720
+possibilities. The individual was seen as only a
+
+174
+00:13:35,720 --> 00:13:39,620
+member in that community. So you are only
+
+175
+00:13:39,620 --> 00:13:43,620
+important as long as you are part of that
+
+176
+00:13:43,620 --> 00:13:48,320
+community. Even children, children were not looked
+
+177
+00:13:48,320 --> 00:13:54,360
+at as being innocent, but children were looked at
+
+178
+00:13:54,360 --> 00:14:01,120
+as being they would be men of a society, like the
+
+179
+00:14:01,120 --> 00:14:04,320
+men who would, they are children, but they
+
+180
+00:14:04,320 --> 00:14:08,720
+shouldn't be dealt with as children, they should
+
+181
+00:14:08,720 --> 00:14:14,780
+be dealt with as grown up. So it was a culture, it
+
+182
+00:14:14,780 --> 00:14:20,280
+was a very culture of restrictions. And even in
+
+183
+00:14:20,280 --> 00:14:24,600
+poetry, they had certain poetic rules.
+
+184
+00:14:27,150 --> 00:14:30,690
+They have something called heroic couplet. What is
+
+185
+00:14:30,690 --> 00:14:35,430
+heroic couplet? In a heroic couplet, if you look
+
+186
+00:14:35,430 --> 00:14:37,990
+again at first follow nature and your judgment
+
+187
+00:14:37,990 --> 00:14:41,650
+frame, I think you would find what is heroic
+
+188
+00:14:41,650 --> 00:14:49,210
+couplet of two lines. So first, follow nature and
+
+189
+00:14:49,210 --> 00:14:53,030
+your judgment frame. They are never erring. They
+
+190
+00:14:53,030 --> 00:14:58,370
+are always the same. And if you continue, you'll
+
+191
+00:14:58,370 --> 00:15:03,850
+have also each two lines have the same rhyme. This
+
+192
+00:15:03,850 --> 00:15:07,490
+is like a rule. If you want to write poetry, you
+
+193
+00:15:07,490 --> 00:15:11,950
+don't have to write it in different rhyme.
+
+194
+00:15:13,750 --> 00:15:18,670
+Otherwise, you're not writing good poetry. And
+
+195
+00:15:18,670 --> 00:15:23,590
+even their poetry was characterized by what is
+
+196
+00:15:23,590 --> 00:15:27,670
+called poetic diction. Poetic diction.
+
+197
+00:15:31,490 --> 00:15:37,590
+What is poetic diction? They believed that if you
+
+198
+00:15:37,590 --> 00:15:40,570
+want to write good poetry, you have to choose
+
+199
+00:15:40,570 --> 00:15:45,650
+words which are apt to poetry. You have to choose
+
+200
+00:15:45,650 --> 00:15:48,250
+words,
+
+201
+00:15:49,450 --> 00:15:55,670
+highly sophisticated words. Not demotic, not
+
+202
+00:15:55,670 --> 00:16:03,050
+popular. I mean, not everyday language. Poetry has
+
+203
+00:16:03,050 --> 00:16:08,710
+a special language. So for example, you cannot use
+
+204
+00:16:08,710 --> 00:16:13,430
+the word horse because horse, instead, you should
+
+205
+00:16:13,430 --> 00:16:17,530
+be using words like steed. Steed, which means
+
+206
+00:16:17,530 --> 00:16:22,330
+horse, horse. You know, instead of horse, you use
+
+207
+00:16:22,330 --> 00:16:23,090
+steed.
+
+208
+00:16:26,270 --> 00:16:31,830
+Instead of, you know, field. Field is everyday
+
+209
+00:16:31,830 --> 00:16:37,250
+language, field. Instead of field, you have to use
+
+210
+00:16:37,250 --> 00:16:46,880
+lee. Lee, the word lee. You see, instead of, for
+
+211
+00:16:46,880 --> 00:16:50,240
+example, lying, to lie, you know what's mean lie?
+
+212
+00:16:51,120 --> 00:17:04,680
+Or lying, you can use recumbent, recumbent
+
+213
+00:17:04,680 --> 00:17:06,260
+or supine, you know?
+
+214
+00:17:09,690 --> 00:17:16,750
+And instead of saying over there, over there,
+
+215
+00:17:20,450 --> 00:17:22,330
+they would go say and say, over.
+
+216
+00:17:26,810 --> 00:17:30,390
+See? So they were very selective in choosing the
+
+217
+00:17:30,390 --> 00:17:34,790
+words. So if they want to say, the horse is lying
+
+218
+00:17:34,790 --> 00:17:38,730
+in the field over there, they would say, the steel
+
+219
+00:17:38,730 --> 00:17:43,770
+is recumbent in the lee over. You know, it's very
+
+220
+00:17:43,770 --> 00:17:48,910
+selective language and very selective and
+
+221
+00:17:48,910 --> 00:17:51,950
+restrictive at the same time because you have to
+
+222
+00:17:51,950 --> 00:17:56,330
+use words. Part of the poetic diction is to use
+
+223
+00:17:56,330 --> 00:18:00,970
+the adjective before, sorry, after the noun. So
+
+224
+00:18:00,970 --> 00:18:06,490
+instead of saying the valley, the profound valley
+
+225
+00:18:06,490 --> 00:18:09,350
+or the deep valley, they would say the valley
+
+226
+00:18:09,350 --> 00:18:17,420
+deep. That was the spirit of the 18th century,
+
+227
+00:18:17,820 --> 00:18:21,100
+early 18th century, and even the whole 18th
+
+228
+00:18:21,100 --> 00:18:21,440
+century.
+
+229
+00:18:24,160 --> 00:18:28,640
+It continued like this. Industrial revolution
+
+230
+00:18:28,640 --> 00:18:35,800
+prospered more and more. Industry invaded the
+
+231
+00:18:35,800 --> 00:18:42,190
+countryside, and even the countryside was
+
+232
+00:18:42,190 --> 00:18:46,450
+partitioned with what was called the Enclosure
+
+233
+00:18:46,450 --> 00:18:50,870
+Act. I mean, instead of having the landscape as
+
+234
+00:18:50,870 --> 00:18:55,270
+one landscape, they started to make it like farms,
+
+235
+00:18:56,170 --> 00:19:00,690
+you know, small farms to graze animals, like to
+
+236
+00:19:00,690 --> 00:19:04,230
+have farms. Everybody was having his farm to grow
+
+237
+00:19:04,230 --> 00:19:05,810
+or to have more product.
+
+238
+00:19:10,790 --> 00:19:17,690
+William Blake, the pre-romantic poet, was born, I
+
+239
+00:19:17,690 --> 00:19:23,730
+think, 15, sorry, he was born 17, he was born
+
+240
+00:19:23,730 --> 00:19:26,550
+1757.
+
+241
+00:19:29,270 --> 00:19:32,910
+So he was born in the middle of the century, and
+
+242
+00:19:32,910 --> 00:19:34,550
+he was born in London.
+
+243
+00:19:37,820 --> 00:19:42,400
+And when he started, he learned at school. There
+
+244
+00:19:42,400 --> 00:19:45,980
+were schools, but he didn't continue. He learned
+
+245
+00:19:45,980 --> 00:19:53,760
+as a printer, as a grave digger. He was engraving,
+
+246
+00:19:53,980 --> 00:19:58,340
+not a grave digger. He was engraving on graves. He
+
+247
+00:19:58,340 --> 00:20:01,520
+was an engraver. You know what's an engraver? Like
+
+248
+00:20:01,520 --> 00:20:08,430
+digging on stones and copper. He was an artist. So
+
+249
+00:20:08,430 --> 00:20:13,830
+William Blake started... He was an artist. At the
+
+250
+00:20:13,830 --> 00:20:20,510
+same time, he was a poet. But when he started to
+
+251
+00:20:20,510 --> 00:20:25,390
+write poetry, his poetry was not read. He was
+
+252
+00:20:25,390 --> 00:20:28,010
+not... Why? Why do you think his poetry was not
+
+253
+00:20:28,010 --> 00:20:32,390
+read? He didn't publish it. Why? It's a good
+
+254
+00:20:32,390 --> 00:20:36,700
+starting point. Why didn't he publish it? Perhaps
+
+255
+00:20:36,700 --> 00:20:40,900
+because he was poor. This is a possibility. He
+
+256
+00:20:40,900 --> 00:20:44,300
+didn't have money to, you know, but he was
+
+257
+00:20:44,300 --> 00:20:47,100
+working. He was a hardworking man. So I guess he
+
+258
+00:20:47,100 --> 00:20:51,480
+had money to publish. But what are the reasons why
+
+259
+00:20:51,480 --> 00:20:54,480
+wouldn't he get his works published?
+
+260
+00:20:57,120 --> 00:20:58,160
+What do you think?
+
+261
+00:21:00,940 --> 00:21:04,040
+Maybe because it was against that age and against
+
+262
+00:21:05,720 --> 00:21:10,580
+Yes, this is right. Because he was writing poetry
+
+263
+00:21:10,580 --> 00:21:14,820
+against the expectation of his time. He was
+
+264
+00:21:14,820 --> 00:21:20,900
+writing poetry contradicting the spirit of the
+
+265
+00:21:20,900 --> 00:21:25,460
+time. He was not conforming to the rules of poetic
+
+266
+00:21:25,460 --> 00:21:30,720
+diction. He was not writing following the heroic
+
+267
+00:21:30,720 --> 00:21:35,530
+couplet. He was writing poetry of vision, of
+
+268
+00:21:35,530 --> 00:21:42,330
+imagination. That's why he was described as the
+
+269
+00:21:42,330 --> 00:21:48,930
+madman. Yes, William Blake was described as a
+
+270
+00:21:48,930 --> 00:21:54,130
+madman. Why? Because his poetry was not conforming
+
+271
+00:21:54,130 --> 00:21:58,030
+to the expectation of the time, was not following
+
+272
+00:21:58,030 --> 00:22:03,040
+the rules. He was not abiding himself by the rules
+
+273
+00:22:03,040 --> 00:22:06,400
+of the poetic diction, by, you know, just
+
+274
+00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:09,760
+following reason. He was writing poetry of
+
+275
+00:22:09,760 --> 00:22:14,280
+imagination and feelings.
+
+276
+00:22:15,280 --> 00:22:19,760
+So in his poetry, it was passion which dominated.
+
+277
+00:22:20,860 --> 00:22:25,460
+It was imagination. His poetry was very symbolic.
+
+278
+00:22:26,860 --> 00:22:31,760
+This is a good background when we approach William
+
+279
+00:22:31,760 --> 00:22:34,840
+Blake next time, and we approach his poem, The
+
+280
+00:22:34,840 --> 00:22:35,360
+Sick Crows.
+
+281
+00:22:38,320 --> 00:22:41,740
+His poetry was revolutionary, as I said. It was
+
+282
+00:22:41,740 --> 00:22:45,060
+against the restriction of the time in terms of
+
+283
+00:22:45,060 --> 00:22:48,760
+rules, poetic rules, and even religious rules. He
+
+284
+00:22:48,760 --> 00:22:53,720
+was against He was not against the Bible, but he
+
+285
+00:22:53,720 --> 00:22:57,520
+was against the established church, the organized
+
+286
+00:22:57,520 --> 00:23:02,640
+religion. He was against religion because during
+
+287
+00:23:02,640 --> 00:23:09,800
+his time, he was very cynical. Those who were
+
+288
+00:23:09,800 --> 00:23:17,560
+religious people were not very virtuous people. So
+
+289
+00:23:17,560 --> 00:23:19,940
+those who were calling for virtue were not
+
+290
+00:23:19,940 --> 00:23:25,940
+virtuous. They were hypocrites. And those who were
+
+291
+00:23:25,940 --> 00:23:32,960
+stigmatized as being devilish, bad people, they
+
+292
+00:23:32,960 --> 00:23:39,600
+were okay. So they were, you know, the opposite.
+
+293
+00:23:41,380 --> 00:23:46,920
+That was confusing to him. And that's what made
+
+294
+00:23:46,920 --> 00:23:51,420
+him see the picture in a different way. William
+
+295
+00:23:51,420 --> 00:24:00,360
+Blake did not see black in isolation to white. So
+
+296
+00:24:00,360 --> 00:24:04,020
+he saw that white and black were complementing
+
+297
+00:24:04,020 --> 00:24:08,820
+each other. His philosophy was based on his
+
+298
+00:24:08,820 --> 00:24:14,420
+articulation that without progressions, without
+
+299
+00:24:14,420 --> 00:24:17,520
+contraries, there is no progression.
+
+300
+00:24:20,090 --> 00:24:24,950
+You might have read that he wrote his famous
+
+301
+00:24:24,950 --> 00:24:28,630
+collection of poetry was the collection, I mean,
+
+302
+00:24:29,230 --> 00:24:32,850
+The Songs of Innocence and The Songs of
+
+303
+00:24:32,850 --> 00:24:37,510
+Experience. The Songs of Innocence were poems,
+
+304
+00:24:38,050 --> 00:24:41,030
+collection of poems written to celebrate
+
+305
+00:24:41,030 --> 00:24:49,210
+innocence, the values of childhood, the values I
+
+306
+00:24:49,210 --> 00:24:54,890
+mean, the innate human values, the simplicity of
+
+307
+00:24:54,890 --> 00:25:03,130
+life. Experience, like when he was talking about
+
+308
+00:25:03,130 --> 00:25:07,910
+experience, he was trying to show how experience
+
+309
+00:25:07,910 --> 00:25:11,970
+was oppressive to the world of innocence. How
+
+310
+00:25:11,970 --> 00:25:19,470
+experience was suppressing man's innate you know,
+
+311
+00:25:19,590 --> 00:25:26,130
+goodness. It was victimizing his, I mean,
+
+312
+00:25:26,210 --> 00:25:30,050
+goodness. Experience was, what is experience? Let
+
+313
+00:25:30,050 --> 00:25:35,150
+me clarify. Okay, experience was represented by
+
+314
+00:25:35,150 --> 00:25:39,670
+rules. Experience was represented by religious
+
+315
+00:25:39,670 --> 00:25:45,710
+restrictions. So he was against that and he
+
+316
+00:25:45,710 --> 00:25:50,800
+thought that innocence and experience should be
+
+317
+00:25:50,800 --> 00:25:53,700
+like there should be harmony between them.
+
+318
+00:25:56,580 --> 00:25:58,860
+He created his own mythology.
+
+319
+00:26:02,020 --> 00:26:09,160
+He thought that, you know, the word of experience,
+
+320
+00:26:09,960 --> 00:26:14,920
+the word of innocence is beneath and the word of
+
+321
+00:26:14,920 --> 00:26:20,010
+experience is above. But above the word of
+
+322
+00:26:20,010 --> 00:26:23,790
+innocence, there is God called Horizon. He was
+
+323
+00:26:23,790 --> 00:26:29,650
+always trying to suppress the eruption of the word
+
+324
+00:26:29,650 --> 00:26:34,510
+of innocence.
+
+325
+00:26:35,890 --> 00:26:38,470
+He thought that there should be a kind of harmony
+
+326
+00:26:38,470 --> 00:26:44,310
+between the two. I know this is very abstract.
+
+327
+00:26:44,590 --> 00:26:50,300
+This is very difficult. We cannot appreciate this
+
+328
+00:26:50,300 --> 00:26:57,520
+until we look at, you know, the poems more
+
+329
+00:26:57,520 --> 00:27:05,080
+closely. I mean, look at The Sick Rose and The
+
+330
+00:27:05,080 --> 00:27:11,700
+Tiger. Both of them are symbolic. Both of them
+
+331
+00:27:11,700 --> 00:27:15,400
+speak about — they don't speak about reason. They
+
+332
+00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:19,580
+don't speak about religion, but they speak about
+
+333
+00:27:19,580 --> 00:27:22,400
+the contrary of that. They speak about feelings.
+
+334
+00:27:22,560 --> 00:27:25,620
+They speak about imagination. So I want you to
+
+335
+00:27:25,620 --> 00:27:29,940
+prepare them very well, to prepare the two poems,
+
+336
+00:27:30,080 --> 00:27:33,520
+and to respond to them next time. Some of you
+
+337
+00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:37,800
+might have had a response to that, I bet. Not?
+
+338
+00:27:39,060 --> 00:27:43,320
+Yes? Yeah, what did you say about the sick rose?
+
+339
+00:27:43,700 --> 00:27:45,520
+Why was the rose sick, you know?
+
+340
+00:27:48,700 --> 00:27:54,180
+The rose is
+
+341
+00:27:54,180 --> 00:27:58,320
+about maybe love or something like that because it
+
+342
+00:27:58,320 --> 00:28:02,000
+is romanticism and the sick is a power or
+
+343
+00:28:02,000 --> 00:28:08,230
+something or a power or something that make his
+
+344
+00:28:08,230 --> 00:28:14,330
+relationship flop very weak and there is something
+
+345
+00:28:14,330 --> 00:28:19,570
+or something inside, outside that destroy his
+
+346
+00:28:19,570 --> 00:28:21,990
+relationship with his killer. It's very good like,
+
+347
+00:28:22,150 --> 00:28:24,770
+you know, and you reminded me of like a very key
+
+348
+00:28:24,770 --> 00:28:28,230
+issue, which is like, yes, for our class
+
+349
+00:28:28,230 --> 00:28:31,950
+discussion, we should develop a list of
+
+350
+00:28:31,950 --> 00:28:36,520
+characteristic of romanticism. And I thought that
+
+351
+00:28:36,520 --> 00:28:40,980
+by contradiction or by contrast romanticism would
+
+352
+00:28:40,980 --> 00:28:46,820
+be characterized by its celebration of
+
+353
+00:28:46,820 --> 00:28:51,900
+imagination, its celebration of freedom, its
+
+354
+00:28:51,900 --> 00:28:58,480
+celebration of using everyday language. It's
+
+355
+00:28:58,480 --> 00:29:04,400
+focused on individualism. It's focused also on the
+
+356
+00:29:04,400 --> 00:29:10,320
+simple countryside people. If you remember John
+
+357
+00:29:10,320 --> 00:29:14,580
+Dryden, I told you once John Dryden and Alexander
+
+358
+00:29:14,580 --> 00:29:20,130
+Pope focused on high class people. Alexander Pope,
+
+359
+00:29:20,310 --> 00:29:25,370
+for example, in his poem, famous poem, The Rape of
+
+360
+00:29:25,370 --> 00:29:30,810
+the Log, was criticizing the aristocratic people,
+
+361
+00:29:31,030 --> 00:29:35,890
+the triviality of aristocratic lady, so he was
+
+362
+00:29:36,920 --> 00:29:40,960
+Very satirical. In Ashtiful and Ashtiful also,
+
+363
+00:29:41,880 --> 00:29:46,720
+it's a satirical poem. Dryden was satirizing
+
+364
+00:29:46,720 --> 00:29:51,960
+certain political figures during his time because
+
+365
+00:29:51,960 --> 00:29:57,480
+of their corrupted practices. So poetry had
+
+366
+00:29:57,480 --> 00:30:00,940
+different purposes. It was not speaking about
+
+367
+00:30:00,940 --> 00:30:05,120
+ordinary
+
+368
+00:30:05,120 --> 00:30:10,010
+people. Romantic poetry was talking about ordinary
+
+369
+00:30:10,010 --> 00:30:15,210
+people using ordinary language. Yes, the romantics
+
+370
+00:30:15,210 --> 00:30:21,270
+were fascinated with nature. Nature was a source
+
+371
+00:30:21,270 --> 00:30:25,890
+of fascination, was a source of creativity. So
+
+372
+00:30:25,890 --> 00:30:30,070
+when you read Blake, now our concentration on
+
+373
+00:30:30,070 --> 00:30:36,450
+Blake, because Blake, as we said, he was Emerging
+
+374
+00:30:36,450 --> 00:30:41,750
+in a time where imagination was seen like a sin.
+
+375
+00:30:44,470 --> 00:30:47,310
+Expressing your feelings was an atrocity.
+
+376
+00:30:49,940 --> 00:30:54,920
+That's why a lot of critics dubbed him as pre
+
+377
+00:30:54,920 --> 00:30:58,340
+-romantic, because he was the way, he was the poet
+
+378
+00:30:58,340 --> 00:31:03,400
+who paved the way for Romanticism. And this is
+
+379
+00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:10,020
+like a focus in our, when we discuss Blake,
+
+380
+00:31:10,220 --> 00:31:15,750
+we are going to see how he paved the way. for the
+
+381
+00:31:15,750 --> 00:31:18,270
+romantics. And when we talk about the romantics,
+
+382
+00:31:18,830 --> 00:31:23,250
+we should, I mean, talk about colorage and words
+
+383
+00:31:23,250 --> 00:31:26,710
+worth. So next time, we're going to discuss
+
+384
+00:31:26,710 --> 00:31:32,750
+William Blake. I mean, his two poems. Hopefully,
+
+385
+00:31:33,010 --> 00:31:37,590
+you know, The Sick Rose, and then after that, The
+
+386
+00:31:37,590 --> 00:31:40,670
+Tiger, Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bride. Do you have
+
+387
+00:31:40,670 --> 00:31:41,130
+any question?
+
+388
+00:31:44,100 --> 00:31:47,420
+Okay, thank you very much. I know it was a tough
+
+389
+00:31:47,420 --> 00:31:53,030
+lecture. But it's only a background. I'm not
+
+390
+00:31:53,030 --> 00:31:55,970
+asking you questions in this. Later, you'll find
+
+391
+00:31:55,970 --> 00:31:58,610
+this easy. What I'm saying, you'll find it easy
+
+392
+00:31:58,610 --> 00:32:04,250
+when you approach the poem. Because this is like a
+
+393
+00:32:04,250 --> 00:32:07,190
+yardstick against which we are going to measure
+
+394
+00:32:07,190 --> 00:32:13,150
+our criticism or interpretation of the poems that
+
+395
+00:32:13,150 --> 00:32:14,330
+would come. Thank you very much.
+

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@@ -0,0 +1,2052 @@
+1
+00:00:12,580 --> 00:00:19,440
+Good morning, everybody. How are you? Good. So
+
+2
+00:00:19,440 --> 00:00:24,140
+today, I think we are supposed to continue. Shall
+
+3
+00:00:24,140 --> 00:00:30,200
+I compare a summer's day? Last time, I think we
+
+4
+00:00:30,200 --> 00:00:35,620
+had a chance to listen to the poem from me reading
+
+5
+00:00:35,620 --> 00:00:40,380
+it and from other people singing or even reciting
+
+6
+00:00:40,380 --> 00:00:48,120
+it. Plus, you had ample time to look at the poem
+
+7
+00:00:48,120 --> 00:00:52,340
+and to respond. So today, we're starting by
+
+8
+00:00:52,340 --> 00:00:58,690
+listening to one or two of your responses. I'm
+
+9
+00:00:58,690 --> 00:01:02,870
+going to further ask you some questions related to
+
+10
+00:01:02,870 --> 00:01:06,450
+the poem, related to its content, to its
+
+11
+00:01:06,450 --> 00:01:12,410
+aesthetics, and then I'll be discussing the
+
+12
+00:01:12,410 --> 00:01:19,230
+aesthetic elements myself. Okay? Let's see. Yes,
+
+13
+00:01:19,310 --> 00:01:19,530
+please.
+
+14
+00:01:27,290 --> 00:01:30,550
+Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Sonnet 18
+
+15
+00:01:30,550 --> 00:01:33,870
+is one of the best-known sonnets contained in the
+
+16
+00:01:33,870 --> 00:01:36,430
+English literary canon. It is a conventional
+
+17
+00:01:36,430 --> 00:01:38,970
+Shakespearean sonnet that explores a conventional
+
+18
+00:01:38,970 --> 00:01:43,590
+theme in an original way. Shakespeare uses this
+
+19
+00:01:43,590 --> 00:01:46,130
+poem or this sonnet to exalt poetry and his
+
+20
+00:01:46,130 --> 00:01:49,250
+beloved. The poem begins with a historical
+
+21
+00:01:49,250 --> 00:01:50,990
+question to present the suggestion of the
+
+22
+00:01:50,990 --> 00:01:53,310
+comparison between his friend and a summer's day.
+
+23
+00:01:53,840 --> 00:01:56,080
+The rhetorical question, of course, with no answer
+
+24
+00:01:56,080 --> 00:01:59,320
+because no way to compare his friend with the
+
+25
+00:01:59,320 --> 00:02:01,820
+summer's day, which in a sense is his friend more
+
+26
+00:02:01,820 --> 00:02:04,840
+lovely and temperate, though summer is the most
+
+27
+00:02:04,840 --> 00:02:07,760
+lovable season and Shakespeare refused at the same
+
+28
+00:02:07,760 --> 00:02:11,380
+time to compare it with his friend. In other
+
+29
+00:02:11,380 --> 00:02:14,920
+words, he just picked the summer day, which is
+
+30
+00:02:14,920 --> 00:02:18,460
+beautiful and natural scene to manifest that is
+
+31
+00:02:18,460 --> 00:02:20,820
+different beauty more than the beauties of the
+
+32
+00:02:20,820 --> 00:02:23,460
+summer day, summer's day. Shakespeare in these
+
+33
+00:02:23,460 --> 00:02:26,000
+lines, at the first one, especially the first
+
+34
+00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:29,240
+lines began to list the unpleasant features that
+
+35
+00:02:29,240 --> 00:02:32,920
+are probable to happen during the summer day. As
+
+36
+00:02:32,920 --> 00:02:36,020
+Shakespeare has used the eternal means, lines of
+
+37
+00:02:36,020 --> 00:02:38,620
+poetry to prove the death, but will not take his
+
+38
+00:02:38,620 --> 00:02:41,400
+friend, because as long as his life continues, his
+
+39
+00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:45,680
+friend will be of everlasting memorial. Talking
+
+40
+00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:47,920
+about the theme, it might be about the immorality
+
+41
+00:02:47,920 --> 00:02:51,580
+of his beloved through the eternal lines or in his
+
+42
+00:02:51,580 --> 00:02:53,820
+sonnet. The use of the figurative speech is
+
+43
+00:02:53,820 --> 00:02:55,920
+clearly seen. The metaphors simulate the
+
+44
+00:02:55,920 --> 00:03:00,390
+persification and alliteration. Finally, I want to
+
+45
+00:03:00,390 --> 00:03:03,890
+talk about the Shakespearean Sonnet. It is printed
+
+46
+00:03:03,890 --> 00:03:07,350
+as an unbroken 14 lines poem rather than as two
+
+47
+00:03:07,350 --> 00:03:10,190
+sections of eight lines and six lines. Thank you.
+
+48
+00:03:10,230 --> 00:03:13,530
+Okay, thank you very much. This is like more than,
+
+49
+00:03:13,670 --> 00:03:17,710
+you know, initial response. You know, she has the
+
+50
+00:03:17,710 --> 00:03:20,450
+courage to go and like to look at certain
+
+51
+00:03:20,450 --> 00:03:23,870
+aesthetic aspects. Okay, another, like there's
+
+52
+00:03:23,870 --> 00:03:27,670
+space for another response. Yes, please. Is it for
+
+53
+00:03:27,670 --> 00:03:30,870
+the first time? Okay, you come here.
+
+54
+00:03:40,280 --> 00:03:42,780
+Shall I Compare Thee is a poem wrote by
+
+55
+00:03:42,780 --> 00:03:45,080
+Shakespeare, the great Elizabethan writer and
+
+56
+00:03:45,080 --> 00:03:48,920
+actor and playwriter. And he wrote a sonnet. Wow,
+
+57
+00:03:49,080 --> 00:03:51,500
+Shakespeare has a great number of plays and great
+
+58
+00:03:51,500 --> 00:03:54,740
+drama and great number of sonnets. Anybody can
+
+59
+00:03:54,740 --> 00:03:59,080
+easily know who is Shakespeare. Shakespeare in his
+
+60
+00:03:59,080 --> 00:04:01,600
+sonnet make like a nice gift to his friends to
+
+61
+00:04:01,600 --> 00:04:04,820
+express his loyalty and how he is care about her.
+
+62
+00:04:05,430 --> 00:04:08,350
+He introduced his poem by asking her questions
+
+63
+00:04:08,350 --> 00:04:12,290
+which hold lovely and romantic meanings. The poem
+
+64
+00:04:12,290 --> 00:04:15,570
+is full of musical tunes. Summer in England is
+
+65
+00:04:15,570 --> 00:04:18,330
+beautiful and full of nice roses and blossom trees
+
+66
+00:04:18,330 --> 00:04:21,910
+and sunshine and great nice smell from the nature.
+
+67
+00:04:22,230 --> 00:04:24,950
+When he makes a question, he introduced his
+
+68
+00:04:24,950 --> 00:04:28,550
+respect for his friend and if he found beautiful
+
+69
+00:04:28,550 --> 00:04:32,870
+elements, he will remember her and imagine her
+
+70
+00:04:32,870 --> 00:04:36,530
+around in a beautiful scene of beauty and happy
+
+71
+00:04:36,530 --> 00:04:39,570
+and he will enjoy remembering her. The language
+
+72
+00:04:39,570 --> 00:04:42,410
+seems simple and common and he described the
+
+73
+00:04:42,410 --> 00:04:45,050
+beauty of summer and he saw her inside the
+
+74
+00:04:45,050 --> 00:04:49,310
+sunshine or the blossom trees. The tone of the
+
+75
+00:04:49,310 --> 00:04:54,110
+poem reflect his happiness of the beauty and
+
+76
+00:04:54,110 --> 00:04:57,910
+shyness of the summer days. Also the boy tries to
+
+77
+00:04:57,910 --> 00:05:02,250
+immortalize the beauty of his friend but he cannot
+
+78
+00:05:02,250 --> 00:05:06,310
+because life is mortal and we all will die. So he
+
+79
+00:05:06,310 --> 00:05:09,960
+decided to immortalize her her beauty by his
+
+80
+00:05:09,960 --> 00:05:14,120
+poetry among the generations. In addition, he uses
+
+81
+00:05:14,120 --> 00:05:16,780
+a lot of figure of speech to support his happiness
+
+82
+00:05:16,780 --> 00:05:19,900
+of summer. I think his friend deserves this
+
+83
+00:05:19,900 --> 00:05:23,180
+beautiful poem. It's clear from his respect for
+
+84
+00:05:23,180 --> 00:05:25,700
+her and he has enjoyed to share with her the
+
+85
+00:05:25,700 --> 00:05:29,560
+beautiful of summer days. Okay, so I think we have
+
+86
+00:05:29,560 --> 00:05:35,500
+a poet who is very sincere to his friend and he's
+
+87
+00:05:35,500 --> 00:05:39,590
+trying to do something To his friend, you know, I
+
+88
+00:05:39,590 --> 00:05:43,750
+say to his because you know this sonnet is
+
+89
+00:05:43,750 --> 00:05:49,850
+addressed to his friend William Harvey who was a
+
+90
+00:05:49,850 --> 00:05:54,140
+favorite of like Queen Elizabeth. I mean, there
+
+91
+00:05:54,140 --> 00:05:58,600
+are a lot of arguments about who's WH, but most of
+
+92
+00:05:58,600 --> 00:06:03,160
+the critics agree that it is William Harvey, a
+
+93
+00:06:03,160 --> 00:06:07,000
+close friend to Shakespeare, and he was dedicating
+
+94
+00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:15,200
+this poem to him. Now, I'm just like, I know it's
+
+95
+00:06:15,200 --> 00:06:19,630
+not like the layout, but it's good to look at. If
+
+96
+00:06:19,630 --> 00:06:23,470
+you all want to fix it, you can. So, now
+
+97
+00:06:23,470 --> 00:06:26,110
+Shakespeare at the beginning of this poem is
+
+98
+00:06:26,110 --> 00:06:29,870
+asking question, shall I compare thee to a
+
+99
+00:06:29,870 --> 00:06:34,730
+summer's day? Do you think, you know, he's
+
+100
+00:06:34,730 --> 00:06:39,190
+comparing? It's a question, but is Shakespeare
+
+101
+00:06:39,190 --> 00:06:44,360
+going to compare? Okay, why? So it's very tricky.
+
+102
+00:06:44,920 --> 00:06:48,140
+He's asking a question, and all of us think that
+
+103
+00:06:48,140 --> 00:06:52,500
+he's comparing. Is he comparing? But he's rather
+
+104
+00:06:52,500 --> 00:06:56,800
+what? Contrasting. No, he's not showing
+
+105
+00:06:56,800 --> 00:07:00,100
+similarities, but he's showing differences. Now,
+
+106
+00:07:00,220 --> 00:07:05,320
+the question is, what reasons? Yes. Does
+
+107
+00:07:05,320 --> 00:07:10,810
+Shakespeare have for not Comparing. Why, you know,
+
+108
+00:07:11,170 --> 00:07:13,850
+does he decline to compare? You know what means
+
+109
+00:07:13,850 --> 00:07:17,650
+decline? Just refuse. Why does he decline to
+
+110
+00:07:17,650 --> 00:07:21,470
+compare the beauty of his friend to the beauty of
+
+111
+00:07:21,470 --> 00:07:25,990
+someone? You can just make a list. Thank you, Ola.
+
+112
+00:07:26,390 --> 00:07:30,610
+Yeah, I think it is good. Yes, you can make a
+
+113
+00:07:30,610 --> 00:07:38,290
+small list. Why would he, yes, like, Not like to
+
+114
+00:07:38,290 --> 00:07:38,810
+compare.
+
+115
+00:07:45,190 --> 00:07:46,250
+Why you think?
+
+116
+00:07:51,330 --> 00:07:54,090
+You just make a list and you will see.
+
+117
+00:08:06,170 --> 00:08:06,770
+Yes?
+
+118
+00:08:09,520 --> 00:08:14,860
+Yes? Because Shakespeare thinks that summer's
+
+119
+00:08:14,860 --> 00:08:19,800
+beauty is fragile and can fail. Yes. And it's cold
+
+120
+00:08:19,800 --> 00:08:25,580
+by winter, so it's not warm. He thinks that... The
+
+121
+00:08:25,580 --> 00:08:28,600
+summer beauty is fragile and can be shaken, so
+
+122
+00:08:28,600 --> 00:08:34,760
+it's not... Yeah, so what he was like to say that
+
+123
+00:08:34,760 --> 00:08:38,960
+summers, like the beauty of summer is evanescent.
+
+124
+00:08:39,280 --> 00:08:43,360
+It's short-lived, short-lived. It is brief, it is
+
+125
+00:08:43,360 --> 00:08:48,400
+temporal. So the beauty of summer is short-lived.
+
+126
+00:08:51,440 --> 00:08:56,180
+Short-lived, very evanescent.
+
+127
+00:09:01,500 --> 00:09:08,000
+Very venesant, very temporal, okay? So, okay, this
+
+128
+00:09:08,000 --> 00:09:11,680
+one reason, another reason, like why? So what's
+
+129
+00:09:11,680 --> 00:09:18,880
+wrong with summer? It is short. What else? It is
+
+130
+00:09:18,880 --> 00:09:22,960
+hot. It is, no, it is hot and cold at the same
+
+131
+00:09:22,960 --> 00:09:29,940
+time. It is changeable. It is not consistent. So
+
+132
+00:09:29,940 --> 00:09:32,600
+when we're talking about summer, it is changeable.
+
+133
+00:09:32,880 --> 00:09:36,500
+It is fluctuating. I like the word fluctuating.
+
+134
+00:09:42,880 --> 00:09:46,460
+You know, sometimes it is like hot, sometimes it
+
+135
+00:09:46,460 --> 00:09:49,980
+is cold, you know, so it is not consistent. What
+
+136
+00:09:49,980 --> 00:09:51,560
+else? The wind.
+
+137
+00:09:54,300 --> 00:09:59,140
+What's wrong with the wind? Not merciful, the ones
+
+138
+00:09:59,140 --> 00:10:06,360
+are cruel. Yes, look at this image. You know, like
+
+139
+00:10:06,360 --> 00:10:11,420
+rough winds do shake the darling buds of May.
+
+140
+00:10:13,000 --> 00:10:15,660
+Rough winds. Here.
+
+141
+00:10:19,220 --> 00:10:25,500
+Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May. It's
+
+142
+00:10:25,500 --> 00:10:31,980
+an image of horror. It's an image of death.
+
+143
+00:10:33,860 --> 00:10:36,400
+Yeah. And it is, like, massive because, you know,
+
+144
+00:10:36,420 --> 00:10:39,960
+the birds... Of course, this is, you know... I
+
+145
+00:10:39,960 --> 00:10:43,080
+know it is, you know, it seems like a
+
+146
+00:10:43,080 --> 00:10:46,060
+personification, but the whole image is a metonymy
+
+147
+00:10:46,060 --> 00:10:50,300
+of death sweeping the lives of people. In the
+
+148
+00:10:50,300 --> 00:10:52,180
+Elizabethan time, they were concerned with the
+
+149
+00:10:52,180 --> 00:11:00,490
+idea of death. So here, yes, summer. Is what? Is
+
+150
+00:11:00,490 --> 00:11:08,490
+cruel. Is cruel. Is ruthless. Ruthless means very
+
+151
+00:11:08,490 --> 00:11:11,830
+cruel. Cruel.
+
+152
+00:11:14,070 --> 00:11:14,470
+Sorry.
+
+153
+00:11:21,770 --> 00:11:23,310
+Means ruthless.
+
+154
+00:11:31,940 --> 00:11:35,900
+Yes, what else? Do you have other things? Why he
+
+155
+00:11:35,900 --> 00:11:39,380
+wouldn't like to compare? Yes, please. The beauty
+
+156
+00:11:39,380 --> 00:11:43,640
+of the summer by the sunshine is not lasting
+
+157
+00:11:43,640 --> 00:11:46,020
+because it will be covered and damped by the
+
+158
+00:11:46,020 --> 00:11:50,900
+clouds. So the sun, which is part of the summer's
+
+159
+00:11:50,900 --> 00:11:55,220
+beauty, is not permanent. It is like sometimes it
+
+160
+00:11:55,220 --> 00:11:58,880
+is there, sometimes it disappears. So again, the
+
+161
+00:11:58,880 --> 00:12:03,020
+idea of consistency is absent. What else?
+
+162
+00:12:05,920 --> 00:12:13,700
+So someone is
+
+163
+00:12:13,700 --> 00:12:17,500
+liable to decay. Someone is liable to decay, is
+
+164
+00:12:17,500 --> 00:12:20,540
+liable to death. Again, all these ideas are
+
+165
+00:12:20,540 --> 00:12:25,480
+repeated, but every time we have a fresh image.
+
+166
+00:12:27,420 --> 00:12:29,940
+But it seems like there is a problem here. Don't
+
+167
+00:12:29,940 --> 00:12:34,140
+you think like when somebody is having like all
+
+168
+00:12:34,140 --> 00:12:37,700
+these forces of death, and he's concerned about
+
+169
+00:12:37,700 --> 00:12:40,120
+the beauty of his friend, so he should be looking
+
+170
+00:12:40,120 --> 00:12:44,940
+for an alternative. You see? I mean, it's a
+
+171
+00:12:44,940 --> 00:12:47,560
+dilemma. You know what's been a dilemma? It's a
+
+172
+00:12:47,560 --> 00:12:50,880
+problem, you know? And Shakespeare should find out
+
+173
+00:12:50,880 --> 00:12:56,500
+a way out of this dilemma, like to, let's say, to
+
+174
+00:12:56,500 --> 00:13:00,460
+keep the beauty of his friend. Because, you know,
+
+175
+00:13:00,520 --> 00:13:04,420
+he thinks that his, the beauty of his friend was
+
+176
+00:13:04,420 --> 00:13:08,220
+different and it should be preserved also in a
+
+177
+00:13:08,220 --> 00:13:11,330
+different way. It is not like The Beauty of
+
+178
+00:13:11,330 --> 00:13:15,130
+Summer. I think, you know, this poem is, we might
+
+179
+00:13:15,130 --> 00:13:18,330
+admire the poet for his sincerity. You know, this
+
+180
+00:13:18,330 --> 00:13:22,190
+is like a very sincere emotion from a friend to a
+
+181
+00:13:22,190 --> 00:13:27,910
+friend. Okay, let's look at the poem. And I think
+
+182
+00:13:27,910 --> 00:13:31,770
+you read it aloud at home. Now, shall I compare
+
+183
+00:13:31,770 --> 00:13:35,750
+thee to a summer's day? Like, this is a question.
+
+184
+00:13:35,870 --> 00:13:39,300
+What kind of question it is? It is a rhetorical
+
+185
+00:13:39,300 --> 00:13:42,800
+question. Now, okay, it's a rhetorical question,
+
+186
+00:13:42,900 --> 00:13:45,200
+but what are the implications of the rhetorical
+
+187
+00:13:45,200 --> 00:13:49,940
+questions? When he says, shall I compare thee to a
+
+188
+00:13:49,940 --> 00:13:54,740
+summer's day? Okay, there is nowhere to compare.
+
+189
+00:13:55,060 --> 00:14:00,150
+Yes. Shakespeare is not sure to compare the summer
+
+190
+00:14:00,150 --> 00:14:02,470
+day with the beauty of his friend. Yeah, he's not
+
+191
+00:14:02,470 --> 00:14:05,310
+sure to compare because he thinks that the beauty
+
+192
+00:14:05,310 --> 00:14:08,410
+of his friend is more consistent. Yes, Anna? He's
+
+193
+00:14:08,410 --> 00:14:11,630
+maybe confused or in a dilemma, like you said,
+
+194
+00:14:12,010 --> 00:14:15,190
+that if he had the right to compare his friend to
+
+195
+00:14:15,190 --> 00:14:17,730
+the summer's day. So yes, I like this, Anna,
+
+196
+00:14:17,810 --> 00:14:22,130
+because it seems like he was in the mood of
+
+197
+00:14:22,130 --> 00:14:26,710
+reflection, and he was a little bit you know,
+
+198
+00:14:26,850 --> 00:14:31,710
+confused, you know, about, like, the best way to,
+
+199
+00:14:31,990 --> 00:14:35,830
+you know, immortalize his friend. So he started by
+
+200
+00:14:35,830 --> 00:14:39,590
+a reflective mood and saying, shall I compare thee
+
+201
+00:14:39,590 --> 00:14:42,850
+to a summer's day? And then suddenly he realized,
+
+202
+00:14:43,010 --> 00:14:46,890
+like, nah. No, I'm not going to do that. Why?
+
+203
+00:14:47,010 --> 00:14:53,090
+Because thou are more lovely and more temperate.
+
+204
+00:14:53,330 --> 00:14:56,930
+So he's now he started contrasting. The tricky
+
+205
+00:14:56,930 --> 00:15:01,810
+thing is like in refusing to compare, he started
+
+206
+00:15:01,810 --> 00:15:06,850
+to contrast, to show how, you know, they are, you
+
+207
+00:15:06,850 --> 00:15:11,430
+know, the beauty of summer and the beauty of his
+
+208
+00:15:11,430 --> 00:15:14,630
+friend, how they are discrepant. You know what's
+
+209
+00:15:14,630 --> 00:15:17,570
+discrepant? Different. Let me write the word
+
+210
+00:15:17,570 --> 00:15:18,130
+discrepant.
+
+211
+00:15:29,160 --> 00:15:30,480
+Describant.
+
+212
+00:15:33,020 --> 00:15:33,980
+Oh, okay.
+
+213
+00:15:45,640 --> 00:15:46,960
+Okay.
+
+214
+00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:00,900
+Yeah.
+
+215
+00:16:05,740 --> 00:16:09,400
+Discrepant, as you see, something different. Is it
+
+216
+00:16:09,400 --> 00:16:14,960
+clear? Okay. Discrepant means something different.
+
+217
+00:16:25,940 --> 00:16:29,030
+Okay. Okay, it's clear.
+
+218
+00:16:32,490 --> 00:16:37,650
+Okay, I don't care. Yes, discrepant means
+
+219
+00:16:37,650 --> 00:16:43,930
+different. Okay, in what way? In what way it is
+
+220
+00:16:43,930 --> 00:16:44,470
+discrepant?
+
+221
+00:16:48,430 --> 00:16:51,570
+It is, no, they are more lovely and more
+
+222
+00:16:51,570 --> 00:16:54,270
+temperate. It is like temperate. It is balanced.
+
+223
+00:16:54,630 --> 00:16:57,210
+So the idea of balance, we saw the idea of
+
+224
+00:16:57,210 --> 00:17:00,850
+balance, if you remember in Spencer, we saw the
+
+225
+00:17:00,850 --> 00:17:06,210
+idea of balance in Sydney. So the idea of balance
+
+226
+00:17:06,210 --> 00:17:10,810
+was something valuable in the Elizabethan time. So
+
+227
+00:17:10,810 --> 00:17:14,190
+to be balanced was something, you know, good.
+
+228
+00:17:15,230 --> 00:17:20,710
+Balance, you know? Okay, now let's go back to the
+
+229
+00:17:20,710 --> 00:17:20,970
+poem.
+
+230
+00:17:27,590 --> 00:17:32,170
+So rough winds do shake the darling. Now he's
+
+231
+00:17:32,170 --> 00:17:39,970
+going to justify why he wouldn't compare. He says,
+
+232
+00:17:40,390 --> 00:17:43,890
+rough winds do shake the darling buds of May.
+
+233
+00:17:45,310 --> 00:17:50,300
+Rough winds. Of course, it's a personification
+
+234
+00:17:50,300 --> 00:17:55,700
+here. But if you look at it again, rough winds do
+
+235
+00:17:55,700 --> 00:17:59,400
+shake the darling buds of May. It's a very
+
+236
+00:17:59,400 --> 00:18:05,520
+frightening image. And we said, yes. that the
+
+237
+00:18:05,520 --> 00:18:08,680
+rough wind will destroy everything in the summer
+
+238
+00:18:08,680 --> 00:18:13,440
+season. That will destroy the buds of May. So
+
+239
+00:18:13,440 --> 00:18:17,440
+summer will be changed, summer will be destroyed,
+
+240
+00:18:17,940 --> 00:18:22,500
+but his friend beauty will stay forever. Yeah, but
+
+241
+00:18:22,500 --> 00:18:26,660
+like here, he says rough winds in summer because
+
+242
+00:18:26,660 --> 00:18:30,930
+in England summer It's not like our summer stable.
+
+243
+00:18:31,370 --> 00:18:35,230
+It is fluctuating, as we said. So usually, it is
+
+244
+00:18:35,230 --> 00:18:39,050
+very stormy in summer. And what happens to the
+
+245
+00:18:39,050 --> 00:18:43,250
+bare jawning, to the newly budding buds? Those
+
+246
+00:18:43,250 --> 00:18:48,330
+innocent, those soft buds are fragile. They can be
+
+247
+00:18:48,330 --> 00:18:53,460
+easily shaken off. Look here, the disparity. Look,
+
+248
+00:18:54,020 --> 00:18:57,540
+the disparity between, like in power, between
+
+249
+00:18:57,540 --> 00:19:04,280
+those innocent buds and like those rough winds. Of
+
+250
+00:19:04,280 --> 00:19:08,240
+course, the rough winds might be a metonymy for
+
+251
+00:19:08,240 --> 00:19:13,000
+death itself, the forces of death. And the buds is
+
+252
+00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:17,680
+a metonymy of what? People. People. People. You
+
+253
+00:19:17,680 --> 00:19:21,440
+know? Very, you know, reflective image and very
+
+254
+00:19:21,440 --> 00:19:25,790
+frightening at the same time. And summer's lease,
+
+255
+00:19:26,410 --> 00:19:30,210
+again here, he's adding another reason why he
+
+256
+00:19:30,210 --> 00:19:36,130
+wouldn't compare. And summer's lease has all too
+
+257
+00:19:36,130 --> 00:19:40,970
+short a date. What does it mean lease? Of course
+
+258
+00:19:40,970 --> 00:19:44,290
+lease here, it's like a vacation, but he means
+
+259
+00:19:44,290 --> 00:19:51,250
+time. Summer's time has too short a date. So what
+
+260
+00:19:51,250 --> 00:19:55,280
+does he mean? Summer is too short. And in England,
+
+261
+00:19:55,500 --> 00:19:59,060
+summer is like only two months. Summer and spring
+
+262
+00:19:59,060 --> 00:20:05,100
+are conflated together, and it's only like two
+
+263
+00:20:05,100 --> 00:20:05,520
+months.
+
+264
+00:20:09,200 --> 00:20:14,360
+People get excited, but suddenly it disappears.
+
+265
+00:20:15,980 --> 00:20:19,180
+And here, as you see, one of the reasons or
+
+266
+00:20:19,180 --> 00:20:22,440
+another reasons why he wouldn't, it is the brevity
+
+267
+00:20:24,120 --> 00:20:28,280
+of summer. And what is brief also to the
+
+268
+00:20:28,280 --> 00:20:32,700
+Elizabethan was not valuable. What is brief was
+
+269
+00:20:32,700 --> 00:20:33,380
+not valuable.
+
+270
+00:20:37,400 --> 00:20:43,420
+And summers leave her all too short a date. Again,
+
+271
+00:20:43,480 --> 00:20:48,340
+he's adding more reasons. Sometime Too hot, the
+
+272
+00:20:48,340 --> 00:20:51,460
+eye of heaven shines. Look, Shakespeare is playing
+
+273
+00:20:51,460 --> 00:20:56,220
+with sometime. Sometime, you know? You know, a
+
+274
+00:20:56,220 --> 00:21:00,140
+certain time. Too hot, and sometimes, you know, we
+
+275
+00:21:00,140 --> 00:21:02,400
+know that sometimes it's an adverb of frequency.
+
+276
+00:21:04,120 --> 00:21:06,820
+You know what I mean, adverbs of frequency? What
+
+277
+00:21:06,820 --> 00:21:07,900
+is an adverb of frequency?
+
+278
+00:21:10,920 --> 00:21:15,380
+What is an adverb of frequency? Could you just
+
+279
+00:21:15,380 --> 00:21:19,220
+tell me what are the adverbs of frequency? Yes.
+
+280
+00:21:21,100 --> 00:21:22,740
+Like always?
+
+281
+00:21:25,320 --> 00:21:29,800
+Can you just like arrange them by order? Which is
+
+282
+00:21:29,800 --> 00:21:32,500
+more like frequent? Usually?
+
+283
+00:21:35,920 --> 00:21:44,670
+No, always usually? Often? Sometimes? No, we have
+
+284
+00:21:44,670 --> 00:21:48,390
+between them, we have repeatedly, occasionally,
+
+285
+00:21:49,170 --> 00:21:51,590
+and then rarely and you know, so repeatedly.
+
+286
+00:21:56,810 --> 00:21:58,030
+Frequently, sorry.
+
+287
+00:22:01,310 --> 00:22:05,290
+Okay, okay Khaled, don't worry.
+
+288
+00:22:09,730 --> 00:22:10,370
+Repeatedly.
+
+289
+00:22:14,810 --> 00:22:18,670
+Okay. Do not respond, leave me alone.
+
+290
+00:22:25,050 --> 00:22:26,430
+I don't know what happened.
+
+291
+00:22:30,010 --> 00:22:33,970
+Okay, and so on. These are adverbs of frequency.
+
+292
+00:22:35,630 --> 00:22:39,630
+Repeatedly, hardly, okay, you know? So when he
+
+293
+00:22:39,630 --> 00:22:44,410
+says sometimes, it means like, This has to do with
+
+294
+00:22:44,410 --> 00:22:50,290
+what? Fluctuation. This has to do with, you know,
+
+295
+00:22:50,390 --> 00:22:52,990
+changeability. Like the beauty of summer is not
+
+296
+00:22:52,990 --> 00:22:58,510
+stable, is not fixed. So what is not stable, what
+
+297
+00:22:58,510 --> 00:23:02,910
+is not brief, what is, you know, is not valued in
+
+298
+00:23:02,910 --> 00:23:07,630
+the lesbian time. And oven, you know, sometimes
+
+299
+00:23:07,630 --> 00:23:13,090
+too hot, too hot, the eye of heaven shines. and
+
+300
+00:23:13,090 --> 00:23:18,810
+often his old complexion dimmed. So he's talking
+
+301
+00:23:18,810 --> 00:23:21,650
+about the sun. What kind of figure of speech do
+
+302
+00:23:21,650 --> 00:23:22,110
+you have here?
+
+303
+00:23:25,190 --> 00:23:29,630
+Yeah, the eye of heaven, you know, here, it's a
+
+304
+00:23:29,630 --> 00:23:34,370
+metaphor. But culturally,
+
+305
+00:23:34,910 --> 00:23:39,970
+when you think of the sun as an eye of heaven, I
+
+306
+00:23:39,970 --> 00:23:46,050
+know it's a metaphor, What does this mean to us or
+
+307
+00:23:46,050 --> 00:23:50,010
+to English people? Do you think we might share the
+
+308
+00:23:50,010 --> 00:23:53,870
+same cultural connotation or? Yeah, because, yes.
+
+309
+00:23:57,370 --> 00:24:02,210
+Yes, I know, but like here, the sun, I mean, the
+
+310
+00:24:02,210 --> 00:24:06,730
+eye of heaven, the sun. You think, you know, here,
+
+311
+00:24:06,990 --> 00:24:10,810
+they value the sun very much. Why? Because in
+
+312
+00:24:10,810 --> 00:24:18,080
+England, The sun is always dim. It doesn't appear
+
+313
+00:24:18,080 --> 00:24:23,600
+a lot. So they say the eye of heaven sometimes,
+
+314
+00:24:24,060 --> 00:24:27,060
+sometimes too hot, the eye of heaven shines. And
+
+315
+00:24:27,060 --> 00:24:31,860
+often his old complexion dimmed. So the idea of
+
+316
+00:24:31,860 --> 00:24:36,120
+changeability is there. The idea of brevity is
+
+317
+00:24:36,120 --> 00:24:42,500
+there. And every fair from fair, I see, and every
+
+318
+00:24:42,500 --> 00:24:48,240
+fair, and every fair from fair sometimes declines.
+
+319
+00:24:48,420 --> 00:24:51,580
+How should we read this line? How should we read
+
+320
+00:24:51,580 --> 00:24:56,540
+this line? I know, but how should we read it? And
+
+321
+00:24:56,540 --> 00:24:59,500
+every fair from fair sometimes declines like this?
+
+322
+00:25:00,040 --> 00:25:05,840
+Sadly? Yes, how would you read it? I want somebody
+
+323
+00:25:05,840 --> 00:25:09,120
+to come here and to read it. Do you have the
+
+324
+00:25:09,120 --> 00:25:12,400
+nerves to come here? Let's see. Who has the nerves
+
+325
+00:25:12,400 --> 00:25:15,600
+to come here and to read this line? And every fair
+
+326
+00:25:15,600 --> 00:25:21,260
+from fair sometime declines, yes? No, no, I want
+
+327
+00:25:21,260 --> 00:25:24,360
+like you to come and say, to read this, yes? I say
+
+328
+00:25:24,360 --> 00:25:29,100
+who has the courage? Who has the nerves? Okay, I
+
+329
+00:25:29,100 --> 00:25:31,740
+read it like differently and you vote for which
+
+330
+00:25:31,740 --> 00:25:31,980
+one.
+
+331
+00:25:35,620 --> 00:25:40,180
+And every fur from fur sometimes declines. No.
+
+332
+00:25:40,900 --> 00:25:45,700
+Okay. And every fur from fur sometimes declines.
+
+333
+00:25:46,260 --> 00:25:52,460
+So why not? Why not? You think there is sadness?
+
+334
+00:25:53,560 --> 00:25:59,320
+And every fur from fur sometimes declines. Is it
+
+335
+00:25:59,320 --> 00:26:04,760
+like this? Okay. I don't think he's sad about
+
+336
+00:26:04,760 --> 00:26:08,900
+summer. It's like... No, he's here when he say,
+
+337
+00:26:09,020 --> 00:26:13,300
+and every fair from fair sometime declines. But
+
+338
+00:26:13,300 --> 00:26:16,240
+the eternal beauty of his friend will never fade.
+
+339
+00:26:16,500 --> 00:26:19,960
+So he's like comparing that his friend will not
+
+340
+00:26:19,960 --> 00:26:23,040
+fade. So he's not sad about this. He's happy about
+
+341
+00:26:23,040 --> 00:26:25,460
+that things will... So it should be like, and
+
+342
+00:26:25,460 --> 00:26:28,720
+every fair from fair sometime declines? I don't
+
+343
+00:26:28,720 --> 00:26:32,880
+think so, because here he's in a mood of
+
+344
+00:26:32,880 --> 00:26:36,440
+reflection because this is a frightening thing. I
+
+345
+00:26:36,440 --> 00:26:39,840
+don't think he's relaxed. This is very
+
+346
+00:26:39,840 --> 00:26:43,200
+disconcerting. This is very worrying. So it should
+
+347
+00:26:43,200 --> 00:26:49,760
+be, and every fear from fear sometimes declines.
+
+348
+00:26:51,170 --> 00:26:55,690
+Very, you know, he's meditating. He's meditating.
+
+349
+00:26:56,170 --> 00:27:00,350
+And look at the alliteration. And every fair from
+
+350
+00:27:00,350 --> 00:27:04,670
+fair sometime declines. Very disgusting, very
+
+351
+00:27:04,670 --> 00:27:08,490
+frightening. I think, you know, you can translate
+
+352
+00:27:08,490 --> 00:27:11,150
+this into Arabic. Anybody can translate into
+
+353
+00:27:11,150 --> 00:27:18,630
+Arabic, like this line, yes? Okay. Can you improve
+
+354
+00:27:18,630 --> 00:27:25,050
+that translation? Yes? I like, wa kullu jamal ila
+
+355
+00:27:25,050 --> 00:27:29,070
+zawal. It's very musical. Wa kullu jamalin ila
+
+356
+00:27:29,070 --> 00:27:33,470
+zawal. You know? Yes, it should be like this. And
+
+357
+00:27:33,470 --> 00:27:36,990
+every fur from fur sometime declines.
+
+358
+00:27:39,590 --> 00:27:45,890
+How? Shakespeare is telling us by chance or
+
+359
+00:27:45,890 --> 00:27:49,630
+nature's changing course untrimmed.
+
+360
+00:27:51,370 --> 00:28:00,970
+By chance. Who's a chance? Chance. Yes. Fate. It
+
+361
+00:28:00,970 --> 00:28:06,930
+is a medieval image of a blind woman sitting
+
+362
+00:28:06,930 --> 00:28:13,140
+behind a wheel and turning the wheel. So it is not
+
+363
+00:28:13,140 --> 00:28:16,560
+sure where your place, it is something random,
+
+364
+00:28:17,140 --> 00:28:20,860
+chance. So chance means like things are
+
+365
+00:28:20,860 --> 00:28:23,140
+unpredictable, you don't know for sure what will
+
+366
+00:28:23,140 --> 00:28:28,720
+happen to you. So chance is like very frightening
+
+367
+00:28:28,720 --> 00:28:36,900
+thing, or nature's changing course untrimmed. So
+
+368
+00:28:36,900 --> 00:28:40,020
+the course of nature, this is a metonymy of
+
+369
+00:28:40,020 --> 00:28:46,100
+natural disasters. Natural disasters are
+
+370
+00:28:46,100 --> 00:28:50,000
+untrimmed. You know what's been trimmed? When
+
+371
+00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:53,620
+things, like when you go and like when we go and
+
+372
+00:28:53,620 --> 00:28:57,960
+trim our hair or our, like we trim, we make it
+
+373
+00:28:57,960 --> 00:29:05,440
+equal. So when things are untrimmed, It means some
+
+374
+00:29:05,440 --> 00:29:10,920
+of them are large, small, so they are unequal. So
+
+375
+00:29:10,920 --> 00:29:14,120
+what he wants to say that the disasters, the
+
+376
+00:29:14,120 --> 00:29:18,360
+natural disasters are unpredictable and they are
+
+377
+00:29:18,360 --> 00:29:21,820
+not similar in size. So some disaster are
+
+378
+00:29:21,820 --> 00:29:27,900
+horrifying like tsunamis, earthquakes. All these
+
+379
+00:29:27,900 --> 00:29:35,710
+are untrimmed, natural disasters or catastrophes.
+
+380
+00:29:36,870 --> 00:29:42,650
+Now, in this stanza, Shakespeare, in front of all
+
+381
+00:29:42,650 --> 00:29:50,890
+those meditative images, he said, but thy eternal
+
+382
+00:29:50,890 --> 00:29:57,450
+summer shall not fade. Yeah, but thy eternal
+
+383
+00:29:57,450 --> 00:30:01,280
+summer. Look here. The summer, you know, the
+
+384
+00:30:01,280 --> 00:30:04,500
+beauty of his friend is becoming summer itself.
+
+385
+00:30:05,960 --> 00:30:10,640
+Summer. He started by, you know, comparing the
+
+386
+00:30:10,640 --> 00:30:14,180
+beauty, but like, the beauty of his friend is
+
+387
+00:30:14,180 --> 00:30:19,120
+becoming a different summer. But thy eternal
+
+388
+00:30:19,120 --> 00:30:24,320
+summer. Why? Look here, thy eternal. So this is
+
+389
+00:30:24,320 --> 00:30:29,220
+very assertive mood. but thy eternal summer shall
+
+390
+00:30:29,220 --> 00:30:33,140
+not fade. Do you think, you know, when we read
+
+391
+00:30:33,140 --> 00:30:36,460
+this, how should we read it? Thy eternal, but thy
+
+392
+00:30:36,460 --> 00:30:41,440
+eternal summer shall not fade? It should have a
+
+393
+00:30:41,440 --> 00:30:46,720
+strong. Why? Because he's confident. He's
+
+394
+00:30:46,720 --> 00:30:49,520
+pledging. You know what it means, pledging? To
+
+395
+00:30:49,520 --> 00:30:57,330
+pledge. To pledge. To vow. He's vowing. So it
+
+396
+00:30:57,330 --> 00:31:00,850
+should be like, yeah, I want you to help me
+
+397
+00:31:00,850 --> 00:31:07,730
+reading it. Come on. But thy, but thy eternal
+
+398
+00:31:07,730 --> 00:31:15,550
+summer shall not fade. But thy, yes? But thy
+
+399
+00:31:15,550 --> 00:31:20,430
+eternal summer shall not fade. Is it like this? Or
+
+400
+00:31:20,430 --> 00:31:24,430
+stronger. But thy eternal summer shall not fade.
+
+401
+00:31:25,610 --> 00:31:32,410
+nor lose possession of that fair thou owest. You
+
+402
+00:31:32,410 --> 00:31:39,330
+know? So your beauty, your eternal summer will
+
+403
+00:31:39,330 --> 00:31:46,670
+never fade. So summer is compared to a plant, look
+
+404
+00:31:46,670 --> 00:31:52,690
+at this metaphor, which will never fade. Why it is
+
+405
+00:31:52,690 --> 00:31:58,150
+eternal? Because it will never fade. Why will it
+
+406
+00:31:58,150 --> 00:32:02,170
+never fade? Because it is eternal. Okay, because
+
+407
+00:32:02,170 --> 00:32:05,410
+it is eternal. But why it is eternal is the other
+
+408
+00:32:05,410 --> 00:32:08,990
+question, and I think the answer will be revealed
+
+409
+00:32:08,990 --> 00:32:14,650
+at the end of the poem. But thy eternal summer
+
+410
+00:32:14,650 --> 00:32:18,650
+shall not fade, nor lose position of that fair
+
+411
+00:32:18,650 --> 00:32:23,010
+thou owest, thou you have. Nor shall death brag
+
+412
+00:32:23,010 --> 00:32:27,530
+that wondrous is its shape. Nor death, nor shall
+
+413
+00:32:27,530 --> 00:32:32,090
+death. Death, you know, in the Mesopotamian time
+
+414
+00:32:32,090 --> 00:32:37,050
+was very frightening. And Shakespeare here is
+
+415
+00:32:37,050 --> 00:32:42,440
+using a biblical image. Nor shall death brag that
+
+416
+00:32:42,440 --> 00:32:46,220
+wondrous in his shade. Because death, according to
+
+417
+00:32:46,220 --> 00:32:51,320
+the Bible, death will be conceited. Look at them,
+
+418
+00:32:52,060 --> 00:32:56,120
+I inflicted all of them dead. Shakespeare imagined
+
+419
+00:32:56,120 --> 00:32:58,760
+that and he was terrified.
+
+420
+00:33:00,640 --> 00:33:06,140
+No, no, no, death shall never brag. What's mean
+
+421
+00:33:06,140 --> 00:33:12,800
+brag? Like to feel proud, to boast, look at me, to
+
+422
+00:33:12,800 --> 00:33:17,840
+be arrogant, bragging. Is it good to brag? No? So
+
+423
+00:33:17,840 --> 00:33:21,480
+don't brag next time. But you can say, okay, I am
+
+424
+00:33:21,480 --> 00:33:25,720
+the most brilliant student. You can brag. Not for
+
+425
+00:33:25,720 --> 00:33:31,560
+a long time. Nor shall death brag. Look here, nor,
+
+426
+00:33:31,720 --> 00:33:35,180
+nor. Because he's vowing. Shakespeare here is
+
+427
+00:33:35,180 --> 00:33:38,800
+asserting. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
+
+428
+00:33:39,140 --> 00:33:42,780
+nor lose position of that fair thou ow'st, nor
+
+429
+00:33:42,780 --> 00:33:47,360
+shall death brag that wonders in his shape. Where
+
+430
+00:33:47,360 --> 00:33:51,680
+in eternal lines
+
+431
+00:33:51,680 --> 00:33:56,060
+to time thou grow'st. He's explaining how. You are
+
+432
+00:33:56,060 --> 00:34:03,070
+going to live to grow in my poultry. Look here,
+
+433
+00:34:03,890 --> 00:34:07,790
+he's using a metaphor which we call grafting
+
+434
+00:34:07,790 --> 00:34:10,330
+metaphor. You know what's mean grafting? What is
+
+435
+00:34:10,330 --> 00:34:10,690
+grafting?
+
+436
+00:34:13,450 --> 00:34:19,670
+To graft something,
+
+437
+00:34:21,090 --> 00:34:26,970
+like farmers, if they want to add, to graft, to
+
+438
+00:34:26,970 --> 00:34:33,780
+connect two types of plants, they might graft it
+
+439
+00:34:33,780 --> 00:34:38,140
+and do it together. This is grafting. You have
+
+440
+00:34:38,140 --> 00:34:43,120
+here one branch and then they add another stem and
+
+441
+00:34:43,120 --> 00:34:48,140
+this is grafting. So here, this newly grafted will
+
+442
+00:34:48,140 --> 00:34:51,900
+sprout, will go large. Why? Because it will take
+
+443
+00:34:51,900 --> 00:34:57,750
+here. So here, the image that this summer, of his
+
+444
+00:34:57,750 --> 00:35:03,010
+friend will grow. Why? Because it is going to be
+
+445
+00:35:03,010 --> 00:35:07,170
+grafted in his poetry. That's why we call this is
+
+446
+00:35:07,170 --> 00:35:12,190
+a grafting metaphor. When in eternal lines to time
+
+447
+00:35:12,190 --> 00:35:16,070
+that growest. And the eternal lines, it's a
+
+448
+00:35:16,070 --> 00:35:21,790
+metonymy of his poetry. Thank you. It's a metonymy
+
+449
+00:35:21,790 --> 00:35:26,250
+of his poetry. So long. Now this is the couplet.
+
+450
+00:35:27,820 --> 00:35:35,280
+So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, so
+
+451
+00:35:35,280 --> 00:35:43,280
+long live this and this gives life to thee. You
+
+452
+00:35:43,280 --> 00:35:46,180
+see? It's the conclusion. Do you believe
+
+453
+00:35:46,180 --> 00:35:54,240
+Shakespeare? Why? Shakespeare here is very
+
+454
+00:35:54,240 --> 00:35:59,410
+rational. Because he thinks that the beauty of his
+
+455
+00:35:59,410 --> 00:36:05,050
+friend will be remembered, eternalized, as long as
+
+456
+00:36:05,050 --> 00:36:11,290
+his poetry, as long as people do exist on this
+
+457
+00:36:11,290 --> 00:36:14,950
+earth. You see what I mean? So I think Shakespeare
+
+458
+00:36:14,950 --> 00:36:20,970
+here, is he exaggerating? He's confident. Why?
+
+459
+00:36:21,090 --> 00:36:23,970
+Because he thinks He thinks that his poetry will
+
+460
+00:36:23,970 --> 00:36:27,870
+be read. He was confident of his artistic skill.
+
+461
+00:36:28,510 --> 00:36:32,130
+He thought that people would continue reading. And
+
+462
+00:36:32,130 --> 00:36:35,290
+here Shakespeare is being read, reproduced. His
+
+463
+00:36:35,290 --> 00:36:38,790
+plays are reproduced every year. Now it's been for
+
+464
+00:36:38,790 --> 00:36:42,570
+more than 500 years, and England and Shakespeare
+
+465
+00:36:42,570 --> 00:36:45,430
+are conflated together. So Shakespeare was
+
+466
+00:36:45,430 --> 00:36:50,030
+confident that his poetry will be read, and when
+
+467
+00:36:50,030 --> 00:36:53,390
+it will be read, his friend. Now we kept asking,
+
+468
+00:36:53,530 --> 00:36:57,270
+who is this friend? You know? Why? And, you know,
+
+469
+00:36:57,430 --> 00:37:01,090
+so this is how he immortalized. But look here.
+
+470
+00:37:01,250 --> 00:37:05,750
+Yes, lucky friend. So long as men can breathe, as
+
+471
+00:37:05,750 --> 00:37:12,570
+long as breathe or eyes can see. So he's limiting
+
+472
+00:37:12,570 --> 00:37:18,450
+his, you know, hopes for immortality Like, only to
+
+473
+00:37:18,450 --> 00:37:22,290
+the life on this earth. So he was more rational
+
+474
+00:37:22,290 --> 00:37:26,790
+and less ambitious than, you know, Spencer, if you
+
+475
+00:37:26,790 --> 00:37:32,030
+remember. So long live this, and this gives life
+
+476
+00:37:32,030 --> 00:37:34,770
+to thee. See?
+
+477
+00:37:38,190 --> 00:37:43,110
+So here in the couplet, he's giving his final
+
+478
+00:37:43,110 --> 00:37:48,270
+solution. Like, yes, my poetry will eternize you.
+
+479
+00:37:49,410 --> 00:37:53,430
+So we discover then that the poem is about what?
+
+480
+00:37:54,650 --> 00:37:57,930
+So after reading the poem and after analyzing it,
+
+481
+00:37:58,110 --> 00:38:03,110
+it's about what? It's about... Yeah, it could be
+
+482
+00:38:03,110 --> 00:38:05,330
+about friendship. It could be about beauty. But,
+
+483
+00:38:05,410 --> 00:38:06,990
+you know, like at the end of the day, you
+
+484
+00:38:06,990 --> 00:38:10,650
+understand that Shakespeare here, you know, is
+
+485
+00:38:10,650 --> 00:38:17,330
+like... trying to immortalize his, you know, the
+
+486
+00:38:17,330 --> 00:38:19,950
+beauty of his friends through his poetry. But I
+
+487
+00:38:19,950 --> 00:38:23,170
+think if we look at it narrowly, Shakespeare is
+
+488
+00:38:23,170 --> 00:38:26,090
+cherishing his poetry, and he thinks that his
+
+489
+00:38:26,090 --> 00:38:30,250
+poetry is, you know, very artistic, and people
+
+490
+00:38:30,250 --> 00:38:33,790
+will be reading it, you know, as long as they...
+
+491
+00:38:33,790 --> 00:38:40,240
+Why? Because it is poetry in a full sense. Now, I
+
+492
+00:38:40,240 --> 00:38:43,340
+think, you know, we explored the poem, but we have
+
+493
+00:38:43,340 --> 00:38:47,340
+not explored it at all. You have something to
+
+494
+00:38:47,340 --> 00:38:50,960
+film, you know? This poem, you have to look at,
+
+495
+00:38:51,500 --> 00:38:54,700
+you know, the rhyme and the rhythm. It's a
+
+496
+00:38:54,700 --> 00:38:59,820
+Shakespearean sonnet made of three quatrains and a
+
+497
+00:38:59,820 --> 00:39:02,960
+couplet. Now, I want you, like, to look at it and
+
+498
+00:39:02,960 --> 00:39:05,800
+to see what he's doing in each quatrain and how
+
+499
+00:39:05,800 --> 00:39:09,430
+he's developing the argument. You know? In the
+
+500
+00:39:09,430 --> 00:39:12,270
+first quatrain, what is he doing? And in the
+
+501
+00:39:12,270 --> 00:39:15,770
+second quatrain, is he repeating the same idea? Is
+
+502
+00:39:15,770 --> 00:39:18,670
+he repeating himself in the third quatrain? And
+
+503
+00:39:18,670 --> 00:39:21,490
+then in the couplet? Okay? So this is what you
+
+504
+00:39:21,490 --> 00:39:24,590
+have to look at. You have to look at also the
+
+505
+00:39:24,590 --> 00:39:29,170
+rhythm itself. You see? The rhyme, okay. It's a
+
+506
+00:39:29,170 --> 00:39:32,690
+sonnet. The rhythm and the rhyme. And try it
+
+507
+00:39:32,690 --> 00:39:37,400
+like... to write a paragraph, just a small
+
+508
+00:39:37,400 --> 00:39:40,620
+paragraph analyzing, you know, like the theme of
+
+509
+00:39:40,620 --> 00:39:42,900
+this poem. This is like could be as a homework, a
+
+510
+00:39:42,900 --> 00:39:45,220
+small paragraph. And next time we are reading
+
+511
+00:39:45,220 --> 00:39:48,900
+another poem for Shakespeare, and we might also
+
+512
+00:39:48,900 --> 00:39:52,300
+like compare and contrast both of them. Do you
+
+513
+00:39:52,300 --> 00:39:56,840
+have any question? Okay, no questions? Thank you.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/NXauV_x8lWM_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1404 @@
+1
+00:00:13,160 --> 00:00:20,600
+Okay, good morning everybody. How are you today? I
+
+2
+00:00:20,600 --> 00:00:23,540
+don't see many students coming today to the class.
+
+3
+00:00:24,980 --> 00:00:28,510
+I know it is because of the midterm exam. And this
+
+4
+00:00:28,510 --> 00:00:31,590
+is a pity because we said several times, when
+
+5
+00:00:31,590 --> 00:00:34,190
+there is a midterm exam, you cannot absent
+
+6
+00:00:34,190 --> 00:00:40,310
+yourself from class. Anyway, today's class will be
+
+7
+00:00:40,310 --> 00:00:44,510
+like this. We're going, as usual, to listen to a
+
+8
+00:00:44,510 --> 00:00:49,690
+couple of reports. Then we are going to debate
+
+9
+00:00:49,690 --> 00:00:55,200
+about the interpretation, the several or the
+
+10
+00:00:55,200 --> 00:00:59,600
+several possible interpretations of the tiger.
+
+11
+00:01:01,180 --> 00:01:05,840
+And, you know, we're going to debate. If there is
+
+12
+00:01:05,840 --> 00:01:09,060
+like, if we finish with a debate, it would be a
+
+13
+00:01:09,060 --> 00:01:17,340
+nice idea. Okay? So let's start. Let's see who is
+
+14
+00:01:17,340 --> 00:01:19,020
+reporting today. Yes, please.
+
+15
+00:01:28,640 --> 00:01:29,260
+Good morning.
+
+16
+00:01:32,500 --> 00:01:35,020
+It was a shock for the student when Dr. Akram
+
+17
+00:01:35,020 --> 00:01:37,380
+asked for all students daily reports. But it
+
+18
+00:01:37,380 --> 00:01:39,620
+wasn't like that for me because I always write my
+
+19
+00:01:39,620 --> 00:01:41,980
+reports. Many students start writing their reports
+
+20
+00:01:41,980 --> 00:01:45,220
+in lecture, so teacher didn't accept them.
+
+21
+00:01:45,780 --> 00:01:48,040
+According to the Tiger, it was really a little bit
+
+22
+00:01:48,040 --> 00:01:50,680
+difficult, but it needs more analysis and
+
+23
+00:01:50,680 --> 00:01:54,260
+explanation. And actually this time wasn't Dr.
+
+24
+00:01:54,300 --> 00:01:57,120
+Akram who explained it, but it was Mr. Ahlam, Mrs.
+
+25
+00:01:57,200 --> 00:02:01,280
+Ahlam. It was a nice and clear explanation,
+
+26
+00:02:01,700 --> 00:02:05,640
+although we didn't share a lot. Oh, I forgot to
+
+27
+00:02:05,640 --> 00:02:08,400
+say that Dr. Akram read the poem in a nice way,
+
+28
+00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:12,180
+and then commented that Mr. Ahlam's explanation
+
+29
+00:02:12,180 --> 00:02:16,700
+was nice, and that it reminded him of the best
+
+30
+00:02:16,700 --> 00:02:20,200
+days when she was his student. Yes. Thank you very
+
+31
+00:02:20,200 --> 00:02:24,620
+much. Another report. Yes, Khawla.
+
+32
+00:02:33,160 --> 00:02:35,140
+It was the lecture of the poem, Which I Like, The
+
+33
+00:02:35,140 --> 00:02:38,040
+Tiger, by William Blake. Ms. Ahlam attended the
+
+34
+00:02:38,040 --> 00:02:43,360
+lecture and she did her presentation in a nice
+
+35
+00:02:43,360 --> 00:02:45,780
+way. I like her thinking of some words in the
+
+36
+00:02:45,780 --> 00:02:48,740
+poem, but before that Dr. Akram asked each student
+
+37
+00:02:48,740 --> 00:02:52,880
+wrote a report to submit it to him. Unfortunately,
+
+38
+00:02:53,080 --> 00:02:55,920
+I didn't write for that lecture. After that, some
+
+39
+00:02:55,920 --> 00:02:59,740
+students read their reports and Dr. Akram started
+
+40
+00:02:59,740 --> 00:03:02,220
+the lecture by some analysis for the poem. In
+
+41
+00:03:02,220 --> 00:03:04,220
+addition to that, Dr. Akram shared Ms. Ahlam with
+
+42
+00:03:04,220 --> 00:03:07,240
+her presentation. Ms. Ahlam focused in his
+
+43
+00:03:07,240 --> 00:03:10,880
+analysis on the words and the words and its
+
+44
+00:03:10,880 --> 00:03:14,020
+reflects. So Dr. Akram said that he will continue
+
+45
+00:03:14,020 --> 00:03:17,520
+the whole poem in more details next lecture. So I
+
+46
+00:03:17,520 --> 00:03:19,980
+didn't forget to write my report. Okay, thank you
+
+47
+00:03:19,980 --> 00:03:26,720
+very much. In fact, last time Ms. Ahlan conducted
+
+48
+00:03:26,720 --> 00:03:32,580
+what is called deconstruction
+
+49
+00:03:32,580 --> 00:03:36,280
+or deconstructive analysis. She used a theory
+
+50
+00:03:36,280 --> 00:03:40,280
+called the theory of deconstruction. She was
+
+51
+00:03:40,280 --> 00:03:42,660
+looking about the binaries, like the opposites,
+
+52
+00:03:43,320 --> 00:03:48,160
+like the mild and the violent. you know, the
+
+53
+00:03:48,160 --> 00:03:52,680
+strong and the weak, the mighty and the
+
+54
+00:03:52,680 --> 00:03:55,700
+vulnerable, you know, the sublime and the
+
+55
+00:03:55,700 --> 00:03:59,980
+beautiful. So it was a good insight into the poem.
+
+56
+00:04:00,340 --> 00:04:04,000
+And I think it was appropriate because it was
+
+57
+00:04:04,000 --> 00:04:07,610
+suitable for, I mean, the philosophy of Blake
+
+58
+00:04:07,610 --> 00:04:12,210
+himself, because Blake didn't see life in black
+
+59
+00:04:12,210 --> 00:04:15,790
+and white. He saw it like he didn't see them like
+
+60
+00:04:15,790 --> 00:04:21,650
+contrasting, but he saw them complementary. And in
+
+61
+00:04:21,650 --> 00:04:27,050
+the marriage between earth and heaven, like he saw
+
+62
+00:04:27,050 --> 00:04:29,830
+evil and good going side by side.
+
+63
+00:04:32,480 --> 00:04:35,740
+Today we're going to have another look. And most
+
+64
+00:04:35,740 --> 00:04:38,480
+of the critics, when they want, because this poem
+
+65
+00:04:38,480 --> 00:04:42,720
+is symbolic. It is full of rhetorical questions.
+
+66
+00:04:46,180 --> 00:04:48,880
+What immortal hand? What the hand? What the
+
+67
+00:04:48,880 --> 00:04:53,080
+shoulders? What is the place? So all, you know,
+
+68
+00:04:53,260 --> 00:04:57,420
+the questions were concentrated on
+
+69
+00:04:59,090 --> 00:05:03,330
+like the act of making, the act of creating, the
+
+70
+00:05:03,330 --> 00:05:08,510
+act of forming. And that act involved two things.
+
+71
+00:05:08,830 --> 00:05:13,410
+It involved power, physical power, that involved
+
+72
+00:05:13,410 --> 00:05:18,990
+also an eye, an artistic skill. So because he was
+
+73
+00:05:18,990 --> 00:05:24,310
+asking about what the art, what the eye. In fact,
+
+74
+00:05:24,810 --> 00:05:29,000
+the poem became a little bit confusing As I said,
+
+75
+00:05:30,120 --> 00:05:34,180
+some critics said it was about the Industrial
+
+76
+00:05:34,180 --> 00:05:37,480
+Revolution. Other critics said it was about the
+
+77
+00:05:37,480 --> 00:05:40,760
+French Revolution or the American Revolution
+
+78
+00:05:40,760 --> 00:05:45,000
+because it was the age of revolutions. Other
+
+79
+00:05:45,000 --> 00:05:52,370
+thought that it was a poetic It was a revolution
+
+80
+00:05:52,370 --> 00:06:00,070
+against the rules and the poetic restrictions of
+
+81
+00:06:00,070 --> 00:06:04,550
+the Neoclassical. So in both, in all these cases,
+
+82
+00:06:04,670 --> 00:06:09,410
+we find that it is about revolution. Now I want to
+
+83
+00:06:09,410 --> 00:06:12,930
+start, because we are supposed to debate, And I
+
+84
+00:06:12,930 --> 00:06:15,050
+was going to take the side of revolution, so I
+
+85
+00:06:15,050 --> 00:06:20,410
+prepared some videos to show you how England was
+
+86
+00:06:20,410 --> 00:06:24,830
+like during the
+
+87
+00:06:24,830 --> 00:06:30,730
+Industrial Revolution. How the life, you know, of
+
+88
+00:06:30,730 --> 00:06:36,170
+the countryside, how it changed, how everything
+
+89
+00:06:36,170 --> 00:06:41,690
+was transformed. And how the countryside lost its
+
+90
+00:06:41,690 --> 00:06:49,150
+purity because of mechanization, how the social
+
+91
+00:06:49,150 --> 00:06:56,070
+arena was transformed. So it had its dire
+
+92
+00:06:56,070 --> 00:07:00,350
+consequences. And even the farms were enclosed
+
+93
+00:07:00,350 --> 00:07:07,910
+because everything was was important in terms of
+
+94
+00:07:07,910 --> 00:07:13,350
+materialism. So the farms, the landscape lost its
+
+95
+00:07:13,350 --> 00:07:17,030
+vast nature because it was open. Now it is
+
+96
+00:07:17,030 --> 00:07:20,510
+partitioned because they were interested in
+
+97
+00:07:20,510 --> 00:07:25,910
+grazing animals and raising profits. So the
+
+98
+00:07:25,910 --> 00:07:31,630
+countryside lost its beauty. And, you know,
+
+99
+00:07:31,790 --> 00:07:35,670
+mechanization was there. So let's see some videos
+
+100
+00:07:35,670 --> 00:07:40,790
+and hopefully you see how was England like.
+
+101
+00:08:23,980 --> 00:08:41,560
+This is how the
+
+102
+00:08:41,560 --> 00:08:43,200
+English countryside transformed.
+
+103
+00:08:50,400 --> 00:08:53,080
+of animals in a distant realm of church bells bore
+
+104
+00:08:53,080 --> 00:08:57,200
+the stories of romance here. Yemen was a land of
+
+105
+00:08:57,200 --> 00:09:01,260
+great social inequality. A handful of aristocrats
+
+106
+00:09:01,260 --> 00:09:05,620
+and rulers possessed by right of birth nearly all
+
+107
+00:09:05,620 --> 00:09:08,380
+of the incredible wealth it yielded. They built
+
+108
+00:09:08,380 --> 00:09:11,520
+magnificent palaces for themselves and filled them
+
+109
+00:09:11,520 --> 00:09:15,000
+with treasure. Down in a group of slower classes,
+
+110
+00:09:15,540 --> 00:09:18,700
+most of whom owned no land, struggled to survive.
+
+111
+00:09:22,910 --> 00:09:24,990
+These poor people sometimes faced severe
+
+112
+00:09:24,990 --> 00:09:29,570
+malnutrition and even starvation. They usually
+
+113
+00:09:29,570 --> 00:09:34,350
+died young. With this as a background, let us find
+
+114
+00:09:34,350 --> 00:09:37,130
+out what great changes were to occur as a result
+
+115
+00:09:37,130 --> 00:09:38,230
+of industrialization.
+
+116
+00:09:40,770 --> 00:09:43,770
+The first industrial revolution began in England
+
+117
+00:09:43,770 --> 00:09:47,690
+for several reasons. First, she possessed rich
+
+118
+00:09:47,690 --> 00:09:51,530
+deposits of iron and coal, resources essential to
+
+119
+00:09:51,530 --> 00:09:55,390
+industrialization. Second, England had many
+
+120
+00:09:55,390 --> 00:10:00,010
+reliable sources of water power. And third,
+
+121
+00:10:00,430 --> 00:10:02,770
+numerous colonies around the world supplied her
+
+122
+00:10:02,770 --> 00:10:07,330
+with abundant raw materials, like this cotton. And
+
+123
+00:10:07,330 --> 00:10:08,730
+at the same time, it provided
+
+124
+00:10:17,020 --> 00:10:22,360
+Okay. So as you see, just I want to show you how
+
+125
+00:10:22,360 --> 00:10:26,240
+England was. As you see, industrial revolution was
+
+126
+00:10:26,240 --> 00:10:30,320
+indispensable. Industrial revolution was there
+
+127
+00:10:30,320 --> 00:10:34,080
+because of the labor, was the raw material from
+
+128
+00:10:34,080 --> 00:10:38,240
+the colonies, mainly America. So they started to
+
+129
+00:10:38,240 --> 00:10:44,260
+industrialize or to invent machines and those
+
+130
+00:10:44,260 --> 00:10:47,640
+machines, and necessary for industry, changed the
+
+131
+00:10:47,640 --> 00:10:50,460
+face, the social arena, the political arena,
+
+132
+00:10:50,560 --> 00:10:57,000
+everything. And England became like a plant or a
+
+133
+00:10:57,000 --> 00:11:02,320
+factory producing, working for the world. And with
+
+134
+00:11:02,320 --> 00:11:05,860
+these emergent values, like the countryside lost
+
+135
+00:11:05,860 --> 00:11:11,610
+its purity, you know, and it was seen like a
+
+136
+00:11:11,610 --> 00:11:14,130
+monster because, you know, machine replaced man,
+
+137
+00:11:14,270 --> 00:11:17,510
+children were abused, women were abused, like,
+
+138
+00:11:17,590 --> 00:11:21,610
+because they were working in factories, even like,
+
+139
+00:11:21,670 --> 00:11:26,530
+you know, slums, dirty slums were created, and a
+
+140
+00:11:26,530 --> 00:11:30,870
+lot of crimes even happened. So Blake wrote that
+
+141
+00:11:30,870 --> 00:11:35,150
+poem, and some critics thought it was about the
+
+142
+00:11:35,150 --> 00:11:38,510
+Industrial Revolution. Others, as I said, thought
+
+143
+00:11:38,510 --> 00:11:42,610
+it was about the
+
+144
+00:11:42,610 --> 00:11:46,530
+creation of poetry. So we are going to have the
+
+145
+00:11:46,530 --> 00:11:50,330
+poem in front of us and now to debate whether it
+
+146
+00:11:50,330 --> 00:11:54,670
+is about industrial revolution and whether about
+
+147
+00:11:54,670 --> 00:12:00,670
+like poetic imagination. So let's see quickly who
+
+148
+00:12:00,670 --> 00:12:02,490
+wants to be, like Amal, do you want to be on this
+
+149
+00:12:02,490 --> 00:12:08,710
+side? This is the industrial revolution. Okay,
+
+150
+00:12:08,710 --> 00:12:12,530
+Hidayat, do you want to be in this side? I can
+
+151
+00:12:12,530 --> 00:12:17,910
+help both. Yes, I encourage more students. What do
+
+152
+00:12:17,910 --> 00:12:21,470
+you want, which side? The industrial. Okay, the
+
+153
+00:12:21,470 --> 00:12:26,130
+industrial, you come here. Poetry. Poetry, you
+
+154
+00:12:26,130 --> 00:12:29,370
+come here. So have some chairs.
+
+155
+00:12:46,170 --> 00:12:50,350
+Okay, yes. Who will join these people?
+
+156
+00:12:52,970 --> 00:12:59,210
+Yes. Why are you scared? I'm going to help. Both.
+
+157
+00:13:00,870 --> 00:13:05,070
+Okay. Who wants to come to this side? What is it
+
+158
+00:13:05,070 --> 00:13:11,650
+about? It is about poetic creation? Okay, what do
+
+159
+00:13:11,650 --> 00:13:13,830
+you think? Let's start.
+
+160
+00:13:20,460 --> 00:13:23,280
+If you want, like, I'm going to help both of you.
+
+161
+00:13:23,400 --> 00:13:27,480
+Like here, if you look at the word frame, frame
+
+162
+00:13:27,480 --> 00:13:33,020
+has to do with what? Frame, to shape, to design.
+
+163
+00:13:34,420 --> 00:13:40,400
+Make has to do with what? Create. Okay. If you
+
+164
+00:13:40,400 --> 00:13:43,880
+want to look at art, okay, the word art would
+
+165
+00:13:43,880 --> 00:13:46,700
+support, you know, those who think it is about
+
+166
+00:13:46,700 --> 00:13:51,590
+art. But the word chain and the word horror, the
+
+167
+00:13:51,590 --> 00:13:56,170
+word hammer would support the Industrial
+
+168
+00:13:56,170 --> 00:14:00,950
+Revolution. So you have a lot of evidence in the
+
+169
+00:14:00,950 --> 00:14:06,950
+poem to support either side. So let's start by
+
+170
+00:14:06,950 --> 00:14:13,980
+this group. What do you think? First of all, first
+
+171
+00:14:13,980 --> 00:14:16,920
+time I read the poem, I thought like it was about
+
+172
+00:14:16,920 --> 00:14:20,980
+like two contradictory things, like evil and good.
+
+173
+00:14:21,340 --> 00:14:25,040
+And this, like always we have in a human soul. And
+
+174
+00:14:25,040 --> 00:14:29,240
+so, and like human were so taken by the industrial
+
+175
+00:14:29,240 --> 00:14:32,480
+revolution. And so there was like the evil part of
+
+176
+00:14:32,480 --> 00:14:38,080
+them. So he's like, I think he's saying that the
+
+177
+00:14:38,080 --> 00:14:42,020
+industrial revolution is like, A monster. A
+
+178
+00:14:42,020 --> 00:14:44,720
+monster that's taking over the human soul. Okay,
+
+179
+00:14:45,060 --> 00:14:47,520
+and I do agree with her because, you know, here
+
+180
+00:14:47,520 --> 00:14:51,900
+the tiger is presented to us not like an animal,
+
+181
+00:14:52,220 --> 00:14:56,180
+an ordinary animal, but rather as a monster, you
+
+182
+00:14:56,180 --> 00:15:00,340
+know, frightening the people. What do you want to
+
+183
+00:15:00,340 --> 00:15:07,210
+say? No, I didn't think because Because he means
+
+184
+00:15:07,210 --> 00:15:13,130
+the positive things and sides in what you said.
+
+185
+00:15:13,690 --> 00:15:16,750
+For example, burning bright. I think it is
+
+186
+00:15:16,750 --> 00:15:21,250
+something attractive. Excellent, yes. And fearful
+
+187
+00:15:21,250 --> 00:15:21,790
+symmetry.
+
+188
+00:15:24,390 --> 00:15:24,970
+Okay,
+
+189
+00:15:35,730 --> 00:15:38,170
+I do agree with her, like it's very interesting
+
+190
+00:15:38,170 --> 00:15:41,110
+because here In fact, it was yesterday that I
+
+191
+00:15:41,110 --> 00:15:45,410
+realized we have another oxymoron here. Because
+
+192
+00:15:45,410 --> 00:15:48,870
+burning bright, burning, it is something negative.
+
+193
+00:15:49,250 --> 00:15:52,530
+But bright, bright, it means something positive.
+
+194
+00:15:52,930 --> 00:15:55,190
+So when we are talking about something bright,
+
+195
+00:15:55,370 --> 00:15:58,870
+something dissipating the darkness, because if we
+
+196
+00:15:58,870 --> 00:16:03,010
+have the first of the night, which is darkness and
+
+197
+00:16:03,010 --> 00:16:12,580
+bright, then it is positive. Symmetry. So poetry
+
+198
+00:16:12,580 --> 00:16:17,100
+is an act of symmetry, isn't it? This is what you
+
+199
+00:16:17,100 --> 00:16:21,560
+want to say. And poetry, because poetry, you know,
+
+200
+00:16:21,600 --> 00:16:25,460
+sometimes, look, some revolutions were supported
+
+201
+00:16:25,460 --> 00:16:29,100
+by poetry. I think, you know, the Egyptian
+
+202
+00:16:29,100 --> 00:16:30,820
+Revolution, if you remember, like they were
+
+203
+00:16:30,820 --> 00:16:33,760
+sitting in Tahrir Square and they were chanting,
+
+204
+00:16:33,960 --> 00:16:37,880
+you know, poetic things. And those poetic, you
+
+205
+00:16:37,880 --> 00:16:42,260
+know, lines gave power to the revolution. So
+
+206
+00:16:42,260 --> 00:16:47,360
+nobody can ignore the power of poetry in inciting
+
+207
+00:16:47,360 --> 00:16:51,500
+people. provoking people, giving them this
+
+208
+00:16:51,500 --> 00:16:56,260
+momentum. So it is seen by Blake here, the poetry,
+
+209
+00:16:56,420 --> 00:17:00,060
+the power of poetry is like the power of this
+
+210
+00:17:00,060 --> 00:17:02,080
+light, which is burning in the forest of the
+
+211
+00:17:02,080 --> 00:17:05,560
+night. So here, if you want, and this is, I think
+
+212
+00:17:05,560 --> 00:17:08,420
+she's talking about the darkness. Darkness is
+
+213
+00:17:08,420 --> 00:17:11,880
+associated with political injustice, with
+
+214
+00:17:11,880 --> 00:17:17,690
+political despotism. And poetry, you know,
+
+215
+00:17:18,250 --> 00:17:22,210
+imagination, the poetic revolution, or the power
+
+216
+00:17:22,210 --> 00:17:27,230
+of poetry can be a protest against this. Can it
+
+217
+00:17:27,230 --> 00:17:30,650
+change? Because poetry has this power to change.
+
+218
+00:17:31,490 --> 00:17:37,330
+Okay? I want to say about Marilyn Monroe.like the
+
+219
+00:17:37,330 --> 00:17:41,070
+idea of fuel like burning fuel to get energy and
+
+220
+00:17:41,070 --> 00:17:44,410
+to machines and so they design new things like the
+
+221
+00:17:44,410 --> 00:17:48,960
+cement fearful symmetry, like design something
+
+222
+00:17:48,960 --> 00:17:51,880
+beautiful. And like the, of night, like they
+
+223
+00:17:51,880 --> 00:17:54,760
+working unstoppable. Like they always work, work.
+
+224
+00:17:55,080 --> 00:17:57,860
+So it's like the idea of industrial revolution.
+
+225
+00:17:57,980 --> 00:18:00,100
+Yeah, she began by saying that the tiger stands
+
+226
+00:18:00,100 --> 00:18:02,800
+for evil, the making of evil. So we can say that
+
+227
+00:18:02,800 --> 00:18:06,980
+the tiger could stand for the machines as being
+
+228
+00:18:06,980 --> 00:18:09,920
+the evil thing. And the burning is the burning of
+
+229
+00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:12,120
+the machines and stuff like that. So, but why are
+
+230
+00:18:12,120 --> 00:18:15,380
+the machines like evil? Like the question is why?
+
+231
+00:18:15,790 --> 00:18:19,450
+Ah, they replaced people. Okay. Do you have any
+
+232
+00:18:19,450 --> 00:18:21,970
+evidence like in the poem which shows that the
+
+233
+00:18:21,970 --> 00:18:26,210
+poet was complaining that this is evil? Evil
+
+234
+00:18:26,210 --> 00:18:28,730
+creature? This is evil creature?
+
+235
+00:18:31,730 --> 00:18:34,510
+Okay. Do you have any evidence like this? Of
+
+236
+00:18:34,510 --> 00:18:39,990
+course, the words like fearful and who used to be
+
+237
+00:18:39,990 --> 00:18:41,390
+night? Night?
+
+238
+00:18:44,240 --> 00:18:47,080
+So they think, you know, light is good, it's a
+
+239
+00:18:47,080 --> 00:18:49,500
+place for romanticism. It's like the word
+
+240
+00:18:49,500 --> 00:18:52,340
+immortal, supernatural power, it's something that
+
+241
+00:18:52,340 --> 00:18:55,260
+makes you fear or scared.
+
+242
+00:19:02,960 --> 00:19:08,060
+Yes, go ahead. No, I think the tiger here, okay it
+
+243
+00:19:08,060 --> 00:19:13,120
+is fearful because it is when anything new appear
+
+244
+00:19:13,120 --> 00:19:16,140
+for people, they will be scared and fear and avoid
+
+245
+00:19:16,140 --> 00:19:21,060
+it. But when they come close to it and analyze it
+
+246
+00:19:21,060 --> 00:19:24,960
+and deal with it, they will be familiar and love
+
+247
+00:19:24,960 --> 00:19:30,160
+it. Like there, his poet and his style of writing
+
+248
+00:19:30,160 --> 00:19:35,680
+is new, So, like, people is dependent and familiar
+
+249
+00:19:35,680 --> 00:19:39,120
+with other parts of style of writing, but when
+
+250
+00:19:39,120 --> 00:19:42,140
+they become close and know what is this writing
+
+251
+00:19:42,140 --> 00:19:46,160
+about, they will love it and will be... So, they
+
+252
+00:19:46,160 --> 00:19:48,820
+can change their mind? Yes, yes. And you think
+
+253
+00:19:48,820 --> 00:19:52,480
+this is like, you know, similar to this symmetry
+
+254
+00:19:52,480 --> 00:19:56,910
+and like, you know? Yes. And he also... It's kind
+
+255
+00:19:56,910 --> 00:20:02,390
+of a tiger, his shoulder, his eyes. I think it's a
+
+256
+00:20:02,390 --> 00:20:08,130
+responsible thing or something you know. So with
+
+257
+00:20:08,130 --> 00:20:11,190
+the creation, you mean? Yes. Yes? What do you want
+
+258
+00:20:11,190 --> 00:20:16,410
+to say? This poem, I think, is about two themes,
+
+259
+00:20:16,550 --> 00:20:20,770
+nature and the industrial revolution. Nature is...
+
+260
+00:20:20,770 --> 00:20:23,130
+So you are betraying, like, you're helping them,
+
+261
+00:20:23,270 --> 00:20:25,230
+you know? No, I'm not helping them, but it is
+
+262
+00:20:25,230 --> 00:20:27,950
+obvious. I mean, it is used... You can come here.
+
+263
+00:20:29,070 --> 00:20:33,170
+Okay, who can replace her? No, I'm an objective.
+
+264
+00:20:33,550 --> 00:20:39,250
+Okay. Okay. Now it is it is logical that William
+
+265
+00:20:39,250 --> 00:20:43,130
+Blake was born in the first on the beginning in
+
+266
+00:20:43,130 --> 00:20:46,110
+the beginnings of the industrial revolution. So it
+
+267
+00:20:46,110 --> 00:20:48,970
+was the theme of their lives. I mean, ordinary
+
+268
+00:20:48,970 --> 00:20:51,330
+people in their daily speeches, they were talking
+
+269
+00:20:51,330 --> 00:20:54,490
+about this revolution. So it was he was motivated
+
+270
+00:20:54,490 --> 00:20:59,890
+by this theme, but As a romantic poet, he chose a
+
+271
+00:20:59,890 --> 00:21:02,470
+figure of nature, the tiger. The tiger is a very
+
+272
+00:21:02,470 --> 00:21:07,310
+beautiful animal. He tried to explain to clear the
+
+273
+00:21:07,310 --> 00:21:12,230
+idea about him and taking it as a symbol of this
+
+274
+00:21:12,230 --> 00:21:18,070
+industrial revolution. Blake wasn't trying to
+
+275
+00:21:18,070 --> 00:21:23,730
+express something instantly about this industry,
+
+276
+00:21:24,230 --> 00:21:31,710
+but he was I guess dealing with this tiger issue,
+
+277
+00:21:32,430 --> 00:21:38,970
+but being affected by this revolution. You cannot
+
+278
+00:21:38,970 --> 00:21:42,950
+make up your mind. I think if you look at the
+
+279
+00:21:42,950 --> 00:21:46,740
+poet, or if you look at all the questions, They
+
+280
+00:21:46,740 --> 00:21:51,480
+were about the process of creation. He asked about
+
+281
+00:21:51,480 --> 00:21:54,280
+the hand, the shoulder, so it was about the
+
+282
+00:21:54,280 --> 00:21:58,120
+creation. Now the question is, does the creation
+
+283
+00:21:58,120 --> 00:22:01,460
+of poetry require this effort?
+
+284
+00:22:06,910 --> 00:22:08,190
+It's spontaneous.
+
+285
+00:22:10,590 --> 00:22:14,050
+And the assumption is like poetry, you know, just
+
+286
+00:22:14,050 --> 00:22:17,490
+like poets write poetry without feeling the pain
+
+287
+00:22:17,490 --> 00:22:21,750
+and the experience. What do you want to say? Okay.
+
+288
+00:22:22,730 --> 00:22:25,230
+I mean, why would you say effort? Yeah, but like-
+
+289
+00:22:25,230 --> 00:22:27,570
+Why would you say effort? Because, you know, they
+
+290
+00:22:27,570 --> 00:22:31,450
+need to- I don't see effort being blamed here,
+
+291
+00:22:31,530 --> 00:22:35,410
+because he's being, he has been spontaneous, he
+
+292
+00:22:35,410 --> 00:22:38,330
+has been just himself, he's a real poet. But like,
+
+293
+00:22:38,390 --> 00:22:43,570
+I think, you know, we are not honest to our, you
+
+294
+00:22:43,570 --> 00:22:48,070
+know, honest to words worth definition of poetry,
+
+295
+00:22:48,090 --> 00:22:51,760
+when he said poetry is a spontaneous overflow, of
+
+296
+00:22:51,760 --> 00:22:56,700
+powerful feelings recollected in tranquility. And
+
+297
+00:22:56,700 --> 00:22:59,560
+here, when you say recollected in tranquility, it
+
+298
+00:22:59,560 --> 00:23:02,980
+means like the writing of poetry needs hard work.
+
+299
+00:23:03,640 --> 00:23:06,720
+It's not easy. You keep changing. It is
+
+300
+00:23:06,720 --> 00:23:09,300
+spontaneous. But what is spontaneous? It is not
+
+301
+00:23:09,300 --> 00:23:13,080
+the act of writing poetry. It is not the act of
+
+302
+00:23:13,080 --> 00:23:15,380
+saying poetry. It is the feeling which is
+
+303
+00:23:15,380 --> 00:23:21,180
+spontaneous. So I think, you know, poetry involves
+
+304
+00:23:21,180 --> 00:23:25,960
+craftsmanship. And sometimes poets suffer, fret,
+
+305
+00:23:26,320 --> 00:23:29,440
+in order to, you know, produce this poem. It is
+
+306
+00:23:29,440 --> 00:23:34,720
+not easy. Anyone can express his emotion, but not
+
+307
+00:23:34,720 --> 00:23:37,040
+in a poetic way. Yeah, not in a poetic way,
+
+308
+00:23:37,120 --> 00:23:39,540
+because, you know, if you want to be a poet, you
+
+309
+00:23:39,540 --> 00:23:46,290
+need like to fret more and more. Okay, yes. It
+
+310
+00:23:46,290 --> 00:23:49,470
+seems like the students are unprepared today, you
+
+311
+00:23:49,470 --> 00:23:53,310
+know. It is because you are having exam. But let
+
+312
+00:23:53,310 --> 00:23:58,690
+me, when he complains, like, what red hand, what
+
+313
+00:23:58,690 --> 00:24:03,890
+red feet? Like, when their heart began here.
+
+314
+00:24:07,610 --> 00:24:09,050
+Like, when he said,
+
+315
+00:24:12,040 --> 00:24:15,640
+When the stars know what shoulder, yes. And when
+
+316
+00:24:15,640 --> 00:24:19,260
+their heart began to beat, what red hand, what red
+
+317
+00:24:19,260 --> 00:24:22,840
+feet? Do you think, you know here, this
+
+318
+00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:26,900
+questioning involves any fascination? Like fearful
+
+319
+00:24:26,900 --> 00:24:31,760
+symmetry? Like burning bright? What red hand, what
+
+320
+00:24:31,760 --> 00:24:37,060
+red feet? I think here, he's complaining. What
+
+321
+00:24:37,060 --> 00:24:40,120
+dread hand, dread hand, or dread feet? This is
+
+322
+00:24:40,120 --> 00:24:42,900
+very frightening. This is very scary. Isn't it?
+
+323
+00:24:44,020 --> 00:24:48,000
+Yeah, but no, I think, you know, questioning here,
+
+324
+00:24:48,420 --> 00:24:51,420
+what dread hand, what dread feet? Like he's, you
+
+325
+00:24:51,420 --> 00:24:57,780
+know, I mean, the tiger is seen as a monster here.
+
+326
+00:24:58,280 --> 00:25:03,510
+It is like a mythological creature. You see? It is
+
+327
+00:25:03,510 --> 00:25:07,270
+not like any animal. Wadded hand, wadded feet. So
+
+328
+00:25:07,270 --> 00:25:10,230
+I think, you know, this shows a complaint that it
+
+329
+00:25:10,230 --> 00:25:13,710
+was about industrial revolution. And look here,
+
+330
+00:25:14,310 --> 00:25:17,910
+the hole, the hammer, the furnace. It is like a
+
+331
+00:25:17,910 --> 00:25:23,580
+goldsmith. I'm sorry, I'm not helping you. No, I
+
+332
+00:25:23,580 --> 00:25:28,280
+want to say that yes, it is about industrial
+
+333
+00:25:28,280 --> 00:25:30,180
+revolution. It's the time of industrial
+
+334
+00:25:30,180 --> 00:25:34,520
+revolution, but because he wants to make a poetic
+
+335
+00:25:34,520 --> 00:25:37,740
+revolution, he cannot say it is directly. So he
+
+336
+00:25:37,740 --> 00:25:41,980
+wants to use this means in a very symbolic way.
+
+337
+00:25:42,150 --> 00:25:45,630
+Even if he speaks about the industrial revolution,
+
+338
+00:25:45,950 --> 00:25:54,970
+he wants to convey something other. So I think you
+
+339
+00:25:54,970 --> 00:25:57,410
+know what you might think also because this is an
+
+340
+00:25:57,410 --> 00:26:00,290
+open debate in fact. I'm not going to close it
+
+341
+00:26:00,290 --> 00:26:03,070
+today. It's an open debate. I want you to think
+
+342
+00:26:04,130 --> 00:26:06,410
+further about this. Is it about poetic
+
+343
+00:26:06,410 --> 00:26:09,790
+imagination? Or is it about industrial revolution?
+
+344
+00:26:10,130 --> 00:26:13,830
+And this is what I want you to research. So I want
+
+345
+00:26:13,830 --> 00:26:18,770
+to close this debate. It is part of an assignment
+
+346
+00:26:18,770 --> 00:26:20,950
+I'm giving you, and we'll talk about this
+
+347
+00:26:20,950 --> 00:26:25,330
+assignment later. It might be a supplement to your
+
+348
+00:26:25,330 --> 00:26:28,850
+midterm exam, which I'm going to give you in a
+
+349
+00:26:28,850 --> 00:26:33,080
+minute. So I would like to thank both teams for
+
+350
+00:26:33,080 --> 00:26:37,320
+sharing with me and we'll see next time we're
+
+351
+00:26:37,320 --> 00:26:39,860
+going like to continue. Thank you very much.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/X-Oi3MDZI8M_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2552 @@
+1
+00:00:13,200 --> 00:00:19,920
+Assalamu alaikum. How are you today? Are you fine?
+
+2
+00:00:24,740 --> 00:00:25,880
+I think
+
+3
+00:00:29,990 --> 00:00:31,650
+May I have your attention please?
+
+4
+00:00:36,510 --> 00:00:38,450
+What are you talking about? It seems like you are
+
+5
+00:00:38,450 --> 00:00:43,130
+having exam today. Okay, so we don't want to be
+
+6
+00:00:43,130 --> 00:00:48,070
+very long today. Today's class is going to be like
+
+7
+00:00:48,070 --> 00:00:52,710
+this. As usual, we're going to listen to a couple
+
+8
+00:00:52,710 --> 00:00:56,470
+of reports. Then I'm going to ask you about your
+
+9
+00:00:56,470 --> 00:00:59,740
+response to the poem, The Daffodils. And today we
+
+10
+00:00:59,740 --> 00:01:03,480
+have some change. We have a student who's going to
+
+11
+00:01:03,480 --> 00:01:09,900
+present the daffodils. I might interfere. I'm not
+
+12
+00:01:09,900 --> 00:01:14,800
+sure. It is, you know, up to her. Do you want me
+
+13
+00:01:14,800 --> 00:01:19,060
+to comment? Okay. I don't want to confuse you. But
+
+14
+00:01:19,060 --> 00:01:22,580
+if I find difficult to, you know, interfere today,
+
+15
+00:01:22,720 --> 00:01:26,540
+I might like in a follow-up class give my own
+
+16
+00:01:26,540 --> 00:01:31,550
+class, okay? So this is what we are going to do
+
+17
+00:01:31,550 --> 00:01:38,110
+today. Let's see, you know, who's going to report.
+
+18
+00:01:40,770 --> 00:01:45,890
+Yes, please. The lady there. Yes. Can you come and
+
+19
+00:01:45,890 --> 00:01:46,510
+report here?
+
+20
+00:01:54,730 --> 00:01:56,730
+This is the first time you come here? Just come
+
+21
+00:01:56,730 --> 00:02:01,160
+here, okay. Say good morning. Good morning. It's
+
+22
+00:02:01,160 --> 00:02:04,300
+Monday, nine o'clock, when Dr. Habib came to the
+
+23
+00:02:04,300 --> 00:02:07,100
+lecture and began with us the lecture. As usual,
+
+24
+00:02:07,280 --> 00:02:10,140
+we began with two reports. Then Dr. Habib began
+
+25
+00:02:10,140 --> 00:02:14,260
+the new born residuals with a single explanation
+
+26
+00:02:14,260 --> 00:02:20,700
+about romanticism, and he let Ms. Ahlam complete
+
+27
+00:02:20,700 --> 00:02:23,740
+the explanation about this movement of
+
+28
+00:02:23,740 --> 00:02:29,390
+romanticism. At that time, she told us about
+
+29
+00:02:29,390 --> 00:02:32,970
+William, the poet, and his relationship between
+
+30
+00:02:32,970 --> 00:02:36,890
+him and nature, and how he was in love with
+
+31
+00:02:36,890 --> 00:02:39,910
+nature. Next lecture, we will continue on this
+
+32
+00:02:39,910 --> 00:02:42,970
+one. By the way, Ms. Ahlam came to the advanced
+
+33
+00:02:42,970 --> 00:02:48,110
+writing lecture and attended with us, and all of
+
+34
+00:02:48,110 --> 00:02:51,250
+the girls were happy for that surprise. Yes, okay,
+
+35
+00:02:51,390 --> 00:02:56,170
+thank you very much. Still there is a place for a
+
+36
+00:02:56,170 --> 00:03:02,310
+space for another report. Today I'm like choosing,
+
+37
+00:03:02,650 --> 00:03:06,630
+you know. Yes, you.
+
+38
+00:03:21,940 --> 00:03:25,560
+Good morning. Dr. Akram come at nine o'clock. He
+
+39
+00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:28,420
+began the lecture as usual. He chose some students
+
+40
+00:03:28,420 --> 00:03:31,000
+to read their report, and he began the
+
+41
+00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:33,700
+explanation. He introduced the new born, which is
+
+42
+00:03:33,700 --> 00:03:37,020
+daffodil. Mrs. Ahlam will share, Dr. Habib, in his
+
+43
+00:03:37,020 --> 00:03:40,500
+explanation. She began the lecture. She welcomed
+
+44
+00:03:40,500 --> 00:03:43,920
+the student. Then she began the explanation by
+
+45
+00:03:43,920 --> 00:03:46,860
+introducing what is potry. By introducing what is
+
+46
+00:03:46,860 --> 00:03:51,190
+potry. Then, yes, who is the poet? And then it
+
+47
+00:03:51,190 --> 00:03:54,510
+began to explanation the definition of the
+
+48
+00:03:54,510 --> 00:04:00,510
+romanticism and the elements of romantic period.
+
+49
+00:04:01,010 --> 00:04:04,330
+Finally, I liked Mrs. Ahlam way in presenting this
+
+50
+00:04:04,330 --> 00:04:07,590
+information in a simple way. Very good. So thank
+
+51
+00:04:07,590 --> 00:04:11,670
+you very much. Yes, last time we had a wonderful
+
+52
+00:04:11,670 --> 00:04:16,450
+introduction about you know, romanticism. And it
+
+53
+00:04:16,450 --> 00:04:20,130
+was like completing the image we started in
+
+54
+00:04:20,130 --> 00:04:25,630
+William Blake. Today, I think, you know, Like with
+
+55
+00:04:25,630 --> 00:04:27,730
+the daffodils, we might have a better
+
+56
+00:04:27,730 --> 00:04:31,490
+understanding of the abstract things like, because
+
+57
+00:04:31,490 --> 00:04:34,530
+last time, we talked about abstract things, you
+
+58
+00:04:34,530 --> 00:04:37,390
+know, like the relation between man and nature,
+
+59
+00:04:38,030 --> 00:04:40,330
+you know, poetry, the spontaneous overflow,
+
+60
+00:04:40,570 --> 00:04:44,110
+powerful feelings. You know, we talk about that in
+
+61
+00:04:44,110 --> 00:04:46,710
+a very abstract way. So today, we are going to see
+
+62
+00:04:46,710 --> 00:04:50,590
+this hopefully in the poem. But before we start,
+
+63
+00:04:50,690 --> 00:04:54,170
+like the poem, looking at the poem, I want like,
+
+64
+00:04:54,880 --> 00:04:57,240
+you to tell me, what do you think of the poem? Who
+
+65
+00:04:57,240 --> 00:05:02,980
+wrote a response to the poem? Yes, please. Just
+
+66
+00:05:02,980 --> 00:05:05,380
+this is a written response, then I'll ask, I'll be
+
+67
+00:05:05,380 --> 00:05:08,560
+asking, you know, you about your oral response.
+
+68
+00:05:10,110 --> 00:05:12,690
+How are you? Good morning, everybody. The Devils
+
+69
+00:05:12,690 --> 00:05:17,710
+is one of the most famous poems written by William
+
+70
+00:05:17,710 --> 00:05:22,010
+Wordsworth, who is a major English romantic poet
+
+71
+00:05:22,010 --> 00:05:24,370
+and helped to launch the Romantic Age in English
+
+72
+00:05:24,370 --> 00:05:27,050
+literature. The Devils, how beautiful the title
+
+73
+00:05:27,050 --> 00:05:30,430
+is. Everyone will like the poem because it is
+
+74
+00:05:30,430 --> 00:05:33,610
+written brilliantly and it really paints a picture
+
+75
+00:05:33,610 --> 00:05:36,790
+in the reader's mind. Also, it's easy to read, and
+
+76
+00:05:36,790 --> 00:05:39,870
+some people might even consider it relaxing. The
+
+77
+00:05:39,870 --> 00:05:41,790
+poem clearly describes the appearance of the
+
+78
+00:05:41,790 --> 00:05:46,010
+daffodils and that what's worth encountered in a
+
+79
+00:05:46,010 --> 00:05:49,990
+stormy day when he walking by his water in England
+
+80
+00:05:49,990 --> 00:05:52,770
+and especially focusing on the way that the
+
+81
+00:05:52,770 --> 00:05:56,110
+daffodils look, dancing, and if they are in a
+
+82
+00:05:56,110 --> 00:05:58,510
+breeze day. The poem reflects the inherent
+
+83
+00:05:58,510 --> 00:06:01,150
+connection between the man and the nature, which
+
+84
+00:06:01,150 --> 00:06:04,640
+is so commonly found in William's poetry. The
+
+85
+00:06:04,640 --> 00:06:06,760
+video discloses the relationship between nature
+
+86
+00:06:06,760 --> 00:06:09,400
+and human beings, how nature can affect one
+
+87
+00:06:09,400 --> 00:06:13,100
+emotion and behavior with its emotion and sound.
+
+88
+00:06:13,400 --> 00:06:15,680
+From the very beginning, the speaker
+
+89
+00:06:15,680 --> 00:06:17,780
+metaphorically compares himself to the cloud,
+
+90
+00:06:18,240 --> 00:06:21,000
+creating a sense of isolation from the rest of the
+
+91
+00:06:21,000 --> 00:06:26,890
+world. He compares between the lonesome feeling of
+
+92
+00:06:26,890 --> 00:06:30,650
+the speaker with his happy memories or even
+
+93
+00:06:30,650 --> 00:06:33,950
+experiences with nature. This shows that looking
+
+94
+00:06:33,950 --> 00:06:36,110
+at the daffodils makes the speaker feel better.
+
+95
+00:06:36,550 --> 00:06:39,050
+This is indicated by the last line of the poem.
+
+96
+00:06:40,000 --> 00:06:42,520
+The theme of the poem might be about enjoining the
+
+97
+00:06:42,520 --> 00:06:44,860
+nature and its elements, or the collection of
+
+98
+00:06:44,860 --> 00:06:47,600
+human emotions inspired by nature. The poem is
+
+99
+00:06:47,600 --> 00:06:52,040
+rich of the visual images that used to convey his
+
+100
+00:06:52,040 --> 00:06:54,920
+appreciation of nature. Talking about figurative
+
+101
+00:06:54,920 --> 00:06:57,800
+speech, the poem is full of the similes, the
+
+102
+00:06:57,800 --> 00:07:01,700
+metaphors, and persification. And it also consists
+
+103
+00:07:01,700 --> 00:07:04,710
+of four stanzas which have got six lines. Okay,
+
+104
+00:07:04,770 --> 00:07:07,090
+thank you. This is very advanced response. I like
+
+105
+00:07:07,090 --> 00:07:11,890
+it very much. It's a good response. It seems like
+
+106
+00:07:11,890 --> 00:07:16,490
+she paid or she exerted tremendous efforts in
+
+107
+00:07:16,490 --> 00:07:20,610
+reading the poem and writing her response. Good,
+
+108
+00:07:20,650 --> 00:07:23,250
+what do you think? Do you like the poem? You don't
+
+109
+00:07:23,250 --> 00:07:25,850
+like it? Is it a good poem? What do you think?
+
+110
+00:07:25,930 --> 00:07:30,050
+Yes. Exactly, I like the poem because it talks
+
+111
+00:07:30,050 --> 00:07:30,390
+about
+
+112
+00:07:39,030 --> 00:07:41,250
+about the beauty of nature as a source of
+
+113
+00:07:41,250 --> 00:07:45,730
+inspiration and we find that the poet in the first
+
+114
+00:07:45,730 --> 00:07:50,290
+stanza is having a pessimistic point of view and
+
+115
+00:07:50,290 --> 00:07:53,510
+he suffers from sadness and grief but in the other
+
+116
+00:07:53,510 --> 00:07:58,010
+one or in the other or in the last stanza he has
+
+117
+00:07:58,010 --> 00:08:00,690
+an opposite point of view which is optimistic, he
+
+118
+00:08:00,690 --> 00:08:04,880
+becomes optimistic Yes, so they want to say like
+
+119
+00:08:04,880 --> 00:08:07,420
+there is a movement. He started by being lonely
+
+120
+00:08:07,420 --> 00:08:10,960
+and then he ended by dancing with the daffodils.
+
+121
+00:08:11,700 --> 00:08:16,140
+So it is very important to know what happened and
+
+122
+00:08:16,140 --> 00:08:20,480
+how his mood changed. It's very important. What
+
+123
+00:08:20,480 --> 00:08:23,820
+made his mood change? Was it like because he saw
+
+124
+00:08:23,820 --> 00:08:26,820
+the daffodils and because the daffodils were
+
+125
+00:08:26,820 --> 00:08:29,720
+dancing? Or was it beyond this? Because this is
+
+126
+00:08:29,720 --> 00:08:34,140
+very important. You know, I'm a little bit, you
+
+127
+00:08:34,140 --> 00:08:42,590
+know, I mean, Concerning the pathetic fallacy, I'm
+
+128
+00:08:42,590 --> 00:08:46,070
+a little bit reserved about nature being
+
+129
+00:08:46,070 --> 00:08:48,990
+sympathetic with man, mainly in this poem. It is
+
+130
+00:08:48,990 --> 00:08:52,830
+more than this. We'll discover that it is not a
+
+131
+00:08:52,830 --> 00:08:57,570
+pathetic fallacy. It is not a pathetic fallacy or
+
+132
+00:08:57,570 --> 00:09:02,550
+nature sympathizing with man. It is more than
+
+133
+00:09:02,550 --> 00:09:03,810
+this. Okay?
+
+134
+00:09:09,180 --> 00:09:13,340
+Yes, you were talking. Okay. Yes. Thank you.
+
+135
+00:09:24,880 --> 00:09:30,480
+So you
+
+136
+00:09:30,480 --> 00:09:36,710
+think The inward eye was the most important thing.
+
+137
+00:09:36,950 --> 00:09:45,350
+The inward eye was perhaps the strong visionary
+
+138
+00:09:45,350 --> 00:09:50,350
+tool which made the poet see something different
+
+139
+00:09:50,350 --> 00:09:57,300
+from the common man. Okay, good. What else? Yes,
+
+140
+00:09:57,640 --> 00:10:00,180
+Jahan? As we all know, the daffodils is like a
+
+141
+00:10:00,180 --> 00:10:02,940
+manifestation of the romantic period, because we
+
+142
+00:10:02,940 --> 00:10:06,160
+took Blake, and Blake was sort of like the pre
+
+143
+00:10:06,160 --> 00:10:10,860
+-romantic, and it wasn't kind of like manifested
+
+144
+00:10:10,860 --> 00:10:15,820
+in a very clear way. His speculations in his
+
+145
+00:10:15,820 --> 00:10:19,340
+writings were still a bit vague in terms of being
+
+146
+00:10:19,340 --> 00:10:21,980
+romantic or not. So you want to say like here...
+
+147
+00:10:21,980 --> 00:10:24,500
+With daffodils, we see Wordsworth is actually
+
+148
+00:10:24,800 --> 00:10:27,600
+Drawing the lines and it's actually making it
+
+149
+00:10:27,600 --> 00:10:32,220
+clear for what is romanticism the the the the
+
+150
+00:10:32,810 --> 00:10:36,090
+themes of romanticism, nature, and also poetry,
+
+151
+00:10:36,410 --> 00:10:38,970
+and tranquility, and solitude, and all these
+
+152
+00:10:38,970 --> 00:10:41,230
+things. We can see them very clearly in the
+
+153
+00:10:41,230 --> 00:10:45,390
+Daffodil. Yeah, we can see the characteristics of
+
+154
+00:10:45,390 --> 00:10:51,590
+romanticism very clear in this poem. Not like
+
+155
+00:10:51,590 --> 00:10:55,410
+Blake, they were latent, they were hidden. Here we
+
+156
+00:10:55,410 --> 00:11:00,950
+can see them clearly. Yes? What do you think? They
+
+157
+00:11:00,950 --> 00:11:05,230
+are the ladies at the back? Do you like the poem?
+
+158
+00:11:06,490 --> 00:11:10,810
+Were you happy when you read it? Yes?
+
+159
+00:11:18,250 --> 00:11:26,910
+Has anybody
+
+160
+00:11:26,910 --> 00:11:33,530
+paid attention to the tenses? Like the tense, I
+
+161
+00:11:33,530 --> 00:11:37,630
+wandered alone as a cloud, and then it ended with
+
+162
+00:11:37,630 --> 00:11:41,710
+my heart dances with the daffodils. Has anybody
+
+163
+00:11:41,710 --> 00:11:45,430
+compared, you know, like the first stanza with the
+
+164
+00:11:45,430 --> 00:11:51,530
+last stanza? Have you? Have you? Actually, I think
+
+165
+00:11:51,530 --> 00:11:54,330
+in the first stanza he used the boss tense when he
+
+166
+00:11:54,330 --> 00:11:59,450
+was pessimistic and very sad. But in the last
+
+167
+00:11:59,450 --> 00:12:03,990
+stanza, he begins dancing with the daffodils. That
+
+168
+00:12:03,990 --> 00:12:07,730
+means the beautiful nature, the beauty of nature
+
+169
+00:12:07,730 --> 00:12:13,410
+changed him from the pessimistic mood to the
+
+170
+00:12:13,410 --> 00:12:17,690
+optimistic mood. Okay, I know you are going to
+
+171
+00:12:17,690 --> 00:12:20,470
+answer this. First of all, when he's talking about
+
+172
+00:12:20,470 --> 00:12:24,650
+the past tense, he's talking about his previous
+
+173
+00:12:24,650 --> 00:12:27,950
+experience when he was working beneath the
+
+174
+00:12:27,950 --> 00:12:30,350
+daffodils, beneath the fields of daffodils. Then
+
+175
+00:12:30,350 --> 00:12:33,870
+after that, when he's talking with the present
+
+176
+00:12:33,870 --> 00:12:38,090
+tense, he's talking about his recollecting of that
+
+177
+00:12:38,090 --> 00:12:41,250
+experience while he was writing his poem. So that
+
+178
+00:12:41,250 --> 00:12:44,980
+suits the tenses in the poem. I don't know, like
+
+179
+00:12:44,980 --> 00:12:47,400
+the present simpletons is very important, like for
+
+180
+00:12:47,400 --> 00:12:51,760
+the romantics, you know? If you remember, like,
+
+181
+00:12:53,000 --> 00:12:56,420
+yeah, yeah, it has to do with permanence, even the
+
+182
+00:12:56,420 --> 00:12:58,740
+Rime of the Ancient Mariner, which is a story is
+
+183
+00:12:58,740 --> 00:13:02,240
+told in the present simpletons. So the present
+
+184
+00:13:02,240 --> 00:13:08,100
+simpletons is a key element in romanticism. You
+
+185
+00:13:08,100 --> 00:13:12,640
+have to look at that. Good. Any other response?
+
+186
+00:13:15,370 --> 00:13:21,610
+Okay, we don't want like, yes? No, pardon? To the
+
+187
+00:13:21,610 --> 00:13:24,810
+poem. Do you have a poetic response to the poem,
+
+188
+00:13:25,030 --> 00:13:28,730
+Jehan? As usual? No, I mean, was it in poetry?
+
+189
+00:13:29,530 --> 00:13:39,770
+Okay. You know, Jehan always likes to versify a
+
+190
+00:13:39,770 --> 00:13:40,190
+response.
+
+191
+00:13:43,890 --> 00:13:46,610
+Okay, I read this. I wandered lonely between my
+
+192
+00:13:46,610 --> 00:13:49,430
+books, this exam, that exams, and research hooks,
+
+193
+00:13:49,770 --> 00:13:52,250
+when all at once I did realize the semester and
+
+194
+00:13:52,250 --> 00:13:54,550
+the class are sweeping away. Daffodil's
+
+195
+00:13:54,550 --> 00:13:57,290
+Wordsworth's pen remarked, a manifestation of
+
+196
+00:13:57,290 --> 00:14:00,790
+romanticism in our books engraved. A revolution it
+
+197
+00:14:00,790 --> 00:14:02,770
+was for nature they pursued, imagination,
+
+198
+00:14:03,150 --> 00:14:05,610
+thoughts, and powerful feelings, to the era they
+
+199
+00:14:05,610 --> 00:14:10,110
+are all supposed to be healings. So, as well, I
+
+200
+00:14:10,110 --> 00:14:12,390
+recollected my thoughts in tranquility as
+
+201
+00:14:12,390 --> 00:14:15,160
+Wordsworth stays. Thank you very much. Again, like
+
+202
+00:14:15,160 --> 00:14:18,300
+she tried to versify this time, but I know like
+
+203
+00:14:18,300 --> 00:14:21,620
+why she doesn't like it because it seems like she
+
+204
+00:14:21,620 --> 00:14:25,220
+was very busy, but it's very good. Okay, I think
+
+205
+00:14:25,220 --> 00:14:30,220
+it's time for Ola to take the floor. She has, you
+
+206
+00:14:30,220 --> 00:14:34,140
+know, the 30 minutes she asked for and good.
+
+207
+00:15:10,730 --> 00:15:11,230
+Okay,
+
+208
+00:15:17,810 --> 00:15:19,750
+good morning everybody. My name is Oana Al
+
+209
+00:15:19,750 --> 00:15:21,910
+-Mashrykh and I'm here today to introduce to you
+
+210
+00:15:21,910 --> 00:15:24,090
+the Daffodils by William Wordsworth.
+
+211
+00:15:27,080 --> 00:15:29,840
+So I will talk about William Wordsworth, then I
+
+212
+00:15:29,840 --> 00:15:31,620
+will talk about the characteristics of William
+
+213
+00:15:31,620 --> 00:15:34,480
+Wordsworth, or especially the poetry of William
+
+214
+00:15:34,480 --> 00:15:37,340
+Wordsworth, then analysis of the poem, then I will
+
+215
+00:15:37,340 --> 00:15:39,440
+talk about the themes, rhyme and rhythm, figures
+
+216
+00:15:39,440 --> 00:15:41,900
+of speech, and finally, I will talk about the
+
+217
+00:15:41,900 --> 00:15:44,180
+characteristics of romanticism applied in this
+
+218
+00:15:44,180 --> 00:15:49,220
+poem. So William Wordsworth was a major English
+
+219
+00:15:49,220 --> 00:15:51,880
+romantic poet who with some multilayered colors
+
+220
+00:15:51,880 --> 00:15:55,170
+wrote that we know of course, helped launch the
+
+221
+00:15:55,170 --> 00:15:58,570
+Romantic Age. They led the Romantic Age, and
+
+222
+00:15:58,570 --> 00:16:01,410
+they're the first poets who wrote about the
+
+223
+00:16:01,410 --> 00:16:04,670
+Romanticism. He wrote, he's the one who wrote the
+
+224
+00:16:04,670 --> 00:16:06,830
+lyrical ballads, which is the collection, a
+
+225
+00:16:06,830 --> 00:16:09,810
+collection of poets, of poems written in a
+
+226
+00:16:09,810 --> 00:16:12,450
+romantic way. The factors that affected his way
+
+227
+00:16:12,450 --> 00:16:15,270
+and thinking that it's the French Revolution and
+
+228
+00:16:15,270 --> 00:16:17,970
+also the Industrial Revolution that we were
+
+229
+00:16:17,970 --> 00:16:20,770
+introduced in the previous lectures. His writings
+
+230
+00:16:20,770 --> 00:16:23,810
+was, his writing was a movement away from those of
+
+231
+00:16:23,810 --> 00:16:26,210
+his peers who wrote especially for educated
+
+232
+00:16:26,210 --> 00:16:30,470
+aristocrats and intellectual elites, that he was
+
+233
+00:16:30,470 --> 00:16:32,590
+writing for the common people, he was writing for
+
+234
+00:16:32,590 --> 00:16:35,190
+the ordinary people in a simple way, in simple
+
+235
+00:16:35,190 --> 00:16:38,870
+words, not like his previous era who were liking,
+
+236
+00:16:39,370 --> 00:16:42,650
+who liked writing for the elites in a very
+
+237
+00:16:42,650 --> 00:16:46,000
+complicated way. Then he wrote this poem, I
+
+238
+00:16:46,000 --> 00:16:49,340
+Wandered Lonely, as a cloud or like some might
+
+239
+00:16:49,340 --> 00:16:53,560
+call it the daffodils while he was working to
+
+240
+00:16:53,560 --> 00:17:00,000
+express his experience when he was working in the
+
+241
+00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:04,880
+place called what? Lake District. It's like a
+
+242
+00:17:04,880 --> 00:17:11,530
+place of many lakes. in Britain, he was working
+
+243
+00:17:11,530 --> 00:17:16,030
+with his sister Dorothy while they came across
+
+244
+00:17:16,030 --> 00:17:19,490
+this field of daffodils. So after two years of
+
+245
+00:17:19,490 --> 00:17:22,510
+this experience, he managed to write this poem
+
+246
+00:17:22,510 --> 00:17:26,590
+that inspired him to write this poem after two
+
+247
+00:17:26,590 --> 00:17:26,910
+years.
+
+248
+00:17:31,770 --> 00:17:34,990
+Yeah, so he like was inspired by her diaries when
+
+249
+00:17:34,990 --> 00:17:38,810
+he read them. Yeah, and there's like many lines,
+
+250
+00:17:39,010 --> 00:17:41,330
+like two lines of this poem was written by his
+
+251
+00:17:41,330 --> 00:17:49,050
+wife, Mary. Yeah, this experience. And he also
+
+252
+00:17:49,050 --> 00:17:52,370
+considered these two lines as of the most
+
+253
+00:17:52,370 --> 00:17:57,590
+beautiful lines in his poem. So he saw this field
+
+254
+00:17:57,590 --> 00:18:01,290
+of daffodils in 1802 and he wrote this poem after
+
+255
+00:18:01,290 --> 00:18:06,710
+two years like might be in 1804. So the
+
+256
+00:18:06,710 --> 00:18:09,970
+characteristics of Wordsworth's poetry was like
+
+257
+00:18:09,970 --> 00:18:13,430
+balance between mind and emotion. In his poems and
+
+258
+00:18:13,430 --> 00:18:16,330
+his poetry, he makes balance between mind and
+
+259
+00:18:16,330 --> 00:18:19,250
+emotion since he considered that poetry is a
+
+260
+00:18:19,250 --> 00:18:23,130
+combination of reason and imagination. Also that
+
+261
+00:18:23,130 --> 00:18:26,230
+poetry is an experience. Poetry is an experience
+
+262
+00:18:26,230 --> 00:18:30,830
+that is aroused in a very simple style themes to
+
+263
+00:18:30,830 --> 00:18:35,750
+introduce his poems to the ordinary and common
+
+264
+00:18:35,750 --> 00:18:39,650
+people. A poet is a teacher, but the difference
+
+265
+00:18:39,650 --> 00:18:43,290
+between the poet and the ordinary teacher that the
+
+266
+00:18:43,290 --> 00:18:46,850
+poet teaches through the medium of pleasure. So he
+
+267
+00:18:46,850 --> 00:18:52,050
+has to please his reader in order to teach him.
+
+268
+00:18:52,900 --> 00:18:56,440
+Yeah, I think you hear why the teaching is by
+
+269
+00:18:56,440 --> 00:18:59,200
+intuition, not by reason. Yeah. Not by
+
+270
+00:18:59,200 --> 00:19:03,320
+rationalization. Exactly. Because, you know, in
+
+271
+00:19:03,320 --> 00:19:07,220
+the ninth classical age, like, poetry was
+
+272
+00:19:07,220 --> 00:19:12,200
+didactic. They were teaching in a very direct way.
+
+273
+00:19:12,600 --> 00:19:15,200
+Like, if you look at Alexander's book, first
+
+274
+00:19:15,200 --> 00:19:17,100
+foreign nature and your judgment
+
+275
+00:19:33,440 --> 00:19:34,340
+Okay, see what I mean?
+
+276
+00:19:37,540 --> 00:19:39,880
+Okay, there is human and nature are topics for
+
+277
+00:19:39,880 --> 00:19:47,200
+romantic poetry. In his poetry, he sees that human
+
+278
+00:19:47,200 --> 00:19:52,800
+is no more neglected as in the previous eras from
+
+279
+00:19:52,800 --> 00:19:58,060
+the new classic poets. And also that the nature
+
+280
+00:19:58,060 --> 00:20:01,280
+also a topic for romantic poetry since nature was
+
+281
+00:20:01,280 --> 00:20:07,280
+neglected in other periods before him. and that
+
+282
+00:20:07,280 --> 00:20:10,260
+nature is opposite to the mechanism and to the
+
+283
+00:20:10,260 --> 00:20:14,120
+corrupted society that was in that, before that
+
+284
+00:20:14,120 --> 00:20:20,180
+time. Revolution-like. He start to regain the lost
+
+285
+00:20:20,180 --> 00:20:23,540
+dignity for human and nature. Yeah. Because nature
+
+286
+00:20:23,540 --> 00:20:27,580
+was abused by the values of the night classic. Man
+
+287
+00:20:27,580 --> 00:20:30,160
+was abused by the values of the night classic. So
+
+288
+00:20:30,160 --> 00:20:34,840
+we're talking about a man who was trying to regain
+
+289
+00:20:34,840 --> 00:20:39,970
+dignity. Then the connection between poet's
+
+290
+00:20:39,970 --> 00:20:44,730
+feelings and ideas. He believed that to convey his
+
+291
+00:20:44,730 --> 00:20:50,170
+message to the reader properly, he should connect
+
+292
+00:20:50,170 --> 00:20:53,870
+between feelings and ideas to express his poetic
+
+293
+00:20:53,870 --> 00:20:57,390
+experience. And finally, the poet is a creative
+
+294
+00:20:57,390 --> 00:21:01,610
+person. is creative, not as the ordinary people
+
+295
+00:21:01,610 --> 00:21:04,530
+that sees everything in an ordinary way. He
+
+296
+00:21:04,530 --> 00:21:07,570
+considers everything like when he wrote the
+
+297
+00:21:07,570 --> 00:21:10,450
+daffodils. When we say that the daffodils are like
+
+298
+00:21:10,450 --> 00:21:13,890
+simple creatures that no one can like give a shit
+
+299
+00:21:13,890 --> 00:21:19,550
+to them. So the poet himself can consider
+
+300
+00:21:19,550 --> 00:21:22,410
+everything as an inspiration for him to write
+
+301
+00:21:22,410 --> 00:21:24,890
+about. It's very good, like the poet is creative
+
+302
+00:21:24,890 --> 00:21:28,690
+because you know, The poets of the, you know, 18th
+
+303
+00:21:28,690 --> 00:21:30,790
+century in the United States were imitating
+
+304
+00:21:30,790 --> 00:21:35,010
+nature. Were imitating nature. You remember
+
+305
+00:21:35,010 --> 00:21:37,510
+Dryden? You know, art is an imitation. You
+
+306
+00:21:37,510 --> 00:21:41,190
+remember Alexander Poe? All of them were imitating
+
+307
+00:21:41,190 --> 00:21:45,950
+for the sake of teaching and delight. Here, like
+
+308
+00:21:45,950 --> 00:21:50,570
+he's creating, is he creating nature? No. What is
+
+309
+00:21:50,570 --> 00:21:54,150
+he creating? He's creating like feelings toward
+
+310
+00:21:54,150 --> 00:21:57,850
+nature. I don't know, like, he might be creating a
+
+311
+00:21:57,850 --> 00:22:00,890
+new nature, you know, because this is more... Like
+
+312
+00:22:00,890 --> 00:22:05,070
+visualizing and like, uh-huh, so personifying. Now
+
+313
+00:22:05,070 --> 00:22:07,810
+I will take you in a very small journey to the
+
+314
+00:22:07,810 --> 00:22:11,310
+place where Wordsworth found this field of
+
+315
+00:22:11,310 --> 00:22:15,110
+daffodils in Lake District or Jersme.
+
+316
+00:22:18,490 --> 00:22:24,130
+We'll travel from our university to that place. To
+
+317
+00:22:24,130 --> 00:22:28,410
+the dove cottage? Yeah, to the doctor. It doesn't
+
+318
+00:22:28,410 --> 00:22:28,770
+work.
+
+319
+00:22:32,350 --> 00:22:36,910
+No, it doesn't work. I don't know why.
+
+320
+00:22:41,250 --> 00:22:42,410
+It works on my laptop.
+
+321
+00:22:47,470 --> 00:22:50,350
+Maybe because it's this...
+
+322
+00:22:55,950 --> 00:22:58,110
+I have a song, this song, it doesn't work here.
+
+323
+00:22:58,110 --> 00:23:01,030
+Yeah, and I have... You have a song? I have also,
+
+324
+00:23:01,090 --> 00:23:04,090
+I have also about, I have also. Okay. It's just,
+
+325
+00:23:04,630 --> 00:23:08,010
+it doesn't work here. No problem. Can you give me
+
+326
+00:23:08,010 --> 00:23:12,490
+more, like... Start from there, it's the song,
+
+327
+00:23:12,610 --> 00:23:15,230
+yes? No, it's not the song. It's a journey, then
+
+328
+00:23:15,230 --> 00:23:17,890
+after it will be the song. Okay, you know, like
+
+329
+00:23:17,890 --> 00:23:22,550
+imagine that you came to the, like, big district.
+
+330
+00:23:22,990 --> 00:23:25,810
+I was there myself. Tell me why it doesn't work.
+
+331
+00:23:27,790 --> 00:23:32,470
+And I had some time to sit on the couch, which is
+
+332
+00:23:32,470 --> 00:23:34,990
+mentioned in the poem. In fact, the scene is very
+
+333
+00:23:34,990 --> 00:23:38,030
+captivating. You know, the lake area is a mountain
+
+334
+00:23:38,030 --> 00:23:41,090
+surrounded by, sorry, it's a lake surrounded by
+
+335
+00:23:41,090 --> 00:23:44,930
+areas and by a lot of beautiful daffodils around
+
+336
+00:23:44,930 --> 00:23:48,450
+the bay. So, I mean, the scene was very
+
+337
+00:23:48,450 --> 00:23:52,130
+fascinating. So, next time I'll be showing them
+
+338
+00:23:52,130 --> 00:23:54,990
+the scene. You just start the poem, go ahead.
+
+339
+00:23:55,090 --> 00:24:01,450
+Okay. Because we're running out of time. In the
+
+340
+00:24:01,450 --> 00:24:05,250
+first stanza... In the first stanza, I wandered
+
+341
+00:24:05,250 --> 00:24:08,350
+alone... I just want a girl to read this stanza.
+
+342
+00:24:08,890 --> 00:24:13,130
+Because we have no, like, reader. Who wants to
+
+343
+00:24:13,130 --> 00:24:20,670
+read? I wandered lonely as a dove. Come on. Come
+
+344
+00:24:20,670 --> 00:24:23,080
+on, Jihan. Yeah.
+
+345
+00:24:25,460 --> 00:24:29,120
+I wandered lonely as a cloud that floats on high
+
+346
+00:24:29,120 --> 00:24:33,720
+over vales and hills. Could you raise your? I
+
+347
+00:24:33,720 --> 00:24:36,880
+wandered lonely as a cloud that floats on high
+
+348
+00:24:36,880 --> 00:24:40,280
+over vales and hills, when all at once I saw a
+
+349
+00:24:40,280 --> 00:24:44,060
+crowd, a host of golden daffodils, beside the lake
+
+350
+00:24:44,060 --> 00:24:46,880
+beneath the trees, fluttering and dancing in the
+
+351
+00:24:46,880 --> 00:24:50,480
+breeze, continuous as the stars that shine and
+
+352
+00:24:50,480 --> 00:24:53,760
+twinkle in the milky way. They stretch a never
+
+353
+00:24:53,760 --> 00:24:57,640
+-ending line along the margin of a bay. Ten
+
+354
+00:24:57,640 --> 00:25:01,280
+thousand saw I advance, tossing their heads in
+
+355
+00:25:01,280 --> 00:25:05,220
+spirited dance. The waves beside them danced, but
+
+356
+00:25:05,220 --> 00:25:08,860
+they outdid the sparkling leaves in glee. A poet
+
+357
+00:25:08,860 --> 00:25:13,520
+could not but be gay, be but gay. It's the most
+
+358
+00:25:13,520 --> 00:25:17,660
+difficult line. A poet could not but be gay in
+
+359
+00:25:17,660 --> 00:25:21,120
+such a joke on company. Company. Yeah, not
+
+360
+00:25:21,120 --> 00:25:25,900
+company. because you know me right. Yeah. Yeah. I
+
+361
+00:25:25,900 --> 00:25:29,020
+gazed and gazed, but little thought what wealth
+
+362
+00:25:29,020 --> 00:25:32,800
+this show to me had brought. For oft when on my
+
+363
+00:25:32,800 --> 00:25:36,240
+couch I lie in vacant or intensive mood, they
+
+364
+00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:39,520
+flash upon that inward eye, which is the bliss of
+
+365
+00:25:39,520 --> 00:25:42,780
+solitude, and then my heart will play the bells
+
+366
+00:25:42,780 --> 00:25:45,180
+and dances with the daffodils. Yeah, thank you
+
+367
+00:25:45,180 --> 00:25:49,100
+very much. Yeah, thank you. Like, I think, you
+
+368
+00:25:49,100 --> 00:25:52,220
+know, you can read it better, you know. I'm not
+
+369
+00:25:52,220 --> 00:25:55,140
+good at research. No, no, no. Like it should be,
+
+370
+00:25:55,300 --> 00:25:58,640
+you know, like when you say like, I don't know,
+
+371
+00:25:58,700 --> 00:26:01,600
+you can bring, I wandered lonely as a cloud, like
+
+372
+00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:05,460
+this is very, I wandered lonely as a cloud that's
+
+373
+00:26:05,460 --> 00:26:07,820
+close over the vales and hills.
+
+374
+00:26:24,590 --> 00:26:27,930
+You all hear it? Because the poet started to
+
+375
+00:26:27,930 --> 00:26:30,850
+interact with nature. You guys see what I mean?
+
+376
+00:26:31,190 --> 00:26:31,610
+Good.
+
+377
+00:26:35,350 --> 00:26:38,670
+So in this stanza, the poet expresses his life
+
+378
+00:26:38,670 --> 00:26:41,310
+experience with his sister while they were walking
+
+379
+00:26:41,310 --> 00:26:44,390
+beneath the fields, and they came across this
+
+380
+00:26:44,390 --> 00:26:48,610
+field of daffodils. These fields of daffodils were
+
+381
+00:26:48,610 --> 00:26:50,990
+like a huge field.
+
+382
+00:26:52,790 --> 00:26:55,950
+And the first, from the first, from the very
+
+383
+00:26:55,950 --> 00:26:59,410
+beginning of this stanza, he was like, he was like
+
+384
+00:26:59,410 --> 00:27:03,730
+a lonely, lonely as a cloud. And this, that it
+
+385
+00:27:03,730 --> 00:27:06,390
+loots on, that it loots on high over vales and
+
+386
+00:27:06,390 --> 00:27:09,330
+hills, when all at once I saw a crowd, a host of
+
+387
+00:27:09,330 --> 00:27:12,250
+golden daffodils. So it might be like a
+
+388
+00:27:12,250 --> 00:27:16,210
+description for the field of daffodils, that it's
+
+389
+00:27:16,210 --> 00:27:19,570
+like golden daffodils, the yellow color of the
+
+390
+00:27:19,570 --> 00:27:22,880
+flowers. beside the lake beneath the trees, that
+
+391
+00:27:22,880 --> 00:27:26,660
+all these daffodils along the shore of the lake
+
+392
+00:27:26,660 --> 00:27:30,220
+were stretches because of the huge number of them,
+
+393
+00:27:30,500 --> 00:27:33,280
+fluttering and dancing in the breeze, like they
+
+394
+00:27:33,280 --> 00:27:35,860
+were dancing and fluttering in a very cheerful
+
+395
+00:27:35,860 --> 00:27:38,520
+way, that they were very happy because of the
+
+396
+00:27:38,520 --> 00:27:45,860
+nature. So they... The parent might mean in this
+
+397
+00:27:45,860 --> 00:27:50,140
+stanza that he wants us to express the disconnect
+
+398
+00:27:50,140 --> 00:27:53,820
+and the dispassionate way that we all live in our
+
+399
+00:27:53,820 --> 00:27:57,500
+lives. That we have like no aim in our life. We
+
+400
+00:27:57,500 --> 00:28:01,420
+are aimless people. So the nature is like an
+
+401
+00:28:01,420 --> 00:28:04,680
+inspiration for us. So we are like away from the
+
+402
+00:28:04,680 --> 00:28:09,290
+nature. Yeah, this sounds like you know he's a
+
+403
+00:28:09,290 --> 00:28:12,170
+pantheist yeah I don't think he was a pantheist
+
+404
+00:28:12,170 --> 00:28:15,610
+but this shows like how now here he's celebrating
+
+405
+00:28:15,610 --> 00:28:19,790
+nature yes he's wandering and you know why he was
+
+406
+00:28:19,790 --> 00:28:22,810
+wandering like wandering here he was wandering
+
+407
+00:28:22,810 --> 00:28:25,690
+lonely it means he was suffering from loneliness
+
+408
+00:28:25,690 --> 00:28:29,210
+yes and we like in the previous lecture we
+
+409
+00:28:29,210 --> 00:28:34,280
+understood that loneliness was as a As a result of
+
+410
+00:28:34,280 --> 00:28:37,160
+all the abuses of the classical age, the
+
+411
+00:28:37,160 --> 00:28:40,420
+industrial revolution, man was rejected because
+
+412
+00:28:40,420 --> 00:28:44,220
+man lost his dignity. But you know, you see he's
+
+413
+00:28:44,220 --> 00:28:46,340
+celebrating nature here. I like the way when you
+
+414
+00:28:46,340 --> 00:28:49,300
+say nature is huge. There is a celebration of
+
+415
+00:28:49,300 --> 00:28:53,740
+nature. How nature is distinguished here? Why is
+
+416
+00:28:53,740 --> 00:28:57,180
+he celebrating nature here? Like look here, if you
+
+417
+00:28:57,180 --> 00:29:01,200
+look, it is a crowd and then it becomes a host. So
+
+418
+00:29:01,200 --> 00:29:04,770
+look. The way he gradually, you know, starts to
+
+419
+00:29:04,770 --> 00:29:08,670
+perceive nature. He is not static. You know, he
+
+420
+00:29:08,670 --> 00:29:10,910
+was lonely. He saw a crowd and the crowd
+
+421
+00:29:10,910 --> 00:29:14,650
+contradicts with lonely. Then this crowd is a
+
+422
+00:29:14,650 --> 00:29:18,090
+host. And you know what a host has all the
+
+423
+00:29:18,090 --> 00:29:22,130
+positive connotation. A host means hospitality. A
+
+424
+00:29:22,130 --> 00:29:25,890
+host means love, respect, you know, all of this
+
+425
+00:29:25,890 --> 00:29:31,170
+compassion. And then beside, as she said, they are
+
+426
+00:29:31,170 --> 00:29:36,130
+huge. beneath the trees, fluttering and dancing in
+
+427
+00:29:36,130 --> 00:29:39,670
+the breeze. You see? They are everywhere. Like
+
+428
+00:29:39,670 --> 00:29:45,130
+they are, you know, ample. You must be ample? A
+
+429
+00:29:45,130 --> 00:29:49,650
+lot. So he celebrates the vastness of nature.
+
+430
+00:29:50,550 --> 00:29:54,710
+Nature is very vast. Nature is huge. Nature is not
+
+431
+00:29:54,710 --> 00:29:57,490
+a little thing. Nature is not just small animals.
+
+432
+00:29:58,290 --> 00:30:01,690
+Nature is more than this, okay? And so regarding
+
+433
+00:30:01,690 --> 00:30:04,450
+the word lonely as a cloud, as like most people
+
+434
+00:30:04,450 --> 00:30:07,770
+are floating on the miles above the nature, miles
+
+435
+00:30:07,770 --> 00:30:14,370
+above the real nature, and they like missing a lot
+
+436
+00:30:14,370 --> 00:30:19,130
+of things, like they are missing the quiet virtues
+
+437
+00:30:19,130 --> 00:30:22,990
+of nature, of the beauty, and of many
+
+438
+00:30:22,990 --> 00:30:26,950
+characteristics of, or of many sources of
+
+439
+00:30:26,950 --> 00:30:30,810
+emotional and spiritual nourishment. So when
+
+440
+00:30:30,810 --> 00:30:34,110
+people are away of the nature, they are missing a
+
+441
+00:30:34,110 --> 00:30:38,170
+lot of things, like he said. And this stands, it's
+
+442
+00:30:38,170 --> 00:30:40,630
+like all it's about like description or
+
+443
+00:30:40,630 --> 00:30:44,450
+description, especially description of the field
+
+444
+00:30:44,450 --> 00:30:47,670
+of the daffodils, that it's continuous as the
+
+445
+00:30:47,670 --> 00:30:50,810
+stars that shine and twinkle on the Milky Way. We
+
+446
+00:30:50,810 --> 00:30:53,830
+know that the Milky Way is the name of our galaxy,
+
+447
+00:30:53,970 --> 00:30:56,780
+that we live in. So he's like comparing the
+
+448
+00:30:56,780 --> 00:31:01,480
+daffodils with the stars, that he's comparing the
+
+449
+00:31:01,480 --> 00:31:04,160
+daffodils procession with the eternity of the
+
+450
+00:31:04,160 --> 00:31:07,140
+stars, that he is also making, that he also
+
+451
+00:31:07,140 --> 00:31:11,420
+creating a link between the daffodils and the
+
+452
+00:31:11,420 --> 00:31:14,620
+stars, or he's like creating a link between the
+
+453
+00:31:14,620 --> 00:31:17,280
+nature and the universe. So this
+
+454
+00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:32,020
+In a phenomenon. It is not only an earthly
+
+455
+00:31:32,020 --> 00:31:36,680
+phenomenon, okay? They structured a never-ending
+
+456
+00:31:36,680 --> 00:31:39,880
+line along the margin of a bay. Ten thousand saw
+
+457
+00:31:39,880 --> 00:31:42,740
+Ayatollahs tossing their heads in sparsely dance.
+
+458
+00:31:43,100 --> 00:31:46,340
+So here like he's expressing the number of the
+
+459
+00:31:46,340 --> 00:31:49,540
+daffodils like they are never-ending line. There's
+
+460
+00:31:49,540 --> 00:31:51,700
+a huge number of daffodils in this field.
+
+461
+00:32:04,270 --> 00:32:06,670
+And that's why, you know, so it should be written
+
+462
+00:32:06,670 --> 00:32:11,710
+this way. They snatched it. Along the margin of
+
+463
+00:32:11,710 --> 00:32:17,930
+the daily. And then, 10,000. So I. So I, what did
+
+464
+00:32:17,930 --> 00:32:23,770
+I say? So I. Anastrophe. I don't know why. What
+
+465
+00:32:23,770 --> 00:32:25,970
+are you doing? I'm just like wanting to do
+
+466
+00:32:25,970 --> 00:32:29,910
+something. So I. So I. So I. Yeah, I know, but
+
+467
+00:32:29,910 --> 00:32:34,550
+why? Why is this converging? Forget about what
+
+468
+00:32:34,550 --> 00:32:43,490
+anyone would like to do. Ten thousand
+
+469
+00:32:43,490 --> 00:32:48,810
+saw I at a glance to sink their heads in a
+
+470
+00:32:48,810 --> 00:32:52,780
+sprightly dance. I like the IMG, I like the
+
+471
+00:32:52,780 --> 00:32:55,300
+tossing. It's like humanizing the daffodils, like
+
+472
+00:32:55,300 --> 00:32:58,480
+they are like human beings that are dancing and
+
+473
+00:32:58,480 --> 00:33:03,200
+like tossing their heads. So it's like visualizing
+
+474
+00:33:03,200 --> 00:33:07,360
+the experience, like he is like the reader to
+
+475
+00:33:07,360 --> 00:33:11,260
+share his experience with him and to imagine the
+
+476
+00:33:11,260 --> 00:33:14,240
+whole experience, the whole field of daffodils and
+
+477
+00:33:14,240 --> 00:33:19,020
+why the poet decided to write about this field.
+
+478
+00:33:20,800 --> 00:33:24,400
+The waves beside them dance, but they outdid the
+
+479
+00:33:24,400 --> 00:33:27,000
+sparkling waves in glee. A poet could not but be
+
+480
+00:33:27,000 --> 00:33:30,920
+gay. Like he's comparing between the troubling,
+
+481
+00:33:31,240 --> 00:33:35,440
+the rumbling waves that are sparkling beside the
+
+482
+00:33:35,440 --> 00:33:41,280
+field of daffodils and then And then that he is
+
+483
+00:33:41,280 --> 00:33:44,640
+saying that the field of daffodils outdo like he,
+
+484
+00:33:45,160 --> 00:33:48,880
+the daffodils defeated the rebelling waves in
+
+485
+00:33:48,880 --> 00:33:52,640
+their like movement and dancing. So that this
+
+486
+00:33:52,640 --> 00:33:56,860
+field of daffodils is like more amazing than
+
+487
+00:33:56,860 --> 00:33:59,740
+anything in this nature. And then a poet could not
+
+488
+00:33:59,740 --> 00:34:02,480
+but be gay in such a joking company. And at that
+
+489
+00:34:02,480 --> 00:34:05,360
+time of that experience before two years, He was
+
+490
+00:34:05,360 --> 00:34:08,660
+like, he was of course cheerful and like gleeful,
+
+491
+00:34:09,040 --> 00:34:13,740
+but to not that extent that he like was while he
+
+492
+00:34:13,740 --> 00:34:16,160
+was writing his poem. Like he was very cheerful,
+
+493
+00:34:16,620 --> 00:34:21,750
+but he didn't appreciate the nature. But after two
+
+494
+00:34:21,750 --> 00:34:24,410
+years, he didn't appreciate the scene before him
+
+495
+00:34:24,410 --> 00:34:27,930
+while he was working with his sister. And after
+
+496
+00:34:27,930 --> 00:34:31,770
+two years, he appreciated this scene more and more
+
+497
+00:34:31,770 --> 00:34:35,130
+and started to write this scene in his poetry. Can
+
+498
+00:34:35,130 --> 00:34:38,530
+I ask a question? Why did he say a man could not
+
+499
+00:34:38,530 --> 00:34:41,270
+but be just gay? Why did he say a poet in
+
+500
+00:34:41,270 --> 00:34:46,070
+particular? Can I answer? Okay, yes. Because an
+
+501
+00:34:46,070 --> 00:34:48,690
+ordinary man cannot notice this cheerful or
+
+502
+00:34:48,690 --> 00:34:52,630
+playful field of daffodils like the poet. The poet
+
+503
+00:34:52,630 --> 00:34:55,490
+is very sensitive that he can notice anything in
+
+504
+00:34:55,490 --> 00:34:57,950
+nature and he can be like touched. But we can
+
+505
+00:34:57,950 --> 00:35:02,410
+notice everything in nature as well. But we cannot
+
+506
+00:35:02,410 --> 00:35:06,010
+be touched. Why a poet could not but be just gay?
+
+507
+00:35:07,050 --> 00:35:09,210
+Because he's more sensitive than ordinary people.
+
+508
+00:35:09,210 --> 00:35:14,510
+Okay. More sensitive than you. He's more
+
+509
+00:35:14,510 --> 00:35:18,870
+sensitive. He has a higher sensation. Teacher,
+
+510
+00:35:19,630 --> 00:35:21,690
+like, the daffodils cannot touch our hearts like
+
+511
+00:35:21,690 --> 00:35:23,870
+this, in this way. No, they can touch, you know.
+
+512
+00:35:23,970 --> 00:35:26,130
+No. You see the daffodils, oh my God, they're
+
+513
+00:35:26,130 --> 00:35:27,370
+loving you, they like you. There are many
+
+514
+00:35:27,370 --> 00:35:30,250
+daffodils in the street and we never give like a
+
+515
+00:35:30,250 --> 00:35:32,670
+glance to them. Yeah. But there's like the boat,
+
+516
+00:35:32,790 --> 00:35:36,420
+it's very sensitive, he likes it a lot. We might
+
+517
+00:35:36,420 --> 00:35:38,420
+sometimes, we have. We don't have that. Like
+
+518
+00:35:38,420 --> 00:35:41,440
+little, like. No, we don't have that. We have, why
+
+519
+00:35:41,440 --> 00:35:43,960
+not? No, no, no, we don't. It's very ordinary,
+
+520
+00:35:44,120 --> 00:35:46,820
+like flower. You know, what are the levels? They
+
+521
+00:35:46,820 --> 00:35:50,520
+are, we don't have these flowers that we can think
+
+522
+00:35:50,520 --> 00:35:53,820
+of. It depends on the sphere. It depends on the
+
+523
+00:35:53,820 --> 00:35:58,160
+sphere. He means about, especially about romantic
+
+524
+00:35:58,160 --> 00:36:02,080
+feeling. That he feel the atmosphere around him,
+
+525
+00:36:02,320 --> 00:36:04,680
+he should be happy in this aspect of the sphere.
+
+526
+00:36:07,520 --> 00:36:12,280
+Yes, in fact, like, why would a housewife be happy
+
+527
+00:36:12,280 --> 00:36:15,900
+in the kitchen? Because when she has all the
+
+528
+00:36:15,900 --> 00:36:18,820
+ingredients for cooking, she would be happy. You
+
+529
+00:36:18,820 --> 00:36:23,440
+know? Here, like a poet is having all the elements
+
+530
+00:36:23,440 --> 00:36:28,360
+of creativity. Of creativity. Like he can, you
+
+531
+00:36:28,360 --> 00:36:32,380
+know, create now. Why? Because he has everything
+
+532
+00:36:32,380 --> 00:36:35,690
+in front of him. A poet could not but be gay,
+
+533
+00:36:36,130 --> 00:36:39,110
+could not but, you know, but be gay, like accept.
+
+534
+00:36:39,470 --> 00:36:41,910
+He has nothing to do except being happy. Why?
+
+535
+00:36:42,030 --> 00:36:45,110
+Because this is his chance, this is his
+
+536
+00:36:45,110 --> 00:36:50,200
+opportunity to create. Okay? Okay. I gazed and
+
+537
+00:36:50,200 --> 00:36:53,120
+gazed but little thought what wealth to show to me
+
+538
+00:36:53,120 --> 00:36:56,160
+had brought he's just like wondering how like this
+
+539
+00:36:56,160 --> 00:36:58,800
+amazing field has like touched his heart and
+
+540
+00:36:58,800 --> 00:37:03,660
+touches emotions by uh so and after that we have
+
+541
+00:37:03,660 --> 00:37:07,600
+this fourth stanza for off twin on my couch I lie
+
+542
+00:37:07,600 --> 00:37:11,710
+so this is like uh and recollecting of his
+
+543
+00:37:11,710 --> 00:37:15,950
+emotions. The first three stanzas was about his
+
+544
+00:37:15,950 --> 00:37:18,970
+experience in the past and the first stanza he was
+
+545
+00:37:18,970 --> 00:37:22,030
+recollecting when he was studying the definition
+
+546
+00:37:22,030 --> 00:37:25,990
+of poetry by William Wordsworth that poetry is a
+
+547
+00:37:25,990 --> 00:37:28,410
+spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings
+
+548
+00:37:28,410 --> 00:37:31,570
+recollected in tranquility. So here he applies
+
+549
+00:37:31,570 --> 00:37:36,380
+this definition in his poem, like when he was in
+
+550
+00:37:36,380 --> 00:37:39,580
+tranquility on his couch, on his couch with a
+
+551
+00:37:39,580 --> 00:37:42,820
+pensive and vacant and relaxed mood, he
+
+552
+00:37:42,820 --> 00:37:45,100
+recollected all that experience that happened
+
+553
+00:37:45,100 --> 00:37:48,000
+before two years and he started writing about this
+
+554
+00:37:48,000 --> 00:37:50,700
+experience in his poetry that flashed upon that
+
+555
+00:37:50,700 --> 00:37:54,440
+inward eye, that it flashed in the poet himself,
+
+556
+00:37:54,920 --> 00:37:57,980
+in the memory of the poet, which is a bliss of
+
+557
+00:37:57,980 --> 00:38:02,400
+solitude. So this recollecting and writing is a
+
+558
+00:38:02,400 --> 00:38:06,240
+bliss of solitude. Because he was alone with
+
+559
+00:38:06,240 --> 00:38:08,800
+himself on his couch, lying on his couch, he
+
+560
+00:38:08,800 --> 00:38:10,960
+started remembering and recollecting that
+
+561
+00:38:10,960 --> 00:38:13,680
+experience. And then my heart with pleasure fills
+
+562
+00:38:13,680 --> 00:38:16,340
+and dances with the daffodil. So when he was
+
+563
+00:38:16,340 --> 00:38:19,740
+retrieving a memory of that experience, He felt
+
+564
+00:38:19,740 --> 00:38:23,300
+very happy, he felt cheerful, delightful, gleeful,
+
+565
+00:38:23,660 --> 00:38:26,980
+because at that time, he was dancing with the
+
+566
+00:38:26,980 --> 00:38:31,880
+daffodils. So the experience started, so that
+
+567
+00:38:31,880 --> 00:38:35,280
+experience that happened before two years remains
+
+568
+00:38:35,280 --> 00:38:39,180
+with the poet after two years. And he also
+
+569
+00:38:39,180 --> 00:38:43,200
+remembered that life, it was happening at this
+
+570
+00:38:43,200 --> 00:38:46,140
+time. It's a replica of the same image, but this
+
+571
+00:38:46,140 --> 00:38:48,860
+is the question. Like the image of the daffodils
+
+572
+00:38:48,860 --> 00:38:51,900
+he stored in his mind. Yeah. Now when they flash,
+
+573
+00:38:52,540 --> 00:38:56,380
+was it the same image or was it a reconstructed
+
+574
+00:38:56,380 --> 00:38:59,600
+image in his mind? It was a reconstructed image.
+
+575
+00:38:59,680 --> 00:39:01,260
+It was a reconstructed image. Yeah, for sure. It
+
+576
+00:39:01,260 --> 00:39:05,140
+was a reconstructed image saved in his mind. More
+
+577
+00:39:05,140 --> 00:39:08,680
+amazing also. So when he sits in a pensive, you
+
+578
+00:39:08,680 --> 00:39:13,620
+know, or vacant like pool, they just like come
+
+579
+00:39:13,620 --> 00:39:15,980
+like this. Yeah, flashing. And he's happy again.
+
+580
+00:39:16,930 --> 00:39:20,510
+Look how nature is valuable. But nature is not on
+
+581
+00:39:20,510 --> 00:39:26,070
+its own. Nature, you know, with the bliss of
+
+582
+00:39:26,070 --> 00:39:28,870
+solitude, which is what? What is the bliss of
+
+583
+00:39:28,870 --> 00:39:36,390
+solitude here? It is the inward I. It is the
+
+584
+00:39:36,390 --> 00:39:39,570
+inward I, which is the bliss of solitude. What is
+
+585
+00:39:39,570 --> 00:39:45,230
+the inward I? It is the imagination. It is the
+
+586
+00:39:45,230 --> 00:39:48,810
+memory. the poetic imagination, the inward I. It
+
+587
+00:39:48,810 --> 00:39:52,530
+is this powerful faculty which succeeded in
+
+588
+00:39:52,530 --> 00:39:56,570
+reconstructing, you know, the whole experience and
+
+589
+00:39:56,570 --> 00:40:00,450
+stored it in the poet's mind. So this is a
+
+590
+00:40:00,450 --> 00:40:04,710
+valuable experience man can again dance with
+
+591
+00:40:04,710 --> 00:40:08,500
+nature, you know, behave with nature. Now
+
+592
+00:40:08,500 --> 00:40:12,240
+regarding the theme, it might be about the value
+
+593
+00:40:12,240 --> 00:40:14,440
+of nature, that there are many considered themes,
+
+594
+00:40:14,560 --> 00:40:17,380
+but I will focus on this theme, the value of
+
+595
+00:40:17,380 --> 00:40:22,860
+nature. We for sure know that beauty is like a
+
+596
+00:40:22,860 --> 00:40:27,020
+simple creature, it's like a simple creature that
+
+597
+00:40:27,020 --> 00:40:30,500
+gives pleasures to anyone. So also the beauty of
+
+598
+00:40:30,500 --> 00:40:35,860
+nature that everyone can also can always like feel
+
+599
+00:40:35,860 --> 00:40:38,320
+in this heart and can always carry in this heart
+
+600
+00:40:38,320 --> 00:40:42,360
+for for like many years. And so when Hertzworth
+
+601
+00:40:42,360 --> 00:40:46,600
+like came across this field of daffodils, he felt
+
+602
+00:40:46,600 --> 00:40:50,550
+pleased. And he felt excited. And he felt that
+
+603
+00:40:50,550 --> 00:40:54,090
+he's like a part of the nature, like he's dancing
+
+604
+00:40:54,090 --> 00:40:56,870
+with the daffodils in the breeze. So when the
+
+605
+00:40:56,870 --> 00:41:00,930
+scene flashed back in his mind or his memory, he
+
+606
+00:41:00,930 --> 00:41:04,810
+also felt that he's dancing in the same way that
+
+607
+00:41:04,810 --> 00:41:07,310
+the daffodils were dancing before two years. He
+
+608
+00:41:07,310 --> 00:41:09,710
+started to feel that he's a part of nature. So he
+
+609
+00:41:09,710 --> 00:41:12,170
+started fluttering, dancing in a very cheerful
+
+610
+00:41:12,170 --> 00:41:16,390
+way. So simple pleasures can cure a lonely heart,
+
+611
+00:41:16,770 --> 00:41:20,090
+can make one happy. Sometimes you just have to
+
+612
+00:41:20,090 --> 00:41:23,750
+look around, slow down. Don't be too catch up with
+
+613
+00:41:23,750 --> 00:41:26,210
+the pace of the busy. Simple pleasurable
+
+614
+00:41:26,210 --> 00:41:31,870
+experience. Don't be worrying about every trivial
+
+615
+00:41:31,870 --> 00:41:35,750
+thing in your world. Just be relaxed and consider
+
+616
+00:41:35,750 --> 00:41:41,510
+everything happy in your world. Is man rich? How
+
+617
+00:41:41,510 --> 00:41:47,270
+is man rich? by nature by nature by this happy
+
+618
+00:41:47,270 --> 00:41:51,170
+feeling this is power this is you know potential
+
+619
+00:41:51,170 --> 00:41:54,530
+which is like a potential of creativity man can
+
+620
+00:41:54,530 --> 00:42:00,030
+create man is positive man is not you know like a
+
+621
+00:42:00,030 --> 00:42:04,790
+machine or you know man has the initiative has the
+
+622
+00:42:04,790 --> 00:42:09,430
+imagination man is dignified so like here in this
+
+623
+00:42:09,430 --> 00:42:12,300
+poem you can say it's about man's dignity because
+
+624
+00:42:12,300 --> 00:42:16,280
+of his power of imagination i'll talk about okay i
+
+625
+00:42:16,280 --> 00:42:19,020
+know like you won't be able so we can leave this i
+
+626
+00:42:19,020 --> 00:42:22,520
+will just watch next time okay yeah next time you
+
+627
+00:42:22,520 --> 00:42:25,140
+just leave it and i can also organize the other
+
+628
+00:42:25,140 --> 00:42:29,500
+missing things yes okay okay thank you i can like
+
+629
+00:42:29,500 --> 00:42:32,600
+explain it next time thank you very much for uh
+
+630
+00:42:32,600 --> 00:42:37,020
+listening thank you hola i know it was uh you know
+
+631
+00:42:37,020 --> 00:42:41,640
+a wonderful job thank you you tried uh like to do
+
+632
+00:42:41,640 --> 00:42:45,660
+your best to capture the spirit of the poem. I
+
+633
+00:42:45,660 --> 00:42:48,240
+know you wanted us to listen to the song, but next
+
+634
+00:42:48,240 --> 00:42:52,660
+time I will arrange the song very well. Next time
+
+635
+00:42:52,660 --> 00:42:56,340
+we're continuing explaining the devils, you know,
+
+636
+00:42:56,400 --> 00:43:00,460
+I'll be like taking part. And next week we'll
+
+637
+00:43:00,460 --> 00:43:05,720
+continue, I think with Victoria, you know. Thank
+
+638
+00:43:05,720 --> 00:43:06,220
+you very much.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/X-Oi3MDZI8M_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2552 @@
+1
+00:00:13,200 --> 00:00:19,920
+Assalamu alaikum. How are you today? Are you fine?
+
+2
+00:00:24,740 --> 00:00:25,880
+I think
+
+3
+00:00:29,990 --> 00:00:31,650
+May I have your attention please?
+
+4
+00:00:36,510 --> 00:00:38,450
+What are you talking about? It seems like you are
+
+5
+00:00:38,450 --> 00:00:43,130
+having exam today. Okay, so we don't want to be
+
+6
+00:00:43,130 --> 00:00:48,070
+very long today. Today's class is going to be like
+
+7
+00:00:48,070 --> 00:00:52,710
+this. As usual, we're going to listen to a couple
+
+8
+00:00:52,710 --> 00:00:56,470
+of reports. Then I'm going to ask you about your
+
+9
+00:00:56,470 --> 00:00:59,740
+response to the poem, The Daffodils. And today we
+
+10
+00:00:59,740 --> 00:01:03,480
+have some change. We have a student who's going to
+
+11
+00:01:03,480 --> 00:01:09,900
+present the daffodils. I might interfere. I'm not
+
+12
+00:01:09,900 --> 00:01:14,800
+sure. It is, you know, up to her. Do you want me
+
+13
+00:01:14,800 --> 00:01:19,060
+to comment? Okay. I don't want to confuse you. But
+
+14
+00:01:19,060 --> 00:01:22,580
+if I find difficult to, you know, interfere today,
+
+15
+00:01:22,720 --> 00:01:26,540
+I might like in a follow-up class give my own
+
+16
+00:01:26,540 --> 00:01:31,550
+class, okay? So this is what we are going to do
+
+17
+00:01:31,550 --> 00:01:38,110
+today. Let's see, you know, who's going to report.
+
+18
+00:01:40,770 --> 00:01:45,890
+Yes, please. The lady there. Yes. Can you come and
+
+19
+00:01:45,890 --> 00:01:46,510
+report here?
+
+20
+00:01:54,730 --> 00:01:56,730
+This is the first time you come here? Just come
+
+21
+00:01:56,730 --> 00:02:01,160
+here, okay. Say good morning. Good morning. It's
+
+22
+00:02:01,160 --> 00:02:04,300
+Monday, nine o'clock, when Dr. Habib came to the
+
+23
+00:02:04,300 --> 00:02:07,100
+lecture and began with us the lecture. As usual,
+
+24
+00:02:07,280 --> 00:02:10,140
+we began with two reports. Then Dr. Habib began
+
+25
+00:02:10,140 --> 00:02:14,260
+the new born residuals with a single explanation
+
+26
+00:02:14,260 --> 00:02:20,700
+about romanticism, and he let Ms. Ahlam complete
+
+27
+00:02:20,700 --> 00:02:23,740
+the explanation about this movement of
+
+28
+00:02:23,740 --> 00:02:29,390
+romanticism. At that time, she told us about
+
+29
+00:02:29,390 --> 00:02:32,970
+William, the poet, and his relationship between
+
+30
+00:02:32,970 --> 00:02:36,890
+him and nature, and how he was in love with
+
+31
+00:02:36,890 --> 00:02:39,910
+nature. Next lecture, we will continue on this
+
+32
+00:02:39,910 --> 00:02:42,970
+one. By the way, Ms. Ahlam came to the advanced
+
+33
+00:02:42,970 --> 00:02:48,110
+writing lecture and attended with us, and all of
+
+34
+00:02:48,110 --> 00:02:51,250
+the girls were happy for that surprise. Yes, okay,
+
+35
+00:02:51,390 --> 00:02:56,170
+thank you very much. Still there is a place for a
+
+36
+00:02:56,170 --> 00:03:02,310
+space for another report. Today I'm like choosing,
+
+37
+00:03:02,650 --> 00:03:06,630
+you know. Yes, you.
+
+38
+00:03:21,940 --> 00:03:25,560
+Good morning. Dr. Akram come at nine o'clock. He
+
+39
+00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:28,420
+began the lecture as usual. He chose some students
+
+40
+00:03:28,420 --> 00:03:31,000
+to read their report, and he began the
+
+41
+00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:33,700
+explanation. He introduced the new born, which is
+
+42
+00:03:33,700 --> 00:03:37,020
+daffodil. Mrs. Ahlam will share, Dr. Habib, in his
+
+43
+00:03:37,020 --> 00:03:40,500
+explanation. She began the lecture. She welcomed
+
+44
+00:03:40,500 --> 00:03:43,920
+the student. Then she began the explanation by
+
+45
+00:03:43,920 --> 00:03:46,860
+introducing what is potry. By introducing what is
+
+46
+00:03:46,860 --> 00:03:51,190
+potry. Then, yes, who is the poet? And then it
+
+47
+00:03:51,190 --> 00:03:54,510
+began to explanation the definition of the
+
+48
+00:03:54,510 --> 00:04:00,510
+romanticism and the elements of romantic period.
+
+49
+00:04:01,010 --> 00:04:04,330
+Finally, I liked Mrs. Ahlam way in presenting this
+
+50
+00:04:04,330 --> 00:04:07,590
+information in a simple way. Very good. So thank
+
+51
+00:04:07,590 --> 00:04:11,670
+you very much. Yes, last time we had a wonderful
+
+52
+00:04:11,670 --> 00:04:16,450
+introduction about you know, romanticism. And it
+
+53
+00:04:16,450 --> 00:04:20,130
+was like completing the image we started in
+
+54
+00:04:20,130 --> 00:04:25,630
+William Blake. Today, I think, you know, Like with
+
+55
+00:04:25,630 --> 00:04:27,730
+the daffodils, we might have a better
+
+56
+00:04:27,730 --> 00:04:31,490
+understanding of the abstract things like, because
+
+57
+00:04:31,490 --> 00:04:34,530
+last time, we talked about abstract things, you
+
+58
+00:04:34,530 --> 00:04:37,390
+know, like the relation between man and nature,
+
+59
+00:04:38,030 --> 00:04:40,330
+you know, poetry, the spontaneous overflow,
+
+60
+00:04:40,570 --> 00:04:44,110
+powerful feelings. You know, we talk about that in
+
+61
+00:04:44,110 --> 00:04:46,710
+a very abstract way. So today, we are going to see
+
+62
+00:04:46,710 --> 00:04:50,590
+this hopefully in the poem. But before we start,
+
+63
+00:04:50,690 --> 00:04:54,170
+like the poem, looking at the poem, I want like,
+
+64
+00:04:54,880 --> 00:04:57,240
+you to tell me, what do you think of the poem? Who
+
+65
+00:04:57,240 --> 00:05:02,980
+wrote a response to the poem? Yes, please. Just
+
+66
+00:05:02,980 --> 00:05:05,380
+this is a written response, then I'll ask, I'll be
+
+67
+00:05:05,380 --> 00:05:08,560
+asking, you know, you about your oral response.
+
+68
+00:05:10,110 --> 00:05:12,690
+How are you? Good morning, everybody. The Devils
+
+69
+00:05:12,690 --> 00:05:17,710
+is one of the most famous poems written by William
+
+70
+00:05:17,710 --> 00:05:22,010
+Wordsworth, who is a major English romantic poet
+
+71
+00:05:22,010 --> 00:05:24,370
+and helped to launch the Romantic Age in English
+
+72
+00:05:24,370 --> 00:05:27,050
+literature. The Devils, how beautiful the title
+
+73
+00:05:27,050 --> 00:05:30,430
+is. Everyone will like the poem because it is
+
+74
+00:05:30,430 --> 00:05:33,610
+written brilliantly and it really paints a picture
+
+75
+00:05:33,610 --> 00:05:36,790
+in the reader's mind. Also, it's easy to read, and
+
+76
+00:05:36,790 --> 00:05:39,870
+some people might even consider it relaxing. The
+
+77
+00:05:39,870 --> 00:05:41,790
+poem clearly describes the appearance of the
+
+78
+00:05:41,790 --> 00:05:46,010
+daffodils and that what's worth encountered in a
+
+79
+00:05:46,010 --> 00:05:49,990
+stormy day when he walking by his water in England
+
+80
+00:05:49,990 --> 00:05:52,770
+and especially focusing on the way that the
+
+81
+00:05:52,770 --> 00:05:56,110
+daffodils look, dancing, and if they are in a
+
+82
+00:05:56,110 --> 00:05:58,510
+breeze day. The poem reflects the inherent
+
+83
+00:05:58,510 --> 00:06:01,150
+connection between the man and the nature, which
+
+84
+00:06:01,150 --> 00:06:04,640
+is so commonly found in William's poetry. The
+
+85
+00:06:04,640 --> 00:06:06,760
+video discloses the relationship between nature
+
+86
+00:06:06,760 --> 00:06:09,400
+and human beings, how nature can affect one
+
+87
+00:06:09,400 --> 00:06:13,100
+emotion and behavior with its emotion and sound.
+
+88
+00:06:13,400 --> 00:06:15,680
+From the very beginning, the speaker
+
+89
+00:06:15,680 --> 00:06:17,780
+metaphorically compares himself to the cloud,
+
+90
+00:06:18,240 --> 00:06:21,000
+creating a sense of isolation from the rest of the
+
+91
+00:06:21,000 --> 00:06:26,890
+world. He compares between the lonesome feeling of
+
+92
+00:06:26,890 --> 00:06:30,650
+the speaker with his happy memories or even
+
+93
+00:06:30,650 --> 00:06:33,950
+experiences with nature. This shows that looking
+
+94
+00:06:33,950 --> 00:06:36,110
+at the daffodils makes the speaker feel better.
+
+95
+00:06:36,550 --> 00:06:39,050
+This is indicated by the last line of the poem.
+
+96
+00:06:40,000 --> 00:06:42,520
+The theme of the poem might be about enjoining the
+
+97
+00:06:42,520 --> 00:06:44,860
+nature and its elements, or the collection of
+
+98
+00:06:44,860 --> 00:06:47,600
+human emotions inspired by nature. The poem is
+
+99
+00:06:47,600 --> 00:06:52,040
+rich of the visual images that used to convey his
+
+100
+00:06:52,040 --> 00:06:54,920
+appreciation of nature. Talking about figurative
+
+101
+00:06:54,920 --> 00:06:57,800
+speech, the poem is full of the similes, the
+
+102
+00:06:57,800 --> 00:07:01,700
+metaphors, and persification. And it also consists
+
+103
+00:07:01,700 --> 00:07:04,710
+of four stanzas which have got six lines. Okay,
+
+104
+00:07:04,770 --> 00:07:07,090
+thank you. This is very advanced response. I like
+
+105
+00:07:07,090 --> 00:07:11,890
+it very much. It's a good response. It seems like
+
+106
+00:07:11,890 --> 00:07:16,490
+she paid or she exerted tremendous efforts in
+
+107
+00:07:16,490 --> 00:07:20,610
+reading the poem and writing her response. Good,
+
+108
+00:07:20,650 --> 00:07:23,250
+what do you think? Do you like the poem? You don't
+
+109
+00:07:23,250 --> 00:07:25,850
+like it? Is it a good poem? What do you think?
+
+110
+00:07:25,930 --> 00:07:30,050
+Yes. Exactly, I like the poem because it talks
+
+111
+00:07:30,050 --> 00:07:30,390
+about
+
+112
+00:07:39,030 --> 00:07:41,250
+about the beauty of nature as a source of
+
+113
+00:07:41,250 --> 00:07:45,730
+inspiration and we find that the poet in the first
+
+114
+00:07:45,730 --> 00:07:50,290
+stanza is having a pessimistic point of view and
+
+115
+00:07:50,290 --> 00:07:53,510
+he suffers from sadness and grief but in the other
+
+116
+00:07:53,510 --> 00:07:58,010
+one or in the other or in the last stanza he has
+
+117
+00:07:58,010 --> 00:08:00,690
+an opposite point of view which is optimistic, he
+
+118
+00:08:00,690 --> 00:08:04,880
+becomes optimistic Yes, so they want to say like
+
+119
+00:08:04,880 --> 00:08:07,420
+there is a movement. He started by being lonely
+
+120
+00:08:07,420 --> 00:08:10,960
+and then he ended by dancing with the daffodils.
+
+121
+00:08:11,700 --> 00:08:16,140
+So it is very important to know what happened and
+
+122
+00:08:16,140 --> 00:08:20,480
+how his mood changed. It's very important. What
+
+123
+00:08:20,480 --> 00:08:23,820
+made his mood change? Was it like because he saw
+
+124
+00:08:23,820 --> 00:08:26,820
+the daffodils and because the daffodils were
+
+125
+00:08:26,820 --> 00:08:29,720
+dancing? Or was it beyond this? Because this is
+
+126
+00:08:29,720 --> 00:08:34,140
+very important. You know, I'm a little bit, you
+
+127
+00:08:34,140 --> 00:08:42,590
+know, I mean, Concerning the pathetic fallacy, I'm
+
+128
+00:08:42,590 --> 00:08:46,070
+a little bit reserved about nature being
+
+129
+00:08:46,070 --> 00:08:48,990
+sympathetic with man, mainly in this poem. It is
+
+130
+00:08:48,990 --> 00:08:52,830
+more than this. We'll discover that it is not a
+
+131
+00:08:52,830 --> 00:08:57,570
+pathetic fallacy. It is not a pathetic fallacy or
+
+132
+00:08:57,570 --> 00:09:02,550
+nature sympathizing with man. It is more than
+
+133
+00:09:02,550 --> 00:09:03,810
+this. Okay?
+
+134
+00:09:09,180 --> 00:09:13,340
+Yes, you were talking. Okay. Yes. Thank you.
+
+135
+00:09:24,880 --> 00:09:30,480
+So you
+
+136
+00:09:30,480 --> 00:09:36,710
+think The inward eye was the most important thing.
+
+137
+00:09:36,950 --> 00:09:45,350
+The inward eye was perhaps the strong visionary
+
+138
+00:09:45,350 --> 00:09:50,350
+tool which made the poet see something different
+
+139
+00:09:50,350 --> 00:09:57,300
+from the common man. Okay, good. What else? Yes,
+
+140
+00:09:57,640 --> 00:10:00,180
+Jahan? As we all know, the daffodils is like a
+
+141
+00:10:00,180 --> 00:10:02,940
+manifestation of the romantic period, because we
+
+142
+00:10:02,940 --> 00:10:06,160
+took Blake, and Blake was sort of like the pre
+
+143
+00:10:06,160 --> 00:10:10,860
+-romantic, and it wasn't kind of like manifested
+
+144
+00:10:10,860 --> 00:10:15,820
+in a very clear way. His speculations in his
+
+145
+00:10:15,820 --> 00:10:19,340
+writings were still a bit vague in terms of being
+
+146
+00:10:19,340 --> 00:10:21,980
+romantic or not. So you want to say like here...
+
+147
+00:10:21,980 --> 00:10:24,500
+With daffodils, we see Wordsworth is actually
+
+148
+00:10:24,800 --> 00:10:27,600
+Drawing the lines and it's actually making it
+
+149
+00:10:27,600 --> 00:10:32,220
+clear for what is romanticism the the the the
+
+150
+00:10:32,810 --> 00:10:36,090
+themes of romanticism, nature, and also poetry,
+
+151
+00:10:36,410 --> 00:10:38,970
+and tranquility, and solitude, and all these
+
+152
+00:10:38,970 --> 00:10:41,230
+things. We can see them very clearly in the
+
+153
+00:10:41,230 --> 00:10:45,390
+Daffodil. Yeah, we can see the characteristics of
+
+154
+00:10:45,390 --> 00:10:51,590
+romanticism very clear in this poem. Not like
+
+155
+00:10:51,590 --> 00:10:55,410
+Blake, they were latent, they were hidden. Here we
+
+156
+00:10:55,410 --> 00:11:00,950
+can see them clearly. Yes? What do you think? They
+
+157
+00:11:00,950 --> 00:11:05,230
+are the ladies at the back? Do you like the poem?
+
+158
+00:11:06,490 --> 00:11:10,810
+Were you happy when you read it? Yes?
+
+159
+00:11:18,250 --> 00:11:26,910
+Has anybody
+
+160
+00:11:26,910 --> 00:11:33,530
+paid attention to the tenses? Like the tense, I
+
+161
+00:11:33,530 --> 00:11:37,630
+wandered alone as a cloud, and then it ended with
+
+162
+00:11:37,630 --> 00:11:41,710
+my heart dances with the daffodils. Has anybody
+
+163
+00:11:41,710 --> 00:11:45,430
+compared, you know, like the first stanza with the
+
+164
+00:11:45,430 --> 00:11:51,530
+last stanza? Have you? Have you? Actually, I think
+
+165
+00:11:51,530 --> 00:11:54,330
+in the first stanza he used the boss tense when he
+
+166
+00:11:54,330 --> 00:11:59,450
+was pessimistic and very sad. But in the last
+
+167
+00:11:59,450 --> 00:12:03,990
+stanza, he begins dancing with the daffodils. That
+
+168
+00:12:03,990 --> 00:12:07,730
+means the beautiful nature, the beauty of nature
+
+169
+00:12:07,730 --> 00:12:13,410
+changed him from the pessimistic mood to the
+
+170
+00:12:13,410 --> 00:12:17,690
+optimistic mood. Okay, I know you are going to
+
+171
+00:12:17,690 --> 00:12:20,470
+answer this. First of all, when he's talking about
+
+172
+00:12:20,470 --> 00:12:24,650
+the past tense, he's talking about his previous
+
+173
+00:12:24,650 --> 00:12:27,950
+experience when he was working beneath the
+
+174
+00:12:27,950 --> 00:12:30,350
+daffodils, beneath the fields of daffodils. Then
+
+175
+00:12:30,350 --> 00:12:33,870
+after that, when he's talking with the present
+
+176
+00:12:33,870 --> 00:12:38,090
+tense, he's talking about his recollecting of that
+
+177
+00:12:38,090 --> 00:12:41,250
+experience while he was writing his poem. So that
+
+178
+00:12:41,250 --> 00:12:44,980
+suits the tenses in the poem. I don't know, like
+
+179
+00:12:44,980 --> 00:12:47,400
+the present simpletons is very important, like for
+
+180
+00:12:47,400 --> 00:12:51,760
+the romantics, you know? If you remember, like,
+
+181
+00:12:53,000 --> 00:12:56,420
+yeah, yeah, it has to do with permanence, even the
+
+182
+00:12:56,420 --> 00:12:58,740
+Rime of the Ancient Mariner, which is a story is
+
+183
+00:12:58,740 --> 00:13:02,240
+told in the present simpletons. So the present
+
+184
+00:13:02,240 --> 00:13:08,100
+simpletons is a key element in romanticism. You
+
+185
+00:13:08,100 --> 00:13:12,640
+have to look at that. Good. Any other response?
+
+186
+00:13:15,370 --> 00:13:21,610
+Okay, we don't want like, yes? No, pardon? To the
+
+187
+00:13:21,610 --> 00:13:24,810
+poem. Do you have a poetic response to the poem,
+
+188
+00:13:25,030 --> 00:13:28,730
+Jehan? As usual? No, I mean, was it in poetry?
+
+189
+00:13:29,530 --> 00:13:39,770
+Okay. You know, Jehan always likes to versify a
+
+190
+00:13:39,770 --> 00:13:40,190
+response.
+
+191
+00:13:43,890 --> 00:13:46,610
+Okay, I read this. I wandered lonely between my
+
+192
+00:13:46,610 --> 00:13:49,430
+books, this exam, that exams, and research hooks,
+
+193
+00:13:49,770 --> 00:13:52,250
+when all at once I did realize the semester and
+
+194
+00:13:52,250 --> 00:13:54,550
+the class are sweeping away. Daffodil's
+
+195
+00:13:54,550 --> 00:13:57,290
+Wordsworth's pen remarked, a manifestation of
+
+196
+00:13:57,290 --> 00:14:00,790
+romanticism in our books engraved. A revolution it
+
+197
+00:14:00,790 --> 00:14:02,770
+was for nature they pursued, imagination,
+
+198
+00:14:03,150 --> 00:14:05,610
+thoughts, and powerful feelings, to the era they
+
+199
+00:14:05,610 --> 00:14:10,110
+are all supposed to be healings. So, as well, I
+
+200
+00:14:10,110 --> 00:14:12,390
+recollected my thoughts in tranquility as
+
+201
+00:14:12,390 --> 00:14:15,160
+Wordsworth stays. Thank you very much. Again, like
+
+202
+00:14:15,160 --> 00:14:18,300
+she tried to versify this time, but I know like
+
+203
+00:14:18,300 --> 00:14:21,620
+why she doesn't like it because it seems like she
+
+204
+00:14:21,620 --> 00:14:25,220
+was very busy, but it's very good. Okay, I think
+
+205
+00:14:25,220 --> 00:14:30,220
+it's time for Ola to take the floor. She has, you
+
+206
+00:14:30,220 --> 00:14:34,140
+know, the 30 minutes she asked for and good.
+
+207
+00:15:10,730 --> 00:15:11,230
+Okay,
+
+208
+00:15:17,810 --> 00:15:19,750
+good morning everybody. My name is Oana Al
+
+209
+00:15:19,750 --> 00:15:21,910
+-Mashrykh and I'm here today to introduce to you
+
+210
+00:15:21,910 --> 00:15:24,090
+the Daffodils by William Wordsworth.
+
+211
+00:15:27,080 --> 00:15:29,840
+So I will talk about William Wordsworth, then I
+
+212
+00:15:29,840 --> 00:15:31,620
+will talk about the characteristics of William
+
+213
+00:15:31,620 --> 00:15:34,480
+Wordsworth, or especially the poetry of William
+
+214
+00:15:34,480 --> 00:15:37,340
+Wordsworth, then analysis of the poem, then I will
+
+215
+00:15:37,340 --> 00:15:39,440
+talk about the themes, rhyme and rhythm, figures
+
+216
+00:15:39,440 --> 00:15:41,900
+of speech, and finally, I will talk about the
+
+217
+00:15:41,900 --> 00:15:44,180
+characteristics of romanticism applied in this
+
+218
+00:15:44,180 --> 00:15:49,220
+poem. So William Wordsworth was a major English
+
+219
+00:15:49,220 --> 00:15:51,880
+romantic poet who with some multilayered colors
+
+220
+00:15:51,880 --> 00:15:55,170
+wrote that we know of course, helped launch the
+
+221
+00:15:55,170 --> 00:15:58,570
+Romantic Age. They led the Romantic Age, and
+
+222
+00:15:58,570 --> 00:16:01,410
+they're the first poets who wrote about the
+
+223
+00:16:01,410 --> 00:16:04,670
+Romanticism. He wrote, he's the one who wrote the
+
+224
+00:16:04,670 --> 00:16:06,830
+lyrical ballads, which is the collection, a
+
+225
+00:16:06,830 --> 00:16:09,810
+collection of poets, of poems written in a
+
+226
+00:16:09,810 --> 00:16:12,450
+romantic way. The factors that affected his way
+
+227
+00:16:12,450 --> 00:16:15,270
+and thinking that it's the French Revolution and
+
+228
+00:16:15,270 --> 00:16:17,970
+also the Industrial Revolution that we were
+
+229
+00:16:17,970 --> 00:16:20,770
+introduced in the previous lectures. His writings
+
+230
+00:16:20,770 --> 00:16:23,810
+was, his writing was a movement away from those of
+
+231
+00:16:23,810 --> 00:16:26,210
+his peers who wrote especially for educated
+
+232
+00:16:26,210 --> 00:16:30,470
+aristocrats and intellectual elites, that he was
+
+233
+00:16:30,470 --> 00:16:32,590
+writing for the common people, he was writing for
+
+234
+00:16:32,590 --> 00:16:35,190
+the ordinary people in a simple way, in simple
+
+235
+00:16:35,190 --> 00:16:38,870
+words, not like his previous era who were liking,
+
+236
+00:16:39,370 --> 00:16:42,650
+who liked writing for the elites in a very
+
+237
+00:16:42,650 --> 00:16:46,000
+complicated way. Then he wrote this poem, I
+
+238
+00:16:46,000 --> 00:16:49,340
+Wandered Lonely, as a cloud or like some might
+
+239
+00:16:49,340 --> 00:16:53,560
+call it the daffodils while he was working to
+
+240
+00:16:53,560 --> 00:17:00,000
+express his experience when he was working in the
+
+241
+00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:04,880
+place called what? Lake District. It's like a
+
+242
+00:17:04,880 --> 00:17:11,530
+place of many lakes. in Britain, he was working
+
+243
+00:17:11,530 --> 00:17:16,030
+with his sister Dorothy while they came across
+
+244
+00:17:16,030 --> 00:17:19,490
+this field of daffodils. So after two years of
+
+245
+00:17:19,490 --> 00:17:22,510
+this experience, he managed to write this poem
+
+246
+00:17:22,510 --> 00:17:26,590
+that inspired him to write this poem after two
+
+247
+00:17:26,590 --> 00:17:26,910
+years.
+
+248
+00:17:31,770 --> 00:17:34,990
+Yeah, so he like was inspired by her diaries when
+
+249
+00:17:34,990 --> 00:17:38,810
+he read them. Yeah, and there's like many lines,
+
+250
+00:17:39,010 --> 00:17:41,330
+like two lines of this poem was written by his
+
+251
+00:17:41,330 --> 00:17:49,050
+wife, Mary. Yeah, this experience. And he also
+
+252
+00:17:49,050 --> 00:17:52,370
+considered these two lines as of the most
+
+253
+00:17:52,370 --> 00:17:57,590
+beautiful lines in his poem. So he saw this field
+
+254
+00:17:57,590 --> 00:18:01,290
+of daffodils in 1802 and he wrote this poem after
+
+255
+00:18:01,290 --> 00:18:06,710
+two years like might be in 1804. So the
+
+256
+00:18:06,710 --> 00:18:09,970
+characteristics of Wordsworth's poetry was like
+
+257
+00:18:09,970 --> 00:18:13,430
+balance between mind and emotion. In his poems and
+
+258
+00:18:13,430 --> 00:18:16,330
+his poetry, he makes balance between mind and
+
+259
+00:18:16,330 --> 00:18:19,250
+emotion since he considered that poetry is a
+
+260
+00:18:19,250 --> 00:18:23,130
+combination of reason and imagination. Also that
+
+261
+00:18:23,130 --> 00:18:26,230
+poetry is an experience. Poetry is an experience
+
+262
+00:18:26,230 --> 00:18:30,830
+that is aroused in a very simple style themes to
+
+263
+00:18:30,830 --> 00:18:35,750
+introduce his poems to the ordinary and common
+
+264
+00:18:35,750 --> 00:18:39,650
+people. A poet is a teacher, but the difference
+
+265
+00:18:39,650 --> 00:18:43,290
+between the poet and the ordinary teacher that the
+
+266
+00:18:43,290 --> 00:18:46,850
+poet teaches through the medium of pleasure. So he
+
+267
+00:18:46,850 --> 00:18:52,050
+has to please his reader in order to teach him.
+
+268
+00:18:52,900 --> 00:18:56,440
+Yeah, I think you hear why the teaching is by
+
+269
+00:18:56,440 --> 00:18:59,200
+intuition, not by reason. Yeah. Not by
+
+270
+00:18:59,200 --> 00:19:03,320
+rationalization. Exactly. Because, you know, in
+
+271
+00:19:03,320 --> 00:19:07,220
+the ninth classical age, like, poetry was
+
+272
+00:19:07,220 --> 00:19:12,200
+didactic. They were teaching in a very direct way.
+
+273
+00:19:12,600 --> 00:19:15,200
+Like, if you look at Alexander's book, first
+
+274
+00:19:15,200 --> 00:19:17,100
+foreign nature and your judgment
+
+275
+00:19:33,440 --> 00:19:34,340
+Okay, see what I mean?
+
+276
+00:19:37,540 --> 00:19:39,880
+Okay, there is human and nature are topics for
+
+277
+00:19:39,880 --> 00:19:47,200
+romantic poetry. In his poetry, he sees that human
+
+278
+00:19:47,200 --> 00:19:52,800
+is no more neglected as in the previous eras from
+
+279
+00:19:52,800 --> 00:19:58,060
+the new classic poets. And also that the nature
+
+280
+00:19:58,060 --> 00:20:01,280
+also a topic for romantic poetry since nature was
+
+281
+00:20:01,280 --> 00:20:07,280
+neglected in other periods before him. and that
+
+282
+00:20:07,280 --> 00:20:10,260
+nature is opposite to the mechanism and to the
+
+283
+00:20:10,260 --> 00:20:14,120
+corrupted society that was in that, before that
+
+284
+00:20:14,120 --> 00:20:20,180
+time. Revolution-like. He start to regain the lost
+
+285
+00:20:20,180 --> 00:20:23,540
+dignity for human and nature. Yeah. Because nature
+
+286
+00:20:23,540 --> 00:20:27,580
+was abused by the values of the night classic. Man
+
+287
+00:20:27,580 --> 00:20:30,160
+was abused by the values of the night classic. So
+
+288
+00:20:30,160 --> 00:20:34,840
+we're talking about a man who was trying to regain
+
+289
+00:20:34,840 --> 00:20:39,970
+dignity. Then the connection between poet's
+
+290
+00:20:39,970 --> 00:20:44,730
+feelings and ideas. He believed that to convey his
+
+291
+00:20:44,730 --> 00:20:50,170
+message to the reader properly, he should connect
+
+292
+00:20:50,170 --> 00:20:53,870
+between feelings and ideas to express his poetic
+
+293
+00:20:53,870 --> 00:20:57,390
+experience. And finally, the poet is a creative
+
+294
+00:20:57,390 --> 00:21:01,610
+person. is creative, not as the ordinary people
+
+295
+00:21:01,610 --> 00:21:04,530
+that sees everything in an ordinary way. He
+
+296
+00:21:04,530 --> 00:21:07,570
+considers everything like when he wrote the
+
+297
+00:21:07,570 --> 00:21:10,450
+daffodils. When we say that the daffodils are like
+
+298
+00:21:10,450 --> 00:21:13,890
+simple creatures that no one can like give a shit
+
+299
+00:21:13,890 --> 00:21:19,550
+to them. So the poet himself can consider
+
+300
+00:21:19,550 --> 00:21:22,410
+everything as an inspiration for him to write
+
+301
+00:21:22,410 --> 00:21:24,890
+about. It's very good, like the poet is creative
+
+302
+00:21:24,890 --> 00:21:28,690
+because you know, The poets of the, you know, 18th
+
+303
+00:21:28,690 --> 00:21:30,790
+century in the United States were imitating
+
+304
+00:21:30,790 --> 00:21:35,010
+nature. Were imitating nature. You remember
+
+305
+00:21:35,010 --> 00:21:37,510
+Dryden? You know, art is an imitation. You
+
+306
+00:21:37,510 --> 00:21:41,190
+remember Alexander Poe? All of them were imitating
+
+307
+00:21:41,190 --> 00:21:45,950
+for the sake of teaching and delight. Here, like
+
+308
+00:21:45,950 --> 00:21:50,570
+he's creating, is he creating nature? No. What is
+
+309
+00:21:50,570 --> 00:21:54,150
+he creating? He's creating like feelings toward
+
+310
+00:21:54,150 --> 00:21:57,850
+nature. I don't know, like, he might be creating a
+
+311
+00:21:57,850 --> 00:22:00,890
+new nature, you know, because this is more... Like
+
+312
+00:22:00,890 --> 00:22:05,070
+visualizing and like, uh-huh, so personifying. Now
+
+313
+00:22:05,070 --> 00:22:07,810
+I will take you in a very small journey to the
+
+314
+00:22:07,810 --> 00:22:11,310
+place where Wordsworth found this field of
+
+315
+00:22:11,310 --> 00:22:15,110
+daffodils in Lake District or Jersme.
+
+316
+00:22:18,490 --> 00:22:24,130
+We'll travel from our university to that place. To
+
+317
+00:22:24,130 --> 00:22:28,410
+the dove cottage? Yeah, to the doctor. It doesn't
+
+318
+00:22:28,410 --> 00:22:28,770
+work.
+
+319
+00:22:32,350 --> 00:22:36,910
+No, it doesn't work. I don't know why.
+
+320
+00:22:41,250 --> 00:22:42,410
+It works on my laptop.
+
+321
+00:22:47,470 --> 00:22:50,350
+Maybe because it's this...
+
+322
+00:22:55,950 --> 00:22:58,110
+I have a song, this song, it doesn't work here.
+
+323
+00:22:58,110 --> 00:23:01,030
+Yeah, and I have... You have a song? I have also,
+
+324
+00:23:01,090 --> 00:23:04,090
+I have also about, I have also. Okay. It's just,
+
+325
+00:23:04,630 --> 00:23:08,010
+it doesn't work here. No problem. Can you give me
+
+326
+00:23:08,010 --> 00:23:12,490
+more, like... Start from there, it's the song,
+
+327
+00:23:12,610 --> 00:23:15,230
+yes? No, it's not the song. It's a journey, then
+
+328
+00:23:15,230 --> 00:23:17,890
+after it will be the song. Okay, you know, like
+
+329
+00:23:17,890 --> 00:23:22,550
+imagine that you came to the, like, big district.
+
+330
+00:23:22,990 --> 00:23:25,810
+I was there myself. Tell me why it doesn't work.
+
+331
+00:23:27,790 --> 00:23:32,470
+And I had some time to sit on the couch, which is
+
+332
+00:23:32,470 --> 00:23:34,990
+mentioned in the poem. In fact, the scene is very
+
+333
+00:23:34,990 --> 00:23:38,030
+captivating. You know, the lake area is a mountain
+
+334
+00:23:38,030 --> 00:23:41,090
+surrounded by, sorry, it's a lake surrounded by
+
+335
+00:23:41,090 --> 00:23:44,930
+areas and by a lot of beautiful daffodils around
+
+336
+00:23:44,930 --> 00:23:48,450
+the bay. So, I mean, the scene was very
+
+337
+00:23:48,450 --> 00:23:52,130
+fascinating. So, next time I'll be showing them
+
+338
+00:23:52,130 --> 00:23:54,990
+the scene. You just start the poem, go ahead.
+
+339
+00:23:55,090 --> 00:24:01,450
+Okay. Because we're running out of time. In the
+
+340
+00:24:01,450 --> 00:24:05,250
+first stanza... In the first stanza, I wandered
+
+341
+00:24:05,250 --> 00:24:08,350
+alone... I just want a girl to read this stanza.
+
+342
+00:24:08,890 --> 00:24:13,130
+Because we have no, like, reader. Who wants to
+
+343
+00:24:13,130 --> 00:24:20,670
+read? I wandered lonely as a dove. Come on. Come
+
+344
+00:24:20,670 --> 00:24:23,080
+on, Jihan. Yeah.
+
+345
+00:24:25,460 --> 00:24:29,120
+I wandered lonely as a cloud that floats on high
+
+346
+00:24:29,120 --> 00:24:33,720
+over vales and hills. Could you raise your? I
+
+347
+00:24:33,720 --> 00:24:36,880
+wandered lonely as a cloud that floats on high
+
+348
+00:24:36,880 --> 00:24:40,280
+over vales and hills, when all at once I saw a
+
+349
+00:24:40,280 --> 00:24:44,060
+crowd, a host of golden daffodils, beside the lake
+
+350
+00:24:44,060 --> 00:24:46,880
+beneath the trees, fluttering and dancing in the
+
+351
+00:24:46,880 --> 00:24:50,480
+breeze, continuous as the stars that shine and
+
+352
+00:24:50,480 --> 00:24:53,760
+twinkle in the milky way. They stretch a never
+
+353
+00:24:53,760 --> 00:24:57,640
+-ending line along the margin of a bay. Ten
+
+354
+00:24:57,640 --> 00:25:01,280
+thousand saw I advance, tossing their heads in
+
+355
+00:25:01,280 --> 00:25:05,220
+spirited dance. The waves beside them danced, but
+
+356
+00:25:05,220 --> 00:25:08,860
+they outdid the sparkling leaves in glee. A poet
+
+357
+00:25:08,860 --> 00:25:13,520
+could not but be gay, be but gay. It's the most
+
+358
+00:25:13,520 --> 00:25:17,660
+difficult line. A poet could not but be gay in
+
+359
+00:25:17,660 --> 00:25:21,120
+such a joke on company. Company. Yeah, not
+
+360
+00:25:21,120 --> 00:25:25,900
+company. because you know me right. Yeah. Yeah. I
+
+361
+00:25:25,900 --> 00:25:29,020
+gazed and gazed, but little thought what wealth
+
+362
+00:25:29,020 --> 00:25:32,800
+this show to me had brought. For oft when on my
+
+363
+00:25:32,800 --> 00:25:36,240
+couch I lie in vacant or intensive mood, they
+
+364
+00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:39,520
+flash upon that inward eye, which is the bliss of
+
+365
+00:25:39,520 --> 00:25:42,780
+solitude, and then my heart will play the bells
+
+366
+00:25:42,780 --> 00:25:45,180
+and dances with the daffodils. Yeah, thank you
+
+367
+00:25:45,180 --> 00:25:49,100
+very much. Yeah, thank you. Like, I think, you
+
+368
+00:25:49,100 --> 00:25:52,220
+know, you can read it better, you know. I'm not
+
+369
+00:25:52,220 --> 00:25:55,140
+good at research. No, no, no. Like it should be,
+
+370
+00:25:55,300 --> 00:25:58,640
+you know, like when you say like, I don't know,
+
+371
+00:25:58,700 --> 00:26:01,600
+you can bring, I wandered lonely as a cloud, like
+
+372
+00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:05,460
+this is very, I wandered lonely as a cloud that's
+
+373
+00:26:05,460 --> 00:26:07,820
+close over the vales and hills.
+
+374
+00:26:24,590 --> 00:26:27,930
+You all hear it? Because the poet started to
+
+375
+00:26:27,930 --> 00:26:30,850
+interact with nature. You guys see what I mean?
+
+376
+00:26:31,190 --> 00:26:31,610
+Good.
+
+377
+00:26:35,350 --> 00:26:38,670
+So in this stanza, the poet expresses his life
+
+378
+00:26:38,670 --> 00:26:41,310
+experience with his sister while they were walking
+
+379
+00:26:41,310 --> 00:26:44,390
+beneath the fields, and they came across this
+
+380
+00:26:44,390 --> 00:26:48,610
+field of daffodils. These fields of daffodils were
+
+381
+00:26:48,610 --> 00:26:50,990
+like a huge field.
+
+382
+00:26:52,790 --> 00:26:55,950
+And the first, from the first, from the very
+
+383
+00:26:55,950 --> 00:26:59,410
+beginning of this stanza, he was like, he was like
+
+384
+00:26:59,410 --> 00:27:03,730
+a lonely, lonely as a cloud. And this, that it
+
+385
+00:27:03,730 --> 00:27:06,390
+loots on, that it loots on high over vales and
+
+386
+00:27:06,390 --> 00:27:09,330
+hills, when all at once I saw a crowd, a host of
+
+387
+00:27:09,330 --> 00:27:12,250
+golden daffodils. So it might be like a
+
+388
+00:27:12,250 --> 00:27:16,210
+description for the field of daffodils, that it's
+
+389
+00:27:16,210 --> 00:27:19,570
+like golden daffodils, the yellow color of the
+
+390
+00:27:19,570 --> 00:27:22,880
+flowers. beside the lake beneath the trees, that
+
+391
+00:27:22,880 --> 00:27:26,660
+all these daffodils along the shore of the lake
+
+392
+00:27:26,660 --> 00:27:30,220
+were stretches because of the huge number of them,
+
+393
+00:27:30,500 --> 00:27:33,280
+fluttering and dancing in the breeze, like they
+
+394
+00:27:33,280 --> 00:27:35,860
+were dancing and fluttering in a very cheerful
+
+395
+00:27:35,860 --> 00:27:38,520
+way, that they were very happy because of the
+
+396
+00:27:38,520 --> 00:27:45,860
+nature. So they... The parent might mean in this
+
+397
+00:27:45,860 --> 00:27:50,140
+stanza that he wants us to express the disconnect
+
+398
+00:27:50,140 --> 00:27:53,820
+and the dispassionate way that we all live in our
+
+399
+00:27:53,820 --> 00:27:57,500
+lives. That we have like no aim in our life. We
+
+400
+00:27:57,500 --> 00:28:01,420
+are aimless people. So the nature is like an
+
+401
+00:28:01,420 --> 00:28:04,680
+inspiration for us. So we are like away from the
+
+402
+00:28:04,680 --> 00:28:09,290
+nature. Yeah, this sounds like you know he's a
+
+403
+00:28:09,290 --> 00:28:12,170
+pantheist yeah I don't think he was a pantheist
+
+404
+00:28:12,170 --> 00:28:15,610
+but this shows like how now here he's celebrating
+
+405
+00:28:15,610 --> 00:28:19,790
+nature yes he's wandering and you know why he was
+
+406
+00:28:19,790 --> 00:28:22,810
+wandering like wandering here he was wandering
+
+407
+00:28:22,810 --> 00:28:25,690
+lonely it means he was suffering from loneliness
+
+408
+00:28:25,690 --> 00:28:29,210
+yes and we like in the previous lecture we
+
+409
+00:28:29,210 --> 00:28:34,280
+understood that loneliness was as a As a result of
+
+410
+00:28:34,280 --> 00:28:37,160
+all the abuses of the classical age, the
+
+411
+00:28:37,160 --> 00:28:40,420
+industrial revolution, man was rejected because
+
+412
+00:28:40,420 --> 00:28:44,220
+man lost his dignity. But you know, you see he's
+
+413
+00:28:44,220 --> 00:28:46,340
+celebrating nature here. I like the way when you
+
+414
+00:28:46,340 --> 00:28:49,300
+say nature is huge. There is a celebration of
+
+415
+00:28:49,300 --> 00:28:53,740
+nature. How nature is distinguished here? Why is
+
+416
+00:28:53,740 --> 00:28:57,180
+he celebrating nature here? Like look here, if you
+
+417
+00:28:57,180 --> 00:29:01,200
+look, it is a crowd and then it becomes a host. So
+
+418
+00:29:01,200 --> 00:29:04,770
+look. The way he gradually, you know, starts to
+
+419
+00:29:04,770 --> 00:29:08,670
+perceive nature. He is not static. You know, he
+
+420
+00:29:08,670 --> 00:29:10,910
+was lonely. He saw a crowd and the crowd
+
+421
+00:29:10,910 --> 00:29:14,650
+contradicts with lonely. Then this crowd is a
+
+422
+00:29:14,650 --> 00:29:18,090
+host. And you know what a host has all the
+
+423
+00:29:18,090 --> 00:29:22,130
+positive connotation. A host means hospitality. A
+
+424
+00:29:22,130 --> 00:29:25,890
+host means love, respect, you know, all of this
+
+425
+00:29:25,890 --> 00:29:31,170
+compassion. And then beside, as she said, they are
+
+426
+00:29:31,170 --> 00:29:36,130
+huge. beneath the trees, fluttering and dancing in
+
+427
+00:29:36,130 --> 00:29:39,670
+the breeze. You see? They are everywhere. Like
+
+428
+00:29:39,670 --> 00:29:45,130
+they are, you know, ample. You must be ample? A
+
+429
+00:29:45,130 --> 00:29:49,650
+lot. So he celebrates the vastness of nature.
+
+430
+00:29:50,550 --> 00:29:54,710
+Nature is very vast. Nature is huge. Nature is not
+
+431
+00:29:54,710 --> 00:29:57,490
+a little thing. Nature is not just small animals.
+
+432
+00:29:58,290 --> 00:30:01,690
+Nature is more than this, okay? And so regarding
+
+433
+00:30:01,690 --> 00:30:04,450
+the word lonely as a cloud, as like most people
+
+434
+00:30:04,450 --> 00:30:07,770
+are floating on the miles above the nature, miles
+
+435
+00:30:07,770 --> 00:30:14,370
+above the real nature, and they like missing a lot
+
+436
+00:30:14,370 --> 00:30:19,130
+of things, like they are missing the quiet virtues
+
+437
+00:30:19,130 --> 00:30:22,990
+of nature, of the beauty, and of many
+
+438
+00:30:22,990 --> 00:30:26,950
+characteristics of, or of many sources of
+
+439
+00:30:26,950 --> 00:30:30,810
+emotional and spiritual nourishment. So when
+
+440
+00:30:30,810 --> 00:30:34,110
+people are away of the nature, they are missing a
+
+441
+00:30:34,110 --> 00:30:38,170
+lot of things, like he said. And this stands, it's
+
+442
+00:30:38,170 --> 00:30:40,630
+like all it's about like description or
+
+443
+00:30:40,630 --> 00:30:44,450
+description, especially description of the field
+
+444
+00:30:44,450 --> 00:30:47,670
+of the daffodils, that it's continuous as the
+
+445
+00:30:47,670 --> 00:30:50,810
+stars that shine and twinkle on the Milky Way. We
+
+446
+00:30:50,810 --> 00:30:53,830
+know that the Milky Way is the name of our galaxy,
+
+447
+00:30:53,970 --> 00:30:56,780
+that we live in. So he's like comparing the
+
+448
+00:30:56,780 --> 00:31:01,480
+daffodils with the stars, that he's comparing the
+
+449
+00:31:01,480 --> 00:31:04,160
+daffodils procession with the eternity of the
+
+450
+00:31:04,160 --> 00:31:07,140
+stars, that he is also making, that he also
+
+451
+00:31:07,140 --> 00:31:11,420
+creating a link between the daffodils and the
+
+452
+00:31:11,420 --> 00:31:14,620
+stars, or he's like creating a link between the
+
+453
+00:31:14,620 --> 00:31:17,280
+nature and the universe. So this
+
+454
+00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:32,020
+In a phenomenon. It is not only an earthly
+
+455
+00:31:32,020 --> 00:31:36,680
+phenomenon, okay? They structured a never-ending
+
+456
+00:31:36,680 --> 00:31:39,880
+line along the margin of a bay. Ten thousand saw
+
+457
+00:31:39,880 --> 00:31:42,740
+Ayatollahs tossing their heads in sparsely dance.
+
+458
+00:31:43,100 --> 00:31:46,340
+So here like he's expressing the number of the
+
+459
+00:31:46,340 --> 00:31:49,540
+daffodils like they are never-ending line. There's
+
+460
+00:31:49,540 --> 00:31:51,700
+a huge number of daffodils in this field.
+
+461
+00:32:04,270 --> 00:32:06,670
+And that's why, you know, so it should be written
+
+462
+00:32:06,670 --> 00:32:11,710
+this way. They snatched it. Along the margin of
+
+463
+00:32:11,710 --> 00:32:17,930
+the daily. And then, 10,000. So I. So I, what did
+
+464
+00:32:17,930 --> 00:32:23,770
+I say? So I. Anastrophe. I don't know why. What
+
+465
+00:32:23,770 --> 00:32:25,970
+are you doing? I'm just like wanting to do
+
+466
+00:32:25,970 --> 00:32:29,910
+something. So I. So I. So I. Yeah, I know, but
+
+467
+00:32:29,910 --> 00:32:34,550
+why? Why is this converging? Forget about what
+
+468
+00:32:34,550 --> 00:32:43,490
+anyone would like to do. Ten thousand
+
+469
+00:32:43,490 --> 00:32:48,810
+saw I at a glance to sink their heads in a
+
+470
+00:32:48,810 --> 00:32:52,780
+sprightly dance. I like the IMG, I like the
+
+471
+00:32:52,780 --> 00:32:55,300
+tossing. It's like humanizing the daffodils, like
+
+472
+00:32:55,300 --> 00:32:58,480
+they are like human beings that are dancing and
+
+473
+00:32:58,480 --> 00:33:03,200
+like tossing their heads. So it's like visualizing
+
+474
+00:33:03,200 --> 00:33:07,360
+the experience, like he is like the reader to
+
+475
+00:33:07,360 --> 00:33:11,260
+share his experience with him and to imagine the
+
+476
+00:33:11,260 --> 00:33:14,240
+whole experience, the whole field of daffodils and
+
+477
+00:33:14,240 --> 00:33:19,020
+why the poet decided to write about this field.
+
+478
+00:33:20,800 --> 00:33:24,400
+The waves beside them dance, but they outdid the
+
+479
+00:33:24,400 --> 00:33:27,000
+sparkling waves in glee. A poet could not but be
+
+480
+00:33:27,000 --> 00:33:30,920
+gay. Like he's comparing between the troubling,
+
+481
+00:33:31,240 --> 00:33:35,440
+the rumbling waves that are sparkling beside the
+
+482
+00:33:35,440 --> 00:33:41,280
+field of daffodils and then And then that he is
+
+483
+00:33:41,280 --> 00:33:44,640
+saying that the field of daffodils outdo like he,
+
+484
+00:33:45,160 --> 00:33:48,880
+the daffodils defeated the rebelling waves in
+
+485
+00:33:48,880 --> 00:33:52,640
+their like movement and dancing. So that this
+
+486
+00:33:52,640 --> 00:33:56,860
+field of daffodils is like more amazing than
+
+487
+00:33:56,860 --> 00:33:59,740
+anything in this nature. And then a poet could not
+
+488
+00:33:59,740 --> 00:34:02,480
+but be gay in such a joking company. And at that
+
+489
+00:34:02,480 --> 00:34:05,360
+time of that experience before two years, He was
+
+490
+00:34:05,360 --> 00:34:08,660
+like, he was of course cheerful and like gleeful,
+
+491
+00:34:09,040 --> 00:34:13,740
+but to not that extent that he like was while he
+
+492
+00:34:13,740 --> 00:34:16,160
+was writing his poem. Like he was very cheerful,
+
+493
+00:34:16,620 --> 00:34:21,750
+but he didn't appreciate the nature. But after two
+
+494
+00:34:21,750 --> 00:34:24,410
+years, he didn't appreciate the scene before him
+
+495
+00:34:24,410 --> 00:34:27,930
+while he was working with his sister. And after
+
+496
+00:34:27,930 --> 00:34:31,770
+two years, he appreciated this scene more and more
+
+497
+00:34:31,770 --> 00:34:35,130
+and started to write this scene in his poetry. Can
+
+498
+00:34:35,130 --> 00:34:38,530
+I ask a question? Why did he say a man could not
+
+499
+00:34:38,530 --> 00:34:41,270
+but be just gay? Why did he say a poet in
+
+500
+00:34:41,270 --> 00:34:46,070
+particular? Can I answer? Okay, yes. Because an
+
+501
+00:34:46,070 --> 00:34:48,690
+ordinary man cannot notice this cheerful or
+
+502
+00:34:48,690 --> 00:34:52,630
+playful field of daffodils like the poet. The poet
+
+503
+00:34:52,630 --> 00:34:55,490
+is very sensitive that he can notice anything in
+
+504
+00:34:55,490 --> 00:34:57,950
+nature and he can be like touched. But we can
+
+505
+00:34:57,950 --> 00:35:02,410
+notice everything in nature as well. But we cannot
+
+506
+00:35:02,410 --> 00:35:06,010
+be touched. Why a poet could not but be just gay?
+
+507
+00:35:07,050 --> 00:35:09,210
+Because he's more sensitive than ordinary people.
+
+508
+00:35:09,210 --> 00:35:14,510
+Okay. More sensitive than you. He's more
+
+509
+00:35:14,510 --> 00:35:18,870
+sensitive. He has a higher sensation. Teacher,
+
+510
+00:35:19,630 --> 00:35:21,690
+like, the daffodils cannot touch our hearts like
+
+511
+00:35:21,690 --> 00:35:23,870
+this, in this way. No, they can touch, you know.
+
+512
+00:35:23,970 --> 00:35:26,130
+No. You see the daffodils, oh my God, they're
+
+513
+00:35:26,130 --> 00:35:27,370
+loving you, they like you. There are many
+
+514
+00:35:27,370 --> 00:35:30,250
+daffodils in the street and we never give like a
+
+515
+00:35:30,250 --> 00:35:32,670
+glance to them. Yeah. But there's like the boat,
+
+516
+00:35:32,790 --> 00:35:36,420
+it's very sensitive, he likes it a lot. We might
+
+517
+00:35:36,420 --> 00:35:38,420
+sometimes, we have. We don't have that. Like
+
+518
+00:35:38,420 --> 00:35:41,440
+little, like. No, we don't have that. We have, why
+
+519
+00:35:41,440 --> 00:35:43,960
+not? No, no, no, we don't. It's very ordinary,
+
+520
+00:35:44,120 --> 00:35:46,820
+like flower. You know, what are the levels? They
+
+521
+00:35:46,820 --> 00:35:50,520
+are, we don't have these flowers that we can think
+
+522
+00:35:50,520 --> 00:35:53,820
+of. It depends on the sphere. It depends on the
+
+523
+00:35:53,820 --> 00:35:58,160
+sphere. He means about, especially about romantic
+
+524
+00:35:58,160 --> 00:36:02,080
+feeling. That he feel the atmosphere around him,
+
+525
+00:36:02,320 --> 00:36:04,680
+he should be happy in this aspect of the sphere.
+
+526
+00:36:07,520 --> 00:36:12,280
+Yes, in fact, like, why would a housewife be happy
+
+527
+00:36:12,280 --> 00:36:15,900
+in the kitchen? Because when she has all the
+
+528
+00:36:15,900 --> 00:36:18,820
+ingredients for cooking, she would be happy. You
+
+529
+00:36:18,820 --> 00:36:23,440
+know? Here, like a poet is having all the elements
+
+530
+00:36:23,440 --> 00:36:28,360
+of creativity. Of creativity. Like he can, you
+
+531
+00:36:28,360 --> 00:36:32,380
+know, create now. Why? Because he has everything
+
+532
+00:36:32,380 --> 00:36:35,690
+in front of him. A poet could not but be gay,
+
+533
+00:36:36,130 --> 00:36:39,110
+could not but, you know, but be gay, like accept.
+
+534
+00:36:39,470 --> 00:36:41,910
+He has nothing to do except being happy. Why?
+
+535
+00:36:42,030 --> 00:36:45,110
+Because this is his chance, this is his
+
+536
+00:36:45,110 --> 00:36:50,200
+opportunity to create. Okay? Okay. I gazed and
+
+537
+00:36:50,200 --> 00:36:53,120
+gazed but little thought what wealth to show to me
+
+538
+00:36:53,120 --> 00:36:56,160
+had brought he's just like wondering how like this
+
+539
+00:36:56,160 --> 00:36:58,800
+amazing field has like touched his heart and
+
+540
+00:36:58,800 --> 00:37:03,660
+touches emotions by uh so and after that we have
+
+541
+00:37:03,660 --> 00:37:07,600
+this fourth stanza for off twin on my couch I lie
+
+542
+00:37:07,600 --> 00:37:11,710
+so this is like uh and recollecting of his
+
+543
+00:37:11,710 --> 00:37:15,950
+emotions. The first three stanzas was about his
+
+544
+00:37:15,950 --> 00:37:18,970
+experience in the past and the first stanza he was
+
+545
+00:37:18,970 --> 00:37:22,030
+recollecting when he was studying the definition
+
+546
+00:37:22,030 --> 00:37:25,990
+of poetry by William Wordsworth that poetry is a
+
+547
+00:37:25,990 --> 00:37:28,410
+spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings
+
+548
+00:37:28,410 --> 00:37:31,570
+recollected in tranquility. So here he applies
+
+549
+00:37:31,570 --> 00:37:36,380
+this definition in his poem, like when he was in
+
+550
+00:37:36,380 --> 00:37:39,580
+tranquility on his couch, on his couch with a
+
+551
+00:37:39,580 --> 00:37:42,820
+pensive and vacant and relaxed mood, he
+
+552
+00:37:42,820 --> 00:37:45,100
+recollected all that experience that happened
+
+553
+00:37:45,100 --> 00:37:48,000
+before two years and he started writing about this
+
+554
+00:37:48,000 --> 00:37:50,700
+experience in his poetry that flashed upon that
+
+555
+00:37:50,700 --> 00:37:54,440
+inward eye, that it flashed in the poet himself,
+
+556
+00:37:54,920 --> 00:37:57,980
+in the memory of the poet, which is a bliss of
+
+557
+00:37:57,980 --> 00:38:02,400
+solitude. So this recollecting and writing is a
+
+558
+00:38:02,400 --> 00:38:06,240
+bliss of solitude. Because he was alone with
+
+559
+00:38:06,240 --> 00:38:08,800
+himself on his couch, lying on his couch, he
+
+560
+00:38:08,800 --> 00:38:10,960
+started remembering and recollecting that
+
+561
+00:38:10,960 --> 00:38:13,680
+experience. And then my heart with pleasure fills
+
+562
+00:38:13,680 --> 00:38:16,340
+and dances with the daffodil. So when he was
+
+563
+00:38:16,340 --> 00:38:19,740
+retrieving a memory of that experience, He felt
+
+564
+00:38:19,740 --> 00:38:23,300
+very happy, he felt cheerful, delightful, gleeful,
+
+565
+00:38:23,660 --> 00:38:26,980
+because at that time, he was dancing with the
+
+566
+00:38:26,980 --> 00:38:31,880
+daffodils. So the experience started, so that
+
+567
+00:38:31,880 --> 00:38:35,280
+experience that happened before two years remains
+
+568
+00:38:35,280 --> 00:38:39,180
+with the poet after two years. And he also
+
+569
+00:38:39,180 --> 00:38:43,200
+remembered that life, it was happening at this
+
+570
+00:38:43,200 --> 00:38:46,140
+time. It's a replica of the same image, but this
+
+571
+00:38:46,140 --> 00:38:48,860
+is the question. Like the image of the daffodils
+
+572
+00:38:48,860 --> 00:38:51,900
+he stored in his mind. Yeah. Now when they flash,
+
+573
+00:38:52,540 --> 00:38:56,380
+was it the same image or was it a reconstructed
+
+574
+00:38:56,380 --> 00:38:59,600
+image in his mind? It was a reconstructed image.
+
+575
+00:38:59,680 --> 00:39:01,260
+It was a reconstructed image. Yeah, for sure. It
+
+576
+00:39:01,260 --> 00:39:05,140
+was a reconstructed image saved in his mind. More
+
+577
+00:39:05,140 --> 00:39:08,680
+amazing also. So when he sits in a pensive, you
+
+578
+00:39:08,680 --> 00:39:13,620
+know, or vacant like pool, they just like come
+
+579
+00:39:13,620 --> 00:39:15,980
+like this. Yeah, flashing. And he's happy again.
+
+580
+00:39:16,930 --> 00:39:20,510
+Look how nature is valuable. But nature is not on
+
+581
+00:39:20,510 --> 00:39:26,070
+its own. Nature, you know, with the bliss of
+
+582
+00:39:26,070 --> 00:39:28,870
+solitude, which is what? What is the bliss of
+
+583
+00:39:28,870 --> 00:39:36,390
+solitude here? It is the inward I. It is the
+
+584
+00:39:36,390 --> 00:39:39,570
+inward I, which is the bliss of solitude. What is
+
+585
+00:39:39,570 --> 00:39:45,230
+the inward I? It is the imagination. It is the
+
+586
+00:39:45,230 --> 00:39:48,810
+memory. the poetic imagination, the inward I. It
+
+587
+00:39:48,810 --> 00:39:52,530
+is this powerful faculty which succeeded in
+
+588
+00:39:52,530 --> 00:39:56,570
+reconstructing, you know, the whole experience and
+
+589
+00:39:56,570 --> 00:40:00,450
+stored it in the poet's mind. So this is a
+
+590
+00:40:00,450 --> 00:40:04,710
+valuable experience man can again dance with
+
+591
+00:40:04,710 --> 00:40:08,500
+nature, you know, behave with nature. Now
+
+592
+00:40:08,500 --> 00:40:12,240
+regarding the theme, it might be about the value
+
+593
+00:40:12,240 --> 00:40:14,440
+of nature, that there are many considered themes,
+
+594
+00:40:14,560 --> 00:40:17,380
+but I will focus on this theme, the value of
+
+595
+00:40:17,380 --> 00:40:22,860
+nature. We for sure know that beauty is like a
+
+596
+00:40:22,860 --> 00:40:27,020
+simple creature, it's like a simple creature that
+
+597
+00:40:27,020 --> 00:40:30,500
+gives pleasures to anyone. So also the beauty of
+
+598
+00:40:30,500 --> 00:40:35,860
+nature that everyone can also can always like feel
+
+599
+00:40:35,860 --> 00:40:38,320
+in this heart and can always carry in this heart
+
+600
+00:40:38,320 --> 00:40:42,360
+for for like many years. And so when Hertzworth
+
+601
+00:40:42,360 --> 00:40:46,600
+like came across this field of daffodils, he felt
+
+602
+00:40:46,600 --> 00:40:50,550
+pleased. And he felt excited. And he felt that
+
+603
+00:40:50,550 --> 00:40:54,090
+he's like a part of the nature, like he's dancing
+
+604
+00:40:54,090 --> 00:40:56,870
+with the daffodils in the breeze. So when the
+
+605
+00:40:56,870 --> 00:41:00,930
+scene flashed back in his mind or his memory, he
+
+606
+00:41:00,930 --> 00:41:04,810
+also felt that he's dancing in the same way that
+
+607
+00:41:04,810 --> 00:41:07,310
+the daffodils were dancing before two years. He
+
+608
+00:41:07,310 --> 00:41:09,710
+started to feel that he's a part of nature. So he
+
+609
+00:41:09,710 --> 00:41:12,170
+started fluttering, dancing in a very cheerful
+
+610
+00:41:12,170 --> 00:41:16,390
+way. So simple pleasures can cure a lonely heart,
+
+611
+00:41:16,770 --> 00:41:20,090
+can make one happy. Sometimes you just have to
+
+612
+00:41:20,090 --> 00:41:23,750
+look around, slow down. Don't be too catch up with
+
+613
+00:41:23,750 --> 00:41:26,210
+the pace of the busy. Simple pleasurable
+
+614
+00:41:26,210 --> 00:41:31,870
+experience. Don't be worrying about every trivial
+
+615
+00:41:31,870 --> 00:41:35,750
+thing in your world. Just be relaxed and consider
+
+616
+00:41:35,750 --> 00:41:41,510
+everything happy in your world. Is man rich? How
+
+617
+00:41:41,510 --> 00:41:47,270
+is man rich? by nature by nature by this happy
+
+618
+00:41:47,270 --> 00:41:51,170
+feeling this is power this is you know potential
+
+619
+00:41:51,170 --> 00:41:54,530
+which is like a potential of creativity man can
+
+620
+00:41:54,530 --> 00:42:00,030
+create man is positive man is not you know like a
+
+621
+00:42:00,030 --> 00:42:04,790
+machine or you know man has the initiative has the
+
+622
+00:42:04,790 --> 00:42:09,430
+imagination man is dignified so like here in this
+
+623
+00:42:09,430 --> 00:42:12,300
+poem you can say it's about man's dignity because
+
+624
+00:42:12,300 --> 00:42:16,280
+of his power of imagination i'll talk about okay i
+
+625
+00:42:16,280 --> 00:42:19,020
+know like you won't be able so we can leave this i
+
+626
+00:42:19,020 --> 00:42:22,520
+will just watch next time okay yeah next time you
+
+627
+00:42:22,520 --> 00:42:25,140
+just leave it and i can also organize the other
+
+628
+00:42:25,140 --> 00:42:29,500
+missing things yes okay okay thank you i can like
+
+629
+00:42:29,500 --> 00:42:32,600
+explain it next time thank you very much for uh
+
+630
+00:42:32,600 --> 00:42:37,020
+listening thank you hola i know it was uh you know
+
+631
+00:42:37,020 --> 00:42:41,640
+a wonderful job thank you you tried uh like to do
+
+632
+00:42:41,640 --> 00:42:45,660
+your best to capture the spirit of the poem. I
+
+633
+00:42:45,660 --> 00:42:48,240
+know you wanted us to listen to the song, but next
+
+634
+00:42:48,240 --> 00:42:52,660
+time I will arrange the song very well. Next time
+
+635
+00:42:52,660 --> 00:42:56,340
+we're continuing explaining the devils, you know,
+
+636
+00:42:56,400 --> 00:43:00,460
+I'll be like taking part. And next week we'll
+
+637
+00:43:00,460 --> 00:43:05,720
+continue, I think with Victoria, you know. Thank
+
+638
+00:43:05,720 --> 00:43:06,220
+you very much.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/ZvXDttTpKh8.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1501 @@
+
+1
+00:00:10,320 --> 00:00:13,700
+Good. It's nice to see you again today for another
+
+2
+00:00:13,700 --> 00:00:18,920
+poetry class. I think, you know, now you have 
+
+3
+00:00:18,920 --> 00:00:22,440
+started to change your mind about poetry. Yes. 
+
+4
+00:00:25,580 --> 00:00:28,320
+You are getting more interested in poetry. But
+
+5
+00:00:28,320 --> 00:00:31,600
+still, I believe you are having some hurdles, some 
+
+6
+00:00:31,600 --> 00:00:35,640
+problems. I think by hard work, by perseverance, 
+
+7
+00:00:36,140 --> 00:00:39,580
+you're going to overcome these hurdles. Okay, 
+
+8
+00:00:39,680 --> 00:00:44,920
+today our meeting will be dedicated to Sydney. But
+
+9
+00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:47,560
+the class will be like this. I'm going to listen 
+
+10
+00:00:47,560 --> 00:00:53,420
+to one or two reports. Then like a response or 
+
+11
+00:00:53,420 --> 00:00:57,550
+two. Later, I'll be eliciting your responses, all 
+
+12
+00:00:57,550 --> 00:01:01,290
+of you. Then I'll have a go about 15 minutes on
+
+13
+00:01:01,290 --> 00:01:04,870
+the poem. And finally, I'll get you to write a
+
+14
+00:01:04,870 --> 00:01:07,950
+critique, an initial critique of the poem. So I'll 
+
+15
+00:01:07,950 --> 00:01:11,730
+be leaving you to write this critique. And that's 
+
+16
+00:01:11,730 --> 00:01:15,710
+it for today. So let's start. Yes, you are willing
+
+17
+00:01:15,710 --> 00:01:18,730
+to read. Is it the first time you're reading?
+
+18
+00:01:19,530 --> 00:01:23,100
+Okay, good. You know, I like the idea, like, a lot
+
+19
+00:01:23,100 --> 00:01:25,960
+of students yesterday, many, many students, you 
+
+20
+00:01:25,960 --> 00:01:28,200
+know, were willing to read the reports. And this 
+
+21
+00:01:28,200 --> 00:01:31,120
+is a good indication that they started to like the 
+
+22
+00:01:31,120 --> 00:01:34,470
+reports. Okay. Time passed quickly, passed 
+
+23
+00:01:34,470 --> 00:01:36,890
+quickly. We are in the fourth week at the 
+
+24
+00:01:36,890 --> 00:01:39,850
+university. The teacher finished explaining four 
+
+25
+00:01:39,850 --> 00:01:43,010
+poems, the last poem, which is Litany. He 
+
+26
+00:01:43,010 --> 00:01:48,710
+explained each stanza, and he explains all figures 
+
+27
+00:01:48,710 --> 00:01:51,530
+of speech. Then the assistant, Amal, began to 
+
+28
+00:01:51,530 --> 00:01:54,930
+explain the sound, rhyme, and rhythm. She used the
+
+29
+00:01:54,930 --> 00:01:58,330
+lab and began to explain. The girls enjoyed her 
+
+30
+00:01:58,330 --> 00:02:01,830
+explanation. Finally, the teacher asked students to 
+
+31
+00:02:01,830 --> 00:02:05,090
+prepare the next poem well, and write a report for
+
+32
+00:02:05,090 --> 00:02:07,290
+lecture, and a response about the poem.
+
+33
+00:02:17,290 --> 00:02:20,690
+Thank you very much. Last lecture was quite
+
+34
+00:02:20,690 --> 00:02:22,910
+intense, though less puzzling than the previous 
+
+35
+00:02:22,910 --> 00:02:26,130
+one. The poem seemed a little bit complicated to
+
+36
+00:02:26,130 --> 00:02:28,290
+begin with, though the sing-like feature of it
+
+37
+00:02:28,290 --> 00:02:30,730
+made it quite appealing. To excavate was our 
+
+38
+00:02:30,730 --> 00:02:32,930
+mission, and the poem sure was one to be dug 
+
+39
+00:02:32,930 --> 00:02:38,530
+around. Dr. Akram surprised us with a request of 
+
+40
+00:02:38,530 --> 00:02:41,070
+writing a commentary in the span of 10 minutes on 
+
+41
+00:02:41,070 --> 00:02:43,490
+the third stanza. That marked our beginning in
+
+42
+00:02:43,490 --> 00:02:47,470
+writing spontaneous poetry critiques. And as
+
+43
+00:02:47,470 --> 00:02:51,250
+lacking as it was, it was still very terrific. And 
+
+44
+00:02:51,250 --> 00:02:53,430
+we're looking forward to the next one. Good. Thank 
+
+45
+00:02:53,430 --> 00:02:57,770
+you very much. So far, we have positive reports.
+
+46
+00:02:58,050 --> 00:03:00,850
+But if there is a negative report, I'm ready to
+
+47
+00:03:00,850 --> 00:03:04,930
+listen. It's not a big deal. It's your right to
+
+48
+00:03:04,930 --> 00:03:09,750
+criticize, and it's your right to acclaim. Good.
+
+49
+00:03:10,650 --> 00:03:14,350
+Today, I think we're meeting a new goal. 
+
+50
+00:03:24,090 --> 00:03:30,170
+So today we're going to see a wonderful poet, 
+
+51
+00:03:30,430 --> 00:03:36,190
+Edmund Spencer, a central Elizabethan poet, you 
+
+52
+00:03:36,190 --> 00:03:41,800
+know, who lived most of his life in Ireland, and 
+
+53
+00:03:41,800 --> 00:03:45,520
+who dedicated his poem, his great poem, you could
+
+54
+00:03:45,520 --> 00:03:49,820
+say, a wonderful epic called The Fair Queen, to
+
+55
+00:03:49,820 --> 00:03:53,260
+the Queen, but instead of being patronized by the
+
+56
+00:03:53,260 --> 00:03:56,520
+Queen, he was given a little pension, you know, 
+
+57
+00:03:56,580 --> 00:04:02,820
+like a yearly salary for that. Okay, so what can 
+
+58
+00:04:02,820 --> 00:04:06,260
+you tell me about, like, Spencer? Again, I need a 
+
+59
+00:04:06,260 --> 00:04:10,780
+response, a written response. Okay, yes. 
+
+60
+00:04:18,490 --> 00:04:21,670
+He writes her name on the sand, expecting for her
+
+61
+00:04:21,670 --> 00:04:25,350
+name to stay, but the tide washes it away. Then he 
+
+62
+00:04:25,350 --> 00:04:28,750
+writes it with a second hand, but again the tide 
+
+63
+00:04:28,750 --> 00:04:32,770
+washes it away. She goes on to say, why are you
+
+64
+00:04:32,770 --> 00:04:35,830
+still writing my name? All your tries will be in
+
+65
+00:04:35,830 --> 00:04:40,140
+vain. Although she tried to do the same, but he
+
+66
+00:04:40,140 --> 00:04:43,660
+wanted to show her how much he cares, so he 
+
+67
+00:04:43,660 --> 00:04:47,640
+immortalized in verse that he's hers, and even if
+
+68
+00:04:47,640 --> 00:04:50,720
+they die, their love will be waiting up in the 
+
+69
+00:04:50,720 --> 00:04:53,800
+sky, they will be together, their love will last
+
+70
+00:04:53,800 --> 00:04:59,040
+forever. I figured last night that he was not he
+
+71
+00:04:59,040 --> 00:05:01,800
+was I figured last night that he was right The 
+
+72
+00:05:01,800 --> 00:05:05,020
+love didn't decay for this for his writings is
+
+73
+00:05:05,020 --> 00:05:09,580
+still be read today It's not
+
+74
+00:05:13,150 --> 00:05:15,770
+versification, it's a response, it's a critique.
+
+75
+00:05:16,170 --> 00:05:18,550
+And they challenge it that she is, you know,
+
+76
+00:05:18,610 --> 00:05:21,090
+writing it in poetry, you know. Thank you very
+
+77
+00:05:21,090 --> 00:05:24,650
+much. What's your name again? Rawan. You know, 
+
+78
+00:05:24,670 --> 00:05:28,130
+it's amazing. And I think you have a chance. Don't 
+
+79
+00:05:28,130 --> 00:05:31,030
+worry. I'm sure your response will be also
+
+80
+00:05:31,030 --> 00:05:36,190
+wonderful. I think I should be proud of you. Yes?
+
+81
+00:05:36,910 --> 00:05:40,290
+Because you are doing a wonderful job. Good.
+
+82
+00:05:42,860 --> 00:05:45,280
+First, I want to talk about the poet, Edmund
+
+83
+00:05:45,280 --> 00:05:49,760
+Spencer, was born in 1552 in London. He was educated in
+
+84
+00:05:49,760 --> 00:05:53,000
+Cambridge University. He was most famous for his
+
+85
+00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:56,300
+long allegorical romance, The Fairy Queen. He was 
+
+86
+00:05:56,300 --> 00:05:59,160
+an example of an Elizabethan poet concerned with 
+
+87
+00:05:59,160 --> 00:06:02,500
+the theme of immortality. He wrote a poem called 
+
+88
+00:06:02,500 --> 00:06:06,280
+"To His Love." In this poem, he talked about the 
+
+89
+00:06:06,280 --> 00:06:09,190
+immortality of his love. He tried to immortalize 
+
+90
+00:06:09,190 --> 00:06:12,230
+his beloved, in the sand, but he failed in that because
+
+91
+00:06:12,230 --> 00:06:15,570
+the waves came and made it disappear. He found
+
+92
+00:06:15,570 --> 00:06:18,130
+another way to immortalize his love, which is his
+
+93
+00:06:18,130 --> 00:06:23,210
+poetry. Good. Thank you. I think, you know, he must
+
+94
+00:06:23,210 --> 00:06:25,870
+be a very interesting poet. He must be very noble.
+
+95
+00:06:26,530 --> 00:06:29,550
+Let me see, because we don't have time to listen
+
+96
+00:06:29,550 --> 00:06:34,010
+to the responses. I know some of you have written 
+
+97
+00:06:34,010 --> 00:06:39,650
+wonderful responses, but let us see orally what 
+
+98
+00:06:39,650 --> 00:06:43,970
+you think of the poem, what you think of the poem.
+
+99
+00:06:44,670 --> 00:06:47,030
+You know, just one, let me know. Yes, please.
+
+100
+00:06:54,250 --> 00:06:59,850
+So, I 
+
+101
+00:06:59,850 --> 00:07:03,690
+like what you say. He wanted to tell us, like he
+
+102
+00:07:03,690 --> 00:07:07,110
+wanted to tell us a story. And this is what 
+
+103
+00:07:07,110 --> 00:07:09,770
+happens in the poem. Because this poem, I don't 
+
+104
+00:07:09,770 --> 00:07:12,770
+want to start criticizing, but this poem is a 
+
+105
+00:07:12,770 --> 00:07:17,470
+little bit different. Because it's only one day I
+
+106
+00:07:17,470 --> 00:07:20,150
+wrote, and then in the middle of the poem, you 
+
+107
+00:07:20,150 --> 00:07:25,010
+have this, not so catch-eye. So, it is mixing
+
+108
+00:07:25,010 --> 00:07:28,350
+between drama and narration. And this is a unique
+
+109
+00:07:28,350 --> 00:07:33,850
+style. But OK, I don't want to go and critique the 
+
+110
+00:07:33,850 --> 00:07:37,520
+poem without reading it. I'm still asking about
+
+111
+00:07:37,520 --> 00:07:39,160
+your response. Yes? 
+
+112
+00:07:41,920 --> 00:07:46,980
+I think the writer here, he marks a change in the
+
+113
+00:07:46,980 --> 00:07:49,640
+attitude of the writers of that period because 
+
+114
+00:07:49,640 --> 00:07:52,800
+usually what we used to read about was themes of 
+
+115
+00:07:52,800 --> 00:07:56,440
+course, they love, and kind of criticizing women, et 
+
+116
+00:07:56,440 --> 00:07:58,780
+cetera. But here, we see that he's actually trying
+
+117
+00:07:58,780 --> 00:08:00,720
+to immortalize the woman. He's trying to
+
+118
+00:08:00,720 --> 00:08:03,970
+immortalize, I think, it's more than this, you 
+
+119
+00:08:03,970 --> 00:08:06,030
+know, if you're looking, it is more than this. 
+
+120
+00:08:06,330 --> 00:08:10,710
+Yes. The concern is the idea of immortality. He 
+
+121
+00:08:10,710 --> 00:08:15,210
+uses verse because he stresses at the end, he
+
+122
+00:08:15,210 --> 00:08:18,050
+says, "Where when at death shall all the worlds of 
+
+123
+00:08:18,050 --> 00:08:21,970
+you are loved?" No, no, not that. The one to die in
+
+124
+00:08:21,970 --> 00:08:24,530
+Dacia, but you shall live by fame, my verse, your 
+
+125
+00:08:24,530 --> 00:08:27,710
+virtue rare shall eternize." So he stresses that
+
+126
+00:08:27,710 --> 00:08:30,510
+verse is what actually immortalizes them. Wow,
+
+127
+00:08:30,510 --> 00:08:32,750
+this is how the Mesopotamians thought of that
+
+128
+00:08:32,750 --> 00:08:39,030
+verse. It's a means which will make them reach
+
+129
+00:08:39,030 --> 00:08:43,280
+immortality. Do you buy this? Yeah, yes, it's 
+
+130
+00:08:43,280 --> 00:08:46,060
+right. We are reading the book today. Ah, but like
+
+131
+00:08:46,060 --> 00:08:48,900
+what kind of immortality? Okay, you know, this is
+
+132
+00:08:48,900 --> 00:08:52,060
+what this is the question, but it's okay. Good.
+
+133
+00:08:52,220 --> 00:08:56,440
+Let's see someone else. Yes, please. The sponsor
+
+134
+00:08:56,440 --> 00:09:00,580
+told me that I think he is in the high level 
+
+135
+00:09:00,580 --> 00:09:03,560
+because he used a simple word, and he is really
+
+136
+00:09:03,560 --> 00:09:07,590
+wrong. Yeah, he, he's like a great poet, he's using
+
+137
+00:09:07,590 --> 00:09:09,790
+similar language, like, "What one day I wrote her 
+
+138
+00:09:09,790 --> 00:09:12,930
+name upon the sand, but come the waves, and 
+
+139
+00:09:12,930 --> 00:09:15,590
+washed it away," I think this is very nice imagery,
+
+140
+00:09:15,590 --> 00:09:18,580
+isn't it? You like the imagery? Yes. It brought you
+
+141
+00:09:18,580 --> 00:09:21,380
+back to your early childhood, huh? When you were
+
+142
+00:09:21,380 --> 00:09:24,480
+on the sand, and you were playing games, you
+
+143
+00:09:24,480 --> 00:09:27,600
+know? Like the mice one. Do you remember the mice 
+
+144
+00:09:27,600 --> 00:09:30,620
+one? Yeah, you should remember that. Okay. 
+
+145
+00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:36,720
+Yeah. 
+
+146
+00:09:44,920 --> 00:09:47,360
+Very good. So you like, you know, the
+
+147
+00:09:47,360 --> 00:09:51,700
+organization. And it seems like this is a
+
+148
+00:09:51,700 --> 00:09:54,780
+Spencerian sonnet, and it seems like he's making
+
+149
+00:09:54,780 --> 00:09:59,720
+use of the form, you know, by doing, you know, a 
+
+150
+00:09:59,720 --> 00:10:03,380
+different thing in each stanza. So, he was using
+
+151
+00:10:03,380 --> 00:10:05,180
+the form enough, for instance, he was not 
+
+152
+00:10:05,180 --> 00:10:09,400
+arbitrary in exposing his argument. You know, he 
+
+153
+00:10:09,400 --> 00:10:13,900
+was very organized. Good. Yes, please. I like the 
+
+154
+00:10:13,900 --> 00:10:18,720
+transferring part of the central image in the 
+
+155
+00:10:18,720 --> 00:10:22,560
+poem, which is writing her name. Her name
+
+156
+00:10:22,560 --> 00:10:27,160
+transferred from the immortal place, which is the 
+
+157
+00:10:27,160 --> 00:10:31,200
+earth, and then it's transferred to the heavens,
+
+158
+00:10:32,240 --> 00:10:37,680
+which is an immortal place. So you like the 
+
+159
+00:10:37,680 --> 00:10:41,520
+movement from mundane, earthy,
+
+160
+00:10:45,010 --> 00:10:48,950
+the vehicle, or the means, you know, of 
+
+161
+00:10:48,950 --> 00:10:52,030
+transportation is like the verse. Okay. This is 
+
+162
+00:10:52,030 --> 00:10:55,150
+how, I mean, some people, because they are 
+
+163
+00:10:55,150 --> 00:10:58,890
+confident, they might cherish their poetry. They 
+
+164
+00:10:58,890 --> 00:11:01,350
+think that their poetry will be read, will be
+
+165
+00:11:01,350 --> 00:11:07,820
+enjoyed, and my people will be reading. Yes. I
+
+166
+00:11:07,820 --> 00:11:11,960
+like when he uses the voice of a woman, and she
+
+167
+00:11:11,960 --> 00:11:14,560
+speaks to him, as if she is warning him that
+
+168
+00:11:14,560 --> 00:11:18,060
+nothing will be allowed. And as if she wants to be 
+
+169
+00:11:18,060 --> 00:11:22,220
+sure that he is really loving her. Yeah, like the 
+
+170
+00:11:22,220 --> 00:11:26,740
+way he responded is not so codified. Like he was
+
+171
+00:11:26,740 --> 00:11:32,840
+determined. Yes, please. As they say, I read that
+
+172
+00:11:32,840 --> 00:11:38,110
+it's a lovely poem, a lovely poem. If I read his
+
+173
+00:11:38,110 --> 00:11:40,910
+memoir, I see that there's a kind of conflict. Uh
+
+174
+00:11:40,910 --> 00:11:43,950
+-huh. What is the conflict? Who's conflicting? As 
+
+175
+00:11:43,950 --> 00:11:47,130
+the sea is his enemy. He wanted the sea. Whenever 
+
+176
+00:11:47,130 --> 00:11:50,010
+he writes his name, the sea comes. Very good. I 
+
+177
+00:11:50,010 --> 00:11:53,890
+like this point because this mind helped us to 
+
+178
+00:11:53,890 --> 00:11:57,330
+reveal the real theme of the poem. But, you know
+
+179
+00:11:57,330 --> 00:12:03,170
+what? I don't like discussing the poem. I know
+
+180
+00:12:03,170 --> 00:12:06,270
+that this is your response. But let us read the 
+
+181
+00:12:06,270 --> 00:12:09,040
+poem. Allowed? Did anybody read the poem aloud? 
+
+182
+00:12:09,320 --> 00:12:14,740
+Yes. Okay. Yes? I read it at home. Huh? I read it
+
+183
+00:12:14,740 --> 00:12:17,100
+at home. I'm a loud person. Do you want to read it 
+
+184
+00:12:17,100 --> 00:12:20,640
+now? Okay. Okay, go ahead. You come here. 
+
+185
+00:12:25,860 --> 00:12:29,780
+One day I wrote her name upon the sand, but come 
+
+186
+00:12:29,780 --> 00:12:32,440
+the waves and washed it away. Again, I wrote it 
+
+187
+00:12:32,440 --> 00:12:35,520
+with a second hand, but come the tide and made
+
+188
+00:12:35,520 --> 00:12:40,810
+my baby's brain. She said she, that dust in vain
+
+189
+
+223
+00:14:51,480 --> 00:14:54,400
+thing because I felt like this is the first time a
+
+224
+00:14:54,400 --> 00:14:57,260
+woman is given a voice in the world. Excellent. I
+
+225
+00:14:57,260 --> 00:14:58,900
+like this. Yeah,
+
+226
+00:15:01,500 --> 00:15:04,780
+she's given a voice. Yeah. You know, I think I
+
+227
+00:15:04,780 --> 00:15:09,150
+feel the spirit of liberalism here, you know, like
+
+228
+00:15:09,150 --> 00:15:11,570
+it seems like these people are getting more
+
+229
+00:15:11,570 --> 00:15:16,290
+liberal, are not like they are not in the cloak of
+
+230
+00:15:16,290 --> 00:15:19,970
+a cordial love where a woman is like deprived, you
+
+231
+00:15:19,970 --> 00:15:23,930
+know, she's her voice is subdued but here we have a
+
+232
+00:15:23,930 --> 00:15:27,430
+woman who's given a voice but still like this
+
+233
+00:15:27,430 --> 00:15:31,050
+voice is very faint because she's being shut up by
+
+234
+00:15:31,050 --> 00:15:35,110
+a man saying, "Not so, could I." You know, I'm not like
+
+235
+00:15:35,110 --> 00:15:38,660
+you to interact further with the poem and like,
+
+236
+00:15:39,260 --> 00:15:44,820
+you know, just read. Yes, the narrative, you know,
+
+237
+00:15:44,900 --> 00:15:48,040
+and then the drama. So does anybody want to give a
+
+238
+00:15:48,040 --> 00:15:55,740
+try before I myself improvise? Yes, sure. One day
+
+239
+00:15:55,740 --> 00:16:00,610
+I wrote her name upon a stamp, a strand, but came
+
+240
+00:16:00,610 --> 00:16:05,610
+waves and wished it away. Again I wrote it with a
+
+241
+00:16:05,610 --> 00:16:09,990
+second hand, but came the tide and made my pain
+
+242
+00:16:09,990 --> 00:16:15,970
+his prey. "Vain man," she said, said she, "the dust
+
+243
+00:16:15,970 --> 00:16:21,850
+in vain I say, a mortal thing so to mortalize, for
+
+244
+00:16:21,850 --> 00:16:27,260
+I myself shall like to this decay." And did my name
+
+245
+00:16:27,260 --> 00:16:34,620
+be wiped out likewise? "Not so," could I. Let base
+
+246
+00:16:34,620 --> 00:16:38,680
+of things devise, To die in dust, but you shall
+
+247
+00:16:38,680 --> 00:16:42,900
+live by fame, By this your virtues will shall
+
+248
+00:16:42,900 --> 00:16:47,340
+eternize, And in the heavens write your glorious
+
+249
+00:16:47,340 --> 00:16:51,740
+name, Where, when, as death shall all the world
+
+250
+00:16:51,740 --> 00:16:57,800
+subdue. "Allah shall live and let her life free
+
+251
+00:16:57,800 --> 00:17:03,680
+you." I think you captured the spirit of the poem.
+
+252
+00:17:04,500 --> 00:17:06,540
+How about let me stretch it a little bit, you
+
+253
+00:17:06,540 --> 00:17:09,920
+know, to stretch because, you know, I'm going to
+
+254
+00:17:09,920 --> 00:17:13,080
+stretch it perhaps to make you get into the poem
+
+255
+00:17:13,080 --> 00:17:18,640
+more and more. So one day I wrote her name upon
+
+256
+00:17:18,640 --> 00:17:22,420
+this track, marking the waves and washed it away.
+
+257
+00:17:23,440 --> 00:17:27,400
+Again, I wrote it with a second pen. My kidney
+
+258
+00:17:27,400 --> 00:17:32,480
+tied and made my veins vain. "The vain man," said
+
+259
+00:17:32,480 --> 00:17:36,400
+she, "the dust in vain, a saint, a mortal thing
+
+260
+00:17:36,400 --> 00:17:39,840
+sought to immortalize? Could I myself lie to this
+
+261
+00:17:39,840 --> 00:17:45,100
+decay and keep my name revived likewise?" "Not so,"
+
+262
+00:17:45,200 --> 00:17:49,460
+could I. Lit bays of things devised to die in
+
+263
+00:17:49,460 --> 00:17:53,820
+dust, but you shall live by fame. My verse? My
+
+264
+00:17:53,820 --> 00:17:57,820
+virtue of virtues, prayer shall eternize, and in
+
+265
+00:17:57,820 --> 00:18:01,600
+the heavens rise to a glorious name, where as
+
+266
+00:18:01,600 --> 00:18:05,740
+death shall all the worlds subdue, our love shall
+
+267
+00:18:05,740 --> 00:18:11,360
+live and later life renew. I wanted to make it
+
+268
+00:18:11,360 --> 00:18:15,460
+more dramatic, but as you see here, it's a very
+
+269
+00:18:15,460 --> 00:18:20,500
+interesting image. And I think we might like the
+
+270
+00:18:20,500 --> 00:18:23,210
+sincerity of the poem. What is the flower doing on
+
+271
+00:18:23,210 --> 00:18:27,870
+the, you know? It's a childish behavior, isn't it?
+
+272
+00:18:28,650 --> 00:18:32,590
+It's childish. Like this is what we usually do,
+
+273
+00:18:32,890 --> 00:18:35,690
+like, it's very childish. So he tried to write her
+
+274
+00:18:35,690 --> 00:18:40,550
+name. But what happened? One day I wrote her name
+
+275
+00:18:40,550 --> 00:18:46,510
+upon this map. But came the waves and washed away.
+
+276
+00:18:47,990 --> 00:18:50,710
+Okay, you know, this is like the literal meaning.
+
+277
+00:18:51,150 --> 00:18:55,970
+The waves, okay, we're talking about the waves as
+
+278
+00:18:55,970 --> 00:19:00,850
+being antagonistic to the poet, you know, like
+
+279
+00:19:00,850 --> 00:19:05,410
+attempts to write the name, okay? But here we
+
+280
+00:19:05,410 --> 00:19:08,510
+have, you know, to see that it doesn't mean the
+
+281
+00:19:08,510 --> 00:19:13,130
+waves. Later, the waves might be a metonymy, you
+
+282
+00:19:13,130 --> 00:19:15,810
+know? Because as you said, there is a conflict
+
+283
+00:19:15,810 --> 00:19:18,930
+here. You know, the poet is disturbed, so we don't
+
+284
+00:19:18,930 --> 00:19:22,410
+have to think of the waves as the waves, you know?
+
+285
+00:19:22,790 --> 00:19:28,110
+They might be metonymy for like forces, some
+
+286
+00:19:28,110 --> 00:19:32,550
+obstacles, some problems, you know, certain
+
+287
+00:19:32,550 --> 00:19:36,650
+concerns, but let's take it literally first and
+
+288
+00:19:36,650 --> 00:19:40,410
+then start to think, because here we need to think
+
+289
+00:19:40,410 --> 00:19:44,290
+again of like the philosophical background of the
+
+290
+00:19:44,290 --> 00:19:48,450
+Elizabethan, the ideal of immortality, and like a
+
+291
+00:19:48,450 --> 00:19:52,450
+famous theme called the theme of mutability, like
+
+292
+00:19:52,450 --> 00:19:56,510
+changeability, which was a very central theme to
+
+293
+00:19:56,510 --> 00:20:00,470
+the Aztec mythology. One day I wrote her name upon
+
+294
+00:20:00,470 --> 00:20:04,390
+this hand, but came the waves and washed it away.
+
+295
+00:20:07,390 --> 00:20:12,110
+Again, I wrote it with a second hand. So when you
+
+296
+00:20:12,110 --> 00:20:14,050
+say, "Again, I wrote it with a second hand," what do
+
+297
+00:20:14,050 --> 00:20:17,850
+you understand about the poem? He is what? Yeah,
+
+298
+00:20:17,870 --> 00:20:23,570
+he's persistent. He persists. He doesn't give up.
+
+299
+00:20:24,150 --> 00:20:28,290
+Again, I wrote it with a second hand. But came the
+
+300
+00:20:28,290 --> 00:20:33,890
+tide and made my pains his prey. Look at the tide.
+
+301
+00:20:38,390 --> 00:20:43,750
+Tide is very gracious, very wild, isn't it? Look
+
+302
+00:20:43,750 --> 00:20:47,450
+at the image here. Tide is like what? Like a
+
+303
+00:20:47,450 --> 00:20:54,310
+beast, a wild beast, which plays on the humble
+
+304
+00:20:54,310 --> 00:20:59,790
+efforts of the poet to immortalize the name of his
+
+305
+00:20:59,790 --> 00:21:03,630
+wife. It is, you know, he's here like it is his
+
+306
+00:21:03,630 --> 00:21:06,650
+wife, you know, which makes the poet more
+
+307
+00:21:06,650 --> 00:21:09,730
+attractive, you know, because he was sincere.
+
+308
+00:21:11,510 --> 00:21:16,280
+Again, I wrote it with a second hand, but came He
+
+309
+00:21:16,280 --> 00:21:19,880
+tied and made my pants his grave. Very
+
+310
+00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:24,320
+frustrating, isn't it? So this poem ends with the
+
+311
+00:21:24,320 --> 00:21:29,120
+image of what? A frustrated man who was trying
+
+312
+00:21:29,120 --> 00:21:33,820
+many times to engrave, to write the name of his
+
+313
+00:21:33,820 --> 00:21:38,020
+wife on this strand with the hope of immortalizing
+
+314
+00:21:38,020 --> 00:21:43,920
+her. But all these attempts were foiled. You know
+
+315
+00:21:43,920 --> 00:21:46,210
+what's been foiled? Did not succeed, were foiled
+
+316
+00:21:46,210 --> 00:21:50,770
+by the waves and the tide, which were very, you
+
+317
+00:21:50,770 --> 00:21:54,210
+know, tough, and they damaged everything, you
+
+318
+00:21:54,210 --> 00:21:58,030
+know? Now, I think, yes, she's given a voice.
+
+319
+00:21:59,570 --> 00:22:04,010
+She's commenting. So the lady, or his wife, must
+
+320
+00:22:04,010 --> 00:22:07,190
+have been watching him, you know? And right here,
+
+321
+00:22:07,570 --> 00:22:10,590
+the authority of, you know, a wife, so what did
+
+322
+00:22:10,590 --> 00:22:13,990
+she say? "Vain man, what are you doing? You are
+
+323
+00:22:13,990 --> 00:22:17,990
+doing a vague thing, you know?" As you see, like,
+
+324
+00:22:18,290 --> 00:22:22,150
+so she is underestimating what he's doing. She's
+
+325
+00:22:22,150 --> 00:22:26,670
+saying, "Vain man that does in vain a say. A say,"
+
+326
+00:22:26,810 --> 00:22:30,870
+this is like, it is a French, it's a French verb
+
+327
+00:22:30,870 --> 00:22:35,470
+would mean try, a say, you know, like a say. I
+
+328
+00:22:35,470 --> 00:22:40,230
+think it was the fashion of those poets to season
+
+329
+00:22:40,230 --> 00:22:44,930
+their poetry with some French words, with some
+
+330
+00:22:44,930 --> 00:22:49,130
+Latin references, with some archaic words. And I
+
+331
+00:22:49,130 --> 00:22:52,110
+think we have archaic language here, like eek, the
+
+332
+00:22:52,110 --> 00:22:56,830
+word eek, which we saw in the other poem later,
+
+333
+00:22:57,590 --> 00:23:01,470
+the previous poem. "A mortal thing sought to
+
+334
+00:23:01,470 --> 00:23:05,390
+immortalize." So she was referring to herself. As
+
+335
+00:23:05,390 --> 00:23:10,150
+what? As an immortal. Sorry, as immortality. As a
+
+336
+00:23:10,150 --> 00:23:15,430
+mortal, something which is, you know, subject to
+
+337
+00:23:15,430 --> 00:23:19,050
+decay, to death and disintegration. This is like
+
+338
+00:23:19,050 --> 00:23:23,150
+how we are referring to ourselves. Even as
+
+339
+00:23:23,150 --> 00:23:25,870
+Muslims, we are referring to ourselves as mortal.
+
+340
+00:23:26,650 --> 00:23:31,350
+But still, we have the image of immortality. We
+
+341
+00:23:31,350 --> 00:23:34,600
+have, as Muslims, you know, it is revealed to us
+
+342
+00:23:34,600 --> 00:23:37,840
+like in Quran like what kind of life we're going
+
+343
+00:23:37,840 --> 00:23:42,420
+to have, you know, after this mundane life, so again
+
+344
+00:23:42,420 --> 00:23:45,960
+here, he has a vision of immortality but it might
+
+345
+00:23:45,960 --> 00:23:49,320
+not be like our vision, you know. We know, like we
+
+346
+00:23:49,320 --> 00:23:52,880
+can reach immortality by being, you know, dedicated
+
+347
+00:23:52,880 --> 00:23:57,060
+by being, you know, honest, sincere, loyal to our
+
+348
+00:23:57,060 --> 00:24:00,540
+creator and being followers to the teachings of
+
+349
+00:24:00,540 --> 00:24:04,040
+our prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. We know
+
+350
+00:24:04,040 --> 00:24:08,760
+that all these will make us reach that life of
+
+351
+00:24:08,760 --> 00:24:14,120
+immortality. But here, it is like verse. It is
+
+352
+00:24:14,120 --> 00:24:18,860
+verse. It is poetry. And it seems like poetry,
+
+353
+00:24:19,060 --> 00:24:21,380
+because he's going to write her name, as you see
+
+354
+00:24:21,380 --> 00:24:24,000
+at the end of the poem, in Hemet. So we are
+
+355
+00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:28,240
+talking about a poet who was trying to
+
+356
+00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:30,540
+immortalize.
+
+357
+00:24:31,330 --> 00:24:33,850
+by his pottery, which he thinks that his pottery
+
+358
+00:24:33,850 --> 00:24:35,170
+was divine.
+
+359
+00:24:40,310 --> 00:24:44,650
+"And eek my name, be wide likewise. Not so," quote
+
+360
+00:24:44,650 --> 00:24:49,030
+I. Like, look how he's affirmative here. "Not so,"
+
+361
+00:24:49,470 --> 00:24:53,510
+quote I. Now, he disagrees with him. So it's not a
+
+362
+00:24:53,510 --> 00:24:56,350
+problem, like, to disagree. But it seems like this
+
+363
+00:24:56,350 --> 00:24:58,630
+is a dialogue, and they are trying
+
+364
+00:25:01,770 --> 00:25:06,310
+"Not so," the poet, quote, I, "lit by their things,"
+
+365
+00:25:06,990 --> 00:25:10,610
+devise. "Lit by their things," assume many different
+
+366
+00:25:10,610 --> 00:25:14,170
+shapes, and whatever they want. "To die in dust,"
+
+367
+00:25:14,890 --> 00:25:19,250
+let them die in dust, "but you shall live by faith."
+
+368
+00:25:19,750 --> 00:25:25,170
+It's very surprising how you'll be famous. "My
+
+369
+00:25:25,170 --> 00:25:28,730
+verse, your virtues, rare shall eternize." My
+
+370
+00:25:28,730 --> 00:25:34,610
+verse, my poetry, it will eternize your virtues.
+
+371
+00:25:36,050 --> 00:25:40,450
+"And in heaven write your glorious names." Look
+
+372
+00:25:40,450 --> 00:25:46,430
+here. You know, the poet is given a voice. The
+
+373
+00:25:46,430 --> 00:25:49,530
+poet is given a voice. It's the voice of the poet.
+
+374
+00:25:50,230 --> 00:25:55,130
+Now, when we are talking about you know, the
+
+375
+00:25:55,130 --> 00:25:57,590
+Elizabethan, we are talking about a new value
+
+376
+00:25:57,590 --> 00:26:01,170
+called the value of individualism, which I think
+
+377
+00:26:01,170 --> 00:26:05,710
+will later develop and culminates when we reach
+
+378
+00:26:05,710 --> 00:26:10,230
+Romanticism. Like here, you know, the person, the
+
+379
+00:26:10,230 --> 00:26:13,650
+poet, is given a voice to express himself, not
+
+380
+00:26:13,650 --> 00:26:17,850
+soak or die, live based on things, to die in dust,
+
+381
+00:26:18,010 --> 00:26:21,430
+"but you shall live by faith, by verse." It's a
+
+382
+00:26:21,430 --> 00:26:25,180
+lyrical poem. It's, you know, like, this is like
+
+383
+00:26:25,180 --> 00:26:28,280
+the expression of an individual. "My verse, your
+
+384
+00:26:28,280 --> 00:26:32,960
+virtues, where shall it arise?" "And in the heavens,
+
+385
+00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:36,720
+write your glorious name." And then, in the
+
+386
+00:26:36,720 --> 00:26:41,500
+couplet, "where, where in heaven?" "When as death
+
+387
+00:26:41,500 --> 00:26:46,040
+shall all the world subdue?" You know? Not in
+
+388
+00:26:46,040 --> 00:26:48,960
+heaven, of course, like here on earth. When death,
+
+389
+00:26:49,100 --> 00:26:51,740
+look at death, how it is there. Capitalized.
+
+390
+00:26:54,360 --> 00:26:58,360
+"Our love shall live and later life renew." So it
+
+391
+00:26:58,360 --> 00:27:02,720
+seems like he is very ambitious. It is like he's
+
+392
+00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:06,080
+talking about after death, what will happen after
+
+393
+00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:12,820
+death. Very interesting poem. And I tried to
+
+394
+00:27:12,820 --> 00:27:17,720
+paraphrase it and to add some interpretation, but
+
+395
+00:27:17,720 --> 00:27:21,780
+I think we have to go back to the poem and to
+
+396
+00:27:21,780 --> 00:27:25,780
+interpret it. Criticize it, you know, because here
+
+397
+00:27:25,780 --> 00:27:28,920
+we have frustration, we have complaint, we have,
+
+398
+00:27:29,060 --> 00:27:33,160
+you know, persistence, we have promises, we have
+
+399
+00:27:33,160 --> 00:27:39,120
+decisions taken. So, for each, let's say, attitude,
+
+400
+00:27:39,580 --> 00:27:43,960
+like the poet, you know, was trying to employ the
+
+401
+00:27:43,960 --> 00:27:46,260
+language, employ the figures of speech, employ the
+
+402
+00:27:46,260 --> 00:27:49,800
+words. For example, here, if you, in the last
+
+403
+00:27:49,800 --> 00:27:54,030
+couplet, look at him when he were, you know, using
+
+404
+00:27:54,030 --> 00:27:58,810
+VV, you know, where, when as death shall all the
+
+405
+00:27:58,810 --> 00:28:02,970
+words subdue, "Our love shall live and later life 
+
+406
+00:28:02,970 --> 00:28:07,810
+renew" and like here, "My verse your virtues shall
+
+407
+00:28:07,810 --> 00:28:11,010
+eternize." I think these alliterations are the
+
+408
+00:28:11,010 --> 00:28:14,530
+alliteration here have to do with his sense of
+
+409
+00:28:

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/ZvXDttTpKh8_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1712 @@
+1
+00:00:10,320 --> 00:00:13,700
+Good. It's nice to see you again today for another
+
+2
+00:00:13,700 --> 00:00:18,920
+poetry class. I think, you know, now you have
+
+3
+00:00:18,920 --> 00:00:22,440
+started to change your mind about poetry. Yes.
+
+4
+00:00:25,580 --> 00:00:28,320
+You are getting more interested in poetry. But
+
+5
+00:00:28,320 --> 00:00:31,600
+still I believe you are having some hurdles, some
+
+6
+00:00:31,600 --> 00:00:35,640
+problems. I think by hard work, by perseverance,
+
+7
+00:00:36,140 --> 00:00:39,580
+you're going to overcome these hurdles. Okay,
+
+8
+00:00:39,680 --> 00:00:44,920
+today our meeting will be dedicated to Sydney. But
+
+9
+00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:47,560
+the class will be like this. I'm going to listen
+
+10
+00:00:47,560 --> 00:00:53,420
+to one or two reports. Then like a response or
+
+11
+00:00:53,420 --> 00:00:57,550
+two. Later, I'll be eliciting your responses, all
+
+12
+00:00:57,550 --> 00:01:01,290
+of you. Then I'll have a go about 15 minutes on
+
+13
+00:01:01,290 --> 00:01:04,870
+the poem. And finally, I'll get you to write a
+
+14
+00:01:04,870 --> 00:01:07,950
+critique, an initial critique of the poem. So I'll
+
+15
+00:01:07,950 --> 00:01:11,730
+be leaving you to write this critique. And that's
+
+16
+00:01:11,730 --> 00:01:15,710
+it for today. So let's start. Yes, you are willing
+
+17
+00:01:15,710 --> 00:01:18,730
+to read. Is it the first time you're reading?
+
+18
+00:01:19,530 --> 00:01:23,100
+Okay, good. You know, I like the idea, like, a lot
+
+19
+00:01:23,100 --> 00:01:25,960
+of students yesterday, many, many students, you
+
+20
+00:01:25,960 --> 00:01:28,200
+know, were willing to read the reports. And this
+
+21
+00:01:28,200 --> 00:01:31,120
+is a good indication that they started to like the
+
+22
+00:01:31,120 --> 00:01:34,470
+reports. Okay. Time passed quickly, passed
+
+23
+00:01:34,470 --> 00:01:36,890
+quickly. We are in the fourth week at the
+
+24
+00:01:36,890 --> 00:01:39,850
+university. The teacher finished explaining four
+
+25
+00:01:39,850 --> 00:01:43,010
+poems, the last poems which is litany. He
+
+26
+00:01:43,010 --> 00:01:48,710
+explained each stanza and he explains all figure
+
+27
+00:01:48,710 --> 00:01:51,530
+of speech. Then the assistant Amal began to
+
+28
+00:01:51,530 --> 00:01:54,930
+explain the sound, rhyme and rhythm. She used the
+
+29
+00:01:54,930 --> 00:01:58,330
+lab and began to explain. The girl enjoyed of her
+
+30
+00:01:58,330 --> 00:02:01,830
+explanation. Finally, the teacher asked student to
+
+31
+00:02:01,830 --> 00:02:05,090
+prepare the next poem well and wrote a report for
+
+32
+00:02:05,090 --> 00:02:07,290
+lecture and response about the poem.
+
+33
+00:02:17,290 --> 00:02:20,690
+Thank you very much. Last lecture was quite
+
+34
+00:02:20,690 --> 00:02:22,910
+intense, though less puzzling than the previous
+
+35
+00:02:22,910 --> 00:02:26,130
+one. The poem seemed a little bit complicated to
+
+36
+00:02:26,130 --> 00:02:28,290
+begin with, though the sing-like feature of it
+
+37
+00:02:28,290 --> 00:02:30,730
+made it quite appealing. To excavate was our
+
+38
+00:02:30,730 --> 00:02:32,930
+mission, and the poem sure was one to be dug
+
+39
+00:02:32,930 --> 00:02:38,530
+around. Dr. Akram surprised us with a request of
+
+40
+00:02:38,530 --> 00:02:41,070
+writing a commentary in the span of 10 minutes on
+
+41
+00:02:41,070 --> 00:02:43,490
+the third stanza. That marked our beginning in
+
+42
+00:02:43,490 --> 00:02:47,470
+writing spontaneous poetry critiques. And as
+
+43
+00:02:47,470 --> 00:02:51,250
+lacking as it was, it was still very terrific. And
+
+44
+00:02:51,250 --> 00:02:53,430
+we're looking forward to the next one. Good. Thank
+
+45
+00:02:53,430 --> 00:02:57,770
+you very much. So far, we have positive reports.
+
+46
+00:02:58,050 --> 00:03:00,850
+But if there is a negative report, I'm ready to
+
+47
+00:03:00,850 --> 00:03:04,930
+listen. It's not a big deal. It's your right to
+
+48
+00:03:04,930 --> 00:03:09,750
+criticize, and it's your right to acclaim. Good.
+
+49
+00:03:10,650 --> 00:03:14,350
+Today, I think we're meeting a new goal.
+
+50
+00:03:24,090 --> 00:03:30,170
+So today we're going to see a wonderful poet,
+
+51
+00:03:30,430 --> 00:03:36,190
+Edmund Spencer, a central Elizabethan poet, you
+
+52
+00:03:36,190 --> 00:03:41,800
+know, who lived most of his life in Ireland, and
+
+53
+00:03:41,800 --> 00:03:45,520
+who dedicated his poem, his great poem, you could
+
+54
+00:03:45,520 --> 00:03:49,820
+say, a wonderful epic called The Fair Queen. to
+
+55
+00:03:49,820 --> 00:03:53,260
+the Queen, but instead of being patronized by the
+
+56
+00:03:53,260 --> 00:03:56,520
+Queen, he was given a little pension, you know,
+
+57
+00:03:56,580 --> 00:04:02,820
+like a yearly salary for that. Okay, so what can
+
+58
+00:04:02,820 --> 00:04:06,260
+you tell me about like Spencer? Again, I need a
+
+59
+00:04:06,260 --> 00:04:10,780
+response, a written response. Okay, yes.
+
+60
+00:04:18,490 --> 00:04:21,670
+He writes her name on the sand, expecting for her
+
+61
+00:04:21,670 --> 00:04:25,350
+name to stay, but the tide washes it away. Then he
+
+62
+00:04:25,350 --> 00:04:28,750
+writes it with a second hand, but again the tide
+
+63
+00:04:28,750 --> 00:04:32,770
+washes it away. She goes on to say, why are you
+
+64
+00:04:32,770 --> 00:04:35,830
+still writing my name? All your tries will be in
+
+65
+00:04:35,830 --> 00:04:40,140
+vain. Although she tried to do the same, but he
+
+66
+00:04:40,140 --> 00:04:43,660
+wanted to show her how much he cares, so he
+
+67
+00:04:43,660 --> 00:04:47,640
+immortalized in verse that he's hers, and even if
+
+68
+00:04:47,640 --> 00:04:50,720
+they die, their love will be waiting up in the
+
+69
+00:04:50,720 --> 00:04:53,800
+sky, they will be together, their love will last
+
+70
+00:04:53,800 --> 00:04:59,040
+forever. I figured last night that he was not he
+
+71
+00:04:59,040 --> 00:05:01,800
+was I figured last night that he was right The
+
+72
+00:05:01,800 --> 00:05:05,020
+love didn't decay for this for his writings is
+
+73
+00:05:05,020 --> 00:05:09,580
+still be read today It's not
+
+74
+00:05:13,150 --> 00:05:15,770
+Versification, it's a response, it's a critique.
+
+75
+00:05:16,170 --> 00:05:18,550
+And they challenge it that she is, you know,
+
+76
+00:05:18,610 --> 00:05:21,090
+writing it in poetry, you know. Thank you very
+
+77
+00:05:21,090 --> 00:05:24,650
+much. What's your name again? Rawan. You know,
+
+78
+00:05:24,670 --> 00:05:28,130
+it's amazing. And I think you have a chance. Don't
+
+79
+00:05:28,130 --> 00:05:31,030
+worry. I'm sure your response will be also
+
+80
+00:05:31,030 --> 00:05:36,190
+wonderful. I think I should be proud of you. Yes?
+
+81
+00:05:36,910 --> 00:05:40,290
+Because you are doing a wonderful job. Good.
+
+82
+00:05:42,860 --> 00:05:45,280
+First, I want to talk about the poet. Edmund
+
+83
+00:05:45,280 --> 00:05:49,760
+Spencer was born in 1552 in London. He educated in
+
+84
+00:05:49,760 --> 00:05:53,000
+Cambridge University. He was most famous for his
+
+85
+00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:56,300
+long allegorical romance, The Fairy Queen. He was
+
+86
+00:05:56,300 --> 00:05:59,160
+an example of an Elizabethan poet concerned with
+
+87
+00:05:59,160 --> 00:06:02,500
+the theme of immortality. He wrote a poem called
+
+88
+00:06:02,500 --> 00:06:06,280
+To His Love. In this poem, he talked about the
+
+89
+00:06:06,280 --> 00:06:09,190
+immortality of his love. He tried to immortalize
+
+90
+00:06:09,190 --> 00:06:12,230
+his beloved snail, but he failed in that because
+
+91
+00:06:12,230 --> 00:06:15,570
+the waves came and made it disappear. He found
+
+92
+00:06:15,570 --> 00:06:18,130
+another way to immortalize his love, which is his
+
+93
+00:06:18,130 --> 00:06:23,210
+photo. Good. Thank you. I think, you know, he must
+
+94
+00:06:23,210 --> 00:06:25,870
+be very interesting poet. He must be very noble.
+
+95
+00:06:26,530 --> 00:06:29,550
+Let me see, because we don't have time to listen
+
+96
+00:06:29,550 --> 00:06:34,010
+to the response. I know some of you have written
+
+97
+00:06:34,010 --> 00:06:39,650
+wonderful responses, but Let us see orally what
+
+98
+00:06:39,650 --> 00:06:43,970
+you think of the poem, what you think of the poem.
+
+99
+00:06:44,670 --> 00:06:47,030
+You know, just one, let me know. Yes, please.
+
+100
+00:06:54,250 --> 00:06:59,850
+So I
+
+101
+00:06:59,850 --> 00:07:03,690
+like what you say, he wanted to tell us, like he
+
+102
+00:07:03,690 --> 00:07:07,110
+wanted to tell us a story. And this is what
+
+103
+00:07:07,110 --> 00:07:09,770
+happens in the poem. Because this poem, I don't
+
+104
+00:07:09,770 --> 00:07:12,770
+want to start criticizing, but this poem is a
+
+105
+00:07:12,770 --> 00:07:17,470
+little bit different. Because it's only one day I
+
+106
+00:07:17,470 --> 00:07:20,150
+wrote, and then in the middle of the poem, you
+
+107
+00:07:20,150 --> 00:07:25,010
+have this not so caught eye. So it is mixing
+
+108
+00:07:25,010 --> 00:07:28,350
+between drama and narration. And this is a unique
+
+109
+00:07:28,350 --> 00:07:33,850
+style. But OK, I don't want to go and critique the
+
+110
+00:07:33,850 --> 00:07:37,520
+poem without reading it. I'm still asking about
+
+111
+00:07:37,520 --> 00:07:39,160
+your response. Yes?
+
+112
+00:07:41,920 --> 00:07:46,980
+I think the writer here, he marks a change in the
+
+113
+00:07:46,980 --> 00:07:49,640
+attitude of the writers of that period because
+
+114
+00:07:49,640 --> 00:07:52,800
+usually what we used to read about was themes of
+
+115
+00:07:52,800 --> 00:07:56,440
+course they love and kind of criticizing women, et
+
+116
+00:07:56,440 --> 00:07:58,780
+cetera. But here we see that he's actually trying
+
+117
+00:07:58,780 --> 00:08:00,720
+to immortalize the woman. He's trying to
+
+118
+00:08:00,720 --> 00:08:03,970
+immortalize I think it is more than this, you
+
+119
+00:08:03,970 --> 00:08:06,030
+know, if you are looking, it is more than this.
+
+120
+00:08:06,330 --> 00:08:10,710
+Yes, the concern is the idea of immortality. He
+
+121
+00:08:10,710 --> 00:08:15,210
+uses verse because he stresses at the end, he
+
+122
+00:08:15,210 --> 00:08:18,050
+says, where when at death shall all the worlds of
+
+123
+00:08:18,050 --> 00:08:21,970
+you are loved? No, no, not that. The one to die in
+
+124
+00:08:21,970 --> 00:08:24,530
+Dacia, but you shall live by fame, my verse, your
+
+125
+00:08:24,530 --> 00:08:27,710
+virtue rare shall eternize. So he stresses that
+
+126
+00:08:27,710 --> 00:08:30,510
+verse is what actually immortalizes them. Wow,
+
+127
+00:08:30,510 --> 00:08:32,750
+this is how the Mesopotamians thought of that
+
+128
+00:08:32,750 --> 00:08:39,030
+verse. It's a means which will make them reach
+
+129
+00:08:39,030 --> 00:08:43,280
+immortality. Do you buy this? Yeah, yes, it's
+
+130
+00:08:43,280 --> 00:08:46,060
+right. We are reading the book today. Ah, but like
+
+131
+00:08:46,060 --> 00:08:48,900
+what kind of immortality? Okay, you know, this is
+
+132
+00:08:48,900 --> 00:08:52,060
+what this is the question, but it's okay. Good.
+
+133
+00:08:52,220 --> 00:08:56,440
+Let's see someone else. Yes, please. The sponsor
+
+134
+00:08:56,440 --> 00:09:00,580
+told me that I think he is in the high level
+
+135
+00:09:00,580 --> 00:09:03,560
+because he used a simple words and he is really
+
+136
+00:09:03,560 --> 00:09:07,590
+wrong. yeah he he's like a great poet he's using
+
+137
+00:09:07,590 --> 00:09:09,790
+similar language like what one day i wrote her
+
+138
+00:09:09,790 --> 00:09:12,930
+name upon this ladder but came the waves and
+
+139
+00:09:12,930 --> 00:09:15,590
+washed it away i think this is very nice image
+
+140
+00:09:15,590 --> 00:09:18,580
+isn't it You like the image? Yes. It brought you
+
+141
+00:09:18,580 --> 00:09:21,380
+back to your early childhood, huh? When you were
+
+142
+00:09:21,380 --> 00:09:24,480
+on the sand and you were playing the games, you
+
+143
+00:09:24,480 --> 00:09:27,600
+know? Like the mice one. Do you remember the mice
+
+144
+00:09:27,600 --> 00:09:30,620
+one? Yeah, you should remember that. Okay.
+
+145
+00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:36,720
+Yeah.
+
+146
+00:09:44,920 --> 00:09:47,360
+Very good. So you like, you know, the
+
+147
+00:09:47,360 --> 00:09:51,700
+organization. And it seems like this is a
+
+148
+00:09:51,700 --> 00:09:54,780
+Spencerian sonnet, and it seems like he's making
+
+149
+00:09:54,780 --> 00:09:59,720
+use of the form, you know, by doing, you know, a
+
+150
+00:09:59,720 --> 00:10:03,380
+different thing in each stanza. So he was using
+
+151
+00:10:03,380 --> 00:10:05,180
+the form enough, for instance, he was not
+
+152
+00:10:05,180 --> 00:10:09,400
+arbitrary in exposing his argument. You know, he
+
+153
+00:10:09,400 --> 00:10:13,900
+was very organized. Good. Yes, please. I like the
+
+154
+00:10:13,900 --> 00:10:18,720
+transferring part of the central image in the
+
+155
+00:10:18,720 --> 00:10:22,560
+poem, which is writing her name. Her name
+
+156
+00:10:22,560 --> 00:10:27,160
+transferred from the immortal place, which is the
+
+157
+00:10:27,160 --> 00:10:31,200
+earth, and then it's transferred to the heaven,
+
+158
+00:10:32,240 --> 00:10:37,680
+which is an immortal place. So you like the
+
+159
+00:10:37,680 --> 00:10:41,520
+movement from mundane, earthy,
+
+160
+00:10:45,010 --> 00:10:48,950
+The vehicle or the means, you know, of
+
+161
+00:10:48,950 --> 00:10:52,030
+transportation is like the verse. Okay. This is
+
+162
+00:10:52,030 --> 00:10:55,150
+how, I mean, some people, because they are
+
+163
+00:10:55,150 --> 00:10:58,890
+confident, they might cherish their poetry. They
+
+164
+00:10:58,890 --> 00:11:01,350
+think that their poetry will be read, will be
+
+165
+00:11:01,350 --> 00:11:07,820
+enjoyed, and my people will be reading. Yes. I
+
+166
+00:11:07,820 --> 00:11:11,960
+like when he uses the voice of a woman, and she
+
+167
+00:11:11,960 --> 00:11:14,560
+speaks to him as if she is warning him that
+
+168
+00:11:14,560 --> 00:11:18,060
+nothing will be allowed. And as if she wants to be
+
+169
+00:11:18,060 --> 00:11:22,220
+sure that he is really loving her. Yeah, like the
+
+170
+00:11:22,220 --> 00:11:26,740
+way he responded is not so codified. Like he was
+
+171
+00:11:26,740 --> 00:11:32,840
+determined. Yes, please. As they say, I read that
+
+172
+00:11:32,840 --> 00:11:38,110
+it's a lovely poem, a lovely poem. If I read his
+
+173
+00:11:38,110 --> 00:11:40,910
+memoir, I see that there's a kind of conflict. Uh
+
+174
+00:11:40,910 --> 00:11:43,950
+-huh. What is the conflict? Who's conflicting? As
+
+175
+00:11:43,950 --> 00:11:47,130
+the sea is his enemy, he wanted the sea. Whenever
+
+176
+00:11:47,130 --> 00:11:50,010
+he writes his name, the sea comes. Very good. I
+
+177
+00:11:50,010 --> 00:11:53,890
+like this point because this mind helped us to
+
+178
+00:11:53,890 --> 00:11:57,330
+reveal the real theme of the poem. But you know
+
+179
+00:11:57,330 --> 00:12:03,170
+what? I don't like discussing the poem. I know
+
+180
+00:12:03,170 --> 00:12:06,270
+that this is your response. But let us read the
+
+181
+00:12:06,270 --> 00:12:09,040
+poem. Allowed? Did anybody read the poem aloud?
+
+182
+00:12:09,320 --> 00:12:14,740
+Yes. Okay. Yes? I read it at home. Huh? I read it
+
+183
+00:12:14,740 --> 00:12:17,100
+at home. I'm a loud person. Do you want to read it
+
+184
+00:12:17,100 --> 00:12:20,640
+now? Okay. Okay, go ahead. You come here.
+
+185
+00:12:25,860 --> 00:12:29,780
+One day I wrote her name over the stars, but come
+
+186
+00:12:29,780 --> 00:12:32,440
+the waves and washed it away. Again I wrote it
+
+187
+00:12:32,440 --> 00:12:35,520
+with the second hand, but come the tide and made
+
+188
+00:12:35,520 --> 00:12:40,810
+my baby's brain. She said she, that dust in vain
+
+189
+00:12:40,810 --> 00:12:45,850
+is a immortal thing, so that to immortalize. For I
+
+190
+00:12:45,850 --> 00:12:49,710
+myself shall lie to this design, and each my name
+
+191
+00:12:49,710 --> 00:12:51,490
+be waved up likewise.
+
+192
+00:12:54,220 --> 00:12:59,400
+You are cut-eye, lit by the taste of eyes, to die
+
+193
+00:12:59,400 --> 00:13:02,920
+in dust, but you shall live for fame, by first
+
+194
+00:13:02,920 --> 00:13:07,620
+your virtues shall interlice,
+
+195
+00:13:08,020 --> 00:13:10,680
+and in the heavens write your glorious name,
+
+196
+00:13:11,180 --> 00:13:17,260
+wherein, as death shall over the world subdue, our
+
+197
+00:13:17,260 --> 00:13:19,920
+love shall live and later lie on you.
+
+198
+00:13:24,970 --> 00:13:28,230
+I felt like they didn't have a chance in this
+
+199
+00:13:28,230 --> 00:13:30,550
+life. Maybe they will get another chance in
+
+200
+00:13:30,550 --> 00:13:34,430
+another life. Okay, so you think that in their
+
+201
+00:13:34,430 --> 00:13:38,170
+life they did not have a chance and they did not
+
+202
+00:13:38,170 --> 00:13:43,410
+enjoy their life? Okay, but no, when you were
+
+203
+00:13:43,410 --> 00:13:46,970
+reading my, you know, I felt like you were
+
+204
+00:13:46,970 --> 00:13:49,670
+interacting with him, yes? Actually, I thought the
+
+205
+00:13:49,670 --> 00:13:52,050
+conflict was not between the sea, it was between
+
+206
+00:13:52,050 --> 00:13:55,670
+the time itself as life. Ah, the time, so the
+
+207
+00:13:55,670 --> 00:13:58,110
+conflict is with time. Time, it reminds me like
+
+208
+00:13:58,110 --> 00:14:00,710
+the sand. Is he mentioning time here? No. I think
+
+209
+00:14:00,710 --> 00:14:04,490
+yes, because the word time, you know, in
+
+210
+00:14:04,490 --> 00:14:07,270
+Elizabethan time, it was interchangeable with
+
+211
+00:14:07,270 --> 00:14:11,310
+time. So yes, he's in conflict with time. You
+
+212
+00:14:11,310 --> 00:14:14,150
+know, the time, in the Mesopotamian time, you
+
+213
+00:14:14,150 --> 00:14:17,790
+know, was named, time was named sad immortality.
+
+214
+00:14:17,890 --> 00:14:20,470
+Later, Shakespeare's poem, we're going to see,
+
+215
+00:14:20,590 --> 00:14:24,850
+like, time is referred to as sad immortality, as
+
+216
+00:14:24,850 --> 00:14:29,710
+the most, you know, ferocious, you know, thing
+
+217
+00:14:29,710 --> 00:14:34,730
+which devours all the gains and pleasures of life.
+
+218
+00:14:35,130 --> 00:14:37,310
+You see what I mean? So, it would be very
+
+219
+00:14:37,310 --> 00:14:40,880
+disturbing to them. Actually, the use of sand also
+
+220
+00:14:40,880 --> 00:14:43,700
+might be with you know, the sand clock like it's
+
+221
+00:14:43,700 --> 00:14:46,020
+had to be ended at the time. So it was
+
+222
+00:14:46,020 --> 00:14:51,480
+challenging. Yes. But I like to focus on the woman
+
+223
+00:14:51,480 --> 00:14:54,400
+thing because I felt like this is the first time a
+
+224
+00:14:54,400 --> 00:14:57,260
+woman is given a voice in the world. Excellent. I
+
+225
+00:14:57,260 --> 00:14:58,900
+like this. Yeah,
+
+226
+00:15:01,500 --> 00:15:04,780
+she's given a voice. Yeah. You know, I think I
+
+227
+00:15:04,780 --> 00:15:09,150
+feel the spirit of liberalism here you know like
+
+228
+00:15:09,150 --> 00:15:11,570
+it seems like these people are getting more
+
+229
+00:15:11,570 --> 00:15:16,290
+liberal are not like they are not in the cloak of
+
+230
+00:15:16,290 --> 00:15:19,970
+a cordial love where a woman is like deprived you
+
+231
+00:15:19,970 --> 00:15:23,930
+know she's her voice is subdued but here we have a
+
+232
+00:15:23,930 --> 00:15:27,430
+woman who's given a voice but still like this
+
+233
+00:15:27,430 --> 00:15:31,050
+voice is very faint because she's being shut up by
+
+234
+00:15:31,050 --> 00:15:35,110
+a man saying not so could I you know I'm not like
+
+235
+00:15:35,110 --> 00:15:38,660
+you to interact further with the poem and like,
+
+236
+00:15:39,260 --> 00:15:44,820
+you know, just read. Yes, the narrative, you know,
+
+237
+00:15:44,900 --> 00:15:48,040
+and then the drama. So does anybody want to give a
+
+238
+00:15:48,040 --> 00:15:55,740
+try before I myself improvise? Yes, sure. One day
+
+239
+00:15:55,740 --> 00:16:00,610
+I wrote her name upon a stamp, a strand. but came
+
+240
+00:16:00,610 --> 00:16:05,610
+waves and wished it away. Again I wrote it with a
+
+241
+00:16:05,610 --> 00:16:09,990
+second hand, but came the tide and made my pain
+
+242
+00:16:09,990 --> 00:16:15,970
+his free. Vain man, she said, said she, the dust
+
+243
+00:16:15,970 --> 00:16:21,850
+in vain I say, a mortal thing so to mortalize, for
+
+244
+00:16:21,850 --> 00:16:27,260
+I myself shall like to this decay. And did my name
+
+245
+00:16:27,260 --> 00:16:34,620
+be wiped out likewise? Not so, could I. Let base
+
+246
+00:16:34,620 --> 00:16:38,680
+of things devise, To die in dust, but you shall
+
+247
+00:16:38,680 --> 00:16:42,900
+live by fame, By this your virtues will shall
+
+248
+00:16:42,900 --> 00:16:47,340
+eternize, And in the heavens write your glorious
+
+249
+00:16:47,340 --> 00:16:51,740
+name, Where, when, as death shall all the world
+
+250
+00:16:51,740 --> 00:16:57,800
+subdue. Allah shall live and let her life free
+
+251
+00:16:57,800 --> 00:17:03,680
+you. I think you captured the spirit of the poem.
+
+252
+00:17:04,500 --> 00:17:06,540
+How about let me stretch it a little bit, you
+
+253
+00:17:06,540 --> 00:17:09,920
+know, to stretch because, you know, I'm going to
+
+254
+00:17:09,920 --> 00:17:13,080
+stretch it perhaps to make you get into the poem
+
+255
+00:17:13,080 --> 00:17:18,640
+more and more. So one day I wrote her name upon
+
+256
+00:17:18,640 --> 00:17:22,420
+this track, marking the waves and washed it away.
+
+257
+00:17:23,440 --> 00:17:27,400
+Again, I wrote it with a second pen. My kidney
+
+258
+00:17:27,400 --> 00:17:32,480
+tied and made my veins vain. The vain man, said
+
+259
+00:17:32,480 --> 00:17:36,400
+she, the dust in vain, a saint, a mortal thing
+
+260
+00:17:36,400 --> 00:17:39,840
+sought to immortalize? Could I myself lie to this
+
+261
+00:17:39,840 --> 00:17:45,100
+decay and keep my name revived likewise? Not so,
+
+262
+00:17:45,200 --> 00:17:49,460
+could I. Lit bays of things devised to die in
+
+263
+00:17:49,460 --> 00:17:53,820
+dust, but you shall live by fame. My verse? My
+
+264
+00:17:53,820 --> 00:17:57,820
+virtue of virtues, prayer shall eternize, and in
+
+265
+00:17:57,820 --> 00:18:01,600
+the heavens rise to a glorious name, where as
+
+266
+00:18:01,600 --> 00:18:05,740
+death shall all the worlds subdue, our love shall
+
+267
+00:18:05,740 --> 00:18:11,360
+live and later life renew. I wanted to make it
+
+268
+00:18:11,360 --> 00:18:15,460
+more dramatic, but as you see here, it's a very
+
+269
+00:18:15,460 --> 00:18:20,500
+interesting image. And I think we might like the
+
+270
+00:18:20,500 --> 00:18:23,210
+sincerity of the poem. What is the flower doing on
+
+271
+00:18:23,210 --> 00:18:27,870
+the, you know? It's a childish behavior, isn't it?
+
+272
+00:18:28,650 --> 00:18:32,590
+It's childish. Like this is what we usually do,
+
+273
+00:18:32,890 --> 00:18:35,690
+like, it's very childish. So he tried to write her
+
+274
+00:18:35,690 --> 00:18:40,550
+name. But what happened? One day I wrote her name
+
+275
+00:18:40,550 --> 00:18:46,510
+upon this map. But came the waves and washed away.
+
+276
+00:18:47,990 --> 00:18:50,710
+Okay, you know, this is like the literal meaning.
+
+277
+00:18:51,150 --> 00:18:55,970
+The waves, okay, we're talking about the waves as
+
+278
+00:18:55,970 --> 00:19:00,850
+being antagonistic to the poets, you know, like
+
+279
+00:19:00,850 --> 00:19:05,410
+attempts to write the name, okay? But here we
+
+280
+00:19:05,410 --> 00:19:08,510
+have, you know, to see that it doesn't mean the
+
+281
+00:19:08,510 --> 00:19:13,130
+waves. Later, the waves might be a metonymy, you
+
+282
+00:19:13,130 --> 00:19:15,810
+know? Because as you said, there is a conflict
+
+283
+00:19:15,810 --> 00:19:18,930
+here. You know, the poet is disturbed, so we don't
+
+284
+00:19:18,930 --> 00:19:22,410
+have to think of the waves as the waves, you know?
+
+285
+00:19:22,790 --> 00:19:28,110
+They might be metonymy for like forces, some
+
+286
+00:19:28,110 --> 00:19:32,550
+obstacles, some problems, you know, certain
+
+287
+00:19:32,550 --> 00:19:36,650
+concerns, but let's take it literally first and
+
+288
+00:19:36,650 --> 00:19:40,410
+then start to think, because here we need to think
+
+289
+00:19:40,410 --> 00:19:44,290
+again of like the philosophical background of the
+
+290
+00:19:44,290 --> 00:19:48,450
+Elizabethan, the ideal of immortality, and like a
+
+291
+00:19:48,450 --> 00:19:52,450
+famous theme called the theme of mutability, like
+
+292
+00:19:52,450 --> 00:19:56,510
+changeability, which was a very central theme to
+
+293
+00:19:56,510 --> 00:20:00,470
+the Aztec mythology. One day I wrote her name upon
+
+294
+00:20:00,470 --> 00:20:04,390
+this hand, but came the waves and washed it away.
+
+295
+00:20:07,390 --> 00:20:12,110
+Again, I wrote it with a second hand. So when you
+
+296
+00:20:12,110 --> 00:20:14,050
+say, again, I wrote it with a second hand, what do
+
+297
+00:20:14,050 --> 00:20:17,850
+you understand about the poem? He is what? Yeah,
+
+298
+00:20:17,870 --> 00:20:23,570
+he's persistent. He persists. He doesn't give up.
+
+299
+00:20:24,150 --> 00:20:28,290
+Again, I wrote it with a second hand. But came the
+
+300
+00:20:28,290 --> 00:20:33,890
+tide and made my pains his prey. Look at the tide.
+
+301
+00:20:38,390 --> 00:20:43,750
+Tide is very gracious, very wild, isn't it? Look
+
+302
+00:20:43,750 --> 00:20:47,450
+at the image here. Tide is like what? like a
+
+303
+00:20:47,450 --> 00:20:54,310
+beast, a wild beast, which plays on the humble
+
+304
+00:20:54,310 --> 00:20:59,790
+efforts of the poet to immortalize the name of his
+
+305
+00:20:59,790 --> 00:21:03,630
+wife. It is, you know, he's here like it is his
+
+306
+00:21:03,630 --> 00:21:06,650
+wife, you know, which makes the poet more
+
+307
+00:21:06,650 --> 00:21:09,730
+attractive, you know, because he was sincere.
+
+308
+00:21:11,510 --> 00:21:16,280
+Again, I wrote it with a second hand, but came He
+
+309
+00:21:16,280 --> 00:21:19,880
+tied and made my pants his grave. Very
+
+310
+00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:24,320
+frustrating, isn't it? So this poem ends with the
+
+311
+00:21:24,320 --> 00:21:29,120
+image of what? A frustrated man who was trying
+
+312
+00:21:29,120 --> 00:21:33,820
+many times to engrave, to write the name of his
+
+313
+00:21:33,820 --> 00:21:38,020
+wife on this strand with the hope of immortalizing
+
+314
+00:21:38,020 --> 00:21:43,920
+her. But all these attempts were foiled. You know
+
+315
+00:21:43,920 --> 00:21:46,210
+what's been foiled? did not succeed, were fooled
+
+316
+00:21:46,210 --> 00:21:50,770
+by the waves and the tide, which were very, you
+
+317
+00:21:50,770 --> 00:21:54,210
+know, tough, and they damaged everything, you
+
+318
+00:21:54,210 --> 00:21:58,030
+know? Now, I think, yes, she's given a voice.
+
+319
+00:21:59,570 --> 00:22:04,010
+She's commenting. So the lady, or his wife, must
+
+320
+00:22:04,010 --> 00:22:07,190
+have been watching him, you know? And right here,
+
+321
+00:22:07,570 --> 00:22:10,590
+the authority of, you know, a wife, so what did
+
+322
+00:22:10,590 --> 00:22:13,990
+she say? Vain man, what are you doing? You are
+
+323
+00:22:13,990 --> 00:22:17,990
+doing a vague thing, you know? As you see, like,
+
+324
+00:22:18,290 --> 00:22:22,150
+so she is underestimating what he's doing. She's
+
+325
+00:22:22,150 --> 00:22:26,670
+saying, vain man that does in vain a say. A say,
+
+326
+00:22:26,810 --> 00:22:30,870
+this is like, it is a French, it's a French verb
+
+327
+00:22:30,870 --> 00:22:35,470
+would mean try, a say, you know, like a say. I
+
+328
+00:22:35,470 --> 00:22:40,230
+think it was the fashion of those poets to season
+
+329
+00:22:40,230 --> 00:22:44,930
+their poetry with some French words, with some
+
+330
+00:22:44,930 --> 00:22:49,130
+Latin references, with some archaic words. And I
+
+331
+00:22:49,130 --> 00:22:52,110
+think we have archaic language here, like eek, the
+
+332
+00:22:52,110 --> 00:22:56,830
+word eek, which we saw in the other poem later,
+
+333
+00:22:57,590 --> 00:23:01,470
+the previous poem. A mortal thing sought to
+
+334
+00:23:01,470 --> 00:23:05,390
+immortalize. So she was referring to herself. As
+
+335
+00:23:05,390 --> 00:23:10,150
+what? As an immortal. Sorry, as immortality. As a
+
+336
+00:23:10,150 --> 00:23:15,430
+mortal, something which is, you know, subject to
+
+337
+00:23:15,430 --> 00:23:19,050
+decay, to death and disintegration. This is like
+
+338
+00:23:19,050 --> 00:23:23,150
+how we are referring to ourselves. Even as
+
+339
+00:23:23,150 --> 00:23:25,870
+Muslims, we are referring to ourselves as mortal.
+
+340
+00:23:26,650 --> 00:23:31,350
+But still, we have the image of immortality. We
+
+341
+00:23:31,350 --> 00:23:34,600
+have, as Muslims, you know it is revealed to us
+
+342
+00:23:34,600 --> 00:23:37,840
+like in Quran like what kind of life we're going
+
+343
+00:23:37,840 --> 00:23:42,420
+to have you know after this mundane life so again
+
+344
+00:23:42,420 --> 00:23:45,960
+here he has a vision of immortality but it might
+
+345
+00:23:45,960 --> 00:23:49,320
+not be like our vision you know we know like we
+
+346
+00:23:49,320 --> 00:23:52,880
+can reach immortality by being you know dedicated
+
+347
+00:23:52,880 --> 00:23:57,060
+by being you know honest sincere loyal to our
+
+348
+00:23:57,060 --> 00:24:00,540
+creator and being followers to the teachings of
+
+349
+00:24:00,540 --> 00:24:04,040
+our prophet Muhammad peace be upon him We know
+
+350
+00:24:04,040 --> 00:24:08,760
+that all these will make us reach that life of
+
+351
+00:24:08,760 --> 00:24:14,120
+immortality. But here, it is like verse. It is
+
+352
+00:24:14,120 --> 00:24:18,860
+verse. It is poetry. And it seems like poetry,
+
+353
+00:24:19,060 --> 00:24:21,380
+because he's going to write her name, as you see
+
+354
+00:24:21,380 --> 00:24:24,000
+at the end of the poem, in Hemet. So we are
+
+355
+00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:28,240
+talking about a poet who was trying to
+
+356
+00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:30,540
+immortalize.
+
+357
+00:24:31,330 --> 00:24:33,850
+by his pottery, which he thinks that his pottery
+
+358
+00:24:33,850 --> 00:24:35,170
+was divine.
+
+359
+00:24:40,310 --> 00:24:44,650
+And eek my name, be wide likewise. Not so, quote
+
+360
+00:24:44,650 --> 00:24:49,030
+I. Like, look how he's affirmative here. Not so,
+
+361
+00:24:49,470 --> 00:24:53,510
+quote I. Now he disagrees with him. So it's not a
+
+362
+00:24:53,510 --> 00:24:56,350
+problem, like, to disagree. But it seems like this
+
+363
+00:24:56,350 --> 00:24:58,630
+is a dialogue, and they are trying
+
+364
+00:25:01,770 --> 00:25:06,310
+Not so the poet, quote, I, lit by their things,
+
+365
+00:25:06,990 --> 00:25:10,610
+device. Lit by their things, assume many different
+
+366
+00:25:10,610 --> 00:25:14,170
+shapes, and whatever they want. To die in dust,
+
+367
+00:25:14,890 --> 00:25:19,250
+let them die in dust, but you shall live by faith.
+
+368
+00:25:19,750 --> 00:25:25,170
+It's very surprising how you'll be famous. My
+
+369
+00:25:25,170 --> 00:25:28,730
+verse, your virtues, rare shall eternize. My
+
+370
+00:25:28,730 --> 00:25:34,610
+verse, my poetry, it will eternize your virtues.
+
+371
+00:25:36,050 --> 00:25:40,450
+And in heaven write your glorious names. Look
+
+372
+00:25:40,450 --> 00:25:46,430
+here. You know, the poet is given a voice. The
+
+373
+00:25:46,430 --> 00:25:49,530
+poet is given a voice. It's the voice of the poet.
+
+374
+00:25:50,230 --> 00:25:55,130
+Now, when we are talking about you know, the
+
+375
+00:25:55,130 --> 00:25:57,590
+Elizabethan, we are talking about a new value
+
+376
+00:25:57,590 --> 00:26:01,170
+called the value of individualism, which I think
+
+377
+00:26:01,170 --> 00:26:05,710
+will later develop and culminates when we reach
+
+378
+00:26:05,710 --> 00:26:10,230
+Romanticism. Like here, you know, the person, the
+
+379
+00:26:10,230 --> 00:26:13,650
+poet, is given a voice to express himself, not
+
+380
+00:26:13,650 --> 00:26:17,850
+soak or die, live based on things, to die in dust,
+
+381
+00:26:18,010 --> 00:26:21,430
+but you shall live by faith, by verse. It's a
+
+382
+00:26:21,430 --> 00:26:25,180
+lyrical poem. It's, you know, like, this is like
+
+383
+00:26:25,180 --> 00:26:28,280
+the expression of an individual. My verse, your
+
+384
+00:26:28,280 --> 00:26:32,960
+virtues, where shall it arise? And in the heavens,
+
+385
+00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:36,720
+write your glorious name. And then, in the
+
+386
+00:26:36,720 --> 00:26:41,500
+couplet, where, where in heaven? When as death
+
+387
+00:26:41,500 --> 00:26:46,040
+shall all the world subdue? You know? Not in
+
+388
+00:26:46,040 --> 00:26:48,960
+heaven, of course, like here on earth. When death,
+
+389
+00:26:49,100 --> 00:26:51,740
+look at death, how it is there. Capitalized.
+
+390
+00:26:54,360 --> 00:26:58,360
+Our love shall live and later life renew. So it
+
+391
+00:26:58,360 --> 00:27:02,720
+seems like he is very ambitious. It is like he's
+
+392
+00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:06,080
+talking about after death, what will happen after
+
+393
+00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:12,820
+death. Very interesting poem. And I tried to
+
+394
+00:27:12,820 --> 00:27:17,720
+paraphrase it and to add some interpretation, but
+
+395
+00:27:17,720 --> 00:27:21,780
+I think we have to go back to the poem and to
+
+396
+00:27:21,780 --> 00:27:25,780
+interpret it Criticize it, you know, because here
+
+397
+00:27:25,780 --> 00:27:28,920
+we have frustration, we have complaint, we have,
+
+398
+00:27:29,060 --> 00:27:33,160
+you know, persistence, we have promises, we have
+
+399
+00:27:33,160 --> 00:27:39,120
+decisions taken. So for each, let's say, attitude,
+
+400
+00:27:39,580 --> 00:27:43,960
+like the poet, you know, was trying to employ the
+
+401
+00:27:43,960 --> 00:27:46,260
+language, employ the figures of speech, employ the
+
+402
+00:27:46,260 --> 00:27:49,800
+words. For example, here, if you, in the last
+
+403
+00:27:49,800 --> 00:27:54,030
+couplet, look at him when he were, you know, using
+
+404
+00:27:54,030 --> 00:27:58,810
+VV, you know, where when as death shall all the
+
+405
+00:27:58,810 --> 00:28:02,970
+words of you our love shall live and later right
+
+406
+00:28:02,970 --> 00:28:07,810
+in you and like here my verse your virtues shall
+
+407
+00:28:07,810 --> 00:28:11,010
+turn ice. I think these alliterations are the
+
+408
+00:28:11,010 --> 00:28:14,530
+alliteration here have to do with his sense of
+
+409
+00:28:14,530 --> 00:28:19,700
+persistence. I want to go further to this poem,
+
+410
+00:28:19,880 --> 00:28:25,980
+but I have to stop here. I'd like to ask you to
+
+411
+00:28:25,980 --> 00:28:30,520
+write a critique about this poem, an initial
+
+412
+00:28:30,520 --> 00:28:36,400
+critique. You can do this now. And next week,
+
+413
+00:28:36,460 --> 00:28:40,120
+we're going to look at it. But next week, I mean,
+
+414
+00:28:40,720 --> 00:28:43,300
+we're going to dedicate one class to explain this.
+
+415
+00:28:43,620 --> 00:28:47,390
+But next week, we are reading Marlow. And Marlow
+
+416
+00:28:47,390 --> 00:28:50,190
+is very interesting because I want you, when you
+
+417
+00:28:50,190 --> 00:28:53,910
+respond to Marlow, to respond in poetry. So you
+
+418
+00:28:53,910 --> 00:28:57,010
+can do this, Rohan, very well, you know, respond
+
+419
+00:28:57,010 --> 00:29:01,010
+in poetry. So it is like he's inviting, you know,
+
+420
+00:29:01,150 --> 00:29:03,650
+so I say, I'm not coming with you. Come live with
+
+421
+00:29:03,650 --> 00:29:06,010
+me and be. No, I'm not coming with you. You're
+
+422
+00:29:06,010 --> 00:29:08,990
+crazy. You know, you're lazy. You can do it in
+
+423
+00:29:08,990 --> 00:29:12,190
+poetry. Yeah, correspond in poetry, and it will be
+
+424
+00:29:12,190 --> 00:29:15,250
+a lot of fun. But as I said, the first class will
+
+425
+00:29:15,250 --> 00:29:20,210
+be dedicated to, you know, deep analysis of this
+
+426
+00:29:20,210 --> 00:29:22,890
+poem. Thank you. I'm giving you today like a short
+
+427
+00:29:22,890 --> 00:29:26,190
+lecture, but, you know, after this, you can write
+
+428
+00:29:26,190 --> 00:29:27,370
+your comment. Thank you.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/lg_09H4NqW4_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1896 @@
+1
+00:00:13,660 --> 00:00:18,520
+Assalamualaikum Good morning everybody How was the
+
+2
+00:00:18,520 --> 00:00:26,280
+weekend? Not okay? Are you excited like the
+
+3
+00:00:26,280 --> 00:00:32,920
+semester is over? Who's excited? I'm not excited,
+
+4
+00:00:33,060 --> 00:00:36,960
+you know, because I think, you know, you're good
+
+5
+00:00:36,960 --> 00:00:40,660
+students and I should continue. You're going to
+
+6
+00:00:40,660 --> 00:00:44,100
+miss this class someday. I read some reports and
+
+7
+00:00:44,100 --> 00:00:49,440
+like the students at the beginning, you know, were
+
+8
+00:00:49,440 --> 00:00:52,160
+saying, I don't know what, how we are going to
+
+9
+00:00:52,160 --> 00:00:55,580
+use, make use of this course. And then I looked at
+
+10
+00:00:55,580 --> 00:00:59,220
+their final report. I found them like praising and
+
+11
+00:00:59,220 --> 00:01:01,720
+they're going like, they felt very sad that the
+
+12
+00:01:01,720 --> 00:01:04,540
+course is over. But some students like wanted to
+
+13
+00:01:04,540 --> 00:01:09,160
+be over, you know. So this is the nature of a
+
+14
+00:01:09,160 --> 00:01:13,000
+human being. Yes, they want to graduate and we
+
+15
+00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:16,040
+understand their feelings. Good. Today is the last
+
+16
+00:01:16,040 --> 00:01:18,360
+class. It should be the last class. I'm not sure
+
+17
+00:01:18,360 --> 00:01:21,760
+how this class is going to proceed. But if we need
+
+18
+00:01:21,760 --> 00:01:24,360
+another class, I don't mind giving on Monday.
+
+19
+00:01:27,700 --> 00:01:31,940
+Today, as you see, we're going to conduct
+
+20
+00:01:31,940 --> 00:01:33,740
+stylistic analysis
+
+21
+00:01:36,310 --> 00:01:39,090
+Of course, there will be daily report. This is
+
+22
+00:01:39,090 --> 00:01:41,590
+after listening to report. So we're going to see
+
+23
+00:01:41,590 --> 00:01:48,590
+the choices created by, I mean here, we're going
+
+24
+00:01:48,590 --> 00:01:53,030
+to look at the poem and to see how the words which
+
+25
+00:01:53,030 --> 00:01:56,630
+were chosen, which were deleted here, and then
+
+26
+00:01:56,630 --> 00:01:59,050
+suggested
+
+27
+00:02:01,500 --> 00:02:05,080
+by us, and then like the words chosen by the poet,
+
+28
+00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:08,180
+how they create certain pattern, which pattern
+
+29
+00:02:08,180 --> 00:02:11,820
+they are creating, and what is the effect of that.
+
+30
+00:02:12,700 --> 00:02:15,720
+But before we start, yes, we are going to listen
+
+31
+00:02:15,720 --> 00:02:17,420
+to a report, yes?
+
+32
+00:02:31,760 --> 00:02:34,920
+Four months later, time goes so fast. I got my
+
+33
+00:02:34,920 --> 00:02:37,520
+memories and they will last. I try to keep it
+
+34
+00:02:37,520 --> 00:02:40,360
+simple because I hate goodbyes by telling myself
+
+35
+00:02:40,360 --> 00:02:43,440
+that I will remember this class. I remember all
+
+36
+00:02:43,440 --> 00:02:45,860
+the things I have gone through. There's so much I
+
+37
+00:02:45,860 --> 00:02:50,460
+can say, but words get in my way. From Wyatt to
+
+38
+00:02:50,460 --> 00:02:53,580
+Owen, it all seemed once as a never-ending line of
+
+39
+00:02:53,580 --> 00:02:56,900
+poems. So later on, when I'm sitting on my couch,
+
+40
+00:02:57,120 --> 00:02:59,980
+I'm recollecting my thoughts in tranquility, and
+
+41
+00:02:59,980 --> 00:03:04,480
+each class will flash in my memory. Or I'll go
+
+42
+00:03:04,480 --> 00:03:07,080
+with the easy way and just watch the videos. Thank
+
+43
+00:03:07,080 --> 00:03:09,520
+you very much. This is very interesting. Clap for
+
+44
+00:03:09,520 --> 00:03:15,520
+her, please. I like this. Good. Yes?
+
+45
+00:03:20,100 --> 00:03:24,360
+Good morning. December is the last month of this
+
+46
+00:03:24,360 --> 00:03:24,740
+semester.
+
+47
+00:03:35,150 --> 00:03:39,670
+Am I bus driver or train driver? Okay. It's good
+
+48
+00:03:39,670 --> 00:03:42,530
+to think of the teacher as a bus driver and the
+
+49
+00:03:42,530 --> 00:03:46,390
+students as passengers because this is metaphoric.
+
+50
+00:03:47,120 --> 00:03:50,180
+And I think, you know, if you don't give the
+
+51
+00:03:50,180 --> 00:03:53,500
+students orientation of where about you are going,
+
+52
+00:03:53,860 --> 00:03:57,160
+they're going to get, you know, astray, they are
+
+53
+00:03:57,160 --> 00:04:03,060
+going to get lost. The train crossed 40
+
+54
+00:04:03,060 --> 00:04:06,580
+situations, all of them full of different
+
+55
+00:04:06,580 --> 00:04:10,380
+features. You mean stations, right? Stations. All
+
+56
+00:04:10,380 --> 00:04:14,180
+of them full of different features. But now the
+
+57
+00:04:14,180 --> 00:04:17,060
+train is stopping in the middle of war and there
+
+58
+00:04:17,060 --> 00:04:21,560
+are soldiers who fight and die for their country.
+
+59
+00:04:22,060 --> 00:04:26,920
+Also there are a sunshine but its beams cannot
+
+60
+00:04:26,920 --> 00:04:30,560
+able to recover the soldier wound. After this
+
+61
+00:04:30,560 --> 00:04:35,020
+station, the train will finish its trip and stop
+
+62
+00:04:35,020 --> 00:04:39,020
+and arrive to the examiner. Next, the passenger
+
+63
+00:04:39,020 --> 00:04:41,250
+will leave the train. Okay, thank you very much.
+
+64
+00:04:41,670 --> 00:04:44,890
+So I think this is like the quality of, this is
+
+65
+00:04:44,890 --> 00:04:48,610
+the importance of the report. It gives you a
+
+66
+00:04:48,610 --> 00:04:51,930
+chance to reflect, to talk to yourself. It gives
+
+67
+00:04:51,930 --> 00:04:55,690
+you a chance to develop a unique monologue. And
+
+68
+00:04:55,690 --> 00:04:58,230
+this is what happened. So my interest was not like
+
+69
+00:04:58,230 --> 00:05:01,750
+to record what was happening in the class
+
+70
+00:05:01,750 --> 00:05:05,710
+literally, but perhaps like to reflect, to debate
+
+71
+00:05:05,710 --> 00:05:06,350
+with yourself.
+
+72
+00:05:09,180 --> 00:05:12,280
+Good. I know like some people want to read the
+
+73
+00:05:12,280 --> 00:05:15,020
+reports. Is anybody dying to read her report? Yes.
+
+74
+00:05:17,560 --> 00:05:19,120
+She's dying to read her report.
+
+75
+00:05:23,560 --> 00:05:28,080
+Good morning, everybody. Since we reached the last
+
+76
+00:05:28,080 --> 00:05:31,040
+course of Pottery, actually I began to have some
+
+77
+00:05:31,040 --> 00:05:34,040
+feeling of grief and I began to feel sorry. For
+
+78
+00:05:34,040 --> 00:05:36,620
+the first time I liked Pottery course without any
+
+79
+00:05:36,620 --> 00:05:39,380
+compliment because we learned many things from
+
+80
+00:05:39,380 --> 00:05:44,480
+this course and we had a lot of enjoyment. When I
+
+81
+00:05:44,480 --> 00:05:47,920
+remember that we started to approach the end of
+
+82
+00:05:47,920 --> 00:05:51,090
+that course, My tears began to drop or to fall
+
+83
+00:05:51,090 --> 00:05:54,950
+down but without any result or cause. Actually, I
+
+84
+00:05:54,950 --> 00:05:58,450
+admired Putri lecture and I'm not saying that
+
+85
+00:05:58,450 --> 00:06:01,870
+because of standing here but because this is the
+
+86
+00:06:01,870 --> 00:06:05,390
+only course I admire and I have some feeling of
+
+87
+00:06:05,390 --> 00:06:08,430
+fear. And last but not least, I thank Mr. Habib
+
+88
+00:06:08,430 --> 00:06:11,670
+because of his continual efforts in order to make
+
+89
+00:06:11,670 --> 00:06:15,610
+us love this lecture and because he provided with
+
+90
+00:06:15,610 --> 00:06:19,230
+many useful information And because he gave us a
+
+91
+00:06:19,230 --> 00:06:21,630
+lot about this course, perfect and complete
+
+92
+00:06:21,630 --> 00:06:26,410
+lecture. So put your lecture and Mr. Habib, I
+
+93
+00:06:26,410 --> 00:06:29,550
+can't say goodbye because of the case of missing
+
+94
+00:06:29,550 --> 00:06:33,070
+you. And I'm saying that without being shy. So
+
+95
+00:06:33,070 --> 00:06:35,050
+thank you very much. But you know, this is a
+
+96
+00:06:35,050 --> 00:06:36,870
+valediction report. You know what valediction
+
+97
+00:06:36,870 --> 00:06:42,250
+means? Like farewell, you know? Verification
+
+98
+00:06:42,250 --> 00:06:45,790
+report. But again, like, I'm not sure whether they
+
+99
+00:06:45,790 --> 00:06:48,410
+are going, you know, everybody here is sharing you
+
+100
+00:06:48,410 --> 00:06:53,210
+because we have some different point of views and
+
+101
+00:06:53,210 --> 00:06:55,410
+I'm interested in those different point of views.
+
+102
+00:06:55,710 --> 00:06:57,690
+You know, if you want to have a different point of
+
+103
+00:06:57,690 --> 00:07:01,760
+view, you can come. Or you can, like, let me know
+
+104
+00:07:01,760 --> 00:07:05,440
+because also I'm interested in those who do not
+
+105
+00:07:05,440 --> 00:07:08,380
+like the course. You know, this is your right to
+
+106
+00:07:08,380 --> 00:07:12,400
+like or not to like, you know? And I still
+
+107
+00:07:12,400 --> 00:07:15,160
+remember many people who started not liking the
+
+108
+00:07:15,160 --> 00:07:19,660
+course. Then when they told me about this, I made
+
+109
+00:07:19,660 --> 00:07:22,480
+them like the course. You see what I mean? So if
+
+110
+00:07:22,480 --> 00:07:24,740
+you have some reservation, you can approach me
+
+111
+00:07:24,740 --> 00:07:28,470
+even after the course. Good, today, as you see,
+
+112
+00:07:29,070 --> 00:07:34,850
+we're going to see again Wilfred Owen's utility.
+
+113
+00:07:36,010 --> 00:07:40,830
+Last time we generally discussed, if you remember,
+
+114
+00:07:41,830 --> 00:07:45,490
+the possibility of the soldier in the war, was he
+
+115
+00:07:45,490 --> 00:07:50,270
+dead or not, we paraphrased the poem. Today, we're
+
+116
+00:07:50,270 --> 00:07:54,830
+going to see the choices here.
+
+117
+00:07:58,120 --> 00:08:03,000
+and to see how the poet's choice perhaps makes
+
+118
+00:08:03,000 --> 00:08:07,360
+pattern because when we write a word, we should
+
+119
+00:08:07,360 --> 00:08:11,560
+link this word with another word in the poem. So
+
+120
+00:08:11,560 --> 00:08:16,220
+if we succeed, it means like we have certain
+
+121
+00:08:16,220 --> 00:08:20,840
+patterns created and this is good for poetry. So
+
+122
+00:08:20,840 --> 00:08:25,920
+now, move him into the sun. Like for this stanza,
+
+123
+00:08:26,580 --> 00:08:31,660
+I'm going to read for you some choices, you can
+
+124
+00:08:31,660 --> 00:08:33,440
+write them. Early,
+
+125
+00:08:36,400 --> 00:08:44,460
+shade, the word early, the word shade, the word
+
+126
+00:08:44,460 --> 00:08:52,180
+revive, the word old, Yes.
+
+127
+00:08:55,260 --> 00:09:02,320
+The word restore. The word sun. The word mourning.
+
+128
+00:09:04,480 --> 00:09:05,860
+The word grave.
+
+129
+00:09:08,340 --> 00:09:12,420
+The word kind. Rouse.
+
+130
+00:09:14,600 --> 00:09:16,280
+Bright. Hospital.
+
+131
+00:09:19,440 --> 00:09:26,730
+Okay. Now, move him into the sun. Yes, that was.
+
+132
+00:09:27,810 --> 00:09:32,130
+Now, can you substitute this by another like word,
+
+133
+00:09:32,390 --> 00:09:35,690
+the words I gave you, you know, the word I've just
+
+134
+00:09:35,690 --> 00:09:41,530
+given you? Yeah, move him into hospital. Move him
+
+135
+00:09:41,530 --> 00:09:44,350
+into the hospital. Do you think this is a good
+
+136
+00:09:44,350 --> 00:09:44,750
+choice?
+
+137
+00:09:50,640 --> 00:09:55,740
+Yeah, but like, do you think, let's see the
+
+138
+00:09:55,740 --> 00:09:56,100
+hospital.
+
+139
+00:09:59,680 --> 00:10:05,680
+So you think
+
+140
+00:10:05,680 --> 00:10:09,060
+hospital is a good choice? Grave is a good choice?
+
+141
+00:10:09,260 --> 00:10:12,000
+Because he's dead? But I don't think, you know,
+
+142
+00:10:12,640 --> 00:10:17,960
+this perhaps is a good choice. Why? Because here,
+
+143
+00:10:18,840 --> 00:10:26,060
+it seems like there was uncertainty about the
+
+144
+00:10:26,060 --> 00:10:30,820
+soldiers being, you see, and again, this is a
+
+145
+00:10:30,820 --> 00:10:36,520
+battlefield, and it is unlikely for a soldier, you
+
+146
+00:10:36,520 --> 00:10:41,500
+know, to have like a funeral, to have the funeral
+
+147
+00:10:41,500 --> 00:10:46,250
+procession in the battlefield. Soldiers who die in
+
+148
+00:10:46,250 --> 00:10:51,510
+the battlefield are not given burial soon. They're
+
+149
+00:10:51,510 --> 00:10:59,550
+not buried soon. Grave, hospital? Again, the word
+
+150
+00:10:59,550 --> 00:11:03,730
+hospital is not possible. Now the choice, the word
+
+151
+00:11:03,730 --> 00:11:08,970
+son. Do you think it makes pattern with any of
+
+152
+00:11:08,970 --> 00:11:10,770
+these words? Son.
+
+153
+00:11:13,630 --> 00:11:18,850
+Is it a good choice? This is what the poet used.
+
+154
+00:11:19,190 --> 00:11:24,630
+Why? What does it make pattern with? Where can we
+
+155
+00:11:24,630 --> 00:11:27,850
+link the word with? Yes, please. Okay, in terms of
+
+156
+00:11:27,850 --> 00:11:30,150
+the meaning, you can look at the fourth line,
+
+157
+00:11:30,310 --> 00:11:33,650
+always it awoke him. This is something like the
+
+158
+00:11:33,650 --> 00:11:36,730
+sun, this is the sun's doing. And also you can see
+
+159
+00:11:36,730 --> 00:11:40,510
+it when it comes to the poetic aspect, you can see
+
+160
+00:11:40,510 --> 00:11:45,590
+it rhyming sort of with Anson It is imperfect.
+
+161
+00:11:45,770 --> 00:11:48,270
+Good, thank you very much. So I think, you know,
+
+162
+00:11:49,190 --> 00:11:54,830
+the choice sun is a good choice. Why? Because, you
+
+163
+00:11:54,830 --> 00:11:57,550
+know, here the first stanza, it ends with the sun
+
+164
+00:11:57,550 --> 00:12:02,170
+and it, sorry, it begins with the sun and ends
+
+165
+00:12:02,170 --> 00:12:06,610
+with the sun. So if anything might rouse him, you
+
+166
+00:12:06,610 --> 00:12:09,650
+know, here, the sun will know. So it makes
+
+167
+00:12:09,650 --> 00:12:12,890
+pattern. Well, you know, it begins with the sun
+
+168
+00:12:12,890 --> 00:12:16,690
+and ends with the sun. Yes, you're right. It is
+
+169
+00:12:16,690 --> 00:12:21,570
+like here, always it woke him once because we know
+
+170
+00:12:21,570 --> 00:12:25,570
+that the sun is linked with the act of awakening.
+
+171
+00:12:28,270 --> 00:12:34,470
+But here, again, the act of awakening. Is the
+
+172
+00:12:34,470 --> 00:12:38,030
+soldier like dead or alive? Is he awake or asleep?
+
+173
+00:12:39,580 --> 00:12:43,400
+Because here in the poem, the idea of awakening is
+
+174
+00:12:43,400 --> 00:12:51,800
+there, but it is cancelled by the sense of death
+
+175
+00:12:51,800 --> 00:12:55,120
+and sleep because it is cancelled by the
+
+176
+00:12:55,120 --> 00:12:59,820
+possibility of death. So when we have awakening
+
+177
+00:12:59,820 --> 00:13:05,120
+which is cancelled by death, sometimes when we
+
+178
+00:13:05,120 --> 00:13:07,240
+expect something would happen and it doesn't
+
+179
+00:13:07,240 --> 00:13:11,480
+happen, how do we feel? We feel disappointed. We
+
+180
+00:13:11,480 --> 00:13:16,020
+feel frustrated. We feel frustrated. So usually
+
+181
+00:13:16,020 --> 00:13:21,260
+this is like the effect of the defeat of
+
+182
+00:13:21,260 --> 00:13:24,440
+expectation. When our expectations are defeated,
+
+183
+00:13:25,260 --> 00:13:28,880
+when we expect that something would happen and it
+
+184
+00:13:28,880 --> 00:13:34,660
+doesn't happen, we are disappointed. And we feel
+
+185
+00:13:34,660 --> 00:13:41,290
+that a life sometimes or things All our waiting or
+
+186
+00:13:41,290 --> 00:13:46,270
+all our expectation has been futile. You see what
+
+187
+00:13:46,270 --> 00:13:51,210
+I mean? Concentrate on this word, futile. Good.
+
+188
+00:13:51,790 --> 00:13:59,630
+Yes, again, you said sun and sun. You said
+
+189
+00:13:59,630 --> 00:14:04,230
+imperfect rhyme. Like, what would happen if the
+
+190
+00:14:04,230 --> 00:14:09,720
+rhyme is perfect? because the uncertainty is given
+
+191
+00:14:09,720 --> 00:14:12,940
+by the imperfection of the rhyme. Like you don't
+
+192
+00:14:12,940 --> 00:14:14,940
+know there's something wrong going on. You don't
+
+193
+00:14:14,940 --> 00:14:19,520
+know if he's probably alive or he's just asleep.
+
+194
+00:14:20,120 --> 00:14:25,900
+So you mean like the perfect rhyme has to do with
+
+195
+00:14:25,900 --> 00:14:33,080
+sense of certainty. It has affirmative impact on
+
+196
+00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:38,170
+us. It has positive, but here it seems like You
+
+197
+00:14:38,170 --> 00:14:42,510
+know, the writer's attitude has nothing to do with
+
+198
+00:14:42,510 --> 00:14:49,670
+any sense of agreement or musicality at all. We'll
+
+199
+00:14:49,670 --> 00:14:53,270
+discuss the rhyme there, you know. Good. Move him
+
+200
+00:14:53,270 --> 00:14:57,210
+into the sun. Gently its touch awoke him once.
+
+201
+00:14:59,830 --> 00:15:04,540
+At home whispering of fields and so on. always it
+
+202
+00:15:04,540 --> 00:15:08,400
+woke him even in France until this morning and
+
+203
+00:15:08,400 --> 00:15:12,260
+this snow. Like if you remember in the previous
+
+204
+00:15:12,260 --> 00:15:16,540
+class we discussed that it's good I see new faces
+
+205
+00:15:16,540 --> 00:15:20,020
+today, you know? Faces I have never seen before.
+
+206
+00:15:23,180 --> 00:15:25,460
+Okay, I'm talking about the sun.
+
+207
+00:15:30,740 --> 00:15:35,600
+You see, if you remember, last time we said the
+
+208
+00:15:35,600 --> 00:15:41,440
+sun is introduced as animate and inanimate at the
+
+209
+00:15:41,440 --> 00:15:47,620
+same time. How? Because the
+
+210
+00:15:47,620 --> 00:15:53,800
+sun in the grammatical code is what? Animate or
+
+211
+00:15:53,800 --> 00:15:57,540
+inanimate? Yes, inanimate. But in the poem, in the
+
+212
+00:15:57,540 --> 00:16:01,840
+context of the poem, It is animate. So here
+
+213
+00:16:01,840 --> 00:16:06,220
+figuratively, it is animate, but grammatically,
+
+214
+00:16:06,740 --> 00:16:09,320
+you know, in the language goal, it is inanimate.
+
+215
+00:16:09,700 --> 00:16:15,700
+So what do we have here? We have a kind of tension
+
+216
+00:16:15,700 --> 00:16:21,640
+between animate and inanimate, between life and
+
+217
+00:16:21,640 --> 00:16:27,160
+death. So these contrasts are created animate,
+
+218
+00:16:28,140 --> 00:16:32,670
+inanimate, And what else? Life and death. What
+
+219
+00:16:32,670 --> 00:16:45,630
+else? Sun? Sun and? Sun and? Huh? Sun and? No? We
+
+220
+00:16:45,630 --> 00:16:51,110
+don't have the moon. The star? Okay. Yeah, the
+
+221
+00:16:51,110 --> 00:16:55,730
+sun. If you don't look at the snow. So again, we
+
+222
+00:16:55,730 --> 00:16:58,390
+have You know, pattern of contrast between
+
+223
+00:16:58,390 --> 00:17:05,730
+coldness and warmth. See what I mean? So these are
+
+224
+00:17:05,730 --> 00:17:12,090
+intention, and nothing is settled. Okay, if
+
+225
+00:17:12,090 --> 00:17:21,150
+anything might, if anything might, okay, we have
+
+226
+00:17:21,150 --> 00:17:24,450
+choices I give you. Like, what about restore?
+
+227
+00:17:26,330 --> 00:17:31,450
+Restore is a good choice. You know, I gave you a
+
+228
+00:17:31,450 --> 00:17:35,170
+word restore. What about the word restore? It's a
+
+229
+00:17:35,170 --> 00:17:38,470
+good choice, isn't it? Which is a better choice?
+
+230
+00:17:38,790 --> 00:17:44,090
+Restore or Rouse? Or revive? I like revive. You
+
+231
+00:17:44,090 --> 00:17:48,850
+like revive. Why? It's sort of like giving life
+
+232
+00:17:48,850 --> 00:17:51,750
+into something. Yes. Yeah.
+
+233
+00:17:59,690 --> 00:18:05,430
+Why revive is a good choice? You like it? Does it
+
+234
+00:18:05,430 --> 00:18:07,210
+make any pattern with revive?
+
+235
+00:18:14,830 --> 00:18:18,030
+You know, but I think the word Rouse, the word
+
+236
+00:18:18,030 --> 00:18:22,310
+Rouse has to do with awakening, you know? More
+
+237
+00:18:22,310 --> 00:18:25,290
+than with revive. Revive, it has to do with
+
+238
+00:18:25,290 --> 00:18:30,310
+somebody who's fainted and you revive him. You see
+
+239
+00:18:30,310 --> 00:18:36,770
+what I mean? Yes. And again, Rouse, does it make
+
+240
+00:18:36,770 --> 00:18:44,800
+any rhyme with, you know? Rouse. Now. You see?
+
+241
+00:18:49,180 --> 00:18:54,440
+Don't you think it has assonance? Not like revive.
+
+242
+00:18:55,080 --> 00:18:58,000
+There is assonance. It makes some assonance. And
+
+243
+00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:00,360
+this assonance has to do with complaint.
+
+244
+00:19:03,580 --> 00:19:08,780
+Okay, then the son will know. The early son.
+
+245
+00:19:12,760 --> 00:19:15,320
+The early, what about the early sun? Or the
+
+246
+00:19:15,320 --> 00:19:15,820
+morning sun?
+
+247
+00:19:19,320 --> 00:19:23,680
+Do you think the early sun is a good choice? The
+
+248
+00:19:23,680 --> 00:19:27,100
+bright sun? Yeah.
+
+249
+00:19:30,600 --> 00:19:34,640
+Yeah, so you think, you know here, because it
+
+250
+00:19:34,640 --> 00:19:39,340
+seems like to us, like the soldier is dead and the
+
+251
+00:19:39,340 --> 00:19:44,460
+poet is sarcastic. So the bright sun, I think the
+
+252
+00:19:44,460 --> 00:19:46,560
+bright sun might be also sarcastic.
+
+253
+00:19:49,580 --> 00:19:52,000
+The bright sun, the bright,
+
+254
+00:19:55,360 --> 00:20:05,700
+you know. The old, ah, old with no old. And old
+
+255
+00:20:05,700 --> 00:20:10,180
+has to do with the sense of weakness, inability.
+
+256
+00:20:12,720 --> 00:20:15,640
+The meter, what do you mean the meter? The kind
+
+257
+00:20:15,640 --> 00:20:18,200
+old sun will know, or the bright sun will know.
+
+258
+00:20:18,360 --> 00:20:22,980
+It's like, it's a less, like one feet element.
+
+259
+00:20:23,920 --> 00:20:26,340
+Less syllable, you mean? The syllable itself.
+
+260
+00:20:26,660 --> 00:20:29,980
+Yeah, two syllables or one syllable. Yeah, think
+
+261
+00:20:29,980 --> 00:20:39,820
+how it wakes the seeds. Sorry, I say the old kind.
+
+262
+00:20:40,620 --> 00:20:44,270
+If we say the bright kind, It doesn't make the
+
+263
+00:20:44,270 --> 00:20:52,190
+irony. But the old kind, antithesis, you know, how
+
+264
+00:20:52,190 --> 00:20:55,570
+come you are old? Because old has to do with the
+
+265
+00:20:55,570 --> 00:21:00,330
+sense of ineffectiveness, the sense of inability,
+
+266
+00:21:00,850 --> 00:21:08,110
+and the sense of futility as well. Because if the
+
+267
+00:21:08,110 --> 00:21:14,430
+sun is unable to rouse, to awake, we feel there is
+
+268
+00:21:14,430 --> 00:21:19,510
+nothing in the world. We feel there is a sense of
+
+269
+00:21:19,510 --> 00:21:23,790
+futility. And all of this makes pattern with the
+
+270
+00:21:23,790 --> 00:21:28,970
+title of the poem, Futility. Okay, let's see the
+
+271
+00:21:28,970 --> 00:21:29,710
+second stanza.
+
+272
+00:21:34,030 --> 00:21:41,210
+It starts with think. How does like move in the
+
+273
+00:21:41,210 --> 00:21:45,710
+first stanza differ from thinking?
+
+274
+00:21:48,830 --> 00:21:55,090
+Move, move him into the sun. It's like an order.
+
+275
+00:21:56,410 --> 00:22:00,210
+It seems like the poet is indignant, is very
+
+276
+00:22:00,210 --> 00:22:07,450
+angry. But now, once, You know, the poet made sure
+
+277
+00:22:07,450 --> 00:22:12,750
+that the soldier was dead. He's no longer angry,
+
+278
+00:22:12,870 --> 00:22:18,790
+but rather he's inviting us to meditate, to think.
+
+279
+00:22:19,350 --> 00:22:25,450
+Think. Think with me. How? So he is in the mood of
+
+280
+00:22:25,450 --> 00:22:32,420
+meditating. You know, like what? Think how it once
+
+281
+00:22:32,420 --> 00:22:38,040
+wakes the seeds, how the sun wakes the seed. So
+
+282
+00:22:38,040 --> 00:22:44,080
+he's inviting us to think about what? About
+
+283
+00:22:44,080 --> 00:22:49,040
+ourselves? About what? About the sun doing what?
+
+284
+00:22:50,600 --> 00:22:55,220
+Waking, how it was giving life. So now he started
+
+285
+00:22:55,220 --> 00:23:01,220
+to ask questions about Life. Life. Think how it
+
+286
+00:23:01,220 --> 00:23:05,240
+wakes the seeds once they glaze on a cold star.
+
+287
+00:23:08,440 --> 00:23:11,360
+We say here, what?
+
+288
+00:23:14,100 --> 00:23:23,440
+Move, or stare, or walk. What about move? Think
+
+289
+00:23:23,440 --> 00:23:24,340
+how the sun moves?
+
+290
+00:23:26,990 --> 00:23:30,170
+Yeah, we have redundancy. So I think, you know
+
+291
+00:23:30,170 --> 00:23:36,510
+here, woke, because again, it makes pattern with
+
+292
+00:23:36,510 --> 00:23:42,090
+waking, you know, the sense of waking. Because
+
+293
+00:23:42,090 --> 00:23:48,910
+here, as we said, waking is an issue. Is he awake
+
+294
+00:23:48,910 --> 00:23:53,390
+or is he asleep? Woke, the clays of a cold star.
+
+295
+00:23:53,490 --> 00:23:58,950
+This is like a nice metaphor. And we're talking
+
+296
+00:23:58,950 --> 00:24:03,310
+about the clays of a cold star. What is it a
+
+297
+00:24:03,310 --> 00:24:07,530
+metaphor of? This is like a metonymy. What is the
+
+298
+00:24:07,530 --> 00:24:13,890
+cold star? It is the earth. So here he is inviting
+
+299
+00:24:13,890 --> 00:24:19,690
+us to question the meaning of what? Of life on
+
+300
+00:24:19,690 --> 00:24:25,570
+earth. So the death of a soldier made him question
+
+301
+00:24:25,570 --> 00:24:32,270
+the meaning of life in general, of cosmic life,
+
+302
+00:24:32,570 --> 00:24:37,950
+how it started. Think how it once worked, once the
+
+303
+00:24:37,950 --> 00:24:43,270
+clays of a cold star. And then our limbs so dear
+
+304
+00:24:43,270 --> 00:24:50,070
+achieved our sides full-nerved, still warm, too
+
+305
+00:24:50,070 --> 00:24:54,170
+hard to stir.
+
+306
+00:24:56,520 --> 00:24:59,340
+Do you think star is a good choice?
+
+307
+00:25:01,700 --> 00:25:08,520
+Why a good choice? Because it makes imperfect
+
+308
+00:25:08,520 --> 00:25:13,580
+rhyme with star. So here, as I told you, there is
+
+309
+00:25:13,580 --> 00:25:17,360
+nothing perfect. So choosing the imperfect rhyme
+
+310
+00:25:17,360 --> 00:25:25,850
+has to create a sense of futility. Because here
+
+311
+00:25:25,850 --> 00:25:28,810
+we're not dealing with, you know, perfect tribe.
+
+312
+00:25:30,030 --> 00:25:39,970
+Was it for this? The what? Was it for this? The
+
+313
+00:25:39,970 --> 00:25:41,350
+soldier?
+
+314
+00:25:43,110 --> 00:25:44,610
+The clay? Why the clay?
+
+315
+00:25:47,770 --> 00:25:54,340
+It's a metonymy of what? What is he? Yeah, because
+
+316
+00:25:54,340 --> 00:25:57,720
+he's linking this soldier, the death of this
+
+317
+00:25:57,720 --> 00:26:03,160
+soldier, you know, or the life of this soldier to
+
+318
+00:26:03,160 --> 00:26:07,040
+the life of the universe. And the death of this
+
+319
+00:26:07,040 --> 00:26:09,820
+soldier to the death of the whole universe. Was it
+
+320
+00:26:09,820 --> 00:26:18,660
+for this? The clay grew tall. Was it for this? Are
+
+321
+00:26:18,660 --> 00:26:24,250
+we Created to die like this? This is what he is
+
+322
+00:26:24,250 --> 00:26:34,810
+asking. Or what made, what made futile?
+
+323
+00:26:36,990 --> 00:26:39,290
+I think this is very important because it is the
+
+324
+00:26:39,290 --> 00:26:43,550
+only, what made futile?
+
+325
+00:26:45,830 --> 00:26:51,970
+Friendly? Sunbeams? Is it friendly sunbeams? No.
+
+326
+00:26:52,890 --> 00:26:57,690
+Friendly is good, I think. Why not? Because it
+
+327
+00:26:57,690 --> 00:27:01,670
+doesn't go with the context. So here the poet
+
+328
+00:27:01,670 --> 00:27:09,690
+chose what? Fatuous. It is the only word which
+
+329
+00:27:09,690 --> 00:27:14,960
+deviates from all the words in the poem. Because
+
+330
+00:27:14,960 --> 00:27:17,860
+this is most of the words in the poem or all of
+
+331
+00:27:17,860 --> 00:27:21,340
+the words are monosyllabic. And this is the word
+
+332
+00:27:21,340 --> 00:27:25,560
+fatuous, fatuous. It is like three or four
+
+333
+00:27:25,560 --> 00:27:29,220
+syllables, fatuous. And we kept, what is fatuous?
+
+334
+00:27:31,800 --> 00:27:35,680
+So this is like here, he's inviting us. And I
+
+335
+00:27:35,680 --> 00:27:39,520
+think the only pattern it patterns with is the
+
+336
+00:27:39,520 --> 00:27:41,600
+title itself, fatuous.
+
+337
+00:27:44,450 --> 00:27:48,550
+to break Earth's sleep at all. So this is a
+
+338
+00:27:48,550 --> 00:27:51,310
+rhetorical question. He's asking about the meaning
+
+339
+00:27:51,310 --> 00:27:56,010
+of life from the very beginning. Life on Earth.
+
+340
+00:27:56,270 --> 00:27:59,290
+What is the meaning of this life? Why? You know,
+
+341
+00:27:59,710 --> 00:28:03,410
+what made fatuous sunbeams? Like here, the sun
+
+342
+00:28:03,410 --> 00:28:09,210
+which woke the seeds was fatuous. Why? Because you
+
+343
+00:28:09,210 --> 00:28:13,030
+work very hard to revive, to give life, and then
+
+344
+00:28:13,890 --> 00:28:14,750
+People are dead.
+
+345
+00:28:18,370 --> 00:28:22,450
+I relied on you to read the commentary at the end
+
+346
+00:28:22,450 --> 00:28:24,810
+of the stylistic analysis, and I want to share it
+
+347
+00:28:24,810 --> 00:28:28,010
+with you quickly. Commentary A, commentary B,
+
+348
+00:28:28,530 --> 00:28:33,790
+commentary C. Perhaps, you know, the many
+
+349
+00:28:33,790 --> 00:28:38,570
+references to awakening in the poem are poignantly
+
+350
+00:28:38,570 --> 00:28:45,240
+ironic. It's page 110. It's in the appendices.
+
+351
+00:28:46,980 --> 00:28:51,160
+Just as we know that it will do no good to move
+
+352
+00:28:51,160 --> 00:28:55,080
+the soldier, so we realize that he cannot be
+
+353
+00:28:55,080 --> 00:29:00,180
+woken. He's in a sleep of death. It is death which
+
+354
+00:29:00,180 --> 00:29:03,920
+ends a short life in a word which comes to seem
+
+355
+00:29:03,920 --> 00:29:08,020
+increasingly futile. Perhaps the son should never
+
+356
+00:29:08,020 --> 00:29:11,940
+have awoken this word in the first place. Then
+
+357
+00:29:11,940 --> 00:29:15,860
+these agonies and the futilities would not have to
+
+358
+00:29:15,860 --> 00:29:18,460
+be suffered. And this is what the poet wanted to
+
+359
+00:29:18,460 --> 00:29:22,180
+say. Perhaps like there was no need for life from
+
+360
+00:29:22,180 --> 00:29:24,400
+the very beginning, then we would not have
+
+361
+00:29:24,400 --> 00:29:25,740
+suffered all of this.
+
+362
+00:29:28,600 --> 00:29:34,550
+These contrasts seem to cancel each other. like
+
+363
+00:29:34,550 --> 00:29:39,790
+life and death, working and sleeping, cold and
+
+364
+00:29:39,790 --> 00:29:44,790
+hot. These contrasts seem to cancel each other out
+
+365
+00:29:44,790 --> 00:29:48,190
+and they produce a feeling of emptiness and
+
+366
+00:29:48,190 --> 00:29:52,240
+nothingness. When we have expectation, when we
+
+367
+00:29:52,240 --> 00:29:56,620
+have things which we are counseled by each other.
+
+368
+00:29:56,960 --> 00:30:00,060
+You have snow, it is counseled by the sun. You
+
+369
+00:30:00,060 --> 00:30:03,300
+have life, it is counseled by death. So this
+
+370
+00:30:03,300 --> 00:30:07,240
+counseling effect leaves us with sense of
+
+371
+00:30:07,240 --> 00:30:10,000
+nothingness. Think of emptiness.
+
+372
+00:30:13,620 --> 00:30:16,400
+And this is what the poet wanted us to share with
+
+373
+00:30:16,400 --> 00:30:21,440
+him. Like life, which starts like this, is futile.
+
+374
+00:30:21,760 --> 00:30:26,520
+Life is meaningless. These contrasts seem to
+
+375
+00:30:26,520 --> 00:30:31,240
+cancel each other out and produce a feeling of
+
+376
+00:30:31,240 --> 00:30:34,480
+emptiness and nothingness. Most prominent among
+
+377
+00:30:34,480 --> 00:30:38,160
+these contrasts is that of waking and sleeping.
+
+378
+00:30:40,050 --> 00:30:42,470
+Commentary B, it has to do with the sun, which I
+
+379
+00:30:42,470 --> 00:30:47,530
+remarked because the sun was introduced as
+
+380
+00:30:47,530 --> 00:30:51,230
+inanimate
+
+381
+00:30:51,230 --> 00:30:54,470
+and inanimate. And again, we have this contrast.
+
+382
+00:30:55,190 --> 00:31:00,750
+You can read it. It is there. Commentary C. Notice
+
+383
+00:31:00,750 --> 00:31:03,910
+the very characteristic of use of assonance. Sun,
+
+384
+00:31:04,790 --> 00:31:12,490
+Son, Once, France, Snow, Now, No, Seeds, Sides,
+
+385
+00:31:12,910 --> 00:31:19,650
+Star, Stir, Tol, Toil, All. These half rhymes,
+
+386
+00:31:20,310 --> 00:31:24,090
+they are not full rhymes. Leave a sense of
+
+387
+00:31:24,090 --> 00:31:31,200
+incompleteness on the ear. Cheated of our
+
+388
+00:31:31,200 --> 00:31:34,820
+expectations of a rhyme, we are referred back from
+
+389
+00:31:34,820 --> 00:31:38,820
+the poem itself as a formal triumph, which it is
+
+390
+00:31:38,820 --> 00:31:42,660
+to the poem's theme, to the frustration of the
+
+391
+00:31:42,660 --> 00:31:46,240
+form. We have frustration on the form, of pattern,
+
+392
+00:31:47,460 --> 00:31:51,500
+you know, because everything is frustrated in the
+
+393
+00:31:51,500 --> 00:31:56,600
+ruthless destructiveness of war. It is war. So in
+
+394
+00:31:56,600 --> 00:32:00,100
+war, we don't expect to see patterns. We expect
+
+395
+00:32:00,100 --> 00:32:05,840
+that everything is shattered. Okay, this is, you
+
+396
+00:32:05,840 --> 00:32:08,860
+know, a mini stylistic analysis. And I think you
+
+397
+00:32:08,860 --> 00:32:11,820
+have the full stylistic analysis in your reader.
+
+398
+00:32:12,180 --> 00:32:16,340
+You can read it along with the auction. And, you
+
+399
+00:32:16,340 --> 00:32:21,200
+know, that's it for this poem. I think we still
+
+400
+00:32:21,200 --> 00:32:26,360
+have 10 minutes to talk about miscellaneous things
+
+401
+00:32:26,360 --> 00:32:31,960
+before we finish. Okay, this is your reflection as
+
+402
+00:32:31,960 --> 00:32:34,580
+I promised. I'm going to look at this reflection.
+
+403
+00:32:35,320 --> 00:32:40,860
+If your mark here in this reflection let's say, is
+
+404
+00:32:40,860 --> 00:32:44,760
+higher than the mark in the first reflection, I'll
+
+405
+00:32:44,760 --> 00:32:48,420
+stick to this. If it is less, I'll just combine
+
+406
+00:32:48,420 --> 00:32:52,040
+both of them and take the average. So this would
+
+407
+00:32:52,040 --> 00:32:58,300
+be part of the final exam, your reflection. I
+
+408
+00:32:58,300 --> 00:33:02,400
+mean, I'm not returning this to you, but I'll be
+
+409
+00:33:02,400 --> 00:33:05,880
+returning for you the response and the report.
+
+410
+00:33:07,150 --> 00:33:11,110
+Concerning the exam, first of all, before the
+
+411
+00:33:11,110 --> 00:33:15,490
+exam, if you give me your response and report, I'm
+
+412
+00:33:15,490 --> 00:33:19,730
+not going to give it today. So tomorrow if we have
+
+413
+00:33:19,730 --> 00:33:21,490
+school, I'm not sure whether we have school
+
+414
+00:33:21,490 --> 00:33:26,990
+tomorrow or not. We do? So if we have school
+
+415
+00:33:26,990 --> 00:33:30,730
+tomorrow, I'll be bringing them. If not, they will
+
+416
+00:33:30,730 --> 00:33:36,950
+be in the teacher's room. We have, you know, I
+
+417
+00:33:36,950 --> 00:33:40,230
+mean, a room for the female teachers here. I can
+
+418
+00:33:40,230 --> 00:33:45,510
+put them there and pass them to you, okay? This is
+
+419
+00:33:45,510 --> 00:33:50,170
+for like your notebooks. Concerning the exam, I
+
+420
+00:33:50,170 --> 00:33:54,620
+know you want to see which poems should not be.
+
+421
+00:33:55,460 --> 00:33:59,520
+Like what we have been examined in the midterm
+
+422
+00:33:59,520 --> 00:34:01,720
+exam will be deleted.
+
+423
+00:34:04,260 --> 00:34:11,660
+Yes. So we'll start from Shakespeare. Yes.
+
+424
+00:34:14,740 --> 00:34:19,620
+And like the first question in the exam will be
+
+425
+00:34:22,600 --> 00:34:26,160
+will be comment, it is similar to the midterm
+
+426
+00:34:26,160 --> 00:34:30,840
+question. It is similar. I give you a model, you
+
+427
+00:34:30,840 --> 00:34:34,620
+have to follow the model. Do not escape by writing
+
+428
+00:34:34,620 --> 00:34:37,900
+about the poem. Stick to the extract, show its
+
+429
+00:34:37,900 --> 00:34:42,720
+relevance, show its stylistic value and like its
+
+430
+00:34:42,720 --> 00:34:47,640
+meaning. Explain, concentrate on the extract. The
+
+431
+00:34:47,640 --> 00:34:52,100
+second question would be essay questions. essay
+
+432
+00:34:52,100 --> 00:34:55,920
+questions. I'll be giving you a statement to talk,
+
+433
+00:34:56,180 --> 00:34:59,520
+you know, about the features of a school and to
+
+434
+00:34:59,520 --> 00:35:01,580
+demonstrate, for example, romanticism,
+
+435
+00:35:01,780 --> 00:35:04,960
+metaphysical, Elizabethan, you know, for example,
+
+436
+00:35:04,980 --> 00:35:07,940
+the theme of immortality has been, and Elizabethan
+
+437
+00:35:07,940 --> 00:35:11,300
+discussed this with reference to the poems, you
+
+438
+00:35:11,300 --> 00:35:14,180
+know, you have studied. You might refer to the
+
+439
+00:35:14,180 --> 00:35:18,800
+poem with counsel, if you want. You might want to
+
+440
+00:35:18,800 --> 00:35:22,860
+refer. But it could be metaphysical, it could be
+
+441
+00:35:22,860 --> 00:35:27,120
+romantic, it could be Victorian, it could be pre
+
+442
+00:35:27,120 --> 00:35:31,640
+-romantic. See? This is an ASIC question. The most
+
+443
+00:35:31,640 --> 00:35:36,330
+important thing is to substantiate. to give
+
+444
+00:35:36,330 --> 00:35:40,670
+evidence from what you say from the poems. And I
+
+445
+00:35:40,670 --> 00:35:44,110
+might tell you two or three poems, you know. I
+
+446
+00:35:44,110 --> 00:35:49,450
+might decide, yes, in reference to one or two. I'm
+
+447
+00:35:49,450 --> 00:35:56,090
+not sure how many poems. The last question, you
+
+448
+00:35:56,090 --> 00:35:59,750
+know, usually it is unseen.
+
+449
+00:36:01,170 --> 00:36:06,690
+A poem. But usually it is unseen, and it is good.
+
+450
+00:36:07,490 --> 00:36:11,670
+But sometimes I do give a change, you know? So I'm
+
+451
+00:36:11,670 --> 00:36:14,890
+not sure what I'm going to do. I might change this
+
+452
+00:36:14,890 --> 00:36:20,730
+question. It might remain the same. Because each
+
+453
+00:36:20,730 --> 00:36:26,310
+exam has, you know, a surprise. You know,
+
+454
+00:36:26,350 --> 00:36:30,830
+something. Okay, so we'll see. It might be similar
+
+455
+00:36:30,830 --> 00:36:37,090
+to the, the mid question, which, you know. Huh?
+
+456
+00:36:37,530 --> 00:36:42,470
+Bitter? No, the unseen poem will be fine. So let's
+
+457
+00:36:42,470 --> 00:36:45,690
+see. Let's see, because you know, you didn't do
+
+458
+00:36:45,690 --> 00:36:49,950
+well with the question in the midterm. But I
+
+459
+00:36:49,950 --> 00:36:53,390
+think, you know, it might, it is a possibility. It
+
+460
+00:36:53,390 --> 00:36:57,700
+could be within it. You see? Two questions lie
+
+461
+00:36:57,700 --> 00:37:01,480
+together. Now at the end, I have nothing except
+
+462
+00:37:01,480 --> 00:37:09,120
+thanking you. I know I was very hard, very tough
+
+463
+00:37:09,120 --> 00:37:13,380
+with those students who were not coming. I
+
+464
+00:37:13,380 --> 00:37:17,060
+succeeded. And this is what I felt in making you
+
+465
+00:37:17,060 --> 00:37:20,220
+work hard. And this is what I wanted. And I wish
+
+466
+00:37:20,220 --> 00:37:23,220
+all of you that you would succeed. If you need
+
+467
+00:37:23,220 --> 00:37:26,460
+anything, just let me know either by sending an
+
+468
+00:37:26,460 --> 00:37:32,170
+email or like seeing me in my office. Okay, I
+
+469
+00:37:32,170 --> 00:37:35,890
+might add additional office hours like to meet
+
+470
+00:37:35,890 --> 00:37:39,550
+you. So I'll be like on Sunday as well. I'm
+
+471
+00:37:39,550 --> 00:37:45,130
+Monday, as you know, from 11 to 12, but I'll be on
+
+472
+00:37:45,130 --> 00:37:52,610
+Sunday also from 9.30 to 12. I'll be waiting for
+
+473
+00:37:52,610 --> 00:37:55,690
+you if you need anything. Sunday and Tuesday.
+
+474
+00:37:56,090 --> 00:37:56,790
+Thank you very much.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/n2-IwA_8ZHs_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1752 @@
+1
+00:00:12,480 --> 00:00:17,880
+Good morning everybody. I'm not sure whether you
+
+2
+00:00:17,880 --> 00:00:22,120
+are excited or not because our classes are about
+
+3
+00:00:22,120 --> 00:00:27,540
+to be over. Are you excited? Yeah, I don't know,
+
+4
+00:00:27,620 --> 00:00:31,480
+you should listen, you should have listened to
+
+5
+00:00:31,480 --> 00:00:35,660
+Sarah Ali yesterday. She put me to tears when she
+
+6
+00:00:35,660 --> 00:00:40,640
+read her goodbye report and I'm going to ask her
+
+7
+00:00:40,640 --> 00:00:47,780
+to post this on like the page itself. So she felt
+
+8
+00:00:47,780 --> 00:00:50,380
+sorry that it is over and I feel that she enjoyed
+
+9
+00:00:51,570 --> 00:00:54,550
+writing her reports. And I'm sure some students
+
+10
+00:00:54,550 --> 00:00:57,670
+have the same feelings. Others who want, like, the
+
+11
+00:00:57,670 --> 00:01:02,290
+course to be, you know, done, you know, they
+
+12
+00:01:02,290 --> 00:01:04,830
+didn't feel the same. But this is, like, the
+
+13
+00:01:04,830 --> 00:01:08,650
+nature of humanity. Now, I need, like, to listen
+
+14
+00:01:08,650 --> 00:01:11,910
+to a report. Perhaps it is similar or different.
+
+15
+00:01:12,670 --> 00:01:19,030
+So, Rawan seems to... Okay. So, who's ready to
+
+16
+00:01:19,030 --> 00:01:20,150
+report for us today?
+
+17
+00:01:23,280 --> 00:01:28,420
+Only one? What about the others? I might collect
+
+18
+00:01:28,420 --> 00:01:30,960
+your report today. Do you know that? And yes,
+
+19
+00:01:31,180 --> 00:01:33,660
+Saturday. Okay.
+
+20
+00:01:38,020 --> 00:01:41,700
+I have a paper, I have a pen, but nothing to say.
+
+21
+00:01:42,220 --> 00:01:45,040
+It is the end of this semester. Maybe it is the
+
+22
+00:01:45,040 --> 00:01:48,040
+last lecture of the poetry course. Last night when
+
+23
+00:01:48,040 --> 00:01:50,900
+I came to write my daily report, I was confused
+
+24
+00:01:50,900 --> 00:01:55,600
+because it might be my last one. So my feeling was
+
+25
+00:01:55,600 --> 00:02:01,620
+very sad because I will miss writing report and
+
+26
+00:02:01,620 --> 00:02:05,500
+response. Actually, this course gives the chance
+
+27
+00:02:05,500 --> 00:02:08,230
+for my mind to imagine Think deeply about
+
+28
+00:02:08,230 --> 00:02:11,210
+everything and to see the things in another way
+
+29
+00:02:11,210 --> 00:02:14,910
+The teacher was brilliant and I enjoyed I should
+
+30
+00:02:14,910 --> 00:02:16,930
+like talk about your father-in-law in this way
+
+31
+00:02:16,930 --> 00:02:17,670
+Thank you very much
+
+32
+00:02:20,480 --> 00:02:24,800
+and I enjoyed with all the lectures. I'm standing
+
+33
+00:02:24,800 --> 00:02:27,320
+here today to say thank you, my teacher, about
+
+34
+00:02:27,320 --> 00:02:31,460
+that you gives us, about the things that you give
+
+35
+00:02:31,460 --> 00:02:34,800
+us during this period, and good luck for all.
+
+36
+00:02:34,960 --> 00:02:38,780
+Thank you very much. In fact, yes, Rawan, I know,
+
+37
+00:02:38,920 --> 00:02:43,300
+like, she's very polite and she, you know, wants
+
+38
+00:02:43,300 --> 00:02:46,400
+to balance. I do respect her because, you know,
+
+39
+00:02:48,540 --> 00:02:52,100
+She knows how to put boundaries between me as
+
+40
+00:02:52,100 --> 00:02:54,760
+being a teacher and her father-in-law, you know?
+
+41
+00:02:55,320 --> 00:02:57,940
+And in fact, she's very fussy. She's more fussy
+
+42
+00:02:57,940 --> 00:03:00,300
+even, like my daughter, the other daughter, she's
+
+43
+00:03:00,300 --> 00:03:03,980
+fussy. And they're worried. Are they going to make
+
+44
+00:03:03,980 --> 00:03:07,120
+it? Are they going to pass? They're worried, you
+
+45
+00:03:07,120 --> 00:03:10,440
+know? And even my daughter, like the other
+
+46
+00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:13,580
+daughter, is very fussy. And I'm not sure if they
+
+47
+00:03:13,580 --> 00:03:16,950
+are going to pass or not, you know? Because this
+
+48
+00:03:16,950 --> 00:03:20,530
+is, you know... But I pray for them to pass. You
+
+49
+00:03:20,530 --> 00:03:22,890
+see what I mean? I pray for everybody, of course.
+
+50
+00:03:23,250 --> 00:03:27,110
+Not for them, but because I feel that all of you
+
+51
+00:03:27,110 --> 00:03:32,890
+are my daughters, you know? Good. Do we have
+
+52
+00:03:32,890 --> 00:03:39,310
+another lovely report? Bad report. In fact, I was
+
+53
+00:03:39,310 --> 00:03:46,890
+very happy when I met... What? Reem, yesterday she
+
+54
+00:03:46,890 --> 00:03:52,310
+came to apologize for what she did. But I don't
+
+55
+00:03:52,310 --> 00:03:55,610
+want to bring her today to say it orally. If she
+
+56
+00:03:55,610 --> 00:03:59,210
+wants to exonerate herself, she can come and say a
+
+57
+00:03:59,210 --> 00:04:03,430
+couple of words orally. You see? If you want. I
+
+58
+00:04:03,430 --> 00:04:07,070
+don't know. I'm not forcing you. Because she is
+
+59
+00:04:07,070 --> 00:04:12,380
+still shy. But I'm telling you, Reem, You know,
+
+60
+00:04:12,440 --> 00:04:15,660
+you must have courage you should stand it's not
+
+61
+00:04:15,660 --> 00:04:20,920
+like difficult, you know It's easy like to stand
+
+62
+00:04:20,920 --> 00:04:24,180
+in front of people and talk anyway, I don't want
+
+63
+00:04:24,180 --> 00:04:31,400
+to Waste more time talking nothing nonsense What
+
+64
+00:04:31,400 --> 00:04:38,700
+about The soldier this problem you have Have you?
+
+65
+00:04:39,530 --> 00:04:41,570
+Read this poem because I asked you to read this
+
+66
+00:04:41,570 --> 00:04:46,390
+poem before futility. Have you read this poem? The
+
+67
+00:04:46,390 --> 00:04:50,250
+Soldier. Yeah, what do you want to say? Just I
+
+68
+00:04:50,250 --> 00:04:56,590
+want to say that the poet of this poem is famous
+
+69
+00:04:56,590 --> 00:05:00,010
+of his writing about the war. So I think that
+
+70
+00:05:00,010 --> 00:05:02,630
+this, the whole idea of that poem talks about the
+
+71
+00:05:02,630 --> 00:05:05,810
+war generally. So I understand that you read
+
+72
+00:05:05,810 --> 00:05:08,670
+something about the poet before reading the poem.
+
+73
+00:05:09,450 --> 00:05:17,170
+And you read that this man was writing poetry pro
+
+74
+00:05:17,170 --> 00:05:23,190
+or anti-war. Was it pro-war? So he was encouraging
+
+75
+00:05:23,190 --> 00:05:30,650
+war. Was he? He was against war, this man. Okay.
+
+76
+00:05:33,850 --> 00:05:38,370
+Like this man, we are talking about Brooke, Robert
+
+77
+00:05:38,370 --> 00:05:44,650
+Brooke. We're not talking about Wilfred Owen. You
+
+78
+00:05:44,650 --> 00:05:47,030
+know, she's talking about Brook, who wrote The
+
+79
+00:05:47,030 --> 00:05:51,710
+Soldier. Have you read this poem? How many of you
+
+80
+00:05:51,710 --> 00:05:57,090
+have read this poem? Okay, okay, I told you this
+
+81
+00:05:57,090 --> 00:06:04,190
+is like... Pardon? I think it's a coach who's
+
+82
+00:06:04,190 --> 00:06:05,310
+going for a walk
+
+83
+00:06:10,490 --> 00:06:15,190
+Yes, he's calling for war. He's promoting war.
+
+84
+00:06:18,390 --> 00:06:22,110
+Yes, if I should die, I should die for England.
+
+85
+00:06:22,690 --> 00:06:25,850
+Okay, good. What other response do we have?
+
+86
+00:06:29,130 --> 00:06:34,640
+Is it nice to die here? Is it nice to die? Because
+
+87
+00:06:34,640 --> 00:06:37,560
+sometimes you feel that death is not intimidating,
+
+88
+00:06:37,820 --> 00:06:42,320
+that death is not frightening. I think, you know,
+
+89
+00:06:42,780 --> 00:06:46,860
+I'm sorry, it seems like most of you have not read
+
+90
+00:06:46,860 --> 00:06:51,140
+the poem. That is like what I see. But let me read
+
+91
+00:06:51,140 --> 00:06:59,080
+it for you. If I should die, think only this of
+
+92
+00:06:59,080 --> 00:07:03,230
+me. that there is some corner of a foreign field
+
+93
+00:07:03,230 --> 00:07:09,210
+that is forever England. There shall be in that
+
+94
+00:07:09,210 --> 00:07:14,910
+rich earth a richer dust concealed, a dust whom
+
+95
+00:07:14,910 --> 00:07:20,970
+England bore, shaped, made aware, gave once her
+
+96
+00:07:20,970 --> 00:07:25,500
+flowers to love her ways to roam. a body of
+
+97
+00:07:25,500 --> 00:07:29,480
+England's breathing English air washed by the
+
+98
+00:07:29,480 --> 00:07:36,840
+rivers blessed by sons of home and think and think
+
+99
+00:07:36,840 --> 00:07:44,820
+only this of me and
+
+100
+00:07:44,820 --> 00:07:50,860
+think and think this heart all evil shit away a
+
+101
+00:07:50,860 --> 00:07:54,980
+pulse in the eternal mind no less give somewhere
+
+102
+00:07:54,980 --> 00:07:59,020
+back the thoughts by England's given, her sighs,
+
+103
+00:07:59,400 --> 00:08:03,860
+her sights and sounds, dreams happy as her day and
+
+104
+00:08:03,860 --> 00:08:07,540
+laughter learned of friends and gentlemen and
+
+105
+00:08:07,540 --> 00:08:11,980
+gentleness in heart at peace under an English
+
+106
+00:08:11,980 --> 00:08:21,660
+heaven. What do you think? Is it beautiful? Why?
+
+107
+00:08:22,760 --> 00:08:27,500
+If I should die? Very sad, huh? But like what
+
+108
+00:08:27,500 --> 00:08:30,120
+would happen? You know, like he's here speculating
+
+109
+00:08:30,120 --> 00:08:37,240
+that if he died, what should we think of him? As a
+
+110
+00:08:37,240 --> 00:08:46,340
+hero. As a hero. Who gave his life for the sake of
+
+111
+00:08:46,340 --> 00:08:50,060
+his country. Because his country, England, was
+
+112
+00:08:50,060 --> 00:08:55,150
+like what? You see, we are having England here.
+
+113
+00:08:55,430 --> 00:08:58,890
+It's like there is a metaphor. England is like
+
+114
+00:08:58,890 --> 00:09:02,970
+what? You know, what is the relationship between
+
+115
+00:09:02,970 --> 00:09:07,490
+England and the poet? Like his mother, who was
+
+116
+00:09:07,490 --> 00:09:10,090
+taking care of him. You know, who was this and
+
+117
+00:09:10,090 --> 00:09:14,310
+that. This is how you think of me. Think of me as
+
+118
+00:09:14,310 --> 00:09:18,610
+a hero who sacrificed for the sake of his country.
+
+119
+00:09:19,290 --> 00:09:23,630
+So I think when we are having a soldier talking in
+
+120
+00:09:23,630 --> 00:09:27,470
+this way, you know, the idea of death is not
+
+121
+00:09:27,470 --> 00:09:33,450
+becoming very frightening or intimidating. See
+
+122
+00:09:33,450 --> 00:09:37,430
+what I mean? Look here. Do you think this is very
+
+123
+00:09:37,430 --> 00:09:43,100
+romantic? It is. You know, the idea of death is
+
+124
+00:09:43,100 --> 00:09:47,620
+romanticized. Why? What would happen to his body?
+
+125
+00:09:48,640 --> 00:09:55,280
+It will be mixed with rivers, water, dust. So it
+
+126
+00:09:55,280 --> 00:10:00,220
+will be part of nature. It will be united with
+
+127
+00:10:00,220 --> 00:10:04,300
+nature. This is very romantic. It is very
+
+128
+00:10:04,300 --> 00:10:07,120
+romantic, you know, because when he dies, the body
+
+129
+00:10:07,120 --> 00:10:13,800
+will be mixed with nature. Look, If I should die,
+
+130
+00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:19,700
+think only this of me. What should we think of
+
+131
+00:10:19,700 --> 00:10:23,540
+him? That there is some corner of a foreign field,
+
+132
+00:10:23,620 --> 00:10:27,360
+a corner of a foreign field where I'm buried. That
+
+133
+00:10:27,360 --> 00:10:30,980
+is forever England, which is England. Look here,
+
+134
+00:10:31,100 --> 00:10:33,960
+he thinks of himself as England.
+
+135
+00:10:37,620 --> 00:10:40,820
+There shall be, you know, in that corner, sorry,
+
+136
+00:10:41,040 --> 00:10:43,900
+it's like think that there is some corner of a
+
+137
+00:10:43,900 --> 00:10:47,540
+foreign field, you know, that is forever England,
+
+138
+00:10:48,260 --> 00:10:51,680
+which is England. There shall be in that rich
+
+139
+00:10:51,680 --> 00:10:57,420
+earth, a richer dust concealed. So he is referring
+
+140
+00:10:57,420 --> 00:11:03,460
+to his dead body as? As a dust, but it is a rich
+
+141
+00:11:03,460 --> 00:11:10,260
+dust. It is a rich dust. Why? Because he
+
+142
+00:11:10,260 --> 00:11:14,780
+sacrificed for the sake of his country. And he
+
+143
+00:11:14,780 --> 00:11:18,500
+sacrificed for the sake of his country. Why? You
+
+144
+00:11:18,500 --> 00:11:21,920
+know, because his country gave him everything.
+
+145
+00:11:22,600 --> 00:11:25,120
+What did his, you know, what did he, what did the
+
+146
+00:11:25,120 --> 00:11:29,540
+country give him? Look here. Gave once her flowers
+
+147
+00:11:29,540 --> 00:11:32,760
+to love, her ways to roam. Like it gave him love.
+
+148
+00:11:33,440 --> 00:11:38,490
+It gave him, you know, the air he breathed. You
+
+149
+00:11:38,490 --> 00:11:45,430
+know, it gave him life. So he is returning back
+
+150
+00:11:45,430 --> 00:11:49,050
+the life that his country... Look how here, how he
+
+151
+00:11:49,050 --> 00:11:52,390
+identifies himself. How he... This is very
+
+152
+00:11:52,390 --> 00:11:56,770
+patriotic, isn't it? And, you know, I think in our
+
+153
+00:11:56,770 --> 00:12:01,950
+case as Palestinians, we might, you know, feel the
+
+154
+00:12:01,950 --> 00:12:06,910
+same when we are defending, you know, our country.
+
+155
+00:12:08,320 --> 00:12:13,040
+We are ready to die for our country. We are ready
+
+156
+00:12:13,040 --> 00:12:16,500
+to die for Palestine. I think all of us as
+
+157
+00:12:16,500 --> 00:12:21,440
+Palestinians. But we are not ready to die like if
+
+158
+00:12:21,440 --> 00:12:24,880
+we are attacking somebody, you know? Like who did
+
+159
+00:12:24,880 --> 00:12:27,980
+nothing for us. We are not ready. This is like,
+
+160
+00:12:28,540 --> 00:12:35,420
+you know, this is not a noble cause. Now here in
+
+161
+00:12:35,420 --> 00:12:35,740
+England,
+
+162
+00:12:39,320 --> 00:12:44,440
+Yes, that was the spirit before the war. This poem
+
+163
+00:12:44,440 --> 00:12:47,300
+was written in 1915.
+
+164
+00:12:48,860 --> 00:12:52,620
+And, you know, it was pre-war. No, it was pre-war.
+
+165
+00:12:53,800 --> 00:12:58,480
+It was, yeah, 14, you know, like, Fourteen, you
+
+166
+00:12:58,480 --> 00:13:01,680
+know, it was before the war. One year before he
+
+167
+00:13:01,680 --> 00:13:04,420
+died, perhaps, I'm not sure. He died in, you know,
+
+168
+00:13:04,500 --> 00:13:08,480
+like that year. But he was writing poetry to
+
+169
+00:13:08,480 --> 00:13:13,560
+encourage people to go to war. And you know which
+
+170
+00:13:13,560 --> 00:13:20,760
+war he was talking? A war of expansion. A war of
+
+171
+00:13:20,760 --> 00:13:28,120
+colonization. That's why we might not agree Do you
+
+172
+00:13:28,120 --> 00:13:30,380
+agree with the poet here? Like if he's taking
+
+173
+00:13:30,380 --> 00:13:33,440
+like, okay, you are ready to die for the sake to
+
+174
+00:13:33,440 --> 00:13:35,780
+defend your country, but not to defend your
+
+175
+00:13:35,780 --> 00:13:38,620
+country and to attack other countries, you know?
+
+176
+00:13:39,660 --> 00:13:42,920
+If we're talking about, but that was part of the
+
+177
+00:13:42,920 --> 00:13:46,460
+colonial discourse of that time. So they were
+
+178
+00:13:46,460 --> 00:13:53,890
+encouraging young men to go and fight in war. You
+
+179
+00:13:53,890 --> 00:13:56,770
+know, a body of England's breathing English air,
+
+180
+00:13:57,290 --> 00:14:01,550
+washed by the rivers, blessed by the sun, washed
+
+181
+00:14:01,550 --> 00:14:04,610
+by its river. My body is washed by its river,
+
+182
+00:14:05,430 --> 00:14:09,390
+blessed by the sun of home. And I think there's a
+
+183
+00:14:09,390 --> 00:14:12,750
+pun, by the sun of home, because sun, you know, in
+
+184
+00:14:12,750 --> 00:14:15,710
+English, you know, in Christianity means sun,
+
+185
+00:14:16,810 --> 00:14:23,040
+Jesus, you know? And think this hard. All evil
+
+186
+00:14:23,040 --> 00:14:27,380
+sheds away. Think of this heart. It is a heart
+
+187
+00:14:27,380 --> 00:14:33,160
+which got rid of the evil it has. A pulse in the
+
+188
+00:14:33,160 --> 00:14:36,580
+eternal mind. Notice, I'm a pulse, you know, part
+
+189
+00:14:36,580 --> 00:14:40,000
+of England. Look how he identifies himself with
+
+190
+00:14:40,000 --> 00:14:45,000
+England, his country. A pulse, a body, a heart
+
+191
+00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:51,280
+gives somewhere back the thoughts by England
+
+192
+00:14:51,280 --> 00:14:54,100
+given. Giving back, you know, you are dying for
+
+193
+00:14:54,100 --> 00:14:57,100
+the same country, you are returning back all what
+
+194
+00:14:57,100 --> 00:15:01,160
+you have been given. So it is not a kind of loss.
+
+195
+00:15:01,740 --> 00:15:03,040
+It is a kind of gratitude.
+
+196
+00:15:05,900 --> 00:15:09,040
+Gives somewhere back the thoughts by England
+
+197
+00:15:09,040 --> 00:15:14,860
+given. Her sights and sounds, dreams as happy her
+
+198
+00:15:14,860 --> 00:15:20,030
+day. This is England. You know, when we were
+
+199
+00:15:20,030 --> 00:15:23,650
+children, we had this image of the country. And
+
+200
+00:15:23,650 --> 00:15:25,910
+laughter. Learned from friends. This is what
+
+201
+00:15:25,910 --> 00:15:30,070
+England gave him. Laughter, happiness, and
+
+202
+00:15:30,070 --> 00:15:34,750
+gentleness. It's like a mother. In hearts at peace
+
+203
+00:15:34,750 --> 00:15:38,570
+under an English heaven. All of this I was given.
+
+204
+00:15:40,330 --> 00:15:45,370
+Yeah, so as you see here, It's very romantic. The
+
+205
+00:15:45,370 --> 00:15:49,370
+idea of death is romanticized. And that was the
+
+206
+00:15:49,370 --> 00:15:54,890
+spirit before the war. Now, what happened during
+
+207
+00:15:54,890 --> 00:16:00,910
+the war, when the war started? You know, and we're
+
+208
+00:16:00,910 --> 00:16:05,230
+talking about the First World War. The First World
+
+209
+00:16:05,230 --> 00:16:10,510
+War was catastrophic. A lot of people died. You
+
+210
+00:16:10,510 --> 00:16:13,790
+know, the first war between Germany on one side
+
+211
+00:16:13,790 --> 00:16:17,530
+and, you know, the Eastern, and, like, other
+
+212
+00:16:17,530 --> 00:16:20,950
+countries. Nine million people died in England.
+
+213
+00:16:21,510 --> 00:16:28,110
+See? Itself. So it was a bloody war. It was... I
+
+214
+00:16:28,110 --> 00:16:32,850
+mean, more people died in that war. See? Now,
+
+215
+00:16:32,890 --> 00:16:36,650
+let's see a poet who...
+
+216
+00:16:37,070 --> 00:16:43,170
+wrote only one week before the truce, before the
+
+217
+00:16:43,170 --> 00:16:49,910
+end of the war, which was in 1918, Wilfred Owen.
+
+218
+00:16:51,810 --> 00:16:55,790
+It's called Futility. So I want like, I'm giving
+
+219
+00:16:55,790 --> 00:16:59,570
+you this poem as a background to understand that
+
+220
+00:16:59,570 --> 00:17:02,810
+poem. This is like the soldier.
+
+221
+00:17:05,800 --> 00:17:09,200
+Yeah, look at him. I'm not sure. Have you read
+
+222
+00:17:09,200 --> 00:17:15,400
+this poem? Yes. Did you? Yes. So how did you read
+
+223
+00:17:15,400 --> 00:17:16,120
+the first line?
+
+224
+00:17:29,300 --> 00:17:33,890
+How did you find it? Very musical? Very romantic?
+
+225
+00:17:35,670 --> 00:17:40,770
+Look here.
+
+226
+00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:50,530
+Move him into the sun. Gently its touch awoke him
+
+227
+00:17:50,530 --> 00:17:56,870
+once. At home whispering of feels unsolved.
+
+228
+00:17:58,790 --> 00:18:03,850
+Always it woke him, even in France. Until this
+
+229
+00:18:03,850 --> 00:18:09,810
+morning and this snow If anything might rouse him
+
+230
+00:18:09,810 --> 00:18:17,570
+now The kind old sun will know Think how it wakes
+
+231
+00:18:17,570 --> 00:18:24,490
+the seeds Walk once the clays of a cold star Our
+
+232
+00:18:24,490 --> 00:18:29,190
+limbs so dear achieved our sides Full nerves still
+
+233
+00:18:29,190 --> 00:18:34,960
+warm too hard to stir Was it for this the clay
+
+234
+00:18:34,960 --> 00:18:43,620
+grew tall? Oh, what made fatuous sunbeams toil to
+
+235
+00:18:43,620 --> 00:18:46,480
+break earth's sleep at all.
+
+236
+00:18:50,500 --> 00:18:55,880
+Very, very what? Very sad. It's like, you see, how
+
+237
+00:18:55,880 --> 00:18:59,220
+could you contrast between this poem and the other
+
+238
+00:18:59,220 --> 00:19:05,220
+poem? The opposite. So in that, in that poem, you
+
+239
+00:19:05,220 --> 00:19:09,640
+know, like the image of death was lovely. You see?
+
+240
+00:19:10,060 --> 00:19:13,660
+But here the image of death is horrifying.
+
+241
+00:19:16,260 --> 00:19:20,680
+So here that, you know, in that poem, the one who
+
+242
+00:19:20,680 --> 00:19:26,140
+was speculating, like we don't have death, but we
+
+243
+00:19:26,140 --> 00:19:30,710
+have speculation about death. If I should die, he
+
+244
+00:19:30,710 --> 00:19:36,030
+was not. But here we have a real death. Somebody
+
+245
+00:19:36,030 --> 00:19:41,710
+is dying. So usually when you have the experience
+
+246
+00:19:41,710 --> 00:19:46,830
+of a soldier from like the battlefield, his
+
+247
+00:19:46,830 --> 00:19:51,690
+experience is different from those who are far
+
+248
+00:19:51,690 --> 00:19:59,070
+from the battlefield. I met some soldiers who were
+
+249
+00:19:59,070 --> 00:20:03,050
+fighting in Iraq. Some American soldiers. And they
+
+250
+00:20:03,050 --> 00:20:08,070
+were traumatized. They were horrified. The same
+
+251
+00:20:08,070 --> 00:20:11,850
+thing happened to those who fought in Vietnam.
+
+252
+00:20:13,750 --> 00:20:17,950
+They lived the trauma of the war. Most of them
+
+253
+00:20:17,950 --> 00:20:20,510
+were psychotic cases. Because this is a war, it's
+
+254
+00:20:20,510 --> 00:20:24,370
+not a game. But for some people it is a game. For
+
+255
+00:20:24,370 --> 00:20:29,370
+whom it is a game? Leaders. Leaders, you know.
+
+256
+00:20:29,550 --> 00:20:34,010
+It's a game to win some votes. You know, leaders
+
+257
+00:20:34,010 --> 00:20:34,970
+and generals.
+
+258
+00:20:37,930 --> 00:20:42,470
+Like during the war, like soldiers, generals
+
+259
+00:20:42,470 --> 00:20:47,390
+wanted the war to continue because they want to
+
+260
+00:20:47,390 --> 00:20:52,180
+have ranks. But the ordinary soldiers, the
+
+261
+00:20:52,180 --> 00:20:56,280
+ordinary officers felt differently. They saw the
+
+262
+00:20:56,280 --> 00:20:59,640
+horror of the war. Now Wilfred Owen was, as you
+
+263
+00:20:59,640 --> 00:21:04,460
+see, a soldier who was in the battlefield. And as
+
+264
+00:21:04,460 --> 00:21:10,900
+I see, he died in 1918. The end of the war. One
+
+265
+00:21:10,900 --> 00:21:14,920
+week before the truce. I read most of his
+
+266
+00:21:14,920 --> 00:21:18,380
+collection of poetry, you know? I read the poem,
+
+267
+00:21:18,660 --> 00:21:24,280
+Gas, Gas, you know? It is horrible. Because
+
+268
+00:21:24,280 --> 00:21:27,760
+people, like, they were using gas and people were
+
+269
+00:21:27,760 --> 00:21:33,060
+dying in the trenches. Here in this poem, he's
+
+270
+00:21:33,060 --> 00:21:40,900
+writing about a soldier and move him into the sun.
+
+271
+00:21:41,500 --> 00:21:44,380
+Do you think he was very... Like move him to the
+
+272
+00:21:44,380 --> 00:21:49,460
+sun. Move him into the sun like this. Or move him
+
+273
+00:21:49,460 --> 00:21:57,400
+into the sun. Is he angry or what? Yeah. Sad and
+
+274
+00:21:57,400 --> 00:22:03,460
+angry? Move him into the sun. Gently it's touch.
+
+275
+00:22:04,840 --> 00:22:10,160
+Awoke him once. Gently. It's touch. Whose touch
+
+276
+00:22:10,160 --> 00:22:15,790
+he's talking about? Yes, who was gentle? The sun.
+
+277
+00:22:17,470 --> 00:22:21,070
+The sun. So what do we call this? What do we call
+
+278
+00:22:21,070 --> 00:22:25,270
+this image? A figure of speech. It is?
+
+279
+00:22:25,630 --> 00:22:27,130
+Personalization. Excellent. It is a
+
+280
+00:22:27,130 --> 00:22:32,670
+personalization. You know the sun is personified.
+
+281
+00:22:33,890 --> 00:22:43,880
+And because it is personified, it should have A
+
+282
+00:22:43,880 --> 00:22:51,200
+pronoun. Like what? His. It should be his. Because
+
+283
+00:22:51,200 --> 00:22:55,460
+the sun in English takes a masculine pronoun. And
+
+284
+00:22:55,460 --> 00:23:00,860
+the moon is like the opposite of Arabic. So she
+
+285
+00:23:00,860 --> 00:23:06,200
+shines at night. Who is she? The moon. Yes. And
+
+286
+00:23:06,200 --> 00:23:09,480
+the sun is he. Like, connect always between the
+
+287
+00:23:09,480 --> 00:23:13,620
+sun. So it should be, move him into the sun, his
+
+288
+00:23:13,620 --> 00:23:19,920
+touch awoke him once. So here, I don't know why he
+
+289
+00:23:19,920 --> 00:23:27,280
+is, now we keep questioning, is the sun here a
+
+290
+00:23:27,280 --> 00:23:31,500
+person or not a person? Is the sun animate or
+
+291
+00:23:31,500 --> 00:23:35,560
+inanimate? We don't know, like, okay, but this is
+
+292
+00:23:35,560 --> 00:23:40,260
+a question, you know, I'm just, like, trying to
+
+293
+00:23:40,260 --> 00:23:43,480
+raise these issues because they will be helpful to
+
+294
+00:23:43,480 --> 00:23:46,360
+you when you, you know, study the stylistic
+
+295
+00:23:46,360 --> 00:23:46,880
+analysis.
+
+296
+00:23:49,780 --> 00:23:53,080
+Move him into the sun. Why the sun, do you think?
+
+297
+00:23:54,200 --> 00:23:59,880
+Why the sun? To heal him. Do you think the sun has
+
+298
+00:23:59,880 --> 00:24:00,540
+healing effect?
+
+299
+00:24:05,210 --> 00:24:10,390
+How, how, you know? Like if we are talking about,
+
+300
+00:24:10,850 --> 00:24:14,890
+let's say a soldier who is injured, in what say,
+
+301
+00:24:15,510 --> 00:24:22,510
+like, is it cold? Is it cold? Yeah. And you know,
+
+302
+00:24:22,550 --> 00:24:25,670
+sometimes when it is cold, if you put somebody in
+
+303
+00:24:25,670 --> 00:24:29,170
+the sun, the sun will invigorate, will, you know,
+
+304
+00:24:29,230 --> 00:24:32,790
+revive him. Because you know, it is a source of
+
+305
+00:24:32,790 --> 00:24:37,550
+heat. It's a possibility. Move him to the sun
+
+306
+00:24:37,550 --> 00:24:43,750
+because the sun, you know, who, who like the sun,
+
+307
+00:24:44,170 --> 00:24:48,670
+sometimes it is the sun that makes people wake up.
+
+308
+00:24:49,770 --> 00:24:54,350
+You know, because if the sun, when you are asleep
+
+309
+00:24:54,350 --> 00:24:58,810
+and the sun shines, You know, it dazzles your eye
+
+310
+00:24:58,810 --> 00:25:01,710
+and you get up. So was it like this? Move him to
+
+311
+00:25:01,710 --> 00:25:04,190
+the sun, let's see whether it will wake him up or
+
+312
+00:25:04,190 --> 00:25:09,650
+not. You know? I saw that the sun is a source of
+
+313
+00:25:09,650 --> 00:25:12,570
+life for like plants and so for the human beings
+
+314
+00:25:12,570 --> 00:25:15,870
+as the human beings are like eating the plants. So
+
+315
+00:25:15,870 --> 00:25:21,030
+it may be the sun as a source of life. Yeah. Yeah,
+
+316
+00:25:21,130 --> 00:25:25,490
+of course, like here, the son was seen as a source
+
+317
+00:25:25,490 --> 00:25:29,130
+of life and they hope that when the soldier,
+
+318
+00:25:30,150 --> 00:25:32,390
+whether they're dead or, you know, they're
+
+319
+00:25:32,390 --> 00:25:36,090
+injured, because we don't know until now, this
+
+320
+00:25:36,090 --> 00:25:42,450
+will heal or, you know, at least revive him. See
+
+321
+00:25:42,450 --> 00:25:46,700
+what I mean? Move him into the sun. Gently its
+
+322
+00:25:46,700 --> 00:25:51,320
+touch awoke him once. Gently, you know, we don't
+
+323
+00:25:51,320 --> 00:25:55,780
+know it might be serious or it might be ironic.
+
+324
+00:25:56,420 --> 00:26:00,060
+You see, we don't know now. But it seems like the
+
+325
+00:26:00,060 --> 00:26:04,420
+atmosphere of the poem shows that he's ironic.
+
+326
+00:26:05,630 --> 00:26:10,270
+Move him into the sun. Gently it's awoke him once.
+
+327
+00:26:10,570 --> 00:26:14,050
+Gently, you know? I don't know whether the sun
+
+328
+00:26:14,050 --> 00:26:21,130
+will do anything for him. At home, whispering of
+
+329
+00:26:21,130 --> 00:26:28,150
+fields unsung. At home, in England, the sun was
+
+330
+00:26:28,150 --> 00:26:28,590
+whispering.
+
+331
+00:26:32,140 --> 00:26:36,440
+You know, I just saw, you know, a film about the
+
+332
+00:26:36,440 --> 00:26:39,220
+sun, and I listened to the sun, not whispering.
+
+333
+00:26:40,400 --> 00:26:44,160
+You know, it was, this is the noise of the sun. It
+
+334
+00:26:44,160 --> 00:26:48,400
+was in a big amphitheater in Pittsburgh in
+
+335
+00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:51,900
+America. It was a movie about the sun itself. And
+
+336
+00:26:51,900 --> 00:26:55,480
+when you approach the sun, it has a beating sound.
+
+337
+00:26:56,620 --> 00:27:01,150
+The sound of the sun. It's very frightening. And
+
+338
+00:27:01,150 --> 00:27:05,850
+it was real, it was dark, you know? Like, praising
+
+339
+00:27:05,850 --> 00:27:07,270
+Subhanallah, Subhanallah, Subhanallah,
+
+340
+00:27:07,430 --> 00:27:10,410
+Subhanallah. This is what I listened to the sun
+
+341
+00:27:10,410 --> 00:27:17,950
+doing that. So, now if I ask, what do you think of
+
+342
+00:27:17,950 --> 00:27:21,970
+this soldier? Is he old or young? How old is this
+
+343
+00:27:21,970 --> 00:27:28,680
+soldier? How do you know he was young? Like, not
+
+344
+00:27:28,680 --> 00:27:30,320
+Wilfred Owen. We are not talking about Wilfred
+
+345
+00:27:30,320 --> 00:27:33,240
+Owen. We're talking about the soldier who, you
+
+346
+00:27:33,240 --> 00:27:35,620
+know, who was injured or died in this battlefield.
+
+347
+00:27:37,100 --> 00:27:39,880
+Does the poem give us any indication about his
+
+348
+00:27:39,880 --> 00:27:46,880
+age? Whether he was young or old? Do you have any,
+
+349
+00:27:47,000 --> 00:27:50,060
+you know, reference in the poem? Do you have any,
+
+350
+00:27:50,540 --> 00:27:53,580
+you know, implication in the poem about the age of
+
+351
+00:27:53,580 --> 00:27:54,120
+the man?
+
+352
+00:28:01,230 --> 00:28:06,710
+Like I think, yes, we have. Unsown, yes. Like the
+
+353
+00:28:06,710 --> 00:28:12,550
+unsown. What is unsown? It is a land which is
+
+354
+00:28:12,550 --> 00:28:19,090
+prepared for seeding. It's a land which, you know,
+
+355
+00:28:19,210 --> 00:28:24,510
+prepared for planting. So this image of a field,
+
+356
+00:28:25,010 --> 00:28:30,700
+which is about, To be planted is an indication of
+
+357
+00:28:30,700 --> 00:28:35,800
+a young man who's not married, who's not, you
+
+358
+00:28:35,800 --> 00:28:41,920
+know, who doesn't have children, and so on. And I
+
+359
+00:28:41,920 --> 00:28:47,460
+want to ask you, which is more, you know, shocking
+
+360
+00:28:47,460 --> 00:28:54,080
+when we have a soldier who died, a soldier with a
+
+361
+00:28:54,080 --> 00:28:59,740
+wife and children, Or a young one who never saw
+
+362
+00:28:59,740 --> 00:29:02,420
+life, who never got married? You've gone over?
+
+363
+00:29:03,140 --> 00:29:05,960
+Yeah, I don't know, like I'm asking, you know,
+
+364
+00:29:06,020 --> 00:29:10,620
+sometimes, you know, you have to think of this
+
+365
+00:29:10,620 --> 00:29:13,060
+question, which is more catastrophic?
+
+366
+00:29:16,760 --> 00:29:17,480
+I don't know, like...
+
+367
+00:29:22,360 --> 00:29:24,800
+So it's a question I like to consider because some
+
+368
+00:29:24,800 --> 00:29:33,580
+people think that the death of a young soldier is
+
+369
+00:29:33,580 --> 00:29:36,820
+more catastrophic. Why? Because he has not yet
+
+370
+00:29:36,820 --> 00:29:41,820
+seen life and this one was... But this, just like
+
+371
+00:29:41,820 --> 00:29:49,450
+saw life, see it is different. Always it woke him
+
+372
+00:29:49,450 --> 00:29:54,450
+once. Always it woke him. Even in France. So
+
+373
+00:29:54,450 --> 00:29:59,190
+still, even in France, until this morning. Now we
+
+374
+00:29:59,190 --> 00:30:05,250
+understand here that he was alive and he died in
+
+375
+00:30:05,250 --> 00:30:10,470
+the battlefield. Until this morning and this snow.
+
+376
+00:30:13,130 --> 00:30:15,870
+You know, until this morning and this hour. But
+
+377
+00:30:15,870 --> 00:30:19,750
+they say, like, until this snow. This is
+
+378
+00:30:19,750 --> 00:30:23,770
+deviation. This is like syntactic grammatical
+
+379
+00:30:23,770 --> 00:30:27,690
+deviation. We don't say until this morning and
+
+380
+00:30:27,690 --> 00:30:32,130
+this snow. Do we say it in this language? Do we
+
+381
+00:30:32,130 --> 00:30:38,110
+say it in this language? Okay, I will wait for you
+
+382
+00:30:38,110 --> 00:30:49,660
+at this storm. Storm. We can wait here until this
+
+383
+00:30:49,660 --> 00:30:55,020
+storm, until this snow, until this, we don't say
+
+384
+00:30:55,020 --> 00:31:01,240
+this, until this snow, if anything might rouse
+
+385
+00:31:01,240 --> 00:31:07,000
+him, if anything might rouse him. So it seems
+
+386
+00:31:07,000 --> 00:31:12,830
+there is a problem. It seems like he's dead. If
+
+387
+00:31:12,830 --> 00:31:20,670
+anything might rouse him, the kind old sun will
+
+388
+00:31:20,670 --> 00:31:24,410
+know. What do you think of the image of the sun
+
+389
+00:31:24,410 --> 00:31:29,650
+here? Is it the same as the image of the sun here?
+
+390
+00:31:30,970 --> 00:31:36,150
+How is the sun here? Is it strong or old?
+
+391
+00:31:37,160 --> 00:31:41,880
+Helpless, vulnerable, weak, which can do nothing
+
+392
+00:31:41,880 --> 00:31:48,780
+to him. The old, kind, the kind, and I'm not sure
+
+393
+00:31:48,780 --> 00:31:54,680
+if he's serious or not. Is the son kind? Like,
+
+394
+00:31:55,260 --> 00:31:59,320
+look here, we feel, you know, a sentiment of
+
+395
+00:31:59,320 --> 00:32:06,060
+indignance, a sentiment of anger. He's angry. He's
+
+396
+00:32:06,060 --> 00:32:06,480
+indignant.
+
+397
+00:32:09,150 --> 00:32:15,430
+The kind old sun will know. Think how it wakes the
+
+398
+00:32:15,430 --> 00:32:20,770
+seeds. Look at the sun, how it wakes the seeds. So
+
+399
+00:32:20,770 --> 00:32:25,550
+now he started to question about how the sun
+
+400
+00:32:25,550 --> 00:32:28,330
+originally,
+
+401
+00:32:29,430 --> 00:32:33,010
+you know, when it shines, like what will happen to
+
+402
+00:32:33,010 --> 00:32:35,230
+the seeds and you know, because without the sun,
+
+403
+00:32:35,730 --> 00:32:40,020
+there will be no plant life. Walked once the clays
+
+404
+00:32:40,020 --> 00:32:45,020
+of a cold star. Also, it walked the star, because
+
+405
+00:32:45,020 --> 00:32:50,060
+the earth was a cold star. And without the sun,
+
+406
+00:32:51,380 --> 00:32:58,220
+there would have been no life on earth. Walked
+
+407
+00:32:58,220 --> 00:33:02,040
+once the clays of a cold star. The clays, the mud.
+
+408
+00:33:03,280 --> 00:33:07,540
+Orleans? What about here? Now, then he, after
+
+409
+00:33:07,540 --> 00:33:09,760
+asking these questions, he looked at the dead
+
+410
+00:33:09,760 --> 00:33:15,400
+soldiers and said, our limbs so dear achieved, so
+
+411
+00:33:15,400 --> 00:33:18,380
+dear achieved, shaped in a good way. So when we
+
+412
+00:33:18,380 --> 00:33:20,940
+look at the body and we see the limbs, the bodies,
+
+413
+00:33:21,080 --> 00:33:24,220
+the hands, the shoulders, and we feel how they are
+
+414
+00:33:24,220 --> 00:33:27,860
+shaped and achieved in a good way, framed in a
+
+415
+00:33:27,860 --> 00:33:31,560
+good way, and he said, our limbs so dear achieved,
+
+416
+00:33:31,940 --> 00:33:36,460
+our sides, Full nerve. Still warm? Are they still
+
+417
+00:33:36,460 --> 00:33:41,240
+warm? Too hard to stir. Why they are not stirring?
+
+418
+00:33:41,360 --> 00:33:45,460
+Why they are stiff like this? It's an image of
+
+419
+00:33:45,460 --> 00:33:47,080
+somebody who is traumatized.
+
+420
+00:33:49,480 --> 00:33:55,180
+Was it for this? Was it for this? The clay grew
+
+421
+00:33:55,180 --> 00:33:58,920
+tall. It's a metaphor. It's a metonymy of the
+
+422
+00:33:58,920 --> 00:34:03,830
+earth itself. Was it for this? Life was given on
+
+423
+00:34:03,830 --> 00:34:04,250
+Earth.
+
+424
+00:34:07,410 --> 00:34:10,950
+The clay grew tall because man is made of clay.
+
+425
+00:34:12,930 --> 00:34:17,670
+Oh, what made fatuous sunbeams. Like look at the
+
+426
+00:34:17,670 --> 00:34:22,750
+sun here. It is fatuous. The sunbeams are fatuous,
+
+427
+00:34:23,110 --> 00:34:31,150
+are futile. Why? Foolish even to break Earth's
+
+428
+00:34:31,150 --> 00:34:35,620
+sleep at all. I don't know what made this foolish
+
+429
+00:34:35,620 --> 00:34:41,560
+son give this life from the origin. Why? I don't
+
+430
+00:34:41,560 --> 00:34:46,220
+know why. So this is like Wilfred Owen. Now I
+
+431
+00:34:46,220 --> 00:34:48,160
+think you understand what is happening in the
+
+432
+00:34:48,160 --> 00:34:53,130
+poem. Next time, we're going to look at stylistic
+
+433
+00:34:53,130 --> 00:34:56,630
+analysis, the choices of the word, the choices of,
+
+434
+00:34:57,090 --> 00:34:59,650
+you know, I mean, lexical choices, syntactical
+
+435
+00:34:59,650 --> 00:35:03,530
+choices, the rhyme, the rhythm, et cetera. And you
+
+436
+00:35:03,530 --> 00:35:07,330
+have the stylistic analysis within your reader. So
+
+437
+00:35:07,330 --> 00:35:09,750
+hopefully next time, we can look at this, and this
+
+438
+00:35:09,750 --> 00:35:13,830
+will be the last class next time, hopefully.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/pNW6Q2yYiDI_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2244 @@
+1
+00:00:13,560 --> 00:00:19,240
+Good morning everybody. How are you today? I know
+
+2
+00:00:19,240 --> 00:00:21,620
+it's the middle of the week and everybody's busy,
+
+3
+00:00:21,760 --> 00:00:27,980
+yeah? But still, I think you're busy writing
+
+4
+00:00:27,980 --> 00:00:33,130
+response and reports. I think last class was
+
+5
+00:00:33,130 --> 00:00:40,590
+interesting or boring or both. So let's see
+
+6
+00:00:40,590 --> 00:00:45,530
+somebody who did not attend the class. Is it
+
+7
+00:00:45,530 --> 00:00:48,530
+difficult to report? You watched the class. Good.
+
+8
+00:00:48,770 --> 00:00:51,570
+So yes, please come here.
+
+9
+00:00:57,240 --> 00:01:00,080
+Every some days of pursuit of some change drew me
+
+10
+00:01:00,080 --> 00:01:03,060
+parallels with Howard's cryptic texts, so I
+
+11
+00:01:03,060 --> 00:01:06,610
+drafted these lines. An-an-chi-chi-an-chi-an,
+
+12
+00:01:06,910 --> 00:01:09,790
+there goes my Palestine, proposed at the UN. The
+
+13
+00:01:09,790 --> 00:01:12,650
+sweet season of spring swept the region, Obama
+
+14
+00:01:12,650 --> 00:01:16,590
+said, from Tunisia to Egypt to Libya, and Bashar
+
+15
+00:01:16,590 --> 00:01:19,210
+is about to end. The swift swallow pursues the
+
+16
+00:01:19,210 --> 00:01:21,730
+dictators. Winter is worn to a spectrum of
+
+17
+00:01:21,730 --> 00:01:24,910
+rebirth. Palestine is being reborn, Abbas's words
+
+18
+00:01:24,910 --> 00:01:28,070
+rung. But for my unfortunate land, only sorrow
+
+19
+00:01:28,070 --> 00:01:31,360
+sprung. Not that I mind a V2 from a snake, for
+
+20
+00:01:31,360 --> 00:01:35,040
+their hypocrisy is revealed, and my struggle is
+
+21
+00:01:35,040 --> 00:01:38,040
+never to shake. Wow, thank you. I think we should
+
+22
+00:01:38,040 --> 00:01:43,800
+clap for her. I like this report. Yes, she did not
+
+23
+00:01:43,800 --> 00:01:46,880
+attend the class, but she had a chance to watch
+
+24
+00:01:46,880 --> 00:01:48,880
+the video of that class, and this is like an
+
+25
+00:01:48,880 --> 00:01:52,440
+advantage of having this class running like this.
+
+26
+00:01:53,280 --> 00:01:58,300
+Good. I need another report. And this time, I
+
+27
+00:01:58,300 --> 00:01:59,740
+should choose one, yes.
+
+28
+00:02:05,700 --> 00:02:08,680
+At the lecture, I sat on my chair, but I didn't
+
+29
+00:02:08,680 --> 00:02:12,560
+prepare. My teacher pointed at me to read my
+
+30
+00:02:12,560 --> 00:02:15,860
+report. I hadn't prepared yet, but I forced her to
+
+31
+00:02:15,860 --> 00:02:19,400
+read it. My face was sore, but I tried to hide it.
+
+32
+00:02:19,880 --> 00:02:23,160
+My reading was so fast because of my fright. After
+
+33
+00:02:23,160 --> 00:02:26,060
+my reading in the class, I sat with a relax. Okay,
+
+34
+00:02:26,160 --> 00:02:30,890
+good. Thank you. So I think everybody is turning
+
+35
+00:02:30,890 --> 00:02:34,770
+into a poet in this class. But let us remind
+
+36
+00:02:34,770 --> 00:02:37,970
+ourselves of the things we did in the class last
+
+37
+00:02:37,970 --> 00:02:41,750
+time. I think we talked about our initial
+
+38
+00:02:41,750 --> 00:02:49,190
+response. And we just talked about certain
+
+39
+00:02:49,190 --> 00:02:54,130
+aesthetic elements of the poem in general. Today,
+
+40
+00:02:54,230 --> 00:02:58,390
+we're going to to paraphrase, to come close to the
+
+41
+00:02:58,390 --> 00:03:04,650
+poem, and to see how the poem is beautiful. Last
+
+42
+00:03:04,650 --> 00:03:07,810
+time we agreed that, if you remember,
+
+43
+00:03:10,970 --> 00:03:16,750
+we
+
+44
+00:03:16,750 --> 00:03:19,810
+agreed that the poem had a wonderful description
+
+45
+00:03:19,810 --> 00:03:26,890
+of spring, and most of you thought that The
+
+46
+00:03:26,890 --> 00:03:29,390
+description was wonderful because of the images,
+
+47
+00:03:29,750 --> 00:03:34,950
+because of the figures of speech, because of the
+
+48
+00:03:34,950 --> 00:03:38,230
+music, because of the sound. So let us be like
+
+49
+00:03:38,230 --> 00:03:45,110
+today, more like closer to the poem itself. You
+
+50
+00:03:45,110 --> 00:03:48,430
+see here the suit season that bud and the bloom
+
+51
+00:03:48,430 --> 00:03:53,210
+forth brings, with the green that clad the hill
+
+52
+00:03:53,210 --> 00:03:57,990
+and ache the vein. The nightingale with feathers
+
+53
+00:03:57,990 --> 00:04:02,730
+now she sings. The turtle to her make hath told
+
+54
+00:04:02,730 --> 00:04:09,010
+her tale. Summer is coming, for every spray now
+
+55
+00:04:09,010 --> 00:04:14,830
+springs. The heart hath hung his old head on the
+
+56
+00:04:14,830 --> 00:04:19,270
+pane. The buck in prey his winter coat he flings.
+
+57
+00:04:20,070 --> 00:04:23,840
+The fishes float with the new repaired scale. The
+
+58
+00:04:23,840 --> 00:04:27,760
+other, all her slough away she slings. The swift
+
+59
+00:04:27,760 --> 00:04:32,520
+swallow pursues the fly's smell. The busy bee, her
+
+60
+00:04:32,520 --> 00:04:36,260
+honey now she minks. Winter is won. That was the
+
+61
+00:04:36,260 --> 00:04:40,920
+flowers made. And thus, and thus I see among these
+
+62
+00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:45,780
+pleasant things. Each care decays, and yet my
+
+63
+00:04:45,780 --> 00:04:51,040
+sorrow springs. Thing is, you could have, or you
+
+64
+00:04:51,040 --> 00:04:54,310
+could read it differently. I just read it for
+
+65
+00:04:54,310 --> 00:04:54,870
+demonstration.
+
+66
+00:04:57,410 --> 00:05:00,590
+To paraphrase this poem is not to analyze it, you
+
+67
+00:05:00,590 --> 00:05:03,410
+know, to paraphrasing. I want you to understand
+
+68
+00:05:03,410 --> 00:05:07,190
+that the paraphrasing of the poem is only one part
+
+69
+00:05:07,190 --> 00:05:10,970
+of the meaning. So it is not like we can
+
+70
+00:05:10,970 --> 00:05:14,970
+paraphrase in order to comment. As you see here,
+
+71
+00:05:15,470 --> 00:05:21,930
+like right from the very beginning, the poet shows
+
+72
+00:05:21,930 --> 00:05:27,180
+how strong, the drive of life is in spring. You
+
+73
+00:05:27,180 --> 00:05:31,660
+know, spring, as we said, is always associated
+
+74
+00:05:31,660 --> 00:05:39,240
+with rebirth. And here, like, okay, this season is
+
+75
+00:05:39,240 --> 00:05:41,480
+budding. You know, the season is budding. And
+
+76
+00:05:41,480 --> 00:05:45,200
+here, of course, you have a metonymy. When we say
+
+77
+00:05:45,200 --> 00:05:49,800
+the season, it means like budding. It is like the
+
+78
+00:05:49,800 --> 00:05:54,570
+whole spring is like a tree, which is budding. But
+
+79
+00:05:54,570 --> 00:06:00,090
+we see that the season is like a person that is
+
+80
+00:06:00,090 --> 00:06:05,590
+covering the whole vista with green color. Do you
+
+81
+00:06:05,590 --> 00:06:09,770
+know what I mean? So the season, the bud and the
+
+82
+00:06:09,770 --> 00:06:15,210
+bloom forth brings. When the green hath clad the
+
+83
+00:06:15,210 --> 00:06:20,140
+hill and eke, they fade. So right from the very
+
+84
+00:06:20,140 --> 00:06:24,140
+beginning, you know, the writer wants to show us
+
+85
+00:06:24,140 --> 00:06:30,560
+that this beauty or, you know, this revival is
+
+86
+00:06:30,560 --> 00:06:34,520
+dominating the whole scene. And you see this
+
+87
+00:06:34,520 --> 00:06:38,360
+persification of the spring itself. The spring is
+
+88
+00:06:38,360 --> 00:06:41,660
+like what? Like a man who is trying to cover, you
+
+89
+00:06:41,660 --> 00:06:48,830
+know, with a green color. The Nightingale. with
+
+90
+00:06:48,830 --> 00:06:51,890
+feathers now she sings." Accordingly, you know,
+
+91
+00:06:51,990 --> 00:06:56,610
+like, because it is a season of rebirth, so we
+
+92
+00:06:56,610 --> 00:07:00,270
+expect that everything is going to be jovial,
+
+93
+00:07:00,550 --> 00:07:05,230
+happy, you know? So it is not like, the
+
+94
+00:07:05,230 --> 00:07:07,410
+nightingale with feathers now she sings. I'm
+
+95
+00:07:07,410 --> 00:07:10,830
+paraphrasing. The nightingale is happy and, you
+
+96
+00:07:10,830 --> 00:07:15,890
+know, singing the most melodious songs. The turtle
+
+97
+00:07:15,890 --> 00:07:20,480
+to her make hath told her tale. Again, the turtle
+
+98
+00:07:20,480 --> 00:07:24,780
+dove, like, we have a male and a female, and, you
+
+99
+00:07:24,780 --> 00:07:29,320
+know, because, you know, they are exchanging, you
+
+100
+00:07:29,320 --> 00:07:31,960
+know, love relationship, uniting here with
+
+101
+00:07:31,960 --> 00:07:34,200
+feathers now, she sings, the turtle to her mate
+
+102
+00:07:34,200 --> 00:07:40,250
+and told her tale. Summer has come, so it's a
+
+103
+00:07:40,250 --> 00:07:43,210
+declaration, like all the creatures are declaring
+
+104
+00:07:43,210 --> 00:07:48,150
+that summer is coming. And summer in England is
+
+105
+00:07:48,150 --> 00:07:52,870
+interchangeable with spring.
+
+106
+00:07:53,450 --> 00:07:55,890
+So sometimes it is difficult to know which is
+
+107
+00:07:55,890 --> 00:07:59,530
+summer and spring. So summer is equivalent to
+
+108
+00:07:59,530 --> 00:08:02,510
+spring in England. Summer has come for every
+
+109
+00:08:02,510 --> 00:08:07,500
+spring that now springs. Every tree, every branch
+
+110
+00:08:07,500 --> 00:08:11,860
+of a tree is springing, is sprouting. The heart
+
+111
+00:08:11,860 --> 00:08:16,720
+has hung his whole, his whole head on the pale.
+
+112
+00:08:17,320 --> 00:08:22,420
+The heart. You know, a male deer is, you know, I
+
+113
+00:08:22,420 --> 00:08:26,100
+mean, in winter, usually, a lot of animals
+
+114
+00:08:26,100 --> 00:08:28,940
+hibernate. You know what means hibernate? Just
+
+115
+00:08:28,940 --> 00:08:31,960
+they become dormant. They are not active. But when
+
+116
+00:08:31,960 --> 00:08:36,540
+spring comes, They go and, like, you know, they
+
+117
+00:08:36,540 --> 00:08:39,420
+are given a new life. And they become very active.
+
+118
+00:08:39,980 --> 00:08:42,980
+The buck, which is, you know, again, a male deer
+
+119
+00:08:42,980 --> 00:08:46,160
+or, you know, a rabbit, in break his winter coat,
+
+120
+00:08:46,220 --> 00:08:49,860
+he flings. It's like rebirth. It's regeneration.
+
+121
+00:08:50,160 --> 00:08:52,840
+Even the skin. Everything is acquiring a new
+
+122
+00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:57,980
+garment. The fishes float with a new rebirth. Like
+
+123
+00:08:57,980 --> 00:09:01,080
+here, you see, it's not only the land, but it is
+
+124
+00:09:01,080 --> 00:09:05,420
+also the sea. The other, the other, you know, the
+
+125
+00:09:05,420 --> 00:09:09,060
+snake, all her slough away she slings. You know,
+
+126
+00:09:09,140 --> 00:09:13,600
+the other gets rid of the old garment. It's called
+
+127
+00:09:13,600 --> 00:09:17,560
+slough. And the swift swallow pursues, is flying
+
+128
+00:09:17,560 --> 00:09:23,480
+from one branch of a tree to another in order to
+
+129
+00:09:23,480 --> 00:09:30,210
+kill a fly. The busy bee, the busy bee, I mean,
+
+130
+00:09:30,670 --> 00:09:33,610
+the bees, of course, in summer, because, you know,
+
+131
+00:09:33,770 --> 00:09:36,430
+like there are a lot of flowers, so bees are busy
+
+132
+00:09:36,430 --> 00:09:42,650
+going to every flower to suck what? The nectar,
+
+133
+00:09:42,770 --> 00:09:45,930
+not honey, you know? Like before, the nectar is
+
+134
+00:09:45,930 --> 00:09:48,670
+being processed, it becomes apple, you know? But
+
+135
+00:09:48,670 --> 00:09:51,690
+again, I think you smell now. Did you start to
+
+136
+00:09:51,690 --> 00:09:55,730
+smell? Like when you read this poem and I think
+
+137
+00:09:55,730 --> 00:10:00,910
+you imagine and our senses are invoked. And this
+
+138
+00:10:00,910 --> 00:10:03,710
+is the beauty of the poem because this poem is
+
+139
+00:10:03,710 --> 00:10:09,510
+full of sensual imagery, imagery that appeals to
+
+140
+00:10:09,510 --> 00:10:13,870
+our senses. The busy bee, her honey now she makes,
+
+141
+00:10:14,430 --> 00:10:19,170
+it's The busy bee is trying to collect nectar.
+
+142
+00:10:19,810 --> 00:10:23,470
+Very busy. Winter is won again. It is another
+
+143
+00:10:23,470 --> 00:10:26,990
+declaration to show that everything has changed.
+
+144
+00:10:27,550 --> 00:10:31,130
+Winter is parallel to summer. Has come and winter
+
+145
+00:10:31,130 --> 00:10:34,550
+is behind. No more hibernation. No more death.
+
+146
+00:10:35,010 --> 00:10:37,710
+Everything now is given a new life. So it's a
+
+147
+00:10:37,710 --> 00:10:40,830
+reminder that this is spring. This is a month of
+
+148
+00:10:40,830 --> 00:10:41,130
+rebirth.
+
+149
+00:10:44,640 --> 00:10:48,360
+Winter is warm, that was the flowers pale. And
+
+150
+00:10:48,360 --> 00:10:52,540
+then, you know, and thus, I see among these
+
+151
+00:10:52,540 --> 00:10:56,960
+pleasant things. Our poet, you know, is leaving
+
+152
+00:10:56,960 --> 00:11:01,120
+this behind, and he's talking about himself. And
+
+153
+00:11:01,120 --> 00:11:05,480
+thus, I see among these pleasant things, each care
+
+154
+00:11:05,480 --> 00:11:09,940
+decays, each cares come to an end. My sorrow
+
+155
+00:11:09,940 --> 00:11:14,270
+springs. I think we feel sorry for him. He's very
+
+156
+00:11:14,270 --> 00:11:19,070
+gentle. He's very polite. Now, let us approach
+
+157
+00:11:19,070 --> 00:11:23,610
+this poem from
+
+158
+00:11:23,610 --> 00:11:26,850
+an aesthetic point of view. Let's look at the
+
+159
+00:11:26,850 --> 00:11:31,070
+rhyme, the rhythm, the figures of speech, the
+
+160
+00:11:31,070 --> 00:11:35,670
+alliteration. So why is it beautiful? A lot of you
+
+161
+00:11:35,670 --> 00:11:38,410
+say it's beautiful. I like this description. Why?
+
+162
+00:11:40,330 --> 00:11:44,390
+You know? How, like, if you look at, you know,
+
+163
+00:11:44,430 --> 00:11:48,350
+spring here, it is like when you read and, like,
+
+164
+00:11:48,630 --> 00:11:53,850
+employ, you know, or imagine, so your senses are
+
+165
+00:11:53,850 --> 00:11:57,830
+invoked, and then you imagine the whole scene, the
+
+166
+00:11:57,830 --> 00:11:59,770
+whole scene is enacted. You know what I mean,
+
+167
+00:11:59,790 --> 00:12:03,810
+enacted? Is brought to life by the virtue of our
+
+168
+00:12:03,810 --> 00:12:06,990
+senses, because, you know, this is full of
+
+169
+00:12:06,990 --> 00:12:11,740
+imaging. Look at the season. You know, itself, the
+
+170
+00:12:11,740 --> 00:12:16,200
+color, it's a visual image, which makes us imagine
+
+171
+00:12:16,200 --> 00:12:22,300
+the whole vista being green. The nightingale with
+
+172
+00:12:22,300 --> 00:12:26,620
+its melodious songs, the sound image is
+
+173
+00:12:26,620 --> 00:12:32,740
+introduced. So we are, you know, given an image of
+
+174
+00:12:32,740 --> 00:12:38,430
+a very lively scene of rebirth. Okay? But what I
+
+175
+00:12:38,430 --> 00:12:40,950
+noticed, like, in the first slide, this suit
+
+176
+00:12:40,950 --> 00:12:44,950
+season. Okay, suit season, like, there is sound.
+
+177
+00:12:45,410 --> 00:12:50,010
+It's similar. We have this, you know? So it's very
+
+178
+00:12:50,010 --> 00:12:52,350
+musical, the sound image. And this is parallel
+
+179
+00:12:52,350 --> 00:12:56,670
+with the bird, like the birds that are twittering
+
+180
+00:12:56,670 --> 00:13:01,490
+and say, you know? Like, when I read it, I just
+
+181
+00:13:01,490 --> 00:13:04,210
+imagine like this, you know? They are doing this.
+
+182
+00:13:05,780 --> 00:13:09,120
+But what attracted my attention to the, you know,
+
+183
+00:13:09,160 --> 00:13:12,140
+is the alliteration of bud and the bloom and
+
+184
+00:13:12,140 --> 00:13:17,620
+brings. Bub, bub, bub, you know? Now these, this
+
+185
+00:13:17,620 --> 00:13:21,840
+alliteration is associated with, you know, power.
+
+186
+00:13:22,820 --> 00:13:26,580
+Power, you know? And what does this mean? You
+
+187
+00:13:26,580 --> 00:13:29,920
+know, what does this imply? Yes?
+
+188
+00:13:32,390 --> 00:13:35,670
+It implies his suffering. Yes.
+
+189
+00:13:39,330 --> 00:13:45,590
+Yes, that's better. Yeah, the change, the drive of
+
+190
+00:13:45,590 --> 00:13:48,430
+a change is very powerful. You know, it is
+
+191
+00:13:48,430 --> 00:13:52,570
+something which cannot be reversed. See what I
+
+192
+00:13:52,570 --> 00:13:56,730
+mean? It is very powerful. The drive of life, the
+
+193
+00:13:56,730 --> 00:14:00,210
+drive of regeneration is very powerful.
+
+194
+00:14:04,200 --> 00:14:08,440
+But the green has clad the hill and eek the vale.
+
+195
+00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:15,180
+So it is... We're talking about the hill and,
+
+196
+00:14:16,760 --> 00:14:23,720
+you know, the valley. So the change is not limited
+
+197
+00:14:23,720 --> 00:14:28,760
+to one place, but it is spreading. It is all over
+
+198
+00:14:28,760 --> 00:14:33,280
+the place, you know. It is panoramic change.
+
+199
+00:14:35,990 --> 00:14:41,370
+Yes, the nightingale. But look here, ik, we said
+
+200
+00:14:41,370 --> 00:14:48,370
+like it is also. I think, you know, in this poem,
+
+201
+00:14:48,730 --> 00:14:50,730
+like what you said last time, some of you were
+
+202
+00:14:50,730 --> 00:14:54,970
+disturbed because the poet was using these archaic
+
+203
+00:14:54,970 --> 00:14:58,730
+words. But as I mentioned, archaic words have to
+
+204
+00:14:58,730 --> 00:15:03,790
+do with this drastic flavor. Like usually some
+
+205
+00:15:03,790 --> 00:15:08,200
+poets, Embellish. I mean, mainly, you know, 16th
+
+206
+00:15:08,200 --> 00:15:11,040
+century, like Howard himself wanted to embellish
+
+207
+00:15:11,040 --> 00:15:15,980
+poetry with, you know, some Latin references. And
+
+208
+00:15:15,980 --> 00:15:19,420
+I think in this poem, like the word save is taken
+
+209
+00:15:19,420 --> 00:15:23,740
+from Latin. And, you know, this is old English.
+
+210
+00:15:23,920 --> 00:15:26,500
+Not old English. I would say Chaucerian English.
+
+211
+00:15:26,740 --> 00:15:31,520
+Chaucer was using the set of sweet suit, you know,
+
+212
+00:15:31,520 --> 00:15:36,080
+and he was using a egg. You know, a lot. So this
+
+213
+00:15:36,080 --> 00:15:39,240
+is a kind of archaic English to give rustic
+
+214
+00:15:39,240 --> 00:15:43,060
+flavor. And it would add beauty to the poetry
+
+215
+00:15:43,060 --> 00:15:43,560
+itself.
+
+216
+00:15:47,640 --> 00:15:51,960
+The nightingale with feathers now she sings. It is
+
+217
+00:15:51,960 --> 00:15:57,160
+a festive atmosphere. Now from the very beginning,
+
+218
+00:15:58,040 --> 00:16:02,020
+This, you know, I mean, spring is everywhere. So
+
+219
+00:16:02,020 --> 00:16:06,760
+now all the creatures are celebrating. So it's an
+
+220
+00:16:06,760 --> 00:16:10,920
+atmosphere of festivity. It is an atmosphere of
+
+221
+00:16:10,920 --> 00:16:14,100
+rebirth and creativity. The nightingale with
+
+222
+00:16:14,100 --> 00:16:18,160
+feathers, now she sings. This is, as you see, an
+
+223
+00:16:18,160 --> 00:16:23,160
+image. What kind of image is this? Yeah, when
+
+224
+00:16:23,160 --> 00:16:29,390
+you're like nightingale. It's sound. Visual. It's
+
+225
+00:16:29,390 --> 00:16:33,430
+a visual. And even what we call kinetic image.
+
+226
+00:16:33,850 --> 00:16:36,530
+Kinetic because there is a movement. We imagine,
+
+227
+00:16:37,170 --> 00:16:41,750
+we see, we listen, like to the nightingale. So the
+
+228
+00:16:41,750 --> 00:16:47,430
+nightingale is jovial. Why? Because it is, you
+
+229
+00:16:47,430 --> 00:16:50,810
+know, this is the atmosphere of happiness. This is
+
+230
+00:16:50,810 --> 00:16:54,610
+the atmosphere of celebration. The nightingale
+
+231
+00:16:54,610 --> 00:16:59,850
+with feathers. Now, you know, new she sings. New
+
+232
+00:16:59,850 --> 00:17:05,490
+feathers. You know? Like here, we have this, what
+
+233
+00:17:05,490 --> 00:17:11,430
+we call, you know, it is molting. So everything is
+
+234
+00:17:11,430 --> 00:17:17,150
+given a new shape, a new appearance, a new skin, a
+
+235
+00:17:17,150 --> 00:17:22,270
+new garment. It's regeneration. The turtle to her
+
+236
+00:17:22,270 --> 00:17:29,270
+make hath told her tale. Here, you know, again, we
+
+237
+00:17:29,270 --> 00:17:34,230
+said last time if you remember that our friend, I
+
+238
+00:17:34,230 --> 00:17:40,420
+mean, the poet was you know, Nobel, and he was
+
+239
+00:17:40,420 --> 00:17:43,700
+very polite. He was of Nobel birth, and this is
+
+240
+00:17:43,700 --> 00:17:48,820
+like a kind of euphemism. Like, he didn't want,
+
+241
+00:17:49,140 --> 00:17:51,920
+like, to speak about things explicitly, you know,
+
+242
+00:17:52,060 --> 00:17:55,380
+and we said this is like the, you know, atmosphere
+
+243
+00:17:55,380 --> 00:18:00,420
+of regeneration. It's, you know, so multiplication
+
+244
+00:18:00,420 --> 00:18:04,860
+is there because everything is multiplying.
+
+245
+00:18:05,140 --> 00:18:10,390
+Everything is reproducing. Summer has come for
+
+246
+00:18:10,390 --> 00:18:16,570
+every now, for every spray now springs. Summer has
+
+247
+00:18:16,570 --> 00:18:22,570
+come. Again, we are reminded of the advent of
+
+248
+00:18:22,570 --> 00:18:25,890
+summer. Advent, the arrival of summer. Summer has
+
+249
+00:18:25,890 --> 00:18:31,570
+come. For every spray now springs. Again, the
+
+250
+00:18:31,570 --> 00:18:38,090
+alliteration shows how You know, everything was,
+
+251
+00:18:39,190 --> 00:18:45,390
+it shows how lovely the scene was by itself. The
+
+252
+00:18:45,390 --> 00:18:50,410
+heart has hung his whole, his whole head on the
+
+253
+00:18:50,410 --> 00:18:55,090
+pain. Look hard. You know, it's like, you know,
+
+254
+00:18:55,190 --> 00:18:58,350
+pounding out because everybody is, oh my God, is
+
+255
+00:18:58,350 --> 00:19:02,860
+taken by surprise. You know, it is everybody is
+
+256
+00:19:02,860 --> 00:19:07,320
+taken by surprise by this advent and jovial scene.
+
+257
+00:19:07,780 --> 00:19:13,140
+The heart has hung his old head on the pale buck.
+
+258
+00:19:14,260 --> 00:19:18,480
+In brain, his winter coat he flings. I think, you
+
+259
+00:19:18,480 --> 00:19:21,940
+know, all these are personifications. And we said,
+
+260
+00:19:22,720 --> 00:19:25,680
+what is a personification? It is like assigning
+
+261
+00:19:26,470 --> 00:19:27,230
+Yes.
+
+262
+00:19:35,890 --> 00:19:41,710
+You're right. So this description is vivid by the
+
+263
+00:19:41,710 --> 00:19:44,550
+virtue of imagery and by the virtue of
+
+264
+00:19:44,550 --> 00:19:47,990
+personification. Because the whole picture is
+
+265
+00:19:47,990 --> 00:19:51,790
+animated for us. Why? Because we have a lot of
+
+266
+00:19:51,790 --> 00:19:54,210
+personifications.
+
+267
+00:19:56,060 --> 00:20:01,280
+The fishes float with a new repaired scale. Again,
+
+268
+00:20:02,280 --> 00:20:05,880
+you know, here we are, you know, the writer is
+
+269
+00:20:05,880 --> 00:20:08,680
+like zooming somewhere else. He's zooming the
+
+270
+00:20:08,680 --> 00:20:12,480
+river, the sea. So he's reminding us that this
+
+271
+00:20:12,480 --> 00:20:15,960
+change is entire, is comprehensive. It is not
+
+272
+00:20:15,960 --> 00:20:20,840
+excluded to one area. The fishes float with a new
+
+273
+00:20:20,840 --> 00:20:22,040
+repaired scale.
+
+274
+00:20:24,380 --> 00:20:28,510
+The other. It's a reptile. So reptile, animals,
+
+275
+00:20:28,650 --> 00:20:33,630
+birds, you know, everything. The other, all her
+
+276
+00:20:33,630 --> 00:20:38,850
+slough, away she slings. Imagine how lovely, you
+
+277
+00:20:38,850 --> 00:20:43,010
+know, I know it's a frightening image, but still
+
+278
+00:20:43,010 --> 00:20:45,750
+like there is something beautiful about, you know,
+
+279
+00:20:45,950 --> 00:20:49,930
+the skin or the slough of a snake. The swift
+
+280
+00:20:49,930 --> 00:20:54,800
+swallow. The swift swallow. It's a visual,
+
+281
+00:20:55,080 --> 00:21:02,300
+kinetic, sound image. The swift swallow. Away she
+
+282
+00:21:02,300 --> 00:21:06,220
+slings. The swift swallow pursues the fly's snail.
+
+283
+00:21:07,460 --> 00:21:12,280
+It's, you know, this is how regeneration happens.
+
+284
+00:21:12,400 --> 00:21:15,520
+We have the image of life and death. So as you see
+
+285
+00:21:15,520 --> 00:21:21,040
+here, you know, okay, Regeneration means like some
+
+286
+00:21:21,040 --> 00:21:24,840
+creatures feed on the other creatures. So it is
+
+287
+00:21:24,840 --> 00:21:28,860
+life. The swift swallow pursues the fly, you know?
+
+288
+00:21:29,580 --> 00:21:35,640
+And perhaps the swallow can be swallowed by what?
+
+289
+00:21:36,200 --> 00:21:41,260
+By the, you know, the other. So it is, this is
+
+290
+00:21:41,260 --> 00:21:46,350
+nature. It's the cycle. The busy bee, her honey,
+
+291
+00:21:46,430 --> 00:21:52,490
+now she sings. It's an image of a busy bee. And we
+
+292
+00:21:52,490 --> 00:21:56,630
+said this busy bee, it is an example of
+
+293
+00:21:56,630 --> 00:21:58,290
+onomatopoeia.
+
+294
+00:21:59,650 --> 00:22:05,830
+Onomatopoeia. You know? It shows how vital and
+
+295
+00:22:05,830 --> 00:22:09,770
+active, you know, the creatures are. The busy bee,
+
+296
+00:22:10,150 --> 00:22:14,280
+her honey, now she sings. It's busy. Winter is
+
+297
+00:22:14,280 --> 00:22:18,780
+war. Was the flowers pale? Winter is behind. It's
+
+298
+00:22:18,780 --> 00:22:21,380
+another declaration reminding us this is
+
+299
+00:22:21,380 --> 00:22:26,660
+everything has changed. And then suddenly, you
+
+300
+00:22:26,660 --> 00:22:33,200
+know, we have the poet drawing attention to his
+
+301
+00:22:33,200 --> 00:22:39,140
+own situation. And thus, and thus, I see among
+
+302
+00:22:39,140 --> 00:22:42,140
+these pleasant things, these pleasant things.
+
+303
+00:22:42,590 --> 00:22:45,390
+Still like they are in front of him, not those.
+
+304
+00:22:48,570 --> 00:22:54,630
+Each curve decays, and yet my sorrow springs. I
+
+305
+00:22:54,630 --> 00:22:58,370
+think this line, each curve decays, each curve
+
+306
+00:22:58,370 --> 00:23:03,170
+comes to an end, yet my sorrow springs. Look here,
+
+307
+00:23:03,410 --> 00:23:08,110
+the last line is broken. It's broken by the pose.
+
+308
+00:23:09,270 --> 00:23:11,590
+And the pose is represented by, you know, the
+
+309
+00:23:11,590 --> 00:23:14,050
+grammatical. There is like a new sentence. So
+
+310
+00:23:14,050 --> 00:23:16,490
+there's a pose and a new sentence. And this is
+
+311
+00:23:16,490 --> 00:23:21,810
+what we call in poetry, Suzura. Suzura, it is a
+
+312
+00:23:21,810 --> 00:23:25,130
+pose. It is something, you know, in the middle of
+
+313
+00:23:25,130 --> 00:23:28,210
+the line. It's a break. So it could be structural.
+
+314
+00:23:28,410 --> 00:23:31,330
+It could be, you know, pose. And each care. So
+
+315
+00:23:31,330 --> 00:23:36,670
+when we read it, we say, and each care decays. And
+
+316
+00:23:36,670 --> 00:23:41,890
+like there is a pose. My soul springs. It's a
+
+317
+00:23:41,890 --> 00:23:47,210
+paradox, isn't it? What is the paradox? Paradox
+
+318
+00:23:47,210 --> 00:23:50,910
+and irony. The paradox is like how, you know,
+
+319
+00:23:50,970 --> 00:23:51,330
+because
+
+320
+00:23:53,990 --> 00:23:57,970
+You know, like sorrow is springing. Sorrow is
+
+321
+00:23:57,970 --> 00:24:02,850
+springing. We like spring. When something springs,
+
+322
+00:24:03,590 --> 00:24:07,150
+you know, it is changing from, you know, to a
+
+323
+00:24:07,150 --> 00:24:10,950
+better case. However, like this is, you know,
+
+324
+00:24:11,050 --> 00:24:13,370
+aggravating. The sorrow is aggravating, springing.
+
+325
+00:24:14,350 --> 00:24:18,330
+But as we said, here we have a wonderful
+
+326
+00:24:18,330 --> 00:24:22,700
+technique. You know, in stylistics, we call it the
+
+327
+00:24:22,700 --> 00:24:27,800
+technique of, you know, juxtaposition. As you see,
+
+328
+00:24:28,300 --> 00:24:32,500
+like juxtaposed to put things, you know, side by
+
+329
+00:24:32,500 --> 00:24:36,360
+side. So what is being juxtaposed here? What is
+
+330
+00:24:36,360 --> 00:24:42,480
+being juxtaposed? The spring? And? And the sorrow
+
+331
+00:24:42,480 --> 00:24:45,740
+of the poet. Yes, they are juxtaposed. Like, or
+
+332
+00:24:45,740 --> 00:24:49,340
+spring? You know? And the situation of the poet.
+
+333
+00:24:50,160 --> 00:24:53,840
+So this spring is changing. Spring is beautiful.
+
+334
+00:24:54,400 --> 00:24:58,020
+And the situation of the poet remains as it is.
+
+335
+00:24:58,260 --> 00:25:01,720
+And even it's getting worse because sorrow is
+
+336
+00:25:01,720 --> 00:25:07,580
+springing, is increasing. So this kind of
+
+337
+00:25:07,580 --> 00:25:13,320
+juxtaposition spawns or generates the irony. You
+
+338
+00:25:13,320 --> 00:25:16,280
+know what I mean? The irony? Now, the situation
+
+339
+00:25:16,280 --> 00:25:21,260
+has become very ironical. How come? How come
+
+340
+00:25:21,260 --> 00:25:25,180
+everything is changing and your situation remains
+
+341
+00:25:25,180 --> 00:25:28,980
+the same? So here, we have a sense of irony.
+
+342
+00:25:29,980 --> 00:25:34,520
+Everything around the poet is changing, but his
+
+343
+00:25:34,520 --> 00:25:41,550
+situation is not. Of course, all these, as I told
+
+344
+00:25:41,550 --> 00:25:44,870
+you, we cannot discuss every single aesthetic
+
+345
+00:25:44,870 --> 00:25:49,390
+element in every poem we are studying. But we can
+
+346
+00:25:49,390 --> 00:25:54,550
+have some of these, and you can add something if
+
+347
+00:25:54,550 --> 00:26:01,390
+you need to add. Now, this is, as we said, it is
+
+348
+00:26:01,390 --> 00:26:04,130
+not Henry Howard who introduced this subject.
+
+349
+00:26:06,910 --> 00:26:12,950
+But it was Sir Thomas Wyatt. However, he developed
+
+350
+00:26:12,950 --> 00:26:18,470
+this on him. And if you look here, you see that
+
+351
+00:26:18,470 --> 00:26:21,530
+what kind of development he did. What kind of
+
+352
+00:26:21,530 --> 00:26:29,090
+development? Yes? The division of three quadrants.
+
+353
+00:26:29,790 --> 00:26:35,470
+So what do you mean by that? Okay. What do you
+
+354
+00:26:35,470 --> 00:26:40,990
+mean by three quatrains? Yes, like we have three
+
+355
+00:26:40,990 --> 00:26:47,390
+stanzas. Each stanza is made of four lines and we
+
+356
+00:26:47,390 --> 00:26:53,310
+have a couplet. So this is a kind of departure, a
+
+357
+00:26:53,310 --> 00:26:57,270
+departure from the Petrarchian sunnah form. The
+
+358
+00:26:57,270 --> 00:27:01,070
+Petrarchian was rigid a little bit because you
+
+359
+00:27:01,070 --> 00:27:05,270
+have the octave and the system here as you see. A,
+
+360
+00:27:05,810 --> 00:27:08,530
+you know, and here it is made clear.
+
+361
+00:27:11,670 --> 00:27:21,770
+A, you know, A, B, A, B, and then C,
+
+362
+00:27:22,090 --> 00:27:32,020
+E, C, R3. A B. A B. Okay, sorry.
+
+363
+00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:37,040
+Yes.
+
+364
+00:27:40,920 --> 00:27:41,940
+It's escaping, yeah?
+
+365
+00:27:45,840 --> 00:27:59,440
+Yes. A B. A, B, you know, A, B, A, B, A, B. So you
+
+366
+00:27:59,440 --> 00:28:03,740
+have like three quadrants, you know, and, you
+
+367
+00:28:03,740 --> 00:28:09,820
+know, a couplet, you know, you can say A, A, or if
+
+368
+00:28:09,820 --> 00:28:12,980
+you want to give it a neuron, you can say E, E. So
+
+369
+00:28:12,980 --> 00:28:18,280
+like we are having a more flexible form, a more
+
+370
+00:28:19,160 --> 00:28:20,120
+flexible form.
+
+371
+00:28:22,940 --> 00:28:26,340
+Henry Howard also, you know, this poem is written
+
+372
+00:28:26,340 --> 00:28:29,480
+in iambic pentameter. And we said the iambic
+
+373
+00:28:29,480 --> 00:28:36,080
+pentameter is very musical. So if you look at the,
+
+374
+00:28:36,200 --> 00:28:41,680
+su, si, za, da, ba, and lu, fourth brains, it is
+
+375
+00:28:41,680 --> 00:28:45,580
+ti, tam, ti, tam. It should be like this, su, si,
+
+376
+00:28:45,740 --> 00:28:49,620
+za, da, ba, and lu, fourth brains. It's very
+
+377
+00:28:49,620 --> 00:28:54,280
+musical. And I think this is apt for the scene
+
+378
+00:28:54,280 --> 00:29:00,160
+itself. We mentioned, like, when we were doing the
+
+379
+00:29:00,160 --> 00:29:04,820
+introduction, how iambic pentameter is very, so
+
+380
+00:29:04,820 --> 00:29:08,520
+this is very systematic. He was fond of using the
+
+381
+00:29:08,520 --> 00:29:11,920
+iambic pentameter, and even, like, he invented
+
+382
+00:29:11,920 --> 00:29:16,660
+blank verse, and the blank verse was unrhymed, you
+
+383
+00:29:16,660 --> 00:29:18,040
+know, unrhymed.
+
+384
+00:29:21,190 --> 00:29:24,670
+I don't want you to be disturbed, but look here,
+
+385
+00:29:24,910 --> 00:29:27,630
+you just like look with the green, it is
+
+386
+00:29:27,630 --> 00:29:30,530
+unstressed, stressed, unstressed, stressed,
+
+387
+00:29:30,990 --> 00:29:35,070
+unstressed, stressed. Like the choice of this was
+
+388
+00:29:35,070 --> 00:29:40,600
+like to show some musicality. Some writers might
+
+389
+00:29:40,600 --> 00:29:45,760
+play with these, you know, with the meter for some
+
+390
+00:29:45,760 --> 00:29:48,820
+purposes. Here, he's not playing. It is like he's
+
+391
+00:29:48,820 --> 00:29:51,480
+presenting, you know, the whole Ayurvedic
+
+392
+00:29:51,480 --> 00:29:58,980
+pentameter. Okay? Now, let us go to the critical
+
+393
+00:29:58,980 --> 00:30:04,680
+plan. And, you know, I ask you to prepare the
+
+394
+00:30:04,680 --> 00:30:09,330
+critical plan. And in the critical plan, if you
+
+395
+00:30:09,330 --> 00:30:13,510
+remember this part, we are warned, we are
+
+396
+00:30:13,510 --> 00:30:20,090
+admonished not to be hasty. So, because, you know,
+
+397
+00:30:20,230 --> 00:30:23,610
+I thought some of you, when you read Description
+
+398
+00:30:23,610 --> 00:30:27,870
+of Spring, you jump to this conclusion that, you
+
+399
+00:30:27,870 --> 00:30:33,670
+know, this poem is about spring, and you fail to
+
+400
+00:30:33,670 --> 00:30:38,070
+read the last couplet. Did it happen to you? Did
+
+401
+00:30:38,070 --> 00:30:42,220
+it happen to you? Yeah, at the beginning, the poem
+
+402
+00:30:42,220 --> 00:30:45,040
+is intriguing. You just look and you say, wow,
+
+403
+00:30:45,440 --> 00:30:48,660
+this is a wonderful description of spring. And
+
+404
+00:30:48,660 --> 00:30:53,390
+suddenly you ignore. Like, you know, certain line.
+
+405
+00:30:53,870 --> 00:30:56,590
+In the critical plan, you are admonished, like the
+
+406
+00:30:56,590 --> 00:31:00,350
+part I gave you. We should read the poem from the
+
+407
+00:31:00,350 --> 00:31:04,830
+very beginning, you know, before we give a
+
+408
+00:31:04,830 --> 00:31:07,690
+judgment or before we talk about, you know, the
+
+409
+00:31:07,690 --> 00:31:11,010
+theme of the poem. We have to read the poem as a
+
+410
+00:31:11,010 --> 00:31:13,630
+whole. But I think, you know, in the critical
+
+411
+00:31:13,630 --> 00:31:17,710
+plan, I included for you this poem, which is the
+
+412
+00:31:17,710 --> 00:31:23,190
+liver by, you know, Graves. And I'm not sure
+
+413
+00:31:23,190 --> 00:31:26,370
+whether all of you have read this poem or not.
+
+414
+00:31:26,970 --> 00:31:30,010
+Have you read this poem? Let us read this poem.
+
+415
+00:31:30,990 --> 00:31:35,370
+Near Martin Poost that night of hell, two men were
+
+416
+00:31:35,370 --> 00:31:39,390
+struck by the same shell, together tumbling in one
+
+417
+00:31:39,390 --> 00:31:43,550
+heap, senseless and limbless like slaughtered
+
+418
+00:31:43,550 --> 00:31:48,970
+sheep. One was pale, eighteen years old, blue-eyed
+
+419
+00:31:48,970 --> 00:31:52,570
+and thin and not too bald. pressed for the war,
+
+420
+00:31:52,910 --> 00:31:57,330
+not, you know, ten years too soon. The shame and
+
+421
+00:31:57,330 --> 00:32:01,070
+pity of his platoon. The other came from far-off
+
+422
+00:32:01,070 --> 00:32:04,750
+lands, with bristling chin and whisker hands. He
+
+423
+00:32:04,750 --> 00:32:08,370
+had known death and hell before, in Mexico and
+
+424
+00:32:08,370 --> 00:32:12,790
+Ecuador. Yet in his death, this throat-wild
+
+425
+00:32:12,790 --> 00:32:17,580
+groaned, Mother! Mother! Like a child! while the
+
+426
+00:32:17,580 --> 00:32:21,620
+poor innocent in man's clothes died cursing God
+
+427
+00:32:21,620 --> 00:32:26,100
+with brutal oath. Old Sergeant Smith, kindest of
+
+428
+00:32:26,100 --> 00:32:30,540
+men, wrote out copies and then of his accustomed
+
+429
+00:32:30,540 --> 00:32:35,680
+funeral speech to cheer the womenfolk of each. He
+
+430
+00:32:35,680 --> 00:32:39,120
+died a hero's death, and we, his comrades of our
+
+431
+00:32:39,120 --> 00:32:43,160
+company, deeply regret his death. We shall all
+
+432
+00:32:43,160 --> 00:32:46,670
+deeply miss our true pal. Okay.
+
+433
+00:32:49,230 --> 00:32:52,030
+I know it's difficult. But like this poem was
+
+434
+00:32:52,030 --> 00:32:55,650
+given to a class of poetry like you. And you know
+
+435
+00:32:55,650 --> 00:32:59,350
+what? After reading this poem, they came to this
+
+436
+00:32:59,350 --> 00:33:03,830
+hasty conclusion that in this poem there is, this
+
+437
+00:33:03,830 --> 00:33:07,570
+poem is about two soldiers. One was, you know,
+
+438
+00:33:08,210 --> 00:33:11,770
+courageous, bold. And the other was, you know,
+
+439
+00:33:11,850 --> 00:33:16,400
+coward. Or, you know, a coward or cowardly. And
+
+440
+00:33:16,400 --> 00:33:20,000
+what happened, like in their death, their position
+
+441
+00:33:20,000 --> 00:33:26,900
+was reversed. The one who was cowardly became more
+
+442
+00:33:26,900 --> 00:33:30,280
+daring, and the one who was daring, I mean the
+
+443
+00:33:30,280 --> 00:33:35,340
+veteran, became cowardly. This is a hasty
+
+444
+00:33:35,340 --> 00:33:36,280
+decision.
+
+445
+00:33:38,880 --> 00:33:43,780
+And those students who came to that conclusion
+
+446
+00:33:43,780 --> 00:33:48,860
+have not read the poem, have not looked at the
+
+447
+00:33:48,860 --> 00:33:53,380
+final, you know, two stanzas or the penultimate
+
+448
+00:33:53,380 --> 00:33:56,780
+and the final stanza. Yes, they are two soldiers.
+
+449
+00:33:57,940 --> 00:34:01,720
+They were tumbled by the same ship. You know,
+
+450
+00:34:01,780 --> 00:34:05,860
+these students failed to see the irony. They
+
+451
+00:34:05,860 --> 00:34:11,580
+failed to, you know, feel the sarcastic tone of
+
+452
+00:34:11,580 --> 00:34:15,540
+the writer. Like, yes, they died. One was a hero.
+
+453
+00:34:16,880 --> 00:34:22,000
+He died as a hero, and one died as a hero, and the
+
+454
+00:34:22,000 --> 00:34:26,580
+other died as a coward. But what did Sgt. Smith
+
+455
+00:34:26,580 --> 00:34:32,380
+say about him? What did he do? Old Sgt. Smith,
+
+456
+00:34:32,640 --> 00:34:39,420
+kindest of men, wrote out two copies of his
+
+457
+00:34:39,420 --> 00:34:43,800
+accustomed speech. Like he was writing, You know,
+
+458
+00:34:44,060 --> 00:34:46,300
+this is his way of writing speech. You know, when
+
+459
+00:34:46,300 --> 00:34:50,300
+a soldier dies, speeches and funerals are given,
+
+460
+00:34:50,520 --> 00:34:54,720
+you know, memorials, you know, just to speak
+
+461
+00:34:54,720 --> 00:34:59,120
+about, like, the person who died. To cheer, like,
+
+462
+00:34:59,160 --> 00:35:01,840
+what was the purpose? To cheer the womenfolk of
+
+463
+00:35:01,840 --> 00:35:06,840
+each. So the purpose was sentimental. It was not
+
+464
+00:35:06,840 --> 00:35:12,440
+genuine at all. And what did he say? Each one, he
+
+465
+00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:19,020
+died a hero's death. Do you think each one died as
+
+466
+00:35:19,020 --> 00:35:22,360
+a hero? Because one said, mother, mother, he was
+
+467
+00:35:22,360 --> 00:35:25,440
+like a child. And others say, oh God, and you
+
+468
+00:35:25,440 --> 00:35:28,660
+know, he was cursed. This is what happened. So
+
+469
+00:35:28,660 --> 00:35:33,880
+look here, is he true? Is he honest? Or is he a
+
+470
+00:35:33,880 --> 00:35:39,590
+liar? He's a liar. He died a hero's death. And we
+
+471
+00:35:39,590 --> 00:35:42,950
+all his comrades of our company, look how he is a
+
+472
+00:35:42,950 --> 00:35:46,690
+liar. Look how he is sentimental. You know what it
+
+473
+00:35:46,690 --> 00:35:49,990
+means? He wants us to cry. He wants to force us to
+
+474
+00:35:49,990 --> 00:35:54,830
+cry. We deeply regret his death. We shall all
+
+475
+00:35:54,830 --> 00:35:57,830
+deeply miss Surah Al-Bukhari.
+
+476
+00:35:59,810 --> 00:36:04,710
+Very rare. Very, a liar. Hypocrisy. So I think,
+
+477
+00:36:05,010 --> 00:36:08,390
+you know, reading the two lines will make us
+
+478
+00:36:08,390 --> 00:36:12,810
+change our mind about the whole poem. So we cannot
+
+479
+00:36:12,810 --> 00:36:16,690
+say that this poem is about the reversal of, you
+
+480
+00:36:16,690 --> 00:36:20,330
+know, the fortune of the two soldiers. We cannot
+
+481
+00:36:20,330 --> 00:36:24,510
+say. Who can tell me what is it about then? After
+
+482
+00:36:24,510 --> 00:36:28,670
+reading. Like here, the story is clear, as you
+
+483
+00:36:28,670 --> 00:36:34,050
+see. Here, he's like assigning the place. It is a
+
+484
+00:36:34,050 --> 00:36:38,810
+place, you know, Martin Puce's Night of Hell. Two
+
+485
+00:36:38,810 --> 00:36:41,150
+men were struck by the same shell. It was a shell,
+
+486
+00:36:41,310 --> 00:36:44,370
+artillery shell, together tumbling in one heap.
+
+487
+00:36:45,950 --> 00:36:48,390
+Senseless and limbless, without limbs, like
+
+488
+00:36:48,390 --> 00:36:52,050
+slaughtered sheep. One was pale, 18. He's telling
+
+489
+00:36:52,050 --> 00:36:56,830
+about each one. One was pale, 18 years, and he was
+
+490
+00:36:56,830 --> 00:37:02,490
+blue-eyed, very handsome. And he was pressed when
+
+491
+00:37:02,490 --> 00:37:06,050
+he was young to the war. And the other came and
+
+492
+00:37:06,050 --> 00:37:09,770
+was like veteran, experienced. He was fighting
+
+493
+00:37:09,770 --> 00:37:13,130
+everywhere, like the soldiers of Gaddafi. They
+
+494
+00:37:13,130 --> 00:37:16,670
+were brought from Africa, you know? So he was
+
+495
+00:37:16,670 --> 00:37:20,670
+fighting everywhere. But when they died, this You
+
+496
+00:37:20,670 --> 00:37:26,310
+know, this one said, he was like a child. You see?
+
+497
+00:37:28,410 --> 00:37:31,510
+But you know what the surgeon said, that he was a
+
+498
+00:37:31,510 --> 00:37:40,330
+hero. So now you come to understand that this poem
+
+499
+00:37:40,330 --> 00:37:41,010
+is about.
+
+500
+00:37:44,430 --> 00:37:49,820
+It is? It's about political hypocrisy. It's about
+
+501
+00:37:49,820 --> 00:37:58,780
+the false idea of heroism. Because sometimes we
+
+502
+00:37:58,780 --> 00:38:04,200
+exaggerate the achievement of some people. They're
+
+503
+00:38:04,200 --> 00:38:08,360
+not heroes. They're not heroes. But we think that
+
+504
+00:38:08,360 --> 00:38:13,280
+they are heroes. You see what I mean? So whenever
+
+505
+00:38:13,280 --> 00:38:15,400
+you come to
+
+506
+00:38:18,510 --> 00:38:21,330
+To give a general statement, you have to make sure
+
+507
+00:38:21,330 --> 00:38:25,890
+to read the poem. This applies to our poem, you
+
+508
+00:38:25,890 --> 00:38:29,770
+know, like a description of spring. We don't have
+
+509
+00:38:29,770 --> 00:38:34,630
+to be very hasty. We have to think deeply, you
+
+510
+00:38:34,630 --> 00:38:38,440
+know. Okay. As you see, we don't have to jump to
+
+511
+00:38:38,440 --> 00:38:41,320
+this conclusion. This poem is lovely. I like it
+
+512
+00:38:41,320 --> 00:38:43,660
+very much because it's about regeneration,
+
+513
+00:38:44,020 --> 00:38:48,700
+rebirth. What about this? And thus I see among
+
+514
+00:38:48,700 --> 00:38:52,420
+these special things, each care decays and yet my
+
+515
+00:38:52,420 --> 00:38:59,180
+sorrow spreads. So now, of course, like the title,
+
+516
+00:39:01,230 --> 00:39:05,550
+Reading this and reading the title would make you
+
+517
+00:39:05,550 --> 00:39:08,370
+come to this conclusion that this poem seems to be
+
+518
+00:39:08,370 --> 00:39:14,070
+about court love. But we see here like he's a
+
+519
+00:39:14,070 --> 00:39:16,550
+little bit different from our previous poet
+
+520
+00:39:16,550 --> 00:39:20,150
+because he's less offensive. He's very polite.
+
+521
+00:39:20,590 --> 00:39:23,950
+He's very gentle. He's not a degrading woman. He
+
+522
+00:39:23,950 --> 00:39:28,340
+is implying. And thus I see among these pleasant
+
+523
+00:39:28,340 --> 00:39:34,320
+things each care decays, and yet my soul springs."
+
+524
+00:39:34,320 --> 00:39:39,500
+You know? He just like won our hearts, won our
+
+525
+00:39:39,500 --> 00:39:42,900
+compassion by this novel. He's very novel, huh?
+
+526
+00:39:43,600 --> 00:39:48,320
+Okay. Now, you know, some of you might, I say it
+
+527
+00:39:48,320 --> 00:39:50,840
+seems to be about courtly love. Because in the
+
+528
+00:39:50,840 --> 00:39:54,600
+morning, you know, when I was reading this poem, I
+
+529
+00:39:54,600 --> 00:39:59,090
+said, wait a minute. It might not be about court
+
+530
+00:39:59,090 --> 00:40:04,790
+life. It might be about the king's relationship
+
+531
+00:40:04,790 --> 00:40:09,830
+with other courtiers. It could be about the court
+
+532
+00:40:09,830 --> 00:40:17,650
+life. And because he was in prison, he was like
+
+533
+00:40:17,650 --> 00:40:22,810
+the king was angry with him all the time. So he
+
+534
+00:40:22,810 --> 00:40:27,520
+was referring to the life Of the court, everybody
+
+535
+00:40:27,520 --> 00:40:32,900
+in the court was having his place except him. So
+
+536
+00:40:32,900 --> 00:40:38,140
+this is another reading of the poem. He might be
+
+537
+00:40:38,140 --> 00:40:41,680
+referring to his political or unsuccessful
+
+538
+00:40:41,680 --> 00:40:46,280
+political career in the court of Henry VIII,
+
+539
+00:40:46,600 --> 00:40:51,430
+because Henry VIII, as I told you, was you know,
+
+540
+00:40:51,690 --> 00:40:55,070
+very changeable, was very whimsical, eccentric,
+
+541
+00:40:55,670 --> 00:40:58,790
+his behavior, he was not like, he didn't like
+
+542
+00:40:58,790 --> 00:41:03,990
+anybody to rival him, and this man, like, was a
+
+543
+00:41:03,990 --> 00:41:08,190
+rival, that's why he was beheaded. And in fact, I
+
+544
+00:41:08,190 --> 00:41:11,350
+wanted to show you today like the scene of his
+
+545
+00:41:11,350 --> 00:41:14,970
+trial, but hopefully next time before we start
+
+546
+00:41:14,970 --> 00:41:18,970
+like our next poem, I can show you this. Okay,
+
+547
+00:41:19,690 --> 00:41:23,350
+this is enough about the poem, but if you have any
+
+548
+00:41:23,350 --> 00:41:29,250
+question, you know, you can ask before that. Of
+
+549
+00:41:29,250 --> 00:41:34,090
+course, now it is your responsibility to write,
+
+550
+00:41:34,970 --> 00:41:40,830
+you know, to write. I mean, a critical account of
+
+551
+00:41:40,830 --> 00:41:45,950
+this. You can piece up together things we said in
+
+552
+00:41:45,950 --> 00:41:50,490
+the lecture and bring them together. Like you can
+
+553
+00:41:50,490 --> 00:41:52,230
+write about the theme, you can write about the
+
+554
+00:41:52,230 --> 00:41:56,370
+rhyme, about the music, about this and that, about
+
+555
+00:41:56,370 --> 00:42:00,410
+figurative language in this poem. Any question?
+
+556
+00:42:02,910 --> 00:42:08,730
+Let me thank you. And next time, hopefully, we're
+
+557
+00:42:08,730 --> 00:42:17,930
+going to see another poem, which is, I think, no,
+
+558
+00:42:18,310 --> 00:42:22,810
+Litany? Yeah, Litany. We're talking about Sir
+
+559
+00:42:22,810 --> 00:42:28,890
+Philip Sidney. Sir Philip Sidney. And we will be
+
+560
+00:42:28,890 --> 00:42:32,390
+living also in the critical plan, the same part.
+
+561
+00:42:32,950 --> 00:42:34,750
+Thank you very much and see you next time.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/qyvqZaimxhE_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2460 @@
+1
+00:00:12,040 --> 00:00:19,220
+Good morning everybody. How are you today? Good.
+
+2
+00:00:19,900 --> 00:00:24,900
+So today we are supposed to see another
+
+3
+00:00:24,900 --> 00:00:29,560
+poem for William Blake, The Tiger.
+
+4
+00:00:32,470 --> 00:00:37,590
+And today we are honored to have Ms.
+
+5
+00:00:43,050 --> 00:00:48,830
+Ahlam Amber. I know, okay. I'm very honored to
+
+6
+00:00:48,830 --> 00:00:53,590
+have her because she's a distinguished teacher in
+
+7
+00:00:53,590 --> 00:00:57,120
+the field of literature. And I'm honored to have
+
+8
+00:00:57,120 --> 00:01:00,720
+her in a new fashion, a new style of teaching
+
+9
+00:01:00,720 --> 00:01:04,660
+called co-teaching, like both of us, we are going
+
+10
+00:01:04,660 --> 00:01:10,000
+to teach. And after seeing your response and
+
+11
+00:01:10,000 --> 00:01:13,860
+talking a little bit about the poem, we are going
+
+12
+00:01:13,860 --> 00:01:20,540
+to see her giving a presentation or talking about
+
+13
+00:01:20,540 --> 00:01:26,050
+the tiger. So as is the case, we need somebody to
+
+14
+00:01:26,050 --> 00:01:29,470
+report now. I know that you submitted your
+
+15
+00:01:29,470 --> 00:01:32,410
+reports, but some people like still they can
+
+16
+00:01:32,410 --> 00:01:37,530
+identify. Yes, you can come and read your report.
+
+17
+00:01:45,650 --> 00:01:50,170
+The idea that there is daily report till the
+
+18
+00:01:50,170 --> 00:01:56,930
+events of the previous lecture to make the study
+
+19
+00:01:56,930 --> 00:02:00,510
+easier because we remember what happened and what
+
+20
+00:02:00,510 --> 00:02:05,290
+ideas that have discussed and the information that
+
+21
+00:02:05,290 --> 00:02:08,850
+was provided to us. After all, last lecture was
+
+22
+00:02:08,850 --> 00:02:12,430
+about to complement what was missing from the
+
+23
+00:02:12,430 --> 00:02:15,110
+poem, The Sick Rose of the writer William Blake.
+
+24
+00:02:15,410 --> 00:02:18,510
+We discussed the possibility that there will be
+
+25
+00:02:18,510 --> 00:02:22,930
+more than one theme of the poem, and more than one
+
+26
+00:02:22,930 --> 00:02:26,850
+symbol of the sick rose. And the new thing that
+
+27
+00:02:26,850 --> 00:02:30,970
+from now will miss Ahlam Amber in teaching the
+
+28
+00:02:30,970 --> 00:02:35,590
+poetry with Dr. Akram. And I expect that the
+
+29
+00:02:35,590 --> 00:02:39,470
+coming lectures will be more interesting by her
+
+30
+00:02:39,470 --> 00:02:42,210
+attendance. Okay, by her presence. Thank you very
+
+31
+00:02:42,210 --> 00:02:44,370
+much. Okay, another like,
+
+32
+00:02:46,930 --> 00:02:53,570
+I know you submitted, so yes, yes, you come. I
+
+33
+00:02:53,570 --> 00:02:56,270
+think you are lucky, you always get the chance to
+
+34
+00:02:56,270 --> 00:03:00,180
+read. But I'll be luckier than you because I'm
+
+35
+00:03:00,180 --> 00:03:02,220
+going to read all the reports today, you know?
+
+36
+00:03:03,700 --> 00:03:06,720
+Class class was so fun. You come here. We even had
+
+37
+00:03:06,720 --> 00:03:09,860
+a very special guest, Ms. Ahlam. We explained the
+
+38
+00:03:09,860 --> 00:03:12,680
+sick rose deeper. Dr. Akram asked us about our
+
+39
+00:03:12,680 --> 00:03:15,080
+interpretation. A lot of girls had a lot of
+
+40
+00:03:15,080 --> 00:03:18,040
+creative ideas. I liked when the teacher explained
+
+41
+00:03:18,040 --> 00:03:21,670
+it on the teacher and the student. and vice versa.
+
+42
+00:03:22,050 --> 00:03:24,610
+It seems that William Blake is really an
+
+43
+00:03:24,610 --> 00:03:28,150
+intelligent man for writing such a poem with so
+
+44
+00:03:28,150 --> 00:03:30,990
+many interpretations. I'm so excited to start even
+
+45
+00:03:30,990 --> 00:03:34,110
+the next poem, The Tiger. It may be even more
+
+46
+00:03:34,110 --> 00:03:36,710
+interesting than The Sick Rose. Very good. Thank
+
+47
+00:03:36,710 --> 00:03:39,190
+you very much. So you asked, like, The Tiger.
+
+48
+00:03:43,010 --> 00:03:48,140
+I know, like, you're ready with your response. But
+
+49
+00:03:48,140 --> 00:03:51,120
+let me, I want your response orally. What do you
+
+50
+00:03:51,120 --> 00:03:51,940
+think of the tiger?
+
+51
+00:03:54,860 --> 00:03:59,280
+Do you like the poem? You don't like it? It's
+
+52
+00:03:59,280 --> 00:04:03,760
+easy? Difficult? So tell me about your impression,
+
+53
+00:04:03,840 --> 00:04:10,420
+yes? Yes, the poem is nice because it reminds me
+
+54
+00:04:10,420 --> 00:04:14,920
+of our creation and it gives me a feeling of awe
+
+55
+00:04:14,920 --> 00:04:21,110
+from our God. So you like it because it reminds
+
+56
+00:04:21,110 --> 00:04:24,590
+you of, you know, like the creation of Adam, how
+
+57
+00:04:24,590 --> 00:04:29,870
+Adam was created. Very good. Thank you. Yes, any
+
+58
+00:04:29,870 --> 00:04:34,730
+other take on? Yes? He wants also to add something
+
+59
+00:04:34,730 --> 00:04:40,950
+that we have in our life, the good side and the
+
+60
+00:04:40,950 --> 00:04:43,410
+bad side. And he tries to represent that
+
+61
+00:04:49,090 --> 00:04:54,950
+So the lamb is
+
+62
+00:04:54,950 --> 00:05:02,810
+the mild innocent lamb yes Yeah
+
+63
+00:05:04,410 --> 00:05:06,790
+Yes, you're right, like we have two contradictory
+
+64
+00:05:06,790 --> 00:05:11,510
+things. But my fear is like, how can we fit this
+
+65
+00:05:11,510 --> 00:05:18,500
+later with Blake's notion of, you know, a positive
+
+66
+00:05:18,500 --> 00:05:20,800
+notion of creation. When he said, without
+
+67
+00:05:20,800 --> 00:05:24,500
+countries, there are no progression. So I don't
+
+68
+00:05:24,500 --> 00:05:27,480
+know how we can fit this, like the tiger, without
+
+69
+00:05:27,480 --> 00:05:29,600
+the tiger, we don't have the lamb, and without the
+
+70
+00:05:29,600 --> 00:05:32,620
+lamb, we don't have the tiger. You see? So
+
+71
+00:05:32,620 --> 00:05:36,120
+hopefully, like, Mr. Ahlam is going to fit this
+
+72
+00:05:36,120 --> 00:05:39,720
+today for us. Yes? The thing that I like in this
+
+73
+00:05:39,720 --> 00:05:42,800
+book, the idea which he discussed, the existence
+
+74
+00:05:42,800 --> 00:05:45,400
+of good and evil, and each, and each, and
+
+75
+00:05:45,400 --> 00:05:50,340
+epically, and epically, Mm-hmm, good. Yes, Jihan,
+
+76
+00:05:50,460 --> 00:05:52,540
+thank you very much. I really liked the poem
+
+77
+00:05:52,540 --> 00:05:55,460
+itself, like the rhyme in it, and it felt like it
+
+78
+00:05:55,460 --> 00:05:59,180
+had the same feature. Wow. And also the name
+
+79
+00:05:59,180 --> 00:06:01,500
+itself. What do you mean? It is symmetrical. It is
+
+80
+00:06:01,500 --> 00:06:04,560
+A, B, A, you know? Yeah, A, B, A, B. I like that
+
+81
+00:06:04,560 --> 00:06:08,120
+rhyme. A, A. A, A, B, B. B, B. So it's like heroic
+
+82
+00:06:08,120 --> 00:06:11,040
+couplet, yeah? It has to do with the symmetry
+
+83
+00:06:11,040 --> 00:06:16,430
+itself. And also I liked what he chose, like the
+
+84
+00:06:16,430 --> 00:06:18,990
+tiger. It reminded me of something you said, the
+
+85
+00:06:18,990 --> 00:06:23,570
+terrible beauty. Because you have the tiger, it's
+
+86
+00:06:23,570 --> 00:06:26,970
+vicious, but at the same time, it's beautiful. And
+
+87
+00:06:26,970 --> 00:06:29,610
+also, as she said, there is the good side and the
+
+88
+00:06:29,610 --> 00:06:32,710
+bad side. Wow. But you mentioned the terrible
+
+89
+00:06:32,710 --> 00:06:35,930
+beauty. Do you have something equivalent to this?
+
+90
+00:06:35,990 --> 00:06:39,570
+Do you have in the poem something equivalent to
+
+91
+00:06:39,570 --> 00:06:44,800
+this? I mean, it's an oxymoron, like, yeah, or
+
+92
+00:06:44,800 --> 00:06:49,420
+oxymoron. Yes, you're right. It is the fearful
+
+93
+00:06:49,420 --> 00:06:56,420
+symmetry. It is the fearful symmetry. Good. Yes? I
+
+94
+00:06:56,420 --> 00:07:01,460
+think it focuses on an important characteristic of
+
+95
+00:07:01,460 --> 00:07:05,840
+Marxism. That is contemplation. Contemplation.
+
+96
+00:07:07,460 --> 00:07:08,340
+Contemplation, yes.
+
+97
+00:07:15,890 --> 00:07:16,650
+Yeah,
+
+98
+00:07:19,090 --> 00:07:24,670
+like it's, you know, he's contemplating. But this
+
+99
+00:07:24,670 --> 00:07:27,770
+is contemplating, you know, is this contemplation
+
+100
+00:07:27,770 --> 00:07:32,650
+like mixed with what? With which sentiments? And
+
+101
+00:07:32,650 --> 00:07:36,250
+again, this contemplation perhaps determines how
+
+102
+00:07:36,250 --> 00:07:39,450
+we read the poem. Because I don't know. How would
+
+103
+00:07:39,450 --> 00:07:41,950
+you read the poem? Have you tried like to read it
+
+104
+00:07:41,950 --> 00:07:45,830
+aloud? Tiger, tiger, burning bright in the forest
+
+105
+00:07:45,830 --> 00:07:46,490
+of the night. Like this?
+
+106
+00:07:49,290 --> 00:07:51,690
+Is it like this? I think Khalid wants me to read
+
+107
+00:07:51,690 --> 00:07:54,270
+it like this. Tiger, tiger, burning bright in the
+
+108
+00:07:54,270 --> 00:07:57,350
+forest of the night. Maybe.
+
+109
+00:08:01,030 --> 00:08:05,780
+So how did you read it at home aloud? To me it
+
+110
+00:08:05,780 --> 00:08:09,700
+felt like a lullaby. Okay, you just come. You
+
+111
+00:08:09,700 --> 00:08:14,300
+don't want to do that? Tiger, tiger, burning
+
+112
+00:08:14,300 --> 00:08:19,440
+bright. A lullaby, you know? I don't know, but the
+
+113
+00:08:19,440 --> 00:08:21,240
+child will be horrified.
+
+114
+00:08:24,060 --> 00:08:26,780
+And I don't think the tiger, it could be the
+
+115
+00:08:26,780 --> 00:08:30,720
+rabbit, rabbit, you know? It is more convenient
+
+116
+00:08:30,720 --> 00:08:35,450
+for a baby, you know? Tiger, like it would be
+
+117
+00:08:35,450 --> 00:08:40,050
+horrifying. Raise him up or something. Who has
+
+118
+00:08:40,050 --> 00:08:44,890
+tried to read it aloud? Raise your hand. One, two,
+
+119
+00:08:45,650 --> 00:08:51,550
+three. Okay, do you want to give a try? Yes or no?
+
+120
+00:08:51,830 --> 00:08:52,390
+You come here.
+
+121
+00:08:58,130 --> 00:09:00,210
+It seems like the poem is very interesting.
+
+122
+00:09:05,060 --> 00:09:08,740
+Because I'm not sure. Okay, let's see. Tiger,
+
+123
+00:09:08,920 --> 00:09:12,100
+tiger, burning bright in the forest of the night.
+
+124
+00:09:12,480 --> 00:09:15,540
+What immortal hand or eye could frame thy fearful
+
+125
+00:09:15,540 --> 00:09:19,860
+symmetry? And what distant deeps or skies burn the
+
+126
+00:09:19,860 --> 00:09:24,420
+fire of thine eyes? On what wings dare he aspire?
+
+127
+00:09:25,870 --> 00:09:29,430
+On what wings dare he aspire? What red hand dares
+
+128
+00:09:29,430 --> 00:09:32,730
+seize the fire? And what shoulders and what heart
+
+129
+00:09:32,730 --> 00:09:36,710
+could twist the sinews of thy heart? And when the
+
+130
+00:09:36,710 --> 00:09:40,150
+heart began to beat, what red hand and what red
+
+131
+00:09:40,150 --> 00:09:44,490
+feet? What the hammer? What the chain? And what
+
+132
+00:09:44,490 --> 00:09:51,000
+furance was thy brain? What the anvil? Was the
+
+133
+00:09:51,000 --> 00:09:54,100
+anvil what dreaded grasp? Did the dreadly terrors
+
+134
+00:09:54,100 --> 00:09:58,040
+grasp? When the stars threw down their spears And
+
+135
+00:09:58,040 --> 00:10:01,300
+watered heaven with their tears Did he smile his
+
+136
+00:10:01,300 --> 00:10:05,700
+work to see? Did he who made the lamb make thee?
+
+137
+00:10:06,420 --> 00:10:09,600
+Tiger, tiger, banner bright In the forest of the
+
+138
+00:10:09,600 --> 00:10:13,240
+night What immortal hand or eye Did reframe thy
+
+139
+00:10:13,240 --> 00:10:17,990
+fearful symmetry? Wow, thank you very much. Yeah,
+
+140
+00:10:18,050 --> 00:10:21,850
+but I think we need more horror.
+
+141
+00:10:23,330 --> 00:10:27,390
+You know, we need more, I don't know. I'm in the
+
+142
+00:10:27,390 --> 00:10:35,850
+mood of reading it. Okay. Taga, Taga, burning
+
+143
+00:10:35,850 --> 00:10:40,090
+bright in the first of the night. One immortal
+
+144
+00:10:40,090 --> 00:10:46,250
+hand or eye could frame thy fearful symmetry. In
+
+145
+00:10:46,250 --> 00:10:50,290
+what distant deep solar skies burned the fire of
+
+146
+00:10:50,290 --> 00:10:55,030
+thine eyes? On what wings dare he aspire? What red
+
+147
+00:10:55,030 --> 00:10:58,830
+hands seized the fire? And what shoulder and what
+
+148
+00:10:58,830 --> 00:11:02,990
+heart could twist the sinews of thy heart? And
+
+149
+00:11:02,990 --> 00:11:06,470
+when thy heart began to beat, what red hand? What
+
+150
+00:11:06,470 --> 00:11:12,530
+red feet? What the hammer? What the chain? What
+
+151
+00:11:12,530 --> 00:11:17,270
+the hammer? What the chain? In what furnace was
+
+152
+00:11:17,270 --> 00:11:22,590
+thy brain? What the anvil? What dread grasp dared
+
+153
+00:11:22,590 --> 00:11:27,630
+its deadly terror clasp? When the stars threw down
+
+154
+00:11:27,630 --> 00:11:31,630
+their spears and watered heaven with their tears,
+
+155
+00:11:32,590 --> 00:11:37,110
+did he smile his work to see? Did he who made the
+
+156
+00:11:37,110 --> 00:11:43,420
+Lamb made thee? Tiger, tiger, burning fry, burning
+
+157
+00:11:43,420 --> 00:11:48,340
+fry. In the forest of the night, one immortal hand
+
+158
+00:11:48,340 --> 00:11:52,140
+or eye dare frame thy fearful symmetry.
+
+159
+00:11:54,680 --> 00:11:57,440
+You know, I tried, like, I can read it better,
+
+160
+00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:03,040
+though. Yes, look here, how frightening. Like,
+
+161
+00:12:03,160 --> 00:12:05,980
+have you ever seen a tiger? Yes. Where? In the
+
+162
+00:12:05,980 --> 00:12:09,810
+zoo? On the TV, I think you are safe. But imagine
+
+163
+00:12:09,810 --> 00:12:14,390
+yourself face-to-face to a tiger. Do you think you
+
+164
+00:12:14,390 --> 00:12:19,330
+are going to say, tiger? Okay, I don't think so.
+
+165
+00:12:20,870 --> 00:12:26,330
+Or you, tiger, you know? So let's see how would
+
+166
+00:12:26,330 --> 00:12:30,350
+Ahlam, like what she would do with a tiger. Here,
+
+167
+00:12:30,650 --> 00:12:33,590
+today, we are having her own interpretation, and
+
+168
+00:12:33,590 --> 00:12:35,830
+we're going to discuss later. Thank you.
+
+169
+00:12:52,500 --> 00:12:57,360
+So, Assalamualaikum. How are you today? Actually,
+
+170
+00:12:57,500 --> 00:13:02,160
+it gives me pleasure today to represent the tiger
+
+171
+00:13:02,160 --> 00:13:04,560
+for you with explanation. I hope you will
+
+172
+00:13:04,560 --> 00:13:07,340
+understand and it will be an interesting class,
+
+173
+00:13:07,460 --> 00:13:12,000
+inshallah. But I need your help too. Okay, so from
+
+174
+00:13:12,000 --> 00:13:16,240
+the title, the tiger here. We need something that
+
+175
+00:13:16,240 --> 00:13:19,160
+attracts your attention first when you read the
+
+176
+00:13:19,160 --> 00:13:25,230
+title of the poem. It reminds you of what? What
+
+177
+00:13:25,230 --> 00:13:31,110
+healings did it actually bring to you? Yes.
+
+178
+00:13:33,910 --> 00:13:46,690
+Evil. Okay. You are? Okay. Terror. Majestic. Yes.
+
+179
+00:13:49,070 --> 00:13:51,450
+Do you want to say something? Okay. He is supreme
+
+180
+00:13:51,450 --> 00:13:54,570
+and when he needs something or wants something, he
+
+181
+00:13:54,570 --> 00:14:04,230
+can take it. Okay, yes. Courage. Courage, okay,
+
+182
+00:14:05,210 --> 00:14:09,590
+yes. Something is strong or bonds. Okay, strong.
+
+183
+00:14:09,990 --> 00:14:17,530
+Yes Glory. Yes Okay, charming so you combine as I
+
+184
+00:14:17,530 --> 00:14:20,990
+see some positive adjectives with with some
+
+185
+00:14:20,990 --> 00:14:24,050
+actually negative adjectives What does this?
+
+186
+00:14:24,570 --> 00:14:30,530
+reflect to Yes
+
+187
+00:14:31,980 --> 00:14:34,220
+The combination of the positive and the negative
+
+188
+00:14:34,220 --> 00:14:37,360
+sides of the same creature. Here, the tiger. Yes.
+
+189
+00:14:37,540 --> 00:14:40,640
+I think the creature should have both sides or two
+
+190
+00:14:40,640 --> 00:14:45,100
+sides. Yes. Evil and goodness. Yes, what else?
+
+191
+00:14:46,440 --> 00:14:53,020
+Beauty and? What do we call it actually? Duality?
+
+192
+00:14:53,040 --> 00:14:57,340
+Yes. Duality? Okay, it is a duality of what?
+
+193
+00:15:03,080 --> 00:15:05,960
+Now here, as you see, we are considering the
+
+194
+00:15:05,960 --> 00:15:08,880
+romantic period with all its features, okay? And
+
+195
+00:15:08,880 --> 00:15:11,280
+here we are concentrating on Plague's poem, The
+
+196
+00:15:11,280 --> 00:15:14,940
+Tiger. One of his actually many poems, and it is,
+
+197
+00:15:15,240 --> 00:15:17,880
+as you know, from the Songs of Experience. The
+
+198
+00:15:17,880 --> 00:15:20,740
+other contradictory or the other complementary,
+
+199
+00:15:20,840 --> 00:15:23,760
+let's say, poem is The Lamb, and he mentioned it
+
+200
+00:15:23,760 --> 00:15:26,160
+in the same poem too. So you have the tiger and
+
+201
+00:15:26,160 --> 00:15:28,680
+you have the lamb, two animals, two creatures in
+
+202
+00:15:28,680 --> 00:15:33,410
+the same poem, right? So it is binary, right? Two
+
+203
+00:15:33,410 --> 00:15:38,210
+animals, two creatures, right? This also takes us
+
+204
+00:15:38,210 --> 00:15:41,730
+to another thing in the romantic period, which is
+
+205
+00:15:41,730 --> 00:15:45,230
+nature itself. Now, as you know, the romantics,
+
+206
+00:15:45,490 --> 00:15:48,710
+all of them are interested in nature with all its
+
+207
+00:15:48,710 --> 00:15:51,690
+flora and fauna, right? You know the meaning of
+
+208
+00:15:51,690 --> 00:15:53,810
+flora, the plants and the fauna are the animals,
+
+209
+00:15:53,970 --> 00:15:56,550
+right? And here we have the fauna of that nature.
+
+210
+00:15:57,250 --> 00:16:01,510
+Now nature for the romantics is divided into two
+
+211
+00:16:01,510 --> 00:16:06,470
+aspects. If you return back to Edmund Burke, do
+
+212
+00:16:06,470 --> 00:16:10,830
+you know him? He is a romantic, a critic and
+
+213
+00:16:10,830 --> 00:16:15,030
+politician also. Now he divided nature or our
+
+214
+00:16:15,030 --> 00:16:19,030
+reaction towards nature into two categories or two
+
+215
+00:16:19,030 --> 00:16:22,270
+parts. I mean here the sublime and the beautiful.
+
+216
+00:16:23,910 --> 00:16:25,830
+Now here if we consider nature,
+
+217
+00:16:29,460 --> 00:16:33,620
+Right? We can divide it into two aspects. First,
+
+218
+00:16:34,280 --> 00:16:34,840
+sublime.
+
+219
+00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:40,760
+And the other one is the beautiful.
+
+220
+00:16:47,400 --> 00:16:50,000
+Now this is the first thing that we are going to
+
+221
+00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:53,540
+consider in this poem. The other thing is nature
+
+222
+00:16:53,540 --> 00:16:58,580
+is equivalent to what? In the same poem too.
+
+223
+00:17:06,940 --> 00:17:07,660
+Okay,
+
+224
+00:17:10,260 --> 00:17:17,460
+what else? Nature is equivalent to art. Now here
+
+225
+00:17:17,460 --> 00:17:21,620
+we have some keywords in the same poem here. Now
+
+226
+00:17:21,620 --> 00:17:25,530
+here as we mentioned nature first. We need to take
+
+227
+00:17:25,530 --> 00:17:30,970
+it, okay, as a main word in our poem and then just
+
+228
+00:17:30,970 --> 00:17:32,850
+compare it with art.
+
+229
+00:17:36,470 --> 00:17:43,130
+Right? Now here, as you know, nature is the
+
+230
+00:17:43,130 --> 00:17:47,870
+creation of the creator. And our poem is the
+
+231
+00:17:47,870 --> 00:17:52,790
+creation of the poet. Right? Okay, so this is
+
+232
+00:17:52,790 --> 00:17:56,070
+another thing. Now let's go back to the sublime
+
+233
+00:17:56,070 --> 00:17:59,770
+and the beautiful. Now, as you mentioned here, so
+
+234
+00:17:59,770 --> 00:18:02,550
+many adjectives describing the tiger from the
+
+235
+00:18:02,550 --> 00:18:07,230
+first title of the poem. How you can describe the
+
+236
+00:18:07,230 --> 00:18:11,690
+tiger from the sublime perspective? What do we
+
+237
+00:18:11,690 --> 00:18:17,150
+mean by sublime first? Sublime, you know, which is
+
+238
+00:18:17,150 --> 00:18:21,550
+sublime. Yeah. Yes, Jihan. Like horrifying,
+
+239
+00:18:21,810 --> 00:18:25,100
+glorious. Majestic, something really powerful,
+
+240
+00:18:25,340 --> 00:18:28,500
+something really overwhelming, striking. Right. So
+
+241
+00:18:28,500 --> 00:18:32,580
+it actually it is versus talk to God. God is
+
+242
+00:18:32,580 --> 00:18:37,660
+sublime. Now under this, you can actually put so
+
+243
+00:18:37,660 --> 00:18:41,900
+many adjectives. You can give, I mean, vast, dark.
+
+244
+00:18:42,240 --> 00:18:46,220
+Gloomy. Terrifying. Okay? Under the word, which
+
+245
+00:18:46,220 --> 00:18:49,960
+one? Sublime. This is the first, I mean, part of
+
+246
+00:18:49,960 --> 00:18:52,940
+nature. Now if we go to the beautiful aspect here,
+
+247
+00:18:53,540 --> 00:18:55,720
+what other adjectives you can have here?
+
+248
+00:18:57,060 --> 00:19:03,480
+Beautiful. Tender. Smooth. Gentle. Nice. Pretty.
+
+249
+00:19:03,960 --> 00:19:07,800
+Quiet. Charming. Charming, right? Green. Okay,
+
+250
+00:19:07,920 --> 00:19:13,920
+green. So I mean here, nature is not only the site
+
+251
+00:19:13,920 --> 00:19:17,760
+of beauty, but it has some other sublime and
+
+252
+00:19:17,760 --> 00:19:20,780
+terrifying aspects. And here, the combination.
+
+253
+00:19:21,520 --> 00:19:25,240
+Here, the tiger. It is evidence that nature is not
+
+254
+00:19:25,240 --> 00:19:29,260
+totally, I mean, harmonious, right? It is not only
+
+255
+00:19:29,260 --> 00:19:32,220
+beautiful, but we have other aspects of nature too
+
+256
+00:19:32,220 --> 00:19:36,810
+here, right? Okay, so this is the tiger. Now if
+
+257
+00:19:36,810 --> 00:19:39,590
+you actually go to the poem itself here in order
+
+258
+00:19:39,590 --> 00:19:42,230
+to just to go deeply inside it, if you have any
+
+259
+00:19:42,230 --> 00:19:44,810
+difficult word, any difficult meaning, we can just
+
+260
+00:19:44,810 --> 00:19:48,220
+explain at the beginning. Now, tiger, tiger,
+
+261
+00:19:48,520 --> 00:19:52,340
+burning bright in the forest of the night. What
+
+262
+00:19:52,340 --> 00:19:55,540
+immortal hand or eye could frame thy fearful
+
+263
+00:19:55,540 --> 00:19:59,180
+symmetry? In what distant leaves or skies burned
+
+264
+00:19:59,180 --> 00:20:02,560
+the fire of thine eyes? On what wings dare he
+
+265
+00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:06,760
+aspire? What hand there sees the fire? Now, if we
+
+266
+00:20:06,760 --> 00:20:09,520
+go to the first stanza here, just give me the
+
+267
+00:20:09,520 --> 00:20:14,060
+crucial words in it. Yeah, the crucial, the main
+
+268
+00:20:14,060 --> 00:20:15,640
+words. Yeah, the main words here.
+
+269
+00:20:18,660 --> 00:20:19,700
+Immortal hands.
+
+270
+00:20:23,000 --> 00:20:27,560
+Yes. Cemetery. Okay, cemetery, right. What else?
+
+271
+00:20:30,200 --> 00:20:37,780
+Immortal hands. Immortal hands, right. Forest of
+
+272
+00:20:37,780 --> 00:20:41,000
+night. Okay, forest of night. Okay, but I don't
+
+273
+00:20:41,000 --> 00:20:43,400
+consider it as crucial. Okay, yeah, what else?
+
+274
+00:20:49,310 --> 00:20:52,090
+They might get it. But they didn't see it, I
+
+275
+00:20:52,090 --> 00:20:56,290
+think. We cannot combine it. Do you have it? So
+
+276
+00:20:56,290 --> 00:20:58,770
+just we need to explain it and then we can go
+
+277
+00:20:58,770 --> 00:21:01,490
+back. Tiger, tiger, burning bright in the forest
+
+278
+00:21:01,490 --> 00:21:04,050
+of the night. What immortal hand or eye could
+
+279
+00:21:04,050 --> 00:21:06,450
+frame thy fear of proximity? I'm going to read it
+
+280
+00:21:06,450 --> 00:21:09,210
+because I know it by heart. Tiger, tiger, burning
+
+281
+00:21:09,210 --> 00:21:11,650
+bright in the forest of the night. What immortal
+
+282
+00:21:11,650 --> 00:21:14,670
+hand or eye Dare, frame, life, fear, proximity.
+
+283
+00:21:15,170 --> 00:21:20,030
+Okay. So yeah, could with dare. So why is this
+
+284
+00:21:20,030 --> 00:21:25,290
+actually here? Let's say, I mean, he placed dare
+
+285
+00:21:25,290 --> 00:21:29,490
+instead of could in the last stanza. But I think
+
+286
+00:21:29,490 --> 00:21:32,590
+the key word she's looking for is the word frame.
+
+287
+00:21:33,290 --> 00:21:40,260
+Yes. Like shape. Yes, you are right. What else? I
+
+288
+00:21:40,260 --> 00:21:44,180
+think at first he was suspecting the whole
+
+289
+00:21:44,180 --> 00:21:46,720
+creation, whatever it could, but at last when he
+
+290
+00:21:46,720 --> 00:21:49,760
+was explaining the whole nature and the whole
+
+291
+00:21:49,760 --> 00:21:52,840
+symmetry and the whole organization of the nature,
+
+292
+00:21:53,200 --> 00:21:56,720
+he became sure of the creation of the God, like
+
+293
+00:21:56,720 --> 00:22:00,180
+he's saying there, the dreaded cherished class.
+
+294
+00:22:01,460 --> 00:22:04,120
+Okay, thank you. Jess? From the comparison you
+
+295
+00:22:04,120 --> 00:22:06,970
+made between nature and art, because first he
+
+296
+00:22:06,970 --> 00:22:09,170
+started talking about the creation of God and how
+
+297
+00:22:09,170 --> 00:22:11,710
+nature was this and that, and the tiger was this
+
+298
+00:22:11,710 --> 00:22:14,250
+and that, so he said good frame. And then after
+
+299
+00:22:14,250 --> 00:22:17,590
+realizing all this complexity, it shows that like
+
+300
+00:22:17,590 --> 00:22:20,710
+the poet or the writer, like their frame. That's
+
+301
+00:22:20,710 --> 00:22:23,330
+right. Now it becomes more vivid. Since it is
+
+302
+00:22:23,330 --> 00:22:26,930
+done, I mean here, right? Okay. Now here, if you
+
+303
+00:22:26,930 --> 00:22:30,310
+look to the first or at the first stanza, now you
+
+304
+00:22:30,310 --> 00:22:34,130
+have first fearful symmetry.
+
+305
+00:22:37,200 --> 00:22:40,680
+Now Dr Akram first explained it as or I thank you
+
+306
+00:22:40,680 --> 00:22:45,180
+and Dr Akram as what? It is example, right. Now
+
+307
+00:22:45,180 --> 00:22:47,580
+there is a kind of combination back to the sublime
+
+308
+00:22:47,580 --> 00:22:50,420
+and the beautiful again here, right? Now here we
+
+309
+00:22:50,420 --> 00:22:53,620
+have the fearful, it is the sublime and the word
+
+310
+00:22:53,620 --> 00:22:56,400
+symmetry reflects what to you? It reflects beauty
+
+311
+00:22:56,400 --> 00:23:00,700
+and balance, right? Harmony too. So a kind of
+
+312
+00:23:00,700 --> 00:23:03,640
+organization. So two contradictory words together
+
+313
+00:23:03,640 --> 00:23:07,140
+combined here and this line to reflect also the
+
+314
+00:23:07,140 --> 00:23:11,830
+character of the tiger. Okay, and also it reflects
+
+315
+00:23:11,830 --> 00:23:14,410
+something about the character of the creator
+
+316
+00:23:14,410 --> 00:23:19,130
+himself, the creator, right? Okay, now the
+
+317
+00:23:19,130 --> 00:23:23,330
+immortal hand, what is the immortal hand here? The
+
+318
+00:23:23,330 --> 00:23:28,970
+creator, right? Whatever he is, I mean, God,
+
+319
+00:23:29,710 --> 00:23:33,190
+somebody else, I mean, he might be Satan too,
+
+320
+00:23:33,490 --> 00:23:37,490
+right? Or? The nature itself. The poet himself.
+
+321
+00:23:38,090 --> 00:23:41,570
+The poet himself. Because as we said, we consider
+
+322
+00:23:41,570 --> 00:23:44,730
+the poem as a piece of art, right? And nature
+
+323
+00:23:44,730 --> 00:23:48,190
+itself is a piece of art too. Okay. Yeah, but it's
+
+324
+00:23:48,190 --> 00:23:50,990
+very important like, you know, this kind of
+
+325
+00:23:50,990 --> 00:23:56,110
+creation requires two key things. which stands for
+
+326
+00:23:56,110 --> 00:23:59,250
+class mansion. That's right. And it requires an I.
+
+327
+00:23:59,550 --> 00:24:02,590
+An I. Which stands for? Observation. Observation.
+
+328
+00:24:02,730 --> 00:24:05,950
+Right. Imagination. Yeah. So both of them like go
+
+329
+00:24:05,950 --> 00:24:11,170
+together. See what I mean? Yeah. Okay. Burning
+
+330
+00:24:11,170 --> 00:24:18,750
+bright in the first line. For what? Burning
+
+331
+00:24:18,750 --> 00:24:20,430
+bright. And what is that?
+
+332
+00:24:25,790 --> 00:24:33,490
+It is what? Asinogdek, right? What parts of the
+
+333
+00:24:33,490 --> 00:24:38,350
+tiger burning bright? The eyes of the tiger,
+
+334
+00:24:38,490 --> 00:24:42,830
+because it is so fearful, so terrifying. Now, when
+
+335
+00:24:42,830 --> 00:24:46,450
+you look at it, tiger, tiger, burning bright,
+
+336
+00:24:47,290 --> 00:24:50,150
+exactly. And here he reflected, he actually
+
+337
+00:24:50,150 --> 00:24:53,230
+explained the first line with the second line when
+
+338
+00:24:53,230 --> 00:24:56,970
+he said, in the forests of the night, Now, you see
+
+339
+00:24:56,970 --> 00:25:00,710
+the eyes, I mean, more vivid in the night, more
+
+340
+00:25:00,710 --> 00:25:04,270
+than at night, actually during the day or in this
+
+341
+00:25:04,270 --> 00:25:07,630
+sunlight actually, right? Okay. Now, what immortal
+
+342
+00:25:07,630 --> 00:25:09,470
+hand? We mentioned that it is the hand of the
+
+343
+00:25:09,470 --> 00:25:12,370
+Creator and as Dr. Akram said, we need the hand
+
+344
+00:25:12,370 --> 00:25:14,990
+and we need the eye. Craftsman sharp and here the
+
+345
+00:25:14,990 --> 00:25:18,350
+eye for observation of the creation itself. Now,
+
+346
+00:25:18,450 --> 00:25:20,930
+could frame thy fearful symmetry? We explained it.
+
+347
+00:25:21,530 --> 00:25:24,710
+In what distant deeps or skies? Now, here we need
+
+348
+00:25:24,710 --> 00:25:29,500
+to explain the words here. Now, deeps and skies.
+
+349
+00:25:31,080 --> 00:25:33,520
+Paradox. Paradox. Paradox. I mean they are
+
+350
+00:25:33,520 --> 00:25:36,140
+paradox, but they mean what?
+
+351
+00:25:38,800 --> 00:25:43,340
+Supernatural power. Now here it is the creation,
+
+352
+00:25:43,600 --> 00:25:47,820
+right? Where does it take a place? Yes, he's
+
+353
+00:25:47,820 --> 00:25:50,000
+asking about the place. The place here.
+
+354
+00:25:53,370 --> 00:25:56,190
+Exactly, right, very good. So in heaven or in
+
+355
+00:25:56,190 --> 00:26:02,290
+hell. Now here the deeps, it is hell, exactly. And
+
+356
+00:26:02,290 --> 00:26:06,130
+here we have skies, it is heaven. Now actually we
+
+357
+00:26:06,130 --> 00:26:09,870
+don't know who is the one again responsible for
+
+358
+00:26:09,870 --> 00:26:13,670
+that creation. Is it God? Is it Satan? I mean if
+
+359
+00:26:13,670 --> 00:26:17,900
+it is in the hell. So it will be a part of You
+
+360
+00:26:17,900 --> 00:26:22,320
+mean we're not sure about the place itself? We're
+
+361
+00:26:22,320 --> 00:26:25,760
+not sure about the place itself? Yeah, the place
+
+362
+00:26:25,760 --> 00:26:30,780
+and the Creator. So, I mean, here, as I said, so
+
+363
+00:26:30,780 --> 00:26:34,060
+many times, yeah, exactly. I mean, our religion is
+
+364
+00:26:34,060 --> 00:26:37,040
+not like them. They can write about so many things
+
+365
+00:26:37,040 --> 00:26:39,440
+in actually a mysterious way. We don't know what
+
+366
+00:26:39,440 --> 00:26:42,160
+they reflect, what actually do they mean, exactly.
+
+367
+00:26:42,660 --> 00:26:46,700
+So, we are not reflecting our Islam, right? I
+
+368
+00:26:46,700 --> 00:26:52,440
+think, you know, the question what immortal hand
+
+369
+00:26:52,440 --> 00:26:55,760
+or eye, it presupposes, you know, a divine
+
+370
+00:26:55,760 --> 00:26:59,150
+creator. It is a divine, it is a divine, since he
+
+371
+00:26:59,150 --> 00:27:03,110
+mentioned immortal. The word immortal, yeah.
+
+372
+00:27:05,910 --> 00:27:09,110
+Exactly. He's divine. Yeah, he is divine. And this
+
+373
+00:27:09,110 --> 00:27:11,110
+will be actually explained later on. They will
+
+374
+00:27:11,110 --> 00:27:14,130
+know the true, again, character of the creator
+
+375
+00:27:14,130 --> 00:27:17,910
+himself. But I'm in here since he mentioned deeps.
+
+376
+00:27:19,750 --> 00:27:24,910
+So the creator might be, again, or the creation
+
+377
+00:27:24,910 --> 00:27:29,480
+itself might be devil. Right? Since it is created
+
+378
+00:27:29,480 --> 00:27:35,660
+in the hell. In the hell. Okay. Now, burn the fire
+
+379
+00:27:35,660 --> 00:27:41,520
+of thine eyes. I think it is known. But here the
+
+380
+00:27:41,520 --> 00:27:46,980
+word fire is so important. Because actually we
+
+381
+00:27:46,980 --> 00:27:49,440
+will talk about it later on in the other
+
+382
+00:27:49,440 --> 00:27:52,700
+sentences. Just keep it in your mind. Right? Okay.
+
+383
+00:27:53,650 --> 00:27:56,650
+And we go back to Genesis, you know, like the
+
+384
+00:27:56,650 --> 00:27:59,350
+story of creation, like because, you know, the
+
+385
+00:27:59,350 --> 00:28:02,930
+Satan was made of fire. Yeah, the Satan. I will
+
+386
+00:28:02,930 --> 00:28:05,450
+ask them actually later on which creature is made
+
+387
+00:28:05,450 --> 00:28:09,990
+of fire. So you proceeded. Yeah, anyway. Okay.
+
+388
+00:28:10,190 --> 00:28:14,730
+This is the beauty of co-teaching. Okay. On what
+
+389
+00:28:14,730 --> 00:28:20,130
+wings dare he aspire? Now here wings indicate
+
+390
+00:28:20,130 --> 00:28:24,920
+what? Angels, exactly. Now, actually who have
+
+391
+00:28:24,920 --> 00:28:30,120
+wings? Angels, okay. There he aspire, again the
+
+392
+00:28:30,120 --> 00:28:33,680
+word aspiration is totally romantic. Inspiration
+
+393
+00:28:33,680 --> 00:28:37,340
+and aspiration. So what the hand there sees, the
+
+394
+00:28:37,340 --> 00:28:43,620
+fire. Also we have here Again, the fire. Now who's
+
+395
+00:28:43,620 --> 00:28:48,040
+going to be able to seize that fire? It should be
+
+396
+00:28:48,040 --> 00:28:52,300
+a great creature, actually a creator, a great
+
+397
+00:28:52,300 --> 00:28:56,120
+creator. And what shoulder and what art? Now here
+
+398
+00:28:56,120 --> 00:28:59,720
+we have the word shoulder. It reflects what here?
+
+399
+00:29:02,960 --> 00:29:05,840
+And again we have the word art, once again.
+
+400
+00:29:06,300 --> 00:29:06,880
+Exactly.
+
+401
+00:29:10,530 --> 00:29:13,930
+First and here we have the art and we have the
+
+402
+00:29:13,930 --> 00:29:16,470
+shoulder. Why is it shoulder?
+
+403
+00:29:19,630 --> 00:29:20,650
+It reflects what?
+
+404
+00:29:23,810 --> 00:29:32,410
+It is physical power and actually it indicates a
+
+405
+00:29:32,410 --> 00:29:36,500
+kind of responsibility. When we mention the part
+
+406
+00:29:36,500 --> 00:29:38,800
+of the shoulder, I mean part of the body, the
+
+407
+00:29:38,800 --> 00:29:41,160
+shoulder itself, it indicates a kind of what?
+
+408
+00:29:41,320 --> 00:29:43,780
+Responsibility. The responsibility of whom towards
+
+409
+00:29:43,780 --> 00:29:50,520
+whom? The creator towards his creation, right? So
+
+410
+00:29:50,520 --> 00:29:53,140
+here we have also a kind of relationship between
+
+411
+00:29:53,140 --> 00:29:56,100
+the creator and the creation. Sometimes like the
+
+412
+00:29:56,100 --> 00:29:59,160
+word shoulder collocates with responsibility.
+
+413
+00:29:59,480 --> 00:30:02,600
+Yeah. Like the shoulder, we claim responsibility.
+
+414
+00:30:05,180 --> 00:30:09,410
+Language Exactly Now could it was the sinews of
+
+415
+00:30:09,410 --> 00:30:13,710
+thy heart? Now we are introduced first to the
+
+416
+00:30:13,710 --> 00:30:17,270
+physical appearance of the tiger, right? Now here
+
+417
+00:30:17,270 --> 00:30:20,110
+heart, it might be considered as a part of the
+
+418
+00:30:20,110 --> 00:30:24,410
+physical body of the tiger, but it also indicates
+
+419
+00:30:24,410 --> 00:30:27,370
+something else. I mean the emotional side of that
+
+420
+00:30:27,370 --> 00:30:30,190
+creature, right? It is the heart. It is the place
+
+421
+00:30:30,190 --> 00:30:32,950
+of all our feelings, right? So here we are
+
+422
+00:30:32,950 --> 00:30:34,730
+introduced to the physical part then.
+
+423
+00:30:37,580 --> 00:30:40,240
+Why? What does he mean by this?
+
+424
+00:30:43,540 --> 00:30:48,180
+Try to think. Okay, they complement each other.
+
+425
+00:30:48,260 --> 00:30:48,760
+What else?
+
+426
+00:30:52,780 --> 00:30:56,040
+The heart, the feelings, the emotion which is
+
+427
+00:30:56,040 --> 00:31:00,830
+needed for the creation itself. A creation does
+
+428
+00:31:00,830 --> 00:31:05,250
+not grow without emotions, passion. Exactly. And
+
+429
+00:31:05,250 --> 00:31:08,690
+also it reflects a kind of what? Moral obligation.
+
+430
+00:31:09,650 --> 00:31:14,090
+Now here, the creature is created not just only to
+
+431
+00:31:14,090 --> 00:31:16,910
+live physically in this world, right? But he
+
+432
+00:31:16,910 --> 00:31:19,290
+should carry a kind of moral responsibility.
+
+433
+00:31:19,990 --> 00:31:23,750
+Exactly. Now we are not created like this, I mean
+
+434
+00:31:23,750 --> 00:31:27,750
+in vain or for no purpose, right? But here again,
+
+435
+00:31:28,070 --> 00:31:30,770
+we have the heart to carry the feelings, to carry
+
+436
+00:31:30,770 --> 00:31:33,670
+the morality, right? And we have the physical
+
+437
+00:31:33,670 --> 00:31:37,010
+appearance. And all of them, I mean, are created
+
+438
+00:31:37,010 --> 00:31:41,970
+in kind of symmetry. Because again, they reflect
+
+439
+00:31:41,970 --> 00:31:46,250
+the creator himself. Got it? And this is for a
+
+440
+00:31:46,250 --> 00:31:49,990
+Muslim, like we say, subhanallah, oh subhanallah.
+
+441
+00:31:50,450 --> 00:31:53,490
+Why? Because we are created balanced. Exactly,
+
+442
+00:31:53,770 --> 00:31:56,110
+yeah, in symmetry. In a symmetry, you know.
+
+443
+00:31:56,250 --> 00:31:58,910
+Whatever shape we are, I mean whatever appearance
+
+444
+00:31:58,910 --> 00:32:03,010
+we look like, but again, it is symmetry. Got it?
+
+445
+00:32:03,230 --> 00:32:07,970
+Okay, two points here. Again, the sinews of thy
+
+446
+00:32:07,970 --> 00:32:10,230
+heart, it twists the sinews of thy heart, it
+
+447
+00:32:10,230 --> 00:32:13,250
+reflects also something majestic about the
+
+448
+00:32:13,250 --> 00:32:17,950
+Creator, that He has that power to twist, to
+
+449
+00:32:17,950 --> 00:32:21,770
+create, to shape that I mean creature in that way.
+
+450
+00:32:22,450 --> 00:32:28,110
+Fine? And when thy heart began to beat, again thy
+
+451
+00:32:29,990 --> 00:32:33,230
+It refers to the tiger, right? Now, when the heart
+
+452
+00:32:33,230 --> 00:32:38,330
+of the tiger began to beat, I mean when it starts
+
+453
+00:32:38,330 --> 00:32:44,350
+life, what is red hand and what is red feet?
+
+454
+00:32:47,850 --> 00:32:53,130
+Hand and feet for whom? To create. You need to
+
+455
+00:32:53,130 --> 00:32:53,610
+explain.
+
+456
+00:32:56,410 --> 00:32:58,070
+For red hand or what?
+
+457
+00:33:00,960 --> 00:33:05,800
+Yeah, and why? If you need to consider it as the
+
+458
+00:33:05,800 --> 00:33:07,180
+creator's hand and feet.
+
+459
+00:33:13,700 --> 00:33:17,940
+Now I mean the creation is done, it is finished,
+
+460
+00:33:18,120 --> 00:33:21,420
+right? And here he mentioned that line, what is
+
+461
+00:33:21,420 --> 00:33:25,330
+red hand and what is red feet. And then he
+
+462
+00:33:25,330 --> 00:33:28,290
+continued. And you can just also continue reading
+
+463
+00:33:28,290 --> 00:33:30,690
+the third stanza if you need something. What
+
+464
+00:33:30,690 --> 00:33:33,430
+horrifying creature you are in a similar world.
+
+465
+00:33:33,690 --> 00:33:33,790
+Yeah.
+
+466
+00:33:38,670 --> 00:33:44,890
+Whose hands he's talking about? Creation. Okay.
+
+467
+00:33:45,570 --> 00:33:49,850
+Creation itself. The power of the creator itself.
+
+468
+00:33:50,330 --> 00:33:52,370
+Okay. What else?
+
+469
+00:33:55,540 --> 00:33:59,520
+Give me evidence, more evidence. Yes?
+
+470
+00:34:05,580 --> 00:34:09,980
+I don't know,
+
+471
+00:34:10,060 --> 00:34:15,300
+I see irony. For what? The hammer and the chain.
+
+472
+00:34:17,210 --> 00:34:22,570
+Now she's asking about... Yeah, okay, anyways. Now
+
+473
+00:34:22,570 --> 00:34:25,070
+if you go back again or you go to the, what the
+
+474
+00:34:25,070 --> 00:34:28,170
+hammer, what the chain, in what furnace was thy
+
+475
+00:34:28,170 --> 00:34:32,050
+brain, what the anvil, that or what it read brass,
+
+476
+00:34:32,270 --> 00:34:34,730
+there it's deadly terrors class.
+
+477
+00:34:38,210 --> 00:34:40,970
+So here, like he's questioning about, as you
+
+478
+00:34:40,970 --> 00:34:45,310
+mentioned, the tools, okay? And when you're
+
+479
+00:34:45,310 --> 00:34:47,230
+questioning about the tools, the assumption that
+
+480
+00:34:47,230 --> 00:34:50,610
+these tools are not any tools, what they hammer,
+
+481
+00:34:51,330 --> 00:34:54,750
+is it like an ordinary hammer? You know, is it
+
+482
+00:34:54,750 --> 00:34:57,970
+like? This is what I see. I said irony because I
+
+483
+00:34:57,970 --> 00:34:59,790
+don't think this is what he actually used. He's
+
+484
+00:34:59,790 --> 00:35:02,130
+just saying like what the hammer, what the chain,
+
+485
+00:35:02,210 --> 00:35:05,210
+like it's not really something that anybody can
+
+486
+00:35:05,210 --> 00:35:13,250
+use. Okay. So again, Who used the hammer, the
+
+487
+00:35:13,250 --> 00:35:23,990
+chain, the furnace? In our actual life. The
+
+488
+00:35:23,990 --> 00:35:27,650
+blacksmith.
+
+489
+00:35:28,090 --> 00:35:32,550
+Exactly, the blacksmith. Now here again, we have
+
+490
+00:35:32,550 --> 00:35:37,090
+also two ideas. This is the most disturbing stanza
+
+491
+00:35:37,090 --> 00:35:44,490
+for me because it makes modern critics interpret
+
+492
+00:35:44,490 --> 00:35:47,010
+this like this is the Industrial Revolution. Yeah,
+
+493
+00:35:47,330 --> 00:35:49,930
+exactly. I'm going to tell you another secret
+
+494
+00:35:49,930 --> 00:35:54,330
+after she finishes explaining it. Okay, so here
+
+495
+00:35:54,330 --> 00:35:57,870
+again we have the Smithy, I mean as a career or
+
+496
+00:35:57,870 --> 00:36:03,730
+something with the art of creation in the poem.
+
+497
+00:36:04,490 --> 00:36:08,270
+Now, as if God is a blacksmith who's going to
+
+498
+00:36:08,270 --> 00:36:11,450
+create something. Now, he is creating what here?
+
+499
+00:36:11,570 --> 00:36:15,170
+The tiger. And he is using the same tools of the
+
+500
+00:36:15,170 --> 00:36:17,830
+blacksmith. I mean, the hammer, the chain, and the
+
+501
+00:36:17,830 --> 00:36:18,670
+furnace, right?
+
+502
+00:36:23,730 --> 00:36:27,510
+Exactly, but here we can consider them as physical
+
+503
+00:36:27,510 --> 00:36:30,570
+things, right? That you can use or you can see in
+
+504
+00:36:30,570 --> 00:36:34,800
+our ordinary life, right? Okay, anyways. Yeah, it
+
+505
+00:36:34,800 --> 00:36:36,900
+has to do with the craftsmanship, whatever
+
+506
+00:36:36,900 --> 00:36:41,100
+craftsmanship is. It's a metonymy of
+
+507
+00:36:41,100 --> 00:36:49,360
+craftsmanship. Okay, so here, now we have brain
+
+508
+00:36:49,360 --> 00:36:55,960
+and we have heart. So I mean, it is a complete
+
+509
+00:36:55,960 --> 00:36:58,860
+creature. Yeah, complete creature. I mean, just to
+
+510
+00:36:58,860 --> 00:37:01,900
+complete the image of that creature. Okay, what
+
+511
+00:37:01,900 --> 00:37:04,950
+the anvil? What it read? I mean here, what does it
+
+512
+00:37:04,950 --> 00:37:09,950
+mean? Yeah, and we can just make it equivalent of
+
+513
+00:37:09,950 --> 00:37:10,850
+what here?
+
+514
+00:37:14,650 --> 00:37:19,110
+Where you can lean
+
+515
+00:37:19,110 --> 00:37:24,670
+when you're like an ironsmith once like to mold
+
+516
+00:37:24,670 --> 00:37:28,210
+something, he needs this, you know?
+
+517
+00:37:41,310 --> 00:37:45,190
+It goes with what? Symmetry, because it needs a
+
+518
+00:37:45,190 --> 00:37:49,080
+specific shape. Got it? Yes. So here again, the
+
+519
+00:37:49,080 --> 00:37:52,500
+anvil as well, the symmetry, and the first stanza,
+
+520
+00:37:52,960 --> 00:37:56,920
+because they need actually a very specific shape.
+
+521
+00:37:57,960 --> 00:38:01,600
+So let's continue. Here, the terrors, the clasp,
+
+522
+00:38:01,780 --> 00:38:05,020
+the grasp also, it is horror, and actually
+
+523
+00:38:05,020 --> 00:38:06,640
+terrifying image.
+
+524
+00:38:09,320 --> 00:38:12,580
+So... Yeah, just like horror, you don't just want
+
+525
+00:38:12,580 --> 00:38:19,010
+to go up. Yes. So when the stars threw down their
+
+526
+00:38:19,010 --> 00:38:23,070
+spurs and watered heaven with their tears, did he
+
+527
+00:38:23,070 --> 00:38:26,690
+smile his work to see? Did he who made the lamb
+
+528
+00:38:26,690 --> 00:38:33,210
+make thee? Now here we have stars. Where do you
+
+529
+00:38:33,210 --> 00:38:38,100
+find stars? Skies. Skies. Heaven. Okay. Now
+
+530
+00:38:38,100 --> 00:38:42,060
+there's peers and watered heaven with their tears.
+
+531
+00:38:42,260 --> 00:38:44,720
+Now they watered, they are crying now. They are
+
+532
+00:38:44,720 --> 00:38:52,420
+weeping. Right? Why? Why are they crying? It is
+
+533
+00:38:52,420 --> 00:38:59,440
+easy. It's raining. It's raining? Okay, what else?
+
+534
+00:39:02,640 --> 00:39:06,240
+But did we get actually the rain from the stars?
+
+535
+00:39:06,520 --> 00:39:11,580
+They are
+
+536
+00:39:11,580 --> 00:39:13,660
+crying? Why?
+
+537
+00:39:17,040 --> 00:39:22,100
+Because what? They are afraid from the shape of
+
+538
+00:39:22,100 --> 00:39:25,000
+the tiger. This is my explanation. I don't know.
+
+539
+00:39:26,080 --> 00:39:28,840
+So they are afraid. Now the tiger is finished. I
+
+540
+00:39:28,840 --> 00:39:31,800
+mean the creation of the tiger is done, right? Now
+
+541
+00:39:31,800 --> 00:39:34,920
+after this, let's say divine, we can consider it
+
+542
+00:39:34,920 --> 00:39:38,100
+as a divine creation since it is done by a divine
+
+543
+00:39:38,100 --> 00:39:41,180
+creator, right? Now what happened, the result is
+
+544
+00:39:41,180 --> 00:39:43,860
+that the stars are weeping, they are crying from
+
+545
+00:39:43,860 --> 00:39:48,380
+horror and fear. Again, from the shape of the
+
+546
+00:39:48,380 --> 00:39:51,800
+tiger. Okay. And watered heaven with their tears.
+
+547
+00:39:52,140 --> 00:39:56,240
+Did he smile his work to see? Now after he's done
+
+548
+00:39:56,240 --> 00:40:00,080
+from that creation, is he happy with that? I mean,
+
+549
+00:40:00,120 --> 00:40:04,100
+he's asking. Now the stars themselves are crying.
+
+550
+00:40:04,320 --> 00:40:07,260
+They are weeping. And the creator is, I mean, he's
+
+551
+00:40:07,260 --> 00:40:09,640
+asking, is he smiling? Is he happy with that
+
+552
+00:40:09,640 --> 00:40:13,880
+creation? So did he who made the lamb make thee? I
+
+553
+00:40:13,880 --> 00:40:17,770
+mean, he cannot. Again, absorb the idea that the
+
+554
+00:40:17,770 --> 00:40:21,410
+lamb is created by the same God of the tiger. Got
+
+555
+00:40:21,410 --> 00:40:25,990
+it? So again, we have the lamb, we have the
+
+556
+00:40:25,990 --> 00:40:28,890
+beautiful side of nature, and we have also the
+
+557
+00:40:28,890 --> 00:40:32,490
+tiger, which is considered as the supplying part,
+
+558
+00:40:32,610 --> 00:40:34,950
+I mean the terrifying part. The story sounds like
+
+559
+00:40:34,950 --> 00:40:37,170
+other poets, like if you have poetry like this,
+
+560
+00:40:37,250 --> 00:40:39,380
+like the lamb, Yeah. Something reflecting the
+
+561
+00:40:39,380 --> 00:40:41,380
+lamb, something reflecting the tiger and the other
+
+562
+00:40:41,380 --> 00:40:44,640
+poets are really marvelous. Yeah, exactly. Okay.
+
+563
+00:40:45,140 --> 00:40:47,880
+Now, tiger, tiger, burning pride, again this is
+
+564
+00:40:47,880 --> 00:40:50,280
+what Arefrain, as you know, since he is repeating
+
+565
+00:40:50,280 --> 00:40:52,260
+the same lines he mentioned at the beginning of
+
+566
+00:40:52,260 --> 00:40:54,640
+the poem. And the forests of the night, the same
+
+567
+00:40:54,640 --> 00:40:57,380
+lines, the same, I mean just only one word. There.
+
+568
+00:40:57,780 --> 00:41:01,180
+Change. It is there. Now in the first stanza you
+
+569
+00:41:01,180 --> 00:41:04,480
+have could and you have here dare. Now dare
+
+570
+00:41:04,480 --> 00:41:07,500
+carries what? A kind of what? Aspiration also.
+
+571
+00:41:08,340 --> 00:41:13,220
+Aspiration for what? More creation. Got it? Now
+
+572
+00:41:13,220 --> 00:41:20,960
+first he could. Could reflects what? Ability. Now
+
+573
+00:41:20,960 --> 00:41:26,800
+is he able to do that? Now he is done. Dare he, I
+
+574
+00:41:26,800 --> 00:41:29,800
+mean dare frame thy fearful symmetry, I mean that
+
+575
+00:41:29,800 --> 00:41:32,460
+immortal hand or eye, I mean God himself, the
+
+576
+00:41:32,460 --> 00:41:37,060
+divine power. Dare to create more, like this
+
+577
+00:41:37,060 --> 00:41:40,720
+shape, like this creator, actually creation or a
+
+578
+00:41:40,720 --> 00:41:43,460
+creature, got it? So I mean this is the whole
+
+579
+00:41:43,460 --> 00:41:47,420
+meaning of the poem. Yeah, the assumption is like
+
+580
+00:41:47,420 --> 00:41:50,920
+dare, the creation requires more than ability,
+
+581
+00:41:51,300 --> 00:41:52,380
+requires more than
+
+582
+00:41:57,210 --> 00:42:04,590
+passion emotion Indeed like Okay, I'm done. I
+
+583
+00:42:04,590 --> 00:42:09,790
+think it is the time is over almost so Yeah, okay,
+
+584
+00:42:09,790 --> 00:42:15,900
+so thanks a lot for your participation Thank you
+
+585
+00:42:15,900 --> 00:42:19,580
+Ms. Ahlam very much for this insightful
+
+586
+00:42:19,580 --> 00:42:23,880
+interpretation. In fact, you know, I like her
+
+587
+00:42:23,880 --> 00:42:27,140
+interpretation, but it reminded me something like
+
+588
+00:42:27,140 --> 00:42:32,620
+perhaps 11 years ago when Ms. Ahlam was my
+
+589
+00:42:32,620 --> 00:42:32,960
+student.
+
+590
+00:42:35,790 --> 00:42:40,930
+During that time, I never revealed what the tiger
+
+591
+00:42:40,930 --> 00:42:45,950
+was about. She was the only student who told me,
+
+592
+00:42:46,470 --> 00:42:50,790
+who gave, who read my mind. And she told me that
+
+593
+00:42:50,790 --> 00:42:53,830
+the, you know, you remember that, that the tiger
+
+594
+00:42:53,830 --> 00:42:57,730
+is about the poetic imagination. It's about, you
+
+595
+00:42:57,730 --> 00:43:00,130
+know, the creation itself of the, you know, the
+
+596
+00:43:00,130 --> 00:43:03,390
+poetic, the romantic imagination. She was the only
+
+597
+00:43:03,390 --> 00:43:06,890
+one. And this is, you know, part of the, you know,
+
+598
+00:43:06,950 --> 00:43:09,600
+interpretation because next time we are going, to
+
+599
+00:43:09,600 --> 00:43:12,480
+explore the poem further to see the many
+
+600
+00:43:12,480 --> 00:43:17,020
+interpretations of the tiger. Because honestly,
+
+601
+00:43:17,240 --> 00:43:22,580
+I'm disturbed with many critics who narrow the
+
+602
+00:43:22,580 --> 00:43:26,600
+interpretation of the poem, referring to it as the
+
+603
+00:43:26,600 --> 00:43:29,860
+tiger represented the Industrial Revolution. Now,
+
+604
+00:43:29,980 --> 00:43:32,080
+I think the tiger represented more than the
+
+605
+00:43:32,080 --> 00:43:35,220
+Industrial Revolution. As you see, the tiger has
+
+606
+00:43:35,220 --> 00:43:38,080
+the good side and the bad side. The tiger is
+
+607
+00:43:38,080 --> 00:43:41,800
+sublime. The tiger is beautiful. So we have to
+
+608
+00:43:41,800 --> 00:43:48,440
+look for things that are assuming the duality of
+
+609
+00:43:48,440 --> 00:43:52,760
+the tiger. And then if we can reach this, it would
+
+610
+00:43:52,760 --> 00:43:56,460
+be nice. Again, as is the case in the saccharose,
+
+611
+00:43:56,560 --> 00:43:59,920
+we have to consider the oxymoron and the paradoxes
+
+612
+00:43:59,920 --> 00:44:02,800
+here as well. So next time, we're going to dive
+
+613
+00:44:02,800 --> 00:44:07,220
+deeper, and I think we will be having a better
+
+614
+00:44:07,220 --> 00:44:11,460
+idea and image of Blake. Thank you very much for
+
+615
+00:44:11,460 --> 00:44:12,860
+listening, and see you next time.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/t0Y9VPPX4aw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1598 @@
+
+1
+00:00:13,380 --> 00:00:18,280
+Let's start. How are you today? Good. How was the
+
+2
+00:00:18,280 --> 00:00:23,080
+weekend? Seems like you feel sorry you are coming
+
+3
+00:00:23,080 --> 00:00:29,120
+on Saturday. Did you enjoy your weekend? No? Why?
+
+4
+00:00:34,860 --> 00:00:35,420
+Wow,
+
+5
+00:00:38,040 --> 00:00:41,540
+wow, you are busy. Okay, it's a month and
+
+6
+00:00:41,540 --> 00:00:45,780
+everything will be over, I think. And it's the
+
+7
+00:00:45,780 --> 00:00:49,680
+time like, I mean, this pressure is good. Students
+
+8
+00:00:49,680 --> 00:00:55,280
+always like suffer from this stress, but if they
+
+9
+00:00:55,280 --> 00:00:58,480
+manage their time, I think they will survive.
+
+10
+00:00:59,430 --> 00:01:02,690
+Good. As you see today, we're going to continue
+
+11
+00:01:02,690 --> 00:01:06,670
+the daffodils. Last time, Ola gave a wonderful
+
+12
+00:01:06,670 --> 00:01:11,630
+presentation. Today, we want to bridge the gaps,
+
+13
+00:01:11,750 --> 00:01:17,850
+to fill in some gaps. After that, I'm going to
+
+14
+00:01:17,850 --> 00:01:27,970
+show you a sample of a model answer to the exam
+
+15
+00:01:27,970 --> 00:01:31,110
+question, how you should deal with the exam
+
+16
+00:01:31,110 --> 00:01:37,270
+question because most of you didn't do well in
+
+17
+00:01:37,270 --> 00:01:40,110
+that question. You kept talking about the poem.
+
+18
+00:01:40,930 --> 00:01:43,530
+You kept talking about the figures of speech
+
+19
+00:01:43,530 --> 00:01:47,250
+without having a rational, without having a good
+
+20
+00:01:47,250 --> 00:01:50,950
+introduction. So I'm showing you a model which is
+
+21
+00:01:50,950 --> 00:01:55,030
+like a modest model, and I hope it will be useful
+
+22
+00:01:55,030 --> 00:02:01,070
+to you. Okay? But before we start, I need somebody
+
+23
+00:02:01,070 --> 00:02:05,850
+to come and report. Yes? Yes.
+
+24
+00:02:15,190 --> 00:02:16,150
+Just come here.
+
+25
+00:02:20,240 --> 00:02:22,840
+Honestly, I didn't know what to say according to
+
+26
+00:02:22,840 --> 00:02:25,820
+last lecture. I enjoyed the first part of the
+
+27
+00:02:25,820 --> 00:02:28,920
+Wednesday lecture in which Dr. Akram listened to a
+
+28
+00:02:28,920 --> 00:02:36,210
+couple of reports, as usual, and to a response of
+
+29
+00:02:36,210 --> 00:02:40,750
+William's Wordsworth poem. However, I became
+
+30
+00:02:40,750 --> 00:02:43,810
+confused in the second part since the student did
+
+31
+00:02:43,810 --> 00:02:46,570
+a presentation, which is a wonderful presentation
+
+32
+00:02:46,570 --> 00:02:51,070
+for the poem. And I'm afraid to say that the
+
+33
+00:02:51,070 --> 00:02:56,530
+student missed the map of her flash, on her flash,
+
+34
+00:02:57,030 --> 00:03:01,440
+and became some bits... Irritable. Yes. Yes.
+
+35
+00:03:01,900 --> 00:03:04,320
+Confused. I hope that- Why are you shivering? You
+
+36
+00:03:04,320 --> 00:03:08,480
+have a nice report. I hope that on Saturday, Dr.
+
+37
+00:03:08,560 --> 00:03:10,900
+Akram will explain the problem in more details.
+
+38
+00:03:11,340 --> 00:03:12,900
+Okay, thank you. And this is what we are doing
+
+39
+00:03:12,900 --> 00:03:14,540
+today. Good.
+
+40
+00:03:17,560 --> 00:03:21,560
+Yes. No, yes. Yes, you. Yes.
+
+41
+00:03:28,940 --> 00:03:31,920
+What's your name? I forgot. The report is short.
+
+42
+00:03:32,220 --> 00:03:34,940
+It's no problem. It's laconic, yeah? Yeah. Good
+
+43
+00:03:34,940 --> 00:03:39,180
+morning. Last lecture I did not attend because in
+
+44
+00:03:39,180 --> 00:03:42,080
+the same time I had a Quran test. Some girls told
+
+45
+00:03:42,080 --> 00:03:44,960
+me that a girl explained the daffodil with a
+
+46
+00:03:44,960 --> 00:03:48,320
+presentation. Actually I was surprised because Dr.
+
+47
+00:03:48,380 --> 00:03:53,360
+Akram did not ask us to make any presentation. I
+
+48
+00:03:53,360 --> 00:03:56,760
+really missed my poetry class. I hope never miss
+
+49
+00:03:56,760 --> 00:04:00,060
+it again in my life because it's very fun and I
+
+50
+00:04:00,060 --> 00:04:03,400
+really love it. Okay, thank you very much. Yeah,
+
+51
+00:04:03,460 --> 00:04:07,900
+in fact, it's difficult like in this class to give
+
+52
+00:04:07,900 --> 00:04:12,120
+a presentation, but if you volunteer, you know, I
+
+53
+00:04:12,120 --> 00:04:15,860
+don't mind, as we said, you see the topic is
+
+54
+00:04:15,860 --> 00:04:21,700
+little bit, you know, and In other courses, I'm
+
+55
+00:04:21,700 --> 00:04:24,700
+usually giving presentation mainly in Literacy
+
+56
+00:04:24,700 --> 00:04:31,120
+System 2 and American Lit. Here, we're satisfied
+
+57
+00:04:31,120 --> 00:04:34,720
+with your reports, response, because here when you
+
+58
+00:04:34,720 --> 00:04:37,360
+are reporting, you're presenting your ideas, in
+
+59
+00:04:37,360 --> 00:04:40,960
+fact. Anyway, today, as I said, we're going to
+
+60
+00:04:40,960 --> 00:04:42,120
+continue the daffodils.
+
+61
+00:04:45,980 --> 00:04:48,140
+It was interesting, like this is general
+
+62
+00:04:48,140 --> 00:04:51,220
+information, biography about it. You are familiar
+
+63
+00:04:51,220 --> 00:04:57,220
+with this. Aula did it very well last time. And
+
+64
+00:04:57,220 --> 00:05:01,980
+this is like the beginning of the poem. I like
+
+65
+00:05:01,980 --> 00:05:06,550
+this cloud, you see? But as you see, the cloud
+
+66
+00:05:06,550 --> 00:05:11,530
+here has this contradictory aspect as it is in the
+
+67
+00:05:11,530 --> 00:05:15,410
+poem. Because last time, some of you said that the
+
+68
+00:05:15,410 --> 00:05:20,030
+cloud was negative. Others said it was positive.
+
+69
+00:05:21,070 --> 00:05:26,010
+It was positive because of the potential rain. It
+
+70
+00:05:26,010 --> 00:05:29,390
+was negative because it was lonely, floating
+
+71
+00:05:29,390 --> 00:05:34,320
+without a sense of direction. But can we apply
+
+72
+00:05:34,320 --> 00:05:38,220
+this to the poet? In what sense is it positive
+
+73
+00:05:38,220 --> 00:05:39,840
+when it is related to the poet?
+
+74
+00:05:42,840 --> 00:05:48,180
+Okay. Yes, very good. Because the poet is
+
+75
+00:05:48,180 --> 00:05:54,720
+creative. The poet is imaginative. So yes, the
+
+76
+00:05:54,720 --> 00:05:59,790
+poet has the potential of creating because he is
+
+77
+00:05:59,790 --> 00:06:03,830
+imaginative. So he's like a cloud which is
+
+78
+00:06:03,830 --> 00:06:08,410
+pregnant, which is, you know, full of hope and
+
+79
+00:06:08,410 --> 00:06:10,730
+potentialities. Good.
+
+80
+00:06:13,850 --> 00:06:17,690
+You know, that floats on highs over vales and
+
+81
+00:06:17,690 --> 00:06:22,130
+hills. So here he compared or he compares himself
+
+82
+00:06:22,130 --> 00:06:27,370
+to the cloud, which goes without a purpose. So
+
+83
+00:06:27,370 --> 00:06:30,450
+here, as we said at the beginning of the poem, we
+
+84
+00:06:30,450 --> 00:06:33,770
+have a sense of loneliness.
+
+85
+00:06:34,690 --> 00:06:37,190
+And loneliness, it is a negative feeling, you
+
+86
+00:06:37,190 --> 00:06:42,030
+know? A sense of dislocation. He feels that he
+
+87
+00:06:42,030 --> 00:06:47,930
+belongs to nowhere. He's floating, lonely. Lack of
+
+88
+00:06:47,930 --> 00:06:52,260
+orientation. No purpose, he's wandering. Look at
+
+89
+00:06:52,260 --> 00:06:55,580
+the, you know, wander. To wander, like just to
+
+90
+00:06:55,580 --> 00:07:01,340
+roam, to go to and fro without any purpose. So
+
+91
+00:07:01,340 --> 00:07:06,700
+here, wandering, lonely, you know, and floating.
+
+92
+00:07:07,120 --> 00:07:08,680
+All these are negatives.
+
+93
+00:07:13,980 --> 00:07:21,820
+When all at once I saw a crowd, A host of golden
+
+94
+00:07:21,820 --> 00:07:24,820
+daffodils. So this is what interrupted his
+
+95
+00:07:24,820 --> 00:07:31,600
+wandering. He saw a crowd. Like, if you look at
+
+96
+00:07:31,600 --> 00:07:36,900
+the crowd, it contradicts with, you know, man
+
+97
+00:07:36,900 --> 00:07:42,640
+being alone. Crowd, group. See? Crowd, like you
+
+98
+00:07:42,640 --> 00:07:47,460
+have a sense of group. And this shows how nature,
+
+99
+00:07:47,560 --> 00:07:49,300
+if you remember when Ms. Ahlam talked about
+
+100
+00:07:49,300 --> 00:07:53,880
+nature, like nature was, you know, a teacher, was
+
+101
+00:07:53,880 --> 00:07:57,580
+a nurse, was a mother, you know, here nature is
+
+102
+00:07:57,580 --> 00:08:01,660
+seen as a source of security. If you're looking at
+
+103
+00:08:01,660 --> 00:08:04,860
+the daffodils, the daffodils here represent
+
+104
+00:08:04,860 --> 00:08:08,720
+nature. And nature here gives this sense of
+
+105
+00:08:08,720 --> 00:08:13,300
+security. Why? Because it is crowded. And then a
+
+106
+00:08:13,300 --> 00:08:18,780
+host of golden daffodils. Look here. In fact, here
+
+107
+00:08:18,780 --> 00:08:20,940
+we are talking about primary imagination. Because
+
+108
+00:08:20,940 --> 00:08:27,520
+at this stage, the poet only sees the daffodils.
+
+109
+00:08:28,510 --> 00:08:32,410
+But look here, even though it is primary
+
+110
+00:08:32,410 --> 00:08:36,950
+imagination, which is common among people, yet the
+
+111
+00:08:36,950 --> 00:08:41,710
+poet magnifies. The primary imagination magnifies
+
+112
+00:08:41,710 --> 00:08:44,950
+the image. So they are a crowd, and they are a
+
+113
+00:08:44,950 --> 00:08:48,610
+host of golden daffodils. What do you think of the
+
+114
+00:08:48,610 --> 00:08:50,850
+host? Does it have a positive or negative
+
+115
+00:08:50,850 --> 00:08:51,650
+connotation?
+
+116
+00:08:54,450 --> 00:08:58,230
+Host. Positive. What does the host stand for?
+
+117
+00:08:59,850 --> 00:09:00,290
+Unity?
+
+118
+00:09:04,090 --> 00:09:11,760
+Host. And hostess? Generosity? Hospitality, like a
+
+119
+00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:14,720
+host, when you are hosting somebody, so you expect
+
+120
+00:09:14,720 --> 00:09:18,860
+to be kind, you're expected to be hospitable, you
+
+121
+00:09:18,860 --> 00:09:21,540
+see, when you're inviting some people, you see,
+
+122
+00:09:22,020 --> 00:09:25,620
+you are hospitable, you are generous, you are very
+
+123
+00:09:25,620 --> 00:09:29,080
+kind, you want to offer all what you have. So I
+
+124
+00:09:29,080 --> 00:09:33,300
+think, yes, a host, and then golden daffodils.
+
+125
+00:09:33,380 --> 00:09:35,940
+Look here, how the perception of the daffodil
+
+126
+00:09:35,940 --> 00:09:41,520
+develops emotionally. So the poet, as you see, is
+
+127
+00:09:41,520 --> 00:09:42,900
+invoked emotionally.
+
+128
+00:09:46,500 --> 00:09:48,900
+This is an example of a daffodil. Look, it is
+
+129
+00:09:48,900 --> 00:09:56,820
+golden. Nobody is observing the color. They are
+
+130
+00:09:56,820 --> 00:10:03,780
+painted. Beside the lake, beneath the trees. As
+
+131
+00:10:03,780 --> 00:10:08,010
+you see, they are everywhere, okay? You'll see
+
+132
+00:10:08,010 --> 00:10:13,090
+them beside the lake, beneath the breeze. They are
+
+133
+00:10:13,090 --> 00:10:18,290
+everywhere. And we said in other classes that in
+
+134
+00:10:18,290 --> 00:10:24,730
+this poem, Wordsworth is celebrating himself and
+
+135
+00:10:24,730 --> 00:10:28,150
+he's celebrating nature. He's celebrating himself
+
+136
+00:10:28,150 --> 00:10:34,070
+for being creative, for being a man of
+
+137
+00:10:34,070 --> 00:10:37,570
+imagination, and he's celebrating nature for
+
+138
+00:10:37,570 --> 00:10:41,530
+being, you know, many things, for being beautiful,
+
+139
+00:10:41,930 --> 00:10:46,950
+for being a source of happiness, for being
+
+140
+00:10:46,950 --> 00:10:51,390
+immortal. As you see, beneath the lake, beneath
+
+141
+00:10:51,390 --> 00:10:54,530
+the trees, they are everywhere. They are
+
+142
+00:10:54,530 --> 00:10:57,350
+ubiquitous. Ubiquitous, they are everywhere.
+
+143
+00:11:01,720 --> 00:11:06,020
+fluttering and dancing in the breeze. So they are
+
+144
+00:11:06,020 --> 00:11:09,100
+not passive, but they are active, fluttering.
+
+145
+00:11:09,660 --> 00:11:13,540
+There is a movement. And this movement, later
+
+146
+00:11:13,540 --> 00:11:16,780
+we'll discover, it is not just the movement
+
+147
+00:11:16,780 --> 00:11:19,520
+because of the wind or the lake, but it is
+
+148
+00:11:19,520 --> 00:11:22,880
+movement because of its relation to a cosmic
+
+149
+00:11:22,880 --> 00:11:27,220
+movement, to the movement of the Earth and the
+
+150
+00:11:27,220 --> 00:11:31,760
+galaxy itself. And that's what makes nature here
+
+151
+00:11:31,760 --> 00:11:38,260
+is very, you know, very immortal. Fluttering and
+
+152
+00:11:38,260 --> 00:11:43,480
+dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars,
+
+153
+00:11:43,680 --> 00:11:48,620
+they shine. Again here, he's celebrating nature.
+
+154
+00:11:49,680 --> 00:11:53,220
+He's celebrating the daffodils. He's celebrating
+
+155
+00:11:53,220 --> 00:11:56,450
+nature. Continuous, what does it mean continuous?
+
+156
+00:11:57,090 --> 00:11:59,330
+What is the difference between continuous and
+
+157
+00:11:59,330 --> 00:11:59,870
+continual?
+
+158
+00:12:02,990 --> 00:12:08,670
+Continuous and continual. We eat continuously or
+
+159
+00:12:08,670 --> 00:12:12,590
+continually? Continuously. If we eat continuously,
+
+160
+00:12:12,730 --> 00:12:17,490
+we explode in an hour. If we eat continuously like
+
+161
+00:12:17,490 --> 00:12:21,700
+this. But continually, we eat in the morning, then
+
+162
+00:12:21,700 --> 00:12:27,500
+we stop. So continuous here means, and again, this
+
+163
+00:12:27,500 --> 00:12:30,540
+is another aspect in nature he is celebrating.
+
+164
+00:12:31,400 --> 00:12:35,240
+He's celebrating its permanence, its continuity.
+
+165
+00:12:37,400 --> 00:12:43,740
+Continuous. This is what made Wordsworth famous.
+
+166
+00:12:44,950 --> 00:12:48,530
+like celebrate the rainbow. Why? Because it was
+
+167
+00:12:48,530 --> 00:12:49,410
+continuous.
+
+168
+00:12:51,770 --> 00:12:58,590
+Continuous as the stars that shine were in the
+
+169
+00:12:58,590 --> 00:13:00,430
+Milky Way. Look at them, the stars,
+
+170
+00:13:03,770 --> 00:13:10,330
+and twinkle on the Milky Way. So here, see how the
+
+171
+00:13:10,330 --> 00:13:13,630
+beauty of the daffodils, it links heaven and
+
+172
+00:13:13,630 --> 00:13:13,990
+earth.
+
+173
+00:13:18,020 --> 00:13:20,900
+And Twinkle on the Milky Way. It's an image of the
+
+174
+00:13:20,900 --> 00:13:27,560
+Milky Way, which, you know, has millions of suns
+
+175
+00:13:27,560 --> 00:13:31,060
+and stars. And this shows the miracle of creation
+
+176
+00:13:31,060 --> 00:13:31,540
+itself.
+
+177
+00:13:34,500 --> 00:13:37,860
+They stretch a never-ending line. This is very
+
+178
+00:13:37,860 --> 00:13:43,020
+romantic. He's celebrating nature because nature
+
+179
+00:13:43,020 --> 00:13:48,790
+has no ending. The romantics always cherished
+
+180
+00:13:48,790 --> 00:13:52,970
+nature. Why? Because it has no ending. It was
+
+181
+00:13:52,970 --> 00:13:57,430
+permanent. They stretch a never-ending. I would
+
+182
+00:13:57,430 --> 00:14:00,490
+imagine, like if you want to read it, they stretch
+
+183
+00:14:00,490 --> 00:14:03,250
+a never-ending, a sense of admiration.
+
+184
+00:14:10,410 --> 00:14:13,030
+Along the margin of the bay, again, they are
+
+185
+00:14:13,030 --> 00:14:17,920
+everywhere. This is the bay. The margin of the
+
+186
+00:14:17,920 --> 00:14:26,480
+bay. 10,000 saw I at once. This is the turning,
+
+187
+00:14:28,740 --> 00:14:31,300
+you know, or this is the line which has the
+
+188
+00:14:31,300 --> 00:14:33,340
+turning point in the poem. Why?
+
+189
+00:14:36,320 --> 00:14:40,320
+that he saw like in 10,000 at a glance, like in
+
+190
+00:14:40,320 --> 00:14:44,160
+his super sensibility, that we wouldn't notice it
+
+191
+00:14:44,160 --> 00:14:47,240
+only in the thousand and one glance. Yes. And he
+
+192
+00:14:47,240 --> 00:14:51,940
+saw it. He saw 10,000 at a glance. What glance is
+
+193
+00:14:51,940 --> 00:14:54,800
+he talking about? Is it the glance of seeing I
+
+194
+00:14:54,800 --> 00:15:00,350
+saw? Is it I saw? What kind of vision which would
+
+195
+00:15:00,350 --> 0
+
+223
+00:17:13,130 --> 00:17:18,310
+in fact, Wordsworth's house is overlooking the
+
+224
+00:17:18,310 --> 00:17:23,090
+lake. I mean, the Dove Cottage is overlooking,
+
+225
+00:17:23,310 --> 00:17:27,720
+you know, and he was potting the couch. outside,
+
+226
+00:17:27,720 --> 00:17:30,700
+watching the lake, watching the daffodils. It was a
+
+227
+00:17:30,700 --> 00:17:35,380
+wonderful scene. Out did the sparkling waves in
+
+228
+00:17:35,380 --> 00:17:44,320
+glee. A poet could not but be gay. This is, again,
+
+229
+00:17:44,500 --> 00:17:48,300
+the most difficult line. And look at the grammar.
+
+230
+00:17:48,640 --> 00:17:51,400
+The poet could not but be gay. Who can translate
+
+231
+00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:55,680
+this into Arabic? Who can translate this into
+
+232
+00:17:55,680 --> 00:18:00,620
+Arabic? A poet could not but be gay.
+
+233
+00:18:03,860 --> 00:18:06,360
+Who can translate this into Arabic? Yes, Jihan?
+
+234
+00:18:13,300 --> 00:18:19,160
+It's difficult even in Arabic. A poet could not
+
+235
+00:18:19,160 --> 00:18:23,940
+but be gay. Why? Why a poet? Why not a man?
+
+236
+00:18:24,700 --> 00:18:28,980
+Because he has a feeling. Because a poet is
+
+237
+00:18:28,980 --> 00:18:33,740
+distinguished. Distinguished for what? For his
+
+238
+00:18:33,740 --> 00:18:37,240
+imagination. And these are the ingredients of
+
+239
+00:18:37,240 --> 00:18:41,300
+creativity. So here, the daffodils, this scene of
+
+240
+00:18:41,300 --> 00:18:47,400
+harmony, this scene of happiness, is what? This
+
+241
+00:18:47,400 --> 00:18:52,520
+scene represents the ingredients of creativity. A
+
+242
+00:18:52,520 --> 00:18:56,280
+poet could not but be gay in such a joyful
+
+243
+00:18:56,280 --> 00:19:05,440
+company. It's a, you know, a very joyful company,
+
+244
+00:19:05,640 --> 00:19:07,420
+in such a joyful company.
+
+245
+00:19:13,160 --> 00:19:16,820
+I gazed and gazed, but little thought. This
+
+246
+00:19:16,820 --> 00:19:20,800
+contradicts with wondering. I gazed and gazed, but
+
+247
+00:19:20,800 --> 00:19:25,560
+little thought. Little, you know, worrying about
+
+248
+00:19:25,560 --> 00:19:29,680
+little loneliness. No loneliness. Little thought.
+
+249
+00:19:30,680 --> 00:19:35,160
+No more concerns. So this is the value of the
+
+250
+00:19:35,160 --> 00:19:41,180
+romantic experience. It obliterates the sense of
+
+251
+00:19:41,180 --> 00:19:46,100
+loneliness. I gazed and gazed, but little thought.
+
+252
+00:19:50,010 --> 00:19:52,670
+So it's imagination.
+
+253
+00:19:55,010 --> 00:19:58,970
+What wealth the show to me had brought? What
+
+254
+00:19:58,970 --> 00:20:04,130
+wealth? The show to me was a source of richness.
+
+255
+00:20:05,210 --> 00:20:07,970
+Why? Why do you think it was a source of richness?
+
+256
+00:20:08,770 --> 00:20:14,410
+Because it is an experience which is stored in the
+
+257
+00:20:14,410 --> 00:20:18,420
+mind which is going to be recreated and
+
+258
+00:20:18,420 --> 00:20:22,440
+reconstructed by the poet's imagination. So it is
+
+259
+00:20:22,440 --> 00:20:22,740
+wealth.
+
+260
+00:20:27,900 --> 00:20:33,140
+And here he's answering for off because for off it
+
+261
+00:20:33,140 --> 00:20:37,580
+is wealth. Why? Because when later on my couch I
+
+262
+00:20:37,580 --> 00:20:42,500
+lie in vacant or in pensive mood when I'm again
+
+263
+00:20:42,500 --> 00:20:47,340
+sick, when I'm again lonely, And I don't go
+
+264
+00:20:47,340 --> 00:20:51,980
+outside to see the daffodils. These daffodils revisit.
+
+265
+00:20:52,240 --> 00:20:55,220
+Why? Because they are in my mind and heart. They
+
+266
+00:20:55,220 --> 00:21:00,040
+are stored. They are rearranged, reconstructed by
+
+267
+00:21:00,040 --> 00:21:04,880
+my own imagination. So here, look here, we are not
+
+268
+00:21:04,880 --> 00:21:10,860
+talking about nature as being like,
+
+269
+00:21:11,320 --> 00:21:17,460
+as we said, nature in itself. doing this to man.
+
+270
+00:21:17,640 --> 00:21:20,360
+It is man give and take. He's giving imagination,
+
+271
+00:21:20,660 --> 00:21:22,940
+and he's taking the beauty and reconstructing the
+
+272
+00:21:22,940 --> 00:21:26,180
+beauty. So there is interaction between man and
+
+273
+00:21:26,180 --> 00:21:30,720
+nature. It is not one way. For I am off when in my
+
+274
+00:21:30,720 --> 00:21:36,680
+couch. I lie in vacant or in pensive mood. What
+
+275
+00:21:36,680 --> 00:21:41,920
+happens? They flash upon the inward eye. They
+
+276
+00:21:41,920 --> 00:21:46,430
+flash. Look here. Everything is becoming internal.
+
+277
+00:21:47,710 --> 00:21:51,810
+These daffodils flash upon the inward eye. Inward
+
+278
+00:21:51,810 --> 00:21:56,350
+eye, the imagination, which is the bliss. This is
+
+279
+00:21:56,350 --> 00:21:59,470
+the eye of imagination. It's funny, huh? Which is
+
+280
+00:21:59,470 --> 00:22:04,170
+the bliss of solitude. The imagination is the
+
+281
+00:22:04,170 --> 00:22:07,650
+blessing of solitude. Because in solitude,
+
+282
+00:22:08,030 --> 00:22:09,310
+imagination is active.
+
+283
+00:22:18,510 --> 00:22:23,650
+And then my heart with pleasure fills and dances
+
+284
+00:22:23,650 --> 00:22:26,350
+with the daffodils. This heart was dancing, you know,
+
+285
+00:22:26,770 --> 00:22:31,870
+and dances with the daffodils. So where is the I? Is
+
+286
+00:22:31,870 --> 00:22:36,430
+the I, the lonely I, disappeared? And now the I is
+
+287
+00:22:36,430 --> 00:22:42,890
+merging with nature, is part of nature. Okay? Now
+
+288
+00:22:42,890 --> 00:22:47,570
+in a very quick way, you see it is a movement. It
+
+289
+00:22:47,570 --> 00:22:51,010
+is an experience of happiness. It is an experience
+
+290
+00:22:51,010 --> 00:22:56,430
+of recreation. And man is not passive. Man has
+
+291
+00:22:56,430 --> 00:23:01,270
+something to do with nature. I want you to listen
+
+292
+00:23:01,270 --> 00:23:07,850
+to the, let's see. I'm not sure whether you got
+
+293
+00:23:07,850 --> 00:23:08,950
+this song or not.
+
+294
+00:23:33,110 --> 00:23:38,440
+I wonder how many are still around That floats on
+
+295
+00:23:38,440 --> 00:23:45,680
+high over hills and fields, Where once I saw him
+
+296
+00:23:45,680 --> 00:23:51,980
+prowl, A horse of gold and amber in heels.
+
+297
+00:23:52,840 --> 00:23:57,460
+Beside the lake beneath the trees, fluttering and
+
+298
+00:23:57,460 --> 00:23:59,320
+dancing in the breeze.
+
+299
+00:24:02,050 --> 00:24:07,130
+These are the living trees Fluttering and dancing
+
+300
+00:24:07,130 --> 00:24:16,110
+in the warm breeze in the breeze Come
+
+301
+00:24:16,110 --> 00:24:20,670
+to yourselves the stars that shine And twinkle on
+
+302
+00:24:20,670 --> 00:24:28,250
+them every way They stretch to never-ending line
+
+303
+00:24:28,750 --> 00:24:31,890
+along the margin of the day.
+
+304
+00:24:34,810 --> 00:24:41,370
+Ten thousand lions charging their heads, grinding
+
+305
+00:24:41,370 --> 00:24:48,870
+their knees. Ten thousand lions charging their
+
+306
+00:24:48,870 --> 00:24:52,770
+heads, grinding their knees.
+
+307
+00:25:13,140 --> 00:25:18,040
+The waves beside them dance, But they are kings,
+
+308
+00:25:18,060 --> 00:25:20,740
+sparkling, blazing green.
+
+309
+00:25:22,840 --> 00:25:27,650
+Up the hill, good heart, up the hill, It's such a
+
+310
+00:25:27,650 --> 00:25:35,310
+job uncommonly easy It isn't easy when there's a
+
+311
+00:25:35,310 --> 00:25:43,310
+lot of work that goes into it It isn't
+
+312
+00:25:43,310 --> 00:25:47,590
+easy when there's a lot of work that goes into it
+
+313
+00:25:57,280 --> 00:26:03,120
+For all the love I've lost my life in making your
+
+314
+00:26:03,120 --> 00:26:09,980
+dreams come true. And the love that you've given
+
+315
+00:26:09,980 --> 00:26:13,720
+me, which isn't necessarily true.
+
+316
+00:26:16,950 --> 00:26:21,990
+And my heart with pleasure it moves And dances and
+
+317
+00:26:21,990 --> 00:26:28,950
+dances with another And my heart with pleasure it
+
+318
+00:26:28,950 --> 00:26:38,130
+moves And dances and dances with another And
+
+319
+00:26:38,130 --> 00:26:43,210
+my heart with pleasure it moves
+
+320
+00:26:56,650 --> 00:27:02,810
+Very fun, huh? Okay, so now I know I'm just racing
+
+321
+00:27:02,810 --> 00:27:05,710
+with time because I need to go and
+
+322
+00:27:10,900 --> 00:27:14,500
+Yes. As you see, this extract is quoted from Henry
+
+323
+00:27:14,500 --> 00:27:18,160
+Howard's sonnet, Description of Spring, where
+
+324
+00:27:18,160 --> 00:27:22,120
+everything changes save the lover. It's the title.
+
+325
+00:27:22,540 --> 00:27:25,180
+It's, you know, the extract. This is part of the
+
+326
+00:27:25,180 --> 00:27:29,060
+context. Henry Howard's Earl of Surrey was an
+
+327
+00:27:29,060 --> 00:27:33,260
+English poet who further modulated the sonnet
+
+328
+00:27:33,260 --> 00:27:37,520
+because we are talking about Sir Thomas Wyatt. He
+
+329
+00:27:37,520 --> 00:27:40,980
+also modulated the sonnet. It's a little bit, not
+
+330
+00:27:40,980 --> 00:27:42,020
+talking much about him.
+
+331
+00:27:45,560 --> 00:27:48,840
+To make it fit with courtly love, because courtly
+
+332
+00:27:48,840 --> 00:27:52,040
+love is a theme which they wrote about, a very
+
+333
+00:27:52,040 --> 00:27:54,860
+traditional English theme. Howard's sonnet,
+
+334
+00:27:54,980 --> 00:27:57,400
+Description of Spring, is no exception, because in
+
+335
+00:27:57,400 --> 00:28:01,860
+this sonnet, he was playing with the form. This
+
+336
+00:28:01,860 --> 00:28:04,660
+given extract is part of an argument, and this is
+
+337
+00:28:04,660 --> 00:28:08,120
+the most important thing, in which the poet wants
+
+338
+00:28:08,120 --> 00:28:12,520
+to assert his manhood, because it's courtly love,
+
+339
+00:28:12,960 --> 00:28:16,000
+at the expense of an unidentified,
+
+340
+00:28:17,980 --> 00:28:20,940
+she's not known, we don't know her name, yet very
+
+341
+00:28:20,940 --> 00:28:27,260
+cruel and indifferent mistress. However, Howard,
+
+342
+00:28:27,620 --> 00:28:33,190
+who is known for his nobility, was not blunt in
+
+343
+00:28:33,190 --> 00:28:39,670
+doing so. He didn't do it in a very blunt way. He
+
+344
+00:28:39,670 --> 00:28:44,530
+didn't criticize her. He was very polite. Okay.
+
+345
+00:28:51,990 --> 00:28:56,950
+He didn't do it in a blunt way. Sorry.
+
+346
+00:29:00,300 --> 00:29:04,520
+He euphemistically, because he was euphemistic, as
+
+347
+00:29:04,520 --> 00:29:07,740
+we said, and in a very unique device called
+
+348
+00:29:07,740 --> 00:29:12,820
+juxtaposition, was able to get our sympathy, and
+
+349
+00:29:12,820 --> 00:29:15,860
+in a sense, our admiration and veneration. And
+
+350
+00:29:15,860 --> 00:29:17,520
+this is what is happening at the end of the poem.
+
+351
+00:29:18,540 --> 00:29:24,060
+This juxtaposition has spawned,
+
+352
+00:29:24,340 --> 00:29:30,150
+spawned, generated unique situational irony. Like,
+
+353
+00:29:30,310 --> 00:29:32,930
+few people talk about the irony, because it is
+
+354
+00:29:32,930 --> 00:29:35,750
+there, where everything in the external world is
+
+355
+00:29:35,750 --> 00:29:38,610
+changing to the better, except the poet's
+
+356
+00:29:38,610 --> 00:29:42,450
+situation, which gets worse and worse. This is,
+
+357
+00:29:42,470 --> 00:29:45,090
+you know, the introduction. You have lines of
+
+358
+00:29:45,090 --> 00:29:52,070
+ideas I'm going to discuss. As hinted above, the
+
+359
+00:29:52,070 --> 00:29:55,210
+given extract represents... Now, I'm talking about
+
+360
+00:29:55,210 --> 00:29:57,110
+the extract. I'm not talking about the poem.
+
+361
+00:29:58,010 --> 00:30:01,490
+represents an extension of a vivid description. It
+
+362
+00:30:01,490 --> 00:30:04,810
+is a continuation of a vivid description of the
+
+363
+00:30:04,810 --> 00:30:09,410
+outside in order to be ironically juxtaposed by
+
+364
+00:30:09,410 --> 00:30:13,970
+the inside. In the first and the second quatrain,
+
+365
+00:30:14,750 --> 00:30:19,970
+Howard depicted a lovely picture of rebirth and
+
+366
+00:30:19,970 --> 00:30:25,430
+regeneration after the advent of spring. In this
+
+367
+00:30:25,430 --> 00:30:29,870
+extract, the poet further demonstrates the
+
+368
+00:30:29,870 --> 00:30:33,870
+procreative, you know, the active, the creative
+
+369
+00:30:33,870 --> 00:30:39,190
+urge of spring. The fate, you know, like the urge,
+
+370
+00:30:39,290 --> 00:30:41,890
+the life itself, the motive of life. This is
+
+371
+00:30:41,890 --> 00:30:45,750
+effected by a series, this is achieved by a series
+
+372
+00:30:45,750 --> 00:30:49,010
+of metaphors and personifications. I don't have to
+
+373
+00:30:49,010 --> 00:30:51,550
+say this is a metaphor, this is a personification.
+
+374
+00:30:52,070 --> 00:30:58,260
+Just like you mention them quickly. As in the
+
+375
+00:30:58,260 --> 00:31:01,320
+other lines, the busy bee
+
+376
+00:31:01,320 --> 00:31:06,840
+mingling her honey and winter is warm. This is
+
+377
+00:31:06,840 --> 00:31:11,540
+further augmented by the sense of vitality induced
+
+378
+00:31:11,540 --> 00:31:14,720
+by the image of the swift, because we have an
+
+379
+00:31:14,720 --> 00:31:19,680
+image. of the swift swallow pursuing the fly. It
+
+380
+00:31:19,680 --> 00:31:23,020
+is, as we said, it is a kinetic image. It is, you
+
+381
+00:31:23,020 --> 00:31:26,380
+know, a movement image. The alliteration of a
+
+382
+00:31:26,380 --> 00:31:29,860
+swift swallow and busy bee along with the
+
+383
+00:31:29,860 --> 00:31:34,960
+onomatopoeia in busy bee imbues, decorates the
+
+384
+00:31:34,960 --> 00:31:38,620
+whole atmosphere with a sense of vitality and
+
+385
+00:31:38,620 --> 00:31:44,140
+festivity. It's like happiness. Indeed, such a
+
+386
+00:31:44,140 --> 00:31:48,040
+vivid description which is depicted in this
+
+387
+00:31:48,040 --> 00:31:53,120
+extract, is a culmination of the renewal. It is
+
+388
+00:31:53,120 --> 00:31:58,000
+the top of the renewal and regeneration in the
+
+389
+00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:02,200
+natural world. Unfortunately, it's the idea, like
+
+390
+00:32:02,200 --> 00:32:05,320
+now I have to talk about the poet. Unfortunately,
+
+391
+00:32:05,460 --> 00:32:08,600
+the change in the external world was not to
+
+392
+00:32:08,600 --> 00:32:13,450
+include the poet. It's a spelling mistake, but I
+
+393
+00:32:13,450 --> 00:32:16,650
+corrected it. And in a very ironic way, the poet's
+
+394
+00:32:16,650 --> 00:32:20,070
+situation aggravates so much to the extent that he
+
+395
+00:32:20,070 --> 00:32:24,090
+succeeds in getting our compassion and sympathy.
+
+396
+00:32:24,970 --> 00:32:29,490
+In this sense, the final couplet has come to
+
+397
+00:32:29,490 --> 00:32:35,190
+sharply deviate from the norm established because
+
+398
+00:32:35,190 --> 00:32:39,740
+everything was changing. Established in the whole
+
+399
+00:32:39,740 --> 00:32:44,440
+poem, the normal expectation was the agonizing
+
+400
+00:32:44,440 --> 00:32:49,620
+experience of the courtly lover would terminate as
+
+401
+00:32:49,620 --> 00:32:52,180
+was the case with the other living things. This is
+
+402
+00:32:52,180 --> 00:32:56,920
+what everybody expected. Yet the poet's situation
+
+403
+00:32:56,920 --> 00:33:01,310
+seems to be otherwise. With an innocence of
+
+404
+00:33:01,310 --> 00:33:04,830
+increasing pain, the courtly lover complains in
+
+405
+00:33:04,830 --> 00:33:08,230
+the final couplet, and thus I see among these
+
+406
+00:33:08,230 --> 00:33:12,370
+things each care decays and my sorrow springs.
+
+407
+00:33:13,610 --> 00:33:19,180
+Here the poet surprises us by the paradox, which
+
+408
+00:33:19,180 --> 00:33:23,820
+in its turn evokes a situational irony, where we
+
+409
+00:33:23,820 --> 00:33:27,240
+see the disparity between the external world and
+
+410
+00:33:27,240 --> 00:33:32,460
+the internal world of the poet. It is then we feel
+
+411
+00:33:32,460 --> 00:33:35,940
+that this sense of sorrow is so deep that the poet
+
+412
+00:33:35,940 --> 00:33:38,980
+heaves out, you know, sighs,
+
+413
+00:33:41,640 --> 00:33:44,060
+is excessive suffering when he poses in the middle
+
+414
+00:33:44,060 --> 00:33:47,220
+of the final. This caesura, and we talked about
+
+415
+00:33:47,220 --> 00:
+
+445
+00:35:45,840 --> 00:35:49,440
+I'm just looking at the extract. And I'm following
+
+446
+00:35:49,440 --> 00:35:54,860
+a sequence of ideas. All the time I have been 
+
+447
+00:35:54,860 --> 00:36:00,160
+hesitant to write model answers because it seems 
+
+448
+00:36:00,160 --> 00:36:02,480
+to be intimidating. You say, can I write like 
+
+449
+00:36:02,480 --> 00:36:05,680
+this? You can write better. I want to say you can
+
+450
+00:36:05,680 --> 00:36:09,650
+write better. I enjoy some of you wrote very well, 
+
+451
+00:36:10,150 --> 00:36:13,710
+but you can do the same in a less rhetorical 
+
+452
+00:36:13,710 --> 00:36:19,410
+style. You know, you can do it. It's a model. I 
+
+453
+00:36:19,410 --> 00:36:23,530
+want you to look at it and to follow such a model
+
+454
+00:36:23,530 --> 00:36:29,670
+in your final exam. Okay? Any question? Any 
+
+455
+00:36:29,670 --> 00:36:34,390
+concern? Thank you very much for being good 
+
+456
+00:36:34,390 --> 00:36:35,090
+audience today. 

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/xWZ2TPdl7Uw_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1964 @@
+1
+00:00:12,340 --> 00:00:17,900
+Good morning everybody. How are you? How was the
+
+2
+00:00:17,900 --> 00:00:25,400
+weekend? Very busy or you were relaxed? No
+
+3
+00:00:25,400 --> 00:00:30,340
+relaxation? I hope that though you are spending
+
+4
+00:00:30,340 --> 00:00:36,000
+some time on studying poetry. Do you? Did you have
+
+5
+00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:40,420
+a time to look at the oxen? How did you find it?
+
+6
+00:00:42,320 --> 00:00:48,380
+Weird. Very strange. Okay, we'll come to that, you
+
+7
+00:00:48,380 --> 00:00:54,220
+know, to your response after we listen to a report
+
+8
+00:00:54,220 --> 00:01:01,170
+or two. And I know I collected your reports, and
+
+9
+00:01:01,170 --> 00:01:03,630
+I'm going to collect them at any time, even your
+
+10
+00:01:03,630 --> 00:01:07,890
+responses. You see what I mean? So be careful. I
+
+11
+00:01:07,890 --> 00:01:10,010
+told you from the very beginning, you have to come
+
+12
+00:01:10,010 --> 00:01:13,610
+to each class. So those students who thought that
+
+13
+00:01:13,610 --> 00:01:16,530
+they came and I gave them the mark, I can take it
+
+14
+00:01:16,530 --> 00:01:19,990
+back if you don't continue this. So I might
+
+15
+00:01:19,990 --> 00:01:23,110
+collect it at any moment, the reports. And this
+
+16
+00:01:23,110 --> 00:01:27,360
+time, if you miss a report, You know, you're going
+
+17
+00:01:27,360 --> 00:01:32,380
+to miss the whole bonus mark. So be careful and
+
+18
+00:01:32,380 --> 00:01:37,240
+try not to miss any report or any response. Good.
+
+19
+00:01:38,280 --> 00:01:43,800
+Yes, Miss Saleh, yes. I think your name is Athar,
+
+20
+00:01:44,540 --> 00:01:47,680
+if I'm not mistaken. So I started to have a good
+
+21
+00:01:47,680 --> 00:01:48,020
+memory.
+
+22
+00:01:52,690 --> 00:01:55,570
+To be away from university for three weeks is a
+
+23
+00:01:55,570 --> 00:01:58,090
+terrible thing. I was very sick and stayed at home
+
+24
+00:01:58,090 --> 00:02:00,970
+a long time and missed a lot of lectures for seven
+
+25
+00:02:00,970 --> 00:02:03,650
+courses. Boutry course was the most comfortable
+
+26
+00:02:03,650 --> 00:02:06,210
+one while I was watching the videotaping lecture.
+
+27
+00:02:06,850 --> 00:02:11,210
+I was very clear, I feel like I stay, it was very
+
+28
+00:02:11,210 --> 00:02:14,450
+clear, I feel like I stay at the class but I don't
+
+29
+00:02:14,450 --> 00:02:18,110
+know what I will do for the other courses. Okay,
+
+30
+00:02:18,170 --> 00:02:23,030
+thank you. We understand and perhaps this is the
+
+31
+00:02:23,030 --> 00:02:25,890
+purpose why I agreed to videotape these classes
+
+32
+00:02:25,890 --> 00:02:31,430
+because sometimes some students have invincible
+
+33
+00:02:31,430 --> 00:02:33,650
+circumstances,
+
+34
+00:02:34,450 --> 00:02:40,130
+something that they cannot control. And the
+
+35
+00:02:40,130 --> 00:02:43,710
+videotaping is for those students who cannot come
+
+36
+00:02:43,710 --> 00:02:49,250
+because of difficult circumstances. Good. Yes, we
+
+37
+00:02:49,250 --> 00:02:54,330
+need another creative report. Who thinks that her
+
+38
+00:02:54,330 --> 00:02:58,730
+report is creative? Okay. I think you're lucky
+
+39
+00:02:58,730 --> 00:03:02,690
+this is the fifth time you're standing here. You
+
+40
+00:03:02,690 --> 00:03:07,270
+don't remember? You don't count times? Okay, good.
+
+41
+00:03:07,610 --> 00:03:11,360
+You're lucky then. Good morning, everybody. That
+
+42
+00:03:11,360 --> 00:03:17,260
+lecture was I attended in the previous lecture, so
+
+43
+00:03:17,260 --> 00:03:19,980
+I wrote about it. The lecture was too
+
+44
+00:03:19,980 --> 00:03:24,340
+distinguishable because
+
+45
+00:03:24,340 --> 00:03:27,820
+we discussed a poem that seems enjoyable. Also, we
+
+46
+00:03:27,820 --> 00:03:30,160
+interested ourselves by the questions the teacher
+
+47
+00:03:30,160 --> 00:03:33,740
+asked, and Mr. Habib gave us many chances to ask.
+
+48
+00:03:34,160 --> 00:03:37,200
+Then, we gave gut responses to the poem, and the
+
+49
+00:03:37,200 --> 00:03:40,120
+teacher thanked us because of our deep thinking
+
+50
+00:03:40,120 --> 00:03:43,770
+for expressing them. He read to us the first
+
+51
+00:03:43,770 --> 00:03:47,530
+stanza and asked questions about this stanza. Next
+
+52
+00:03:47,530 --> 00:03:50,030
+to that, we talked about Christianity and
+
+53
+00:03:50,030 --> 00:03:52,750
+Christmas and talked about some aspects of this
+
+54
+00:03:52,750 --> 00:03:56,390
+day and being gorgeous. After that, Mr. Habib told
+
+55
+00:03:56,390 --> 00:03:59,650
+us to search about the miracles accompanying our
+
+56
+00:03:59,650 --> 00:04:03,160
+Prophet Muhammad's birth So we agreed with him and
+
+57
+00:04:03,160 --> 00:04:05,880
+decided or promised to make such a research.
+
+58
+00:04:06,300 --> 00:04:09,720
+Finally, time is over and the teacher asked us to
+
+59
+00:04:09,720 --> 00:04:12,940
+rebirth. So we left the lecture and promised to
+
+60
+00:04:12,940 --> 00:04:15,380
+participate while I'm here. Thank you very much.
+
+61
+00:04:15,520 --> 00:04:18,660
+Good. It's a nice response and you reminded me of
+
+62
+00:04:18,660 --> 00:04:22,200
+like an assignment I gave, like to talk about the
+
+63
+00:04:22,200 --> 00:04:24,200
+miracles that accompanied the birth of Prophet
+
+64
+00:04:24,200 --> 00:04:28,850
+Muhammad peace be upon him. But before that, this
+
+65
+00:04:28,850 --> 00:04:34,470
+is what I'm planning. I'm planning to look at the
+
+66
+00:04:34,470 --> 00:04:40,060
+poem again, to simplify it. And then to consider,
+
+67
+00:04:40,640 --> 00:04:43,680
+this is the main focus of today's class, is to
+
+68
+00:04:43,680 --> 00:04:46,900
+concentrate on the stylistic analysis. This is
+
+69
+00:04:46,900 --> 00:04:50,700
+like something we are doing, or we have been doing
+
+70
+00:04:50,700 --> 00:04:55,340
+this, like stylistic analysis, but not on a large
+
+71
+00:04:55,340 --> 00:04:59,000
+scale. Today we are going to concentrate more on
+
+72
+00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:03,950
+stylistic analysis. Okay, but before that, I want
+
+73
+00:05:03,950 --> 00:05:07,750
+to listen or to see how did you find the poem? Was
+
+74
+00:05:07,750 --> 00:05:11,170
+it like easy, difficult? Do you like it, you
+
+75
+00:05:11,170 --> 00:05:13,890
+didn't like it when you read it? How you felt?
+
+76
+00:05:14,690 --> 00:05:18,150
+Okay, so we're coming back to square number one.
+
+77
+00:05:19,310 --> 00:05:20,010
+Okay, yes?
+
+78
+00:05:23,710 --> 00:05:26,650
+Yes, how did you find the poem, Rawand? Actually,
+
+79
+00:05:26,710 --> 00:05:28,910
+when I first read it, I didn't get anything. Uh
+
+80
+00:05:28,910 --> 00:05:29,790
+-huh, very good.
+
+81
+00:05:34,010 --> 00:05:37,570
+Yeah, because, you know, it started, the poem, you
+
+82
+00:05:37,570 --> 00:05:43,250
+know, started by, like, just one, talking about
+
+83
+00:05:43,250 --> 00:05:50,270
+Christmas Eve and twelve o'clock. Good. And I
+
+84
+00:05:50,270 --> 00:05:53,210
+understand that it was about superstition.
+
+85
+00:05:55,150 --> 00:05:58,350
+Superstition? Superstition, yeah. About the office
+
+86
+00:05:58,350 --> 00:06:02,930
+and nails to be used on Christmas night. So you
+
+87
+00:06:02,930 --> 00:06:08,770
+discovered it was about superstition. Okay. So
+
+88
+00:06:08,770 --> 00:06:13,770
+like they said, that was a superstition. Who said
+
+89
+00:06:13,770 --> 00:06:20,370
+that? The older man in the twin said that it was a
+
+90
+00:06:20,370 --> 00:06:22,890
+superstition. At that time, Harvey was a child. He
+
+91
+00:06:22,890 --> 00:06:25,430
+and his dad were just leaving, and they didn't
+
+92
+00:06:25,430 --> 00:06:28,350
+even think about it, or that it might be not true.
+
+93
+00:06:28,470 --> 00:06:31,510
+No, hold on. Okay, Khaled, could you get us the
+
+94
+00:06:31,510 --> 00:06:37,250
+internet, please? Okay. Yes. So Hardy thought it
+
+95
+00:06:37,250 --> 00:06:37,670
+was.
+
+96
+00:06:41,990 --> 00:06:46,450
+So they didn't think it was a superstition. Okay.
+
+97
+00:06:46,750 --> 00:06:49,510
+They thought it was something real. You know what,
+
+98
+00:06:50,070 --> 00:06:54,090
+what, what is she's talking about? What's what
+
+99
+00:06:54,090 --> 00:06:57,550
+superstition she's talking about? Yeah, the
+
+100
+00:06:57,550 --> 00:07:02,370
+kneeling, you know, of the oxen. Because here, I
+
+101
+00:07:02,370 --> 00:07:05,710
+mean, this is like the picture the poem starts
+
+102
+00:07:05,710 --> 00:07:09,270
+with. It starts with like a group of people
+
+103
+00:07:09,270 --> 00:07:14,190
+sitting together and an elder person, like perhaps
+
+104
+00:07:14,190 --> 00:07:19,390
+a priest or perhaps like a wise man was telling
+
+105
+00:07:19,390 --> 00:07:24,190
+them stories about the birth of Jesus Christ. And
+
+106
+00:07:24,190 --> 00:07:28,070
+one of these stories was the kneeling of the oxen.
+
+107
+00:07:29,130 --> 00:07:36,410
+Now, yeah, that was like a superstitious, like
+
+108
+00:07:36,410 --> 00:07:41,370
+this is what some people said, you know, but
+
+109
+00:07:41,370 --> 00:07:45,130
+Christian would say that this is a miracle, you
+
+110
+00:07:45,130 --> 00:07:50,970
+know, because we're talking about, let's say, a
+
+111
+00:07:50,970 --> 00:07:54,390
+cosmic event. We're not talking about, you know,
+
+112
+00:07:54,410 --> 00:07:58,570
+it is a birth of a prophet. And we said, you know,
+
+113
+00:07:58,670 --> 00:08:03,240
+like, we should not talk about, you know, the
+
+114
+00:08:03,240 --> 00:08:06,380
+birth of prophets in this way, like it was
+
+115
+00:08:06,380 --> 00:08:11,420
+superstition. Because, you know, we believe like
+
+116
+00:08:11,420 --> 00:08:16,540
+there are miracles accompanying the birth of
+
+117
+00:08:16,540 --> 00:08:19,120
+prophets. And I gave you an assignment last time
+
+118
+00:08:19,120 --> 00:08:22,200
+to tell me about the miracles that accompanied
+
+119
+00:08:22,200 --> 00:08:26,080
+Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. Did you like
+
+120
+00:08:26,080 --> 00:08:31,260
+get any? Yes? Yeah, there are many miracles that
+
+121
+00:08:31,260 --> 00:08:34,060
+happened. One of them is that the idols fall down
+
+122
+00:08:34,060 --> 00:08:39,440
+on their faces. Yeah, the idols, like, yeah, fell
+
+123
+00:08:39,440 --> 00:08:44,220
+down on their faces. Okay. And also, the light
+
+124
+00:08:44,220 --> 00:08:47,480
+went out and came in a large area of the Arabian
+
+125
+00:08:47,480 --> 00:08:50,520
+Peninsula. Yeah, there was some, you know,
+
+126
+00:08:50,580 --> 00:08:55,640
+eclipse. Okay. And also, from the Taiwan factions,
+
+127
+00:08:56,180 --> 00:09:03,620
+Yeah, you can say bracelets. The Persian
+
+128
+00:09:03,620 --> 00:09:07,900
+fire was extinguished. So these were the miracles
+
+129
+00:09:07,900 --> 00:09:08,840
+that took place.
+
+130
+00:09:11,830 --> 00:09:16,370
+Okay, well, good. So again, these are the miracles
+
+131
+00:09:16,370 --> 00:09:19,790
+that accompany prophets and stories of prophets.
+
+132
+00:09:20,330 --> 00:09:24,710
+Here we have a miracle, the Christian, but I don't
+
+133
+00:09:24,710 --> 00:09:27,550
+know, it could be a superstition, but the
+
+134
+00:09:27,550 --> 00:09:32,210
+Christian would deem it as a miracle. Okay, let's
+
+135
+00:09:32,210 --> 00:09:34,350
+see other people's responses. I don't want to
+
+136
+00:09:34,350 --> 00:09:40,440
+waste time. Yes, okay. Yeah, go ahead. The oxen
+
+137
+00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:42,920
+kneeling, it was a legend. The hardy reality
+
+138
+00:09:42,920 --> 00:09:45,620
+accepted no legends. The serenity, innocence, and
+
+139
+00:09:45,620 --> 00:09:49,100
+faith torn out in these years. Is he losing faith
+
+140
+00:09:49,100 --> 00:09:51,960
+in religion or maybe in a corrupt humanity? We
+
+141
+00:09:51,960 --> 00:09:54,460
+ought to find out. Although it may not matter, the
+
+142
+00:09:54,460 --> 00:09:57,680
+war sure everything did shatter. That's it. Wow.
+
+143
+00:09:58,080 --> 00:10:00,680
+Good. Thank you very much. Again, I'm impressed by
+
+144
+00:10:00,680 --> 00:10:03,300
+Jihan's response, you know, because this is what
+
+145
+00:10:03,300 --> 00:10:07,200
+she's been doing all throughout the course, like
+
+146
+00:10:07,200 --> 00:10:11,120
+she was responding in poetry. Good. I'm also
+
+147
+00:10:11,120 --> 00:10:15,580
+interested, you know, in just knowing the response
+
+148
+00:10:15,580 --> 00:10:18,320
+of, you know, either of you. Like, what do you
+
+149
+00:10:18,320 --> 00:10:23,000
+think? What is the poem? Yeah, yeah, it's here.
+
+150
+00:10:24,680 --> 00:10:33,020
+It's coming, like... Yeah. Okay. So, what do you
+
+151
+00:10:33,020 --> 00:10:33,320
+think?
+
+152
+00:10:37,500 --> 00:10:41,740
+The oxen. I don't need a tiger. The oxen. Yes. So
+
+153
+00:10:41,740 --> 00:10:46,980
+you have to go. Yeah, what do you think? Have you
+
+154
+00:10:46,980 --> 00:10:52,320
+read the poem or not yet? Yes. Yes, there. What do
+
+155
+00:10:52,320 --> 00:10:56,880
+you think of the poem? Why is it beautiful? I
+
+156
+00:10:56,880 --> 00:11:00,000
+wrote
+
+157
+00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:02,680
+about his compassion. He wrote about his
+
+158
+00:11:02,680 --> 00:11:07,920
+compassion. He wrote about his compassion. So
+
+159
+00:11:07,920 --> 00:11:09,540
+because he was talking about a personal
+
+160
+00:11:09,540 --> 00:11:13,760
+experience, it's beautiful. How did he talk about
+
+161
+00:11:13,760 --> 00:11:18,480
+the personal, I mean, his past experience? How did
+
+162
+00:11:18,480 --> 00:11:23,320
+he talk? You say it's beautiful. Like what was his
+
+163
+00:11:23,320 --> 00:11:28,580
+attitude to the world of the past? Yes, Layla? I
+
+164
+00:11:28,580 --> 00:11:33,120
+think he learned from the previous day. Yeah, he
+
+165
+00:11:33,120 --> 00:11:36,720
+was nostalgic. He was homesick. He appreciated
+
+166
+00:11:36,720 --> 00:11:40,180
+very much, you know, the time when people were
+
+167
+00:11:40,180 --> 00:11:44,600
+getting together and talking. In the meantime,
+
+168
+00:11:45,720 --> 00:11:49,640
+he's not happy with how people are behaving
+
+169
+00:11:49,640 --> 00:11:53,480
+nowadays. What's the problem with people nowadays?
+
+170
+00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:56,660
+Did you feel like because he's talking about two
+
+171
+00:11:56,660 --> 00:12:00,860
+words, the past and the present? Yes. How? Yes,
+
+172
+00:12:00,960 --> 00:12:01,160
+please.
+
+173
+00:12:08,920 --> 00:12:19,540
+So in the
+
+174
+00:12:19,540 --> 00:12:22,660
+past, people trusted each other. Nowadays, people
+
+175
+00:12:22,660 --> 00:12:27,890
+do not. Nowadays, people are skeptic. They are
+
+176
+00:12:27,890 --> 00:12:30,710
+cynical. You know what I mean? To be cynical, not
+
+177
+00:12:30,710 --> 00:12:34,490
+to take, not to believe, you know, what people are
+
+178
+00:12:34,490 --> 00:12:36,850
+telling you. Yes, Jahan? Yeah, there's also no
+
+179
+00:12:36,850 --> 00:12:39,870
+spirituality, not the same spirituality that used
+
+180
+00:12:39,870 --> 00:12:42,550
+to be before that. And also because of the time
+
+181
+00:12:42,550 --> 00:12:45,630
+when he wrote the poem, it was the World War and
+
+182
+00:12:45,630 --> 00:12:49,250
+everything, so he kind of lost faith. He felt like
+
+183
+00:12:49,250 --> 00:12:51,410
+the world was losing him. Which war are you
+
+184
+00:12:51,410 --> 00:12:55,770
+talking about? World War... No, I mean, I don't
+
+185
+00:12:55,770 --> 00:12:55,970
+think...
+
+186
+00:12:58,970 --> 00:13:04,250
+It was published during the war, after the war, so
+
+187
+00:13:04,250 --> 00:13:06,890
+it felt like it's the same comparison. There was
+
+188
+00:13:06,890 --> 00:13:08,730
+no spirituality, people were fighting each other.
+
+189
+00:13:08,730 --> 00:13:11,770
+Yeah, the sea of faith was shrinking. Yeah, and
+
+190
+00:13:11,770 --> 00:13:14,150
+there wasn't the connection between the community
+
+191
+00:13:14,150 --> 00:13:16,470
+as it used to be. Everything is distorted,
+
+192
+00:13:16,670 --> 00:13:22,510
+everything is just changed. Good. Yes, any other
+
+193
+00:13:22,510 --> 00:13:23,970
+response?
+
+194
+00:13:25,800 --> 00:13:30,020
+Let's see. Last time, you know, we spoke about,
+
+195
+00:13:30,260 --> 00:13:32,620
+like, two different words, and this is what we
+
+196
+00:13:32,620 --> 00:13:35,420
+have in the poem. It's a word of the past
+
+197
+00:13:35,420 --> 00:13:39,640
+represented by, like, a group of people getting
+
+198
+00:13:39,640 --> 00:13:43,560
+together, and you have a senior telling them the
+
+199
+00:13:43,560 --> 00:13:48,600
+story about the miracles of the birth of Jesus
+
+200
+00:13:48,600 --> 00:13:52,200
+Christ. The reaction of the people was there. You
+
+201
+00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:58,630
+know, they... They believed that and nobody
+
+202
+00:13:58,630 --> 00:14:02,570
+suspected that. You know, all of them took it for
+
+203
+00:14:02,570 --> 00:14:05,850
+granted. You know, nobody suspected that. However,
+
+204
+00:14:06,590 --> 00:14:11,710
+like, you know, the poet spoke about nowadays, you
+
+205
+00:14:11,710 --> 00:14:13,910
+know, spoke about the present when he say these
+
+206
+00:14:13,910 --> 00:14:18,920
+years and the case was completely different. So
+
+207
+00:14:18,920 --> 00:14:22,220
+far, a fence if you would weave. In these years, I
+
+208
+00:14:22,220 --> 00:14:26,280
+feel if someone said on a Christmas Eve, come see
+
+209
+00:14:26,280 --> 00:14:30,200
+the oxen, you know, kneel, I would go with him.
+
+210
+00:14:30,740 --> 00:14:33,600
+You know, it's not like we pictured, you know,
+
+211
+00:14:33,700 --> 00:14:36,580
+it's not like we believe. I would go with him and
+
+212
+00:14:36,580 --> 00:14:39,100
+tell him, okay, will you show me? You know, I
+
+213
+00:14:39,100 --> 00:14:40,860
+don't trust you. I don't believe what you say.
+
+214
+00:14:41,140 --> 00:14:45,400
+Will you show me? So this is the whole poem. Now,
+
+215
+00:14:46,410 --> 00:14:50,630
+We want, as you see, the poem falls in two parts.
+
+216
+00:14:51,390 --> 00:14:55,650
+The first and the second stanza represent the
+
+217
+00:14:55,650 --> 00:15:01,710
+past, and the third and the fourth represent the
+
+218
+00:15:01,710 --> 00:15:08,510
+present. Now, we want to look at the pronouns, for
+
+219
+00:15:08,510 --> 00:15:14,220
+example. to look at the syntactic structure, to
+
+220
+00:15:14,220 --> 00:15:18,400
+look at the tenses, to look at, you know, the
+
+221
+00:15:18,400 --> 00:15:21,740
+verbs themselves, the kind of verbs, to look at
+
+222
+00:15:21,740 --> 00:15:25,280
+the lexical choices, and to compare and to
+
+223
+00:15:25,280 --> 00:15:29,800
+contrast. For example, if we look at the pronouns,
+
+224
+00:15:30,680 --> 00:15:34,080
+you know, in the first tense, what kind of
+
+225
+00:15:34,080 --> 00:15:35,080
+pronouns we find?
+
+226
+00:15:37,930 --> 00:15:49,370
+pronouns like they you know we okay they again so
+
+227
+00:15:49,370 --> 00:15:52,110
+what are these nouns or what are these pronouns
+
+228
+00:15:52,110 --> 00:15:59,090
+plural okay if you go to the you know what are the
+
+229
+00:15:59,090 --> 00:16:04,310
+pronouns I now this is something we can observe
+
+230
+00:16:05,430 --> 00:16:08,670
+Can you account for this? Can you explain this? So
+
+231
+00:16:08,670 --> 00:16:14,770
+what? Can you give meaning to this? Yes, please.
+
+232
+00:16:19,290 --> 00:16:21,870
+Okay, yes.
+
+233
+00:16:25,570 --> 00:16:32,030
+Yes. So, yes, like the plurality of the pronoun
+
+234
+00:16:32,030 --> 00:16:37,020
+or, you know, the plural pronouns. indicate a word
+
+235
+00:16:37,020 --> 00:16:42,020
+of cooperation, a sense of collectiveness, a sense
+
+236
+00:16:42,020 --> 00:16:48,460
+of community. So the past was you know, a
+
+237
+00:16:48,460 --> 00:16:52,120
+collective society. The past was a society of
+
+238
+00:16:52,120 --> 00:16:55,660
+people getting together. However, today, the
+
+239
+00:16:55,660 --> 00:16:58,480
+present, you know, and this is the Victorian, you
+
+240
+00:16:58,480 --> 00:17:01,680
+know, the late Victorian age, it is a world of
+
+241
+00:17:01,680 --> 00:17:04,840
+individualism. It is a world of, you know,
+
+242
+00:17:04,920 --> 00:17:07,560
+selfishness. Okay, so this is clear.
+
+243
+00:17:11,220 --> 00:17:14,020
+What about the verbs? The verbs.
+
+244
+00:17:17,020 --> 00:17:17,960
+You look at the verbs.
+
+245
+00:17:22,960 --> 00:17:23,420
+Yes.
+
+246
+00:17:26,520 --> 00:17:32,880
+Yes. Past tenses. And how did he talk about the
+
+247
+00:17:32,880 --> 00:17:36,830
+past? Like, he talked about the past in a very
+
+248
+00:17:36,830 --> 00:17:40,510
+clear way, like somebody, like, we sat, we
+
+249
+00:17:40,510 --> 00:17:45,090
+pictured. So he was describing a very, you know,
+
+250
+00:17:45,730 --> 00:17:48,770
+let's say positive word, a very romantic word
+
+251
+00:17:48,770 --> 00:17:52,190
+where people cooperated, got together, and they
+
+252
+00:17:52,190 --> 00:17:54,970
+enjoyed themselves around the fire site.
+
+253
+00:17:59,870 --> 00:18:07,070
+But here, in the present, You see? What are these
+
+254
+00:18:07,070 --> 00:18:14,090
+verbs? Model verbs. And okay, so model verbs have
+
+255
+00:18:14,090 --> 00:18:20,770
+to do with what? Skepticism, why? I know like this
+
+256
+00:18:20,770 --> 00:18:23,410
+is what you found in like the stylistic analysis,
+
+257
+00:18:23,610 --> 00:18:27,030
+but why? Why skepticism? What are the model verbs?
+
+258
+00:18:27,510 --> 00:18:29,770
+Why do we call, what are the model verbs?
+
+259
+00:18:32,590 --> 00:18:37,390
+Okay, what do we call the modal verbs? Modality.
+
+260
+00:18:37,610 --> 00:18:38,270
+What is modality?
+
+261
+00:18:42,490 --> 00:18:45,550
+A personal point of view. A personal point of
+
+262
+00:18:45,550 --> 00:18:47,250
+view. Could you elaborate a little bit? Thank you
+
+263
+00:18:47,250 --> 00:18:54,550
+very much. So when I use, you know, like a modal
+
+264
+00:18:54,550 --> 00:18:57,890
+verb, it means I'm expressing a personal point of
+
+265
+00:18:57,890 --> 00:18:59,170
+view. How?
+
+266
+00:19:07,350 --> 00:19:09,230
+I feel okay.
+
+267
+00:19:13,670 --> 00:19:13,670
+Yes,
+
+268
+00:19:17,630 --> 00:19:25,090
+like for example, he must be outside or she must
+
+269
+00:19:25,090 --> 00:19:33,290
+be sick. It will rain. You know, you are talking
+
+270
+00:19:33,290 --> 00:19:38,730
+about things in a very uncertain manner. So the
+
+271
+00:19:38,730 --> 00:19:44,010
+model verbs have to do with uncertainty. You know,
+
+272
+00:19:44,070 --> 00:19:46,190
+uncertainty or doubt. Yes?
+
+273
+00:19:55,950 --> 00:19:59,430
+Yeah, like, you know, even like the word hope,
+
+274
+00:19:59,990 --> 00:20:03,090
+hoping it might be so, there is uncertainty, the
+
+275
+00:20:03,090 --> 00:20:06,930
+word hoping it might be so. So yes, we're moving
+
+276
+00:20:06,930 --> 00:20:12,390
+from a sense of certainty to a sense of
+
+277
+00:20:12,390 --> 00:20:18,330
+uncertainty, to a sense of, you know, like clarity
+
+278
+00:20:18,330 --> 00:20:21,010
+to a sense of ambiguity. You see what I mean?
+
+279
+00:20:21,670 --> 00:20:21,950
+Good.
+
+280
+00:20:26,190 --> 00:20:31,650
+Also, if we look at the syntactic choices, you
+
+281
+00:20:31,650 --> 00:20:35,490
+know what means syntactic? The words. The words.
+
+282
+00:20:39,150 --> 00:20:44,010
+What do you think? The words.
+
+283
+00:20:47,610 --> 00:20:54,510
+And even like, have you like compared between here
+
+284
+00:20:56,190 --> 00:20:59,550
+Christmas Eve and 12 of the clock, they are all on
+
+285
+00:20:59,550 --> 00:21:05,330
+their knees and elder said, as we sat. The word
+
+286
+00:21:05,330 --> 00:21:11,790
+elder is contrasted with the word someone,
+
+287
+00:21:12,430 --> 00:21:17,890
+if someone. Like in the past, the speaker was a
+
+288
+00:21:17,890 --> 00:21:23,190
+senior person. Nowadays, the speaker is someone.
+
+289
+00:21:23,850 --> 00:21:29,240
+So, Can you, like, try to give meaning to this?
+
+290
+00:21:30,340 --> 00:21:34,590
+Yes, Hidayat, your idea, you are In the past,
+
+291
+00:21:34,690 --> 00:21:38,350
+other people, wise people, who had enough
+
+292
+00:21:38,350 --> 00:21:41,810
+experience to speak, they had the right to stand
+
+293
+00:21:41,810 --> 00:21:46,610
+up and express everybody's mind. But nowadays, a
+
+294
+00:21:46,610 --> 00:21:51,370
+young person, a man who is unqualified, anyone, we
+
+295
+00:21:51,370 --> 00:21:54,250
+call it in Arabic as our Prophet Muhammad said,
+
+296
+00:21:54,490 --> 00:22:00,670
+Arwaidullah. Anyone can speak for himself or even
+
+297
+00:22:00,670 --> 00:22:03,990
+for the public. Yeah, you're right. So in the
+
+298
+00:22:03,990 --> 00:22:09,050
+past, yes, you know, an elder, an elder, an elder,
+
+299
+00:22:09,450 --> 00:22:13,940
+it has You know, like this positive connotation.
+
+300
+00:22:14,600 --> 00:22:16,700
+When we are talking about an elder, we are talking
+
+301
+00:22:16,700 --> 00:22:20,880
+about a word where seniority was respected, where
+
+302
+00:22:20,880 --> 00:22:24,740
+wisdom was appreciated. However, you know, when we
+
+303
+00:22:24,740 --> 00:22:27,180
+are talking about someone, it is indefinite
+
+304
+00:22:27,180 --> 00:22:33,560
+pronoun. It signals like some feeling of a
+
+305
+00:22:33,560 --> 00:22:36,940
+respect, lack of wisdom, rashness, someone. You
+
+306
+00:22:36,940 --> 00:22:41,530
+see what I mean? So there is difference. A person
+
+307
+00:22:41,530 --> 00:22:44,390
+who is lacking a qualification. Thank you very
+
+308
+00:22:44,390 --> 00:22:48,190
+much for that. Yes? of the community structure,
+
+309
+00:22:48,410 --> 00:22:51,990
+like before the community revolved around having
+
+310
+00:22:51,990 --> 00:22:54,950
+the people and the elders telling them this and
+
+311
+00:22:54,950 --> 00:22:58,390
+that. And some of the people that took this poem
+
+312
+00:22:58,390 --> 00:23:02,130
+to be an attack on losing faith in religion or
+
+313
+00:23:02,130 --> 00:23:06,490
+saying, some interpretation said that, he's saying
+
+314
+00:23:06,490 --> 00:23:08,830
+that you shouldn't take anything for granted and
+
+315
+00:23:08,830 --> 00:23:11,710
+it's a superstition. So maybe he's saying, for
+
+316
+00:23:11,710 --> 00:23:14,930
+example, that Now like anybody can see and think
+
+317
+00:23:14,930 --> 00:23:17,670
+for himself, but before you just take it from the
+
+318
+00:23:17,670 --> 00:23:19,610
+elders and take it for granted without even
+
+319
+00:23:19,610 --> 00:23:22,590
+thinking. It can be true, it can be superstition.
+
+320
+00:23:22,880 --> 00:23:25,980
+Yeah, so the reaction, you know, again, like, you
+
+321
+00:23:25,980 --> 00:23:31,080
+know, what some, what, like, a senior person said
+
+322
+00:23:31,080 --> 00:23:34,900
+in the past was taken for granted, was, you know,
+
+323
+00:23:35,160 --> 00:23:39,780
+embraced without questioning, or nowadays, because
+
+324
+00:23:39,780 --> 00:23:42,880
+of increasing feeling of uncertainty. And
+
+325
+00:23:42,880 --> 00:23:45,100
+nowadays, like, the uncertainty, the skepticism,
+
+326
+00:23:45,220 --> 00:23:47,810
+the individualism, we're talking about what? the
+
+327
+00:23:47,810 --> 00:23:50,750
+late Victorian age. It was the age, you know, we
+
+328
+00:23:50,750 --> 00:23:54,210
+talk about when we, like, if you remember in the
+
+329
+00:23:54,210 --> 00:23:57,730
+lecture before the previous lecture, we talk
+
+330
+00:23:57,730 --> 00:24:02,450
+about, like, the, I mean, Dover Beach, and we saw
+
+331
+00:24:02,450 --> 00:24:06,370
+how Matthew Arnold was complaining because of the
+
+332
+00:24:06,370 --> 00:24:09,190
+uncertainty, because of the skepticism, and we
+
+333
+00:24:09,190 --> 00:24:12,310
+said that it was because of, like, the changes in
+
+334
+00:24:12,310 --> 00:24:15,040
+society, because of Darwin theory, because of, You
+
+335
+00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:18,720
+know, the withdrawal of religion. So here we are
+
+336
+00:24:18,720 --> 00:24:23,200
+trying to see how Hardy was conscious of that
+
+337
+00:24:23,200 --> 00:24:27,020
+changing world. It wasn't changing. And indeed,
+
+338
+00:24:27,360 --> 00:24:32,180
+like he was right, because after him, as he said,
+
+339
+00:24:32,740 --> 00:24:36,720
+the war, like perhaps ten years after this poem,
+
+340
+00:24:37,720 --> 00:24:41,240
+the first war started and, you know, it ended up
+
+341
+00:24:41,240 --> 00:24:45,780
+with massacres, bloodshed, and the human or the...
+
+342
+00:24:48,370 --> 00:24:53,270
+The sea of faith was very shrinking, very
+
+343
+00:24:53,270 --> 00:24:58,570
+withdrawing, withdrawing to the limit. Good. You
+
+344
+00:24:58,570 --> 00:25:03,790
+know someone and they are not the only words. We
+
+345
+00:25:03,790 --> 00:25:07,350
+have words, more words. Okay, what do you think of
+
+346
+00:25:07,350 --> 00:25:14,530
+like Embers, Christmas Eve and 12 of the clock?
+
+347
+00:25:15,200 --> 00:25:18,820
+They are all on their knees and elders sat in the
+
+348
+00:25:18,820 --> 00:25:22,320
+flock. What is a flock? Is it positive or
+
+349
+00:25:22,320 --> 00:25:27,840
+negative? It's like a crowd, you know? Flock, like
+
+350
+00:25:27,840 --> 00:25:31,900
+a herd, you know? And this is, you know, in
+
+351
+00:25:31,900 --> 00:25:34,080
+Christianity they called it, it's a biblical word.
+
+352
+00:25:34,600 --> 00:25:39,960
+Because Jesus thought of himself as what? a
+
+353
+00:25:39,960 --> 00:25:43,720
+shepherd and the people were the flocks you know
+
+354
+00:25:43,720 --> 00:25:47,880
+this is the sheep or the flock so here yes it's a
+
+355
+00:25:47,880 --> 00:25:54,680
+biblical word and look here we meek mild creatures
+
+356
+00:25:54,680 --> 00:25:59,420
+again meek and mild yeah it's a paradox because
+
+357
+00:25:59,420 --> 00:26:03,340
+you know we know that there's a paradox isn't it
+
+358
+00:26:03,340 --> 00:26:09,830
+it's a paradox Yeah, because we know that the oxen
+
+359
+00:26:09,830 --> 00:26:14,130
+are very wild, but here the meek, because of the
+
+360
+00:26:14,130 --> 00:26:17,190
+effect of the birth, because it was a cosmic
+
+361
+00:26:17,190 --> 00:26:22,750
+phenomenon. But meek, mild creatures, like Jesus
+
+362
+00:26:22,750 --> 00:26:26,650
+was referred to as a meek, mild, meek, very soft,
+
+363
+00:26:26,750 --> 00:26:31,110
+very gentle, very kind. Again, these are biblical
+
+364
+00:26:31,110 --> 00:26:37,210
+words. They are words which have to do with the
+
+365
+00:26:37,210 --> 00:26:42,350
+sense of clarity and the sense of simplicity. They
+
+366
+00:26:42,350 --> 00:26:44,690
+are simple words, but if you go,
+
+367
+00:26:49,810 --> 00:26:57,570
+look here, so far fancy, fancy unreal things. Even
+
+368
+00:26:57,570 --> 00:27:03,530
+look at the alliteration. So fancy, you know? It's
+
+369
+00:27:03,530 --> 00:27:07,090
+very disgusting, very, you know, somebody like
+
+370
+00:27:07,090 --> 00:27:11,810
+he's not happy, you know? And in these years, I
+
+371
+00:27:11,810 --> 00:27:14,210
+feel if someone said on Christmas Eve, come see
+
+372
+00:27:14,210 --> 00:27:18,910
+the oxen kneel in the lonely barton here, we
+
+373
+00:27:18,910 --> 00:27:23,590
+started, what is a barton? What is a barton? Did
+
+374
+00:27:23,590 --> 00:27:26,730
+you check this word? Did you check up this word in
+
+375
+00:27:26,730 --> 00:27:27,170
+the dictionary?
+
+376
+00:27:32,330 --> 00:27:36,690
+Okay, I understand that you are not investing your
+
+377
+00:27:36,690 --> 00:27:44,370
+time, guys. I said you should prepare. Your eyes
+
+378
+00:27:44,370 --> 00:27:48,170
+are telling me that you have not spent much time
+
+379
+00:27:48,170 --> 00:27:51,710
+on this poem, even though you have a stylistic
+
+380
+00:27:51,710 --> 00:27:58,450
+analysis of the poem in your reader. Okay? But let
+
+381
+00:27:58,450 --> 00:28:04,730
+me, Barton means a shed, a shed, you know, like a
+
+382
+00:28:04,730 --> 00:28:07,350
+cow shed, you know, it's a place where you keep
+
+383
+00:28:07,350 --> 00:28:11,430
+the animals. But like this is not everyday
+
+384
+00:28:11,430 --> 00:28:17,110
+language, it is Barton, cou, by under cou, cou
+
+385
+00:28:17,110 --> 00:28:20,330
+it's a valley. Like look, even if you go to the
+
+386
+00:28:20,330 --> 00:28:23,930
+dictionary, you will not find gloom, gloom, oo.
+
+387
+00:28:24,810 --> 00:28:28,370
+hoping it might be so. So these words are
+
+388
+00:28:28,370 --> 00:28:35,470
+intricate words. They are even archaic words, and
+
+389
+00:28:35,470 --> 00:28:39,010
+they are dissonant with their sound.
+
+390
+00:28:41,970 --> 00:28:45,510
+A last thing I want to talk about in this poem is
+
+391
+00:28:45,510 --> 00:28:46,430
+the sentence structure.
+
+392
+00:28:49,380 --> 00:28:53,520
+Okay, if you look at the sentence structure, or in
+
+393
+00:28:53,520 --> 00:29:01,380
+the first two stanzas, you find that... Okay, how
+
+394
+00:29:01,380 --> 00:29:04,900
+many types of sentences do we have? It's a good
+
+395
+00:29:04,900 --> 00:29:07,760
+grammar question. How many types of sentences do
+
+396
+00:29:07,760 --> 00:29:12,520
+we have? Three? Or four? Four, okay, thank you.
+
+397
+00:29:12,960 --> 00:29:18,900
+Symbol? Compound? Complex? compound and complex
+
+398
+00:29:18,900 --> 00:29:21,840
+okay can you give me an example of a simple
+
+399
+00:29:21,840 --> 00:29:29,380
+sentence okay good she is lazy thank you they are
+
+400
+00:29:29,380 --> 00:29:32,720
+lazy okay can you give me an example of a compound
+
+401
+00:29:32,720 --> 00:29:36,880
+sentence she
+
+402
+00:29:36,880 --> 00:29:43,660
+is lazy but smart she is lazy but smart okay can
+
+403
+00:29:43,660 --> 00:29:45,540
+you give me an example of a complex sentence
+
+404
+00:29:48,120 --> 00:29:54,060
+Although she's lazy, she's smart. Okay, thank you.
+
+405
+00:29:54,960 --> 00:30:04,080
+Now, if you look here at the sentences in like
+
+406
+00:30:04,080 --> 00:30:07,000
+Christmas Eve and 12 o'clock, now they are all on
+
+407
+00:30:07,000 --> 00:30:11,180
+their knees. It is what? It is simple. An elder
+
+408
+00:30:11,180 --> 00:30:18,120
+said, as we sat in a flock, like this is what? An
+
+409
+00:30:18,120 --> 00:30:22,180
+elderson as
+
+410
+00:30:22,180 --> 00:30:27,180
+we sat in the flock. Complex. Complex. But it is
+
+411
+00:30:27,180 --> 00:30:31,960
+like, it's not, you know, it is complex, yes, but
+
+412
+00:30:31,960 --> 00:30:36,780
+it is not very intricate. You know? So here, you
+
+413
+00:30:36,780 --> 00:30:41,120
+have, we pictured, you know, the meek, mild
+
+414
+00:30:41,120 --> 00:30:43,740
+creatures where they dwelt. It's, you know, a
+
+415
+00:30:43,740 --> 00:30:50,590
+relative close. It's another one. It's a compound.
+
+416
+00:30:51,130 --> 00:30:54,890
+So usually compound complex. But what about the
+
+417
+00:30:54,890 --> 00:31:03,190
+sentence structure in I feel. I feel happy. But I
+
+418
+00:31:03,190 --> 00:31:06,890
+feel happy is a symbol. But here, do we have this
+
+419
+00:31:06,890 --> 00:31:13,950
+symbol, you know, sentence structure? I feel. It
+
+420
+00:31:13,950 --> 00:31:16,690
+is interrupted, like, because I feel you don't
+
+421
+00:31:16,690 --> 00:31:20,870
+have the compliment. I feel if someone, so this is
+
+422
+00:31:20,870 --> 00:31:25,690
+what they, it is what we call embedded close. If I
+
+423
+00:31:25,690 --> 00:31:31,890
+feel if someone, you know, said on a Christmas
+
+424
+00:31:31,890 --> 00:31:35,610
+Eve, it's a conditional sentence. And the
+
+425
+00:31:35,610 --> 00:31:39,350
+conditional sentences, if you remember, they have
+
+426
+00:31:39,350 --> 00:31:43,220
+to do with what? A feeling of certainty or
+
+427
+00:31:43,220 --> 00:31:45,680
+uncertainty? Uncertainty. Uncertainty. You know,
+
+428
+00:31:45,720 --> 00:31:49,300
+again, we have this is reflected. If someone, look
+
+429
+00:31:49,300 --> 00:31:52,560
+here, the merry-go-round is interrupted by a
+
+430
+00:31:52,560 --> 00:31:55,440
+conditional close. If someone said on Christmas
+
+431
+00:31:55,440 --> 00:32:04,620
+Eve, come see the oxen kneel. Okay? In the lonely
+
+432
+00:32:04,620 --> 00:32:09,660
+Barton, if someone sits on a Christmas Eve, we
+
+433
+00:32:09,660 --> 00:32:13,700
+don't have, you know, come see the oxen kneel. We
+
+434
+00:32:13,700 --> 00:32:20,220
+don't have the second part of if sentence. So, and
+
+435
+00:32:20,220 --> 00:32:25,660
+this come on, you know, see the oxen kneel, it is
+
+436
+00:32:25,660 --> 00:32:31,670
+an hour close. You come, said, come on, it is the
+
+437
+00:32:31,670 --> 00:32:36,210
+object of the verb said. If someone said, what do
+
+438
+00:32:36,210 --> 00:32:39,810
+you say, come and see. So it's you come and see,
+
+439
+00:32:39,890 --> 00:32:43,570
+it is a noun close. In the lonely Barton, again,
+
+440
+00:32:43,670 --> 00:32:46,390
+we don't have look here, how intricate is the
+
+441
+00:32:46,390 --> 00:32:50,310
+sentence structure. It is very complicated. In the
+
+442
+00:32:50,310 --> 00:32:53,410
+lonely Barton by Yondersoo, our childhood used to
+
+443
+00:32:53,410 --> 00:32:59,530
+know. It's another close. You know, in The Lonely
+
+444
+00:32:59,530 --> 00:33:06,190
+Barton, this is an adverb of place, then you have
+
+445
+00:33:06,190 --> 00:33:11,150
+adjective close, and still we are waiting, you
+
+446
+00:33:11,150 --> 00:33:15,310
+know, the object of I feel or the predicate of I
+
+447
+00:33:15,310 --> 00:33:19,030
+feel, it is not there. It is very intricate, very
+
+448
+00:33:19,030 --> 00:33:23,210
+complicated sentence structure. Our childhood used
+
+449
+00:33:23,210 --> 00:33:27,150
+to know What kind of clues is this? Our childhood
+
+450
+00:33:27,150 --> 00:33:27,790
+used to know.
+
+451
+00:33:32,650 --> 00:33:36,830
+In the lonely barton by yonder coom, our childhood
+
+452
+00:33:36,830 --> 00:33:48,430
+used to know. It is adjective clues. You know,
+
+453
+00:33:48,970 --> 00:33:52,290
+which like in the lonely barton by yonder coom,
+
+454
+00:33:52,690 --> 00:33:57,570
+which Our childhood used to know. You see what I
+
+455
+00:33:57,570 --> 00:34:01,470
+mean? It's an adjective close. Yes, it is reduced
+
+456
+00:34:01,470 --> 00:34:05,290
+adjective close. It's not reduced. We have what we
+
+457
+00:34:05,290 --> 00:34:11,910
+call ellipses. It is not reduced. We have ellipses
+
+458
+00:34:11,910 --> 00:34:14,550
+which, you know, for example, this is the book
+
+459
+00:34:14,550 --> 00:34:19,920
+that I read. This is the book I read. The reduce
+
+460
+00:34:19,920 --> 00:34:23,920
+is like this. The man, you know, talking to his
+
+461
+00:34:23,920 --> 00:34:28,180
+wife is losing his mind. You know, this is like an
+
+462
+00:34:28,180 --> 00:34:33,900
+example of, okay, good. But again, used to, what
+
+463
+00:34:33,900 --> 00:34:36,800
+is used to? It is what?
+
+464
+00:34:39,620 --> 00:34:44,040
+Yeah, but what kind of verb is this? It's a modal
+
+465
+00:34:44,040 --> 00:34:49,020
+verb. Thank you. Why is it a modal verb? Yeah,
+
+466
+00:34:49,140 --> 00:34:51,740
+it's I used to. It's like other used to, I used to
+
+467
+00:34:51,740 --> 00:34:56,780
+do something. I used not to do that. Or sometimes
+
+468
+00:34:56,780 --> 00:35:00,520
+I say I didn't use. It's again a modal verb, you
+
+469
+00:35:00,520 --> 00:35:03,560
+know, which we might use in our analysis. So what
+
+470
+00:35:03,560 --> 00:35:07,680
+I want to say, and then I should go with him. If
+
+471
+00:35:07,680 --> 00:35:13,040
+somebody, this is like, the second part of the
+
+472
+00:35:13,040 --> 00:35:16,280
+conditional sentence, and then hoping it might be
+
+473
+00:35:16,280 --> 00:35:20,300
+so, this is the predicate of I feel, hoping it
+
+474
+00:35:20,300 --> 00:35:25,120
+might be so. As you see, it's a very strange poem,
+
+475
+00:35:25,200 --> 00:35:28,840
+isn't it? But look how stylistic analysis is very
+
+476
+00:35:28,840 --> 00:35:31,540
+useful.
+
+477
+00:35:32,900 --> 00:35:37,760
+Now we used, we manipulated the stylistic analysis
+
+478
+00:35:37,760 --> 00:35:45,490
+in exploring the deep meaning of the poem. And,
+
+479
+00:35:45,530 --> 00:35:49,570
+you know, all what I said, or not all what I said,
+
+480
+00:35:49,790 --> 00:35:54,010
+some of it you might find in the reader. If you
+
+481
+00:35:54,010 --> 00:35:57,350
+go, I left for you in the appendices, in the
+
+482
+00:35:57,350 --> 00:36:00,670
+appendices at the back of the, you know, something
+
+483
+00:36:00,670 --> 00:36:05,150
+called stylistic analysis of the oxen. So read it.
+
+484
+00:36:06,230 --> 00:36:11,210
+And if you have any question about this, we can
+
+485
+00:36:11,210 --> 00:36:14,450
+discuss it next time. So next time I'm not giving
+
+486
+00:36:14,450 --> 00:36:19,210
+you a new poem. It would be like further
+
+487
+00:36:19,210 --> 00:36:24,210
+discussion of this poem. And it's a general
+
+488
+00:36:24,210 --> 00:36:31,190
+discussion before we proceed and do like the war
+
+489
+00:36:31,190 --> 00:36:37,200
+poetry, Wilfred Owen, Futility. Okay, do you have
+
+490
+00:36:37,200 --> 00:36:41,860
+any question? Thank you for listening and see you
+
+491
+00:36:41,860 --> 00:36:42,260
+next time.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZ52Wxrug71SHLnFjqhlVJc/y6poXfN1NuI_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1988 @@
+1
+00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:20,240
+Okay, good morning everybody. How are you? Good. I
+
+2
+00:00:20,240 --> 00:00:23,660
+think you are excited because the weekend is
+
+3
+00:00:23,660 --> 00:00:24,100
+imminent.
+
+4
+00:00:26,810 --> 00:00:30,450
+Last time, we had a nice debate in this class. And
+
+5
+00:00:30,450 --> 00:00:35,390
+I think most of you watched the video to see
+
+6
+00:00:35,390 --> 00:00:40,410
+yourself debating. And some of you were gratified.
+
+7
+00:00:41,350 --> 00:00:44,450
+Others were embarrassed. I don't know. But let's
+
+8
+00:00:44,450 --> 00:00:47,150
+see somebody who is going to report, somebody who
+
+9
+00:00:47,150 --> 00:00:51,840
+watched. Like, he was not attendant. He did not
+
+10
+00:00:51,840 --> 00:00:55,260
+attend the class, but watched the video at home. I
+
+11
+00:00:55,260 --> 00:00:57,860
+don't know how she received it. Let's see. Good.
+
+12
+00:01:01,660 --> 00:01:04,260
+Before talking about my last lecture, I want to
+
+13
+00:01:04,260 --> 00:01:06,540
+say that I really like my friends' reports,
+
+14
+00:01:06,980 --> 00:01:09,140
+especially the poetic one, which I don't have the
+
+15
+00:01:09,140 --> 00:01:12,320
+skill to write on. Coming back to the lecture, I
+
+16
+00:01:12,320 --> 00:01:14,780
+like the doctor method in dividing us into groups
+
+17
+00:01:14,780 --> 00:01:18,580
+supporting two different attitudes. If I were in
+
+18
+00:01:18,580 --> 00:01:21,320
+the class, I will not be in any part. I will be in
+
+19
+00:01:21,320 --> 00:01:26,400
+the middle side. I'm right. I am with a poet. And
+
+20
+00:01:26,400 --> 00:01:29,620
+at the same time, I am against him. Because with
+
+21
+00:01:29,620 --> 00:01:34,760
+the So you are ambivalent. Yes. Ambivalent. Going
+
+22
+00:01:34,760 --> 00:01:39,140
+with him, he went here to go with him and living
+
+23
+00:01:39,140 --> 00:01:42,200
+with him in the lovely peaceful atmosphere without
+
+24
+00:01:42,200 --> 00:01:44,400
+any problems, without complaining from anything.
+
+25
+00:01:44,860 --> 00:01:47,960
+On the contrary, this is away from our Islamic
+
+26
+00:01:47,960 --> 00:01:50,940
+perspective at the same time and culture, and
+
+27
+00:01:50,940 --> 00:01:53,400
+there is no life without problems. I would like to
+
+28
+00:01:53,400 --> 00:01:55,960
+say that the poet's idealism destroyed his
+
+29
+00:01:55,960 --> 00:01:59,140
+message. In other words, this idealism prevented
+
+30
+00:01:59,140 --> 00:02:01,800
+him from delivering his message. Good, thank you
+
+31
+00:02:01,800 --> 00:02:06,100
+very much. Okay. Good. We need to listen to
+
+32
+00:02:06,100 --> 00:02:06,920
+another report.
+
+33
+00:02:09,880 --> 00:02:13,200
+I think you reported last time? No. Okay, good. Go
+
+34
+00:02:13,200 --> 00:02:16,820
+ahead. I'm sorry, I know there are wonderful
+
+35
+00:02:16,820 --> 00:02:19,580
+reports, but we cannot give that chance to
+
+36
+00:02:19,580 --> 00:02:23,440
+everybody, you know? The last lecture was very
+
+37
+00:02:23,440 --> 00:02:25,600
+distinguished one. It had a special flavor.
+
+38
+00:02:26,460 --> 00:02:27,400
+First... You come here.
+
+39
+00:02:30,590 --> 00:02:33,490
+First, we began with a new poem called, To His
+
+40
+00:02:33,490 --> 00:02:36,330
+Love, for Christopher Marlowe. Dr. Habib started
+
+41
+00:02:36,330 --> 00:02:38,970
+to ask us about the poem and its theme. The
+
+42
+00:02:38,970 --> 00:02:41,370
+lecture was full of interaction and participation.
+
+43
+00:02:41,970 --> 00:02:44,670
+Then Dr. Habib suggested to make a new practical
+
+44
+00:02:44,670 --> 00:02:49,090
+activity, a debate. We made a wonderful debate
+
+45
+00:02:49,090 --> 00:02:52,230
+talking about the atmosphere of the poem, To His
+
+46
+00:02:52,230 --> 00:02:56,490
+Love. At last, the lecture ended and we separated
+
+47
+00:02:56,490 --> 00:02:59,610
+to attend the other classes. Good, thank you.
+
+48
+00:03:06,690 --> 00:03:07,330
+Now.
+
+49
+00:03:12,490 --> 00:03:17,890
+What's wrong with this computer? Good, let's see.
+
+50
+00:03:18,190 --> 00:03:22,050
+Today we are going to see the aesthetics of the
+
+51
+00:03:22,050 --> 00:03:26,530
+thought. You know, the elements of view. Let's
+
+52
+00:03:26,530 --> 00:03:32,070
+say, have you read the poem aloud? Okay. How did
+
+53
+00:03:32,070 --> 00:03:33,770
+you feel when you read it aloud? I don't know how
+
+54
+00:03:33,770 --> 00:03:41,430
+you read it. How did
+
+55
+00:03:41,430 --> 00:03:45,650
+it sound when you read it aloud? Was it poetic?
+
+56
+00:03:48,930 --> 00:03:55,130
+In what sense? Like, when you read it aloud? Did
+
+57
+00:03:55,130 --> 00:03:58,730
+it like amuse you in a sense or not? Were you
+
+58
+00:03:58,730 --> 00:04:03,970
+amused or you were not? Yes, let's see.
+
+59
+00:04:06,830 --> 00:04:17,090
+So you
+
+60
+00:04:17,090 --> 00:04:21,390
+want to say that you were impressed by the images
+
+61
+00:04:21,390 --> 00:04:21,850
+itself.
+
+62
+00:04:31,910 --> 00:04:36,750
+Can somebody, like, get it? Okay, just Google and
+
+63
+00:04:36,750 --> 00:04:43,950
+the poem. Good. So, you like the images? I think,
+
+64
+00:04:44,070 --> 00:04:46,030
+you know, this is very significant because we are
+
+65
+00:04:46,030 --> 00:04:50,710
+dealing with a kind of poetry which is called, you
+
+66
+00:04:50,710 --> 00:04:54,650
+know, or which is written in an Ovid fashion. And
+
+67
+00:04:54,650 --> 00:04:59,390
+when I say Ovid, well, it's like a Roman poet, you
+
+68
+00:04:59,390 --> 00:05:03,770
+know. For him, he believed in this doctrine that
+
+69
+00:05:03,770 --> 00:05:11,630
+poetry is painting, and painting is silent poetry.
+
+70
+00:05:12,210 --> 00:05:16,930
+So painting is speaking poetry, and poetry is
+
+71
+00:05:16,930 --> 00:05:23,070
+silent painting. Good. This is like what we see in
+
+72
+00:05:23,070 --> 00:05:26,250
+the poem. We see an image. Yes, you are right.
+
+73
+00:05:27,660 --> 00:05:33,360
+like the poet succeeded in appealing to our
+
+74
+00:05:33,360 --> 00:05:37,880
+senses, and in a sense, when we read the poem, we
+
+75
+00:05:37,880 --> 00:05:42,680
+enacted, like we succeeded to see in front of our
+
+76
+00:05:42,680 --> 00:05:46,800
+eyes, like the trees, the birds, we listened to
+
+77
+00:05:46,800 --> 00:05:50,000
+this, and perhaps that was the beauty of the poem.
+
+78
+00:05:50,780 --> 00:05:54,340
+Okay, other than this, what did you enjoy while
+
+79
+00:05:54,340 --> 00:05:57,920
+reading? Yes, please. When I read the poem, I
+
+80
+00:05:57,920 --> 00:06:01,920
+imagined the whole picture that the poet tries to
+
+81
+00:06:01,920 --> 00:06:07,180
+tell us about it or draw it to us. And when I read
+
+82
+00:06:07,180 --> 00:06:09,580
+it for the first time, I thought it had this code
+
+83
+00:06:09,580 --> 00:06:12,840
+of beauty inside the poem. Okay, so you were
+
+84
+00:06:12,840 --> 00:06:17,620
+impressed by the beauty. Good. Any other source of
+
+85
+00:06:17,620 --> 00:06:21,000
+fascination? Why are you fascinated with the poem?
+
+86
+00:06:22,220 --> 00:06:26,320
+It's because of its images. It's because of the
+
+87
+00:06:26,320 --> 00:06:31,000
+beauty there. You know, what else? The simple
+
+88
+00:06:31,000 --> 00:06:35,520
+language. You like its simplicity. So what do you
+
+89
+00:06:35,520 --> 00:06:39,160
+think this simplicity, you know, why is he writing
+
+90
+00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:42,840
+in a simple language? To make us understand.
+
+91
+00:06:43,500 --> 00:06:47,180
+Because, you know, let's say suppose he wrote his
+
+92
+00:06:47,180 --> 00:06:51,300
+poem in a cryptic manner, like the lady would not
+
+93
+00:06:51,300 --> 00:06:55,950
+respond. Okay, good. So, yes, it is very simple.
+
+94
+00:07:01,670 --> 00:07:05,930
+Yeah, because he's talking about pastoral life,
+
+95
+00:07:06,090 --> 00:07:09,050
+and in pastoral life, we expect that everything is
+
+96
+00:07:09,050 --> 00:07:12,470
+simple. So, you know, the simplicity of the style
+
+97
+00:07:12,470 --> 00:07:15,930
+has to do with the power. Good. Thank you.
+
+98
+00:07:21,130 --> 00:07:25,170
+because I feel as if I connect one word. So the
+
+99
+00:07:25,170 --> 00:07:29,010
+rhyme has this continuity, you know? Very good.
+
+100
+00:07:29,270 --> 00:07:32,650
+The rhyme, sometimes like it is masculine rhyme,
+
+101
+00:07:32,810 --> 00:07:37,330
+sometimes it is feminine rhyme, you know? And so
+
+102
+00:07:37,330 --> 00:07:39,430
+like, do you want to say that the poem was
+
+103
+00:07:39,430 --> 00:07:43,350
+musical? Did you feel like music? Have you tried
+
+104
+00:07:43,350 --> 00:07:45,450
+to read it as if it were a song?
+
+105
+00:07:48,820 --> 00:07:52,660
+Have you tried like that? Why? Because it turns
+
+106
+00:07:52,660 --> 00:07:58,200
+itself to music, you know? It's very musical. And
+
+107
+00:07:58,200 --> 00:08:01,060
+we all the pleasures grow and, you know, it goes.
+
+108
+00:08:01,500 --> 00:08:05,020
+If you want, I'm sure you can sing it easily. So
+
+109
+00:08:05,020 --> 00:08:09,220
+yes, this poem is musical. Now, let's see. Do you
+
+110
+00:08:09,220 --> 00:08:14,940
+like it for other reasons other than this? Okay.
+
+111
+00:08:15,460 --> 00:08:19,540
+Now, I think I like it because of, yes, He used
+
+112
+00:08:19,540 --> 00:08:25,260
+the simple language to convey his message as the
+
+113
+00:08:25,260 --> 00:08:28,440
+simplicity of the nature that he wanted to live
+
+114
+00:08:28,440 --> 00:08:30,260
+and stay on it.
+
+115
+00:08:32,680 --> 00:08:37,260
+Yes, so he wanted to match between the message and
+
+116
+00:08:37,260 --> 00:08:40,800
+the style. This is what he wanted to say. Good. I
+
+117
+00:08:40,800 --> 00:08:44,260
+think yes, come live with me. It's like, you know,
+
+118
+00:08:44,740 --> 00:08:47,240
+everyday language, come live with me and be my
+
+119
+00:08:47,240 --> 00:08:50,260
+love. I know this is very disturbing, but perhaps,
+
+120
+00:08:50,860 --> 00:08:53,800
+you know, like if you remember last time when you
+
+121
+00:08:53,800 --> 00:08:58,620
+were debating, Some thought that, you know, to his
+
+122
+00:08:58,620 --> 00:09:00,500
+love in the Elizabethan time, it means to his
+
+123
+00:09:00,500 --> 00:09:05,240
+wife. And we have a poem for Spencer when he, you
+
+124
+00:09:05,240 --> 00:09:07,620
+know, wrote one day, I wrote her name upon the
+
+125
+00:09:07,620 --> 00:09:11,300
+strand. So, and here again in the poem, we have an
+
+126
+00:09:11,300 --> 00:09:17,960
+indication of this chastity because the image of
+
+127
+00:09:17,960 --> 00:09:20,920
+Myrtle in Greek mythology has to do with
+
+128
+00:09:20,920 --> 00:09:25,800
+virginity. So he's talking about a very formal
+
+129
+00:09:25,800 --> 00:09:31,500
+matrimony. He's proposing to her formally. Later,
+
+130
+00:09:31,600 --> 00:09:35,180
+we'll see the Myrtle has to do with virginity. The
+
+131
+00:09:35,180 --> 00:09:39,760
+Myrtle has to do with formal marriage proposal. So
+
+132
+00:09:39,760 --> 00:09:46,630
+again, this would You know, like, not Rob, or this
+
+133
+00:09:46,630 --> 00:09:49,870
+would convince us that, you know, Marlow is not
+
+134
+00:09:49,870 --> 00:09:54,950
+bohemian. Marlow is not a poet who's, like, just
+
+135
+00:09:54,950 --> 00:09:58,550
+going to enjoy his life. No, he's very serious,
+
+136
+00:09:58,970 --> 00:10:03,310
+very serious. But there are other reasons. Now,
+
+137
+00:10:03,430 --> 00:10:08,030
+come live with me and be my love. I don't know how
+
+138
+00:10:08,030 --> 00:10:13,050
+would you read it. Suppose you make a scansion. So
+
+139
+00:10:13,050 --> 00:10:17,670
+how do you read? Come, I don't know, come, left,
+
+140
+00:10:18,230 --> 00:10:22,550
+is it like this? Come, left, come left, come left,
+
+141
+00:10:23,170 --> 00:10:29,470
+come left with me. Or I don't know, it could be
+
+142
+00:10:29,470 --> 00:10:31,870
+come left because this is what is happening at the
+
+143
+00:10:31,870 --> 00:10:37,080
+poem. I think the poem, you know, Come, come live
+
+144
+00:10:37,080 --> 00:10:41,540
+with me and be my love. It goes like this. Come
+
+145
+00:10:41,540 --> 00:10:44,820
+live with me and be my love. So right from the
+
+146
+00:10:44,820 --> 00:10:48,420
+very beginning, it is, you know, the choice is the
+
+147
+00:10:48,420 --> 00:10:52,240
+iambic tetrameter, which is very iambic
+
+148
+00:10:52,240 --> 00:10:57,610
+tetrameter. We have four stresses, you know, I
+
+149
+00:10:57,610 --> 00:11:02,730
+mean, four syllables, one stressed, you know, one
+
+150
+00:11:02,730 --> 00:11:06,070
+unstressed and stressed. Okay. Come live with me
+
+151
+00:11:06,070 --> 00:11:09,250
+and be my love. So we are talking about eight
+
+152
+00:11:09,250 --> 00:11:12,470
+syllables. And we said that the iambic is very
+
+153
+00:11:12,470 --> 00:11:15,290
+musical. I don't want to take you to the meter
+
+154
+00:11:15,290 --> 00:11:18,450
+now, but let's see the poem. What is he saying in
+
+155
+00:11:18,450 --> 00:11:23,400
+the poem? And we all the pleasures prove. that
+
+156
+00:11:23,400 --> 00:11:26,420
+hills and valleys, dale and field, and all the
+
+157
+00:11:26,420 --> 00:11:31,060
+craggy mountains yield. You know, I mean, these
+
+158
+00:11:31,060 --> 00:11:34,540
+consonants are disturbing, you know, I don't know,
+
+159
+00:11:34,900 --> 00:11:39,240
+because here it should be more musical, but he's
+
+160
+00:11:39,240 --> 00:11:49,470
+using craggy mountains, you know. The K sound
+
+161
+00:11:49,470 --> 00:11:55,870
+has to do with a sense of difficulty. But this
+
+162
+00:11:55,870 --> 00:11:58,510
+sense of difficulty, as you see, it is cancelled
+
+163
+00:11:58,510 --> 00:12:05,210
+with the yield itself. Everything is going to be
+
+164
+00:12:05,210 --> 00:12:10,370
+made smooth. Every obstacle will be surpassed.
+
+165
+00:12:11,870 --> 00:12:15,270
+Right from the very beginning, the invitation, you
+
+166
+00:12:15,270 --> 00:12:18,370
+know, is like, we all the pleasures prove, we're
+
+167
+00:12:18,370 --> 00:12:22,190
+going to enjoy ourselves in the countryside. And
+
+168
+00:12:22,190 --> 00:12:26,710
+we will all the pleasures prove. Look here at, you
+
+169
+00:12:26,710 --> 00:12:30,290
+know, the syntactical choice of the word will. The
+
+170
+00:12:30,290 --> 00:12:33,890
+verb will, you know, it's what? We use it to
+
+171
+00:12:33,890 --> 00:12:39,130
+express what? Future and promise. Because here,
+
+172
+00:12:39,730 --> 00:12:45,560
+now, This poem is full of persuasion. It has a
+
+173
+00:12:45,560 --> 00:12:50,560
+persuasive style. And persuasion is an art of
+
+174
+00:12:50,560 --> 00:12:52,600
+marketing. If you remember last time in the
+
+175
+00:12:52,600 --> 00:12:57,000
+debate, I wanted either team to persuade the other
+
+176
+00:12:57,000 --> 00:13:03,560
+about going or not going. That hills and valleys,
+
+177
+00:13:03,660 --> 00:13:06,260
+dale and field, and all the craggy mountains
+
+178
+00:13:06,260 --> 00:13:15,850
+yield. There, there, will we sit upon the rocks?
+
+179
+00:13:17,150 --> 00:13:20,310
+You know, like this inversion in grammar, you
+
+180
+00:13:20,310 --> 00:13:24,230
+know, I mean, there's inversion there because it's
+
+181
+00:13:24,230 --> 00:13:27,410
+a place. Usually it doesn't happen like this.
+
+182
+00:13:27,990 --> 00:13:31,690
+There, we will sit. But, you know, here he's
+
+183
+00:13:31,690 --> 00:13:34,610
+making inversion, he's deviating from grammatical
+
+184
+00:13:34,610 --> 00:13:38,610
+rule, and he's taking there as, you know, like,
+
+185
+00:13:39,210 --> 00:13:44,020
+you know, as a propositional phrase that, you
+
+186
+00:13:44,020 --> 00:13:48,000
+know, which is not, which indicates a place, for
+
+187
+00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:51,760
+example, beyond the mountain or beyond the
+
+188
+00:13:51,760 --> 00:13:55,520
+mountain lies the house. So this is possible, or
+
+189
+00:13:55,520 --> 00:13:58,320
+this is what happens in grammar. At the corner of
+
+190
+00:13:58,320 --> 00:14:03,940
+the street stands the policeman. Okay. There we
+
+191
+00:14:03,940 --> 00:14:08,220
+will set upon the rocks, we. Now, he's not talking
+
+192
+00:14:08,220 --> 00:14:13,190
+about himself, we. as if she agreed. And see the
+
+193
+00:14:13,190 --> 00:14:17,250
+shepherds feed their flocks. Very musical, rocks
+
+194
+00:14:17,250 --> 00:14:21,070
+and flocks. By shallow rivers to whose folds
+
+195
+00:14:21,070 --> 00:14:28,490
+melodious birds sing madrigals. Like here, as you
+
+196
+00:14:28,490 --> 00:14:35,330
+see folds and madrigals. Like he's using here What
+
+197
+00:14:35,330 --> 00:14:39,170
+is the rhyme? I mean, the rhyme, I mean, as you
+
+198
+00:14:39,170 --> 00:14:42,110
+see, love and proof, field and, you know, the
+
+199
+00:14:42,110 --> 00:14:46,390
+rhyme is what we call heroic couplet. Heroic
+
+200
+00:14:46,390 --> 00:14:49,410
+couplet. And you know, like, what is heroic
+
+201
+00:14:49,410 --> 00:14:53,610
+couplet? This is, you know, a rhyme which is, you
+
+202
+00:14:53,610 --> 00:14:55,910
+know, commonly known in English poetry called
+
+203
+00:14:55,910 --> 00:14:57,190
+heroic couplet.
+
+204
+00:15:02,680 --> 00:15:06,180
+By shallow rivers to whose folds melodious birds
+
+205
+00:15:06,180 --> 00:15:11,960
+sing madrigals. Like madrigals, songs. Songs. So
+
+206
+00:15:11,960 --> 00:15:16,960
+again here, like when you read this, you feel the
+
+207
+00:15:16,960 --> 00:15:20,880
+images, the kinetic, the visual, the sound images
+
+208
+00:15:20,880 --> 00:15:21,240
+here.
+
+209
+00:15:23,890 --> 00:15:28,630
+Okay, there we will sit upon the rocks and see the
+
+210
+00:15:28,630 --> 00:15:32,050
+shepherds feed their flocks. Look here, they're
+
+211
+00:15:32,050 --> 00:15:34,330
+not going to fret, they're going just to watch.
+
+212
+00:15:35,490 --> 00:15:38,990
+It's very simple life, isn't it? Imagine yourself,
+
+213
+00:15:39,090 --> 00:15:41,830
+you are not doing anything. I think some people,
+
+214
+00:15:41,930 --> 00:15:47,130
+you like this? Come on, very lazy, you know? I
+
+215
+00:15:47,130 --> 00:15:49,430
+don't know, I wouldn't imagine myself just
+
+216
+00:15:49,430 --> 00:15:52,950
+sitting, you know, on the rocks and watching
+
+217
+00:15:57,190 --> 00:16:03,830
+forever. So after one hour, I might like, yeah,
+
+218
+00:16:03,830 --> 00:16:07,490
+for a short time, it's okay. Not for a year for a
+
+219
+00:16:07,490 --> 00:16:10,290
+while. It's okay. No problem there.
+
+220
+00:16:11,930 --> 00:16:17,590
+Okay, there will I make the beds of roses. Look
+
+221
+00:16:17,590 --> 00:16:22,270
+here, the poet is trying to entice, you know, the
+
+222
+00:16:22,270 --> 00:16:25,370
+lady, you know what's been enticed to tempt the
+
+223
+00:16:25,370 --> 00:16:29,890
+lady. And of course, here we see like roses,
+
+224
+00:16:30,370 --> 00:16:35,090
+poises, curtains. All these images have to do
+
+225
+00:16:35,090 --> 00:16:39,650
+with, you know, they are romantic images. You
+
+226
+00:16:39,650 --> 00:16:43,750
+know, the rose, it has romantic connotation. I
+
+227
+00:16:43,750 --> 00:16:46,850
+mean, the poises itself, you know, they have these
+
+228
+00:16:46,850 --> 00:16:50,670
+romantic connotations. There will I make thee beds
+
+229
+00:16:50,670 --> 00:16:57,390
+of roses. It's a promise. Very enticing. And a
+
+230
+00:16:57,390 --> 00:17:02,610
+thousand of fragrant roses. Look here, roses and
+
+231
+00:17:02,610 --> 00:17:06,370
+poses. It's not like fall and Madrigal. So here,
+
+232
+00:17:06,470 --> 00:17:08,550
+because of the rhyme, because to keep the music,
+
+233
+00:17:08,910 --> 00:17:12,690
+he's using feminine rhyme. So one time he's using
+
+234
+00:17:12,690 --> 00:17:16,070
+masculine and another time he's using feminine.
+
+235
+00:17:16,550 --> 00:17:19,950
+Roses and poses. There will I make thee beds of
+
+236
+00:17:19,950 --> 00:17:24,350
+roses. Will I make. The shepherd is promising to
+
+237
+00:17:24,350 --> 00:17:30,740
+make. and a thousand fragrant poses. Wow. A cup of
+
+238
+00:17:30,740 --> 00:17:36,980
+flowers and a curtain. What is a curtain? A cup of
+
+239
+00:17:36,980 --> 00:17:42,580
+flowers and a curtain. Yeah, and? Yeah, it's like
+
+240
+00:17:42,580 --> 00:17:48,220
+a skirt. A curtain embroidered with leaves of
+
+241
+00:17:48,220 --> 00:17:53,380
+myrtle. Embroidered, like the embroidery. Now, we
+
+242
+00:17:53,380 --> 00:17:56,850
+the Palestinians are Famous for embroidery. I
+
+243
+00:17:56,850 --> 00:18:00,770
+don't know where he got this image from. Because
+
+244
+00:18:00,770 --> 00:18:07,650
+as we said, those poets were Renaissance poets,
+
+245
+00:18:07,930 --> 00:18:13,330
+and they were influenced by the medieval time, by
+
+246
+00:18:13,330 --> 00:18:15,350
+the Arab civilization.
+
+247
+00:18:17,050 --> 00:18:19,950
+So, and a thousand fragrant roses, a cup of
+
+248
+00:18:19,950 --> 00:18:24,180
+flowers, and a curtain embroidered with leaves of
+
+249
+00:18:24,180 --> 00:18:29,560
+myrtle. As I said, myrtle, in Greek mythology, it
+
+250
+00:18:29,560 --> 00:18:35,400
+has to do with virginity. So this would refute all
+
+251
+00:18:35,400 --> 00:18:41,740
+those who would assume that Marlow was just
+
+252
+00:18:41,740 --> 00:18:47,160
+calling for illegal relationship. Because as we
+
+253
+00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:51,080
+said, in Greek mythology, myrtle has to do with
+
+254
+00:18:51,080 --> 00:18:54,440
+chastity. You know what's mean chastity? Yeah,
+
+255
+00:18:54,560 --> 00:18:57,300
+chastity, like chastity and purity.
+
+256
+00:19:01,040 --> 00:19:06,840
+Look here, like in each stanza, he is like giving
+
+257
+00:19:06,840 --> 00:19:12,500
+promises. So this poem is full of promises. Why?
+
+258
+00:19:12,620 --> 00:19:15,780
+Because he wants to convince her.
+
+259
+00:19:20,040 --> 00:19:23,260
+You know, she's reluctant. This is what we, and
+
+260
+00:19:23,260 --> 00:19:25,420
+she's not talking at all. Is she talking at all?
+
+261
+00:19:25,780 --> 00:19:29,860
+Is he giving her a voice? No. A gown made of the
+
+262
+00:19:29,860 --> 00:19:35,380
+finest wool. Which from our pretty lamps we pull.
+
+263
+00:19:36,560 --> 00:19:43,820
+You know, I don't know. This, yeah. Pardon? Yeah,
+
+264
+00:19:43,860 --> 00:19:46,340
+no, no, he's talking about the wool. I mean, the
+
+265
+00:19:46,340 --> 00:19:50,480
+wool, which we pull, I mean, take it. But I think,
+
+266
+00:19:50,580 --> 00:19:53,680
+you know, very good. It's not like skinning. We're
+
+267
+00:19:53,680 --> 00:19:55,800
+not talking about skinning. Like, we're talking
+
+268
+00:19:55,800 --> 00:19:58,860
+about, like, the world which is taken. And this
+
+269
+00:19:58,860 --> 00:20:01,780
+shows how England in the Mesopotamian times, you
+
+270
+00:20:01,780 --> 00:20:07,700
+know, started to assume, you know, very, you know,
+
+271
+00:20:07,820 --> 00:20:11,340
+interesting and very, you know, rich industrial
+
+272
+00:20:11,340 --> 00:20:14,280
+image because during the Mesopotamia and after the
+
+273
+00:20:14,280 --> 00:20:19,060
+Mesopotamia, England it became the workshop or a
+
+274
+00:20:19,060 --> 00:20:23,940
+factory for the best wool. And it is like up till
+
+275
+00:20:23,940 --> 00:20:27,320
+now England is known or is famous for its wool
+
+276
+00:20:27,320 --> 00:20:32,960
+industry. So here, as you see, but who's going to
+
+277
+00:20:32,960 --> 00:20:37,460
+do that? Who's going to pull? Who's going to make
+
+278
+00:20:37,460 --> 00:20:40,680
+the bed of roses? Do you think making the bed of
+
+279
+00:20:40,680 --> 00:20:43,960
+roses is like an easy thing? No. Do you think
+
+280
+00:20:43,960 --> 00:20:47,170
+pulling and processing You know, the world is an
+
+281
+00:20:47,170 --> 00:20:51,190
+easy thing. So I think, you know, here, we
+
+282
+00:20:51,190 --> 00:20:54,850
+understand, like, there is, you know, life is
+
+283
+00:20:54,850 --> 00:20:58,990
+difficult, and it seems like, you know, these
+
+284
+00:20:58,990 --> 00:21:01,690
+images do not have the power. Because, you know,
+
+285
+00:21:01,790 --> 00:21:05,930
+the assumption is that countryside is rustic, you
+
+286
+00:21:05,930 --> 00:21:11,110
+know, is ideal, idyllic, either idyllic, like,
+
+287
+00:21:11,450 --> 00:21:14,610
+it's equivalent to, you know, rustic. It's idle
+
+288
+00:21:14,610 --> 00:21:18,390
+life where you can do nothing. A gown made of the
+
+289
+00:21:18,390 --> 00:21:22,170
+finest wool, which from our pretty lambs we pawn.
+
+290
+00:21:22,790 --> 00:21:25,430
+Our pretty lambs. Like this is, you know, the
+
+291
+00:21:25,430 --> 00:21:30,090
+spirit of nationalism. Our, you know, our lamb.
+
+292
+00:21:30,870 --> 00:21:34,150
+You know, he's talking about himself as an
+
+293
+00:21:34,150 --> 00:21:36,250
+English, as a shepherd, but not an English
+
+294
+00:21:36,250 --> 00:21:41,780
+shepherd. So, you know, which is general, but you
+
+295
+00:21:41,780 --> 00:21:45,000
+know, we have regional interest here, which is our
+
+296
+00:21:45,000 --> 00:21:48,680
+lamp. Which from our pretty lamps, we pull. So
+
+297
+00:21:48,680 --> 00:21:53,240
+wool and pull. You know, look at this. It has to
+
+298
+00:21:53,240 --> 00:21:56,240
+do with, you know, the action itself. Pull because
+
+299
+00:21:56,240 --> 00:22:00,600
+it needs some, you know, movement. You know, pull.
+
+300
+00:22:01,340 --> 00:22:04,500
+Fair-lined slippers for the cold. Fair-lined
+
+301
+00:22:04,500 --> 00:22:07,180
+slippers. You know, these are feminine things,
+
+302
+00:22:07,280 --> 00:22:11,900
+like fair-lined slippers. It's an image of how,
+
+303
+00:22:12,080 --> 00:22:15,920
+like, the slippers, you know, are not with, you
+
+304
+00:22:15,920 --> 00:22:18,180
+know, thick lines, but they are fair lines glowing
+
+305
+00:22:18,180 --> 00:22:20,620
+like this. And everything, as you see, is
+
+306
+00:22:20,620 --> 00:22:23,240
+artificial. And this is what is happening in the
+
+307
+00:22:23,240 --> 00:22:26,580
+pastoral pool with buckles of the purest gold.
+
+308
+00:22:27,400 --> 00:22:30,300
+Buckles, you know, they buckle something which
+
+309
+00:22:30,300 --> 00:22:33,420
+closes the slippers and makes it tight.
+
+310
+00:22:40,820 --> 00:22:43,240
+I think he's becoming more convincing. A belt of
+
+311
+00:22:43,240 --> 00:22:51,800
+straw? A belt of straw and ivy buds. A belt of
+
+312
+00:22:51,800 --> 00:22:56,360
+straw. So what does this mean? Do you think this
+
+313
+00:22:56,360 --> 00:23:01,540
+is like cheap or expensive? Do you think this is a
+
+314
+00:23:01,540 --> 00:23:04,680
+belt of straw? I think sometimes we have the
+
+315
+00:23:04,680 --> 00:23:10,040
+tendency for something natural. I think when you
+
+316
+00:23:10,040 --> 00:23:13,750
+go You know, you find yourself instinctively
+
+317
+00:23:13,750 --> 00:23:16,810
+inclined, like, to buy something which is rustic.
+
+318
+00:23:18,370 --> 00:23:21,870
+But nowadays we have leather. Nobody is interested
+
+319
+00:23:21,870 --> 00:23:24,750
+in straw, you know, because nobody wants to be,
+
+320
+00:23:24,950 --> 00:23:30,530
+like, to live a fairy life, you know. Okay. A belt
+
+321
+00:23:30,530 --> 00:23:35,350
+of straw and ivy buds with coral clasp and amber
+
+322
+00:23:35,350 --> 00:23:38,530
+studs. Look at the images, how they are lovely. a
+
+323
+00:23:38,530 --> 00:23:42,910
+belt of straw, and ivory buds, ivory. Again, all
+
+324
+00:23:42,910 --> 00:23:49,070
+these things are natural, you know, with coral
+
+325
+00:23:49,070 --> 00:23:52,810
+clasts and amber studs. Amber studs, we're talking
+
+326
+00:23:52,810 --> 00:23:57,210
+about like, you know, gems, you know, like very
+
+327
+00:23:57,210 --> 00:24:03,130
+precious stones. And if these pleasures may, may
+
+328
+00:24:03,130 --> 00:24:08,410
+thee move, come live with me and be my love. So
+
+329
+00:24:08,410 --> 00:24:11,370
+again, why is he saying and if? What do you think
+
+330
+00:24:11,370 --> 00:24:16,310
+he's saying and if? He's not sure. Yeah, you're
+
+331
+00:24:16,310 --> 00:24:19,850
+right. He's not sure. He still thinks that the
+
+332
+00:24:19,850 --> 00:24:26,830
+lady is reluctant, is unwilling. So he's just like
+
+333
+00:24:26,830 --> 00:24:29,630
+this, you know, giving a promise after a promise
+
+334
+00:24:29,630 --> 00:24:32,550
+and try to test, you know, if she would come or
+
+335
+00:24:32,550 --> 00:24:36,720
+not. But we see or we understand that she's not.
+
+336
+00:24:37,440 --> 00:24:44,080
+Thy silver dishes for thy meat, as precious as the
+
+337
+00:24:44,080 --> 00:24:52,320
+gods to eat. Okay? This is very enticing for lazy,
+
+338
+00:24:52,840 --> 00:24:56,580
+you know, people. who want everything to be like,
+
+339
+00:24:57,160 --> 00:25:00,180
+you know, last year I asked, what would, you know,
+
+340
+00:25:00,820 --> 00:25:04,760
+the most enticing thing in this poem? And, like,
+
+341
+00:25:05,440 --> 00:25:08,940
+they said, okay, I like, you know, this idea of
+
+342
+00:25:08,940 --> 00:25:11,760
+having the meat coming to me without cooking,
+
+343
+00:25:11,900 --> 00:25:15,140
+without going through all this process of cooking.
+
+344
+00:25:16,070 --> 00:25:19,470
+Yes, they're silver dishes for thy meal, as
+
+345
+00:25:19,470 --> 00:25:22,450
+precious as the gods do eat. So she's going to
+
+346
+00:25:22,450 --> 00:25:26,210
+have eternal life. Like look at this simile here,
+
+347
+00:25:27,010 --> 00:25:31,070
+you know, she will be like a goddess, a goddess.
+
+348
+00:25:34,270 --> 00:25:41,250
+Shall on either table be prepared each day for
+
+349
+00:25:41,250 --> 00:25:46,620
+thee and me. Prepared, like What is like, you
+
+350
+00:25:46,620 --> 00:25:50,940
+know, here, look here, you see the aspect of the
+
+351
+00:25:50,940 --> 00:25:53,160
+verb. What is the aspect? Is it active or passive?
+
+352
+00:25:54,000 --> 00:25:58,240
+Passive. What does this mean? Yeah, we don't know.
+
+353
+00:25:58,580 --> 00:26:00,700
+We don't know who's going to do that. But we know
+
+354
+00:26:00,700 --> 00:26:03,700
+that everything will be, they will be like doing
+
+355
+00:26:03,700 --> 00:26:08,460
+nothing. Just like, yes, they will be idle. They
+
+356
+00:26:08,460 --> 00:26:11,800
+will do nothing. Everything will be prepared for
+
+357
+00:26:11,800 --> 00:26:14,480
+them. So the passive, you know, shows that the
+
+358
+00:26:14,480 --> 00:26:18,660
+life there, you know, is going to be without, you
+
+359
+00:26:18,660 --> 00:26:22,960
+know, work, without hard work. Prepared each day
+
+360
+00:26:22,960 --> 00:26:24,060
+for thee and me.
+
+361
+00:26:26,990 --> 00:26:30,310
+I don't know why he's saying not for us. He's
+
+362
+00:26:30,310 --> 00:26:35,570
+still, like, he's not sure. Okay. The shepherds
+
+363
+00:26:35,570 --> 00:26:39,590
+swayed. Of course, during that time, they had no
+
+364
+00:26:39,590 --> 00:26:42,890
+television. They had no satellite, you know,
+
+365
+00:26:42,930 --> 00:26:45,530
+nothing. So they had what? I mean, in the
+
+366
+00:26:45,530 --> 00:26:47,790
+countryside, this is how they would spend their
+
+367
+00:26:47,790 --> 00:26:53,030
+evening. Thy shepherds swayed shall dance and sing
+
+368
+00:26:53,030 --> 00:26:58,080
+for thy delight each May morning. Look at me
+
+369
+00:26:58,080 --> 00:27:05,860
+mourning. It's again, it's very musical, for thy
+
+370
+00:27:05,860 --> 00:27:08,920
+delight each may mourning, be mourning, you know?
+
+371
+00:27:09,520 --> 00:27:13,660
+And the stress here, you know, even there is small
+
+372
+00:27:13,660 --> 00:27:18,140
+variation. So it is stress, stress, stress. If
+
+373
+00:27:18,140 --> 00:27:25,260
+these delights, thy mind may move, still is not
+
+374
+00:27:25,260 --> 00:27:31,630
+sure. Then live with me and be my love. Then live
+
+375
+00:27:31,630 --> 00:27:35,570
+with me and be my love. I think here, you know,
+
+376
+00:27:35,990 --> 00:27:38,490
+then live with me and be my love. He's changing
+
+377
+00:27:38,490 --> 00:27:41,410
+the iambic tetrameter. Then live, so it is
+
+378
+00:27:41,410 --> 00:27:45,430
+becoming troche. They live with me, you know,
+
+379
+00:27:45,510 --> 00:27:48,590
+here, they live two stresses, two stresses and
+
+380
+00:27:48,590 --> 00:27:52,750
+then iambic pentameter. So he's using Troche and
+
+381
+00:27:52,750 --> 00:27:55,930
+then iambic pentameter. And I think, you know,
+
+382
+00:27:56,030 --> 00:28:01,230
+here, just to alert her, hey, you come, they live
+
+383
+00:28:01,230 --> 00:28:04,790
+with me, you know, he's impatient with her not
+
+384
+00:28:04,790 --> 00:28:10,460
+responding to him, you know. As you see, the poem
+
+385
+00:28:10,460 --> 00:28:16,820
+is not full of static elements, figures of speech.
+
+386
+00:28:17,460 --> 00:28:23,160
+So the poet here encoded his message in a symbol
+
+387
+00:28:23,160 --> 00:28:26,900
+in a very musical. He was careful for the rhyme
+
+388
+00:28:26,900 --> 00:28:29,000
+under it in order to
+
+389
+00:28:32,120 --> 00:28:35,260
+But you see, what makes the poem very beautiful,
+
+390
+00:28:35,860 --> 00:28:42,380
+it's genre, which is pastoral life. You know, it's
+
+391
+00:28:42,380 --> 00:28:46,920
+music. It's images, because this poem is full of
+
+392
+00:28:46,920 --> 00:28:52,560
+imagery. I don't know. I noticed in your debate,
+
+393
+00:28:52,720 --> 00:28:54,940
+or like if you remember in the debate last time,
+
+394
+00:28:55,480 --> 00:28:57,820
+because we want to go to the critique of the poem.
+
+395
+00:29:01,720 --> 00:29:07,120
+Like somebody complained that Marlow was inviting
+
+396
+00:29:07,120 --> 00:29:10,960
+a lady to go to a land which is not his own land,
+
+397
+00:29:11,700 --> 00:29:16,560
+you know? And that was a complaint, legitimate
+
+398
+00:29:16,560 --> 00:29:20,640
+complaint, because, you know, this type of
+
+399
+00:29:20,640 --> 00:29:24,030
+literature, which is pastoral poetry, in fact, It
+
+400
+00:29:24,030 --> 00:29:28,870
+was, you know, like to fit or to, you know, to
+
+401
+00:29:28,870 --> 00:29:32,710
+appeal to the courtly life, courtly life. But at
+
+402
+00:29:32,710 --> 00:29:37,470
+the same time, this was part of, you know, an
+
+403
+00:29:37,470 --> 00:29:40,970
+immersion discourse in the Elizabethan time and
+
+404
+00:29:40,970 --> 00:29:43,770
+even before the Elizabethan time. It is an
+
+405
+00:29:43,770 --> 00:29:48,080
+extension to Thomas More's Utopia, you know. The
+
+406
+00:29:48,080 --> 00:29:51,600
+Utopia, like, they were thinking of the ideal, the
+
+407
+00:29:51,600 --> 00:29:54,820
+imaginative world. So the Elizabethan, and even
+
+408
+00:29:54,820 --> 00:29:58,380
+before the Elizabethan, they kept, you know,
+
+409
+00:29:58,900 --> 00:30:02,160
+speculating, conjecturing about a new world, a
+
+410
+00:30:02,160 --> 00:30:05,000
+world full of, you know, pleasure, a world full of
+
+411
+00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:08,820
+joy, a world And they continued, like, doing like
+
+412
+00:30:08,820 --> 00:30:11,080
+this, writing pastoral poetry. Sidney wrote
+
+413
+00:30:11,080 --> 00:30:17,300
+pastoral poetry, you know. Also Shakespeare wrote,
+
+414
+00:30:17,420 --> 00:30:20,020
+you know, some narrative which is full of
+
+415
+00:30:20,020 --> 00:30:24,300
+pastoral. Even in The Tempest, he was conjecturing
+
+416
+00:30:24,300 --> 00:30:28,930
+about the encounter between like the English
+
+417
+00:30:28,930 --> 00:30:31,610
+people and the indigenous people. I mean the
+
+418
+00:30:31,610 --> 00:30:35,710
+indigenous people of this imaginary world. See
+
+419
+00:30:35,710 --> 00:30:39,530
+what I mean? So this was, you could say, this was
+
+420
+00:30:39,530 --> 00:30:44,810
+part of the promotional literature. Nowadays, if
+
+421
+00:30:44,810 --> 00:30:48,190
+you want like imagine like in 10 years time, they
+
+422
+00:30:48,190 --> 00:30:52,130
+will succeed to discover that there is life on
+
+423
+00:30:52,130 --> 00:30:57,130
+Mars, for example. So I think, you know, TV media
+
+424
+00:30:57,130 --> 00:31:01,030
+will start promoting for that. So this you could
+
+425
+00:31:01,030 --> 00:31:06,010
+classify this was kind of promotional literature,
+
+426
+00:31:07,290 --> 00:31:10,570
+promotional poetry, like it was a poetry which
+
+427
+00:31:10,570 --> 00:31:16,190
+promoted like encouraging people to go. So it is
+
+428
+00:31:16,190 --> 00:31:18,830
+more than pastoral if you want to talk about the
+
+429
+00:31:18,830 --> 00:31:23,930
+theme itself. Some say the theme could be about
+
+430
+00:31:23,930 --> 00:31:31,150
+what? Idyllic life, natural, simple life, in
+
+431
+00:31:31,150 --> 00:31:35,480
+contrast with the complicated city life. Other
+
+432
+00:31:35,480 --> 00:31:39,700
+people would take it, yeah, and they say, you
+
+433
+00:31:39,700 --> 00:31:42,200
+know, this poem is part of the colonial discourse,
+
+434
+00:31:42,940 --> 00:31:46,800
+which was prevalent, like, in the Elizabethan
+
+435
+00:31:46,800 --> 00:31:51,900
+time. You know, they wanted, like, all the time
+
+436
+00:31:51,900 --> 00:31:58,480
+they spoke about this imaginative word. And at the
+
+437
+00:31:58,480 --> 00:32:01,240
+end of the day, that imaginative word turned out
+
+438
+00:32:01,240 --> 00:32:06,400
+to be the new word, which is American. And like
+
+439
+00:32:06,400 --> 00:32:10,480
+some critics said, if America had not been
+
+440
+00:32:10,480 --> 00:32:14,040
+discovered, it would have been invented because it
+
+441
+00:32:14,040 --> 00:32:17,660
+was the occupation, the worry, you know, like the
+
+442
+00:32:17,660 --> 00:32:21,680
+concern of those in Azerbaijan. As you see, the
+
+443
+00:32:21,680 --> 00:32:27,920
+poem is lovely, isn't it? Very simple. And it's
+
+444
+00:32:27,920 --> 00:32:33,560
+beautiful. Some of you Like, wanted to rob the
+
+445
+00:32:33,560 --> 00:32:38,800
+poem, It's Beauty, last time by parodizing. You
+
+446
+00:32:38,800 --> 00:32:42,880
+know, by parodizing. And I didn't want to give you
+
+447
+00:32:42,880 --> 00:32:49,420
+a rally before you take this one. Because I want
+
+448
+00:32:49,420 --> 00:32:55,140
+you, like, later to see how rally it brought,
+
+449
+00:32:55,400 --> 00:33:01,740
+like, the lady, I mean, to respond to it. Okay,
+
+450
+00:33:01,800 --> 00:33:08,840
+I'll just give you now perhaps 10 minutes, you
+
+451
+00:33:08,840 --> 00:33:10,380
+know, what is the remaining part of the lecture,
+
+452
+00:33:11,060 --> 00:33:13,720
+to write a paragraph about the theme of the
+
+453
+00:33:13,720 --> 00:33:16,760
+program, the theme. And you know, just a paragraph
+
+454
+00:33:16,760 --> 00:33:21,140
+to write about the theme and try to support this
+
+455
+00:33:21,140 --> 00:33:25,360
+theme by whatever images we have. Okay, you can
+
+456
+00:33:25,360 --> 00:33:31,800
+work in pairs or you can work individually. Okay,
+
+457
+00:33:32,720 --> 00:33:33,440
+let's see.
+
+458
+00:33:40,500 --> 00:33:46,320
+Okay, let's see a student who succeeded in writing
+
+459
+00:33:46,320 --> 00:33:49,160
+a small paragraph about the theme. Yes, please.
+
+460
+00:33:53,060 --> 00:33:55,800
+Did you work alone or with somebody? Okay, good.
+
+461
+00:33:57,870 --> 00:34:00,330
+Boom can be about pastoral life where the poet is
+
+462
+00:34:00,330 --> 00:34:02,450
+inviting his love to come with him in the
+
+463
+00:34:02,450 --> 00:34:05,150
+countryside, away from the complex city life.
+
+464
+00:34:05,470 --> 00:34:08,090
+Malou uses a very simple language and images which
+
+465
+00:34:08,090 --> 00:34:11,070
+relate to the theme. Some of these images were too
+
+466
+00:34:11,070 --> 00:34:15,330
+idle which connects with the idea of utopia and
+
+467
+00:34:15,330 --> 00:34:17,770
+the imaginative words which some critics thought
+
+468
+00:34:17,770 --> 00:34:21,330
+it might be America. Okay, good, so I think you
+
+469
+00:34:21,330 --> 00:34:24,050
+are mixing between the two, between the two
+
+470
+00:34:24,050 --> 00:34:27,190
+themes, and whenever you want to criticize, I
+
+471
+00:34:27,190 --> 00:34:32,190
+advise you to stick to one theme, okay? Again, if
+
+472
+00:34:32,190 --> 00:34:37,490
+you say, the poem is part of the pastoral poetry
+
+473
+00:34:37,490 --> 00:34:42,090
+which celebrates the simplicity of this, the rural
+
+474
+00:34:42,090 --> 00:34:46,030
+life, you know, contrasted to the complexity of
+
+475
+00:34:46,030 --> 00:34:51,290
+the city life. Okay, so this could be like easier.
+
+476
+00:34:51,550 --> 00:34:53,610
+Yes, Jihan, the last one.
+
+477
+00:34:59,100 --> 00:35:01,920
+It's really short. Marlow's The Passionate Shiver
+
+478
+00:35:01,920 --> 00:35:04,940
+to His Love captures one of the most recurrent
+
+479
+00:35:04,940 --> 00:35:07,900
+themes in Elizabethan discourse, as the lovely
+
+480
+00:35:07,900 --> 00:35:12,060
+images from the pastoral life that he packed his
+
+481
+00:35:12,060 --> 00:35:14,320
+poem with definitely functioned so as to incite
+
+482
+00:35:14,320 --> 00:35:17,360
+the woman to nature and to promote it, grabbing
+
+483
+00:35:17,360 --> 00:35:20,080
+the reader away from the city's concerns and
+
+484
+00:35:20,080 --> 00:35:23,080
+chaos. Yeah, this is very sophisticated, you know,
+
+485
+00:35:23,160 --> 00:35:26,520
+and very eloquent. You know, she mentions talking
+
+486
+00:35:26,520 --> 00:35:30,460
+about the, you know, him like how he, you know,
+
+487
+00:35:30,520 --> 00:35:33,840
+like he wanted to talk about a recurrent theme, a
+
+488
+00:35:33,840 --> 00:35:37,400
+theme which was repeated again and again in the
+
+489
+00:35:37,400 --> 00:35:41,900
+Elizabethan time. Okay, I don't know when we
+
+490
+00:35:41,900 --> 00:35:47,790
+approach like Raleigh, We might not find this poem
+
+491
+00:35:47,790 --> 00:35:50,910
+as beautiful as it is. It might be different. So
+
+492
+00:35:50,910 --> 00:35:54,230
+let's see and wait for next time to see Raleigh.
+
+493
+00:35:54,970 --> 00:35:58,810
+And who's winner? Who's going to win, Raleigh or
+
+494
+00:35:58,810 --> 00:36:03,710
+Marlow? Yeah. I think Raleigh was, you know,
+
+495
+00:36:03,910 --> 00:36:08,370
+expeditioner himself. But Marlow won. I bet Marlow
+
+496
+00:36:08,370 --> 00:36:11,130
+won, not Raleigh. Yeah. We'll see you next time.
+
+497
+00:36:11,350 --> 00:36:13,510
+Thank you very much and see you next time.
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZZ8ASUiLEKVKvwcEdfmB_y/AZS1oU51tQg.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1381 @@
+
+1
+00:00:19,830 --> 00:00:23,210
+الحمد لله يا رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف
+
+2
+00:00:23,210 --> 00:00:27,950
+الخلق وسيد المرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه
+
+3
+00:00:27,950 --> 00:00:32,330
+أجمعين اللهم لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا إنك أنت
+
+4
+00:00:32,330 --> 00:00:36,730
+العليم الحكيم اللهم علمنا ما ينفعنا وانفعنا بما
+
+5
+00:00:36,730 --> 00:00:41,070
+علمتنا وازدنا علمة آمين يا رب العالمين أما بعد
+
+6
+00:00:41,980 --> 00:00:45,880
+تهينا يا أخوات في المحاضرة الماضية من الحديث عن
+
+7
+00:00:45,880 --> 00:00:52,040
+ثالث وسائل التغريب وهي المرأة وفي محاضرة اليوم إن
+
+8
+00:00:52,040 --> 00:00:56,240
+شاء الله نتعرف على رابع وسائل التغريب وهي العولمة
+
+9
+00:00:56,240 --> 00:01:01,260
+هذه الكلمة نريد أن نتعرف على معناها في اللغة في
+
+10
+00:01:01,260 --> 00:01:06,200
+الاصطلاح نتعرف على أهداف ووسائل العولمة إن شاء
+
+11
+00:01:06,200 --> 00:01:14,010
+الله تعالى الحديث عن العولمة تردد كثيرا وكثرة في
+
+12
+00:01:14,010 --> 00:01:19,190
+القرن العشرين أو العشر الأخيرة سنوات العشر الأخيرة
+
+13
+00:01:19,190 --> 00:01:24,110
+من القرن العشرين يعني مش من قديم كثيرا وخاصة بعد
+
+14
+00:01:24,110 --> 00:01:29,370
+سقوط الاتحاد السوفييتي وحمل هذا المصطلح أو هذا
+
+15
+00:01:29,370 --> 00:01:33,330
+المفهوم أو هذا المبدأ أو هذه الوسيلة من وسائل
+
+16
+00:01:33,330 --> 00:01:38,580
+التغريب حملت أسماء عديدة من هذه الأسماء أه يا أخوات
+
+17
+00:01:38,580 --> 00:01:44,180
+غير كلمة العولمة يقال عنها النظام العالمي الجديد
+
+18
+00:01:44,180 --> 00:01:50,060
+صفرنا العولمة والنظام العالمي الجديد صار أيضًا من
+
+19
+00:01:50,060 --> 00:01:54,080
+أسماء المتغيرات الدولية الجديدة ويقال لها أيضًا
+
+20
+00:01:54,080 --> 00:01:59,260
+كمان اسم بدل العولمة من العالم الكونية من الكون
+
+21
+00:01:59,260 --> 00:02:03,740
+العالم والكون وأيضًا يقال لها الأمريكا بالنسبة إلى
+
+22
+00:02:03,740 --> 00:02:08,960
+أمريكا يعني لأنها رعية العولمة وقائدتها واللي الآن
+
+23
+00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:11,360
+تسيطر على العالم يعني بيها
+
+24
+00:02:14,190 --> 00:02:20,670
+معظم الأفكار التي أُخذت للعولمة وتضمنتها أو تضمنها
+
+25
+00:02:20,670 --> 00:02:26,770
+مفهوم العولمة جاءت في كتاب لكاتب أمريكي ياباني
+
+26
+00:02:26,770 --> 00:02:31,760
+الأصل لكن عاش في أمريكا اسمه Francis Fukuyama له
+
+27
+00:02:31,760 --> 00:02:38,200
+كتاب سماه نهاية التاريخ والإنسان الأخير أجاءت
+
+28
+00:02:38,200 --> 00:02:42,840
+الأفكار التي تتضمنها العولمة في هذا الكتاب فما هي
+
+29
+00:02:42,840 --> 00:02:45,940
+هذه الأفكار الأساسية الرئيسة اللي تضمنها هذا
+
+30
+00:02:45,940 --> 00:02:50,720
+الكتاب عن العولمة أو حول العولمة من هذه الأفكار
+
+31
+00:02:50,720 --> 00:02:54,260
+واحد انتصار النظام الرأسمالي الإبراهيمي والامتناطي
+
+32
+00:02:54,260 --> 00:02:58,370
+الغربي على سؤالهذا ما جاء بارك الله فيك في هذا
+
+33
+00:02:58,370 --> 00:03:02,090
+الكتاب إنه الآن هذه المرحلة أو نهاية التاريخ وقف
+
+34
+00:03:02,090 --> 00:03:08,170
+وتحدد بانتصار النظام الرأسمالي الغربي النظام
+
+35
+00:03:08,170 --> 00:03:12,170
+الاقتصادي طبعا الليبرالي والليبرالية ماذا تعني
+
+36
+00:03:12,170 --> 00:03:15,250
+اليوم في اتجاه الليبرالي مديلا عن العلمانية
+
+37
+00:03:15,250 --> 00:03:20,320
+الليبرالية يعني الحرية المطلقة الإنسان الحرية
+
+38
+00:03:20,320 --> 00:03:23,980
+المطلقة أن يفعل ما يشاء في ظل النظام الليبرالي لا
+
+39
+00:03:23,980 --> 00:03:28,740
+يقيده دين ولا خلق ولا مبدأ ولا كذا والديمقراطية
+
+40
+00:03:28,740 --> 00:03:32,320
+التي تُعطي الإنسان حقه في التعبير عن رأي واختيار
+
+41
+00:03:32,320 --> 00:03:36,380
+ومثلي وغيره وحكم الشعب للشعب وحكم الشعب نف��ه بنفسه
+
+42
+00:03:36,380 --> 00:03:41,250
+إلى آخره هذا النظام بهذه المواصفات نظام الرأسمالي
+
+43
+00:03:41,250 --> 00:03:48,810
+الغربي الليبرالي والديمقراطية الغربية سادت وانتصرت
+
+44
+00:03:48,810 --> 00:03:53,550
+على باقي النظم فهي المؤهلة اليوم لأن تحكم العالم
+
+45
+00:03:53,550 --> 00:03:58,350
+وتقوده هذا ما جاء في وين في هذا الكتاب أيضًا من
+
+46
+00:03:58,350 --> 00:04:01,490
+الأفكار اللي طرحها هذا الكاتب في هذا الكتاب
+
+47
+00:04:05,500 --> 00:04:09,720
+الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية ونظام الاقتصادي والرئيس
+
+48
+00:04:09,720 --> 00:04:14,000
+المالي المادي وأوروبا يمثلان
+
+49
+00:04:26,760 --> 00:04:30,360
+الإتنين بيمثلوا الدورة النهائية للتاريخ وكأن
+
+50
+00:04:30,360 --> 00:04:35,520
+التاريخ دار دورته وتوقف عند مين ومينده الولايات
+
+51
+00:04:35,520 --> 00:04:40,580
+المتحدة الأمريكية وأوروبا فوصل مداه ونهايته عشان
+
+52
+00:04:40,580 --> 00:04:43,360
+هيك بيقولوا نهاية التاريخ نهاية التاريخ والانسان
+
+53
+00:04:43,360 --> 00:04:48,020
+الأخير وين نهايته الآن في أمريكا وأوروبا لأن نهاية
+
+54
+00:04:48,020 --> 00:04:52,660
+هذا التاريخ العالم وقف ووصل إلى هنا أمر الثالث
+
+55
+00:04:52,660 --> 00:04:56,020
+اللي طرح في هذا الكتاب أن الإنسان الغربي هو
+
+56
+00:04:56,020 --> 00:05:01,610
+الإنسان الكامل اللي أخر ما يمكن أن يتصوره الإنسان
+
+57
+00:05:01,610 --> 00:05:07,710
+من نموذج، من مثال، من أسوام، من قدوة يحتذى بها من
+
+58
+00:05:07,710 --> 00:05:13,880
+هو؟ الإنسان الغربي الراجل الأبيض المتوسط على وزن
+
+59
+00:05:13,880 --> 00:05:17,320
+البحر الأبيض المتوسط فهو الإنسان الغرب يوصف كذا
+
+60
+00:05:17,320 --> 00:05:21,920
+الراجل الأبيض يوصف يعني كأنه قضية جنسية عرقية
+
+61
+00:05:21,920 --> 00:05:25,820
+تمييز عنصري البيض على السود هذا الجنس الأبيض
+
+62
+00:05:25,820 --> 00:05:30,880
+الغربي الأوروبي الأمريكي هو سيد العالم هو من يحكم
+
+63
+00:05:30,880 --> 00:05:36,760
+العالم الآن يا خواتة أتكلم عن العولمة هذا المصطلح
+
+64
+00:05:36,760 --> 00:05:40,780
+الذي أصبح شائعا وكثر الحديث عنه في المرحلة الأخيرة
+
+65
+00:05:40,780 --> 00:05:44,140
+و الفترة الأخيرة ما أصل هذه الكلمة من وين يعني
+
+66
+00:05:44,140 --> 00:05:48,080
+مأخوذة كلمتها العولمة كما رأينا في العلمانية و
+
+67
+00:05:48,080 --> 00:05:51,800
+رأينا في القومية و غيرها من المبادئ لها أصول وجذور
+
+68
+00:05:51,800 --> 00:05:59,170
+and أهلها و ثم بعد ذلك عربتأين أو ما هو أصل هذه
+
+69
+00:05:59,170 --> 00:06:03,450
+الكلمة عند أهلها وأصحابها لغة ثم بعد ذلك نتكلم
+
+70
+00:06:03,450 --> 00:06:10,450
+عنها كمصطلح أصبح شائعا ما معنى كلمة العولمة وين
+
+71
+00:06:10,450 --> 00:06:15,560
+جاية كلمة العولمة أول حاجة؟ كلمة إيش؟ من العولمة،
+
+72
+00:06:15,560 --> 00:06:19,960
+نسبة إلى العلم ولا إلى العالم؟ نسبة إلى العالم
+
+73
+00:06:19,960 --> 00:06:24,220
+وليس إلى العلم كما رأينا في وين؟ العلمانية، نسبة
+
+74
+00:06:24,220 --> 00:06:27,420
+إلى العالم برضه وليس إلى العلم وكانوا الإتنين
+
+75
+00:06:27,420 --> 00:06:32,840
+يتفقوا في أصولهم، نسبة الإتنين نسبة إلى العلم
+
+76
+00:06:32,840 --> 00:06:39,340
+العالم عفوا وليس نسبة إلى العلم ومعنى العولمة،
+
+77
+00:06:39,340 --> 00:06:43,120
+عولمة الشيء بمعنى جملة، فضلك
+
+78
+00:06:47,870 --> 00:06:51,870
+العولمة وضع الشاي على مستوى العالم بدل أن يكون على
+
+79
+00:06:51,870 --> 00:06:58,170
+مستوى محلي يصبح على مستوى عالمي عولمته يعني وضعه
+
+80
+00:06:58,170 --> 00:07:04,090
+وجعله وتحويله إلى مستوى عالمي ينتشر فيه العالم هذه
+
+81
+00:07:04,090 --> 00:07:09,610
+المقصودة وهي ترجمة كلمة العولمة معربة طبعا أو كلمة
+
+82
+00:07:09,610 --> 00:07:13,670
+يعني على وزن فوعة ننسي نتكلم النقطة دي ناخدها من
+
+83
+00:07:13,670 --> 00:07:17,670
+الكلمة الفرنسية mondialization
+
+84
+00:07:19,610 --> 00:07:23,850
+في بعض بيحطها بالصين وبعض ما بيحطها بالزي أو بالزد
+
+85
+00:07:23,850 --> 00:07:27,730
+حسب اللغة الإنجليزية Mundialization إذا بتعرفوا ال
+
+86
+00:07:27,730 --> 00:07:31,390
+Mundial Mundial يعني كأس العالم فكلمة العالم
+
+87
+00:07:31,390 --> 00:07:34,770
+والعاولة ماجيها من ال Mundial وأصلها فرنسية و
+
+88
+00:07:34,770 --> 00:07:38,250
+بمعنى الكلمة الإنجليزية أو مأخوذة من الكلمة
+
+89
+00:07:38,250 --> 00:07:43,990
+الإنجليزية Globalization برضه بالزي وجدتها أصح من
+
+90
+00:07:43,990 --> 00:07:47,650
+الصين الموجودة عندنا وإن كان أحيانا بيستخدم الصين
+
+91
+00:07:47,650 --> 00:07:53,630
+لكن هي عايش بال Z Globalization وليس سي شن أو كده
+
+92
+00:07:53,630 --> 00:07:57,770
+مع أن الصين تقرأ أحيانا Z فهذه الكلمة وهذا المطلوب
+
+93
+00:07:57,770 --> 00:08:00,790
+مننا أن نحفظها الكلمة الإنجليزية مع الكلمات
+
+94
+00:08:00,790 --> 00:08:05,750
+السابقة عرفنا العلمانية وعرفنا القومية وهي الكلمة
+
+95
+00:08:05,750 --> 00:08:07,890
+التالتة اللي بتمر معناها الكلمة الأجنبية
+
+96
+00:08:07,890 --> 00:08:11,910
+globalization وباقية الكلمة الرابعة اللي هي خاصة
+
+97
+00:08:11,910 --> 00:08:14,910
+بالميسونية Freemason أو Freemasonry
+
+98
+00:08:17,150 --> 00:08:22,010
+وبدأ ظهور هذا المصطلح و هذا المبدأ في الولايات
+
+99
+00:08:22,010 --> 00:08:27,990
+المتحدة الأمريكية وكان بمعنى كما تحدثنا قبل قليل
+
+100
+00:08:27,990 --> 00:08:31,230
+ان تحويل الشاي إلى وضعية أخرى بمعنى تعميم الشاي
+
+101
+00:08:31,230 --> 00:08:36,950
+وتوسيع دائرته ليشمل alcohol بدل أن يكون خاص و
+
+102
+00:08:36,950 --> 00:08:39,770
+special بديش عام general
+
+103
+00:08:42,890 --> 00:08:47,430
+وبالتالي العولمة من خلال هذا المعنى اللغوي إذا
+
+104
+00:08:47,430 --> 00:08:55,360
+ارتبطت بجماعة أو بفئة أو ببلد إذا معنى عولمة أو
+
+105
+00:08:55,360 --> 00:09:00,000
+العولمة إذا صدرت من بلد أو من جماعة وبدأ تأخذ
+
+106
+00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:03,820
+المصطلح العولمة معناها تعميم نمط من الأنماط التي
+
+107
+00:09:03,820 --> 00:09:09,840
+تخص ذلك البلد أو تلك الجماعة وجعله يشمل الجميل بدل
+
+108
+00:09:09,840 --> 00:09:13,420
+أن يكون على مستوى محلي يعني يشمل الجميل ملاحظين أن
+
+109
+00:09:13,420 --> 00:09:17,860
+التعريفات كلها قريبة من بعض يعني جدا الذي يهمنا
+
+110
+00:09:17,860 --> 00:09:23,000
+أكثر بعد التعرف على معنى الكلمة في الأصل، من وين
+
+111
+00:09:23,000 --> 00:09:28,720
+جاية هذه الكلمة وكيف ترجمت، الذي يهمنا هو هذا
+
+112
+00:09:28,720 --> 00:09:34,320
+المبدأ العولمة اليوم الشائع، معناه في الإصطلاح،
+
+113
+00:09:34,320 --> 00:09:37,380
+ماذا يعني الآن لما نقول العولمة ونحن في عصر
+
+114
+00:09:37,380 --> 00:09:43,280
+العولمة والعولمة ونتحدث عن العولمة ذكرنا قبل قليل
+
+115
+00:09:43,280 --> 00:09:46,400
+أو في البداية أو في بداية الحديث عن المعنى اللغوي
+
+116
+00:09:46,400 --> 00:09:52,920
+أن العولمة نسبة إلى العالم وليس إلى العلم هذه
+
+117
+00:09:52,920 --> 00:09:58,630
+حقيقة يعني واضحة كما تحدثنا عنها في العلمانية وقد
+
+118
+00:09:58,630 --> 00:10:05,090
+ظهرت أول ما ظهرت في مجال التجارة والمال والاقتصاد
+
+119
+00:10:05,090 --> 00:10:09,290
+فكان نوع من عولمة الاقتصاد والتجارة أن تصبح هذه
+
+120
+00:10:09,290 --> 00:10:13,250
+التجارة تجارة عالمية يعني صار التبادل التجاري
+
+121
+00:10:13,250 --> 00:10:18,210
+توسيق دائرة التجارة فكان كنظام أو كمفهوم يعني خاص
+
+122
+00:10:18,210 --> 00:10:23,030
+بالناحية الاقتصادية أو التجارية ثم أخذ يتوسع شيئا
+
+123
+00:10:23,030 --> 00:10:27,820
+فشيئا إلى أن أصبح يعوم كل النواحي والمجالات
+
+124
+00:10:27,820 --> 00:10:32,960
+الاقتصادية وغيرها كالسياسية والاجتماعية والثقافية
+
+125
+00:10:32,960 --> 00:10:39,640
+و��لدينية كذلك نرجع مرة أخرى إلى أسماء أخرى غير
+
+126
+00:10:39,640 --> 00:10:45,360
+العولمة لها علاقة أو من أسمائها النظام العالمي
+
+127
+00:10:45,360 --> 00:10:52,760
+الجديد يعادى الكلام مرة أخرى وربما كلمة نظام عالمي
+
+128
+00:10:52,760 --> 00:10:57,460
+وجديد كلمة النظام تعني في العادة النظام السياسي،
+
+129
+00:10:57,460 --> 00:11:02,140
+نظام حكم، نظام سياسي، لكن هذه الكلمة ليست فقط
+
+130
+00:11:02,140 --> 00:11:06,000
+ذات نظامين سياسية، بل تشمل سياسية واقتصادية
+
+131
+00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:09,540
+وثقافية واجتماعية وتربوية كما قلنا
+
+132
+00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:18,120
+في تعريفات متعددة للعولمة ولما ننظر إلى هذه
+
+133
+00:11:18,120 --> 00:11:23,620
+التعريفات سنلاحظ من الملاحظة ان كل تعريف بيخص جانب
+
+134
+00:11:23,620 --> 00:11:26,560
+من الجوانب فبعض التعريفات تركز على الناحية
+
+135
+00:11:26,560 --> 00:11:29,820
+الاقتصادية البعض على الناحية السياسية البعض على
+
+136
+00:11:29,820 --> 00:11:34,260
+الناحية الثقافية و هكذا فهذا ما ذكر في هذه
+
+137
+00:11:34,260 --> 00:11:39,400
+التعريفات وكلها تعريفات يعني بسيطة وتحوم حول محور
+
+138
+00:11:39,400 --> 00:11:45,280
+واحد من هذه التعريفات يا أخوات، من تقرأ لنا؟ خمس
+
+139
+00:11:45,280 --> 00:11:49,520
+تعريفات وفي النهاية سنرجح تعريفا منها، تفضلي هي
+
+140
+00:11:49,520 --> 00:11:54,200
+نظام عالم جديد يقوم على العرض اللي أكترهم، والثورة
+
+141
+00:11:54,200 --> 00:11:58,440
+المعلوماتية، المعلومات والإبتعاد التقاني غير محدود
+
+142
+00:11:58,920 --> 00:12:02,160
+إلى آخر هذا التعريف، إذن هي بتركز على مين؟ على
+
+143
+00:12:02,160 --> 00:12:07,200
+العقل الإلكتروني وعلى المعلومات يعني كأنها بتركز
+
+144
+00:12:07,200 --> 00:12:10,740
+على ناحية الـ إيش؟ الثقافية، كأن هنا العولمة
+
+145
+00:12:10,740 --> 00:12:15,240
+ثقافية تعميم ثقافة ومعلومات أن تصبح يعني عالمية
+
+146
+00:12:15,240 --> 00:12:19,640
+لكل يتدول في العالم ويتعرف عليها اتنين من
+
+147
+00:12:19,640 --> 00:12:25,720
+التعريفات من الأخوات ما شاركناش تفضلي ناخد من كل
+
+148
+00:12:25,720 --> 00:12:26,400
+جهة واحدة
+
+149
+00:12:31,530 --> 00:12:35,790
+بارك الله فيك، هنا بنلاحظ أنت تركيز على مين؟ سلع،
+
+150
+00:12:35,790 --> 00:12:39,190
+خدمات، أيضًا أنا مغمجة شوية عشان يعني التركيز
+
+151
+00:12:39,190 --> 00:12:43,210
+الكلمات المركز عليها في التعريف، هنا عقل إلكتروني،
+
+152
+00:12:43,210 --> 00:12:46,350
+ثقافة، سلع، خدمات، أيدي عاملة، كان لها علاقة
+
+153
+00:12:46,350 --> 00:12:51,990
+بالتجارة أو الاقتصاد التعريف الثالث، تفضل، أنت
+
+154
+00:12:51,990 --> 00:12:55,570
+توقف، سمعناك أعتقد، اللي قدامك، تفضل، رأينا
+
+155
+00:12:55,570 --> 00:12:58,840
+التعريف التالت؟ العملية التي يتم تقضاها أنها
+
+156
+00:12:58,840 --> 00:13:02,300
+الحواجز بين الدول والشعوب والتي تنتقل فيها المجتمع
+
+157
+00:13:02,300 --> 00:13:05,160
+من حتى الاقتراب والتجزئة إلى حتى الاقتراب والتوحد
+
+158
+00:13:05,160 --> 00:13:09,280
+إذا النوع من إيش؟ يعني الآن لغاء الحواجز بمعنى
+
+159
+00:13:09,280 --> 00:13:12,960
+سياسي وفيها نوع من الاقتصاد لغاء الحواجز يعني فيش
+
+160
+00:13:12,960 --> 00:13:17,760
+جمارك فيش كذا فيش كذا يعني أخذت مفهوما أوسع قليلا
+
+161
+00:13:17,760 --> 00:13:26,740
+التعريف الرابع .. مين تقرأ لنا؟ تفضلي هي تعاصم شيوع
+
+162
+00:13:26,740 --> 00:13:29,680
+نمط الحياة الاستهلاكي الغربي و تعاصم أنهيات فرده
+
+163
+00:13:29,680 --> 00:13:33,460
+زياسيًا و اقتصاديًا و عالميًا و عسكريًا بعد التداعيات
+
+164
+00:13:33,460 --> 00:13:36,340
+العالمية التي نجمت عن انهيات الدماغ .. بدون ..
+
+165
+00:13:36,340 --> 00:13:40,120
+بدون التكملة يعني احنا الآن بنخص التعريف هي تعاصم
+
+166
+00:13:40,120 --> 00:13:44,260
+شيوع برك الله فيك�� نمط الحياة الاستهلاكي الغربي
+
+167
+00:13:44,260 --> 00:13:48,740
+كأنه ناحية إيش؟ يعني اجتماعية، سلوكية، ثقافية
+
+168
+00:13:48,740 --> 00:13:54,280
+أحيانا لأن في الاستهلاك يعني ثقافة أصبحت و أضاف إلى
+
+169
+00:13:54,280 --> 00:13:58,560
+السياسة والاقتصاد يعني بدأ يكون فيه نوع من
+
+170
+00:13:58,560 --> 00:14:03,260
+الشمولية أكثر نوعًا ما أو بوليان أو محاولة لفرض
+
+171
+00:14:03,260 --> 00:14:11,200
+الفلسفة الابراجماتية النفعية المادية العلمانية
+
+172
+00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:15,310
+بعيد عن الدين بحاولة لفرض هذه الفلسفة والثقافة
+
+173
+00:14:15,310 --> 00:14:20,570
+والهدف هو إقصاء وإبعاد وعزل الدين عن الحياة لأن
+
+174
+00:14:20,570 --> 00:14:25,650
+الفلسفة البراجماتية تقوم على المصلحة والمنفعة فمن
+
+175
+00:14:25,650 --> 00:14:29,950
+أجل هذه المصلحة والمنفعة ممكن أن يتنازل الإنسان عن
+
+176
+00:14:29,950 --> 00:14:35,030
+إيش؟ مبادئيه؟ خلّيك براجماتي يعني تفت لمصلحتك
+
+177
+00:14:35,030 --> 00:14:38,790
+ومصلحتك في كذا ومصلحتك في كذا وبالتالي ممكن يتنا
+
+223
+00:18:36,020 --> 00:18:44,330
+من المنتصف الثاني للقرن العشرين كان 1950 فما فوق أو 
+
+224
+00:18:44,330 --> 00:18:49,630
+فوق الخمسينيات يعني بعد الخمسينيات وذلك تحديدا بعد 
+
+225
+00:18:49,630 --> 00:18:54,510
+انتهاء الحرب الباردة بين الاتحاد السوفيتي 
+
+226
+00:18:54,510 --> 00:19:01,650
+والولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وكان ذلك عام 1961 طبعا 
+
+227
+00:19:01,650 --> 00:19:06,500
+الحرب الباردة يعني الكل كان بحشة قوة و يخيف بها 
+
+228
+00:19:06,500 --> 00:19:10,260
+الخاصم و العدو المنافس إله أننا لدينا قوة نووية و 
+
+229
+00:19:10,260 --> 00:19:14,180
+قنابل نووية و نحن نمتلك هذا بيحشدوا هذا كأن حرب .. 
+
+230
+00:19:14,180 --> 00:19:20,320
+بل حرب أعصاب يعني تجهيز و تهيئ القوة لكلا القطبين 
+
+231
+00:19:20,320 --> 00:19:24,900
+ثم أتلى ذلك سقوط الاتحاد السوفيتي سياسيا و 
+
+232
+00:19:24,900 --> 00:19:33,080
+اقتصاديا في العام 1991 و ما تبعه من انفراد القطب 
+
+233
+00:19:33,080 --> 00:19:37,500
+الواحد في العالم وهو الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية 
+
+234
+00:19:37,500 --> 00:19:42,160
+هذا يؤرق العالم بهذه التاريخين الأول أو الثاني على 
+
+235
+00:19:42,160 --> 00:19:49,520
+خلاف بين الباحثين أو المؤرخين ما هي أهداف العالم؟ 
+
+236
+00:19:50,950 --> 00:19:55,250
+التي تعرفنا عليها وعلى أفكارها وعلى مبادئها وعلى 
+
+237
+00:19:55,250 --> 00:19:59,250
+ما تنادي به لها أهداف من ورا وهي أهداف كثيرة نقتصر 
+
+238
+00:19:59,250 --> 00:20:03,230
+في الحديث على الثقافية والدينية منها وانتبهوا يا 
+
+239
+00:20:03,230 --> 00:20:09,690
+أخوات هناك أهداف وهناك آثار فالأهداف غير الآثار 
+
+240
+00:20:09,690 --> 00:20:14,010
+أهداف وكذا وكذا وكذا فمن تحقيق هذه الأهداف ينتج 
+
+241
+00:20:14,010 --> 00:20:20,290
+آثار في المجتمعونبدأ بالأثار بالأهداف والأثار 
+
+242
+00:20:20,290 --> 00:20:29,010
+الثقافية ولعلها أختار هذه الأهداف فهذه الثقافة 
+
+243
+00:20:29,010 --> 00:20:35,250
+ثقافة العالمة والهدف من العالمة الهدف الثقافي هو 
+
+244
+00:20:35,250 --> 00:20:40,530
+إيش هذا الهدف الثقافي؟ هنا ما نريد أن نصيغه كما 
+
+245
+00:20:40,530 --> 00:20:44,730
+يقول أحد الكتاب الغربيين الباحثين في العالمة 
+
+246
+00:20:44,730 --> 00:20:50,940
+بلقيزر يقول أيش الهدف؟ يشخص لنا هذا الهدف و يبين 
+
+247
+00:20:50,940 --> 00:20:56,200
+لنا هذا الهدف، ايش هو هذا الهدف؟ فتل قال العالم 
+
+248
+00:20:56,200 --> 00:21:01,240
+اللي بيزعي رواتنا هي انها انتقال من مرحلة التقاط 
+
+249
+00:21:01,240 --> 00:21:05,280
+الوطنية لتقاط عالية جديدة اللي عالية في حقيقتها 
+
+250
+00:21:06,370 --> 00:21:11,210
+اتصاب ثقافي لثقافة الآخرين وعضوان على هذه الثقافات 
+
+251
+00:21:11,210 --> 00:21:16,790
+المختلفة وفرض للثقافة وكأنه من هذه الكلمات التلاتة 
+
+252
+00:21:16,790 --> 00:21:23,650
+بنطلع ونستخرج الأهداف الثقافية للعالم من كلام هذا 
+
+253
+00:21:23,650 --> 00:21:29,010
+الكاتب خلوكم معنا بالله يا أخوان ماهي هذه الأهداف 
+
+254
+00:21:29,010 --> 00:21:32,170
+الثقافية للعالم؟ مافي تلت أهداف ممكن أن نستخرجها 
+
+255
+00:21:32,170 --> 00:21:32,850
+الأهداف الأول 
+
+256
+00:21:36,130 --> 00:21:41,670
+البراجمات إذا في نظام غربي رقسمالي بدنا نروّج 
+
+257
+00:21:41,670 --> 00:21:45,890
+لفلسفته لثقافته الفلسفة هنا بمعنى الثقافة فلسفة 
+
+258
+00:21:45,890 --> 00:21:52,470
+الثقافة والعلم فنريد أن نروّج للثقافة الغربية 
+
+259
+00:21:52,470 --> 00:21:57,810
+الأجنبية وهذه الثقافة اتنين ايضا فضل 
+
+260
+00:22:01,480 --> 00:22:05,020
+بارك الله فيك، فهذه الثقافة اللي بنروّج إليها، 
+
+261
+00:22:05,020 --> 00:22:10,460
+بنفرضها أفرد، بنعلمها ونعممها على الجميع حتى تصبح 
+
+262
+00:22:10,460 --> 00:22:16,460
+ثقافة الجميع، وبالتالي الهدف الثالث، طبعا الأهداف 
+
+263
+00:22:16,460 --> 00:22:19,580
+كلها مكملة لبعض، يعني مش منفصلة عن بعض، مش هدف 
+
+264
+00:22:19,580 --> 00:22:24,100
+مفصل، نبدأ بكذا ثم كذا ثم كذا، نعم يا أخواتي، من 
+
+265
+00:22:24,100 --> 00:22:26,180
+الأخوات اللي ما سمعناهمش، فضله 
+
+266
+00:22:29,310 --> 00:22:33,610
+وبالتالي برك الله فيك إلغاء الهوية الثقافية وما 
+
+267
+00:22:33,610 --> 00:22:36,810
+تتميز به كل أمة أو كل شعب عن غيره من الأمم أو 
+
+268
+00:22:36,810 --> 00:22:42,030
+الشعوب واستبدالها وإلغاء هذه الهوية الشخصية 
+
+269
+00:22:42,030 --> 00:22:49,080
+المميزة لأي أمة من الأمم أو شعب من الشعوب و عملاء 
+
+270
+00:22:49,080 --> 00:22:53,000
+الغرب في العالم الإسلامي كما رأيناهم في العلمانية 
+
+271
+00:22:53,000 --> 00:22:58,100
+ومن قبل في الاستشراق وفي التغريب يروّجون للعالمة 
+
+272
+00:22:58,100 --> 00:23:02,900
+ويحاولون تعميم هذه الثقافة وهذه الفلسفة القائمة 
+
+273
+00:23:02,900 --> 00:23:10,190
+على المادة والفكر الغربي العلماني هذه أهداف الثقافة 
+
+274
+00:23:10,190 --> 00:23:16,110
+يتبع ذلك أثار أو ينتج عن ذلك أثار لهذه العالمة 
+
+275
+00:23:16,110 --> 00:23:21,450
+يجنيها أو تجنيها الشعوب غير الأمريكية والغربية 
+
+276
+00:23:21,450 --> 00:23:26,770
+اللي تفرض ثقافتها على الآخرين ونحن كعالم إسلامي 
+
+277
+00:23:26,770 --> 00:23:32,630
+بالدرجة الأولى لأننا نحن المستهدفون من هذه العالمة 
+
+278
+00:23:32,630 --> 00:23:36,410
+وفرض هذه الثقافة الغربية من هذه الأثار يا أخواتي 
+
+279
+00:23:36,410 --> 00:23:42,230
+عند خمس أثار يمكن أن نرصدها هدف الأثار الأول اتفضل 
+
+280
+00:23:42,230 --> 00:23:44,990
+أقول مشهورة الثقافة الاستهلاكية حيث ان العالم 
+
+281
+00:23:44,990 --> 00:23:49,130
+متمشج لثقافة الاستهلاك التي بتخدمها كادة قوية من 
+
+282
+00:23:49,130 --> 00:23:52,790
+أجل إطلاق شعبات الاستهلاك إلى أقصى عنها ومبتالي 
+
+283
+00:23:52,790 --> 00:23:56,390
+تشجيع الأعراف السائلة في العالم أحسنت وبرك الله 
+
+284
+00:23:56,390 --> 00:24:02,820
+فيك، هذا أهم شيء وأخطر شيء بدأ يعني يتفش في العالم 
+
+285
+00:24:02,820 --> 00:24:08,100
+الإسلامي أو غير الأوروبي والأمريكي تعود العالم 
+
+286
+00:24:08,100 --> 00:24:12,760
+العربي والإسلامي على الاستهلاك أن يستورد كل ما عند 
+
+287
+00:24:12,760 --> 00:24:17,580
+الغرب ويأخذ كل ما عند الغرب ليستهلكه ويستخدمه لا 
+
+288
+00:24:17,580 --> 00:24:21,280
+بيفكر ينتج ولا يخترع ولا يصدر ولا يفعل يأخذ 
+
+289
+00:24:21,280 --> 00:24:26,680
+ويستهلك يشتري أشياء جاهزة فيستهلكها يعني خدماتية 
+
+290
+00:24:26,680 --> 00:24:32,260
+في حياته هم يفكرون و يخططون و يبدعون و يصدرون و 
+
+291
+00:24:32,260 --> 00:24:36,780
+ينتجون و بيستفيدوا و بيربحوا و نحن فقط يعني نستقبل 
+
+292
+00:24:36,780 --> 00:24:42,380
+و نستهلك هذه الثقافة اللي فرضوها علينا ليس لكم إلا 
+
+293
+00:24:42,380 --> 00:24:47,260
+أن تتقبلوا بضاعتنا و سلعاتنا و أغذيتنا و موادنا 
+
+294
+00:24:47,260 --> 00:24:51,160
+احنا بنعملها و بننتجها و انتوا يعني ماعليكم إلا أن 
+
+295
+00:24:51,160 --> 00:25:00,240
+تستهلكوها اتنين من هذه الأثار ميه من الأخوات؟ فضل 
+
+296
+00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:05,660
+الأخت اللي وراك نعم، 
+
+297
+00:25:05,660 --> 00:25:10,300
+برك الله فيك، إذا هذا يتقاطع أو تتقاطع فيه العالم 
+
+298
+00:25:10,300 --> 00:25:14,800
+مع التغريب كونه وسيلة من وسائله، مش من وسائل 
+
+299
+00:25:14,800 --> 00:25:20,470
+التغريب، رابعا العالم من أثار هذه العالمة هو 
+
+300
+00:25:20,470 --> 00:25:26,850
+التغريب الذي يستهدفون به المسلمين ليكونوا غربيين 
+
+301
+00:25:26,850 --> 00:25:32,850
+في ثقافتهم هنا ومعزولين عن قضايا شعوبهم وأمتهم 
+
+302
+00:25:32,850 --> 00:25:38,510
+وهمومها هذا المطلوب حصر المسلمين في هذه الثقافة 
+
+303
+00:25:38,510 --> 00:25:41,830
+الاستهلاكية والغربية الأجنبية 
+
+304
+00:25:44,380 --> 00:25:48,840
+تلاتة من هذه الأثار أخوات إشاعت ما يسمى بأدب الجنس 
+
+305
+00:25:48,840 --> 00:25:52,080
+وثقافة العنف التي عليها الغرب اليوم يريدون لهذه 
+
+306
+00:25:52,080 --> 00:25:56,340
+الثقافة أن تشيع بين المسلمين كما هو الحال في 
+
+307
+00:25:56,340 --> 00:26:01,600
+العالم الغربي والأجنبي و قد شاعت بالفعل وللأسف 
+
+308
+00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:05,000
+الشديد في كثير من مولدان العالم العربي والإسلامي 
+
+309
+00:26:05,000 --> 00:26:09,500
+و ليزال هذا العالم يعاني من هذه الثقافة التي تجري 
+
+310
+00:26:09,500 --> 00:26:14,420
+ورا الشهوات وتحقيق الرغبات النفس بعيدا عن الدين 
+
+311
+00:26:14,420 --> 00:26:19,560
+والأخلاق والحياء وغيرها وثقافة العنف التي يراونها 
+
+312
+00:26:19,560 --> 00:26:25,280
+في الأفلام التي يشاهدونها عبر القنوات الفضائية 
+
+313
+00:26:25,280 --> 00:26:32,920
+والإعلانات والدعايات وغيرها يستمع إليه أو يشاهده 
+
+314
+00:26:32,920 --> 00:26:40,180
+العالم العربي والإسلامي عن الغرب أثر رابع من هذه 
+
+315
+00:26:40,180 --> 00:26:46,700
+الأثار أيضا أثر العالم الثقافية تفضل مش عارف 
+
+316
+00:26:46,700 --> 00:26:47,400
+اسمه؟ 
+
+317
+00:27:04,200 --> 00:27:10,940
+ماعنكش ثقافة غربية و لا ثقافة أجنبية اسمه Michael 
+
+318
+00:27:10,940 --> 00:27:16,230
+Jackson يعني على الأقل اسمه حتى اللي عمره شافته 
+
+319
+00:27:16,230 --> 00:27:21,130
+ماتشوفوش أحصلها فاحنا ان شاء الله ما نعرف .. اه 
+
+320
+00:27:21,130 --> 00:27:23,930
+فهذا الراجل مشهور في الغرب و في أمريكا و في أوروبا 
+
+321
+00:27:23,930 --> 00:27:28,250
+و في عالم العربي و الإسلام و عندنا كمان في .. يعني 
+
+322
+00:27:28,250 --> 00:27:33,010
+لم يقعد أحد يجهل هذا الاسم حتى لو لم يشاهده أو إلا 
+
+323
+00:27:33,010 --> 00:27:37,920
+يكون قد رأاه ولو بالخطأ هنا أو هناك قيل عنه أنه 
+
+324
+00:27:37,920 --> 00:27:43,540
+أسلم، لا ندري مدى صحة هذا الخبر، أنا أقول قيل عنه، 
+
+325
+00:27:43,540 --> 00:27:47,200
+ولكن لا ندري مدى صحة هذا الخبر، عشان اللي سمع هذا 
+
+326
+00:27:47,200 --> 00:27:52,560
+الخبر يعني يتحقق منه و أيضا دخل علينا مين كمان؟ 
+
+327
+00:27:52,560 --> 00:27:58,200
+رامبو البطل الذي لا يقهر اللي بيحمل الإسلاح البطل 
+
+328
+00:27:58,200 --> 00:28:03,100
+الفولاذي الكذا الكذا وهذا يا أخوات يعني انتبهوا 
+
+329
+00:28:03,100 --> 00:28:07,000
+إلى الخبث والدهاء والمكر الأمريكي والأوروبي والأجد 
+
+330
+00:28:07,020 --> 00:28:10,540
+هذا رمز الرجل الأمريكي الذي .. الراجل الذي لا يقهر 
+
+331
+00:28:10,540 --> 00:28:14,780
+هو أمريكي هذا رمز و رسالة قوية للشعوب العربية 
+
+332
+00:28:14,780 --> 00:28:19,620
+والإسلامية أن الراجل الأمريكي ما له لا يقهر بطل من 
+
+333
+00:28:19,620 --> 00:28:23,560
+حديد فولاذي هذا مهما ��كر أحد العالم أن يقهره أو 
+
+334
+00:28:23,560 --> 00:28:28,000
+ينتصر عليه لن يستطيع فبكونوا مئات مطخوا عليه 
+
+335
+00:28:28,000 --> 00:28:33,610
+و بيصوب عليه فلا يتأثر أو يعني مهما فعل هؤلاء، هذا 
+
+336
+00:28:33,610 --> 00:28:37,890
+رمز، نوع من الإحاء والرمزية ورسالة قوية للعالم، 
+
+337
+00:28:37,890 --> 00:28:42,350
+يعني هو ما بي .. بي .. بي .. بيصدروا أفلام هكذا 
+
+338
+00:28:42,350 --> 00:28:45,970
+لمجرد أنها أفلام، بيحطوا فيها رسائل معينة في هذه 
+
+339
+00:28:45,970 --> 00:28:50,610
+الأفلام لتصل إلى العالم العربي والإسلامي والعالم 
+
+340
+00:28:50,610 --> 00:28:57,030
+كله خمسة أيضا من أثر هذه الثقافة، فضل يا أخت 
+
+341
+00:29:07,650 --> 00:29:11,390
+بارك الله فيك و ده واضح جدا يا أخوات و ما ننظر دايما 
+
+342
+00:29:11,390 --> 00:29:16,210
+إلى قطعنا الصغير الكذا و إن كان فيه ما يكفيه لكن 
+
+343
+00:29:16,210 --> 00:29:21,210
+بدنا أيضا ننظر إلى العالم العربي والإسلام فكثير من 
+
+344
+00:29:21,210 --> 00:29:25,110
+نساءنا وأولادنا حتى كمان و بناتنا وغيرها ذكورا 
+
+345
+00:29:25,110 --> 00:29:30,280
+و إناثا يقلدون الغرب و أوروبا في أزيائهم في مطاعمهم 
+
+346
+00:29:30,280 --> 00:29:33,620
+في مأكلاتهم في منتجاتهم في منتجاتهم يعني على 
+
+347
+00:29:33,620 --> 00:29:36,960
+الطريقة الغربية الأجنبية الأوروبية و هكذا و هذا 
+
+348
+00:29:36,960 --> 00:29:41,220
+نوع من التغريب واضح و اتكلمنا عنه كثيرا في الحديث 
+
+349
+00:29:41,220 --> 00:29:45,480
+عن التغريب حتى أصبحت و دي ثقافة الآن أنا بتكلم عن 
+
+350
+00:29:45,480 --> 00:29:50,420
+ثقافة من أثارة أزياء نساء و بنات المسلمين و أولاد 
+
+351
+00:29:50,420 --> 00:29:55,140
+المسلمين تحمل عبارات غربية أجنبية أمريكية أحيانا 
+
+352
+00:29:55,140 --> 00:30:00,280
+يابانية صينية فيها كلمات يخجل الإنسان ويستحي في هذا 
+
+353
+00:30:00,280 --> 00:30:05,200
+المقام بين أخواته المسلمات أن يذكرها مكتوبة على 
+
+354
+00:30:05,200 --> 00:30:10,320
+هذه البلايز وهذه الأقمشة وهذه الكلمات باللغة 
+
+355
+00:30:10,320 --> 00:30:14,060
+الإنجليزية ربما كثير مننا لا ينتبه إليها أو لا 
+
+356
+00:30:14,060 --> 00:30:19,100
+يعرف معناها لكن يكون معناها مقصود و مغزاها مقصود 
+
+357
+00:30:19,100 --> 00:30:22,680
+بيلبسها شبابنا و أحيانا بصلف المزج وهي مكتوب عليها 
+
+358
+00:30:22,680 --> 00:30:27,710
+و هو لا يعلم واللي ورا بتطلع فيه اللي بيعرف يعرف 
+
+359
+00:30:27,710 --> 00:30:31,990
+و اللي ما بيعرفش ما بيعرفه لكنها مقصود وقد تحمل أسماء 
+
+360
+00:30:31,990 --> 00:30:37,170
+آلهات اليابانيين و الصينيين و الهنود و بوذا و غيرها 
+
+361
+00:30:37,170 --> 00:30:41,470
+و قد تحمل الشرط و أنا نصلي فيها كأولادنا و نستوردها 
+
+362
+00:30:41,470 --> 00:30:46,370
+و نستقبلها دون أن نفتش عن معناها أو ننتبه إلى 
+
+363
+00:30:46,370 --> 00:30:51,070
+معناها ونكون مقصودة في انتشارها بين أبناء و بنات 
+
+364
+00:30:51,070 --> 00:30:51,630
+المسلمين 
+
+365
+00:30:54,430 --> 00:30:57,630
+الهدف الثاني و الأخير طبعا في الأهداف لأن احنا 
+
+366
+00:30:57,630 --> 00:31:03,910
+هدفين الهدف الديني والذي يتبعه الأثار الدينية 
+
+367
+00:31:03,910 --> 00:31:08,370
+باختصار لأنه طيلة فيه لأنه معنيين بكسب الوقت 
+
+368
+00:31:08,370 --> 00:31:13,150
+و الانتهاء خاصة أنه اتأخرنا يعني شوية كون هذه 
+
+369
+00:31:13,150 --> 00:31:17,530
+العالمة يا أخوات قد أتت إلينا من الغرب و هذا الغرب 
+
+370
+00:31:17,530 --> 00:31:22,650
+ماله؟ مسلم، مؤمن، زينة ولا ماله؟ كافر معروف 
+
+371
+00:31:22,650 --> 00:31:26,450
+العلمانية تعني فصل الدين وعزله و بالتالي العولمة 
+
+372
+00:31:26,450 --> 00:31:31,310
+كذلك إذا هو يهدف إلى إقصاء و إبعاد المسلمين عن 
+
+373
+00:31:31,310 --> 00:31:36,310
+دينهم وآيات كثيرة بتوصف لنا هذا العدو بأنه لن يرضى 
+
+374
+00:31:36,310 --> 00:31:40,070
+عنه لا اليهود ولا النصارى حتى نتبع ملتهم و لن ترضى 
+
+375
+00:31:40,070 --> 00:31:44,610
+عنك اليهود ولا النصارى حتى تتبع ملتهم وآيات كثيرة 
+
+376
+00:31:44,610 --> 00:31:49,190
+و ذا كاتب مسلم جلال أمين يشخص لنا حال العولمة 
+
+377
+00:31:49,190 --> 00:31:55,270
+والقائمين عليها بأن المسلمين يكرهونهم ليس فقط 
+
+378
+00:31:55,270 --> 00:32:00,210
+للنحيا الاقتصادية كما يتوهم البعض لعالم الاقتصادية 
+
+379
+00:32:00,210 --> 00:32:04,130
+و إنما بسبب 
+
+380
+00:32:04,130 --> 00:32:08,770
+ديني لأنهم يريدون أن يصدروا لنا شيء في هذا الجانب 
+
+381
+00:32:08,770 --> 00:32:14,110
+و المجال يا أخوات تفضلي الخشكية في المنطقات الدينية 
+
+382
+00:32:14,110 --> 00:32:17,350
+و طرس المقدسات لشعوب المسلمة لصالح الحكومة المادية 
+
+383
+00:32:17,350 --> 00:32:20,270
+اللا دينية بارك الله فيك، يعني هذا برضه من أهداف 
+
+384
+00:32:20,270 --> 00:32:23,490
+الاستشراق والتغريب وغير أن يشككون في معتقداتنا 
+
+385
+00:32:23,490 --> 00:32:27,230
+و عقيدتنا و مقدساتنا ويحلوا بدلا منها فلسفتهم 
+
+386
+00:32:27,230 --> 00:32:29,030
+المادية الغربية 
+
+387
+00:32:32,690 --> 00:32:35,910
+نعم، برضه هذا يتقاطعوا فيه مع العلمانية و مع 
+
+388
+00:32:35,910 --> 00:32:39,430
+التغريب و مع غيرهم، بدهم يقصوا الإسلام و يعزلوا عن 
+
+389
+00:32:39,430 --> 00:32:43,230
+الحكم و التشريع، هذه من ضمن العولمة اللي يريدوا أن 
+
+390
+00:32:43,230 --> 00:32:47,410
+يصدروها إلى العالم العربي و الإسلامي تلاتة، و هذا 
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZZ8ASUiLEKVKvwcEdfmB_y/Cn58sny-6jM.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1371 @@
+
+1
+00:00:20,750 --> 00:00:24,310
+الحمد لله يا رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف 
+
+2
+00:00:24,310 --> 00:00:29,430
+الخلق وسيد المرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه 
+
+3
+00:00:29,430 --> 00:00:33,750
+أجمعين اللهم لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا إنك أنت 
+
+4
+00:00:33,750 --> 00:00:38,910
+العليم الحكيم اللهم علمنا ما ينفعنا وانفعنا بما 
+
+5
+00:00:38,910 --> 00:00:43,730
+علمتنا وازيدنا علمة آمين يا رب العالمين أما بعد 
+
+6
+00:00:43,730 --> 00:00:50,990
+كان الحديث يا أخوات في المحاضرة الماضية عن أتبقى من 
+
+7
+00:00:50,990 --> 00:00:57,130
+الجاهلية حدثنا فيه عن خصائص المجتمع الجاهلي مقابل 
+
+8
+00:00:57,130 --> 00:01:02,850
+خصائص المجتمع الإسلامي وكان أخر الحديث في الجاهلية 
+
+9
+00:01:02,850 --> 00:01:09,250
+حول صور للمجتمعات الجاهلية واكتفين بالعناوين كما 
+
+10
+00:01:09,250 --> 00:01:13,510
+قلنا لكم وانتهينا في المحاضرة الماضية من الحديث عن 
+
+11
+00:01:13,510 --> 00:01:19,200
+الجاهلية لندخل إلى موضوع جديد في هذه المحاضرة هو 
+
+12
+00:01:19,200 --> 00:01:25,020
+الحروب الصليبية سنتعرف في محاضرة اليوم على سبب 
+
+13
+00:01:25,020 --> 00:01:29,060
+تسمية الحروب الصليبية بالحروب الصليبية ما سبب 
+
+14
+00:01:29,060 --> 00:01:36,040
+تسميتها بهذا الإسم كذلك ما الدوافع الحقيقية من وراء 
+
+15
+00:01:36,040 --> 00:01:42,340
+هذه الحروب كذلك ما هي أهداف الحروب الصليبية ما هي 
+
+16
+00:01:42,340 --> 00:01:47,860
+الأهداف من وراء الحروب الصليبية وأيضا ما هي الحالة 
+
+17
+00:01:47,860 --> 00:01:52,100
+التي كان يعيشها المسلمون قبل الحروب الصليبية 
+
+18
+00:01:52,100 --> 00:02:02,040
+وأخيرا نتعرف على جهاد المسلمين ضد الصليبيين الذي 
+
+19
+00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:09,020
+انتهى هذا الجهاد بهزيمتهم الساحقة وإجلائهم نهائيا 
+
+20
+00:02:09,020 --> 00:02:15,060
+عن بلاد المسلمين لماذا 
+
+21
+00:02:15,060 --> 00:02:18,840
+سميت الحروب الصليبية بهذا الإسم يا أخوات؟ هناك في 
+
+22
+00:02:18,840 --> 00:02:23,200
+أسباب، في ثلاث أسباب، الكاتب والمؤلف يذكرها لنا، 
+
+23
+00:02:23,200 --> 00:02:30,990
+أشري هذه الأسباب الثلاثة، واحد إذن الصليبية رمز أو 
+
+24
+00:02:30,990 --> 00:02:35,530
+الصليب رمز للنصرانين فهذه الحرب قامت باسم الدين 
+
+25
+00:02:35,530 --> 00:02:44,830
+والصليب رمز لهذا الدين ثانيًا زعماء 
+
+26
+00:02:44,830 --> 00:02:49,370
+الكنيسة ورجال الكنيسة هم الذين دعوا إلى هذه الحروب 
+
+27
+00:02:49,370 --> 00:02:53,710
+إذن هي حروب صليبية دينية يعني اللي قام بها رجال 
+
+28
+00:02:53,710 --> 00:03:00,980
+الدين ودعوا إليها ثلاثة قعد اتخذ المشتركون فيها مش 
+
+29
+00:03:00,980 --> 00:03:06,600
+الصليب الأحمر الصليب الأحمر قد عنا الصليب وإن كان 
+
+30
+00:03:06,600 --> 00:03:13,280
+أحمرا يعني في الشعار الذي يرفعونه كانوا يخيطون هذا 
+
+31
+00:03:13,280 --> 00:03:17,360
+الشعار الصليب على ملابسهم على ملابس الجنود 
+
+32
+00:03:17,360 --> 00:03:23,140
+الخارجين للمعرف وحملوا الصليب يعني شعارًا لهم وفي 
+
+33
+00:03:23,140 --> 00:03:26,500
+راياتهم كان الصليب واضح وبارز 
+
+34
+00:03:31,730 --> 00:03:35,570
+المسلمين وعلماء المسلمين والمؤرخين لهذه الحرب أن 
+
+35
+00:03:35,570 --> 00:03:40,710
+يصفوها بالصليبية لأنه كانت باسم الدين النصراني و 
+
+36
+00:03:40,710 --> 00:03:44,090
+لدعا إليها رجال الكنيسة وحملوا ورفعوا الصليب 
+
+37
+00:03:44,090 --> 00:03:49,050
+شعارًا له طب 
+
+38
+00:03:49,050 --> 00:03:53,870
+ما جت دوافع وراء هذه الحرب .. هذه الحروب؟ لماذا خرج 
+
+39
+00:03:53,870 --> 00:04:00,350
+الصليبيون لمحاربة المسلمين والعالم الإسلامي؟ هناك 
+
+40
+00:04:00,350 --> 00:04:06,810
+دوافع عديدة ذكرها النصارى والمؤرخون مثل الدوافع 
+
+41
+00:04:06,810 --> 00:04:12,650
+السياسية والاقتصادية والتجارية وغيرها من الدوافع 
+
+42
+00:04:12,650 --> 00:04:20,270
+وأهملوا دافعًا أساسيًا ورئيسًا ويقف على رأس كل 
+
+43
+00:04:20,270 --> 00:04:26,010
+الدوافع وهو الدافع الديني وهو الدافع الحقيقي وراء 
+
+44
+00:04:26,010 --> 00:04:29,550
+هذه الحروب ولذلك احنا اللي هنركز عليه هو هذا 
+
+45
+00:04:29,550 --> 00:04:35,320
+الدافع نترك ونهمل باقي الدوافع وإن كانت موجودة وإن 
+
+46
+00:04:35,320 --> 00:04:43,900
+كانت في بالهم ومن ضمن الدوافع التي انطلقوا من 
+
+47
+00:04:43,900 --> 00:04:48,320
+أجلها لكنها ليست هي الدافع الحقيقي والأصلي الدافع 
+
+48
+00:04:48,320 --> 00:04:51,760
+الحقيقي والأصلي وراء هذه الحروب كانت دافع الدين 
+
+49
+00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:57,570
+وسنرى الشواهد والأدلة على ذلك بعد قليل عشان كده 
+
+50
+00:04:57,570 --> 00:05:03,490
+الكاتب بيعنون وبيقلف .. بيعنون لنا الدوافع بتدافع 
+
+51
+00:05:03,490 --> 00:05:08,690
+الدين وليس الدوافع ورا الحروب الديني ورا الحروب 
+
+52
+00:05:08,690 --> 00:05:12,670
+الصليبية أو للحروب الصليبية فهو المحرك الرئيس 
+
+53
+00:05:12,670 --> 00:05:18,200
+للحروبالصليبية أو المسيحية ضد العالم الإسلامي 
+
+54
+00:05:18,200 --> 00:05:22,480
+والدليل كما قلنا العام قبل قليل في سبب تسميته 
+
+55
+00:05:22,480 --> 00:05:26,580
+بالحروب الصليبية أن البابوات ورجال الكنيسة هم من 
+
+56
+00:05:26,580 --> 00:05:32,260
+دعوا إلى هذه الحروب وسنرى أدلة وشواهد تؤكد وتثبت 
+
+57
+00:05:32,260 --> 00:05:37,040
+لنا هذا الدافع الدين الأصلي والأساسي عندي شواهد 
+
+58
+00:05:37,040 --> 00:05:42,540
+كثيرة على رأس هذه الشواهد وأول هذه الشواهد كمانرى 
+
+59
+00:05:42,540 --> 00:05:47,900
+أن الذين دعوا أو أول من دع إليها ما لهم؟ باباوات 
+
+60
+00:05:47,900 --> 00:05:52,900
+كلّه البابا فلان والبابا والبابا مين أول من دع 
+
+61
+00:05:52,900 --> 00:05:57,240
+إلى هذه الحروب الصليبية من هؤلاء الباباوات؟ من 
+
+62
+00:05:57,240 --> 00:06:04,060
+الأخوات سلفستار الثاني وحسب الترتيب الزمني والتاريخ 
+
+63
+00:06:04,060 --> 00:06:07,860
+لو .. لو هنشوف التواريخ هنلاقي في الف و متين .. 
+
+64
+00:06:07,860 --> 00:06:11,240
+الف و اتنين عفوا ميلادي الف و اتنين ميلادي هذا 
+
+65
+00:06:11,240 --> 00:06:15,480
+البابا دعا الى هذه الحرب و أول من دعا إليه هذا 
+
+66
+00:06:15,480 --> 00:06:19,500
+السؤال المهم من أول من دعا الى الحروب الصليبية كان 
+
+67
+00:06:19,500 --> 00:06:25,920
+هذا البابا سلفستار الثاني ثم تلاه من في البابوات 
+
+68
+00:06:25,920 --> 00:06:27,400
+اه 
+
+69
+00:06:29,020 --> 00:06:34,780
+في بعض الكتب يعني بتبدأ بحرف الغين غيري جوريس أو 
+
+70
+00:06:34,780 --> 00:06:38,960
+غيري جوريس يعني هذا اللفظ لهذا البابا الثاني برضه 
+
+71
+00:06:38,960 --> 00:06:42,320
+في العام الف و خمسة و سبعين يعني بعد الف و اتنين 
+
+72
+00:06:42,320 --> 00:06:49,940
+في هذا التاريخ ثم تلاه البابا أربان الثاني وهذا 
+
+73
+00:06:49,940 --> 00:06:54,340
+البابا اللي هو في ألف و خمسة وتسعين بدأت الجيوش 
+
+74
+00:06:54,340 --> 00:07:00,140
+النصرانية بالتحرك الفعلي في عهده يعني الأوائل 
+
+75
+00:07:00,140 --> 00:07:06,240
+البابا سلفستر الثاني وغيرهم كانوا قد دعوا وحردوا 
+
+76
+00:07:06,240 --> 00:07:10,480
+على هذه الحرب لكن من بدأت الجيوش بالفعل تتحرك في 
+
+77
+00:07:10,480 --> 00:07:14,580
+عهده هو البابا أربان الثاني والكلام القادم كله 
+
+78
+00:07:14,580 --> 00:07:19,180
+عليه قام البابا ادعى البابا حث البابا المقصود بيه 
+
+79
+00:07:19,180 --> 00:07:22,820
+مين؟ أربان الثاني لأنه ربما مش مذكور الاسم لكن 
+
+80
+00:07:22,820 --> 00:07:27,260
+احنا نعرف لوحنا أن هذا المقصود بيه هو أربان الثاني 
+
+81
+00:07:27,260 --> 00:07:33,920
+الذي وقف في مجمع Clermont بفرنسا في هذا العام الف و 
+
+82
+00:07:33,920 --> 00:07:38,360
+خمسة وتسعين يلقي موعظة مؤثرة في جموع النصارى 
+
+83
+00:07:38,360 --> 00:07:43,450
+الذين احتشدوا لسماع كلامه وموعظته فحثهم في هذه 
+
+84
+00:07:43,450 --> 00:07:51,550
+الموعظة على محاربة المسلمين وتخليص قبر المسيح من 
+
+85
+00:07:51,550 --> 00:07:55,310
+أيدي المسلمين لأنه في اعتقاد النصارى أين قبر 
+
+86
+00:07:55,310 --> 00:08:00,370
+المسيح يا أخوات اه في بلاد الشام في بيت المقدس 
+
+87
+00:08:00,370 --> 00:08:05,810
+تحديدًا في بيت لحم كما يعتقدون أو حتى لا الأصاح أنه 
+
+88
+00:08:05,810 --> 00:08:09,950
+في القدس وليس في بيت لحم بيت لحم كنيسة المهد حيث 
+
+89
+00:08:09,950 --> 00:08:13,810
+ولادة المسيح ولد في بيت لحم وهناك كنيسة المهد 
+
+90
+00:08:13,810 --> 00:08:20,850
+الموجودة لكن موته ودفنه حسب اعتقاد النصارى نحن لا 
+
+91
+00:08:20,850 --> 00:08:26,400
+نعتقد لا بموته ولا بدفنه حسب اعتقاد النصارى أن موته 
+
+92
+00:08:26,400 --> 00:08:33,900
+ودفنه في بيت المقدس في مدينة القدس نحن في اعتقادنا 
+
+93
+00:08:33,900 --> 00:08:41,200
+كمسلمين أن المسيح لم يقتل ولم يصلب بنص القرآن وما 
+
+94
+00:08:41,200 --> 00:08:47,300
+قتلوه وما صلبوه ولكن شبه له وفي آية أخرى بل رفعه 
+
+95
+00:08:47,300 --> 00:08:55,920
+الله إليه فكانوا يركزون على أتباعهم في وصياهم وفي 
+
+96
+00:08:55,920 --> 00:09:00,760
+مواعظهم على تخليص قبر المسيح كيف ترضاهم كنصارى أن 
+
+97
+00:09:00,760 --> 00:09:04,900
+يكون قبر مسيحكم تحت حكم المسلمين تحت أيدي المسلمين 
+
+98
+00:09:04,900 --> 00:09:09,900
+فكانوا يركزون على هذه القضية وباقي المقدسات أيضًا 
+
+99
+00:09:09,900 --> 00:09:16,470
+فدعوهم إلى تحرير هذه المقدسات من أيدي المسلمين هذا 
+
+100
+00:09:16,470 --> 00:09:20,730
+البابا والحديث عليه كما قلنا أربان الثاني أيضًا 
+
+101
+00:09:20,730 --> 00:09:24,750
+قام بالتنقل بين المدن والبلدان المسيحية وكان 
+
+102
+00:09:24,750 --> 00:09:30,030
+يحرط الحكام والشعوب لهذه الحروب وحتى أرسل إلى 
+
+103
+00:09:30,030 --> 00:09:35,010
+القوة البحرية اللي تتمركز في البحر حتى تساهم و 
+
+104
+00:09:35,010 --> 00:09:40,010
+تشارك بسفونها ورجالها في هذه الحرب وهذه المعرض 
+
+105
+00:09:40,010 --> 00:09:44,750
+هذه كلها من الأدلة والشباهة الدليل الثالث مين 
+
+106
+00:09:44,750 --> 00:09:48,210
+تتحدثيلنا عنه يا أخوات؟ دليل الثالث الذي يؤكد لنا 
+
+107
+00:09:48,210 --> 00:09:54,950
+على أن هذه الحرب الدافع لها ووراها دافع ديني نعم 
+
+108
+00:09:54,950 --> 00:10:01,930
+دافع الشهاد الثالث اه من الأخوات بس أختين والباقي 
+
+109
+00:10:01,930 --> 00:10:06,450
+نعم عشان نضلنا على نفس الأخوات هما هما ولا هنا 
+
+110
+00:10:06,450 --> 00:10:11,650
+هنا هنا هنا فضل إن بابا قرر التنقل بين البلدان 
+
+111
+00:10:11,650 --> 00:10:16,490
+المدن المسيحية أدّي تكلمنا عنها، نقطة ثالثة احنا 
+
+112
+00:10:16,490 --> 00:10:20,330
+بنحكي الشاهد والدليل الثالث أن هذا البابا أربعين 
+
+113
+00:10:20,330 --> 00:10:25,830
+الثاني ماذا فعل؟ أنابى عنه ادهمار كي نائب اللي هو 
+
+114
+00:10:25,830 --> 00:10:29,510
+كي يشجع من طوابعين الحرب؟ لا هو اسمه ادهمار فقط كي 
+
+115
+00:10:29,510 --> 00:10:34,490
+يشجع، يعني مش اسمه ادهمار كي .. ادهمار كي يشجع من 
+
+116
+00:10:34,490 --> 00:10:37,110
+طوابعين الحرب لكي تكون الكنيسة هي المسيطرة على 
+
+117
+00:10:37,110 --> 00:10:41,700
+الروح الصالدية لدى المقاتلين بارك الله فيك، إذا هنا 
+
+118
+00:10:41,700 --> 00:10:46,480
+كمان بنلمح حتى البابا لم يبدوش يقوم بالأمر بنفسه 
+
+119
+00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:53,120
+يجعل من ينوب عنه من الرتب الكنسية مثل الأسقف 
+
+120
+00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:58,040
+أدهمار دي رتبة عند النصارى يعني الأسقف والبابا 
+
+121
+00:10:58,040 --> 00:11:04,440
+والقمصان والقص وغيرهم يعني هذه الألقاب لهؤلاء أو 
+
+122
+00:11:04,440 --> 00:11:08,380
+الرجال الكنيسة كمان هذا البابا هو نفسه أربان 
+
+123
+00:11:08,380 --> 00:11:09,920
+الثاني ماذا فعل هو؟ 
+
+124
+00:11:22,140 --> 00:11:27,180
+أحسنت وبرك الله فيك، لذا كمان بنلمح من الشواهد 
+
+125
+00:11:27,180 --> 00:11:32,060
+والأدلة على هذا الدافع أن الذي حدد مكان تجمع 
+
+126
+00:11:32,060 --> 00:11:36,720
+الجيوش النصرانية هو البطمن أين ينطلب؟ أين يتجمّب؟ 
+
+127
+00:11:36,720 --> 00:11:39,960
+من أين ينطلب؟ ماذا ينطلب؟ هو الذي وضع هذا التاريخ 
+
+128
+00:11:39,960 --> 00:11:45,650
+وحدده له في شاهد رابع ودليل رابع على أن الدافع 
+
+129
+00:11:45,650 --> 00:11:51,230
+الديني ورا هذه الحروب ما يعرف بحركة الإحياء الديني 
+
+130
+00:11:51,230 --> 00:11:57,810
+ظهرت في تلك المرحلة حركة إحياء ديني حيث ترتب عليها 
+
+131
+00:11:57,810 --> 00:12:02,630
+أمور هامة كان لها دور كبير في هذه الحروب وورا هذه 
+
+132
+00:12:02,630 --> 00:12:08,150
+الحروب في عندي أربع أمور مذكورة مما ترتب على هذه 
+
+133
+00:12:08,150 --> 00:12:15,580
+الحركة حركة الإحياء الديني من هذه الأمور أولا نعم 
+
+134
+00:12:15,580 --> 00:12:21,780
+فقد الرجال والكنيسة لفترة من الزمن سلطتهم و 
+
+135
+00:12:21,780 --> 00:12:25,880
+سطوتهم إلا إنهم في هذه الحقبة عادت لهم هذه السيطرة 
+
+136
+00:12:25,880 --> 00:12:29,580
+بعد حركة الإحياء الديني وحث الناس على الاهتمام 
+
+137
+00:12:29,580 --> 00:12:33,280
+بالدين والتمسك بالدين فأرجعوا الاعتبار لرجال 
+
+138
+00:12:33,280 --> 00:12:38,260
+الكنيسة وللّكنيسة لأن تحكم وتسيطر عليهم هذا كان 
+
+139
+00:12:38,260 --> 00:12:40,900
+من أثار اتنين من الأثار 
+
+140
+00:12:43,780 --> 00:12:47,380
+لمقاومة أو مقاتلة أو محاربة المسلمين أثاروا هذا 
+
+141
+00:12:47,380 --> 00:12:52,880
+الحماس الدين أيضًا فضلًا دهر شعور قوي لأن صاروا 
+
+142
+00:12:52,880 --> 00:12:55,980
+بدرورة ينقضوا الأرض المقدسة يعني صار عندهم في 
+
+143
+00:12:55,980 --> 00:12:59,320
+الأول ماكانوش مهتمين كثيرا لكن بعد هذه الحركة و 
+
+144
+00:12:59,320 --> 00:13:03,620
+بعد هذا البعث الديني في نفسهم صار في عندهم شعور 
+
+145
+00:13:03,620 --> 00:13:07,480
+قوي أنهم لابد أن يستعيدوا الأرض المقدسة لأن هذه 
+
+146
+00:13:07,480 --> 00:13:12,740
+أرض نبيهم بيعتبروها هذه الأرض أرض فلسطين بيت المقدس 
+
+147
+00:13:12,740 --> 00:13:19,120
+هي مهد المسيح والمسيح يعتبرونه هو نبيهم ورسولهم مع 
+
+148
+00:13:19,120 --> 00:13:23,740
+أنهم طبعًا لم يؤمنوا بيه الإيمان الحق قالوه 
+
+149
+00:13:23,740 --> 00:13:27,420
+واعتبروه ابن الإله وقالوا إن الله ثالث وثلاثة وغير 
+
+150
+00:13:27,420 --> 00:13:33,600
+ذلك لكنهم يتمسحون ويتمسكون بهذا النبي الكريم أيضًا 
+
+151
+00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:37,600
+فضلي الأثر الرابع على حركة الإحياء الديني .. 
+
+152
+00:13:41,000 --> 00:13:45,820
+نعم النصارى يحجون كما نحجوا نحن إلى البيت الحرام 
+
+153
+00:13:45,820 --> 00:13:53,100
+يحجون إلى القدس إلى كنيسة القيامة كنيسة المهد يعني 
+
+154
+00:13:53,100 --> 00:13:56,400
+مكان مقدس هو مهد المسيح وميلادي المسيح هو المكان 
+
+155
+00:13:56,400 --> 00:14:01,740
+اللي ولد فيه لكن حجهم المعروف إلى كنيسة القيامة 
+
+156
+00:14:01,740 --> 00:14:08,000
+حيث القدس وبيت المقدس فزاد قوافل الحجاج المتجهة 
+
+157
+00:14:08,000 --> 00:14:12,400
+إلى الشرق فاللي بيروح منه بعداد كبير وبيشوف هذا 
+
+158
+00:14:12,400 --> 00:14:15,920
+المكان والمسلمين يبقوا سيطرين عليه يعزز عنده 
+
+159
+00:14:15,920 --> 00:14:21,020
+الشعور للثقر والانتقام وتخلص هذه الأماكن المقدسة 
+
+160
+00:14:21,020 --> 00:14:25,320
+من أيدي المسلمين مع أنه دخلها المسلمون فاتحين و 
+
+161
+00:14:25,320 --> 00:14:29,840
+بعهد يعني معروف من عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله تعالى 
+
+162
+00:14:29,840 --> 00:14:35,340
+عنه لأنصارى أن يبقوا على كنائسهم وعلى شعائرهم و 
+
+163
+00:14:35,340 --> 00:14:36,940
+على عباداتهم 
+
+164
+00:14:38,880 --> 00:14:42,340
+أيضًا من الأدلة والشواهد على أن الدافع ورا دي 
+
+165
+00:14:42,340 --> 00:14:47,920
+الحروب كان دافعًا دينيًا، فضل دور جماعة الدينية 
+
+166
+00:14:47,920 --> 00:14:51,640
+التي كان لها دور بارز ورغبت في محاربة الإسلام 
+
+167
+00:14:51,640 --> 00:14:56,380
+ومحاربة المسلمين من ضمنها جماعة الفرسان الاسبتارية 
+
+168
+00:14:57,290 --> 00:15:00,570
+برك الله فيك إذا كان في هناك جماعات غير دور 
+
+169
+00:15:00,570 --> 00:15:04,970
+الإحياء الديني كمان فيه جماعات معينة ومعروفة دينية 
+
+170
+00:15:04,970 --> 00:15:13,090
+كانت تقوم بالتحريض والتدريب للجيوش الذين شاركوا في 
+
+171
+00:15:13,090 --> 00:15:17,570
+هذه الحروب وعلى رأس هذه الجماعات جماعتان مشهورتان 
+
+172
+00:15:17
+
+223
+00:19:48,100 --> 00:19:53,500
+أننا شعب واحد موحد مسلم لله رب العالمين أصبحنا
+
+224
+00:19:53,500 --> 00:19:59,270
+أحزابا وفرقا وجماعات شتت وفي كل بلديحتلها المحتل
+
+225
+00:19:59,270 --> 00:20:06,710
+والمستعمر يسعى إلى ذلك أيضًا من أهداف الحروب
+
+226
+00:20:06,710 --> 00:20:11,830
+الصليبية تشجيع العقيدة الإسلامية وتشجيع العقائد
+
+227
+00:20:11,830 --> 00:20:14,870
+والأفكار اللا دينية مقحتها توقف من قضاء على
+
+228
+00:20:14,870 --> 00:20:19,110
+الإسلام وآخر وده يا أخوات ما يؤكد أكثر فأكثر
+
+229
+00:20:19,110 --> 00:20:24,900
+الدافع الديني أن هم انطلقوا من دافع ديندافع لذلك
+
+230
+00:20:24,900 --> 00:20:29,820
+ودافع ديني كما رأينا وشاهدنا واتينا بالأدلة هنا من
+
+231
+00:20:29,820 --> 00:20:36,020
+أهدافهم هو أن يشككوا المسلمين في عقائدهم ويشجعوا
+
+232
+00:20:36,020 --> 00:20:41,480
+الأفكار اللا دينية طب لماذا هذا الهدف منهم؟ ليش
+
+233
+00:20:41,480 --> 00:20:46,700
+بيسعوا إلى هذا الهدف الكبير والبعيد؟ تفضل
+
+234
+00:20:49,850 --> 00:20:54,150
+ماذا سيستفيدون إذا أبعدوا المسلمين عن دينهم؟
+
+235
+00:21:02,200 --> 00:21:05,760
+مين من الأخوات كمان نضيف؟ يعني احنا هنسمع منكم هذا
+
+236
+00:21:05,760 --> 00:21:12,880
+التعليق المهم لماذا يركز أعداء الإسلام على التشكيك
+
+237
+00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:17,540
+المسلمين بعقيدتهم كما تفضلت الأخت وذكرت أنه يعني
+
+238
+00:21:17,540 --> 00:21:21,960
+في ذلك إضعاف للمسلمين ربما حتى يسول على دين المسيح
+
+239
+00:21:21,960 --> 00:21:28,440
+يعني يسول عليهم نشر الدين النصراني أو المسيح برضه
+
+240
+00:21:28,440 --> 00:21:29,780
+يعني إضافة كويسة
+
+241
+00:21:34,410 --> 00:21:37,170
+تشكيل في العقيدة يعني تشكيل في الجهاد اللي طارد
+
+242
+00:21:37,170 --> 00:21:40,790
+على المسلمين وبالتالي هو شركة المسلمين بتسرع على
+
+243
+00:21:40,790 --> 00:21:46,280
+الشركةبرك الله فيه قبل قليل قلنا من أهدافهم تقسيم
+
+244
+00:21:46,280 --> 00:21:49,460
+العالم الإسلامي إلى دوائلات ضعيفة والآن مجرد تشكيك
+
+245
+00:21:49,460 --> 00:21:54,800
+في عقيدتهم هذا الهدف يكمل هذا الهدف حيث يعلم أعداء
+
+246
+00:21:54,800 --> 00:22:00,320
+الإسلام أن قوة المسلمين في أمرين ما هما الأمرين
+
+247
+00:22:00,320 --> 00:22:08,310
+هذول؟ الأول منهم عقيدتهمقوة المسلمين في عقيدتهم
+
+248
+00:22:08,310 --> 00:22:15,050
+وفي دينهم العمل الثاني هو في وحدتهم فلنعمل على
+
+249
+00:22:15,050 --> 00:22:20,310
+إضعاف هذا وهذا .. هذا وذا فإذن هم عملوا على هذه
+
+250
+00:22:20,310 --> 00:22:24,290
+المحورين عملوا على تشريك المسلمين في عقيدتهم لأنهم
+
+251
+00:22:24,290 --> 00:22:29,290
+يعلمون أن سر قوة المسلمين في عقيدتهم ما الذي يدفع
+
+252
+00:22:29,290 --> 00:22:35,120
+المسلمين لأن يجابه ويقاوم ويجاهد الأعداءدينهم
+
+253
+00:22:35,120 --> 00:22:39,880
+بحرضهم على ذلك و بيأمرهم بذلك و يمنعهم من أن يرضوا
+
+254
+00:22:39,880 --> 00:22:43,300
+الدنيا في دينهم أو يسيطر عليهم أعداءهم و لن يجعل
+
+255
+00:22:43,300 --> 00:22:46,900
+الله للكافرين على المؤمنين سبيله لا يجوز أن يتحكم
+
+256
+00:22:46,900 --> 00:22:50,680
+الكافر في المسلم و أن يحكمه و يكون الحكم له إن
+
+257
+00:22:50,680 --> 00:22:56,400
+الحكم إلا لله ينبغي أن يحكمنا المسلمون أمثالنا نحن
+
+258
+00:22:56,400 --> 00:23:01,450
+نحكم أنفسنا بأنفسنا لا يجوزللمسلمين أن يقبلوا بأي
+
+259
+00:23:01,450 --> 00:23:05,810
+حكم غير حكم الإسلام بأي شرع غير شرع لا كيف هؤلاء
+
+260
+00:23:05,810 --> 00:23:09,970
+يحكموننا ويسيطرون علينا ويتحكمون فينا لأن ما الذي
+
+261
+00:23:09,970 --> 00:23:15,920
+يدعوهم إلى ذلك كله دينهم عقيدتهمإذا فلنعمل على
+
+262
+00:23:15,920 --> 00:23:21,680
+إضعاف هذه العقيدة فإذا ما أضعفناها يتقبلون هؤلاء
+
+263
+00:23:21,680 --> 00:23:28,200
+الناس يتقبلون ولا ينظرون إلينا كأعداء لهم وخصوم
+
+264
+00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:32,560
+لهم لكن طول ما طالما أنهم متمسكين بدينهم دينهم
+
+265
+00:23:32,560 --> 00:23:37,430
+سيقف حجر عثرةويمنعنا منهم والسيطرة عليه هذا ما
+
+266
+00:23:37,430 --> 00:23:42,290
+علمه الغرب ولا يزال يعلمه ولا يزال يركز عليه ولا
+
+267
+00:23:42,290 --> 00:23:46,270
+يزال يراين عليه أعداء الإسلام في كل زمان وفي كل
+
+268
+00:23:46,270 --> 00:23:51,690
+مكان واليوم كذلك يسعون كل السعي لتشكيك المسلمين في
+
+269
+00:23:51,690 --> 00:23:56,030
+عقيدتهم وإبعادهم عن دينهم طارة بإثارة الشبهات
+
+270
+00:23:56,030 --> 00:24:01,100
+والتهم حول الإسلام والتطرفيعني و كأنه ليس في
+
+271
+00:24:01,100 --> 00:24:04,980
+العالم تطرف إلا عند المسلمين و الإسلام ماتهم اليوم
+
+272
+00:24:04,980 --> 00:24:08,940
+بالتطرف و يدوا أتباعه للقتل و الصور الكاريكاترية
+
+273
+00:24:08,940 --> 00:24:13,800
+اللي كل سنة و ثانية تظهر لنا من هنا و من هناك تشوي
+
+274
+00:24:13,800 --> 00:24:19,180
+صورة هذا النبي الكريم و تصفه بالقاتل
+
+275
+00:24:19,680 --> 00:24:22,720
+يصفون النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم صاحب الخلق العظيم
+
+276
+00:24:22,720 --> 00:24:27,140
+الذي جاء رحمة للعالمين يصفونه بالقاتل والدموي
+
+277
+00:24:27,140 --> 00:24:31,800
+ويدعو قومه إلى القتل وإلى سفك الدماء وقال يقاتل
+
+278
+00:24:31,800 --> 00:24:37,320
+المسلمون الناس هكذا بدون سبب عقيدتنا ومبادئنا أننا
+
+279
+00:24:37,320 --> 00:24:43,570
+لا نقاتل إلا من يقاتلونقاتلوا الذين يقاتلونكم و لا
+
+280
+00:24:43,570 --> 00:24:48,390
+نعتدي على أحد حتى يصورنا البعض هذا هذا كان عندنا
+
+281
+00:24:48,390 --> 00:24:54,150
+الجهاد و القتال انما ذلك كله حينما نقاتل و حينما
+
+282
+00:24:54,150 --> 00:24:58,270
+يعتدى علينا و حينما تحتل أرضنا ليس من حقنا أن
+
+283
+00:24:58,270 --> 00:25:03,920
+ندافع عن أنفسنا فنوصف بالتطرف و الإرهابهذا التشويه
+
+284
+00:25:03,920 --> 00:25:07,860
+مقصود حتى يشوي صورة هذا الإسلام العظيم عندنا
+
+285
+00:25:07,860 --> 00:25:12,700
+وعندهم في الغرب الذي بدأ يقبل على الإسلام بكثرة
+
+286
+00:25:12,700 --> 00:25:17,300
+عشرات بل مئات يوميا من الغربين بيسلموا ويدخلوا في
+
+287
+00:25:17,300 --> 00:25:21,920
+هذا الإسلام وهذا هي ربما الهدف الأكبر والأبعد ورا
+
+288
+00:25:21,920 --> 00:25:26,340
+هذه الحروب وغيرها من الأمور التي يركز عليها أعداء
+
+289
+00:25:26,340 --> 00:25:31,330
+الإسلام والأمر الثاني كما قلنا تفريق المسلمينو
+
+290
+00:25:31,330 --> 00:25:38,410
+تقسيمهم لأن قوتهم في وحدتهموكلنا بنعلم و نحن صغار
+
+291
+00:25:38,410 --> 00:25:44,330
+أيضًا أن الاتحاد قوة و التفرق ضعف أصبح أمر بدهي و
+
+292
+00:25:44,330 --> 00:25:51,490
+من البداية اللي كلنا نعرفه تمامًا فلنتوحد جميعًا و
+
+293
+00:25:51,490 --> 00:25:55,810
+دائمًا على ديننا و على الحق في آيات كثيرة في
+
+294
+00:25:55,810 --> 00:25:59,510
+القرآن الكريم يا أخوات يعني لا يمكن حصره في هذه
+
+295
+00:25:59,510 --> 00:26:02,530
+الدقائق المعدود كافة بآية أو أيتين مذكورات هنا
+
+296
+00:26:02,530 --> 00:26:07,860
+تبين لنا إرادة أعداء الإسلامماذا يريد أعداء
+
+297
+00:26:07,860 --> 00:26:11,420
+الإسلام من المسلمين؟ لماذا يحارب ويقاتل أعداء
+
+298
+00:26:11,420 --> 00:26:17,940
+الإسلام؟ المسلمين يحاربونهم من أجل ماذا؟ من أجل
+
+299
+00:26:17,940 --> 00:26:23,700
+دينهم، يريدون ليطفئوا نور الله بأفواه ونور الله
+
+300
+00:26:23,700 --> 00:26:30,550
+ومين؟ دينه، القرآن والإسلامفهم يريدون ليطفئوا نور
+
+301
+00:26:30,550 --> 00:26:35,470
+الله بوفيه ولكن مقابل هذه الإرادة هناك إرادة غالبة
+
+302
+00:26:35,470 --> 00:26:41,230
+والله غالب على أمله والله متم نوره ولو كره الكافر
+
+303
+00:26:41,230 --> 00:26:46,650
+ولا يزالون يقاتلونكم هذا الفعل لا يزالون بفيد
+
+304
+00:26:46,650 --> 00:26:50,900
+الايةاستمرارين، مش كانوا زمان يقتلونه وانتهوا عن
+
+305
+00:26:50,900 --> 00:26:56,180
+ذلك، لأ ولا يزالون تحتمل الاستمرارية وحتى الى قيام
+
+306
+00:26:56,180 --> 00:27:00,080
+الساعة ولا يزالون يقاتلونكم، لماذا يا رب يقاتلون
+
+307
+00:27:00,080 --> 00:27:06,690
+أعداءنا و أعداء الإسلام؟ولا يزلون يقاتلونكم حتى
+
+308
+00:27:06,690 --> 00:27:12,970
+يردوكم عن دينكم إن استطاعوا إذن هو كل سعيهم هو أن
+
+309
+00:27:12,970 --> 00:27:17,350
+يردونا ويصدونا عن ديننا إن الذين كفروا ينفقون
+
+310
+00:27:17,350 --> 00:27:21,890
+أموالهم أموال طائلة وملايين ومليارات بينفقوها
+
+311
+00:27:21,890 --> 00:27:27,570
+لماذا؟ ليصدوا عن سبيل اللهيصدوا يعني يصدوا الناس
+
+312
+00:27:27,570 --> 00:27:30,550
+يعني يبعدوا الناس عن دين الله حتى لا يدخلوا في هذا
+
+313
+00:27:30,550 --> 00:27:37,790
+الدين العظيم هكذا الآن المعركة في العالم كله بين
+
+314
+00:27:37,790 --> 00:27:42,050
+أعداء الإسلام والمسلمين هي معركة عقيد معركة دين
+
+315
+00:27:42,050 --> 00:27:46,670
+على العقيدة على الدين يريدون مؤمننا أن نتخلى عن
+
+316
+00:27:46,670 --> 00:27:54,980
+ديننا عن عقيدتنا عن مبادئناالتي فيها قوتنا و لن
+
+317
+00:27:54,980 --> 00:28:04,500
+تكون لنا قوة إلا بهذه العقيدة وبهذا الدين هذه
+
+318
+00:28:04,500 --> 00:28:07,860
+الحروب الصليبية التي نتحدث عنها يا أخوات جاءت في
+
+319
+00:28:07,860 --> 00:28:13,600
+فترة و في زمن و في حالة كان فيها المسلمون في حالة
+
+320
+00:28:13,600 --> 00:28:22,340
+يعني يُرثالةكانت حالتهم حالة يعني سيئة وضعيفة كما
+
+321
+00:28:22,340 --> 00:28:27,860
+سنراها أيضا ملخص مختصر يعني يصف لنا هذه الحالة
+
+322
+00:28:27,860 --> 00:28:33,040
+التي كان عليها العالم الإسلامي فمن هذه الأحوال
+
+323
+00:28:33,040 --> 00:28:37,460
+التي كان عليها المسلمون تولد الأتراك السلاجي قادها
+
+324
+00:28:37,460 --> 00:28:43,730
+بتفوتها وقسمت إلى عدة دولات متحاربة بعد وفاةمالكشة
+
+325
+00:28:43,730 --> 00:28:48,630
+بارك الله فيه يكفينا هذا الإجاز يعني في هذا الشرح
+
+326
+00:28:48,630 --> 00:28:53,610
+والباقي التفصيل نرجع إليه يعني كلهم بنفسه فهذا حال
+
+327
+00:28:53,610 --> 00:28:59,430
+الأتراك الذين كانوا يحكمون في بعض البلدان كقالوا
+
+328
+00:28:59,430 --> 00:29:05,970
+دولة السلاجقة طبعا يعنيمنصوبة إلى الأتراك نسبة إلى
+
+329
+00:29:05,970 --> 00:29:12,530
+أحد الحكام سلجوك وكانت هذه المملكة تحكم في
+
+330
+00:29:12,530 --> 00:29:17,290
+أفغانستان وفي إيران في ذلك الوقت فكانت قد ذهبت
+
+331
+00:29:17,290 --> 00:29:24,190
+قوتها وطعفت بعد وفاد هذا السلطان .. نين .. فضله ..
+
+332
+00:29:24,190 --> 00:29:27,470
+كانت بلاد الشام منطقة نزاع بين الفاطرين و السفاجين
+
+333
+00:29:27,470 --> 00:29:33,300
+.. برضه بلاد الشامبلاد المقدسة المطهرة كان
+
+334
+00:29:33,300 --> 00:29:38,980
+يتنازعها الفاطميون والسلاجقين مين يسيطر عليها ومين
+
+335
+00:29:38,980 --> 00:29:44,560
+يتحكم فيها أيضا هذا كان عامل ضعف كذلك حال الدولة
+
+336
+00:29:44,560 --> 00:29:52,260
+الفاطمية نفسها كيف كان نعم
+
+337
+00:29:52,260 --> 00:29:56,040
+معروف حبر التاريخ أن الدولة الفاطمية التي حكمت مصر
+
+338
+00:29:56,040 --> 00:30:02,330
+وشمال أفريقيا كانتتتمذهب بالمذهب الشيعي وكان في
+
+339
+00:30:02,330 --> 00:30:05,990
+مقابلة في ذلك الوقت الدولة العباسية التي كان
+
+340
+00:30:05,990 --> 00:30:11,770
+مذهبها مذهب أهل السن فكان فيه خلاف على السيطرة على
+
+341
+00:30:11,770 --> 00:30:16,970
+مصر وشمال أفريقيا بينهم وبين أهل السن كذلك الحال
+
+342
+00:30:16,970 --> 00:30:21,570
+في الخلافة العباسية التي كانت في مغداد فقد اعتراها
+
+343
+00:30:21,570 --> 00:30:27,720
+الضعف والانحلال هذا هو الحالوهذه هي الحالة وهذا هو
+
+344
+00:30:27,720 --> 00:30:32,280
+وصفها الحالة التي كان عليها المسلمون قبل الحروب
+
+345
+00:30:32,280 --> 00:30:39,860
+الصلبية فحالة مثل تلك الحالة لا يمكن أن يقاوم فيها
+
+346
+00:30:39,860 --> 00:30:48,400
+المسلمون المقاومة الصحيحة التييردون بها أعداءهم عن
+
+347
+00:30:48,400 --> 00:30:55,520
+ديارين لا يمكن لضعفاء متفرقين متنازعين أن ينتصروا
+
+348
+00:30:55,520 --> 00:31:02,140
+في أي اتحار والقرآن يعلمنا ذلك ولا تنازعوا فتفشلوا
+
+349
+00:31:02,140 --> 00:31:07,280
+وتذهب ريحكملأن الله تعالى يحذرنا نحن المسلمين أن
+
+350
+00:31:07,280 --> 00:31:13,240
+نتفرق أو أن نتنازع ونختلف لأن نزاعنا سيسبب تفرقنا
+
+351
+00:31:13,240 --> 00:31:19,200
+الذي فيه ضعفنا وذهاب قوتنا وهذا بأكد ما ذكرناه قبل
+
+352
+00:31:19,200 --> 00:31:29,040
+قليل من أن قوتنا في وحدتنا وقبل ذلك في عقيدتنا هل
+
+353
+00:31:30,070 --> 00:31:36,770
+سكت المسلمون ورضوا بالواقع فاستسلموا لهذا الغزو و
+
+354
+00:31:36,770 --> 00:31:40,850
+لهذه الحرب بل الحروب التي سميت عبر التاريخ
+
+355
+00:31:40,850 --> 00:31:45,630
+بالحملات الصليبية و حاولت أستقصي عددها فقالوا في
+
+356
+00:31:45,630 --> 00:31:50,330
+هناك ثمانية أو تسع حملات أساسية رئيسة لكن هناك
+
+357
+00:31:50,330 --> 00:31:54,390
+حملات أخرى البعض عدت إلى خمسين حملة ثانوية أخرى
+
+358
+00:31:54,390 --> 00:31:58,960
+على العالم الإسلامي و كان كل واحدة تحمل اسمامعينا
+
+359
+00:31:58,960 --> 00:32:02,260
+هل هذه الحملات و هذه الغزوات و هذه الحروب
+
+360
+00:32:02,260 --> 00:32:06,820
+المتتالية المتكررة هل قابلة المسلمون بالصمت المطبق
+
+361
+00:32:06,820 --> 00:32:13,360
+ولا كان لهم جهاد و مقاومة ضدهم؟ طبعا الجواب يعني
+
+362
+00:32:13,360 --> 00:32:18,980
+معروف في هذا الانواع أن كان لهم جهاد طويل و صراع
+
+363
+00:32:18,980 --> 00:32:28,640
+مرير معهم هذا الجهاد يعني طيب الله تعالى فيهمن
+
+364
+00:32:28,640 --> 00:32:34,820
+المسلمين المخلصين المجاهدين مع من استطاعوا ان
+
+365
+00:32:34,820 --> 00:32:40,940
+يردوا كيدة هؤلاء كان من هؤلاء القادة العظام في هذه
+
+366
+00:32:40,940 --> 00:32:45,940
+.. في هذا الجهاد ..
+
+367
+00:32:45,940 --> 00:32:49,480
+خلّي الأخت تتكلم .. فضل .. ماله الدين زنكي؟ ماله؟
+
+368
+00:32:49,480 --> 00:32:54,540
+الدين زنكي استرد أجراحها و هي تبارك أشخاص صليبين
+
+369
+00:32:54,540 --> 00:32:55,880
+ولكنها قبل
+
+370
+00:32:58,520 --> 00:33:03,740
+أحسنتي وبارك الله فيك، إذا هذا القائد، البطل،
+
+371
+00:33:03,740 --> 00:33:07,380
+السلطان المعروف عبر التاريخ يا مادو الدين زينكي
+
+372
+00:33:08,460 --> 00:33:13,640
+استطاع ان يرد إمارة عظيمة كبيرة كان يفتخر ويعتز
+
+373
+00:33:13,640 --> 00:33:18,280
+بها الصليبيون في إقامتها اسمها الراها ربما كانت
+
+374
+00:33:18,280 --> 00:33:21,980
+شرق تركيا اعتقد هذه الإمارة عشان اقول في الشرق
+
+375
+00:33:21,980 --> 00:33:25,960
+وكانت بالنسبة له فتح الفتوح يعتبر فتح كبير كيف
+
+376
+00:33:25,960 --> 00:33:32,240
+يسترد هذه الإمارة وحاول ان يكمل مشواره في الجهاد
+
+377
+00:33:32,240 --> 00:33:36,400
+لكن قُتل قبل أن يتمكن من ذلكمن الذي جاء بعده
+
+378
+00:33:36,400 --> 00:33:41,420
+وتولّى الأمر بعده؟ أعلي الصوت شوية
+
+379
+00:33:49,120 --> 00:33:53,440
+بارك الله فيك جاء بعده ابنه نور الدين محمود دونور
+
+380
+00:33:53,440 --> 00:34:00,420
+الدين عماد الذنكي ولم يتمكن الآخر من مشواره او من
+
+381
+00:34:00,420 --> 00:34:07,240
+اكمال مشواره في التحرير واسترداد هذه المدن التي
+
+382
+00:34:07,240 --> 00:34:12,180
+عمل على استرداده وتوفاه الله تعالى هو الآخر ولم
+
+383
+00:34:12,180 --> 00:34:19,680
+يكمل مهمته جاء بعد ذلك منالقادة العظام الأبطال
+
+384
+00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:26,200
+الذين لا يزال التاريخ يذكر أسماءهم و لا زلنا
+
+385
+00:34:26,200 --> 00:34:32,320
+نحفظهم ولا ننساهم ولا يمكن أن ننساهم هو القائد
+
+386
+00:34:32,320 --> 00:34:38,350
+البطل العظيم من صلاح الدين الأيومصلاح الدين يا
+
+387
+00:34:38,350 --> 00:34:42,050
+أخوات وعماد الدين ونور الدين وشمس الدين كل هذه
+
+388
+00:34:42,050 --> 00:34:47,910
+ألقاب هذا لقب لكن اسمه الحقيقي صلاح الدين اسمه إيش
+
+389
+00:34:47,910 --> 00:34:56,060
+يوسف ابن أيو ملك الصالح أيو اللي حكمتدولته الدولة
+
+390
+00:34:56,060 --> 00:35:00,220
+الأيوبية مصر يعني حقبة تاريخية .. حقبة من الزمن
+
+391
+00:35:00,220 --> 00:35:04,660
+فكان أبوه صالح أيوب وهو يوسف ابن أيوب هذا البطل
+
+392
+00:35:04,660 --> 00:35:10,540
+القائد العظيم الذي كلنا سمعنا وقرأنا عنهقيضه الله
+
+393
+00:35:10,540 --> 00:35:16,800
+سبحانه وتعالى وكأنه جاء على قدر أو ب

PL9fwy3NUQKwZZ8ASUiLEKVKvwcEdfmB_y/Cn58sny-6jM_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1756 @@
+1
+00:00:20,750 --> 00:00:24,310
+الحمد لله يا رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف
+
+2
+00:00:24,310 --> 00:00:29,430
+الخلق وسيد المرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه
+
+3
+00:00:29,430 --> 00:00:33,750
+أجمعين اللهم لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا إنك أنت
+
+4
+00:00:33,750 --> 00:00:38,910
+العليم الحكيم اللهم علمنا ما ينفعنا وانفعنا بما
+
+5
+00:00:38,910 --> 00:00:43,730
+علمتنا وازيدنا علمة آمين يا رب العالمين أما بعد
+
+6
+00:00:43,730 --> 00:00:50,990
+كان الحديث يا أخوات في المحاضرة الماضيةعن أتبقى من
+
+7
+00:00:50,990 --> 00:00:57,130
+الجاهلية حدثنا فيه عن خصائص المجتمع الجاهلي مقابل
+
+8
+00:00:57,130 --> 00:01:02,850
+خصائص المجتمع الإسلامي وكان أخر الحديث في الجاهلية
+
+9
+00:01:02,850 --> 00:01:09,250
+حول صور للمجتمعات الجاهلية واكتفين بالعناوين كما
+
+10
+00:01:09,250 --> 00:01:13,510
+قلنا لكم وانتهينا في المحاضرة الماضية من الحديث عن
+
+11
+00:01:13,510 --> 00:01:19,200
+الجاهلية لندخل إلى موضوعجديد في هذه المحاضرة هو
+
+12
+00:01:19,200 --> 00:01:25,020
+الحروب الصليبي سنتعرف في محاضرة اليوم على سبب
+
+13
+00:01:25,020 --> 00:01:29,060
+تسمية الحروب الصليبية بالحروب الصليبي ما سبب
+
+14
+00:01:29,060 --> 00:01:36,040
+تسميتها بهذا الإسمكذلك ما الدوافع الحقيقية من وراء
+
+15
+00:01:36,040 --> 00:01:42,340
+هذه الحروب كذلك ما هي أهداف الحروب الصليبية ما هي
+
+16
+00:01:42,340 --> 00:01:47,860
+الأهداف من وراء الحروب الصليبية وأيضا ما هي الحالة
+
+17
+00:01:47,860 --> 00:01:52,100
+التي كان يعيشها المسلمون قبل الحروب الصليبية
+
+18
+00:01:52,100 --> 00:02:02,040
+وأخيرا نتعرف على جهاد المسلمين ضد الصليبيينالذي
+
+19
+00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:09,020
+انتهى هذا الجهاد بهزيمتهم الساحقة وإجلائهم نهائيا
+
+20
+00:02:09,020 --> 00:02:15,060
+عن بلاد المسلمين لماذا
+
+21
+00:02:15,060 --> 00:02:18,840
+سميت الحروب الصليبية بهذا الإسم يا أخوات؟ هناك في
+
+22
+00:02:18,840 --> 00:02:23,200
+أسباب، في ثلاث أسباب، الكاتب والمؤلف يذكرها لنا،
+
+23
+00:02:23,200 --> 00:02:30,990
+إشري هذه الأسباب الثلاثة، واحدإذن الصليبية رمز أو
+
+24
+00:02:30,990 --> 00:02:35,530
+الصليب رمز للنصرانين فهذه الحرب قامت باسم الدين
+
+25
+00:02:35,530 --> 00:02:44,830
+والصليب رمز لهذا الدين ثانيين زعماء
+
+26
+00:02:44,830 --> 00:02:49,370
+الكنيسة ورجال الكنيسة هم الذين دعوا إلى هذه الحروب
+
+27
+00:02:49,370 --> 00:02:53,710
+إذن هي حروب صليبية دينية يعني اللي قام بها الرجال
+
+28
+00:02:53,710 --> 00:03:00,980
+الدين ودعوا إليها ثلاثةقعد اتخذ المشتركون فيهامش
+
+29
+00:03:00,980 --> 00:03:06,600
+الصليب الأحمر الصليب الأحمر قد عنا الصليب وإن كان
+
+30
+00:03:06,600 --> 00:03:13,280
+أحمرا يعني في الشعار الذي يرفعونه كانوا يخيطون هذا
+
+31
+00:03:13,280 --> 00:03:17,360
+الشعار الصليب على ملابسهم على ملابس الجنود
+
+32
+00:03:17,360 --> 00:03:23,140
+الخارجين للمعرف وحملوا الصليب يعني شعارا لهم وفي
+
+33
+00:03:23,140 --> 00:03:26,500
+راياتهم كان الصليب واضح وبارز
+
+34
+00:03:31,730 --> 00:03:35,570
+المسلمين و علماء المسلمين و المؤرخين لهذه الحرب أن
+
+35
+00:03:35,570 --> 00:03:40,710
+يصفوها بالصليبية لأنه كانت باسم الدين النصراني و
+
+36
+00:03:40,710 --> 00:03:44,090
+لدعا إليها رجال الكنيسة و حملوا و رفعوا الصليب
+
+37
+00:03:44,090 --> 00:03:49,050
+شعارا له طب
+
+38
+00:03:49,050 --> 00:03:53,870
+ما جت دوافع وراء هذه الحرب .. هذه الحروب؟لماذا خرج
+
+39
+00:03:53,870 --> 00:04:00,350
+الصليبيون لمحاربة المسلمين والعالم الإسلامي؟ هناك
+
+40
+00:04:00,350 --> 00:04:06,810
+دوافع عديدة ذكرها النصارى والمؤرخون مثل الدوافع
+
+41
+00:04:06,810 --> 00:04:12,650
+السياسية والاقتصاديةوالتجارية وغيرها من الدوافع
+
+42
+00:04:12,650 --> 00:04:20,270
+وأهملوا دا��عًا أساسيًا ورئيسًا ويقف على رأس كل
+
+43
+00:04:20,270 --> 00:04:26,010
+الدوافع وهو الدافع الديني وهو الدافع الحقيقي وراء
+
+44
+00:04:26,010 --> 00:04:29,550
+هذه الحروب ولذلك احنا اللي هنركز عليه هو هذا
+
+45
+00:04:29,550 --> 00:04:35,320
+الدافعونترك ونهمل باقي الدوافع وإن كانت موجودة وإن
+
+46
+00:04:35,320 --> 00:04:43,900
+كانت في بالهم ومن ضمن الدوافع التي انطلقوا من
+
+47
+00:04:43,900 --> 00:04:48,320
+أجلها لكنها ليست هي الدافع الحقيقي والأصلي الدافع
+
+48
+00:04:48,320 --> 00:04:51,760
+الحقيقي والأصلي وراء هذه الحروب كانت دافع الدين
+
+49
+00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:57,570
+وسنرى الشواهد والأدلة على ذلك بعدفليل عشان كده
+
+50
+00:04:57,570 --> 00:05:03,490
+الكاتب بيعنون و بيقلف .. بيعنون لنا الدوافع بتدافع
+
+51
+00:05:03,490 --> 00:05:08,690
+الدين و ليس الدوافع ورا الحروب الديني ورا الحروب
+
+52
+00:05:08,690 --> 00:05:12,670
+الصليبية أو للحروب الصليبية فهو المحرك الرئيس
+
+53
+00:05:12,670 --> 00:05:18,200
+للحروبالصليبية أو المسيحية ضد العالم الإسلامي
+
+54
+00:05:18,200 --> 00:05:22,480
+والدليل كما قلنا العام قبل قليل في سبب تسميته
+
+55
+00:05:22,480 --> 00:05:26,580
+بالحروب الصليبية أن البابوات ورجال الكنيسة هم من
+
+56
+00:05:26,580 --> 00:05:32,260
+دعوا إلى هذه الحروب وسنرى أدلة وشواهد تؤكد وتثبت
+
+57
+00:05:32,260 --> 00:05:37,040
+لنا هذا الدافع الدين الأصلي والأساسي عندي شواهد
+
+58
+00:05:37,040 --> 00:05:42,540
+كثيرة على رأس هذه الشواهد وأول هذه الشواهد كمانرى
+
+59
+00:05:42,540 --> 00:05:47,900
+أن الذين دعوا أو أول من دع إليها ما لهم؟ باباوات
+
+60
+00:05:47,900 --> 00:05:52,900
+كله البابا فلان و البابا و البابا مين أول من دع
+
+61
+00:05:52,900 --> 00:05:57,240
+إلى هذه الحروب الصليبية من هؤلاء الباباوات؟ من
+
+62
+00:05:57,240 --> 00:06:04,060
+الأخواتسلفستار الثاني وحسب الترتيب الزمني والتاريخ
+
+63
+00:06:04,060 --> 00:06:07,860
+لو .. لو هنشوف التواريخ هنلاقي في الف و متين ..
+
+64
+00:06:07,860 --> 00:06:11,240
+الف و اتنين عفوا ميلادي الف و اتنين ميلادي هذا
+
+65
+00:06:11,240 --> 00:06:15,480
+البابا دعا الى هذه الحرب و اول من دعا اليه هذا
+
+66
+00:06:15,480 --> 00:06:19,500
+السؤال المهم من اول من دعا الى الحروب الصليبية كان
+
+67
+00:06:19,500 --> 00:06:25,920
+هذا البابا سلفستار الثاني ثم تلاه من في البابوات
+
+68
+00:06:25,920 --> 00:06:27,400
+اه
+
+69
+00:06:29,020 --> 00:06:34,780
+في بعض الكتب يعني بتبدأ بحرف الغين غيري جوريس أو
+
+70
+00:06:34,780 --> 00:06:38,960
+غيري جوريس يعني هذا اللفظ لهذا البابا الثاني برضه
+
+71
+00:06:38,960 --> 00:06:42,320
+في العام الف و خمسة و سبعين يعني بعد الف و اتنين
+
+72
+00:06:42,320 --> 00:06:49,940
+في هذا التاريخ ثم تلاهوا الباباأربان الثاني وهذا
+
+73
+00:06:49,940 --> 00:06:54,340
+البابا اللي هو في ألف و خمسة وتسعين بدأت الجيوش
+
+74
+00:06:54,340 --> 00:07:00,140
+النصرانية بالتحرك الفعلي في عهده يعني الأوائل
+
+75
+00:07:00,140 --> 00:07:06,240
+البابا سلفستر الثاني و غيرهم كانوا قد دعوا و حردوا
+
+76
+00:07:06,240 --> 00:07:10,480
+على هذه الحرب لكن من بدأت الجيوش بالفعل تتحرك في
+
+77
+00:07:10,480 --> 00:07:14,580
+عهده هو البابا أربان الثاني والكلام القادم كله
+
+78
+00:07:14,580 --> 00:07:19,180
+عليهقام البابا ادعى البابا حث البابا المقصود بيه
+
+79
+00:07:19,180 --> 00:07:22,820
+مين؟ أربان الثاني لأنه ربما مش مذكور الاسم لكن
+
+80
+00:07:22,820 --> 00:07:27,260
+احنا نعرف لوحنا أن هذا المقصود بيه هو أربان الثاني
+
+81
+00:07:27,260 --> 00:07:33,920
+الذي وقف في مجمع Carmont بفرنسا في هذا العام الف و
+
+82
+00:07:33,920 --> 00:07:38,360
+خمسة و تسعين يلقي موعظة مؤثرة في جموع النصارى
+
+83
+00:07:38,360 --> 00:07:43,450
+الذين احتشدوا لسماع كلامه وموعظتهفحثهم ��ي هذه
+
+84
+00:07:43,450 --> 00:07:51,550
+الموعظة على محاربة المسلمين وتخليص قبر المسيح من
+
+85
+00:07:51,550 --> 00:07:55,310
+أيدي المسلمين لأنه في اعتقاد النصارى أين قبر
+
+86
+00:07:55,310 --> 00:08:00,370
+المسيح يا أخواتأه في بلاد الشام في بيت المقدس
+
+87
+00:08:00,370 --> 00:08:05,810
+تحديدا في بيت لحم كما يعتقدون أو حتى لا الأصاح أنه
+
+88
+00:08:05,810 --> 00:08:09,950
+في القدس و ليس في بيت لحم بيت لحم كنيسة المهد حيث
+
+89
+00:08:09,950 --> 00:08:13,810
+ولادة المسيح ولد في بيت لحم و هناك كنيسة المهد
+
+90
+00:08:13,810 --> 00:08:20,850
+الموجودة لكن موته و دفنه حسب اعتقاد النصارى نحن لا
+
+91
+00:08:20,850 --> 00:08:26,400
+نعتقد لا بموته ولا بدفنهحسب اعتقاد النصارى أن موته
+
+92
+00:08:26,400 --> 00:08:33,900
+ودفنه في بيت المقدس في مدينة القدس نحن في اعتقادنا
+
+93
+00:08:33,900 --> 00:08:41,200
+كمسلمين أن المسيح لم يقتل ولم يصلب بنص القرآن وما
+
+94
+00:08:41,200 --> 00:08:47,300
+قتلوه وما صلبوه ولكن شبه له وفي آية أخرى بل رفعه
+
+95
+00:08:47,300 --> 00:08:55,920
+الله إليهفكانوا يركزون على أتباعهم في وصياهم وفي
+
+96
+00:08:55,920 --> 00:09:00,760
+مواعظهم على تخليص قبر المسيح كيف ترضاهم كنصارى أن
+
+97
+00:09:00,760 --> 00:09:04,900
+يكون قبر مسيحكم تحت حكم المسلمين تحت أيدي المسلمين
+
+98
+00:09:04,900 --> 00:09:09,900
+فكانوا يركزون على هذه القضية وباقي المقدسات أيضا
+
+99
+00:09:09,900 --> 00:09:16,470
+فدعوهم إلى تحرير هذه المقدسات من أيدي المسلمينهذا
+
+100
+00:09:16,470 --> 00:09:20,730
+البابا و الحديث عليه كما قلنا أربان الثاني أيضا
+
+101
+00:09:20,730 --> 00:09:24,750
+قام بالتنقل بين المدن و البلدان المسيحية و كان
+
+102
+00:09:24,750 --> 00:09:30,030
+يحرط الحكام و الشعوب لهذه الحروب و حتى أرسل إلى
+
+103
+00:09:30,030 --> 00:09:35,010
+القوة البحرية اللي تتمركز في البحر حتى تساهم و
+
+104
+00:09:35,010 --> 00:09:40,010
+تشارك بسفونها و رجالها في هذه الحرب و هذه المعرض
+
+105
+00:09:40,010 --> 00:09:44,750
+هذه كلها من الأدلة و الشباهة الدليل الثالثمين
+
+106
+00:09:44,750 --> 00:09:48,210
+تتحدثيلنا عنه يا أخوات؟ دليل الثالث الذي يؤكد لنا
+
+107
+00:09:48,210 --> 00:09:54,950
+على أن هذه الحرب الدافع لها و وراها دافع ديني نعم
+
+108
+00:09:54,950 --> 00:10:01,930
+دافع الشهاد الثالث اه من الأخوات بس أختين و الباقي
+
+109
+00:10:01,930 --> 00:10:06,450
+نعم عشان نضلنا على نفس الأخوات هما هما و لا هنا
+
+110
+00:10:06,450 --> 00:10:11,650
+هنا هنا هنا فضل ان بابا قرر التنقل بين البلدان
+
+111
+00:10:11,650 --> 00:10:16,490
+المدن المسيحيةأدى تكلمنا عنها، نقطة ثالثة احنا
+
+112
+00:10:16,490 --> 00:10:20,330
+بنحكي الشاهد والدليل الثالث أن هذا البابا أربعين
+
+113
+00:10:20,330 --> 00:10:25,830
+الثاني ماذا فعل؟ أنابى عنه ادهمار كي نائب اللي هو
+
+114
+00:10:25,830 --> 00:10:29,510
+كي يشجع من طوابعين الحرب؟ لأ هو اسمه ادهمار فقط كي
+
+115
+00:10:29,510 --> 00:10:34,490
+يشجع، يعني مش اسمه ادهمار كي .. ادهمار كي يشجع من
+
+116
+00:10:34,490 --> 00:10:37,110
+طوابعين الحرب لكي تكون الكنيسة هي المسيطرة على
+
+117
+00:10:37,110 --> 00:10:41,700
+الروح الصالدية لدى المقاتلينبارك الله فيك، إذا هنا
+
+118
+00:10:41,700 --> 00:10:46,480
+كمان بنلمح حتى البابا لم يبدوش يقوم بالأمر بنفسه
+
+119
+00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:53,120
+يجعل من ينوب عنه من الرتب الكنسية مثل الأسقف
+
+120
+00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:58,040
+أدهمارة دي رتبة عند النصارى يعني الأسقف والبابا
+
+121
+00:10:58,040 --> 00:11:04,440
+والقمصان والقص وغيرهم يعني هذه الألقاب لهؤلاء أو
+
+122
+00:11:04,440 --> 00:11:08,380
+الرجال الكنيسة كمان هذا البابا هو نفسه أربان
+
+123
+00:11:08,380 --> 00:11:09,920
+الثاني ماذا فعل هو؟
+
+124
+00:11:22,140 --> 00:11:27,180
+أحسنت وبرك الله فيك، لذا كمان بنلمح من الشواهد
+
+125
+00:11:27,180 --> 00:11:32,060
+والأدلة على هذا الدافع أن الذي حدد مكان تجمع
+
+126
+00:11:32,060 --> 00:11:36,720
+الجيوش النصرانية هو البطمن أين ينطلب؟ أين يتجمّب؟
+
+127
+00:11:36,720 --> 00:11:39,960
+من أين ينطلب؟ ماذا ينطلب؟ هو الذي وضع هذا التاريخ
+
+128
+00:11:39,960 --> 00:11:45,650
+وحدده لهفي شاهد رابع ودليل رابع على أن الدافع
+
+129
+00:11:45,650 --> 00:11:51,230
+الديني ورا هذه الحروب ما يعرف بحركة الإحياء الديني
+
+130
+00:11:51,230 --> 00:11:57,810
+ظهرت في تلك المرحلة حركة إحياء ديني حيث ترتب عليها
+
+131
+00:11:57,810 --> 00:12:02,630
+أمور هامة كان لها دور كبير في هذه الحروب و ورا هذه
+
+132
+00:12:02,630 --> 00:12:08,150
+الحروب في عندي أربع أمور مذكورة مما ترتب على هذه
+
+133
+00:12:08,150 --> 00:12:15,580
+الحركة حركة الإحياء الدينيمن هذه الأمور أولا نعم
+
+134
+00:12:15,580 --> 00:12:21,780
+فقد الرجال و الكنيسة لفترة من الزمن سلطتهم و
+
+135
+00:12:21,780 --> 00:12:25,880
+سطوتهم إلا إنهم في هذه الحقبة عادت لهم هذه السيطرة
+
+136
+00:12:25,880 --> 00:12:29,580
+بعد حركة الإحياء الديني و حث الناس على الاهتمام
+
+137
+00:12:29,580 --> 00:12:33,280
+بالدين و التمسك بالدين فأرجعوا الاعتبار لرجال
+
+138
+00:12:33,280 --> 00:12:38,260
+الكنيسة و للكنيسة لأن تحكم و تسيطر عليهم هذا كان
+
+139
+00:12:38,260 --> 00:12:40,900
+من أثار اتنين من الأثار
+
+140
+00:12:43,780 --> 00:12:47,380
+لمقاومة أو مقاتلة أو محاربة المسلمين أثاروا هذا
+
+141
+00:12:47,380 --> 00:12:52,880
+الحماس الدين أيضا فضلا دهر شعور قوي لأن صاروا
+
+142
+00:12:52,880 --> 00:12:55,980
+بدرورة ينقضوا الأرض المقدسة يعني صار عندهم في
+
+143
+00:12:55,980 --> 00:12:59,320
+الأول ماكانوش مهتمين كثيرا لكن بعد هذه الحركة و
+
+144
+00:12:59,320 --> 00:13:03,620
+بعد هذا البعث الديني في نفسهم صار في عندهم شعور
+
+145
+00:13:03,620 --> 00:13:07,480
+قوي أنهم لابد أن يستعيدوا الأرض المقدسة لأن هذه
+
+146
+00:13:07,480 --> 00:13:12,740
+أرض نبيهم بيعتبروها هذه الأرض أرض فلسطينبيت المقدس
+
+147
+00:13:12,740 --> 00:13:19,120
+هي مهد المسيح والمسيح يعتبرونه هو نبيهم ورسولهم مع
+
+148
+00:13:19,120 --> 00:13:23,740
+أنهم طبعا لم يؤمنوا بيه الإيمان الحق قالوه
+
+149
+00:13:23,740 --> 00:13:27,420
+واعتبروه ابن الإله وقالوا إن الله ثالث وثلاثة وغير
+
+150
+00:13:27,420 --> 00:13:33,600
+ذلك لكنهم يتمسحون ويتمسكون بهذا النبي الكريم أيضا
+
+151
+00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:37,600
+فضلي الأثر الرابع على حركة الإحياء الديني ..
+
+152
+00:13:41,000 --> 00:13:45,820
+نعم النصارى يحجون كما نحجوا نحن إلى البيت الحرام
+
+153
+00:13:45,820 --> 00:13:53,100
+يحجون إلى القدس إلى كنيسة القيامة كنيسة المهد يعني
+
+154
+00:13:53,100 --> 00:13:56,400
+مكان مقدس هو مهدي المسيح وميلادي المسيح هو المكان
+
+155
+00:13:56,400 --> 00:14:01,740
+اللي ولد فيه لكن حجهم المعروف إلى كنيسة القيامة
+
+156
+00:14:01,740 --> 00:14:08,000
+حيث القدس وبيت المقدس فزاد قوافل الحجاج المتجهة
+
+157
+00:14:08,000 --> 00:14:12,400
+إلىالشرق فاللي بيروح منه بعداد كبير و بشوف هذا
+
+158
+00:14:12,400 --> 00:14:15,920
+المكان و المسلمين يبقوا سيطرين عليه يعزز عنده
+
+159
+00:14:15,920 --> 00:14:21,020
+الشعور للثقر و الانتقام و تخلص هذه الأماكن المقدسة
+
+160
+00:14:21,020 --> 00:14:25,320
+من أيدي المسلمين مع أنه دخلها المسلمون فاتحين و
+
+161
+00:14:25,320 --> 00:14:29,840
+بعهد يعني معروف من عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله تعالى
+
+162
+00:14:29,840 --> 00:14:35,340
+عنه لأنصارى أن يبقوا على كنائسهم و على شعائرهم و
+
+163
+00:14:35,340 --> 00:14:36,940
+على عباداتهم
+
+164
+00:14:38,880 --> 00:14:42,340
+أيضًا من الأدلة والشواهد على أن الدافع ورادي
+
+165
+00:14:42,340 --> 00:14:47,920
+الحروب كان دافعًا دينيًا، فضل. دور جماعة الدينية
+
+166
+00:14:47,920 --> 00:14:51,640
+التي كان لها دور بارز ورغبت في محاربة الإسلام
+
+167
+00:14:51,640 --> 00:14:56,380
+ومحاربة المسلمين من ضمنها جماعة الفرسان الاسبتارية
+
+168
+00:14:57,290 --> 00:15:00,570
+برك الله فيك إذا كان في هناك جماعات غير دور
+
+169
+00:15:00,570 --> 00:15:04,970
+الإحياء الديني كمان فيه جماعات معينة ومعروفة دينية
+
+170
+00:15:04,970 --> 00:15:13,090
+كانت تقوم بالتحريض والتدريب للجيوش الذين شاركوا في
+
+171
+00:15:13,090 --> 00:15:17,570
+هذه الحروب وعلى رأس هذه الجماعات جماعتان مشهورتان
+
+172
+00:15:17,570 --> 00:15:22,490
+ومعروفتان وهم جماعة الفرسان الاسبتارية وجماعة
+
+173
+00:15:23,030 --> 00:15:26,810
+الداوي حيث أقاموا المدن والحصون أو أقاموا في المدن
+
+174
+00:15:26,810 --> 00:15:32,510
+والحصون قواعد ومراكز للتدريبات العسكرية وكان
+
+175
+00:15:32,510 --> 00:15:37,090
+لواحدة من هتين الجماعتين وهي جماعة الفرسان يعني
+
+176
+00:15:37,090 --> 00:15:42,730
+دور في القوة العسكرية دور بارز كانوا يمثلون القوة
+
+177
+00:15:42,730 --> 00:15:48,340
+العسكرية الرئيسة في هذه الحربأيضا من الشواهد على
+
+178
+00:15:48,340 --> 00:15:53,280
+أن الحروب الصليبية أو الدافع وراها كان دافعا دينيا
+
+179
+00:15:53,280 --> 00:15:54,480
+تفضل
+
+180
+00:16:00,200 --> 00:16:04,960
+أحسن تبارك الله فيه يعني هذه الروح الحاقدة و ليس
+
+181
+00:16:04,960 --> 00:16:08,720
+الروح الصليبية الحاقدة على الإسلام و على المسلمين
+
+182
+00:16:08,720 --> 00:16:11,720
+يعني كانت هي المسيطرة في تلك الحروب و هذا الذي
+
+183
+00:16:11,720 --> 00:16:17,520
+ساعدهم على انجاح هذه الحروب فإلا ما شارك فيها هذا
+
+184
+00:16:17,520 --> 00:16:21,700
+العدد الكبير الذي كان أو شارك فيها طب ما هي
+
+185
+00:16:21,700 --> 00:16:26,720
+الأهداف التي وضعها
+
+186
+00:16:28,250 --> 00:16:32,070
+النصارى والصليبيون من وراء هذه الحروب ايش اهداف في
+
+187
+00:16:32,070 --> 00:16:39,610
+هذه الحروب؟ في اهداف عدة لهم .. اي حرب يشنها العدو
+
+188
+00:16:39,610 --> 00:16:46,290
+ضد اي بلد او ضد اعدائه لابد ان يضع اهدافا لها من
+
+189
+00:16:46,290 --> 00:16:51,930
+هذه الاهداف واحد .. فضل نعم
+
+190
+00:16:51,930 --> 00:16:56,010
+احنا كنا على الأخت و انت خدت الحق لك .. سامحي احكي
+
+191
+00:16:56,010 --> 00:17:03,010
+عنهاأول هدف كان يريده الصليبيون والنصارى من هذه
+
+192
+00:17:03,010 --> 00:17:07,770
+الحرب وإذلال المسلمين كيف يذلون المسلمين بأن
+
+193
+00:17:07,770 --> 00:17:14,690
+يحتلوا ديارهمو يبقوا في ديارة و في حديث أو أثر
+
+194
+00:17:14,690 --> 00:17:21,570
+يقول ماغوزية قوم في عقر دارهم إلا ذلو أو ذلم ده
+
+195
+00:17:21,570 --> 00:17:26,190
+الواحد لما حد بيخش عليه و يدخل عليه دياره و يقتهم
+
+196
+00:17:26,190 --> 00:17:34,070
+عليه دياره و يبقى .. إذا هو يعني و لم ..يسيطر عليه
+
+197
+00:17:34,070 --> 00:17:39,050
+أو لم يمنعه من ذلك أو لم يطرده فدليل الذنب هو مش
+
+198
+00:17:39,050 --> 00:17:41,670
+جادر، ضعيف يعني، دليل الضعف، حالة الضعف اللي كان
+
+199
+00:17:41,670 --> 00:17:46,450
+عليها المسلمون أن يرضوا بأعدائهم أن يحتلوا أرضهم
+
+200
+00:17:46,450 --> 00:17:50,410
+ثم لا يستطيعون أن يرضوهم عن ذلك فده كان الهدف
+
+201
+00:17:50,410 --> 00:17:53,790
+الأساسي، أيضا من أهدافهم ..
+
+202
+00:17:56,080 --> 00:18:00,740
+و هذا كان مطمع هؤلاء الناس لأن هم إيش جايبهم من
+
+203
+00:18:00,740 --> 00:18:05,860
+آخر الدنيا إلى بلاد المسلمين في عندهم أهداف منها
+
+204
+00:18:05,860 --> 00:18:10,540
+بدهم يسيطروا و يقيموا و يعسكروا في بلاد المسلمين و
+
+205
+00:18:10,540 --> 00:18:16,220
+يعملوا لهم إمارات حتى ينطرقوا منهيعني زي قواعد
+
+206
+00:18:16,220 --> 00:18:21,060
+لأنهم بقعد شعروا أنفسهم بأنهم بعيدين عن المسلمين
+
+207
+00:18:21,060 --> 00:18:25,140
+كيف سيكونون قريبين منهم ويتحكمون فيهم و يسيطرون
+
+208
+00:18:25,140 --> 00:18:32,880
+عليهم بأن يحتلوا ديارهم و بلادهم و يقيموا معسكرات
+
+209
+00:18:32,880 --> 00:18:38,560
+و إمارات ينطلقوا من خلالهم أيضا من أهدافهم .. فضل
+
+210
+00:18:38,560 --> 00:18:41,860
+يا عزيزي تقسم العالم الإسلامي إلى دوائلات ضعيفة و
+
+211
+00:18:41,860 --> 00:18:48,980
+إفقارات ثبعية ليستوهذا يعني مما يسعى إليه كل محتل
+
+212
+00:18:48,980 --> 00:18:54,920
+أجنبي غريب عن أي ديار يريد أن يحتل أي مستعمر، أي
+
+213
+00:18:54,920 --> 00:19:00,540
+محتل، أي غاز يحتل بلادا من البلدان يسعى إلى تقسيم
+
+214
+00:19:00,540 --> 00:19:04,160
+هذه البلاد ومن و احنا صغار زمان و احنا بندرس في
+
+215
+00:19:04,160 --> 00:19:09,280
+التاريخ أن سياسة الاستعمار هي سياسة فرق تسود حتى
+
+216
+00:19:09,280 --> 00:19:16,890
+يسود الاستعمارويقوى ويبقى لابد أن يفرق بين الأهل
+
+217
+00:19:16,890 --> 00:19:22,330
+هذه البلاد المجتمعين بعد أن يكونوا مجتمعين يصبحوا
+
+218
+00:19:22,330 --> 00:19:28,890
+متفرقين ينشغلون ببعضهم بعض ينشغلوا بعضهم ببعض وهذا
+
+219
+00:19:28,890 --> 00:19:33,480
+هو الحاصل اليومفي ظل الحروب الصالبية الأولى ثم
+
+220
+00:19:33,480 --> 00:19:39,180
+الاحتلالات العسكرية المتتالية وليس آخرها ربما
+
+221
+00:19:39,180 --> 00:19:43,500
+الاحتلال الصهيوني لبلاد فلسطين وتقسيم أهل لو كنا
+
+222
+00:19:43,500 --> 00:19:48,100
+نرى هذه التقسيمات اللي احنا بنعاني منها والاصل
+
+223
+00:19:48,100 --> 00:19:53,500
+أننا شعب واحد موحد مسلم لله رب العالمين أصبحنا
+
+224
+00:19:53,500 --> 00:19:59,270
+أحزابا وفرقا وجماعات شتت وفي كل بلديحتلها المحتل
+
+225
+00:19:59,270 --> 00:20:06,710
+والمستعمر يسعى إلى ذلك أيضًا من أهداف الحروب
+
+226
+00:20:06,710 --> 00:20:11,830
+الصليبية تشجيع العقيدة الإسلامية وتشجيع العقائد
+
+227
+00:20:11,830 --> 00:20:14,870
+والأفكار اللا دينية مقحتها توقف من قضاء على
+
+228
+00:20:14,870 --> 00:20:19,110
+الإسلام وآخر وده يا أخوات ما يؤكد أكثر فأكثر
+
+229
+00:20:19,110 --> 00:20:24,900
+الدافع الديني أن هم انطلقوا من دافع ديندافع لذلك
+
+230
+00:20:24,900 --> 00:20:29,820
+ودافع ديني كما رأينا وشاهدنا واتينا بالأدلة هنا من
+
+231
+00:20:29,820 --> 00:20:36,020
+أهدافهم هو أن يشككوا المسلمين في عقائدهم ويشجعوا
+
+232
+00:20:36,020 --> 00:20:41,480
+الأفكار اللا دينية طب لماذا هذا الهدف منهم؟ ليش
+
+233
+00:20:41,480 --> 00:20:46,700
+بيسعوا إلى هذا الهدف الكبير والبعيد؟ تفضل
+
+234
+00:20:49,850 --> 00:20:54,150
+ماذا سيستفيدون إذا أبعدوا المسلمين عن دينهم؟
+
+235
+00:21:02,200 --> 00:21:05,760
+مين من الأخوات كمان نضيف؟ يعني احنا هنسمع منكم هذا
+
+236
+00:21:05,760 --> 00:21:12,880
+التعليق المهم لماذا يركز أعداء الإسلام على التشكيك
+
+237
+00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:17,540
+المسلمين بعقيدتهم كما تفضلت الأخت وذكرت أنه يعني
+
+238
+00:21:17,540 --> 00:21:21,960
+في ذلك إضعاف للمسلمين ربما حتى يسول على دين المسيح
+
+239
+00:21:21,960 --> 00:21:28,440
+يعني يسول عليهم نشر الدين النصراني أو المسيح برضه
+
+240
+00:21:28,440 --> 00:21:29,780
+يعني إضافة كويسة
+
+241
+00:21:34,410 --> 00:21:37,170
+تشكيل في العقيدة يعني تشكيل في الجهاد اللي طارد
+
+242
+00:21:37,170 --> 00:21:40,790
+على المسلمين وبالتالي هو شركة المسلمين بتسرع على
+
+243
+00:21:40,790 --> 00:21:46,280
+الشركةبرك الله فيه قبل قليل قلنا من أهدافهم تقسيم
+
+244
+00:21:46,280 --> 00:21:49,460
+العالم الإسلامي إلى دوائلات ضعيفة والآن مجرد تشكيك
+
+245
+00:21:49,460 --> 00:21:54,800
+في عقيدتهم هذا الهدف يكمل هذا الهدف حيث يعلم أعداء
+
+246
+00:21:54,800 --> 00:22:00,320
+الإسلام أن قوة المسلمين في أمرين ما هما الأمرين
+
+247
+00:22:00,320 --> 00:22:08,310
+هذول؟ الأول منهم عقيدتهمقوة المسلمين في عقيدتهم
+
+248
+00:22:08,310 --> 00:22:15,050
+وفي دينهم العمل الثاني هو في وحدتهم فلنعمل على
+
+249
+00:22:15,050 --> 00:22:20,310
+إضعاف هذا وهذا .. هذا وذا فإذن هم عملوا على هذه
+
+250
+00:22:20,310 --> 00:22:24,290
+المحورين عملوا على تشريك المسلمين في عقيدتهم لأنهم
+
+251
+00:22:24,290 --> 00:22:29,290
+يعلمون أن سر قوة المسلمين في عقيدتهم ما الذي يدفع
+
+252
+00:22:29,290 --> 00:22:35,120
+المسلمين لأن يجابه ويقاوم ويجاهد الأعداءدينهم
+
+253
+00:22:35,120 --> 00:22:39,880
+بحرضهم على ذلك و بيأمرهم بذلك و يمنعهم من أن يرضوا
+
+254
+00:22:39,880 --> 00:22:43,300
+الدنيا في دينهم أو يسيطر عليهم أعداءهم و لن يجعل
+
+255
+00:22:43,300 --> 00:22:46,900
+الله للكافرين على المؤمنين سبيله لا يجوز أن يتحكم
+
+256
+00:22:46,900 --> 00:22:50,680
+الكافر في المسلم و أن يحكمه و يكون الحكم له إن
+
+257
+00:22:50,680 --> 00:22:56,400
+الحكم إلا لله ينبغي أن يحكمنا المسلمون أمثالنا نحن
+
+258
+00:22:56,400 --> 00:23:01,450
+نحكم أنفسنا بأنفسنا لا يجوزللمسلمين أن يقبلوا بأي
+
+259
+00:23:01,450 --> 00:23:05,810
+حكم غير حكم الإسلام بأي شرع غير شرع لا كيف هؤلاء
+
+260
+00:23:05,810 --> 00:23:09,970
+يحكموننا ويسيطرون علينا ويتحكمون فينا لأن ما الذي
+
+261
+00:23:09,970 --> 00:23:15,920
+يدعوهم إلى ذلك كله دينهم عقيدتهمإذا فلنعمل على
+
+262
+00:23:15,920 --> 00:23:21,680
+إضعاف هذه العقيدة فإذا ما أضعفناها يتقبلون هؤلاء
+
+263
+00:23:21,680 --> 00:23:28,200
+الناس يتقبلون ولا ينظرون إلينا كأعداء لهم وخصوم
+
+264
+00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:32,560
+لهم لكن طول ما طالما أنهم متمسكين بدينهم دينهم
+
+265
+00:23:32,560 --> 00:23:37,430
+سيقف حجر عثرةويمنعنا منهم والسيطرة عليه هذا ما
+
+266
+00:23:37,430 --> 00:23:42,290
+علمه الغرب ولا يزال يعلمه ولا يزال يركز عليه ولا
+
+267
+00:23:42,290 --> 00:23:46,270
+يزال يراين عليه أعداء الإسلام في كل زمان وفي كل
+
+268
+00:23:46,270 --> 00:23:51,690
+مكان واليوم كذلك يسعون كل السعي لتشكيك المسلمين في
+
+269
+00:23:51,690 --> 00:23:56,030
+عقيدتهم وإبعادهم عن دينهم طارة بإثارة الشبهات
+
+270
+00:23:56,030 --> 00:24:01,100
+والتهم حول الإسلام والتطرفيعني و كأنه ليس في
+
+271
+00:24:01,100 --> 00:24:04,980
+العالم تطرف إلا عند المسلمين و الإسلام ماتهم اليوم
+
+272
+00:24:04,980 --> 00:24:08,940
+بالتطرف و يدوا أتباعه للقتل و الصور الكاريكاترية
+
+273
+00:24:08,940 --> 00:24:13,800
+اللي كل سنة و ثانية تظهر لنا من هنا و من هناك تشوي
+
+274
+00:24:13,800 --> 00:24:19,180
+صورة هذا النبي الكريم و تصفه بالقاتل
+
+275
+00:24:19,680 --> 00:24:22,720
+يصفون النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم صاحب الخلق العظيم
+
+276
+00:24:22,720 --> 00:24:27,140
+الذي جاء رحمة للعالمين يصفونه بالقاتل والدموي
+
+277
+00:24:27,140 --> 00:24:31,800
+ويدعو قومه إلى القتل وإلى سفك الدماء وقال يقاتل
+
+278
+00:24:31,800 --> 00:24:37,320
+المسلمون الناس هكذا بدون سبب عقيدتنا ومبادئنا أننا
+
+279
+00:24:37,320 --> 00:24:43,570
+لا نقاتل إلا من يقاتلونقاتلوا الذين يقاتلونكم و لا
+
+280
+00:24:43,570 --> 00:24:48,390
+نعتدي على أحد حتى يصورنا البعض هذا هذا كان عندنا
+
+281
+00:24:48,390 --> 00:24:54,150
+الجهاد و القتال انما ذلك كله حينما نقاتل و حينما
+
+282
+00:24:54,150 --> 00:24:58,270
+يعتدى علينا و حينما تحتل أرضنا ليس من حقنا أن
+
+283
+00:24:58,270 --> 00:25:03,920
+ندافع عن أنفسنا فنوصف بالتطرف و الإرهابهذا التشويه
+
+284
+00:25:03,920 --> 00:25:07,860
+مقصود حتى يشوي صورة هذا الإسلام العظيم عندنا
+
+285
+00:25:07,860 --> 00:25:12,700
+وعندهم في الغرب الذي بدأ يقبل على الإسلام بكثرة
+
+286
+00:25:12,700 --> 00:25:17,300
+عشرات بل مئات يوميا من الغربين بيسلموا ويدخلوا في
+
+287
+00:25:17,300 --> 00:25:21,920
+هذا الإسلام وهذا هي ربما الهدف الأكبر والأبعد ورا
+
+288
+00:25:21,920 --> 00:25:26,340
+هذه الحروب وغيرها من الأمور التي يركز عليها أع��اء
+
+289
+00:25:26,340 --> 00:25:31,330
+الإسلام والأمر الثاني كما قلنا تفريق المسلمينو
+
+290
+00:25:31,330 --> 00:25:38,410
+تقسيمهم لأن قوتهم في وحدتهموكلنا بنعلم و نحن صغار
+
+291
+00:25:38,410 --> 00:25:44,330
+أيضًا أن الاتحاد قوة و التفرق ضعف أصبح أمر بدهي و
+
+292
+00:25:44,330 --> 00:25:51,490
+من البداية اللي كلنا نعرفه تمامًا فلنتوحد جميعًا و
+
+293
+00:25:51,490 --> 00:25:55,810
+دائمًا على ديننا و على الحق في آيات كثيرة في
+
+294
+00:25:55,810 --> 00:25:59,510
+القرآن الكريم يا أخوات يعني لا يمكن حصره في هذه
+
+295
+00:25:59,510 --> 00:26:02,530
+الدقائق المعدود كافة بآية أو أيتين مذكورات هنا
+
+296
+00:26:02,530 --> 00:26:07,860
+تبين لنا إرادة أعداء الإسلامماذا يريد أعداء
+
+297
+00:26:07,860 --> 00:26:11,420
+الإسلام من المسلمين؟ لماذا يحارب ويقاتل أعداء
+
+298
+00:26:11,420 --> 00:26:17,940
+الإسلام؟ المسلمين يحاربونهم من أجل ماذا؟ من أجل
+
+299
+00:26:17,940 --> 00:26:23,700
+دينهم، يريدون ليطفئوا نور الله بأفواه ونور الله
+
+300
+00:26:23,700 --> 00:26:30,550
+ومين؟ دينه، القرآن والإسلامفهم يريدون ليطفئوا نور
+
+301
+00:26:30,550 --> 00:26:35,470
+الله بوفيه ولكن مقابل هذه الإرادة هناك إرادة غالبة
+
+302
+00:26:35,470 --> 00:26:41,230
+والله غالب على أمله والله متم نوره ولو كره الكافر
+
+303
+00:26:41,230 --> 00:26:46,650
+ولا يزالون يقاتلونكم هذا الفعل لا يزالون بفيد
+
+304
+00:26:46,650 --> 00:26:50,900
+الايةاستمرارين، مش كانوا زمان يقتلونه وانتهوا عن
+
+305
+00:26:50,900 --> 00:26:56,180
+ذلك، لأ ولا يزالون تحتمل الاستمرارية وحتى الى قيام
+
+306
+00:26:56,180 --> 00:27:00,080
+الساعة ولا يزالون يقاتلونكم، لماذا يا رب يقاتلون
+
+307
+00:27:00,080 --> 00:27:06,690
+أعداءنا و أعداء الإسلام؟ولا يزلون يقاتلونكم حتى
+
+308
+00:27:06,690 --> 00:27:12,970
+يردوكم عن دينكم إن استطاعوا إذن هو كل سعيهم هو أن
+
+309
+00:27:12,970 --> 00:27:17,350
+يردونا ويصدونا عن ديننا إن الذين كفروا ينفقون
+
+310
+00:27:17,350 --> 00:27:21,890
+أموالهم أموال طائلة وملايين ومليارات بينفقوها
+
+311
+00:27:21,890 --> 00:27:27,570
+لماذا؟ ليصدوا عن سبيل اللهيصدوا يعني يصدوا الناس
+
+312
+00:27:27,570 --> 00:27:30,550
+يعني يبعدوا الناس عن دين الله حتى لا يدخلوا في هذا
+
+313
+00:27:30,550 --> 00:27:37,790
+الدين العظيم هكذا الآن المعركة في العالم كله بين
+
+314
+00:27:37,790 --> 00:27:42,050
+أعداء الإسلام والمسلمين هي معركة عقيد معركة دين
+
+315
+00:27:42,050 --> 00:27:46,670
+على العقيدة على الدين يريدون مؤمننا أن نتخلى عن
+
+316
+00:27:46,670 --> 00:27:54,980
+ديننا عن عقيدتنا عن مبادئناالتي فيها قوتنا و لن
+
+317
+00:27:54,980 --> 00:28:04,500
+تكون لنا قوة إلا بهذه العقيدة وبهذا الدين هذه
+
+318
+00:28:04,500 --> 00:28:07,860
+الحروب الصليبية التي نتحدث عنها يا أخوات جاءت في
+
+319
+00:28:07,860 --> 00:28:13,600
+فترة و في زمن و في حالة كان فيها المسلمون في حالة
+
+320
+00:28:13,600 --> 00:28:22,340
+يعني يُرثالةكانت حالتهم حالة يعني سيئة وضعيفة كما
+
+321
+00:28:22,340 --> 00:28:27,860
+سنراها أيضا ملخص مختصر يعني يصف لنا هذه الحالة
+
+322
+00:28:27,860 --> 00:28:33,040
+التي كان عليها العالم الإسلامي فمن هذه الأحوال
+
+323
+00:28:33,040 --> 00:28:37,460
+التي كان عليها المسلمون تولد الأتراك السلاجي قادها
+
+324
+00:28:37,460 --> 00:28:43,730
+بتفوتها وقسمت إلى عدة دولات متحاربة بعد وفاةمالكشة
+
+325
+00:28:43,730 --> 00:28:48,630
+بارك الله فيه يكفينا هذا الإجاز يعني في هذا الشرح
+
+326
+00:28:48,630 --> 00:28:53,610
+والباقي التفصيل نرجع إليه يعني كلهم بنفسه فهذا حال
+
+327
+00:28:53,610 --> 00:28:59,430
+الأتراك الذين كانوا يحكمون في بعض البلدان كقالوا
+
+328
+00:28:59,430 --> 00:29:05,970
+دولة السلاجقة طبعا يعنيمنصوبة إلى الأتراك نسبة إلى
+
+329
+00:29:05,970 --> 00:29:12,530
+أحد الحكام سلجوك وكانت هذه المملكة تحكم في
+
+330
+00:29:12,530 --> 00:29:17,290
+أفغانستان وفي إيران في ذلك الوقت فكانت قد ذهبت
+
+331
+00:29:17,290 --> 00:29:24,190
+قوتها وطعفت بعد وفاد هذا السلطان .. نين .. فضله ..
+
+332
+00:29:24,190 --> 00:29:27,470
+كانت بلاد الشام منطقة نزاع بين الفاطرين و السفاجين
+
+333
+00:29:27,470 --> 00:29:33,300
+.. برضه بلاد الشامبلاد المقدسة المطهرة كان
+
+334
+00:29:33,300 --> 00:29:38,980
+يتنازعها الفاطميون والسلاجقين مين يسيطر عليها ومين
+
+335
+00:29:38,980 --> 00:29:44,560
+يتحكم فيها أيضا هذا كان عامل ضعف كذلك حال الدولة
+
+336
+00:29:44,560 --> 00:29:52,260
+الفاطمية نفسها كيف كان نعم
+
+337
+00:29:52,260 --> 00:29:56,040
+معروف حبر التاريخ أن الدولة الفاطمية التي حكمت مصر
+
+338
+00:29:56,040 --> 00:30:02,330
+وشمال أفريقيا كانتتتمذهب بالمذهب الشيعي وكان في
+
+339
+00:30:02,330 --> 00:30:05,990
+مقابلة في ذلك الوقت الدولة العباسية التي كان
+
+340
+00:30:05,990 --> 00:30:11,770
+مذهبها مذهب أهل السن فكان فيه خلاف على السيطرة على
+
+341
+00:30:11,770 --> 00:30:16,970
+مصر وشمال أفريقيا بينهم وبين أهل السن كذلك الحال
+
+342
+00:30:16,970 --> 00:30:21,570
+في الخلافة العباسية التي كانت في مغداد فقد اعتراها
+
+343
+00:30:21,570 --> 00:30:27,720
+الضعف والانحلال هذا هو الحالوهذه هي الحالة وهذا هو
+
+344
+00:30:27,720 --> 00:30:32,280
+وصفها الحالة التي كان عليها المسلمون قبل الحروب
+
+345
+00:30:32,280 --> 00:30:39,860
+الصلبية فحالة مثل تلك الحالة لا يمكن أن يقاوم فيها
+
+346
+00:30:39,860 --> 00:30:48,400
+المسلمون المقاومة الصحيحة التييردون بها أعداءهم عن
+
+347
+00:30:48,400 --> 00:30:55,520
+ديارين لا يمكن لضعفاء متفرقين متنازعين أن ينتصروا
+
+348
+00:30:55,520 --> 00:31:02,140
+في أي اتحار والقرآن يعلمنا ذلك ولا تنازعوا فتفشلوا
+
+349
+00:31:02,140 --> 00:31:07,280
+وتذهب ريحكملأن الله تعالى يحذرنا نحن المسلمين أن
+
+350
+00:31:07,280 --> 00:31:13,240
+نتفرق أو أن نتنازع ونختلف لأن نزاعنا سيسبب تفرقنا
+
+351
+00:31:13,240 --> 00:31:19,200
+الذي فيه ضعفنا وذهاب قوتنا وهذا بأكد ما ذكرناه قبل
+
+352
+00:31:19,200 --> 00:31:29,040
+قليل من أن قوتنا في وحدتنا وقبل ذلك في عقيدتنا هل
+
+353
+00:31:30,070 --> 00:31:36,770
+سكت المسلمون ورضوا بالواقع فاستسلموا لهذا الغزو و
+
+354
+00:31:36,770 --> 00:31:40,850
+لهذه الحرب بل الحروب التي سميت عبر التاريخ
+
+355
+00:31:40,850 --> 00:31:45,630
+بالحملات الصليبية و حاولت أستقصي عددها فقالوا في
+
+356
+00:31:45,630 --> 00:31:50,330
+هناك ثمانية أو تسع حملات أساسية رئيسة لكن هناك
+
+357
+00:31:50,330 --> 00:31:54,390
+حملات أخرى البعض عدت إلى خمسين حملة ثانوية أخرى
+
+358
+00:31:54,390 --> 00:31:58,960
+على العالم الإسلامي و كان كل واحدة تحمل اسمامعينا
+
+359
+00:31:58,960 --> 00:32:02,260
+هل هذه الحملات و هذه الغزوات و هذه الحروب
+
+360
+00:32:02,260 --> 00:32:06,820
+المتتالية المتكررة هل قابلة المسلمون بالصمت المطبق
+
+361
+00:32:06,820 --> 00:32:13,360
+ولا كان لهم جهاد و مقاومة ضدهم؟ طبعا الجواب يعني
+
+362
+00:32:13,360 --> 00:32:18,980
+معروف في هذا الانواع أن كان لهم جهاد طويل و صراع
+
+363
+00:32:18,980 --> 00:32:28,640
+مرير معهم هذا الجهاد يعني طيب الله تعالى فيهمن
+
+364
+00:32:28,640 --> 00:32:34,820
+المسلمين المخلصين المجاهدين مع من استطاعوا ان
+
+365
+00:32:34,820 --> 00:32:40,940
+يردوا كيدة هؤلاء كان من هؤلاء القادة العظام في هذه
+
+366
+00:32:40,940 --> 00:32:45,940
+.. في هذا الجهاد ..
+
+367
+00:32:45,940 --> 00:32:49,480
+خلّي الأخت تتكلم .. فضل .. ماله الدين زنكي؟ ماله؟
+
+368
+00:32:49,480 --> 00:32:54,540
+الدين زنكي استرد أجراحها و هي تبارك أشخاص صليبين
+
+369
+00:32:54,540 --> 00:32:55,880
+ولكنها قبل
+
+370
+00:32:58,520 --> 00:33:03,740
+أحسنتي وبارك الل�� فيك، إذا هذا القائد، البطل،
+
+371
+00:33:03,740 --> 00:33:07,380
+السلطان المعروف عبر التاريخ يا مادو الدين زينكي
+
+372
+00:33:08,460 --> 00:33:13,640
+استطاع ان يرد إمارة عظيمة كبيرة كان يفتخر ويعتز
+
+373
+00:33:13,640 --> 00:33:18,280
+بها الصليبيون في إقامتها اسمها الراها ربما كانت
+
+374
+00:33:18,280 --> 00:33:21,980
+شرق تركيا اعتقد هذه الإمارة عشان اقول في الشرق
+
+375
+00:33:21,980 --> 00:33:25,960
+وكانت بالنسبة له فتح الفتوح يعتبر فتح كبير كيف
+
+376
+00:33:25,960 --> 00:33:32,240
+يسترد هذه الإمارة وحاول ان يكمل مشواره في الجهاد
+
+377
+00:33:32,240 --> 00:33:36,400
+لكن قُتل قبل أن يتمكن من ذلكمن الذي جاء بعده
+
+378
+00:33:36,400 --> 00:33:41,420
+وتولّى الأمر بعده؟ أعلي الصوت شوية
+
+379
+00:33:49,120 --> 00:33:53,440
+بارك الله فيك جاء بعده ابنه نور الدين محمود دونور
+
+380
+00:33:53,440 --> 00:34:00,420
+الدين عماد الذنكي ولم يتمكن الآخر من مشواره او من
+
+381
+00:34:00,420 --> 00:34:07,240
+اكمال مشواره في التحرير واسترداد هذه المدن التي
+
+382
+00:34:07,240 --> 00:34:12,180
+عمل على استرداده وتوفاه الله تعالى هو الآخر ولم
+
+383
+00:34:12,180 --> 00:34:19,680
+يكمل مهمته جاء بعد ذلك منالقادة العظام الأبطال
+
+384
+00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:26,200
+الذين لا يزال التاريخ يذكر أسماءهم و لا زلنا
+
+385
+00:34:26,200 --> 00:34:32,320
+نحفظهم ولا ننساهم ولا يمكن أن ننساهم هو القائد
+
+386
+00:34:32,320 --> 00:34:38,350
+البطل العظيم من صلاح الدين الأيومصلاح الدين يا
+
+387
+00:34:38,350 --> 00:34:42,050
+أخوات وعماد الدين ونور الدين وشمس الدين كل هذه
+
+388
+00:34:42,050 --> 00:34:47,910
+ألقاب هذا لقب لكن اسمه الحقيقي صلاح الدين اسمه إيش
+
+389
+00:34:47,910 --> 00:34:56,060
+يوسف ابن أيو ملك الصالح أيو اللي حكمتدولته الدولة
+
+390
+00:34:56,060 --> 00:35:00,220
+الأيوبية مصر يعني حقبة تاريخية .. حقبة من الزمن
+
+391
+00:35:00,220 --> 00:35:04,660
+فكان أبوه صالح أيوب وهو يوسف ابن أيوب هذا البطل
+
+392
+00:35:04,660 --> 00:35:10,540
+القائد العظيم الذي كلنا سمعنا وقرأنا عنهقيضه الله
+
+393
+00:35:10,540 --> 00:35:16,800
+سبحانه وتعالى وكأنه جاء على قدر أو بقدر وكل الأمور
+
+394
+00:35:16,800 --> 00:35:21,020
+مش وكأنها كل الأمور تأتي على قدر الله سبحانه
+
+395
+00:35:21,020 --> 00:35:26,840
+وتعالى وكان أمر الله قدرا مقدورا ليقضي الله أمرا
+
+396
+00:35:26,840 --> 00:35:30,560
+كان مفعولا لذلك هذه الأمور لا تحدث إلا بقدر الله
+
+397
+00:35:30,560 --> 00:35:35,660
+فجاء هذا البطل العظيمبقدر من الله سبحانه وتعالى
+
+398
+00:35:35,660 --> 00:35:40,000
+حيث تجمع فيه خصال التقوى والإخلاص والحرص على
+
+399
+00:35:40,000 --> 00:35:47,990
+الجهاد وعرفة بالتنظيم وحسن القيادةلكن قبل أن يخوض
+
+400
+00:35:47,990 --> 00:35:55,270
+بالمسلمين هذا الجهاد الذي انتهى بالنصر المؤذر قام
+
+401
+00:35:55,270 --> 00:36:00,170
+بعلاج الأمراض التي كان عليها المسلمون والحالة التي
+
+402
+00:36:00,170 --> 00:36:03,190
+كان عليها المسلمون قبل الحروف الصليبية التي
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+403
+00:36:03,190 --> 00:36:08,110
+شقصناها وذكرناها قبل قليل فماذا فعل من أهم الأعمال
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+404
+00:36:08,110 --> 00:36:13,810
+التي قام بها وساهمت وساهمة كبيرة في النصر بإذن
+
+405
+00:36:13,810 --> 00:36:14,870
+الله أولا فضل
+
+406
+00:36:17,820 --> 00:36:22,520
+أولا ركز جهاده على هذه البلدان والمدن المستهدفة من
+
+407
+00:36:22,520 --> 00:36:27,700
+الصليبين لكنه قام بأمر مهم مهد لهدأ النصر بإذن
+
+408
+00:36:27,700 --> 00:36:32,880
+الله الأمر الثاني العظيم وهو ماذا من الأخوات اللي
+
+409
+00:36:32,880 --> 00:36:34,060
+ما سمعناه مش فضل
+
+410
+00:36:38,540 --> 00:36:42,280
+وهذا أمر مهم جدا بارك الله فيه انه عمل على إصلاح
+
+411
+00:36:42,280 --> 00:36:46,580
+أحوال المسلمين كان الحال يُرث له كما قلنا فعمل على
+
+412
+00:36:46,580 --> 00:36:54,480
+إصلاحي من خلال بعض الأمور اللي منها قام
+
+413
+00:36:54,480 --> 00:36:57,440
+بتوحيد المسلمين بعد حالة الضعف والتفرق اللي كانوا
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+414
+00:36:57,440 --> 00:37:01,320
+عليها اتنين كان
+
+415
+00:37:01,320 --> 00:37:05,060
+في هناك مدخل الإسماعليين منتشر وهو من فرق الشيعة
+
+416
+00:37:05,060 --> 00:37:13,310
+فوضع حد له تلاتةقام بإقامة مدارس تربية الناس و
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+417
+00:37:13,310 --> 00:37:20,070
+تربية الإيمان و بث روح الجهاد كما كان هؤلاء أو كان
+
+418
+00:37:20,070 --> 00:37:24,990
+الرجال الكنيسة يبثون روح الصليبية الحاقدة على
+
+419
+00:37:24,990 --> 00:37:29,230
+الإسلام هنا قام ببث روح الجهاد و المقاومة
+
+420
+00:37:31,820 --> 00:37:35,480
+أو خمسة إقامة المعسكرات للمجاهدين و اللي كانت
+
+421
+00:37:35,480 --> 00:37:40,480
+مقابل معسكرات النصارى لها هدفين الأول أنه يعني
+
+422
+00:37:40,480 --> 00:37:43,980
+يثير الحماس .. الحماس الديني في نفوس المسلمين و
+
+423
+00:37:43,980 --> 00:37:48,720
+يثير الرعب في نفوس الكافرين فخاضة بالمسلمين معارك
+
+424
+00:37:48,720 --> 00:37:54,900
+كثيرة انتهت بالنصر و الفتح المبينبمعركة فاصلة كلنا
+
+425
+00:37:54,900 --> 00:37:59,000
+أيضا نحفظها معركة حبطين التي نصر الله تعالى فيها
+
+426
+00:37:59,000 --> 00:38:02,120
+المسلمين بقيادة هذا البطل العظيم صلاح الدين
+
+427
+00:38:02,120 --> 00:38:06,700
+واستطاع من خلالها أن يسترد مدينة القدس فكانت
+
+428
+00:38:06,700 --> 00:38:10,580
+بالنسبة له فتح الفتوح وجاء بعد صلاح الدين قادة
+
+429
+00:38:10,580 --> 00:38:15,300
+كبار وعظام أكملوا هذا المشوار مثل الصالح أيوب وقطز
+
+430
+00:38:15,300 --> 00:38:20,070
+و بابرز وقالون وغيرهمحتى انتهى هذا الصراع بهزيمة
+
+431
+00:38:20,070 --> 00:38:24,970
+الصليبيين واندحارهم عن بلاد المسلمين ورجعوا يجرون
+
+432
+00:38:24,970 --> 00:38:33,750
+ذيل الهزيمة والعار نتوقف عند هذا الحد ونكمل ان شاء
+
+433
+00:38:33,750 --> 00:38:38,030
+الله المحاضرة القادمة في الحديث عن الموالاة بين
+
+434
+00:38:38,030 --> 00:38:44,700
+الصليبية والمغولوالتي انتهت ايضا بهزيمة المغول بعد
+
+435
+00:38:44,700 --> 00:38:50,820
+هزيمة الصليبيين وندخل ايضا الى الحديث عن خطة
+
+436
+00:38:50,820 --> 00:38:54,960
+الصليبيين الجديدة في السيطرة على العالم الإسلامي
+
+437
+00:38:54,960 --> 00:38:59,660
+والتي عرفت بالغزو الفكري محاضرة القادمة ان شاء
+
+438
+00:38:59,660 --> 00:39:03,300
+الله وبرك الله فيكم والسلام عليكم ورحمة الله
+
+439
+00:39:03,300 --> 00:39:03,980
+وبركاته
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZZ8ASUiLEKVKvwcEdfmB_y/EEH3Y-pcsGg_postprocess.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1916 @@
+1
+00:00:19,670 --> 00:00:23,090
+الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف
+
+2
+00:00:23,090 --> 00:00:27,750
+الخلق وسيد المرسلين وسيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه
+
+3
+00:00:27,750 --> 00:00:31,930
+أجمعين اللهم لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا إنك أنت
+
+4
+00:00:31,930 --> 00:00:36,310
+العليم الحكيم اللهم علمنا ما ينفعنا وانفعنا بما
+
+5
+00:00:36,310 --> 00:00:41,940
+علمتنا وازدنا علمة آمين رب العالمين أما بعدأجهتها
+
+6
+00:00:41,940 --> 00:00:46,300
+الأخوات الكريمات هذه آخر محاضرة معنا في الكتاب
+
+7
+00:00:46,300 --> 00:00:51,900
+المقرر ويبقى لنا محاضرة في الشيعة ملزمة خارج هذا
+
+8
+00:00:51,900 --> 00:00:57,300
+الكتاب وإن أردتم محاضرة أخيرة نهائية في المراجعة
+
+9
+00:00:57,300 --> 00:01:02,220
+فلكم الأمر ان شاء الله تعالى حضرتنا اليوم أنوانها
+
+10
+00:01:02,220 --> 00:01:09,870
+المستقبل للإسلام نتعرف من خلالها على المباشراتبنصر
+
+11
+00:01:09,870 --> 00:01:14,910
+الإسلامي وانتصار الإسلام والمسلمين وهي مباشرات
+
+12
+00:01:14,910 --> 00:01:20,930
+كثيرة وعديدة سنقتصر في الحديث عنها على المباشرات
+
+13
+00:01:20,930 --> 00:01:26,450
+القرآنية والمباشرات النبوية فقط ما دون ذلك موضوعات
+
+14
+00:01:26,450 --> 00:01:34,130
+مهمة ومفيدة ترجعون اليها للقراءة والاطلاعأول هذه
+
+15
+00:01:34,130 --> 00:01:37,750
+المباشرات يا أخوات وهي المباشرات القرآنية، آيات
+
+16
+00:01:37,750 --> 00:01:44,350
+كثيرة من القرآن الكريم فيها يبشر الله تعالى هذه
+
+17
+00:01:44,350 --> 00:01:50,320
+الأمة، أمة الإسلامالمسلمين تبشرهم بنصره سبحانه
+
+18
+00:01:50,320 --> 00:01:57,280
+وتعالى وغلبة دينه وهي في جوانب متعددة من هذه
+
+19
+00:01:57,280 --> 00:02:02,440
+الجوانب هناك مباشرات تؤكد لنا غلبة هذا الدين وهو
+
+20
+00:02:02,440 --> 00:02:08,500
+الإسلام وظهوره على ما عداه من الأديان في كل جانب
+
+21
+00:02:08,500 --> 00:02:12,700
+نلحظ مجموعة من الآيات مطلوب ان احفظ آية واحدة
+
+22
+00:02:12,700 --> 00:02:19,290
+كدليل لو جاء سؤال اذكره دليلا علىغلبت الدين وظهوره
+
+23
+00:02:19,290 --> 00:02:22,650
+على ما عداه من الأديان أنا بنحفظ آية واحدة وقد
+
+24
+00:02:22,650 --> 00:02:27,230
+يأتي السؤال بذكر الآية أو الدليل وعلى ماذا تدل من
+
+25
+00:02:27,230 --> 00:02:32,190
+المباشرات بجيبله العنوان اللي تحته هذه الآية ففي
+
+26
+00:02:32,190 --> 00:02:35,710
+المباشرات بغلبت الدين وظهوره على ما عداه من
+
+27
+00:02:35,710 --> 00:02:39,350
+الأديان مجموعة من الآيات منها من تقرأنا الآية
+
+28
+00:02:39,350 --> 00:02:43,290
+الأولى تفضل يا أخوتيقال قوله تعالى يريدون أن
+
+29
+00:02:43,290 --> 00:02:48,090
+يطفئوا نور الله بأكواههم ويقبل الله إلا أن يتم
+
+30
+00:02:48,090 --> 00:02:54,150
+نوره ويقبل الله إلا أن يتم نوره و لو كره الكافرون
+
+31
+00:02:54,150 --> 00:03:00,430
+كمل الآية هو الذي هو الذي أرسل رسوله بالهدى ودين
+
+32
+00:03:00,430 --> 00:03:04,350
+الحق ليظهره على الدين كله و لو كره المشرفين الله
+
+33
+00:03:04,350 --> 00:03:07,790
+أفتح عليك و برك الله فيك هذه الآية صريحة و واضحة
+
+34
+00:03:07,790 --> 00:03:15,180
+فيإرادة الله تعالى مقابل إرادة الكافرين الكافرين
+
+35
+00:03:15,180 --> 00:03:19,360
+يريدون أن يطفئوا نور الله يعني دين الله والإسلام
+
+36
+00:03:19,360 --> 00:03:25,560
+والقرآن بأفواههم بالتشكيك والصدع عن سبيل الله
+
+37
+00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:32,110
+وإرادة الله تعالى ويقبل الله إلا أن يتم نورهويقبى
+
+38
+00:03:32,110 --> 00:03:36,630
+الله إرادة الله تقبى أن تتحقق إرادة الكافرين وتقبى
+
+39
+00:03:36,630 --> 00:03:44,210
+إلا أن يتم الله نوره الإسلام لابد أن يتم هذا
+
+40
+00:03:44,210 --> 00:03:50,210
+الإسلام وينتشر بل وأن يظهر ليظهره على الدين كله
+
+41
+00:03:50,210 --> 00:03:54,570
+والظهور هنا بمعنى .. إيش معنى الظهور؟الغلبة
+
+42
+00:03:54,570 --> 00:03:59,670
+والانتصار ان ينتصر ويعلو هذا الدين على سائر
+
+43
+00:03:59,670 --> 00:04:05,230
+الأديان الباطلة المحرفة وهذا الوعد من الله تعالى
+
+44
+00:04:05,230 --> 00:04:09,590
+قد تحقق تحقق للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ومن بعده
+
+45
+00:04:09,590 --> 00:04:14,630
+لخلفائه الراشدين من بعده وانتصر الإسلام على الفرس
+
+46
+00:04:14,630 --> 00:04:20,950
+وعلى الروم وانتشر في بقاع الأرض كما وعد الله تعالى
+
+47
+00:04:20,950 --> 00:04:26,340
+وصدق الله وعدةأيضا في آية أخرى في هذا المجال و هذا
+
+48
+00:04:26,340 --> 00:04:30,240
+الجانب، مين من الأخوات؟ هتحب تقرألنا إياها؟ أخد
+
+49
+00:04:30,240 --> 00:04:34,560
+مرة من هنا و مرة من هنا؟ أه، مين الأخوات الورا؟ مش
+
+50
+00:04:34,560 --> 00:04:41,040
+عايزين؟ بلاش، هتفضل يا أختيمن الشيطان الرجيم ألم
+
+51
+00:04:41,040 --> 00:04:48,460
+ترى كيف ضرب الله مثلا كلمة طيبة كشجرة طيبة أصلها
+
+52
+00:04:48,460 --> 00:04:55,880
+ثابت وفرقها في السماء تؤتي أكلها كل حين بإذن ربها
+
+53
+00:04:55,880 --> 00:05:02,480
+ويضرب الله بالأمثال للناس لعلهم يتذكروا ومثل كلمة
+
+54
+00:05:02,480 --> 00:05:09,910
+خبيثة كشجرة خبيفة اشتفت من فرق الأرضالله أفتى عليك
+
+55
+00:05:09,910 --> 00:05:16,530
+وبرك الله فيك هذا مثل عظيم ضرباه الله تعالى للكلمة
+
+56
+00:05:16,530 --> 00:05:20,550
+الطيبة ولكلمة الخبيثة ويمثل الكلمة الطيبة من يا
+
+57
+00:05:20,550 --> 00:05:25,530
+أخواتي الدين الإسلام كلمة التوحيد لا إله إلا الله
+
+58
+00:05:25,530 --> 00:05:30,570
+مثل هذه الكلمة كشجرة طيبة أصل هذه الشجرة ثابتة في
+
+59
+00:05:30,570 --> 00:05:36,870
+الأرض مستقرةمتجذرة وفرعها منتشر في السماء فهذه
+
+60
+00:05:36,870 --> 00:05:40,710
+كلمة ثابتة مستقرة لا يمكن لأحد أن يقلعها أو
+
+61
+00:05:40,710 --> 00:05:46,510
+يزحزحها مقابل ومثل كلمة خبيثة كشجرة خبيثة اجتثت من
+
+62
+00:05:46,510 --> 00:05:51,350
+فوق الأرض ما لهااش قرار ما لها من قرار فاش إلى
+
+63
+00:05:51,350 --> 00:05:55,750
+جذور تثبتها لأنه كلمة خبيثة فأما الزبد فيذهب جفاء
+
+64
+00:05:55,750 --> 00:06:00,070
+وأما ماينفع الناس فيمكثه في الأرض هكذا إرادة الله
+
+65
+00:06:00,070 --> 00:06:05,520
+تعالى فهذا وعد الله تعالىوبشرة من الله تعالى بأن
+
+66
+00:06:05,520 --> 00:06:09,680
+ينتصر هذا الدين ويعلو هذا الدين ويظهر هذا الدين
+
+67
+00:06:09,680 --> 00:06:14,420
+على سائر الأديان الباطلة المحرفة التي حرف أهلها
+
+68
+00:06:14,420 --> 00:06:20,870
+وأصحابها جانب آخر من جوانبالمباشرات القرآنية هو
+
+69
+00:06:20,870 --> 00:06:26,890
+مباشرات وعده سبحانه وتعالى بالنصر للمسلمين
+
+70
+00:06:26,890 --> 00:06:30,850
+وبالتمكين لدينهم كما ذكرنا قبل قليل في كل جانب في
+
+71
+00:06:30,850 --> 00:06:35,770
+مجموعة من الآيات هنا عندي قعب هذه الآيات مين من
+
+72
+00:06:35,770 --> 00:06:41,050
+الأخوات تحب تقرأ لنا اتفضل قوله
+
+73
+00:06:41,050 --> 00:06:46,250
+تعالى يقاتلون
+
+74
+00:06:49,070 --> 00:07:02,670
+بأنهم ظلموا ربنا
+
+75
+00:07:02,670 --> 00:07:09,010
+الله له
+
+76
+00:07:09,010 --> 00:07:12,410
+الدمت
+
+77
+00:07:12,410 --> 00:07:16,290
+وبيعوا صلوات
+
+78
+00:07:37,750 --> 00:07:42,830
+الله يفتح عليك عليكم جميعاهذه الآية الكريمة فيها
+
+79
+00:07:42,830 --> 00:07:48,110
+موضعان في أولها وفي آخرها بوعد الله بنصر المؤمنين
+
+80
+00:07:48,110 --> 00:07:54,210
+في أولها وإن الله على نصرهم لقدير الله قادر على
+
+81
+00:07:54,210 --> 00:07:58,730
+نصر بل قدير صيغة مبالغة على نصر المؤمنينوفي
+
+82
+00:07:58,730 --> 00:08:03,510
+نهايتها وَلَيَنصُرَنَّ اللَّهُ مَن يَنصُرُهُ إِن
+
+83
+00:08:03,510 --> 00:08:08,570
+الله لقوي عزيز وعد محتوم مؤكد من الله تعالى بأن
+
+84
+00:08:08,570 --> 00:08:15,170
+ينصر من ينصره ونصر المؤمنين لله معناه نصر دينه
+
+85
+00:08:15,170 --> 00:08:21,010
+وتأيد دينه والسير على دينه فمن يؤيد دين الله ويتبع
+
+86
+00:08:21,010 --> 00:08:25,750
+دين الله ويسير على دين الله وينصر دين الله ينصره
+
+87
+00:08:25,750 --> 00:08:32,860
+الله تعالىو آيات كثيرة أيضا من تقرأنا كمان آية في
+
+88
+00:08:32,860 --> 00:08:38,640
+هذا المجال و هذا الجانب و لقد سبقت كلمتنا .. آه يا
+
+89
+00:08:38,640 --> 00:08:46,080
+أخوات تفضلي و لقد سبقت كلمتنا لعبادنا المرسلين
+
+90
+00:08:46,080 --> 00:08:53,430
+إنهم لهم المنصورون و إن جندناالله يفتح عليك، إذا
+
+91
+00:08:53,430 --> 00:08:59,790
+هم المنصرون والغالبون، النصر والغلب لمين؟ لرسل
+
+92
+00:08:59,790 --> 00:09:07,230
+الله المرسلين و لجند الله تعالى المؤمنينوهذا الوعد
+
+93
+00:09:07,230 --> 00:09:12,810
+ما دام من الله فهو وعد مؤكد محتوم لابد و أن يتحقق
+
+94
+00:09:12,810 --> 00:09:17,930
+وقد تحقق بالفعل هذا الوعد كما وعد الله تعالى في
+
+95
+00:09:17,930 --> 00:09:21,210
+آية أخرى دعوني أقرأها مادام تزهدوا في القراءة
+
+96
+00:09:21,210 --> 00:09:26,270
+قاعدين و بنطلبكم يقول الله عز وجلبعد أعوذ بالله من
+
+97
+00:09:26,270 --> 00:09:33,010
+الشيطان الرجيم وعد الله الذين آمنوا منكم وعملوا
+
+98
+00:09:33,010 --> 00:09:41,190
+الصالحات ليستخلفنهم في الأرض ليستخلفنهم في الأرض
+
+99
+00:09:41,190 --> 00:09:49,190
+كما استخلف الذين من قبلهم وليمكنن لهم دينهم
+
+100
+00:09:50,700 --> 00:09:55,020
+وَلَيُمَكِّنَنَّ لَهُم دِينَهُمُ اللَّذِي اغتضى
+
+101
+00:09:55,020 --> 00:09:58,580
+لَهُمْ وَلَيُبَدِّلَنَّهُمْ
+
+102
+00:09:58,580 --> 00:10:04,900
+مِن بَعْدِ خَوفِهِمْ أَمْنًا يَعْبُدُونَنِي لَا
+
+103
+00:10:04,900 --> 00:10:11,740
+يُشْرِكُونَ بِي شَيْءَ وَمَن كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ
+
+104
+00:10:11,740 --> 00:10:17,500
+فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ
+
+105
+00:10:18,840 --> 00:10:23,520
+صدق الله العظيم هذه الآية العظيمة من آيات الله وكل
+
+106
+00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:30,160
+آيات الله عظيمة فيها ثلاثة وعود من الله تعالى مش
+
+107
+00:10:30,160 --> 00:10:35,520
+وعد واحد تلت وعود ما هي هذه الوعود التلاتة وعد
+
+108
+00:10:35,520 --> 00:10:38,520
+الله الذين آمنوا منكم وعملوا الصالحات أولا
+
+109
+00:10:38,520 --> 00:10:43,080
+ليستخلفنهم في الأرض الاستخلاف في الأرض
+
+110
+00:10:45,800 --> 00:10:49,200
+وَلَيُمَكِّنَنَّ لَهُمْ دِينَهُمْ، أن يمكن لهم
+
+111
+00:10:49,200 --> 00:10:55,460
+دينهم يعني يقوي لهم دينهم تلاثة ويبدل خوفهم أمنا
+
+112
+00:10:55,460 --> 00:11:00,100
+يبدل هذا الخوف الذي كانوا فيه إلى أمن وقد تحقق ذلك
+
+113
+00:11:00,100 --> 00:11:03,500
+للمسلمين الأوائل في زمن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
+
+114
+00:11:03,500 --> 00:11:10,250
+حيث كانوا لا يأمنون على أنفسهم وكانوا يختفونبدينهم
+
+115
+00:11:10,250 --> 00:11:17,810
+سرًا يؤدون الواجبات والصلاة وغيرها سرًا وبعد
+
+116
+00:11:17,810 --> 00:11:24,050
+هجراتهم إلى المدينة وتقوية
+
+117
+00:11:24,050 --> 00:11:29,660
+جيش المسلمين الله تعالى أعطاهم القوة والمنعأصبحت
+
+118
+00:11:29,660 --> 00:11:34,460
+لهم الدولة والخلافة والسيادة وأمنوا بعد الخوف الذي
+
+119
+00:11:34,460 --> 00:11:40,320
+كانوا عليه وتمكن هذا الدين دين الإسلام فهذا الوعد
+
+120
+00:11:40,320 --> 00:11:45,500
+انتحقق للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم و لأصحابه وأيضا في
+
+121
+00:11:45,500 --> 00:11:48,800
+عهد و زمن الخلفاء الراشدين و ذلك بالفتوحات
+
+122
+00:11:48,800 --> 00:11:55,270
+الإسلاميةجانب ثالث من الجوانب التي فيها المباشرات
+
+123
+00:11:55,270 --> 00:12:05,710
+القرآنية هو جانب عنوانه بارك
+
+124
+00:12:05,710 --> 00:12:09,630
+الله فيك إذا أخبر القرآن الكريم في كثير من آياته
+
+125
+00:12:09,630 --> 00:12:15,610
+يا أخوات بأن كيد الكافرين ماله ضعيف وفي ضلال
+
+126
+00:12:15,610 --> 00:12:20,670
+وسيفشل وسيهزم وسيتلاشى
+
+127
+00:12:21,960 --> 00:12:25,760
+في صدهم عن سبيل الله تعالى و آيات كثيرة في هذا
+
+128
+00:12:25,760 --> 00:12:31,100
+المجال و هذا الجانب منها قول الله تعالى فضلا ياخد
+
+129
+00:12:31,100 --> 00:12:46,380
+قراينا الله
+
+130
+00:12:46,380 --> 00:12:50,140
+يفتح
+
+131
+00:12:50,140 --> 00:12:51,340
+عليك و برك الله فيك
+
+132
+00:12:54,160 --> 00:13:00,320
+هذه الآية فيها بياء واضح لمصير ومقال الكفار الذين
+
+133
+00:13:00,320 --> 00:13:06,820
+ينفقون الأموال الطائلة في الصد عن سبيل الله إن
+
+134
+00:13:06,820 --> 00:13:12,480
+الذين كفروا ينفقون أموالهم وغايتهم وهدفهم ليصدوا
+
+135
+00:13:12,480 --> 00:13:17,020
+عن سبيل الله ليصدوا الناس عن طريق الله عن الدين
+
+136
+00:13:17,640 --> 00:13:22,400
+فربنا سبحانه وتعالى يقول فسينفقونها خليهم ينفقوه
+
+137
+00:13:22,400 --> 00:13:27,060
+وبعد ما ينفقوها ويخلصوا ثم تكون عليهم حصرة وندام
+
+138
+00:13:27,060 --> 00:13:30,840
+ياريتنا ما أنفقنا وخسرنا هالمخاسر ودفعنا اللي
+
+139
+00:13:30,840 --> 00:13:35,120
+دفعناه لأن كله طلع على الفاضل وما استفدنا من ورائه
+
+140
+00:13:35,120 --> 00:13:41,380
+شيء بل ثم يغلبون بعد أن كانوا يظنون أنهم سينتصرون
+
+141
+00:13:41,380 --> 00:13:46,690
+بهذه الأموال الطائلةوبهذا الإنفاق إذ بهم يفشلون
+
+142
+00:13:46,690 --> 00:13:52,350
+ويهزمون ثم في نهاية الأمر يوم القيامة إلى جهنم
+
+143
+00:13:52,350 --> 00:13:57,090
+يحشرون والعياذ بالله أيضا من الآيات اللي كنا
+
+144
+00:13:57,090 --> 00:13:59,730
+بنحفظها في الجزء الأخير من القرآن في الجزء العام
+
+145
+00:13:59,730 --> 00:14:08,090
+قوله تعالى بارك
+
+146
+00:14:08,090 --> 00:14:13,090
+الله فيك الله افتح عليك هذا الكيد يقابله كيد أعظم
+
+147
+00:14:13,990 --> 00:14:18,690
+بل ولا يقارن كيد الكفار الذين يكيدون للمؤمنين
+
+148
+00:14:18,690 --> 00:14:23,850
+ويدبرون للمؤمنين ويخططون للمؤمنين والمسلمين يقابله
+
+149
+00:14:23,850 --> 00:14:28,450
+كيد الله سبحانه وتعالى وشتان بين هذا الكيد وهذا
+
+150
+00:14:28,450 --> 00:14:33,010
+الكيد هذا في البلاغة فقط يسمى باب المشاكلة يعني
+
+151
+00:14:33,010 --> 00:14:39,820
+لفظ شكل اللفظ نفس الشكل يكيدونوأكيده يمكرون ويمكر
+
+152
+00:14:39,820 --> 00:14:45,040
+الله فهذا المكر وهذا الكيد ليس كما مكر وكيد البشر
+
+153
+00:14:45,040 --> 00:14:50,220
+فمكر الله وكيد الله هو مكر وكيد خير لكن مكرهم
+
+154
+00:14:50,220 --> 00:14:55,940
+وكيدهم مكر سوء وشر وخبث ولؤم وكذا فالله تعالى
+
+155
+00:14:56,630 --> 00:15:00,910
+يشاكلهم في اللفظ لكن في الحقيقة شتان ما بين مكر
+
+156
+00:15:00,910 --> 00:15:06,370
+الله وكيد الله وكيد هؤلاء الكفار فهو كيده تدبير
+
+157
+00:15:06,370 --> 00:15:12,050
+وتخطيط لعباده المؤمنين سبحانه وتعالى حيث لا يتركهم
+
+158
+00:15:12,050 --> 00:15:20,510
+وحدهم بل يقف معهم ويساندهم ذلكم وأن الله موهن كيد
+
+159
+00:15:20,510 --> 00:15:27,060
+الكافرين ايش موهن؟عملته موهنًا على واهن ضعفًا على
+
+160
+00:15:27,060 --> 00:15:30,620
+ضعف، إذا أننا موهن يعني، موت ضعيف، سيضعف الله
+
+161
+00:15:30,620 --> 00:15:34,880
+سبحانه وتعالى كيدة الكافرين، بكفي نحفظ دليل لو جاء
+
+162
+00:15:34,880 --> 00:15:40,700
+سؤال و اذكريه دليلًا على أن كيدة الكفار في ضلال
+
+163
+00:15:40,700 --> 00:15:44,680
+سيضعفه الله، سيبطله الله، من هذه الأيات السهلة
+
+164
+00:15:44,680 --> 00:15:51,380
+اللي محفوظة لدينا جميعًاهذه أخوات بعض آيات القرآن
+
+165
+00:15:51,380 --> 00:15:56,920
+وبعض الجوانب التي فيها مباشرات بانتصار الإسلام
+
+166
+00:15:56,920 --> 00:16:02,000
+والمسلمين في الجانب الآخر جانب آخر من المباشرات هي
+
+167
+00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:07,780
+جانب المباشرات النبوية إذا كان هناك تلت جوانب في
+
+168
+00:16:07,780 --> 00:16:11,780
+القرآن تعرفنا عليها فيها خمس جوانب خمس مباشرات
+
+169
+00:16:11,780 --> 00:16:18,950
+س��تعرف عليهأول هذه المباشرات في مباشرات عامة يعني
+
+170
+00:16:18,950 --> 00:16:24,150
+بصورة عامة دون تحديد أشياء كما سيأتي تحديد هذه
+
+171
+00:16:24,150 --> 00:16:28,110
+الأشياء في المباشرات الأخرى المباشرات العامة بنصر
+
+172
+00:16:28,110 --> 00:16:33,210
+الإسلام وإذلال الكافرين ومنها قوله صلى الله عليه
+
+173
+00:16:33,210 --> 00:16:40,410
+وسلم في الحديث من تقرأنا الحديث تفضل صلى الله عليه
+
+174
+00:16:40,410 --> 00:16:48,170
+وسلمبشر هذه الأمة .. أي أمة؟ الإسلامية تشارع إليها
+
+175
+00:16:48,170 --> 00:16:51,990
+بالسناء والنصر والتمكين .. إيش يعني بالسناء؟
+
+176
+00:16:51,990 --> 00:16:58,030
+بالعلو والرفع والمكانة العالية وبأن ينصرها الله
+
+177
+00:16:58,030 --> 00:17:04,370
+ويمكن له .. هذه الأمةمبشرة من قبل الله ومبشرة من
+
+178
+00:17:04,370 --> 00:17:09,070
+قبل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إن هذا القرآن يهدي
+
+179
+00:17:09,070 --> 00:17:13,730
+للتي هي أقوى ويبشر المؤمنين دائما ربنا بيبشر ومنهج
+
+180
+00:17:13,730 --> 00:17:16,790
+النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان دائما نقول بشروا ولا
+
+181
+00:17:16,790 --> 00:17:21,550
+تنفروا يسروا ولا تعسروا فهذا الدين قائم على
+
+182
+00:17:21,550 --> 00:17:27,140
+التبشيرتبشير المؤمنين وان يكونوا دائما متفائلين
+
+183
+00:17:27,140 --> 00:17:33,920
+بالنصر و بالمستقبل القريب له أيضا من هذه المباشرات
+
+184
+00:17:33,920 --> 00:17:38,040
+الجميلة تفضل نرجع إلى الأخوات مادة ما مافيش حد بده
+
+185
+00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:44,080
+شارك .. شاركوا معانا في البداية تفضل صلى
+
+186
+00:17:44,080 --> 00:17:51,800
+الله عليه و سلم ماذا يقولإيش يعني لا يبلغنا؟ ده
+
+187
+00:17:51,800 --> 00:17:56,020
+الكلمة من عنا مش من الحديث يعني بيان لمعنى لا
+
+188
+00:17:56,020 --> 00:18:01,440
+يبلغنا يعني لا يصلنا يبلغ يصل لا يبلغنا هذا الأمر
+
+189
+00:18:01,440 --> 00:18:16,760
+كمان مرة بيهيأ
+
+190
+00:18:16,760 --> 00:18:21,710
+الكفر برك الله فيك و أحسنتهذا الحديث الرائع الجميل
+
+191
+00:18:21,710 --> 00:18:27,170
+فيهبشرة عظيمة كبيرة انتبهوا يا أخوات وركزوا في هذه
+
+192
+00:18:27,170 --> 00:18:31,430
+المعاني الجميلة في هذا الحديث ليبلغن هذا الأمر
+
+193
+00:18:31,430 --> 00:18:36,450
+وهذا الأمر إشارة إلى مين؟ إلى الدين إلى الإسلام في
+
+194
+00:18:36,450 --> 00:18:39,990
+كثير من الحديث يشير النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى
+
+195
+00:18:39,990 --> 00:18:44,790
+الدين بقوله هذا الأمر من أحدث في أمرنا هذا أمرنا
+
+196
+00:18:44,790 --> 00:18:49,170
+هذا يعني في ديننا هذا فالإشارة هنا إلى الدين وهنا
+
+197
+00:18:49,170 --> 00:18:54,420
+يقول ليبلغن هذا الأمرهذا الأمر يعني سيبلغ هذا
+
+198
+00:18:54,420 --> 00:18:59,940
+الدين، ايش سيبلغ كلنا؟ سيصل .. سيصل هذا الدين ما
+
+199
+00:18:59,940 --> 00:19:05,580
+بلغ الليل والنهار يعني ما وصل الليل والنهار طب
+
+200
+00:19:05,580 --> 00:19:09,620
+الليل والنهار بيصل إلى ربع الكورة الأرضية بس؟ ولا
+
+201
+00:19:09,620 --> 00:19:14,500
+إلى نصفها؟ ولا إلى ثلاثة أرباعها؟ ايه الخيار
+
+202
+00:19:14,500 --> 00:19:19,940
+الصحي؟ ولا لا شيء مما سبق؟الليل والنهار يصل إلى
+
+203
+00:19:19,940 --> 00:19:24,280
+الكرة الأرضية كلها، معناه ذلك أن الإسلام سيصل إلى
+
+204
+00:19:24,280 --> 00:19:30,460
+الكرة الأرضية كلها بموجب هذا الحديث، ليبلغن هذا
+
+205
+00:19:30,460 --> 00:19:34,460
+الأمر، هذا الدين وهذا الإسلام ما بلغ الليل والنهار
+
+206
+00:19:35,130 --> 00:19:39,290
+وبيأكد إن أكثر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بلوغ هذا
+
+207
+00:19:39,290 --> 00:19:46,790
+الدين لكل الأرض و لا يترك الله بيت مدر ولا وبر إيش
+
+208
+00:19:46,790 --> 00:19:50,510
+هو بيت المدر؟ وإيش هو بيت ال .. ال .. ال .. ال ..
+
+209
+00:19:50,510 --> 00:19:50,590
+ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال
+
+210
+00:19:50,590 --> 00:19:50,710
+.. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال ..
+
+211
+00:19:50,710 --> 00:19:50,790
+ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال
+
+212
+00:19:50,790 --> 00:19:50,850
+.. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال ..
+
+213
+00:19:50,850 --> 00:19:52,090
+ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال
+
+214
+00:19:52,090 --> 00:19:52,510
+.. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال .. ال ..
+
+215
+00:19:52,510 --> 00:19:57,110
+.. ال .. الالمدر يعني الحجر، مين اللي بيبنيه
+
+216
+00:19:57,110 --> 00:20:01,850
+البيوت من الحجارة؟ أهله المدينة، المدن يعني زي ما
+
+217
+00:20:01,850 --> 00:20:05,870
+يقولوها في البلد، اه فيبنونا بيوتهم من الحجر
+
+218
+00:20:05,870 --> 00:20:11,430
+والوبرالصوف وهو بيت الشعر يعني الذي يبنيه البدو
+
+219
+00:20:11,430 --> 00:20:15,190
+يعني لا يترك الله بيت مدني ولا بدوي ولا حضري ولا
+
+220
+00:20:15,190 --> 00:20:21,370
+قراوي ولا .. إلا وسيدخل هذا البيت الإسلامي وإلا
+
+221
+00:20:21,370 --> 00:20:27,930
+سيسمع هذا البيت بالإسلام خاطرهم أو غصب عنه بعزي
+
+222
+00:20:27,930 --> 00:20:31,870
+عزيزي أو بذل ذليل إذا بدوا بخاطره يصير زيه زي
+
+223
+00:20:31,870 --> 00:20:34,490
+المسلمين ولهما للمسلمين وعليه ما على المسلمين
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+224
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+225
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+الإسلام ويُعطوا الجزية عن يد وهم صاغره، بتكشف،
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+226
+00:20:44,330 --> 00:20:48,270
+ابقى على دينك، ادفع للجزية، إذا أنت ستقبل بحكم
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+227
+00:20:48,270 --> 00:20:52,630
+الإسلام بس مذلون، أما تقبله عزيزا أفضل لك، ادخل
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+228
+00:20:52,630 --> 00:20:57,510
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+يُفرض عليك وتدفع الجزيةلحكم المسلمين مقابل بقائك
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+231
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+لك تسأل إيه؟ ولا بتجاومي؟ ماشي احنا ماسألناش
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+232
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+السؤال عشان اتجاومي ده من الجواب بعد السؤال اه ولا
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+233
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+السؤال معروف؟ اه السؤال معروف فضل رأينا الحديث
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+234
+00:21:21,400 --> 00:21:25,360
+الثالث في هذا المجال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه
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+235
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+وسلم علينا الصوت مدامك بعيدة
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+236
+00:21:30,820 --> 00:21:32,240
+صلى الله عليه وسلم
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+237
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+الحديث يا أخوات أيضا من الأحاديث الرائعة الجميلة و
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+239
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+كل أحاديثه صلى الله عليه و سلم رائعة وجميلة بس في
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+240
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+241
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+245
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+248
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+249
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+250
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+251
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+252
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+أخرى كثيرة عشان الوقت بيدركنا و لسه في عندنا
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+259
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+261
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+يسير الراكب من صنعاء إلى حضر موت لا يخاف إلا الله
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+265
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+270
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+271
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+هذه الأشياء التي أخبر عنها النبي صلى الله عليه
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+349
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+يرفعوها الله والأن رفع جزء منها ما نهائيه نحن على
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+351
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+يقين أنه سيرفع الباق كما أخبر الرسول صلى الله عليه
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+وسلم ليمهد ذلك إلى المرحلة الخامسة والأخيرة عنوان
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+هذه المباشرات وهي قيام الخلافةالراشدة ثم تكون
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+354
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+خلافة على منهاج النبوة كما كانت الخلافة الأولى
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+355
+00:31:23,850 --> 00:31:29,090
+بعده صلى الله عليه وسلم على منهاج النبوة مين اللي
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+356
+00:31:29,090 --> 00:31:34,330
+سكت الآن؟ الرسول طب مين اللي بيقول ثم سكت؟وهو
+
+357
+00:31:34,330 --> 00:31:38,330
+الحديث حذايفة بيقول بعد ما عد الخمس مراحل هذه عند
+
+358
+00:31:38,330 --> 00:31:42,770
+آخر مرحلة ثم تكون خلافة راشدة على ميناج النبوة سكت
+
+359
+00:31:42,770 --> 00:31:46,810
+يعني مافيش حاجة بعدين لأن هي آخر الأمر آخر أمر
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+360
+00:31:46,810 --> 00:31:50,950
+المسلمين خلافة راشدة على ميناج النبوة وينها يا
+
+361
+00:31:50,950 --> 00:31:58,050
+أستاذ؟ نحن بانتظارهانحن بانتظاره وستكون بإذن الله
+
+362
+00:31:58,050 --> 00:32:01,890
+تعالى كما أخبر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم الصادق
+
+363
+00:32:01,890 --> 00:32:07,750
+المصدوق الذي مصدق قوله وكلامه فنحن على اعتاب
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+364
+00:32:07,750 --> 00:32:11,810
+الخلافة الراشدة التي يقودها المهدي الرجل الصالح
+
+365
+00:32:11,810 --> 00:32:17,850
+الذي وحد المسلمين فيضمن خلافة راشدة و أمة واحدة
+
+366
+00:32:17,850 --> 00:32:23,050
+وجيش واحد يقودهم الى النصر ان شاء الله تعالى طب
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+367
+00:32:23,050 --> 00:32:26,710
+وين في فلسطين يا أستاذ تقولنا في فلسطين الحديث
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+368
+00:32:26,710 --> 00:32:32,290
+الآخر يوضح مكان هذه الخلافة فقد ثبت ان النبي صلى
+
+369
+00:32:32,290 --> 00:32:36,690
+الله عليه وسلم وضع يده على رأس ابن حوالة عبدالله
+
+370
+00:32:36,690 --> 00:32:41,910
+ابن حوالة مش أبي حوالة صلحوهوقال يا ابن حيوانة إذا
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+371
+00:32:41,910 --> 00:32:47,190
+رأيت الخلافة قد نزلت الأرض المقدسة فقددت الزلازل
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+372
+00:32:47,190 --> 00:32:51,430
+والبلايا والأمور العظام والساعة يوم إذن أقربوا إلى
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+373
+00:32:51,430 --> 00:32:56,390
+الناس من يدي هذه من رأسك جدتش إيدي جريبة من راسك
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+374
+00:32:56,390 --> 00:33:01,370
+إذا حدثت هذه الأمور ورأيت الخلافة تنزل في الأرض
+
+375
+00:33:01,370 --> 00:33:08,990
+المقدسة اعرف إن السعملاء اقتربتوهي مقتربة من زمان
+
+376
+00:33:08,990 --> 00:33:13,190
+مقتربت الساعة وانشق القمر من يوم انشق القمر في
+
+377
+00:33:13,190 --> 00:33:15,870
+عهدي صلى الله عليه وسلم وقال عليه الصلاة والسلام
+
+378
+00:33:15,870 --> 00:33:20,550
+بعثت وأنا وساعتي كهاتين وأشارة بإصبعي الوسطى
+
+379
+00:33:20,550 --> 00:33:24,550
+والسبابة وجد ما بدنا نفرج بينهم ونفرج بينهم جدش
+
+380
+00:33:24,550 --> 00:33:29,610
+المسافة بعيدة كتير هذا مانجدش الكلام ألف و أربعمية
+
+381
+00:33:29,610 --> 00:33:35,310
+سنة و يزيد فما بقالنا اليوم جربت ولا ماربتش جربت
+
+382
+00:33:35,310 --> 00:33:41,110
+ولا قربتأه يا أستاذ السامة مش معانا جربت ولا قربت؟
+
+383
+00:33:41,110 --> 00:33:45,370
+قربت اه في ناس يقولك اه ليه وين لسه احنا و يوم
+
+384
+00:33:45,370 --> 00:33:49,310
+لجامعة يوم الله بفرج الله طاولة الحكاية لأ مش
+
+385
+00:33:49,310 --> 00:33:53,630
+مطاولة غمضوا اين و فاتحوا اين و احنا على أبواب
+
+386
+00:33:53,630 --> 00:33:58,930
+الساعةوما أمر الساعة إلا كلمح البصر أو هواقرة،
+
+387
+00:33:58,930 --> 00:34:03,950
+إنهم يراوناه بعيدا ونراه قريبا، وقد حدثت كل
+
+388
+00:34:03,950 --> 00:34:08,990
+علاماتها وأمراتها وإشارات وأشراطها الصغراء، ولم
+
+389
+00:34:08,990 --> 00:34:12,970
+يبق إلا الكبرى، والحلقة بين الصغراء والكبرى قد
+
+390
+00:34:12,970 --> 00:34:19,090
+تكون هي ظهور أو المهدي المسلمين، وبعد ذلك الأمور
+
+391
+00:34:19,090 --> 00:34:19,610
+تباعا
+
+392
+00:34:24,500 --> 00:34:29,820
+إذا رأيت الخلافة قد نزلت الأرض المقدسة والأرض
+
+393
+00:34:29,820 --> 00:34:34,080
+المقدسة في القرآن مين؟ فلسطين قال يا قوم ادخلوا
+
+394
+00:34:34,080 --> 00:34:37,880
+الأرض المقدسة التي كتب الله لكم ولا ترتدوا على
+
+395
+00:34:37,880 --> 00:34:41,140
+أعقابكم فتنقلبوا خاصة سيدنا موسى قال لقوم ادخلوا
+
+396
+00:34:41,140 --> 00:34:46,780
+الأرض المقدسة أرض فلسطين بإجماع العلماء والمفسرين
+
+397
+00:34:48,310 --> 00:34:52,990
+تنزل الخلافة يوما من الأيام في بيت المقدس في الأرض
+
+398
+00:34:52,990 --> 00:34:59,350
+بل كانت دائما بدايتها في المدينة ثم بغداد ثم دمشق
+
+399
+00:34:59,350 --> 00:35:04,190
+ولم تكن في الأرض المقدسة يوما من الأيام فسيكون
+
+400
+00:35:04,190 --> 00:35:08,670
+الخلافة الأخيرة في هذا المكان بإذن الله تعالىمن
+
+401
+00:35:08,670 --> 00:35:13,810
+المباشرات الجميلة وكل المباشرات جميلة منه صلى الله
+
+402
+00:35:13,810 --> 00:35:19,270
+عليه وسلم عظيمة المباشرات بقتال اليهود وانتصار
+
+403
+00:35:19,270 --> 00:35:24,810
+المسلمين عليهم ولا اعتقد ان احد من المسلمين اليوم
+
+404
+00:35:24,810 --> 00:35:31,310
+مش لم يقرأ او لم يمر عليه لم يحفظ هذا الحديث لا
+
+405
+00:35:31,310 --> 00:35:37,190
+تقوم الساعة حتى يقاتل المسلمون اليهود فيقتلونهم
+
+406
+00:35:38,620 --> 00:35:43,200
+فيقتلهم المسلمون فحتى يختبئ اليهودي من ورا الحجر
+
+407
+00:35:43,200 --> 00:35:48,320
+والشجر فيقول الحجر أو الشجر يا مسلم يا عبد الله
+
+408
+00:35:48,320 --> 00:35:54,020
+هذا يهودي خلفي فتعالى فاقتله إلا الغرقد فإنه من
+
+409
+00:35:54,020 --> 00:35:59,170
+شجر اليهود هذا الحديث متفق عليهفي البخاري وفي مسلم
+
+410
+00:35:59,170 --> 00:36:02,950
+وهو حديثه صحيح ومن أصحي الأحديث يجب الاعتقال به
+
+411
+00:36:02,950 --> 00:36:07,790
+والإيمان والتصديق به وله روايات متعددة أحد هذه
+
+412
+00:36:07,790 --> 00:36:11,730
+الروايات في روايات كثيرة بهذا المعنى لن تقوم
+
+413
+00:36:11,730 --> 00:36:17,090
+القيامة حتى يحدث هذا الحدث وهذه المعركة الفاصلة
+
+414
+00:36:17,090 --> 00:36:20,960
+بين المسلمين وليس الفلسطينيينالمسلمين كلهم
+
+415
+00:36:20,960 --> 00:36:27,440
+سيتجمعوا ويحتشدوا لقتال اليهود ولن يجمعهم إلا حاكم
+
+416
+00:36:27,440 --> 00:36:30,760
+واحد خليفة واحد قال العلماء هذا في زمن المهدي وهو
+
+417
+00:36:30,760 --> 00:36:35,380
+قريب ونحن بانتظار هذا الزمن في زمن الخلافة يجمع
+
+418
+00:36:35,380 --> 00:36:40,320
+بين المسلمين ويوحد وينتصر المسلمون على اليهود فهم
+
+419
+00:36:40,320 --> 00:36:46,240
+إلى زوال هذه الدولة المزعومة التي قامت بالاقتصاد
+
+420
+00:36:46,240 --> 00:36:51,220
+لأرضفلسطين كاملة ستعود هذه الأرض إلى أصحابها
+
+421
+00:36:51,220 --> 00:36:54,580
+وأهلها ان شاء الله تعالى المباشرات الرابعة وقبل
+
+422
+00:36:54,580 --> 00:36:58,720
+الأخيرة المباشرات بوجود الطائفة المنصورة في الشام
+
+423
+00:36:58,720 --> 00:37:02,940
+عامة وفي فلسطين خاصة احاديث كتيرة عشان نضيق الوقت
+
+424
+00:37:03,720 --> 00:37:09,180
+بتمور علينا يكفي لو حافظنا منها حديثا لتزال عصابة
+
+425
+00:37:09,180 --> 00:37:12,980
+من أمتي وفي رواية طائفة من أمتي هذه الروايات
+
+426
+00:37:12,980 --> 00:37:18,060
+متعددة يقاتلون على أبواب دمشق هذا الحديث جميل وله
+
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+00:37:18,060 --> 00:37:21,280
+خصوصية لم يقصدها الكاتب لأن الكتاب مكتوب من عشر
+
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+00:37:21,280 --> 00:37:26,400
+سنين بس هي اليوم يعني إشهارة جميلة لنا وللشعب
+
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+00:37:26,400 --> 00:37:32,000
+السورية المجروح والمكلوم والمصابالذي يعاني لا تزال
+
+430
+00:37:32,000 --> 00:37:36,740
+عصابة من أمته يقاتلون على أبواب دمشق وما حوله،
+
+431
+00:37:36,740 --> 00:37:42,340
+وعلى أبواب بيت المقدس وما حوله، لا يضرهم من خذلهم،
+
+432
+00:37:42,340 --> 00:37:47,580
+ظاهرين على الحق، إلى أن تقوم الساعة، سيبقى هؤلاءفي
+
+433
+00:37:47,580 --> 00:37:53,800
+رباط وفي جهاد ويقاتلون الكافرين والظالمين إلى آخر
+
+434
+00:37:53,800 --> 00:37:58,560
+الأحاديث في هذا المعنى وأحاديث كثيرة ترجعون اليها
+
+435
+00:37:58,560 --> 00:38:02,620
+لكي نصل إلى النقطة الخامسة والاخيرة من المباشرات
+
+436
+00:38:02,620 --> 00:38:09,770
+وهي ربما من أجمل المباشراتالتي فيها خصوصية معينة
+
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+00:38:09,770 --> 00:38:16,050
+سنتحدث عنها هذه المباشرات بفتح روم عاصمة إيطاليا
+
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+00:38:16,050 --> 00:38:23,370
+عاصمة النصرانية الكاثوليكية أحد طواقف النصارى
+
+439
+00:38:23,370 --> 00:38:29,790
+الثلاث الكاثوليكي هذه العاصمة عاصمة إيطاليا روم
+
+440
+00:38:29,790 --> 00:38:34,150
+عاصمة إيطاليا ستفتح وفتحها يعني يا أخوات إيش يعني
+
+441
+00:38:34,150 --> 00:38:39,660
+فتحها؟ تفتحيعني دخول الإسلام فيه وهذا في حديث طويل
+
+442
+00:38:39,660 --> 00:38:44,140
+في وسطه يعني نكتفي من وسطه سؤال الرسول صلى الله
+
+443
+00:38:44,140 --> 00:38:48,920
+عليه وسلم أي المدينتين تفتح أولا لو أحفظنا من هنا
+
+444
+00:38:48,920 --> 00:38:49,500
+جائز
+
+445
+00:38:52,070 --> 00:38:56,530
+اقسطنطينية او رومية كان اسمها ايه قبل ان تسمى
+
+446
+00:38:56,530 --> 00:39:00,330
+اليوم روما رومية فاجاب الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام
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+00:39:00,330 --> 00:39:05,950
+قال مدينة هراقل تفتح اولا مين مدينة هراقل
+
+448
+00:39:05,950 --> 00:39:12,590
+القسطنطينية كانت عاصمة الدولة البيزانطية الرومانية
+
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+00:39:12,590 --> 00:39:18,030
+عاصمة الامبراطورية الرومانية في ذلك الوقت وكذا كان
+
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+00:39:18,030 --> 00:39:25,470
+اسمهافقال تفتحوا مدينة هراقل أولا ويعني ذلك أن
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+00:39:25,470 --> 00:39:30,190
+روما ستفتحوا بعدها ثانيا و القسطنطينية فتحت كما
+
+452
+00:39:30,190 --> 00:39:34,710
+وعد و أخبر و بشر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أم لم
+
+453
+00:39:34,710 --> 00:39:40,930
+تفتحقسطنطينية تاكدين؟ طب فى عهد مين فتحت؟ ومتى
+
+454
+00:39:40,930 --> 00:39:47,850
+فتحت؟ فتحت القسطنطينية عام 857 على هدى القادر محمد
+
+455
+00:39:47,850 --> 00:39:53,010
+الفاتح نعم اسمه محمد السلطان محمد الثان�� الملقب
+
+456
+00:39:53,010 --> 00:39:57,230
+بالفاتح لأنه فتح القسطنطينية في هذا العام الهجري
+
+457
+00:39:57,230 --> 00:40:06,720
+857 هجري الموافق 1453 ميلادقرن الخامس عشر الميلاد
+
+458
+00:40:06,720 --> 00:40:13,920
+ومين قسطنطينية قديما مين هي اليوم أسطنبول أحد
+
+459
+00:40:13,920 --> 00:40:19,240
+المدن الكبرى لتركيا هي أسطنبول اليوم ودخل أهلها في
+
+460
+00:40:19,240 --> 00:40:24,080
+الإسلام و أصبحت فيها الخلافة الإسلامية على مدى
+
+461
+00:40:24,080 --> 00:40:27,940
+عقود من الزمان فكما أخبر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
+
+462
+00:40:27,940 --> 00:40:32,970
+بهذا الأمر وحدث فسيحدث الأمر التالي وهو الفتحروما
+
+463
+00:40:32,970 --> 00:40:37,810
+الذي نحن بانتظاره ونختم محاضرتنا بهذه المعلومة من
+
+464
+00:40:37,810 --> 00:40:42,170
+أحد دكاترة هذه الجامعة الإسلامية الكرام وقد زار
+
+465
+00:40:42,170 --> 00:40:48,390
+روما إيطاليا قبل حوالي سنتين وحدثنا وكنت جالسا وهو
+
+466
+00:40:48,390 --> 00:40:53,930
+يتحدث أنه زار هذه الدولة وهذه العاصمة وزار فيها
+
+467
+00:40:53,930 --> 00:40:59,550
+حوالي أربعين مسجد معظم مساجد روما وإيطاليا لزارة
+
+468
+00:40:59,550 --> 00:41:06,050
+مكتوب على أبواب المساجدإعلانات وبتحفيظ القرآن
+
+469
+00:41:06,050 --> 00:41:09,410
+ودورات
+
+470
+00:41:09,410 --> 00:41:14,430
+تأهيلية وعليا في أحكام التجويد هذا الكلام وين؟
+
+471
+00:41:14,430 --> 00:41:19,180
+السعودية ولا في فلسطين ولا في مصر؟ في إيطاليافي
+
+472
+00:41:19,180 --> 00:41:23,580
+مساجد إيطاليا في تحفيظ القرآن وفي دورات أحكام
+
+473
+00:41:23,580 --> 00:41:28,280
+تأهيلية وعليا بما يؤكد لنا هذه البشرة من رسول الله
+
+474
+00:41:28,280 --> 00:41:33,520
+صلى الله عليه وسلم هذه بعض المباشرات القرأنية
+
+475
+00:41:33,520 --> 00:41:39,000
+والنبويةفي الحديث عن النصر للإسلام والمستقبل
+
+476
+00:41:39,000 --> 00:41:43,340
+للإسلام والمسلمين نسأل الله تعالى أن يتحقق ذلك
+
+477
+00:41:43,340 --> 00:41:49,120
+قريبا وأن تقر عيوننا بهذا اليوم وبهذا النصر ويوم
+
+478
+00:41:49,120 --> 00:41:55,180
+إذن يفرح المؤمنون بنصر الله والسلام عليكم ورحمة
+
+479
+00:41:55,180 --> 00:41:57,280
+الله وبركاته
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZZ8ASUiLEKVKvwcEdfmB_y/EbXoqkrW0U0.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1497 @@
+1
+00:00:20,650 --> 00:00:23,910
+الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف 
+
+2
+00:00:23,910 --> 00:00:28,710
+الخلق وسيد المرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه 
+
+3
+00:00:28,710 --> 00:00:33,590
+أجمعين اللهم لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا إنك أنت 
+
+4
+00:00:33,590 --> 00:00:38,830
+العليم الحكيم اللهم علمنا ما ينفعنا وانفعنا بما 
+
+5
+00:00:38,830 --> 00:00:43,290
+علمتنا وازيدنا علمة آمين يا رب العالمين أما بعد 
+
+6
+00:00:44,650 --> 00:00:47,830
+بدأنا الحديث في آخر المحاضرة الماضية يا أخوات حول 
+
+7
+00:00:47,830 --> 00:00:53,870
+قضايا مثارة من دعاء تحرير المرأة حول المرأة هذه 
+
+8
+00:00:53,870 --> 00:00:59,490
+القضايا أثارها أعداء الإسلام من كل الاتجاهات 
+
+9
+00:00:59,490 --> 00:01:04,940
+مستشرقين أو مستغربين وأعداء الإسلام من كل الأطياف
+
+10
+00:01:04,940 --> 00:01:09,760
+حول المرأة وقضايا المرأة في الإسلام فزعموا بأن 
+
+11
+00:01:09,760 --> 00:01:15,320
+الإسلام قد ظلم المرأة وانتقص حقها في هذه القضايا 
+
+12
+00:01:15,320 --> 00:01:20,040
+على رأس هذه القضايا كما ذكرنا الميراث قد تحدثنا 
+
+13
+00:01:20,040 --> 00:01:24,180
+عنه في المحاضرة الماضية وانتهينا منه والدية 
+
+14
+00:01:24,180 --> 00:01:29,800
+والطلاق والقوامة وتعدد الزوجات وغيرها من القضايا
+
+15
+00:01:29,800 --> 00:01:34,940
+التي سنتناولها بالبحث والتفصيل بعد الانتهاء من 
+
+16
+00:01:34,940 --> 00:01:39,060
+القضية الأولى والرد عليها وهي قضية الميراث 
+
+17
+00:01:39,060 --> 00:01:42,060
+المحاضرة الماضية نكمل اليوم ان شاء الله باقي 
+
+18
+00:01:42,060 --> 00:01:46,580
+القضايا المتعلقة بالمرأة التي أثارها أعداء الإسلام 
+
+19
+00:01:46,580 --> 00:01:51,860
+حول المرأة وادعوا وزعموا أن الإسلام قد ظلم المرأة 
+
+20
+00:01:51,860 --> 00:01:56,980
+فيها وانتقص حقها ولم يعطيها حقها كاملاً من هذه
+
+21
+00:01:56,980 --> 00:02:02,360
+القضايا ،،  قالوا بأن الإسلام ظلم المرأة في 
+
+22
+00:02:02,360 --> 00:02:09,350
+الدية كما أعطاها نصف حق الرجل في الميراث حتى و هي 
+
+23
+00:02:09,350 --> 00:02:15,010
+ميتة أيضاً قد ظلمها بإعطائها نصف حق الرجل في
+
+24
+00:02:15,010 --> 00:02:21,580
+الدنيا الدية المرأة نصف دية الرجل وهذا ظلم ، لماذا لا 
+
+25
+00:02:21,580 --> 00:02:27,240
+يتساوى او تتساوى الديتان؟ فكيف نرد على هذا الزعم و 
+
+26
+00:02:27,240 --> 00:02:32,580
+هذا الادعاء و هذا الاتهام؟ فعندي أربع ردود هنا تبدأ 
+
+27
+00:02:32,580 --> 00:02:37,200
+هذه الردود بتعريف ما هي الدية،  بالتعريف يمكن أن 
+
+28
+00:02:37,200 --> 00:02:44,320
+يكون رد يعني ببيان التعريف و فهم التعريف ما هو او
+
+29
+00:02:44,320 --> 00:02:46,120
+ما هي الدية تحديدا ، فضلا 
+
+30
+00:02:50,160 --> 00:02:55,600
+قبل أن نرد عليهم بدنا نشوف و نرى ما معنى الدية 
+
+31
+00:02:55,600 --> 00:03:01,500
+فالدية هي عبارة عن تعويض مالي الذي رعي في هذا 
+
+32
+00:03:01,500 --> 00:03:05,880
+التعويض هو الخسارة المادية التي لحقت الأسرة من
+
+33
+00:03:05,880 --> 00:03:12,980
+جراء فقدها للرجل أو للمرأة ، فبدنا نشوف الخسارة
+
+34
+00:03:12,980 --> 00:03:19,070
+المادية التي تلحقالأسرة من جراء فقدها للرجل هل هي
+
+35
+00:03:19,070 --> 00:03:24,330
+تماما نفس الخسارة التي ستفقدها الأسرة حينما تفقد
+
+36
+00:03:24,330 --> 00:03:29,310
+المرأة ؟ و من هنا يبدأ الحديث و من هنا يبدأ المقارنة 
+
+37
+00:03:29,310 --> 00:03:32,370
+،،، اذا بدنا نشوف فيه عدل ولا ما فيش عدل ، فإذا ماعرفنا
+
+38
+00:03:32,370 --> 00:03:38,670
+ذلك فسنجد الجواب و الرد على هؤلاء الناس،  نقطة ثانية 
+
+39
+00:03:38,670 --> 00:03:42,900
+.. هذه النقطة الأولى يعني النقطة الثانية .. فطالما
+
+40
+00:03:42,900 --> 00:03:46,800
+الأولاد الذين قتل أبوهم خطأ والزوجة التي قتل زوجها 
+
+41
+00:03:46,800 --> 00:03:51,700
+خطأ فقدوا معيلهم الذي كان ��فق عليهم ،  ، اذا بفقدهم
+
+42
+00:03:51,700 --> 00:03:56,040
+لية ؟ الأب او ليه الزوج؟  الأسرة التي تفقد الأب او 
+
+43
+00:03:56,040 --> 00:04:01,020
+المرأة التي تفقد الزوج إنما فقدوا المعيل ، المعيل 
+
+44
+00:04:01,020 --> 00:04:05,100
+يعني المنفق الذي عليه النفقة وهو صاحب النفقة
+
+45
+00:04:05,100 --> 00:04:08,460
+المكلف بها  ، إذا هو فقدوا شيئا كبيرا من ناحية عيشة
+
+46
+00:04:09,280 --> 00:04:13,700
+مالية مادية رعيت فيه الخسارة المالية ،، كلام مش على 
+
+47
+00:04:13,700 --> 00:04:18,600
+ناحية معنوية،  ناحية المعنوية ،، الاتنين يعني فيهم نفس
+
+48
+00:04:18,600 --> 00:04:23,880
+المستوى والشعور والعاطفة في فقدان الأب او الأم
+
+49
+00:04:23,880 --> 00:04:27,540
+،، و يتفاوت ذلك عند الأبناء المتعلقين بالأب أكثر او
+
+50
+00:04:27,540 --> 00:04:32,280
+بالأم أكثر لكن هذه ناحية معنوية ،،  أما دي فهي تعويض
+
+51
+00:04:32,280 --> 00:04:37,600
+عن خسارة مالية علشان هيك بدنا نشوف الحاجة للأسرة
+
+52
+00:04:38,640 --> 00:04:43,360
+التي تفقد المعيل والزوج والأب أكثر ،  و لا حين ما
+
+53
+00:04:43,360 --> 00:04:49,260
+تفقد المرأة ؟ أما الأولاد ،،،  نقطة الثالثة ،،  فضل ، أما
+
+54
+00:04:49,260 --> 00:04:51,900
+الأولاد الذين ممكن أن يكونوا مهم،،،  ،  وذلك الذين ممكن
+
+55
+00:04:51,900 --> 00:04:55,900
+أن يسيطروا بهم فقط لتحقيق معلومي  و إنما تحقيق
+
+56
+00:04:55,900 --> 00:05:01,420
+معلومي،،  و إنما تحقيق ،،  ،  بارك الله فيك و أحسن اذا هنا 
+
+57
+00:05:01,420 --> 00:05:05,880
+تقوم المقارنة و الحديث  أنهم فقدوا المعيل ،، هنا
+
+58
+00:05:05,880 --> 00:05:10,540
+بفقدان الزوج أو الراجل هنا فقدوا ،  ،  فقدوا بفقدان
+
+59
+00:05:10,540 --> 00:05:13,520
+المرأة ،  ناحية معنوية فقط مش هي اللي بتصرف ولا بتنفق
+
+60
+00:05:13,520 --> 00:05:17,300
+ولا بتعمل علشان يقول ليش ما يترك نفس المال هنا ،  ، و
+
+61
+00:05:17,300 --> 00:05:21,040
+نفس المال هنا؟   ففي حال فقدان الزوج و المعيل باقي هو
+
+62
+00:05:21,040 --> 00:05:23,200
+اللي بينفق مافقدناش ناحية مالية  ، علشان يقول بدنا
+
+63
+00:05:23,200 --> 00:05:31,610
+نعوض نفس التعويض،،،  أربعة  نقطة ،  الرابعة في الرد عليهم 
+
+64
+00:05:31,610 --> 00:05:35,010
+، هذه نقطة حسابية  و احنا خلّينا  نترك المجال فيها 
+
+65
+00:05:35,010 --> 00:05:39,810
+للشرح والحديث ،  ، بيقول المرأة قد تأخذ من تاريكة
+
+66
+00:05:39,810 --> 00:05:46,650
+زوجها المقتول، خطأ طبعا الحديث في الدية، في القتل 
+
+67
+00:05:46,650 --> 00:05:53,790
+الخطأ ، كما يأخذ الرجل من تركة زوجته المقتولة خطأ في 
+
+68
+00:05:53,790 --> 00:05:58,750
+حالة ،  ،  بيتساوى فيها مش الدية نفسها، الدية  المصر، لكن
+
+69
+00:05:58,750 --> 00:06:04,680
+كانتش بيطلع الزوج من جراء الـ .. الـ ..  ،  كنصيب من
+
+70
+00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:09,020
+الميراث من دية المرأة ،، حينما ،  ،  يعني تطلع دية 
+
+71
+00:06:09,020 --> 00:06:12,880
+المرأة  ،   و قدش بتاخد المرأة من دي  .. من  .. من
+
+72
+00:06:12,880 --> 00:06:17,140
+الميراث من دية الرجل حينما تُعطى إليها ،   باللاجئ 
+
+73
+00:06:17,140 --> 00:06:21,960
+متساوي ،  ،   و هنا تكمن الحكمة ،  و يكمن العدل ،  و لا يمكن
+
+74
+00:06:21,960 --> 00:06:25,840
+فاهم ذلك الا من خلال ،  ،  يعني الحسبة التالية  فبقول 
+
+75
+00:06:25,840 --> 00:06:30,510
+مثال ،  ، لو كانت دية زيد زيد من الناس يعني مثال
+
+76
+00:06:30,510 --> 00:06:37,430
+المقتول خطأ  أربعين ألف دينار  ،   أربعين ألف خلاه في
+
+77
+00:06:37,430 --> 00:06:44,470
+الأربعين  ،  و خلاص ،  ،  أربعين ألف دينار  و ترك وراقه ولد و
+
+78
+00:06:44,470 --> 00:06:50,370
+زوجة مات رجل  و ترك زوجة و ولد  ،  ، كم تأخذ المرأة نصيبا
+
+79
+00:06:50,370 --> 00:06:56,610
+من الميراث ،،  ، فزوجته ، ترف ، حسب  التوزيع الشرعية ثمن
+
+80
+00:06:57,890 --> 00:07:02,490
+الـ ميراث ،  و قبل أن ن��ري هذه المسألة الحسابية هذه
+
+81
+00:07:02,490 --> 00:07:06,570
+المسألة منصوص عليها في قوله تعالى ،  لكم يعني يا 
+
+82
+00:07:06,570 --> 00:07:13,810
+أزواج ،  ، نصف ما ترك أزواجكم إن لم يكن لهن ولد ،   اذا
+
+83
+00:07:13,810 --> 00:07:18,410
+ماتت المرأة ومالهاش ولد ، سواء من الرجل أو من غيره 
+
+84
+00:07:18,410 --> 00:07:24,290
+، كانت زوجها من قبل ،  فكم نصيب الرجل ؟  ، النصف ،   و لكم الربع 
+
+85
+00:07:24,290 --> 00:07:27,950
+مما تركنا إن كان لهنا ولد
+
+86
+00:07:40,800 --> 00:07:46,180
+نصيب المرأة من ميراث الرجل  .. ولها الربع مما تركتم 
+
+87
+00:07:46,180 --> 00:07:49,760
+إن لم يكن لكم ولد  ..  اذا مافي ولد بياخدوا الربع
+
+88
+00:07:49,760 --> 00:07:54,980
+..الزوج بياخد النصف ،   اذا ما في  ..   ،  فإن كان لكم ولد 
+
+89
+00:07:54,980 --> 00:08:01,040
+فلهن الثمن .. و المسألة فيها مين ؟ فيها ولد ،  فلهن 
+
+90
+00:08:01,040 --> 00:08:05,600
+الثمن  ..  قداش التمن من الأربعين ألف الدنيا  ؟  هنا على 
+
+91
+00:08:05,600 --> 00:08:11,700
+أربعة ،  واحد ، و هنا على أربعة ،  أربعين ،  عفوا على خمسة 
+
+92
+00:08:11,700 --> 00:08:16,740
+على على ،  ثمانية  خمسة على ثمانية واحد ،  و بالتالي بيطلع 
+
+93
+00:08:16,740 --> 00:08:21,840
+خمسة ألف ، خمسة ألف ، أربعين على خمسة ،  أربعين على
+
+94
+00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:25,620
+ثمانية ، خمسة ،   القسم على ثمانية و هنا واحد  بيطلع  خمس
+
+95
+00:08:25,620 --> 00:08:32,080
+آلاف دينا ،   ،   طيب،، لمانفس المسألة و لو كانت دية فاطمة
+
+96
+00:08:32,080 --> 00:08:35,300
+هنا المثال على زيد ،  هنا المثال على فاطمة المقتولة 
+
+97
+00:08:35,300 --> 00:08:40,740
+خطأ  نصف الرجل ،  لأنه قلنا دية المرأة نصف الرجل 
+
+98
+00:08:40,740 --> 00:08:44,580
+هو أخد قد ياش أربعين  اذا قد ياش المص عشرين ،  عشرين
+
+99
+00:08:44,580 --> 00:08:50,920
+،  يا  ، حـ  ـ تاف  ،   ،  طيب قد ياش بتاخد  او بياخد الراجلوتركت
+
+100
+00:08:50,920 --> 00:08:56,380
+،  وراها ولد ،  فزوجها يرث الربع  ،  ، ولكم الربع من ما تركنا 
+
+101
+00:08:56,380 --> 00:09:03,140
+إن كان لهنا ولد ،،  ، كداش ربع  ،  ،   العشرين على أربع  ،  واحد  على
+
+102
+00:09:03,140 --> 00:09:12,120
+أربع  ،  خمسة ،   ،   إذا أخذت هي من أو أخذت نصيبها من ميراث
+
+103
+00:09:12,120 --> 00:09:16,320
+زوجها المقتول خطأ  ،  من الدية اللي  اندفعت  من  الأربعين 
+
+104
+00:09:17,970 --> 00:09:25,150
+أخذت خمسة ألف  ،   وهو نصيب الرجل  او  الزوج من العشرين 
+
+105
+00:09:25,150 --> 00:09:29,530
+، اللي هو نص الدية، من العشرين نص الدية  الراجل أخذ
+
+106
+00:09:29,530 --> 00:09:33,510
+،  برضه  هو  خمسة  ،  و كأن ربنا  ينظر أو الحكمة  و  العلم عند
+
+107
+00:09:33,510 --> 00:09:37,630
+الله ان في العاقبة ،  ،   ،  في عاقبة هذا المال اللي سيُعطى
+
+108
+00:09:37,630 --> 00:09:41,530
+،  سيكون الرجل او المرأة تأخذ نفس نصيب الرجل ،  و  هذا  لا 
+
+109
+00:09:41,530 --> 00:09:47,560
+يمكن  أن تخطر  على بال بشر ،  ،  هذا كلام الله ،   و هذه 
+
+110
+00:09:47,560 --> 00:09:51,840
+الأحكام  ،   من الله فريضة من الله ،   ،  في  التعقيب على آيات
+
+111
+00:09:51,840 --> 00:09:55,480
+،  الـ ميراث ،   ، ربنا في الآخر قال فريضة من الله  ،   يعني اللي 
+
+112
+00:09:55,480 --> 00:09:58,800
+فرض  ، هذه الأنصب او فرض هذه الفرائض ،   حتى  ،  ، سمّى  هذا 
+
+113
+00:09:58,800 --> 00:10:02,560
+العلم علم الميراث بعلم الفرائض ،   او  علم الفروض  ،  ،  لان
+
+114
+00:10:02,560 --> 00:10:08,080
+ربنا فرضه بنفسه ،   ،   ،   وحدده بنفسه ، للذكور مثل حظ  ،   الأنثيين 
+
+115
+00:10:08,080 --> 00:10:11,280
+،  و لكم  نصف ما ترك أزواجكم ،  ،  و لهم الربع ،  ،  و لكم ،   ،  اذا 
+
+116
+00:10:11,280 --> 00:10:14,760
+كل هذه الأنصاب ،،   ،   ،  ، الأنصبة اللي حددها  الله سبحانه
+
+117
+00:10:14,760 --> 00:10:19,160
+و تعالى  ، فالحكيم  ،  الـ   خبر  ،   ،  ،  ، الحكم ،  ،   العادل ،   لما بيقرر  هذه 
+
+118
+00:10:19,160 --> 00:10:23,980
+،   نصف ،  هذه ،  ربع ،  ،   تكون  في توازن  و  ميزان  و  عدل  و  حكمة  قد 
+
+119
+00:10:23,980 --> 00:10:30,060
+،   نعلمها  و  قد  لا  نعلمها  ،   أحياناً  ففي  ،   ذلك ،  العدل الكامل
+
+120
+00:10:30,060 --> 00:10:36,810
+،  هذه  ،  ،   ،  ،  يعني  ،  ،  ،  في خصوص مسألة  D   ،   ، المسألة  ،  ، الثانية   ، أما
+
+121
+00:10:36,810 --> 00:10:42,970
+،  المسألة  الثالثة  التي  يزعم أعداء الإسلام  أن الإسلام 
+
+122
+00:10:42,970 --> 00:10:46,650
+،  ،   قد ظلم  ،  المرأة فيها ،   ،   و انتقص حقها  و  لم  يعطيها حقها 
+
+123
+00:10:46,650 --> 00:10:52,150
+كاملاً   ،  هي  قضية القوامة ،   ،   ،  لماذا تكون القوامة  للرجــل   ؟  
+
+124
+00:10:52,150 --> 00:10:55,650
+لماذا  لا  تكون  ، للمرأة  مثلاً  ،   او   ،   ،  ،   ،  لـ الـ إثنين معاه  ؟   يعني 
+
+125
+00:10:55,650 --> 00:10:59,890
+هنا ،  ،   ، في عندنا  ،  نحن   أمام  ثلاثة احتمالات او  ،  ،  ، افتراضات ليش
+
+126
+00:10:59,890 --> 00:11:05,260
+،   ،   ،  ،   ،   ،  ، يعني   يا  ، مسلمين   الـ   حكم   دائما للرجــل  ،  الـ الرجــل ،   ،  الـ الرجــل   ،    طيب  ،   في  
+
+127
+00:11:05,260 --> 00:11:08,160
+هذه  الـ  ،   ،   افتراضات الـ   تلاتة لو بدنا نفترضها  و  نشوف 
+
+128
+00:11:08,160 --> 00:11:14,640
+،  الحكمة  ،  ،   ،   او   ،  ،  ، نشوف  ، مين  الأصلح في  حكم   ،    الـ أسرة   ،   ،  في  هذه
+
+129
+00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:18,220
+الـ  ،   ،   ،   تلاتة  ،   ،   افتراضات او الاحتمالات حينما تكون القوامة 
+
+130
+00:11:18,220 --> 00:11:22,220
+لـ  الـ إثنين   ،   ،   ،   معاً  ،   ،   ،    ،   لـ إثنين يحكموا بنفس المستوى ولا لما 
+
+131
+00:11:22,220 --> 00:11:26,100
+،   تكون للمرأة وحدها  على   ،   ،    ، الرجــل ولا لما  يكون للرجــل على 
+
+132
+00:11:26,100 --> 00:11:32,500
+المرأة  و نناقش  ذلك و  ، أول   احتمال   ،  ،  ،   ، كون هذه القوامة 
+
+133
+00:11:32,500 --> 00:11:38,170
+لـ  الـ  ،  ،   إثنين ،   ،    معاً ،   ،  ماذا   ،   ،  سيحصل ،    لو كانت القوامة في البيت
+
+134
+00:11:38,170 --> 00:11:42,310
+للرجــل والمرء ؟ حكم  و  ، الكلمة الأخيرة  و  ، الـ  ،   ،   حسم  و  ، كذا 
+
+135
+00:11:42,310 --> 00:11:46,170
+و ،    كذا ،  كلها   الـ   ،   ،    ،  اثنان  معنى  ،   اثنان معنى ،    ، انا  بدي
+
+136
+00:11:46,170 --> 00:11:49,250
+كذا   ،  ، لا أنا بدي  ،  ،   ،  ،   كـ   ـ ذا  ،   ،   و  لازم  يمشي   أمر  ،  ، الـ   ،  ،  ، اثنين ،   لان 
+
+137
+00:11:49,250 --> 00:11:52,830
+،  ،  كل في  ،  ، مستوى  ،   واحد  ،  لازم   كل   الـ ،    ،    ،  ،   اثنين   مع أنه في  وقت
+
+138
+00:11:52,830 --> 00:11:58,720
+واحد  ،  ،  كيف سيكون حال الأسرة؟ اتفضلي ان  نكون   رئيسين
+
+139
+00:11:58,720 --> 00:12:03,000
+للـ ،  ،    ،    ،  ،    ،  عمل  ،    هذا ،    تـ   ـ  باهى   الـ طبيعة   و  ، الخطرة  و   الـ السنة ،  فذلك  ،    ،  ،  ، يسبب
+
+140
+00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:06,000
+،   ،    ،    ،    ،  ،   وجود   رئيسين  في العمل يسبب الفساد  و  التخبط  و 
+
+141
+00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:09,560
+،   ،  ،  الـ   ،   اضطراب  فذلك  ، اللي قوله  تـ  ـ  عالي  اللي  كان فيهما  ألهة 
+
+142
+00:12:09,560 --> 00:12:16,480
+الـ   ،   ،  ،   ،   الله ،   تنقل  ،   الـ   ،   ،  الله لك ،    مـ    م   ين    هم   فيهما ،    الـ   ،  ،  ، السماوات  و الـ أرض   ،    نعم   ، 
+
+143
+00:12:26,830 --> 00:12:33,730
+بارك  الله  ،  ،   ،  ،   ،   ،   ،   ،   فيكي و احسنتي جدا في  ،    هذا الجواب  الـ   ،  ،  ، مجمل 
+
+144
+00:12:33,730 --> 00:12:41,300
+لـ   ،   الـ  ،  ،   ،   رد   على ،    منيفترض   او  يطالب ان تكون القوامة لـ   ،  الـ   ،    ،  اثنين  
+
+145
+00:12:41,300 --> 00:12:45,840
+معاهم ،  ،  كيف سيكون حال  الـ   أسرة ،   الـ اثنين  ، بتحكموا فيها زي
+
+146
+00:12:45,840 --> 00:12:50,420
+،   أي   ،   ،    عمل فيه   ،   ،    رئيسين ، مديرين ،    ، راسين   هل ممكن يستقيم ��ذا
+
+147
+00:12:50,420 --> 00:12:53,640
+العمل   ،    ، كل شوية أنا بدي   ،   كده   تقول ،   ،   لا ،  ،    ،   أنا بدي كده  ، أنا 
+
+148
+00:12:53,640 --> 00:12:58,820
+،  اريد   ،  لا أنا اريد كده    ، طيب ،    ،  ،    ،   ،   إذا كان الخلق  ،   و   ، السماوات
+
+149
+
+223
+00:18:38,650 --> 00:18:44,690
+بعضهم على بعض مش بالتفضيل انهم أفضل لأ بما خصه ان
+
+224
+00:18:44,690 --> 00:18:48,890
+التفضيل بمعنى التخصيص نخص بعضهم على بعض بخصائص
+
+225
+00:18:48,890 --> 00:18:54,970
+ومميزات بدنا نسمع وبما أنفقوا من أموالهفي ميار
+
+226
+00:18:54,970 --> 00:18:59,590
+القوامة، التخصيص، تخصيص الرجل بواعض الخصائص،
+
+227
+00:18:59,590 --> 00:19:02,730
+والانفاق، تفضّل الآن، مدام تحكي في هذا المجال
+
+228
+00:19:02,730 --> 00:19:05,430
+الاشخاص اللي هم الصلبيين اللي بيحاولوا مشاوم فكرة
+
+229
+00:19:05,430 --> 00:19:08,910
+الإسلام، لما هم يقولوا إنها مرأة مظلومة في كل شيء،
+
+230
+00:19:08,910 --> 00:19:11,610
+يظهروا المرأة اللي هي المرأة الأمريكية أو المرأة
+
+231
+00:19:11,610 --> 00:19:14,350
+الأجنبية في نظامهم، مثلًا الإسلام اعتماد قال
+
+232
+00:19:14,350 --> 00:19:17,970
+المرأة هي نسبة الرجل، وهم يقولون إن المرأة هي كل
+
+233
+00:19:17,970 --> 00:19:21,340
+مثلها مثل الرجللرقم المثال البسيط مثلا لو ذهبت
+
+234
+00:19:21,340 --> 00:19:24,320
+إلى برا و زوجها إلى مطعم أمريكية و أمريكية مثلا على
+
+235
+00:19:24,320 --> 00:19:27,380
+سبيل المثال و ذهبوا إلى مطعم أمريكية ليتجاوزوا
+
+236
+00:19:27,380 --> 00:19:31,160
+أشياء و هو يدفع عن ما أكله و هي تدفع عن ما أكلها
+
+237
+00:19:33,570 --> 00:19:38,110
+أنا اتفرج من خلال .. ليه؟ أنا صديقة ألمانية، ليه
+
+238
+00:19:38,110 --> 00:19:40,970
+القرون؟ ليها الضرورة، لأن أنت مسئولة عن كل شيء في
+
+239
+00:19:40,970 --> 00:19:44,730
+أمور حياتك، عندما تذهب يا زوجتي هي تدفع عن نفسها و
+
+240
+00:19:44,730 --> 00:19:48,170
+أبوها يدفع عن نفسها، لكن أنت كمسلماتك و أنا يا
+
+241
+00:19:48,170 --> 00:19:51,390
+جماعة عندها بنحكي .. اسمع الكل عامة يا عزيزي يا
+
+242
+00:19:51,390 --> 00:19:52,010
+أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ
+
+243
+00:19:52,010 --> 00:19:52,530
+أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ
+
+244
+00:19:52,530 --> 00:19:53,330
+أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ
+
+245
+00:19:53,330 --> 00:19:58,350
+أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ
+
+246
+00:19:58,350 --> 00:20:00,590
+أ
+
+247
+00:20:01,620 --> 00:20:04,900
+يعني أنا حابة إذا كان في الأخوة من العرب بيحضر على
+
+248
+00:20:04,900 --> 00:20:08,000
+الموقع الجامعة الإسلامية يعرفوا هذا الكلام، إحنا
+
+249
+00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:10,860
+كمسلمين حقك مكفون في كل شيء، لو بديت تشتغلي
+
+250
+00:20:10,860 --> 00:20:14,360
+الجدار، زوجك مسئولة عندك، أمك مسئولة، حتى من هو
+
+251
+00:20:14,360 --> 00:20:17,400
+الرعي أو المطلق، حتى لو كنت بديت تشتغلي من حق
+
+252
+00:20:17,400 --> 00:20:20,140
+زوجك، ان هو من حق اللي قلتي على زوجك يعطيكي، لكن
+
+253
+00:20:20,140 --> 00:20:23,760
+عند القرأة الأمريكية أو المرأة اللي هي من الأجنبية
+
+254
+00:20:23,760 --> 00:20:26,580
+الغربية، هم المسئولين، هم المسئولين عن نفسي يعني
+
+255
+00:20:26,740 --> 00:20:30,740
+نحن يا صلبيين، نحن يا فرنجة، نحن يا جارب، نحن يا
+
+256
+00:20:30,740 --> 00:20:34,860
+كل إنسان يتكلم عن الإسلام ويتطور عنه بأي كلمة،
+
+257
+00:20:34,860 --> 00:20:38,420
+انظروا إلى أنفسكم قبل أن تنظروا إلينا، نحن كنساء،
+
+258
+00:20:38,420 --> 00:20:41,300
+الله سبحانه وتعالى كرمنا، كرمنا بكل شيء، ونحن نرضى
+
+259
+00:20:41,300 --> 00:20:45,840
+ما قسمه الله لنا، وإذا كان هناك بعض، بعض من يدرون
+
+260
+00:20:45,840 --> 00:20:49,080
+إلى تحرير المرأة، ومن يقولون نحن مظلمين، نحن نفسنا
+
+261
+00:20:49,080 --> 00:20:53,580
+مظلمين، الله سبحانه وتعالى كرمنا وقد كرمنابرك الله
+
+262
+00:20:53,580 --> 00:20:58,260
+فيكي و أحسنتي وهذه رسالة للعالم الغربي والأجنبي
+
+263
+00:20:58,260 --> 00:21:04,700
+عبر الموقع الألكتروني ومركز التمييز من الجامعة
+
+264
+00:21:04,700 --> 00:21:09,520
+الإسلاميةهذه الرسالة واضحة طيب خلينا نرجع مرة أخرى
+
+265
+00:21:09,520 --> 00:21:13,140
+و نناقش موضوع القوامة و نوضحها بشيء من التفصيل
+
+266
+00:21:13,140 --> 00:21:21,880
+أكثر لماذا القوامة للرجل و ما هي المبررات الشرعية
+
+267
+00:21:21,880 --> 00:21:26,760
+ليه جعل الرجل صاحب القوامة هذه المبررات واضحة وين؟
+
+268
+00:21:26,760 --> 00:21:30,760
+في الآية التي ذكرناها قبل قليل الرجال قوامون على
+
+269
+00:21:30,760 --> 00:21:36,150
+النساء بماذا يا رب بماإذا هنا البالي السبب يعني
+
+270
+00:21:36,150 --> 00:21:42,470
+بما بسبب بما فضل الله بعضهم على بعض وبما أنفقوا
+
+271
+00:21:42,470 --> 00:21:47,770
+والتفضيل مرة أخرى هو التخصيص تلك الرسل فضلنا بعضهم
+
+272
+00:21:47,770 --> 00:21:52,490
+على بعض مش يعني في رسل أحسن من رسل عند الله لأ
+
+273
+00:21:52,490 --> 00:21:58,500
+فضلنا يعني ميزناهم بميزاتلم نعطيها لغيره ميز الله
+
+274
+00:21:58,500 --> 00:22:01,800
+النبي فلان بأن جعله كلمة الله موسى عليه السلام
+
+275
+00:22:01,800 --> 00:22:05,360
+وعيسى كلمته هو محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم حبيبه
+
+276
+00:22:05,360 --> 00:22:10,040
+وإبراهيم خاليله وبعض المميزات وخاص بعض الأنبياء
+
+277
+00:22:10,040 --> 00:22:13,780
+ليس معناها فلان أحسن من فلان أو النبي فلان أحسن من
+
+278
+00:22:13,780 --> 00:22:17,900
+النبي فلان وبما أنفق لأنه صاحب النفقة وعليه
+
+279
+00:22:17,900 --> 00:22:22,500
+الإنفاق فلبد أن تكون له القوامة وهذا أمر طبيعي مدام
+
+280
+00:22:22,500 --> 00:22:30,150
+احنا كلفنا بمهامومالية منها يعني أنه يريد من حقه
+
+281
+00:22:30,150 --> 00:22:38,230
+القوامة وتسيير أعمال البيت بإضافة أو توضيح الخصائص
+
+282
+00:22:38,230 --> 00:22:42,290
+اللي ميز الله بها الرجال على النساء كما قلنا بطق
+
+283
+00:22:42,290 --> 00:22:47,090
+الانفعال والتحكم بالأعصاب والترويوالتفكير في
+
+284
+00:22:47,090 --> 00:22:50,390
+العاقبة انا الان لو بد مثلا اطلق وحيجي الكلام في
+
+285
+00:22:50,390 --> 00:22:53,290
+.. في .. في .. في موضوع الطلاق طب لو بدأ اطلق من
+
+286
+00:22:53,290 --> 00:22:57,350
+ان انا بدأ اتحمل مسئولية نفقة و بعد كده زوجة تانية
+
+287
+00:22:57,350 --> 00:23:01,170
+و بعد هي مهر جديد و بعد .. فبيترقى لإنه مكلف لإنه
+
+288
+00:23:01,170 --> 00:23:04,670
+بدي يدفع لإنه حيخسر لإنه كده المرأة مش فارقة كتير
+
+289
+00:23:04,670 --> 00:23:09,230
+عندها يعني اهفلو تُعطى هذه الصلاحية فممكن بأي
+
+290
+00:23:09,230 --> 00:23:13,690
+سهولة عند أي زعلة عند أي touch عند أي كذا ممكن
+
+291
+00:23:13,690 --> 00:23:17,490
+كلمة لأن هم مش .. يعني مش مقدرة هذه العواقب ومش
+
+292
+00:23:17,490 --> 00:23:21,270
+هتخسر يعني كلمة وانجلت وطلعت وما أسهل كلمة حين ما
+
+293
+00:23:21,270 --> 00:23:25,090
+تخرج لكن هو دايما مائة ألف حساب قبل أن تخرج منه
+
+294
+00:23:25,090 --> 00:23:26,710
+هذه الكلمة
+
+295
+00:23:28,660 --> 00:23:33,620
+وفي تدبير المنزل وأمور التفصيلية الأخرى ولا يعني
+
+296
+00:23:33,620 --> 00:23:37,540
+ذلك في النهاية كما تفضل أستاذنا والأخ وسامة في
+
+297
+00:23:37,540 --> 00:23:43,260
+مشاركته أن الاستبداد والتحكم بل لابد من التشاور
+
+298
+00:23:43,260 --> 00:23:46,360
+وأخذ رأيها في كثير من الموضوع لكن حسم الموضوع
+
+299
+00:23:46,730 --> 00:23:50,390
+والأمر يرجع إليه، مش مانعه كل حاجة هو بيده ومتفكير
+
+300
+00:23:50,390 --> 00:23:53,830
+ومايسمعش إليها ومايدهاش حقها في التعبير عن رأيه،
+
+301
+00:23:53,830 --> 00:23:57,570
+لأ ياخد رأيه ويستمع إليه وقد يكون رأيها في كثير من
+
+302
+00:23:57,570 --> 00:24:00,690
+الأحيان أفضل من رأيه، فيأخذ بهذا الرأي، يعني نوع
+
+303
+00:24:00,690 --> 00:24:04,230
+من التشاور وهذا ما كان يفعله النبي صلى الله عليه
+
+304
+00:24:04,230 --> 00:24:08,250
+وسلم أوصى بالنساء، استوصوا بالنساء خيرا، وكان
+
+305
+00:24:08,250 --> 00:24:16,490
+يشاور يعني زوجات وليسما يُشاع من حديث هو موضوع في
+
+306
+00:24:16,490 --> 00:24:23,390
+أصله صحيح، ليس صحيحاً هذا الحديث شاوروهن وخالفوهن،
+
+307
+00:24:23,390 --> 00:24:27,610
+هذا طعن، يعني في أحكام الإسلام، كيف لرسول الإسلام
+
+308
+00:24:27,610 --> 00:24:31,500
+صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول شاوروهن وخالفوهن؟قالتلك
+
+309
+00:24:31,500 --> 00:24:34,400
+مرضك يامين وانت روح شمال وما تردش عليها او روح
+
+310
+00:24:34,400 --> 00:24:37,640
+يامين وانت روح خالفة هلها كذا يقول الرسول عليه
+
+311
+00:24:37,640 --> 00:24:40,780
+الصلاة والسلام ويقول ما لا يفعل حاشا إذا هو بيقول
+
+312
+00:24:40,780 --> 00:24:44,720
+أشاورهن وخانفهن وهو بيشاور زوجاته وبياخده بقراءة
+
+313
+00:24:44,720 --> 00:24:48,760
+كيف يقول لنا يعني عكس ما يفعل لا يمكن للنبي عليه
+
+314
+00:24:48,760 --> 00:24:51,340
+الصلاة والسلام أن يقول مثل هذا الكلام وهذا الكلام
+
+315
+00:24:51,340 --> 00:24:56,320
+في ميزان الحديث هو حديث موضوع يعني لم يقوله النبي
+
+316
+00:24:56,320 --> 00:25:03,220
+عليه الصلاة والسلامطب رابع هذه القضايا بعد الميراث
+
+317
+00:25:03,220 --> 00:25:09,940
+والديا والقوامة موضوع الطلاق أبعده الله عننا وعن
+
+318
+00:25:09,940 --> 00:25:17,340
+جميع المسلمين وإن كان أباحه الله تعالى إلا أنه
+
+319
+00:25:17,340 --> 00:25:21,760
+أبغضه أن أبغض الحلال عند الله الطلاق أباح أشياء
+
+320
+00:25:21,760 --> 00:25:26,800
+كثيرة لنا لكن مما أباحه الله تعالى لنا ويبغضه
+
+321
+00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:31,520
+الطلاقأباح لنا الطيبات والطعام والشراب وكذا وأباح
+
+322
+00:25:31,520 --> 00:25:35,560
+لنا جعل هناك مباح يعني يجوز للإنسان لم يحرم ولم
+
+323
+00:25:35,560 --> 00:25:38,920
+يمنع لكن لا يجوز على الإطلاق بل قال العلماء في
+
+324
+00:25:38,920 --> 00:25:44,580
+حكمي أنه مباح عند الحاجة مش مباح على الإطلاق يعني
+
+325
+00:25:44,580 --> 00:25:47,040
+الوقت اللي بده الواحد يروح يطلق مش هيك معناة مباح
+
+326
+00:25:47,040 --> 00:25:51,740
+ولا هو فرضولا هو سنة مؤكدة ولا مندوب إليه مختلف
+
+327
+00:25:51,740 --> 00:25:57,080
+مباهي يعني يجوز للإنسان أن يستخدمه ويستعمله عند
+
+328
+00:25:57,080 --> 00:26:01,380
+الحاجة وقال العلماء إذا لم يكن هناك حاجة وطلق
+
+329
+00:26:01,380 --> 00:26:07,460
+الإنسان زوجته بلا داعي ولا مبرر يأثم لأنه تجاوز في
+
+330
+00:26:07,460 --> 00:26:12,940
+استخدام ذأ الحق وظلم من المرأة في ذلك ولا يجوز له
+
+331
+00:26:12,940 --> 00:26:14,640
+أن يظلم المرأة
+
+332
+00:26:16,700 --> 00:26:22,300
+فزعم الغرب كعادتهم في موضوع الطلاق أن الإسلام يعني
+
+333
+00:26:22,300 --> 00:26:26,160
+ظلم المرأة في هذا وفي الطلاق تخريب للبيوت وتشريد
+
+334
+00:26:26,160 --> 00:26:30,300
+للأطفال وتفكك للأسرة وهضم لحقوق المرأة وغير ذلك
+
+335
+00:26:30,300 --> 00:26:34,060
+كيف نرد على هذا الزعم والاتعاق مع رددنا من قبل على
+
+336
+00:26:34,060 --> 00:26:38,260
+القضايا السابقة؟أول حاجة يُتهم دائما الإسلام
+
+337
+00:26:38,260 --> 00:26:42,220
+والإسلام دائما عند الغرب في قفص الاتهام إذا صار أي
+
+338
+00:26:42,220 --> 00:26:46,480
+حاجة في الدنيا الإسلام الإسلام الإرهاب الإسلام
+
+339
+00:26:46,480 --> 00:26:49,160
+التطرف الإسلام كأنه مافيش حاجة في الدنيا غير
+
+340
+00:26:49,160 --> 00:26:53,320
+الإسلام والمسلم يفعل ده الطلاق أو هذا الإسلام اللي
+
+341
+00:26:53,320 --> 00:26:57,720
+أتى بيه الإسلام في أول رد اللي أنا عليهم هل
+
+342
+00:26:57,720 --> 00:27:00,860
+الإسلام هو الذي جاء بالطلاق ودعا إلى الطلاق و ..
+
+343
+00:27:00,860 --> 00:27:04,460
+ولا مين؟ فضل يا أختي الطلاق كان معرفة قبل الإسلام
+
+344
+00:27:04,460 --> 00:27:10,930
+فجاء الإسلام بهذاسبق الإسلام أمم كثيرة كان عندها
+
+345
+00:27:10,930 --> 00:27:13,810
+الطلاق وكانوا معتدين على الطلاق واستعملوا الطلاق
+
+346
+00:27:13,810 --> 00:27:17,470
+وليس الإسلام أول من جاء بالطلاق وشرّع الطلاق لكن
+
+347
+00:27:17,470 --> 00:27:23,050
+الإسلام أبقى عليه كحكم موجود في الأمم السابقة ولكن
+
+348
+00:27:23,050 --> 00:27:27,910
+هذّب هذا الطلاق و أعطاه أحكام خاصة بهذا الذي أضافه
+
+349
+00:27:27,910 --> 00:27:31,370
+الإسلام على مهما لكن مبقى الطلاق موجود قبل الإسلام
+
+350
+00:27:31,370 --> 00:27:37,210
+موجود ليس أول من جاء به الإسلام اتنينكانت طلاق
+
+351
+00:27:37,210 --> 00:27:40,250
+مجموعة في الغرب وفقًا لتقاليد الكنيسة التي جعلت
+
+352
+00:27:40,250 --> 00:27:43,570
+الزواج مؤبدًا ولكن بعد ذلك عادت أوروبا وأمريكا
+
+353
+00:27:43,570 --> 00:27:47,730
+أخذت حل المشكلة فيها الأسرية وبلغت نسبة الطلاق في
+
+354
+00:27:47,730 --> 00:27:51,640
+أمريكا إلى حد كبيربارك الله فيك، وهذه نقطة جوهرية
+
+355
+00:27:51,640 --> 00:27:57,020
+ومهمة، لأن الطلاق في أوروبا و أمريكا و الغرب
+
+356
+00:27:57,020 --> 00:28:01,680
+والأجانب، الطلاق ممنوع، ممنوع يعني، لأن فيه إضرار
+
+357
+00:28:01,680 --> 00:28:05,420
+بالمرأة في كل الأحوال إلا في حدود ضيقة منصوصة
+
+358
+00:28:05,420 --> 00:28:10,260
+عندهم ومذكورة كحالة الزنايعني الحالة هذه او اذا
+
+359
+00:28:10,260 --> 00:28:14,620
+ثبت ان المرأة زوجت غير يعني يهودي او غير نصراني
+
+360
+00:28:14,620 --> 00:28:18,480
+فيحقلها في هذه الحالة اذا اتزوجت واحد من غير دينها
+
+361
+00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:22,480
+او الرجل يعني في حالة الزواج من غير صاحب او صاحبة
+
+362
+00:28:22,480 --> 00:28:28,000
+الدين وفي حدود ضيقة في هذه الحالةالإسلام سمح للرجل
+
+363
+00:28:28,000 --> 00:28:34,560
+المدام هناك يعني عدم انسجام في الحياة الزوجية في
+
+364
+00:28:34,560 --> 00:28:38,400
+هناك مشاكل في هناك صعوبات في هناك كذا من خلال
+
+365
+00:28:38,400 --> 00:28:43,280
+المعاشرة الزوجية فيمكن التخلص من ذلك باطلاق و أي
+
+366
+00:28:43,280 --> 00:28:48,160
+تفرقة يغني الله كله من ساعة ممكن هي تعيش حياة أفضل
+
+367
+00:28:48,160 --> 00:28:51,920
+مع زوج أخر ويعيش حياة أفضل مع زوجة أخرةإذا كانت
+
+368
+00:28:51,920 --> 00:28:57,780
+المشاكل مستعصية ومتكررة ويصعب معها العيش المستمر
+
+369
+00:28:59,750 --> 00:29:03,090
+الغرب كان عنده طلاق ممنوع ثم راجع إليه لأنه احتاجه
+
+370
+00:29:03,090 --> 00:29:05,790
+واضطر إليه وإلا بيصير فيه أزمات ومشاكل كثيرة في
+
+371
+00:29:05,790 --> 00:29:08,570
+كتير أزواج وبيوت ويظلهم عايشين مع بعض وكرهين لبعض
+
+372
+00:29:08,570 --> 00:29:12,010
+أي حياة هذه تكون جحيم انت بتكتم مع الطلاق عشان ما
+
+373
+00:29:12,010 --> 00:29:15,930
+تضرش في الطميقة فيها ضرر أكبر أن تتحمل المرأة يعني
+
+374
+00:29:15,930 --> 00:29:20,250
+ابقى هذا الرجل أو ظلمه أو العكس إذا كان يعني في حق
+
+375
+00:29:20,250 --> 00:29:23,030
+الرجل تلاتة
+
+376
+00:29:24,680 --> 00:29:28,420
+وقد أشارنا إلى هذه النقطة عميم للأخوات أنا مش شايف
+
+377
+00:29:28,420 --> 00:29:30,980
+اللتان تان تلاتة اللي بيشاركوا معانا والباقي أخوات
+
+378
+00:29:30,980 --> 00:29:40,960
+.. اه مين هنا من الأخوات اللي في الوسط؟ فتل بل
+
+379
+00:29:40,960 --> 00:29:47,760
+جعله ايه؟ فتلمش رخصة يعني إذا احتاجة إليها الإنسان
+
+380
+00:29:47,760 --> 00:29:51,560
+استخدمها وليس هو إيه أه والله كويس الواحد يطلق لم
+
+381
+00:29:51,560 --> 00:29:55,240
+يدعو إليه ولم يندب إليه ولا قال هو سنة مؤكدة
+
+382
+00:29:55,240 --> 00:29:59,000
+بياخدوا الواحد أجر له طلاق كأي عمل صالح أو .. لأ
+
+383
+00:29:59,000 --> 00:30:03,220
+إن أبغض الحلال عند الله الطلاق يعني أنت ما تستخدمه
+
+384
+00:30:03,220 --> 00:30:07,620
+يعني أنه شيء جيد في حياتك بل أنت تستخدمه للضرورة
+
+385
+00:30:07,620 --> 00:30:14,200
+للحاجة للحاجة الملحة والضرورة القصبةوليس فرضًا
+
+386
+00:30:14,200 --> 00:30:19,280
+وليس واجبًا حتى يتهم الإسلام بأن يظلم المرأة بهذا
+
+387
+00:30:19,280 --> 00:30:24,440
+الحكم أيضًا في قضية الطلاق، الطلاق لا يحدث في يوم
+
+388
+00:30:24,440 --> 00:30:26,360
+وليلة أو بكلمة واحدة وإنما
+
+389
+00:30:44,050 --> 00:30:48,570
+بارك الله فيك و أحسن هي النقطة كلنا ممكن نقرأ الآية
+
+390
+00:30:48,570 --> 00:30:52,930
+المذكورة هان الطلاق مرتان إذا في فرصتين مع الإنسان
+
+391
+00:30:52,930 --> 00:30:57,710
+مش فرصة واحدة معاها فرصتين للطلاق ممكن بعدهما أن
+
+392
+00:30:57,710 --> 00:31:01,650
+يراجع زوجته إذا طلقها الطلقة الأولى
+
+445
+00:35:03,780 --> 00:35:07,320
+حاجة يلجأ إليها الإنسان هي موضوع الطلاق يسبق
+
+446
+00:35:07,320 --> 00:35:12,220
+الطلاق أمور علاجية ممكن أن تحل أو تحل كثير من 
+
+447
+00:35:12,220 --> 00:35:17,500
+المشاكل والصعوبات بين الرجل والمرأة والزوج والزوجة
+
+448
+00:35:17,500 --> 00:35:22,450
+طب هل فقط الطلاق يعني يا غرب؟ يا أجانب، يا غربيين،
+
+449
+00:35:22,450 --> 00:35:27,010
+يا أوروبيين، يا أمريكان، هل .. اللي بتهم الإسلام،
+
+450
+00:35:27,010 --> 00:35:30,050
+هل الطلاق واحدة و الذي يشرد الأسرة و يفرقها و
+
+451
+00:35:30,050 --> 00:35:35,330
+يشتتها؟ ولا في شغلات تانية ممكن تكون كمان مثل ..؟
+
+452
+00:35:35,330 --> 00:35:37,730
+تفضلي .. ليس الطلاق هو السبب الواحد في تشرد 
+
+453
+00:35:37,730 --> 00:35:41,110
+الأطفال و تفرق الأسرة، مرتاحة سنة ثلاثة زوجية داخل 
+
+454
+00:35:41,110 --> 00:35:45,070
+الأسرة تؤدي لتشرد الأطفال بارك الله فيك، حتى في
+
+455
+00:35:45,070 --> 00:35:47,770
+المجتمع الغربى أو في الإسلام أو في غيره، مش كلمة
+
+456
+00:35:47,770 --> 00:35:51,410
+الطلاق واحدة، ممكن الخلافات اللي في .. في .. في ما 
+
+457
+00:35:51,410 --> 00:35:55,450
+بين الزوجين المتكررة تجعل ال .. ال .. الأولاد أو
+
+458
+00:35:55,450 --> 00:35:58,550
+البنات يكرهون هذا البيت المشحون بالمشاكل، كل يوم
+
+459
+00:35:58,550 --> 00:36:02,070
+مشاكل مع أمي وأبويا وكذا وكذا وكذا، بديش ال .. 
+
+460
+00:36:02,070 --> 00:36:05,310
+البيت، بديش المنزل، بتضطفش، بتدهش، بتكذا، بت .. بس
+
+461
+00:36:05,310 --> 00:36:08,950
+إذا العقد النفسي مجرد المشاكل مش من مجرد الطلاق
+
+462
+00:36:08,950 --> 00:36:12,870
+والانفصال ممكن يجد الزوج راحته بعد انفصال عن زوجته
+
+463
+00:36:12,870 --> 00:36:16,390
+ممكن تجد راحتها بعد انفصال عن زوجها هي أولاده أو
+
+464
+00:36:16,390 --> 00:36:22,710
+هو وأولاده تنتهي كثير من المشاكل في يعني دقائق
+
+465
+00:36:22,710 --> 00:36:27,560
+معدودة أخيرةوالوقت يعني أدركنا ودهامنا لماذا جعل
+
+466
+00:36:27,560 --> 00:36:32,300
+الإسلام الطلاق بيد الرجل ربما الكلام معاد ومكرر مش
+
+467
+00:36:32,300 --> 00:36:35,600
+هنعيده هنتوقف عنده النقطة الأخيرة اللي هي
+
+468
+00:36:35,600 --> 00:36:40,200
+الخصوصيات الموجودة في الرجل من المزايا اللي
+
+469
+00:36:40,200 --> 00:36:43,640
+حكيناها والخصائص بطل انفعال وعدم التصرر وكذا 
+
+470
+00:36:43,640 --> 00:36:48,880
+والانفاق اللي ربنا سبحانه وتعالى جعله يعني في حق
+
+471
+00:36:48,880 --> 00:36:53,490
+الرجل بما فضل الله بعضهم على بعض وبما أنفقواالنقطة
+
+472
+00:36:53,490 --> 00:36:57,950
+التالتة الإضافية ان بعض الناس او قلة من الناس من
+
+473
+00:36:57,950 --> 00:37:02,570
+يسيء استخدام حقه في الطلاق و هدول دايما القلة شواذ
+
+474
+00:37:02,570 --> 00:37:06,570
+و الشواذ و النوادر لا حكم لهم مانقيسش ان الناس 
+
+475
+00:37:06,570 --> 00:37:09,750
+عامة والله اي واحد على طول بيطلق و اي وقت هدول
+
+476
+00:37:09,750 --> 00:37:13,490
+بيكونوا قلة و شواذ اذا ماقيسوا بالأغلبية اللي
+
+477
+00:37:13,490 --> 00:37:17,270
+بيفكر و بقدر و بعمل النتائج و لو طلب ايش بده يصير
+
+478
+00:37:17,270 --> 00:37:22,030
+و كذا و كذا .. الأمور اللي مرت عليأخر نقطة نرد
+
+479
+00:37:22,030 --> 00:37:25,950
+فيها على الغرب و حياتهم و نظامهم عندهم في الغرب
+
+480
+00:37:25,950 --> 00:37:30,830
+الطلاق يكون بواسطة المحكمة عشان واحد يطلق واحدة
+
+481
+00:37:30,830 --> 00:37:35,030
+لازم الأثنين يروحوا المحكمة و يطلقوها هناك هل هذا
+
+482
+00:37:35,030 --> 00:37:38,450
+يلزم في ديننا و شرائنا؟ لا الطلاق يقع بكلمة واحدة 
+
+483
+00:37:38,450 --> 00:37:42,510
+يقول لها الزوج و لزوجتي أنت طالق و لا داعي يعني
+
+484
+00:37:42,510 --> 00:37:47,230
+يذهبوا إلى المحاكم و يصير فضيحةو عليها شهود و
+
+485
+00:37:47,230 --> 00:37:50,310
+المحاكم مليانة ميش اللي جاي بفلانه فالله جاي
+
+486
+00:37:50,310 --> 00:37:53,870
+نتطلقه ما شاء الله يعني الحياة هيكون شيء جيد إنه
+
+487
+00:37:53,870 --> 00:37:58,950
+رايحين عشان نتطلقه فننشر فضائحنا و نزاعاتنا و كده 
+
+488
+00:37:58,950 --> 00:38:02,570
+نروح على المحاكم هكذا في الغرب يبين حدث و مش لأي
+
+489
+00:38:02,570 --> 00:38:07,080
+سبب إلا يكون فيه سبب كما قلنا زنا الراجل او المرأة 
+
+490
+00:38:07,080 --> 00:38:10,640
+او كده فصاروا الناس في الغرب علشان يلجأوا لهذه
+
+491
+00:38:10,640 --> 00:38:16,500
+الوسيلة يخترعوا قصة هنا او هناك فيثبت زنا الزوجة
+
+492
+00:38:16,500 --> 00:38:21,000
+او المرأة تثبت زنا الراجل بتصوير بدبلجة حتى ممكن 
+
+493
+00:38:21,000 --> 00:38:24,320
+ان يمارسوا ذلك حقيقة علشان الليان بدوا يتخلصوا من
+
+494
+00:38:24,320 --> 00:38:27,420
+بعض ومافيش ما يسمح لهم في القانون الا بهذه الحالة
+
+495
+00:38:27,420 --> 00:38:31,810
+طب اثبتفبضطروا يعملوا هذه الفاحشة واحد منهم او كذا
+
+496
+00:38:31,810 --> 00:38:37,930
+و يثبتها في محضر علشان يطلق زوجته فكلها قضايا فيها 
+
+497
+00:38:37,930 --> 00:38:45,030
+فضائح و يعني الإسلام يقبأ هذا النشر و هذه الإشاعة
+
+498
+00:38:45,030 --> 00:38:50,530
+الفاحشة بين المؤمنين اتوقف عند تعدد الزوجات لإن
+
+499
+00:38:50,530 --> 00:38:54,390
+فيها كلام و شجوع ناخد راحتنا في الحديث عن تعدد 
+
+500
+00:38:54,390 --> 00:38:54,930
+الزوجات 

PL9fwy3NUQKwZZ8ASUiLEKVKvwcEdfmB_y/EbXoqkrW0U0_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2000 @@
+1
+00:00:20,650 --> 00:00:23,910
+الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف
+
+2
+00:00:23,910 --> 00:00:28,710
+الخلق وسيد المرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه
+
+3
+00:00:28,710 --> 00:00:33,590
+أجمعين اللهم لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا إنك أنت
+
+4
+00:00:33,590 --> 00:00:38,830
+العليم الحكيم اللهم علمنا ما ينفعنا وانفعنا بما
+
+5
+00:00:38,830 --> 00:00:43,290
+علمتنا وازيدنا علمة آمين يا رب العالمين أما بعد
+
+6
+00:00:44,650 --> 00:00:47,830
+بدأنا الحديث في آخر المحاضرة الماضية يا أخوات حول
+
+7
+00:00:47,830 --> 00:00:53,870
+قضايا مثارة من دعاء تحرير المرأة حول المرأة هذه
+
+8
+00:00:53,870 --> 00:00:59,490
+القضايا أثارها أعداء الإسلام من كل الاتجاهات
+
+9
+00:00:59,490 --> 00:01:04,940
+مستشرقين أو مستغربين وأعداء الإسلام منكل الأطياف
+
+10
+00:01:04,940 --> 00:01:09,760
+حول المرأة وقضايا المرأة في الإسلام فزعموا بأن
+
+11
+00:01:09,760 --> 00:01:15,320
+الإسلام قد ظلم المرأة وانتقص حقها في هذه القضايا
+
+12
+00:01:15,320 --> 00:01:20,040
+على رأس هذه القضايا كما ذكرنا الميراث قد تحدثنا
+
+13
+00:01:20,040 --> 00:01:24,180
+عنه في المحاضرة الماضية وانتهينا منه والدية
+
+14
+00:01:24,180 --> 00:01:29,800
+والطلاق والقوامة وتعدد الزوجات وغيرها من القضايا
+
+15
+00:01:29,800 --> 00:01:34,940
+التي سنتناولها بالبحث والتفصيلبعد الانتهاء من
+
+16
+00:01:34,940 --> 00:01:39,060
+القضية الأولى والرد عليها وهي قضية الميراث
+
+17
+00:01:39,060 --> 00:01:42,060
+المحاطرة الماضية نكمل اليوم ان شاء الله باقي
+
+18
+00:01:42,060 --> 00:01:46,580
+القضايا المتعلقة بالمرأة التي أثارها أعداء الإسلام
+
+19
+00:01:46,580 --> 00:01:51,860
+حول المرأة وادعوا وزعموا أن الإسلام قد ظلم المرأة
+
+20
+00:01:51,860 --> 00:01:56,980
+فيها وانتقص حقها ولم يعطيها حقها كاملا من هذه
+
+21
+00:01:56,980 --> 00:02:02,360
+القضايا الديا قالوا بأن الإسلام ظلم المرأة في
+
+22
+00:02:02,360 --> 00:02:09,350
+الدياكما أعطاها نصف حق الراجل في الميراث حتى و هي
+
+23
+00:02:09,350 --> 00:02:15,010
+ميتة أيضا قد ظلمها بإعطائها نصف حق الراجل في
+
+24
+00:02:15,010 --> 00:02:21,580
+الدنياالدية المرأة نصف دية الرجل وهذا ظلم لماذا لا
+
+25
+00:02:21,580 --> 00:02:27,240
+يتساوى او تتساوى الديتان فكيف نرد على هذا الزعم و
+
+26
+00:02:27,240 --> 00:02:32,580
+هذا الادعاء و هذا الاتهام فعندي اربع ردود هنا تبدأ
+
+27
+00:02:32,580 --> 00:02:37,200
+هذه الردود بتعريف ما هي الدية بالتعريف يمكن ان
+
+28
+00:02:37,200 --> 00:02:44,320
+يكون رد يعني ببيان التعريف و فهم التعريف ما هو او
+
+29
+00:02:44,320 --> 00:02:46,120
+ما هي الدية تحديدا فضلا
+
+30
+00:02:50,160 --> 00:02:55,600
+قبل أن نرد عليهم بدنا نشوف و نرى ما معنى الديا
+
+31
+00:02:55,600 --> 00:03:01,500
+فالديا هي عبارة عن تعويض مالي الذي رعي في هذا
+
+32
+00:03:01,500 --> 00:03:05,880
+التعويض هو الخسارة المادية التي لحقت الأسرة من
+
+33
+00:03:05,880 --> 00:03:12,980
+جراء فقدها للرجل أو للمرأة فبدنا نشوف الخسارة
+
+34
+00:03:12,980 --> 00:03:19,070
+المادية التي تلحقالأسرة من جراء فقدها للرجل هل هي
+
+35
+00:03:19,070 --> 00:03:24,330
+تماما نفس الخسارة التي ستفقدها الأسرة حينما تفقد
+
+36
+00:03:24,330 --> 00:03:29,310
+المرأة و من هنا يبدأ الحديث و من هنا يبدأ المقارنة
+
+37
+00:03:29,310 --> 00:03:32,370
+إذا بدنا نشوف فيه عدل ولا مافيش عدل فإذا ماعرفنا
+
+38
+00:03:32,370 --> 00:03:38,670
+ذلك فسنجد الجواب و الرد على هؤلاء الناس نقطة ثانية
+
+39
+00:03:38,670 --> 00:03:42,900
+.. هذه النقطة الأولى يعني النقطة الثانية فطلإن
+
+40
+00:03:42,900 --> 00:03:46,800
+الأولاد الذين قتل أبوهم خطأ والزوجة التي قتل زوجها
+
+41
+00:03:46,800 --> 00:03:51,700
+خطأ فقدوا معيلهم الذي كان نفق عليهم إذا بفقدهم
+
+42
+00:03:51,700 --> 00:03:56,040
+ليه؟ الأب أو ليه الزوج؟ الأسرة التي تفقد الأب أو
+
+43
+00:03:56,040 --> 00:04:01,020
+المرأة التي تفقد الزوج إنما فقدوا المعيل المعيل
+
+44
+00:04:01,020 --> 00:04:05,100
+يعني المنفق الذي عليه النفقة وهو صاحب النفقة
+
+45
+00:04:05,100 --> 00:04:08,460
+المكلف بها إذا هو فقدوا شيئا كبيرا من ناحية عياشة
+
+46
+00:04:09,280 --> 00:04:13,700
+مالية مادية رعيت فيه الخسارة المالية كلام مش على
+
+47
+00:04:13,700 --> 00:04:18,600
+ناحية معنوية ناحية المعنوية الإتنين يعني فيهم نفس
+
+48
+00:04:18,600 --> 00:04:23,880
+المستوى والشعور والعاطفة في فقدان الأب أو الأم
+
+49
+00:04:23,880 --> 00:04:27,540
+ويتفاوت ذلك عند الأبناء المتعلقين بالأب أكثر أو
+
+50
+00:04:27,540 --> 00:04:32,280
+بالأم أكثر لكن هذه ناحية معنوية أما دي فهي تعويض
+
+51
+00:04:32,280 --> 00:04:37,600
+عن خسارة مالية علشان هيك بدنا نشوف الحاجة للأسرة
+
+52
+00:04:38,640 --> 00:04:43,360
+التي تفقد المعيل والزوج والأب أكثر ولّا حين ما
+
+53
+00:04:43,360 --> 00:04:49,260
+تفقد المرأة أما الأولاد نقطة الثالثة فضله أما
+
+54
+00:04:49,260 --> 00:04:51,900
+الأولاد الذين ممكن أن يكونوا مهم وذلك الذين ممكن
+
+55
+00:04:51,900 --> 00:04:55,900
+أن يسيطروا بهم فقط لتحقيق معلومي وإنما تحقيق
+
+56
+00:04:55,900 --> 00:05:01,420
+معلومي وإنما تحقيقبارك الله فيك و أحسن إذا هنا
+
+57
+00:05:01,420 --> 00:05:05,880
+تقوم المقارنة و الحديث أنهم فقدوا المعيل هنا
+
+58
+00:05:05,880 --> 00:05:10,540
+بفقدان الزوج أو الراجل هنا فقدوا .. فقدوا بفقدان
+
+59
+00:05:10,540 --> 00:05:13,520
+المرأة ناحية معنوية فقط مش هي اللي بتصرف ولا بتنفق
+
+60
+00:05:13,520 --> 00:05:17,300
+ولا بتعمل علشان يقول ليش ما يترك نفس المال هنا و
+
+61
+00:05:17,300 --> 00:05:21,040
+نفس المال هنا ففي حال فقدان الزوج و المعيل باقي هو
+
+62
+00:05:21,040 --> 00:05:23,200
+اللي بينفق مافقدناش ناحية مالية علشان يقول بدنا
+
+63
+00:05:23,200 --> 00:05:31,610
+نعوض نفس التعاون أربعةنقطة الرابعة في الرد عليهم،
+
+64
+00:05:31,610 --> 00:05:35,010
+هذه نقطة حسابية و احنا خلّينا نترك المجال فيها
+
+65
+00:05:35,010 --> 00:05:39,810
+للشرح والحديث، بيقول المرأة قد تأخذ من تاريكة
+
+66
+00:05:39,810 --> 00:05:46,650
+زوجها المقتول، خطأ طبعا الحديث في الديا، في القتل
+
+67
+00:05:46,650 --> 00:05:53,790
+الخطأكما يأخذ الراجل من تركة زوجته المقتولة خطأ في
+
+68
+00:05:53,790 --> 00:05:58,750
+حالة بيتساوى فيها مش الديا نفسها، الديا المصر، لكن
+
+69
+00:05:58,750 --> 00:06:04,680
+كانتش بيطلع الزوج من جراءال .. ال .. كنصيب من
+
+70
+00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:09,020
+الميراث من دية المرأة حينما .. يعني تطلع دية
+
+71
+00:06:09,020 --> 00:06:12,880
+المرأة و قدش بتاخد المرأة من دي .. من .. من
+
+72
+00:06:12,880 --> 00:06:17,140
+الميراث من دية الرجل حينما تُعطى إليها باللاجئ
+
+73
+00:06:17,140 --> 00:06:21,960
+متساوي و هنا تكمن الحكمة و يكمن العدل و لا يمكن
+
+74
+00:06:21,960 --> 00:06:25,840
+فاهم ذلك إلا من خلال يعني الحسبة التالية فبقول
+
+75
+00:06:25,840 --> 00:06:30,510
+مثال لو كانت ديات زيدزيد من الناس يعني مثال
+
+76
+00:06:30,510 --> 00:06:37,430
+المقتول خطأً أربعين ألف دينار أربعين ألف خلّاه في
+
+77
+00:06:37,430 --> 00:06:44,470
+الأربعين و خلاص أربعين ألف دينار و ترك وراقه ولد و
+
+78
+00:06:44,470 --> 00:06:50,370
+زوجة مات رجل و ترك زوجة وولد كام تأخذ المرأة نصيبا
+
+79
+00:06:50,370 --> 00:06:56,610
+من الميراث فزوجته ترف حسبه التوزيع الشرعية ثمن
+
+80
+00:06:57,890 --> 00:07:02,490
+الميراد وقبل أن نجري هذه المسألة الحسابية هذه
+
+81
+00:07:02,490 --> 00:07:06,570
+المسألة منصوص عليها في قوله تعالى ولكم يعني يا
+
+82
+00:07:06,570 --> 00:07:13,810
+أزواج نصف ما ترك أزواجكم إن لم يكن لهن ولد إذا
+
+83
+00:07:13,810 --> 00:07:18,410
+مات�� المرأة ومالهاش ولد سواء من الرجل أو من غيره
+
+84
+00:07:18,410 --> 00:07:24,290
+كانت زوجها من قبل فكم نصيب الرجل النصفولكم الربع
+
+85
+00:07:24,290 --> 00:07:27,950
+مما تركنا إن كان لهنا ولد
+
+86
+00:07:40,800 --> 00:07:46,180
+نصيب المرأة من ميراث الراجل ..ولهن الربع مما تركتم
+
+87
+00:07:46,180 --> 00:07:49,760
+إن لم يكن لكم ولد ..إذا مافي ولد بياخدوا الربع
+
+88
+00:07:49,760 --> 00:07:54,980
+..الزوج بياخد النصف إذا مافي ..فإن كان لكم ولد
+
+89
+00:07:54,980 --> 00:08:01,040
+فلهن الثمنه ..والمسألة فيها مين؟ فيها ولد فلهن
+
+90
+00:08:01,040 --> 00:08:05,600
+الثمن ..قداش التمن من الاربعين ألف الدنيا؟هنا على
+
+91
+00:08:05,600 --> 00:08:11,700
+اربعة واحد و هنا على اربعة اربعين عفوا على خمسة
+
+92
+00:08:11,700 --> 00:08:16,740
+على على تمانية خمسة على تمانية واحد وبالتالي بيطلع
+
+93
+00:08:16,740 --> 00:08:21,840
+خمس آلاف خمس آلاف اربعين على خمسة اربعين على
+
+94
+00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:25,620
+تمانية خمسة القسم على تمانية و هنا واحد بيطلع خمس
+
+95
+00:08:25,620 --> 00:08:32,080
+آلاف دينا طب لمانفس المسألة و لو كانت ديات فاطمة
+
+96
+00:08:32,080 --> 00:08:35,300
+هنا المثال على زيد هنا المثال على فاطمة المقتولة
+
+97
+00:08:35,300 --> 00:08:40,740
+خطأا نصف الراجل لأنه قلنا ديات المرأة نصف الراجل
+
+98
+00:08:40,740 --> 00:08:44,580
+هو أخد قد ياش اربعين اذا قد ياش المص عشرين عشرين
+
+99
+00:08:44,580 --> 00:08:50,920
+يا حتاف طيب قد ياش بتاخد او بياخد الراجلوتركت
+
+100
+00:08:50,920 --> 00:08:56,380
+وراها ولد فزوجها يرث الربع ولكم الربع من ما تركنا
+
+101
+00:08:56,380 --> 00:09:03,140
+إن كان لهنا ولد كداش ربع العشرين على اربع واحد على
+
+102
+00:09:03,140 --> 00:09:12,120
+اربع خمسة اذا اخدت هي من او اخدت نصيبها من ميراث
+
+103
+00:09:12,120 --> 00:09:16,320
+زوجها المقتول خطأ من الدي اللي اندفعت من الاربعين
+
+104
+00:09:17,970 --> 00:09:25,150
+أخذت خمس ألاف وهو نصيب الرجل أو الزوج من العشرين
+
+105
+00:09:25,150 --> 00:09:29,530
+اللي هو نص الديا من العشرين نص الديا الرجل أخذ
+
+106
+00:09:29,530 --> 00:09:33,510
+برضه هو خمس وكأن ربنا ينظر أو الحكمة والعلم عند
+
+107
+00:09:33,510 --> 00:09:37,630
+الله ان في العاقبة في عاقبة هذا المال اللي سيُعطى
+
+108
+00:09:37,630 --> 00:09:41,530
+سيكون الرجل أو المرأة تأخذ نفس نصيب الرجل وهذا لا
+
+109
+00:09:41,530 --> 00:09:47,560
+يمكن أن تخطر على بال البشرهذا كلام الله وهذه
+
+110
+00:09:47,560 --> 00:09:51,840
+الأحكام من الله فريضة من الله في التعقيب على آيات
+
+111
+00:09:51,840 --> 00:09:55,480
+الميراث ربنا في الآخر قال فريضة من الله يعني اللي
+
+112
+00:09:55,480 --> 00:09:58,800
+فرض هذه الأنصب أو فرض هذه الفرائض حتى سمي هذا
+
+113
+00:09:58,800 --> 00:10:02,560
+العلم علم الميراث بعلم الفرائض أو علم الفروض لأن
+
+114
+00:10:02,560 --> 00:10:08,080
+ربنا فرضه بنفسه وحدده بنفسهللذكري مثل حظ الأنثيان
+
+115
+00:10:08,080 --> 00:10:11,280
+و لكم نصف ما ترك أزواجكم و لهم الربع و لكم .. إذا
+
+116
+00:10:11,280 --> 00:10:14,760
+كل هذه الأنصاب .. الأنصبة اللي حددها الله سبحانه
+
+117
+00:10:14,760 --> 00:10:19,160
+وتعالى فالحكيم الخبير الحكم العدل لما بيقرر هذه
+
+118
+00:10:19,160 --> 00:10:23,980
+نصف هذه ربع تكون في توازن و ميزان و عدل و حكمة قد
+
+119
+00:10:23,980 --> 00:10:30,060
+نعلمها و قد لا نعلمها أحيانا ففي ذلك العدل الكامل
+
+120
+00:10:30,060 --> 00:10:36,810
+هذه يعني في خصوص مسألةD المسألة الثانية أما
+
+121
+00:10:36,810 --> 00:10:42,970
+المسألة الثالثة التي يزعم أعداء الإسلام أن الإسلام
+
+122
+00:10:42,970 --> 00:10:46,650
+قد ظلم المرأة فيها وانتقص حقها ولم يعطيها حقها
+
+123
+00:10:46,650 --> 00:10:52,150
+كاملا فهي قضية القوامة لماذا تكون القوامة للرجل؟
+
+124
+00:10:52,150 --> 00:10:55,650
+��ماذا لا تكون للمرأة مثلا أو للإثنين معاه؟ يعني
+
+125
+00:10:55,650 --> 00:10:59,890
+هنا في عندنا نحن أمام تلت احتمالات أو افتراضات ليش
+
+126
+00:10:59,890 --> 00:11:05,260
+يعني يا مسلمين الحكم دائما للرجل الرجل الرجلطيب في
+
+127
+00:11:05,260 --> 00:11:08,160
+هذه الافتراضات التلاتة لو بدنا نفترضها و نشوف
+
+128
+00:11:08,160 --> 00:11:14,640
+الحكمة او نشوف مين الأصلح في حكم الأسرة في هذه
+
+129
+00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:18,220
+التلاتة افتراضات او الاحتمالات حينما تكون القوامة
+
+130
+00:11:18,220 --> 00:11:22,220
+للإثنين معاً لإثنين يحكموا بنفس المستوى ولا لما
+
+131
+00:11:22,220 --> 00:11:26,100
+تكون للمرأة وحدها على الرجل ولا لما يكون للرجل على
+
+132
+00:11:26,100 --> 00:11:32,500
+المرأة ونناقش ذلك وأول احتمال كون هذه القوامة
+
+133
+00:11:32,500 --> 00:11:38,170
+للإثنين معاًماذا سيحصل لو كانت القوامة في البيت
+
+134
+00:11:38,170 --> 00:11:42,310
+للرجل والمرء؟ حكم والكلمة الأخيرة والحسم والكذا
+
+135
+00:11:42,310 --> 00:11:46,170
+والكذا كلها الأثنان معنى، الأثنان معنى، أنا بدي
+
+136
+00:11:46,170 --> 00:11:49,250
+كذا، لا أنا بدي كذا، و لازم يمشي أمر الأثنين، لأن
+
+137
+00:11:49,250 --> 00:11:52,830
+كل في مستوى واحد، لازم كل الأثنين، مع أنه في وقت
+
+138
+00:11:52,830 --> 00:11:58,720
+واحد، كيف سيكون حال الأسرة؟ اتفضليأن نكون رئيسين
+
+139
+00:11:58,720 --> 00:12:03,000
+للعمل هذا تباهى الطبيعة و الخطرة و السنة فذلك يسبب
+
+140
+00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:06,000
+وجود رئيسين في العمل يسبب الفساد و التخبط و
+
+141
+00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:09,560
+الاضطراب فذلك اللي قوله تعالى اللي كان فيهما ألهة
+
+142
+00:12:09,560 --> 00:12:16,480
+الله تنقل الله لك مين هم فيهما السماوات والأرض نعم
+
+143
+00:12:26,830 --> 00:12:33,730
+بارك الله فيكي وأحسنتي جدا في هذا الجواب المجمل
+
+144
+00:12:33,730 --> 00:12:41,300
+للرد على منيفترض أو يطالب أن تكون القوامة للإثنين
+
+145
+00:12:41,300 --> 00:12:45,840
+معاهم كيف سيكون حال الأسرة الأثنين بتحكموا فيها زي
+
+146
+00:12:45,840 --> 00:12:50,420
+أي عمل فيه رئيسين مديرين راسين هل ممكن يستقيم هذا
+
+147
+00:12:50,420 --> 00:12:53,640
+العمل كل شوية أنا بدي كده تقول لا أنا بدي كده انا
+
+148
+00:12:53,640 --> 00:12:58,820
+اريد لا انا اريد كده طب إذا كان الخلق والسموات
+
+149
+00:12:58,820 --> 00:13:04,490
+والأرض هذا الخلق الكبير اللي يحتاجاللي يحتاج جهد
+
+150
+00:13:04,490 --> 00:13:10,170
+كبير كافتراب منه كبشر وعمل كبير وكذا له إله واحد،
+
+151
+00:13:10,170 --> 00:13:13,250
+له رب واحد هو طبعا ليس بحاجة لجهد و لا كذا إنما
+
+152
+00:13:13,250 --> 00:13:16,930
+أمره إذا أراد شيئا أن يقول لو كون فيكون فهذا لو بد
+
+153
+00:13:16,930 --> 00:13:22,270
+يكون للأمر الكبير شيء لكان أوي لكنه لم يكن له إلا
+
+154
+00:13:22,270 --> 00:13:26,050
+إله لأنه لو كان في إله تاني لو كان فيه مآلهة إلا
+
+155
+00:13:26,050 --> 00:13:31,110
+الله مش هتصبح مش هتنفع مش هتستقيم مش هتتنظمالحياة
+
+156
+00:13:31,110 --> 00:13:36,470
+والكون لا فسدتها ولا ذهب كل إله بما خلق كان فكوا
+
+157
+00:13:36,470 --> 00:13:39,570
+الشركة وقالوا أنا بدي هذا الخلق اللي خلقته وهذا
+
+158
+00:13:39,570 --> 00:13:43,490
+أنا بدي الخلق اللي خلقته وكان ماتوفقوش أو ماتفقوش
+
+159
+00:13:43,490 --> 00:13:47,770
+مع بعض ولا ذهب كل إله بما خلق ولا على بعضهم على
+
+160
+00:13:47,770 --> 00:13:50,750
+بعض لصار كل واحد في يوم يفكر من يكون الإله الأعلى
+
+161
+00:13:50,750 --> 00:13:54,870
+اللي يحكم انا فعش اتنين ومستوى واحد انا بدي هيك لأ
+
+162
+00:13:54,870 --> 00:13:58,160
+انا بدي هيك طب انا بدي اعمل لأ انا بديش اعملفبصيرش
+
+163
+00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:02,840
+في كون عظيم ضخم كبير فما بقالنا بأسرة صغيرة على
+
+164
+00:14:02,840 --> 00:14:07,180
+مستوى محدو�� لما يكونوا اتنين إذا في المطبخ بقوله
+
+165
+00:14:07,180 --> 00:14:11,320
+في المثل الطبخة إذا بتكتر طبخينا يا أستاذ وسامة
+
+166
+00:14:11,320 --> 00:14:16,790
+إيش بيصير فيها؟على طول .. اه علشان هيك احنا بننصح
+
+167
+00:14:16,790 --> 00:14:22,130
+الأزواج مايدخلوش المطابق أثناء المرأة ما بتطبخ
+
+168
+00:14:22,130 --> 00:14:25,830
+وهذا حلو وهذا مالح ويا ماله اكلش محططيش ومساوتيش
+
+169
+00:14:25,830 --> 00:14:31,450
+لإن المرأة كما أعلم وتعلمون جميعا تكره التدخل في
+
+170
+00:14:31,450 --> 00:14:35,470
+الطبيخ بالذات يعني ماحدش يخشلها ويقولها إيش عايز
+
+171
+00:14:35,470 --> 00:14:43,850
+تساعدها معلش .. يشري معاها .. يشري معاها ..أه
+
+172
+00:14:43,850 --> 00:14:47,410
+فالمساعدة مطلوبة و كويس و في في الآخر تعقيد طبعا
+
+173
+00:14:47,410 --> 00:14:50,330
+لا يعني ذلك أن تكون القوامة للرجل يعني الاستبداد و
+
+174
+00:14:50,330 --> 00:14:53,350
+التحكم و كده لأ لابد أن يكون لها رأي و ياخذ برأيها
+
+175
+00:14:53,350 --> 00:14:57,150
+لكن ليس معناه القوامة للإثنين معانو في وقت واحد زي
+
+176
+00:14:57,150 --> 00:15:01,810
+ما هو بده برضه زي ما هي بده و يعني تفرض عليه
+
+177
+00:15:01,810 --> 00:15:05,610
+الأمور فرض لابد أن يكون قائد واحد رئيس واحد يعني
+
+178
+00:15:05,610 --> 00:15:11,680
+لهذا لهذه المؤسسة يعني الأسرة عبارة عن مؤسسةكأي
+
+179
+00:15:11,680 --> 00:15:16,040
+مؤسسة لازم يكون فيها نظام و تنظيم و ترتيب و إدارة
+
+180
+00:15:16,040 --> 00:15:17,700
+و .. فاضية؟
+
+181
+00:15:20,680 --> 00:15:23,420
+لا يحكم بصراحة و احنا الكلام .. الآن الكلام مفتوح
+
+182
+00:15:23,420 --> 00:15:28,180
+يعني بصراحة و التعبير عن الرأي فيه هل تصلح الأسرة
+
+183
+00:15:28,180 --> 00:15:31,680
+إذا كانت المرأة هي القوامة على الرجل و هي القائدة
+
+184
+00:15:31,680 --> 00:15:37,140
+له و هي المسيرة له و كده كيف ستكون؟ بنا نسمع ضيف
+
+185
+00:15:37,140 --> 00:15:40,140
+عزيز معنا بنا نشاركه معانا في ال .. هناك بعض
+
+186
+00:15:40,140 --> 00:15:45,500
+المفسرين تتكلموا عن موضوع القوانة القوانة هي
+
+187
+00:15:45,500 --> 00:15:53,200
+الجنازة للرجل عن بعض حق و ذنبهذه واحدة، والقائم هو
+
+188
+00:15:53,200 --> 00:15:59,520
+الخادم، والقائم هو المعيد، والقائم هو الذي يحتضن
+
+189
+00:15:59,520 --> 00:16:05,380
+بتطحية وبذنع عقاب، وليست القوانة في التصمم
+
+190
+00:16:05,380 --> 00:16:09,440
+والتجبر،
+
+191
+00:16:09,440 --> 00:16:14,160
+وأن تكون الكلمة النهائية له في كل شيء
+
+192
+00:16:31,430 --> 00:16:35,810
+بارك الله فيك ونشكرك على هذه المشاركة وعلى هذه
+
+193
+00:16:35,810 --> 00:16:38,250
+المداخلة الطيبة طيب ما نسمع من الأخوات احنا
+
+194
+00:16:38,250 --> 00:16:42,100
+ماسمعنا .. ماسمعناش الأخوة اتفضللأن المرأة أن هذه
+
+195
+00:16:42,100 --> 00:16:45,940
+الانفعالات و أن الانفعالات هتغضب عليها، لكن هذه
+
+196
+00:16:45,940 --> 00:16:49,500
+المسألة هتتطلب غلبة الفكر على العواطف و ضبط
+
+197
+00:16:49,500 --> 00:16:53,190
+الانفعالات و ضبط الأعصاب، فهي لا تصلح لهتقدروش
+
+198
+00:16:53,190 --> 00:16:57,070
+تضبطوا عصابكوا يعني كتير انتوا؟ اه هي هذه المسألة
+
+199
+00:16:57,070 --> 00:17:02,790
+يا أخوات نسبية وفي حكم الغالب فحكم الغالب الأعام
+
+200
+00:17:02,790 --> 00:17:07,190
+كما خلق الله الناس اللي يعلم من خلقه وهو اللطيف
+
+201
+00:17:07,190 --> 00:17:11,790
+الخبير فالله اللطيف الخبير بعباده العليم الخبير
+
+202
+00:17:11,790 --> 00:17:17,210
+بهم يعلم من خلق أن الرجل يعني فيه غلبة الفكر
+
+203
+00:17:17,210 --> 00:17:22,900
+والتفكر والتعقل والتروي وضبط الأعصاب أكثرنسبيا
+
+204
+00:17:22,900 --> 00:17:26,980
+قلنا الحكاية من المرأة التي يغلب عندها وعليها
+
+205
+00:17:26,980 --> 00:17:32,100
+العاطفة والتصرع وعدم تقدير النتائج مش دائما احنا
+
+206
+00:17:32,100 --> 00:17:35,740
+بقول غالبا وفي الأعم الأغلب والاحكام حينما تبنى
+
+207
+00:17:35,740 --> 00:17:40,760
+تبنى على الأعم الأغلب مش على الشيء الدائم قد نجد
+
+208
+00:17:40,760 --> 00:17:45,160
+في الرجال العكس قد نجد لكن قدش نسبتهم أقل قد نجد
+
+209
+00:17:45,160 --> 00:17:49,860
+في النساء العكسولكن نسبتهم بتكون أقل فلما تبنى
+
+210
+00:17:49,860 --> 00:17:52,600
+الحكام الشرعية لا تبنى على الأقل وعلى بعض الناس
+
+211
+00:17:52,600 --> 00:17:56,500
+وعلى .. لأ فتبنى على الأعام الأغلب وبيصير الأشياء
+
+212
+00:17:56,500 --> 00:17:59,760
+التانية مالها يعني في القواعد بيسموها شواد لكن
+
+213
+00:17:59,760 --> 00:18:03,300
+احنا ماعناش نقول شواد، نوادر، نادر يعني أو قليل،
+
+214
+00:18:03,300 --> 00:18:06,920
+بيصير قليلة ونادرة لكن الحكام مبنية على الأعام
+
+215
+00:18:06,920 --> 00:18:11,500
+الأغلب بتركلك فرصة بس دقيقتين .. دقيقة .. كنت
+
+216
+00:18:11,500 --> 00:18:16,180
+بتحكي؟ رفع أصبع، اتفضل احنا داخل ال ..الإنسان طبعا
+
+217
+00:18:16,180 --> 00:18:19,480
+عارف أن الشابة جاب ليها ربها لو بيقولك إن هو بجال
+
+218
+00:18:19,480 --> 00:18:22,700
+قوامه على النساء، لازم احنا نسلم حاجة، بشكل يعني
+
+219
+00:18:22,700 --> 00:18:26,510
+تلقائيطب قبل ما تتكلمي عشان احنا خلصنا النقطة هذه
+
+220
+00:18:26,510 --> 00:18:30,170
+اذا احنا بننتقل الرجل هو صاحب القوامة والسيادة في
+
+221
+00:18:30,170 --> 00:18:33,390
+الأسرة عشان ما نكرش الكلام والاخت مادام بدأت حديثة
+
+222
+00:18:33,390 --> 00:18:38,650
+اذا الرجال قوامون على النساء بماذا؟ بما فضل الله
+
+223
+00:18:38,650 --> 00:18:44,690
+بعضهم على بعض مش بالتفضيل انهم أفضل لأ بما خصه ان
+
+224
+00:18:44,690 --> 00:18:48,890
+التفضيل بمعنى التخصيص نخص بعضهم على بعض بخصائص
+
+225
+00:18:48,890 --> 00:18:54,970
+ومميزات بدنا نسمع وبما أنفقوا من أموالهفي ميار
+
+226
+00:18:54,970 --> 00:18:59,590
+القوامة، التخصيص، تخصيص الرجل بواعض الخصائص،
+
+227
+00:18:59,590 --> 00:19:02,730
+والانفاق، تفضّل الآن، مدام تحكي في هذا المجال
+
+228
+00:19:02,730 --> 00:19:05,430
+الاشخاص اللي هم الصلبيين اللي بيحاولوا مشاوم فكرة
+
+229
+00:19:05,430 --> 00:19:08,910
+الإسلام، لما هم يقولوا إنها مرأة مظلومة في كل شيء،
+
+230
+00:19:08,910 --> 00:19:11,610
+يظهروا المرأة اللي هي المرأة الأمريكية أو المرأة
+
+231
+00:19:11,610 --> 00:19:14,350
+الأجنبية في نظامهم، مثلًا الإسلام اعتماد قال
+
+232
+00:19:14,350 --> 00:19:17,970
+المرأة هي نسبة الرجل، وهم يقولون إن المرأة هي كل
+
+233
+00:19:17,970 --> 00:19:21,340
+مثلها مثل الرجللرقم المثال البسيط مثلا لو ذهبت
+
+234
+00:19:21,340 --> 00:19:24,320
+إبرا و زوجها إلى مطعم أمريكية و أمريكية مثلا على
+
+235
+00:19:24,320 --> 00:19:27,380
+سبيل المثال و ذهبوا إلى مطعم أمريكية ليتجاوزوا
+
+236
+00:19:27,380 --> 00:19:31,160
+أشياء و هو يدفع عن ما أكله و هي تدفع عن ما أكلها
+
+237
+00:19:33,570 --> 00:19:38,110
+أنا اتفرج من خلال .. ليه؟ أنا صديقة ألمانية، ليه
+
+238
+00:19:38,110 --> 00:19:40,970
+القرون؟ ليها الضرورة، لأن أنت مسئولة عن كل شيء في
+
+239
+00:19:40,970 --> 00:19:44,730
+أمور حياتك، عندما تذهب يا زوجتي هي تدفع عن نفسها و
+
+240
+00:19:44,730 --> 00:19:48,170
+أبوها يدفع عن نفسها، لكن أنت كمسلماتك و أنا يا
+
+241
+00:19:48,170 --> 00:19:51,390
+جماعة عندها بنحكي .. اسمع الكل عامة يا عزيزي يا
+
+242
+00:19:51,390 --> 00:19:52,010
+أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ
+
+243
+00:19:52,010 --> 00:19:52,530
+أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ
+
+244
+00:19:52,530 --> 00:19:53,330
+أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ
+
+245
+00:19:53,330 --> 00:19:58,350
+أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ أستاذ
+
+246
+00:19:58,350 --> 00:20:00,590
+أ
+
+247
+00:20:01,620 --> 00:20:04,900
+يعني أنا حابة إذا كان في الأخوة من العرب بيحضر على
+
+248
+00:20:04,900 --> 00:20:08,000
+الموقع الجامعة الإسلامية يعرفوا هذا الكلام، إحنا
+
+249
+00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:10,860
+كمسلمين حقك مكفون في كل شيء، لو بديت تشتغلي
+
+250
+00:20:10,860 --> 00:20:14,360
+الجدار، زوجك مسئولة عندك، أمك مسئولة، حتى من هو
+
+251
+00:20:14,360 --> 00:20:17,400
+الرعي أو المطلق، حتى لو كنت بديت تشتغلي من حق
+
+252
+00:20:17,400 --> 00:20:20,140
+زوجك، ان هو من حق اللي قلتي على زوجك يعطيكي، لكن
+
+253
+00:20:20,140 --> 00:20:23,760
+عند القرأة الأمريكية أو المرأة اللي هي من الأجنبية
+
+254
+00:20:23,760 --> 00:20:26,580
+الغربية، هم المسئولين، هم المسئولين عن نفسي يعني
+
+255
+00:20:26,740 --> 00:20:30,740
+نحن يا صلبيين، نحن يا فرنجة، نحن يا جارب، نحن يا
+
+256
+00:20:30,740 --> 00:20:34,860
+كل إنسان يتكلم عن الإسلام ويتطور عنه بأي كلمة،
+
+257
+00:20:34,860 --> 00:20:38,420
+انظروا إلى أنفسكم قبل أن تنظروا إلينا، نحن كنساء،
+
+258
+00:20:38,420 --> 00:20:41,300
+الله سبحانه وتعالى كرمنا، كرمنا بكل شيء، ونحن نرضى
+
+259
+00:20:41,300 --> 00:20:45,840
+ما قسمه الله لنا، وإذا كان هناك بعض، بعض من يدرون
+
+260
+00:20:45,840 --> 00:20:49,080
+إلى تحرير المرأة، ومن يقولون نحن مظلمين، نحن نفسنا
+
+261
+00:20:49,080 --> 00:20:53,580
+مظلمين، الله سبحانه وتعالى كرمنا وقد كرمنابرك الله
+
+262
+00:20:53,580 --> 00:20:58,260
+فيكي و أحسنتي وهذه رسالة للعالم الغربي والأجنبي
+
+263
+00:20:58,260 --> 00:21:04,700
+عبر الموقع الألكتروني ومركز التمييز من الجامعة
+
+264
+00:21:04,700 --> 00:21:09,520
+الإسلاميةهذه الرسالة واضحة طيب خلينا نرجع مرة أخرى
+
+265
+00:21:09,520 --> 00:21:13,140
+و نناقش موضوع القوامة و نوضحها بشيء من التفصيل
+
+266
+00:21:13,140 --> 00:21:21,880
+أكثر لماذا القوامة للرجل و ما هي المبررات الشرعية
+
+267
+00:21:21,880 --> 00:21:26,760
+ليه جعل الرجل صاحب القوامة هذه المبررات واضحة وين؟
+
+268
+00:21:26,760 --> 00:21:30,760
+في الآية التي ذكرناها قبل قليل الرجال قوامون على
+
+269
+00:21:30,760 --> 00:21:36,150
+النساء بماذا يا رب بماإذا هنا البالي السبب يعني
+
+270
+00:21:36,150 --> 00:21:42,470
+بما بسبب بما فضل الله بعضهم على بعض وبما أنفقوا
+
+271
+00:21:42,470 --> 00:21:47,770
+والتفضيل مرة أخرى هو التخصيص تلك الرسل فضلنا بعضهم
+
+272
+00:21:47,770 --> 00:21:52,490
+على بعض مش يعني في رسل أحسن من رسل عند الله لأ
+
+273
+00:21:52,490 --> 00:21:58,500
+فضلنا يعني ميزناهم بميزاتلم نعطيها لغيره ميز الله
+
+274
+00:21:58,500 --> 00:22:01,800
+النبي فلان بأن جعله كلمة الله موسى عليه السلام
+
+275
+00:22:01,800 --> 00:22:05,360
+وعيسى كلمته هو محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم حبيبه
+
+276
+00:22:05,360 --> 00:22:10,040
+وإبراهيم خاليله وبعض المميزات وخاص بعض الأنبياء
+
+277
+00:22:10,040 --> 00:22:13,780
+ليس معناها فلان أحسن من فلان أو النبي فلان أحسن من
+
+278
+00:22:13,780 --> 00:22:17,900
+النبي فلان وبما أنفق لأنه صاحب النفقة وعليه
+
+279
+00:22:17,900 --> 00:22:22,500
+الإنفاق فلبد أن تكون له القوام وهذا أمر طبيعي مدام
+
+280
+00:22:22,500 --> 00:22:30,150
+احنا كلفنا بمهامومالية منها يعني أنه يريد من حقه
+
+281
+00:22:30,150 --> 00:22:38,230
+القوامة وتسيير أعمال البيت بإضافة أو توضيح الخصائص
+
+282
+00:22:38,230 --> 00:22:42,290
+اللي ميز الله بها الرجال على النساء كما قلنا بطق
+
+283
+00:22:42,290 --> 00:22:47,090
+الانفعال والتحكم بالأعصاب والترويوالتفكير في
+
+284
+00:22:47,090 --> 00:22:50,390
+العاقبة انا الان لو بد مثلا اطلق وحيجي الكلام في
+
+285
+00:22:50,390 --> 00:22:53,290
+.. في .. في .. في موضوع الطلاق طب لو بدأ اطلق من
+
+286
+00:22:53,290 --> 00:22:57,350
+ان انا بدأ اتحمل مسئولية نفقة و بعد كده زوجة تانية
+
+287
+00:22:57,350 --> 00:23:01,170
+و بعد هي مهر جديد و بعد .. فبيترقى لإنه مكلف لإنه
+
+288
+00:23:01,170 --> 00:23:04,670
+بدي يدفع لإنه حيخسر لإنه كده المرأة مش فارقة كتير
+
+289
+00:23:04,670 --> 00:23:09,230
+عندها يعني اهفلو تُعطى هذه الصلاحية فممكن بأي
+
+290
+00:23:09,230 --> 00:23:13,690
+سهولة عند أي زعلة عند أي touch عند أي كذا ممكن
+
+291
+00:23:13,690 --> 00:23:17,490
+كلمة لأن هم مش .. يعني مش مقدرة هذه العواقب ومش
+
+292
+00:23:17,490 --> 00:23:21,270
+هتخسر يعني كلمة وانجلت وطلعت وما أسهل كلمة حين ما
+
+293
+00:23:21,270 --> 00:23:25,090
+تخرج لكن هو دايما مائة ألف حساب قبل أن تخرج منه
+
+294
+00:23:25,090 --> 00:23:26,710
+هذه الكلمة
+
+295
+00:23:28,660 --> 00:23:33,620
+وفي تدبير المنزل وأمور التفصيلية الأخرى ولا يعني
+
+296
+00:23:33,620 --> 00:23:37,540
+ذلك في النهاية كما تفضل أستاذنا والأخ وسامة في
+
+297
+00:23:37,540 --> 00:23:43,260
+مشاركته أن الاستبداد والتحكم بل لابد من التشاور
+
+298
+00:23:43,260 --> 00:23:46,360
+وأخذ رأيها في كثير من الموضوع لكن حسم الموضوع
+
+299
+00:23:46,730 --> 00:23:50,390
+والأمر يرجع إليه، مش مانعه كل حاجة هو بيده ومتفكير
+
+300
+00:23:50,390 --> 00:23:53,830
+ومايسمعش إليها ومايدهاش حقها في التعبير عن رأيه،
+
+301
+00:23:53,830 --> 00:23:57,570
+لأ ياخد رأيه ويستمع إليه وقد يكون رأيها في كثير من
+
+302
+00:23:57,570 --> 00:24:00,690
+الأحيان أفضل من رأيه، فيأخذ بهذا الرأي، يعني نوع
+
+303
+00:24:00,690 --> 00:24:04,230
+من التشاور وهذا ما كان يفعله النبي صلى الله عليه
+
+304
+00:24:04,230 --> 00:24:08,250
+وسلم أوصى بالنساء، استوصوا بالنساء خيرا، وكان
+
+305
+00:24:08,250 --> 00:24:16,490
+يشاور يعني زوجات وليسما يُشاع من حديث هو موضوع في
+
+306
+00:24:16,490 --> 00:24:23,390
+أصله صحيح، ليس صحيحاً هذا الحديث شاوروهن وخالفوهن،
+
+307
+00:24:23,390 --> 00:24:27,610
+هذا طعن، يعني في أحكام الإسلام، كيف لرسول الإسلام
+
+308
+00:24:27,610 --> 00:24:31,500
+صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول شاوروهن وخالفوهن؟قالتلك
+
+309
+00:24:31,500 --> 00:24:34,400
+مرضك يامين وانت روح شمال وما تردش عليها او روح
+
+310
+00:24:34,400 --> 00:24:37,640
+يامين وانت روح خالفة هلها كذا يقول الرسول عليه
+
+311
+00:24:37,640 --> 00:24:40,780
+الصلاة والسلام ويقول ما لا يفعل حاشا إذا هو بيقول
+
+312
+00:24:40,780 --> 00:24:44,720
+أشاورهن وخانفهن وهو بيشاور زوجاته وبياخده بقراءة
+
+313
+00:24:44,720 --> 00:24:48,760
+كيف يقول لنا يعني عكس ما يفعل لا يمكن للنبي عليه
+
+314
+00:24:48,760 --> 00:24:51,340
+الصلاة والسلام أن يقول مثل هذا الكلام وهذا الكلام
+
+315
+00:24:51,340 --> 00:24:56,320
+في ميزان الحديث هو حديث موضوع يعني لم يقوله النبي
+
+316
+00:24:56,320 --> 00:25:03,220
+عليه الصلاة والسلامطب رابع هذه القضايا بعد الميراث
+
+317
+00:25:03,220 --> 00:25:09,940
+والديا والقوامة موضوع الطلاق أبعده الله عننا وعن
+
+318
+00:25:09,940 --> 00:25:17,340
+جميع المسلمين وإن كان أباحه الله تعالى إلا أنه
+
+319
+00:25:17,340 --> 00:25:21,760
+أبغضه أن أبغض الحلال عند الله الطلاق أباح أشياء
+
+320
+00:25:21,760 --> 00:25:26,800
+كثيرة لنا لكن مما أباحه الله تعالى لنا ويبغضه
+
+321
+00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:31,520
+الطلاقأباح لنا الطيبات والطعام والشراب وكذا وأباح
+
+322
+00:25:31,520 --> 00:25:35,560
+لنا جعل هناك مباح يعني يجوز للإنسان لم يحرم ولم
+
+323
+00:25:35,560 --> 00:25:38,920
+يمنع لكن لا يجوز على الإطلاق بل قال العلماء في
+
+324
+00:25:38,920 --> 00:25:44,580
+حكمي أنه مباح عند الحاجة مش مباح على الإطلاق يعني
+
+325
+00:25:44,580 --> 00:25:47,040
+الوقت اللي بده الواحد يروح يطلق مش هيك معناة مباح
+
+326
+00:25:47,040 --> 00:25:51,740
+ولا هو فرضولا هو سنة مؤكدة ولا مندوب إليه مختلف
+
+327
+00:25:51,740 --> 00:25:57,080
+مباهي يعني يجوز للإنسان أن يستخدمه ويستعمله عند
+
+328
+00:25:57,080 --> 00:26:01,380
+الحاجة وقال العلماء إذا لم يكن هناك حاجة وطلق
+
+329
+00:26:01,380 --> 00:26:07,460
+الإنسان زوجته بلا داعي ولا مبرر يأثم لأنه تجاوز في
+
+330
+00:26:07,460 --> 00:26:12,940
+استخدام ذأ الحق وظلم من المرأة في ذلك ولا يجوز له
+
+331
+00:26:12,940 --> 00:26:14,640
+أن يظلم المرأة
+
+332
+00:26:16,700 --> 00:26:22,300
+فزعم الغرب كعادتهم في موضوع الطلاق أن الإسلام يعني
+
+333
+00:26:22,300 --> 00:26:26,160
+ظلم المرأة في هذا وفي الطلاق تخريب للبيوت وتشريد
+
+334
+00:26:26,160 --> 00:26:30,300
+للأطفال وتفكك للأسرة وهضم لحقوق المرأة وغير ذلك
+
+335
+00:26:30,300 --> 00:26:34,060
+كيف نرد على هذا الزعم والاتعاق مع رددنا من قبل على
+
+336
+00:26:34,060 --> 00:26:38,260
+القضايا السابقة؟أول حاجة يُتهم دائما الإسلام
+
+337
+00:26:38,260 --> 00:26:42,220
+والإسلام دائما عند الغرب في قفص الاتهام إذا صار أي
+
+338
+00:26:42,220 --> 00:26:46,480
+حاجة في الدنيا الإسلام الإسلام الإرهاب الإسلام
+
+339
+00:26:46,480 --> 00:26:49,160
+التطرف الإسلام كأنه مافيش حاجة في الدنيا غير
+
+340
+00:26:49,160 --> 00:26:53,320
+الإسلام والمسلم يفعل ده الطلاق أو هذا الإسلام اللي
+
+341
+00:26:53,320 --> 00:26:57,720
+أتى بيه الإسلام في أول رد اللي أنا عليهم هل
+
+342
+00:26:57,720 --> 00:27:00,860
+الإسلام هو الذي جاء بالطلاق ودعا إلى الطلاق و ..
+
+343
+00:27:00,860 --> 00:27:04,460
+ولا مين؟ فضل يا أختي الطلاق كان معرفة قبل الإسلام
+
+344
+00:27:04,460 --> 00:27:10,930
+فجاء الإسلام بهذاسبق الإسلام أمم كثيرة كان عندها
+
+345
+00:27:10,930 --> 00:27:13,810
+الطلاق وكانوا معتدين على الطلاق واستعملوا الطلاق
+
+346
+00:27:13,810 --> 00:27:17,470
+وليس الإسلام أول من جاء بالطلاق وشرّع الطلاق لكن
+
+347
+00:27:17,470 --> 00:27:23,050
+الإسلام أبقى عليه كحكم موجود في الأمم السابقة ولكن
+
+348
+00:27:23,050 --> 00:27:27,910
+هذّب هذا الطلاق و أعطاه أحكام خاصة بهذا الذي أضافه
+
+349
+00:27:27,910 --> 00:27:31,370
+الإسلام على مهما لكن مبقى الطلاق موجود قبل الإسلام
+
+350
+00:27:31,370 --> 00:27:37,210
+موجود ليس أول من جاء به الإسلام اتنينكانت طلاق
+
+351
+00:27:37,210 --> 00:27:40,250
+مجموعة في الغرب وفقًا لتقاليد الكنيسة التي جعلت
+
+352
+00:27:40,250 --> 00:27:43,570
+الزواج مؤبدًا ولكن بعد ذلك عادت أوروبا وأمريكا
+
+353
+00:27:43,570 --> 00:27:47,730
+أخذت حل المشكلة فيها الأسرية وبلغت نسبة الطلاق في
+
+354
+00:27:47,730 --> 00:27:51,640
+أمريكا إلى حد كبيربارك الله فيك، وهذه نقطة جوهرية
+
+355
+00:27:51,640 --> 00:27:57,020
+ومهمة، لأن الطلاق في أوروبا و أمريكا و الغرب
+
+356
+00:27:57,020 --> 00:28:01,680
+والأجانب، الطلاق ممنوع، ممنوع يعني، لأن فيه إضرار
+
+357
+00:28:01,680 --> 00:28:05,420
+بالمرأة في كل الأحوال إلا في حدود ضيقة منصوصة
+
+358
+00:28:05,420 --> 00:28:10,260
+عندهم ومذكورة كحالة الزنايعني الحالة هذه او اذا
+
+359
+00:28:10,260 --> 00:28:14,620
+ثبت ان المرأة زوجت غير يعني يهودي او غير نصراني
+
+360
+00:28:14,620 --> 00:28:18,480
+فيحقلها في هذه الحالة اذا اتزوجت واحد من غير دينها
+
+361
+00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:22,480
+او الرجل يعني في حالة الزواج من غير صاحب او صاحبة
+
+362
+00:28:22,480 --> 00:28:28,000
+الدين وفي حدود ضيقة في هذه الحالةالإسلام سمح للرجل
+
+363
+00:28:28,000 --> 00:28:34,560
+المدام هناك يعني عدم انسجام في الحياة الزوجية في
+
+364
+00:28:34,560 --> 00:28:38,400
+هناك مشاكل في هناك صعوبات في هناك كذا من خلال
+
+365
+00:28:38,400 --> 00:28:43,280
+المعاشرة الزوجية فيمكن التخلص من ذلك باطلاق و أي
+
+366
+00:28:43,280 --> 00:28:48,160
+تفرقة يغني الله كله من ساعة ممكن هي تعيش حياة أفضل
+
+367
+00:28:48,160 --> 00:28:51,920
+مع زوج أخر ويعيش حياة أفضل مع زوجة أخرةإذا كانت
+
+368
+00:28:51,920 --> 00:28:57,780
+المشاكل مستعصية ومتكررة ويصعب معها العيش المستمر
+
+369
+00:28:59,750 --> 00:29:03,090
+الغرب كان عنده طلاق ممنوع ثم راجع إليه لأنه احتاجه
+
+370
+00:29:03,090 --> 00:29:05,790
+واضطر إليه وإلا بيصير فيه أزمات ومشاكل كثيرة في
+
+371
+00:29:05,790 --> 00:29:08,570
+كتير أزواج وبيوت ويظلهم عايشين مع بعض وكرهين لبعض
+
+372
+00:29:08,570 --> 00:29:12,010
+أي حياة هذه تكون جحيم انت بتكتم مع الطلاق عشان ما
+
+373
+00:29:12,010 --> 00:29:15,930
+تضرش في الطميقة فيها ضرر أكبر أن تتحمل المرأة يعني
+
+374
+00:29:15,930 --> 00:29:20,250
+ابقى هذا الرجل أو ظلمه أو العكس إذا كان يعني في حق
+
+375
+00:29:20,250 --> 00:29:23,030
+الرجل تلاتة
+
+376
+00:29:24,680 --> 00:29:28,420
+وقد أشارنا إلى هذه النقطة عميم للأخوات أنا مش شايف
+
+377
+00:29:28,420 --> 00:29:30,980
+اللتان تان تلاتة اللي بيشاركوا معانا والباقي أخوات
+
+378
+00:29:30,980 --> 00:29:40,960
+.. اه مين هنا من الأخوات اللي في الوسط؟ فتل بل
+
+379
+00:29:40,960 --> 00:29:47,760
+جعله ايه؟ فتلمش رخصة يعني إذا احتاجة إليها الإنسان
+
+380
+00:29:47,760 --> 00:29:51,560
+استخدمها وليس هو إيه أه والله كويس الواحد يطلق لم
+
+381
+00:29:51,560 --> 00:29:55,240
+يدعو إليه ولم يندب إليه ولا قال هو سنة مؤكدة
+
+382
+00:29:55,240 --> 00:29:59,000
+بياخدوا الواحد أجر له طلاق كأي عمل صالح أو .. لأ
+
+383
+00:29:59,000 --> 00:30:03,220
+إن أبغض الحلال عند الله الطلاق يعني أنت ما تستخدمه
+
+384
+00:30:03,220 --> 00:30:07,620
+يعني أنه شيء جيد في حياتك بل أنت تستخدمه للضرورة
+
+385
+00:30:07,620 --> 00:30:14,200
+للحاجة للحاجة الملحة والضرورة القصبةوليس فرضًا
+
+386
+00:30:14,200 --> 00:30:19,280
+وليس واجبًا حتى يتهم الإسلام بأن يظلم المرأة بهذا
+
+387
+00:30:19,280 --> 00:30:24,440
+الحكم أيضًا في قضية الطلاق، الطلاق لا يحدث في يوم
+
+388
+00:30:24,440 --> 00:30:26,360
+وليلة أو بكلمة واحدة وإنما
+
+389
+00:30:44,050 --> 00:30:48,570
+بارك الله فيك و أحسنهي النقطة كلنا ممكن نقرأ الآية
+
+390
+00:30:48,570 --> 00:30:52,930
+المذكورة هان الطلاق مرتان إذا في فرصتين مع الإنسان
+
+391
+00:30:52,930 --> 00:30:57,710
+مش فرصة واحدة معاها فرصتين للطلاق ممكن بعدهما أن
+
+392
+00:30:57,710 --> 00:31:01,650
+يراجع زوجته إذا طلقها الطلقة الأولى بإمكاني أن
+
+393
+00:31:01,650 --> 00:31:05,590
+يعيدها إذا كان قبل انتهاء العدة بدون مهر و بدون
+
+394
+00:31:05,590 --> 00:31:09,390
+عقد و بدون كذا إذا بعد انتهاء عدتها بمهر جديد و
+
+395
+00:31:09,390 --> 00:31:12,510
+عقد جديد المهم في فرصة أن يراجعه و لو طلقها ثانية
+
+396
+00:31:12,510 --> 00:31:17,330
+بإمكاني أن يعيدها مرة ثانيةنفس المثل إذا قبل
+
+397
+00:31:17,330 --> 00:31:20,270
+انتهاء العدة بدون مواهر و بدون عاقد بكلمة واحد
+
+398
+00:31:20,270 --> 00:31:25,370
+أرجعتك إلى عصمتي فبرجعه وفي الثالثة كمان في فرصة
+
+399
+00:31:25,370 --> 00:31:30,150
+لو أراد مثلا أن طلق الطلاب الثالثة فلتحل له من
+
+400
+00:31:30,150 --> 00:31:34,830
+بعده حتى تنكح زوجها انغيرها تزوج راجل تاني وإذا
+
+401
+00:31:34,830 --> 00:31:38,590
+أراد الراجل الثاني بدون اتفاق مع الأول أن يطلقها
+
+402
+00:31:38,590 --> 00:31:42,650
+بإرادته وأرادت هي بعد ذلك أن تعود إلى زوجها الأول
+
+403
+00:31:42,650 --> 00:31:46,510
+تعودإن إذا في فرص كمان، يعني الطلاق مش نهاية
+
+404
+00:31:46,510 --> 00:31:49,950
+المطاف، طلقة الأولى، في كمان طلقة تانية، حتى بعد
+
+405
+00:31:49,950 --> 00:31:54,110
+الطلقة الثالثة، لو أرادت المرأة و أراد الرجل أن
+
+406
+00:31:54,110 --> 00:31:57,930
+يعيد حياتهم مرة أخرى، فبالإمكان، الإسلام لم يقفل
+
+407
+00:31:57,930 --> 00:32:04,330
+الباب أمام الزوج، والزوجة بكلمة مجرد تصدر من الرجل
+
+408
+00:32:05,180 --> 00:32:10,840
+مما يقلل من الطلاق و نحن ندافع عن حكم الإسلام فيه
+
+409
+00:32:10,840 --> 00:32:18,540
+مما يقلله بارك
+
+410
+00:32:18,540 --> 00:32:23,140
+الله فيك و أحسن و توجهات الإسلام و ��لقرآن و الرسول
+
+411
+00:32:23,140 --> 00:32:26,720
+عليه الصلاة والسلام إذا جاءكم من ترضون دينه و خلقه
+
+412
+00:32:26,720 --> 00:32:31,980
+فزوجوا تنقح المرأة لأرض لمالها و لجمالها و لحسبها
+
+413
+00:32:31,980 --> 00:32:39,560
+و لدينهافاذفر بذات الدين تريبت يداك يعني تسعد وقيل
+
+414
+00:32:39,560 --> 00:32:44,900
+وإلا تريبت يداك يعني التسقت يداك بالتراب كناي عن
+
+415
+00:32:44,900 --> 00:32:49,860
+الندم والحسرة إذا لم تأخذ صاحبة الدين والخلق هتتعب
+
+416
+00:32:49,860 --> 00:32:53,690
+معها و هتتعب معاه إذا ماكنتش صاحب دين وخلقإذا لو
+
+417
+00:32:53,690 --> 00:32:57,310
+كان الرجل صاحب دين وخلق و كانت المرأة صاحبة دين
+
+418
+00:32:57,310 --> 00:33:03,350
+وخلق ستصير الحياة بشكل طبيعي وسيكون هناك يعني
+
+419
+00:33:03,350 --> 00:33:07,170
+احتمال الطلاق ضعيف او قليل اللي لم يكن معلوما
+
+420
+00:33:07,170 --> 00:33:11,930
+المشاكل الكثيرة اللي تحدث بين الأزواج اليوم هو من
+
+421
+00:33:11,930 --> 00:33:16,590
+قلة الدين او الخلق هنا وهنالو كان في دين سيصبر
+
+422
+00:33:16,590 --> 00:33:22,430
+عليه، لو كانت في دين أنه ستحتسب أمرها عند الله،
+
+423
+00:33:22,430 --> 00:33:27,110
+فيه بيكون فيه شغلات تجعل كل منهم يحتملوا الآخر عند
+
+424
+00:33:27,110 --> 00:33:30,970
+وجود مشاكل أو صعوبات أو كذا، دينه سيمنعه، سيرد
+
+425
+00:33:30,970 --> 00:33:34,870
+خلقه سيمنعه، خلقها سيمنعها، لكن الآخر، يمال الذي
+
+426
+00:33:34,870 --> 00:33:38,670
+يمنعه؟ لم يكن عنده دين ولا خلق؟فبتلاقي من أجلة
+
+427
+00:33:38,670 --> 00:33:42,170
+مشكلة أو كده ممكن يطلق أو تطلب الطلاق أو كده أو
+
+428
+00:33:42,170 --> 00:33:45,650
+كده ربما لسلوك شائن عنده أو لسلوك شائن عندها
+
+429
+00:33:45,650 --> 00:33:49,930
+فمايتحملوش بعض ويصير الشكوك والظنون والريبة اللي
+
+430
+00:33:49,930 --> 00:33:54,150
+موجودة عند بعض الأزواج أو الزوجات فالحياة ما
+
+431
+00:33:54,150 --> 00:33:59,550
+تستقيمش بعد ذلك فان هذا يقلل من نسبة وقوع الطلاق
+
+432
+00:34:00,960 --> 00:34:05,980
+أيضا كما قلنا في النقطة الرابعة ان في فرص في
+
+433
+00:34:05,980 --> 00:34:10,600
+الطلاق في فرصتين و في تالتة حتى بعد الطلاقة
+
+434
+00:34:10,600 --> 00:34:14,860
+الثالثة ان تنكح زوجة غيرها أيضا في يسبق الطلاق
+
+435
+00:34:14,860 --> 00:34:20,940
+إجراءات هذه الإجراءات قبل الطلاق كمان ماهي هذه
+
+436
+00:34:20,940 --> 00:34:26,130
+الإجراءات؟الطلاق لا يلجأ إلهي كحل للمشكلات الزوجية
+
+437
+00:34:26,130 --> 00:34:30,030
+إلا بعد تسبق وحدة وسائل إصلاحية وعلاجية يجب على
+
+438
+00:34:30,030 --> 00:34:35,460
+الرجل سلوكيعني كما قال القرآن فابعثوا حكما من أهله
+
+439
+00:34:35,460 --> 00:34:40,180
+و حكما من أهله قبل ما تتصرعوا بالطلاق و التفريق إن
+
+440
+00:34:40,180 --> 00:34:45,720
+يريد إصلاحا لإتنين المصلحين يوفق الله بينهم و هذا
+
+441
+00:34:45,720 --> 00:34:48,020
+في العادة و في الغالب إذا كان نوين الإصلاح بينهم
+
+442
+00:34:48,020 --> 00:34:53,200
+ربنا بيوفق بين الزوج و الزوجة بنية و إرادة الإصلاح
+
+443
+00:34:53,200 --> 00:34:58,420
+من رجال الإصلاحما نفعتش الأمور هناك يكون الطلاق
+
+444
+00:34:58,420 --> 00:35:03,780
+آخر مرحلة آخر الطب الكأي زي ما يقال في المثل آخر
+
+445
+00:35:03,780 --> 00:35:07,320
+حاجة يلجأ إليها الإنسان هي موضوع الطلاق يسبق
+
+446
+00:35:07,320 --> 00:35:12,220
+الطلاق أمور علاجية ممكن أن تحل أو تحل كثير من
+
+447
+00:35:12,220 --> 00:35:17,500
+المشاكل والصعوبات بين الرجل والمرأة والزوج والزوجة
+
+448
+00:35:17,500 --> 00:35:22,450
+طب هل فقط الطلاق يعني يا غرب؟يا أجانب، يا غربيين،
+
+449
+00:35:22,450 --> 00:35:27,010
+يا أوروبيين، يا أمريكان، هل .. اللي بتهم الإسلام،
+
+450
+00:35:27,010 --> 00:35:30,050
+هل الطلاق واحدة و الذي يشرد الأسرة و يفرقها و
+
+451
+00:35:30,050 --> 00:35:35,330
+يشتتها؟ ولا في شغلات تانية ممكن تكون كمان مثل ..؟
+
+452
+00:35:35,330 --> 00:35:37,730
+تفضلي .. ليس الطلاق هو السبب الواحد في تشرد
+
+453
+00:35:37,730 --> 00:35:41,110
+الأطفال و تفرق الأسرة، مرتاحة سنة ثلاثة زوجية داخل
+
+454
+00:35:41,110 --> 00:35:45,070
+الأسرة تؤدي لتشرد الأطفالبارك الله فيك، حتى في
+
+455
+00:35:45,070 --> 00:35:47,770
+المجتمع الغربى أو في الإسلام أو في غيره، مش كلمة
+
+456
+00:35:47,770 --> 00:35:51,410
+الطلاق واحدة، ممكن الخلافات اللي في .. في .. في ما
+
+457
+00:35:51,410 --> 00:35:55,450
+بين الزوجين المتكررة تجعل ال .. ال .. الأولاد أو
+
+458
+00:35:55,450 --> 00:35:58,550
+البنات يكرهون هذا البيت المشحون بالمشاكل، كل يوم
+
+459
+00:35:58,550 --> 00:36:02,070
+مشاكل مع أمي وأبويا وكذا وكذا وكذا، بديش ال ..
+
+460
+00:36:02,070 --> 00:36:05,310
+البيت، بديش المنزل، بتضطفش، بتدهش، بتكذا، بت ..بس
+
+461
+00:36:05,310 --> 00:36:08,950
+إذا العقد النفسي مجرد المشاكل مش من مجرد الطلاق
+
+462
+00:36:08,950 --> 00:36:12,870
+والانفصال ممكن يجد الزوج راحته بعد انفصال عن زوجته
+
+463
+00:36:12,870 --> 00:36:16,390
+ممكن تجد راحتها بعد انفصال عن زوجها هي أولاده أو
+
+464
+00:36:16,390 --> 00:36:22,710
+هو وأولاده تنتهي كثير من المشاكل في يعني دقائق
+
+465
+00:36:22,710 --> 00:36:27,560
+معدودة أخيرةوالوقت يعني أدركنا ودهامنا لماذا جعل
+
+466
+00:36:27,560 --> 00:36:32,300
+الإسلام الطلاق بيد الرجل ربما الكلام معاد ومكرر مش
+
+467
+00:36:32,300 --> 00:36:35,600
+هنعيده هنتوقف عنده النقطة الأخيرة اللي هي
+
+468
+00:36:35,600 --> 00:36:40,200
+الخصوصيات الموجودة في الرجل من المزايا اللي
+
+469
+00:36:40,200 --> 00:36:43,640
+حكيناها والخصائص بطل انفعال وعدم التصرر وكذا
+
+470
+00:36:43,640 --> 00:36:48,880
+والانفاق اللي ربنا سبحانه وتعالى جعله يعني في حق
+
+471
+00:36:48,880 --> 00:36:53,490
+الرجل بما فضل الله بعضهم على بعض وبما أنفقواالنقطة
+
+472
+00:36:53,490 --> 00:36:57,950
+التالتة الإضافية ان بعض الناس او قلة من الناس من
+
+473
+00:36:57,950 --> 00:37:02,570
+يسيء استخدام حقه في الطلاق و هدول دايما القلة شواذ
+
+474
+00:37:02,570 --> 00:37:06,570
+و الشواذ و النوادر لا حكم لهم مانقيسش ان الناس
+
+475
+00:37:06,570 --> 00:37:09,750
+عامة والله اي واحد على طول بيطلق و اي وقت هدول
+
+476
+00:37:09,750 --> 00:37:13,490
+بيكونوا قلة و شواذ اذا ماقيسوا بالأغلبية اللي
+
+477
+00:37:13,490 --> 00:37:17,270
+بيفكر و بقدر و بعمل النتائج و لو طلب ايش بده يصير
+
+478
+00:37:17,270 --> 00:37:22,030
+و كذا و كذا .. الأمور اللي مرت عليأخر نقطة نرد
+
+479
+00:37:22,030 --> 00:37:25,950
+فيها على الغرب و حياتهم و نظامهم عندهم في الغرب
+
+480
+00:37:25,950 --> 00:37:30,830
+الطلاق يكون بواسطة المحكمة عشان واحد يطلق واحدة
+
+481
+00:37:30,830 --> 00:37:35,030
+لازم الأثنين يروحوا المحكمة و يطلقوها هناك هل هذا
+
+482
+00:37:35,030 --> 00:37:38,450
+يلزم في ديننا و شرائنا؟ لا الطلاق يقع بكلمة واحدة
+
+483
+00:37:38,450 --> 00:37:42,510
+يقول لها الزوج و لزوجتي أنت طالق و لا داعي يعني
+
+484
+00:37:42,510 --> 00:37:47,230
+يذهبوا إلى المحاكم و يصير فضيحةو عليها شهود و
+
+485
+00:37:47,230 --> 00:37:50,310
+المحاكم مليانة ميش اللي جاي بفلانه فالله جاي
+
+486
+00:37:50,310 --> 00:37:53,870
+نتطلقه ما شاء الله يعني الحياة هيكون شيء جيد إنه
+
+487
+00:37:53,870 --> 00:37:58,950
+رايحين عشان نتطلقه فننشر فضائحنا و نزاعاتنا و كده
+
+488
+00:37:58,950 --> 00:38:02,570
+نروح على المحاكم هكذا في الغرب يبين حدث و مش لأي
+
+489
+00:38:02,570 --> 00:38:07,080
+سبب إلا يكون فيه سببكما قلنا زنا الراجل او المرأة
+
+490
+00:38:07,080 --> 00:38:10,640
+او كده فصاروا الناس في الغرب علشان يلجأوا لهذه
+
+491
+00:38:10,640 --> 00:38:16,500
+الوسيلة يخترعوا قصة هنا او هناك فيثبت زنا ال��وجة
+
+492
+00:38:16,500 --> 00:38:21,000
+او المرأة تثبت زنا الراجل بتصوير بدبلجة حتى ممكن
+
+493
+00:38:21,000 --> 00:38:24,320
+ان يمارسوا ذلك حقيقة علشان الليان بدوا يتخلصوا من
+
+494
+00:38:24,320 --> 00:38:27,420
+بعض ومافيش ما يسمح لهم في القانون الا بهذه الحالة
+
+495
+00:38:27,420 --> 00:38:31,810
+طب اثبتفبضطروا يعملوا هذه الفاحشة واحد منهم او كذا
+
+496
+00:38:31,810 --> 00:38:37,930
+و يثبتها في محضر علشان يطلق زوجته فكلها قضايا فيها
+
+497
+00:38:37,930 --> 00:38:45,030
+فضائح و يعني الإسلام يقبأ هذا النشر و هذه الإشاعة
+
+498
+00:38:45,030 --> 00:38:50,530
+الفاحشة بين المؤمنين اتوقف عند تعدد الزوجات لإن
+
+499
+00:38:50,530 --> 00:38:54,390
+فيها كلام و شجوع ناخد راحتنا في الحديث عن تعدد
+
+500
+00:38:54,390 --> 00:38:54,930
+الزوجات
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZZ8ASUiLEKVKvwcEdfmB_y/EiLtWlTQEDg_raw.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,2000 @@
+1
+00:00:20,670 --> 00:00:24,150
+الحمد لله يا رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيدنا
+
+2
+00:00:24,150 --> 00:00:28,470
+محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين أما بعد كنا نتحدث في
+
+3
+00:00:28,470 --> 00:00:32,270
+المحاضرة الماضية يا أخوات عن أول وسائل الغزو
+
+4
+00:00:32,270 --> 00:00:36,790
+الفكري وهي وسيلة التبشير وانتهينا من الحديث عنها
+
+5
+00:00:36,790 --> 00:00:42,720
+في آخر المحاضرة وكان آخر الحديث في التبشير هوواضع
+
+6
+00:00:42,720 --> 00:00:48,780
+خطة لمواجهة التبشير أو التنصير في محاضرة اليوم ان
+
+7
+00:00:48,780 --> 00:00:54,440
+شاء الله تعالى سنكمل الحديث عن وسائل الغزو الفكري
+
+8
+00:00:54,440 --> 00:00:59,320
+ونتناول الحديث عن الوسيلة الثانية من وسائل الغزو
+
+9
+00:00:59,320 --> 00:01:03,570
+الفكري اللي هو هي وسيلةالاستشراق حديثنا اليوم عن
+
+10
+00:01:03,570 --> 00:01:08,210
+الاستشراق ثاني وسائل الغزو الفكري سنعرف معنى
+
+11
+00:01:08,210 --> 00:01:12,910
+الاستشراق لغة واصطلاحا او يمكن هنا مركز على المعنى
+
+12
+00:01:12,910 --> 00:01:19,630
+الاصطلاحي ثم نتعرف على دوافع واهداف الاستشراق
+
+13
+00:01:19,630 --> 00:01:24,340
+والمستشرقينوفي نهاية الحديث نتحدث عن وسائل
+
+14
+00:01:24,340 --> 00:01:30,280
+الاستشراق دعونا نبدأ الحديث عن الاستشراق هذه
+
+15
+00:01:30,280 --> 00:01:37,280
+الوسيلة من وسائل الغزو الفكري نشطت حركتها في القرن
+
+16
+00:01:37,280 --> 00:01:45,180
+الرابع عشر الهجري يعني حركتها حديثة النشأة وبخاصة
+
+17
+00:01:45,180 --> 00:01:50,690
+بعد سقوط الخلافةوكان الهدف منها أو من ورائها هو
+
+18
+00:01:50,690 --> 00:01:57,130
+الافتراء على الإسلام وتشويه سمعته وصورته بإلقاء
+
+19
+00:01:57,130 --> 00:02:03,750
+مفتريات والأباطيل والشبهات حوله وحول مصادره تحت
+
+20
+00:02:03,750 --> 00:02:09,230
+حجة البحث العلمي ان هؤلاء باحثون علميون هدفهم هو
+
+21
+00:02:09,230 --> 00:02:15,110
+البحث العلمي والوصول إلى نتائجمن خلال هذه المظلة و
+
+22
+00:02:15,110 --> 00:02:19,970
+تحت هذه المظلة انطلقوا لتشويه سمعة و صورة الإسلام
+
+23
+00:02:19,970 --> 00:02:26,390
+العظيم فما هو الاستشراق؟ ماذا نعني بالاستشراق؟
+
+24
+00:02:27,420 --> 00:02:30,740
+وهي عبارة عن الدراسات التي يقوم بها غير المسلمين
+
+25
+00:02:30,740 --> 00:02:34,640
+من النصرة واليقل والتقرة للدين الإسلامي وعلوم
+
+26
+00:02:34,640 --> 00:02:38,480
+المسلمين المسلمين في تاريخهم ولغتهم ووضعهم
+
+27
+00:02:38,480 --> 00:02:42,280
+السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والهدف هو بهدف
+
+28
+00:02:42,280 --> 00:02:50,180
+تشورة الإسلاموتشكيك المسلمين في دينهم كيف يشككون
+
+29
+00:02:50,180 --> 00:02:54,160
+في دينهم بالطعن في أهم مصادر التشريح أهم مصادر
+
+30
+00:02:54,160 --> 00:02:58,620
+التشريح هي القرآن والسنة مش و تاريخ المسلمين تابع
+
+31
+00:02:58,620 --> 00:03:02,840
+لمصادر التشريح لأ والتشكيك بتاريخ المسلمين تشكيكهم
+
+32
+00:03:02,840 --> 00:03:07,500
+بمصادر التشريح وهي القرآن والسنةتشكيكهم بتاريخ
+
+33
+00:03:07,500 --> 00:03:10,840
+المسلمين لأن تاريخ المسلمين ليس مصدرا من مصادر
+
+34
+00:03:10,840 --> 00:03:14,460
+التشريع كما هو معروف فمعلوم إذا هذه الحركة في
+
+35
+00:03:14,460 --> 00:03:19,400
+أصلها وأساسها هي حركة علمية يقوم بها علماء من
+
+36
+00:03:19,400 --> 00:03:24,980
+الغير المسلمين متخصصين في العلوم المختلفة وهم
+
+37
+00:03:24,980 --> 00:03:30,840
+ليسوا نصارى بالمناسبة فقط بل نجد منهم نصارىويهود
+
+38
+00:03:30,840 --> 00:03:35,140
+وشيوعيون وملحدون وغير مسلمين من كل الأصناف
+
+39
+00:03:35,140 --> 00:03:40,220
+والأجناس والهدف في النهاية واحد ومشترك هو الطعن في
+
+40
+00:03:40,220 --> 00:03:47,400
+الإسلام والتشويه وتشويه صورته وحقيقته من خلال
+
+41
+00:03:47,400 --> 00:03:53,260
+الافتراض عليه فبالتالي المستشرق هو ذلك العالم الذي
+
+42
+00:03:53,260 --> 00:03:58,120
+يشتغل بتلك الدراسات العالم الذي يشتغل بتلك
+
+43
+00:03:58,120 --> 00:04:03,460
+الدراساتومن الآن نعرف الفرق الجوهري بين المبشر
+
+44
+00:04:03,460 --> 00:04:09,360
+والمستشرق وإن كان الإثنين يصدران عن مصدر واحد هو
+
+45
+00:04:09,360 --> 00:04:12,920
+الغزو الفكري وهدفهم واحد هو الغزو الفكري ولكن ذاك
+
+46
+00:04:12,920 --> 00:04:18,100
+المبشر داعي يدعو الناس وينطلق في الميدان ويبشر هذا
+
+47
+00:04:18,100 --> 00:04:22,720
+المستشرق ميدانه العلم واضح هي الفرق هذا المستشرق
+
+48
+00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:29,220
+عالم متخصص في العلوم المختلفة يكتب و يؤلف و ينشر و
+
+49
+00:04:29,220 --> 00:04:33,440
+هذا المبشر داعي رجل ميدان ينطلق و يبشر و يحمل
+
+50
+00:04:33,440 --> 00:04:39,620
+الفكرة و يبشر بها و يريد ان ينصر و يبشر بهذا الدين
+
+51
+00:04:39,620 --> 00:04:45,540
+و يكسب أنصار جدد للدين المحرف و يبعد الناس و
+
+52
+00:04:45,540 --> 00:04:50,330
+يخرجهم عن دينهم كما هو هدفالمبشرين ما هي الدوافع
+
+53
+00:04:50,330 --> 00:04:56,410
+والاهداف التي تقف ورا الاستشرار باستقصاء هذه
+
+54
+00:04:56,410 --> 00:05:01,490
+الدوافع والاهداف نجد اهداف متعددة وكثيرة على رأس
+
+55
+00:05:01,490 --> 00:05:07,770
+هذه الاهداف هذه الخمس اهداف منها او دوافع منها هدف
+
+56
+00:05:07,770 --> 00:05:18,340
+الديني استعماري سياسي اقتصاديعلمي وين هو يعني موضع
+
+57
+00:05:18,340 --> 00:05:24,280
+العلمي في آخر الدوافع والاهداف وكأنه هذا الترتيب
+
+58
+00:05:24,280 --> 00:05:29,840
+مقصود من الكاتب والمؤلم ليطلعنا من أول الأمر على
+
+59
+00:05:29,840 --> 00:05:34,160
+أن الدافع والهدف العلمي هو آخر ما يفكر به هؤلاء مع
+
+60
+00:05:34,160 --> 00:05:40,140
+أنهم علماءيدعون العلم ومتخصصين في مجالات مختلفة
+
+61
+00:05:40,140 --> 00:05:46,360
+والاصل في الأبحاث العلمية أن تكون موضوعية علمية
+
+62
+00:05:46,360 --> 00:05:51,380
+كما هو اسمها وتتحرر الدقة والموضوعية والتجرد
+
+63
+00:05:51,380 --> 00:05:56,420
+والحيدة كما هو شأن وخصائص البحث العلمي لكن سنجد
+
+64
+00:05:56,420 --> 00:06:00,060
+العكس عند هؤلاء لم ينطلقوا من هذه القواعد وهذه
+
+65
+00:06:00,060 --> 00:06:03,280
+المبادئ اللي هي مبادئ وقواعد البحث العلميسنرى ذلك
+
+66
+00:06:03,280 --> 00:06:08,220
+بالتفصيل عند الحديث عن منهج المستشرقين لما نتكلم
+
+67
+00:06:08,220 --> 00:06:16,040
+على الدافع العلمي ونبدأ بالدافع الأول والأساس الذي
+
+68
+00:06:16,040 --> 00:06:20,660
+ينطلق من هؤلاء جميعا ويجمعهم ويوحدهم هو الدافع
+
+69
+00:06:20,660 --> 00:06:27,170
+الديني وهدف الدين وتتبين حقيقة هذا الدافعليه؟
+
+70
+00:06:27,170 --> 00:06:31,910
+الاستشراق من خلال دراسة نشأته لو طلعنا على نشأة
+
+71
+00:06:31,910 --> 00:06:36,390
+الاستشراق وكيف نشأ وعلى أيدي من نشأ سنجد هذا
+
+72
+00:06:36,390 --> 00:06:42,290
+الجواب لهذا السؤال كيف يعني نتبين هذا الدافع
+
+73
+00:06:42,290 --> 00:06:49,710
+الديني من خلال مين؟ نشأتهفقد نشأ على أيدي الرهبان
+
+74
+00:06:49,710 --> 00:06:54,510
+رهبان الكنيسة لان المستشريقين الذين بدأوا حركة
+
+75
+00:06:54,510 --> 00:06:59,690
+الاستشراق هم رهبان كنيسة رجال كنيسة يبدأوا يدافعوا
+
+76
+00:06:59,690 --> 00:07:05,080
+الهدف ديني واضحكما رأينا في التبشير والتنصيب كذلك
+
+77
+00:07:05,080 --> 00:07:09,800
+وربما هنا كان أوضح لكن هنا مستشريقين يعني علماء طب
+
+78
+00:07:09,800 --> 00:07:13,800
+إيش دخل الدين والكنيسة و .. إذا هم إيه هم هدف وإيه
+
+79
+00:07:13,800 --> 00:07:19,060
+هم مطمع وإيه هم دافع يعني ديني؟وهذا الدافع اللي
+
+80
+00:07:19,060 --> 00:07:22,580
+انطلقوا منه كان في ذلك الوقت اللي انطلقوا منه
+
+81
+00:07:22,580 --> 00:07:27,040
+ضروريا للكنيسة لأن الكنيسة دخلت في مواجهة مع
+
+82
+00:07:27,040 --> 00:07:32,620
+العلماء وكانت تصطدم معاهم في كثير من الأحيان و
+
+83
+00:07:32,620 --> 00:07:36,300
+تصطدم مع الحقائق العلمية التي كان يصل اليها
+
+84
+00:07:36,300 --> 00:07:41,220
+العلماء فينكر رجال الدين هذه الحقائق بحجة أنها
+
+85
+00:07:41,220 --> 00:07:47,350
+تخالف نصوص الدينوتخالف الكتاب المقدس وتخالف ما
+
+86
+00:07:47,350 --> 00:07:51,090
+عليه الكنيسة وكان هناك ملاحقات معروفة ومشهورة عبر
+
+87
+00:07:51,090 --> 00:07:56,970
+التاريخ لعلماء كثر يعني لوحقوا من خلال رجال
+
+88
+00:07:56,970 --> 00:08:01,230
+الكنيسة لأنهم قالوا بأقوال مخالفة للكنيسة وهي
+
+89
+00:08:01,230 --> 00:08:06,610
+أقوال في غالبها وأكثرها علميةو يعني ثبتت بالتجربة
+
+90
+00:08:06,610 --> 00:08:11,390
+والدرهان والأدلة لكنها لم تقنع رجال الكنيسة
+
+91
+00:08:11,390 --> 00:08:16,270
+وبالتالي شعرت الكنيسة بأنها قد أفلست في هذه
+
+92
+00:08:16,270 --> 00:08:19,770
+الأطروحات التي تترحى على الناس من خلال هذا الدين
+
+93
+00:08:19,770 --> 00:08:25,090
+المحرف والعقيدة المحرفة فماذا تفعل؟ كيف تدافع عن
+
+94
+00:08:25,090 --> 00:08:31,940
+نفسها؟ إيش عملت؟تبعت القاعدة أفضل أو خير وسيلة
+
+95
+00:08:31,940 --> 00:08:37,620
+للدفاع للهجوم عشان تدافع عن نفسها راحت حولت القضية
+
+96
+00:08:37,620 --> 00:08:44,810
+والمعركة إلى الإسلاموبدأت تشوّف صورة وسمعة الإسلام
+
+97
+00:08:44,810 --> 00:08:49,190
+فجعل الاستشراق غايته الهجوم على الإسلام في عقيدته
+
+98
+00:08:49,190 --> 00:08:54,930
+وعبادته وأحكامه وتصويره بأنه دين القتل وسفك الدماء
+
+99
+00:08:54,930 --> 00:09:00,490
+والارهاب وكل ذلك من أجل التغطية على فشل الكنيسة
+
+100
+00:09:00,490 --> 00:09:06,100
+التي اصطدمت مبادئها بالعلم والواقع والتاريخو
+
+101
+00:09:06,100 --> 00:09:10,360
+نستطيع أن نلمح و نلحظ هذا الدافع الديني من هذه
+
+102
+00:09:10,360 --> 00:09:15,400
+الأمور التي نعرضها أو نستعرضها التي تتمثل في عدة
+
+103
+00:09:15,400 --> 00:09:19,920
+أمور من هذه الأمور كيف نتبين الدافع الديني أول شيء
+
+104
+00:09:19,920 --> 00:09:23,060
+لما تزادع في العقيدة النصرانية المحادفة في نفوس
+
+105
+00:09:23,060 --> 00:09:26,840
+الأوروبيين عاند نفر من رجال الكنيسة ومنسوبيها أو
+
+106
+00:09:26,840 --> 00:09:31,080
+متسيبيها إلى دراسة الإسلام دراسة تشكيكية إذا هم
+
+107
+00:09:31,080 --> 00:09:37,860
+أرادوا بدراستهم للإسلامأن يتمونطلقين من التشكيك مش
+
+108
+00:09:37,860 --> 00:09:42,540
+من البحث والموضوعية والبحث عن الحقيقة المجردة لأ
+
+109
+00:09:42,540 --> 00:09:47,760
+هو منطلق بدافع وغرض وهدف ان يشكك في الإسلام ويشوي
+
+110
+00:09:47,760 --> 00:09:54,340
+فيبحث عن ما يعني يحقق هذا الهدف عن شبهات عن روايات
+
+111
+00:09:54,340 --> 00:09:57,720
+تاريخية ضعيفة او مجذوبة او بعض الأحاديث المجذوبة
+
+112
+00:09:57,720 --> 00:10:04,010
+والموضوع في هذا الشأن ويلتقطها من هنا ومن هناكطبعا
+
+113
+00:10:04,010 --> 00:10:08,730
+لماذا لجأ لهذه الدراسات التشكيكية؟ ولماذا يريد أن
+
+114
+00:10:08,730 --> 00:10:13,430
+يشكك في الإسلام؟ الهدف أيضا هو ..
+
+115
+00:10:19,560 --> 00:10:24,180
+بارك الله فيك، بعد أن اصطدم هذا الدين المسمى دين
+
+116
+00:10:24,180 --> 00:10:29,920
+الكنيسة زورا وبهتانا مسمى دين لأنه أصبح محرفا مع
+
+117
+00:10:29,920 --> 00:10:36,640
+العلم ورجال العلم ورأى الناس كيف هذا الدين يصطدم
+
+118
+00:10:36,640 --> 00:10:40,950
+مع العلم فلم يقتنعوا بهذا الدينوبدأوا يلجؤون إلى
+
+119
+00:10:40,950 --> 00:10:44,710
+دين حق ودين آخر وبدأ كثير منهم يدخل في الإسلام
+
+120
+00:10:44,710 --> 00:10:49,830
+فكيف يحموا أنفسهم ويحموا أتباعهم ويحموا النصارى في
+
+121
+00:10:49,830 --> 00:10:54,390
+بلادهم عمدوا إلى التشكيك في هذا الدين الذي بدأ
+
+122
+00:10:54,390 --> 00:10:58,570
+الناس يقتنعون به تخدونه بديلا عن هذا الدين اللي
+
+123
+00:10:58,570 --> 00:11:04,280
+بيصادم العلم وبيتعرض مع الحقائقالعلمية وقاموا بذلك
+
+124
+00:11:04,280 --> 00:11:09,640
+وهو الانتقاص من الإسلام لماذا؟ حتى لا يلتفت
+
+125
+00:11:09,640 --> 00:11:14,620
+النصارى إلى نقض العقيدة النصرانية اللي بيتكلموا
+
+126
+00:11:14,620 --> 00:11:18,020
+عنها اللي صدمت العلم فبدهم يشغلوهم بشيء آخر
+
+127
+00:11:18,020 --> 00:11:23,880
+فأرادوا ان يشغلوهم بالانتقاص من الإسلام ونقض
+
+128
+00:11:23,880 --> 00:11:28,820
+العقيدة الإسلامية أيضا الذي يوضح هذا الدافع كذلك
+
+129
+00:11:32,340 --> 00:11:36,640
+محاولة تنصير المسلمين أو تشويه سلطة الإسلام دي
+
+130
+00:11:36,640 --> 00:11:40,110
+اللي في السنة؟بارك الله فيك لأن هذا الأمر أيضًا هو
+
+131
+00:11:40,110 --> 00:11:44,590
+الذي يؤكد هذا الدافع أنه حتى وهم مستشرقون وعلميون
+
+132
+00:11:44,590 --> 00:11:49,990
+برضه قاموا بمحاولات تنصير المسلمين أو تشويص دورة
+
+133
+00:11:49,990 --> 00:11:54,670
+الإسلام على الأقل مع أنك عالم أو في مجالك العلمي
+
+134
+00:11:54,670 --> 00:11:59,530
+ماقلك دعوة في هذا الأمر لكن قام بهذا الدور لأنه
+
+135
+00:11:59,530 --> 00:12:04,650
+يعني بتكامل دور مع دور المبشر في هذا الأمر ومع أهل
+
+136
+00:12:04,650 --> 00:12:11,080
+التغريب كما سنعرف لأن كلهم بيمثلواوسائل لغزو فكري
+
+137
+00:12:11,080 --> 00:12:15,980
+جديد للعالم الإسلامي بديلا عن الغزو العسكري الذي
+
+138
+00:12:15,980 --> 00:12:20,880
+فشل كذلك مما يؤكد هذا الدافع أو يتمثل هذا الدافع
+
+139
+00:12:20,880 --> 00:12:22,940
+في الأمر الرابع هو
+
+140
+00:12:29,870 --> 00:12:35,310
+بارك الله فيه، اذا كمان هذا الأمر يعني بيظهر هذا
+
+141
+00:12:35,310 --> 00:12:39,830
+الدافع انه بدأوا يتحدثوا عن مصادر تشريع الإسلام
+
+142
+00:12:39,830 --> 00:12:41,530
+القرآن الصنة
+
+143
+00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:48,340
+هذا القرآن وهذا الكتاب وهذه الأحكام وهذه التشريعات
+
+144
+00:12:48,340 --> 00:12:51,460
+التي جاء بها هذا الإسلام موثّت بالقرآن والسنة
+
+145
+00:12:51,460 --> 00:12:55,440
+مأخوذة كلها من اليهودي من النصرانيين يعني ما جابوش
+
+146
+00:12:55,440 --> 00:12:59,040
+حاجة من عندهم المسلمين ليس لهم فضل في ذلك اقتبسوا
+
+147
+00:12:59,040 --> 00:13:02,160
+ذلك من اليهودية والنصرانيين وسنعرف أيضا ذلك
+
+148
+00:13:02,160 --> 00:13:07,180
+بالتفصيل والشرح عند الحديث عن الموضوعات التي ركز
+
+149
+00:13:07,180 --> 00:13:11,480
+عليها المستشرقون ومنها موضوع القرآن والسنة والفقه
+
+150
+00:13:11,920 --> 00:13:18,160
+وغيرها ثاني هذه الدوافع والاهداف التي طلق منها
+
+151
+00:13:18,160 --> 00:13:24,540
+الاستشراق والمستشرقون هو الدافع الاستعماري هذا
+
+152
+00:13:24,540 --> 00:13:28,320
+الدافع لحظة احنا ماسألناش يعني اه لما نسأل ان شاء
+
+153
+00:13:28,320 --> 00:13:36,560
+الله بتجاوب هذا الدافع قدمه المستشرقون خدمة لمن
+
+154
+00:13:37,630 --> 00:13:42,790
+للاستعمار والمخطط الاستعماري لان الاستعمار يعني من
+
+155
+00:13:42,790 --> 00:13:46,810
+اسمه هو هدف هو السيطرة على البلدان واحتلالها وكذلك
+
+156
+00:13:46,810 --> 00:13:52,190
+فكان من أهداف الاستشراق ان يؤدي هذه الخدمة
+
+157
+00:13:52,190 --> 00:13:56,770
+للمستعمر الذي انهزم في الحروب الصالبية المتتالية
+
+158
+00:13:56,770 --> 00:14:03,660
+وبدأ يعيد حساباته وبدأ يخطط للاحتلال بشكل جديدأو
+
+159
+00:14:03,660 --> 00:14:10,040
+للاحتلال مرة أخرى بشكل جديد فماذا فعل هذا الاحتلال
+
+160
+00:14:10,040 --> 00:14:14,720
+الجديد أو الغزو الجديد؟كان الدافع الثاني وهو
+
+161
+00:14:14,720 --> 00:14:17,760
+الدافع الاستعماري، فبعد هزيمته في ال .. بعد هزيمة
+
+162
+00:14:17,760 --> 00:14:23,200
+المحتلين المبشرين وكذلك المستشريقين في أوروبا
+
+163
+00:14:23,200 --> 00:14:27,720
+أصبحوا يبحثوا عن سوق الأخرى فقاموا بعمل ��راكز
+
+164
+00:14:27,720 --> 00:14:31,140
+يتبعون بدراسة الدراسات الإسلامية في كافة مجالات
+
+165
+00:14:31,140 --> 00:14:34,820
+الحياة، سواء كانت اقتصادية او اجتماعية او غيرهاو
+
+166
+00:14:34,820 --> 00:14:38,500
+.. و هذه المراكز أصبحت ممتلة قبل الله حيث وصل
+
+167
+00:14:38,500 --> 00:14:42,220
+عليهم إلى مئات و يكون المؤلفين أخرين بأنهم وصلوا
+
+168
+00:14:42,220 --> 00:14:45,080
+إلى الألب أصبحوا يبقوا ثومة قمة و كانت الدولة
+
+169
+00:14:45,080 --> 00:14:48,620
+بتصرف عليهم مبالغ طائلة تصل إلى مليارات الدولارات
+
+170
+00:14:48,620 --> 00:14:52,640
+بعد ذلك انتقلوا إلى الجانب اللي عمل فيه الجامعة
+
+171
+00:14:52,640 --> 00:14:56,720
+نفسها ثم انتقلوا إلى مناصب عليا في السياسةلذلك كان
+
+172
+00:14:56,720 --> 00:15:01,340
+لديهم دور كبير في تشويه صورة الإسلام، فأصبحوا يعمل
+
+173
+00:15:01,340 --> 00:15:05,700
+مقارنة .. بعمل مقارنة بين الواقع الغربي المسيحي
+
+174
+00:15:05,700 --> 00:15:10,400
+وبين الواقع المسترمنه حيث التخلف الذي تعيشه الدول
+
+175
+00:15:10,400 --> 00:15:13,880
+العربية، حيث أصبحت أمريكا واحنا نعرف أن كل يوم
+
+176
+00:15:13,880 --> 00:15:18,600
+يكون هناك المئات والعشرات من المفترعاتو كذلك يرونا
+
+177
+00:15:18,600 --> 00:15:22,460
+أن المسلمين هم عبارة عن ناس متخلفين، سفاكين دماء،
+
+178
+00:15:22,460 --> 00:15:25,440
+يركبون الجمال، ليس لهم غير المأكل و المشرب و
+
+179
+00:15:25,440 --> 00:15:30,140
+الملبس، و نحن الدين المصراني، نحن قادرين كاملة،
+
+180
+00:15:30,140 --> 00:15:36,760
+الله أكبر عليك، يعني حملة كبيرة على المستشرقين
+
+181
+00:15:38,520 --> 00:15:42,660
+بحجلها يعني و بستهلهم بارك الله فيك و أحسنتي و
+
+182
+00:15:42,660 --> 00:15:47,860
+أفطت يعني و زدت على ما هو مطلوب الله يفتح عليك هذه
+
+183
+00:15:47,860 --> 00:15:53,180
+القضايا التي أثرتها الأخت و ذكرتها عن هؤلاء لم
+
+184
+00:15:53,180 --> 00:15:58,460
+تخرج عن نطاق المعقول يعني بل قام هؤلاء بالفعل بكل
+
+185
+00:15:58,460 --> 00:16:04,700
+ما ذكرت الأخت و وضعوا الخطط لتشويه صورة الإسلام و
+
+186
+00:16:04,700 --> 00:16:12,000
+ضرب هذا الإسلام من الداخلوهذا يخدم الاستعمار لانه
+
+187
+00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:17,140
+يريد ان يعرف اين نقاط الضعف عند المسلمين فيحاول ان
+
+188
+00:16:17,140 --> 00:16:23,120
+ينفذ منه ويعمل على تقوية هذه النقاط الضعف والنقاط
+
+189
+00:16:23,120 --> 00:16:27,580
+القوة حاول ان يضعفها فمين اللي بدو يخدم في ذلك؟ما
+
+190
+00:16:27,580 --> 00:16:31,820
+الذي سيقدم الاستعمار هم هؤلاء مين يدرس هذه الدراسة
+
+191
+00:16:31,820 --> 00:16:36,700
+ومين يقدم هذه الأبحاث والدراسات هم المستشرقون فهو
+
+192
+00:16:36,700 --> 00:16:41,500
+يعني عمل مراكز مختصة لهذه الدراسات يقوم بها هؤلاء
+
+193
+00:16:41,500 --> 00:16:46,800
+المستشرقون ويقدموا دراساتهم وأبحاثهم حتى يعرف
+
+194
+00:16:46,800 --> 00:16:52,460
+الاستعمار والاحتلال من أين يدخل من أين ينفذطيب هذه
+
+195
+00:16:52,460 --> 00:16:56,900
+الدراسات التي عكف عليها المستشرقون ما هي الأهداف
+
+196
+00:16:56,900 --> 00:17:01,760
+منها لو أردنا أن نضع أهداف لها محددة سنجد من هذه
+
+197
+00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:05,980
+الأهداف ليه هذه الدراسات اتفضل لقطة اللي في الآخر
+
+198
+00:17:05,980 --> 00:17:09,640
+أول هدف كما قلنا قبل قليل يعني و لما احنا .. الآن
+
+199
+00:17:09,640 --> 00:17:13,060
+احنا بدنا نبدأ نفصل فيها هذه النقطة وهي إيجاد
+
+200
+00:17:13,060 --> 00:17:16,880
+معاطف محكوة في شعور الإنسان التي كدا تقول أن السمر
+
+201
+00:17:16,880 --> 00:17:23,540
+هريحوهذه القوة أو مواطن القوة هي اللي بتمثل
+
+202
+00:17:23,540 --> 00:17:30,420
+المقاومة الروحية والمعنوية للمسلمين نعم ..
+
+203
+00:17:43,340 --> 00:17:46,740
+بارك الله فيك وهذا ما يسعى إليه الاستعمار أن يجعل
+
+204
+00:17:46,740 --> 00:17:50,820
+البلاد المستعمرة والمحتلة التي يريد أن يحتلها
+
+205
+00:17:50,820 --> 00:17:57,860
+تقبله كاستعمار وترضى به وتستسيغه بأن يخزوها فكريا
+
+206
+00:17:58,480 --> 00:18:03,480
+فتقبل أفكاره وأقراه فحينما يأتي هذا المحتل تجد
+
+207
+00:18:03,480 --> 00:18:07,660
+غرابة بينها وبينه لأنها تحمل نفس الأفكار وهكذا
+
+208
+00:18:07,660 --> 00:18:13,240
+يراهم وهكذا يريد أن يصبغ هذه الشعوب صبغته ويؤثر
+
+209
+00:18:13,240 --> 00:18:19,960
+عليها من خلال فكره المسموم أيضا من أهداف هذه
+
+210
+00:18:19,960 --> 00:18:23,400
+الدراسات .. اتفضل الأخت العمل على ارتماع الشعوب
+
+211
+00:18:23,400 --> 00:18:27,720
+المسلمان في أحضان الغرب استعمل استعمله الإقبالعلى
+
+212
+00:18:27,720 --> 00:18:31,200
+أفكار التقاطات الغربية المادية اللاتينيةبارك الله
+
+213
+00:18:31,200 --> 00:18:34,280
+في كل النقاط كما ترون يعني توصل بعضها إلى بعض
+
+214
+00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:38,840
+مادامه بيكتشف مواطن القوة ومواطن الضعف وبالتالي
+
+215
+00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:45,120
+بينفذ منها لهدفه الثاني وهو أن ترتمي شعوب المسلمة
+
+216
+00:18:45,120 --> 00:18:50,340
+في أحضانه وتتبنى فكره و آراءه وصلنا نرى في موضوع
+
+217
+00:18:50,340 --> 00:18:54,040
+التغريب وفي تلميذ المستشرقين هناك من تأثر بهذه
+
+218
+00:18:54,040 --> 00:18:58,160
+الأفكار وحمل هذه الأفكار مثل طه حسين وغيره ونشرها
+
+219
+00:18:58,740 --> 00:19:02,780
+وسوق عليها وكذلك في التغريب سنجد أكثر نستحمل
+
+220
+00:19:02,780 --> 00:19:08,820
+الأفكار الغربية والمبادئ والسلوكيات الغربية وتدافع
+
+221
+00:19:08,820 --> 00:19:14,840
+عنها وتستبدلها بمبادئ دينها الثابت والأصيل والحق
+
+222
+00:19:14,840 --> 00:19:20,000
+من المسلمين ولازالون موجودين حتى هذه اللحظة
+
+223
+00:19:20,240 --> 00:19:23,800
+ويدافعون عن هذا الفكر فيما يُعرف بالليبراليين
+
+224
+00:19:23,800 --> 00:19:28,380
+والعلمانيين وكل هؤلاء من دعاة التغريب الليبرالية
+
+225
+00:19:28,380 --> 00:19:32,860
+العلمانية الجديدة هذه كلها دعوة إلى اقصاء وعزل
+
+226
+00:19:32,860 --> 00:19:37,360
+الدين عن الحياة والسياسة وكذا واحنا يعني حياتنا
+
+227
+00:19:37,360 --> 00:19:44,230
+هذهبنأخذها حسب أراءنا وهذه حياة مدنية ليس لها
+
+228
+00:19:44,230 --> 00:19:47,850
+علاقة بالدين كما فعل الغرب في اقصائه للدين عن
+
+229
+00:19:47,850 --> 00:19:52,530
+الحكم والسياسة والحياة وهذه العلمانية في حقيقتها
+
+230
+00:19:52,530 --> 00:19:58,970
+لكن الوجه الجديد اليوم للعلمانية هو الليبراليةالان
+
+231
+00:19:58,970 --> 00:20:04,410
+بطل يقول العلمانية والعلمانيين وصارت يعني لعبة
+
+232
+00:20:04,410 --> 00:20:08,770
+مكشوفة ومعروفة وصاروا يستحون منه لأ نحن
+
+233
+00:20:08,770 --> 00:20:11,730
+الليبراليين يعني الأحرار يعني المدعو للحرية وحرية
+
+234
+00:20:11,730 --> 00:20:15,330
+الرأي وحرية الفكر يعني بدل ما كانوا العلمانية التي
+
+235
+00:20:15,330 --> 00:20:18,910
+تعني فصل الدين عن الدولة والحياة وكذا وشافوا تواجه
+
+236
+00:20:18,910 --> 00:20:21,810
+الناس إلى الدين فبدهمش صادموا الان تواجهات الناس
+
+237
+00:20:21,810 --> 00:20:25,840
+إلىالدين ويقولوا ان هؤلاء ضد الدين، لا يا عم نحن
+
+238
+00:20:25,840 --> 00:20:29,820
+مع الدين، بل الآن المعركة الجديدة اللي بيقود هؤلاء
+
+239
+00:20:29,820 --> 00:20:35,200
+الليبراليون وقد تعجبونها هي الدفاع عن الإسلامبدافع
+
+240
+00:20:35,200 --> 00:20:39,720
+عن الإسلام الآن بس بطريقتهم هم بالطريقة تبعتهم
+
+241
+00:20:39,720 --> 00:20:43,140
+ويعيبون على الحركات الإسلامية و الجماعة الإسلامية
+
+242
+00:20:43,140 --> 00:20:46,700
+إنها لم تفهم الإسلام الفهم الصحي وهي مخالفة بفهمها
+
+243
+00:20:46,700 --> 00:20:49,860
+وفكرها للإسلام والإسلام لا يقول ما يقوله هؤلاء
+
+244
+00:20:49,860 --> 00:20:54,250
+و��ؤلاء يستغلوا الدين في كده وكده وهؤلاءهو كأنه هو
+
+245
+00:20:54,250 --> 00:20:57,530
+المدافع عن الدين أنا أتابع كثير من البرامج
+
+246
+00:20:57,530 --> 00:21:01,210
+المعارضين خاصة في مصر وغيرها من الإبراليين معظم
+
+247
+00:21:01,210 --> 00:21:04,750
+كلامهم قال الله وقال الرسول والإسلام والدين والدين
+
+248
+00:21:04,750 --> 00:21:09,550
+بريء مما يقول هؤلاء والدين أعظم والدين وهمأعداء
+
+249
+00:21:09,550 --> 00:21:12,990
+الدين بالأمس اللي كانوا يحاربونه الآن لا يجرؤ أحد
+
+250
+00:21:12,990 --> 00:21:17,490
+أن يحارب من يستطيع أن يواجه اتجاه الناس العام إلى
+
+251
+00:21:17,490 --> 00:21:21,110
+الدين والإسلام سيفوظه الناس مهما كان هذا في موقع
+
+252
+00:21:21,110 --> 00:21:23,730
+أيه هو منصب فالآن اللعبة الجديدة اللي بيلعبوها هي
+
+253
+00:21:23,730 --> 00:21:26,930
+لعبة ان هم بتبنوا الدين هم أصحاب الدين هم أفكار
+
+254
+00:21:26,930 --> 00:21:30,090
+أصحاب الفكر الأصيل واللي بيفهموا الدين الفهم
+
+255
+00:21:30,090 --> 00:21:33,450
+السليم والصحيح وغيرهم من الجماعات والأحزاب
+
+256
+00:21:33,450 --> 00:21:39,100
+والاتجاهات الأخرىهؤلاء يدعون الدين ويتمسحون بالدين
+
+257
+00:21:39,100 --> 00:21:44,280
+ويستغلون الدين لأن هؤلاء يستغلون الدين أما هم لا
+
+258
+00:21:44,280 --> 00:21:47,640
+يستغلون الدين هم الذين يستغلون الدين في تسويق
+
+259
+00:21:47,640 --> 00:21:50,880
+أنفسهم وهم لا يفهمون من الدين شيئا
+
+260
+00:21:53,570 --> 00:21:57,070
+إذن هذه القضية أخوات من القضايا الخطيرة اللي يعمل
+
+261
+00:21:57,070 --> 00:22:00,370
+عليها هؤلاء المستشرقون ويعاونهم في ذلك أهل التغريب
+
+262
+00:22:00,370 --> 00:22:04,490
+ومن قبل المباشرين والاستعمار من وراء كل هؤلاء
+
+263
+00:22:04,490 --> 00:22:10,150
+لتبقى السيطرة الكاملة للغرب وعلى رأسه أمريكا اليوم
+
+264
+00:22:10,150 --> 00:22:14,650
+الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في عالم العالم التي
+
+265
+00:22:14,650 --> 00:22:20,070
+تتبنها وتقود بها العالم وتسيطر بها على العالم
+
+266
+00:22:20,070 --> 00:22:26,450
+تلاتةوهذه أيضا من أهدافهم في هذه الأبحاث والدراسات
+
+267
+00:22:26,450 --> 00:22:41,090
+بارك
+
+268
+00:22:41,090 --> 00:22:46,180
+الله فيكو نحن نتحدث عن العامل الأول أو الهدف الأول
+
+269
+00:22:46,180 --> 00:22:50,340
+من أهدافهم وهو اكتشاف مواطن القوة في الشعوب عشان
+
+270
+00:22:50,340 --> 00:22:53,800
+يحاولوا يضعفوا هذه المواطن و وجدوا ان من مواطن
+
+271
+00:22:53,800 --> 00:23:02,370
+القوةالوحدة الذي يقوي المسلمين هو عقيدتهم ووحدتهم
+
+272
+00:23:02,370 --> 00:23:06,150
+فبدوا يشككوا في العقيدة ويحولوا حولها شبهات
+
+273
+00:23:06,150 --> 00:23:11,010
+ويعملوا على تفريق الأمة ووحدتها كيف يفرقون هذه
+
+274
+00:23:11,010 --> 00:23:16,860
+الوحدة العالمية للأمة؟وإن هذه أمتكم أمة واحدة هذه
+
+275
+00:23:16,860 --> 00:23:20,380
+الأمة أمة واحدة وامة عالمية وما أرسلناك إلا رحمة
+
+276
+00:23:20,380 --> 00:23:24,620
+للعالمين للعالمين نذيرا للناس كافة الإسلام عالمي
+
+277
+00:23:24,620 --> 00:23:28,680
+عظيم كل من هو مسلم في الشرق والغرب في العالم هو
+
+278
+00:23:28,680 --> 00:23:33,180
+أخو للمسلم شوف هالعالمية لهذا الدين هذه الوحدة هذا
+
+279
+00:23:33,180 --> 00:23:37,400
+التآلف عملوا على تفتيته من خلال الدعوات التي
+
+280
+00:23:37,400 --> 00:23:42,590
+سوقوها في العالم الإسلامي مثل القوميةالقومية يعني
+
+281
+00:23:42,590 --> 00:23:46,210
+العرب لوحدهم، مالهمش علاقة بغيرهم من المسلمين غير
+
+282
+00:23:46,210 --> 00:23:49,430
+العرب الفرس لوحدهم، الأتراك لوحدهم، الأكراد
+
+283
+00:23:49,430 --> 00:23:54,010
+لوحدهم، القومية التركية وكذا تعمل نزاعات وحروب بين
+
+284
+00:23:54,010 --> 00:23:58,730
+أصحاب القوميات المختلفة وقد اكتوت بنارة أوروبا من
+
+285
+00:23:58,730 --> 00:24:02,370
+قبل، وحنتكلم على الكلام هذا بالتفصيل لما نتكلم على
+
+286
+00:24:02,370 --> 00:24:07,730
+القومية بل وقزموا القمر أكثر وأكثر فدعوا إلى
+
+287
+00:24:07,730 --> 00:24:11,340
+الوطنيةالدعوة الوطنية هذه اللي بتغنى بيها البعض
+
+288
+00:24:11,340 --> 00:24:15,980
+والوطنية لنائب الوطنية كروح كلنا وطنيين وكلنا ندفع
+
+289
+00:24:15,980 --> 00:24:19,720
+الوطن ونحب أوطانا ليس هذا المقصود وإنما كرابط
+
+290
+00:24:19,720 --> 00:24:25,620
+وكجامع بديل عن الإسلاملجوا إلى القوم الوطني يعني
+
+291
+00:24:25,620 --> 00:24:29,600
+كل واحد يهتم بوطنه بس وماعنوش دعوة بالوطن الآخر
+
+292
+00:24:29,600 --> 00:24:33,080
+فلسطين للفلسطينيين مصر للمصريين لا علاقة ماحدش
+
+293
+00:24:33,080 --> 00:24:36,960
+يتدخل في شغل آخر وكل واحد لوحده لأن هذا تفرقت
+
+294
+00:24:36,960 --> 00:24:41,840
+الأمة وتمزقت بعد ما كانت أمة واحدةالان أصبحت
+
+295
+00:24:41,840 --> 00:24:46,980
+قوميات ثم اتصغرت أقل فأقل فأصبحت وطنيات كل واحد في
+
+296
+00:24:46,980 --> 00:24:50,560
+وطن ومالوش دعوة في الوطن الأخر و الواحد صفق وفرح
+
+297
+00:24:50,560 --> 00:24:53,700
+لهذا الأمر فاكر أن الدعوة الوطنية أمر كويس و
+
+298
+00:24:53,700 --> 00:24:57,020
+القومية أمر كويس طب الوطنية و القومية إذا ما قيصت
+
+299
+00:24:57,020 --> 00:25:01,580
+إلى الدعوة الإسلامية و الوحدة الإسلامية لا تساوي
+
+300
+00:25:01,580 --> 00:25:05,220
+شيء هذه الوطنية و هذه القومية أمام هذه الدعوة
+
+301
+00:25:05,220 --> 00:25:10,000
+العالمية مع اهتمامنا بالوطن و القوملنعني عدم
+
+302
+00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:13,120
+الاهتمام بالوطن بل من أولوياتنا الوطن و الاهتمام
+
+303
+00:25:13,120 --> 00:25:16,880
+كل واحد يهتم بوطن و يصلح وطن هذا أولوياته مهمة لكن
+
+304
+00:25:16,880 --> 00:25:21,840
+ليس هي فقر التي تجمعنا و لا يجمعنا في جامعة أقوى
+
+305
+00:25:21,840 --> 00:25:25,860
+منها و أكبر منها و أول و قبل كل شيء هو الجامعة
+
+306
+00:25:25,860 --> 00:25:29,820
+الإسلامية الجامعة الإسلامية مش بغزة جامعة يعني
+
+307
+00:25:29,820 --> 00:25:33,920
+الرابطة اللي بتربط المسلمين و كان في فكرة روضت
+
+308
+00:25:33,920 --> 00:25:39,210
+رجال الإصلاح قديمايعني منذ ما طلع القرن العشرين أن
+
+309
+00:25:39,210 --> 00:25:44,870
+تكون هناك جامعة إسلامية تجمع المسلمين فسمع الغرب
+
+310
+00:25:44,870 --> 00:25:48,270
+والشرق والاستعمار في ذلك ولقب هذه الفكرة فتداعوا
+
+311
+00:25:48,270 --> 00:25:52,750
+الجميع لوائد هذه الفكرة وقالوا مدام هم مصممين
+
+312
+00:25:52,750 --> 00:25:56,170
+وبدهم وعندهم هذا الاتجاه والاستعداد نعملهم حاجة بس
+
+313
+00:25:56,170 --> 00:26:01,730
+أقل خطر عليه نعملهم جامعة عربية تجمعهمفأنشأوه
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+314
+00:26:01,730 --> 00:26:05,590
+الجامعة العربية هما قاموا بإنشاء الجامعة بديلا عن
+
+315
+00:26:05,590 --> 00:26:09,090
+الجامعة الإسلامية لتبقى القضية القومية هي العرقص
+
+316
+00:26:09,090 --> 00:26:12,710
+الأولوية مش الإسلامية أنا بتخوفهم الإسلامية يعني
+
+317
+00:26:12,710 --> 00:26:18,510
+عالمية يعني في خطر عليهم في إعادة للخلافة والوحدة
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+318
+00:26:18,510 --> 00:26:24,450
+الإسلامية اللي اكتوى الغرب بنارها من قبل وكانت حجر
+
+319
+00:26:24,450 --> 00:26:32,190
+عثرة أمام لقدومهم وتحقيق أهدافهموهذا أحد القساوس
+
+320
+00:26:32,190 --> 00:26:36,850
+الكبار سيمون بيقول إن الوحدة الإسلامية تجمع أمال
+
+321
+00:26:36,850 --> 00:26:41,170
+الشعوب الصمر العرب وغير العرب والمسلمين وتساعدهم
+
+322
+00:26:41,170 --> 00:26:45,350
+على التملص من السيطرة الأوروبية يعرفوا هذا الكلام
+
+323
+00:26:45,350 --> 00:26:49,810
+وهذا الخطر فعملوا على تفتيت هذه الوحدة العامل
+
+324
+00:26:49,810 --> 00:26:55,230
+الثالث عفوا للدافع الثالث والهدف الثالث للاستشراق
+
+325
+00:26:55,230 --> 00:27:01,490
+والمستشريق��ن هو الدافعالسياسي نريد ان نتبين و نرى
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+326
+00:27:01,490 --> 00:27:06,850
+كيف ظهر هذا الدافع ورا الدراسات الاستشراقي مش
+
+327
+00:27:06,850 --> 00:27:13,230
+علاقتهم بالدراسات الاستشراقية علاقة الدافع السياسي
+
+328
+00:27:13,230 --> 00:27:19,290
+بالدراسات الاستشراقية طبعا هذا الدافع ظهر على
+
+329
+00:27:19,290 --> 00:27:26,950
+النحو التالي انهالاستعمار استعمر واحتل بلدان
+
+330
+00:27:26,950 --> 00:27:30,750
+اسلامية وعربية كثيرة في القرنين التاسع عشر
+
+331
+00:27:30,750 --> 00:27:38,130
+والعشرين مما اضطر الاستعمار إلى انيعين موظفين له
+
+332
+00:27:38,130 --> 00:27:43,190
+في هذه البلدان لتسيير الأعمال هؤلاء موظفين
+
+333
+00:27:43,190 --> 00:27:47,270
+الاستعمار وإقلاقه من المستعمرين أنفسهم طب هدولة
+
+334
+00:27:47,270 --> 00:27:50,570
+بدهم يختلطوا في الناس و في أهل البلد فلابد أن
+
+335
+00:27:50,570 --> 00:27:56,750
+يتعلموا لغاتهعشان يتقنوها ومن تعلم لغة قوما امن
+
+336
+00:27:56,750 --> 00:28:01,450
+مقراهم يعني ماخدين بهذا القول و هذه المقول فيدهم
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+337
+00:28:01,450 --> 00:28:07,190
+يتعلموا هذه اللغة حتى يستطيعوا ان يتحدثوا مع أهل
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+338
+00:28:07,190 --> 00:28:10,950
+هذه البلاد و مش بس اللغة اللغة و الأداب و التاريخ
+
+339
+00:28:10,950 --> 00:28:15,130
+و التراث و غيرهم يكونوا مطالعين على كل هذه
+
+340
+00:28:15,130 --> 00:28:20,560
+المجالات هذا في ظل وجود الاستعمار و الاحتلالوبعد
+
+341
+00:28:20,560 --> 00:28:24,400
+ما رحل الاستعمار والاحتلال ايش الان اصبح الو
+
+342
+00:28:24,400 --> 00:28:28,460
+هالرحلة بالكلية ولا فيه اللوباقية وضايل فيه ناس
+
+343
+00:28:28,460 --> 00:28:36,240
+وكذا اه تفضلأبقى له قنصوليات واسفارات ورجال في هذه
+
+344
+00:28:36,240 --> 00:28:39,480
+البلاء البلدان المزادة طبعا من الدراسات
+
+345
+00:28:39,480 --> 00:28:42,820
+الاستشراقية فهدولاء يعني في القنصوليات والاسفارات
+
+346
+00:28:42,820 --> 00:28:46,220
+محتاجين برضه إلى التعامل مع أهل هذه البلاد
+
+347
+00:28:46,220 --> 00:28:50,060
+وبالتالي هم بحاجة إلى مين؟ إلى دراسات من هؤلاء
+
+348
+00:28:50,060 --> 00:28:55,130
+المستشرقين يطلعوهم على أحوال وأوضاعهذه البلاد بارك
+
+349
+00:28:55,130 --> 00:28:57,510
+الله فيك يعني في الحالتين في حال وجود الاستعمار هو
+
+350
+00:28:57,510 --> 00:29:02,050
+بحاجة إلى المستشرقين ليعرف لغات وأداب وتواريخ
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+351
+00:29:02,050 --> 00:29:06,970
+وتاريخ وترث هذه الشعوب وكذلك حتى بعد ما رحل هناك
+
+352
+00:29:06,970 --> 00:29:11,950
+من ينوب عنه وفي سفارات وقنصليات يحتاجون إلى نفس
+
+353
+00:29:11,950 --> 00:29:17,790
+الأمر فما هي المهام الموكلة لرجال السفارات
+
+354
+00:29:17,790 --> 00:29:21,850
+والقنصلياتالجامعات الاجتماعية والأدب والسياسة
+
+355
+00:29:21,850 --> 00:29:24,830
+واصلاحها بقى وإضافة إلى إعادة الموارد أواصلها بقى
+
+356
+00:29:25,280 --> 00:29:29,860
+إذن هذه أول مهمة له أن يتصل هؤلاء اللي في
+
+357
+00:29:29,860 --> 00:29:35,580
+القنصليات والسفارات في البلدان الإسلامية والعربية
+
+358
+00:29:35,580 --> 00:29:42,200
+برجال الفكر الأدب السياسة الصحافة وهؤلاء هم يعني
+
+359
+00:29:42,200 --> 00:29:47,140
+أغلب من يؤثر في هذه الشعوب الناس كلها تسمع لأهل
+
+360
+00:29:47,140 --> 00:29:50,560
+الفكر والأدب والسياسة ومتعبئ أخبار وأحداث و بتقرأ
+
+361
+00:29:50,560 --> 00:29:58,650
+جرائد ومجلاتفهؤلاء يتأثرون بهؤلاء المستعمرين في
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+362
+00:29:58,650 --> 00:30:02,550
+بلدانهم فيقوم بالاتصال معاهم وإقامة علاقات كمان
+
+363
+00:30:02,550 --> 00:30:09,470
+وادية وصداقة معاهم الأمر الآخر الثاني اتفضل يا
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+364
+00:30:09,470 --> 00:30:12,430
+عزيزي الاتصال بالعملاء والجراء الذين تربوا في
+
+365
+00:30:12,430 --> 00:30:17,050
+أحتان الغربفي ناس تربوا في أحضان الغرب و جاءوا إلى
+
+366
+00:30:17,050 --> 00:30:20,770
+بلدانهم و دائما مذكور مثال بتاع حسين و رفعت تحتاه
+
+367
+00:30:20,770 --> 00:30:25,990
+و قاسم أمين و غيرهم من هؤلاء الاستشراقيين العرب او
+
+368
+00:30:25,990 --> 00:30:28,650
+المستشراقيين العرب و اهل التغريب و دعاة التغريب
+
+369
+00:30:28,650 --> 00:30:34,600
+كذلك فهؤلاء يقومون بالاتصال بهؤلاءوالتواصل معهم
+
+370
+00:30:34,600 --> 00:30:38,120
+وعملاءهم طبعا كمان من النوع الآخر عملاء الاستعمار
+
+371
+00:30:38,120 --> 00:30:41,940
+يعني اللي بلغتنا الجواسيس خطأ هم عملاء لأن الجاسوس
+
+372
+00:30:41,940 --> 00:30:46,480
+اللي بيقوم يتجسس لصالح بلده بلده لكن هؤلاء عملاء
+
+373
+00:30:46,480 --> 00:30:51,120
+لهذا الاستعمار واجراء له كما رأينا في الصنف الأول
+
+374
+00:30:51,120 --> 00:30:58,380
+من أصناف أتباع الغزو الفكري الاجراء النقطة الثالثة
+
+375
+00:30:58,380 --> 00:31:02,580
+تفضل أختكالثورات والانقلابات السياسية والاجتماعية
+
+376
+00:31:02,580 --> 00:31:07,380
+والثقافية في العالم الإسلامي برك الله فيك وقد مرت
+
+377
+00:31:07,380 --> 00:31:11,600
+فترة على العالم العربي والإسلامي يا أخوات يعني مش
+
+378
+00:31:11,600 --> 00:31:16,160
+ملاحج انقلابات عسكرية قبل أن يستقر الحكم على ما
+
+379
+00:31:16,160 --> 00:31:23,220
+استقر عليه من الأنظمة البائدة الباديعني بعضها
+
+380
+00:31:23,220 --> 00:31:27,180
+والبعض الأخر شاء الله على الطريق قبل أن تستقر هذه
+
+381
+00:31:27,180 --> 00:31:32,140
+الأنظمة كل سنة وتانية كانوا يقود الاستعمار انقلاب
+
+382
+00:31:32,140 --> 00:31:36,440
+ضد حاكم ضد نظام ضد كذا فهم كانوا ورا هذه
+
+383
+00:31:36,440 --> 00:31:40,640
+الانقلابات وهذه الثورات وغالبا ما كانوا يثيرون
+
+384
+00:31:40,640 --> 00:31:46,140
+الفتن والقلاقل بين هذه الشهور ولا زالوا يمارسون
+
+385
+00:31:46,140 --> 00:31:51,850
+نفس الدور اليوم في كثير من البلدانووراء كل هؤلاء
+
+386
+00:31:51,850 --> 00:31:55,370
+يهود في النهاية كما وصفهم الله تعالى كلما أوقضوا
+
+387
+00:31:55,370 --> 00:32:00,030
+نارا للحرب أطفاءها الله كلما بدل على المبالغة أو
+
+388
+00:32:00,030 --> 00:32:04,030
+الكثرة كلما أوقضت يعني مش مرة و تنتين و تلاتة كلما
+
+389
+00:32:04,030 --> 00:32:09,140
+.. هذا بدل على الكثرة و المبالغةكلما أوقضوا نارا
+
+390
+00:32:09,140 --> 00:32:13,480
+للحرب أطفأها الله ويسعون في الأرض فسادة هؤلاء
+
+391
+00:32:13,480 --> 00:32:21,440
+اليهود اللي يقودوا هذه الطرابات
+
+392
+00:32:21,440 --> 00:32:28,180
+والفتن والقلاقل والدعوات إلى الفرقة بدل الوحدة
+
+393
+00:32:28,180 --> 00:32:35,380
+كذلك أيضا من مهام الرجال السفرات الموكلة إليهم ميم
+
+394
+00:32:35,380 --> 00:32:40,880
+الأخوات ماسمعناشبنت الدسائس السياسية والتدريجية
+
+395
+00:32:40,880 --> 00:32:43,480
+للتطبيق بين الدول العربية بعضهم مع بعض وبين الدول
+
+396
+00:32:43,480 --> 00:32:47,540
+العربية ودول الإسلامية حتى بين الدول كان مش في
+
+397
+00:32:47,540 --> 00:32:50,060
+الدولة الواحدة الان احنا اتكلمنا في الدولة الواحدة
+
+398
+00:32:50,060 --> 00:32:54,160
+انقلابات العسكرية وفي دولة و بين طواقف كمان بين
+
+399
+00:32:54,160 --> 00:32:59,280
+الأنظمةلم نشهد حتى في اجتماعات القمم العربية
+
+400
+00:32:59,280 --> 00:33:04,440
+واجتماعات جامعة الدول العربية وكل الاجتماعات اللي
+
+401
+00:33:04,440 --> 00:33:09,240
+كانت تحدث بين العرب ماكننا نرى اتفاقا بل نرى دائما
+
+402
+00:33:09,240 --> 00:33:16,430
+اختلافات وقال ما يتفقونوكان الشعار الساخر الذي كنا
+
+403
+00:33:16,430 --> 00:33:21,650
+نردده دائما اتفق العرب على اللي لا يتفقون
+
+404
+00:33:30,400 --> 00:33:35,700
+ان لا يتفقوا هذا الذي كانوا يتفقون عليه وهذا كله
+
+405
+00:33:35,700 --> 00:33:43,300
+يعني بسبب التسائس السياسية والفكرية وكل حزب بما
+
+406
+00:33:43,300 --> 00:33:46,820
+لديه الفرحون من الدعاوى اللي كان يتبناها كل واحد
+
+407
+00:33:46,820 --> 00:33:51,600
+منهم وهذا اشتراكي وهذا بعثي وهذا قومي وهذا وطني
+
+408
+00:33:51,600 --> 00:33:59,570
+وهذا ديمقراطييعني أحزاب ودعاوى ومبادئ ما أنزل الله
+
+409
+00:33:59,570 --> 00:34:02,990
+بيها من سلطان ليست من هذا الدين بل كلها يعني
+
+410
+00:34:02,990 --> 00:34:11,690
+مستوردة من الغرب أيضا من الدوافع دافع
+
+411
+00:34:11,690 --> 00:34:15,890
+الاقتصادي والتجاري رابع هذه الدوافع دافع الاقتصادي
+
+412
+00:34:15,890 --> 00:34:24,230
+والتجاري حيث اللي الاستعمارو الاحتلال في كل زمان و
+
+413
+00:34:24,230 --> 00:34:28,490
+مكان مطامع أخرى غير المطامع و الأهداف اللي ذكرناها
+
+414
+00:34:28,490 --> 00:34:34,630
+هو أن ينهب خيرات البلاد التي يحتلها و يستعمر هذه
+
+415
+00:34:34,630 --> 00:34:38,190
+الدول العربية و الإسلامية فيها خيرات و فيها ثروات
+
+416
+00:34:38,190 --> 00:34:41,210
+و فيها petrol خاصة في العصر الحديث لما انظهر ال
+
+417
+00:34:41,210 --> 00:34:45,840
+petrol فكان مطمع كبيرلهؤلاء فكان برضه من الدوافع
+
+418
+00:34:45,840 --> 00:34:51,620
+والاهداف هذا الدافع الاقتصادي والتجاري طب لماذا
+
+419
+00:34:51,620 --> 00:34:57,260
+هذا الدافع وماذا أهميته الذي يسعى اليه الغرب لماذا
+
+420
+00:34:57,260 --> 00:35:03,300
+يسعى الى هذا الدافع تفضل اختكأول حاجة بارك الله
+
+421
+00:35:03,300 --> 00:35:06,660
+فيك هذه الثروات و هذه المعادن و هذا ال .. بيحتاجوا
+
+422
+00:35:06,660 --> 00:35:10,080
+الغرب في تطوير صناعة يسموها المواد الخام اللي
+
+423
+00:35:10,080 --> 00:35:18,040
+بحاجة إلى الصناعة الغربية إليه اتنين أيضا حتى
+
+424
+00:35:18,040 --> 00:35:21,720
+شعوب المنطقة أهل هذه الخيارات و الثروات يحرموا منه
+
+425
+00:35:21,720 --> 00:35:25,980
+ياخدها الغرب و يستغل تلاتة .. فضلوا
+
+426
+00:35:31,070 --> 00:35:34,370
+لتوسع الغرب في تجارة باسطلاعه على الأسواق
+
+427
+00:35:34,370 --> 00:35:37,090
+التجارية، سهول اللي بتحكم بالأسواق التجارية وهو
+
+428
+00:35:37,090 --> 00:35:42,770
+اللي بيفرض الضرائب عليها والجمالك وغيرها بعد حرمان
+
+429
+00:35:42,770 --> 00:35:49,580
+المسلمين منها، وفي نفس الوقت وأمر خطير مهمإنه يقضي
+
+430
+00:35:49,580 --> 00:35:52,480
+على الصناعات المحلية أهل البلاد يحرموا من خيرات
+
+431
+00:35:52,480 --> 00:35:57,220
+البلاد وبيستغلها وبيستفيد منها الآخرون والغرب
+
+432
+00:35:57,220 --> 00:36:01,300
+بالاستعمار وبالتالي مافي صناعات محلية بيصير وكلنا
+
+433
+00:36:01,300 --> 00:36:05,300
+بنعرف إن العرب لا يصنعونا شيئا يذكر يعني أمام
+
+434
+00:36:05,300 --> 00:36:08,720
+الصناعات المهولة اللي بيصنعها الغرب وللأسف كل ما
+
+435
+00:36:08,720 --> 00:36:12,420
+نقول نقطة نحزن عليها بنقول وللأسف لأن الأصل أن
+
+436
+00:36:12,420 --> 00:36:18,140
+نكون نحن المسلمين سباقين ومتفوقين على غيرنا وعلى
+
+437
+00:36:18,140 --> 00:36:24,270
+أعداءومن هنا يا أخواته لهذه الأغراض والأهداف عمد
+
+438
+00:36:24,270 --> 00:36:28,530
+المستشرقون إلى السفر إلى البلدان الإسلامية نفس
+
+439
+00:36:28,530 --> 00:36:32,490
+المستشرقين بدل ما يقعد يكتب ويعمل فيه كثير منهم
+
+440
+00:36:32,490 --> 00:36:36,830
+سافر إلى البلدان عشان يدرس تاريخها وجغرافيتها
+
+441
+00:36:36,830 --> 00:36:43,690
+وطبيعتها الزراعية والبشرية وينقل ذلك لسيد المستعمر
+
+442
+00:36:43,690 --> 00:36:51,840
+الذي يعني هو خادم لهما هي نتائج هذا الدافع وثمراته
+
+443
+00:36:51,840 --> 00:36:55,100
+بعد نهب هذه الثورات او التفكير في نهبها و السيطرة
+
+444
+00:36:55,100 --> 00:37:00,780
+عليها وكذا وكذا ايش بدوا يكون الاهداف التي يسعى من
+
+445
+00:37:00,780 --> 00:37:03,660
+وراها انا متطلع في وجوه جديدة انا مش لاجئ كتير
+
+446
+00:37:03,660 --> 00:37:08,080
+اتفضل يعني
+
+447
+00:37:08,080 --> 00:37:14,620
+صارت مصالح ��لمسلمين اموال يراداته ثرواتهمرؤوس
+
+448
+00:37:14,620 --> 00:37:20,440
+أموال كلها في البنوك الأجنب استثماراتهم كلها في
+
+449
+00:37:20,440 --> 00:37:24,540
+البنوك الغربية والأجنبية وليس في بلدها لأن مافيش
+
+450
+00:37:24,540 --> 00:37:28,540
+عندهم حاجة يستثمروها أو يعملوها كلها في يد الغرب
+
+451
+00:37:28,540 --> 00:37:32,500
+ويستفيد منها ألغر الدافع الخامس والأخير بإن أن
+
+452
+00:37:32,500 --> 00:37:35,780
+ننهي محاضرتنا هو الدافع العلمي وهو آخر الدوافع
+
+453
+00:37:35,780 --> 00:37:40,200
+ذكران مع أن الأصل أن يكون هو أول الدوافعوعلى رأس
+
+454
+00:37:40,200 --> 00:37:44,080
+الدوافع واسمعوا هذه المعلومة أو بعض المعلومات
+
+455
+00:37:44,080 --> 00:37:49,220
+الدقيقة نقول هناك قلة نركز على كلمة قلة قلة من
+
+456
+00:37:49,220 --> 00:37:54,640
+المستشرقين من درسوا الإسلام وعلوم الإسلام بدافع
+
+457
+00:37:54,640 --> 00:38:00,400
+الرغبة في الإطلاع على الإسلام وحضارته ولكن هؤلاء
+
+458
+00:38:00,400 --> 00:38:05,640
+كما قلنا ما لهم قلةالأغلب والأكثر درس الإسلام
+
+459
+00:38:05,640 --> 00:38:09,040
+للطعن فيه وتشويه بس هنا قلة قال بدأ أدرس هذا
+
+460
+00:38:09,040 --> 00:38:11,900
+الإسلام أشوف ما .. يعني هو انطلق من البحث عن
+
+461
+00:38:11,900 --> 00:38:16,420
+الحقيقة وعن الحقوقد اتبعت هذه القلة الموضوعية
+
+462
+00:38:16,420 --> 00:38:20,640
+والحيدة والاعتدال كما هو متبع في المنهج العلمي
+
+463
+00:38:20,640 --> 00:38:27,040
+ولذلك فإن نفرا منهم من هذه القلة التي اتبعت
+
+464
+00:38:27,040 --> 00:38:32,240
+الموضوعية اعترف بأن المبادئ الإسلامية تتفق مع
+
+465
+00:38:32,240 --> 00:38:37,500
+الحقائق العلمية والعقلية والمنطقية ولا تتعارض معها
+
+466
+00:38:37,500 --> 00:38:43,030
+كما تعارضت نصوصالكتاب المقدس المحرف عندهم و اللي
+
+467
+00:38:43,030 --> 00:38:47,150
+كان بتبنيها رجال الكنيسة و حاربوا من أجل لها العلم
+
+468
+00:38:47,150 --> 00:38:51,850
+و العلماء فهذا المستشرق Thomas Arnold من
+
+469
+00:38:51,850 --> 00:38:55,790
+الموضوعيين .. المستشرقين الموضوعيين أنصف المسلمين
+
+470
+00:38:55,790 --> 00:39:01,670
+في كتاب له اسمه دعوة إلى الإسلامو بعض المستشريقين
+
+471
+00:39:01,670 --> 00:39:08,510
+من هؤلاء أعلن إسلامه مثل مستشريق النمساوي Leopold
+
+472
+00:39:08,510 --> 00:39:12,930
+Weiss اللي سمى نفسه بعده كان محمد أسد شعر هذا
+
+473
+00:39:12,930 --> 00:39:17,370
+الاسم و في شعر ألمان اسمه Joutet و مستشريق فرنسي
+
+474
+00:39:17,370 --> 00:39:22,010
+Watine Renéوسمى نفسه ناصر الدين و الدكتور جرنلي
+
+475
+00:39:22,010 --> 00:39:26,370
+كان عضو بمجلس النواب الفرنسي و آخر هذه الأسماء
+
+476
+00:39:26,370 --> 00:39:31,790
+المذكورة عندنا روجيه جارو دي وهذا الرجل مات تحديثا
+
+477
+00:39:31,790 --> 00:39:38,430
+يعني من شهر لسهأسلم ودوّن عدة كتب دافع فيها عن
+
+478
+00:39:38,430 --> 00:39:42,230
+الإسلام أولا وحضارة الإسلام وكذلك عن حق
+
+479
+00:39:42,230 --> 00:39:49,130
+الفلسطينيين و هو في وطنهم فلسطين و هو من أثبت زيف
+
+480
+00:39:49,130 --> 00:39:54,550
+و كذب ادعاء اليهود في المحرقة التي تعرضوا لها أثبت
+
+481
+00:39:54,550 --> 00:40:01,030
+هذا الكذب و هذا الزيف من هذه الهالة اللي اليهود
+
+482
+00:40:01,030 --> 00:40:05,190
+صنعوها حول هذه المعركة والمعروف بالـ Holocaust
+
+483
+00:40:05,190 --> 00:40:11,070
+اللي اتعرض له اليهود و جاب وثائق و أثبت انه مافيش
+
+484
+00:40:11,070 --> 00:40:15,890
+محارق بهذه الصورة اللي ضخمها اليهود في الإعلام و
+
+485
+00:40:15,890 --> 00:40:20,430
+صوروها للغرب كان فيه المضطهدات و بستهلوا فيها لأنه
+
+486
+00:40:20,430 --> 00:40:24,390
+كانوا مفسدين و كانوا ورق قلاق الواء الاخر لكن لم
+
+487
+00:40:24,390 --> 00:40:29,530
+يتعرضوا إلى ما هولوه و ضخموه و صوروه في الإعلام و
+
+488
+00:40:29,530 --> 00:40:32,430
+أثبت ذلك من الوث��ئق حتى اليهود طبعا اغتعظوا منهم
+
+489
+00:40:32,920 --> 00:40:36,680
+ورفعوا عليه قضية في المحكمة الدولية وانا استمعت
+
+490
+00:40:36,680 --> 00:40:42,140
+إلى الخبر يعني في أيام اذيع وكان على الجزيرة ان
+
+491
+00:40:42,140 --> 00:40:47,320
+اليهود يطالبون بمحاكمة ومقاضاة روجيه جارودي على
+
+492
+00:40:47,320 --> 00:40:51,620
+مدعاه لأنه يكذب دولة هذا كان بيكذب دولة كامة مش
+
+493
+00:40:51,620 --> 00:40:55,160
+مكذب شخص ولا بيرد على واحد بيكذب دولة كامة اسمها
+
+494
+00:40:55,160 --> 00:41:00,440
+اسرائيلمقبولة في العالم الغربي كيف انت بتكذبها و
+
+495
+00:41:00,440 --> 00:41:05,800
+بتثبت انها كاذبة وتتدعيها للأمر ولا ادري اين وصل
+
+496
+00:41:05,800 --> 00:41:13,520
+الحكم في هذه القضية هذا الكلام اللذي ذكرناه
+
+497
+00:41:13,520 --> 00:41:19,000
+المتعلق بالاستشراق ودوافع واهداف المستشرقين نتوقف
+
+498
+00:41:19,000 --> 00:41:23,440
+عند وسائل الاستشراق وهي وسائل كثيرة وعديدة ان شاء
+
+499
+00:41:23,440 --> 00:41:27,400
+الله في المحاضرة القادمة بإذن الله والسلام عليكم
+
+500
+00:41:27,400 --> 00:41:28,860
+ورحمة الله وبركاته
+

PL9fwy3NUQKwZZ8ASUiLEKVKvwcEdfmB_y/FV7pmFSp_vY.srt

@@ -0,0 +1,1605 @@
+
+1
+00:00:20,150 --> 00:00:24,130
+الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف
+
+2
+00:00:24,130 --> 00:00:28,930
+الخلق وسيد المرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه
+
+3
+00:00:28,930 --> 00:00:33,810
+أجمعين اللهم لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا إنك أنت
+
+4
+00:00:33,810 --> 00:00:38,650
+العليم الحكيم اللهم علمنا ما ينفعنا وانفعنا بما
+
+5
+00:00:38,650 --> 00:00:44,850
+علمتنا وازيدنا علم أمين رب العالمين أما بعد كان
+
+6
+00:00:44,850 --> 00:00:47,630
+الحديث يا أخوات في المحاضرة الماضية حول وسائل
+
+7
+00:00:47,630 --> 00:00:53,790
+التغريب و هي وسائل أربع نذكرنا فيها يا أخوات فضل
+
+8
+00:00:53,790 --> 00:01:01,590
+العلمانية و القومية و المرأة و العولة ثم بدأنا
+
+9
+00:01:01,590 --> 00:01:07,730
+الحديث عنأول وسائل التغريب وهي العلمانية عرفنا
+
+10
+00:01:07,730 --> 00:01:13,490
+فيها معنى العلمانية لغة واصلاح وأساس واصل هذه
+
+11
+00:01:13,490 --> 00:01:18,490
+الكلمة عند أصحابها وأهلها الذين قالوا ونادوا بها
+
+12
+00:01:18,490 --> 00:01:25,190
+وهم الغرب وخلصنا إلى خلاصة مفادها أن العلمانية
+
+13
+00:01:25,190 --> 00:01:33,200
+كلمة علمانية ترجمة غير دقيقة لال secularism هذا
+
+14
+00:01:33,200 --> 00:01:37,700
+المصطلح الأجنبي الغربي لها secularism فلما نأتي
+
+15
+00:01:37,700 --> 00:01:41,740
+نترجم ال secularism إلى العلمانية بتكون ترجمة غير
+
+16
+00:01:41,740 --> 00:01:46,700
+دقيقة وانما الترجمة الدقيقة والصحيحة والاصلية لهذه
+
+17
+00:01:46,700 --> 00:01:52,660
+الكلمة secularism هي إيه؟ اللادينية وليس العلمانية
+
+18
+00:01:52,660 --> 00:01:58,700
+ولكن لماذا ركزوا على كلمة العلمانية بل العلمانية
+
+19
+00:01:58,700 --> 00:02:05,980
+بالكثر؟ليش ركزوا عليها قولنا؟ عشان إيش؟ لأ لنسأل
+
+20
+00:02:05,980 --> 00:02:10,720
+عن أصلها في اللغة، ليش هم تعمدوا وقصدوا أن يترجموا
+
+21
+00:02:10,720 --> 00:02:17,100
+ال secularism بدل لا دينية إلى علمانية؟ ليش؟ أول
+
+22
+00:02:17,100 --> 00:02:19,760
+شيء حتى يرغبوا الناس بيها وحتى لا تكون بمعنى ..
+
+23
+00:02:19,760 --> 00:02:22,660
+المعنى اللا ديني وفيبقى يبتعد الناس عنهبارك الله
+
+24
+00:02:22,660 --> 00:02:25,580
+.. لأن كلمة اللادينية بتصادم مشاعر المسلمين فبدو
+
+25
+00:02:25,580 --> 00:02:28,740
+مش هذا المصادم .. بدو المسلمين يستسيقوها و
+
+26
+00:02:28,740 --> 00:02:33,980
+يستمرقوها و يتقبلوها فلجوا أنسبش إلى العلمانية و
+
+27
+00:02:33,980 --> 00:02:38,160
+كأنهم بيوهموا المسلمين أنها من العلم أو اتجاه علم
+
+28
+00:02:38,160 --> 00:02:45,680
+لكن رأينا العلاقة العلمانية بالعلمو هي يعني
+
+29
+00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:50,800
+العلمية و ليس العلمانية لو أردنا النسبة و هي وجهة
+
+30
+00:02:50,800 --> 00:03:00,620
+نظر و منهج علمىيأتي بالتجارب والخبرات والبحث
+
+31
+00:03:00,620 --> 00:03:04,340
+والاستقرار هذا هو العلم ومنهج العلم لكن العلمانية
+
+32
+00:03:04,340 --> 00:03:12,260
+اللي ترجموها لل secularism التجاه مش علمي لا DNA
+
+33
+00:03:12,260 --> 00:03:17,800
+كما عرفنا في المصطلحات المختلفة وسنرى بعد قليل
+
+34
+00:03:17,800 --> 00:03:23,460
+الآنبعد الحديث عن التعريفات اللغوية والاصطلاحية
+
+35
+00:03:23,460 --> 00:03:28,600
+علاقة العلمانية بالدين وسيظهر لنا يعني ذلك
+
+36
+00:03:28,600 --> 00:03:34,940
+بالتفصيل شكل هذه العلاقة بين العلمانية والدين ومن
+
+37
+00:03:34,940 --> 00:03:40,160
+خلال التعرف على علاقة العلمانية بالعلم بدنا نشوف
+
+38
+00:03:40,160 --> 00:03:44,680
+هل في علاقة أو في نسبة ولا مافيشوكذلك علاقة
+
+39
+00:03:44,680 --> 00:03:49,280
+العلمانية بالأخلاق هذه التلت موضوعات المرتبطة
+
+40
+00:03:49,280 --> 00:03:53,220
+بالعلمانية شوف علاقة العلمانية بكل واحدة منهم
+
+41
+00:03:53,220 --> 00:03:57,480
+علاقة العلمانية بالدين بالعلم بالأخلاق ثم بعد ذلك
+
+42
+00:03:57,480 --> 00:04:04,140
+ننتقل إلى الحديث عن نشأة العلمانية في أوروبا حيكون
+
+43
+00:04:04,140 --> 00:04:09,240
+التركيز يعني عليها ومن ثم بعد ذلك نتعرف على نشأتها
+
+44
+00:04:09,240 --> 00:04:16,000
+في العالم الإسلامي لكن البدايةبالحديث عن النشأة في
+
+45
+00:04:16,000 --> 00:04:23,000
+أوروبا والعالم الغربى أول
+
+46
+00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:27,100
+موضوع في علاقة العلمانية بالأمور الثلاثة التي
+
+47
+00:04:27,100 --> 00:04:32,280
+ذكرناها علاقة العلمانية بالدين وموقف العلمانية من
+
+48
+00:04:32,280 --> 00:04:35,580
+الدين ممكن أن نقول علاقة وممكن أن نقول موقف شوف
+
+49
+00:04:35,580 --> 00:04:40,770
+شكل هذه العلاقة أو شكل هذا الموقف وقد عرفنامن
+
+50
+00:04:40,770 --> 00:04:45,730
+المحاضرة الماضية وقبل قليل في المراجعة السريعة
+
+51
+00:04:45,730 --> 00:04:50,510
+والملخص للمحاضرة الماضية ان كلمة علمانية او
+
+52
+00:04:50,510 --> 00:04:55,150
+العلمانية ترجمة خبيثة مقصودة لأنها غير دقيقة ولا
+
+53
+00:04:55,150 --> 00:05:00,450
+صحيحة لاتجاه ال secularism الغربي يعني هيك مصطلحة
+
+54
+00:05:00,450 --> 00:05:08,610
+في الغرب التي معناها الحقيقي لا دينية او ما ليس
+
+55
+00:05:08,610 --> 00:05:14,750
+بدينيلكن لماذا اختيرت كلمة علمانى كما قلنا ايضا
+
+56
+00:05:14,750 --> 00:05:19,070
+يعني مكرر الكلام بس بيطبط لنا شكل هذه العلاقة
+
+57
+00:05:19,070 --> 00:05:22,370
+لماذا اختاروا كلمة لا دينية لأنها
+
+58
+00:05:25,450 --> 00:05:29,830
+لأن أقل إثارة غير ما يقولوا إحنا لا دينيين وكأننا
+
+59
+00:05:29,830 --> 00:05:32,630
+جايين يخرجوا الناس من دينهم ومين بيقبل؟ واحد يقول
+
+60
+00:05:32,630 --> 00:05:36,290
+أنا بدي أخرجك من دينك حتى لو في النهاية استجاب، بس
+
+61
+00:05:36,290 --> 00:05:39,690
+بيستجيبش بطريقة الاستفزاز والإثارة، واحد يقول لأني
+
+62
+00:05:39,690 --> 00:05:44,550
+بدي أخرجك من .. طب مش خالي، لو بتخرج، بيبطل عنادا،
+
+63
+00:05:44,550 --> 00:05:49,610
+لكن في وسائل وفي طرق وفي أساليب يعني خبيثة وتزيين
+
+64
+00:05:49,610 --> 00:05:56,420
+لهذه المبادئكما رأينا في ملامح خطة التغريب تقوم
+
+65
+00:05:56,420 --> 00:05:58,880
+على تزيين هذه العبارات المدنية والتطور
+
+66
+00:05:58,880 --> 00:06:04,220
+والتكنولوجيا والحضارة وغير ذلك ومنها هذه الكلمة
+
+67
+00:06:04,220 --> 00:06:08,680
+العلمانية وكأنه اتجاههم علمي بدل كلمة اللادينية
+
+68
+00:06:08,680 --> 00:06:13,520
+معناها الحقيقة اذا على ماذا تقوم علاقة العلمانية
+
+69
+00:06:13,520 --> 00:06:19,480
+بالدين؟ هل هي علاقة الانسجام والتوافق ولا علاقة
+
+70
+00:06:19,480 --> 00:06:27,210
+ايش؟ تفضلعلمانية ولا علمانية؟ علمانية صح الألفار
+
+71
+00:06:28,240 --> 00:06:31,200
+بمعنى أنها لا دينية، يعني تقوم بنفي الدين عن
+
+72
+00:06:31,200 --> 00:06:34,240
+الدولة، بمعنى أنك تستطيع أيها المسلم أن تقوم
+
+73
+00:06:34,240 --> 00:06:37,520
+باسقرار داخل المسجد، أن تقيم الشعائر الدينية، ولكن
+
+74
+00:06:37,520 --> 00:06:42,320
+لا تقوم بتطبيق هذه الشعائر داخل الدولة، لأن نظرم
+
+75
+00:06:42,320 --> 00:06:45,400
+الدين الإسلامي أو .. وقصوص الدين الإسلامي لا
+
+76
+00:06:45,400 --> 00:06:49,440
+يتوافق ولا يتطابق مع التكنولوجيا والعصور المتقدمة
+
+77
+00:06:49,440 --> 00:06:52,540
+التي نعيش فيها، بإمكانك أن تصلي في المسجد، ولكن لا
+
+78
+00:06:52,540 --> 00:06:56,060
+تبقى دينك بالحياة السياسية والفكرية والاقتصادية
+
+79
+00:06:56,060 --> 00:06:59,830
+وغيرها.بارك الله فيك يعني كأنه بده من المسلم أو من
+
+80
+00:06:59,830 --> 00:07:05,430
+ينتسب إلى الدين أي أن كان أن يحصر نفسه في المزيد
+
+81
+00:07:05,430 --> 00:07:09,870
+في الصومعة في الكنيسة في كده لأنه أصلا ماتجاه غربي
+
+82
+00:07:09,870 --> 00:07:13,170
+حتى في الغرب هذا الاتجاه يفصل الدين عن الحياة عن
+
+83
+00:07:13,170 --> 00:07:16,370
+الدولة عن السياسة عن الحكم وبالتالي موقفها من
+
+84
+00:07:16,370 --> 00:07:21,450
+الدين هو موقف النفيلهم يعني تقوم على اساس نفي
+
+85
+00:07:21,450 --> 00:07:26,790
+الدين اقصاء الدين عزل الدين نفي اقصاء عزل حصر حصر
+
+86
+00:07:26,790 --> 00:07:30,430
+هذا الدين انه محصور في داخل هذه الأماكن اللي
+
+87
+00:07:30,430 --> 00:07:34,750
+ذكرناها ولا علاقة له بالحياة وما يتعلق بيها
+
+88
+00:07:34,750 --> 00:07:38,450
+السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية وحتى الخلقية زي
+
+89
+00:07:38,450 --> 00:07:42,230
+ما هنشوف بعد قليلفي موقف أو علاقة العلمانية
+
+90
+00:07:42,230 --> 00:07:46,410
+بالأخلاق كمان حتى في الأخلاق مش كل الأخلاق المسموح
+
+91
+00:07:46,410 --> 00:07:50,550
+فيها في هذا الاتجاه و هذا المجال وإن سمح عليها
+
+92
+00:07:50,550 --> 00:07:57,450
+فبالحرية الفردية أو الشخصية لا على أن تكون طابع
+
+93
+00:07:57,450 --> 00:08:02,450
+عام في المجتمع إذا الخلاصة اللي بنعيد و بنزيد فيها
+
+94
+00:08:02,450 --> 00:08:08,240
+و بنكررها و بنأكد عليهاهي أن اللادينية هي أقرب
+
+95
+00:08:08,240 --> 00:08:14,440
+ترجمة لsecularism من كلمات العلمانية وإنما
+
+96
+00:08:14,440 --> 00:08:19,660
+استخدموها يعني استخدامهم لا يدل على خبث مقصود طب
+
+97
+00:08:19,660 --> 00:08:26,530
+نتقل الآن إلى العلاقة الأخرىعلاقة العلمانية بالعلم
+
+98
+00:08:26,530 --> 00:08:30,070
+علاقة العلمانية بالعلم علاقة العلم بالعلم علاقة
+
+99
+00:08:30,070 --> 00:08:40,530
+العلم بالعلم علاقة العلم
+
+100
+00:08:40,530 --> 00:08:49,690
+بالعلمفلم نجد صلة ولا علاقة ولا رابط بين العلمانية
+
+101
+00:08:49,690 --> 00:08:54,530
+ولا حتى العلمانية اللي سموها والعلم ولا علاقة لها
+
+102
+00:08:54,530 --> 00:08:57,390
+ولا تتحدث عن العلم ولا هي مختصة بشؤون العلم ولا
+
+103
+00:08:57,390 --> 00:09:02,430
+يوجد نظر علمية ولا شيء لا في اللغة ولا في الترجمات
+
+104
+00:09:02,430 --> 00:09:06,470
+المختلفة في المعاجم الغربية المختلفة ولكن
+
+105
+00:09:06,470 --> 00:09:09,070
+العلمانيين
+
+106
+00:09:09,740 --> 00:09:13,760
+اللي احنا بنصفهم بالعلمانيين أو العلمانيين يعني
+
+107
+00:09:13,760 --> 00:09:18,600
+على الخلاف دائما بنذكر هذه وهذه بيحاولوا يجهدوا
+
+108
+00:09:18,600 --> 00:09:22,340
+أنفسهم في إيجاد صلة بين هذين اللفظة لا يا عم احنا
+
+109
+00:09:22,340 --> 00:09:26,200
+علميين و اتجاه علمي و مش زي ما انتوا بتفكروا و
+
+110
+00:09:26,200 --> 00:09:29,380
+بتقولوا احنا ضد الدين احنا مش ضد الدين احنا نطرح
+
+111
+00:09:29,380 --> 00:09:33,180
+وجهة نظر علميةيعني ممكن أن تقبلها او لا تقبلها دي
+
+112
+00:09:33,180 --> 00:09:38,740
+وجهة نظر يعني ناسنا معارضين للدين او محاربين للدين
+
+113
+00:09:38,740 --> 00:09:43,040
+هكذا يسويقوا أنفسهم وبيطرحوا أنفسهم وبيحاولوا
+
+114
+00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:50,900
+يلصقوا وينسبوا أنفسهم إلى العلم وطبعا
+
+115
+00:09:50,900 --> 00:09:58,300
+بالبحث الموضوعي والاطلاع على إيه المعنيينليه
+
+116
+00:09:58,300 --> 00:10:02,080
+العلمانية او العلمانية و العلمية بالاصل اذا كانوا
+
+117
+00:10:02,080 --> 00:10:06,720
+علميين انا اقوله العلمية و ليس العلمانية حتى كمان
+
+118
+00:10:06,720 --> 00:10:11,260
+بالكثر ولا العلمانية فما المقصود بالعلمانية كما
+
+119
+00:10:11,260 --> 00:10:15,060
+رأيناها قبل قليل من مقارنة بينها و بين العلمية
+
+120
+00:10:15,060 --> 00:10:20,740
+التي يدعونها ان هم هم يعني علميين و ليسوا يعني لا
+
+121
+00:10:20,740 --> 00:10:26,190
+دينيينفي عنده يعني فارقين واضحين وظاهرين يعني
+
+122
+00:10:26,190 --> 00:10:30,510
+الفرق الأول ان العلمانية كما رأيناها قبل قليل
+
+123
+00:10:30,510 --> 00:10:38,490
+مالها؟ تفضلي يعني
+
+124
+00:10:38,490 --> 00:10:41,350
+هذا ملخص اللي بتكرر جاعد معانا في التعريف عشان
+
+125
+00:10:41,350 --> 00:10:46,230
+بدنا نقارن بين و بي�� العلمية وبالتالي العلمية ماذا
+
+126
+00:10:46,230 --> 00:10:48,110
+تعني؟ اتفضلي
+
+127
+00:10:53,160 --> 00:10:58,180
+بارك الله فيك كلمة علمية نسبة إلى العلم هذه علمية
+
+128
+00:10:58,180 --> 00:11:02,580
+مش يقال علمانية ولا علمانية والوجه النظر العلمية
+
+129
+00:11:02,580 --> 00:11:06,140
+والمنهج العلمي هذا يعني بيحتكم إلى العلم في ضوء
+
+130
+00:11:06,140 --> 00:11:10,580
+الملاحظة والتجربة والاستقراء وغيره هذه يعني أدوات
+
+131
+00:11:10,580 --> 00:11:15,180
+ووسائل العلم الذي يقوم عليه أو التي يقوم عليها
+
+132
+00:11:15,180 --> 00:11:23,160
+العلم فارق آخر أن نجد العلمانية ما لهعن أن يكون أي
+
+133
+00:11:23,160 --> 00:11:26,480
+مصدر أو أن يكون مصدر للتشريعة المختلف في الحكم
+
+134
+00:11:26,480 --> 00:11:31,920
+والسياسة والدولة والحياة كل لكن العلمية تتكلم على
+
+135
+00:11:31,920 --> 00:11:36,580
+أيه يا أخوات تتحدث عن هو اتجاه اللي يحاول معرفة
+
+136
+00:11:36,580 --> 00:11:41,900
+القوانين القوانين القوانين الطبيعية بدرس قوانين
+
+137
+00:11:41,900 --> 00:11:45,840
+الطبيعية هل العلمانية اللي اتعرفنا عليها بمعناها
+
+138
+00:11:45,840 --> 00:11:49,260
+الأصلي والأساسي ال secularism هل هو اتجاه علمي
+
+139
+00:11:49,260 --> 00:11:52,990
+بيدرس قوانين الطبيعةهذا ليس علاقة، هو اتجاه لا
+
+140
+00:11:52,990 --> 00:11:55,750
+ديني بيعزل الدين، بيقصد الدين، بيفصل الدين، لا
+
+141
+00:11:55,750 --> 00:11:59,350
+ديني وهكذا هذه المعاني اللي احنا اتطلعنا عليها
+
+142
+00:11:59,350 --> 00:12:07,860
+وليس هو الاتجاه العلمي كما يدّعونو الرجوع قليلا
+
+143
+00:12:07,860 --> 00:12:12,700
+إلى ما كان عليه المسلمون في أثناء الحضارة
+
+144
+00:12:12,700 --> 00:12:18,600
+الإسلامية و في عز المسلمين و الحكم الإسلامي و
+
+145
+00:12:18,600 --> 00:12:24,720
+الخلافة الإسلامية المتتابعةقرون طويلة قبل أن تسقط
+
+146
+00:12:24,720 --> 00:12:30,640
+في هذا العصر الحديث والقرن الحالي وبالمناسبة كان
+
+147
+00:12:30,640 --> 00:12:35,760
+بالامس ذكرة
+
+148
+00:12:35,760 --> 00:12:40,860
+سقوط الخلافة العثمانية الإسلامية الأخيرة تلاتة
+
+149
+00:12:40,860 --> 00:12:42,860
+تلاتة بالامس
+
+150
+00:12:46,170 --> 00:12:50,870
+فبالرجوع إلى كما قلنا ما كان عليه المسلمون في
+
+151
+00:12:50,870 --> 00:12:58,010
+أثناء حضارتهم لنجد هذا الصراع اللذي كان بين
+
+152
+00:12:58,010 --> 00:13:04,190
+الكنيسة ورجال الكنيسة من جهة وبين العلم والعلماء
+
+153
+00:13:04,190 --> 00:13:09,740
+من جهة أخرى كان في تصادم واضح هو اللي سببردت الفعل
+
+154
+00:13:09,740 --> 00:13:14,220
+بالعلمانية لما وجدوا أن رجال الكنيسة والكنيسة
+
+155
+00:13:14,220 --> 00:13:17,220
+ونصوص الكنيسة تصادم العلم والحقائق العلمية
+
+156
+00:13:17,220 --> 00:13:20,880
+والنظريات العلمية وتقف ضدها وتواجهها وتحاكم
+
+157
+00:13:20,880 --> 00:13:25,660
+أصحابها وتعتقلهم وتلاحقهم قالوا أي دين هذا؟ أي دين
+
+158
+00:13:25,660 --> 00:13:30,280
+هذا الذي يعرض العلم وكذا؟ فكفروا بهذا الدين
+
+159
+00:13:31,910 --> 00:13:36,170
+وانقلبوا عليه وقالوا ونادوا بهذا الاتجاه الذي يفصل
+
+160
+00:13:36,170 --> 00:13:40,410
+الدين عن الحياة وشؤونا لكن في التاريخ الإسلامي لم
+
+161
+00:13:40,410 --> 00:13:44,970
+نشهد هذا الصراع ولا هذا الفصام ولا هذا الفصال
+
+162
+00:13:44,970 --> 00:13:49,750
+النكد اللى موجود حاليا واتأثر به المسلمون ونقلوه
+
+163
+00:13:49,750 --> 00:13:55,010
+كما سنرى في أسباب انتشار العلمانية في العالم
+
+164
+00:13:55,010 --> 00:13:55,490
+الإسلامي
+
+165
+00:14:00,440 --> 00:14:04,180
+إذا يا أخوات لما احنا نقول انه في تاريخنا الطويل
+
+166
+00:14:04,180 --> 00:14:08,260
+وحضارتنا الإسلامية مافيش هذا التصادم الذي حدث عند
+
+167
+00:14:08,260 --> 00:14:14,920
+الغرب، إذا يعني لا مبرر في المناداء أو للمناداب
+
+168
+00:14:14,920 --> 00:14:20,140
+بتطبيق العلمانية في عالمنا الإسلام إذا كان الغرب
+
+169
+00:14:20,140 --> 00:14:25,140
+محقا وله حق وانا مع هذا الحق إذا كان الغرب محق في
+
+170
+00:14:25,140 --> 00:14:29,060
+أن يكفر بالدين الذي وقف ضد العلم لأنه محرف أصلا
+
+171
+00:14:29,060 --> 00:14:32,210
+ليس بدينإن الدين عند الله الإسلام والدين واحد
+
+172
+00:14:32,210 --> 00:14:35,670
+والعقيدة واحدة في أصلها أما هذه العقيدة اللي
+
+173
+00:14:35,670 --> 00:14:39,810
+هنتعرف عليها بعد قليل في أسباب نشأة العلمانية في
+
+174
+00:14:39,810 --> 00:14:44,010
+الغرب سببها التحريف الذي قام به رجال الدين
+
+175
+00:14:44,010 --> 00:14:49,090
+والكنيسة لهذا الدين ويعني أظهر كأن الدين ضد العلم
+
+176
+00:14:49,090 --> 00:14:52,390
+وضد الحقائق العلمية فالعلماء ما عجبوه مش هذا الأمر
+
+177
+00:14:52,390 --> 00:14:55,210
+قالوا أي دين هذا الذي يقف ضد العلم هذا ليس بدين
+
+178
+00:14:55,740 --> 00:1
+
+223
+00:18:35,690 --> 00:18:39,070
+بالدين هل العلمانية بتربط هذه الأخلاق التي هم 
+
+224
+00:18:39,070 --> 00:18:42,990
+عليها أو يستيرون عليها بالدين مصدرها أو ينبوعها أو
+
+225
+00:18:42,990 --> 00:18:48,150
+أصلها أو أساسها هو الدين ولا ماذا يعني أو كيف وجهة
+
+226
+00:18:48,150 --> 00:18:51,730
+نظرهم في هذه الأخلاق نبدأ بالموضوع الأول مجال 
+
+227
+00:18:51,730 --> 00:18:56,270
+العلاقة بين الرجل والمرء فبمقارنة بسيطة بين 
+
+228
+00:18:56,270 --> 00:19:01,520
+الإسلاموالعلمانية في هذا المجال العلاقة بين الرجل
+
+229
+00:19:01,520 --> 00:19:08,860
+والمرأة هناك في الإسلام يا أخوات في إيش؟ في أحكام؟
+
+230
+00:19:08,860 --> 00:19:14,060
+في تشريعات؟ مالا؟ تطبط هذه العلاقة تنظم هذه
+
+231
+00:19:14,060 --> 00:19:19,420
+العلاقة فكيف نظمها؟ يعني ما هي علاقة الرجل بالمرأة 
+
+232
+00:19:19,420 --> 00:19:22,360
+في الإسلام؟ طبعا المرأة الغريبة عنه يعني مش أمه أو 
+
+233
+00:19:22,360 --> 00:19:27,670
+أبوه كذا ده ليس الحديث عنهمع أي امرأة تحلله ان 
+
+234
+00:19:27,670 --> 00:19:31,790
+يتزوجه او اي امرأة غريبة عنه يعني ليست من ارحمه 
+
+235
+00:19:31,790 --> 00:19:33,330
+ولا من المحرمات عليه
+
+236
+00:19:38,010 --> 00:19:44,390
+الزواج والزواج فقط الطريق المشروع الشرعي الوحيد
+
+237
+00:19:44,390 --> 00:19:49,130
+للعلاقة المشروعة بين الرجل والمرأة هي طريق الزواج
+
+238
+00:19:49,130 --> 00:19:53,370
+أن يأتي من الباب الشرعي ليخطبها ويتزوجها فتصبح
+
+239
+00:19:53,370 --> 00:19:58,430
+حلالا له وزوجة له ويقيم معاها العلاقة المعروفة
+
+240
+00:19:58,430 --> 00:20:02,410
+الطبيعية بين الرجل والمرأة او الزوج وزوجته الآن
+
+241
+00:20:02,410 --> 00:20:07,060
+أصبح مش راجل ومرأة أصبح زوج وزوجةمش اي راجل و
+
+242
+00:20:07,060 --> 00:20:11,120
+امرأة يعملوا اي علاقة، لأ في زوج و زوجة، الان
+
+243
+00:20:11,120 --> 00:20:16,020
+أصبحوا هذا الطريق الشرعي و الوحيد و حرم في مقابل 
+
+244
+00:20:16,020 --> 00:20:22,220
+ذلك ايش كل؟ 
+
+245
+00:20:22,220 --> 00:20:25,220
+فجعل ايش؟ الزنا؟ نعم
+
+246
+00:20:30,150 --> 00:20:33,690
+نعم، التبرج والصفور وخلوة الرجل بالمرأة الأجنبية
+
+247
+00:20:33,690 --> 00:20:38,250
+والنظر إليها بشهوة، هذه علاقة رجل بالمرأة، هل يجوز
+
+248
+00:20:38,250 --> 00:20:42,550
+له أن يفعل بها الحرام إن لم تكن زوجته أن يقيمها
+
+249
+00:20:42,550 --> 00:20:47,630
+علاقة جنسية إن لم تكن زوجته؟ هل يجوز للمرأة في
+
+250
+00:20:47,630 --> 00:20:51,060
+المقابل أن تظهر أمام الرجل؟ هذه العلاقةيشوفها
+
+251
+00:20:51,060 --> 00:20:56,520
+متبرجة سافرة يخلو بيها وحده في مكان مغلق مافيش حد
+
+252
+00:20:56,520 --> 00:21:00,580
+مابقي طبعا حسب الضوابط والأحكام الشرعية يعني واضحة 
+
+253
+00:21:00,580 --> 00:21:05,200
+النصوص يعني لا تحتاج منا إلى توضيح لإن كنا نحفظ
+
+254
+00:21:05,200 --> 00:21:13,220
+هذه النصوص لا يخلون أحدكم بامرأة إلا مع ذي محرم
+
+255
+00:21:13,220 --> 00:21:17,400
+يكون أبوها أخوها زوجها كذاوهذا الكلام يعني حتى في 
+
+256
+00:21:17,400 --> 00:21:20,380
+الضرورات لما بيكون في ضرورة برضه يكون أبوها معاها
+
+257
+00:21:20,380 --> 00:21:24,540
+أخوها كده إلا في الحالات الحرجة جدا كإجراء عملية 
+
+258
+00:21:24,540 --> 00:21:27,740
+جراحية فيها كده بالنوع أي حد لكن في فحص طبي في 
+
+259
+00:21:27,740 --> 00:21:31,680
+ذهاب إلى مكان و مكان واحد ولا وحده مافعش أنا أروح 
+
+260
+00:21:31,680 --> 00:21:37,120
+إلى طبيب خاص للكشف و الفحص كامرأةمهما كان هذا
+
+261
+00:21:37,120 --> 00:21:43,260
+الطبيب دينه وخلقه وعلمه ويغلق علي أنا وهو باب واحد 
+
+262
+00:21:43,260 --> 00:21:47,420
+ونحن نكون حتى لو كان هذا ضروري وهي علاج لأنه ليس 
+
+263
+00:21:47,420 --> 00:21:51,640
+ضرورة عملية ممنوعة أن يدخل أحد معاه فيها إلا إذا 
+
+264
+00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:55,620
+قضى الأمر ذلك حسب الضرورات الشرعية والطبية أما
+
+265
+00:21:55,620 --> 00:22:00,240
+مدام مسموح إلي مدخل أختي معايا أمي زوجي ابني أخويا
+
+266
+00:22:00,240 --> 00:22:06,450
+أختي لهذا المحذور الشرعي لأنه في تحريم لهذه الخلقو
+
+267
+00:22:06,450 --> 00:22:11,790
+من هذا الباب يا اخوات اللي لا يجوز ان تعمل المسلمة 
+
+268
+00:22:11,790 --> 00:22:15,010
+.. المرأة المسلمة بنت ان كانت او امرأة او كده
+
+269
+00:22:15,010 --> 00:22:19,570
+سكورتيرة في مكتب خاص لرجل فعشان تكون سكورتيرة
+
+270
+00:22:19,570 --> 00:22:22,930
+لواحدلأن هو وياها لحاله، هذا محدود شر، هذا مافيش
+
+271
+00:22:22,930 --> 00:22:25,950
+فيها مجاملة و لا فيها طب علشان طب عشان يا أستاذ و 
+
+272
+00:22:25,950 --> 00:22:32,190
+لا طب ساهلها بحبحها، ده مافيش فيها القضية مجاملة و
+
+273
+00:22:32,190 --> 00:22:37,270
+رأي شخصي و تيسير .. ده حكم شر أيه، لا جهادة مع
+
+274
+00:22:37,270 --> 00:22:41,750
+النص، نص لا يخلو أحدهم بامرأة حتى لو كان بيحفظها 
+
+275
+00:22:41,750 --> 00:22:45,440
+القرآنمش بيشتغلوا وياه أربعة و عشرين ساعة أمامه
+
+276
+00:22:45,440 --> 00:22:49,220
+إلا ما خلى رجلهم بامرأة إلا كان الشيطان ثالثهم 
+
+277
+00:22:49,220 --> 00:22:52,600
+طبيعة البشر طبيعة الإنسان طبيعة الرجل طبيعة المرأة
+
+278
+00:22:52,600 --> 00:22:57,300
+وهذا الذي يعطي هذا الحكم الذي خلق المرأة والرجل
+
+279
+00:22:57,300 --> 00:23:01,580
+ألا يعلموا من خلقوهو اللطيف و الخبير فاللي بيعرف 
+
+280
+00:23:01,580 --> 00:23:05,700
+فيه يعني طبيعة كل واحد من الجنسين الراجل والمرأة
+
+281
+00:23:05,700 --> 00:23:08,960
+هو اللي حذر هو اللي حرم هو اللي وضع هذا الحد فهو
+
+282
+00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:13,140
+العالم الخبير و الحكيم الخبير و هو لمصلحة الطرفين
+
+283
+00:23:13,140 --> 00:23:18,300
+و لمصلحة المجتمع كذلكالكلام في هذا المجال كبير و
+
+284
+00:23:18,300 --> 00:23:21,520
+كثير لما بدنا نخد فيه و نشوف التجاوزات اللي بتحدث 
+
+285
+00:23:21,520 --> 00:23:25,020
+في مجتمعاتنا الإسلامية اليوم والمحاذير الشرعية في
+
+286
+00:23:25,020 --> 00:23:28,700
+خلوة الرجل بالمرأة في بعض الأماكن لكن في مؤسسات
+
+287
+00:23:28,700 --> 00:23:33,840
+عامة في أماكن في حكومة في تعليم في صحة في طقس كل
+
+288
+00:23:33,840 --> 00:23:38,760
+هذا يعني مسموح فيه بالضوابط الشرعية واللبس الشرعي
+
+289
+00:23:38,760 --> 00:23:42,980
+للمرأة اللي معروف لكن الحديث عن الخلوة في أي مكان
+
+290
+00:23:44,030 --> 00:23:47,430
+يعني إلا في الضرورة القصوى كما قلنا في إجراء عملية 
+
+291
+00:23:47,430 --> 00:23:50,810
+جراحية فيها بنج و فيها كذا و لا يسمح لأحد في هذه 
+
+292
+00:23:50,810 --> 00:23:53,810
+الحالة و ليست هي مجال لشهوة و لا إثارة و لا غير
+
+293
+00:23:53,810 --> 00:23:57,450
+فيما عدا ذلك الكلام هذا يعني من باب النصيحة و 
+
+294
+00:23:57,450 --> 00:24:00,950
+الدين و يسمعون الملايين اليوم المسلمين و المسلمات
+
+295
+00:24:00,950 --> 00:24:04,710
+فليحذروا من الوقوف في هذا المحذور الشرعي تروح على
+
+296
+00:24:04,710 --> 00:24:08,830
+طبيب طبعا المقصود يعني طبيب و ليس طبيبة بدوا يكون 
+
+297
+00:24:08,830 --> 00:24:13,930
+حد معاه كي يدخل الغرفة عند الكاشفواضح يا أخوات إن 
+
+298
+00:24:13,930 --> 00:24:17,970
+شاء الله يكون يعني هذه النصيحة قد وصلت هذا الكلام
+
+299
+00:24:17,970 --> 00:24:20,950
+التفصيل اللي احنا ذكرناه في هذا المجال علاقة الرجل 
+
+300
+00:24:20,950 --> 00:24:27,570
+بالمرأة والضوابط الشرعية الموجودة و المنصوص عليه
+
+301
+00:24:28,500 --> 00:24:31,540
+يقابلها في العلمانية؟ هل هذا الخلام اللي قلناه
+
+302
+00:24:31,540 --> 00:24:35,500
+يمكن خمس دقائق ولا عشر دقائق ويمكن لو بدنا نصفظ في 
+
+303
+00:24:35,500 --> 00:24:38,840
+الحديث كان أكثر منه واحنا بنوضح في جزئية ومسألة
+
+304
+00:24:38,840 --> 00:24:42,120
+واحدة؟ هل ده كله موجود أمام الغرب لو الواحد من 
+
+305
+00:24:42,120 --> 00:24:45,380
+الغرب الآن العلمان يسمعني وانا أتحدث عنه؟ ماذا 
+
+306
+00:24:45,380 --> 00:24:48,600
+سيكون موقفه؟ هل سيصفق ليه ويمدحني ويقول برا وعليك 
+
+307
+00:24:48,600 --> 00:24:53,260
+وشاطر واحنا عندنا برضه زي معانكم؟ ولا العكس تماما؟ 
+
+308
+00:24:54,230 --> 00:24:58,910
+بنشوفها عكس تمام، بس ده احمد اه لا ضوابط ولا كده 
+
+309
+00:24:58,910 --> 00:25:03,110
+ولا يعني في هذا المجال اللي احنا تحدثنا عنه في
+
+310
+00:25:03,110 --> 00:25:06,930
+علاقة الراجل بالمرأة سواء بالخلوة او بالمظاهر 
+
+311
+00:25:06,930 --> 00:25:10,370
+اللتي نراها من التبرج والصفور والنظر بشهوة
+
+312
+00:25:10,370 --> 00:25:13,750
+والعلاقات المحرمة و هذا boyfriend و هذا boyfriend
+
+313
+00:25:13,750 --> 00:25:20,070
+ده ولا girlfriend مش بيسموهاهل عندهم هذا موجود في 
+
+314
+00:25:20,070 --> 00:25:23,810
+الغرب؟ هل لدينا ال boy و ال boyة؟ لا ليس لدينا ال
+
+315
+00:25:23,810 --> 00:25:29,130
+boyة السودة و البنية مابنعرفش غير احنا و هذه 
+
+316
+00:25:29,130 --> 00:25:33,310
+الأمور كلها موجودة في العالم الغربي و الأجنبي و
+
+317
+00:25:33,310 --> 00:25:38,670
+العلماني لأن العلمانية تفصل الدين هذه قيم دينية
+
+318
+00:25:38,670 --> 00:25:43,910
+شرعية اخلاق دينية شرعية مستمدة من الدين هم ليعرفون
+
+319
+00:25:43,910 --> 00:25:49,870
+هذه الضوابط و عندهم يعني ال freedomيعني to freedom
+
+320
+00:25:49,870 --> 00:25:56,750
+مطلقة يعني مافيش تحديد ولا حدود لأ عندهم الحرية 
+
+321
+00:25:56,750 --> 00:26:01,350
+المطلقة في ان يفعل الإنسان ما يشاء رجل كان او
+
+322
+00:26:01,350 --> 00:26:07,930
+امرأة و عندهم ترخيص لدور الزنا يعني و ال .. مايعرف
+
+323
+00:26:07,930 --> 00:26:12,190
+بالدعارة الآن في العالم الغربي و العلماني و كذلك 
+
+324
+00:26:12,190 --> 00:26:17,380
+هذه ال .. هذا ال ..الاطلاق لهذه الشهوات وهذه
+
+325
+00:26:17,380 --> 00:26:22,040
+الحرية المطلقة يعاني اليوم الغرب منها معاناة شديدة 
+
+326
+00:26:22,040 --> 00:26:27,740
+من نتائجها المدمرة على مجتمعاته اللي أدت إلى أمراض
+
+327
+00:26:27,740 --> 00:26:31,420
+وأوبئة كبيرة يعني على رأسها ال aids أو ال eyes أو 
+
+328
+00:26:31,420 --> 00:26:36,760
+ال aides في أكثر من يعني لفظ حسب الترجمةاللي مهلك
+
+329
+00:26:36,760 --> 00:26:42,080
+مش مئات مش ألاف حالات بالملايين من جراء هذا
+
+330
+00:26:42,080 --> 00:26:47,860
+الإطلاق العنان لهذه الشهوات المحرمة وصدق الله حين 
+
+331
+00:26:47,860 --> 00:26:52,060
+يقول وَلَا تَقْرَبُ الذِّنَاءِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ 
+
+332
+00:26:52,060 --> 00:26:59,740
+فَاحِشَةً وَسَاءَ سَبِيلًاسبيله سيء وساء سبيله 
+
+333
+00:26:59,740 --> 00:27:05,420
+طريقه سيء مدمر مهلك وقدعن الغرب من هذه النتائج 
+
+334
+00:27:05,420 --> 00:27:11,420
+الوخيمة من جراء هذا الإطلاق لهذه الشهوات الإطلاق 
+
+335
+00:27:11,420 --> 00:27:17,920
+العنان لها وسنأخذ ف�� بعض الموضوعات ذات الشأن في 
+
+336
+00:27:17,920 --> 00:27:22,970
+الحديث عن المرأة في رابع وسائل التغريبوفي قضايا
+
+337
+00:27:22,970 --> 00:27:25,650
+المرأة في قضية من التمن قضايا اللي هندرسها
+
+338
+00:27:25,650 --> 00:27:32,610
+الإختلاط بين الجنسين سنرى يعني إحصائيات مهولة من
+
+339
+00:27:32,610 --> 00:27:36,330
+جراء الإختلاط بين الجنسين في المدارس التعليمية
+
+340
+00:27:36,330 --> 00:27:41,550
+لدرجة أن جورج بوشل إبن رئيس ولايات المتحدة 
+
+341
+00:27:41,550 --> 00:27:48,930
+الأمريكية يعني أعطى جائزة وحوافز لمن يدعو إلى 
+
+342
+00:27:48,930 --> 00:27:53,120
+الفصل بين الجنسين في المدارسإيش صاروا المتدينين؟ 
+
+343
+00:27:53,120 --> 00:27:57,260
+كانوا أسلموا ولا يشدّعوا؟ لما يُعرض عليه من تقارير
+
+344
+00:27:57,260 --> 00:28:04,240
+المخاطر والخطورة اللي بتسببها الإختلاط من حمل بين 
+
+345
+00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:08,120
+طالبات المراهقات في المدارس الكذا وإجهاد ومشكلة
+
+346
+00:28:08,120 --> 00:28:11,020
+إجتماعية كبرى يعني هم الأن بعانوا من هذا الكلام
+
+347
+00:28:11,020 --> 00:28:14,240
+رغم أنهم مش قادرين يمنعوه لكن بيشجعوا على الفصل
+
+348
+00:28:14,700 --> 00:28:17,860
+مدارس اللي بتدعو إلى الفصل إلها جوائز كده وهم 
+
+349
+00:28:17,860 --> 00:28:20,760
+مذكور ومنصوص عليه وفي وثائق وفي أقوال و تصريحات
+
+350
+00:28:20,760 --> 00:28:24,740
+يعني هم بدوا يعودوا إلى مروج بدأوا يعودوا في بعض 
+
+351
+00:28:24,740 --> 00:28:28,660
+القضايا البسيطة لكن مجتمع قائم من عشرات السنين على 
+
+352
+00:28:28,660 --> 00:28:34,700
+ذلك مش سهل بجرد قلم انه يمتنع عن ذلك وهذا يعني ما 
+
+353
+00:28:34,700 --> 00:28:38,940
+يميز الإسلام كمنهج عن غيره من المنهج الأرضي انه
+
+354
+00:28:38,940 --> 00:28:43,120
+صاحب العقيدة صاحب المبادئ عقيدته هي اللتي تدعو لكن 
+
+355
+00:28:43,120 --> 00:28:46,850
+هذا مش عقيدتهمش معقول يرد على رئيس و لا على زعيم و
+
+356
+00:28:46,850 --> 00:28:49,630
+لا يترك كل ما عليه يعني هو مجتمع بعتبر حاله 
+
+357
+00:28:49,630 --> 00:28:53,830
+ديمقراطي و حر و صاحب وجهة نظر و حرية الكاملة 
+
+358
+00:28:53,830 --> 00:28:58,930
+فبيردش على مجرد واحد او حتى لو كان رئيسا او زعيما
+
+359
+00:28:58,930 --> 00:29:03,270
+ممكن يمشي على رأي و ممكن مايمشيش لكن المسلم فيه
+
+360
+00:29:03,270 --> 00:29:08,090
+الرب هو المشرع فيه رسول هو اللي برضه مشرع فهو
+
+361
+00:29:08,090 --> 00:29:14,970
+مأمور بالطاعة و كما رأينا أيضا في ال ..المقارنة 
+
+362
+00:29:14,970 --> 00:29:18,590
+بين خصائص المجتمع المسلم وخصائص المجتمع الجاهل
+
+363
+00:29:18,590 --> 00:29:22,190
+شوفنا كيف المجتمع المسلم من خصائصه اللي هو 
+
+364
+00:29:22,190 --> 00:29:29,460
+الانضباطالسلوك بالضوابط الربانية وشوفنا المرة مجرد
+
+365
+00:29:29,460 --> 00:29:32,840
+ما نزلت آيات الحجاب على طول بادرة مش لإن واحد اللي
+
+366
+00:29:32,840 --> 00:29:35,760
+جالها أو واحد نصحها لإنه ربنا اللي شرعه على طول 
+
+367
+00:29:35,760 --> 00:29:39,100
+فخي عنده إيمان بالله دعاه المسلمين اللي كانوا 
+
+368
+00:29:39,100 --> 00:29:42,580
+مدمنين خمر ومش قادرين يبطلوا وكذا step by step 
+
+369
+00:29:42,580 --> 00:29:47,720
+وخطوة خطوة وبالتدرج وكذا لغايةما إجت الأيات اللي
+
+370
+00:29:47,720 --> 00:29:51,480
+تحسم القضية وإنما الخمر ولا ميصر ولا أنصاب ولا 
+
+371
+00:29:51,480 --> 00:29:54,680
+أسلام ورجلهم من عمل الشيطان فاجتنبوا وفهل أنتم 
+
+372
+00:29:54,680 --> 00:29:59,260
+منتهون قالوا انتهينا ودلجوا كل ما كان عندهم من 
+
+373
+00:29:59,260 --> 00:30:04,500
+الأوعية والأنية التزاما وانضباطا بأمر الله هذا 
+
+374
+00:30:04,500 --> 00:30:08,500
+الفرق بيننا كمسلمين لما بنلتزم بالأمر وبين الغرب 
+
+375
+00:30:08,500 --> 00:30:11,960
+لو بدوا يلتزم هو حر يلتزم أو لا يلتزم مافيش حدا
+
+376
+00:30:11,960 --> 00:30:13,240
+بيلزم
+
+377
+00:30:15,280 --> 00:30:20,780
+الموضوع الثاني أو الموضوع الثاني من المواضع أو من 
+
+378
+00:30:20,780 --> 00:30:26,440
+الموضعين اللي بيختلف فيها الإسلام أو تختلف فيها
+
+379
+00:30:26,440 --> 00:30:30,640
+العلمانية عن الإسلام اللي هي ربط الأخلاق بالدين 
+
+380
+00:30:30,640 --> 00:30:38,140
+ممكن لما احنا يعني قليلا عن هذا الموضوع قبل قليل
+
+381
+00:30:38,140 --> 00:30:45,820
+فالعلمانية من من تأخذ أخلاقة اللي قد تسمح بهاولا
+
+382
+00:30:45,820 --> 00:30:50,720
+تعارضها او ترحب بها اخلاق والفضائل من اين بتاخدها؟
+
+383
+00:30:50,720 --> 00:30:56,260
+هل بتاخدها من الدين؟ هل الدين هو الانبوع والمصدر
+
+384
+00:30:56,260 --> 00:31:02,200
+والمورد؟ لأ هائش المورد والمنبع والمصدر اللي بتاخد 
+
+385
+00:31:02,200 --> 00:31:06,560
+منه و بتستقي منها قيمها و اخلاقها انت تقيم ذلك على 
+
+386
+00:31:06,560 --> 00:31:09,560
+اساس philosophy او عمل براقميت او مصلحة او نفعية 
+
+387
+00:31:09,800 --> 00:31:17,120
+بارك الله فيك ويسيروا على القول الذي وضعه لهم و
+
+388
+00:31:17,120 --> 00:31:20,140
+للغرب والحضارة الغربية المستمرة بالحضارة الغربية 
+
+389
+00:31:20,140 --> 00:31:23,980
+الفيلسوفي الإيطالي ميكيا فيلي نيكولو ميكيا فيلي
+
+390
+00:31:23,980 --> 00:31:30,000
+الغاية تبرر الوسيلة عشان يوصل لغاية وبدويا ممكن 
+
+391
+00:31:30,000 --> 00:31:35,140
+يسلك اليها أي وسيلة بأي طريقة بأي وسيلة مافيش
+
+392
+
+445
+00:35:47,010 --> 00:35:51,990
+الشريعة اللي بتنظم حياة الناس متروكة لمين؟ للقانون
+
+446
+00:35:51,990 --> 00:35:56,450
+الوضعي الروماني هو اللي بوضع التشريعات والأحكام و
+
+447
+00:35:56,450 --> 00:36:03,010
+القوانين والأنظمة و قام هؤلاء اللي هم رجال 
+
+448
+00:36:03,010 --> 00:36:06,650
+الكنيسة ورجال الدين بهذا الفصام وهذا الفصل بين
+
+449
+00:36:06,650 --> 00:36:14,360
+العقيدة والشريعة تحت قول نسبوا طبعاً زوراً لأننا 
+
+450
+00:36:14,360 --> 00:36:17,420
+نعتقد أن المسيح يقول هذا الكلام إلى السيد المسيح
+
+451
+00:36:17,420 --> 00:36:26,000
+عليه السلام اعطوا ما لقيصر لقيصر وما لله لله
+
+452
+00:36:26,000 --> 00:36:31,640
+صلحوه في محذوف كلمة لله التانية اللي لقيصر اعطوه
+
+453
+00:36:31,640 --> 00:36:36,600
+لقيصر واللي لله اعطوه لله  اعطوا ما لقيصر لقيصر و
+
+454
+00:36:36,600 --> 00:36:43,370
+اعطوا ما لله لله ايش لقيصر؟ الحكم والملك والتشريع
+
+455
+00:36:43,370 --> 00:36:46,870
+والأحكام هذا الملك هو اللي يعرف مصلحتنا الملك
+
+456
+00:36:46,870 --> 00:36:50,790
+اللي في الدنيا يعرف مصلحتنا لكن ملك الملوك مايعرفش
+
+457
+00:36:50,790 --> 00:36:54,690
+مصلحتنا اللي يعلم من خلق وهو اللطيف والخبير و
+
+458
+00:36:54,690 --> 00:36:58,730
+الله عليهم خبير و الله عليهم حكيم قل أنتم أعلموا
+
+459
+00:36:58,730 --> 00:37:02,650
+أم لا والله يعلم وأنتم لا تعلمون ربنا اللي بيعلم
+
+460
+00:37:02,650 --> 00:37:06,730
+بمصلحت اللي خلقنا أعلم بنا من غيره 
+
+461
+00:37:09,640 --> 00:37:13,940
+فأعطوا ما لقيصر من هذه القوانين والأحكام
+
+462
+00:37:13,940 --> 00:37:19,280
+والتشريعات وجعلوه حقا له وما لله هي العقيدة
+
+463
+00:37:19,280 --> 00:37:22,620
+والعبادات بس العقيدة والعبادات هذا اللي لله ربنا
+
+464
+00:37:22,620 --> 00:37:25,540
+مالوش دعوة ولا إيه اللي دخل فيه ومن هنا بدأ مين
+
+465
+00:37:26,080 --> 00:37:29,680
+الفصل بين الدين والحياة بين الدين والدولة بين
+
+466
+00:37:29,680 --> 00:37:32,620
+الدين والحكم بين الدين والسياسة بين الدين
+
+467
+00:37:32,620 --> 00:37:37,800
+والقوانين والأحكام والتشريعات وهذا هو شكل
+
+468
+00:37:37,800 --> 00:37:42,040
+العلمانية الحقيقة هو هذا الفصل هو هذا العزل هو هذا
+
+469
+00:37:42,040 --> 00:37:47,490
+الاقصاء اقصاء الدين عن كل هذه الأمور اللي ذكرناها و 
+
+470
+00:37:47,490 --> 00:37:50,650
+أكثر كمان ي��ني هذا في مجال الحكم والقوانين وفي
+
+471
+00:37:50,650 --> 00:37:53,870
+مجال الحياة الاجتماعية كمان والخلقية كما رأينا
+
+472
+00:37:53,870 --> 00:37:58,630
+قبل قليل لأنه لا علاقة للدين بالأخلاق وليست هي
+
+473
+00:37:58,630 --> 00:38:03,630
+مصدر هذه النشأة الأولى اللي ساهم فيها رجال الدين
+
+474
+00:38:03,630 --> 00:38:08,490
+بهذا الفصل تحت هذا القول المزعوم أو المنصوب الى
+
+475
+00:38:08,490 --> 00:38:11,610
+المسيح عيسى عليه السلام اما النشأة الثانية 
+
+476
+00:38:11,610 --> 00:38:17,570
+للعلمانية القصة اللي بنعيد فيها كثير وذكرناها أكثر
+
+477
+00:38:17,570 --> 00:38:22,290
+اللي هي اتفضلها نعم
+
+478
+00:38:27,820 --> 00:38:34,040
+يعني أبعد الغرب رجال الدين ورجال الكنيسة ورجال كذا 
+
+479
+00:38:34,040 --> 00:38:42,060
+عن التدخل في الحياة وفي العلم متى حينما ظهر معارضة 
+
+480
+00:38:42,060 --> 00:38:46,000
+رجال الكنيسة ورجال الدين والكنيسة للعلم والعلماء
+
+481
+00:38:46,000 --> 00:38:49,510
+يقولوا خلوا كوا ع شكل صفوا ع شكل متدخلوش فين ولا في
+
+482
+00:38:49,510 --> 00:38:54,370
+علومنا، الحياة لنا، الكل دين، الكل كنيسة، الكل 
+
+483
+00:38:54,370 --> 00:38:59,370
+شعائر، الكل عقيدة، هذه الحياة ومن ضمنها العلوم،
+
+484
+00:38:59,370 --> 00:39:02,970
+احنا اللي بنضعها وقد ظهر ذلك بعد القرن السادس 
+
+485
+00:39:02,970 --> 00:39:07,630
+عشر، نتيجة هذه الظروف اللي مرت بها أوروبا، فإذا
+
+486
+00:39:07,630 --> 00:39:15,580
+كان هناك مبررات وأسباب فكرية ودينية وواقعية في 
+
+487
+00:39:15,580 --> 00:39:21,760
+أوروبا لنشأة العلمانية سنتعرف عليها في المحاضرة 
+
+488
+00:39:21,760 --> 00:39:27,800
+القادمة إن شاء الله بالتفصيل وهي ثلاثة أسباب رئيسة
+
+489
+00:39:27,800 --> 00:39:30,880
+قد يكون في غيرها لكن مجموعة في هذه الثلاث أسباب 
+
+490
+00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:36,600
+أولا فساد العقيدة النصرانية وطغيان الكنيسة وفساد 
+
+491
+00:39:36,600 --> 00:39:40,880
+رجالها ثانيا الثورة الفرنسية اللي قامت ودعت الى
+
+492
+00:39:40,880 --> 00:39:45,720
+الحرية والعدالة وحقوق الإنسان وغيره ثالثا النشاط 
+
+493
+00:39:45,720 --> 00:39:51,040
+اليهودي أيضاً ساهم وساعد في نشأة العلمانية في الغرب
+
+494
+00:39:51,040 --> 00:39:54,300
+لأن اليهود يعني بيدسوا حالهم في كل شيء ومنه
+
+495
+00:39:54,300 --> 00:39:58,880
+العلمانية ويلعب دور يعني بارز وواضح سنتعرف عليه إن 
+
+496
+00:39:58,880 --> 00:40:03,550
+شاء الله عند الحديث عن هذه الأسباب ونقف عند هذا 
+
+497
+00:40:03,550 --> 00:40:08,370
+الحد و الله يعطيكم العافية والسلام عليكم ورحمة
+
+498
+00:40:08,370 --> 00:40:11,690
+الله وبركاته بارك الله فيك