category
stringclasses 21
values | filename
stringlengths 3
191
| page
int64 1
4.42k
| text
stringlengths 1
49k
|
|---|---|---|---|
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,274 | 46049 Golden Chap.Z av First Pages 10/17/2005 p.1237 Application File
able to talk not only about her own case but also about others present, Estevanía confessed and admitted that
the new witch panic that had broken out in France and she was a witch.
about vigils held in the church at Ciboure to pre ve n t Some other people under suspicion were dragged to
witches from taking children off to the Sa b b a t . the priest by force; when threatened with torture, they
Howe ve r, the most interesting thing was that during too confessed. By January 1609, a considerable number
her time as a witch, Maria had also attended a Sabbat at of people had made confessions in this way, and after-
Zu g a r r a m u rdi and accordingly knew who its witches w a rd publicly asked pardon in the church of
we re. When she proceeded to mention individuals by Zugarramurdi. We do not know the names of everyone
name, protests were soon heard. The first to speak out who proclaimed themselves witches and asked for
was the peasant Esteve de Na va rc o rena, who, along p a rdon, but except for the two priests, all the persons
with his relatives, called her to account for her accusa- mentioned here were definitely included. It is also clear
tions against his wife, the twenty-two-year-old María de that the accused came from particular intermarried
Ju reteguía. The French girl replied that if she could “witch families.” Howe ve r, the dividing line betwe e n
speak to Esteve’s wife, she would certainly get her to witches and nonwitches cut through marriage and
confess. When the two women confronted each other, a sibling ties. It is understandable that the inhabitants of
lengthy exchange took place. María de Ximildegui Zu g a r r a m u rdi, faced with this fact, chose to re c o n c i l e
described everything she had seen at the Zugarramurdi with their witches. If the Inquisition had not been
Sabbat, while the other woman denied each accusation a l e rted, the story of the Zu g a r r a m u rdi witches would
as soon as it was uttered and swore that they we re all have ended in this admirable manner.
lies. But the French girl recounted the details so vividly But unfort u n a t e l y, the Inquisition w a s informed. Te n
that her listeners gradually felt convinced and began to of those who had made public confessions we re the fir s t
put pre s s u re on María de Ju reteguía to confess. W h e n to be arrested. Once the inquisitors had used a kind of
the young wife realized she had no means of escape, she brainwashing to pry confessions out of them, they identi-
fainted; shortly afterward, when she had recovered, she fied sixteen more witches in Urdax and Zu g a r r a m u rd i
confessed and admitted that everything the French girl and had them arrested along with five from other tow n s
had stated was true. She confessed to having been a in the border region. When the new prisoners we re placed
witch since she was a child, and she named Ma r í a together with the old ones, the following episode
Chipía de Ba r renechea, her maternal aunt, as her o c c u r red. One night, the warden kept watch secretly ove r
instructor in the evil art. María de Jureteguía was now two women in his prison, María de Ju reteguía and her
b rought before the parish priest Fray Felipe de aunt, María Chipía Ba r renechea. He heard María Chipía
Zabaleta, where she repeated her confession. Fr a y tell her niece that she could not confess to what the
Felipe urged her to make a public confession in the inquisitors we re asking her in the audience chamber
Zu g a r r a m u rdi church and beg forgiveness from the because, in fact, she was not a witch nor did she know
congregation for all the damage she had caused. During that anyone else was; furt h e r, she said, eve rything they
the next few days, various other people denounced by had confessed previously was untrue. Her niece re p l i e d
the French girl followed María de Jureteguía’s example that she would never be able to leave prison until she had
and made public confessions. made a confession even if false, and this was what she,
Meanwhile, María began to feel that the witches María de Ju reteguía, had already done (He n n i n g s e n
were pursuing her. Shortly before Christmas, the Devil 2004, doc. 14.15).
and his witches invaded her house and tried to abduct By the time the auto de fe was held, thirteen of the
h e r, but they we re pre vented from doing so by the original thirty-one prisoners had died in prison of
neighbors who we re holding a vigil with her family. typhoid fever. Of the survivors, ten who had confessed
Day by day, the witch panic spread. Shortly before New we re pardoned, including María de Ju retegía and her
Ye a r’s, a dozen people broke into the houses of those aunt, María Chipía. The rest we re sentenced to the
neighbors who we re under suspicion in order to look stake as n e g a t i vo s , or “stubborn deniers.” Both clerical
for their “toads” (that is, their familiars). They went to “witches” were, however, pardoned at the last moment,
Miguel de Goiburu, to Graciana de Barrenechea, and to after they had been interrogated under torture without
Estevania de Yriarte. The next day, Estevania’s husband, confessing. But six other n e g a t i vo s , including both of
the shepherd Juanes de Goiburu, went to the priest at their mothers, we re sent to the stake without this chance
the monastery to complain about what had happened. to clear themselves. Four years later, the supre m e
Fray Felipe told him to fetch his wife. When he council of the Inquisition admitted that the trials had
returned with her, the priest declared that she had been a terrible mistake and exonerated the victims
a l ready been exposed as a witch. When Esteva n í a posthumously.
denied the charge, Fray Felipe laid his stole and a
GUSTAV HENNINGSEN;
certain relic on her head, exhorting her to tell the truth.
Eventually, after being threatened by the priest and by TRANSLATED BY JAMES MANLEY
Zugurramurdi, Witches of 1237 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,275 | 46049 Golden Chap.Z av First Pages 10/17/2005 p.1238 Application File
See also:ACCUSATIONS;BASQUECOUNTRY;BLACKMASS; ———, ed. 2004. The Salazar Documents: Alonso de Salazar Frías
CONFESSIONS;FAMILIARS;FAMILY;INQUISITION,SPANISH; and Others on the Basque Witch Persecution (1609–1614).
PANICS;SABBAT;SALAZARFRÍAS,ALONSEDE;SPAIN;TOADS; Leiden and Boston: Brill.
VALENCIA,PEDRODE. Mongastón, Juan de, ed. 1611. Relación de las personas que salieron
References and further reading: al Auto de la Fee... en al ciudad de Logroño, en siete y ocho días
Caro Baroja, Julio. 1964. The World of the Witches.London: del mes de noviembre de 1610: Logroño, Juan de Mongastón.
Weidenfeld and Nicholson. Reprinted in Pedro de Valencia, 1997, Obras completas,vol. 7,
Henningsen, Gustav. 1980. The Witches’ Advocate: Basque pp. 157–181, León: Universidad de León.
Witchcraft and the Spanish Inquisition.Reno: University of
Nevada Press.
1238 Zugurramurdi, Witches of |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,276 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.1 Application File
INDEX
Note: Page numbers in bold indicate main entries.
A Agrippa von Nettesheim, Heinrich Cornelius, 22–24,
40, 64, 128, 137, 240, 289, 352, 417, 489, 847,
Abel, Wilhelm, 21 1046, 1194
Aberdeen witches, 1–2 de incertitude et vanitate scientiarum artium, 23–24
Abu'l-Qasim, 572 de occulta philosphia libri tres, 24
Accomplices, 1130 life, 23
Acculturation thesis, 2–3 works, 23
Accusations, 3–5, 518–519, 526, 563, 908–909, Aitken, Margaret, 24–25
982–983, 1107, 1223, 1237 Aix-en-Provence nuns, 25–26, 76, 216, 220, 388,
See also Inquisitorial procedure; Trials 444
in African cultures, 13–14 Aktenversendung,1067, 1143–1144
characteristics of victims of, 16–20 Alberti, Leandro, 655
disease and, 283–285 Albizzi, Francesco, 26–27
never resulting in trial, 7 Alchemy, 27–29, 64, 124, 254, 489
reasons for, 410, 661–663, 1213 apparatus, 28
Accusatorial procedure, 5–6, 169, 205–206, 229–230, history, 28–29
330, 331, 564–565, 857, 1133 theory, 28
See also Inquisitorial procedure; Trials Alciati, Andrea, 29–30,34, 188, 260, 417, 493–494
Acquittals, 6–10 Alexander, Edward, 495
See alsoTrials Alexander IV, Pope, 194, 195, 277, 642, 643, 858,
“purged” charges by surviving torture, 8–9 968
accused but not tried, 7 See also Papacy and papal bulls
convicted at local level but acquitted or released on Alexander VI, Pope, 160, 530, 613, 879
appellate level, 8 See also Papacy and papal bulls
partial convictions and banishments, 9 Alexander V, Pope, 164, 328, 368, 581, 1160
tried at local level but not convicted, 7–8 See also Papacy and papal bulls
Adeline, Guillaume, 581 Allotriophagy, 30–31,468
Admonitio de superstitionibus magicis vitandis Alsace, 31–32,75, 414–416, 717–718, 850, 1088,
(Hemmingsen), 481–482 1124
Ady,Thomas, 10,262, 531, 1074 Amerindian witches, 1072–1073
Affair of the Poisons, 10–12, 125, 253, 388, 566 Amsterdam, 32–34
Afra, St., 66, 422 Amulet and talisman, 34–36,64, 118, 119, 175, 181,
Africa (sub-Saharan), 12–16, 43–44, 168, 639, 182, 221, 222, 249–250, 255, 332, 456–457,
684–685 508, 523, 524, 525, 548, 570–573, 593, 594
Age of accused witches, 16–20, 85 Anabaptists, 32–33, 36–37, 47, 278, 416, 601, 768,
Agnus Dei, 181 936
Agobard of Lyons (ca. 779–840), 20–21,264 Angels, 37–39, 53, 69, 179, 217–219, 245, 254, 264,
Agrarian crises, 21–22, 67, 87, 105–106, 425, 541, 271, 272, 379, 404, 569, 570, 593, 1108
660–664, 1211 Anhorn, Bartholomäus, 39–40,456
See also Little Ice Age Animal doubles, 41–42
InDEX I-1 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,277 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.2 Application File
Animal worship, 611–612 Art and visual images, 59–64, 80–82, 132–133,
Animals, 40–42, 231, 289, 348, 349, 350, 365, 145–146, 148–149, 162–163, 231, 299–300,
383–384, 521–525, 528, 611–612 390–392, 406–407, 438–440, 446–447,
as alter ego, 1124 453–454, 599–600, 611–612, 625, 776–777,
cats, 174–175, 828 776–777, 875–876, 971–972, 971–972, 993,
cows, 766–767 1005–1006, 1079, 1112–1113, 1170–1171,
dogs, 288–289, 1140 1188, 1235
familiars, 13, 40, 131–132, 148, 174–175, 275, See also specific artists
276, 288, 289, 310, 312, 341, 345, Artemis. See Diana
347–349, 371, 383, 407, 442, 512, 513, Aschhausen, Johann Gottfried von, 87
532, 547 Astrologia sacra(Tanner), 1106
goats, 446–448, 611, 1235 Astrology, 64–65,161, 166, 286, 402, 475, 489, 560,
lycanthropy, 680–682 589, 591, 597, 703, 787, 1106, 1146–1147
metamorphosis, 40–41, 40–41, 161, 191, 260, Athens, 51, 69, 632, 903
261, 281, 406, 448, 754–757, 1044, 1123, Audisio, Gabriel, 1164–1165
1139, 1202–1203 Augsburg, Imperial Free City of, 65–67, 166
owls, 1088–1089 Augsburg, Prince-Bishopric of, 67–68, 1087–1088
soul, 1105 Augustine, St., 41, 52, 53, 68–70, 157, 218, 233,
spiders, 1079–1080 249, 272, 273, 309, 343, 404, 493, 494, 511,
toads, 1123–1125 569, 581, 597, 635, 638, 755–756, 809, 847,
werewolves, 134, 388, 523–524, 629, 680–682, 884, 1043, 1080, 1114, 1117, 1209
680–682, 755, 1105 Aussführliche Instruction (Schultheiss), 1012–1013
Animistic and magical thinking, 42–43,182, 366, Austria, 70–75, 552–553, 1000–1001, 1066, 1129,
402, 525, 529 1137–1138, 1168–1169, 1174–1175
Anne, Queen, 974 common themes, 70–71
Anthropology, 43–45, 290–291, 326–327, 328–329, statistics, 71–72
474, 493–497, 716–717, 1031, 1116 witchcraft and the law, 72–74
Antichrist, 37, 45–47, 272, 601 Austrian western territories, 75–76
See also Devil Auto de fe (act of faith), 557, 991, 1155, 1235, 1236,
Antonovich, Vladimir, 1140 1237
Ants, The (Geiler), 60 Auxonne nuns, 76–77,152
Apocalpyse, 45, 46, 47–48 See also Convent cases; Exorcism; France;
Apollonius of Tyana, 119–120, 590 Possession, demonic
Apologia del congresso notturno delle lammie Avignon, 26, 77
(Tartarotti), 1107 Azazel, 117
Apologia (Kramer), 47, 51
Apostasy, 1201–1202 B
Appeals, 8, 48–51, 58–59, 265, 386, 387, 1134–35
Appropriation, 3 Babies, 175–176, 549–550
Apuleius of Madaura, 41, 51–53,61, 297, 341, 379, See also Children; Infanticide
537 Bacchanals, 280, 633, 899, 970
Aquinas, St. Thomas, 53–54,179, 218–219, 277, Bacchus. SeeDionysus (Bacchus)
342, 404, 437, 511, 535, 538, 539, 880–881, Bacon, Francis, 849, 934
1092, 1106, 1209, 1226 Baden, Margravate of, 32, 79–80
Arabian Nights, 572 Baldung [Grien], Hans, 59–60, 80–82, 1188
Aragon, 54–56, 82, 363–364, 561 Balearic Islands, 82–83
Ardennes, 56–58,152, 387 Balkans (western and central), 83–87
Aristotle, 28, 160, 173, 179, 219, 463, 538, 656, Bamberg, Prince-Bishopric of, 87–89, 953–954, 991,
846–847, 911, 1044, 1108 1200, 1213, 1218
Arras, 48, 58–59, 278, 447, 581 See also Ecclesiastical territories; Witch-Bishops
I-2 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,278 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.3 Application File
Banishment, 9, 68, 76, 94, 108, 171, 184, 223, 253, Bernardino of Siena, 112–113, 535, 574–577, 1126,
267, 335, 448, 510, 543, 556, 630, 702, 740, 1203
834, 837, 872, 908, 938, 939, 1004, 1067, Bérulle, Pierre de, 113–115,147–148
1121, 1141, 1228 Bewitched Groom, The(Baldung), 81–82
Baphomet, 89–90 Bewitchment, 30–31, 115–117
Bar, Duchy of, 90–91 See also Enchantment; Possession, demonic
Baranowski, Bogdan, 91–92 Bible, 10, 35, 47, 61, 68, 102, 106, 117–120, 126,
Barberini, Maffeo.SeeUrban VIII, Pope 137, 150, 155, 173, 181, 182, 189, 192, 218,
Barnes, Barbary, 957 240, 263, 270, 272, 286, 287, 373, 379, 397,
Barth, Bernhard, 1004 417, 437, 446, 462, 469–480, 486, 500, 509,
Bartolo of Sassoferrato, 643 516, 534, 546–547, 584, 592–595, 597, 640,
Basel, Council of, 92–93, 327–328, 826–828, 859, 648, 666, 676–677, 692, 700, 720–721, 738,
952, 1131, 1203 770, 792, 854, 903, 912, 921, 928, 933, 947,
See also Origins of the witch hunts 952, 966, 985, 1002, 1046, 1048, 1131, 1145,
Basel, University of, 1143, 1144 1177, 1191, 1222, 1225, 808.837
Basque country, 93–97, 622, 990–991, 994–995, See also NewTestament; Old Testament; Revelation,
1213, 1235, 1236–1237 Book of
See also Salazar Frías, Alonso de; Spain; Devil and, 271
Zugurramurdi, Witches of Endor, Witch of, 117–118, 308–310
Bavaria, duchy of, 97–101, 423–425, 550–551, 638, Exodus, 337–338, 592
688–689, 736–737, 881–882, 960–961, Gospels, 482, 589–592, 1109
1004–1005, 1085–1086, 1197–1198 Bibliomancy, 120–121
Bavarian War of the Witches, 101–104, 1040–1041, Bibliotheca sive acta et scripta magica( Hauber), 476–477
1049, 1085–1086 Bilson boy, 121–122
Bavent, Madeleine, 76, 672–673, 833 Binsfeld, Peter, 31, 62, 122–125, 1197–1198
Baxter, Richard, 104–105 Birds, 1088–1089
Bayle, Pierce, 1048 Black Death, 21, 47, 398, 660, 903, 988
Beaumont, John, 1060–1061 See also Plague
Beccaria, Cesare, 1173 Black Legend, 54
Beelzebub (demon), 119, 263, 277, 293, 339, 590, Black Mass, 125, 1003, 1202
626, 845 See also Sabbat
Beham, Hans Sebald, 62 Blackstone, William, 125–126
Behringer, Wolfgang, 105–106, 1031, 1211 Blåkulla, 38–39, 126–127, 185, 990, 1208
Bekker, Balthasar, 106, 106–107,262, 315, 601, 738, Blockes-berges Verrichtung (Prätorius), 929–930
751, 873, 1048 Blood, 127–129, 964
Belgium, 56–58, 137, 209, 275, 291, 415, 505, 511, Bocage (region in Normandy), 211
712, 789, 810, 813, 1123 Bodenham, Anne, 617
trials in, 814–816 Bodin, Jean, 30, 49, 67, 129–131,137, 193, 233,
Belief legends, 383–384 235, 259, 261, 310, 317, 380, 446, 467, 625,
Beltane, 469, 796, 1178 662, 748, 849, 885, 923, 989, 1016–1017,
Benandanti, 38, 108–109, 132, 889 1046, 1109, 1182, 1194, 1204, 1233
Benedict XII, Pope, 880, 1163 Bodman, Rupert, 608
See also Papacy and papal bulls Body of the witch, 62, 131–133, 1124
Benevento, walnut tree of,109–110,902 Boguet, Henri, 133–134, 1213
Berkeley, Witch of, 110–111 Bohemia, Kingdom of, 134–135, 785, 1038–1039,
Bermuda, 111–112 1129
Bern, 36, 630, 661, 790, 827, 859, 891, 896–897, Bohuslän, 135–136
1067, 1100–1101, 1159–1160, 1163–1165 Bonelli, Benedetto, 1107, 1108
Bernard, Claude, 672–673 Boniface III, Pope, 1111
Bernard of Clairvaux, St., 664, 1110 See also Papacy and papal bulls
INDEX I-3 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,279 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.4 Application File
Boniface, St., 548 C
Boniface VII, Pope, 623
See also Papacy and papal bulls Caesarius of Arles, 157
Books, 136–138 Cagnazza, Giovanni of Taggia (or Tabia), 158
See also Grimoires; Holy books; Literature Calisto, 177
Bordeaux, Parlement of, 49, 386, 622–623, 780, 948, Calvin, John, 158–159, 194, 411
95096 Calvinist movement, 33–34, 158–159, 802
Bordelon, Laurent, 63, 138, 656 Cambrai nuns, 159–160
Borghesi, Aspremio, 978 Cambridge University, 865–866
Borromeo, St. Carlo, 138–140, 384 Cameroon, 12, 45, 327, 639
Borst, Arno, 790–791 Campanella, Tommaso, 160–161, 1146–1147
Bosnia, 83–86, 234, 416, 1042 Canada, witchcraft in, 471, 821–822, 1215
Boucher, Jean, 140–141 Canary Islands, 3–4, 683, 1057
Bouguet, Henri, 381 Candle in the Dark, A (Ady), 10
Bovet, Richard, 141–142 Canisius, St. Peter, 161–162
Boyer, Paul, 44, 165 Cannibalism, 162–164, 183–184, 1202
Brainwashing, 1183–1184 Canon Episcopi,30, 164–165, 538, 581–582, 597,
Brandenburg, Electorate of, 142–143, 419–420 635, 756, 904, 951, 988, 999, 1044–1045,
Brant, Sebastian, 645 1081, 1092, 1107, 1169, 1203
Brazil, 143–144 Canon Law, 29, 35, 53, 55, 113, 124, 151, 157,
Bremen, 432, 462, 471–473 164–165, 168, 224–225, 233, 317, 318, 335,
Brenz, Johann, 144–145, 936, 1119 342–343, 414, 455, 457–458, 493, 510, 515,
Breu, Jörg, the elder, 145–146 538, 554, 557, 558, 597, 599, 645, 646, 648,
Britain.See England 658, 773, 776, 792, 795, 861, 879, 912, 938,
Brixen, diocese of, 194, 306, 451–452, 552, 613, 967–969, 971, 994, 1008, 1040, 1044, 1081,
718, 719, 722, 889, 1137, 1179 1085, 1097, 1116, 1143, 1145, 1185
Brochmand, Jesper Rasmussen, 146–147 Cantimori, Delio, 496
Brocken, 109, 143, 264, 420, 929, 1178 Capitalism, 165–166
Broomsticks, 1086–1087 Carcassonne, 386, 465, 547, 558, 598, 619, 1063,
Brossier, Marthe, 25, 114, 147–148, 219–220, 1169
1183 Cardano, Girolamo, 166–167,1046
Browne, Thomas, 468 Cardière, Marie-Catherine, 444
Brueghel, Pieter the Elder, 148–149, 1113, Carli, Gianrinaldo, 1107
1124 Carnal knowledge, 1024–1025
Bruno, Giordano, 1016 See also Sexual activity, diabolic
Brunswick, 434 Caro Baroja, Julio, 167–168
Buch der Tugend(Vintler), 1170 Carolina Code, 8–9, 56, 71, 72, 168–169, 430,
Buirmann, Franz, 149 505–506, 629, 636, 637, 934–935, 1008, 1128,
Bullinger, Heinrich, 150 1130, 1143, 1145, 1212, 1228
Buon, Nicolas, 1235 Carpi, 169–170
Burchard of Worms, 151, 493 Carpzov, Benedict, 40, 170–171, 1009, 1117
Burgkmaier, Hans, 60 Casaubon, Meric, 171–172
Burgundy, Duchy of, 76–77, 151–153 Cassini (Cassinis), Samuel de, 172–173, 1045
Burning Times, 153 Castañega, Martín de, 132, 173–174
Burnings, 85–86, 209, 335 Cathars, 93, 162, 164, 174, 207, 209, 272, 277,
Burr, George Lincoln, 153–154, 495 289–290, 322, 328, 368, 380, 458, 471,
Burton, Boy of, 154–155 485–486, 535, 554, 631, 643, 728, 771, 855,
Burton, Robert, 649, 747, 1103 859, 879, 896, 901, 964, 966, 968, 988, 1002,
Bury St. Edmunds, 313, 468, 503, 531, 675, 1007, 1115, 1126, 1161, 1163, 1203, 1209
1074 Catholic Church. SeeRoman Catholic Church
I-4 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,280 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.5 Application File
Cats, 174–175, 347–348, 828 Christians
See also Animals Devil and, 271–272
Cauldrons, 132, 176–177, 1203 early, 119–120
Cauls, 175–176 New, 557
Causation, 976–977, 979, 1211 Chronology of witchcraft trials, 187–190, 1209–1210
Cautio Criminalis seu de processibus contra sagsa liber Church courts. SeeCourts, ecclesiastical; Courts,
(Spee), 1013, 1076–1077, 1129, 1130 inquisitorial
Celestina, La, 177–178 Church of England, 941
Cervantes (Saavedra), Miguel de, 178–179 Church of Satan, 125
Cesalpino, Andrea, 179–180 See also Satanism
Champagne, province of, 91, 98, 387–388, 683, 885 Cimitri, Gentile, 158
Champier, Symphorien, 1045 Cinema, 369–372
Change-of-season rites, 364–365 Circe, 190–191
Channel Islands, 180–181 Circle. See Magic circle
Chapman, George, 957 Ciruelo, Pedro, 191–192
Charles II, King of England, 337, 974 Clairvoyance, 1037–1038
Charles IV, Duke, 384–385, 643 Clark, Stuart, 192–193
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, 46, 607, 643, 842 See also Historiography
Charles V, Emperor, 36, 66, 71, 72, 168, 292, 299, Clement II, Pope, 994
362, 398, 426, 430, 505–506, 567, 636–637, See also Papacy and papal bulls
810, 862, 1008, 1011, 1143, 1198, 1228, 897, Clement V, Pope, 1111
954 See also Papacy and papal bulls
Charles VII, King of France, 949 Clergy, 193–197,222–223
Charms, 34–36, 181–182, 1077–1078, 1150, See also Dominican order; Roman Catholic Church;
1224–1225 Sacraments and sacramentals
Chartier, Robert, 3 Clerical magic, 197–198
Chelmno Law, 938–939 Climate, 21–22, 68, 75, 660–662
Chesapeake, 182–183 See also Agrarian crises; Little Ice Age; Weather
Child witches, 19–20, 30–31, 94–95, 184–185, 653 magic
Childbirth, 762–763 Cobham, Eleanor, 198–199
Children, 94, 162, 183–185, 452–453, 547–548, Coe, Jone, 121–122
587, 783, 978, 996, 1020, 1149, 1208, 1237 Cohn, Norman, 381, 657, 1002, 1216
See also Binsfeld, Peter; Boguet, Henri; See also Historiography
Cannibalism; Infanticide; Mora Witches; Cologne, 199–201, 362–363, 773–774, 877,
Possession, demonic; Rémy, Nicholas; Salem; 953–954, 1210, 1213, 1218
Witch finders See also Ecclesiastical territories; Ferdinand of
Chiliasm, 47 Cologne; Witch-Bishops
Christ. See Jesus Comedy of Errors(Shakespeare), 1029
Christian III, King of Denmark, 683 Communal magical rites, 425
Christian IV, King of Denmark, 185–186 Communal persecution, 201–203
Christian V, King of Denmark, 1011 Communist Party, 1216
Christianity Compendium Maleficarum (Guazzo), 62, 566, 655,
See also Anabaptists; Exorcism; Holy water; 920, 926, 1184
Mennonites; Protestant Reformation; Roman Confessions, 9, 196–197, 203–206,353–354, 666,
Catholic Church; Sacraments and sacramentals 838, 1111, 1127, 1129–1130, 1134,
blood in, 127 1183–1184, 1237
Devil, 271–272 See alsoTorture; Trials
magic and, 693–695 Confessors, 207–208
medicine and, 743 Confirmation and Discovery of Witchcraft (Stearne),
Orthodox, 860–863 1084–1085
INDEX I-5 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,281 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.6 Application File
Confiscation of witches’ property, 208 Cows, 766–767
See alsoTrials See also Animals
Congregation of the Holy Office, 108, 140, 215, 252, Cracow, 907–909, 1235
557, 576, 888 Cramp rings, 974
See also Inquisition, Roman Cranach, Lucas, 231–232
Conrad of Marburg, 208–209 Credulity, Superstition and Fanaticism(Hogarth), 63,
Constantine, Emperor, 853 500
Contemporary witchcraft, 209–213 Creoles, 1071–1072
See also Anthropology; Cunning Folk; Decline of Crépy, Jean, 63
the witch hunts; Historiography; Lynching; Crespet, Pierre, 232
Murray, Margaret Alice; Swimming test; Crime, 836–837
Toads; Wicca Crimen exceptum, 232–233,316–317, 1003, 1068,
Contraries/contrariety, 213–214 1130, 1145, 1230
Contzen, Adam, 214–215 Criminal proceedings, 5–6
Convent cases, 76–77, 179, 215–216, 652–653, See alsoTrials
669–672, 672–673 Croatia, 233–236
See also Carpi; Loudun Nuns; Louviers Nuns; Crop failures, 21–22, 87
Possession, demonic See also Agrarian crises
Conversos, 509, 551, 1070 Crossroads, 236–237
Convictions, 771 Crowley, Aleister, 90, 211, 495, 656, 703, 876, 949
See alsoTrials Crucible (Miller), 369, 370, 769
Cooper,Thomas, 216–217 Crystal balls, 1023
Copernica, 84 Cults
Corporeality, angelic and demonic, 217–219 fertility, 364–367
Corpus Hermeticum, 1016 folk, 524
Corpuscularianism, 402 pagan, 772
Cosmogony, 520–521 Cumulative concept of witchcraft, 72, 74, 130, 188,
Cothmann, Ernst, 1130 203, 205, 412, 414–415, 418–419, 425, 428,
Coton, Pierre, 219–220 485, 619, 624, 636, 660, 663, 739, 774, 815,
Cotta, John, 220–221, 1074 816–817, 867, 879–880, 936–937, 1061, 1064,
Cotton, Robert, 974 1065, 1123, 1142, 1149, 1211–1213
Council of Basel, 1162 Cunning folk, 182, 210–211, 222–223, 237–239,
Council of Florence, 992 388, 578, 745–746, 1201
Council of Lipsia, 641 See also Magic, popular
Council of Trent, 936, 969, 992 Cunning folk’s manuals, 239–240
Countermagic, 116, 221–223, 237–239, 332, 374 Curative magic, 745–746
Counter-Reformation, 54, 57, 72, 73, 89, 97, 97–98, See also Medicine and Medical Theory
100, 161, 262, 303–305, 303–306, 308, 359, Curses, 240–242, 255, 425, 1226
361, 398–399, 400, 422, 424, 506, 550, 579, See alsoWords, power of
587, 608, 609–610, 638, 658, 679, 688, 709, Cusanus, Nicolaus, 588
721, 960, 979, 992, 1038, 1078, 1108, 1168, Custumals, 228
1191–1192, 1197, 1204, 1211, 1217–1219, Cyranides, 489
1230–1231 Cysat, Renward, 890
Courts, ecclesiastical, 224–225, 920, 1133, Czech Republic, witchcraft in, 134–135, 415, 530,
1209–1210 785–787, 1042–1043
See also Inquisition; Roman Catholic Church
Courts, inquisitorial, 225–227 D
See also Inquisition; Trials
Courts, secular, 227–231,318–319, 855, 953–955, Daemonolatria (Rémy), 955–956, 989
1143–1144, 1209–1210, 1212 Daemonologie (James VI), 1, 584–585, 662, 835,
See alsoTrials 1017
I-6 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,282 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.7 Application File
D’anania, Giovanni Lorenzo, 245–246 Della forza della fantasia umana(Muratori), 795, 1107
Daneau, Lambert, 246, 1204 Della Porta, Giambattista, 258–259,847, 1015
Dante, 1111 Delphic Oracle, 1037
Danzig (Gdánsk), 246–247 Demandols de la Palud, Madeleine, 25–26
Darcy, Brian, 1083–1084 Demon lovers, 546–547
Darling, Thomas, 154–155 See also Sexual activity, diabolic
Darrell, John, 155, 247–248, 1017 Demonialitas expensa (Sinistrari), 1043
Dass, Petter, 1199 Demonic possession. SeePossession, demonic
Dauphiné, witchcraft trials in, 248–249, 636, Démonologie (Perreaud), 891–892
1114–1115 Demonology, 53, 68–69, 122–124, 130, 146–147,
De Betoverde Weereld (Becker), 106, 262, 315, 601, 259–263, 288, 408–409, 516–517, 890–891,
738, 751, 1048 909–910, 927, 979, 989–990, 995, 1107, 1108,
De crimine magiae (Thomasius), 1117 1169–1170, 1182, 1211–1212, 1226
De delictis et poenis (Sinistrari), 1043 Demons, 38–39, 69, 89–90, 117, 179, 193,
De ecclesiasticis disciplinis (Reginio of Prüm), 642 263–265, 523, 546–47, 587–588, 651–652,
De incantationibus seu ensalmis (Moura), 792–793 845, 858, 961, 1022, 1023, 1045, 1194
De la démonomanie de sorciers(Bodin), 129–130, 989 See also Corporeality, angelic and demonic;
See also Basque Country; France; Spain; Demonology; Sexual activity, diabolic;
Zugurramurdi, Witches of Weather magic
De la Démonomanie des sorciers (Bodin), 30, 67, 129, Antichrist, 37, 45–47, 601
137, 193, 233, 235, 259, 261, 310, 317, 380, Beelzebub, 119, 263, 277, 293, 339, 590, 626, 845
446, 467, 748, 849, 885, 989, 1046, 1194, 1233 existence of, 1108
De Lamiis et phitonicis mulieribus (Molitor), 475–476, exorcism of. SeeExorcism
776–777 flight and, 379–380
De Magicis Artibus (Rabanus), 947 as hallucinations, 538–539
De Martino, Ernesto, 1079 history, 263–264
De occulta philosophia (Agrippa), 847 Lilith, 651–652
De Praestigiis Daemonum(Weyer), 812 offices of, 264–265
De strigimagarum (Prierias), 932–933 signals to, 1226
De vera et falsa magia (Loos), 666 visual images of, 1113
Dead, the Denmark, 48, 146–147, 185–186, 265–269,
See also Necromancy 481–482, 637, 707–708, 1026, 1057, 1129
communication with, 1105 See also Hemmingsen, Niels; Iceland; Norway
Death sacrifices, 365–366 Denunciations of accomplices, 666, 1107, 1130
Deception and magic, 30–31, 249–250 Departure for the Sabbath (Teniers), 1112
Decline of the witch hunts, 250–254,314–315, Der neü Layenspiegel(Tengler), 60
1213–1214 Descartes, René, 269–270, 737–738, 1047
See also Enlightenment; Trials See also Skepticism
Decretum (Burchard), 151 Desecration, 1202
Dee, John, 254, 702, 809, 849, 963, 1023, 1037 D’Espaignet, Jean, 622
Defixiones, 255 Deutronomy, 117, 338, 441, 592–593, 640, 676,
See also Curses 808, 860
Defoe, Daniel, 255–256 Devil, 12, 29, 31, 44, 54, 73, 106–107, 237, 249,
Deguileville, Guillaume de, 59–60 270–273, 277, 358, 493, 587, 601, 695,
Del congress notturno delle lammie (Tartarotti), 1049, 714–715, 819, 1182
1107 See also Antichrist; Demonology; Demons; Devil
Del Rio, Martín, 66, 99, 109, 192, 256, 256–258, books; Devil's mark; Diabolism; Sabbat;
467, 588, 618, 646, 666, 688, 817, 881–882, Satanism
885, 940, 989, 1087, 1089, 1107, 1124, 1130, angels and, 37–39
1173, 1204 Apocalypse and, 47
Del Vaux, Jean, 56 children of, 547–548
INDEX I-7 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,283 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.8 Application File
Devil (continued) Dogs, 288–289, 1140
confessions and, 353–354 See also Animals
in drama, 292–293 Dolls, 537
exorcism of, 57 Dominican order, 53–54, 54, 160–161, 172, 174,
as goat, 446–447, 611 194, 208, 261, 288, 289–290,457, 511,
God and, 213, 920–921, 988 573–574, 574, 581–582, 612–613, 631, 718,
images of, 59–60, 776–777, 875–876, 1235 720, 722, 764, 826, 840, 879, 899, 932, 951,
intercourse with. See Sexual activity, diabolic 968, 1007, 1161
pact with. See Pact with the Devil See also Clergy; Inquisition, medieval
power of, 406, 623 Donnersberger, Joachim, 99, 1004
repudiation of, 601 Dorheim, Johann Georg von, 87
Devil books, 274–275 Double beings, 523
Devil worshipping, 915–916 Douglas, Mary, 290–291,496
See also Devil See also Anthropology
Devil’s mark, 112, 124, 131–132, 275–277,341, Dr Faustus (Marlowe), 957
467, 930, 1013, 1123–1124, 1124, 1183, 1207 Dragons, 521
Devins. SeeCunning folk Drama, 949, 957–959, 1017, 1027–1029
Diabolicus gandus, 626 Dutch, 291–293
Diabolism, 277–279, 1125 Italian, 294–295
Diana (Artemis), 158, 164, 270, 279–280, 279–280, Renaissance England, 957–959, 1027–1029
360, 479, 501, 581, 642, 783, 1044, 1107, Spanish, 295–296
1171–1172 Dreyer, Carl Theodor, 369–370, 888
Dictionnaire philosophique (Voltaire), 1173 Drugs and hallucinogens, 296–298, 296–298, 851,
Diderot, Denis, 314 1166–1167, 1172
Die Enmeis (Kayserberg), 60 See also Ergotism; Potions
Dijon, Parlement of, 50, 76, 152, 386–388 Druids, 1167
Dillingen, town of, 67–68, 161, 307, 395, 458, 478, Du sortilege (Lancre), 623
646, 986, 1106, 1114, 1192 Dualism, 42
Diocletian, Roman emperor, 634 See also Cathars; Devil; Manichaeism
Dionysus (Bacchus), 280–281 Duhr, Bernhard, 298–299
Directorium Inquisitorum (Eymeric), 342–343, 1161 Dupont-Bouchat, Marie-Sylvie, 57
Discernment of spirits, 282–283 Dürer, Albracht, 299–300, 842, 1006, 1188
Discours des Sorciers(Boguet), 133–134 See also Art and visual images
Discourse of the Damned Art of Witchcraft(Perkins), Durkheim, Emile, 494, 696
182, 217, 220, 732, 812, 866, 890–891, 942 Duval, André, 300–302
Discoverie of Witchcraft (Scot), 812, 869, 875, 957,
958–959, 1016–1017, 1046 E
Disease, 283–285, 649, 747–749, 751–752, 1225
See also Plague East Anglian witch hunts, 1181, 1213
Displaying of Supposed Witchcraft, The (Webster), Ecclesiastical courts. See Courts, ecclesiastical
1189 Ecclesiastical territories, 303–307,1210
Disquisitiones Magicae Libri Sex (Del Rio), 66, 99, See also Holy Roman Empire; specific territories
109, 192, 256, 467, 588, 618, 817, 881–882, Echter von Mespelbrunn, Julius, Prince-bishop of
885, 1087, 1089, 1107, 1124, 1173, 1204 Würzburg, 1217, 1218, 1230–1231
Divination, 117, 118, 285–287, 475, 853–854, 854, Eckhart, Mesiter, 555
1105 Eco, Umberto, 656, 1063, 1112
Divinatory techniques, 14, 120–121 Economic factors, 189, 540–541, 661–663,
Divine Comedy (Dante), 1111 1054–1059
Doctors, 744 Ecstasy, 1031
See also Medicine and medical theory Edict of Nantes, 114
Dodo, Vincente, 287–288, 1045 Edward III, King, 973
I-8 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,284 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.9 Application File
Edward I, King, 623–624 Episcopal justice, 317–319
Edward IV, King, 973–974 Erasmus, Desiderius, 319–320
Egypt, 117, 118, 537, 847, 1015, 1118–1119 Erastus, Thomas, 320–321
Ehrenberg, Philipp Adolf von, 1230–1231 Ergotism, 321–322, 772–773
Eichstätt, Prince-Bishopric of, 307–308, 1191–1193 See also Drugs and hallucinogens
See also Ecclesiastical territories; Witch-Bishops Errores Gazariorum, 322–323, 485, 631, 988–989,
Elf-shot, 626 1126–1127, 1161
Elizabeth I, Queen, 809, 941, 974 See also Feugeyron, Ponce
Elizabeth of Hungary, 1109 Eschenbach, Wolfram von, 1110
Ellwangen, Prince-Abbey of,308, 877, 1191–1193 Espaignet, Jean d’, 95, 622, 991
See also Ecclesiastical territories Essex, 323–325
Enchantment, 1077–1078 Esslingen, 542–543, 1213
Encyclopedia of Witchcraft and Demonology(Robbins), Estonia, 325–326
1065 Ethnology, 326–327
Endor, Witch of, 117–118, 308–310 See also Anthropology
See also Bible; Ghosts; Necromancy Eugenius IV, Pope, 327–328, 1064, 1161
Endymion (Lyly), 957 See also Papacy and papal bulls
Enemies of God (Larner), 627–628 Evans-Pritchard, Edward, 12, 43, 44, 290, 327,
England, 10, 24–25, 110–111, 121–122, 141–142, 328–329, 494, 496, 696, 1116, 1200
154–155, 180–181, 189, 198–199, 211–212, See also Africa (Sub-Saharan); Anthropology;
216–217, 220–221, 237–239, 247–248, Historiography
255–256, 310–314,331, 336–337, 345, Eve, 329–330,1131
353–354, 372–373, 442–443, 445–446, 466, See also Bible; Female witches; Gender
468–469, 498–501, 503–504, 512–514, Everyday magic, 524–525
531–532, 583–586, 600–601, 617–622, Evidence, 330–332, 564, 934–936, 995, 1074–1076,
687–688, 787–788, 825–826, 864–866, 951, 1107, 1109, 1189
973–974, 1016–1018, 1027–1029, 1031–1032, See also Experiments and tests; Tests for witchcraft;
1055–1056, 1083–1084, 1083–1085, Trials
1115–1116, 1177–1180, 1189–1190, 1190, Evil
1207 See also Devil; Eve
drama, 957–959, 1027–1029 principle of, 270–271
Essex, 323–325 symbolization of, 326–327
Exeter witches, 336–337 Evil eye, 35, 119, 132, 332–333
functionalist approach of, 43–45 See also Magic, popular
Lancashire witches, 619–622 Evils of Witches, The (Schäufelein), 60
laws, 637 Evocation, The (Teniers), 1112
Restoration, 171–172 Executioners, 333–335,1183
Somerset witches, 1060–1061 Executions, 70–71, 85–86, 153, 335–336, 627–628,
use of torture in, 1128 1183, 1210
Warboys, witches of, 1179–1180 See also Burnings; Laws on witchcraft, early mod-
English Civil War, 825, 942, 952 ern; Trials
English Witchcraft Act, 638, 639 Exeter witches, 336–337
Enlightenment, 69, 101–104, 117, 203, 314–316, Ex-German Democratic Republic (DDR). See
403–404, 441–442, 560, 602, 691–692, 738, Germany, Northeastern
771, 795, 1048–1049, 1085–1086, 1096–1097, Exile. See Punishments
1107–1108, 1116, 1173–1174 Exodus, 337–338, 592
See also Decline of the witch hunts; Historiography; See also Bible
Rationalism; Voltaire Exorcism, 57, 114, 147–148, 247–248, 338–340,
“Enormous” crimes, 316–317 403, 578, 749–750, 845, 921, 968–970, 1149,
See also Crimen Exceptum; Laws on witchcraft, early 1182, 1183–1184
modern; Origins of the witch hunts See also Possession, demonic
INDEX I-9 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,285 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.10 Application File
Experiments and tests, 340–342, 995 Ferrer, Dominga, 363–364,1161
See also Evidence; Tests for witchcraft; Trials Fertility, 18, 35, 43, 44, 212, 270, 279, 280, 281,
Eymeric, Nicolas, 342–343, 565, 809, 888, 350–351, 350–351, 370, 396, 443, 446, 465,
1063–1064, 1161 495, 496, 521–522, 524, 525, 765–766,
See also Inquisition, Medieval 765–766, 1105
See also Folklore
F Fertility cults, 364–367
See also Folklore; Murray, Margaret Alice
Fairfax, Edward, 345 Féry, Jeanne, 367–368
Fairies, 35, 38, 84, 85, 138, 221, 222, 237, 239, 281, Feugeyron, Ponce, 368–369
325, 345–347, 365, 366, 379, 384, 471, See also Errores Gazariorum
521–522, 524, 526, 527, 528, 529, 1033–1034 Feyerabend, Sigmund, 274
See also Murray, Margaret Alice Film, 369–372, 656
Fairy tales, 384 Filmer, Sir Robert, 262, 331, 354, 372–373
See also Grimm, Jacob Finland, 7, 189, 373–377, 407, 409, 412, 413, 1212
Familiars, 13, 40, 131–132, 148, 174–175, 275, 276, Finnmark, 147, 186, 838
288, 289, 310, 312, 341, 345, 347–348, See also Norway
347–349, 371, 383, 407, 442, 512, 513, 532, Fire ordeal, 85–86
547 See also Experiments and tests; Ordeal
See also Demons; England Fischart, Johann, 67, 352, 377–378
Familism, 351–352 Flade, Dietrich, 56, 67, 87, 154, 378–379, 477
Family, 13, 14, 43, 64, 274, 349–351,367, 376, 409, Flagellum haereticorum fascinariorum(Jacquier), 581
410, 427, 522, 526 Flight of witches, 41, 132, 287, 379–382, 495, 636,
Family of love, 351–352 851, 1086–1087, 1086–1087, 1131, 1140,
Faust, Johann Georg, 23, 128, 352–353,463, 1156, 1161–1162, 1172, 1203
480–481, 567, 868–869, 1179 Florence, 643
See also Pact with the Devil Florentius, Gregory, 1078
Faversham witches, 353–354 Fludd, Robert, 402
Fear, 1, 14, 15, 34, 45, 47, 115, 131, 189, 210, 211, Folk cults, 524
229, 272, 282, 354–356,358, 546, 596 Folk medicine, 128–129, 319, 357, 479, 494, 594
See also Antichrist; Apocalypse; Devil See also Medicine and medical theory
Feast of All Saints, 470 Folklore, 127, 132, 181–182, 221–223, 236–237,
Feijoo, Benito Geronymo, 314 364–65, 382–384,628–629, 760–762, 890,
Felix, Minucius, 611–612 1185–1186, 1199
Felix V, Pope, 92, 93, 194, 327, 328, 1126 Folktales, 46, 502
See also Papacy and papal bulls See also Folklore
Female body, 1124–1125 Formicarius (Nider), 992, 1209
Female witches, 85, 132, 321, 335, 356–359,360, Formularies, 456–457
375–376, 448, 572, 584, 748, 1210–1211 Förner, Friedrich, 1213, 1218
See also Gender; Women Fortalitium fidei contra fidei Christianae hostes(Spina),
Feminism, 356, 359–361, 495, 697 1080
Femininity, 1202 Fortes, Meyer, 43
Ferdinand II, Emperor, 72, 89, 361–362, 449, 506, Fortunetelling, 107, 237
609 See also Divination
See also Holy Roman Empire Foucault’s Pendulum (Eco), 1112
Ferdinand III, Emperor, 72–73, 74, 235, 507 Fourier, St. Pierre, 384–385
See also Holy Roman Empire Fourth Lateran Council (1215), 5, 53, 207, 564, 636,
Ferdinand of Cologne, 362–363,550, 599, 663, 855, 964, 1092, 1097
1218–1219 France, 10–12, 25–26, 25–26, 49, 58–59, 76–77,
See also Cologne 90–91, 113–115, 129–131, 138, 140–144,
I-10 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,286 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.11 Application File
147–148, 151–153, 190, 219–220, 232, 246, Freya (Freyja), 396
248–249, 253, 300–302, 367–368, 385–388, Fribourg, 9, 23, 162, 275, 401, 459, 486, 630–631,
389–390, 402–403, 595–596, 618–619, 770, 781, 790, 859, 978, 1099–1102, 1126,
622–623, 624–625, 652–653, 669–673, 1128, 1161, 1163, 1213
682–683, 779–780, 830–833, 845–846, Frisius, Paulus, 60, 82, 176, 396–397
884–887, 948–951, 955–957, 972–973, Friuli (Italian region), 4, 108, 132, 175, 238, 366,
1006–1008, 1056–1057, 1056–1057, 381, 496, 579, 889, 915, 1105
1109–1112, 1114–1115, 1149, 1156–1157, Fründ, Hans, 397–398
1169–1170, 1182–1183, 1207–1208 Fugger, Anton, 1023
See also Affair of the Poisons; Basque Country; Fugger family, 398–400
Cunning Folk; Mandrou, Robert; Normandy; Fulda, Prince-Abby of, 400, 434, 1213
Origins of the witch hunts See also Ecclesiastical Territories
Alsace, 31–32 Functionalist anthropology, 43–45, 716–717, 1116
Avignon, 77 See also Africa (Sub-Saharan); Anthropology;
Bar, 90–91 Historiography; Keith, Thomas; Macfarlane,
Burgundy, 76–77, 151–153 Alan
Franche-Comté, 8, 27, 51, 133, 251, 276, 385, Füssli, Johann Heinrich, 625
389–390, 1212-1213
Languedoc, 624–625 G
Normandy, 832–833
wars of religion, 140–141, 689, 710–711, Gaar, Georg, 101–102
1182–1183 Gappit, Perrissona, 401–402
Franche-Comté, 8, 27, 51, 133, 133–134, 251, 276, Gardner, Gerald, 153, 212, 495, 772, 797–798
385, 389–390, 1212–1213 See also Contemporary witchcraft
Franciscans, 170, 172–173, 207, 208, 288, 385, 457, Gassendi, Pierre, 402–403,499
597, 879 Gassner, Johann Joseph, 104, 399, 403–404, 602,
Francisci, Matteuccia, 113 607
See alsoTodi, Witch of Gastaldo, Giovanni Tommaso, 404
Francken II, Frans, 390–392, 440 Gaufridy, Louis, 25–26, 77, 196, 216, 220, 340, 444,
Franconia, 98–100, 145, 262, 303–305, 361, 652, 670, 1056
422–425, 427, 505–506, 541, 543, 587, 637, Gaule, John, 10, 405
662–663, 709, 736, 757, 842, 917, 1039, See also Hopkins, Matthew
1120–1121, 1192–1193, 1209, 1212, 1217, Gebsattel, Johann Philipp von, 1218
1230–1231 Geiler von Kayserberg, Johann, 60, 81, 176, 397,
Fraser, Helen, 1 405–407, 502, 1006
Fraud, 924 Gélis, Arnauld, 1163
Fredegunde, 392 Gender, 356–359, 407–411, 748–749, 777, 958,
Frederick III, Emperor, 505 1026, 1141, 1202, 1210–1211
Frederick II, King of Denmark, 46, 457, 504, 637, See also Female witches; Women
1011 Geneva, 411–412, 1148–1149
Frederick William I, King of Prussia, 6, 143, 253, See also Switzerland
314, 1130 Geography of the witch hunts, 412–416
Freemasonry, 1111–1112 German artists, 59–60
See alsoTemplars Germany, 188, 214, 416–417, 431–32, 471–473,
French Wars of Religion, 77 491–492, 636–637, 794–795, 897–898, 991,
Freud, Sigmund, 216, 392–393, 442, 494, 869, 1056, 1149, 1210, 1212
940–941 See also Bavaria; Holy Roman Empire
See also Psychoanalysis imperial free cities, 540–544
Freude, Michael, 393–395 northeastern, 142–143, 170–171, 417–421,
Frey, Bernhard, SJ, 395–396 739–741, 1008–1010
INDEX I-11 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,287 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.12 Application File
Germany(continued) Göldi, Anna, 450–451
Offenburg, 850–851 See also Decline of the witch hunts; Switzerland
Palatinate, electorate of, 870–872 Gollion, 877
panics in, 877–878 Golser, Georg, 451–452
southeastern, 421–425, 607–609 Gooderidge, Alice, 155
southwestern, 75–76, 144–145, 425–429, Goodwin children, 452–453
728–729, 759–760, 850–851, 1196–1197, Goody, Esther, 15
1227–1230 Gospels, 482, 589–592, 1109
Vienna, 1168–1169 See also Bible
west and northwest, 122–125, 199–201, 362–363, Goya y Lucientes, Francisco José de, 453–454
378–379, 429–437, 471–473, 491–492, See also Art and visual images
666–667, 708–710, 794–795, 864, Graeter, Jacob, 454–455
1011–1012, 1082–1083, 1082–1083, Grandier, Urbain, 26, 67–72, 128, 137, 195–196,
1135–1136 216, 301, 340, 370, 388, 444, 588, 670–672,
witch hunts in, 3–4, 31–32, 87–89 727, 868, 931, 1056, 1065
Gerson, Jean, 172, 192, 282, 283, 301, 437–438 See also Loudun Nuns
See also Paris, University of Gratian, 455
Gerusalemme liberata(Tasso), 1108 Graubünden (Grisons), 455–456
Gervase of Tilbury, 596, 618, 756 Great Basque Witch Panic, 95–97
Geschichte der Hexenprozesse(Soldan), 1060 Greek Church, 1002
Geschiere, Peter, 44–45 Greek epics, 507–508
Gesualdo, Carlo, 438 Greek law, 632–633
Gheyn II, Jacques de, 61–62, 82, 148, 162–163, See also Laws on witchcraft, early modern
162–163, 391, 438–440 Greek Magical Papyri, 456–457, 489, 808, 925–926,
See also Art and Visual Images 1117
Ghost Dance, 767 Greek mythology, 190–191, 782, 875–876
Ghosts, 43, 440–442,522, 828, 910–911, 1122 Greeks, 846–847
See also Poltergeist; Revenants Greene, Robert, 957
Gifford, George, 10, 261, 324, 442–443 Gregory I, Pope, 879
Gillot, Claude, 63 See also Papacy and papal bulls
Ginzburg, Carlo, 108, 381–382, 443–444, 496, 657, Gregory IX, Pope, 208–209, 224–225, 457–458,
793, 889, 1124, 1160 642, 968
See also Historiography See also Papacy and papal bulls
Girard, Jean-Baptiste, 316, 444–445 Gregory of Valencia, 458–459
Glanvill, Joseph, 41, 141, 171, 262, 310, 445–446, GregoryVII, Pope, 642, 682
500, 1048 See also Papacy and papal bulls
Glover, Mary, 111, 452–453, 466, 600, 733, 745 Gretser, Jacob, SJ, 459
Goat, 446–448,611, 1235 Greve, Johann, 598–599, 1129
See also Animals; Devil Grillando (Grillandus), Paolo (Paulus), 380, 459–460,
God, 53, 482, 695, 819 1064
See also Bible; Jesus Grimm, Jacob, 460–462,495, 806, 1164
Devil and, 106–107, 213, 920–921, 988 See also Fairy tales; Folklore; Historiography
omnipotence of, 1221–1222 Grimoires, 35, 56, 462–464, 1167, 1173
protection of innocent by, 1130 See also Books; Magic, learned; Ritual magic
Goddesses, 279–280, 396, 479, 782 Guardian spirits, 1105
Godelier, Maurice, 696–697 Guazzo, Francesco Maria, 62, 464–465,539, 566,
Goedelmann, Johann Georg, 16, 99, 233, 261, 262, 655, 778, 920, 926, 1184, 1204
448–449, 1120, 1145 See also Art and visual images
Goldast, Melchoir, 449–450 Gui, Bernard, 465–466, 1063, 1161
Golden Legend (Voragine), 490 See also Inquisition, Medieval
I-12 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,288 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.13 Application File
Guilt, determination of, 1134 Healing, magical, 1073
Gunter, Anne, 31, 466, 600, 745 See also Healers; Magic, popular
See also England; Exorcism; Possession, demonic Healing rites, 425
Healing, royal, 972–974
H Heart of Midlothian, The(Scott), 1021
Hebrew Bible. See Old Testament
Habsburgs, 70, 73–74, 84, 1174–1175 Hecate, 479
See also Austria; Holy Roman Empire Hell, 479–481
Hague, The, 33, 439 See also Devil
Hair, 467–468 Hell, Kaspar, 550–551, 588
See also Art and visual images; Body of the witch Hemlock, 481
Hale, Sir Matthew, 468–469 See also Drugs and hallucinogens; Poison; Potions
Hall, Christopher, 65 Hemmingsen, Niels, 481–482, 1011
Halloween, 469–471,475 See also Demonology; Denmark
See also Walpurgis Night Henningsen, Gustav, 482–483,1031
Hallucinogens. SeeDrugs and hallucinogens See also Historiography
Hamayon, Roberte, 1031 Henry III, King, 973
Hamburg, 471–472 Henry IV, King, 141, 973
Hand of Glory, 473–474,1112 See also France
Handel, Frideric, 852 HenryVIII, King, 974
Hanging, 335–336 HenryVI, King, 198, 973
See also England; Executions See also England
Hansen, Joseph, 474–475,494, 495, 1160 HenryVI (Shakespeare), 957–958
See also Historiography Hepstein, Johann, 483–484
Harry Potter(Rowling), 657 Herbal medicine, 481, 484–485, 725–726, 830, 851,
Hartlieb, Johann, 475,1023 1166–1167
Hasidism, 595 See also Cunning folk; Medicine and medical theory
Hat, 475–476 Heresy, 58–59, 60, 208–209, 277, 327, 485–488,
See also Art and visual images 601, 613–615, 636, 831, 861–862, 968,
Hauber, Eberhard David, 476–477,1065–1066 992–993, 1160–1166, 1201–1202
Hauff, Daniel, 1213 See also Cathars; Dominican order; Inquisition;
Hausma:nnin, Walpurga, 477–479 Origins of the witch hunts; Vaudois
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 656 Heresy trials, 36–37
Haydn, Joseph, 852 See also Mountains and origins of witchcraft;
Healers, 237–239, 772, 1054–1055, 1140, 1164 Origins of witch hunts; Trials
See also Cunning folk; Magic, popular; Medicine Heretics, 601, 613–615, 1160–1166
and medical theory Hermeneutic anthropology, 1116
Healing, 35, 38, 61, 107, 119–120, 145–146, Hermes Trismegistus, 488–489, 701, 847–848,
181–182, 193, 197, 210, 221, 223, 238, 281, 1015–1016, 1118–1119
339, 346, 366, 367, 374–376, 394, 396, 407, Hermetic order of the Golden Dawn, 211, 703
453, 472, 479, 521, 522, 524–525, 531, 563, Hermetica,1117
574, 578, 587, 589–590, 633, 664, 679, 693, Hermeticism, 488–490, 1015–1016
710, 713, 724–725, 743–746, 760, 762, 765, See also Magic, learned
769, 774, 775, 788, 792, 819, 824, 834, Hermogenes, 490–491
836–837, 846, 849, 855, 868, 889–890, 895, Herodias, 279–280, 379, 396, 440, 502, 829, 1044,
913, 914–915, 919, 922, 925, 961, 964, 1080
972–974, 977–979, 983, 1008, 1009, Herr, Michael, 62
1029–1030, 1035, 1037, 1063, 1071–1073, Herwarth von Hohenburg, Johann Georg, 99
1078, 1088, 1103, 1105, 1125, 1136, 1164, Hesse, 434, 491–492
1170, 1175, 1201, 1224–1225 See also Germany, North and Northwest
INDEX I-13 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,289 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.14 Application File
Hewbrew Bible. SeeOld Testament Honor, 509–511
Histoire de l’Inquisition d’Espagne (Lamothe-Langon), Honorius III, Pope, 289, 457, 463
619 See also Papacy and papal bulls
Historia de Gentibus(Magnus), 707–708 Hoogstraten, Jacob van, 511–512
Historiography, 492–498, 618–619, 1116 Hopkins, Matthew, 40, 512–514,771, 825, 840,
History of Magic and Experimental Science 942, 978, 1084, 1128, 1181, 1183, 1207,
(Thorndike), 1117–1118 1213
Hitler, Adolf, 806 See also England; Gaule, John; Stearne, John; Witch
Hobbes, Thomas, 498–499,738, 1048 Finders
See also Mechanical philosophy; Skepticism Horace, 514
Hobsbawm, Eric, 494 House spirits, 522–523
Hogarth, William, 63, 499–501 House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC),
See also Art and visual images; Enlightenment 1215–1216
Hohenems, Franz Karl von, 50–51, 501 Hovaeus, Antonius, 514–515
See also Zaduz, County of Hubbard, L. Ron, 495
Holda, 501–502 Hume, David, 273, 314, 770, 787, 1048, 1048–1049,
See also Diana (Artemis); Night Witch/Night Hag 1104
Holiness, 502–503 Hundred Years’War, 595–596
See also Living saints Hungary, 515–520,1129
Holl, Maria, 832 See also Accusations; Austria; Balkans (western and
Holland, Henry, 941, 942 central); Carolina Code; Carpzov, Benedict;
Holocaust, 153, 417, 494, 496, 772 Croatia; Cunning folk; Demonology; Laws on
Holstein, 434 witchcraft; Lycanthropy; Panics; Plague;
See also Denmark; Germany, West and Northwest Protestant Reformation; Puritanism; Roman
Holt, Sir John, 503–504 Catholic Church; Skepticism; Taltos; Urban
See also England witchcraft; Witch hunts
Holy books, 137, 569–573 Hungary and southeastern Europe, magic, 520–526
See also Bible; Islamic witchcraft and magic; Quran Hungary and southeastern Europe, witchraft,
Holy Land, 1110–1111 526–530
Holy Office. See Inquisition, Roman See also Balkans (western and central); Trials
Holy Roman Emperor, 66, 643, 737, 974–975 Hunt, Robert, 1061
See also specific emperors Hussites, 530
Holy Roman Empire, 31, 50, 98, 168, 208, 303–307, See also Protestant Reformation
361–362, 389, 415, 456, 504–507, 587, Hutchinson, Francis, 531–532
636–637, 729–731, 953–955, 953–955, 1049, See also Decline of the witch hunts; Enlightenment;
1066, 1212, 1217–1220 Historiography
See also Alsace; Ecclesiastical territories; Germany; Huxley, Aldous, 370, 656, 759
individual emperors
Bamberg, 87–89 I
Brandenburg, 142–143
Lippe, 653–654 Ibn Khaldun, 570–571
Mainz, 708–710 Iceland, 533–534, 1213
Mecklenburg, 739–741 See also Male witches
Paderborn, 869–870 Iconography, 59–64, 80–82, 145–146, 391, 440
Holy water, 1184–1185 See also Art and visual images
See also Roman Catholic Church; Sacraments and Identification of witches, 85, 534, 1082, 1123–1124,
sacramentals 1139–1140
Homer, 507–508 See also Devil’s mark; Evidence; Experiments and
Homosexuality, 508–509 tests; Pricking of suspected witches; Tests for
See also Gender Witchcraft; Trials; Witch’s mark
I-14 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,290 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.15 Application File
Idolatry, 89–90, 534–536 Portuguese, 556–557, 919–920, 1133
See also Bible; Devil; Ritual magic Roman, 26–27, 169–170, 195, 224–225, 558–560,
Il messaggiero(Tasso), 1108 1034–1036, 1047, 1130, 1133
Iliad(Homer), 507–508 Spanish, 54–56, 82–83, 93–97, 173, 189, 276–277,
Illness, 221, 283–285 381, 560–562, 644, 991, 1032, 1047, 1130, 1133
See also Disease; Medicine and medical theory Venetian, 562–563
Image magic, 536–538 Inquisitorial procedure, 5–6, 563–565, 1116, 1133,
Imagination, 538–540 1134, 1212
Imperial free cities, 65–67, 540–544,831–832, Instrucio pro formandis,559
841–842, 850–851 Interrogations, 1134
See also Holy Roman Empire See also Trials
Impotence, sexual, 544–546, 978, 1010 Inversion, 1226
See also Magic, popular Invocations, 565–567
Imps, 40 See also Demons; Ritual magic
See also Demons; Fairies Ireland, 567–568,613–615
Incantations, 1077–1078, 1168 See also Quteler, Alice
Incarnation, 114 Isidore of Seville, St., 568–569, 618
Incubus and succubus, 546–548,1131, 1189 Islamic witchcraft and magic, 569–573
See also Demons; Sexual activity, diabolic Isolani, Isidoro, 573–574
Index of Prohibited Books, 46, 320, 551, 559, 578, See also Italy
688 Israel, 117
Indians. See Native Americans Italy, 109–110, 112–113, 245–246, 294–295, 438,
Indiculus Superstitionum et Paganiarium, 548–549 558–569, 562–563, 573–574, 574–579,
See also Sorcery; Superstition 763–765, 774–776, 832–833, 898–902,
Infanticide, 549–550, 789–790, 896–897, 1149, 951–952, 1032–1036, 1057, 1108–1109,
1202 1125–1126, 158.169–158.170
See also Cannibalism; Children; Sabbat See also Benevento, Walnut Tree of; Mountains and
Infants, 175–176 origins of witchcraft; Origins of witch hunts;
Ingolstadt, University of, 550–551 Roman Inquisition
See also Bavaria; Gregory of Valencia; Jesuits; drama, 294–295
Universities Milan, 763–765
Innocent III, Pope, 207, 289, 457, 554, 555, 855, Modena, 774–776
1115 Naples, 801–802
See also Papacy and papal bulls Piedmont, 900–901
Innocent IV, Pope, 554 Sicily, 1032–1034
See also Papacy and papal bulls Venetian Inquisition, 562–563
Innocent VIII, Pope, 551–552, 856, 880 Ivanhoe(Scott), 1022, 1112
See also Kramer, Heinrich; Papacy and papal bulls
Innsbruck, 552–553 J
See also Austria; Kramer, Heinrich
Inquisition, 49, 276–277, 318–319, 631, 637, 771, Jabir ibn Hayyan, 571
774–775, 968, 969 Jackals, 288–289
Brazilian, 143–144 Jackson, Elizabeth, 600
confessions and, 204–206 Jacquier, Nicolas, 93, 581–582
courts, 225–227 Jailers, 582–583
Dominican, 289–290 See also Executioners
medieval, 553–556 James VI and I, King of Scotland and England, 1,
Mexican, 823–825 186, 189, 583–586, 662, 812, 835, 974, 1010,
Peruvian, 822 1017, 1019, 1097, 1188
popular culture and, 108 See also England; North Berwick witches; Scotland
INDEX I-15 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,291 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.16 Application File
Jansenism, 26 Justices of the peace, 155, 217, 248, 311, 313, 345,
Janssen, Johannes, 887 372, 513, 568, 620–621, 1016, 1061, 1083,
Jerusalem, 1110–1111 1134, 1181, 1190
Jesuits (Society of Jesus), 57, 98–99, 100, 101–102,
113–114, 161–162, 214–215, 219–220, K
256–258, 298–299, 395–396, 444–445, 459,
550–551, 586–589,710–711, 805, 923, 950, Kabbalah, 605–607,701
1076–1077, 1106, 1122, 1155–1156, See also Jews
1406–1407 Kafka, Franz, 656
See also Bavarian War of the Witches; Exorcism; Kelley, Edward, 963
Loudun nuns; Possession, demonic; Kempe, Margery, 1109
Superstition Kempten, prince-abbey of, 607–609
Jesus, 47, 119–120, 128, 181, 589–592,731, 847, See also Ecclesiastical territories
921, 964, 1002, 1105, 1109 Kepler, Johannes, 609–611
See also Bible Kieckhefer, Richard, 809
Jews, 117–119, 128, 368, 589, 592–595, 860, 964, Kiev,WItch of, 1139
968, 988, 1203 Kircher, Athanasius, 34–35
See also Bible; Judaism; Old Testament; Ritual mur- Kirk (national church of Scotland), 1, 1018
der See also Scotland
Joan of Arc, 128, 595–596, 832, 949 Kiss of shame, 611–612
John of Bridlington, 1109 See also Devil; Sabbat
John of Salisbury, 596–597 Knights Templar, 89–90, 858, 1109–1112
John XXII, Pope, 328, 597–598,619, 879, 1063 Knots, 1199–1200
See also Origins of witch hunts; Papacy and papal See also Sexual impotence
bulls Koran. SeeQuran
Jonctys, Daniel, 598–599, 812 Kramer (Institoris), Heinrich, 46–47, 70–71, 330,
See also Netherlands, Northern 339, 381, 493, 552–553, 608, 612–613, 636,
Jonson, Ben, 958 655, 717–722, 717–723, 880, 936, 1092, 1135,
Jordanaeus, Johannes, 599–600 1142, 1162, 1172, 1179, 1186, 1194, 1209,
See also Netherlands, Northern 1211
Jorden, Edward See also Innsbruck; Malleus Maleficarum;Origins of
See also England the Witch Hunts
Joris, David, 601 Kulturkampf(Hansen), 495
Joseph II, Emperor, 507, 602, 639, 1049 Kyteler, Alice, 42–43, 613–615, 809, 858
See also Austria; Decline of the witch hunts; Holy See also Ireland
Roman Empire
Judaism, 35, 118, 277, 511, 556–557, 592–595, 605, L
605–607, 636, 658, 692–693, 692–693, 770,
781, 847, 1092 Labourd region (Pays de Labourd), 95–96, 260, 387,
See also Jews 561, 622–623, 841, 952, 989, 999, 1235
Judges, executions of witch hunting, 842–843, Lambe, John, 617–618
1004–1005 Lamia, 162, 260, 379, 382, 449, 597, 618
Julius II, Pope, 880 See also Witchcraft
See also Papacy and papal bulls Lamiarum sive striarum opusculum(Visconti), 1171
Junius, Johannes, 602–603 Lamothe-Langon, Etienne-Léon de, 618–619
See also Bamberg, Prince-Bishopric of See also Historiography
Juries in witchcraft trials, 5, 10, 112, 183, 205, 225, Lancashire witches, 182, 217, 314, 586, 619–622
312–313, 468, 503–504, 531, 600, 681, 820, See also England
874, 935, 998, 1019, 1032, 1129, 1133–1135, Lancre, Pierre de, 2, 49, 63, 95–96, 130, 138, 160,
1144, 1190 175, 189, 260, 387, 439, 561, 622, 622–623,
I-16 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,292 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.17 Application File
875, 877, 989–990, 990, 1087, 1204, 1213, Legends, 24, 38, 41, 75, 236, 249, 383–384,
1235, 1236 383–384, 502
See also Demonology; France Leiden University, 439, 812
Langton, Walter, 623–624 Lemgo, 274, 432, 435, 476, 653–654, 918, 1210
See also England Lemnius, Levinus, 649
Languedoc, 48, 141, 152, 187, 189, 276, 289, 318, Leo XIII, Pope, 54, 161, 880
319, 388, 389, 458, 465, 512, 513, 555, See also Papacy and papal bulls
624–625 Leo X, Pope, 688, 749, 880, 932
See also France See also Papacy and papal bulls
Lapland, 373, 374, 473, 625–627 Leopold I, Emperor, 50, 51, 507, 608, 953–954
See also Finnmark; Norway Leprosy, 128
Larkham, Thomas, 952 See also Disease
Larner, Christina, 233, 496, 627–628 Letters on Demonology and Witchcraft (Scott), 1022
See also Historiography; Scotland Levack, Brian, 172, 332, 356, 485, 519, 520,
Latvia, 325, 326, 412, 415, 416, 628–630 650–651
Lausanne, diocese of, 368, 630–632,1126–1127 See also Historiography
See also Origins of witch hunts; Switzerland LeVey, Anton, 125
LaVey, Anton, 1003 See also Satanism
Laws on witchcraft, 72–74, 585, 855–856, 861–862, Leviathan(Hobbes), 498–499
919–920, 938–939, 1143–1145, 1212 Leviticus, 117–118, 256, 291, 641
ancient, 632–634,970–971 Liable accusers, 6
Carolina Code, 8–9, 8–9, 56, 71, 72, 168–169, Lichtenstein, principality of, 50–51, 415, 501, 786,
168–169, 430, 505–506, 629, 636, 637, 917, 953–954, 1153–1154
934–935, 934–935, 1008, 1128, 1130, 1143, See also Hohenems, Franz Karl von; Kempten,
1145, 1212, 1228 prince-abbey of; Reichshofrat
early modern, 634–640 Lilith, 117, 119, 120, 379, 382, 523, 525, 548,
medieval, 640–643 651–652, 828
Lawyers, 2, 3, 38, 59, 66, 67, 99, 100, 101, 103, 126, See also Demons
175, 200, 202, 204, 206, 228, 233, 252, 260, Lille nuns, 160, 301, 652–653
262, 273, 305, 331, 332, 343, 359, 361, 386, See also Convent cases; Exorcism; Possession,
388, 389, 422, 423, 441, 444, 450, 455, 459, demonic
461, 483, 494, 506, 533, 550, 551, 555, 565, Lilly,William, 65
599, 644–645 L’incredulité et mescéance du sortilege (Lancre), 623
See alsoTrials Lippe, county of, 19, 20, 430, 432, 436, 653–654
Layenspiegel(Tanner), 63, 66, 565, 567, 645–646, See also Germany,West and Northwest
1142–1143 Literature, 654–658, 1021–1022, 1114, 1145,
See also Germany 1145–1146
Laymann, Paul, 251, 261, 299, 587, 588, 599, See also specific authors and texts
646–647, 1129, 1130 Lithuania, 325, 326, 412, 414, 658–660
Le Champion des dames (Le Franc), 647 Litterae annuae, 587
Le Franc, Martin, 93, 164, 194, 328, 647–648 Little Ice Age, 22, 105, 106, 425, 506, 507, 577, 579,
See also Origins of the Witch Hunts 660–664, 791, 1187, 1211
Lea, Henry Charles, 154, 477, 495, 648–649 See also Agrarian crises; Weather magic
See also Historiography Living saints, 158, 445, 503, 573, 574, 578,
Leach, Edmund, 696–697 664–665, 1164–1165
Learned magic, 12, 34, 35, 51, 93, 167, 192, 198, Llorente, J.A., 94
241, 242, 448, 490, 574, 700–704, 1209 Lloyd, Temperance, 336, 337
See also Hermeticism; Ritual magic Lo Stregozzo(Veneziano), 62
Legal system. See Courts, ecclesiastical; Courts, Locke, John, 373, 1048
secular See also Enlightenment
INDEX I-17 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,293 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.18 Application File
Logroño, 55, 93, 95–97, 173, 192, 208, 454, Luxembourg, Duchy of, 56, 57, 201, 430, 677–680,
561–562, 991, 994–996, 1155, 1235, 1236 1212
Löher, Herman, 665–666,873 Lycanthropy, 257, 680–682
Lombard, Peter, 53, 69, 218, 404 See also Metamorphosis
Lombards, 109–110 Lyly, John, 957
Loos, Cornelius, 124, 125, 154, 194, 261, 378, 477, Lynching, 54, 56, 57, 84, 86, 91, 200, 233, 235, 327,
666–667 385, 413, 682–685, 840
See also Skepticism See also Executions; Number of witches
Löper, Bernhard, 870
Lord’s Prayer, 667 M
See also Clerical magic; Words, power of
Lorraine, Duchy of, 9, 18, 32, 90, 90–91, 91, 202, Macbeth(Shakespeare), 585, 957–958, 1027–1028,
208, 260, 301, 377, 384–950-51, 506, 1078
667–669,955–957, 1213 Macfarlane, Alan, 12, 17, 18, 44, 165, 267, 323, 357,
See also France; Rémy, Nicholas 360, 493, 687–688, 977
Loudun nuns, 77, 129, 170, 216, 669–672 See also Anthropology; Functionalist anthropology;
See also Convent cases; Exorcism; France; Historiography
Possession, demonic Machiavelli, Niccolò, 39, 98, 214, 294, 424,
Louis XIV, King, 10–12, 32, 125, 190, 314, 390, 688–689, 778
679–680, 832–833, 832–833 Machiavellianism, 39, 98, 214, 294, 424, 688–690,
See also Decline of the Witch Hunts; France 778
Louviers nuns, 672–673 Mackenzie, Sir George, 690–691, 1020
See also Convent cases; Exorcism; Possession, See also England
demonic Macon, 107.891
Love magic, 11, 12, 101, 124, 125, 134, 144, 151, Maffei, Scipione, 315, 691–692, 1107, 1108
164, 177, 179, 191, 296, 374, 389, 409, 425, See also Italy
438, 450, 453, 524, 525, 538, 575, 578, Magi, 1108
673–675,978, 1149–1150 Magiae naturalis (della Porta), 1015
See also Inquisition, Venetian; Magic, Popular; Magic, 24, 44, 456–457, 552–553, 1226
Potions Antichrist and, 45–46
Lowes, John, 513, 675–676 black, 118, 128, 425
See also England; Hopkins, Matthew Christian, 119–120
Loyola, Ignatius, 586, 1109 circle, 698–700
Lucerne, 395, 397, 487, 682, 790, 859, 890, clerical, 197–198
1100–1101, 1114, 1154, 1164, 1213 countermagic and, 221–223, 237–239
Lucifer, 125, 174, 209, 232, 263, 271, 277–278, curative, 223, 422, 745–7461
291–293, 480, 485–486, 486, 567, 652, 1078, deception and, 249–250
1163 everyday, 524–525
See also Beelzebub; Devil Finnish, 373–374
Luciferianism. See Lucifer Hungary and southeastern Europe, 520–526
Luck, 35, 42, 42–43, 103, 115, 175, 181, 222, 242, image, 536–538
264, 326, 332 Islamic, 569–573
Ludus de antichristo, 46 Jewish, 118–119, 592–595
See also Antichrist learned, 12, 34, 35, 51, 93, 167, 192, 198, 241,
Lugbara society, 43–44 242, 448, 490, 574, 700–704, 700–704, 1209
Luhrmann, Tanya Marie, 44 love, 11, 12, 101, 124, 125, 134, 144, 151, 164,
Luther, Martin, 47, 54, 137, 141, 144, 187, 194, 231, 177, 179, 191, 296, 374, 389, 409, 425, 438,
264, 272, 278, 329, 352, 399, 455, 463, 464, 450, 453, 524, 525, 538, 575, 578, 673–675,
546, 644, 676–677,932, 934, 936, 992–993 673–675, 978, 1149–1150, 1149–1150
See also Protestant Reformation milk, 765–766
I-18 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,294 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.19 Application File
natural, 160–161, 704–705, 1014–1016 Mair, Lucy, 496
objects, 34–36 Maldonado, Juan, 140, 257, 261, 535, 710–711,
poisonous, 246, 514, 618, 741 1182
popular, 705–707, 1170–1171 See also France; Wars of Religion (France)
rain, 365 Male witches, 19–20, 40, 335, 360, 375–376, 388,
religion and, 692–698 391, 408, 533, 631–632, 631–632, 631–632,
religious, 524 653, 711–713, 833, 1139
rings, 961 See also Estonia; Finland; Gender; Iceland;
ritual, 961–964 Normandy; Russia
Russian, 981–982 Maleficium, 40, 54–55, 54–55, 71, 72, 92, 93, 104,
science and, 1013–1016 105, 118, 119, 123, 128, 136, 150, 155, 157,
suppression of, 277–278 174, 179, 180, 184, 187, 203, 205, 217, 228,
sympathetic, 1102–1104 230, 260, 278, 308, 321, 326, 337, 338, 374,
types of, 117 404, 412, 421, 425, 485, 487, 526, 535, 552,
weather, 22, 1119, 1185–1188 575–578, 594, 713–716,992, 1002, 1116,
white, 914 1202, 1226–1227, 1226–1227
Magic circle, 698–700, 1167–1168 See also Magic, Popular; Trials
Magic drum, 626 Malinowski, Bronislaw, 43, 494, 496, 716–717,
See also Lapland 1224
Magical cures, 1, 223, 422, 545–546 See also Anthropology; Historiography
Magical healing, 144, 182, 374, 396, 524, 578, 1073 Malleus judicum(Pleier), 905
Magical thinking, 42–43 Malleus Maleficarum,47, 218, 330, 358, 359–360,
Magical worldview, 592, 1015 381, 506, 509, 511, 538, 545, 547, 550, 552,
Magicians, 25, 40, 44, 45, 56, 83, 86, 93, 106, 107, 555, 574, 577, 581, 608, 612, 613, 636–637,
117, 120, 124, 136, 139, 141, 144, 162, 167, 636–637, 644, 645, 655, 660, 677, 681, 712,
187, 197, 198, 225, 249, 250, 256, 261, 277, 717–723, 731, 737, 745, 749, 756, 759, 762,
281, 284, 293, 296, 300, 315, 316, 328, 343, 764, 768, 771, 776–777, 776–777, 783,
352, 355, 356, 364, 366, 368, 379, 383, 384, 785–786, 810, 817, 826–827, 854, 856, 867,
388, 389, 404, 418, 419, 421, 437, 448, 449, 869, 878, 880, 885, 889, 893, 905, 909, 912,
462, 463, 479, 481, 490–491, 490–491, 493, 916, 930, 951, 952, 968, 992, 1008,
499, 509, 515, 521, 522, 523, 524, 526, 527, 1016–1017, 1016–1017, 1025–1026, 1055,
528, 533, 547, 569, 571, 574, 589, 591, 592, 1081, 1090, 1091, 1092, 1100, 1109, 1133,
753–754, 1041–1042, 1105–1106, 1107, 1137, 1142, 1162, 1172, 1179, 1184, 1186,
1136–1137, 1173 1194, 1197, 1203–1204, 1203–1204,
See also Cunning folk; Magic, learned; Magic, pop- 1203–1204, 1209, 1211, 1220
ular; Magus See also Demonology; Innocent VIII, Pope;
Magiologia(Anhorn), 39–40 Innsbruck; Kramer, Heinrich; Sexual activity,
Magnetism, 704 diabolic
Magnus, Albertus, 29, 53, 166, 290, 647, 848, 933, Malta, 413, 557, 558, 723–725
1014, 1136, 1169 Man, Andrew, 1
Magnus, Olaus, 625, 707–708, 1188, 1199 Mandrake, 289, 294, 297, 474, 481, 725–726
See also Demonology Mandrou, Robert, 726–727,1149
Magus, 119, 120, 160, 161, 320, 490, 495, 503, 594, See also Historiography
704–705, 704–705 Mani (prophet), 727–728
See also Magic, Learned Manichaeism, 68, 727–728
Mainz, Electorate of, 303, 308, 363, 492, 708–710, See also Devil; Dualism
1210, 1217 Marchtal, Imperial Abbey of,728–729
See also Ecclesiastical territories; Germany, See also Ecclesiastical territories
Southeastern; Witch-Bishops Margravate Baden-Baden, 79–80
Mainz, University of, 257, 431, 666, 773, 1145, 1230 Margravate Baden-Durlach, 79
INDEX I-19 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,295 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.20 Application File
Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress, 74, 507, 602, Menghi, Girolamo, 340, 460, 559, 578, 749–750,
639, 729–731, 1049, 1097, 1098 940
See also Austria; Decline of the Witch Hunts; Mennonites, 36, 37, 536, 601, 750–751, 873
Swieten, Gerard van See also Gender; Protestant Reformation
Marital status, 1054 Mental illness, 31, 253, 263, 289, 493, 747–749,
See also Family of love; Female witches 751–752, 1195
Mark of the Devil. See Devil’s mark See also Freud, Sigmund; Medicine and medical
Marlowe, Christopher, 23, 273, 342, 353, 463, 957 theory; Melancholy; Psychoanalysis; Weyer,
Martson, John, 958 Johann
Mary II, Queen, 974 Mergentheim, ecclesiastical territory of, 752–753, 877
Mary, Queen of Scots, 583 See also Ecclesiastical territories
Mary, the Virgin, 731–732, 1113–1114 Merian the Elder, Matthäus, 62
Masque of Queenes (Jonson), 958 Merlin, 40, 546, 753–754
Materials Toward a History of Witchcraft (Lea), 648 See also Magus
Mather, Cotton, 732–734, 768, 783, 941, 942–943 Merry Devil of Edmonton, 958
See also Demonology; New England; Salem Mersenne, Marin, 402
Mather, Increase, 734–736, 1075 Merzig-Saargua, 986
See also New England; Salem; Spectral evidence Metamorphoses (Golden Ass), 51, 379
Max III Joseph, 102 Metamorphosis, 40–41, 161, 191, 260, 261, 281,
Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria, 638, 736–737, 881 406, 448, 754–757, 1044, 1123, 1139,
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, 737, 1136 1202–1203
Mayer, Andreas Ulrich, 103 See also Lycanthropy
McCarthy, Joseph, 359, 769 Metamorphosis (Kafka), 656
Mechanical philosophy, 193, 314, 358, 737–739 Metonymy, 1224
Mecklenburg, Duchy of, 393, 418, 739–741 Mexican Inquisition, 823–825
See also Germany, Northeastern Meyfart, Johann Matthäus, 757–758,1129
Medea, 61, 119, 176, 190, 479, 741–742 Michelet, Jules, 460–461, 494, 495, 758–759
Meder, David, 742 See also Female witches; Historiography
Mediators, 524 Middle Rhine, 429–431
Medicine and medical theory, 179, 546, 578, 600, Middleton, Thomas, 43, 1017, 1028
649, 742–747, 883–884, 1195 Midelfort, H. C. Erik, 105, 357, 496, 759–760,978
See also Magic, Popular; Weyer, Johann See also Germany, Southwestern; Historiography
disease and, 283–285 Midsummer Eve, 325, 760–762
folk, 128–129 Midwives, 67, 153, 175, 358, 360, 407, 477, 478,
herbal, 484–485 516, 519, 526, 528, 762–763,772
midwives, 762–763 See also Female witches; Gender
Mediterranean Inquisitions, 3, 4, 276, 331, 557 Milan, 21, 26, 29, 67, 139, 219, 225, 319, 351, 372,
Meinders, Hermann, 6 384, 456, 464, 558, 574, 575, 576, 598,
Melancholiapaintings, 231 763–765
See also Art and visual images; Cranach, Lucas Milk, 13, 40, 42, 59, 60, 84, 115, 195, 239, 325,
Melancholiapaintings (Geiler), 1006 347, 350, 351, 383, 406, 409, 410, 433, 450,
Melancholy, 274, 314, 321, 395, 448, 506, 516, 570, 521, 522, 525, 526, 528, 529, 629, 765–767,
747–749 1139, 1142
See also Mental illness; Weyer, Johann See also Magic, popular
Melanchthon, Philipp, 352, 463, 481, 905, 936, 937, Millenarianism, 47, 358, 767–768
1198 See also Antichrist; Apocalypse; Devil
Melibea, 177, 294 Miller, Arthur, 359, 369, 370, 769
Memorates, 383 See also Literature; Modern Political Usage; Salem;
Memorial der Tugend(Schwarzenberg), 61 Witch hunts
Memory Prompts to Virtue(Breu), 145–146 Milton, John, 1002
I-20 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,296 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.21 Application File
Minden, 303, 430, 432, 433 Moura, Manuel Vale de, 509, 792–793
Miracle de Théophile, Le (Rutebeuf), 1114 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 852
Miracles, 46, 69, 118, 172, 181, 204, 237, 242, 249, Muchembled, Robert, 2, 793–794
301, 373, 403, 445, 490, 503, 531, 532, 548, See also Acculteration Thesis; Historiography
567, 569, 570, 589, 590, 591, 664, 692–695, Munich, 1004
700, 701, 704, 730–732, 769–770, 780, 784, Münster, prince-bishopric of, 432, 794–795
787, 825, 847, 890, 903, 948, 973, 1014, 1041, Münster,Thomas, 768
1044, 1048, 1106, 1136, 1156, 1173, 1183, Muratori, Ludovico Antonio, 315, 539, 795–796,
1184 1107
See also Bible; Enlightenment; Skepticism See also Enlightenment; Italy
Misconceptions about witch hunts, 770–773 Murder, ritual. See Ritual murder
Misogyny, 18, 130, 218, 328, 357, 358, 370, 408, Murray, Margaret Alice, 495, 796–797, 806, 839,
539, 596, 613 876
See also Female witches; Gender See also Fertility cults; Historiography
Möden, Johann, 773–774 Muselim, 85
Modena, 169, 170, 438, 558, 559, 774–776 Music, 62, 169, 259, 281, 295, 305, 384, 385, 396,
Modern witch hunts, 1215–1217 438, 517, 522, 525, 529, 596, 797–799,
See also Witch Hunts, Contemporary 852–853
Molitor, Ulrich, 59, 60, 144, 278, 288, 475, 655, “Musiel Register,” 3–4
776–777 Muslims, 84, 85, 121, 234, 272, 569–573, 569–573,
See also Demonology 571
Monsters, 166, 438, 454, 491, 520, 548, 570, See also Balkans (western and central); Islamic
777–779,1079 witchraft and magic; Portugal; Spain
See also Animals; Demons; Infanticide; Mystery of Baphomet, The(Hammer-Purgstall), 1112
Lycanthropy; Metamorphosis Mysticism, 211, 212, 281, 437, 488–490, 547, 572,
Montaigne, Michel de, 30, 260, 539, 779–780, 1047 605–607
See also Skepticism Mythology, 45, 176, 190–191, 264, 267, 279–281,
Monter,William, 277, 321, 326, 377, 385, 390, 412, 295, 341, 365, 373–374, 461, 479, 480, 496,
415, 438, 477, 483, 496, 780–781 520–521, 618, 651, 741–742, 875–876,
See also Historiography 1005–1006, 1118–1119
Montespan, Madame de, 11, 125
Moon, 64, 65, 144, 157, 161, 166, 272, 279, 383, N
396, 475, 479, 500, 514, 520, 523, 528, 548,
610, 781–783 Nahe region, 429–431
See also Diana Nalbacher Tal, 986
Mora witches, 783–785, 873 Napier, Richard, 744
See also Children; Sweden Naples, Kingdom of, 113, 227, 319, 438, 558, 575,
Moravia, 36, 51, 103, 134, 135, 174, 315, 316, 365, 801–802
393, 486, 530, 613, 785–787 See also Borromeo, St. Carlo; Inquisition, Roman;
More, Henry, 141, 262, 445, 499, 500, 787–788 Italy; Malleus Maleficarum; Superstition
See also Decline of witch hunts; England Nassau-Saarbrücken, county of, 429–431,
Mosaic law, 635, 836–837, 928 802–803
Mosel region, 429–431 Native Americans, 684, 803–806
Moses, 29, 117, 569, 590, 788–789 See also Shamanism
See also Bible; Jews Natural magic, 160–161, 704–705,1014–1016
Mother Shipton, 1037 Naudé, Gabriel, 1047
Motherhood, 358, 360, 789–790 Navarre, High Court of, 93–94, 95, 561–562
See also Family of love; Female witches; Gender; Navarre, kingdom of, 93–96, 173, 184, 206, 385,
Midwives 414, 537, 561–562, 994–996, 1069–1070,
Mountains and origins of witchcraft, 790–792 1208, 1209, 1236–1238
INDEX I-21 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,297 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.22 Application File
Nazi interest in witch persecution, 153, 806–808, Nightshade, 297, 830
1230 See also Potions
Necromancy, 117, 190, 192, 197, 198, 219, 225, Nissenbaum, Stephen, 44, 165
278, 286, 287, 293, 294, 309, 320, 342, 406, Nobis, Berend, 1213
465, 562, 566–567, 569, 701–702, 808–809, Nodé, Pierre, 262, 830–831
964, 1150, 1167–1168, 1201 See also Apocalypse; Boucher, Jean; Demonology;
See also Augustine, St.; Bible; Clerical magic; Heresy; Wars of Religion
Cunning folk; Eymeric, Nicolas; Ghosts; Nörlingen, Imperial Free City of, 831–832
Ritual magic Normandy, 49, 152, 180, 211, 216, 276, 301, 388,
Neopagan witches, 460, 469, 470, 699, 796, 832–833
806–807, 839 See also Joan of Arc; Louviers nuns; Male witches;
Neoplatonism, 489, 701, 847, 963–964, 1046, 1108 Parlement of Paris
Netherlands, Northern, 32–34, 32–34, 106–107, North America, 22, 29, 154, 159, 182–183, 284,
291–293, 810–813, 1075, 1148 409, 452, 462, 470, 499, 684, 803–808,
Netherlands, Southern, 813–818, 1149 818–821, 1003, 1031–1032, 1051
Neuchåtel, 275–276, 487, 630–631, 712, 904, See also Native Americans; New England; New
1100–1101, 1126 France
Neunkirchen/Nahe court, 898 North Berwick witches, 612, 833–836
New Age movement, 695 See also Devil’s mark; Pact with the Devil; Panics;
New Christians, 556, 557 Sabbat; Weather magic
See also Conversos; Portugal; Spain Norton, Mary Beth, 1181
New England, 66, 165, 172, 182, 185, 189, 277, Norway, 6, 38, 46, 146, 185–186, 267, 412, 413,
332, 356, 410, 468, 582, 732–734, 732–736, 415, 480, 583, 584, 626, 627, 638, 836–839,
769, 818–821, 923, 935–936, 941–943, 887–888, 1030–1031, 1129, 1187–1188
996–1000, 996–1000, 1075, 1181–1182, Nowell, Roger, 620–621
66.165 Number of witches, 839–841
New France, 821–822 See also Chronology of witchcraft trials;
New Granada, 822–823 Historiography; Murray, Margaret Alice
New Spain, 823–825 Nunneries. SeeConvent cases
NewTestament, 47, 69, 107, 119–120, 126, 263, Nuns, French, 25–26, 76–77, 159–160, 444–445,
271, 273, 373, 379, 446, 589, 667, 731, 788, 652–653, 669–673
921, 933, 945, 967, 1221, 1222, 1225 Nuremberg, Imperial Free City, 841–842,1005
See also Bible; Jesus Nuss, Balthasar, 100, 304, 305, 400, 551, 842–843,
NewburyWitch, 825–826 1005, 1213
See also Antichrist; England; Pamphlets and news- See also Fulda, prince-abby of; Sattler, Gottfried;
papers; Warfare Spee, Friedrich; Tanner, Adam
Newspapers, 399, 873–875 Nynauld, Jean de, 926
Nicholas V, Pope, 643
See also Papacy and papal bulls
Nicodemism, 351, 601 O
Nicolas, Augustin, 1129
Nider, Johannes, 92–93, 162, 164, 176, 187, 194, Obote, Milton, 639
278, 290, 297, 328, 329, 341, 381, 406, 631, Obry, Nicole, 25, 114, 147, 160, 845–846
826–828, 896, 992, 1045, 1064, 1203, 1209 See also Demons; Ghosts; Loudun nuns; Wars of
Night witch Religion
Night Witch/Night Hag, 828–829 Occulist movements. See Contemporary witchcraft
See also Cannibalism; Cats; Crossroads; Diana Occult, 23, 24, 45, 90, 115, 117, 120, 128, 138, 148,
(Artemis); Ghosts; Nightmare; Strix, Striga, 211, 212, 221, 223, 240, 245, 250, 256, 257,
Stria 261, 269, 284, 287, 296, 297, 327, 329, 382,
Nightmare, 181, 546, 829–830 402, 489, 494, 497, 527, 554, 560, 570, 571,
See also Scot, Reginald 605, 606, 846–850, 1015
I-22 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,298 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.23 Application File
See also Agrippa von Nettesheim, Heinrich Owls, 1088–1089
Cornelius; Alchemy; Astrology; Augustine, St.; See also Animals
Bodin, Jean; Dee, John; Della Porta, Oxford and Cambridge Universities
Giambattista; Devil; Kabbalah; Necromancy; Oxford University, 865–866
Science and Magic; Scot, Reginald; Weyer,
Johann P
Odes and Epodes (Horace), 514
Odyssey(Homer), 121, 190, 191, 507–508, 569 Pact with the Devil, 144–145, 216, 632, 867–869,
Offenburg, Imperial Free City of, 88, 850–851 867–869, 1113–1114, 1209
Ointments, 41, 52, 60, 162, 176, 206, 214, 246, 258, See also Aquinas, St. Thomas; Augustine, St.; Canon
297, 342, 364, 379, 398, 481, 514, 614,851, Episcopi; Del Rio, Martín; Hopkins,
1203 Matthew; Necromancy; Possession, demonic;
See also Del Rio, Martín; Della Porta, Giambattista; Scot, Reginald; Weyer, Johann
Flight of witches; Poison Paderborn, prince-bishopric of, 869–870
Old age, 394, 409, 615, 1054 Pagan cults, 772
Old Testament (Hebrew Bible), 68, 86, 90, 117–119, See also Fertility cults
117–119, 117–120, 144, 150, 241, 263, 271, Pagan practices, 157, 212, 279–280, 364–367,
337, 373, 379, 397, 437, 446, 462, 480, 516, 548–549, 571, 692–693, 699, 853–854,
520, 590–591, 592, 692, 700, 742, 788, 792, 1118–1119
808, 903, 921, 928, 933, 945, 952, 966, 1062, Palatinate, electorate of,870–872
1131, 1222, 1225 Palingh, Abraham, 872–873
See also Bible Palladius, Peder, 195, 683
Oldenburger, Philip A., 171 Pamphlets and newspapers, 873–875
Omens, 1088–1089 See also Confessions; Devil Books
See also Divination; Oracles Pamplona, 93–95, 561, 1208
Opera, 295, 393, 474, 852–853 Pan, 875–876
See also Circe; Contemporary witchcraft; Faust, See also Art and visual images; Baphomet; Goya y
Johann Georg; Medea; Music Lucientes, Francisco José de; Guazzo,
Oporinus, Johannes, 883 Francesco Maria; Lancre, Pierre de; Murray,
Opusculum de striis(Visconti), 1171–1172 Margaret Alice; Sabbat
Oracles, 121, 166, 249, 250, 285, 329, 534, 569, Pandaemonium(Bovet), 141–142
853–854, 1037 See also Demonology; England
Ordeal, 5, 14, 86, 94, 124, 136, 192, 222, 226, 286, Panics, 876–878,1196–1197, 1237
325, 341, 364, 510, 527, 564, 854–856, 1092, Papacy and papal bulls, 495, 551–552, 554, 642,
1097–1099 878–881, 967–968, 1063, 1161, 1203. Seealso
See also Courts, secular; Tests for Witchcraft; individual popes
Torture Pappenheimer family, 881–882
Ordenac,ões Afonsinas, 919–920 Paracelsus, Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim,
Origins of witch hunts, 856–860 882–884
Orthodox Christianity, 86, 860–863,980–982, 1002, Paradise Lost (Milton), 1002
1141 Pardons, 1067
See also Augustine, St.; Carolina Code; Paris, University of,884–885
Enlightenment; Exodus; Jews See also Demons; Gerson, Jean; Idolatry;
Osborne, John and Ruth, 863–864 Superstition
Osnabrück, bishopric of,864 Parker, Martin, 617
Osterwald, Peter von, 103 Parlement of Bordeaux, 49, 95–96, 386, 622–623,
Othello(Shakespeare), 1029 780, 948
Ottoman Turks, 83, 515, 517, 581 Parlement of Dijon, 50, 76, 152, 386–388
Outlaw, William, 613–615 Parlement of Paris, 49, 59, 130, 564, 726, 885–887,
Out-of-body experiences, 382 963, 991, 1067, 1128, 1144, 1182–1183
Oversbury,Thomas, 864–865 See also France; Gender; Historiography
INDEX I-23 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,299 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.24 Application File
Parlement of Rouen, 49, 386–388, 672–673, Pico della Mirandola, Gianfrancesco, 30, 158, 162,
832–833, 1056–1057, 1183 172, 489, 539, 551, 575, 655–656, 898–900,
Parlement of Toulouse, 8, 48–49, 188, 386–388, 1025, 1045, 1089, 1108, 1136, 1204
624–625, 624–625, 832 See also Canon Episcopi; Diana
Parlements, 48–50, 77, 91, 152, 386–388, 444–445, Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni, 489, 595, 898, 1108,
624–625, 780, 832–833, 1128, 1210 1226
See also France; Parlement of Paris Piedmont, 900–901
Parzival (Eschenbach), 1110 Pinel, Phillipe, 940
Paul III, Pope, 558 Piperno, Pietro, 110, 901–902
See also Papacy and papal bulls Pisa, 179, 443, 1045, 1081, 1146
Paul, St., 120 Pittenweem witches, 902–903
Paul V, Pope, 994 See also Bewitchment; Lynching; Scotland
See also Papacy and papal bulls Pius II, Pope, 581
Paulus, Nikolaus, 887 See also Papacy and papal bulls
Pays de Labourd, 1235 Pius IX, Pope, 495
Pedersdotter, Anna, 887–888 See also Papacy and papal bulls
Pélerinage de la vie humaine(Deguileville), 59–60 Plague, 21, 354, 411, 903–904
Peña, Francisco, 888–889 See also Bible; Devil; Disease; Miracles; Moses;
Pendle witches, 619–621 Poison; Scapegoats
People of the Night, 889–890 Plainacher, Elsa, 1168–1169
See also Benandanti; Canon Episcopi; Diana Plantsch, Martin, 904–905.Seealso Malleus
(Artemis); Fairies; Flight of witches; Maleficarum
Ginzburg, Carlo; Grimm, Jacob; Gui, Plato, 632, 846, 1117
Bernard; Holda; Shamanism; Stoeckhlin, Platonism, 1177
Chonrad; Táltos Pleier, Cornelius, 905–906
People of the night (Nachtvolk) Pliny the Elder, 30, 236, 633, 692, 847, 933, 970
Perkins, William, 182, 217, 220, 261, 732, 812, Poetics(Aristotle), 656
866, 890–891, 942 Poison, 481, 725–726, 725–726, 830, 906–907
See also Demons; Imagination; Lancre, Pierre de; See also Affair of the Poisons; Hemlock; Maleficium;
Water, holy Nightshade; Ointments; Plague; Potions
Perreaud, François, 891–892 Poisonous magic, 246, 514, 618, 741
See also France Poland, 91–92, 246–247, 683, 907–910, 927,
Perry,William, 121–122 927–928, 965, 1149
Personality of witches, 892–894 Policraticus(John of Salisbury), 596–597
See also Female witches; Gender; Maleficium; Politics, 45, 540–541, 540–541, 952, 1020, 1213
Malleus Maleficarum;Mental illness; Ritual Poltergeist, 910–911, 1177, 1189
magic See also Ghosts; Salem; Spectral evidence
Peru, 894–896 Pomponazzi, Pietro, 911–912, 1046
Peruvian Inquisition, 822 Ponzinibio, Giovanni Francesco, 30, 912–913, 1045,
Peter of Bern, 896–897 1081
See also Cannibalism; Cauldron; Infanticide; Popes. SeePapacy and papal bulls; Roman Catholic
Kramer, Heinrich; Origins of the Witch Church; specific popes
Hunts; Sacraments and sacramentals Popular beliefs in witches, 42–43, 75, 220, 297–298,
Peter the Great, 862 347–349, 409, 516–517, 527–529, 868, 891,
Pfalz-Zweibrücken, duchy of, 897–898 913–917, 1119, 1139
Philip II, King, 637, 1098 See also Confessions; Countermagic; Cunning folk;
Philip IV, King, 1111 Devil; Divination; Fairies; Familiars; Ghosts;
Philip VI, King, 973 Lycanthropy; Magic, Popular; Metamorphosis;
Phillips, Mary, 512 Mora witches; Rural witchcraft; Sabbat;
Philostratus, 508, 618 Sorcery; Vampire; Vision; Words, power of
I-24 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,300 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.25 Application File
Popular culture, 108, 162 Processus ordinarius,1004
See also Acculturation Thesis; Magic, Popular; Prodigies, 933–934
Popular persecution Proof, problem of, 934–936
Popular magic, 705–707, 1170–1171 See also Confessions; Decline of the Witch Hunts;
Popular persecution, 917–919 Evidence; Inquisitorial procedure; Salem; Spee,
See also Accusations; Communal persecution; Friedrich
Confessions; Lynching; Witch finders; Witch Protestant Reformation, 47, 144–145, 158–159, 189,
hunts 194, 405–407, 676–677, 936–938, 964, 991,
Portugal, 143–144, 556–558, 792–793, 919–920 1079, 1116, 1211
Portuguese Inquisition, 556–557, 919–920, 1133 Prussia, 938–940,1130
Possession, demonic, 113–114, 147–148, 159–160, Psellus, Michael, 219
169–170, 179, 215–216, 247–248, 392–393, Psychoanalysis, 392–393, 869, 940–941
395, 652–653, 845, 920–924,921, 950, 1020, See also Del Rio, Martín; Demonology; Exorcism;
1122, 1148–1149, 1156–1157, 1168–1169, 1183 Freud, Sigmund; Medicine and medical theo-
See also Exorcism ry; Mental illness; Possession, demonic; Weyer,
Postmenopausal women, 18, 1054–1055 Johann
See also Age of Accused Witches; Female witches; Psychology, 223, 269, 358, 395, 493, 494, 539, 656,
Gender; Personality of witches 695, 697, 731, 746, 747–749, 757, 759–760,
Potions, 925–927,1203 770, 940, 1103, 1104
See also Poison Psychosomatic theory, 116, 215, 284–285, 495, 537,
Potts, Thomas, 619–621, 874–875 546, 746, 922, 1015, 1172
Powders, 1203 Punishments, 6, 9, 85–86, 724–725
See also Poison; Potions See also Execution; Torture; Trials
Poznan, 927 Purcell, Henry, 852
See also Clergy; Courts, ecclesiastical; Demonology; Purging of charges, 8–9
Nazi interest in witch persecution; Poland; Puritanism, 818–821, 923, 941–943, 1181–1182
Spee, Friedrich See also Apocalypse; Demonology; Diabolism;
Practica nova imperialis Saxonica verum Criminaliam, Maleficium;New England; Protestant
1129 Reformation; Salem; Spectral evidence
Prais, Gilles de, 948–950 Purkiss, Diane, 494
Prätorius, Anton, 928–929 Pyrrhonist skepticism, 23–24
Prätorius, Johannes, 929–930
Prayer, 667, 1226 Q
See also Clerical magic; Words, power of
Pricking of suspected witches, 25, 131–132, 341, Quakers, 941, 945,997, 1061
930–932 Queen of the Sabbat, 1235, 1236
See also Bodin, Jean; Devil’s mark; Evidence; Question of Witchcraft Debated (Wagstaffe), 1177
Familiars; Proof, problem of; Scot, Reginald; Quran, 121, 137, 569, 569–573
Spee, Friedrich; Swimming test; Torture; See also Holy Books; Islamic witchraft and magic
Witch’s mark
Prierias, Silvestro, 932–933 R
Prince-bishops. SeeWitch-bishops
Printing, 136–137 Rabanus Maurus, 455, 635, 947–948
See also Books; Devil Books; Pamphlets and news- Raemond, Florimond, 622, 948, 780.845
papers See also Wars of Religion
Privy Council, Bavarian, 99–102, 400, 423, 459, 689, Rain magic, 326, 365, 525, 765
736–737, 960, 1004, 1198 Rais, Gilles de, 264, 566, 581, 647, 963–965
Privy Council, English, 1128–1129, 1134 Rake’s Progress, The(Hogarth), 499
Privy Council, Scottish, 584, 690, 833–835, Ranfaing, Elisabeth de, 114, 220, 301, 950–951,
902–903, 1019, 1019–1020, 1129, 1133, 1134 1157
INDEX I-25 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,301 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.26 Application File
Rategno, Bernardo of Como, 158, 194, 575, 764, Rémy, Nicholas, 47, 91, 99, 130, 147, 171, 184, 189,
951–952 203, 206, 235, 260, 276, 377, 446, 459, 464,
Rationalism, 10, 106, 454, 493–496, 494, 663, 682, 467, 623, 644, 662, 668–669, 736, 756, 817,
689, 768, 1044, 1158, 1173 828, 930, 955–957, 977, 989, 990, 1087, 1089,
See also Enlightenment; Science and magic; 1204, 1213. See also Crimen exceptum; Del Rio,
Skepticism Martín; Demonology; Lancre, Pierre de;
Rawlings, Jerry, 685 Lorraine, Duchy of; Malleus Maleficarum
Rebels, 449, 951–952,1010, 1057 Renaissance, 160–161, 167, 701, 848–849, 1226
See also Basel, Council of; Basque country; Perkins, See also Italy; Skepticism
William; Peru; Ritual Magic; Scapegoats; Renaissance drama, England, 957–959
Scotland See also Devil; Female witches; James VI and I,
Reformed Protestantism. See Protestant Reformation King of Scotland and England; Medea;
Regino of Prüm, 151, 164, 379, 455, 501–502, 635, Shakespeare, William
642, 988 Repentance, 1107
See also Canon Episcopi Restoration, 171–172
Reichshofrat (Imperial Aulic Court), 50, 89, 304, See also England
378, 505–507, 603, 608, 850, 953–954, 1067, Reutlingen, Imperial City of, 427, 540–542, 918
1213 Revelation, Book of, 47, 119, 137, 722, 767–768,
See also Bamberg, Prince-Bishopric of; Carolina 930, 933, 934, 967, 975
Code; Cologne; Holy Roman Empire; Revenants, 959–960
Offenburg, Imperial Free City of; See also Folklore; Ghosts; Necromancy; Night
Reichskammergericht;Vaduz, county of Witch/Night Hag; Vampire
Reichskammergericht (Imperial Chamber Court), Riezler, Sigmund, 960–961
50–51, 57, 79, 99, 305, 307, 361, 377, 400, Riga, 629, 1221
423, 428, 433, 505–507, 510, 542–544, 603, Rings, cramp, 974
689, 776, 843, 850, 864, 869, 897–898, 953, Rings, magical, 961
954–955,1055, 1067, 1082, 1133, 1135, See also Amulet and talisman; Charms; Demons;
1144–1146, 1213, 1228, 1230 Grimoires; Ritual Magic; Royal healing
See also Carolina Code; Crimen exceptum;Holy Rites, 425
Roman Empire;Reichshofrat;Swimming test; Ritual magic, 961–964
Trials Ritual murder, 964–965
Religion See also Blood; Infanticide; Jews
See also Heresy; Islamic witchcraft and magic; Jews; Rituals, 1029–1030, 1029–1030, 1224–1225
Protestant Reformation; Roman Catholic See also Clerical magic; Magic, Popular; Roman
Church; Wars of Religion Catholic Church; Sacraments and
Bavarian War of the Witches, 101–104 sacramentals
Bible, 117–120, 137, 592–595 Robbins, Rossell Hope, 965–966, 1065
Clerical magic, 197–198 See also Historiography
magic and, 42–43, 64, 140, 212, 282, 493–495, Roberts, Alexander, 941
524, 535, 650, 664, 692–698, 706, 716, 853, Robinson, Edmund, 621
903, 920, 981, 1029, 1091–1092 Rojas, Fernando de, 177
miracles, 769–770, 847 Roman Catholic Church, 26–27, 75, 102, 114, 147,
occult and, 52, 127, 297, 524, 746, 846, 964 207, 317–319, 338–340, 359–60, 535,
role of, 2, 35, 37, 42, 62, 68–69, 77, 90, 117, 126, 878–881, 924, 936, 965, 966–970
130, 150, 171, 263, 301, 326, 412, 503, 553, early modern age, 968–970
658, 688, 689, 743, 744, 750, 941, exorcism and, 338–340
1020–1021, 1059, 1182–1183, 1210–1211 feminism and, 359–360
superstition, 968–970, 1091–1092 late antiquity to Middle Ages, 966–967
Religion and the Decline of Magic (Thomas), papacy, inquisition, and theology, 967–968
1115–1116 Roman Inquisition, 26–27, 169–170, 195, 224–225,
Religious magic, 524 558–560, 1034–1036, 1047, 1130, 1133
I-26 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,302 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.27 Application File
Roman law, 633, 636, 970–971, 1212 1124, 1156, 1169–1170, 1172, 1177, 1178,
See also Crimen exceptum; Defixiones; Laws on 1196, 1201–1204, 1202, 1203, 1208, 1211,
witchcraft; Maleficium 1212, 1229, 1230, 1235
Romans, 846–847 Beneventan, 109–110
See also Defixiones; Laws on witchcraft; Pagan cults Bläkulla, 126–127
Romanticism, 453–454, 460, 494, 771 demonologist defuse, 989–990
See also Historiography origins of, 988–989
Rosa, Salvator, 971–972 in trials, 990–991
See also Art and visual images; Breughel, Pieter the Sacraments and sacramentals, 992–993,1184–1185
Elder; Del Rio, Martín; Gheyn II, Jacques de See also Heresy; Luther, Martin; Malleus
Rosicrucians, 29 Maleficarum; Nider, Johannes; Peter of Bern;
See also Enlightenment Protestant Reformation; Roman Catholic
Rothenburg, 543–544 Church; Superstition; Water, holy
Rottweil, 541–542 Sacred books. See Holy books
Rouen, Parlement of, 49, 386–388, 672–673, Sacred words, 1225–1226
832–833, 1056–1057, 1183 See also Bible; Cures; Lord's Prayer; Words, power
Rowling, J. K., 657 of
Royal healing, 972–974 Sacrifices, 365–366
See also Amulet and talisman; Cunning folk; See also Pagan cults
Divination; Herbal medicine; Mary, the Sadducees, 104, 171–172, 218, 734
Virgin; Medicine and medical theory; Rings, Saducismus Triumphatus, 445–446
magical; Superstition; Water, holy Saftleven, Cornelis, 993–994
Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, 506, 849, 974–975 See also Art and visual images
Runebomme, 626 Saints, 664–665
Rural witchraft, 976–980 See also Discernment of spirits; Holiness; Living
See also Children; Countermagic; Cunning folk; saints; Protestant Reformation; Roman
Impotence, sexual; Love magic; Maleficium; Catholic Church; specific saints
Medicine and medical theory; Mountains and Salazar Frías, Alonso de, 96, 206, 342, 482, 561–562,
origins of witchcraft; Popular beliefs in witch- 991, 994–996, 1047
es; Social and economic status of witches; See also Basque country; Demonology; Inquisition,
Sorcery; Urban witchcraft; Witch; Witch Spanish; Lee, Henry Charles; Ointments;
finders Sabbat; Spain; Weyer, Johann; Zugurramurdi,
Russell, Jeffrey, 790 witches of
Russia, 860–862, 980–984, 1057 Salem, 732–734, 783, 820–821, 891, 935–936,
See also Contemporary witchcraft; Demonology; 942–943, 996–1000, 1075, 1181–1182, 1215,
Enlightenment; Orthodox Christianity; Trials; 1216
Ukraine See also Confessions; Devil; Divination; Evidence;
Ryckaert, David, 779 Mather, Increase; Miller, Arthur; New
Ryder, Daniel, 656 England; Panics; Quakers; Spectral
evidence
S Saluces, Georges de, 93, 368, 487, 631, 1007, 1127,
1161
Saar region, 429–431, 802, 985–987 Salzburg, prince-archbishopric of, 1000–1001
See also Holy Roman Empire; Lorraine, Duchy of; Samhain, 469–470
Luxembourg, Duchy of; Popular persecution; Sami, 626
Trier, electorate of; Witch hunts See also Lapland; Norway
Sabbat, 30, 36, 37, 38, 40, 71, 97, 164–165, 356, Sancta Clara. Abrahama, 1001
382, 401, 405, 411, 419, 428, 430, 431–433, Sanders, Alex, 212
435, 436, 439, 440, 443–444, 446–447, 448, Sartot, Edmund, 729
460, 470, 474, 478, 480, 482, 485, 497, 500, Satan. See Devil; Satanism; Satanists
502, 516–517, 529, 624, 987–992, 1020, 1107, Satanism, 125, 1001–1004
INDEX I-27 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,303 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.28 Application File
See also Black Mass; Contemporary witchcraft; Scientific Revolution, 203, 609–611, 702–703,
Crimen exceptum; Devil; Heresy; Maleficium; 744–745
Pact with the Devil; Templars; Vaudois See also Kepler, Johannes; Medicine and medical
Satanists, 90 theory
Sattler, Gottfried, 1004–1005 Scientology, 495
See also Agrarian crises; Bavaria, duchy of; Scot, Reginald, 40, 601, 809, 812, 869, 875, 957,
Eichsta:tt, Prince-Bishopric of; Fulda, prince- 958–959, 1016–1018, 1022, 1037, 1046
abby of; Ingolstadt, University of; Maximilian Scotland, 1–2, 1–2, 6, 24–25, 189–190, 583–586,
I, Duke of Bavaria; Nuremberg, Imperial Free 627–628, 690–691, 833–836, 833–836,
City; Witch-Bishops 902–903, 902–903, 902–903, 951, 952,
Saturn, 1005–1006 1018–1019, 1018–1021, 1019–1020,
See also Art and visual images; Astrology; 1020–1021, 1129, 1210
Cannibalism; Cauldron; Impotence, sexual; See also James VI and I, King of Scotland and
Melancholy England; Kirk; Larner, Christina; North
Saturn Devouring One of His Sons(Rubens), 1005 Berwick witches; Scott, Walter
Savonarola, Girolamo, 172 Scott, Walter, 1021–1022, 1112
See also Italy See also Literature; Scotland
Savoy, duchy of, 1006–1008 Scrying, 1023–1024
Saxony, electorate of,1008–1010 See also Agrippa von Nettesheim, Heinrich
See also Carolina Code; Carpzov, Benedict; Cornelius; Dee, John; Hartlieb, Johann;
Executions; Germany, Northeaster; Laws on Isidore of Seville, St.; John of Salisbury
witchcraft Second sight, 1037–1038
Saxony-Anhalt, 420, 420–421 Secular courts, 227–231, 318–319
See also Saxony, electorate of Secularism, 849
Scapegoats, 86, 903–904, 1010–1011 See also Decline of witch hunts; Enlightenment;
See also Accusations; Impotence, sexual; James VI Skepticism
and I, King of Scotland and England; Sentencing, 1134
Maleficium;Medicine and medical theory; See also Executions; Punishment; Trials
Rebels; Spells; Weather magic Seven Deadly Sins,The (Bosch), 1124
Scene of Witchcraft (Teniers), 1113 Sexism, 357
Schaufelein, Hans, 59 Sexual activity, diabolic, 71, 348, 1024–1027, 1108,
Schimpf und Ernst (Pauli), 60 1122, 1202
Schleswig-Holstein, duchies of, 434, 1011–1012, See also Angels; Confessions; Corporeality, angelic
1213 and demonic; Demons; Familiars; Gender;
Schlutterbauer, Anna, 1168–1169 Heresy; Incubus and succubus; Malleus
Scholasticism, 53–54, 1044 Maleficarum; Protestant Reformation
See also Aquinas, St. Thomas; Paris, University of; Sexual impotence, 544–546
Universities Shakespeare, William, 585, 625, 957–958,
Schultheiss, Heinrich von, 588, 1012–1013, 1213 1027–1029, 1078
See also Cologne; Evidence; Swimming test See also England; Familiars; Gender; Literature;
Science, 598, 695–698, 846 Rebels; Renaissance drama, England
See also Alchemy; Astrology; Enlightenment; Magic, Shamanism, 41–42, 296–297, 626, 804–806,
Learned; Scientific Revolution 1029–1031, 1105–1106
Science and magic, 1013–1016 Shape changing. SeeMetamorphosis
See also Alchemy; Amulet and talisman; Aquinas, Shaw, Christian, 31, 185, 1020
St. Thomas; Astrology; Baranowski, Bogdan; Sherwood, Grace, 1031–1032,1051
Della Porta, Giambattista; Hermeticism; Sicily, 1032–1034
Magic, Learned; Mechanical philosophy; See also Benevento, walnut tree of; Fairies; Italy;
Medicine and medical theory; Miracles; People of the Night; Sabbat; Sorcery; Spain
Monsters; Occult; Sight, powers of; Sympathy; Sienese New State, 1034–1036, 1059. Seealso
Thoth; Yates, Frances Amelia Maleficium;Sorcery; Trials
I-28 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,304 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.29 Application File
Sight, powers of, 1037–1038 Soman, Alfred, 49
See also Augustine, St.; Cunning folk; Dee, John; See also France; Historiography; Parlement of Paris
Divination; Oracles; Scot, Reginald; Scrying; Somerset witches, 1060–1061
Shamanism See also Bovet, Richard; Cunning folk; England;
Signs, 1226 Glanvill, Joseph; Hopkins, Matthew
See also Divination; Magic, Learned; Magic, Sorcery and Sorcerers, 13, 59–60, 72, 106, 118, 327,
Popular; Oracles 328–329, 396, 613–615, 626, 707, 1061–1064,
Silesia, 1038–1040 1121, 1200–1201
Simon, Jordan, 102, 1040–1041 Sortes, 121
Simon Magus, 1041–1042 Sources for witchcraft trials, 1065–1068
?indeláfi, Bedfiich, 1042–1043 See also Appeals; Confiscation of witches’ property;
See also Historiography; Nazi interest in witch Fugger family; Historiography; Imperial free
persecution; Orthodox Christianity; cities; Nazi interest in witch persecution;
Slovakia Pamphlets and newspapers; Parlement of Paris;
Sinistrari, Ludovico Maria, 1043–1044 Universities
Sixtus V, Pope, 319, 557, 724, 802, 888, 969 South African Witchcraft Suppression Act, 684–685
See also Papacy and papal bulls Spain, 54–56, 82–83, 83–84, 167–168, 173–174,
Skepticism, 23–24, 30, 220, 251–252, 262, 315–316, 177–178, 191–192, 295–296, 295–296,
358–359, 787, 795, 868–869, 924, 1016–1017, 363–364, 560–562, 636–637, 994–-996, 1057,
1044–1050, 1195 1069–1074, 1131–1132, 1236–1238
Skragge, Elaus, 783–784 Spanish America, 822–825, 894–896, 1070–1073
Slander, 1050–1051 See also Celestina, La;Countermagic; Flight of witch-
See also Accusations; Honor; Lawyers; Maleficium; es; Love magic; Ma l e fic i u m ;Medicine and med-
Reichskammergericht; Words, power of ical theory; Metamorphosis; Na t i ve Americans;
Sleep paralysis, 829 New Grenada; New Spain; Pe ru; Sabbat; So rc e ry
Slovakia, 1051–1052 and So rc e rers; Spain; Urban witchcraft
See also Female witches; Hungary; ?indela'fi, Spanish Inquisition, 54–56, 82–83, 93–97, 173, 189,
Bedfiich; Sources for witchcraft trials 276–277, 381, 560–562, 644, 991, 1032, 1047,
Slovenia, 1052–1054 1130, 1133
See also Carolina Code; Courts, secular; Croatia; Spectral evidence, 1074–1076, 1107
Crossroads; Devil’s mark; Female witches; See also Evidence; Possession, demonic; Skepticism;
Lynching; Rural witchraft; Sabbat; Swimming Trials
test; Torture; Trials; Veronika of Desenice; Spee, Friedrich, 507, 588, 645, 931, 1013,
Weather magic 1076–1077, 1106, 1107, 1117, 1129, 1211
Social and economic status of witches, 1054–1059, Spells, 177, 236–237, 326, 528, 545–546, 626,
1082, 1107, 1210–1211 925–927, 1077–1079
See also Acculturation thesis; Age of accused witch- Spiders, 1079–1080
es; Agrarian crises; Capitalism; Cunning folk; See also Animals
Gender; Historiography; Macfarlane, Alan; Spina, Alphonso, 1080–1081
Mather, Cotton; Michelet, Jules; Midwives; See also Augustine, St.; Canon Episcopi;Demons;
Motherhood; Netherlands, Northern; Diana; Incubus and succubus
Personality of witches; Rebels Spina, Bartolomeo Della, 31, 158, 219, 509, 575,
Social control, 1059 775, 899, 912, 951, 992, 1045, 1081–1082,
See also Acculturation thesis; Gender; Protestant 1177, 1204
Reformation; Rebels See also Canon Episcopi; Demonology; Dominican
Social sciences, 695–698 order; Flight of witches
See also Anthropology; Ethnology; Historiography Spinoza, Benedict, 1048
Social theory, 494 Spirit flight, 382
Society of Jesus. See Jesuits Spirits, 282–283, 520–521, 522–523, 910–911, 961,
Sodom and Gomorrah, 508–509 1105, 1122, 1177, 1189
Soldan, Wilhelm Gottlieb, 494, 1060 See also Angels; Demons; Discernment of spirits
INDEX I-29 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,305 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.30 Application File
Spirituality, 923–924 See also Agobard of Lyons; Aquinas, St. Thomas;
Sprenger, Jakob, 199 Canon Episcopi; Enlightenment; Malleus
See also Kramer, Heinrich; Malleus Maleficarum Maleficarum; Ordeal; Protestant Reformation;
Sribonius, Wilhelm Adolf, 1022–1023 Skepticism
See also Angels; Corporeality, angelic and demonic; Sweden, 126–127, 126–127, 135–136, 135–136,
Swimming test; Water, holy 627, 707–708, 783, 783–785, 1092–1096,
St. John’s Day, 761 1129, 1208, 1212
See also Folklore; Midsummer eve Swieten, Gerard van, 1096–1097
St. Maximin, Prince-Abbey of, 1082–1083 Swimming test, 25, 112, 132, 136, 331, 341, 684,
See also Ecclesiastical territories 771, 1097–1099, 1139–1140, 1184–1185
St. Osyth witches, 1083–1084 See also Evidence; Faversham witches; Lynching;
Star Chamber, Court of, 466, 585, 600, 675, 866 Ordeal; Osborne, John and Ruth; Sherwood,
Stearne, John, 47, 942, 1084–1085, 1128, 1207 Grace
See also Bible; Demonology; England; Familiars; Switzerland, 39–40, 150, 368–369, 401–402,
Warboys, witches of; Watching and walking; 411–412, 411–412, 450–451, 455–456,
Witch finders; Witch’s mark 630–632, 630–632, 647–648, 896–897,
Sterzinger, Ferdinand, 1085–1086 1099–1102, 1126–1127, 1154–1155,
Stichomancy, 120 1159–1160, 1209
See also Divination Syllabus of Errors (Pius IX), 495
Sticks, 1086–1087 Sympathy, 1102–1104
See also Art and visual images; Cannibalism; See also Astrology; Hermeticism; Medicine and
Cauldron; Circe; Devil; Endor, Witch of; medical theory
Flight of witches; People of the Night; Ritual
magic; Sabbat; Sorcery and Sorcerers; Toads; T
Vaudois; Weather magic
Stoeckhlin, Chonrad, 889–890, 1087–1088 Tableau de l’Inconstance des mauvais anges et d’emons
Stonings, 86 (Lancre), 138, 439, 622, 622–623, 875, 990,
See also Punishments 1087, 1204, 1213, 1235, 1236
Strasbourg, Diocese of, 32, 1088 Talismans. SeeAmulet and talisman
Strix, Striga, Stria, 1088–1089 Táltos, 889, 1105–1106
See also Cannibalism; Del Rio, Martín; See also Animals; Hungary and southeastern Europe
Demonology; Flight of witches; Infanticide; Tambiah , Stanley J., 696, 1224
Lamia; Laws on witchcraft; Lilith; Tanner, Adam, 75, 100, 1005, 1106–1107, 1129,
Metamorphosis; Night Witch/Night Hag; Pico 1130, 1142
della Mirandola, Gianfrancesco; Witchcraft Tartarotti, Girolamo, 539–540, 1049, 1107–1108
Subsistence crises, 21–22 Tasso, Torquato, 1108–1109
See also Agrarian crises; Little Ice Age; Origins of Tawney, R. H., 1116
the witch hunts Tears, 1109
Succubus, 546–548 Tedworth, 107, 910, 446500
Suicide, 1089–1090 Tempest, The (Shakespeare), 957, 1029
See also Agrarian crises; Carolina Code; Ghosts; Templars, 89–90, 1109–1112
Inquisitorial procedure; Joseph II, Emperor; See also Amulet and talisman; Baphomet;
Kramer, Heinrich; Pact with the Devil; Rémy, Enlightenment; Grimoires; Idolatry; Scott,
Nicholas; Revenants; Torture; Weather magic Walter; Torture
Summa Theologiae (Aquinas), 53 Tengler, Ulrich, 59, 60, 645, 1142–1143
See also Scholasticism Teniers, David the Younger, 63, 1112–1113
Summers, Montague, 1090–1091 See also Art and visual images; Hand of Glory;
Summis desiderantes affectibus, 451, 547, 551, 552, Popular beliefs in witches
643, 764, 880, 717–719 Tests for witchcraft, 25, 112, 131–132, 136, 331,
Superstition, 535–536, 968–970, 1091–1092, 340–342, 930–932, 1097–1099, 1139–1140,
1094–1095 1184–1185
I-30 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,306 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.31 Application File
See also Devil’s mark; Evidence; Experiments and role of, in witchcraft trials, 1, 40, 124, 132, 136,
tests; Ordeal; Trials; Witch’s mark 771, 838
Theodosian Code, 633 survival from, 8–9
Theologia Moralis (Laymann), 645–647 Tostado, Alonso, 1131–1132,1161, 1203
Theology, 967–968 Tóth,Erzsébet, 1105
Theophilus, 1113–1114 Toulouse, Parlement of, 8, 48–49, 188, 386–388,
Thirty Years’War, 32, 66, 71, 73, 75, 98, 100, 142, 624–625, 832
166, 186, 214, 236, 286, 305, 307, 361, 370, Tractatus contra demonum invocatores (Vinet),
390, 417–420, 424, 431, 433, 449, 456, 472, 1169–1170
492, 505, 506, 518, 541–542, 608, 625, 646, Tractatus de strigibus (Rategno), 951
653, 662, 729, 736, 740, 751, 786, 803, 842, Tractatus subtilis (Ponzinibio), 912
870, 872, 898, 975, 987, 1012, 1038, 1106, Tractatus theologicus (Thumm), 1119–1120
1120, 1135–1136, 1174, 1180–1181, Tragedy of Doctor Lambe(Parker), 617
1192–1193, 1212, 1218, 1219, 1228, 1231, Trance, 1031
1233 Transubstantiation, 503
See alsoWarfare Transvection. See Flight of witches
Tholosan, Claude, 989, 1114–1115 Trent, Council of, 55, 67, 77, 98, 161, 197, 207, 215,
See also Canon Episcopi;Dauphiné; Errores 304, 306, 307, 319, 550, 802, 880, 936, 969,
Gazariorum; Heresy; Origins of the witch 992, 1081, 1192
hunts; Sabbat Trevor-Roper, Hugh, 1132–1133
Thomas, Keith, 12, 18, 44, 360, 493, 496, See also Historiography
1115–1116 Trial of George Jacobs(Matteson), 998
Thomasius, Christian, 494, 1047, 1116–1117, 1145 Trials, 1133–1135
Thorndike, Lynn, 1117–1118 See also specific trials
See also Historiography; Occult; Science and magic acquittals at, 6–10
Thoth, 1118–1119 chronology, 187–190
See also Greek magical papyri; Hermeticism; Moses; critics of, 1106, 1116
Occult decline of, 314–315
Three Witches and Death (Beham), 62 evidence in, 330–332
Thumm, Theodor, 1119–1120 juries in, 5, 10, 112, 183, 205, 225, 312–313, 468,
Thuringia, 420, 1120–1122 503–504, 531, 600, 681, 820, 874, 935, 998,
Thyraesus (Thrace), Petrus, 1122–1123 1019, 1032, 1129, 1133–1135, 1144, 1190
Tinctor, Johann, 1123,1162 jurisdiction in, 1144–1145
See also Art and visual images; Goat medieval, 225
Toads, 1123–1125, 1237 proof in, 934–936
See also Animals records from, 1066–1068
Todi, Witch of, 113, 754, 1125–1126, 1224 role of clergy in, 195–196
See also Benevento, walnut tree of; Flight of witch- role of torture in, 1, 124, 132, 136
es; Italy; Origins of the witch hunts; Sabbat Sabbat in, 990–991
Torrenté, Ulric de, 1126–1127 shamans and, 1030–1031
Torture, 85–86, 599, 1127–1131, 1183–1184, 1212 sources for, 1065–1068
See also Carolina Code; Confessions; Courts, eccle- Ukrainian, 1140–1142
siastical; Courts, inquisitorial; Courts, secular; witnesses at, 5, 1134, 1189, 1222–1224
Crimen exceptum; Hopkins, Matthew; Laws on Tribunal Reformatum(Greve), 599
witchcraft; Laymann, Paul; Meyfart, Johann Trier, electorate of, 4, 122–125, 378–379, 429–431,
Matthäus; Ordeal; Roman law; Spee, 666–667, 1082–1083, 1135–1136, 1210
Friedrich; Tanner, Adam; Thomasius, See also Ecclesiastical territories; Witch-Bishops
Christian; Trials; Witch hunts Trithemius, Johannes, 48, 1136–1137
confessions via, 9, 204–206 Tübingen, University of, 79, 426, 448, 454, 476, 511,
criticism of, 251 541, 609, 610, 868, 904–905, 1119–1120,
legalization of, 636 1144–1145, 1200, 1229
INDEX I-31 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,307 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.32 Application File
TwelveTables, 633, 970 Vaud, Pays de, 1159–1160
Tylor, Edward B., 42 Vauderie d’Arras, 48, 58–59, 278
Tyrol, county of, 1137–1138 Vaudois (Waldensians), 58–59, 60, 1126, 1160–1166
See also Animals; Art and visual images; Dauphine;
U Errores Gazariorum;Heresy; Historiography;
Origins of the witch hunts; Papacy and papal
Uganda, 15, 43, 639 bulls; People of the Night; Revenants;
Ukraine, trials, 1140–1142 Waldensianism
Ukraine, witchcraft, 1139–1140 Venetian Inquisition, 562–563
See also Animals; Flight of witches; Folklore; Veneziano, Agostino, 62
Identification of witches; Metamorphosis; Venice, 21, 108, 165–166, 227, 233, 236, 245, 294,
Milk; Sabbat; Sorcery and Sorcerers; 558, 562–563, 578, 674, 688, 706, 707, 854,
Swimming test 880, 933, 934, 1023, 1107, 1148–1150, 1217
Unholden, 502 Verden, 432
United States. See New England; North America Veronika of Desenice, 1166
Universa theologia scholastica, speculativa, practica Vervain, 1166–1167
(Tanner), 1106 Vevey, 401, 487, 630–631, 1161
Universities, 79, 257, 426, 431, 448, 454, 476, 511, Vicente, Joan, 809, 1167–1168
542, 550–551, 609, 610, 666, 773, 865–866, See also Aragon; Celestina, La; Clergy; Grimoires;
868, 904–905, 1067, 1119–1144-45, Inquisition, Spanish; Invocations;
1142–1146, 1145, 1200, 1229, 1230 Necromancy; Rings, magical; Spells; Water,
See also Carolina Code; Goedelmann, Johann holy
Georg; Gratian; Reichskammergericht; Roman Vienna, 1168–1169
Catholic Church See also Exorcism; Rudolf II, Holy Roman
Urban VIII, Pope, 161, 169, 537, 578, 688, 848, 880, Emperor; Urban witchcraft
1146–1147 Vignati, Ambrogio, 1045
See also Papacy and papal bulls; Roman Catholic Village witch, 1105
Church Villiers, George, Duke of Buckingham, 617
Urban witchcraft, 1147–1151 Vinet, Jean, 538, 1169–1170
See also Augsburg, Imperial Free City of; Celestina, See also Aquinas, St. Thomas; Augustine, St.;
La; Cologne; Geneva; Milan; Poland; Rural Demonology; Sabbat
witchraft; Sienese New State Vintler, Hans, 1170–1171
Ursuline nuns, 25, 76, 152, 169, 216, 220, 282, 388, See also Art and visual images
669–671, 672, 727, 854, 880, 933, 934, 1023, Virgil, 41
1107, 1148–1150, 1217 Virgin Mary. See Mary, the Virgin
Ut magorem et maleficiorum errores, 1114, 1115 Visconti, Girolamo, 1171–1172
See also Sabbat
V Visigothic Code, 641
Visions, 1172–1173
Vaduz, county of, 1153–1154 See also Brueghel, Pieter the Elder; Discernment of
See also Appeals; Confiscation of witches' property; spirits; Drugs and hallucinogens; Joan of Arc;
Hohenems, Franz Karl von; Number of witch- Kramer, Heinrich; Miracles
es; Universities Visual images. SeeArt and visual images
Valais, 1154–1155 Volk, Franz, 850
Valencia, Pedro de, 1155–1156 Voltaire, 1173–1174
Vallées, Marie des, 1156–1157 See also Bekker, Balthasar; Bordelon, Laurent; Del
Vampire, 183–184, 1157–1159 Rio, Martín; Descartes, René; Devil;
See also Blood; Ghosts; Hungary and southeastern Enlightenment; Grimoires; Hutchinson,
Europe; Lycanthropy; Maria Theresa, Holy Francis; Jesuits; Maffei, Scipione; Muratori,
Roman Empress; Metamorphosis; Nightmare; Ludovico Antonio; Skepticism; Superstition;
Revenants; Swieten, Gerard van Tartarotti, Girolamo; Thomasius, Christian
I-32 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,308 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.33 Application File
Von Aschhausen, Johann Gottfried, 87 Wemding, 1004
Von Dorheim, Johann Georg, 87 Wenham, Jane, 1190
Von Zauberey und Zaubererb Gru:ndlicher Bericht Werewolves, 134, 388, 523–524, 629, 680–682, 755,
(Prätorius), 928 1105
Vorarlberg, 1174–1175 See also Lycanthropy; Metamorphosis
Wesley, John, 1190–1191
W See also England; Enlightenment; Exorcism; Ghosts;
Skepticism
Wagstaffe, John, 1177–1178 Western Pomerania. SeePomerania
See also Bible; England; Poltergeist; Skepticism; Westerstetten, Johann Christoph von, 1191–1193
Superstition See also Ecclesiastical territories
Waldensianism, 58–59, 60, 173, 486–487, 1123, Weyer, Johann, 30, 31, 215, 491, 493, 598, 601, 702,
1160–1166 812, 830, 869, 940, 1006, 1046, 1148,
See also Heresy; Origins of witch hunts; Vaudois 1193–1196, 1198, 1211, 1221–1222
Walnut Tree of Benevento. See Benevento, walnut tree White, Andrew Dickson, 495
of Wicca, 153, 211–212, 656, 699, 772
Walpurgis Night, 383, 393, 396, 447, 470, 480, 798, See also Contemporary witchcraft
830, 929, 1178–1179 Wick, Johann Jakob, 62, 467
See also Faust, Johann Georg; Prätorius, Anton; Widows, 18, 86
Sabbat See also Age of accused witches; Female witches;
Wann, Paulus, 1179 Gender; Personality of witches
War of Rarogne, 398 Wiesensteig, 188
Warboys, witches of, 1179–1180 Wilhelm V, duke of Bavaria, 1197–1198
See also Bewitchment; England; Pamphlets and William III, King, 974
newspapers; Puritanism William of Malmesbury, 110–111
Warfare, 1180–1182 William V, duke of Cleves, 1198–1199
See also Agrarian crises; Fear; Panics; Popular perse- Wind knots, 1199–1200
cution; Wars of Religion See also Impotence, sexual; Lapland; Magnus,
Wars of religion, 77, 140–141 Olaus; Sorcery and Sorcerers; Weather magic
See also Holy Roman Empire; Protestant Winter, Anton, 1200
Reformation; Warfare; Wars of religion Wisensteig, 1196–1197
(France) Wishart family, 1
Wars of religion (France), 140–141, 689, 710–711, Witch animals. SeeFamiliars
1182–1183 Witch craze, 1205–1206
Watching and walking, 1183–1184 See also Africa (Sub-Saharan); Basque country;
Water, holy, 1184–1185 Devil’s mark; Satanism; Witch hunts
See also Charms; Clerical magic; Experiments and Witch doctors, 14
tests; Malleus Maleficarum;Sacraments and Witch finders, 1206–1209, 1212–1213
sacramentals See alsoWitch hunts
Water ordeals. See Swimming test Witch hunts, 624–625, 628, 630–631, 650, 815–817,
Waterhouse, Agnes, 874 1000–1001, 1038–1039, 1084, 1093–1094,
Weather magic, 22, 1119, 1185–1188 1209–1215
See also Accusations; Astrology; Baldung [Grien], See also Agrarian crises; Apocalpyse; Chronology of
Hans; Bernardino of Siena; Cauldron; Dürer, witchcraft trials; Communal persecution;
Albracht; Folklore; Little Ice Age; Magnus, Courts, ecclesiastical; Courts, secular; Crimen
Olaus; Malleus Maleficarum; Necromancy; exceptum; Ecclesiastical territories; Fear;
North Berwick witches; Popular persecution; Female witches; Gender; Germany; Little Ice
Sorcery and Sorcerers; Trials; Wind knots Age; Lynching; Malleus Maleficarum; Number
Weber, Max, 494 of witches; Panics; Popular persecution;
Webster, John, 1189 Skepticism; Social and economic status of
Webster, Mary, 820 witches; Torture; Universities; Witch craze
INDEX I-33 |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,309 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.34 Application File
Witch hunts (continued) with the Devil; Personality of witches;
causes of, 1211 Popular beliefs in witches; Rebels; Sabbat;
children and, 184–185 Somerset witches; Tears; Witch hunts;
decline of, 250–254, 358–359, 1213–1214 Witch’s mark
diabolism and, 278–279 ages of accused, 16–20
geography of, 412–416 bodies of, 131–133
in Germany, 3–4 confiscation of property of, 208
idolatry and, 536 definition, 1200–1205
misconceptions about, 770–773 identification of, 85, 534
modern political usage, 1215–1217 number of, 839–841
opposition to, 1213–1214 personality of, 892–894
origins of, 856–860 popular beliefs about, 42–43, 75, 913–917
warfare and, 1180–1182 rural, 976–980
Witch of Edmonton (Dekker), 958–959 as scapegoats, 1010
Witch panics. SeePanics socioeconomic factors of, 1054–1059
Witch Riding Backward on a Goat (Dürer), 60 vs. sorcerers, 327, 328–329
Witch, The (Ryckaert), 779 stereotypical, 1201–1202
Witch, The (Teniers), 1113 tests for, 131–132
Witch-bishops, 303–304, 1217–1220 Witches Riding Animals Through the Air (Altdorfer),
See also Agrarian crises; Binsfeld, Peter; Ecclesiastical 60
territories; Ferdinand of Cologne; Holy Witches’ Sabbath (Baldung [Grien]), 60, 80–81
Roman Empire; Popular persecution; Spee, Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe, The (Levack),
Friedrich; Westerstetten, Johann Christoph 650
von; Witch hunts Witch’s mark, 131, 1220–1221
Witchcraft. Seealso individual geographic entries See also Aix-en-Provence nuns; Animals; Blood;
accusations of, 3–5 Brenz, Johann; Devil’s mark; Familiars;
astrology and, 65 Hopkins, Matthew; Jordanaeus, Johannes;
contemporary, 209–213 Pact with the Devil; Pricking of suspected
definition, 1200–1205 witches
Jews and, 592–595 Witch’s power, 42. Seealso Maleficium; Sorcery and
law and, 72–74 Sorcerers; Words, power of
laws on, 632–644 Witch-Seeker of Cologne, 149
modern, 527–529 See also Witch finders
origins of, 790–792 Witekind, Hermann, 1221–1222
power and, 578–579 Witnesses, 5, 1134, 1189, 1222–1224
printing and, 136–137 See also Accusations; Evidence; Identification of
rural, 976–980 witches; Inquisitorial procedure; Maleficium;
sorcery, 13, 59–60, 72, 106, 118, 327, 328–339, Slander; Trials
396, 613–615, 626, 707, 1061–1064 Wolffhart, Conrad, 933–934
spiritualization of, 1107 Women, 15, 622, 1210–1211
spread of ideas of, 137 See also Female witches; Gender; Motherhood
tests for, 25, 112 Devil and, 819
urban, 1147–1151 in Hebrew Bible, 117–118
Witchcraft Act (1563), 583 motherhood and, 789–790
Witchcraft committees, 201–203 older, accusation against, 16–19
Witchcraft narratives, 75 as scapegoats, 86
Witchcraft trials. See Trials sexuality of, 1026
Witches, 1139–1140 witches as, 132, 327, 356–359, 375–376
See also Devil’s mark; Mental illness; Night Words, power of,1224–1227
Witch/Night Hag; Number of witches; Pact World Bewitched, The (Bekker), 106–107
I-34 INDEX |
Wicca | Richard M.Golden - Encyclopedia of Witchcraft - The Western Tradition | 1,310 | 46049 Golden Index av First Pages 11/23/2005 p.35 Application File
Wright, Joan, 182–183 Z
Württemberg, duchy of, 1227–1230
Würzburg, prince-bishopric of, 991, 1210, Zauberer-Jackltrials, 19, 71–72, 185, 195, 713, 840,
1230–1232 878, 935, 1000–1001, 1147
See also Ecclesiastical territories Zealous ideologies, 98–99
Ziarnko, Jan, 1124, 1235–1236
See also Art and visual images
Y Zohar, 652
Zugurramurdi, witches of,1236–1238
Yates, Frances Amelia, 1233–1234 See also Accusations; Black Mass; Confessions;
See also Hermeticism; Kabbalah; Magic, Learned; Familiars; Family; Panics; Sabbat; Spain;
Occult; Science and magic Toads; Valencia, Pedro de
YHWH, 117, 605 Zwicker, Peter, 1163
Yugoslavia, witchcraft in, 84–86, 175, 233–236, Zwingli, Ulrich, 194
1052–1054, 1166 See also Protestant Reformation; Switzerland
INDEX I-35 |