Which is true in diabetes mellitus type II -: (A) Insulinitis of B cells, (B) Hyalinisation of B cells, (C) Atrophy of B cells, (D) decrease of B cells
Answer is D. In the early stages of type 2 diabetes, reduction in the total mass of pancreatic islet tissue is modest. At the time of diagnosis, around 50% of b-cell function has been lost and this declines progressively . Some pathological changes are typical of type 2 diabetes, the most consistent of which is deposition of amyloid in the islets. In addition, elevated plasma glucose and FFAs exe toxic effects on pancreatic b cells to impair insulin secretion. However, while b-cell numbers are reduced, b-cell mass is unchanged and glucagon secretion is increased, which may contribute to hyperglycaemia. REf - davidsons 23e p753