In an AIDS patient chorioretinitis is typically caused by:: (A) Cytomegalovirus, (B) Toxoplasma gondi, (C) Cryptococcus neoformans, (D) Histoplasma capsulatum
Answer is A. Cytomegalovirus It may cause disseminated disease, although, more commonly, it affects the eye and gastrointestinal tract. Chorioretinitis was seen in approximately 25% of patients before the advent of HAA, but this has decreased dramatically after the initiation of HAA. Cytomegalovirus retinitis occurs almost exclusively in patients with CD4+ T cell counts less than 50 per microliter. Cryptococcosis Meningitis is the major clinical manifestation of cryptococcosis Toxoplasma gondii It causes encephalitis and is responsible for 50% of all mass lesions in the central nervous system.