Left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume loop is shown below. During exercise within physiological limits, what is the effect on end-systolic volume?: (A) ESV decreases, (B) ESV increases, (C) ESV remains unchanged, (D) ESV first decreases then increases
Answer is A. - There is increased sympathetic discharge that has a positive inotropic effect on the hea. - LV contractility increases, ejecting a greater stroke volume (SV). - Hence, there is decrease in ESV, as shown in the image.