Buerger disease affects which layers of artery?: (A) Tunica media, (B) Tunica adventitia, (C) Tunica intima, (D) All of above
Answer is D. Ans. (d) All of aboveRef: Bailey & Love 26th ed. / 899-900* Acute-phase lesions have inflammation involving all coats of the vessel wall, especially of the veins, in association with occlusive thrombosis.* Intermediate phase is characterized by progressive organization of the occlusive thrombus in the arteries and veins.* Chronic phase or end-stage lesion is characterized by organization of the occlusive thrombus with extensive recanalization and prominent vascularization of the media.* In all three phases, the normal architecture of the vessel wall subjacent to the occlusive thrombus and including the internal elastic lamina remains essentially intact.