Strength of association is given by: (A) p-value, (B) Coefficient of regression, (C) Alpha value, (D) Odds ratio
Answer is D. Strength of association is given by Odds ratio or Cross product ratio in a Case control study. Odds ratio = ad/bc OR > 1 - Positive association, OR=1 - No association, OR < 1 - Inverse/ negative association. Chi-square test or t-test can only tell whether an association is statistically significant based on p-value, but doesn't give the magnitude of strength of association.