Vectors for Plague transmission: (A) X. cheopis, (B) X. astia, (C) Pulex irritans, (D) All of the above
Answer is D. The commonest and the most efficient vector of plague is the rat flea , X. cheopis, but other fleas may also transmit the infection, e.g., X. astia, X. brasiliensis and Pulex irritans(human flea). Both sexes of the flea bite and transmit the disease. Ref: Pg No:320;park Textbook ,25th Edition