Acantolytic cells in pemphigus is-: (A) Cell with hyperchromatic nuclei and perinuclear halo, (B) Cell with hypochromatic nuclei and perinuclear halo, (C) Multinucleated cells, (D) None of the above
Answer is A. A. i.e. Cells with hyper chromatic nuclei & perinuclear haloAcantholysis is seen in epidermis as loss of cohesion between epidermal cells d/t lysis of intercellular substance (intercellular adhesion sitesQ). Acantholytic cells are rounded keratinocytes with hyperchromatic nuclei & perinuclear haloQ. Acantholysis is seen in pemphigus, Darier's disease, Grover's disease and Hailey-Hailey disease (but not in pemphigoid) Q.Primary acantholysis (i.e. acantholysis is primary pathological change) is seen in pemphigus variants (vulgaris, vegetans, paraneoplastic, foliaceous, erythematosus), Hailey-Hailey disease (familial benign chronic pemphigus), Darrier's disease (Keratosis follicularis), Grover's disease (transient acantholytic dermatosis), persistent acantholytic dermatosis, way dyskeratoma, and eosinophilic spongiosis. Acantholysis (i.e. loss of cohesion b/w keratinocytes d/t breakdown of intercellular bridges) result in formation of intraepidermal clefts, vesicles & bullae.Secondary acantholysis (i.e. secondary to some other pathological change like damage in epidermal cells) occurs in bullous impetigo, SSSS, viral disorders, solar keratosis & squamous cell carcinoma.