All of the following are cardinal signs of inflammation except:: (A) Pain, (B) Swelling, (C) Redness, (D) Absence of functional loss
Answer is D. Celsus first listed the four cardinal signs of inflammation: rubor (redness), tumor (swelling), calor (heat), and dolor (pain). These signs are hallmarks of acute inflammation. A fifth clinical sign, loss of function (functio laesa), was added by Rudolf Virchow.