All of the following modalities can be used for in situ ablation of liver secondaries, except: (A) Ultrasonic waves, (B) Alcohol, (C) Radio frequency, (D) Cyrotherapy
Answer is A. Local (in situ) ablative therapies for liver secondaries Cryotherapy - in situ destruction of tissues by freeze-thaw process. Radio frequency ablation - a probe inseed into the middle of the tumor emits radiofrequency waves from its tip, which heats the surrounding tissue, resulting in coagulative necrosis. Percutaneous ethanol injection Trans catheter chemoembolization Ref : Devita's Cancer: Principles & Practice, 7/e, p 2362