Control Structures
These are examples of control structures. You may also be interested in:

 Conditional structures
 Exceptions
 Flow-control structures
 Loops

Task

List the conditional structures offered by a programming language. See Wikipedia: conditionals for descriptions.

Common conditional structures include if-then-else and switch.

Less common are arithmetic if, ternary operator and Hash-based conditionals.

Arithmetic if allows tight control over computed gotos, which optimizers have a hard time to figure out.



(true) ("I'm true") ("I'm false") if  ; If first quotation evaluates to true,
                                      ; evaluate second quotation.
                                      ; Otherwise, evaluate the third.
 
(true) ("I'm true") when              ; If without the false quotation.
(true) ("I'm false") unless           ; If without the true quotation.
 
2 (                                   ; For each quotation inside the case
   ((3 >) ("Greater than 3" puts!))   ; quotation, evaluate the second
   ((3 <) ("Smaller than 3" puts!))   ; quotation if the first quotation
   ((true) ("Exactly 3" puts!))       ; evaluates to true. Otherwise, move
) case                                ; on to the next one.