Task

Show how to use the following math constants and functions in your language   (if not available, note it):

   e   (base of the natural logarithm)
   



π


{\displaystyle \pi }


   square root
   logarithm   (any base allowed)
   exponential   (ex )
   absolute value   (a.k.a. "magnitude")
   floor   (largest integer less than or equal to this number--not the same as truncate or int)
   ceiling   (smallest integer not less than this number--not the same as round up)
   power   (xy )


Related task

   Trigonometric Functions


say e;            # e
say π; # or pi    # pi
say τ; # or tau   # tau
 
# Common mathmatical function are availble
# as subroutines and as numeric methods.
# It is a matter of personal taste and
# programming style as to which is used.
say sqrt 2;       # Square root
say 2.sqrt;       # Square root
 
# If you omit a base, does natural logarithm
say log 2;        # Natural logarithm
say 2.log;        # Natural logarithm
 
# Specify a base if other than e
say log 4, 10;    # Base 10 logarithm
say 4.log(10);    # Base 10 logarithm
say 4.log10;      # Convenience, base 10 only logarithm
 
say exp 7;        # Exponentiation base e
say 7.exp;        # Exponentiation base e
 
# Specify a base if other than e
say exp 7, 4;     # Exponentiation
say 7.exp(4);     # Exponentiation
say 4 ** 7;       # Exponentiation
 
say abs -2;       # Absolute value
say (-2).abs;     # Absolute value
 
say floor -3.5;   # Floor
say (-3.5).floor; # Floor
 
say ceiling pi;   # Ceiling
say pi.ceiling;   # Ceiling
 
say e ** π\i + 1 ≅ 0; # :-)