Control Structures
These are examples of control structures. You may also be interested in:

 Conditional structures
 Exceptions
 Flow-control structures
 Loops

Task

List the conditional structures offered by a programming language. See Wikipedia: conditionals for descriptions.

Common conditional structures include if-then-else and switch.

Less common are arithmetic if, ternary operator and Hash-based conditionals.

Arithmetic if allows tight control over computed gotos, which optimizers have a hard time to figure out.



(if (condition)                  # If the condition evaluates to non-NIL
   (then-do-this)                # Then execute the following expression
   (else-do-that)                # Else execute all other expressions
   (and-more) )
 
(ifn (condition)                 # If the condition evaluates to NIL
   (then-do-this)                # Then execute the following expression
   (else-do-that)                # Else execute all other expressions
   (and-more) )