Control Structures
These are examples of control structures. You may also be interested in:

 Conditional structures
 Exceptions
 Flow-control structures
 Loops

Task

List the conditional structures offered by a programming language. See Wikipedia: conditionals for descriptions.

Common conditional structures include if-then-else and switch.

Less common are arithmetic if, ternary operator and Hash-based conditionals.

Arithmetic if allows tight control over computed gotos, which optimizers have a hard time to figure out.



if (x) y else z;
if(a)b else if (c) else d; etc
x:=(if (a) b else c);
 
a and b or c  // usually the same as if(a) b else c, beware if b evals to False
 
switch(x){
  case(1){...}
  case("2"){...}  // matches anything
  case(a)[fallthrough]{...}  // no break, no break has to be explicit
  case(b){...}
  else {...} // case a C's default, has to be at the end
}