See Base64 encode data.

Now write a program that takes the output of the Base64 encode data task as input and regenerate the original file.

When working on the VBA implementation I found several 'solutions' on the net, including one from the software maker himself, that showed output with incorrect padding. Obviously with incorrect padding in the output you can not decode correctly to the original file again.

sub decode_base64 {
    my($d) = @_;
    $d =~ tr!A-Za-z0-9+/!!cd;
    $d =~ s/=+$//;
    $d =~ tr!A-Za-z0-9+/! -_!;
    my $r = '';
    while( $d =~ /(.{1,60})/gs ){
        my $len = chr(32 + length($1)*3/4);
        $r .= unpack("u", $len . $1 );
    }
    $r;
}
 
$data = <<EOD;
J1R3YXMgYnJpbGxpZywgYW5kIHRoZSBzbGl0aHkgdG92ZXMKRGlkIGd5cmUgYW5kIGdpbWJsZSBp
biB0aGUgd2FiZToKQWxsIG1pbXN5IHdlcmUgdGhlIGJvcm9nb3ZlcywKQW5kIHRoZSBtb21lIHJh
dGhzIG91dGdyYWJlLgo=
EOD
 
print decode_base64($data) . "\n";