Control Structures
These are examples of control structures. You may also be interested in:

 Conditional structures
 Exceptions
 Flow-control structures
 Loops

Task

List the conditional structures offered by a programming language. See Wikipedia: conditionals for descriptions.

Common conditional structures include if-then-else and switch.

Less common are arithmetic if, ternary operator and Hash-based conditionals.

Arithmetic if allows tight control over computed gotos, which optimizers have a hard time to figure out.



-- simple construct
if logicalCondition then conditionWasTrue()
                    else conditionWasFalse()
 
-- multi-line is ok too
if logicalCondition
then
  conditionWasTrue()
else
  conditionWasFalse()
 
-- using block stuctures
if logicalCondition then do
  conditionWasTrue()
  ...
  end
else do
  conditionWasFalse()
  ...
  end
 
-- if/else if...
if logicalCondition1 then do
  condition1WasTrue()
  ...
  end
else if logicalCondition2 then do
  condition2WasTrue()
  ...
  end
else do
  conditionsWereFalse()
  ...
  end