This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Cellular Pathology, Subject name: Pathology
Lipofuscin containing macrophages are a feature of? 
Select and explain. 
A. Wear and tear, B. Fat deposit, C. Iron deficiency, D. Calcification
A: Wear and tear
Answer: A: Wear and tear 
Explanation: Ans is 'a' i.e., Wear and tear Lipofuscin* It is an insoluble pigment, also known as lipochrome and wear or tear or aging pigment. Lipofuscin is not injurious to the cell or its functions.* Its importance lies in being the tell-tale sign of free radical injury and lipid peroxidation.* It is seen in cells undergoing slow, regressive changes and is particularly prominent in the liver and heart of aging patients or patients with severe malnutrition and cancer cachexia.* On electron microscopy, the granules are highly electron dense, often have membranous structure in their midst and are usually in perinuclear location. In tissue section it appears as yellow brown pigment.* Deposition of lipofuscin in the heart is referred as brown atrophy.