This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
Kussmaul’s sign is classically seen in 
Select and explain. 
A. Infective endocarditis, B. Malignant hypertension, C. Constrictive pericarditis, D. Patent ductus arteriosus
C: Constrictive pericarditis
Answer: C: Constrictive pericarditis 
Explanation: Normally, the venous pressure should fall by at least 3 mmHg with inspiration. Kussmaul's sign is defined by either a rise or a lack of fall of the JVP with inspiration and is classically associated with constrictive pericarditis, although it has been reported in patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy, massive pulmonary embolism, right ventricular infarction and advanced left ventricular systolic heart failure.