This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Microbiology
Antenatal maternal HIV diagnosis is of importance in - 
Select and explain. 
A. To prevent vertical transmission, B. To terminate, C. To discharge, D. To isolate the patient
A: To prevent vertical transmission
Answer: A: To prevent vertical transmission 
Explanation: HIV infection can be transmitted from an infected mother to her fetus during pregnancy, during delivery, or by breastfeeding.
The relative proportions of mother-to-child transmissions were 23–30% before birth, 50–65% during birth, and 12–20% via breastfeeding.
Treatment of an HIV-infected mother with nevirapine during pregnancy and the infant during the first weeks following birth has proved very effective in dramatically decreasing mother-to-child transmission of HIV