This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Heart, Circulation, and Blood, Subject name: Physiology
Intravenous infusion of 2.0 L of isotonic saline (0.9% NaCl) results in increased: 
Select and explain. 
A. Intracellular fluid volume, B. Plasma aldosterone level, C. Plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentration, D. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration
D: Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration
Answer: D: Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration 
Explanation: Ans. D. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrationa. Isotonic saline does not change cell volume. The plasma AVP level will fall because of volume expansion and cardiovascular stretch receptor inhibition of its release.b. The plasma aldosterone level will be low because of inhibited release of renin and less angiotensin II formation.c. The plasma ANP level will be increased from stretch of the cardiac atria.d. A large part of the infused isotonic saline will be filtered through capillary walls into the interstitial fluid.