This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Autonomic nervous system, Subject name: Pharmacology
The action of botulinum toxin is through wof mechanisms 
Select and explain. 
A. Direct action on acetylcholine esterase, B. Prevention of choline uptake, C. Direct action on muscarinic receptors, D. Prevention of acetylcholine release
D: Prevention of acetylcholine release
Answer: D: Prevention of acetylcholine release 
Explanation: Botulinum toxin Botulinum toxin A and B are highly potent exotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum that are responsible for 'botulism' (a type of food poisoning). mech of action:- These neurotoxic proteins cause long-lasting loss of cholinergic transmission by interacting with axonal proteins involved in exocytotic release of ACh. uses:- In the treatment of a number of spastic and other neurological conditions due to overactivity of cholinergic nerves, like blepharospasm, spastic cerebral palsy, strabismus, spasmodic toicollis, nystagmus, hemifacial spasm, post stroke spasticity, spasmodic dysphonia, axillary hyperhydrosis, etc. It is increasing being employed as beauty treatment by removal of age-related facial wrinkles. Ref:- kd tripathi; pg num:-99,100