This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Childhood tumors, Subject name: Pediatrics
Transient myleoproliferative disorder of the newborn is seen in association with 
Select and explain. 
A. Turnur's syndrome, B. Down's syndrome, C. Neurofibromatosis, D. Ataxia telangiectasia
B: Down's syndrome
Answer: B: Down's syndrome 
Explanation: Approximately 10% of children with Down syndrome develop a preleukemic clone,transient myeloproliferative disorder,with somatic mutations in hematopoietic transcription factor GATA1.These children have a high leukocyte count,circulating blasts in peripheral blood,hepatosplenomegaly,effusions,anemia and thrombocytopenia in the neonatal period,which resolves by 3 months.About 20% of children with transient myeloproliferative disorder develop AML. Reference:Essential pediatrics-Ghai,8th edition,page no:605.