This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Infectious disease, Subject name: Pediatrics
For the prevention of parent to child transmission of HIV, the NACO's recommendation is to give 
Select and explain. 
A. Nevirapine 200 mg in active labour to mother, B. Nevirapine 200 mg, four hours after rupture to membranes, to mother, C. Nevirapine 200 mg in active about to mother and syrup nevirapine 2 mg/kg body weight to newborn with 72 hours of delivery, D. Syrup nevirapine 2 mg/kg body weight to newborn within 72 hours of bih
C: Nevirapine 200 mg in active about to mother and syrup nevirapine 2 mg/kg body weight to newborn with 72 hours of delivery
Answer: C: Nevirapine 200 mg in active about to mother and syrup nevirapine 2 mg/kg body weight to newborn with 72 hours of delivery 
Explanation: Single dose nevirapine,given once to the mother in labor and once to the newborn infant during 48-72 hrs of life reduces perinatal transmission by 50%. A sho term regime consisting of 300 mg BD zidovudine from 36 weeks of pregnancy and 300 mg every 3 hourly during delivery also offers a 50% reduction in transmission. Reference: Ghai essential pediatrics 9 th edition Page 230