This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Fluid and electrolytes, Subject name: Medicine
All of the following are used for treatment of hyperkalemia except- 
Select and explain. 
A. Calcium gluconate, B. Sodium bicarbonate, C. Intravenous infusion of glucose with insulin, D. Beta blockers
D: Beta blockers
Answer: D: Beta blockers 
Explanation: Treatment of hyperkalemia is done in three steps: 1. Immediate antagonism of the cardiac effects of hyperkalemia. -Intravenous calcium serves to protect the Hea( calcium gluconate) 2. Rapid reduction in plasma K+ concentration by redistribution into cells : * Insulin lowers plasma K+ concentration by shifting K+ into cells. The recommended dose is 10 units of intravenous regular insulin followed immediately by 50 mL of 50% dextrose *b2-agonists - most commonly albuterol, are effective but underused agents for the acute management of hyperkalemia *Intravenous bicarbonate has no role in the acute treatment of hyperkalemia, but may slowly attenuate hyperkalemia with sustained administration over several hours. 3.Removal of potassium. This is typically accomplished using cation exchange resins, diuretics, and/or dialysis (Ref: Harrison textbook of internal medicine,19E, pg- 312)