This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
Which type of Amyloidosis is caused by the mutation of a transthyretin protein? 
Select and explain. 
A. Dialysis associated amyloidosis, B. Familial Mediterranean fever, C. Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, D. Prion protein associated amyloidosis
C: Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy
Answer: C: Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy 
Explanation: Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy is associated with a mutation in plasma transthyretin. Transthyretin is a 127 aminoacid residue single chain polypeptide that is made in the liver. It binds & transpos thyroxine & retinol. FAP is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by a distal to proximal symmetric polyneuropathy. In addition to severe autonomic neuropathy sensory and motor nerves are also affected. Clinical features: Symptoms of the disease begins in the fouh and fifth decade, and is characterized by autonomic dysfunction, polyneuropathy, occasional cardiomyopathy and renal failure until death. Ref: Principles of Surgical Practice By A. N. Kingsnoh, Page 286