This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Cardiovascular system, Subject name: Physiology
Direct Fick method of measuring cardiac output requires estimation of 
Select and explain. 
A. O2 content of aerial blood, B. O2 content of venous blood, C. O2 consumption per unit time, D. All of the above
D: All of the above
Answer: D: All of the above 
Explanation: Applying Fick&;s principle Output of left ventricle =Cardiac output= O2 consumption (mL/min)/ - Therefore this method requires the following valuesO2 consumption per unit time=Aerial O2 content =Venous o2 contentRef: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology Twenty-Third Edition Page No:513