This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology
Phase 1 of Myocardium AP is mainly due to: 
Select and explain. 
A. K+ efflux, B. Na+ channel blockage, C. Ca2+ efflux, D. None of the above
A: K+ efflux
Answer: A: K+ efflux 
Explanation: Phase 0 (depolarization), fast sodium channels open.
Phase 1 (initial repolarization), fast sodium channels close. 
Phase 2 (plateau), calcium channels open and fast potassium channels close.
Phase 3 (rapid repolarization), calcium channels close and slow potassium channels open.
Phase 4 (resting membrane potential) averages about −90 millivolts.
Key Concept:

Phase 1 of myocardium AP is due to K+ opening >> inactivation of Na+ channel.  
Phase 2 of myocardium AP starts with Ca++ entry.
Long duration of myocardium AP is due to phase 2.

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