This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Urinary Tract, Subject name: Surgery
Commonest cause of ureteric injury during surgical operation is: 
Select and explain. 
A. Abdomino-perineal resection, B. Hysterectomy, C. Prostectomy, D. Colectomy
B: Hysterectomy
Answer: B: Hysterectomy 
Explanation: (Hystrectomy) (1312-Baily & Love 24th) (2275-SB) (1292-B &L 25th)Ureteric injury during operations* The most common cause of injury to the ureter is surgical trauma during hysterectomy or other pelvic surgery* Pre operative catheterization of the ureter makes then easier to identify during surgery.* Injuries discovered at the time of surgery should be repaired immediately.Methods for repairing a damaged ureter* It there is no loss of length - Spatulation and end to end anastomosis* If there is little loss of length - Mobilise kidney, psoas hitch of bladder Boari operation* If there is marked loss of length -- T ransureterostomy- Inter position of isolated bowel loop or mobilized appendix- Nephrectomy* Injuries to the lower third of the ureter - procedure of choice is reimplantation in the bladder combined with psoas- hitch procedure to minimize tension on the ureteral anastomosis* Midureteral injuries - can be managed with primary uretero ureterostomy. If there is not a significant loss of viable ureter between the proximal and distal sites of injuries, otherwise trans ureteroureterostomy is a good option.* Upper ureteral injuries - are best managed with primary ureterostomy. If there is extensive loss of the ureter, autotransplantation of the kidney and transposition of bowel to replace the ureter are potential surgical options.