This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Late hyperglycemia in pregnancy is associated with/ can cause which of the following ? 
Select and explain. 
A. Macrosomia, B. IUGR, C. Postmaturity, D. Congenital malformation
A: Macrosomia
Answer: A: Macrosomia 
Explanation: Fetal overgrowth is more typical of gestational diabetes. Maternal hyperglycemia prompts fetal hyperinsulinemia and this is turn stimulates excessive somatic growth. Except for brain, most fetal organs are affected by the macrosomia that characterizes the fetus of a diabetic mother.