This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anaesthesia
A patient with chronic kidney disease on dialysis is posted for emergency laparotomy. Which of the following anaesthetic agent is contraindicated in this patient? 
Select and explain. 
A. d-Tubocurarine, B. Scoline, C. Halothane, D. Gallamine
D: Gallamine
Answer: D: Gallamine 
Explanation: Gallamine is one of a series of synthetic substitutes for curare. Gallamine has the most potent vagolytic propeies of any relaxant, and it is entirely dependent on renal function for elimination. In renal insufficiency the neuromuscular blockade that it causes is considerably prolonged and gallamine is contraindicated. Ref: Butterwoh IV J.F., Butterwoh IV J.F., Mackey D.C., Wasnick J.D., Mackey D.C., Wasnick J.D. (2013). Chapter 11. Neuromuscular Blocking Agents. In J.F. Butterwoh IV, J.F. Butterwoh IV, D.C. Mackey, J.D. Wasnick, D.C. Mackey, J.D. Wasnick (Eds), Morgan & Mikhail's Clinical Anesthesiology, 5e.