This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
All of following are causes of bronchopulmonary dysplasia except - 
Select and explain. 
A. Oxygen toxicity, B. Theophyline use, C. Traumatic damage to lungs, D. Pulmonary odema due to capillary damage
B: Theophyline use
Answer: B: Theophyline use 
Explanation: Ans. is 'b' i.e., Theophylline use Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD1 o BPD is a result of lung injury in infants requiring mechanical ventilation and supplemental oxygen. o Most of the children with BPD are premature and have hyaline membrane disease. But, BPD can also occur in full term newborns with meconium aspiration or persistent pulmonary hypeension. Pathogenesis o The premature lung makes insufficient functional surfantant and the antioxidant defence mechanisms are not sufficiently mature to protect the lung from the toxic oxygen metabolites generated from oxygen therapy.