This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Lens, Subject name: Ophthalmology
Soemmering's ring is seen in - 
Select and explain. 
A. Posterior subcapsular cataract, B. After cataract, C. Endophthalmitis, D. Fuchs heterochromia iridis
B: After cataract
Answer: B: After cataract 
Explanation: Ans. is 'b' i.e., After cataract After cataract (Secondary cataract or posterior capsular opacification)* Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is seen after ECCE. Opacification of the posterior capsule is caused by postoperative proliferation of cells in the capsular bag and is the most common complication of ECCE.* After cataract may present as thickened posterior capsule, or dense membranous after cataract or Soemmering's ring which refers to a thick ring of after cataract formed behind the iris, enclosed between the two layers of capsule or Elschnig's pearls in which the vacuolated subcapsular epithelial cells are clustered like soap bubbles along the posterior capsule.* After cataract, if thin, can be cleared centrally by Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy. Discission with cystitome or zeigler's knife may also be used. Thick membranous after cataract needs surgical membranectomy.