This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Fluid and electrolytes, Subject name: Medicine
Metabolic alkalosis is seen in- 
Select and explain. 
A. Primary mineralocoicoid excess, B. Deficiency of mineralocoicoid, C. Decreased acid excretion, D. Decreased base excretion
A: Primary mineralocoicoid excess
Answer: A: Primary mineralocoicoid excess 
Explanation: Mineralocoicoid excess increases net acid excretion and may result in metabolic alkalosis, which may be worsened by associated K+ deficiency. ECFV expansion from salt retention causes hypeension. The kaliuresis persists because of mineralocoicoid excess and distal Na+ absorption causing enhanced K+ excretion, continued K+ depletion with polydipsia, inability to concentrate the urine, and polyuria.