This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
Which of the following agents is likely to cause cerebral calcification and hydrocephalus in a newborn whose mother has history of taking spiramycin but was not complaint with therapy ? 
Select and explain. 
A. Rubella, B. Toxoplasmosis, C. CMV, D. Herpes
B: Toxoplasmosis
Answer: B: Toxoplasmosis 
Explanation: Ans. is 'b' i.e., Toxoplasmosis o This question is straight forward; spiramycin is in pregnancy is given for toxoplasmosis. Prenatally acquired T.gondii may infect the brain and retina of the fetus and can cause chorioretinitis, intracerebral calcifications, and hydrocephalus. o Cerebral calcification and hydrocephalus may also occur with congenital CMV and HSV infection, but spiramycin is not given for these infections. Feature Toxoplasmosis CAW HSV Rubella Hydrocephalus -H- +/? (Rare) Microcephaly ++ -H? Intracranial ++ +\\? Calcification (Common) (Common) (Uncommon) (Rare)