This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
Loss of pulmonary surfactant in premature infant – 
Select and explain. 
A. Pulmonary edema, B. Collapse of alveoli, C. Elastic recoil of lungs, D. All of these
D: All of these
Answer: D: All of these 
Explanation: Effects of surfactant deficiency 

Decreased compliance --> Increased elastic recoil
Atelectasis
Interstitial edema
Hyaline membrane formation