This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Subject name: Pathology
Which is most commonly mutated gene in Surfactant Dysfunction Disorders: 
Select and explain. 
A. Surfactant protein B, B. Surfactant protein C, C. GM-CSF, D. ATP-binding cassette protein member 3 (ABCA3)
D: ATP-binding cassette protein member 3 (ABCA3)
Answer: D: ATP-binding cassette protein member 3 (ABCA3) 
Explanation: ATP-binding cassette protein member 3 (ABCA3) is the most frequently mutated gene in sufactant dysfunction disorders. It is an autosomal recessive disorder and usually presents in the first few months of life with rapidly progressive respiratory failure followed by death.