This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery
The ideal treatment for hemothorax greater than 500 ml/hour - 
Select and explain. 
A. Wait and watch, B. Needle aspiration, C. Intercostal tube, D. Open thoracotomy with ligation of vessels
D: Open thoracotomy with ligation of vessels
Answer: D: Open thoracotomy with ligation of vessels 
Explanation: Following are indications of thoracotomy in blunt chest trauma:

Initial drainage of blood > 1000 ml, especially if fresh.
Continued brisk bleeding > (100 ml/15 minutes) from the intercostal drain
Continued bleeding of > 200 ml/hr for > 3 hrs
Rupture of bronchus, aorta, esophagus or diaphragm
Cardiac tamponade (if needle aspiration unsuccessful).