This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Clinical Trials, Subject name: Pharmacology
Orphan drug is used to - 
Select and explain. 
A. Treat common condition with significant profit to manufacturer, B. Treat rare condition with significant profit to manufacturer, C. Treat rare condition with no expectation of profit, D. None of the above
C: Treat rare condition with no expectation of profit
Answer: C: Treat rare condition with no expectation of profit 
Explanation: Ans. is 'c' i.e., Treat rare condition with no expectation of profit Orphan drugso These are drugs or biological products for diagnosis/prevention of a rare disease or condition, or a more common disease (endemic only in resource poor countries) for which there is no reasonable expectation that the cost of developing and marketing it will be recovered from the sales of that drug.o The list includes sodium nitrite, fomepizole, liposomal amphotericin B, miltefosine, rifabutin, succimer, somatropin, digoxin immune Fab (digoxin antibody), liothyronine (T3) and many moreo Though these drugs may be life saving for some patients, they are commercially difficult to obtain as a medicinal product.o Government in developed countries offer tax benefits and other incentives to pharmaceutical companies for developing and marketing orphan drugs (e.g. Orphan Drug Act in USA).