This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery
Hemorrhage leads to: September 2005 
Select and explain. 
A. Septicemic shock, B. Neurogenic shock, C. Hypovolemic shock, D. Cardiogenic shock
C: Hypovolemic shock
Answer: C: Hypovolemic shock 
Explanation: Ans. C: Hypovolemic shock Hypovolemic shock refers to a medical or surgical condition in which rapid fluid loss results in multiple organ failure due to inadequate circulating volume and subsequent inadequate perfusion. Most often, hypovolemic shock is secondary to rapid blood loss. Acute external blood loss secondary to penetrating trauma and severe GI bleeding disorders are 2 common causes of hemorrhagic shock. Hypovolemic shock can result from significant fluid (other than blood) loss. Two examples of hypovolemic shock secondary to fluid loss include refractory gastroenteritis and extensive burns.