This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Nephropathy, Subject name: Pediatrics
Child with proteinuria, generalised edema. With hypoproteinemia & hyperlipidemia-M.C. cause is- 
Select and explain. 
A. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome, B. IgA nephropathy, C. Mesangial glomerulonephritis, D. FSGN
A: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome
Answer: A: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome 
Explanation: Ans. is 'a' i.e., Minimal change N.S. o Nephrotic syndrome characterised byMassive proteinuria = (more than Igm/m2/day).Hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin below 2.5 gf/dl).EdemaHyperlipidemia often associated.o Resultant fall in plasma oncotic pressure leads in edema,o Stimulation of Renin - Angiotensin system causes sodium & water retention,o More than 90% of childhood N.S. is primary,o Most common cause of primary N.S. is minimal change.o In electron microscopy, Histopathology show loss of podocyl and loss of negatively charged protein leads to selective proteinuria (albumineria