This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
Sustained severe hypertension in children is most commonly suggestive of – 
Select and explain. 
A. Coarctation of aorta, B. Pheochromocytoma, C. Renal parenchymatous disease, D. Drug induced
C: Renal parenchymatous disease
Answer: C: Renal parenchymatous disease 
Explanation: Hypertension in children

Hypertension is defined as the arterial blood pressure above 95th percentile with reference to age and sex.
Between the 90th and 95" percentile it is called borderline high blood pressure. 
	Causes of hypertension in children
Essential hypertension is relatively uncommon (10%) in children in contrast to aged persons.
The four most common causes of hypertension in children are : -

i)   Chronic glomerulonephritis (most common) —>           25 %
ii) Chronic pyelonephritis                                       —>           10 %
iii) Renal artery stenosis                                           -->           10 %
iv) Essential hypertension                                       —>           10 %
Remember

MC cause of hypertension in children chronic glomerulonephritis.
MC cause renovascular hypertension in children —› renal artery stenosis.