This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
Hydroxyl ions are highly oxidizing free radicals that destroy bacteria by: 
Select and explain. 
A. Damaging the cytoplasmic membrane, B. Protein denaturation, C. Damaging bacterial DNA, D. All of the above
D: All of the above
Answer: D: All of the above 
Explanation: The release of hydroxyl ions in an aqueous environment is related to the antimicrobial property. Hydroxyl ions are highly oxidizing free radicals that destroy bacteria by:

Damaging the cytoplasmic membrane
Protein denaturation
Damaging bacterial DNA