This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Cardio thoracic surgery  , Subject name: Anatomy
The ideal treatment for hemothorax greater than 500ml/hr 
Select and explain. 
A. wait and watch, B. Needle aspiraton, C. Intercostal tube, D. Open thoracotomy with ligation of vessels
D: Open thoracotomy with ligation of vessels
Answer: D: Open thoracotomy with ligation of vessels 
Explanation: Following are indications of thoracotomy in blunt chest trauma: Initial drainage of blood > 1000 ml, especially if fresh. Continued brisk bleeding > (100 ml/15 minutes) from the intercostal drain Continued bleeding of > 200 ml/hr for > 3 hrs Rupture of bronchus, aoa, esophagus or diaphragm Cardiac tamponade (if needle aspiration unsuccessful). Ref : Bailey & Love 24/e p872