This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Renal physiology, Subject name: Physiology
Granular casts in urine are? 
Select and explain. 
A. Regarded as normal, B. Hyaline casts embedded with RBC, C. Made up of mucoprotein substances, D. Formed in the DCT
B: Hyaline casts embedded with RBC
Answer: B: Hyaline casts embedded with RBC 
Explanation: On microscopic examination of urine, presence of granular cast ,RBC ,bacteria glucose, albumin, ketone bodies is abnormal granular cast are the hyaline casts embedded with RBC or WBC or these are degenerate glomerular cells or tubular epithelial cells in large number Their presence indicates renal destruction of glomerular tubular cells. Ref: page no 575 Textbook of physiology Volume 1 AK Jain 7th edition