This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Wounds, Tissue Repair & Scars, Subject name: Surgery
In metabolic alkalosis, there is which of the following? 
Select and explain. 
A. Gain in fixed acid, B. Loss of base, C. Hyperkalemia, D. Rise in base excess
D: Rise in base excess
Answer: D: Rise in base excess 
Explanation: In metabolic alkalosis, there may be a loss of fixed acids or excess of base. It is associated with hypokalemia because of renal conservation of H+ ions and urinary potassium loss. Loss of hydrochloric acid as seen in vomiting in patients with pyloric obstruction results in hypochloremic, hypokalemic, metabolic alkalosis.