This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Respiratory system, Subject name: Medicine
Type I respiratory failure best relates to which of the following? 
Select and explain. 
A. Alveolar hypoventilation, B. Alveolar flooding, C. Hypoperfusion of respiratory muscles, D. Lung atelectasis
B: Alveolar flooding
Answer: B: Alveolar flooding 
Explanation: TYPE I: ACUTE HYPOXEMIC RESPIRATORY FAILUREThis type of respiratory failure occurs with alveolar flooding and subsequent intrapulmonary shunt physiology. Alveolar flooding may be a consequence of pulmonary edema, pneumonia, or alveolar haemorrhage.Type I respiratory failure occurs in clinical settings such as sepsis, gastric aspiration, pneumonia, near-drowning, multiple blood transfusions, and pancreatitis.Pulmonary edema can be fuher categorized as occurring due to elevated pulmonary microvascular pressures, as seen in hea failure and intravascular volume overload or ARDS ("low-pressure pulmonary edema,"Ref: Harrison 19e pg: 1731