This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
Porencephaly refers to – 
Select and explain. 
A. Foetal alcohal syndrome, B. Dandy-walker-syndrome, C. Vascular lesion due to degenerative vessel disease and head injury, D. Neural tube defects
C: Vascular lesion due to degenerative vessel disease and head injury
Answer: C: Vascular lesion due to degenerative vessel disease and head injury 
Explanation: Porencephaly Refers to the presence of cysts or cavities within the brain, that may results from

Developniental defects (True porencephalic cysts).
Acquired lesions of infarction of tissues.        (i.e. Vascular lesions) - AV malformation or infarcts or (Pseudo-porencephalic cysts).

Defects of NeuronalMigration : malformations of cortical development
Lissencephaly        -          Also called agyria
Characterized by absence of cerebral convolutions and poorly formed sylvian fissure giving the appearance of 3-4 months fetal brain.
Schizencephaly       -        Presence of unilateral or bilateral clefts within the cerebral hemisphere due to an Abnormality of morphogenesis
Porencephaly        -          Presence of cysts cavities within the brain that result from developmental defects or acquired lesions including infarction of tissue.
Holoprosencephaly   -     Developmental disorder of brain that results from defective cleavage of prosencephalon.