This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
Which of these is characteristic of amyloidosis? 
Select and explain. 
A. Beta pleated, metachromasis, PAS +ve, B. Congophilic, beta pleated, PAS +ve, C. Beta pleated, fibrillary, congophillic, D. Alpha pleated, small fibrils
C: Beta pleated, fibrillary, congophillic
Answer: C: Beta pleated, fibrillary, congophillic 
Explanation: Ans. is 'c' i.e., Beta Pleated, congophilic, fibrillary Amyloidosis o Amyloidosis refers to a variety of condition in which amyloid proteins are abnormally deposited extracellularly between the cells in various organs / tissues. What is Amyloid ? o Amyloid is a protein that has an alteration in its secondary structure which impas it a paicular insoluble form, called the beta pleated sheet conformation. Chemical nature of amyloid material o Amyloid material is composed of two components ? 1) Major component (95%) --> Fibril amyloid protein. 2) Minor components (5%) P-component, proteoglycans and sulfated glycosaminoglycans. o Fibril amyloid protein is responsible for tissue dysfunction due to pressure effect, while P-component contributes to amyloid deposition by stabilizing fibril amyloid protein and decreasing their clearance.