This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
Bronchiectasis means..............of bronchi - 
Select and explain. 
A. Inflammation, B. Dilatation, C. Cavitation, D. All
B: Dilatation
Answer: B: Dilatation 
Explanation: Ans. is 'b' i.e., Dilatation Bronchiectasis Bronchiectasis is a disease characterized by permanant dilatation of bronchi and bronchioles caused by destruction of the muscle and elastic tissue, resulting from or associated with chronic necrotizing infections. Bronchiectasis is associated with ?Congenital conditions Cystic fibrosis o Primary ciliary dyskinesia (Kaagener syndrome) o Intralobar sequestration of the lung. Post infectious necrotizing pneumonia o Bacteria --> M. Tuberculosis, staph. aureus. H. influenzae, Pseudomonas. o Viruses Adenovirus, HIV, influenza virus. o Fungus --> Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Bronchial obstruction ---> Tumor, foreign body, mucus impaction. Other conditions --> RA, SLE, IBD, post-transplantation.