This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Cervical Carcinoma, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
A cervical Pap smear repo stating that "koilocytic atypia is present" indicates the:- 
Select and explain. 
A. Presence of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, B. Cytologic effect of herpesvirus type 2, C. Cytologic effect of human papillomavirus, D. Presence of chlamydial infection
C: Cytologic effect of human papillomavirus
Answer: C: Cytologic effect of human papillomavirus 
Explanation: HPV infection of squamous cells Produces wrinkled nuclei surrounded by a clear halo. This is called koilocytosis. Whether it is indicative of a low or a high grade lesion in the cervix requires tissue documentation. This is usually obtained with a colposcopic biopsy.