This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: general microbiology, Subject name: Microbiology
Sputum can be disinfected by? 
Select and explain. 
A. Autoclaving, B. Boiling, C. Cresol, D. Chlorhexidine
B: Boiling
Answer: B: Boiling 
Explanation: Boiling: vegetative bacteria killed almost immediately at 90-100 degree Celsius but sporing bacteria requires prolonged periods of boiling. Boiling is not recommended for sterilizing of instruments used for surgical procedure and should be regarded only as a means of disinfectant.nothing sho of autoclaving at high pressure can destroy spore and ensure sterilization. hard water should not be used. Sterilization may be promoted by the addition of 2% sodium bicarbonate to water. In the case where boiling is considered adequate, the material should be immersed in the water and boiled for 10-30 minutes. the lid of sterilizer should not be opened during the period REF:Ananthanarayan and Panicker's Textbook ofMicrobiology 8thEdition pg no:32-33