This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Lesions of the Visual Pathway, Subject name: Ophthalmology
Macular sparing is seen in lesion of - 
Select and explain. 
A. Visual cortex, B. Optical tract, C. Optical chiasma, D. Optic nerve
A: Visual cortex
Answer: A: Visual cortex 
Explanation: Ans. is 'a' i.e., Visual cortex Lesions of visual cortexo Features depend on the site of visual cortex involvement:i) Anterior part occipital cortex : - Congruous homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing. The lesion occurs due to occlusion of posterior cerebral artery.ii) Tip of occipital cortex : - Congruous homonymous macular defect, i.e., homonymous hemianopia only in the central vision (due to involvement of macula). The lesion occurs due to head injury or gun shot injuries. Pupillary light reflex is normal.