Rubanda District is found in the South West of the Republic of Uganda. It borders with the District s of Kisoro to the West, Rukungiri and Kanungu to the North, Kabale to the East and the Republic of Rwanda to the South. It is a highland District of Uganda. The topography is mainly green, interlocking and heavily cultivated hills with spectacular valleys. The District covers a land area of 660.2 sq km. The altitude of the District ranges between 1,219 metres (3,999 ft) and 2,347 metres (7,700 ft) above sea level. This altitude makes it colder than the rest of the country. Temperatures average about 18 °C (64 °F) during the day and fall to about 10 °C (50 °F) at night. The relative humidity is between 90% and 100% in the morning and decreases to between 42% and 75% in the afternoon, all the year around. The land is heavily fragmented. An average household has six to seven plots of land on several hills. The people are predominantly Bakiga, but also the Batwa (Pygmies), the Banyarwanda and the Bahororo tribes exist in the district.
Rubanda District has a total area of 660.2 square kilometres, part of which arable land area is 1,695 sq. km, water body is 48.5 sq. km, swamps/wetlands is 79.4 sq.km and marginal land is 41.1 sq km. About 75% of arable land is largely owned according to customary laws. However, some land is held by freehold and leasehold of about 41.1 sq. km (2.4%) and 391.2 sq. km (22.6%) respectively. The average land area for agriculture is 2.06 ha or 5.08 acres per household. The per capita land holding is 0.3 ha/0.8acres (1995). Land is seriously fragmented and an average household has 6-7 plots of land on different hillsides. Each plot measures between 0.1 and 0.7 of an acre.
Rubanda District is densely populated. With an area of 660.2 square kilometers, the population density in the District as estimated by the 2014 housing and population census is at 298.2 people per km².The District has a high population of 196,896 as per 2014 Population and Housing census results with sex ratio of 88 males to 100 females. The average household size of 4.4 persons