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Oikumene
29 September 2005, by J.-L. T.
Oikos : residence, Oiken : to inhabit / inhabited, (implied gê) oikoumené : inhabited land
Notion relative to the "meaning and object of human geography", quoting the title of the article of Paul Vidal de la Blache which opens the "Principes de géographie humaine". The object is the Earth, as the residence of the human species, while the meaning questions the interdependence relation between mankind and its habitat. The "oikumenal" perspective is unevenly explicit in human geography works. (...)
Altitudinal zonation
5 October 2005, by B. E.
The notion of altitudinal zonation is used to account for the discontinuities associated with altitude in mountain areas. It has been the subject of many iconographic representations, the principal ones generally taking the form of diagram-blocks and sections. Botanists were the first to define the working mechanisms of altitudinal zonation in mountain areas. The criteria applied to vegetation belong to physiognomy and phyto-geography (C. Troll). The altitudinal zonation of vegetation (...)
Insularity
25 January 2006, by L. B.
While everyone agrees that islands possess a geographical specificity, linked to the geographical discontinuity between land and sea, situations generated by this geographical fact, which are grouped under the term 'insularity', are not necessarily perceived in the same way, depending on the author and the discipline. The great diversity of islands, at the level of the planet, but also at the level of the country or region, is a reality that geographers have long recognised. The (...)
11 January 2014, by B. E., G. H.
The word continent is derived from the Latin terra continens – a continuous tract of land. The word has thus come to refer to a vast continuous surface area of the globe surrounded by oceanic masses. In a second approach, the word continent is used, in particular among island communities, to refer to what is more generally known as the mainland. In this case there is a «discontinuity» between islands and archipelagos some distance from the continental mass and the mainland, (...)
26 August 2004, by D. P.
The term neighbourhood is used for everything that is close, nearby, contiguous. Distance as measure of separation, of interval between two places may not be dissociated from the definition of a neighbourhood. The neighbourhood reaches its limit point (immediate neighbourhood) when the spatial units are contiguous, adjoining. A neighbourhood is always expressed into a metric space. The measure of topological relations may be used to express contiguities between objects or places which are (...)
6 October 2004, by D. P.
Is called gradient the variation of intensity of a phenomenon per unit of distance between a place and a given centre (or axis). It is the case for example with density gradients which develop around a city centre, gradients of population, facilities, shops, services, gradients of land prices, etc. gradients of population which appear on either side of some traffic ways or else starting from a coast, etc. Geographical gradients are the expression of the fact that places belong to fields of (...)
3 December 2004, by J.-C. F.
In a very broad acceptation, discontinuity is what separates two neighbouring and different spatial sets. One can distinguish the elementary discontinuity, built on a single indicator, which is a useful but frail indication, from the structural discontinuity, superposition of numerous converging elementary discontinuities measured on basis of a coherent set of indicators. The latter may be defined as the spatial form of transition between two neighbouring systems.
Discontinuity may be (...)
Environments and Development Costs
territorio según Maryvonne Le Berre
Agrarian system
Albert Demangeon
Alexander Humboldt
Alexandre de Humboldt
Anthropization
Area of influence (zone of influence)
Attraction, attractiveness
Autocorrelation
Axiomatics
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