Removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using biochar: Chemical and spectroscopic investigations
Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha, Md Samrat Alam, Ning Chen, Daniel S. Alessi, Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana, Daniel C.W. Tsang, Yong Sik Ok
Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering
* Highly Cited Researcher
Biochar is an emerging low-cost sorbent used for removing trace metals from water. In this study, we evaluated the removal potential of aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) by biochars produced from soybean (Glycine max L.) and burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.) residues. The highest Cr(VI) removal from solution occurred at low pH values (pH 2–5), and adsorption decreased approximately tenfold when the pH increased from 2 to 10. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigations showed that Cr(VI) species were reduced to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) at the biochar surface following Cr(VI) adsorption. Linear combination fitting (LCF) of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) data indicated that approximately 90% of the total Cr(VI) (962 μM) was reduced to Cr(III). Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) fitting results yielded interatomic chromium (Cr–Cr) distances consistent with the formation of Cr(III) precipitates as Cr(OH)3. Trivalent chromium is far less soluble than Cr(VI) and typically precipitates as amorphous Cr(III) solids. Thus, biochars produced by soybean and burcucumber residues are a promising technique for both adsorbing and reductively immobilizing Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.195
Published - 2018 Jun 1
Advanced spectroscopic technique
Biosorption
Slow pyrolysis
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.195
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biochar Earth & Environmental Sciences 100%
Chromium Engineering & Materials Science 99%
chromium Earth & Environmental Sciences 85%
X ray absorption Engineering & Materials Science 81%
aqueous solution Earth & Environmental Sciences 81%
soybean Earth & Environmental Sciences 50%
removal Earth & Environmental Sciences 49%
Aqueous Solution Chemical Compounds 48%
Rajapaksha, A. U., Alam, M. S., Chen, N., Alessi, D. S., Igalavithana, A. D., Tsang, D. C. W., & Ok, Y. S. (2018). Removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using biochar: Chemical and spectroscopic investigations. Science of the Total Environment, 625, 1567-1573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.195
Removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using biochar : Chemical and spectroscopic investigations. / Rajapaksha, Anushka Upamali; Alam, Md Samrat; Chen, Ning et al.
In: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 625, 01.06.2018, p. 1567-1573.
Rajapaksha, AU, Alam, MS, Chen, N, Alessi, DS, Igalavithana, AD, Tsang, DCW & Ok, YS 2018, 'Removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using biochar: Chemical and spectroscopic investigations', Science of the Total Environment, vol. 625, pp. 1567-1573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.195
Rajapaksha AU, Alam MS, Chen N, Alessi DS, Igalavithana AD, Tsang DCW et al. Removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using biochar: Chemical and spectroscopic investigations. Science of the Total Environment. 2018 Jun 1;625:1567-1573. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.195
Rajapaksha, Anushka Upamali ; Alam, Md Samrat ; Chen, Ning et al. / Removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using biochar : Chemical and spectroscopic investigations. In: Science of the Total Environment. 2018 ; Vol. 625. pp. 1567-1573.
@article{1bf32a2f2f3f4393879ab25e9f2b4aa5,
title = "Removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using biochar: Chemical and spectroscopic investigations",
abstract = "Biochar is an emerging low-cost sorbent used for removing trace metals from water. In this study, we evaluated the removal potential of aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) by biochars produced from soybean (Glycine max L.) and burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.) residues. The highest Cr(VI) removal from solution occurred at low pH values (pH 2–5), and adsorption decreased approximately tenfold when the pH increased from 2 to 10. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigations showed that Cr(VI) species were reduced to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) at the biochar surface following Cr(VI) adsorption. Linear combination fitting (LCF) of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) data indicated that approximately 90% of the total Cr(VI) (962 μM) was reduced to Cr(III). Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) fitting results yielded interatomic chromium (Cr–Cr) distances consistent with the formation of Cr(III) precipitates as Cr(OH)3. Trivalent chromium is far less soluble than Cr(VI) and typically precipitates as amorphous Cr(III) solids. Thus, biochars produced by soybean and burcucumber residues are a promising technique for both adsorbing and reductively immobilizing Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions.",
keywords = "Advanced spectroscopic technique, Biosorption, Black carbon, Charcoal, Slow pyrolysis",
author = "Rajapaksha, {Anushka Upamali} and Alam, {Md Samrat} and Ning Chen and Alessi, {Daniel S.} and Igalavithana, {Avanthi Deshani} and Tsang, {Daniel C.W.} and Ok, {Yong Sik}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (NRF-2015R1A2A2A11001432, Contribution: 100%). DSA was partially funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant (RGPIN-04134). XAS analysis described in this paper was performed at the Canadian Light Source, which is supported by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the University of Saskatchewan, the Government of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada, the National Research Council Canada, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier B.V.",
doi = "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.195",
journal = "Science of the Total Environment",
T1 - Removal of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using biochar
T2 - Chemical and spectroscopic investigations
AU - Rajapaksha, Anushka Upamali
AU - Alam, Md Samrat
AU - Chen, Ning
AU - Alessi, Daniel S.
AU - Igalavithana, Avanthi Deshani
AU - Tsang, Daniel C.W.
AU - Ok, Yong Sik
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (NRF-2015R1A2A2A11001432, Contribution: 100%). DSA was partially funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant (RGPIN-04134). XAS analysis described in this paper was performed at the Canadian Light Source, which is supported by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the University of Saskatchewan, the Government of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada, the National Research Council Canada, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
N2 - Biochar is an emerging low-cost sorbent used for removing trace metals from water. In this study, we evaluated the removal potential of aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) by biochars produced from soybean (Glycine max L.) and burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.) residues. The highest Cr(VI) removal from solution occurred at low pH values (pH 2–5), and adsorption decreased approximately tenfold when the pH increased from 2 to 10. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigations showed that Cr(VI) species were reduced to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) at the biochar surface following Cr(VI) adsorption. Linear combination fitting (LCF) of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) data indicated that approximately 90% of the total Cr(VI) (962 μM) was reduced to Cr(III). Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) fitting results yielded interatomic chromium (Cr–Cr) distances consistent with the formation of Cr(III) precipitates as Cr(OH)3. Trivalent chromium is far less soluble than Cr(VI) and typically precipitates as amorphous Cr(III) solids. Thus, biochars produced by soybean and burcucumber residues are a promising technique for both adsorbing and reductively immobilizing Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions.
AB - Biochar is an emerging low-cost sorbent used for removing trace metals from water. In this study, we evaluated the removal potential of aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) by biochars produced from soybean (Glycine max L.) and burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.) residues. The highest Cr(VI) removal from solution occurred at low pH values (pH 2–5), and adsorption decreased approximately tenfold when the pH increased from 2 to 10. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigations showed that Cr(VI) species were reduced to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) at the biochar surface following Cr(VI) adsorption. Linear combination fitting (LCF) of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) data indicated that approximately 90% of the total Cr(VI) (962 μM) was reduced to Cr(III). Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) fitting results yielded interatomic chromium (Cr–Cr) distances consistent with the formation of Cr(III) precipitates as Cr(OH)3. Trivalent chromium is far less soluble than Cr(VI) and typically precipitates as amorphous Cr(III) solids. Thus, biochars produced by soybean and burcucumber residues are a promising technique for both adsorbing and reductively immobilizing Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions.
KW - Advanced spectroscopic technique
KW - Biosorption
KW - Black carbon
KW - Charcoal
KW - Slow pyrolysis
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.195
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.195
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment