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African medicinal plants and their uses pdf
File Name: african medicinal plants and their uses .zip
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Here are some common medicinal herbs. Most herbs have not been completely tested to see how well they work or to see if they interact with other herbs, supplements, medicines, or foods. Products added to herbal preparations may also cause interactions.
Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants provides a detailed overview of toxicological studies relating to traditionally used medicinal plants in Africa, with special emphasis on the methodologies and tools used for data collection and interpretation. The book considers the physical parameters of these plants and their effect upon various areas of the body and human health, including chapters dedicated to genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and specific organs and systems. Following this discussion of the effects of medicinal plants is a critical review of the guidelines and methods in use for toxicological research as well as the state of toxicology studies in Africa. With up-to-date research provided by a team of experts, Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants is an invaluable resource for researchers and students involved in pharmacology, toxicology, phytochemistry, medicine, pharmacognosy, and pharmaceutical biology. Students and scientists in pharmacology, toxicology, phytochemistry, medicine, pharmacognosy and pharmatceutical biology.
This is an alphabetical list of plants used in herbalism. The ability to synthesize a wide variety of chemical compounds that are possibly used to perform important biological functions, and to defend against attack from predators such as insects, fungi, and herbivorous mammals is called herbal medicine. Many of these phytochemicals have beneficial effects on long-term health when consumed by humans, and can be used to effectively treat human diseases. For example, some secondary metabolites are toxins used to deter predation and others are pheromones used to attract insects for pollination.
It is these secondary metabolites and pigments that can have therapeutic actions in humans and which can be refined to produce drugs—examples are inulin from the roots of dahlias , quinine from the cinchona , morphine and codeine from the poppy , and digoxin from the foxglove. Chemical compounds in plants mediate their effects on the human body through processes identical to those already well understood for the chemical compounds in conventional drugs; thus herbal medicines do not differ greatly from conventional drugs in terms of how they work.
This enables herbal medicines to be as effective as conventional medicines, but also gives them the same potential to cause harmful side effects. In Europe, apothecaries stocked herbal ingredients for their medicines. In the Latin names for plants created by Linnaeus , the word officinalis indicates that a plant was used in this way. For example, the marsh mallow has the classification Althaea officinalis , as it was traditionally used as an emollient to soothe ulcers.
Pharmacognosy is the branch of modern medicine about medicines from plant sources. Plants included here are those that have been or are being used medicinally, in at least one such medicinal tradition. Modern medicine now tends to use the active ingredients of plants rather than the whole plants. The phytochemicals may be synthesized, compounded or otherwise transformed to make pharmaceuticals.
Examples of such derivatives include digoxin, from digitalis ; capsaicine , from chili ; and aspirin , which is chemically related to the salicylic acid found in white willow. The opium poppy continues to be a major industrial source of opiates, including morphine. Few traditional remedies, however, have translated into modern drugs, although there is continuing research into the efficacy and possible adaptation of traditional herbal treatments.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia list article. This article may present fringe theories , without giving appropriate weight to the mainstream view , and explaining the responses to the fringe theories. Please help improve it or discuss the issue on the talk page.
September Learn how and when to remove this template message. This article needs more medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the article and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. Chinese classic herbal formula List of branches of alternative medicine List of culinary herbs and spices List of herbs with known adverse effects Materia Medica Medicinal mushrooms Medicinal plants of the American West Medicinal plants traditionally used by the indigenous peoples of North America Naturopathic medicine Wikispecies.
August The Medical Journal of Australia. Current Medicinal Chemistry. Phytochemicals in Nutrition and Health. CRC Press. Medical meanings: a glossary of word origins. Indian Herbology of North America.
Shambhala Publications. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Archived from the original on Retrieved National Park Service. Retrieved 22 May Traditional Folk Remedies Century, p. Modern Drug Discovery. The Journal of Antibiotics. Ethiopian Medical Journal. The Journal of Nutrition. Archives of Internal Medicine. Indian Journal of Pharmacology. Archived PDF from the original on Archived from the original on 11 April June A randomized controlled metabolic trial".
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Economic Botany Manual. Drugs for atrial fibrillation". Alternative Medicine Review. Encyclopedia of Health. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. Transnational Institute. Planta Medica. Health Notes. Medicinal Plants for Livestock. Cornell University Department of Animal Science. Plants for a Future. Manila Bulletin.
This study was carried out to document indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants used by traditional healers and elders in the treatment of reproductive health care in the Bamboutos Division of the West Region in Cameroon, Central Africa. The research methods used included semi—structured interviews and participative field observations. For the interviews, 70 knowledgeable respondents 40 traditional healers and 30 elders were selected via purposive sampling. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and summarize ethnobotanical information obtained. Informant consensus factors ICF were used to elucidate the agreement among informants on the species to be used in the treatment within a category of illness. The results showed that a total of 70 plant species from 37 families mostly of the Asteraceae [8 species], Euphorbiaceae [7], and Acanthaceae and Bignoniaceae [4 each] are used in the treatment of 27 reproductive ailments, with the highest number of species 37 being used against venereal diseases, followed by female 29 and male infertility 21 , respectively. Leaves
This is an alphabetical list of plants used in herbalism. The ability to synthesize a wide variety of chemical compounds that are possibly used to perform important biological functions, and to defend against attack from predators such as insects, fungi, and herbivorous mammals is called herbal medicine. Many of these phytochemicals have beneficial effects on long-term health when consumed by humans, and can be used to effectively treat human diseases. For example, some secondary metabolites are toxins used to deter predation and others are pheromones used to attract insects for pollination. It is these secondary metabolites and pigments that can have therapeutic actions in humans and which can be refined to produce drugs—examples are inulin from the roots of dahlias , quinine from the cinchona , morphine and codeine from the poppy , and digoxin from the foxglove.
The use of medicinal plants as a fundamental component of the African traditional healthcare system is perhaps the oldest and the most assorted of all therapeutic systems. In many parts of rural Africa, traditional healers prescribing medicinal plants are the most easily accessible and affordable health resource available to the local community and at times the only therapy that subsists. Nonetheless, there is still a paucity of updated comprehensive compilation of promising medicinal plants from the African continent.
Box , Nairobi , Kenya; ek.
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PDF | On Jan 1, , Ruth Kutalek and others published African medicinal The plant is of different species: the Indian species (Rauvolfia.
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