Church Worldwide Profile: John Perkins, 92
John Perkins in 2016
Photo by Deryll Stegall
The Banner has a subscription to republish articles from Religion News Service. This article by Adelle M. Banks, published on religionnews.com Aug. 4, 2022, is part of a series of profiles of American religious leaders who are still making an impact after the age of 80. It has been edited for length and a paragraph with context for the Christian Reformed Church has been added.
At 8 a.m. on Tuesdays in July, as usual, John Perkins was participating in his weekly Zoom Bible study. Officially the leader and the attraction for the more than 200 who log on each week, Perkins is far from the sole speaker, and that's the way he wants it.
"I'm learning from them because they are doing really good research," said Perkins, 92, of his co-leaders, both pastors and lay people, each of whom teaches from their perspective. "We want our Bible class to be a model of what the influential pastor or the influential leader can do back in their own hometown."
This collective approach has been Perkins' way of doing ministry since he began.
In November, shortly after having surgery for colon cancer, Perkins went where he has gone for years: the annual meeting of the Christian Community Development Association that he helped to organize decades before.
It was worth the journey from Mississippi to Missouri, he said, to see his friends and to continue to motivate them while he could.
"Really to pass on, in my own way, this mission that we have arrived at together," he said in a phone interview. "I just came to encourage and to say goodbye."
A farewell tour it might be, but Perkins has been in motion as long as he's been in ministry, moving mostly between his native Mississippi to California and back, always focused on his goals of transforming communities through faith and racial reconciliation.
Along the way Perkins has overcome the deaths of loved ones and his onetime hatred of white people, who included police who took the life of his brother and, years later, nearly killed him. Perkins, who at times was one of the few Black leaders in predominantly white evangelical settings, credits particular Caucasians for being there for him to introduce him to the Christian faith, bind his wounds and comfort him when he was mourning.
Born in 1930, Perkins lost his mother to starvation when he was just 7 months old. When he was 16, his brother was killed by a police chief after the young man grabbed the blackjack the officer had used to strike him.
Perkins fled to California in the 1940s after his brother's death and a decade later launched a union of foundry workers in that state. After the Korean War broke out, he was drafted and served three years in Okinawa, Japan, and, back stateside, later became a Christian and was ordained a Baptist minister.
Returning to his native state in 1960, Perkins turned out to be as much an organizer as a clergyman. He started a ministry in Mendenhall that provided day care, youth programs, cooperative farming, and health care. He registered Black voters and boycotted white retailers. When he visited college students at a Brandon, Miss., jail who had been arrested after a protest in 1970, he was tortured—"beaten almost to death," he writes in his latest book—by law enforcement officers.
After recovering he moved to Jackson, Mississippi's capital, where he mentored college students.
In 1976, Perkins published his influential book, Let Justice Roll Down, codifying his principles of relocation, redistribution, and reconciliation—known as Perkins' "Three Rs"—as a way to address systemic racism with social action.
"Justice is an economic issue," Perkins told Religion News Service. "It's the management and stewardship of God's resources on the Earth."
In 2006 Christianity Today placed Let Justice Roll Down at No. 14 on a list of the top 50 books that had shaped evangelicals over the previous five decades.
Steven Timmermans, past executive director of the Christian Reformed Church in North America and formerly president of Trinity Christian College in Palos Heights, Ill., named it among his favorite books. In 2019 Calvin University (then College) awarded to Perkins that year's Kuyper Prize, a recognition presented each year since 1996 "to a scholar or community leader whose outstanding contribution to their chosen sphere reflects the ideas and values characteristic of the Neo-Calvinist vision of religious engagement in matters of social, political, and cultural significance in one or more of the 'spheres' of society."
Perkins encouraged "collective prosperity," where wealth is distributed equitably, and living in neighborhoods close to the poor, something he has done in the South and in the West.
"I'd say a lot of white suburban folks like me were deeply challenged by his call to justice and to the three Rs of his ministry," said Jo Kadlecek, communication manager of Baptist World Aid Australia, who was inspired by "Let Justice Roll Down" and later co-authored a book with Perkins after he sought her out.
"'You know Jesus didn't commute from heaven,' he'd say frequently, referring to urban ministers' belief that Christians who help poor and underserved communities should consider residing near them.
Perkins returned to California in the 1980s—in part to hand off the leadership of what he'd built in Mississippi, to let others develop those skills—and Perkins' family founded the Harambee Christian Family Center in a high-crime area of Pasadena, offering after-school and teen programs and providing urban missions training to visiting church work groups.
"You win the trust of parents, you win the trust of community leaders, because you're proving, day by day, that you want to develop children and young people," said Rudy Carrasco, who served as the center's executive director and is now a program director for the Murdock Charitable Trust in Vancouver, Wash. "I learned that from John Perkins," Carrasco said.
In 1989, Perkins cofounded the Christian Community Development Association, taking his ideas from his own books and his own previous ministries to fashion an organization that urges thousands of annual conference attendees to focus on building churches and sharing the gospel in local communities while also renovating houses, hosting medical clinics and tutoring schoolchildren to prepare them for college.
In the 1990s, after returning to Jackson, Perkins founded the Spencer Perkins Center, named for his son who died suddenly in 1998 after suffering a heart attack at the age of 44. The center focused, as had other John Perkins's ministries, on evangelism, affordable housing, and helping poor children and families.
In Count It All Joy: The Ridiculous Paradox of Suffering, a book published in September 2021, Perkins recounts some of the tragedies he has faced but talks of suffering as a part of faith, rather than a failure of it.
"This is the message that I want to leave as a witness to the next generation," he writes in the introduction. "It's not only given that we should believe on God, but that we should suffer for his namesake."
Is Reformed Theology for Black People?
Church Worldwide: White Evangelicals, Catholics, and Mormons Carried Trump
Marking Its Centennial, Hymn Society Continues Push for More Diverse Music
Report: Christianity Today 'Failed to Hold Two Ministry Leaders Accountable for Sexual Harassment'