1st January » American Civil War: The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate States of America or Confederate territory.
1st January » The first claim under the Homestead Act is made by Daniel Freeman (homesteader) or Daniel Freeman for a farm in Nebraska.
4th January » The New Apostolic Church, a Christian and Premillennialism e.g chiliastic church, is established in Hamburg, Germany.
8th January » American Civil War: Second Battle of Springfield
9th January » American Civil War: the Battle of Fort Hindman begins in Arkansas.
11th January » American Civil War: Battle of Arkansas Post General John Alexander McClernand or John McClernand and Admiral David Dixon Porter capture the Arkansas River for the Union (American Civil War) e.g Union.
11th January » American Civil War: ship CSS Alabama Action off Galveston Light encounters and sinks the USS Hatteras 1861 6 off Galveston Lighthouse in Texas.
22nd January » The January Uprising breaks out in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. The aim of the national movement is to regain Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth from occupation by Russia.
26th January » American Civil War: General Ambrose Burnside is relieved of command of the Army of the Potomac after the disastrous Battle of Fredericksburg known as Fredericksburg campaign. He is replaced by Joseph Hooker.
26th January » American Civil War: Governor of Massachusetts John Albion Andrew receives permission from United States Secretary of War called Secretary of War to raise a militia organization for men of African descent.
29th January » Bear River Massacre.
7th February » 'HMS Orpheus (1861) called HMS Orpheus' sinks off the coast of Auckland, New Zealand, killing 189.
17th February » A group of citizens of Geneva founded an International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, which later became known as the ICRC e.g International Committee of the Red Cross.
24th February » Arizona is organized as a Political divisions of the United States called United States territory.
19th March » The SS called Georgiana, said to have been the most powerful Confederate States of America called Confederate cruiser, is destroyed on her maiden voyage with a cargo of munitions, medicines and merchandise then valued at over $1,000,000.
30th March » Danish prince George I of Greece or Wilhelm Georg is chosen as King George of Greece.
2nd April » Richmond Bread Riot: Food shortages incite hundreds of angry women to riot in Richmond, Virginia, and demand that the Confederate States of America named Confederate government release emergency supplies.
16th April » American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg ships led by Union (American Civil War) Union Admiral David Dixon Porter move through heavy Confederate States of America Confederate artillery fire on approach to Vicksburg, Mississippi Vicksburg, Mississippi.
30th April » A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fights a force of nearly 2,000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man in Battle of Camarón known as Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.
1st May » American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville begins.
2nd May » American Civil War: Stonewall Jackson is wounded by friendly fire while returning to camp after reconnoitering during the Battle of Chancellorsville. He succumbs to pneumonia eight days later.
6th May » American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville ends with the defeat of the Army of the Potomac by Confederate troops.
10th May » American Civil War: Confederate States of America Confederate General Stonewall Jackson Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson dies eight days after he is accidentally Friendly fire shot by his own troops.
14th May » American Civil War: The Battle of Jackson, Mississippi e.g Battle of Jackson takes place.
17th May » Rosalía de Castro publishes 'Cantares Gallegos', the first book in the Galician language.
18th May » American Civil War: The Siege of Vicksburg begins.
21st May » American Civil War: The Union Army Battle of Plains Store known as succeeds in closing off the last escape route from Port Hudson, Louisiana, in preparation for the coming Siege of Port Hudson called siege.
21st May » Organization of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Battle Creek, Michigan.
22nd May » American Civil War: Siege of Port Hudson Union (American Civil War) known as Union forces begin to lay siege to the Confederate States of America named Confederate-controlled Port Hudson, Louisiana.
27th May » American Civil War: First Assault on the Confederate States of America called Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson.
7th June » During the French intervention in Mexico, Mexico City is captured by French Second Empire or French troops.
9th June » American Civil War: Battle of Brandy Station, Virginia.
14th June » American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester a United States called Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
14th June » Second Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson during the American Civil War.
17th June » American Civil War: Battle of Aldie in the Gettysburg Campaign.
20th June » American Civil War: West Virginia is admitted as the 35th U.S. state.
1st July » Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) in Suriname, marking the abolition of slavery by the Netherlands.
1st July » American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg begins.
4th July » American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg: Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant after 47 days of siege. One hundred fifty miles up the Mississippi River, a Confederate Army was repulsed at the Battle of Helena, Arkansas.
4th July » American Civil War: The Army of Northern Virginia Battle of Gettsyburg Confederate retreat withdrew from the battlefield after losing the Battle of Gettysburg, signalling an end to the Confederate States of America Southern Gettysburg Campaign invasion of
7th July » United States begins its first Conscription e.g military draft; exemptions cost $300.
9th July » American Civil War: The Siege of Port Hudson ends.
13th July » New York City draft riots: In New York City called New York, New York, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in History of the United States named United States history.
18th July » American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Wagner one of the first formal African American military units, the 54th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccess
30th July » American Indian Wars: Representatives of the United States and tribal leaders including Pocatello (Shoshoni chief) named Chief Pocatello (of the Shoshone) sign the Box Elder Treaty called Treaty of Box Elder.
8th August » American Civil War: Following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate States of America called Confederate President Jefferson Davis (which is refused upon receipt).
15th August » The Bombardment of Kagoshima called Anglo-Satsuma War begins between the Satsuma Domain of Japan and the United Kingdom (Traditional Japanese calendar e.g Japanese date: July 2, 1863).
16th August » The Dominican Restoration War begins when Gregorio Luperón raises the Flag of the Dominican Republic called Dominican flag in Santo Domingo after Spain had recolonized the country.
17th August » American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union (American Civil War) named Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter.
6th September » American Civil War: Confederate States of America or Confederate forces evacuate Fort Wagner called Battery Wagner and Morris Island in South Carolina.
8th September » American Civil War: Second Battle of Sabine Pass: On the Texas-Louisiana border at the mouth of the Sabine River (Texas-Louisiana) Sabine River, a small Confederate States of America Confederate force thwarts a United States Union invasion of Texas.
9th September » American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
16th September » Robert College of Istanbul-Turkey, the first American educational institution outside the United States, is founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist.
3rd October » The last Thursday in November is declared as Thanksgiving (United States) or Thanksgiving Day by United States President Abraham Lincoln as are Thursdays, November 30, 1865 and November 29, 1866.
14th October » American Civil War: Battle of Bristoe Station Army of the Confederate States of America named Confederate troops under the command of General Robert E. Lee fail to drive the U.S. Army e.g American Union Army completely out of Virginia.
15th October » American Civil War: The CSS Hunley named 'H. L. Hunley', the first submarine to sink a ship, sinks during a test, killing its inventor, Horace Lawson Hunley called Horace L. Hunley.
26th October » The Football Association, the oldest Association football named football association in the world, is formed in London.
29th October » Eighteen countries meet in Geneva and agree to form the International Red Cross.
29th October » American Civil War: Battle of Wauhatchie Forces under United States or Union General Ulysses S. Grant repel a Confederate States of America named Confederate attack led by General James Longstreet. Union forces thus open a supply line into Chattanooga, Te
30th October » Danish Prince Wilhelm arrives in Athens to assume his throne as George I of Greece named George I, King of the Hellenes.
31st October » The Maori Wars resume as British Empire named British forces in New Zealand led by General Duncan Cameron (general) or Duncan Cameron begin their Invasion of the Waikato.
17th November » American Civil War: Knoxville Campaign called Siege of Knoxville begins – Confederate States of America known as Confederate forces led by General James Longstreet place Knoxville, Tennessee, under siege.
18th November » King Christian IX of Denmark signs the History of Schleswig-Holstein The November Constitution November constitution that declares Schleswig to be part of Denmark. This is seen by the German Confederation as a violation of the London Protocol (1852) Londo
19th November » American Civil War: President of the United States called U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at the dedication ceremony for the military cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
23rd November » American Civil War: Third Battle of Chattanooga Battle of Chattanooga begins United States Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant reinforce troops at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and counter-attack Confederate States of America Confederate troops.
24th November » American Civil War: Third Battle of Chattanooga Battle of Lookout Mountain Near Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States Union forces under General Ulysses S. Grant capture Lookout Mountain and begin to break the Confederate States of America Confederate sie
25th November » American Civil War: Battle of Missionary Ridge At Missionary Ridge in Tennessee, United States known as Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant break the Siege of Chattanooga by routing Confederate States of America named Confederate troops under Gen
26th November » President of the United States e.g United States President Abraham Lincoln proclaims November 26 as a national Thanksgiving (United States) named Thanksgiving Day, to be celebrated annually on the final Thursday of November. (Since 1941, it has been on th
27th November » American Civil War: Confederate States of America e.g Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and several of his men escape the Ohio Penitentiary and return safely to the Confederate States of America named South.
27th November » American Civil War: Battle of Mine Run United States called Union forces under General George Meade take up positions against troops led by Confederate States of America e.g Confederate General Robert E. Lee.