CPSC 185: Control, Privacy and Technology
Brad Rosen (brad.rosen@yale.edu)
TAs: Emily Rosenberg (emily.rosenberg@yale.edu) & Vera Eidelman (vera.eidelman@yale.edu)
F, 3:30-5:30, WLH 204
Course Readings: Please Skim The Syllabi from 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010.
(1) Crazy Laws & Prosecutorial Discretion (Jan. 23 – Intro & Overview)
Inmates of Attica Correctional Facility v Rockerfeller, 477 F2d 375 (2d Cir. 1973):http://cases.justia.com/us-court-of-appeals/F2/477/375/1514/
Lon Fuller, The Case of The Speluncean Explorers: http://www.nullapoena.de/stud/explorers.html
Miller v. Skumanick, Order [Order] (Optional: Skim Complaint [Complaint])
Miller v. Skumanick, 3rd Cir. Appeal Pages: 4-11, Skim 14-21, 22-35.
United States v. Dougherty 473 F.2d 1113 (D.C. Cir. 1974) condensed opinion
United States v. Krzyske, 857 F.2d 1089 (6th Cir. 1988) and United States v. Krzyske, 836 F.2d 1013 (6th Cir. 1988) (read sections on jury nullification)
Tang, Xiyin: The Perverse Logic of Teen Sexting Prosecutions (And How To Stop It)
[N.B. The Fuller Article and the Inmates of Attica case serve as a framework for a number of the issues we will discuss in the class].
(2) Search, Seizure, and "Reasonable Expectations" (Jan. 30)
Katz v. U.S., 389 U.S. 347 (1967):
http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0389_0347_ZO.html
Harlan's Concurrence: http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0389_0347_ZC1.html
California v. Greenwood, 486 U.S. 35 (1988), including Brennan's Dissent:
http://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/486/35/case.html
Kyllo v. U.S., 533 U.S. 27 (2001): http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/99-8508.ZO.html
Time Magazine, Antonin Scalia, Civil Libertarian:
http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,130509,00.html
U.S. v. Camacho, 368 F3d 1182 (9th Cir. 2004): http://openjurist.org/368/f3d/1182/united-states-v-camacho
Forbes, Scanner Vans Allow Drive By Snooping, http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/0927/technology-x-rays-homeland-security-aclu-drive-by-snooping.html
Andy Greenberg, Full-Body Scan Technology Deployed in Street-Roving Vans,http://blogs.forbes.com/andygreenberg/2010/08/24/full-body-scan-technology-deployed-in-street-roving-vans/
Opening Brief For Petitioners, EPIC v. Napolitano, http://epic.org/EPIC_Body_Scanner_OB.pdf (pp. 1-19, 31-33)[OPTIONAL]
Complaint, Ventura v. Napolitano, http://static.infowars.com/2011/01/i/general/Ventura_lawsuit.pdf (skim)[OPTIONAL]
Raw Story, Naked-image full-body scanners to be taken out of U.S. airports, http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2013/01/18/naked-image-full-body-scanners-to-be-taken-out-of-u-s-airports/
Washington Post, How My Shirt Flummoxed the TSA, http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/how-my-shirt-flummoxed-the-tsa/2011/09/19/gIQA2PZwqK_story.html
Gonzalez v Schenectady, 2d Cir (Slip. Op. 2013)
(3) Search and Seizure, 2.0 (Feb. 5)
U.S. v. Knotts, 460 U.S. 276 (1983) (Read the Case Syllabus Only): http://supreme.justia.com/us/460/276/case.html (Optional Skim Case)
Use of GPS / Phones
U.S. v. Garcia, 474 F3d 994 (7th Cir. 2007): http://openjurist.org/474/f3d/994/united-states-v-garcia
People v. Weaver, 2009 N.Y. Slip Op. 03762: [pdf] (read pp. 1-28 and fn 1 on p. 29 — n.b. page numbers are of the pdf, as each opinion has its own page numbers)
Delaware v. Holden [PDF] (read pp. 1-7, 9-17)
U.S. v. Pineda Moreno, 9th Cir. Opinion: http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-9th-circuit/1497005.html AND Dissent from Denial of en banc:http://www.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2010/08/12/08-30385.pdf
U.S. v. Jones (2012) (read all opinions): http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/11pdf/10-1259.pdf
https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2013/10/third-circuit-agrees-eff-warrant-required-track-car-gps
http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2013/07/again-federal-court-finds-cops-dont-need-a-warrant-for-cellphone-location-data/
Optional: Application for Historical Cell Site Data [PDF] (read pp. 1-4, 15 – 35, skim pp. 5-14 [Conclusions of Fact])
Optional: Read Case Syllabus Only from U.S. v. Karo, 486 U.S. 705 (1984), http://supreme.justia.com/us/468/705/case.html
Perp walks
Chris Rovzar's Article: http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2011/05/a_brief_history_of_perp_walks.html
Lauro v. Charles, 219 F.3d 202 (2d Cir. 2000): https://law.resource.org/pub/us/case/reporter/F3/219/219.F3d.202.99-7239.1999.html
Caldarola 343 F.3d 570 (2d Cir. 2003): http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-2nd-circuit/1371024.html
Mugged by a Mug Shot Online
(4) Right Against Self Incrimination (Feb. 12)
U.S. v. Cohen, 388 F2d 464 (9th Cir. 1967): http://openjurist.org/388/f2d/464/united-states-v-cohen
U.S. v. Boucher, 2007 WL 4246473 (D. Vt. Nov. 29 2007): read the Magistrate Order first, then the Appeal
Bronston v. U.S., 409 U.S. 352 (1973): http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=409&invol=352
Brogan v. U.S., 522 U.S. 398 (1998): (note that the Souter and Stevens opinions are extremely short)
Scalia's Opinion: http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/96-1579.ZO.html
Souter's Concurrence: http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/96-1579.ZC.html
Ginsburg's Concurrence: http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/96-1579.ZC1.html
Stevens's Dissent: http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/96-1579.ZD.html
Andrew J. Ungberg, Protecting Privacy Through a Responsible Decryption Policy: SKIM [PDF]
Techdirt: Massachusetts Ignores 5th Amendment; Says Defendant Can Be Forced To Decrypt His Computer
EFF's Know Your Rights: https://www.eff.org/issues/know-your-rights
Apple's Fingerprint ID May Mean You Can't 'Take the Fifth' http://www.wired.com/opinion/2013/09/the-unexpected-result-of-fingerprint-authentication-that-you-cant-take-the-fifth/
Murphy v. Waterfront Comm'n of N.Y. Harbor, 378 U.S. 52 (1964) (Sub-Optional – We were going to have you read this, but we decided it was way too boring. Here's the link in case you're interested, but we won't even call it "optional."): http://openjurist.org/378/us/52/murphy-v-waterfront-commission-of-new-york-harbor
(5) Laptops, Documents & TXT MSGS (oh mai!) (Feb. 20)
U.S. v. Hubbell, 530 U.S. 27 (2000): http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/99-166.ZO.html
Thomas's Concurrence: http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/99-166.ZC.html
Search by government employer (will be more on private employers next week)
Ontario v. Quon, US Supreme Court
Optional/Skim: Quon v. Arch Wireless, 529 F.3d. 892 (9th Cir. 2008) Ninth Circuit: Opinion; Ikuta's Dissent; Wardlaw's Concurrence
Searches at the border
U.S. v. Arnold, 523 F.3d 941 (9th Cir. 2008): district court opinion; Ninth Circuit opinion [add cotterman and jae shik kim]
Techdirt, Think Tank Says DHS Should Stop Border Laptop Searches (also skim full report here)
Kashmir Hill, The Price to Cross the Border
Ars, Police Seizure of Text Messages Violated 4th Amendment
People v. Diaz, California Supreme Court
State v. Smith, Ohio Supreme Court
United States v. Garvey, US Virgin Islands
United States v. Flores-Lopez, 7th Cir
Riley v. California Sup Ct.
Where Police Can & Can't Snoop Through Your Phone
(6) Emails, Passwords and Consent (Feb. 27)
UNITED STATES v. GALPIN
Kashmir Hill, The Geek Squad Becomes the Porn Squad
Thompson v. Ross, W.D. Pa.
U.S. v. Warshak, (6th Cir. 2010), Slip Opinon, (skim 4-13, read p14-29, p. 94-98)
Romano v. Steelcase [PDF]
Jennings v. Holly , SC Supreme Court
Cnet, DOJ Abandons Warrantless Attempt to Read Yahoo Email
Who Has Your Back 2014
ABC News, Man Faces Five Years in Prison for Snooping Through Wife's Emails (Update: CBS Detroit, Final Charges Dropped in Husband-Wife Hacking Case)
Kashmir Hill, Aussie Teen Proves a Lover's Revenge Is Best Served Digitally
Judge dismisses case against Brooklyn man who shared nude photos of girlfriend on his Twitter account (full opinion: http://www.courts.state.ny.us/reporter/3dseries/2014/2014_50193.htm)
Reddit Bans Nude Photos Posted Without Consent
Email in the workplace
Stengart v. Loving Care, 990 A.2d 650 (2010), https://www.courtlistener.com/nj/8AYZ/stengart-v-loving-care-agency/
A Company Computer and Questions About E-Mail Privacy (N.Y. Times, June 27, 2008): http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/27/technology/27mail.html?_r=2&adxnnl=1&oref=slogin&ref=business&adxnnlx=1214862365-v6tJmItYLdKLKVEcpU7/bQ
Rebels in Black Robes Recoil at Surveillance of Computers (N.Y. Times, Aug. 8, 2001):http://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/08/national/08COUR.html?
Smyth v. Pillsbury Co., 914 F. Supp. 97 (E.D. Pa. 1996): http://www.loundy.com/CASES/Smyth_v_Pillsbury.html (Skim)
United States v. Hamilton (4th Circuit 2012)
California Judge Confirms Police Officers' Rights Were Violated By Hidden Locker Room Camera (ACLU.org, Apr. 4, 2006): http://www.aclu.org/technology-and-liberty/california-judge-confirms-police-officers-rights-were-violated-hidden-locker-
Venkat Balasubramani, Ex-Employees Awarded $4,000 for Email Snooping by Employer
(7) Right to Record and Wiretapping (March 6)
Recording police officers
ACLU v. Alvarez
Sharp v. Baltimore
Justice Dept. defends public's constitutional 'right to record' cops
DOJ letter
Cops Roll Out Citizen Video Order
Yes, You Have A Right to Record The Police
Secretly recording sex
NY v. Piznarski (Read up to page 12, skim the rest)
Charges target sex taping in dorm
Desfeux granted special probation
Other recording
Caro v. Weintraub
Dillon v. Seattle Deposition Reporters
ABC wins appeal over hidden camera investigation of medical lab (Optional: opinion)
Google "The Fappening" and "The Snappening" and read generally about both.
Government wiretapping
In re National Security Agency Telecommunications Records Litigation, No. 06-1791 (N.D.C.A. June 3, 2009) (Only Pages 2-6): http://www.eff.org/files/filenode/att/orderhepting6309_0.pdf
FBI pushes for surveillance backdoors in Web 2.0 tools
http://www.fbi.gov/news/testimony/going-dark-lawful-electronic-surveillance-in-the-face-of-new-technologies
N.S.A. Said to Search Content of Messages to and From U.S.
US v. Muhtorov
NSA infiltrates links to Yahoo, Google data centers worldwide, Snowden documents say
Here's how phone metadata can reveal your affairs, abortions, and other secrets
British Spies Said to Intercept Yahoo Webcam Images
(8) Data Aggregation, Brokers, and Breaches (April 10)
A. Aggregation Effect
How Privacy Vanishes Online (N.Y. Times, Mar. 17, 2010):http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/17/technology/17privacy.html
Cookies, Web Bugs, and In re Doubleclick Inc. Privacy Litigation, 154 F. Supp. 2d 497 (S.D.N.Y. 2001) (from Information Privacy Law 808-10 (Daniel J. Solove & Paul M. Schwartz eds., 2009)) (read the entire attached PDF)
Apple Sets May 1 Deadline to Cut off UDID
Fingerprinting and Beyond
Law Students Teach Scalia About Privacy and the Web (N.Y. Times, May 18, 2009): http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/18/technology/internet/18link.html
CDT Memo on Sorrell v. IMS, http://www.cdt.org/files/pdfs/20110324_SorrellvIMS.pdf
A Face Is Exposed for AOL Searcher No. 4417749 (N.Y. Times, Aug. 9, 2006):http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/09/technology/09aol.html?pagewanted=1
AOL search data release reveals a great deal (USAToday.com, Aug. 17, 2006):http://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/andrewkantor/2006-08-17-aol-data_x.htm
Google Thinks I'm a Middle-Aged Man. What About You? (Mashable.com, Jan. 25, 2012): http://mashable.com/2012/01/25/google-cookies/
Facebook Graph – Privacy Control You Still Don't Have https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2013/01/facebook-graph-search-privacy-control-you-still-dont-have
Facebook Users Want More Privacy, Nudged Towards Less, Study Finds (Also finds Water, Wet. Pope, Catholic)
Explore: http://actualfacebookgraphsearches.tumblr.com/
Teens, Social Media, and Privacy http://www.pewinternet.org/2013/05/21/teens-social-media-and-privacy/
"Critics of Privacy." Solove and Schwartz, Information Privacy Law (4th), pp. 62-69. (excerpt)
B. Data Brokers
The Data Brokers: Selling your personal information
Joshua L. Simmons, Buying You – The Government's Use of Fourth-Parties to Launder Data About "The People": http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1475524
EPIC, FTC Letter – Request for investigation into data broker products for compliance with the Fair Credit Reporting Act:http://epic.org/privacy/choicepoint/fcraltr12.16.04.html
Escaping the Scrapers, WSJ, http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2010/10/11/escaping-the-scrapers/
Press Release, Leahy Renews Push For Data Privacy Legislation, http://www.leahy.senate.gov/press/press_releases/release/?id=31e641c0-013e-4abc-8148-2c4f04ac3a8
Lawsuits Challenge US Online Data Brokers (Reuters Legal, Feb. 24, 2011):http://www.reu dters.com/assets/print?aid=USN2427826420110224
Purcell v. Spokeo, Complaint [PDF] (pp. 1-5)
Court Revives Lawsuit Against Spokeo
C. Data Breaches
Private Information Stolen from Nationwide Consumer Database (ConsumerAffairs.com, Feb. 16, 2005): http://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2005/choicepoint.html
ChoicePoint Details Data Breach Lessons
ChoicePoint-FBI Deal Raises New Privacy Questions
ChoicePoint to pay $275,000 in latest data breach (CNET.com, Oct. 20, 2009):http://news.cnet.com/8301-27080_3-10379722-245.html
The Target Data Breach is Becoming a Nightmare
Calif. attorney general: Time to crack down on companies that don't encrypt
Does Clapper Silence Data Breach Litigation? A Two Year Retrospective
(9A) If you're not paying for it…(and then what do they do with it?) (April 17)
(skim) WSJ Privacy Coverage: One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight
Terms and Conditions: A movie about privacy policies you'll actually want to watch
A. Social Media and employment
Keeping a Closer Eye on Employees' Social Networking (NYTimes.com, Mar. 26, 2010):http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/26/keeping-a-closer-eye-on-workers-social-networking/?scp=1&sq=facebook%20employers&st=cse.
OPTIONAL – For a 2009 study on the rate at which employers search for applicants' profiles, see the following CareerBuilder.com report, published Aug. 19, 2009:http://www.careerbuilder.com/share/aboutus/pressreleasesdetail.aspx?id=pr519&sd=8/19/2009&ed=12/31/2009&siteid=cbpr&sc_cmp1=cb_pr519_&cbRecursionCnt=2&cbsid=f430eced50a44966a0c38ab247728f26-323142413-RF-4
The Atlantic, Should Employers Be Allowed to Ask For Your Facebook Password?
Millennial Fired For Tweet
GigaOm, What happens when social surveillance goes mainstream? http://gigaom.com/2012/04/02/what-happens-when-social-surveillance-goes-mainstream/
B. Social media, police, and courts
Reuters, In US Courts, Facebook Posts Become Less Private
Ehling v. Monmouth Ocean
Forbes, Judge Orders Divorcing Couple to Swap Facebook Passwords
When Tweets Can Make You a Jailbird (N.Y. Times, Mar. 16, 2010): http://www.law.com/jsp/lawtechnologynews/PubArticleLTN.jsp?id=1202446309011&slreturn=1&hbxlogin=1
Criminal Selfies: One, Two
C. Data Privacy and Marketing
Facebook is Marketing Your Brand Preferences (With Your Permission) (N.Y. Times, Nov. 7, 2007):http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/07/technology/07adco.html
Facebook to Shut Down Ad Program
Facebook Test-Drives Real Time Ad Targeting, http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2382544,00.asp
Kash Hill, How Target Figured Out a Teen Girl Was Pregnant Before Her Father Did, http://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2012/02/16/how-target-figured-out-a-teen-girl-was-pregnant-before-her-father-did/
Amazon Wants to Ship Your Package Before You Buy It
Time, Private Eyes – Retailers watching our every move, http://business.time.com/2012/09/18/private-eyes-are-retailers-watching-our-every-move/
(9B) Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? (Quidquid latine dictum sit, altum videtur) (Apr. 17)
A. EPIC / Facebook
Facebook Settles FTC Charges That It Deceived Consumers By Failing To Keep Privacy Promises, http://www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/2011/11/facebook-settles-ftc-charges-it-deceived-consumers-failing-keep
(Skim) Facebook FTC Complaint, http://www.ftc.gov/sites/default/files/documents/cases/2011/11/111129facebookcmpt.pdf and Consent Order http://www.ftc.gov/sites/default/files/documents/cases/2012/08/120810facebookdo.pdf
EPIC – Public Opinion on Privacy http://epic.org/privacy/survey/ (skim)
EPIC – Facebook Privacy http://epic.org/privacy/facebook/ (skim)
Written Congressional Testimony of Marc Rotenberg, July 28, 2010, http://epic.org/privacy/socialnet/EPIC_Testimony_House_Jud_7_10.pdf
B. FTC / Mobile
http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/opinion-la/la-ol-ftc-rules-for-twitter-20130312,0,1847653.story
http://www.politico.com/story/2013/03/privacy-issues-at-top-of-edith-ramirezs-federal-trade-commissione-agenda-88663.html
(skim) http://www.ftc.gov/speeches/rosch/120914TheMentorGroupBostonParisFrance.pdf
http://articles.latimes.com/2013/feb/01/business/la-fi-tn-ftc-mobile-privacy-consumers-report-20130201
http://thehill.com/blogs/hillicon-valley/technology/287089-new-ftc-chief-vows-to-continue-push-for-online-privacy
FTC, Protecting Consumer Privacy in an Era of Rapid Change, http://www.ftc.gov/os/2012/03/120326privacyreport.pdf
C. Governance Regimes (Skim all)
Privacy Governance by Contract, by Self-Regulation, by Property, and by Statute (excerpts from Information Privacy Law 808-10 (Daniel J. Solove & Paul M. Schwartz eds., 2009)) (read the attached PDF)
RadioShack puts customer personal data up for sale in bankruptcy auction – http://www.pcworld.com/article/2901028/radioshack-puts-customers-personal-data-up-for-sale-in-bankruptcy-auction.html
California OAG – Privacy Principles http://ag.ca.gov/cms_attachments/press/pdfs/n2630_signed_agreement.pdf?.
Consumer Data Privacy in a Networked World, http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/privacy-final.pdf
The FTC and the New Common Law of Privacy (download paper) http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2312913
(12) Theories of Privacy Rights: Penumbras and Unintended Consequences (Apr. 24):
Samuel D. Warren & Louis D. Brandeis, The Right to Privacy, 4 Harv. L. Rev. 5 (1890). (attached as PDF)
Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965): Douglas's opinion for the Court:http://www4.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0381_0479_ZO.html; Black's dissent (first three paragraphs only): http://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/381/479#writing-USSC_CR_0381_0479_ZD
Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973) (Blackmun's opinion – only preamble (the paragraphs preceding section I) and section VIII):http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0410_0113_ZO.html
Randall P. Bezanson, The Right to Privacy Revisited: Privacy, News, and Social Change 1890-1990, 80 Cal. L. Rev. 5 (1992) [only pages 1137-1150] (attached as PDF)
Robert C. Post, The Social Foundations of Privacy: Community and Self in the Common Law Tort, 77 Cal. L. Rev. 5 (1989) [only pages 969-978] (attached as PDF)
Catsouras v. Dept. of Cal. Hwy. Patrol, 181 Cal. App. 4th 856 (2010) [only pages 10-18] (attached as PDF)
ABCNews, Families Struggle to Delete Loved One's Online Presence After Death, http://abcnews.go.com/US/families-struggle-delete-loved-online-presence-death/story?id=15108300#.T4yn4qtQ4iE
Justia, Facebook's "If I Die" App Should Remind Us That We Each Need a Digital Death Plan, http://verdict.justia.com/2012/01/17/facebooks-if-i-die-app-should-remind-us-that-we-each-need-a-digital-death-plan
Facebook Now Lets You Choose Who Controls Your Account After You Die, http://www.theverge.com/2015/2/12/8025117/facebook-account-after-death
….but people aren't using it: http://www.forbes.com/sites/ellenhuet/2015/04/21/digital-asset-legacy-poll/
Lifehacker, What Should I Do About My Virtual Life After Death, http://lifehacker.com/5617683/what-should-i-do-about-my-virtual-life-after-death
Facebook Memorial Sites Taking Hold, http://www.cbsnews.com/2100-501366_162-6172718.html
Google Inactive Account Manager, http://techcrunch.com/2013/04/11/googles-afterlife/
What Inactive Account Manager means for your will, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/9997105/Google-RIP-What-Inactive-Account-Manager-means-for-your-will.html
National archives v. Favish, 541 U.S. 157 (2004) (Opinion by Kennedy):http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/02-954.ZO.html
Marsh v. San Diego http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2012/05/30/11-55395.pdf
Kiel Brennan Marquez, "A modest defense of mind-reading" http://yjolt.org/modest-defense-mind-reading
Refresh Lon Fuller, The Case of The Speluncean Explorers:http://www.nullapoena.de/stud/explorers.html