#Cancer Cell#Transplants#Stem Cells#Cancer Treatment#Ch
Discovery may lead to expanded donor pool for stem cell transplants for patients with cancer
By Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
MedicalXpress
Cancer physicians have long disagreed about whether stem cell transplants from donors with an asymptomatic blood condition called clonal hematopoiesis (CH) put recipients at risk for subsequent health problems. Such concerns have even prompted some transplant centers to exclude these individuals as donors. In a new study, researchers at...
Stem cells instead of drugs? Trial is testing a way to help strengthen transplant patients' immune systems
Before her mother's kidney transplant, Arianna Barrett watched a medical professional carefully extract stem cells from her own neck with a feeling that she was observing scientific developments in real time. Since her mother was diagnosed with kidney disease, Barrett, a 36-year-old Chicago teacher, always knew she wanted to donate...
CHICAGO, IL・ 14 DAYS AGO
Lymphoma cell metabolism may provide new cancer target
Aggressive and relatively common lymphomas called diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) have a critical metabolic vulnerability that can be exploited to trick these cancers into starving themselves, according to a study from Cornell researchers. The researchers, whose study published Dec. 13 in Blood Cancer Discovery, showed that the protein...
CANCER・ 14 DAYS AGO
Florida Star
MRNA Research May Lead To Better Cancer Drugs
Almost everyone on the planet has now heard of mRNA, thanks to the vaccines against COVID-19 from Pfizer and Moderna based on messenger RNA. But before mRNA was used to address COVID, research was conducted into how it could fight cancer. Now, researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev have discovered a key connection between mRNA, peptide proteins and tumor progression.
Twin Falls Times-News
Doctors transplant pig heart into a patient
U.S. doctors have transplanted a pig heart into a patient in a last-ditch effort to save his life - a first for medical science. While it's too soon to know if the operation really will work, it marks a step in the decades-long quest to one day use animal organs for life-saving transplants. Doctors at University of Maryland School of Medicine said Monday the patient is doing well three days after surgery. The patient is 57-year-old David Bennett, a Maryland handyman too sick to get a human heart.
DISEASES & TREATMENTS・ 6 DAYS AGO
henryford.com
Stem Cell Transplant Caregiver Support Group
Join us the first week of each month to address the unique experiences stem cell transplant caregivers face. The group will consist of an educational component on various topics related to caregiving such as how to manage various priorities (e.g., work, finances, family), communicate with loved ones, employ adaptive coping skills and stress management techniques, among others. Time will also be devoted to processing experiences with others who are in a similar role. We look forward to seeing you there!
HEALTH・ 14 DAYS AGO
Newswise
New Resource from NCCN Shares Evidence-Based Approaches to Recognize and Manage Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Stem Cell Transplantation
Newswise — PLYMOUTH MEETING, PA [January 10, 2022] — The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN®) today announced the publication of new NCCN Guidelines for Patients®: Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD). GVHD is a complication that occurs after a donor stem cell or bone marrow (a.k.a. hematopoietic) transplant—which is used to cure some types of blood cancers. One goal of donor hematopoietic cell transplants is for the donor's immune cells to attack the cancerous cells, an important contributor to achieving a cure. When GVHD occurs, the transplanted donor cells attack the patient's healthy body tissues, causing mild or severe symptoms. Incidences of acute and chronic GVHD continue to be significant in the United States, in particular with the increasing use of incompletely-matched donors—meaning the healthy cells are donated from a someone who is not a perfect tissue-type (also known as HLA) match.[1]
CANCER・ 8 DAYS AGO
Genprex Expands Gene Therapy Oncology Pipeline to Include Small Cell Lung Cancer
AUSTIN, Texas--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Jan 4, 2022-- Genprex, Inc. ("Genprex" or the "Company") (NASDAQ: GNPX ), a clinical-stage gene therapy company focused on developing life-changing therapies for patients with cancer and diabetes, today announced that it has expanded its oncology research and development pipeline to include small cell lung cancer (SCLC) as an additional disease indication for its lead drug candidate, REQORSA™ Immunogene Therapy. SCLC represents approximately 10-15 percent of the lung cancer market, while REQORSA's initial target indication of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents approximately 84 percent of the lung cancer market.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation as a curative therapeutic approach for VEXAS syndrome: a case report
VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is a newly described entity linked to somatic mutation of UBA1, encompassing inflammatory disorders and hematological malignancies. Patients experiments symptoms related to inflammatory manifestations on the skin, joints, lungs. Most patients are refractory to usual anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive treatments. Half of them will develop hematological diseases, mostly myelodysplastic syndromes. VEXAS patients with hematological malignancies have a poor outcome and no curative option has been described so far. Because in the first reported cohort of VEXAS patients the UBA1 mutation was only found in hematopoietic stem cells but not in fibroblasts, we hypothesized that bone marrow transplantation would provide a cure for the disease. Here we report the case of a VEXAS patient who successfully received an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a curative option.
Acquired WT1 mutations contribute to relapse of NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant
The role of WT1 protein in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesisis incompletely elucidated. WT1 overexpression is common in acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, WT1 mutations occur in only about 10% of cases, with increasing incidence in the setting of relapse. In this study, we investigated the clinical and molecular characteristics of WT1 mutations in NPM1-mutated AML, to enhance our understanding of the biology and potential therapeutic implications of WT1 mutations. Our study cohort included 67 patients with NPM1 mutated AML and a median follow-up of 13.7 months. WT1 mutations were identified in 7% (n"‰="‰5) of patients at the time of initial diagnosis. WT1 mutant clones were presumed to be present as co-dominant clones in 3/5 and in subclonal populations in 2/5 cases based on variant allelic frequency (VAF) when compared with NPM1 mutation VAF. All WT1 mutations became undetectable at time of MRD-negative (NPM1-wild type) remission. None of these patients experienced relapse at the time of last follow-up (median, 15 months; range, 4.5""20.2 months). A total of 15/67 (22%) patients relapsed; among these patient, four (27%) relapsed with WT1 mutant AML. Three of four patients had undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). None of these patients had detectable WT1 mutations at the time of initial diagnosis. WT1 mutations were presumed clonal in two cases and subclonal in the other two cases, based on VAF. Our results indicate that WT1 mutations contribute to relapse in NPM1 mutated AML, especially in the setting of HSCT. These findings suggest that emerging WT1 mutations may serve as a conduit for relapse in NPM1-mutated AML, and that sequential molecular profiling to evaluate potential emergent WT1 mutations during surveillance and particularly at relapse likely has prognostic value in patients with NPM1 mutated AML.
mskcc.org
Why Do Brain Tumors Often Return After Treatment? MSK Researchers Say Stem Cells May Be Key
Glioblastoma brain tumors are one of the most deadly forms of cancer, with a five-year survival rate of less than 10% for patients 45 and older. Even when the tumors look as if they have been fully removed, they almost always come back. Investigators who are part of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center's Brain Tumor Center (BTC) are focusing their efforts on these cancers, with the goal of developing better treatments.
Feasibility of early sirolimus cessation post non-myeloablative transplantation in adult patients with severe sickle cell disease
All prices are NET prices. VAT will be added later in the checkout. Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. Get time limited or full article access on ReadCube. All prices are NET prices. Additional access options:. References. 1. Hsieh MM, Kang EM, Fitzhugh CD, Link MB, Bolan CD, Kurlander...
SCIENCE・ 5 DAYS AGO
Adjuvant pembrolizumab extends DFS for certain patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Pembrolizumab extended DFS compared with placebo as adjuvant treatment for patients with stage IB to stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer, according to topline data released by the agent's manufacturer. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda, Merck) is an anti-PD-1 therapy approved for several oncology indications. The randomized phase 3 KEYNOTE-091 trial included...
European LeukemiaNet-defined primary refractory acute myeloid leukemia: the value of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and overall response
We sought to appraise the value of overall response and salvage chemotherapy, inclusive of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT), in primary refractory acute myeloid leukemia (prAML). For establishing consistency in clinical practice, the 2017 European LeukemiaNet (ELN) defines prAML as failure to attain CR after at least 2 courses of intensive induction chemotherapy. Among 60 consecutive patients (median age 63 years) correspondent with ELN-criteria for prAML, salvage was documented in 48 cases, 30/48 (63%) being administered intensive chemotherapy regimens and 2/48 consolidated with AHSCT as first line salvage. 13/48 (27%) attained response: CR, 7/13 (54%), CRi, 2/13 (15%), MLFS, 4/13 (31%). The CR/CRi rate was 9/48 (19%), with CR rate of 7/48 (15%). On univariate analysis, intermediate-risk karyotype was the only predictor of response (44% vs 17% in unfavorable karyotype; P"‰="‰0.04). Administration of any higher-dose (>1"‰g/m2) cytarabine intensive induction (P"‰="‰0.50), intensive salvage chemotherapy (P"‰="‰0.72), targeted salvage (FLT3 or IDH inhibitors) (P"‰="‰0.42), greater than 1 salvage regimen (P"‰="‰0.89), age < 60 years (P"‰="‰0.30), and de novo AML (P"‰="‰0.10) did not enhance response achievement, nor a survival advantage. AHSCT was performed in 12 patients with (n"‰="‰8) or without (n"‰="‰4) CR/CRi/MLFS. 1/2/5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 63%/38%/33% in patients who received AHSCT (n"‰="‰12) vs 27%/0%/0% in those who achieved CR/CRi/MLFS but were not transplanted (n"‰="‰5), vs 14%/0%/0% who were neither transplanted nor achieved CR/CRi/MLFS (n"‰="‰43; P"‰<"‰0.001); the median OS was 18.6, 12.6 and 5.6 months, respectively. Although CR/CRi/MLFS bridged to AHSCT (n"‰="‰8), appeared to manifest a longer median OS (20 months), vs (13.4 months) for those with no response consolidated with AHSCT (n"‰="‰4), the difference was not significant P"‰="‰0.47. We conclude AHSCT as indispensable for securing long-term survival in prAML (p"‰="‰0.03 on multivariate analysis), irrespective of response achievement.
CANCER・ 1 DAY AGO
Robust COVID-19 vaccination response after allogeneic stem cell transplantation using post transplantation cyclophosphamide conditioning
Since the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic, clinicians aim to understand the implications of this new infectious disease, enabling them to make evidence based clinical decisions for their specific patient populations. Despite increasing knowledge on the antibody response of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in hematological patients and more specifically in patients treated by means of an allogeneic stem cell transplantation, limited data are available on the impact of treatment with cyclophosphamide post transplantation (PTCy). Cyclophosphamide exerts its effect through specific deletion of proliferating alloreactive T-cells on day +3 and +4 after stem cell infusion, leaving the T-cell compartment responsible for immune reconstitution and resistance to infection, largely unaffected [1]. We hypothesize that this might preserve the ability to mount a robust antibody response against SARS-CoV-2, even in case of vaccination early after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Medscape News
Extensive Informed Consent May Not Improve Patients' Understanding of Their Cancer Care
Providing detailed informed consent does not appear to improve patients' comprehension, according to a study published on researchsquare.com as a preprint and not yet peer reviewed. Key Takeaway. Patients with cancer are equally likely to understand their treatment when provided long, involved informed consent forms designed for clinical trials and...
outsourcing-pharma.com
The researchers, in studying how polyps morph into colorectal cancer, have set a path for improved surveillance of the disease, harnessing precision medicine. A team of researchers based at Vanderbilt University (VU) reportedly have revealed some of the mechanisms through which polyps turn into colorectal cancer. The discovery could set the framework for improved surveillance for the type of cancer through the use of precision medicine.
Survival rate rises steadily among patients with relapsed ALL after stem cell transplant
The 2-year OS rate nearly doubled during the past 2 decades among patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia who relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, according to study results. The findings, published in Clinical Cancer Research, indicated the factors associated with the sustained OS increase are likely multifactorial.
Researchers identify bacterial protein associated with colorectal cancers
Strains of bacteria that cause common food-poisoning symptoms often contain a toxin that can damage DNA in intestinal cells, potentially triggering colon cancer, according to a study from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The discovery raises the possibility that some of the roughly two million...
Clinical outcomes of individualized busulfan-dosing in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Chinese children undergoing with therapeutic drug monitoring
To identify relationships between busulfan (Bu) exposure and outcomes of a cohort pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), along with a targeted busulfan-based conditioning regimen. We retrospectively evaluated targeted busulfan concentrations in 53 pediatric patients (age 0.4""16 years) who received busulfan 4 times daily according to recommended weight-based doses in a single-center analysis between 2018 and 2020. In this trial, individual busulfan pharmacokinetics were performed following dose 5 of the conditioning regimen. Twenty four of 53 patients (45.3%) studies did not require dose adjustments. Equal number of patients (24/53) required one dose adjustments while two-dose adjustment applied for 5 of 53 (9.4%). Twenty-one percent of the patients exhibited ll-lV aGVHD. The incidence of veno-occlusive disease (VOD) was in 3.8% of the 53 patients, while incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis (II""III) reached to 9.7%. Engraftment was successful in 98% of the 53 patients with relapse in 2% of cases. The probability of overall survival and disease-free survival at day 100 was 96% and 94%, respectively. In conclusion, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and individualization of Bu dosage are essential to improve the efficacy and safety of busulfan-based regimen in Chinese pediatric HSCT recipients.
HEALTH・ 1 DAY AGO
ABC 7 Chicago
Stem cell transplant saves life of Bourbonnais toddler with leukemia
An 18-year-old Ohio nursing student found out she was a match for a sick boy during her first college finals.
BOURBONNAIS, IL・ 7 DAYS AGO