Caption: Women MLAs in the outgoing Delhi Vidhan Sabha. Clockwise: Alka Lamba, Parmila Tokas, Bandana Kumari, Bhavna Gaur, Rakhi Birla, Sarita Singh, (Image Courtesy: Deccan Herald)
Women Continue To Be Underrepresented in Delhi Assembly
Pragnya Reddy February 7, 2020 December 29, 2020
Delhi Vidhan Sabha, the elected body of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, has a dismal representation of women. Only 9% of the elected MLAs in the outgoing Vidhan Sabha were women. However, women contestants have increased by 17% in the upcoming elections from the last elections in 2015. While the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) and the Indian National Congress (INC) have increased the share of tickets given to women, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has given fewer tickets to women since the last elections.
As Delhi votes to elect its next Vidhan Sabha, BehanBox analyses data to construct a history of women's political representation and participation.
Delhi At The Bottom Of The Top 10 States With The Highest Representation Of Women
The dismal state of women's representation in India's Vidhan Sabhas is evident from the fact that only 8 of 29 state legislatures have more than 10% women MLAs, far short of a minimum 33% that women in India have been advocating for. Delhi with 9% women MLAs lies at the bottom of the table of the top 10 states with the highest representation of women.
[Image description: Horizontal bar chart ranking states based on the percentage of women MLAs in Vidhan Sabhas. Chattisgarh, West Bengal-14%, Puducherry-13%, Rajasthan, Bihar, Jharkhand-12%,UP-11%, Haryana-10%, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Delhi-9%, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra-8%, Gujarat, Uttarakhand-7%, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh-6%]
Women MLAs Over The Years In Delhi State Assembly
[Image Description – Stacked bar representing number of women MLAs over the years. 1972-3, 1997-4, 1983-4, 1993-3, 1998-9, 2003-7, 2008-3, 2013-3, 2015-6]
The second Vidhan Sabha ( The first Vidhan Sabha elections were held in 1951 but no gender disaggregated data is available) in 1972 had 5% women MLAs which has only increased to 9% in the last Vidhan Sabha.
Delhi saw the highest ever women's representation in the Vidhan Sabha in 1998, where 13% of MLAs were women. Thereafter, the number saw a steady decline with only 4% women MLAs in 2008 and 2013, with a marginal rise in the last elections.
Marginal Increase In Women contestants
[Image Description – Line Chart showing number of women contestants in each election. 1972-6, 1977-7, 1983-21, 1993-58, 1998-57, 2003-78, 2008-81, 2013-71, 2015-67, 2020-79]
Women form only 12% of the total contestants in the upcoming elections, a marginal increase from 10% in 2015, in Delhi according to data compiled by the non-profit Association of Democratic Reforms. Between 2015 and 2020, women contestants have increased marginally by 17%.
[Image Description: Line Chart showing growth of independent women contestants in Delhi. 1972-2, 1977-0, 1983-12, 1993-19, 1998-15, 2003-18, 2008-34, 2013-15, 2015-19, 2020-17]
Historically, women contestants saw a steady rise from 1972 to 2008 when 81 women, highest in Delhi's history contested the elections. The number of independent women candidates has been decreasing steadily since 2008.
AAP And INC Increase Tickets, BJP Gives Fewer Tickets To Women
[ Image Description: A line chart showing the number of women contestants from different parties over the years in the Delhi Vidhan Sabha.]
Among the main parties, AAP and INC have increased the proportion of women candidates among their total contestants, while BJP has given fewer tickets to women in the upcoming elections.
AAP has increased their share of women contestants from 9% in 2015 to 13% in 2020. The INC, which historically gave the highest proportion of tickets (17%) to women in 2003, has once again allocated the largest share of tickets to women among all the main parties in the upcoming elections. The party has doubled its share from 7% to 15% between 2015 and 2020. BJP has reduced its share of women contestants from 12% to 7% over the same period.
Scheduled Caste women MLAs in Delhi's Vidhan Sabha Remain Constant
[Image Description – Line Chart showing number of SC women MLAs in each election. 1972-1, 1977-1, 1983-1, 1993-1, 1998-3, 2003-1, 2008-0, 2013-2, 2015-1]
[Image Description – Line Chart showing number of SC women contestants in each election. 1972-1, 1977-2, 1983-2, 1993-9, 1998-11, 2003-18, 2008-16, 2013-13, 2015-16]
Although there is a rise in the number of women contesting from SC communities, not more than 3 women winners have been elected in any election. In 2008, when the number of women contestants was the highest with 81, no Scheduled Caste woman has won the election.
A former sweeper from a Mahadalit–or lowest of the low–castes, Bhagirathi Devi (centre), 65, is among 28 female MLAs from Bihar contesting the forthcoming assembly election of their own standing, refuting a commonly held notion that most women in politics are proxies for male spouses or relatives. Image credit: Bhagirathi Devi/Nityanand Kumar
From Proxies To Politicians: Bihar's Female MLAs
Thirty five years ago, Bhagirathi Devi was a sweeper in the block development office in Narkatiyaganj, a town in Bihar's West Champaran district.Today, she is a third-term member of the legislative assembly (MLA) of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), representing the Ramnagar (formerly Shikarpur) constituency in northwestern Bihar, one of 34 female MLAs in the 243-member vidhan sabha.A Mahadalit–as the Bihar government started calling the poorest of low-caste Dalits in 2007– Bhagirathi Devi joined politics as a reaction to what she saw around her. "I was angry at the injustice and cruelty meted out to the poor, especially poor women, who came to the
Bhanupriya Rao September 26, 2015 December 29, 2020