Tag Archives: Toulouse
by Guestspeaker | 2019/03/15 · 8:50 am
Historian Deborah Lipstadt Assesses the New Anti-Semitism
Historian Deborah Lipstadt has published an accessible and comprehensive book about contemporary anti-Semitism called "Antisemitism: Here and Now." The book, in which she spells anti-Semitism as "antisemitism" for reasons she outlines—is structured as a series of letters she writes to a fictional student and colleague — both of whom are composites of people Lipstadt has taught and worked with at Emory University in Atlanta.
Lipstadt, the author of books on Holocaust denial and the Adolf Eichmann trial, has experienced anti-Semitism as a result of confronting Holocaust deniers. In the early 2000s, she prevailed in a defamation lawsuit brought by David Irving, one of the more prolific and notorious Holocaust "revisionists." Her victory was dramatized in "Denial," a 2016 movie starring Rachel Weisz.
Lipstadt writes that anti-Semitism is challenging to define:
"It is hard, if not impossible, to explain something that is essentially irrational, delusional, and absurd."
She recently spoke to JewishBoston about her new book and the ongoing scourge of anti-Semitism around the world.
Is today's anti-Semitism "old wine in new bottles?"
On some level, it is old wine in new bottles. There are certain aspects of the stereotype which continue to exist and don't go away. What's different today is a number of things. First of all, it's coming from the right and the left simultaneously. That's different. At the same time, we've got a third source, and that is Islamic extremists who have been responsible for dangerous, deadly events in Europe. In some sectors of the Muslim community, it has become embedded among people who wouldn't think to do anything violent but think evil things of Jews. This combination is different, but the charges are classic.
Actor Rachel Weisz and author Deborah Lipstadt on the set of their film "Denial," a Bleecker Street release. (Photo credit: Liam Daniel/Bleecker Street)
In your introduction, you write, "By the time this book appears there will have been new examples of antisemitism."
In some ways, the book is a work in progress. I was sure by the time it was published there would have been a number of instances that could have appeared. Five weeks after I hit the send button, Pittsburgh happened.
Speaking of ongoing anti-Semitism, what inspired you to write a book about it?
I wrote an article right after Gaza happened the summer of 2014 for The New York Times op-ed page. What struck me was the degree of anti-Semitism that got mixed up in opposition to that war. But it wasn't just the war. There was the 2006 murder of Ilan Halimi. In 2012 there were the murders at a Jewish school in Toulouse. Then there was the shooting at the Jewish Museum of Brussels just before Gaza. Anti-Semitism was coming back in a way that deserved attention. The Times article was very popular, and my agent asked where my book proposal was. I sent him a brief proposal as a favor. He came back to me shortly afterward and said he sold the book. That's how I came to write a book about anti-Semitism.
You talk about what I describe as "low-voltage anti-Semitism" that can happen casually at dinner parties or in dorm rooms. How do Jews deal with that?
While this book has received mostly amazing reviews, like any author, I tend to linger on the one or two negative ones. One of the reviews said I should not have told my fictitious student Abigail that when she encountered anti-Semitism among her roommates to go back and have a discussion. The reviewer said, "I would have told her to find new friends." That's the wrong answer. We'll run out of friends very quickly if we do that. There is a lot of misunderstanding of what anti-Semitism is and what constitutes it. Our job should be to try to explain that to people. However, when you call me a termite [as Louis Farrakhan did] because I'm a Jew, I'm not going to try and educate you anymore. We have to discern between ignorance and what is absorbed from the ethos sphere, and the committed anti-Semite.
What do you say to young Jews participating in the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement? And what are some of the anti-Semitic tropes associated with BDS?
Many people on campus who support BDS probably couldn't find Israel on a map. I don't immediately brand every person who supports BDS as an anti-Semite. Some people erroneously equate BDS with their parents' votes against apartheid. But if you drill down to what BDS is all about it, it calls for the destruction of the state of Israel. That is anti-Semitism. As for the tropes, it's this talk of power, control and money. It's the anti-Semitic stereotypes put into a Middle Eastern context. A few days ago, people said the seven Labour lawmakers who resigned over anti-Semitism in their party were being paid to do so by Israel. If that supposition weren't so dangerous, it would be simply absurd.
(Courtesy image)
Are anti-Zionists and anti-Semites the same?
They are backing into each other. If you look at each of them in 1935 or 1945, they are not one and the same. Bret Stephens had a great article about the difference. I second what he says very much. Look at the division and we now see something quite distinct. We see something that has become this hostility to Israel. Opposition to Israeli policy is not anti-Semitism. It's important to recognize that. We're talking about a myopic view that all the troubles in the world are the Palestinians'—the only one at fault in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is Israel. Something is wrong with that.
I recently heard a story about a student in a New York City public high school who asked her teacher to sign a letter of recommendation for a summer program. She brought him the form, and when he saw it was for Israel, he said he wouldn't write a letter for her. She asked if he would write a letter for a program in North Korea, China, Myanmar or Sudan, and he said yes.
Something is wrong when your singular focus is on one country. Something is wrong when you look at this complicated situation in Israel where there are wrongs on both sides. We see a dedication to Palestinian organizations that have a major commitment to the destruction of Israel within their charters. And you have to ask, why this myopic view? That's when you come to anti-Semitism.
It's almost Purim, and your middle name is Esther. Do you feel you have a Queen Esther-like role in the Jewish community?
Someone once sent me a quote from the Book of Esther where Mordechai comes to Esther to tell her she has to approach the king, or our people will be murdered. She initially says she can't go to the king because she will be killed. But then she does talk to him on behalf of her people. In fighting deniers and anti-Semitism, I don't feel I'm a queen of anything. What I do feel is very gratified that I've been given a chance to do this work. I wish anti-Semitism were an old problem, but there's an urgency to understand it. People are so grateful and appreciative that I do that. I feel humbled and thankful that I'm getting this kind of reaction. I'm not a Queen Esther, but I have been given a similar gift of being in the right place at the right time. This enables me to contribute to an important battle.
By Judy Bolton-Fasman for JewishBoston
Holocaust Historian Deborah Lipstadt Prevails in "Denial"
Judy Bolton-Fasman
Filed under Activism and Peace Work, Crimes & Atrocities, Cultural affairs, Headlines - News, Lifestyle, Re-Blogs and Great Blogs, Religious affairs, Social affairs, World affairs
Tagged as 2012, 2014, Adolf Eichmann trial, Anti-Semite(s), Anti-Semitism, Anti-Zionist(s), Antisemitism: Here and Now (Deborah Lipstadt), Bret Stephens, David Irving, Deborah Lipstadt, Denial (2016 film), Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement, Emory University (Atlanta), Holocaust denial, Holocaust denier(s), Holocaust revisionist(s), Islamic extremist(s), Israel, Jewish Museum of Belgium, JewishBoston Newspaper, Megillah (book of Esther), Muslim community, Opposition to Israeli policy, Palestinians, Toulouse
by Immanuel Verbondskind | 2019/02/20 · 2:40 pm
It is not new. Already several months we can see there is a growing anti-Semitism again in France and Belgium. The home to the biggest Jewish community in Europe, France , represents around 550,000, a population that has grown by about half since World War Two, but anti-Semitic attacks remain common. Government statistics released last week showed there were more than 500 anti-Semitic attacks in the country last year, a 74 percent increase from 2017.
Alarming it should be that it seems that the Jewish communities across West-Europe feel much more endangered that non-Jews think they are.
A 28-country survey by the European Commission, published last month, revealed a gap in perceptions between those in and out of the Jewish community.
According to the report, 89% of Jewish people said anti-Semitism had "significantly increased" over the last five years. Only 36% of non-Jews believed the same.
Among the incidents arousing worries of renewed anti-Semitism was a torrent of hate speech directed at Jewish philosopher Alain Finkielkraut during a Saturday march by yellow vest protesters.
In recent incidents, swastika graffiti was found on street portraits of Simone Veil — a survivor of Nazi death camps and a European Parliament president who died in 2017. The word "Juden" was painted on the window of a bagel restaurant in Paris, and two trees planted at a memorial honouring a young Jewish man tortured to death in 2006 were vandalized, one cut down.
Friday , two youths were arrested after they allegedly fired shots at a synagogue with an air rifle in the Paris suburb of Sarcelles, where a large Jewish community lives. Sarcelles mayor Patrick Haddad told BFMTV on Tuesday that prosecutors believe the motive was anti-Semitism.
According to sociologist Danny Trom, author of "France Without Jews," thousands of Jewish people leave France every year because of anti-Semitism.
"This is a low-intensity war, perhaps, but let's not forget the murder of children killed at close range by Mohamed Merah in a school,"
Trom told French magazine Telerama, referring to the 2012 slayings of three children and a teacher from a Jewish school by an Islamic extremist in the southwestern city of Toulouse.
In West Europe since the dawn of time there have been Jews. In the previous century they had a terrible time, but one would have thought after that period everyone would want that human scandal to remain covered for good. Though the last few years it seems there are again seeds of weed sawn. Now, the pressure is such that several Jews are led to consider their country inhospitable.
In a tweet last week, Olivier Faure, first secretary of the Socialist Party, first called on people to gather in Paris for a protest on Tuesday. The event was later organised with the endorsement of more than 50 political parties, unions and associations.
No official number has been reported, but similar demonstrations were reported in 60 cities including Marseille, Bordeaux and Nantes.
Thousands of people rallied across what should be "the Land of equality" (France) after a surge of anti-Semitic attacks in recent weeks that culminated on Tuesday with vandals daubing swastikas and anti-Jewish slogans on dozens of graves in a Jewish cemetery.
Political leaders from all parties, including former Presidents Francois Hollande and Nicolas Sarkozy, gathered in Paris filling the Place de la Republique, a symbol of the nation, to decry anti-Semitic acts with one common slogan:
"ça Suffit" = "It is Enough!"
The French have enough of racist acts and of discrimination and hate for others
French President Emmanuel Macron, after he had visited the vandalized Jewish cemetery in Quatzenheim, a small town in the northeastern Alsace region, said he felt shame at the sight of the defaced grave markers. He clearly was very much impressed and the grieve and disgust for what had happened was on his face. Macron observed several moments of silence in front of the vandalized graves while local Jewish community representatives stood by.
"We will take action,"
he promised.
Afterwards he went to the Shoah Memorial, a Holocaust museum in Paris, to observe a moment of silence with parliament leaders, and said
"Every time a French person, because he or she is Jewish, is insulted, threatened — or worse, injured or killed — the whole Republic" is attacked."
*https://www.bbc.com/news/av/embed/p071cd8v/47300117*
Filed under Activism and Peace Work, Crimes & Atrocities, Headlines - News, Political affairs, Religious affairs, Social affairs, World affairs
Tagged as Anti-Semitism, Danny Trom, François Hollande, France, Jewish community, Nicolas Sarkozy, Olivier Faure, Paris, Patrick Haddad, Place de la Republique, Quatzenheim, Sarcelles, Shoah Memorial, Simone Veil, Toulouse
by jeshuaist | 2018/02/20 · 3:26 pm
Jews In France Ponder Whether To Stay Or To Leave
"French-Jewish families are being forced from their homes in Paris suburbs as Europe continues to be convulsed by levels of anti-Semitism not seen since the end of the Second World War.
Rue Gabriel Péri, a pedestrian zone in Saint-Denis, in 2012.
The Paris commuter newspaper 20 Minutes documents an "internal exodus" during 2017 of Jews from the Seine-Saint-Denis department, saying
"it is emblematic of broader concerns that French Jews, like their brothers and sisters across Europe, are finding it increasingly difficult to reconcile their faith with the changing demographics of the continent."
Who would ever have thought that after the lessons of World War 2 we'd see this sort of thing in Europe again. Well, we are, and we may not do if our node bleeds, or turn our heads when a car drives over the pavement to hit Jewish pedestrians, or have our ears shut when people shout
"Dirty Jews, You're going to die!"
The third largest Jewish community in the world has seen growing anti-Semitism in France since the 2000s. Increasingly, the Jewish community in France no longer feels safe. The most salient events were the murder of Ilan Halimi in 2006, the attack on a Jewish school in Toulouse in 2012 and the attack on the Hypercasher in Paris in 2015. These three events alone accounted for the murder of nine Jews, including three children who were murdered at close range.
In 2014, there were 851 antisemitic acts of violence in France as recorded by the Protection Service of the Jewish Community. Indeed, some Jews in their private lives in France have given up wearing their kippa or the Star of David for fear of insults or aggression. This video from 2015 shows the kind of intimidation a Jew can face depending on what part of Paris they walk through.
The Aliyah In Israel
The growing antagonism towards them has led some French Jews to make the drastic decision to leave the country.
For several decades now, Jews in France have been leaving for Israel. The attacks of 2015 doubled the figure of departures, which is now about 6,000 to 7,000 per year. Following the 2015 attacks, Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu traveled to Paris, and while there did not miss the opportunity to mention that Israel was open to French Jews. The president of the Jewish Agency for Israel went further, stating that there was "no future for Jews in France."
Preceding articles
Dr. Miller looking at Jews in France
Apocalyptic Extremism: No Longer a Laughing Matter
Anti-Semitic pressure driving Jews out of Europe
Growing anti-Semitism possible sign of certain times
What to do in the Face of Global Anti-semitism
Geen groeiende moslimhaat in Europa, maar groeiende jodenhaat
Further related
The Rise of Anti-Seminism
If you're going to be a hater, make sure you've done your homework.
French Jews will have to give up Israeli citizenship, says Le Pen
French Jews imagine life under Marine Le Pen
Israel's New Cultural War of Aggression
Redefining Anti-Semitism – An Effort To Silence Criticism Of israel
Filed under Being and Feeling, Headlines - News, History, Lifestyle, Political affairs, Religious affairs, Social affairs, Welfare matters, World affairs
Tagged as 2006, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2017, Aliyah (act of moving to Israel), Anti-Semitism, Benyamin Netanyahu, France, French Jews, Intimidation, Jewish community, Paris suburbs, Seine-Saint-Denis department, Toulouse, Wearing a kippa, Wearing a Star of David
Vandaag kijken wij naar een artikel van politicoloog, schrijver Freek van Beetz van het in 2015 opgerichte onafhankelijk opiniemagazine Opinie Z, "met confronterende, goed leesbare, niet politiek-correcte artikelen over politiek en maatschappij".
Bewustzijnde dat ook in onze regionen de censuur ook toe neemt en het ons niet kan ontgaan dat migratie-kritische berichten, foto's, video's steeds vaker worden geweerd op Twitter, Facebook, YouTube … komt het er op aan dat wij bepaalde stemmen toch nog kansen geven om zich volledig te uiten en dat wij zelf onze stem niet verstillen of te bang worden ons gezicht te laten zien of om waarheden en feiten naar boven te brengen in het daglicht.
Weze het grote steden als Paris, Brussel, Antwerpen, Rotterdam of Amsterdam, overal beginnen sinds enkele jaren Joden zich minder op hun gemak te voelen en heerst er een dreiging van ongewenstheid. Die uiting van verwensing komt echter niet enkel van moslims maar veeleer van extreem rechtse groepen die in Frankrijk en de Benelux aan populariteit winnen door hun populistische visies.
Lange tijd wilden inzaten van die drie landen niet inzien dat er bepaalde bevolkingsgroepen uit hun eigen regionen verwenst werden of in de verdrukking kwamen.
Terwijl de media alsmaar de aandacht op een bepaalde terreurgroep wilden vestigen, brachten zij een vloek over de moslimgemeenschappen die wel vredelievend waren, maar deden ook het licht uit over de gebeurtenissen die een herhaling blijken te worden van wat er zich voordeed in de jaren 30 en 40 van vorige eeuw.
De politie heeft haar handen vol om zich zichtbaar op te stellen, maar intussen hebben zij het blijkbaar te druk met iftar, hoofddoekjes en offerfeestjes, om bepaalde haat uitingen tegenover inwoners van haar steden en gemeenten voor ernstig te nemen of om op te treden bij gevallen waarbij de eerbaarheid van de mens, zij het een kind, vrouw of man wordt geschonden.
De rozemutsenbrigade vindt het niet belangrijk. Te druk met woordjes als identity politics, mansplaining, manspreading in plaats van daadwerkelijke veiligheid. Het COA is te druk met het rondpompen van probleemmigranten. De rechterlijke macht is druk aan het navelstaren. Politici zijn druk aan het formeren. {Wordt het niet optreden tegen aanranding de norm?}
Politici en media zijn bang geworden om bepaalde dingen bij hun ware naam te noemen.
Zo komen we in Nederland anno 2017 in de situatie terecht dat een Hamas-conferentie geen Hamas-conferentie genoemd mag worden, ondanks overduidelijke banden en bevestiging daarvan door de Duitse inlichtingendiensten het verband blijven ontkennen. Hiermee geven zij een terreurorganisatie de ruimte om zichzelf in Nederland te profileren. Ten koste van de Joodse gemeenschap, want die heeft hier alles bij te vrezen. Dodelijk geweld tegen joodse burgers in Europa is de afgelopen jaren afkomstig uit één hoek: die van islamitische extremisten.
Na gruwelijke aanslagen op joodse kleuters en een leraar in Toulouse volgde de aanslag in het Joodse museum in Brussel en een jaar later op een joodse supermarkt in Parijs. Vervolgens wordt er bij elke anti-Israël demonstratie hardop in het Arabisch geschreeuwd dat Joden eenzelfde lot wacht als de joodse stammen die door de profeet werden uitgeroeid. En iedereen staat erbij en kijkt ernaar. {De politiek-correcte Fabeltjeskrant over de Hamas-conferentie}
Tanya Hoogwerf van het Nederlandse opinie blad is bewust dat lezers zo veilig in de bubbel blijven:
rechts is fout en potentieel gevaarlijk en links danwel islamitisch is goed en vredelievend. {De politiek-correcte Fabeltjeskrant over de Hamas-conferentie}
Jan Gajentaan schrijft dan weer dat het benoemen van islamitisch antisemitisme – dat net als christelijk antisemitisme eeuwenoud is – nog steeds not done is in policor Europa.
De leidende gedachte van veel politiek-correcte geesten is nog steeds dat wij, "witte mensen", de erfzonde dragen van kolonialisme en Holocaust. De enige manier om ons daarvan te bevrijden is Europa openstellen voor miljoenen islamitische migranten. Wie op de keerzijde daarvan probeert te duiden wordt uitgemaakt voor neonazi, of op zijn best iemand die de neonazi's dienstig is. {De blindheid voor Arabisch antisemitisme}
Volgens Yves Mamou zijn de Joden in Frankrijk al jarenlang slachtoffer van moslimterreur. In het artikel van vandaag nemen wij niet enkel de meest recente voorbeelden van maart 2012 en mei en juli 2014 of oproepen tot
"Dood aan de joden"
welke te horen zijn in Brussel, Parijs en Kopenhagen waar Joden slachtoffer werden van moslim-fundamentalistisch geweld in Europa, anno 2016. Vraag is wanneer zekere islamietische jogeren roepen
'Smerige joden, we hebben onze kalasjnikovs'
deze niet hardhandiger worden aangepakt of er niet meer wordt op gewezen dat dit een ontoelaatbare discriminatie is.
Op de ARD kon men de documentaire,gemaakt in opdracht van de Frans-Duitse zender Arte, Auserwählt und ausgesetzt – der Hass auf Juden in Europa zien waaruit duidelijk blijkt hoe antisemitisme in Europa in opmars is.
Wanneer zullen dromen en roze olifanten zichtbaar worden voor de uilen die niet zienen willen?
Verder aanverwant
Europa's medelevende haat tegen Israël
Over de 'normaliteit' van antisemitisme in Europa
Religiocide
U heeft niets te vrezen?
Het multiculturele ideaal bestaat toch!
Amsterdam huilt….
De Haat Tegen De Joden
Geen media-ophef over antisemitische 'bruggenbouwers'
Al-Haddad in Utrecht: zijn meest controversiële uitspraken
Moslimterrorist wil ongelovige neersteken en maakt dan kennis met zijn 'geheime wapen'
Linda Sarsour: NYC's queen of hate
De Joden en het nazisme van de 21e eeuw
Imam in Dänemark ruft zum Mord an Juden auf
The UN's Obsession against Israel
Kerken van Mill, Grave en Gassel beklad met hakenkruizen en satansster
Islamic State calls on Scottish Muslims to target businesses owned by Jews
Studie: Judenhaß unter moslemischen Schülern weitverbreitet
De eenzaamheid van Kuzu
Audioversie Bidstond Waddinxveen 8febr.2017
Attack on Israeli Embassy in Jordan
Bondi synagogue ban over terrorism risk leaves Jewish community shocked and furious
'Europe is lost': Barcelona's chief rabbi urges Jews to move to Israel
Vehicle attacks what to do if targeted in pedestrianized environments
MIND organization against internet discrimination.2016 rapport
Facebook like a Facistbook
Hamas in Rotterdam
Israel-ready-for-annual-training-cyber-attack
OpinieZ
"Ook buiten het VK groeit de moslimhaat. Islamofobie in Europa", kopte de NRC vrijdag 23 juni. Ik moest even met de ogen knipperen. Heb ik iets gemist? Bij nadere lezing werd de alarmerende boodschap behoorlijk gerelativeerd en eigenlijk nauwelijks onderbouwd, maar het beeld dat de krant ons wilde opdringen was duidelijk: de moslims in Europa verkeren in groot gevaar.
Titelfoto: Screenshot door redactie OpinieZ van video ABS-CBN News
Ik geloof daar niets van, maar het is een beeld dat de media ons al jaren proberen voor te spiegelen: al die aanslagen door moslimextremisten, ach, een beetje vervelend, vooral voor de slachtoffers en hun nabestaanden, maar in het verkeer en thuis vallen veel meer doden (keukentrapje!) en de meeste moslims zijn vreedzame burgers.
Wegredeneren
Waar komt die onbedwingbare behoefte tot wegredeneren vandaan? Laat er geen twijfel over bestaan: de aanslag op moskeegangers in Londen is net zo goed…
Filed under Activisme & Vredeswerk, Misdaden & Wreedheden, Nederlandse teksten - Dutch writings, Nieuwsgebeurtenissen - Journaal, Politieke aangelegenheden, Re-Blogs and Great Blogs, Religieuze aangelegenheden, Sociale Aangelegenheden, Wereld aangelegenheden
Tagged as 2016, 2017, Aanslagen Brussel, Amsterdam, Anti-Israël demonstraties, Antisemitisme, Antwerpen, Auserwählt und ausgesetzt – der Hass auf Juden in Europa, Benelux, Brussel, Censuur, Extreem rechtse groepen, Freek van Beetz, Hamas-conferentie, Islamitisch antisemitisme, Islamitische extremisten, Islamitische migranten, Jan Gajentaan, Jihadistische aanslagen, Jodenhaat, Joodse gemeenschap, Menselijke waarheden of feiten, Moslimgemeenschap, Moslims, Nederland, Opinie Z (magazine), Paris, Politie, Politiek, Populisme, Rotterdam, Tanya Hoogwerf, Terreuraanslagen, Terreurgroepen, Toulouse, Veiligheid
It can not go unnoticed, since a decade lots of Jews feel the pressure of the growing anti-Semitism and an aversion against the Divine Creator. Some even feel like it is again as in the 1930ies and the fear is great that Jews could be experiencing the most difficult situation they have encountered since the end of World War II.
Francis Kalifat, Président du Cirf
The Conseil Représentatif des Institutions Juives de France is fully aware of the bad situation and the 11th president of it looks at the present situation with Argus eyes. For him the Western world may not neglect the reason why we can see such a record emigration by Jews from France.
For him the year that lies before us is one full of challenges.
I hear pre-conceived ideas and dogma along with populist statements from some, and totalitarian reactions from more radical minds.
he says, looking at our society which is suffering and facing a climate of mistrust. Many French people are afraid or angry and democracy is on the back foot. According to an IPSOS survey taken in November last year, 32% of French people think that other political regimes would be equally effective. They long for a world of times gone by, looking for scapegoats and sweeping changes. This want to find a guilty one we can find back at several occasions in the past and today in many countries all over the world where the far right is gaining popularity.
Racist and anti-Semitic comments creep up out of the sewers, meeting an indifferent response or emerge from the online echo chamber of Facebook friends. And where there are disgraceful comments, there is always someone ready to laugh, offer approval or justification.
remarked Francis Kalifat, the Crif President at a speech at the annual Crif's dinner 2017, where he said
When I take a step back, I am struck by a profound realisation: those in France who have a problem with Jews and Israel almost always have a problem with democracy, the rule of law and individual liberties. And vice-versa.
Ilan Halimi (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Following the murder of Ilan Halimi in 2006 and the massacre at the Ozar Ha Torah school in Toulouse in 2012, anti-Jewish hatred once again reared its ugly head in France on 9th January 2015 and thus reinforced the feeling of solitude and abandonment that had started to engulf the Jewish community.
Partly because of anti-Semitic violence that included hundreds of anti-Semitic incidents annually in recent years, and dozens of physical assaults, lots of Jewish brethren ans sisters found it wiser to look for other pastures.
Since 2012, attacks on Jewish targets by French Islamists in France and Belgium claimed the lives of 12 people. Last year, roughly 8,000 French Jews left for Israel — the highest number on record for any year, which made France for the second year straight Israel's largest provider of newcomers.
We heard already of certain quarters which got French names, because so many French people came to settle over there. According to figures seen by AFP in total, 40,000 French Jews have emigrated between 2006 and the end of 2016.
"The aliyah (the act of moving to Israel) of French Jews has been significant over the last decade,"
said Daniel Benhaim, who heads the Israeli-backed group in France, and agreed that insecurity had been a "catalyst" for many Jews who were already thinking of leaving.
The French Jewish community is the biggest in Europe and is thought to number around 500,000 people. In the 1970ies there where also a lot of Jews in Antwerp, but their number has decreased a lot.
The Jewish Museum of Belgium, between the Sablon in central Brussels and Brussels South, pictured in 2009
The Jewish communities form the Benelux and France were shocked in 2006 by the kidnapping and brutal anti-Semitic killing of a young Jewish man, Ilan Halimi, in the Paris suburbs, which was followed by a shooting in a Jewish school in the southwest city of Toulouse in 2012.
Two years later on 24 May 2014, in Brussels a gunman opened fire at the Jewish Museum of Belgium, killing four people. Three died at the scene; a fourth was taken to the hospital and died on 6 June. The attack is being investigated as terrorism by Belgian authorities. Several more threats followed on Belgian as well as on French Jewish sites, often coming from people having links with radical Islamists. By those terrorists many youngster felt called to do horrible things, not even afraid to carry loads of bombs from one place to another. Home made bombs but also professional weapons switched hands easily, to bring fear and terror in name of Allah.
It also did not help that the problems of the settlers in Israel and the relationship between Israeli and Palestinian governement did not progress in the good direction. The anti-Israel resolution of the UN being considered by Israel as a "no" to the possibility of peace. Israel having the impression the UN gave a sign to continue on the path of terrorism and incitement.
Since the attacks of November 2015 the West of the European continent came to realise that it is the whole of our society has come under attack. It is not just any more about Jews, Israel, Christendom, Belgium or France but the citizens their culture, freedom, way of life and world view.
All French people are now aware that they are at threat and we are slowly but surely regaining our position on the national stage. We have always been vigilant and concerned and now we continue to be so. We remain alert and know that we are still the preferred target of Islamist totalitarianism. Today, we are no longer indifferent targets.
said Francis Kalifat.
Some now may have come to think it is more a battle against Islam. they should know fighting against Islam is as wrong as fighting against Judaism or Christianity. the world has to see it are just a few extremists who make life difficult for a whole group of people. Because the Brussels attacks of March 22, 2016 and later the Marseille and Nice attacks the governments focused Islamic terrorists and people where more afraid of such further terrorist acts. This made that 2016 saw a net drop in anti-Semitic acts and threats: a 58% reduction compared with 2015, though anti-Islamic acts also dropped by the same amount.
Kalifat warned that nevertheless, anti-Semitism remains at a historic high. Jewish people, who represent under 1% of the population, remained a focal point of over 30% of all reported racist acts committed in France throughout 2016, being subject to 335 anti-Semitic acts and threats.
The tell-tale signs of anti-Semitism never seem to be far away.
Probably less Jews where victims of harassment because the Jewish quarters had everywhere soldiers patrolling. The increased police patrols also made lost of place less vulnerable, which can also be seen in the lesser amount of robberies.
Leaders of French Jewry may have expressed both relief over the defeat of the far-right candidate Marine Le Pen in the presidential elections and concern over her receiving more than a third of the vote, they may not forget that those 11 million voters for the extreme right party can perhaps be only part of the many right wingers who would love all Jews and Muslims out of their 'Catholic' country.
Joel Mergui, the president of the Consistoire, was very fast to react on Sunday evening in a statement by his group, which is responsible for providing religious services to Jews to say he was happy with the result of Emmanuel Macron being elected president,
"which constitutes a veritable relief for all our nation and for the Jewish community of France".
Chief Rabbi Haim Korsia, who is employed by the Consistoire, also spoke of his satisfaction from the vote. But in his statement, Korsia also referenced concerns over the support shown to Le Pen and those who would like to ban wearing Jewish and Muslim religious symbols in public, ritual slaughter and the provision of pork-free meals in school cafeterias, like they also have done in Belgium.
The ban for the religious symbols in the Belgian state schools is idiotic, because state-schools should just show they are free of any religious bias and that they are open to all sorts of religion. That ban is already some years in use by several Belgian schools and recently some complaints where made that elderly homes and prisons still provided pork-free meals. at first there was only a ban on ritual slaughter in private homes by ordinary citizens, but from 2017 onward there shall be a total ban of ritual slaughter in Belgium, which shall make it very difficult for religious Jews, Muslims and certain Christians to have kosher or halal meat from the own country. As long as importation would not be a problem, work of it can made that way, but it will also undermine the countries own economy.
Kalifat, who has lobbied intensively in favour of Macron in recent days, wrote optimistically on Twitter that everything starts now.
And that is what we can hope for … that a new start is made to bring non-Jews to come to understand why certain regulations are so important for the Jewish community, who want to put God's mitzvot above the laws of man.
Also it is getting time that non-Jews come to see that there is a difference between secular (or apikorsim) – political Jews and religious Jews, who want to live according to the Law of God.
We only can hope that the new French president shall make work to bring Europeans of all sorts of religions together to live in peace and that he with the European Unions also shall try to get both parties Israel to come to negotiate directly in order to reach a point where they can live side by side in peace and security. All parties involved should recognise that as well as for Jews, Christians and Muslims, all having their faith build on the same root, our patriarch Abraham, that for all of them Jerusalem is a holy place. Real lovers of God, be them Jews, Christians or Muslims do know that Jerusalem in the end shall become the capital of the world. Therefore the lovers of God should also stimulate their politicians to get the political groups around the table to find a good solution for reconciliation and lasting peace.
I would love to see that all shall be able to come to believe that big picture Mr Kalifar wished to reiterate
that Israel is a democracy, a State respecting the rule of law and a country of freedoms. It is a democracy which has held 5 general elections since 2003 and now counts 13 Arab members among a total of 120 in the Knesset. This State, which respects the rule of law, is also home to a Supreme Court and judges whose independence is renowned and rulings are just. It is a country where all are free to practice or change religion, or indeed not to follow one at all. It is a country where Jews, Christians and Muslims are afforded access to their holy sites within the ancient city of Jerusalem. June 2017 will see the 50th anniversary of that freedom. Previously, and for centuries, Jews could do no more than dream of and pray for as much.
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Filed under Crimes & Atrocities, History, Political affairs, Religious affairs, World affairs
Tagged as 2006, 2012, 2015, 2016, Aliyah (act of moving to Israel), Anti-Semitic comments, Anti-Semitism, Antwerp, Apikorsim (secular Jews), Benelux, Brussels, Brussels attacks, Christianity, Conseil Représentatif des Institutions Juives de France (Crif), Daniel Benhaim, Emigration, European anti-Semitism, France, France's Jews, Francis Kalifat, French citizens, French Islamists, French people, Haim Korsia, Islam, Islamic terrorists, Islamist totalitarianism, Israel, Jewish community, Jews, Joel Mergui, Judaism, Marseille, Nice, Non-Jews, Ozar Ha Torah school (Toulouse), Political Jews, Racism, Racist acts, Racists, Scapegoats, Secular Jews, Terrorism, Terrorist acts, Toulouse, United Nations (UN), West Europe
by Guestspeaker | 2017/05/09 · 2:41 pm
About the Author Dr. Yvette Alt Miller
Yvette Alt Miller earned her B.A. at Harvard University. She completed a Postgraduate Diploma in Jewish Studies at Oxford University, and has a Ph.D. In International Relations from the London School of Economics. She lives with her family in Chicago, and has lectured internationally on Jewish topics. Her book Angels at the table: a Practical Guide to Celebrating Shabbat takes readers through the rituals of Shabbat and more, explaining the full beautiful spectrum of Jewish traditions with warmth and humor. It has been praised as "life-changing", a modern classic, and used in classes and discussion groups around the world.
Jews and France: 11 Interesting Facts
As France headed to the polls, Dr. Miller presented some fascinating points about Jews and France through the ages on Aish.com
As France went to the polls in the first round of its presidential election, France's 500,000-strong Jewish community was in the spotlight: two front-runners, Marine Le Pen and Jean Luc Melenchon, having been accused of making high-profile anti-Semitic comments.
Long before France's unpredictable election, Jews have been making history in France. Here are 11 interesting facts about Jews and France through the ages.
Greatest Jewish Scholar
Rashi, acronym of Rabbi Shlomo Yitzḥaqi (born 1040, Troyes, Champagne—died July 13, 1105, Troyes), renowned medieval French commentator on the Bible and the Talmud (the authoritative Jewish compendium of law, lore, and commentary).
A modern translation of Rashi's commentary on the Chumash, published by Artscroll
Rashi, as the great Medieval Rabbi Shlomo Yitzhaki is known, is the most widely consulted Jewish rabbi of all time. His commentaries on the Bible and Talmud are considered crucial to understanding these Jewish texts. Rashi's explanations help us understand the Torah and at times, a knowledge of French can help us understand Rashi.
Monument in memory of Rashi in Troyes, France
That's because this greatest of Jewish scholars had humble beginnings. Rashi lived in the northern French town of Troyes from 1040 to 1105. Out of a total population of 10,000, Troyes was also home to about 100 Jewish families. Jews travelled from far and wide to consult Rashi. Many of these visiting Jews lodged with nearby Christian families.
Troyes centre ville – capital of the department of Aube in north-central France
In some respects, Rashi was very French. He earned his living as a vintner (wine maker), and incorporated some French words in his commentaries. A typical example comes in Rashi's discussion of the Torah's description of the beautiful golden Ark that our ancestors were commanded to build, which stood in the Temple in Jerusalem. Its gold ornaments were joined together, or soulderix (soldered in Old French), Rashi explained (Rashi on Ex. 24:18).
Rashi's sons-in-law and grandsons – who continued to live in northern France – became rabbis of nearly his towering stature, penning additional commentaries on the Torah and leading European Jewry. Their scholarship continues to define Jewish life to this day.
Talmud on Trial
In the year 1239, Paris was witness to a very strange trial; the Talmud was accused of insulting Christianity.
The Talmud was defended by the Chief Rabbi of Paris, Rabbi Yechiel ben Joseph, though there were restrictions on what Rabbi Yechiel could say. Leading the charge against the Talmud was Nicholas Donin, a Jewish convert to Christianity who seemingly harbored an intense hatred of his fellow Jews or, possibly, a desire to impress his new Christian co-religionists. He was encouraged to make fun of the Talmud, quoting its text out of context and distorting its meaning. Presiding over the trial was none other than the Queen Mother of France, Blanche of Castille, and several Archbishops.
After hearing the "evidence", the Talmud was found guilty and condemned as "dangerous to Christianity". Volumes of the Talmud were confiscated. In 1242, 24 cartloads of hand-written tractates of the Talmud, representing countless thousands of hours of work, were brought to a public square in central Paris and burned.
Medieval Crusades
In 1095, Pope Urban II called for a holy Crusade to conquer Jerusalem and wrest it from Muslim rule. (The temptation to launch a crusade might have been closer to home. Historians note that the harvest of 1095 was particularly bad in northern Europe; calling for a crusade was a way to distract the population and encourage them to plunder wealth in other lands.)
100,000 men signed up for the Crusade. (The term "crusade" refers to the French word for the crosses they sewed on their clothes.) Soon, their attention turned from conquering Jerusalem to attacking Jewish communities along their path. In three waves, spanning a hundred years, over ten thousand Jews were murdered in Europe and Israel. Frenzied demonization of and violence against Jews became a hallmark of the Crusader period.
France's Jews were periodically expelled during this intense period of Jew-hatred, as well. In 1182, and again regularly in the 13th Century, Jews were forced to leave French cities, only to be let in again a few years later. In 1306, a more organized expulsion was decreed by France's King Philip. Short of money after war with Flanders, King Philip decided to force French Jews to flee, and compound their property.
The decree was handed down on July 21, 1306, which was Tisha B'Av, the Jewish day of mourning on which we mourn the destruction of both the First and Second Temples in Jerusalem, as well as other calamitous events in Jewish history. The following day, July 22, 1306, 100,000 Jews were arrested. France's Jews were ordered to leave the country within one month or face death. French Jews were allowed to leave only 12 sous (cents) apiece. Their property was confiscated, auctioned off, and all proceeds reverted to the French crown.
(King Philip's decree was reversed by his son King Louis, but Jews continued to be banned from France and were ordered to leave in 1322 and 1394 again, before returning slowly over the subsequent years.)
French Chocolate's Jewish Origins
Following the expulsion of Jews from Spain in 1492, and the introduction of the Inquisition into Portugal in 1536, some Jews fled to the French town of Bayonne, near the Spanish-French border. There, they used their contacts with Jewish traders in the New World to import materials and know-how to process cocoa, a New World product which was just starting to take Europe by storm.
Dark Chocolate with Espelette pepper.
Bayonne Jews adapted cocoa recipes to European tastes, creating sweet versions of chocolate and using additives like milk, butter and nuts. Jews built the Bayonne area into a chocolate center, but their very success undid them: once local Christians learned how to make chocolates too, they petitioned local authorities to ban Jews from the chocolate industry.
Jews were only permitted to resume making chocolate in 1767 when a court annulled the decree. In 2013, the town of Bayonne formally recognized the contribution of Jews to the region's famed chocolates. "Since we are the inheritors of the Jews' savoir faire", explained Jean-Michel Barate, head of Bayonne's Chocolate Academy, "it was our duty to thank them…." and to right the historical wrong of overlooking the fact that it was Jewish refugees who created sweet chocolate confections as we know them today.
Palais des Papes – Avignon in south-eastern France in the department of Vaucluse on the left bank of the Rhône river
Although Jews were banned from France for many years after the 14th Century, by the 1700s about 40,000 Jews lived in France, particularly in Bordeaux and Avignon, which never formally expelled their Jewish inhabitants.
These 40,000 Jews became the first Jews in European history to gain full and equal rights with the French Revolution. The decision wasn't easy: France's new rulers deliberated for over two years about whether they should extend their new regime's ideal of "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" to Jews. When they did, in 1791, it was seemingly with some regret: "The Jews" explained a leading revolutionary, "conscious of the error of their ways, have felt the need for a fatherland; we have offered them ours."
Napoleon's "Sanhedrin"
The Emperor Napoleon styled himself "defender" of the Jews, noting that he had (unsuccessfully) tried to conquer the Land of Israel for France. Back home, even though Jews were nominally recognized as citizens, Napoleon harbored much of the intense anti-Jewish prejudice that was typical in France at the time.
Seeking to assure himself that Jews were indeed "Frenchmen", Napoleon decided to invite Jews from throughout France to participate in what Napoleon called, with much pomp, a "National Assembly of Notables". Napoleon deliberately scheduled the Assembly for a Saturday; the "notables" he invited turned up despite the assembly's scheduling on Shabbat, and voted yes or no to a series of questions Napoleon had devised to ascertain whether Jews could indeed be French. The "notables" were asked whether Jews could engage in manual labor, whether they could marry Christian women, whether Jews would help defend France, etc.
Cover page to siddur used at the Grand Sanhedrin of Napoleon, 1807.
Not satisfied with his Assembly, Napoleon sent word to the governors of France to elect Jewish representatives to a new group, which Napoleon grandly named the Sanhedrin, the ancient Jewish court that governed Jewish conduct for hundreds of years. Like the Sanhedrin of old, this new "Sanhedrin" contained 71 members, was governed by a leader (picked by Napoleon) whom he gave the traditional Hebrew title Nasi, or "prince", and was meant to issue new decrees for the Jewish people.
Napoleon's "Sanhedrin" met in Paris with great pomp, and the puppets making up this group did indeed go along with many of Napoleon's requested declarations. They declared that Jews serving in the French army were free of Jewish mitzvot, or commandments, and (echoing long-held prejudice against Jews, who'd long been forced into the money-lending business by European rulers) declared money-lending illegal for Jews. Even the stooges on Napoleon's "Sanhedrin" drew the line at some of the Emperor's requests, refusing to countenance mixed marriages, for instance.
Despite the assurances of this "Sanhedrin", Napoleon went on to issue a host of infamous Jewish decrees, restricting Jewish rights to live in certain parts of France, suspending repayment of debts to Jews for ten years, and limiting Jews' rights to go into some areas of business.
Official Names
Another legacy of Napoleon's rule was an official list of approved names that could be given to babies born in France. Most of these were Christian saints' names, though a number of Jewish names were included on the list, as well.
The list was abolished in 1993, though even in recent years French authorities have banned some names. In 2016, for instance, a French judge ruled against two parents who wanted to name their newborn Mohamed Merah, after the terrorist who murdered a rabbi and three children outside of a Jewish school in the French city of Toulouse in 2012.
The Dreyfus Affair
Jews were ostensibly equal French citizens, but the dramatic 1894 trial of Captain Alfred Dreyfus exposed deep anti-Jewish hatred in France. After being arrested on manufactured charges of spying for Germany (Dreyfus was later exonerated; the real culprit had fled to England and some of Dreyfus' fellow soldiers forged evidence against him), Dreyfus was publicly humiliated and sent to prison, while a mob of French men and women shouted "Death to Jews!"
Throughout Dreyfus' trial, French Catholic authorities continued to stir up Jew-hatred. The intense bitterness made many in France conclude there was little future for Jews in France. Emile Zola, the non-Jewish great French author, wrote in 1896 "For some years I have been following with increasing surprise and disgust the campaign which some people are trying to carry on in France against the Jews. This seems to me monstrous…." Two years later, Zola wrote his famous open letter, beginning with J'accuse, or "I accuse", directed against French President France Felix Faure, complaining about irregularities in Dreyfus' trial. Zola was prosecuted and found guilty of libel and fled to England for a year to avoid imprisonment.
Another observer came to a similar conclusion during Dreyfus' trial, realizing that Jews faced an uncertain future in France. Theodore Herzl was a young reporter for the Viennese newspaper the Neue Freie Presse, and he covered Dreyfus' trial in Paris. He later wrote that the chants of "Death to Jews" shook him to the core, and helped him realize that only a Jewish state could provide security and safety for the world's Jews. In 1897, Herzl organized a Zionist Congress in Zurich, where he called for the reestablishment of a Jewish country.
France and the Holocaust
With World War II looming, France became a destination for desperate Jewish refugees fleeing Germany and Eastern Europe. From a Jewish population of about 80,000 in 1900, by 1939 France's Jewish population had swelled to 300,000 as Jews fled to France for safety.
Tragically, that safety proved illusory. After Germany invaded France, it divided the country into a northern, "occupied" zone, and a southern "free" zone which was allied with Nazi Germany. Both areas of France willingly participated in the deportation of Jews from France; in the nominally independent southern part of France, it was French policemen and authorities who helped implement Hitler's so-called "final solution to the Jewish 'problem'". Over 70,000 French Jews were sent to concentration camps; only about 2,500 survived.
After the War, France's devastated Jewish community was revived by an influx of Jews from former French colonies in North Africa. In the 1950s and 1960s nearly a quarter of a million Sephardi Jews moved to France from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia.
Resurgent Anti-Semitism
In recent years, tragically, the call "Death to Jews!" has once more rung out in the streets of Paris and elsewhere in France.
A string of horrific attacks has targeted Jews throughout France. In 2006, Ilan Halimi, a young Jewish man living in Paris, was lured into a trap by local Muslim hoodlums; he was tortured for a month in a public housing project in Paris before being murdered; it later emerged that his ordeal was an open secret in the neighborhood, but no one intervened. His mother later had Ilan buried in Israel, fearful, she explained, that if he was buried in France his grave would be desecrated by anti-Semites.
In 2012, in the central French city of Toulouse, a terrorist shot three children and a rabbi at point-blank range in front of a Jewish school. In 2014, a mob rampaging through the streets of Sarcelles, a Paris suburb, chanted "Death to Jews!", burned Jewish-owned businesses, and surrounded a synagogue, baying for the murder of those Jews inside. For hours, scores of Jewish families cowered inside, fearing for their lives, until police finally managed to disperse the mob late that night. In 2015, terrorists murdered four hostages in a kosher synagogue in Paris. In 2017, two Jewish brothers were forced off the road in a heavily Muslim neighborhood near Paris and attacked by passers by; one of the brothers' thumb was sawn off in the attack.
In fact, the number of anti-Jewish hate crimes is going up. In 2014, there were 423 reported hate crimes against Jews in France. In 2015, there were 851 reported anti-Jewish hate crimes.
In the face of rising hatred, more and more Jews are fleeing France. One 2016 poll found that fully 43% of French Jews are considering moving to the Jewish state. In 2014, a record-breaking 6,658 Jews moved to Israel from France. (By way of comparison, only 1,923 French Jews had moved to Israel in 2010, when the number of anti-Semitic crimes was lower.) In 2015, 7,469 French Jews moved to Israel.
France in Israel
Beach promenade of Netanya (Hebrew: נְתַנְיָה‎, lit., "gift of God"; Arabic: نتانيا‎‎) a city in the Northern Central District of Israel, and the capital of the surrounding Sharon plain.
As more French Jews move to the Jewish state, parts of Israel are gaining a distinctly French accent. In 2015, the Times of Israel noted that the Israeli seaside city of Netanya calls itself the "Israeli Riviera" and that in recent years, it has indeed come to resemble the famed French Riviera: "walking along its main pedestrian boulevard, one would be hard-pressed to tell it apart from its twin city of Nice" in France. French restaurants, French style – and French Jews – have given parts of Israel a very French feel.
One recent immigrant from France explained that the rising anti-Semitism in France sparked her family's desire to move to Israel: "Here we get the feeling that we can protect ourselves. There we have the impression that we are on our own and if, God forbid, something happens we will have to manage."
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Filed under Crimes & Atrocities, History, Political affairs, Religious affairs
Tagged as 1095, 1182, 11° Century, 1239, 1242, 12° Century, 1306, 13° Century, 1492, 14° Century, 1536, 1767, 1791, 1894, 18° Century, 1950s, 1960s, 2006, 2012, 2014, 2015, Alfred Dreyfus, anti-Jewish hate crimes, Anti-Semitic comments, Anti-Semitism, Avignon, Bayonne, Bayonne's Chocolate Academy, Book burning, Bordeaux, Crusade, Crusades, Deportation of Jews, Emile Zola, Félix François Faure, France, France's Jews, French citizens, Grand Sanhedrin or French Sanhedrin, Inquisition, Israeli Riviera, Jean Luc Melenchon, Jewish refugees, Jewish scholars, Jews, Marine Le Pen, Medieval Crusades, Name giving, Napoleon Bonaparte, Nazi Germany, Netanya or Natanya city, Nicholas Donin, Philip IV of France (Philippe le Bel), Portugal, Rashi or Shlomo Yitzhaki, Sarcelles, Sephardi Jews, Talmud, Theodore Herzl, Tisha B'Av (9 Av) day of mourning, Toulouse, Troyes, World War II, Yechiel ben Joseph of Paris or Vivus Meldensis (Jehiel of Paris or Sire Vives or Vives of Meaux), Yvette Alt Miller