Ionian mode
Ionian mode on C Play (help·info).
Ionian mode is the name assigned by Heinrich Glarean in 1547 to his new authentic mode on C (mode 11 in his numbering scheme), which uses the diatonic octave species from C to the C an octave higher, divided at G (as its dominant, reciting note or tenor) into a fourth species of perfect fifth (tone–tone–semitone–tone) plus a third species of perfect fourth (tone–tone–semitone): C D E F G + G A B C (Powers 2001a). This octave species is essentially the same as the major mode of tonal music (Jones 1974, 42).
Church music was previously explained by theorists as being organised in eight musical modes: the scales on D, E, F, and G in the "greater perfect system" of "musica recta" (Powers 2001b, §II: "Medieval Modal Theory"), each with their authentic and plagal counterparts.
Glarean's twelfth mode was the plagal version of the Ionian mode, called Hypoionian (under Ionian), based on the same relative scale, but with the major third as its tenor, and having a melodic range from a perfect fourth below the tonic, to a perfect fifth above it (Powers 2001c).
Jones, George Thaddeus. 1974. "Medieval Church Modes", in his Music Theory: The Fundamental Concepts of Tonal Music, Including Notation, Terminology, and Harmony, 42–43. Barnes & Noble Outline Series 137. New York, Hagerstown, San Francisco, London: Barnes & Noble Books; [[Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited. ISBN 0-06-460137-4 ISBN 0-06-467168-2 OCLC 834716
Powers, Harold S. 2001a. "Ionian". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, 29 vols., edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell, 12:[page needed]. London: Macmillan Publishers; New York: Grove's Dictionaries of Music. ISBN 978-1561592395
Powers, Harold S. 2001b. "Mode". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, 29 vols., edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell, 16:[page needed]. London: Macmillan Publishers; New York: Grove's Dictionaries of Music. ISBN 978-1561592395
Powers, Harold S. 2001c. "Hypoionian". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, 29 vols., edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell, 12:37–38. London: Macmillan Publishers; New York: Grove's Dictionaries of Music. ISBN 978-1561592395
Ionian mode for guitar at GOSK.com
Modes in Western music
Dorian · Phrygian · Lydian · Mixolydian
Plagal
Hypodorian · Hypophrygian · Hypolydian · Hypomixolydian
Ionian · Hypoionian · Aeolian · Hypoaeolian · Locrian · Hypolocrian
Diatonic
Ionian (I) · Dorian (II) · Phrygian (III) · Lydian (IV) · Mixolydian (V) · Aeolian (VI) · Locrian (VII)
Melodic minor (I) · Dorian ♭2 (II) · Lydian Augmented (III) · Lydian Dominant (IV) · Mixolydian ♭13 (V) · Locrian ♮2 (VI) · Altered (VII)
See also Properties of musical modes
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