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We didn't have global warming during the Industrial Revolution

This depth depends on (among other things) temperature and the amount of CO 2 dissolved in the ocean.

"A new storm and a new red spot on Jupiter hints at climate change, USA TODAY and dozens of other sources explained yesterday.

Rahmstorf and coauthors showed concern that sea levels are rising at the high range of the IPCC projections, and that this was due to thermal expansion and not from melting of the Greenland or Antarctic ice sheets.

When CO2 emissions are compared directly to CO2 levels, there is a strong correlation in the long term trends.

Seattle recorded its snowiest winter on record with 67.5 inches (171 cm) for the season at Sea-Tac Airport.

“With a record El Niño, we should have experienced record high temperatures.

[citation needed] The east coast had records various record low temperatures in southern states such as Georgia Alabama and Florida in the US.The eastern seaboard, had like the Western Seaboard also suffered one of the worst winters on record.

The Great Barrier Reef is experiencing the most widespread bleaching ever recorded

Many of the actions taken by humans that contribute to a heated environment stem from the burning of fossil fuel from a variety of sources, such as: electricity, cars, planes, space heating, manufacturing, or the destruction of forests.

“Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

A rapid collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet could raise sea level by 3.3 metres (11 ft).

As it happens, the writer of that October 2009 e-mail—Kevin Trenberth, a lead author of the warmist bible, the 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report—told Congress two years ago that evidence for manmade warming is "unequivocal.

He was a lead author of the 2001 and 2007 IPCC Scientific Assessment of Climate Change (see IPCC Fourth Assessment Report) and serves on the Scientific Steering Group for the Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) program.

Melting ice leads to more sunlight being absorbed by water, thus heating the Arctic.

The primary cause of this phenomenon is ice-albedo feedback, where by melting ice uncovers darker land or ocean beneath, which then absorbs more sunlight, causing more heating.

There have long been claims that some unspecificed "they" has "changed the name from 'global warming' to 'climate change'".

Members of the InterAcademy Panel recommended that by 2050, global anthropogenic CO 2 emissions be reduced less than 50% of the 1990 level.

"The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is a temperature pattern in the Pacific Ocean that spends roughly 20-30 years in the cool phase or the warm phase.

The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is a robust, recurring pattern of ocean-atmosphere climate variability centered over the mid-latitude Pacific basin.

The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

The Greenland Ice Sheet has experienced record melting in recent years since detailed records have been kept and is likely to contribute substantially to sea level rise as well as to possible changes in ocean circulation in the future if this is sustained.

Satellites measure Antarctica losing land ice at an accelerating rate.

All datasets generally show an acceleration of mass loss from the Antarctic ice-sheet, but with year-to-year variations.

CO2 changes are closely related to temperature.

The transient climate response (TCR) is the amount of temperature increase that might occur at the time when CO2 doubles, having increased gradually by 1% each year.

Murry Salby finds CO2 rise is natural.

Martian geysers (or CO 2 jets) are putative sites of small gas and dust eruptions that occur in the south polar region of Mars during the spring thaw.

Renewable energy investment kills jobs

Globally there are an estimated 7.7 million jobs associated with the renewable energy industries, with solar photovoltaics being the largest renewable employer.

Sea level rise is now increasing faster than predicted due to unexpectedly rapid ice melting.

Since the last glacial maximum about 20,000 years ago, the sea level has risen by more than 125 metres (410 ft), with rates varying from less than a mm/year to 40+ mm/year, as a result of melting ice sheets over Canada and Eurasia.

Brooks added that Antarctic ice is growing.

The glaciation was favored by an interval when the Earth's orbit favored cool summers but oxygen isotope ratio cycle marker changes were too large to be explained by Antarctic ice-sheet growth alone indicating an ice age of some size.

In fact, the global melt rate has been accelerating since the mid-1970s.

A 2018 systematic review study estimated that ice loss across the entire continent was 43 gigatons (Gt) per year on average during the period from 1992 to 2002, but has accelerated to an average of 220 Gt per year during the five years from 2012 to 2017.

For decades horticulturalists have pumped carbon dioxide into glasshouses to increase yields.

Higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations have led to an increase in dissolved CO2, which causes ocean acidification.

global warming ceased around the end of the twentieth century and was followed (since 1997) by 19 years of stable temperature.

The scientific consensus as of 2013[update], as stated in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, is that it "is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century".

The panel was forced to retract a statement in its 2007 report saying all Himalayan glaciers could melt entirely by 2035.

In 2007, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), in its Fourth Report, stated that the Himalayan glaciers which feed the river, were at risk of melting by 2035.

Global warming responsible for record 2019 July warmth in Alaska.

These forms of pollution have made the reef less resilient to climate change.

There have long been claims that some unspecificed "they" has "changed the name from 'global warming' to 'climate change'".

Lows at or below freezing can be expected 40 nights annually, but extended stretches with daily high temperatures below 40 °F (4 °C) are very rare, with a recent exception in January 2014.

IPCC human-caused global warming attribution confidence is unfounded.

It's yet another reason to be very seriously concerned about the amount of carbon dioxide that is in the atmosphere now and the additional amount we continue to put out."

warmer oceans have also begun to destabilize glaciers in Greenland and Antarctica

Arctic sea ice extent averaged for September 2012 was 3.61 million square kilometers (1.39 million square miles).

Glaciers are in rapid retreat worldwide, despite 1 error in 1 paragraph in a 3000 page IPCC report.

Glaciers have been retreating worldwide for at least the last century; the rate of retreat has increased in the past decade.

’Extremely remarkable’ 2017 heads toward record for hottest year without an El Niño episode.

2016's record meant that 16 of the 17 warmest years have occurred since 2000, 2017 being the third-hottest year on record meant that 17 of the last 18 warmest years have occurred since 2000.

For the past 4567 million years, the sun and the Earth’s orbit have driven climate change cycles.

Another impact that the warming global temperature has had is on the frequency and severity of heat waves.

Economic assessments of proposed policy to put a price on carbon emissions are in widespread agreement that the net economic impact will be minor.

Since the 1950s, droughts and heat waves have appeared simultaneously with increasing frequency.

In other words, we have, trapped in Arctic permafrost, twice as much carbon as is currently wrecking the atmosphere of the planet, all of it scheduled to be released at a date that keeps getting moved up, partially in the form of a gas that multiplies its warming power 86 times over.

Melting of this ice may release large quantities of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas into the atmosphere, causing further warming in a strong positive feedback cycle.

‘We don’t expect record years every year, but the ongoing long-term warming trend is clear.’”

Physical climate models are also unable to reproduce the rapid warming observed in recent decades when taking into account only variations in solar output and volcanic activity.

Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

Overall, higher temperatures bring more rain and snowfall, but for some regions droughts and wildfires increase instead.

Greenland has only lost a tiny fraction of its ice mass

Between then and 2010, the mountain lost 80 percent of its ice — two-thirds of which since another scientific expedition in the 1970s.

Volcanoes have been relatively frequent and if anything, have exerted a cooling effect.

Such volcanoes are able to severely cool global temperatures for many years after the eruption due to the huge volumes of sulfur and ash released into the atmosphere.

CO2 changes are closely related to temperature.

A related concept is the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions, which is the globally averaged surface temperature change per unit of CO 2 emitted.

Scientists are "questioning the original idea that man-made global warming is what is causing the climate to change. "

As climate change more rapidly progresses, temperature increases will affect the length of the growing season.

“Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

Continued carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel sources could cause additional tens of metres of sea level rise, over the next millennia, and the available fossil fuel on Earth is even enough to ultimately melt the entire Antarctic ice sheet, causing about 58 m (190 ft) of sea level rise.

IPCC human-caused global warming attribution confidence is unfounded.

The Greenland, and possibly the Antarctic, ice sheets have been losing mass recently, because losses by ablation including outlet glaciers exceed accumulation of snowfall.

Neptune's orbit is 164 years so observations (1950 to present day) span less than a third of a Neptunian year.

The average distance between Neptune and the Sun is 4.5 billion km (about 30.1 astronomical units (AU)), and it completes an orbit on average every 164.79 years, subject to a variability of around ±0.1 years.

This growth stimulation occurs because CO2 is one of the two raw materials (the other being water) that are required for photosynthesis.

Between 1993 and 2017, the global mean sea level rose on average by 3.1 ± 0.3 mm per year, with an acceleration detected as well.

CO2 emissions were much smaller 100 years ago.

Global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in 2010 were equivalent to 49 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (using the most recent global warming potentials over 100 years from the AR5 report).

Rather than 100 years of unprecedented global warming as predicted by IPCC, the global temperatures have leveled off and we seem to be heading for cooler weather."

Recent decades have witnessed several dramatic collapses of large ice shelves around the coast of Antarctica, especially along the Antarctic Peninsula.

more than 100 per cent of the warming over the past century is due to human actions.

The melting of the ice is making the Northwest Passage, the shipping routes through the northernmost latitudes, more navigable, raising the possibility that the Arctic region will become a prime trade route.

Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory

The basalt lava erupted or intruded into carbonate rocks and into sediments that were in the process of forming large coal beds, both of which would have emitted large amounts of carbon dioxide, leading to stronger global warming after the dust and aerosols settled.

This small warming is likely a result of the natural alterations in global ocean currents which are driven by ocean salinity variations.

The thermohaline circulation is mainly driven by the formation of deep water masses in the North Atlantic and the Southern Ocean caused by differences in temperature and salinity of the water.

Global warming is driving major melting on the surface of Greenland’s glaciers and is speeding up their travel into the sea.”

Massive heat waves across North America were persistent in the 1930s, many mid-Atlantic/Ohio valley states recorded their highest temperatures during July 1934.

For decades horticulturalists have pumped carbon dioxide into glasshouses to increase yields.

This increase in radiative forcing from human activity is attributable mainly to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

“As soon as renewables were introduced into the grid, electric­ity prices increased and delivery became unreliable.

There is considerable evidence that over the very recent period of the last 100–1000 years, the sharp increases in human activity, especially the burning of fossil fuels, has caused the parallel sharp and accelerating increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases which trap the sun's heat.

‘While volcanic eruptions are natural events, it was the timing of these that had such a noticeable effect on the trend.

The Little Ice Age was a period of several centuries during the last millennium during which global temperatures were depressed; the cooling was associated with volcanic eruptions.

If global warming caused the 2014 Queensland heat wave, why wasn’t it as severe as the 1972 Queensland heat wave?”

Global warming could lead to substantial alterations in climate extremes, such as tropical cyclones, heat waves and severe precipitation events.

When all forcings are combined, they show good correlation to global temperature throughout the 20th century including the mid-century cooling period.

Natural science is concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.

[…]until we develop a practical, cost-competitive alternative to fossil fuels, it is unlikely that renewable energy will ever make up more than 15-20% of global energy requirements.

Globally, the long-term technical potential of wind energy is believed to be five times total current global energy production, or 40 times current electricity demand, assuming all practical barriers needed were overcome.

Skeptics who oppose scientific findings that threaten their world view are far closer to Galileo's belief-based critics in the Catholic Church.

Climate change caused by human activities that emit greenhouse gases into the air is expected to affect the frequency of extreme weather events such as drought, extreme temperatures, flooding, high winds, and severe storms.

Global warming is an increasingly urgent problem.

Public reactions to global warming and concern about its effects have been increasing, with many perceiving it as the worst global threat.

So CO2 causes warming AND rising temperature causes CO2 rise.

Industrial pollutants such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs) have a GWP many thousands of times greater than carbon dioxide by volume.

“We indicated 23 years ago — in our 1994 Nature article — that climate models had the atmosphere’s sensitivity to CO2 much too high,” Christy said in a statement.

For constant humidity they computed a climate sensitivity of 2.3 °C per doubling of CO2 (which they rounded to 2, the value most often quoted from their work, in the abstract of the paper).

The CO2 amplifies the warming and mixes through the atmosphere, spreading warming throughout the planet.

Increases in atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 and other long-lived greenhouse gases such as methane, nitrous oxide and ozone have correspondingly strengthened their absorption and emission of infrared radiation, causing the rise in average global temperature since the mid-20th century.

Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the acidity of surface ocean waters has increased by about 30 percent.13,14

This has caused an increase in hydrogen ion (acidity) of about 30% since the start of the industrial age through a process known as "ocean acidification."

‘Next year or the year after, the Arctic will be free of ice’

The warming evident in the instrumental temperature record is consistent with a wide range of observations, documented by many independent scientific groups; for example, in most continental regions the frequency and intensity of heavy precipitation has increased.

But [climate scientists] say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey—and the recent history of tropical cyclones worldwide—suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse.

"Some of the models suggest that there is a 75 percent chance that the entire north polar ice cap during some of the summer months will be completely ice-free within the next five to seven years," Gore said.

“During the sunless winter, a heatwave raised concerns that the polar vortex may be eroding.

The general assumption is that reduced snow cover and sea ice reflect less sunlight and therefore evaporation and transpiration increases, which in turn alters the pressure and temperature gradient of the polar vortex, causing it to weaken or collapse.

The United States is the leading nation in the world "with the highest amount of doubt about the conventional wisdom of climate change."

Today, climate change skepticism is most prominently seen in the United States, where the media disproportionately features views of the climate change denial community.

“Scientists have published strong evidence that the warming climate is making heat waves more frequent and intense.

If the Greenland ice sheet were to melt away completely, the world's sea level would rise by more than 7 m (23 ft).

“We indicated 23 years ago — in our 1994 Nature article — that climate models had the atmosphere’s sensitivity to CO2 much too high,” Christy said in a statement.

In his first paper on the matter, he estimated that global temperature would rise by around 5 to 6 °C (9.0 to 10.8 °F) if the quantity of CO 2 was doubled.

Venus is not hot because of a runaway greenhouse.

The planet Venus experienced runaway greenhouse effect, resulting in an atmosphere which is 96% carbon dioxide, with surface atmospheric pressure roughly the same as found 900 m (3,000 ft) underwater on Earth.

Humans are too insignificant to affect global climate.

El Nino affects the global climate and disrupts normal weather patterns, which as a result can lead to intense storms in some places and droughts in others.

Water vapour is the most dominant greenhouse gas.

While water vapour (~50%) and clouds (~25%) are the biggest contributors to the greenhouse effect, they increase as a function of temperature and are therefore considered feedbacks.

“Dr Browman, a marine scientist for 35 years, said he was not saying that ocean acidification posed no threat, but that he believed that “a higher level of academic scepticism” should be applied to the topic.

Sea level rise since 1990 was underestimated in older models, but now agrees well with observations.

Until last June, most scientists acknowledged that warming reached a peak in the late 1990s

The text stated that it was "likely that, in the Northern Hemisphere, the 1990s was the warmest decade and 1998 the warmest year" in the past 1,000 years.

CO2 levels are rising so fast that unless we decrease emissions, global warming will accelerate this century.

Nick Bostrom argues that it would be "misguided" to assume that the probability of near-term extinction is less than 25% and that it will be "a tall order" for the human race to "get our precautions sufficiently right the first time", given that an existential risk provides no opportunity to learn from failure.

However the warming trend is slower than most climate models have forecast

They showed that the climate system may be responding faster than the models indicate.

Comparisons to the most recent data consistently finds that climate change is occurring more rapidly and intensely than indicated by IPCC predictions.

"Wind power is cheapest energy, EU analysis finds".

Cold weather to grip world as solar minimum to deepen, NASA says

Scientific integrity demands robust, independent peer review, however, and AAAS therefore emphasised that investigations are appropriate whenever significant questions are raised regarding the transparency and rigour of the scientific method, the peer-review process, or the responsibility of individual scientists.

Renewables can't provide baseload power.

For January 2016, the satellite based data showed the lowest overall Arctic sea ice extent of any January since records begun in 1979.

Global sea level data shows that sea level rise has been increasing since 1880 while future sea level rise predictions are based on physics, not statistics.

This network was used, in combination with satellite altimeter data, to establish that global mean sea-level rose 19.5 cm (7.7 in) between 1870 and 2004 at an average rate of about 1.44 mm/yr (1.7 mm/yr during the 20th century).

The most recent ocean measurements show consistent warming.

The 2017 United States-published National Climate Assessment notes that "climate models may still be underestimating or missing relevant feedback processes".

Global warming is causing snow to disappear.

Decades ago, they correctly predicted how much Earth's temperature would rise due to increasing atmospheric CO2.

But like most claims regarding global warming, the real effect is small, probably temporary, and most likely due to natural weather patterns

The effects of global warming include rising sea levels, regional changes in precipitation, more frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves, and expansion of deserts.

[South Australia] has the most expensive electricity in the world.

"South Australia has the highest power prices in the world".

During the 2013 election campaign the Coalition said its first legislative priority in government would be to scrap the carbon tax.

Labor and the Greens opposed the Coalition's promised abolition of carbon pricing, and the introduction of "direct action" carbon-reduction policies, but the Government secured cross bench support for the repeal of the tax in July 2014.

For what appears to be the first time since scientists began keeping track, sea ice in the Arctic and the Antarctic are at record lows this time of year.

The previous record of the lowest area of the Arctic Ocean covered by ice in 2012 saw a low of 1.58 million square miles (4.09 million square kilometers).

“So the bottom line of all this is that climate change is natural, not man-made.

Nevertheless, the bottom-line conclusion from climate fingerprinting is that most of the observed changes studied to date are consistent with each other, and are also consistent with our scientific understanding of how the climate system would be expected to respond to the increase in heat-trapping gases resulting from human activities.

[Jonathan Overpeck:] ‘No doubt about it anymore — humans, mainly by burning fossil fuels, are cooking the planet,’ Overpeck said.

The main sources of greenhouse gases due to human activity are: burning of fossil fuels and deforestation leading to higher carbon dioxide concentrations in the air.

97% of climate experts agree humans are causing global warming.

Climate scientists have reached a consensus that the earth is undergoing significant anthropogenic (human-induced) global warming.

the models predicted seven times as much warming as has been observed

The model predicted <0.2 °C warming for upper air at 700 mb and 500 mb.

In no way, shape, or form are humans warming or cooling the planet.

During winter and early spring, New Jersey can experience "nor'easters," which are capable of causing blizzards or flooding throughout the northeastern United States.

Satellites measure Antarctica losing land ice at an accelerating rate.

Climate sensitivity is the globally averaged temperature change in response to changes in radiative forcing, which can occur, for instance, due to increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO 2).

By 2050 there’s a scientific consensus that we reached the tipping point for ice sheets in Greenland and the West Antarctic

The Keeling Curve is a graph of the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere based on continuous measurements taken at the Mauna Loa Observatory on the island of Hawaii from 1958 to the present day.

“Sea level rise is global.

Within the G8 group of countries, it is most significant for the UK, France and Germany.

The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

By addressing climate change, we can avoid the costs associated with the effects of climate change.

Polar bear numbers are increasing.

While CO 2 absorption and release is always happening as a result of natural processes, the recent rise in CO 2 levels in the atmosphere is known to be mainly due to human (anthropogenic) activity.

Natural cycles superimposed on a linear warming trend can be mistaken for step changes, but the underlying warming is caused by the external radiative forcing.

In two areas where harvest levels have been increased based on increased sightings, science-based studies have indicated declining populations, and a third area is considered data-deficient.

“Some experts, such as UN climate scientist Dr. Indur Goklany, have defended rising CO2 levels as a good thing for humanity.

While increased CO 2 levels help crop growth at lower temperature increases, those crops do become less nutritious.

Clouds provide negative feedback

The albedo of increased cloudiness cools the climate, resulting in a negative feedback; while the reflection of infrared radiation by clouds warms the climate, resulting in a positive feedback.

The thermal expansion of the oceans, compounded by melting glaciers, resulted in the highest global sea level on record in 2015.

Since the last glacial maximum about 20,000 years ago, the sea level has risen by more than 125 metres (410 ft), with rates varying from less than a mm/year to 40+ mm/year, as a result of melting ice sheets over Canada and Eurasia.

Observed sea levels are actually tracking at the upper range of the IPCC projections.

It is partly covered by sea ice throughout the year and almost completely in winter.

The new research showed that [oxygen isotopes in foraminifera] can change

Though in 2007 some suggested that a subsidy shift would help to level the playing field and support growing energy sectors, namely solar power, wind power, and bio-fuels., by 2017 those sources combined had yet to provide 10% of U.S. electricity, and intermittency forced utilities to remain reliant on oil, natural gas, and coal to meet baseload demand.

Scientists have known for some time, from multiple lines of evidence, that humans are changing Earth’s climate, primarily through greenhouse gas emissions.

Scientists have determined that the major factors causing the current climate change are greenhouse gases, land use changes, and aerosols and soot.

But experts say the energy transition needs to speed up drastically to head off the worst effects of climate change.

This classic was originally published in French in 1958.

Like countless other organ­isms, we move and adapt when the environment changes.

Efforts have been increasingly focused on the mitigation of greenhouse gases that are causing climatic changes, on developing adaptative strategies to global warming, to assist humans, other animal, and plant species, ecosystems, regions and nations in adjusting to the effects of global warming.