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question stringlengths 17 289	choices sequencelengths 2 5	answer int8 0 4	hint stringlengths 0 1.06k	task stringclasses 3 values	grade stringclasses 8 values	subject stringclasses 3 values	topic stringclasses 9 values	category stringclasses 35 values	skill stringclasses 63 values	lecture stringclasses 104 values	solution stringlengths 21 2.72k
Which is this organism's scientific name?	[ "Cyanea capillata", "lion's mane jellyfish" ]	0	This organism is a lion's mane jellyfish. It is also called Cyanea capillata.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	biology	Classification and scientific names	Identify common and scientific names	An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know. An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English. Scientific names are written in italics, but common names are usually not. The first word of the scientific name is capitalized, and the second word is not. For example, the common name of the animal below is giant panda. Its scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca.	Cyanea capillata is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, Cyanea capillata is the scientific name.
Which statement is true about the average monthly precipitation in Charlotte?	[ "January is the month with the highest average precipitation.", "June is wetter than July.", "Precipitation does not change much from month to month." ]	2	Use the graph to answer the question below.	closed choice	grade4	natural science	earth-science	Weather and climate	Use climate data to make predictions	Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Precipitation, or rain and snow, is one type of climate data. Scientists collect data over many years. They can use this data to calculate the average precipitation for each month. The average precipitation can be used to describe the climate of a location. A bar graph can be used to show the average amount of precipitation each month. Months with taller bars have more precipitation on average.	To describe the average precipitation trends in Charlotte, look at the graph. Choice "Jan" is incorrect. Choice "Jun" is incorrect. Choice "Jul" is incorrect. Choice "January is the month with the highest average precipitation." is incorrect. Several other months have a slightly higher average precipitation than January. Choice "June is wetter than July." is incorrect. Wetter months have a higher average precipitation than drier months. June and July have the same average monthly precipitation. So, June is not wetter than July. Choice "Precipitation does not change much from month to month." is incorrect. The average monthly precipitation changes only slightly throughout the year.
Which of these states is farthest west?	[ "Mississippi", "Maine", "Virginia", "Vermont" ]	0		closed choice	grade2	social science	geography	Geography	Read a map: cardinal directions	Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.	To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Mississippi is farthest west.
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?	[ "The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1." ]	1	The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	physics	Velocity, acceleration, and forces	Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces	Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by using magnets of different sizes. The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when the magnets are larger.	Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.
Based on the continuum scale, which planet is smaller?	[ "Mars", "Venus" ]	0	This continuum scale shows the sizes of the inner planets of our solar system.	closed choice	grade5	language science	writing-strategies	Visual elements	Read graphic organizers	A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another. When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this can help you think about the ideas in the text and easily review them. When you write, you can use graphic organizers to organize your thoughts and plan your writing.	A continuum scale compares things by ordering them along a line. This continuum scale shows the sizes of the inner planets of our solar system. Smaller planets are shown to the left. Larger planets are shown to the right. Mars is shown farther to the left than Venus. So, Mars is smaller.
Is a horseshoe crab shell a mineral?	[ "yes", "no" ]	1	A horseshoe crab shell has the following properties: no fixed crystal structure solid naturally occurring mixture of proteins and other substances body part of a marine organism	yes or no	grade6	natural science	earth-science	Rocks and minerals	Identify rocks and minerals	Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties: It is a solid. It is formed in nature. It is not made by organisms. It is a pure substance. It has a fixed crystal structure. If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral. Look closely at the last three properties: A mineral is not made by organisms. Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be minerals. Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories cannot be minerals. A mineral is a pure substance. A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. All minerals are pure substances. A mineral has a fixed crystal structure. The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.	A horseshoe crab shell does not have all the properties of a mineral. So, a horseshoe crab shell is not a mineral.
Which material is this bicycle tire made of?	[ "concrete", "rubber" ]	1		closed choice	grade2	natural science	physics	Materials	Identify multiple materials in objects	A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. Some objects are made of just one material. Most nails are made of metal. Other objects are made of more than one material. This hammer is made of metal and wood.	Look at the picture of the bicycle tire. The bicycle tire is made of two different materials. The rim and spokes are made of metal. The rest of the tire is made of rubber.
What is the expected ratio of offspring with yellow fruit to offspring with red fruit? Choose the most likely ratio.	[ "3:1", "0:4", "4:0", "2:2", "1:3" ]	1	In a group of tomato plants, some individuals have red fruit and others have yellow fruit. In this group, the gene for the fruit color trait has two alleles. The allele for red fruit (F) is dominant over the allele for yellow fruit (f). This Punnett square shows a cross between two tomato plants.	closed choice	grade8	natural science	biology	Genes to traits	Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types	Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. \| F \| f F \| FF \| Ff f \| Ff \| ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.	To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with yellow fruit or red fruit, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the fruit color trait. The question tells you that the F allele, which is for red fruit, is dominant over the f allele, which is for yellow fruit. Yellow fruit is the recessive allele's version of the fruit color trait. A tomato plant with the recessive version of the fruit color trait must have only recessive alleles for the fruit color gene. So, offspring with yellow fruit must have the genotype ff. There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype ff. Red fruit is the dominant allele's version of the fruit color trait. A tomato plant with the dominant version of the fruit color trait must have at least one dominant allele for the fruit color gene. So, offspring with red fruit must have the genotype FF or Ff. All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype FF or Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with yellow fruit to offspring with red fruit is 0:4. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will never produce offspring with yellow fruit. Instead, this cross is expected to always produce offspring with red fruit.
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?	[ "sample A", "sample B", "neither; the samples have the same temperature" ]	1	The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles.	closed choice	grade8	natural science	physics	Particle motion and energy	Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure	The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance. The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.	The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A. Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B must have the higher temperature.
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?	[ "The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2.", "The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1." ]	2	The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.	closed choice	grade4	natural science	physics	Magnets	Compare strengths of magnetic forces	Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the strength of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnetic force is weaker when the magnets are farther apart.	Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker. The magnets in Pair 1 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.
Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad?	[ "logos (reason)", "ethos (character)", "pathos (emotion)" ]	1		closed choice	grade7	language science	writing-strategies	Persuasive strategies	Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements	The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals: Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one of the following: say that a brand has been trusted for many years note that a brand is recommended by a respected organization or celebrity include a quote from a "real person" who shares the audience's values Appeals to logos, or reason, use logic and specific evidence. An ad that appeals to logos might do one of the following: use graphs or charts to display information mention the results of scientific studies explain the science behind a product or service Appeals to pathos, or emotion, use feelings rather than facts to persuade the audience. An ad that appeals to pathos might do one of the following: trigger a fear, such as the fear of embarrassment appeal to a desire, such as the desire to appear attractive link the product to a positive feeling, such as adventure, love, or luxury	The ad appeals to ethos, or character. It notes that the product is recommended by professionals.
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?	[ "The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs." ]	0	The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different shapes.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	physics	Velocity, acceleration, and forces	Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces	Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You can change the magnitude of a magnetic force between two magnets by changing the distance between them. The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater when there is a smaller distance between the magnets.	Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a smaller distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is greater. There is a smaller distance between the magnets in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.
Which property do these two objects have in common?	[ "stretchy", "yellow" ]	0	Select the better answer.	closed choice	grade2	natural science	physics	Materials	Compare properties of objects	An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.	Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. Both objects are stretchy. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. The wool hat is not yellow. The property that both objects have in common is stretchy.
Which of these states is farthest east?	[ "North Dakota", "Washington", "Pennsylvania", "New Mexico" ]	2		closed choice	grade3	social science	geography	Geography	Read a map: cardinal directions	Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.	To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Pennsylvania is farthest east.