Devastated by fire in 1713 & 1808, this city was made the capital of the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1812
It 
existed between ... Capital, Turku ... An extended Southwest Finland was made a 
titular grand duchy in 1581, when King John ... After his return to Finland in 1812, 
the Finnish-born Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt became councillor to the Russian 
emperor.