In the 1960s Nelson Mandela led the military group "Umkhonto we Sizwe", or this weapon "of the Nation"
In the late 1960s South Africa saw the beginning of the Black 
Consciousness... [DOC] [TLE] Umkhonto We Sizwe - South African Military History Society [PAR] A brief historical overview of Umkhonto We Sizwe (MK), 1961-1994 .... laws 
during the 1940s and the 1950s, and pass-burning campaigns during the early 
1960s.