Galileo's finding that Venus goes through these, like the moon, was the 1st direct evidence for Copernican ideas
He circulated his first account of the tides in 1616, addressed to Cardinal 
... the idea, held by his contemporary Johannes Kepler, that the moon caused... [DOC] [TLE] Galileo and the Telescope - Australia Telescope National Facility [PAR] Galileo Galilei did not invent the telescope but was the first to use it ...