In Roman times, this peninsula was known as Hispania
[DOC] [TLE] Roman Conquest of Hispania - Spain Then and Now [PAR] The Carthaginians were already well established in the Iberian Peninsula, and 
as ... As early as 197 BC, Rome signalled its intentions, dividing its conquered .... 
the beginning of the Roman Empire under Octavian, better known as Augustus,... [DOC] [TLE] Rome and Hispania - Spain Then and Now [PAR] Rome succeeded in uniting the peninsula for the first time, but that unity was 
externally and not internally driven.