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medieval-letters

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Medieval Letters Dataset

Overview

This dataset contains a collection of letters from prominent Carolingian scholars and ecclesiastical figures. The letters are sourced from the Patrologia Latina and were downloaded as XML from Corpus Corporum.

Data Source

The letters in this dataset are derived from the Patrologia Latina, a comprehensive collection of texts from the Church Fathers and other ecclesiastical writers. The XML versions of these texts were obtained from Corpus Corporum, a digital library of Latin texts hosted by the University of Zurich.

Data Fields

The dataset includes the following fields for each letter:

  • Author: The name of the Medieval scholar or ecclesiastical figure who wrote the letter. Currently, this includes Alcuin and Lupus of Ferrières, with plans to add more authors in the future.

  • Author VIAF Link: Link to the author's VIAF entry.

  • Recipients: The name(s) of the individual(s) to whom the letter was addressed. This field may contain multiple names if the letter was sent to more than one person. It may be empty if the recipient is unknown or not specified in the source text.

  • Date: The date of the letter's composition, if known. This field may be empty if the date is not specified in the source text. Dates may be expressed in various formats, including specific years, ranges of years, or descriptive terms (e.g., "circa 800").

  • PL Number: The number assigned to the letter in the Patrologia Latina (PL) edition. This serves as a unique identifier for each letter within an author's corpus and allows for easy cross-referencing with the printed edition.

  • PL Head: The header information as it appears in the Patrologia Latina edition. This often includes a brief summary or description of the letter's content, which can be in Latin.

  • Salutation: The opening greeting of the letter. This typically includes the name or title of the recipient and a formal greeting, often in a standardized format common to medieval letter-writing practices.

  • Main text content: The body of the letter, containing the primary message or content. This field includes the full text of the letter, excluding the salutation and any notes or bracketed content.

  • Notes: Any explanatory notes or commentary provided in the Patrologia Latina edition. These notes often provide historical context, explain obscure references, or offer textual variants. In our dataset, these are typically extracted from parenthetical comments in the source text.

  • Bracketed content: Any text that appeared within square brackets [ ] in the source edition. This often represents editorial additions, clarifications, or uncertain readings in the manuscript tradition.

Usage Notes

  • Some fields may be empty for certain letters if the information was not available in the source text.
  • The 'Main text content' field has been processed to remove page break markers and normalize whitespace, but otherwise preserves the content as it appears in the Patrologia Latina.
  • Users should be aware that the 'Notes' and 'Bracketed content' fields may contain important contextual information or text-critical details that are separate from the main body of the letter.

Usage

This dataset is intended for researchers, historians, and students interested in Carolingian history, medieval Latin literature, and the intellectual networks of the early medieval period. It can be used for various analyses, including:

  • Textual analysis of medieval Latin
  • Network analysis of medieval scholars and their correspondents
  • Historical research on medieval politics, religion, and culture

Current Contents

Author Included Dates Recipients VIAF Link
Abbo Floriacensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Achardus S. Victoris ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Adalbero Remensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Adalbertus Moguntinus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Adamus Perseniae ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Adrianus I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Adrianus IV ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Agapetus I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Agapetus II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Agatho papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Alanus Antissiodorensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Alanus Tewkesburiensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Alcuinus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Aldhelmus Schireburnensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Aldricus Senonensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Alexander II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Amatus Burdegalensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Amulo Lugdunensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Anastasius I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Anastasius IV ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Anselmus Cantuariensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Arnulfus Lexoviensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Athanasius Alexandrinus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Atto Vercellensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Augustinus Hipponensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ausonius Burdigalensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Avitus Viennensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Balduinus Flandriae et Hannoniae ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Beda ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Benedictus Anianensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Benedictus II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Benedictus III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Benedictus IV ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Benedictus IX ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Benedictus VI ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Benedictus VII ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Benedictus VIII ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bernaldus Constantiensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bernardus Claraevallensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Berno Augiae Divitis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bonifacius I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bonifacius II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bonifacius Moguntinus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bonifacius V ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Braulio Caesaraugustanus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bruno Astensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bruno Carthusianorum ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Bulgaranus comes ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Caesarius Arelatensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Calixtus II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Capreolus Carthaginensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Carolus II Calvus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Carolus Magnus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Clemens II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Clemens III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Coelestinus I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Coelestinus III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Columbanus Hibernus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Conon Praenestinus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Constantinus I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Constantinus papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Cornelius papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Cyprianus Carthaginensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Cyricius Barcinonensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Damasus papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Desiderius Cadurcensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Dionysius Exiguus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Dynamius Patricius ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Eberhardus Tegernseensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Eginhardus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Elipandus Toletanus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ellingerus Tegernseensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ennodius Ticinensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ervisius S. Victoris ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Eugenius III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Eugenius III Toletanus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Eulogius Toletanus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Eusebius Vercellensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Faustus Rhegiensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Felix II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Felix III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Felix IV ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ferrandus diaconus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Formosus papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Fridericus Coloniensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Frotharius Tullensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Froumundus Tegernseensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Fulbertus Carnotensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Fulgentius Ruspensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gelasius I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gelasius II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gerardus Engolismensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gerardus I Cameracensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gerbertus Auriliacensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gerhohus Reicherspergensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gilbertus Foliot ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gilduinus S. Victoris ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gillebertus de Hoilandia ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Godefridus Ambianensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Godefridus Bullonius ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Godehardus Hildesheimensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Goffridus Vindocinensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gozpertus Tegernseensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gregorius I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gregorius II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gregorius III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gregorius IV ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gregorius V ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gregorius VI ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gregorius VII ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gregorius VIII ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Guibertus Gemblacensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Guigo I prior Carthusiae ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Gundulfus Roffensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Henricus I Remensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Henricus de Castro Marsiaco ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Herbertus de Boseham ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hieronymus Stridonensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hilarus papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hildebertus Cenomanensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hildegardis Bingensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hincmarus Laudunensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hincmarus Rhemensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Honorius I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Honorius II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hormisdas I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hugo Cluniacensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hugo Gratianopolitanus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hugo Metellus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hugo Rothomagensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hugo de Campo Florido ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Hugo de S. Victore ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Innocentius I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Innocentius II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Innocentius III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Isidorus Hispalensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ivo Carnotensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Lambertus Atrebatensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Lanfrancus Cantuariensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Leidradus Lugdunensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Leo I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Leo II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Leo III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Leo IV ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Leo IX ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Leo VII ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Liberius papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Lotharius I Germaniae ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Lucius II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Lucius III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ludovicus Pius ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Lullus Moguntinus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Lupus Ferrariensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Lupus Trecensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Mamertus Claudianus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Mappinius Rhemensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Marbodus Redonensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Marinus II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Martinus I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Matthaeus Albanensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Mauricius de Sulliaco ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Montanus Toletanus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Nicetius Trevirensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Nicolaus Claraevallensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Nicolaus I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Nicolaus II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Odo S. Victoris ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Oliva Ausonensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Otto Bambergensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Pacianus Barcilonensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Paschalis I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Paschalis II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Paulinus Nolanus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Paulus Alvarus Cordubensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Paulus I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Paulus Vinfridus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Pelagius I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Pelagius II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Peringerus Tegernseensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Petrus Abaelardus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Petrus Blesensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Petrus Cluniacensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Petrus Damianus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Petrus S. Chrysogoni ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Petrus diaconus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Philippus I Franciae ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Philippus de Harveng ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Quodvultdeus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Rabanus Maurus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Rainaldus II Rhemensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ratherius Veronensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Raynaldus I Remensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Reimbaldus Leodiensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Richardus Narbonensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Richardus S. Victoris ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Robertus Metensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Robertus Molismensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Romanus papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Rudolfus I ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ruricius ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Salvianus Massiliensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Seifridus Tegernseensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Sergius III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Sergius IV ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Sidonius Apollinaris ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Sigebertus II Francorum ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Sigefridus Moguntinus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Silverius papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Simplicius papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Siricius papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Sixtus III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Stephanus III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Stephanus Parisiensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Stephanus V ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Stephanus VI ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Stephanus VII ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Stephanus VIII ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Stephanus X ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Sugerius S. Dionysii ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Sulpicius Severus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Symmachus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Symmachus papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Symphosius Amalarius ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Theobaldus Stampensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Thomas Cantuariensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Udalricus Tegernseensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Ulgerius Andegavensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Urbanus II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Urbanus III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Victor II ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Victor III ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Vigilius Tridentinus ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Vigilius papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Vitalianus papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Viventiolus Lugdunensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Vulgrinus Bituricensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Wibaldus Corbeiensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Wibertus antipapa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Wigo Phyuhtvangensis ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Willelmus Conquestor ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF
Zosimus papa ✅ 🟥 N/A VIAF

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Corpus Corporum project at the University of Zurich for making these texts available in a digital format.