Q:

What is the best way to put bonemeal into the soil?

I was suggested to put bonemeal to my chili pepper to make it stronger. However the plant is already there and I've read about bonemeal in the wiki and found out that bonemeal doesn't move by itself in the soil.
I don't like to spread them on the surface because I don't want to attract bugs. If I want to mix the bonemeal thoroughly in the soil, there is no way to avoid digging out the plant. Even if I can dig out the whole plant, the soil could've been mixed with the root completely because the chili is not small.

A:

Bone meal does not help your plants.  This is a myth that is found so extensively you would think it had been propagated from seed. From Linda Chalker-Scott of Washington State University

Bone meal supplies high levels of phosphorus and calcium, elements
  that are rarely limiting in non-agricultural soils. 
Phosphorus, from
  bone meal or other sources, does not “stimulate” plant growth; it is
  only a mineral, not a plant growth regulator. 
High levels of
  phosphorus, from bone meal or other sources, will inhibit growth of
  mycorrhizal fungi. 
Without mycorrhizal partners, plants must put
  additional resources into root growth at the expense of other tissues
  and functions.

I also highly recommend her book about gardening myths which I read and shows how you can achieve the same or better gardening results with less work.
Edit: both blood and bone meal are byproducts from the meat packing industry.  Blood meal is a good source of nitrogen. They are sometimes packaged together as blood and bone meal. The key differences are that:

nitrogen is mobile and not tightly bound in the soil so it can be used by roots quickly
some plants are heavy nitrogen users like corn or many green vegetables so it is a limiting factor

Edit @Ed Staub There is a difference between phosphorous must be present for root growth and  "Bone meal helps stimulate strong root growth" or this site. In regards to mycorrhizal fungi "Approximately 90% of all vascular land plants live in some association with mycorrhizal fungi".  That does not endorse selling MF supplements it just underlines that if you inhibit the growth of a plant's symbiotes then mineral uptake is decreased until more roots are grown. I would be very interested in any research that substantiates the claims that are made for bone meal.
Edit @Ed Staub In acid soils phosphorous is less available to plant roots as it is tied up as aluminum phosphate down to ph of 5 or iron phosphates below ph 5. Adding bone meal will not supply more phosphorous as it is limited by the soil ph. That's why they recommend liming agricultural soils before applying a phosphorous source.  If gunbuster363 is growing his chili's in acidic soil below ph 6 he would get better yields by adding organic matter such as compost or growing plants that tolerate this such as potatoes, beets, cabbage and cucumbers. This question has some great answers on fertilizing vegetables.

A:

Bone meal is primarily recommended for phosphate and calcium. Neither moves very rapidly through the soil. You should find out why bone meal was recommended: do you have a deficiency of phosphate or calcium? When you know that, then you can figure out what nutrients you need to provide, and then you can figure out what amendments you need and how you can best apply them.

A:

I wouldn't advise digging a plant out just to fertilize it - especially an annual.  So regardless of the efficacy of bone meal in general, it doesn't seem like a good fit in this case.
As far as the need for phosphorus in some form - opinions clearly differ, as well as conditions.  As @bstpierre noted, you can always test first - if it's worth it to you.

