Q:

Bitcoin network resources requirement

Supposing we are alone, could it be possible to run the whole bitcoin network and full capacity of it (maximum transaction per second by different peer) on a low end computer, and how can someone verify that ?

A:

As difficulty adjusts automatically, it is indeed possible to run a mostly functional network with the bare minimum hardware required for storage and networking.
Naturally, this network will have next to no protection against a 51% attack, as anyone with a faster computer (or computers) will easily be able to outdo your bare minimum hardware.
Running it would be as simple as setting up a new node with a miner, and making sure it doesn't connect to the existing network - an easy way for that would be to have a new genesis block. You can then mine on this network, and the difficulty will adjust itself so that you have a 10 minute block time.

