Q:

Converting binary data containing null (0x00) characters to ASCII in SQL Server

On SQL Server (2016+), I have data stored in a varbinary column, saved by some Java application, which contains a mixture of binary data and ASCII text. I want to search the column using a like operator or otherwise to look for certain ASCII strings, and then view the returned values as ASCII (so that I can read the surrounding text).
The data contains non-characters such as "00" (0x00), and these seem to stop SQL Server from converting the string as might otherwise be possible according to the answers at Hex to ASCII string conversion on the fly . In the example below, it can be seen that the byte "00" stops the parsing of the ASCII.
select convert(varchar(max),0x48454C4C004F205000455445,0) as v1       -- HELL
select convert(varchar(max),0x48454C4C4F205000455445,0) as v2         -- HELLO P
select convert(varchar(max),0x48454C4C4F2050455445,0) as v3           -- HELLO PETE

How can I have
 select convert(varchar(max), 0x48454C4C004F205000455445, 0)

...return something like this?:
HELL?O P?ETE

(Or, less ideally, have an expression similar to
convert(varchar(max), 0x48454C4C004F205000455445, 0) like '%HE%ETE%'

...return the row?)
It works on the website https://www.rapidtables.com/convert/number/hex-to-ascii.html with 48454C4C004F205000455445 as input.

I'm not overly concerned about performance, but I want to stay within SQL Server, and ideally within the scope of T-SQL which can be copied and pasted easily.
I've tried using replace on "00", but this could causes problems with characters ending with 0, as in "5000" in the examples above. There may be bytes other than 0x00 which cause string conversion to stop as well.

A:

To return the row (the more limited version of this question), a simple like operator on the value appears to work when run directly on the binary value, despite the intervening 0x00 values:
    0x48454C4C004F205000455445 like 'HE%ETE%'

In other words, like can cope where convert can't.
To view the actual value, the best I've managed so far is this:
convert(varchar(max),convert(varbinary(max),
  REPLACE(
    convert(varchar(max), 0x48454C4C004F205000455445, 1)
    ,'00',''
  )
,1),0) 

This gives HELLO PETE, and works well enough on the actual data, getting to its end.
(It depends on the heuristic of not caring about converting e.g. 0x50 0x03 to 0x53 and similar, but I can live with that, as 0x0z, where z is 1 to f, represents control characters, which don't occur around the text I'm interested in).
(thanks to Panagiotis Kanavos for prodding me in a useful direction!)

