Q:

Determine if class attribute is a read-only data descriptor

A read-only data descriptor is a descriptor that defines both __get__ and __set__, but __set__ raises AttributeError when called. 
An example is a simple read-only property:
class Test():

    _i = 1

    @property
    def i(self):
        return self._i

assert hasattr(Test.i, '__get__')
assert hasattr(Test.i, '__set__')
t = Test()
t.i # 1
t.i = 2 # ERROR

If I have an instance of a class, I can determine if the instance attribute is a read-only data descriptor this way (although I don't like this at all): 
def is_ro_data_descriptor_from_instance(instance, attr):
    temp = getattr(instance, attr)
    try:
        setattr(instance, attr, None)
    except AttributeError:
        return True
    else:
        setattr(instance, attr, temp)
        return False

If I know the class doesn't require any arguments to be instantiated, I can determine if its class attribute is a read-only data descriptor similar to the above: 
def is_ro_data_descriptor_from_klass(klass, attr):
    try:
        setattr(klass(), attr, None)
    except AttributeError:
        return True
    else:
        return False

However, if I don't know the signature of the class ahead of time, and I try to instantiate a temporary object in this way, I could get an error: 
class MyClass():
    i = 1
    def __init__(self, a, b, c):
        '''a, b, and c are required!'''
        pass

def is_ro_data_descriptor_from_klass(MyClass, 'i') # Error

What can be done to determine if a class attribute is a read-only data descriptor? 
EDIT: Adding more information. 
Below is the code I am trying to get working: 
class StaticVarsMeta(type):
    '''A metaclass that will emulate the "static variable" behavior of
    other languages. For example: 

        class Test(metaclass = StaticVarsMeta):
            _i = 1
            @property
            def i(self):
                return self._i
        t = Test()
        assert t.i == Test.i'''
    statics = {}
    def __new__(meta, name, bases, dct):
        klass = super().__new__(meta, name, bases, dct)
        meta.statics[klass] = {}
        for key, value in dct.items():
            if "_" + key in dct:
                meta.statics[klass][key] = set()
                if hasattr(value, '__get__'):
                    meta.statics[klass][key].add('__get__')
                if hasattr(value, '__set__'):
                    try:
                        value.__set__(None, None)
                    except AttributeError:
                        continue
                    else:
                        meta.statics[klass][key].add('__set__')
        return klass
    def __getattribute__(klass, attr):
        if attr not in StaticVarsMeta.statics[klass]:
            return super().__getattribute__(attr)
        elif '__get__' not in StaticVarsMeta.statics[klass][attr]:
            return super().__getattribute__(attr)
        else:
            return getattr(klass, '_' + attr)
    def __setattr__(klass, attr, value):
        if attr not in StaticVarsMeta.statics[klass]:
            super().__setattr__(attr, value)
        elif '__set__' not in StaticVarsMeta.statics[klass][attr]:
            super().__setattr__(attr, value)
        else:
            setattr(klass, '_' + attr, value)

class Test(metaclass = StaticVarsMeta):
    _i = 1
    def get_i(self):
        return self._i
    i = property(get_i)

Note the following: 
type(Test.i) # int
type(Test.__dict__['i']) # property
Test().i = 2 # ERROR, as expected
Test.i = 2 # NO ERROR - should produce an error

A:

It seems super-awkward, but here's how you could implement it based on my comment:
class StaticVarsMeta(type):

    statics = {}

    def __new__(meta, name, bases, dct):
        cls = super().__new__(meta, name, bases, dct)
        meta.statics[cls] = {}
        for key, val in dct.items():
            if hasattr(val, '__get__') and hasattr(val, '__set__'):
                meta.statics[cls][key] = {'__get__'}
                try:
                    val.__set__(None, None)
                except AttributeError as err:
                    if "can't set attribute" in err.args:
                        continue
                meta.statics[cls][key].add('__set__')
        return cls

In use:
>>> class ReadOnly(metaclass=StaticVarsMeta):
    @property
    def foo(self):
        return None

>>> class ReadWrite(metaclass=StaticVarsMeta):
    @property
    def bar(self):
        return None
    @bar.setter
    def bar(self, val):
        pass

>>> StaticVarsMeta.statics
{<class '__main__.ReadOnly'>: {'foo': {'__get__'}}, 
 <class '__main__.ReadWrite'>: {'bar': {'__get__', '__set__'}}}

This is more of a "starter for 10", there must be a better way to do it...

A:

Your first solution can be made simpler and slightly more robust, by attempting to assign the value it already has. This way, no undoing is required (Still, this isn't thread-safe).
def is_ro_data_descriptor_from_instance(instance, attr):
    temp = getattr(instance, attr)
    try:
        setattr(instance, attr, temp)
    except AttributeError:
        return True
    else:
        return False

