More types of flagging? 
m0th87: How about having tags, and then letting the community dynamically decide which ones are standard? I think this would work because the community is fairly observant of the rules. Plus you could shape behavior by suggesting certain tags when the user wants to add a new tag to a submission. On top of covering the use cases you detail, it would:1) Help with search if it is ever implemented2) Allow users to quickly disseminate the subject of articles on the front page without ever opening them (especially helpful for ambiguous titles)3) Maybe in the future allow users to subscribe/unsubscribe to certain tags if the front page starts getting too busy