You are given an array consisting of n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n. Initially a_x = 1, all other elements are equal to 0.

You have to perform m operations. During the i-th operation, you choose two indices c and d such that l_i ≤ c, d ≤ r_i, and swap a_c and a_d.

Calculate the number of indices k such that it is possible to choose the operations so that a_k = 1 in the end.

Input

The first line contains a single integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of test cases. Then the description of t testcases follow.

The first line of each test case contains three integers n, x and m (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^9; 1 ≤ m ≤ 100; 1 ≤ x ≤ n).

Each of next m lines contains the descriptions of the operations; the i-th line contains two integers l_i and r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n).

Output

For each test case print one integer — the number of indices k such that it is possible to choose the operations so that a_k = 1 in the end.

Example

Input


3
6 4 3
1 6
2 3
5 5
4 1 2
2 4
1 2
3 3 2
2 3
1 2


Output


6
2
3

Note

In the first test case, it is possible to achieve a_k = 1 for every k. To do so, you may use the following operations:

  1. swap a_k and a_4; 
  2. swap a_2 and a_2; 
  3. swap a_5 and a_5. 



In the second test case, only k = 1 and k = 2 are possible answers. To achieve a_1 = 1, you have to swap a_1 and a_1 during the second operation. To achieve a_2 = 1, you have to swap a_1 and a_2 during the second operation.
import java.io.*;
import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.*;
//import javafx.util.Pair; 
//import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;

//import sun.net.www.content.audio.wav;



    
   public  class Codeforces {
        
        public static long mod = (long)Math.pow(10, 9)+7 ;
        public static double epsilon=0.00000000008854;//value of epsilon
        public static InputReader sc = new InputReader(System.in);
        public static PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        public static int firstNode(int a,HashMap<Integer,Integer> p){
            if(p.containsKey(a)){
                p.put(a, firstNode(p.get(a), p));
            }
            else return a;
            return p.get(a);
        }
        public static void Union(int a,int b,HashMap<Integer,Integer> p){
            //int a=firstNode(a1, p);
            //int b=firstNode(b1, p);
            /*if(a!=b){
                if(r[a]<r[b]){
                    p[a]=b;
                }
                else if(r[a]>r[b]){
                    p[b]=a;
                }
                else{
                    r[b]++;
                    p[a]=b;
                }
            }*/
            a=firstNode(a, p);
            b=firstNode(b, p);
            if(a!=b)
            p.put(a, b);//if no rank than 
        }
        public static ArrayList<ArrayList <Integer>> GetGraph(int n,int m){
            ArrayList<ArrayList <Integer>> a=new ArrayList<>();
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
                a.add(new ArrayList<>());
            }
            for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
                int u=sc.nextInt()-1;
                int v=sc.nextInt()-1;
                a.get(u).add(v);
                a.get(v).add(u);
            } 
            return a;
        }
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            // code starts..
            int q=sc.nextInt();
            while(q-->0){
                int n=sc.nextInt();
                int x=sc.nextInt();
                int m=sc.nextInt();
                int l=x,r=x;
                for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
                    int l1=sc.nextInt();
                    int r1=sc.nextInt();
                    if(l1>r||r1<l){
                        continue;
                    }
                    l=Math.min(l, l1);
                    r=Math.max(r, r1);
                }
                pw.println(r-l+1);

            }
            // Code ends...
            pw.flush();
            pw.close();
        }
       
        public static Comparator<Integer[]> column(int i){
            return 
            new Comparator<Integer[]>() {
                @Override
                public int compare(Integer[] o1, Integer[] o2) {
                    return o1[i].compareTo(o2[i]);//for ascending
                    //return o2[i].compareTo(o1[i]);//for descending
                }
            };
        }
        public static String reverseString(String s){
            StringBuilder input1 = new StringBuilder(); 
            input1.append(s);  
            input1 = input1.reverse();
            return input1.toString();
        }
        public static int[] scanArray(int n){
            int a[]=new int [n];
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
            a[i]=sc.nextInt();
    
            return a;
        }
        public static long[] scanLongArray(int n){
            long a[]=new long [n];
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
            a[i]=sc.nextLong();
    
            return a;
        }
        public static String [] scanStrings(int n){
            String a[]=new String [n];
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
            a[i]=sc.nextLine();
    
            return a;
        }
        
    }
    
    class InputReader {
    
            private final InputStream stream;
            private final byte[] buf = new byte[8192];
            private int curChar, snumChars;
            private SpaceCharFilter filter;
    
            public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
                this.stream = stream;
            }
    
            public int snext() {
                if (snumChars == -1)
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                if (curChar >= snumChars) {
                    curChar = 0;
                    try {
                        snumChars = stream.read(buf);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    }
                    if (snumChars <= 0)
                        return -1;
                }
                return buf[curChar++];
            }
    
            public int nextInt() {
                int c = snext();
                while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
                    c = snext();
                }
                int sgn = 1;
                if (c == '-') {
                    sgn = -1;
                    c = snext();
                }
                int res = 0;
                do {
                    if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    res *= 10;
                    res += c - '0';
                    c = snext();
                } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
                return res * sgn;
            }
    
            public long nextLong() {
                int c = snext();
                while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
                    c = snext();
                }
                int sgn = 1;
                if (c == '-') {
                    sgn = -1;
                    c = snext();
                }
                long res = 0;
                do {
                    if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    res *= 10;
                    res += c - '0';
                    c = snext();
                } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
                return res * sgn;
            }
    
            public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
                int a[] = new int[n];
                for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                    a[i] = nextInt();
                }
                return a;
            }
    
            public String readString() {
                int c = snext();
                while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
                    c = snext();
                }
                StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
                do {
                    res.appendCodePoint(c);
                    c = snext();
                } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
                return res.toString();
            }
    
            public String nextLine() {
                int c = snext();
                while (isSpaceChar(c))
                    c = snext();
                StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
                do {
                    res.appendCodePoint(c);
                    c = snext();
                } while (!isEndOfLine(c));
                return res.toString();
            }
    
            public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
                if (filter != null)
                    return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
                return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
            }
    
            private boolean isEndOfLine(int c) {
                return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
            }
    
            public interface SpaceCharFilter {
                public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
            }
        }
        