For a dictionary $M$ that stores elements formed by a pair of a string key and an integer value, perform a sequence of the following operations. Note that each key in $M$ must be unique.

* insert($key$, $x$): Insert an element formed by a pair of $key$ and $x$ to $M$.
* get($key$): Print the value with the specified $key$. Print 0 if there is no such element.
* delete($key$): Delete the element with the specified $key$.
* dump($L$, $R$): Print all elements formed by a pair of the key and the value such that the key is greater than or equal to $L$ and less than or equal to $R$ in lexicographic order.

Constraints

* $1 \leq q \leq 200,000$
* $1 \leq x \leq 1,000,000,000$
* $1 \leq $ length of $key$ $ \leq 20$
* $key$ consists of lower-case letters
* $L \leq R$ in lexicographic order
* The total number of elements printed by dump operations does not exceed $1,000,000$

Input

The input is given in the following format.


$q$
$query_1$
$query_2$
:
$query_q$


Each query $query_i$ is given by


0 $key$ $x$


or


1 $key$


or


2 $key$


or


3 $L$ $R$


where the first digits 0, 1, 2 and 3 represent insert, get, delete and dump operations.

Output

For each get operation, print the corresponding value.
For each dump operation, print the corresponding elements formed by a pair of the key and the value. For the dump operation, print the elements (a pair of key and value separated by a space character) in ascending order of the keys.

Example

Input

9
0 blue 4
0 red 1
0 white 5
1 red
1 blue
2 red
1 black
1 red
3 w z


Output

1
4
0
0
white 5
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i,j,k) for(int i = (int)j;i <= (int)k;i ++)
#define debug(x) cerr<<#x<<":"<<x<<endl
const int maxn=(int)1e6+5;
map<string,int> mp;
int main(){
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0);cout.tie(0);
    int q;cin>>q;while(q--){
        int op;cin>>op;
        if(op==3){
            string l,r;
            cin>>l>>r;
            auto ed=mp.upper_bound(r);
            for(auto it=mp.lower_bound(l);it!=ed;it++){
                cout<<it->first<<' '<<it->second<<endl;
            }
        }else{
            string s;cin>>s;
            if(op==0){
                int x;cin>>x;
                mp[s]=x;
            }
            if(op==1)cout<<(mp.count(s)?mp[s]:0)<<endl;
            if(op==2)mp.erase(s);
        }
        
    }
}
/* 
- insert(keykey, xx): Insert an element formed by a pair of keykey and xx to MM.
- get(keykey): Print the value with the specified keykey. Print 0 if there is no such element.
- delete(keykey): Delete the element with the specified keykey.
- dump(LL, RR): Print all elements formed by a pair of the key and the value such that the key is greater than or equal to LL and less than or equal to RR in lexicographic order..
 9
0 blue 4
0 red 1
0 white 5
1 red
1 blue
2 red
1 black
1 red
3 w z
 */

