You are given an array consisting of n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n. Initially a_x = 1, all other elements are equal to 0.

You have to perform m operations. During the i-th operation, you choose two indices c and d such that l_i ≤ c, d ≤ r_i, and swap a_c and a_d.

Calculate the number of indices k such that it is possible to choose the operations so that a_k = 1 in the end.

Input

The first line contains a single integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of test cases. Then the description of t testcases follow.

The first line of each test case contains three integers n, x and m (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^9; 1 ≤ m ≤ 100; 1 ≤ x ≤ n).

Each of next m lines contains the descriptions of the operations; the i-th line contains two integers l_i and r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n).

Output

For each test case print one integer — the number of indices k such that it is possible to choose the operations so that a_k = 1 in the end.

Example

Input


3
6 4 3
1 6
2 3
5 5
4 1 2
2 4
1 2
3 3 2
2 3
1 2


Output


6
2
3

Note

In the first test case, it is possible to achieve a_k = 1 for every k. To do so, you may use the following operations:

  1. swap a_k and a_4; 
  2. swap a_2 and a_2; 
  3. swap a_5 and a_5. 



In the second test case, only k = 1 and k = 2 are possible answers. To achieve a_1 = 1, you have to swap a_1 and a_1 during the second operation. To achieve a_2 = 1, you have to swap a_1 and a_2 during the second operation.
import java.util.*;		
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.io.*;
import java.math.*;
public class Main12{
	static public void main(String args[])throws IOException{
		int tt=i();
		StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
		for(int ttt=1;ttt<=tt;ttt++){
			int n=i();
			int x=i();
			int m=i();
			int[] l=new int[m];
			int[] r=new int[m];
			HashSet<Pair> hash=new HashSet<>();
			for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
				l[i]=i();
				r[i]=i();
				Pair p=new Pair(l[i],r[i]);
				if(x>=l[i] && x<=r[i]){
					hash.add(p);
				}else{
					Iterator itr=hash.iterator();
					while(itr.hasNext()){
						Pair p1=(Pair)itr.next();
						int xx=p1.start;
						int yy=p1.end;
						if((l[i]>=xx && l[i]<=yy) || (r[i]>=xx && r[i]<=yy)){
							hash.add(p);
							break;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			if(hash.size()==0){
				sb.append("1\n");
			}else{
			Pair[] arr=new Pair[hash.size()];
			Iterator itr=hash.iterator();
			int k=0;
			ArrayList<Pair> intervals=new ArrayList<>();
			while(itr.hasNext()){
				Pair p1=(Pair)itr.next();
				int xx=p1.start;
				int yy=p1.end;
				intervals.add(new Pair(xx,yy));
			}
			Collections.sort(intervals,new Comparator<Pair>()
			{
			   public int compare(Pair p1, Pair p2)
			   {
				   if(p1.start>p2.start)
					{
						return 1;
					}
					else if(p1.start<p2.start)
					{
						return -1;
					}
					else
					{
						if(p1.end>p2.end)
							return 1;
						else
							return -1;
					}
			   }
			});
			int n1=intervals.size();
			ArrayList<Integer> tmp=new ArrayList<>();
			for(int i=0;i<n1-1;i++)
			{
				if(intervals.get(i).end>=intervals.get(i+1).start)
				{
					intervals.get(i+1).start=intervals.get(i).start;
					intervals.get(i+1).end=Math.max(intervals.get(i).end,intervals.get(i+1).end);
				}
				else
				{
					tmp.add(i);
				}
			}
			tmp.add(n1-1);
			ArrayList<Pair> ar=new ArrayList<>();
			for(int i=0;i<tmp.size();i++)
			{
				ar.add(intervals.get(tmp.get(i)));
			}
		long ans=0;
			for(int i=0;i<ar.size();i++){
				ans=ans+ar.get(i).end-ar.get(i).start+1;
			}
			sb.append(ans+"\n");}
		}
		System.out.print(sb.toString());
	}
	static InputReader in=new InputReader(System.in);
	static OutputWriter out=new OutputWriter(System.out);
	static ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> graph;
	static int mod=1000000007;
	static class Pair{
		int start;
		int end;
		Pair(int x,int y){
			start=x;
			end=y;
		}
	/*	@Override
		public int hashCode() 
		{ 
			final int temp = 14; 
			int ans = 1; 
			ans =x*31+y*13; 
			return (int)ans;
		}*/ 
   /*    @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) 
        { 
            if (this == o) { 
                return true; 
            } 
            if (o == null) { 
                return false; 
            } 
            if (this.getClass() != o.getClass()) { 
                return false; 
            } 
            Pair other = (Pair)o; 
            if (this.x != other.x || this.y!=other.y) { 
                return false; 
            } 
            return true; 
        }*/
	}
	public static int[] sort(int[] a){
		int n=a.length;
		ArrayList<Integer> ar=new ArrayList<>();
		for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){
			ar.add(a[i]);
		}
		Collections.sort(ar);
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			a[i]=ar.get(i);
		}
		return a;
	}
	public static long pow(long a, long b){
        long result=1;
        while(b>0){
            if (b % 2 != 0){
                result=(result*a)%mod;
                b--;
            } 
            a=(a*a)%mod;
            b /= 2;
        }   
        return result;
    }
	public static long gcd(long a, long b){
        if (a == 0){
            return b;
		}
        return gcd(b%a, a);
    }
	public static long lcm(long a, long b){
		return a*(b/gcd(a,b));
	}
	public static long l(){
		String s=in.String();
		return Long.parseLong(s);
	}
	public static void pln(String value){
		System.out.println(value);
	}
	public static int i(){
		return in.Int();
	}
	public static String s(){
		return in.String();
	}
}
class InputReader 
{
	private InputStream stream;
	private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
	private int curChar;
	private int numChars;
	private SpaceCharFilter filter;
	public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
		this.stream = stream;
	}
	public int read() {
		if (numChars== -1)
			throw new InputMismatchException();
		if (curChar >= numChars) {
			curChar = 0;
			try {
				numChars = stream.read(buf);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			}
			if (numChars <= 0)
				return -1;
		}
		return buf[curChar++];
	}
	public int Int() {
		int c = read();
		while (isSpaceChar(c))
			c = read();
		int sgn = 1;
		if (c == '-') {
			sgn = -1;
			c = read();
		}
		int res = 0;
		do {
			if (c < '0' || c > '9')
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			res *= 10;
			res += c - '0';
			c = read();
		} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
		return res * sgn;
	}
	public String String() {
		int c = read();
		while (isSpaceChar(c))
			c = read();
		StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
		do {
			res.appendCodePoint(c);
			c = read();
		} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
		return res.toString();
	} 
	public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
		if (filter != null)
			return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
		return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
	} 
	public String next() {
		return String();
	} 
	public interface SpaceCharFilter {
		public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
	}
}
class OutputWriter {
	private final PrintWriter writer;
	public OutputWriter(OutputStream outputStream) {
		writer = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream)));
	}
	public OutputWriter(Writer writer) {
		this.writer = new PrintWriter(writer);
	}
	public void print(Object...objects) {
		for (int i = 0; i < objects.length; i++) {
			if (i != 0)
				writer.print(' ');
			writer.print(objects[i]);
		}
	}
	public void printLine(Object...objects) {
		print(objects);
		writer.println();
	}
	public void close() {
		writer.close();
	}
	public void flush() {
		writer.flush();
	}
 }
class IOUtils {
	public static int[] readIntArray(InputReader in, int size) {
		int[] array = new int[size];
		for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
			array[i] = in.Int();
		return array;
	}
} 
