You are given an undirected tree consisting of n vertices. An undirected tree is a connected undirected graph with n - 1 edges.

Your task is to add the minimum number of edges in such a way that the length of the shortest path from the vertex 1 to any other vertex is at most 2. Note that you are not allowed to add loops and multiple edges.

Input

The first line contains one integer n (2 ≤ n ≤ 2 ⋅ 10^5) — the number of vertices in the tree.

The following n - 1 lines contain edges: edge i is given as a pair of vertices u_i, v_i (1 ≤ u_i, v_i ≤ n). It is guaranteed that the given edges form a tree. It is guaranteed that there are no loops and multiple edges in the given edges.

Output

Print a single integer — the minimum number of edges you have to add in order to make the shortest distance from the vertex 1 to any other vertex at most 2. Note that you are not allowed to add loops and multiple edges.

Examples

Input

7
1 2
2 3
2 4
4 5
4 6
5 7


Output

2


Input

7
1 2
1 3
2 4
2 5
3 6
1 7


Output

0


Input

7
1 2
2 3
3 4
3 5
3 6
3 7


Output

1

Note

The tree corresponding to the first example: <image> The answer is 2, some of the possible answers are the following: [(1, 5), (1, 6)], [(1, 4), (1, 7)], [(1, 6), (1, 7)].

The tree corresponding to the second example: <image> The answer is 0.

The tree corresponding to the third example: <image> The answer is 1, only one possible way to reach it is to add the edge (1, 3).
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        new Main().go();
    }

    PrintWriter out;
    Reader in;
    BufferedReader br;

    Main() throws IOException {

        try {

            //br = new BufferedReader( new FileReader("input.txt") );
            //in = new Reader("input.txt");
            in = new Reader("input.txt");
            out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("output.txt")) );
        }
        catch (Exception e) {

            //br = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader( System.in ) );
            in = new Reader();
            out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out)) );
        }
    }

    void go() throws Exception {

        //int t = in.nextInt();
        int t = 1;
        while (t > 0) {
            solve();
            t--;
        }

        out.flush();
        out.close();
    }


    int inf = 2000000000;
    int mod = 1000000007;
    double eps = 0.000000001;

    int n;
    int m;

    TreeSet<Integer>[] g = new TreeSet[200000];
    int[] a;
    int[] d = new int[200000];

    void solve() throws IOException {

        int n = in.nextInt();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            g[i] = new TreeSet<>();
        LinkedList<Integer> leafs = new LinkedList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
            int x = in.nextInt() - 1;
            int y = in.nextInt() - 1;
            g[x].add(y);
            g[y].add(x);
        }

        dfs(0, -1);

        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
            if (g[i].size() == 1)
                leafs.add(i);
        }

        int ans = 0;
        while (!leafs.isEmpty()) {
            int v = leafs.poll();
            if (g[v].size() == 0) {
                if (d[v] > 2) {
                    d[v] = 0;
                    ans++;
                }
                continue;
            }

            int p = g[v].first();
            g[p].remove(v);
            if (d[v] > 2) {
                if (d[p] > 1) {
                    d[p] = 1;
                    d[v] = 2;
                    ans++;
                }
            }

            if (d[v] == 1)
                d[p] = Math.min(d[p], 2);

            if (g[p].size() == 1)
                leafs.add(p);
        }

        out.println(ans);
    }

    void dfs(int v, int p) {
        for (int u : g[v])
            if (u != p) {
                d[u] = d[v] + 1;
                dfs(u, v);
            }
    }

    class Pair implements Comparable<Pair>{

        int a;
        int b;

        Pair(int a, int b) {

            this.a = a;
            this.b = b;
        }

        public int compareTo(Pair p) {
            if (a != p.a)
                return Integer.compare(a, p.a);
            else
                return Integer.compare(b, p.b);
        }
    }

    class Item {

        int a;
        int b;
        int c;

        Item(int a, int b, int c) {
            this.a = a;
            this.b = b;
            this.c = c;
        }

    }


    class Reader {

        BufferedReader  br;
        StringTokenizer tok;

        Reader(String file) throws IOException {
            br = new BufferedReader( new FileReader(file) );
        }

        Reader() throws IOException {
            br = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in) );
        }

        String next() throws IOException {

            while (tok == null || !tok.hasMoreElements())
                tok = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
            return tok.nextToken();
        }

        int nextInt() throws NumberFormatException, IOException {
            return Integer.valueOf(next());
        }

        long nextLong() throws NumberFormatException, IOException {
            return Long.valueOf(next());
        }

        double nextDouble() throws NumberFormatException, IOException {
            return Double.valueOf(next());
        }


        String nextLine() throws IOException {
            return br.readLine();
        }

    }

    static class InputReader
    {
        final private int BUFFER_SIZE = 1 << 16;
        private DataInputStream din;
        private byte[] buffer;
        private int bufferPointer, bytesRead;

        public InputReader()
        {
            din = new DataInputStream(System.in);
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public InputReader(String file_name) throws IOException
        {
            din = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file_name));
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public String readLine() throws IOException
        {
            byte[] buf = new byte[64]; // line length
            int cnt = 0, c;
            while ((c = read()) != -1)
            {
                if (c == '\n')
                    break;
                buf[cnt++] = (byte) c;
            }
            return new String(buf, 0, cnt);
        }

        public int nextInt() throws IOException
        {
            int ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();
            do
            {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            }  while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public long nextLong() throws IOException
        {
            long ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();
            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            }
            while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');
            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public double nextDouble() throws IOException
        {
            double ret = 0, div = 1;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();

            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            }
            while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (c == '.')
            {
                while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9')
                {
                    ret += (c - '0') / (div *= 10);
                }
            }

            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        private void fillBuffer() throws IOException
        {
            bytesRead = din.read(buffer, bufferPointer = 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
            if (bytesRead == -1)
                buffer[0] = -1;
        }

        private byte read() throws IOException
        {
            if (bufferPointer == bytesRead)
                fillBuffer();
            return buffer[bufferPointer++];
        }

        public void close() throws IOException
        {
            if (din == null)
                return;
            din.close();
        }
    }

} 