There are n cities and m roads in Berland. Each road connects a pair of cities. The roads in Berland are one-way.

What is the minimum number of new roads that need to be built to make all the cities reachable from the capital?

New roads will also be one-way.

Input

The first line of input consists of three integers n, m and s (1 ≤ n ≤ 5000, 0 ≤ m ≤ 5000, 1 ≤ s ≤ n) — the number of cities, the number of roads and the index of the capital. Cities are indexed from 1 to n.

The following m lines contain roads: road i is given as a pair of cities u_i, v_i (1 ≤ u_i, v_i ≤ n, u_i ≠ v_i). For each pair of cities (u, v), there can be at most one road from u to v. Roads in opposite directions between a pair of cities are allowed (i.e. from u to v and from v to u).

Output

Print one integer — the minimum number of extra roads needed to make all the cities reachable from city s. If all the cities are already reachable from s, print 0.

Examples

Input

9 9 1
1 2
1 3
2 3
1 5
5 6
6 1
1 8
9 8
7 1


Output

3


Input

5 4 5
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 1


Output

1

Note

The first example is illustrated by the following:

<image>

For example, you can add roads (6, 4), (7, 9), (1, 7) to make all the cities reachable from s = 1.

The second example is illustrated by the following:

<image>

In this example, you can add any one of the roads (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4) to make all the cities reachable from s = 5.
import  java.util.*;
import  java.io.*;
public class codeforces {
    static PrintWriter pw=new PrintWriter(System.out);
    static  ArrayList<Integer>[] list;
    static  ArrayList<pair> arr;
    static  boolean [] visited,bad;
    static  int c;
    static  void dfs(int u){
        visited[u]=true;
        for(int v:list[u])
            if(!visited[v]) dfs(v);
    }
    static void dfs2(int u){
        bad[u]=true;
        c++;
        for(int v:list[u])
            if(!visited[v] && !bad[v]) dfs2(v);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        int x=sc.nextInt(); int t=sc.nextInt(); int cap=sc.nextInt();
        list =new ArrayList[x+1];
        for(int i=1;i<=x;i++)list[i]=new ArrayList<>();
        visited =new boolean[x+1];
       // bad=new boolean[x+1];
        while(t-->0){
            list[sc.nextInt()].add(sc.nextInt());
        }
        dfs(cap);
         arr=new ArrayList<pair>();
        for(int i=1;i<=x;i++){
            if(!visited[i]){
                c=0;
                bad=new boolean[x+1];
                dfs2(i);
                arr.add(new pair(c,i));
            }
        }
        Collections.sort(arr);
        int count=0;
        for(pair z:arr){
            if(!visited[z.y]){
                count++; dfs(z.y);
            }
        }
        pw.println(count);
        pw.flush();
        pw.close();
    }
    static  class  pair implements  Comparable<pair>{
        int x, y;
        public  pair (int x,int y){
            this.x=x; this.y=y;
        }
        public  int compareTo(pair o){
            if(x==o.x) return y-o.y;
            return  o.x-x;
        }
        public  String toString(){
            return  x+" "+y;
        }
    }
    static class InputReader {

        private InputStream in;
        private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        private int curbuf;
        private int lenbuf;

        public InputReader(InputStream in) {
            this.in = in;
            this.curbuf = this.lenbuf = 0;
        }

        public boolean hasNextByte() {
            if (curbuf >= lenbuf) {
                curbuf = 0;
                try {
                    lenbuf = in.read(buffer);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                if (lenbuf <= 0)
                    return false;
            }
            return true;
        }

        private int readByte() {
            if (hasNextByte())
                return buffer[curbuf++];
            else
                return -1;
        }

        private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
            return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126);
        }

        private void skip() {
            while (hasNextByte() && isSpaceChar(buffer[curbuf]))
                curbuf++;
        }

        public boolean hasNext() {
            skip();
            return hasNextByte();
        }

        public String next() {
            if (!hasNext())
                throw new NoSuchElementException();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            int b = readByte();
            while (!isSpaceChar(b)) {
                sb.appendCodePoint(b);
                b = readByte();
            }
            return sb.toString();
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            if (!hasNext())
                throw new NoSuchElementException();
            int c = readByte();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = readByte();
            boolean minus = false;
            if (c == '-') {
                minus = true;
                c = readByte();
            }
            int res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res = res * 10 + c - '0';
                c = readByte();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return (minus) ? -res : res;
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            if (!hasNext())
                throw new NoSuchElementException();
            int c = readByte();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = readByte();
            boolean minus = false;
            if (c == '-') {
                minus = true;
                c = readByte();
            }
            long res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res = res * 10 + c - '0';
                c = readByte();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return (minus) ? -res : res;
        }

        public double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
            int[] a = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextInt();
            return a;
        }

        public long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
            long[] a = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextLong();
            return a;
        }

    }

}
