There are n cities and m roads in Berland. Each road connects a pair of cities. The roads in Berland are one-way.

What is the minimum number of new roads that need to be built to make all the cities reachable from the capital?

New roads will also be one-way.

Input

The first line of input consists of three integers n, m and s (1 ≤ n ≤ 5000, 0 ≤ m ≤ 5000, 1 ≤ s ≤ n) — the number of cities, the number of roads and the index of the capital. Cities are indexed from 1 to n.

The following m lines contain roads: road i is given as a pair of cities u_i, v_i (1 ≤ u_i, v_i ≤ n, u_i ≠ v_i). For each pair of cities (u, v), there can be at most one road from u to v. Roads in opposite directions between a pair of cities are allowed (i.e. from u to v and from v to u).

Output

Print one integer — the minimum number of extra roads needed to make all the cities reachable from city s. If all the cities are already reachable from s, print 0.

Examples

Input

9 9 1
1 2
1 3
2 3
1 5
5 6
6 1
1 8
9 8
7 1


Output

3


Input

5 4 5
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 1


Output

1

Note

The first example is illustrated by the following:

<image>

For example, you can add roads (6, 4), (7, 9), (1, 7) to make all the cities reachable from s = 1.

The second example is illustrated by the following:

<image>

In this example, you can add any one of the roads (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4) to make all the cities reachable from s = 5.

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.BitSet;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import java.util.TreeSet;

/**
 * #
 * @author pttrung
 */
public class E_Round_490_Div3 {

    public static long MOD = 1000000007;
    static int index = 0, com = 0;
    static int[] cur, min;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {
        // PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream(new File(
        // "output.txt")));
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        Scanner in = new Scanner();
        int n = in.nextInt();
        int m = in.nextInt();
        int s = in.nextInt() - 1;
        ArrayList<Integer>[] map = new ArrayList[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            map[i] = new ArrayList();
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
            int u = in.nextInt() - 1;
            int v = in.nextInt() - 1;
            map[u].add(v);

        }

        int[] u = new int[n];
        cur = new int[n];
        min = new int[n];
        Arrays.fill(cur, -1);
        boolean[] stack = new boolean[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (cur[i] == -1) {
                cal(i, stack, new Stack(), u, map);
            }
        }
        //System.out.println(com + " " + Arrays.toString(u));
        boolean[] check = new boolean[n];
        boolean[] re = new boolean[com];
        LinkedList<Integer> q = new LinkedList();
        q.add(s);
        check[s] = true;
        re[u[s]] = true;
        while (!q.isEmpty()) {
            int node = q.pollFirst();
            for (int i : map[node]) {
                if (!check[i]) {
                    check[i] = true;
                    re[u[i]] = true;
                    q.add(i);
                }
            }
        }
        boolean[] mark = new boolean[com];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            for (int j : map[i]) {
                if (u[i] != u[j]) {
                    mark[u[j]] = true;
                }
            }
        }

        int result = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < com; i++) {
            if (!re[i] && !mark[i]) {
                result++;
            }
        }
        out.println(result);
        out.close();
    }

    public static void cal(int node, boolean[] stack, Stack<Integer> s, int[] u, ArrayList<Integer>[] map) {
        cur[node] = min[node] = index++;
        stack[node] = true;
        s.add(node);
        for (int i : map[node]) {
            if (cur[i] == -1) {
                cal(i, stack, s, u, map);
                min[node] = Integer.min(min[node], min[i]);
            } else if (stack[i]) {
                min[node] = Integer.min(min[node], min[i]);
            }
        }

        if (cur[node] == min[node]) {
            while (s.peek() != node) {
                int v = s.pop();
                stack[v] = false;
                u[v] = com;
            }
            stack[node] = false;
            u[s.pop()] = com;
            com++;
        }

    }

    public static int[] KMP(String val) {
        int i = 0;
        int j = -1;
        int[] result = new int[val.length() + 1];
        result[0] = -1;
        while (i < val.length()) {
            while (j >= 0 && val.charAt(j) != val.charAt(i)) {
                j = result[j];
            }
            j++;
            i++;
            result[i] = j;
        }
        return result;

    }

    public static boolean nextPer(int[] data) {
        int i = data.length - 1;
        while (i > 0 && data[i] < data[i - 1]) {
            i--;
        }
        if (i == 0) {
            return false;
        }
        int j = data.length - 1;
        while (data[j] < data[i - 1]) {
            j--;
        }
        int temp = data[i - 1];
        data[i - 1] = data[j];
        data[j] = temp;
        Arrays.sort(data, i, data.length);
        return true;
    }

    public static int digit(long n) {
        int result = 0;
        while (n > 0) {
            n /= 10;
            result++;
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static double dist(long a, long b, long x, long y) {
        double val = (b - a) * (b - a) + (x - y) * (x - y);
        val = Math.sqrt(val);
        double other = x * x + a * a;
        other = Math.sqrt(other);
        return val + other;

    }

    public static class Point implements Comparable<Point> {

        int x, y;

        public Point(int start, int end) {
            this.x = start;
            this.y = end;
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            int hash = 5;
            hash = 47 * hash + this.x;
            hash = 47 * hash + this.y;
            return hash;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
            if (obj == null) {
                return false;
            }
            if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
                return false;
            }
            final Point other = (Point) obj;
            if (this.x != other.x) {
                return false;
            }
            if (this.y != other.y) {
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public int compareTo(Point o) {
            return Integer.compare(x, o.x);
        }
    }

    public static class FT {

        long[] data;

        FT(int n) {
            data = new long[n];
        }

        public void update(int index, long value) {
            while (index < data.length) {
                data[index] += value;
                index += (index & (-index));
            }
        }

        public long get(int index) {
            long result = 0;
            while (index > 0) {
                result += data[index];
                index -= (index & (-index));
            }
            return result;

        }
    }

    public static long gcd(long a, long b) {
        if (b == 0) {
            return a;
        }
        return gcd(b, a % b);
    }

    public static long pow(long a, long b, long MOD) {
        if (b == 0) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (b == 1) {
            return a;
        }
        long val = pow(a, b / 2, MOD);
        if (b % 2 == 0) {
            return val * val % MOD;
        } else {
            return val * (val * a % MOD) % MOD;

        }
    }

    static class Scanner {

        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public Scanner() throws FileNotFoundException {
            // System.setOut(new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(System.out), true));
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            //  br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(new File("input.txt"))));
        }

        public String next() {

            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        public double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        public String nextLine() {
            st = null;
            try {
                return br.readLine();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException();
            }
        }

        public boolean endLine() {
            try {
                String next = br.readLine();
                while (next != null && next.trim().isEmpty()) {
                    next = br.readLine();
                }
                if (next == null) {
                    return true;
                }
                st = new StringTokenizer(next);
                return st.hasMoreTokens();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException();
            }
        }
    }
}
