You are given an array consisting of n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n. Initially a_x = 1, all other elements are equal to 0.

You have to perform m operations. During the i-th operation, you choose two indices c and d such that l_i ≤ c, d ≤ r_i, and swap a_c and a_d.

Calculate the number of indices k such that it is possible to choose the operations so that a_k = 1 in the end.

Input

The first line contains a single integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of test cases. Then the description of t testcases follow.

The first line of each test case contains three integers n, x and m (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^9; 1 ≤ m ≤ 100; 1 ≤ x ≤ n).

Each of next m lines contains the descriptions of the operations; the i-th line contains two integers l_i and r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n).

Output

For each test case print one integer — the number of indices k such that it is possible to choose the operations so that a_k = 1 in the end.

Example

Input


3
6 4 3
1 6
2 3
5 5
4 1 2
2 4
1 2
3 3 2
2 3
1 2


Output


6
2
3

Note

In the first test case, it is possible to achieve a_k = 1 for every k. To do so, you may use the following operations:

  1. swap a_k and a_4; 
  2. swap a_2 and a_2; 
  3. swap a_5 and a_5. 



In the second test case, only k = 1 and k = 2 are possible answers. To achieve a_1 = 1, you have to swap a_1 and a_1 during the second operation. To achieve a_2 = 1, you have to swap a_1 and a_2 during the second operation.
	import java.util.*;


import java.io.*;
	import java.math.*;
	import java.awt.geom.*;
	 
	import static java.lang.Math.*;
	 
	 public class Solution implements Runnable {
		
		 int mod1=(int)1e9+7;
		 int mod2=998244353;
	     
		 public void solve() throws Exception {
			 int t=sc.nextInt();
			 while(t-->0)
			 {
				int n=sc.nextInt();
				int x=sc.nextInt();
				int m=sc.nextInt();
				int start=x;
				int end=x;
				while(m-->0)
				{
					int l=sc.nextInt();
					int r=sc.nextInt();
					if((start>=l && start<=r) || (end>=l && end<=r))
					{
						start=Math.min(start, l);
						end=Math.max(end, r);
					}
				}
				out.println(end-start+1);
				
				
			 }
				
				
				
		 }
				
		 
	    
	    static long power(long x, long y, long p) 
	    { 
	       
	        long res = 1;      
	       
	        x = x % p;  
	  
	       if (x == 0) return 0;    
	  
	        while (y > 0) 
	        { 
	            if((y & 1)==1) 
	                res = (res * x) % p; 
	            y = y >> 1;  
	            x = (x * x) % p;  
	        } 
	        return res; 
	    } 
	    
	    		
	    
	    
	    
	    
	    
	    static Throwable uncaught;
	 
	    BufferedReader in;
	    FastScanner sc;
	    PrintWriter out;
	 
	    @Override
	    public void run() {
	        try {
	            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
	            out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
	            sc = new FastScanner(in);
	            solve();
	        } catch (Throwable uncaught) {
	            Solution.uncaught = uncaught;
	        } finally {
	            out.close();
	        }
	    }
	 
	    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
	        Thread thread = new Thread(null, new Solution(), "", (1 << 26));
	        thread.start();
	        thread.join();
	        if (Solution.uncaught != null) {
	            throw Solution.uncaught;
	        }
	    }
	 
	}
	 
	class FastScanner {
	 
	    BufferedReader in;
	    StringTokenizer st;
	 
	    public FastScanner(BufferedReader in) {
	        this.in = in;
	    }
	 
	    public String nextToken() throws Exception {
	        while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens()) {
	            st = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine());
	        }
	        return st.nextToken();
	    }
	 
	    public int nextInt() throws Exception {
	        return Integer.parseInt(nextToken());
	    }
	    
	    public int[] readArray(int n) throws Exception {
			int[] a=new int[n];
			for (int i=0; i<n; i++) a[i]=nextInt();
			return a;
		}
	 
	    public long nextLong() throws Exception {
	        return Long.parseLong(nextToken());
	    }
	 
	    public double nextDouble() throws Exception {
	        return Double.parseDouble(nextToken());
	    }
	 
	}