Datasets:

usc-isi

/

WikiConvert

like 5

Follow

USC Information Sciences Institute 15

150

The Apollo 8 crew were the first humans to pass through the Van Allen radiation belts, which extend up to 15000 miles from Earth.

154

The Apollo 8 crew used a 2 kilograms camera that broadcast in black-and-white only, using a Vidicon tube.

157

At exactly 61 hours after launch, about 24200 miles from the Moon, the crew burned the RCS for 11 seconds.

158

They would now pass 71 miles from the lunar surface.

159

By the end of the mission, the crew had taken over eight hundred 70 mm still photographs and 700 feet of 16 mm movie film.

162

As they were buffeted by a 10 feet swell, Borman was sick, waiting for the three flotation balloons to right the spacecraft.

163

The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) Sporting Code for astronautics recognizes only flights that exceed the Kármán line, at an altitude of 100 kilometers . [

164

https://www.fai.org/sites/default/files/documents/sporting_code_section_8_edition_2009.pdf FAI Sporting Code, Section 8, Paragraph 2.18.1] In the United States, professional, military, and commercial astronauts who travel above an altitude of 50 miles are awarded astronaut wings.

165

As of 2016 November 17 , a total of 552 people from 36 countries have reached 100 kilometers or more in altitude, of whom 549 reached low Earth orbit or beyond.

166

As of 2016 November 17 , under the U.S. definition, 558 people qualify as having reached space, above 50 miles altitude.

167

Of eight X-15 pilots who exceeded 50 miles in altitude, only one exceeded 100 kilometers (about 62 miles).

168

The farthest distance from Earth an astronaut has traveled was 401056 kilometers , when Jim Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise went around the Moon during the Apollo 13 emergency.

169

A month later, Joseph Albert Walker became the first American civilian in space when his X-15 Flight 90 crossed the 100 kilometers line, qualifying him by the international definition of spaceflight.

170

An astronaut on the International Space Station requires about 830 grams mass of food inclusive of food packaging per meal each day. (

171

The packaging mass for each meal is about 120 grams ) Longer-duration missions require more food.

174

The United States Air Force also presents an Astronaut Badge to its pilots who exceed 50 miles in altitude.

176

The aardvark has a long, thin, snakelike, protruding tongue (as much as 30 cms long) and elaborate structures supporting a keen sense of smell.

177

They have been documented as high as 3200 meters in Ethiopia.

178

When successful, the aardvark's long (up to 30 cms ) tongue licks up the insects; the termites' biting, or the ants' stinging attacks are rendered futile by the tough skin.

179

After this period of watchfulness, it will bound out and within seconds it will be 10 meters away.

180

Main burrows can be deep and extensive, have several entrances and can be as long as 13 meters .

182

If their territory is infringed upon, they will chase the intruder up to 400 meters or to the border.

183

The territory is marked by both sexes, as they both have developed anal glands from which they extrude a black substance that is smeared on rocks or grass stalks in 5 mm -long streaks.

184

If they are patrolling their territorial boundaries, the marking frequency increases drastically, to once every 50 meters .

185

The maximum sizes can reach up to 100 pounds ; above this weight it becomes difficult to move the pieces, and it is preferred to ram the mud in situ, resulting in a different typology known as rammed earth.

186

Following each individual brick should be a layer of adobe mortar, recommended to be at least 1.0 inches thick to make certain there is ample strength between the brick's edges and also to provide a relative moisture barrier during rain.

187

Asia covers an area of 44579000 sqkm , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area.

188

It covers 9% of the Earth's total surface area (or 30% of its land area), and has the longest coastline, at 62800 kilometers .

191

It has a land area of 179 sqkm and is densely populated, with a total of 101,484 inhabitants at the 2010 Census.

195

Yearly rainfall barely exceeds 470 mm in Oranjestad, although it is extremely variable Dewar, Robert E. and Wallis, James R; 'Geographical patterning in interannual rainfall variability in the tropics and near tropics: An L-moments approach'; in Journal of Climate, 12; pp.

196

3457–3466 and can range from as little as during strong El Niño years (e.g. 1911/1912, 1930/1931, 1982/1983, 1997/1998) to over 1000 mm in La Niña years like 1933/1934, 1970/1971 or 1988/1989.

197

Most notable are those from Venezuela, which lies just 18 miles to the south.

198

Average daily consumption in Aruba is about 37000 long tons .

199

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans, with an area of about 106460000 sqkm .

205

It runs from 87°N or 300 kilometers south of the North Pole to the subantarctic Bouvet Island at 54°S.

206

The MAR reaches above 2000 meters along most of its length, but is interrupted by larger transform faults at two places: the Romanche Trench near the Equator and the Gibbs Fracture Zone at 53°N. The MAR is a barrier for bottom water, but at these two transform faults deep water currents can pass from one side to the other.

207

The depth of water at the apex of the ridge is less than 2700 meters in most places, while the bottom of the ridge is three times as deep.

211

The Sargasso Sea in the western North Atlantic can be defined as the area where two species of Sargassum (S. fluitans and natans) float, an area 4000 kilometers wide and encircled by the Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Drift, and North Equatorial Current.

214

The Ertebølle middens in Denmark, for example, accumulated 2000 meters cube of shell deposits representing some 50 million molluscs over only a thousand years.

215

Iceland was initially settled 865–930 CE following a warm period when winter temperatures hovered around 2 Coulomb which made farming favorable at high latitudes.

216

This did not last, however, and temperatures quickly dropped; at 1080 CE summer temperatures had reached a maximum of 5 Coulomb .

217

At 481321 sqmi , Angola is the world's twenty-third largest country - comparable in size to Mali, or twice the size of France or of Texas.

222

A study of this sector, presented at the forum, said Angola had the first telecommunications operator in Africa to test LTE – with speeds up to 400 Mbit/s – and mobile penetration of about 75%; there are about 3.5 million smartphones in the Angolan market; There are about 25000 kilometers of optical fibre installed in the country.

231

He served in that role for more than five years, making six tours, and traveling more than 4000 miles annually on the Indian frontier of Texas.

232

Its area is about 660000 sqkm .

233

About 290 kilometers south of the capital is Calgary, the largest city in Alberta.

234

Alberta, with an area of 661848 sqkm , is the fourth-largest province after Quebec, Ontario and British Columbia.

238

The longest river in the province is the Athabasca River which travels 1538 kilometers from the Columbia Icefield in the Rocky Mountains to Lake Athabasca.

242

Alberta extends for over 1200 kilometers from north to south; its climate, therefore, varies considerably.

246

With a land area of 640330 sqkm , it had a population density of in 2016.

248

There are more than 9000 kilometers of operating mainline railway in Alberta.

250

One of the most scenic drives is along the Icefields Parkway, which runs for 228 kilometers between Jasper and Lake Louise, with mountain ranges and glaciers on either side of its entire length.

251

Another major corridor through central Alberta is Highway 11 (also known as the David Thompson Highway), which runs east from the Saskatchewan River Crossing in Banff National Park through Rocky Mountain House and Red Deer, connecting with Highway 12 20 kilometers west of Stettler.

253

Males are occasionally produced at temperatures below 19 °C and can fertilise eggs that are then spawned by the female.

254

Occupying 652000 sqkm , it is a mountainous country with plains in the north and southwest.

255

The country's highest point is Noshaq, at 7492 meters above sea level.

257

The lowest point lies in Jowzjan Province along the Amu River bank, at 258 meters above sea level.

258

At over 652230 sqkm , Afghanistan is the world's 41st largest country, slightly bigger than France and smaller than Burma, about the size of Texas in the United States.

260

The Khanashin carbonatite in Helmand Province contains 1000000 tonnes of rare earth elements.

262

About 125 kilometers of the line will lie on the Afghan side.

263

The most important road in Afghanistan is Highway 1, also called the Ring Road, which extends for 2210 kilometers and connects four major cities: Kabul, Ghazni, Kandahar, and Herat.

264

Geographically, the country displays varied climatic, geological, hydrological and morphological conditions, defined in an area of 28748 sqkm .

265

Albania is defined in an area of 28748 sqkm and located on the Balkan Peninsula in South and Southeast Europe.

269

The highest temperature of 43 °C was recorded in Kuçovë on 18 July 1973.

270

The lowest temperature of -29.0 °C was registered in the village of Shtyllë, Librazhd on 9 January 2017.

271

The average precipitation is about 1485 mm .

273

The Albanian Alps in the far north of the country are considered to be among the most humid regions of Europe, receiving at least 3100 mm of rain annually.

274

An expedition from the University of Colorado discovered four glaciers within these mountains at a relatively low altitude of 2000 meters , which is almost virtually for such a southerly latitude.

275

Encircled by numerous two-thousanders, Valbonë Valley National Park and Theth National Park cover a combined territory of 106 sqkm within the rugged Albanian Alps in northern Albania.

276

The sovereign state of Albania is a unitary state defined in a total area of 28748 sqkm .

278

The smallest county, by area, is Durrës County with an area of 766 sqkm in the west of Albania.

279

During the communist era, the production area expanded to some 20000 hectares .

280

Its coastline has a considerable length of 446 kilometers .

281

When all three corridors are completed, Albania will have an estimated 759 kilometers of highway linking it with all of its neighboring countries.

283

The exclave of Nakhchivan is bounded by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and has an 11 kilometers long border with Turkey in the northwest.

284

It lies between latitudes 38° and 42° N, and longitudes 44° and 51° E. The total length of Azerbaijan's land borders is 2648 kilometers , of which 1,007 kilometers are with Armenia, 756 kilometers with Iran, 480 kilometers with Georgia, 390 kilometers with Russia and 15 kilometers with Turkey.

287

However, only 24 of the 8,350 rivers are greater than 100 kilometers in length.

289

In terms of water supply, Azerbaijan is below the average in the world with approximately 100000 meters cube per year of water per square kilometer.

291

Alexander placed the phalanx at the center and cavalry and archers on the wings, so that his line matched the length of the Persian cavalry line, about 3 kilometers .

292

At the time of his death, Alexander's empire covered some 5200000 sqkm , Peter Turchin, Thomas D. Hall and Jonathan M. Adams, "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires ", Journal of World-Systems Research Vol.

293

253 Mathilde, a C-type asteroid measuring about 50 kilometers across, covered in craters half that size.

294

The sizes of asteroids varies greatly; the largest, Ceres, is almost 1000 kilometers across and massive enough to qualify as a dwarf planet.

295

Among all the surveys, 19,266 near-Earth asteroids have been discovered including almost 900 more than 1.0 kilometers in diameter.

296

http://www.iau.org/public/themes/pluto/ Questions and Answers on Planets], IAU Currently only the largest object in the asteroid belt, Ceres, at about 975 kilometers across, has been placed in the dwarf planet category.

297

Simulations and a discontinuity in spin rate and spectral properties suggest that asteroids larger than approximately 120 kilometers in diameter accreted during that early era, whereas smaller bodies are fragments from collisions between asteroids during or after the Jovian disruption.

298

This belt is now estimated to contain between 1.1 and 1.9 million asteroids larger than 1.0 kilometers in diameter,

299

The dwarf planet Ceres is by far the largest asteroid, with a diameter of 940 kilometers .

300

The next largest are 4 Vesta and 2 Pallas, both with diameters of just over 500 kilometers .

301

Features as small as 35 meters across can be seen.

302

On 13 December 2012, China's lunar orbiter Chang'e 2 flew within 2 miles of the asteroid 4179 Toutatis on an extended mission.

303

The average Delta Aquarid meteor is very slow, with an average velocity of 13 kilometers per second.

304

Although situated in one of the driest places of Turkey and surrounded mostly by steppe vegetation except for the forested areas on the southern periphery, Ankara can be considered a green city in terms of green areas per inhabitant, at 72 meters square per head.

305

The historical centre of town is a rocky hill rising 150 meters over the left bank of the Ankara Çayı, a tributary of the Sakarya River, the ancient Sangarius.

306

The city lies in USDA Hardiness zone 7b, and its annual average precipitation is fairly low at 388 mm , nevertheless precipitation can be observed throughout the year.

308

A 3 kilometers long gondola lift with four stations connects the district of Şentepe to the Yenimahalle metro station.

312

It is about 400 meters southeast of Ulus Square and situated in the Hacıdoğan neighbourhood.

313

In September 1940 the Hitchcocks bought the 200 acres Cornwall Ranch near Scotts Valley, California, in the Santa Cruz Mountains.

315

The sea's maximum depth is 3543 meters , located at a point east of Crete.

316

Amsterdam is about 2 meters below sea level.

317

Comprising 219 sqkm of land, the city proper has 4,457 inhabitants per km 2 and 2,275 houses per km 2 .