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gem-squad_v2-train-116000 | 5a8ddd0edf8bba001a0f9cc1 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in an interview: "I don't like that they're not calculating anything," he said. "I don't like that they don't check their ideas. I don't like that for anything that disagrees with an experiment, they cook up an explanation—a fix-up to say, 'Well, it still might be true.'" These words have since been much-quoted by opponents of the string-theoretic direction for particle physics. | What theories do Feynman diagrams not explain? | What theories do Feynman diagrams not explain? | [
"What theories do Feynman diagrams not explain?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116001 | 5a8ddd0edf8bba001a0f9cc2 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in an interview: "I don't like that they're not calculating anything," he said. "I don't like that they don't check their ideas. I don't like that for anything that disagrees with an experiment, they cook up an explanation—a fix-up to say, 'Well, it still might be true.'" These words have since been much-quoted by opponents of the string-theoretic direction for particle physics. | What 4 dimensional shape have Feynman diagrams been made into? | What 4 dimensional shape have Feynman diagrams been made into? | [
"What 4 dimensional shape have Feynman diagrams been made into?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116002 | 5a8ddd0edf8bba001a0f9cc3 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in an interview: "I don't like that they're not calculating anything," he said. "I don't like that they don't check their ideas. I don't like that for anything that disagrees with an experiment, they cook up an explanation—a fix-up to say, 'Well, it still might be true.'" These words have since been much-quoted by opponents of the string-theoretic direction for particle physics. | What angst did Feynman have against churchgoers? | What angst did Feynman have against churchgoers? | [
"What angst did Feynman have against churchgoers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116003 | 5a8ddd0edf8bba001a0f9cc4 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in an interview: "I don't like that they're not calculating anything," he said. "I don't like that they don't check their ideas. I don't like that for anything that disagrees with an experiment, they cook up an explanation—a fix-up to say, 'Well, it still might be true.'" These words have since been much-quoted by opponents of the string-theoretic direction for particle physics. | Which quote by Feynman is often used by religious opponents? | Which quote by Feynman is often used by religious opponents? | [
"Which quote by Feynman is often used by religious opponents?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116004 | 5a8ddd0edf8bba001a0f9cc5 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in an interview: "I don't like that they're not calculating anything," he said. "I don't like that they don't check their ideas. I don't like that for anything that disagrees with an experiment, they cook up an explanation—a fix-up to say, 'Well, it still might be true.'" These words have since been much-quoted by opponents of the string-theoretic direction for particle physics. | What kind of physics was Feynman least interested in? | What kind of physics was Feynman least interested in? | [
"What kind of physics was Feynman least interested in?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116005 | 572e8f2edfa6aa1500f8d133 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | Feyman's experience on the Rogers Commission was talked about is which of his books? | Feyman's experience on the Rogers Commission was talked about is which of his books? | [
"Feyman's experience on the Rogers Commission was talked about is which of his books?"
] | {
"text": [
"What Do You Care What Other People Think?"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116006 | 572e8f2edfa6aa1500f8d134 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | In which way did he write about his experience on the Rogers Commission? | In which way did he write about his experience on the Rogers Commission? | [
"In which way did he write about his experience on the Rogers Commission?"
] | {
"text": [
"sober narrative"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116007 | 572e8f2edfa6aa1500f8d135 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | His writings about the Rogers Commission showed that trouble was brewing between scientists and executives at which prolific institute? | His writings about the Rogers Commission showed that trouble was brewing between scientists and executives at which prolific institute? | [
"His writings about the Rogers Commission showed that trouble was brewing between scientists and executives at which prolific institute?"
] | {
"text": [
"NASA"
],
"answer_start": [
385
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116008 | 572e8f2edfa6aa1500f8d136 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | While the higher-ups said a failure was unlikely, at 1 in 100,000 odds, the scientists felt the odd were what? | While the higher-ups said a failure was unlikely, at 1 in 100,000 odds, the scientists felt the odd were what? | [
"While the higher-ups said a failure was unlikely, at 1 in 100,000 odds, the scientists felt the odd were what?"
] | {
"text": [
"1 in 200"
],
"answer_start": [
694
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116009 | 572e8f2edfa6aa1500f8d137 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | Who did NASA recruit by using flawed safety numbers? | Who did NASA recruit by using flawed safety numbers? | [
"Who did NASA recruit by using flawed safety numbers?"
] | {
"text": [
"Christa McAuliffe"
],
"answer_start": [
883
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116010 | 5a8dde3adf8bba001a0f9ccb | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | What book ignored Feynman's experience on the Rogers Commission? | What book ignored Feynman's experience on the Rogers Commission? | [
"What book ignored Feynman's experience on the Rogers Commission?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116011 | 5a8dde3adf8bba001a0f9ccc | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | Which way did he avoid writing about his experience on the Rogers Commission? | Which way did he avoid writing about his experience on the Rogers Commission? | [
"Which way did he avoid writing about his experience on the Rogers Commission?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116012 | 5a8dde3adf8bba001a0f9ccd | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | What managers claimed there was a 1 in 10,000 chance of catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle? | What managers claimed there was a 1 in 10,000 chance of catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle? | [
"What managers claimed there was a 1 in 10,000 chance of catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116013 | 5a8dde3adf8bba001a0f9cce | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | Who did NASA recruit while using accurate safety numbers? | Who did NASA recruit while using accurate safety numbers? | [
"Who did NASA recruit while using accurate safety numbers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116014 | 5a8dde3adf8bba001a0f9ccf | Richard_Feynman | Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled." | Who concluded that NASA management was fantastically realistic? | Who concluded that NASA management was fantastically realistic? | [
"Who concluded that NASA management was fantastically realistic?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116015 | 572e8fdecb0c0d14000f1298 | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | Which religious sect did Feynman refuse to be part of? | Which religious sect did Feynman refuse to be part of? | [
"Which religious sect did Feynman refuse to be part of?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jewish"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116016 | 572e8fdecb0c0d14000f1299 | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | Which book did Feynman decline to be listed in? | Which book did Feynman decline to be listed in? | [
"Which book did Feynman decline to be listed in?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116017 | 572e8fdecb0c0d14000f129a | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | What did Feynman believe that the Jewish people were not? | What did Feynman believe that the Jewish people were not? | [
"What did Feynman believe that the Jewish people were not?"
] | {
"text": [
"the chosen people"
],
"answer_start": [
627
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116018 | 572e8fdecb0c0d14000f129b | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | What religious affiliation did Feynman have? | What religious affiliation did Feynman have? | [
"What religious affiliation did Feynman have?"
] | {
"text": [
"atheist"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116019 | 572e8fdecb0c0d14000f129c | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | Feynman did not like to be listed in anything that labeled people by what standard? | Feynman did not like to be listed in anything that labeled people by what standard? | [
"Feynman did not like to be listed in anything that labeled people by what standard?"
] | {
"text": [
"race"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116020 | 5a8ddee1df8bba001a0f9cd5 | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | Which religious sect did Feynman agree to be part of? | Which religious sect did Feynman agree to be part of? | [
"Which religious sect did Feynman agree to be part of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116021 | 5a8ddee1df8bba001a0f9cd6 | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | Which book did Feynman demand to be listed in? | Which book did Feynman demand to be listed in? | [
"Which book did Feynman demand to be listed in?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116022 | 5a8ddee1df8bba001a0f9cd7 | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | What did Feynman believe that the Jewish people were? | What did Feynman believe that the Jewish people were? | [
"What did Feynman believe that the Jewish people were?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116023 | 5a8ddee1df8bba001a0f9cd8 | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | What religious affiliation did Feynman seek to eliminate? | What religious affiliation did Feynman seek to eliminate? | [
"What religious affiliation did Feynman seek to eliminate?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116024 | 5a8ddee1df8bba001a0f9cd9 | Richard_Feynman | Although born to and raised by parents who were Ashkenazi, Feynman was not only an atheist, but declined to be labelled Jewish. He routinely refused to be included in lists or books that classified people by race. He asked to not be included in Tina Levitan's The Laureates: Jewish Winners of the Nobel Prize, writing, "To select, for approbation the peculiar elements that come from some supposedly Jewish heredity is to open the door to all kinds of nonsense on racial theory," and adding "... at thirteen I was not only converted to other religious views, but I also stopped believing that the Jewish people are in any way 'the chosen people'." | What religion did Feynman's atheist parents follow? | What religion did Feynman's atheist parents follow? | [
"What religion did Feynman's atheist parents follow?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116025 | 572e904bdfa6aa1500f8d147 | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | Who was Feynman's wife? | Who was Feynman's wife? | [
"Who was Feynman's wife?"
] | {
"text": [
"Arline Greenbaum"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116026 | 572e904bdfa6aa1500f8d148 | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | Which disease did Arline succumb to? | Which disease did Arline succumb to? | [
"Which disease did Arline succumb to?"
] | {
"text": [
"tuberculosis"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116027 | 572e904bdfa6aa1500f8d149 | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | In which year did his wife die? | In which year did his wife die? | [
"In which year did his wife die?"
] | {
"text": [
"1945"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116028 | 572e904bdfa6aa1500f8d14a | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | Who played a cameo in a film about Feynman? | Who played a cameo in a film about Feynman? | [
"Who played a cameo in a film about Feynman?"
] | {
"text": [
"Feynman's daughter, Michelle"
],
"answer_start": [
551
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116029 | 572e904bdfa6aa1500f8d14b | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | What was the name of the film that showed Feynman's life? | What was the name of the film that showed Feynman's life? | [
"What was the name of the film that showed Feynman's life?"
] | {
"text": [
"Infinity"
],
"answer_start": [
526
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116030 | 5a8ddf58df8bba001a0f9cdf | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | Who was Feynman's ex-wife? | Who was Feynman's ex-wife? | [
"Who was Feynman's ex-wife?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116031 | 5a8ddf58df8bba001a0f9ce0 | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | Which disease did Arline overcome? | Which disease did Arline overcome? | [
"Which disease did Arline overcome?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116032 | 5a8ddf58df8bba001a0f9ce1 | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | What year did Feynman's wife come back to life? | What year did Feynman's wife come back to life? | [
"What year did Feynman's wife come back to life?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116033 | 5a8ddf58df8bba001a0f9ce2 | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | Who lost their role for a cameo in a film about Feynman? | Who lost their role for a cameo in a film about Feynman? | [
"Who lost their role for a cameo in a film about Feynman?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116034 | 5a8ddf58df8bba001a0f9ce3 | Richard_Feynman | While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time. She died in 1945. In 1946, Feynman wrote a letter to her, expressing his deep love and heartbreak, that he kept for the rest of his life. ("Please excuse my not mailing this," the letter concluded, "but I don't know your new address.") This portion of Feynman's life was portrayed in the 1996 film Infinity, which featured Feynman's daughter, Michelle, in a cameo role. | What was the name of the TV show that showed Feynman's life? | What was the name of the TV show that showed Feynman's life? | [
"What was the name of the TV show that showed Feynman's life?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116035 | 572e90e4cb0c0d14000f12bc | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | What analogies did Feynman use to teach Carl? | What analogies did Feynman use to teach Carl? | [
"What analogies did Feynman use to teach Carl?"
] | {
"text": [
"ants and Martians"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116036 | 572e90e4cb0c0d14000f12bd | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | Which subject did Feynman and Carl both enjoy? | Which subject did Feynman and Carl both enjoy? | [
"Which subject did Feynman and Carl both enjoy?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mathematics"
],
"answer_start": [
255
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116037 | 572e90e4cb0c0d14000f12be | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | What type of computing did Feynman and his son help develop? | What type of computing did Feynman and his son help develop? | [
"What type of computing did Feynman and his son help develop?"
] | {
"text": [
"parallel computing"
],
"answer_start": [
474
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116038 | 572e90e4cb0c0d14000f12bf | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | What Laboratory employed Feynman for critical missions? | What Laboratory employed Feynman for critical missions? | [
"What Laboratory employed Feynman for critical missions?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Jet Propulsion Laboratory"
],
"answer_start": [
494
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116039 | 572e90e4cb0c0d14000f12c0 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | What fictional character was Feynman compared to by a colleague? | What fictional character was Feynman compared to by a colleague? | [
"What fictional character was Feynman compared to by a colleague?"
] | {
"text": [
"Don Quixote"
],
"answer_start": [
644
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116040 | 5a8ddfaadf8bba001a0f9ce9 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | What analogies did Feynman not utilize to teach Carl? | What analogies did Feynman not utilize to teach Carl? | [
"What analogies did Feynman not utilize to teach Carl?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116041 | 5a8ddfaadf8bba001a0f9cea | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | Which subject did Feynman and Carl both dislike? | Which subject did Feynman and Carl both dislike? | [
"Which subject did Feynman and Carl both dislike?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116042 | 5a8ddfaadf8bba001a0f9ceb | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | What type of computing did Feynman and his dad help develop? | What type of computing did Feynman and his dad help develop? | [
"What type of computing did Feynman and his dad help develop?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116043 | 5a8ddfaadf8bba001a0f9cec | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | What Laboratory employed Feynman for unimportant missions? | What Laboratory employed Feynman for unimportant missions? | [
"What Laboratory employed Feynman for unimportant missions?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116044 | 5a8ddfaadf8bba001a0f9ced | Richard_Feynman | Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills. | What fictional character was Feynman compared to by his son? | What fictional character was Feynman compared to by his son? | [
"What fictional character was Feynman compared to by his son?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116045 | 572e916a03f98919007567bb | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | Where did Feynman work at in Brazil? | Where did Feynman work at in Brazil? | [
"Where did Feynman work at in Brazil?"
] | {
"text": [
"Brazilian Center for Physics Research"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116046 | 572e916a03f98919007567bc | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | Which place in Russia could Feynman not visit, but wished to do so? | Which place in Russia could Feynman not visit, but wished to do so? | [
"Which place in Russia could Feynman not visit, but wished to do so?"
] | {
"text": [
"Tuva"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116047 | 572e916a03f98919007567bd | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | When was Feynman allowed to go to Tuva? | When was Feynman allowed to go to Tuva? | [
"When was Feynman allowed to go to Tuva?"
] | {
"text": [
"The day after he died"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116048 | 572e916a03f98919007567be | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | Who went to Tuva in Feynman's stead? | Who went to Tuva in Feynman's stead? | [
"Who went to Tuva in Feynman's stead?"
] | {
"text": [
"Feynman's daughter Michelle"
],
"answer_start": [
379
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116049 | 572e916a03f98919007567bf | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | What is the name of the film that discusses Feynman's attempt to get to Tuva? | What is the name of the film that discusses Feynman's attempt to get to Tuva? | [
"What is the name of the film that discusses Feynman's attempt to get to Tuva?"
] | {
"text": [
"Genghis Blues"
],
"answer_start": [
714
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116050 | 5a8de027df8bba001a0f9cf3 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | Where did Feynman work at in Japan? | Where did Feynman work at in Japan? | [
"Where did Feynman work at in Japan?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116051 | 5a8de027df8bba001a0f9cf4 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | Which place in Germany could Feynman not visit but wished to do so? | Which place in Germany could Feynman not visit but wished to do so? | [
"Which place in Germany could Feynman not visit but wished to do so?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116052 | 5a8de027df8bba001a0f9cf5 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | When was Feynman found visiting Tuva? | When was Feynman found visiting Tuva? | [
"When was Feynman found visiting Tuva?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116053 | 5a8de027df8bba001a0f9cf6 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | Who avoided Tuva in Feynman's stead? | Who avoided Tuva in Feynman's stead? | [
"Who avoided Tuva in Feynman's stead?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116054 | 5a8de027df8bba001a0f9cf7 | Richard_Feynman | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president. | What is the name of the film that discusses Feynman's attempt to escape from Tuva? | What is the name of the film that discusses Feynman's attempt to escape from Tuva? | [
"What is the name of the film that discusses Feynman's attempt to escape from Tuva?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116055 | 572e91f8c246551400ce4360 | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | Which illicit drug did Feynman try at Caltech? | Which illicit drug did Feynman try at Caltech? | [
"Which illicit drug did Feynman try at Caltech?"
] | {
"text": [
"LSD"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116056 | 572e91f8c246551400ce4361 | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | What substance did Feynman give up later in life? | What substance did Feynman give up later in life? | [
"What substance did Feynman give up later in life?"
] | {
"text": [
"alcohol"
],
"answer_start": [
504
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116057 | 572e91f8c246551400ce4362 | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | Why did Feynman give up alcohol? | Why did Feynman give up alcohol? | [
"Why did Feynman give up alcohol?"
] | {
"text": [
"he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain"
],
"answer_start": [
571
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116058 | 572e91f8c246551400ce4363 | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | In what book did he talk about his LSD use? | In what book did he talk about his LSD use? | [
"In what book did he talk about his LSD use?"
] | {
"text": [
"O Americano, Outra Vez"
],
"answer_start": [
656
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116059 | 5a8de0b2df8bba001a0f9cfd | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | Which illicit drug was Feynman caught with at Caltech? | Which illicit drug was Feynman caught with at Caltech? | [
"Which illicit drug was Feynman caught with at Caltech?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116060 | 5a8de0b2df8bba001a0f9cfe | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | What substance did Feynman die from later in life? | What substance did Feynman die from later in life? | [
"What substance did Feynman die from later in life?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116061 | 5a8de0b2df8bba001a0f9cff | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | Why did Feynman enjoy alcohol? | Why did Feynman enjoy alcohol? | [
"Why did Feynman enjoy alcohol?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116062 | 5a8de0b2df8bba001a0f9d00 | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | What book did Feynman talk about his DMT use? | What book did Feynman talk about his DMT use? | [
"What book did Feynman talk about his DMT use?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116063 | 5a8de0b2df8bba001a0f9d01 | Richard_Feynman | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! describes only marijuana and ketamine experiences at John Lilly's famed sensory deprivation tanks, as a way of studying consciousness. Feynman gave up alcohol when he began to show vague, early signs of alcoholism, as he did not want to do anything that could damage his brain—the same reason given in "O Americano, Outra Vez" for his reluctance to experiment with LSD. | When did Feynman try heroin? | When did Feynman try heroin? | [
"When did Feynman try heroin?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116064 | 572e9284dfa6aa1500f8d16f | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Which book does Feynman detail was to pick up girls? | Which book does Feynman detail was to pick up girls? | [
"Which book does Feynman detail was to pick up girls?"
] | {
"text": [
"Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116065 | 572e9284dfa6aa1500f8d170 | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Where was his second office at Caltech? | Where was his second office at Caltech? | [
"Where was his second office at Caltech?"
] | {
"text": [
"topless bar"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116066 | 572e9284dfa6aa1500f8d171 | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Who was the only person to testify that the topless bar should remain open? | Who was the only person to testify that the topless bar should remain open? | [
"Who was the only person to testify that the topless bar should remain open?"
] | {
"text": [
"Feynman"
],
"answer_start": [
451
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116067 | 572e9284dfa6aa1500f8d172 | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Where did Feynman write down his equations at the topless bar? | Where did Feynman write down his equations at the topless bar? | [
"Where did Feynman write down his equations at the topless bar?"
] | {
"text": [
"paper placemats"
],
"answer_start": [
238
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116068 | 572e9284dfa6aa1500f8d173 | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Who tried to shut the topless bar down? | Who tried to shut the topless bar down? | [
"Who tried to shut the topless bar down?"
] | {
"text": [
"county officials"
],
"answer_start": [
264
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116069 | 5a8de14fdf8bba001a0f9d07 | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Which book does Feynman detail was to help reject girls? | Which book does Feynman detail was to help reject girls? | [
"Which book does Feynman detail was to help reject girls?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116070 | 5a8de14fdf8bba001a0f9d08 | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Where was his tenth office at Caltech? | Where was his tenth office at Caltech? | [
"Where was his tenth office at Caltech?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116071 | 5a8de14fdf8bba001a0f9d09 | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Who was the only person to testify that the topless bar should close? | Who was the only person to testify that the topless bar should close? | [
"Who was the only person to testify that the topless bar should close?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116072 | 5a8de14fdf8bba001a0f9d0a | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Where did Feynman lose his equations at the topless bar? | Where did Feynman lose his equations at the topless bar? | [
"Where did Feynman lose his equations at the topless bar?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116073 | 5a8de14fdf8bba001a0f9d0b | Richard_Feynman | In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal. | Who helped the bar win their court case? | Who helped the bar win their court case? | [
"Who helped the bar win their court case?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116074 | 572e9358cb0c0d14000f12ec | Richard_Feynman | In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer." | Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1992? | Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1992? | [
"Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1992?"
] | {
"text": [
"New York Times"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116075 | 572e9358cb0c0d14000f12ed | Richard_Feynman | In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer." | Who helped tell the 1992 New York Times story about Feynman? | Who helped tell the 1992 New York Times story about Feynman? | [
"Who helped tell the 1992 New York Times story about Feynman?"
] | {
"text": [
"James Gleick"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116076 | 572e9358cb0c0d14000f12ee | Richard_Feynman | In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer." | Gleick told a story about a specific algorithim that Gell-Mann described to a student, what was this algorithim called? | Gleick told a story about a specific algorithim that Gell-Mann described to a student, what was this algorithim called? | [
"Gleick told a story about a specific algorithim that Gell-Mann described to a student, what was this algorithim called?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm"
],
"answer_start": [
179
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116077 | 572e9358cb0c0d14000f12ef | Richard_Feynman | In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer." | Feynman's algorithim included writing the problem, thinking, and then what? | Feynman's algorithim included writing the problem, thinking, and then what? | [
"Feynman's algorithim included writing the problem, thinking, and then what?"
] | {
"text": [
"write down the answer"
],
"answer_start": [
622
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116078 | 5a8de1c1df8bba001a0f9d11 | Richard_Feynman | In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer." | Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1982? | Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1982? | [
"Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1982?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116079 | 5a8de1c1df8bba001a0f9d12 | Richard_Feynman | In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer." | Who helped tell the 1922 New York Times story about Feynman? | Who helped tell the 1922 New York Times story about Feynman? | [
"Who helped tell the 1922 New York Times story about Feynman?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116080 | 5a8de1c1df8bba001a0f9d13 | Richard_Feynman | In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer." | What newspaper was Feynman never featured in? | What newspaper was Feynman never featured in? | [
"What newspaper was Feynman never featured in?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116081 | 5a8de1c1df8bba001a0f9d14 | Richard_Feynman | In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer." | Who failed to describe what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm"? | Who failed to describe what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm"? | [
"Who failed to describe what has become known as \"The Feynman Algorithm\"?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116082 | 572e951fdfa6aa1500f8d183 | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Where do the Feynman Lectures on Physics pull information from? | Where do the Feynman Lectures on Physics pull information from? | [
"Where do the Feynman Lectures on Physics pull information from?"
] | {
"text": [
"compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116083 | 572e951fdfa6aa1500f8d184 | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Once the popularity on the lectures grew, who began to attend? | Once the popularity on the lectures grew, who began to attend? | [
"Once the popularity on the lectures grew, who began to attend?"
] | {
"text": [
"professional physicists and graduate students"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116084 | 572e951fdfa6aa1500f8d185 | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Which two of Feynman's colleagues helped put the lectures into book format? | Which two of Feynman's colleagues helped put the lectures into book format? | [
"Which two of Feynman's colleagues helped put the lectures into book format?"
] | {
"text": [
"Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands"
],
"answer_start": [
294
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116085 | 572e951fdfa6aa1500f8d186 | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Which addendum was added to the Lectures book in 2005? | Which addendum was added to the Lectures book in 2005? | [
"Which addendum was added to the Lectures book in 2005?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics"
],
"answer_start": [
494
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116086 | 572e951fdfa6aa1500f8d187 | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Who wrote the supplemental material added to the Lectures book in 2005? | Who wrote the supplemental material added to the Lectures book in 2005? | [
"Who wrote the supplemental material added to the Lectures book in 2005?"
] | {
"text": [
"Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton"
],
"answer_start": [
590
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116087 | 5a8de274df8bba001a0f9d19 | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Where did the Feynman Lectures on Biology pull information from? | Where did the Feynman Lectures on Biology pull information from? | [
"Where did the Feynman Lectures on Biology pull information from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116088 | 5a8de274df8bba001a0f9d1a | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Who never attended lectures as popularity grew? | Who never attended lectures as popularity grew? | [
"Who never attended lectures as popularity grew?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116089 | 5a8de274df8bba001a0f9d1b | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Which one of Feynman's colleagues helped put the lectures into book format? | Which one of Feynman's colleagues helped put the lectures into book format? | [
"Which one of Feynman's colleagues helped put the lectures into book format?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116090 | 5a8de274df8bba001a0f9d1c | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Which addendum was removed from the Lectures book in 2005? | Which addendum was removed from the Lectures book in 2005? | [
"Which addendum was removed from the Lectures book in 2005?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116091 | 5a8de274df8bba001a0f9d1d | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, colleagues of Feynman, edited and illustrated them into book form. The work has endured and is useful to this day. They were edited and supplemented in 2005 with "Feynman's Tips on Physics: A Problem-Solving Supplement to the Feynman Lectures on Physics" by Michael Gottlieb and Ralph Leighton (Robert Leighton's son), with support from Kip Thorne and other physicists. | Who wrote the supplemental material added to the Lectures book in 2003? | Who wrote the supplemental material added to the Lectures book in 2003? | [
"Who wrote the supplemental material added to the Lectures book in 2003?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116092 | 5733f55e4776f419006615ab | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north. | What does Punjab mean? | What does Punjab mean? | [
"What does Punjab mean?"
] | {
"text": [
"five waters"
],
"answer_start": [
40
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116093 | 5733f55e4776f419006615ac | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north. | How many provinces does Pakistan have? | How many provinces does Pakistan have? | [
"How many provinces does Pakistan have?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116094 | 5733f55e4776f419006615ad | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north. | How large is Punjab? | How large is Punjab? | [
"How large is Punjab?"
] | {
"text": [
"205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles)"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116095 | 5733f55e4776f419006615ae | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north. | What is Punjab's population? | What is Punjab's population? | [
"What is Punjab's population?"
] | {
"text": [
"91.379.615"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116096 | 5733f55e4776f419006615af | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north. | What is Punjab's biggest city? | What is Punjab's biggest city? | [
"What is Punjab's biggest city?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lahore"
],
"answer_start": [
355
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116097 | 5a68b42b8476ee001a58a76a | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north. | What is the population of Lahore? | What is the population of Lahore? | [
"What is the population of Lahore?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116098 | 5a68b42b8476ee001a58a76b | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north. | What is the largest city in India? | What is the largest city in India? | [
"What is the largest city in India?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116099 | 5a68b42b8476ee001a58a76c | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north. | What is the area of Pakistan? | What is the area of Pakistan? | [
"What is the area of Pakistan?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |