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这些研究发现揭示了代际冲突的交叉时滞关联性。

These findings shed light on cross-lagged associations with intergenerational conflicts.

医疗保健专业人员有必要确保在过渡为父母的过程中，代际关系是积极有利的。

Healthcare professionals need to ensure that intergenerational relationships are positive during the transition to parenthood.

本研究丰富了我们对于和父亲同住这个因素对婚姻关系的作用的认知，并能指导基于特定文化的多维度干预方式的未来发展。

This study enriches our understanding of the effect of patrilineal coresidence and can guide the future development of interventions based on culturally specific multidimensional approaches.

在乌干达，每五个儿童中就有一个孩子存在这样或那样的心理健康问题，其中包括破坏性行为障碍(DBDs )。

In Uganda, one in five children presents mental health challenges, including disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs).

DBDs 可以持续到成年期，带来诸多不良后果。

DBDs can persist through adulthood and result in negative outcomes.

在发达国家的高度贫困社区，针对DBDs的有效干预措施已经得到开发和测试。

Effective interventions for DBDs have been developed and tested in high-poverty communities in developed countries.

但是在乌干达这样的大多数非洲国家，相关的干预措施仍属罕见。

Yet, most African countries, such as Uganda, lack such interventions.

该论文描述了一项源自美国的循证干预措施在乌干达的国情下如何尽可能优化并保持原有效度的调适过程。 作为一项随机测试的部分内容，本文调查研究了乌干达的30所学校中表现出行为问题的青少年及其他们的照顾者。

This paper describes the adaptation process of an evidence-based intervention of U.S. origin to optimize fit to context with intervention fidelity, as part of a randomized trial conducted with youth that exhibit behavioral challenges and their caregivers in 30 schools in Uganda.

研究过程涉及以下方面：初期组织校长和老师参加集会，介绍本研究的内容和干预措施的主要概念；在起始阶段组织乌干达团队对4Rs和2Ss相关内容进行了整体学习；邀请社区利益相关者积极参与并针对干预措施的内容和文化相关性提供更多的反馈；指导手册的最终修订版；收集儿童的绘画作品，以供编辑手册时使用。

The process involved: initial meetings with headteachers and teachers to introduce the study and the main concepts of the intervention; initial manual review focusing on 4Rs and 2Ss content by the Uganda team; engagement of community stakeholders for additional feedback on content and cultural relevance; final revision of the manual; and collection of children's drawings for the illustration of the manual.

本文描述了原有干预措施和调整后的干预方案在内容方面以及实施方法上的异同。

This paper describes both similarities and differences between the original and adapted intervention content and methods of delivery.

研究结果还强调了让社区利益相关者参与调适修改过程的重要性。

The findings also highlight the importance of involving community stakeholders in the adaptation process.

研究认为男子童年时期的不良经历（ACEs）和精神创伤症状与其IPV犯罪行为（亲密伴侣暴力）和被虐待经历是有关联的，但是针对暴力实施干预措施时起到阻碍作用的几个重要方面尚未得到深入研究。

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and trauma symptoms have been linked with intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and victimization among men, yet the field lacks depth in several key areas hampering progress toward violence intervention.

具体而言，创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）主导了该领域所研究的创伤症状的范围，限制了研究者对创伤的其他表现形式的理解，尤其是男子的创伤。

Specifically, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) dominates the field's scope of trauma symptoms under study, limiting understanding of other manifestations of trauma especially among men.

此外，大多数研究只侧重于男性在身体方面的 IPV 犯罪行为，很少聚焦于诸如其他类型的 IPV行为、暴力严重程度或男性受迫害等研究方向。

Furthermore, most research focuses exclusively on men's physical IPV perpetration and rarely focuses on other types of IPV, severity of violence, or men's victimization.

另外，很少有研究关注基于ACE框架的可能性保护因素，例如临床人群的觉知行为。

Also, few studies examine potential protective factors grounded in the ACE framework, such as mindfulness, among clinical populations.

最后，大多数研究的对象还尚未关注到有色人种，尽管一些种族/少数民族群体对IPV的接触率比较高。

Finally, most research has not focused on men of color, despite some racial/ethnic minority groups disproportionate rates of IPV exposure.

基于以上原因，本研究调查了IPV的发生频率和严重程度（心理、身体、伤害）与ACES、PTSD、创伤症状学（与PTSD区别开来），还有觉知的自我效能之间的相互关联。 样本来自67个有色人种的男子，他们大多数属于低收入，正在参与虐妻行为干预计划。

Therefore, the relationships between IPV frequency and severity (psychological, physical, injury) and ACEs, PTSD, trauma symptomology (separate from PTSD), and mindfulness self-efficacy were examined in a sample of 67 predominantly low-income men of color in a batterer intervention program.

超过一半的样本（51.5%）报告曾经经历过四次或四次以上 ACEs ，有31.1%的被研究对象 满足疑似 PTSD 病人诊断标准。

More than half of the sample (51.5%) reported exposure to four or more ACEs, and 31.1% met the clinical cutoff for a probable PTSD diagnosis.

较高的 ACE 分数预测了几乎所有类型的自报 的较高IPV 犯罪率和较高的受害比例。

Higher ACE scores predicted increased rates for nearly all types of self-reported IPV perpetration and victimization.

PTSD 症状和复杂性创伤症状的严重程度综合在一起解释了 13% 到 40% 的 IPV 结果，而且每种结果都与某些类型的自报 的IPV 受害和暴力实施频率和严重程度有独特的关联性。

PTSD symptoms and complex trauma symptom severity together explained between 13% and 40% of IPV outcomes, and each was uniquely associated with certain types of self-reported IPV victimization and perpetration frequency and severity.

觉知的自我效能与犯罪行为和受害经历发生减少，自我报告的心理方面的IPV频率和严重程度呈减少趋势有关。

Mindfulness self-efficacy was associated with decreased self-report psychological IPV perpetration and victimization frequency and severity.

本研究综述了针对非主流的边缘化男性群体所采取的相关临床措施，包括筛查、培训和可能采用的治疗性干预方法。

Clinical implications relevant to marginalized men are reviewed, including screening, training, and potential therapeutic interventions.

化学性眼损伤 (Chemical eye injury, CEI) 是严重威胁视力和生命的急症, 通常发生在家里或工作场所, 前者一般较轻, 而后者较重, 并且双眼受累。

Chemical eye injury (CEI) is an acute emergency which can threaten sight and life. These commonly occur at home or the workplace with the former being generally mild and the latter more severe and bilateral.

严重的工作意外伤害还涉及其他身体部位的损伤, 可能与吸入或吞入化学物质有关。

Major workplace accidents involve other parts of the body and can be associated with inhalation or ingestion of the chemical.

碱烧伤导致组织皂化反应并且渗透组织的程度深。

Alkali injuries cause damage by saponification of tissue and deeper penetration as a consequence.

酸损伤会导致组织快速凝固, 阻止渗透并使损伤局限。

Acid injuries cause rapid coagulation of tissue, which impedes penetration and limits damage.

刺激性物质——如酒精可造成表层上皮剥脱。

Irritants such as alcohols, cause superficial epithelial denudation.

严重的化学损伤会影响整个眼前节结构, 造成虹膜、瞳孔及晶状体异常。

Severe chemical insult can affect all anterior segment structures causing iris, pupil and lens abnormalities.

眼压受到的影响不一, 可能会降低或升高, 或从一开始的眼压情况迅速转变为另一种。

Eye pressure is variably affected and can be low or high or start as one and rapidly change to the other.

脉络膜视网膜血管病变被认为继发于眼前节炎症, 而不是因为CEI的直接作用。

Chorioretinal changes in the form of vasculopathy are seen and ascribed to be secondary to anterior segment inflammation rather than due to the direct effect of CEI.

与结构及功能相关的最终结果取决于致伤物、暴露时间、治疗手段及其干预的速度。

Final outcome related to structure and function is determined by the injurious agent, duration of exposure, nature of treatment and the rapidity with which it is instituted.

在确定双眼PH值后, 通过大量和持久的眼部冲洗以防止进一步损伤, 以及寻找和清除所有微粒物质是关键。

Prevention of further damage by profuse and prolonged eye wash, after ascertaining pH of both eyes, together with exploration and removal of all particulate matter, is the key.

其他治疗原则包括对眼部的全面评估、控制炎症、促进愈合以及后遗症和并发症的预防及管理。

Other management principles include a complete and thorough assessment, control of inflammation, facilitation of healing and prevention and management of sequelae and complications.

眼内压易被忽视, 但必须对其进行评估和管理。

Intraocular pressure is often forgotten and must be assessed and managed.

管理通常需要多学科的合作。

Management often requires a multidisciplinary approach.

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的发现为慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）的诊断、预防和治疗提供了科学基础。

The discovery of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has provided a scientific basis for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗的普种极大地降低了我国人群乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性率，基于干扰素和/或核苷（酸）类似物的抗病毒治疗，可有效抑制HBV复制、改善肝脏炎症坏死和肝纤维化，从而减少肝硬化和肝细胞癌的发生。

The universalization of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine has greatly reduced the HBsAg positive load rate of the Chinese population. Antiviral therapy based on interferon and / or nucleos(t)ide analogues had effectively inhibited HBV replication, improved liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, and reduced the incidence of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

然而，现有治疗手段很难实现到HBsAg转阴的临床治愈目标。

However, the existing treatment methods can achieve the clinical cure goal of negative HBsAg.

近年来，针对HBV生命周期的直接抗病毒药物及针对机体抗病毒应答的免疫调节药物进入研发活跃期。

In recent years, direct antiviral drugs for HBV life cycle and immunomodulatory drugs for antiviral response have entered an active stage of research and development.

设计良好、执行规范、分析正确、解读恰当的临床试验，是决定乙型肝炎临床治愈新药能否研发成功的关键。

Clinical trials that are well-designed, standardized, analyzed, and interpreted are the key to the success of the research and development of a clinical cure for hepatitis B.

希望肝脏病学、临床药理学及方法学专家通力合作，采用新型临床试验设计、新型终点指标、新型数据管理和质控技术，共同促进乙型肝炎临床治愈新药研发进程。

It is hoped that the experts in hepatology, clinical pharmacology and methodology will work together to promote the research and development process of new drugs for clinical cure of hepatitis B by adopting new clinical trial design, new endpoint indicators, new data management and quality control technology.

直接抗病毒药物（DAAs），是治疗慢性乙型肝炎的重要手段。

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) play a critical role for the therapy of chronical hepatitis B.

DAAs能直接干扰病毒的感染复制过程，减少子代病毒产率，继而影响体内乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的两种动态平衡，即肝细胞中病毒复制-循环中病毒衰减之间的平衡，共价闭合环状DNA（cccDNA）池补充-cccDNA衰减之间的平衡。

DAAs can decrease the production of viral progeny of hepatitis B virus (HBV), breaking the viral dynamic equilibrium between: (1) virion production from hepatocytes and clearance from circulation; (2) replenishment and decay of covalently closed circular (ccc)DNA pool inside infected hepatocytes.

现有核苷（酸）类似物足以影响第一种平衡，却难以撼动第二种平衡。 因此，靶向HBV感染复制的不同环节，开发新型DAAs十分必要。

Nucleos(t)ide analogues can potently shift the first balance to undetectable viremia in the blood, but have limited or no effect on the second one, thus making it imperative to develop new agents targeting additional step(s) of HBV life cycle.

现从cccDNA池补充-cccDNA衰减这一平衡的两个方面，探讨近期DAAs研发的主要进展。

We herein briefly introduce the DAAs currently in development by classifying them as agents affecting the replenishment or the decay of cccDNA pool.

为实现世界卫生组织提出的"2030年消除病毒性肝炎作为重大公共卫生威胁"的目标，慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）治疗药物的研发领域近年正处于快速发展阶段。

The research and development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) therapeutic drugs has been undergoing rapid development in recent years in order to achieve the World Health Organization's goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a major public health threat by 2030.

早期临床试验（包括首次人体试验）关注于受试者的选择、研究设计、给药剂量和方式的选择、剂量爬坡、不良事件/反应（耐受性评价）的监测、观察和报告程序，以及受试者继续给药和停止给药的标准。

The focus of early stage clinical trials (including the first human trial) is the selection of subjects, study design, dose selection, administration method, dose escalation, monitoring, observation and reporting procedures for adverse events/reactions (tolerability evaluation), and criteria for subjects to continue and discontinue administration.

需要引入定量药理学知识来分析药物的体内暴露量与药效、不良反应的关系，以及纳入探索性指标：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）RNA、HBV核心相关抗原（HBcrAg）等，来分析新药作用机制和靶点及其抗肝细胞内HBV共价闭合环状DNA的药效。

Therefore, quantitative pharmacology knowledge is required to analyze the relationship between in vivo drug exposure, efficacy and adverse reactions, and the inclusion of exploratory indicators such as HBV RNA, hepatitis B virus core-related antigen (HBcrAg), etc., to analyze the mechanism and target of innovative drugs and the efficacy of cccDNA in anti-hepatocytes.

而II～III期临床试验则更关注最佳剂量、疗效、安全性指标，验证新药在更大受试者人群范围内所选择剂量的疗效和安全性。

On the other hand, Phase II-III clinical trials prioritize the optimal dose, efficacy and safety indicators to verify the efficacy and safety of new drugs in a wider range of subjects.

根据国内外有关文献，并结合作者早期临床研究的实践经验,简要介绍CHB创新性药物临床试验设计中应关注的临床问题。

This paper refers to the relevant domestic and foreign literature, combined with the author's practical experience in early clinical research, and then briefly introduces the clinical issues that should be paid attention to in the design of clinical trials of CHB innovative drugs.

长期摄入大量乙醇导致肠源性内毒素血症，活性氧、高浓度的三磷酸腺苷及尿酸激活焦亡系统，进而通过切割Gasdermin-D打孔机制导致肝细胞死亡，同时伴有白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-18等炎性因子的释放。

Long-term intake of large amounts of ethanol leads to enterogenous endotoxemia. Reactive oxygen species, high concentrations of adenosine triphosphate and uric acid activate the pyroptosis system, which then cleaves the pore formation mechanism of gasdermin-D, leading to the death of liver cells, accompanied by the release of interleukin-1β, interleukin-18, and other inflammatory factors.

这一系列的过程激活免疫系统，介导级联炎症反应，促进酒精性肝病从脂肪变性到炎症、纤维化的进展。

This series of processes activates the immune system, mediates a cascade of inflammation, and promotes the development of alcoholic liver disease from steatosis to inflammation and fibrosis.

结合针灸针材料特性、新兴连接技术与注塑工艺，并经过力学测试，研制一种通过靠近即可与针灸针连接、外型规则、制作工艺简单的新型电针仪磁力接头。

Combined with the material characteristics of acupuncture needle, new connection technology and injection moulding technology, and through mechanical test, a new type of magnetic joint for electroacupuncture instrument, with regular appearance and simple manufacturing process, is developed, which can be connected with acupuncture needle in close range.

此接头由内层的磁体接头与外层的接头保护套构成，应用新兴导电胶连接简化装置制作工艺，其优势是依靠磁力与针灸针连接、闲置时便于存放且易于切换成工作状态、紧急情况下可迅速断开连接。

This joint is composed of the inner magnet joint and the outer joint protective sleeve. The new conductive adhesive is used to simplify the manufacturing process. Its advantages include connection with acupuncture needle by magnetic force, being convenient to store when idle and easy to switch to the working state, and quick disconnection in case of emergency.

接头与针灸针依靠磁力安全牢固连接，缩短操作时间，提高工作效率，有效解决目前鳄鱼夹接头存在的问题。

This joint is connected safely and firmly with acupuncture needle by magnetic force, which shortens the operation time, improves the working efficiency, and effectively solves the problems existing in the crocodile clip connector.

初级卫生保健为实现全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 提供了一种经济有效的途径。

Primary health care offers a cost-effective route to achieving universal health coverage (UHC).

然而在许多中低收入国家，初级卫生保健体系非常薄弱，常常无法提供全面的以人为本的综合保健。

However, primary health-care systems are weak in many low- and middle-income countries and often fail to provide comprehensive, people-centred, integrated care.

我们利用半扎根的研究方法分析了 20 个中低收入国家的初级卫生保健体系。

We analysed the primary health-care systems in 20 low- and middle-income countries using a semi-grounded approach.

通过分析主题内容确定了加强初级保健体系的备选方案。

Options for strengthening primary health-care systems were identified by thematic content analysis.

我们发现：(I) 尽管非传染性疾病负担日益沉重，但许多中低收入国家仍缺乏预防服务资金；(ii) 社区卫生工作者通常资源配备不足，无法获得良好的支持，并且缺乏相应培训；(iii) 在所研究的一半国家中，医疗自费超出卫生支出总额的 40％，不利于实现公平；(iv) 公共和私人体系分散、资金不足、腐败以及非正式员工参与不足，阻碍了健康保险计划的实施。

We found that: (i) despite the growing burden of noncommunicable disease, many low- and middle-income countries lacked funds for preventive services; (ii) community health workers were often under-resourced, poorly supported and lacked training; (iii) out-of-pocket expenditure exceeded 40% of total health expenditure in half the countries studied, which affected equity; and (iv) health insurance schemes were hampered by the fragmentation of public and private systems, underfunding, corruption and poor engagement of informal workers.

14 个国家中，私营部门基本上不受监管。

In 14 countries, the private sector was largely unregulated.

此外，服务基本私有化的国家，社区很少参与初级卫生保健。

Moreover, community engagement in primary health care was weak in countries where services were largely privatized.

一些国家权力下放，促使其初级保健分散。

In some countries, decentralization led to the fragmentation of primary health care.

当财政激励措施与法规和质量提升相结合，，并且社区参与度增强时，绩效便会有所改善。 应该为初级卫生保健的决策制定提供充足的资源，并将政府在初级卫生保健方面的支出至少增加国内生产总值的 1％。

Performance improved when financial incentives were linked to regulation and quality improvement, and community involvement was strong. Policy-making should be supported by adequate resources for primary health-care implementation and government spending on primary health care should be increased by at least 1% of gross domestic product.

还需要制定提升公平的融资方案，加强初级卫生保健管理的问责。

Devising equity-enhancing financing schemes and improving the accountability of primary health-care management is also needed.

初级卫生保健体系的支持对于在截止 2030 年的十年中实现 UHC 至关重要。

Support from primary health-care systems is critical for progress towards UHC in the decade to 2030.

骨肉瘤是最常见的骨恶性肿瘤。

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant tumors of bone.

从20世纪70年代起，人类就开始使用化学治疗药物来治疗骨肉瘤。

Since 1970s, researchers had used chemotherapy drugs to treat osteosarcoma.

然而，多药耐药作为影响化学治疗药物疗效的主要不良反应之一，在不同程度上降低了骨肉瘤患者的生存率。

However, multidrug resistance is a major adverse reaction that affects the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs, leading to the reduced survival rate of osteosarcoma patients.

Notch信号通路在骨肉瘤细胞增殖中起重要作用，同时通过减少细胞内药物累积、调控上皮-间质转化、导致微RNA失调和细胞凋亡基因的表达紊乱、调节肿瘤干细胞等方面影响肿瘤的耐药性。

The Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in osteosarcoma proliferation, which affects tumor resistance by reducing intracellular drug accumulation, regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition, dysregulating microRNA, disrupting the expression of apoptosis genes, and regulating tumor stem cells.

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，SARS-CoV-2)传染性极强，主要侵袭患者的肺，导致呼吸窘迫综合征甚至多器官衰竭。

Infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is extremely strong. The one major target of the virus is the lung, which leads to the deaths of respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure.

肾也是病毒攻击的主要器官之一，病毒通过血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)直接损伤肾小管，并引起细胞因子风暴导致肾损伤，增加患者的死亡风险。

The kidney is also one of the main organs attacked by viruses, which directly damage the renal tubules through angiotensin converting enzyme-2 and cause cytokine storm, resulting in kidney damage and increasing the risk of death in the patients.

早期排查COVID-19患者肾损伤危险因素，检测肾损伤指标，对存在肾损伤的患者及时进行支持治疗及肾脏替代治疗，可降低病死率。

Early investigation of risk factors for kidney injury, detection of kidney injury indicators, timely supporting treatment and renal replacement therapy for the existence of kidney injury patients are useful for reducing the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients.

2018年11月中南大学湘雅三医院收治了1例MEN-IIb患者，该患者自幼有舌黏膜神经瘤，曾因二尖瓣脱垂及脊柱畸形接受手术治疗，于22岁时被诊断为甲状腺髓样癌并接受手术治疗，但直至28岁发现嗜铬细胞瘤才临床诊断为MEN-IIb。

A MEN-IIb patient with the lingual mucosal neuromas since childhood was admitted in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in November, 2018. He had surgical history of mitral valve prolapse and spinal deformity. He was diagnosed with MTC and PHEO at the age of 22 and 28, respectively, and received surgical treatments.

基因检测提示该患者携带一新发RET基因p.M918T杂合突变。

Sequencing of RET gene revealed a de novo heterozygous p.M918T mutation in the patient.

在临床工作中早期识别内分泌系统以外的临床表现并进行RET基因筛查是早期诊断及治疗的关键。

Being aware of the unique clinical phenotype and screening of RET gene mutation may lead to the early diagnosis and better long-term outcome for MEN-IIb.

口腔医学专业人员需要认知、学习和掌握人工智能技术，紧跟医疗新时代的步伐并在医疗实践中开展应用。

It is very important for stomatology professionals to recognize, learn and master AI, to keep pace with the pace of the new era of medical treatment and to apply it in medical practice.

本文就人工智能在口腔医疗、科研、教学中的应用及研究作一介绍，并对人工智能在口腔医学领域的发展进行展望。

This paper introduces the application and progress of AI in stomatology clinic, research and teaching field, analyzes the existing and possible problems, and prospects the development of AI in the field of stomatology.

研究STAT3在耐药白血病细胞凋亡及免疫逃逸中的作用，并探讨白血病微小残留病引起的白血病复发的可能机制。

To investigate the mechanisms of anti-apoptosis and immune evasion in drug-resistant leukemia cells mediated by STAT3, further to explore the possible mechanism of leukemia relapse caused by minimal residual.

用pcDNA3.1-STAT3质粒转染K562细胞，建立耐药白血病细胞株K562/STAT3细胞。

Drug-resistance leukemia cell line was established by transfecting pcDNA3.1-STAT3 into K562 cells (K562/STAT3).

RQ-PCR和（或）Western blot检测空载质粒转染的对照细胞株K562/-细胞和K562/STAT3细胞中STAT3、BAX以及NKG2D配体的表达。

The expression of STAT3, BAX and NKG2D ligands (MICA and ULBP1) in K562/-cells, K562/STAT3 were detected by Western blot and/or RQ-PCR.

流式细胞术检测K562/-细胞和K562/STAT3细胞的凋亡情况及NK细胞对K562/-细胞和K562/STAT3细胞的杀伤作用。

Cells apoptosis and the killing effect of NK cells on leukemia cells were detected by flow cytometry.

K562/STAT3细胞中总STAT3和STAT3磷酸化水平均明显升高，而且其耐药蛋白P-gp mRNA的表达明显升高（P<0.005）。

The expression of the total STAT3, STAT3 phosphorylation in K562/STAT3 was significantly increased, and P-gp mRNA expression was increased also significantly (P<0.005).

与K562/-细胞相比，K562/STAT3细胞促凋亡基因BAX mRNA的表达水平明显下降（P=0.005），且多柔比星引起的K562/STAT3细胞凋亡明显减少（P=0.002）；用STAT3抑制剂（SH-4-54）处理K562/STAT3细胞后，促凋亡基因BAX mRNA的表达水平明显升高（P=0.017），同时细胞凋亡也明显增加（P=0.005）。

In K562/STAT3 cells, the expression of pro-apoptotic BAX (P=0.005) was significantly lower, and the number of apoptotic cells (P=0.002) induced by adriamycin was significantly decreased as compared with those in K562/- cells. After K562/STAT3 cells were treated by STAT3 inhibitor (SH-4-54), the expression of BAX mRNA (P=0.017) was significantly higher and the number of apoptotic cells (P=0.005) was significantly increased.

与K562/-细胞相比，K562/STAT3细胞NKG2D配体（MICA和ULBP1）mRNA的表达水平明显下降（P<0.0001），MICA和ULBP1蛋白的表达水平亦明显下降（MICA：P=0.001，ULBP1：P=0.022）；用STAT3抑制剂（SH-4-54）处理K562/STAT3细胞后，MICA mRNA和蛋白表达水平升高（mRNA：P=0.001，蛋白：P=0.002），但ULBP1 mRNA和蛋白无明显改变（mRNA：P=0.137，蛋白：P=0.1905）。

The MICA and ULBP1 mRNA expression in K562/STAT3 cells was significantly lower than that in K562/- cells, and also for MICA and ULBP1 protein (MICA and ULPB1 mRNA: P<0.0001, MICA protein: P=0.001, ULPB1 protein: P=0.022). After K562/STAT3 cells were treated with STAT3 inhibitor (SH-4-54), the expression of MICA mRNA and protein was increased (mRNA: P=0.001, protein: P=0.002), but ULBP1 mRNA and protein showed no significantly change (mRNA: P=0.137, protein: P=0.1905).

NK细胞对耐药K562/STAT3细胞的杀伤能力较K562/-细胞下降（P=0.002），但是STAT3抑制剂恢复了K562/STAT3细胞对NK细胞的杀伤敏感性（P=0.006）. STAT3磷酸化介导了耐药白血病细胞抗凋亡，降低其对NK细胞的杀伤敏感性。

The cytotoxicity of NK cells to K562/STAT3 cells was susceptible as compared with K562/- (P=0.002), but the cytotoxicity of K562/STAT3 cells to NK cell could be recovered by STAT3 inhibitor (P=0.006). STAT3 phosphorylation can inhibits cell apoptosis and promotes cell immune escape.

STAT3抑制剂可以促进耐药白血病细胞凋亡并增加其对NK细胞的杀伤敏感性。

STAT3 inhibitors can promote the apoptosis of leukemia cells and increase their sensitivity to NK cells.

研究急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）患者呼气成分中的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）特征，探讨VOC用于APL诊断及疗效评估的可行性. 以APL患者和健康人为研究对象，采用SPME-GC/MS技术检测受试者呼出气体中的VOC；比较分析APL初诊组、复发组、缓解组和健康组呼气中的VOC成分，使用Kruskal-Wallis方差分析APL不同疾病状态组特征性VOC差异并应用Dunn-Bonferroni检验进行两两比较. 初诊APL患者的二甲基硫醚、甲苯和十二烷值明显高于健康人，而乙醇、正己烷和苯甲醛值明显低于健康人（P<0.05）。

To analyze the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in expiratory air components of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and assess the feasibility of VOCs for the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of APL. The VOCs exhaled from the patients with APL and healthy volunteers should be analyzed with SPME-GC/MS, and compared between newly-diagnosed group, relapse group, remission group, and healthy group with Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Dunn-Bonferroni test. Dimethyl sulfide, toluene, and dodecane obtained of newly-diagnosed APL patients were significantly higher, while ethanol, n-hexanal, and benzaldehyde were significantly lower than those of healthy people (P<0.05).

与初诊组相比，缓解组二甲基硫醚、甲苯和十二烷明显减少，乙醇、正己烷和苯甲醛明显增加（P<0.05），而复发组的VOC与缓解组正好相反. 二甲基硫醚、甲苯、十二烷、乙醇、苯甲醛和正己烷可作为APL诊断和病情评估的生物标记物。

Compared with the newly-diagnosed group, dimethylsulfide, toluene, and dodecane of the remission group significantly decreased, while ethanol, n-hexanal, and benzaldehyde significantly increased (P<0.05), which was just opposite from the relapse group. Dimethyl sulfide, toluene, dodecane, ethanol, n-hexanal, and benzaldehyde can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of APL patients.

探讨10-18岁新诊断急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）患者的临床疗效及预后影响因素, 为临床选择治疗方案提供依据。

To investigate the clinical efficacy of ALL-2005 and ALL-2009 regimen and factors influencing prognosis of newly diagnosed ALL patients aged between 10-18 years old to provide some reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

回顾性分析济南市第二妇幼保健院2008年1月-2015年12月收治119例10-18岁新诊断ALL患者的临床资料, 包括基线临床特征、诱导治疗缓解效果、远期疗效、复发及死亡情况, 并对临床预后影响因素进行单因素和多因素评价。

The clinical data including baseline clinical characteristics, induction chemotherapy effect, long-term clinical efficacy, recurrence rate and mortality of induction therapy of 119 newly diagnosed ALL patients aged between 10-18 years old from January 2008 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively, and the influencing factors of clinical prognosis were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.

接受ALL-2005方案与ALL-2009方案治疗的患者经诱导治疗后第5周达完全缓解比例比较无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。

The complete remission rate at the 5th week after induction therapy was not significantly different between ALL-2005 and ALL-2009 regimen groups (P＞0.05).

119例患者随访5年累积无事件生存率和总生存率分别为（63.41±3.65）%和（68.95±4.01）%、7年分别为（61.86±3.72）%和（67.22±3.59）%。

The cumulative event-free survival rate and overall survival rate of 119 cases after 5-year follow-up were (63.41±3.65)% and (68.95±4.01)% respectively, and after 7-year follow-up were (61.86±3.72)% and (67.22±3.59)% respectively.

合并BCR-ABL 10-18岁新诊断ALL患者采用ALL-2009方案治疗后较ALL-2005方案的生存率略有提高, 更适用于合并BCR-ABL

The survival rate of patients with BCR-ABL The survival rate of newly diagnosed ALL patients aged between 10-18 years old treated with ALL-2009 regimen was slightly higher than that of ALL-2005 regimen, it is more suitable for the ALL patients with BCR-ABL

分析利妥昔单抗联合CHOP/EPOCH方案治疗弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, DLBCL）患者的疗效，并探讨难治复发患者的高危因素. 对2012年12月-2018年12月东南大学附属中大医院血液科收治的72例初治DLBCL患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，分析DLBCL患者应用利妥昔单抗联合CHOP/EPOCH方案化疗的缓解率。

To analyze the efficacy of rituximab combined with CHOP/EPOCH regimen for treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma（DLBCL） patients, and to explore the high risk factors of refractory and relapsed patients. The clinical data of 72 patients with de novo DLBCL from December 2012 to December 2018 in the Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University were retrospectively analyzed. The remission rate of DLBCL patients treated by rituximab combined with CHOP/EPOCH was analyzed, and survival analysis was conducted to explore the risk factors influencing refractory recurrence.

同时进行生存分析，探讨影响难治复发的高危因素. 72例患者中，45例获得CR，11例获得PR，总缓解率77.78%，其中难治复发患者25例，复发率34.2%。

45 cases among 72 patients achieved complete remission (CR), 11 cases achieved partial remission (PR), the total remission rate was 77.78%. 25 cases (34.2%) refractory and relapsed.

单因素分析显示， B症状、低Hb水平、高NLR、低LMR、高β 利妥昔单抗联合CHOP/EPOCH方案治疗DLBCL的缓解率较高，但仍有约1/3的患者难治复发。

Single factor analysis showed that the B symptoms, low Hb, high NLR, low MLR, high β The remission rate of DLBCL patients treated by rituximab combined with CHOP/EPOCH regimen is high, but about one third of the patients still show refractory and relapsed.

B症状、低Hb、高β

B Symptoms, anemia, high β

含利妥昔单抗化疗方案治疗弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤致急性肺损伤患者26例临床分析. 通过总结分析弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）患者应用含利妥昔单抗化疗方案后出现急性肺损伤的临床特点、治疗及预后，提高对该病的认识并指导临床治疗。

To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of acute lung injury in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) after chemotherapy with rituximab chemotherapy, so as to improve the understanding of the disease and guide the clinical treatment.

选择本院2013年1月至2018年9月收治的26例应用含利妥昔单抗化疗方案并出现急性肺损伤的DLBCL患者，对其临床特征、影像学表现、化疗疗程、治疗效果及预后进行分析。

Twenty-Six patients with DLBCL were treated with rituximab chemotherapy and developed to acute lung injury in Third Hospital of Peking University from January 2013 to September 2018 were selected. The clinical features, imaging findings, chemotherapy course, therapeutic effect and prognosis were analyzed.