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وَجَعَلَ قُطْبَةُ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ السَّدُوسِيُّ وَقَسَامَةُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ الْمَازِنِيُّ فِي عَشَرَةِ فَوَارِسَ، وَقَالَ لَهُمَا" كُونَا فِي ظَهْرِنَا، فَتَرُدَّا الْمُنْهَزِمَ، وَتَمْنَعَا مَنْ أَرَادَنَا مِنْ وَرَائِنَا

He put Qutbah b. Qatadah al-Sadusi and Qasamah b. Zuhayr al-Mazini in charge of ten horsemen and said to them" "Stay behind us, drive back those (Muslims) who run away, and ward off those "Persians" who may attack us from our rear

ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُ الأُبُلَّةِ فَنَاهَضَهُمْ عُتْبَةُ

Then the garrison of al-Ubullah came out to "fight" him, and ‘Utbah stood up against them

فَسَارَ عُتْبَةُ فَنَزَلَ دُونَ الإِجَانَةِ، فَأَقَامَ نَحْوًا مِنْ شَهْرٍ

‘Utbah moved forward and halted before al-Ijjanah and stayed there for about a month

وَكَانَتْ مِرْفَأَ السُّفُنِ مِنَ الصِّينِ وَمَا دُونَهَا

AlUbullah was a port for ships from China and from less distant places

فَنَزَلَ الْخُرَيْبَةَ وَبِالأُبُلَّةِ خمسمائة مِنَ الأَسَاوِرَةِ يَحْمُونَهَا

So he halted at al-Khuraybah. At that time, five hundred Persian horsemen (asawirah) were in al-Ubullah defending the city

فَهَذَا حَيْثُ وَاجِبٌ عَلَيْنَا فِيهِ طَاعَةُ إِمَامِنَا

This is the place where we must obey the orders of our imam

فَلَمَّا رَأَى مَنْبَتَ الْقَصَبِ، وَسَمِعَ نَقِيقَ الضَّفَادِعِ قَالَ" إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَنْزِلَ أَقْصَى الْبَرِّ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ، وَأَدْنَى أَرْضِ الرِّيفِ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَجَمِ

When he saw a field of reeds and heard the croaking of frogs, he said" "The Commander of the Faithful ordered me to halt at the most distant edge of the Arab desert land and at the nearest point of the cultivated Persian land

قَدِمَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ غزوان البصره في ثلاثمائة

‘Utbah b. Ghaz-wan came to al-Basrah with three hundred men

حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ شَبَّةَ، قَالَ" حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيٌّ، قَالَ" حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ وَأَبُو مِخْنَفٍ، عَنْ مُجَالِدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ

According to ‘Umar b. Shabbah—‘All—Abu Isma‘il al-Hamdanl and Abu Mikhnaf—Mujalid b. Sa*id—al-Sha‘bI

فَأَرِدِ اللَّهَ وَلا تُرِدِ الدُّنْيَا، وَاتَّقِ مَصَارِعَ الظَّالِمِينَ

Seek God, do not seek the world, and beware of the places into which the wrongdoers are hurled down

إِنَّ النَّاسَ أَسْرَعُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ حِينَ رُفِعَتْ لَهُمُ الدُّنْيَا فَأَرَادُوهَا

People hasten to God, but when this world comes into their view, they seek after it

أُعِيذُكَ بِاللَّهِ وَنَفْسِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ

I invoke the protection of God from this upon you and upon myself

فَتَسْقُطَ سَقْطَةً تَصِيرُ بِهَا إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ

As a result, you may fall into error and end up in Hell

وَلَهِيَ أَخْوَفُهُمَا عِنْدِي عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَسْتَدْرِجْكَ وَتَخْدَعَكَ

In my view, the former is, indeed, the more fearful of the two,it may lead you astray and deceive you

احْتَفِظْ مِنَ النِّعْمَةِ احْتِفَاظَكَ مِنَ الْمَعْصِيَةِ

Beware of ease of circumstances as you would beware of sin

فَيَا لَهَا نِعْمَةٌ، إِنْ لَمْ تَرْفَعْكَ فَوْقَ قَدْرِكَ وَتُبْطِرْكَ عَلَى مَنْ دُونَكَ

This is, indeed, a blessing if it does not cause you to overstep your limits and does not cause you to behave insolently with those who are inferior to you

تَقُولُ فَيُسْمَعُ مِنْكَ، وَتَأْمُرُ فَيُطَاعُ أَمْرُكَ

Whatever you say is listened to; you command and your order is obeyed

وقد صحبت رسول الله ص فَعُزِّزْتَ بِهِ بَعْدَ الذِّلَّةِ، وَقُوِّيتَ بِهِ بَعْدَ الضَّعْفِ، حَتَّى صِرْتَ أَمِيرًا مُسَلَّطًا وَمَلِكًا مُطَاعًا

You have been a companion of the Messenger of God, and through him you became noble after you had been lowly, and through him you became strong after you had been weak until you became an amir to whom governmental power is entrusted and a ruler to whom obedience is due

وَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تُنَازِعَكَ نَفْسُكَ إِلَى كِبْرٍ يُفْسِدُ عَلَيْكَ اخوتك

Beware lest your soul lures you into haughtiness which will render your brethren disaffected toward you

وَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ فِيمَا وُلِّيتَ

Fear God with regard to what you have been entrusted

وَإِلا فَالسَّيْفَ فِي غَيْرِ هَوَادَةٍ

If they refuse this, it is the sword without leniency

وَادْعُ إِلَى اللَّهِ، فَمَنْ أَجَابَكَ فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُ، وَمَنْ أَبَى فَالْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ صَغَارٍ وَذِلَّةٍ

Summon the people to God; those who respond to your call, accept it from them, but those who refuse must pay the poll tax out of humiliation and lowliness

فَإِذَا قَدِمَ عَلَيْكَ فَاسْتَشِرْهُ وَقَرِّبْهُ

When he comes, consult him and let him be your close associate

وَهُوَ ذُو مُجَاهَدَةِ الْعَدُوِّ وَمُكَايَدَتِهِ

'Arfajah is a man who knows how to fight the enemy and how to use stratagems against him

وَقَدْ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الْعَلاءِ بْنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ أَنْ يَمُدَّكَ بِعَرْفَجَةَ بْنِ هَرْثَمَةَ

I wrote to al'Ala b. al-Hadraml asking him to reinforce you with ‘Arfajah b. Harthamah

وَأَرْجُو أَنْ يُكْفِيَكَ اللَّهُ مَا حَوْلَهَا، وَأَنْ يُعِينَكَ عَلَيْهَا

I wish that God would spare you the trouble of having to deal with what is around it and that He would help you to overcome it

يَا عُتْبَةُ، إِنِّي قَدِ اسْتَعْمَلْتُكَ عَلَى أَرْضِ الْهِنْدِ، وَهِيَ حَوْمَةٌ مِنْ حَوْمَةِ الْعَدُوِّ

O ‘Utbah, I have appointed you to rule "the land of India," which is a stronghold of the enemy

إِنَّ عُمَرَ قَالَ لِعُتْبَةَ بْنِ غَزْوَانَ إِذْ وَجَّهَهُ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ

Umar (b. al-Khattab) said to ‘Utbah b. Ghazwan when he dispatched him to al-Basrah

حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ، قَالَ" حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، قَالَ

According to ‘Umar (b. Shabbah?)—‘All—‘Isa b. Yazid—‘Abd alMalik b. Hudhayfah and Muhammad b. al-Hajjaj—‘Abd al-Malik b. ‘Umayr

وَبَعَثَ عُمَرُ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ غَزْوَانَ

Then ‘Umar dispatched ‘Utbah b. Ghazwan

حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى دَارِسَ، وَفِيهَا مَسْلَحَةٌ لِلأَعَاجِمِ، فَقَتَلُوهُ

When he reached Daris, which was a Persian garrison, he was killed

فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، فَتَرَكَ بِهَا قُطْبَةَ، وَمَضَى إِلَى الأَهْوَازِ

He came to al-Basrah, left Qutbah there, and set out for al-Ahwaz

فَوَجَّهَ عُمَرُ شُرَيْحَ بْنَ عَامِرٍ، أَحَدَ بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ" كُنْ رِدْءًا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ بِهَذِهِ الْجِيزَةِ

‘Umar sent Shurayh b. 'Amir, who belonged to the tribe of Sa'd b. Bakr, to al-Basrah and said to him" "Reinforce the Muslims in this area

أَقِمْ مَكَانَكَ، وَاحْذَرْ عَلَى مَنْ مَعَكَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ أَمْرِي

Stay in your place and take good care of your companions until you receive my orders

وَقَدْ أَصَبْتَ وَوُفِّقْتَ

You did the right thing and have been vouchsafed success

فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ" إِنَّهُ أَتَانِي كِتَابُكَ أَنَّكَ تُغِيرُ عَلَى مَنْ قِبَلَكَ مِنَ الأَعَاجِمِ

'Umar wrote to him" "I have received your letter saying that you were raiding the Persians in front of you

وَكَانَتِ الأَعَاجِمُ بِتِلْكَ النَّاحِيَةِ قَدْ هَابُوهُ بَعْدَ وَقْعَةِ خَالِدٍ بِنَهْرِ الْمَرْأَةِ

The Persians of the area dreaded him because of the battle which had been fought by Khalid (b. al-Walid) at Nahr al-Mar’ah

فَكَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ يُعْلِمُهُ مَكَانَهُ، وَأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ مَعَهُ عَدَدٌ يَسِيرٌ ظَفَرَ بِمَنْ قَبْلِهِ مِنَ الْعُجْمِ، فَنَفَاهُمْ مِنْ بِلادِهِمْ

Qutbah wrote to ‘Umar informing him of his location and telling him that, if he had a small number of men at his disposal, he would defeat the Persians who were in front of him and banish them from their land

وَقَدْ كَانَ قُطْبَةُ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ- فِيمَا حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ، قَالَ" حَدَّثَنَا الْمَدَائِنِيُّ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ السُّلَمِيِّ، عَنْ قُطْبَةَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ السَّدُوسِيِّ- يُغِيرُ بِنَاحِيَةِ الْخُرَيْبَةِ مِنَ الْبَصْرَةِ، كَمَا كَانَ الْمُثَنَّى بْنُ حَارِثَةَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ يُغِيرُ بِنَاحِيَةِ الْحِيرَةِ

According to ‘Umar "b. Shabbah?"—al-Mada’ini—al-Nadr b. Ishaq al-Sulami — Qutbah b. Qatadah al-Sadusi" Qutbah b. Qatadah was raiding the vicinity of al-Khuraybah, which was a part of al-Basrah, just as al-Muthanna b. Harithah al-Shaybani was raiding the vicinity of al-Hirah

وَكَانَ عَلَى أَنْزَالِ الْبَصْرَةِ أَبُو الْجَرْبَاءِ عَاصِمُ بْنُ الدُّلَفِ، أَحَدُ بَنِي غَيْلانَ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ تَمِيمٍ

Abu alJarba’ ‘A?im b. al-Dufof, of the Banu Ghaylan b. Malik b. ‘Amr b. Tamim, was in charge of the settlement of al-Basrah

وَاخْتَطَّتْ عَلَى نَحْوٍ مِنْ خِطَطِ الْكُوفَةِ

Al-Basrah was planned in the same way as al-Kufah

فَخَنَسُوا فَرْسَخًا وَجَرُّوا مَعَهُمْ نَهْرًا، ثُمَّ فَرْسَخًا ثُمَّ جَرُّوهُ ثُمَّ فَرْسَخًا، ثُمَّ جَرُّوهُ ثُمَّ أَتَوُاالْحَجَرَ، ثُمَّ جَرُّوهُ

Then they went back the distance of a farsakh and dug a canal; then they repeated this until they reached the desert and extended the canal "as for as the site of al-Basrah

وَأَمَّا أَهْلُ الْبَصْرَةِ فَكَانَ مَقَامُهُمْ عَلَى شَاطِئِ دِجْلَةَ ثُمَّ أَرَزُوا مَرَّاتٍ حَتَّى اسْتَقَرُّوا وَبَدَءُوا

As for the people of al-Basrah they stayed on the bank of the Tigris but then moved several times until they settled in the desert

فَأَمَّا أَهْلُ الْكُوفَةِ فَكَانَ مَقَامُهُمْ قَبْلَ نُزُولِهَا الْمَدَائِنَ إِلَى أَنْ وَطَنُوهَا

As for the people of al-Kufah they stayed in al-Mada’in before settling in al-Kufah

وَكَانَ إِيطَانُ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ الْبَصْرَةَ الْيَوْمَ وَإِيطَانُ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ الْكُوفَةَ الْيَوْمَ فِي شَهْرٍ وَاحِدٍ

The people of al-Ba§rah settled where al-Basrah is today, and the people of al-Kufah settled where al-Kufah is today, in the same month

وَأَمَرَ لَهُمْ بِنَهْرٍ يُجْرَى مِنْ دِجْلَةَ، فَسَاقُوا إِلَيْهَا نَهْرًا لِلشَّفَةِ

He ordered them to dig a canal through which water could be made to flow from the Tigris, so they dug a canal for drinking water to al-Basrah

فَنَزَلُوا فِي الرَّابِعَةِ الْبَصْرَةَ- وَالْبَصْرَةُ كُلُّ أَرْضٍ حِجَارَتُهَا جِصٌّ

At the fourth time they halted in a stony tract (albastah) "al-basrah is used for any land of which the stones are gypsum

ثُمَّ شَكَوْا ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَمَرَهُ عُمَرُ بِأَنْ يُنْزِلَ الْحَجَرَ بَعْدَ ثَلاثَةِ أَوْطَانٍ إِذَا اجْتَوَوُا الطِّينَ

The people then complained about this until finally, after three attempts at settle-ment, Umar ordered him to halt in the desert because they disliked the clayey ground

فَأَقَامَ قَلِيلا ثُمَّ أَرَزَ

He stayed there for a while, then moved elsewhere

لَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ غَزْوَانَ الْمَازِنِيُّ مِنْ بَنِي مَازِنَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ مِنَ الْمَدَائِنِ إِلَى فرج الْهِنْدِ، نَزَلَ عَلَى الشَّاطِئِ بِحِيَالِ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ

When ‘Utbah b. Ghazwan al-Mazini "from the Banu Mazin b. Man§ur" set out from al-Mada’in to the "opening of India" "far" alHind), he halted at the shore, facing the Arabian peninsula

وعَنْ سَيْفٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَطَلْحَةَ وَالْمُهَلَّبِ وَعَمْرٍو، قَالُوا

According to Sayf — Muhammad, Talhah, al-Muhallab, and ‘Amr

وَسَيُجَرِّبُونَ النَّاسَ بَعْدَنَا

The people will have experience of the amirs who will follow us

فَمَا مِنَّا مِنْ أُولَئِكَ السَّبْعَةِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلا وَهُوَ أَمِيرُ مِصْرٍ مِنَ الأَمْصَارِ

There was none among us who has not become amir of a newly established garrison town (misr

وَالْتَقَطْتُ بُرْدَةً فَشَقَقْتُهَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ سَعْدٍ

I picked up a mantle and shared it with Sa‘d

مَا لَنَا طَعَامٌ إِلا وَرَقُ السمرِ، حَتَّى تَقَرَّحَتْ أَشْدَاقُنَا

We did not have anything to eat except for leaves of acacia trees, so that our mouths became ulcerated

وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي وَأَنَا سَابِعُ سَبْعَةٍ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص

In a dream I saw myself as one of seven men in the company of the Prophet

وَلَقَدْ ذُكِرَ لِي أَنَّ مَا بَيْنَ مِصْرَاعَيْنِ مِنْ مَصَارِيعِ الْجَنَّةِ مَسِيرَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ عَامًا، وَلَيَأْتِيَنَّ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمٌ وهو كظيظ بزحام

I was also told that a walk between two of the gates of Paradise would take forty years, but a day will come when it will be crammed full

أَوَعَجِبْتُمْ

Do you wonder at it

وَلَتَمْلأَنَّهُ

"Nevertheless," Hell will be filled

وَقَدْ ذُكِرَ لِي" لَوْ أَنَّ صَخْرَةً أُلْقِيَتْ مِنْ شَفِيرِ جَهَنَّمَ هَوَتْ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا

I was told that if a rock were to be hurled from the brink of Hell, it would be falling for seventy years

فَانْتَقِلُوا بِخَيْرِ مَا بِحَضْرَتِكُمْ

Move with the best things in your possession

أَلا وَإِنَّكُمْ مُنْتَقِلُونَ مِنْهَا إِلَى دَارِ الْقَرَارِ

You are about to move from it to the Abode of Permanence

وَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهَا إِلا صَبَابَةٌ كَصَبَابَةِ الإِنَاءِ

Nothing but a small part of it remains, like a small quantity of water in a vessel

فَقَامَ يَخْطُبُ، فَقَالَ" إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا قَدْ تَصَرَّمَتْ وَوَلَّتْ حَذَّاءَ

He stood up to deliver a sermon and said" This world is coming to an end, quickly turning back and passing away

فَرَفَعُوا لَهُ مِنْبَرًا

A pulpit was erected for ‘Utbah

وَكَانَ يَوْمَ عِكَاكٍ وَوَمَدٍ

It was a hot and humid day

فَقَالَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ غَزْوَانَ" ابْغُوا لَنَا مَنْزِلا هُوَ أَنْزَهَ مِنْ هَذَا

‘Utbah b. Ghazwan said" "Seek for us a halting place more salubrious than this

فَحَمَلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَتَلُوهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ، فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلا صَاحِبُ الْفُرَاتِ، أَخَذُوهُ أَسِيرًا

They attacked the Persians and killed them all; nobody survived except the governor of al-Furat, whom they took prisoner

حَتَّى إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ، قَالَ" احْمِلُوا

When the sun declined, ‘Utbah gave the order" "Attack

فَجَعَلَ عُتْبَةُ يَزْجِلُ، وَقَالَ" إِنِّي شَهِدْتُ الحرب مع النبي ص

‘Utbah raised his voice and said" "I have participated in warfare together with the Prophet

اجْعَلُوا فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمُ الْحِبَالَ، وَأْتُونِي بِهِمْ

Tie their necks with ropes and bring them to me

فَقَالَ" مَا هُمْ إِلا مَا أَرَى

He said" "They are nothing except what I see

فَأَقْبَلَ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ آلافِ إِسْوَارٍ

The gov-emor moved out with four thousand horsemen

وَهُمْ يُرِيدُونَكَ

They are heading toward you

فاتوه فقالوا" ان هاهنا قَوْمًا مَعَهُمْ رَايَةٌ

Some people came to the governor and said" "A group of men with a banner are here

فَقَالُوا" هَاهُنَا أُمِرْتُمْ، فَنَزَلُوا دُونَ صَاحِبِ الْفُرَاتِ

They said" "This is the place where you were ordered (to halt)," so they halted short of "crossing into the territory of" the governor of the city of al-Furat "saljib alFurdt

فَإِذَا فِيهِ حُلَفَاءٌ وَقصب نابتة

There were tall grass and sprouting reeds

فَسَارُوا حَتَّى بَلَغُوا حِيَالَ الْجِسْرِ الصَّغِيرِ

Then they moved on and reached a place in front of a small bridge

حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِالْمِرْبَدِ وَجَدُوا هَذَا الْكذان قَالُوا" مَا هَذِهِ الْبَصْرَةِ

When they reached al-Mirbad, they found soft stones (kadhdhan) and said" "What are these soft stones (al-basrah

فَأَقْبَلُوا

They marched out

حَتَّى إِذَا كُنْتُمْ فِي أَقْصَى أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ وَأَدْنَى أَرْضِ الْعَجَمِ، فَأَقِيمُوا

When you reach the farthest part of the Arab land and the closest part of the non-Arab land, then halt

بَعَثَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ غَزْوَانَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ" انْطَلِقْ أَنْتَ وَمَنْ مَعَكَ

‘Umar b. al-Khaftab dispatched ‘Utbah b. Ghazwan and said to him" "Set out, you and those who are with you

وأما مُحَمَّد بْن بشار، فإنه حَدَّثَنَا، قَالَ" حَدَّثَنَا صَفْوَانُ بْنُ عِيسَى الزُّهْرِيُّ، قَالَ" حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عِيسَى أَبِو نَعَامَةَ الْعَدَوِيُّ، قَالَ" سَمِعْتُ خَالِدَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ وَشُوَيْسًا أَبَا الرُّقَادِ، قَالا

According to Muhammad b. Bashshar—safwan b. ‘Isa al-Zuhri— ‘Amr b. ‘Isa Abu Na‘amah al-‘Adawi—Khalid b. ‘Umayr and Shuwaysh Abu al-Ruqqad

فَأَقَامَ عُتْبَةُ أَشْهُرًا لا يَغْزُو وَلا يَلْقَى أَحَدًا

‘Utbah stayed there for several months without making any raids and without confronting anyone

فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ" اجْمَعْ لِلنَّاسِ مَوْضِعًا وَاحِدًا، وَلا تُفَرِّقْهُمْ

‘Umar wrote back to him" "Gather the people together in one place and do not scatter them

فَكَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ، وَوَصَفَ لَهُ مَنْزِلَهُ

‘Utbah mote to ‘Umar and described for him the area in which he had encamped

وَثِنْتَانِ فِي مَوْضِعِ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ وَوَاحِدَةٌ بِالزَّابُوقَةِ

TWo were in al-Khuraybah, two in the area of alAzd, two in the area of Banu Tamim, and one in al-Zabuqah

وَلَيْسَ بِهَا إِلا سَبْعُ دَسَاكِرَ، بِالزَّابُوقَةِ وَالْخُرَيْبَةِ وَمَوْضِعِ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ وَالأَزْدِ" ثِنْتَانِ بِالْخُرَيْبَةِ، وَثِنْتَانِ بِالأَزْدِ

"In the area of al-Basrah" there were seven villages (dasakii)" in al-ZIbuqah, in Khuraybah, in the area of Banu Tamim, and in the area of al-Azd

فَنَزَلَ الْخُرَيْبَةَ

'Utbah encamped in al-Khuraybah

وَالْبَصْرَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍ تُدْعَى أَرْضَ الْهِنْدِ فِيهَا حِجَارَةٌ بِيضٌ خَشِنٌ

At that time al-Ba§rah was called "the land of India," and therewere white, coarse stones in it

فقدم البصره في خمسمائة، يَزِيدُونَ قَلِيلا أَوْ يَنْقُصُونَ قَلِيلا، فَنَزَلَهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلِ- أَوِ الآخِرِ- سَنَةَ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ

He reached al-Ba§rah with five hundred men, more or less, and encamped there in the month of RabI' al-Awwal or Rabi' al-Akhir of the year 14/635-36

فَأَقْبَلَ عُتْبَةُ فِي ثلاثمائة وَبِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلا، وَضَوى إِلَيْهِ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الاعراب واهل البوادى

‘Utbah set off with three hundred and ten odd men and was joined by some Bedouins and inhabitants of the desert

وَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ، وَاحْكُمْ بِالْعَدْلِ، وَصَلِّ الصَّلاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا، وَأَكْثِرْ ذِكْرَ اللَّهِ

Fear God as much as you can, rule with justice, perform the prayer at the appointed time, and remember God frequently

فَسِرْ عَلَى بَرَكَةِ اللَّهِ

So go with the blessing of God

وَلَسْتُ آمَنُ أَنْ يَمُدَّهُمْ إِخْوَانُهُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ فَارِسَ، فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُوَجِّهَكَ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْهِنْدِ، لِتَمْنَعَ أَهْلَ تِلْكَ الْجِيزَةِ مِنْ إِمْدَادِ إِخْوَانِهِمْ عَلَى إِخْوَانِكُمْ، وَتُقَاتِلَهُمْ، لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَفْتَحَ عَلَيْكُمْ

I do not feel safe that their Persian brethren will not help them. I therefore wish to send you to "al-Ubullah, known as" "the land of India" in order that you may prevent the people of that area from assisting their brethren against your brethren and in order to fight them; it may be that God will grant you victory

وَقُتِلَ عَظِيمٌ مِنْ عُظَمَائِهَا

One of the chieftains of al-Hirah was killed

فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِعُتْبَةَ- يَعْنِي ابْنَ غَزْوَانَ-" قَدْ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَزَّ عَلَى إِخْوَانِكُمُ الْحِيرَةَ وَمَا حَوْلَهَا

‘Umar said to ‘Utbah—meaning Ibn Ghazwan" God the Exalted has conquered at the hand of your brethren al-HIrah and its vicinity

قُتِلَ مِهْرَانُ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ فِي صَفَر

Mihran was killed in the month of safar in the year 14/ March-April 635

كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ السَّرِيُّ، عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْهُ فَحَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ شَبَّةَ، قَالَ" حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مِخْنَفٍ، عَنْ مُجَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ

According to al-Sari—Shu'ayb" according to ‘Umar b. Shabbah; according to 'Ali b. Mubammad — Abu Mikhnaf — Mujalid — al Sha'bi

وجهه إليها سعد بأمر عمر

He was sent there by Sa'd according to 'Umar's orders