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Viral image

2021-01-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Voting machines didn’t work in heavily GOP areas for the Georgia runoff elections, leaving some voters unable to cast ballots.

Tom Kertscher

2021-01-07 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/07/facebook-posts/no-sign-widespread-voting-machine-problems-gop-are/

No sign of widespread voting machine problems in GOP areas in Georgia runoffs

A few hours after the start of in-person, election-day voting in Georgia’s Jan. 5 runoffs, claims surfaced that voting machines in heavily Republican areas weren’t working. The implication: that the problems disadvantaged Republicans David Perdue and Kelly Loeffler, who were being challenged by Democrats Jon Ossoff and the Rev. Raphael Warnock.  The Democrats won both races, effectively shifting control of the Senate from the GOP to the Democrats. Some of the claims appeared in an article, widely shared on Facebook, from TrendingPolitics, including an assertion that some voters said they were "unable to cast their votes in the Georgia runoff election." TrendingPolitics describes itself as a pro-Donald Trump website that provides conservative commentary on the news. The article was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The claims amount to isolated instances of temporary machine breakdowns, some reported secondhand, with no evidence that ballots that presumably contained votes for Perdue and Loeffler were not counted. The article included tweets from two people who said vote-scanning machines were not working when they cast ballots in what they described as heavily Republican parts of Georgia. One man tweeted that he filled out a ballot in Newton County, Ga., which he described as heavily Republican. Ossoff and Warnock both won the county handily. The county seat of Newton is Covington, which is about 35 miles southeast of Atlanta. The man tweeted that he was told by a poll worker that the machine wasn’t working and that the ballot would be scanned after the machine was fixed. The man later tweeted that when his wife voted later, the machine was working. Philip Johnson, chairman of the Newton County elections board, said a scanner at one precinct jammed, but another scanner was used and there were no delays in scanning ballots. At another precinct, about 100 ballots had to be put in an emergency ballot box while the one scanner was repaired and the ballots were scanned after the scanner was repaired.  Another Twitter user cited in the article tweeted that the scanners "are down"  where he cast his ballot in Sandy Springs in what he described as a heavily GOP precinct of Fulton County, where Atlanta is the county seat. He suggested that meant Democrats would be in charge of putting his ballot, with votes for Perdue and Loeffler, into the scanner. Ossoff and Warnock won the county overwhelmingly. Fulton County spokeswoman Jessica Corbitt-Dominguez said there could have been isolated instances of scanning machines not working temporarily, and of poll workers needing to feed ballots into the scanners after the scanners were fixed. Corbitt-Dominguez said this is a common method for handling small numbers of ballots that could not be scanned by voters themselves. But she said she heard of no widespread problems in any precincts. Another Twitter exchange cited in the article said ballots were being placed in boxes in Paulding County to be fed into scanners once they were repaired. The Paulding County seat is in Dallas, about 30 miles northwest of Atlanta. Perdue and Loeffler won the county overwhelmingly. Paulding County’s election director did not return a call seeking comment. But Paulding County reported that one ballot scanner stopped working and voters placed their ballots in an "emergency ballot box" until the scanner was replaced about 30 minutes later, when scanning resumed, according to the Atlanta Journal-Constitution. "Voting did not cease at any time and all ballots have been tabulated," a statement from the county said. The TrendingPolitics article also included a clip of an interview that John Fredericks, a conservative radio host in Virginia, did on the morning of Jan. 5 on Stephen Bannon’s "War Room Pandemic" podcast. Fredericks said multiple callers to his show said that around 10 a.m. scanning machines in three of the largest Republican precincts were not working and that poll workers told voters that once the machines were fixed, the workers would put the ballots into the machines. In the clip, Fredericks did not identify the location of precincts. He did not reply to our emails. President Trump made similar claims in a tweet shortly after noon on Jan. 5: "Reports are coming out of the 12th Congressional District of Georgia that Dominion Machines are not working in certain Republican Strongholds for over an hour. Ballots are being left in lock boxes, hopefully they count them. Thank you Congressman @RickAllen!" Georgia voting system implementation manager Gabriel Sterling, a Republican, responded to Trump by tweeting: "And this issue in Columbia Co. was resolved hours ago and our office informed the public about it in real time. The votes of everyone will be protected and counted. Sorry you received old intel Mr. President." In a statement, the Georgia secretary of state’s office said that in Columbia County outside of Augusta, parts of which are in the 12th congressional district, there were programming problems that required some votes to be cast on emergency ballots, but that the problems were resolved by 10 a.m.  Perdue and Loeffler won Columbia County overwhelmingly. There were no indications of widespread problems. Asked at a news conference on Jan. 6 if there was any evidence of fraud or irregularities, Sterling said no.  "We’ve seen nothing widespread, we’ve seen nothing that seems real in any way, shape or form, quite honestly." He also said: "Nobody was complaining about lines. Nobody’s saying they were disenfranchised. Everybody who wanted to vote had the opportunity to vote and we feel very proud of that fact." The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported that despite a turnout of 1.2 million voters, there were a limited number of glitches, with voters waiting in line an average of one to five minutes to cast a ballot.  Election protection lawyers reported no major problems with voting machines or extended waits at polling places, according to the New York Times. Our ruling An article shared on Facebook claimed that during the Jan. 5 Georgia runoff elections voting machines didn’t work in some heavily Republican areas and that some voters were kept from casting their votes. President Trump shared similar reports about broken machines. Election officials said that while there may have been some isolated mechanical issues, the matters were resolved and there is no indication that votes were not cast as a result of those problems. Election protection lawyers, local media and Georgia’s  secretary of state all confirmed there was no indication of widespread problems. We rate the statement Mostly False.

Georgia,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-05 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

President Donald Trump will hold his inauguration for a second term at Mar-a-Lago

Amy Sherman

2020-12-18 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/18/facebook-posts/dont-fall-fake-post-trump-will-hold-inauguration-m/

Don’t fall for the fake post that Trump will hold an inauguration at Mar-a-Lago

President Donald Trump hasn’t made a concession speech or explained what he will do during Joe Biden’s inauguration, but a Facebook post announcing that Trump will hold his own inauguration at his private club Mar-a-Lago is a fake. The Facebook post, which contains a Trump-Pence campaign logo, shows an announcement purportedly signed by Bill Stepien, Trump’s campaign manager. The Dec. 16 post says that Trump is the winner of the 2020 election and that he and his administration "look forward to the January 20th Inauguration of their continuation of power and Second Term! This celebration of our president will take place at the President’s residence at Mar-A-Lago, or the winter White House." The post also states that "any attempt to remove the Trump administration will require force." This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The Facebook post is fake, a Trump campaign spokesman confirmed. We looked at the events tab on the Trump campaign website, and it makes no mention of a Jan. 20 event — the only events are appearances by Vice President Mike Pence in Georgia. Stepien’s Twitter account showed his last tweet was Nov. 5. Trump never officially conceded the election, but told reporters on Thanksgiving  that he would leave the White House if the Electoral College chose Biden, even as he pressed his baseless claims of election fraud. "Certainly I will, and you know that," he said. "But I think that there will be a lot of things happening between now and the 20th of January, a lot of things. Massive fraud has been found." Massive fraud has not been found, according to officials in Trump’s own administration, and the Electoral College did vote for Biden. Judges nationwide have tossed out dozens of Trump lawsuits  challenging the results of the Nov. 3 election. Trump hasn’t announced plans for Jan. 20 It’s unclear whether Trump will attend Biden’s inauguration. News reports based on anonymous sources said Trump is considering holding a campaign event for himself Jan. 20.  White House spokesperson Judd Deere told PolitiFact: "Anonymous sources who claim to know what the President is or is not considering have no idea. When President Trump has an announcement about his plans for Jan. 20, he will let you know." President Barack Obama and first lady Michelle Obama pose with President-elect Donald Trump and his wife, Melania, at the White House in Washington, Friday, Jan. 20, 2017. (AP) Traditionally, the departing president hosts the president-elect at the White House, and then attends his successor’s inauguration, as a symbol of the peaceful transfer of power. Trump plans to move to Mar-a-Lago, his private club in Palm Beach, Fla., following his presidency, but those plans are being challenged. The Washington Post reported that a lawyer for neighbors wrote to Palm Beach officials asserting that Trump can’t live there under the terms of his 1993 agreement with the town. Mar-a-Lago club members can’t spend more than 21 days in the guest suites or more than seven consecutive days in a year. The Post said Trump spent at least 130 days at Mar-a-Lago during his presidency. It’s unclear if town officials will take any action. Our ruling A Facebook post purporting to be from the Trump campaign said Trump will hold his inauguration for a second term at Mar-a-Lago. The Trump campaign confirmed the post is a fake. Trump lost his bid for a second term and plans to move to Mar-a-Lago after his presidency ends. Het has not announced what he will do during Biden’s Jan. 20 inauguration. We rate this statement Pants on Fire. RELATED: Timeline: How Donald Trump responded to the coronavirus pandemic  

Florida,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-12-04 00:00:00

Facebook posts:

Say North Carolina Gov. Roy Cooper was arrested for driving while intoxicated in Stanly County.

Paul Specht

2020-12-18 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/18/facebook-posts/no-roy-cooper-did-not-get-dui-stanly-county/

No, Roy Cooper did not get a DUI in Stanly County

A social media rumor claims North Carolina’s governor has gotten himself into legal trouble while driving. Multiple Facebook users have claimed that Gov. Roy Cooper was caught drinking and driving in Stanly County, just east of Charlotte. On Dec. 6, one woman's Facebook post was shared more than 200 times: "Why is the news NOT reporting on North Carolina’s Governor Roy A. Cooper’s arrest, incarceration, and charges of aggravated DUI on Friday night in Stanly County, NC?" When another Facebook user said he hadn’t seen any news about the alleged arrest, the woman posted a video of herself talking to her Amazon Echo Dot. An Echo Dot is a voice-controlled speaker that can play music, control smart home devices, make calls and even search the internet for answers to questions. In the video, which she also posted on Dec. 4, the woman asks: "Alexa, is North Carolina Governor Roy A. Cooper in jail?" The device responds: "Here’s something I found on the web, according to (indecipherable), he’s being held in the Stanly County jail." So is it true? No. PolitiFact found no evidence that Cooper was recently pulled over, caught drunk, or even charged with a crime -- much less in Stanly County. What the sheriff said WRAL’s data reporter checked court dockets for records and found nothing. Stanly County Sheriff Jeffrey Crisco, a Republican, told PolitiFact NC he’s "received numerous calls, texts, emails, and phone calls" about the rumor. Here’s his full email: "Over the past week to week and a half I have received numerous calls, texts, emails, and phone calls regarding ‘A Law Enforcement Agency,’ not specific to the Stanly County Sheriff's Office, regarding Governor Cooper. I can tell you that Governor Cooper wasn't booked into our Detention Center. I have also contacted our Communications Center, which is its own agency, and had them check all radio traffic on date and times that were given to myself. The director told me that there isn't any radio traffic with any of our agencies in Stanly County stopping Governor Cooper. We have also contacted the Line Sergeant, with the Highway Patrol and he stated that none of his Troopers stopped the Governor. Mr. Specht, I feel that we have exhausted all means trying to locate any truth to the rumor. At this point it is in fact just a rumor unless someone can come forward and provide some real evidence. I would greatly ask for your help in putting this matter to rest and if there is anything else I can help you with please let me know." An Amazon spokesperson told us that the company is looking into why the device responded the way it did in the woman’s video. The woman who posted the video didn’t respond to a Facebook message seeking comment. As for Cooper, spokesman Ford Porter said the Facebook claims are just "internet fantasy." Our ruling Multiple Facebook users claim that Cooper got caught driving while impaired in Stanly County. Court dockets show no record of Cooper being charged with a crime. The Stanly County Sheriff says his deputies can find no record of Cooper being detained. And PolitiFact can find no evidence the rumor is accurate. We rate this claim False.

Crime,North Carolina,Facebook posts

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Kelly Loeffler

2020-12-09 00:00:00

an

Says Raphael Warnock has "said we need to open up the prisons" and "eliminate cash bail."

Tom Kertscher

2020-12-18 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/18/kelly-loeffler/ga-race-kelly-loeffler-distorts-raphael-warnocks-s/

In GA race, Kelly Loeffler distorts Raphael Warnock’s stances on prisons, bail

As part of painting the Rev. Raphael Warnock as a radical Democrat, GOP Sen. Kelly Loeffler claimed in a Dec. 9 Fox News interview that Warnock "said we need to open up the prisons, he said we need to eliminate cash bail."  It’s an attack she has made repeatedly.  Warnock for years has advocated for ending mass incarceration. But rather than simply freeing inmates from prison, he has called for reducing prison populations through measures such as decriminalizing marijuanaa. On cash bail, Warnock would keep the requirement that people charged with serious crimes be required to post cash bail in order to be released from jail while their cases are pending in court. But he would end that requirement for people charged with nonviolent misdemeanor crimes or municipal offenses. Who wins the Warnock-Loeffler race, along with who wins another Georgia runoff on Jan. 5 between GOP Sen. David Perdue and Democrat Jon Ossoff, will determine whether Republicans keep control of the Senate. Backs ending cash bail for minor offenses Cash bail has been an issue in the 2020 campaign. President-elect Joe Biden proposes leading a national effort to end cash bail, saying it "incarcerates people who are presumed innocent." But bail is more a state and local matter than a federal one.  As for Warnock, the pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Fox News on Nov. 24 reported on comments he made in 2018 in support of an Atlanta ordinance. Loeffler’s campaign did not respond to our request for information for this fact-check, but did issue a news release about the Fox News article. The Atlanta ordinance did not entirely end cash bail; it eliminated the bail requirement for people accused of nonviolent misdemeanor charges, or city ordinance violations, to post cash bail in order to be released from jail while their cases are pending. Before the ordinance was passed, according to the article, Warnock said: "In the United States of America, at least on paper, you are innocent until proven guilty... . The ability to pay your bond may only mean that you have a thriving drug business ... . We ought to stop separating people from their families just because they're poor." Some seven months after the ordinance took effect, when there was a marked increase in accused offenders not showing up for court, Warnock said: "We've made poverty a crime. We ought to call cash bail what (it) is: Wealth-based detention. Atlanta ought to be leading the way. Leave the ordinance in place." During the Senate campaign, Warnock has stated support for eliminating cash bail requirements for nonviolent offenses, saying: "People facing nonviolent misdemeanor charges who have not been convicted of a crime should not remain in jail simply because they can’t afford bail."  On at least one occasion, in a tweet, Warnock didn’t qualify his position, stating: "No one should be stuck in jail just because they can’t afford cash bail. Poverty is not a crime, we must end cash bail." His campaign reiterated to us that Warnock backs ending cash bail only for nonviolent offenses. "Open the jails" referred to decriminalizing marijuana The second part of Loeffler’s claim uses a Warnock remark without context. He commented about opening jail doors (not prison doors) not generally, but in commenting about legalizing marijuana. On Nov. 17, the conservative news website Breitbart posted an article with the headline: "Raphael Warnock: ‘Open Up the Jail Cells’; Called for Creation of ‘Militant Church.’" The article reported on comments Warnock made at a June 2019 conference at his church on ending mass incarceration. The article includes a video clip that was posted on YouTube by Loeffler’s campaign.  In the clip, Warnock says: "Marijuana is seen as an illegal substance. It’s a terrible irony, and we feel it, that right now in America, there are some folk who are becoming billionaires for selling the same stuff that’s got our children locked up all across America. Where is the justice? It’s not enough to decriminalize marijuana. Somebody’s got to open up the jails and let our children go." It’s the same clip that Loeffler’s campaign uses on the "Emptying the Prisons" section of its RadicalRaphael.com website. Loeffler has also used the Warnock remark, without context in  shorter clips, in an ad. The ad opens with Warnock saying, "Somebody’s got to open up the jails and let our children go"; and closes with him saying, "Open up the jails and let our children go."  Warnock has campaigned for ending mass incarceration, saying the rate of incarceration in the United States is a "scandal." He has expressed support for reducing mandatory minimum sentences and for programs that enable inmates to reduce their sentences by participating in certain programs. He supports decriminalizing marijuana and "reducing the prison population by enacting true sentencing reform." Warnock’s older brother, Keith, was released from prison in June after serving more than 22 years for a nonviolent drug-related offense.  Our ruling Loeffler said Warnock has "said we need to open up the prisons" and "eliminate cash bail." Warnock made a remark about opening jails in speaking about decriminalizing marijuana, which he supports. He supports reducing the prison population through measures such as sentencing reforms, not through simply releasing prison inmates.  Warnock supports eliminating the requirement for posting cash bail only for people who are charged with nonviolent misdemeanors or municipal offenses, so they would not have to stay in jail while their cases are pending in court. Loeffler’s statement contains an element of truth, but leaves out critical facts that would give a different impression. That’s our definition of Mostly False.

Georgia,Criminal Justice,Poverty,Kelly Loeffler

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Mike Parson

2020-11-12 00:00:00

a press conference:

“Schools that are consistently implementing COVID-19 mitigation strategies remain among the safest places for our students.”

Simone Esters

2020-12-17 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/17/mike-parson/how-safe-are-schools-covid-19-mitigation-strategie/

How safe are schools with COVID-19 mitigation strategies?

On Nov. 12, Missouri Gov. Mike Parson issued modified guidelines that redefined the need for student quarantines: A student doesn’t have to quarantine if the student comes into contact with someone who has COVID-19 but is wearing a mask. It’s part of Parson’s continuing push to keep children in schools rather than doing learning remotely. This guidance contradicted CDC guidelines, which recommend quarantine for anyone who has spent at least 15 minutes within 6 feet of an infected person.  In unveiling the guidelines, Parson said: "Schools that are consistently implementing COVID-19 mitigation strategies remain among the safest places for our students."  Which made us wonder: What are these strategies, and do they do enough to assume that those schools are safe? Mitigation strategies The CDC says schools may consider implementing several strategies to encourage behaviors that reduce the spread of COVID-19. CDC suggests that all school reopening plans address adherence to behaviors that prevent the spread of COVID-19. When used consistently and correctly, along with important mitigation strategies, masks are important to help slow the spread of COVID-19. Other important guidelines noted by the CDC are social distancing, washing hands, and regular cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces in schools and buses. Dr. Rachel Orscheln, associate professor of pediatrics in the division of infectious diseases at Washington University and St. Louis Children’s Hospital, joined Parson in announcing the policy. "We also know that some of these children will likely, at some point in their illness, be at school," she said. "However, we have learned that in schools where students and staff are always wearing masks and practicing physical distancing, this virus does not spread as easily as it does in other places where these strategies are not always used." Parson’s team also directed us to CDC Director Robert Redfield. At a White House coronavirus task force briefing on Nov. 20, he said:  "The truth is, for kids K-12, one of the safest places they can be, from our perspective, is to remain in school."  Data from the CDC determined children under the age of 18 make up only 10% of cases in the U.S., even though they represent 22% of the total population. Also, an international research study out of Spain has found that school reopenings are not the cause of community coronavirus surges.  According to the Missouri Department of Senior Health Services and the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, the minimum protocols schools should follow involve screening, physical distancing, and mask wearing. These techniques are proven to reduce the spread of the virus if implemented. A Syracuse University study found that careful use of surgical masks along with good ventilation reduced the estimated infection rate to 2%. Missouri’s protocols are in close alignment with the CDC’s recommendations on how to safely operate schools during COVID-19. Missouri has no mandate to ensure that these recommendations are followed; there is no statewide mask mandate in schools.  Additional data has found that children are less likely to contract and spread COVID-19 at school. Brown University economist Emily Oster studied in-school infection data from 47 states during the end of the September. Among more than 200,000 students and 63,000 staff who had returned to school, Oster determined an infection rate of 0.13% among students and 0.24% among staff compared to a national average of 4.8%.  But, in a research study from the American Association for Medical College (AAMC), associate professor of medicine and epidemiology at Boston University School of Medicine Benjamin Linas said, "You can only open your school safely if you have COVID under control in your community." For example, the Missouri communities with the two highest COVID-19 rates are St. Louis County and St. Charles County. Their schools have mitigation strategies in place but there is still evidence students contract COVID-19 in their communities and bring it to the classroom. About 3,066 of the coronavirus cases in St. Charles County were linked to exposures in schools. The St. Louis Department of Health noted that "schools in St. Louis County have seen significant transmissions of COVID-19 among teachers and students." There is a clear correlation between the safety of a community’s school and the number of cases in that community. "You can have the best laid plans in classrooms, but if kids are not following social distancing and mask usage outside of school, they’re going to bring COVID into the school with them," the AAMC study says.  Our ruling  Parson said, "Schools that are consistently implementing COVID-19 mitigation strategies remain among the safest places for our students."  Parson is correct to affirm the data and statement from the CDC Director Robert Redfield regarding COVID-19 and children in schools, but Parson’s statement does not reflect the risk of opening a school with mitigation strategies in areas where there are high COVID-19 rates in the community. We rate this claim Mostly True. CORRECTION, Dec. 18: This story has been updated to include more recent data from the CDC for the percentage of children with COVID-19 and the correct link to an international research study from Spain.

Corrections and Updates,Education,Missouri,Mike Parson

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Iowa Republican Party

2020-11-27 00:00:00

a tweet:

“Millions of Hubbell and Bloomberg dollars wasn’t enough to overcome the Iowa House Republican avalanche of success."

Seth Taylor

2020-12-17 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/17/iowa-republican-party/fred-hubbell-donated-big-iowa-dems-mike-bloomberg-/

Fred Hubbell donated big to Iowa Dems, but Mike Bloomberg didn’t

Post-election hand-wringing is well underway among Democrats and Republicans, with Democrats asking themselves why their performance in this year’s general election in Iowa was so disappointing when they commanded a significant fundraising advantage over Republicans. Iowa’s Democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate Theresa Greenfield, for example, raised more than twice the amount of her opponent, Republican incumbent Joni Ernst. Yet Greenfield lost by almost 7 percentage points. That trend proved true in Iowa’s state and local races as well. Iowa Republicans flipped seven Iowa House seats and maintained control of all their Senate seats, even though the Iowa Democratic Party outraised the Republican Party of Iowa by almost $3 million. Iowa Republican Party Chairman Jeff Kaufmann made note of that when he tweeted on Nov. 27 that "Sir Frederick Hubbell literally blew 100s of thousands of dollars on #ialegis races where there were plenty of reasons to believe the GOP would win, but he had an ax to grind with the family or candidate." Sir Frederick Hubbell literally blew 100s of thousands of dollars on #ialegis races where there were plenty of reasons to believe the GOP would win, but he had an ax to grind with the family or candidate. Hubbell's rather infantile anger certainly got in the way of common sense.— Jeff Kaufmann (@kaufmannGOP) November 27, 2020 It was a reference to Fred Hubbell, a wealthy Des Moines businessman who is a significant Democratic Party donor and the party’s 2018 candidate for Iowa governor. In a subsequent tweet on Nov. 28, Kaufmann wrote: "Millions of Hubbell and Bloomberg dollars wasn’t enough to overcome the Iowa House Republican avalanche of success. Sir Frederick and Little Mike have the political skills of President Millard Fillmore." Millions of Hubbell and Bloomberg dollars wasn't enough to overcome the Iowa House Republican avalanche of success. Sir Frederick and Little Mike have the political skills of President Millard Fillmore. #ialegis #iapolitics— Jeff Kaufmann (@kaufmannGOP) November 28, 2020 The White House biography of Millard Fillmore describes the nation’s 13th president as an "uninspiring man." We looked at whether Hubbell and Bloomberg really spent millions so ineffectually during the general election. Bloomberg, the billionaire former Mayor of New York who ran for president unsuccessfully this year, is known as a Democratic fundraising giant and has donated to Iowa campaigns in the past. He donated $250,000 to Hubbell’s 2018 gubernatorial campaign and another $250,000 to the Iowa Democratic Party that same year, campaign reports show. This year, however, Bloomberg did not donate money to Iowa’s state legislative candidates or the party, according to data from the Iowa Elections and Campaign Disclosure Board, so spending by him could not have been thwarted by Republican House success in the election.  Hubbell is a different story. The former gubernatorial candidate who lost to Republican Kim Reynolds in 2018, Hubbell continued to be a regular Democratic Party donor in 2020. Hubbell has donated $156,450 to Iowa Democratic candidates for the Legislature and Democratic organizations since Jan. 1, financial disclosure reports examined at the beginning of December showed. Hubbell’s wife, Charlotte Hubbell, donated $5,350, and combined, the two have donated $164,300. While individual contributions to campaigns are important, political action committees (PACs) are another aspect of campaign finance. Because PACs are not as tightly regulated as campaign committees, it’s difficult sometimes to know where that money comes from or what is done with it. But, we know that the Better Democracy PAC, which Fred and Charlotte Hubbell founded in 2019 with the goal of flipping the Iowa House, donated $1,150,864 to Iowa House candidates, the Democratic Party and party funds such as ActBlue and Path to Victory.  It’s fair to say that Fred Hubbell spent thousands of dollars in this election cycle. Judging whether or not that money was put to good use is a subjective call. Neither Hubbell nor the Better Democracy PAC could be reached for comment when PolitiFact tried to contact them. Of the 23 Democratic state legislative candidates whom the Hubbells and the Better Democracy PAC donated to directly, eight won and 15 lost. Of those who won, two won by more than 10 percentage points and two ran unchallenged. Of those who lost, six lost by more than 10 percentage points and two lost by almost 30 percentage points. Other races were more tightly contested, though, with some being decided by just a few hundred votes. We tried to reach Kaufmann for comment for this story several times but did not hear back from him. Our ruling The claim that Michael Bloomberg spent substantially in this year’s Iowa legislative races is false. He did not donate directly to any legislative candidates in 2020. He donated to political organizations that, in turn, donated to other political organizations that sent money to Iowa candidates, but others also contributed to those organizations to support Democrats in several states. Saying Bloomberg donated to the organizations to pump thousands of his dollars to Iowa would distort how that funding is distributed. Hubbell, on the other hand, donated to Iowa legislative candidates, both personally and through the Better Democracy PAC. While the motivation behind Hubbell’s spending is unclear, it’s true that several of the candidates Hubbell supported were defeated handily by Republicans, a point Kaufmann can make in his argument about Hubbell. However, other Democratic legislative candidates Hubbell supported financially won or lost by just a few hundred votes, indicating some of those races were competitive. We’re splitting the difference here with the claims about Bloomberg’s spending false and Hubbell’s spending true, for a rating for the tweet of Half True.

Campaign Finance,Elections,Iowa,Iowa Republican Party

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10959, 369, 279, 12072, 315, 26924, 3082, 627]

Facebook posts

2020-12-11 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“This whole COVID thing? It’s a SIMULATION.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-12-17 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/17/facebook-posts/no-covid-19-not-simulation/

No, COVID-19 is not a simulation

PolitiFact recently named its Lie of the Year, a dishonor that in 2020 was awarded to the downplay and denial of the coronavirus. We’ve debunked dozens and dozens of inaccurate claims about COVID-19 since the first case was reported in China in December 2019. That misinformation has included social media posts about how the coronavirus was man-made, engineered in a lab, or just a hoax.  Another allegation that is also wrong: that the pandemic is a simulation.  "This whole COVID thing?" one Facebook post said. "It’s a SIMULATION. In September 2019 - the WHO put out a paper that all countries AGREED to do. That’s how they got the ENTIRE world to lock down at the SAME TIME. We’re now in the 2nd testing ‘deliberately released airborne AGENT.’ You’ll notice they didn’t say BIOLOGICAL. It’s the SECOND SIMULATION all nations agreed to in September 2019 in the WHO report."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The post links to two documents: "A World at Risk: Annual report on global preparedness for health emergencies" by the Global Preparedness Monitoring Board, which is co-convened by the World Health Organization and the World Bank, and Food and Drug Administration instructions on how to use a "real-time RT-PCR diagnostic panel" — a COVID-19 test — from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  The post highlights pages from both documents. Let’s take them one by one. From the "World at Risk" report: "The United Nations (including WHO) conducts at least two system-wide training and simulation exercises, including one for covering the deliberate release of a lethal respiratory pathogen."  This is not a nefarious secret tucked away deep in a bureaucratic report.  The World Health Organization helps organize simulation exercises of public health emergencies to test how prepared communities and systems are to handle such crises.  In 2018, for example, WHO’s Global Emergency Operations Center and a global network of health emergency operation centers coordinated a simulation for a global pandemic response that involved participants from more than 40 countries. It was the first global pandemic response training exercise and the third in a series of simulations that year, according to WHO.  The scenario revolved around an influenza outbreak with the potential to turn into a pandemic in a made-up country called Mizzou off the coast of North America.  But there was no actual virus; the simulation exercise took place online and within the offices of WHO emergency operation centers. The point of the exercise was to test plans and procedures, and identify problems that could occur in an actual pandemic — like the one we’re experiencing now. WHO has also developed a simulation exercise for COVID-19 "to support countries’ preparedness effort" during the outbreak, according to the organization. It’s tabletop exercise that includes PowerPoint presentations and guides to help countries "develop and update their national deployment and vaccination plan" and "conceptualize and manage ongoing (local) COVID-19 outbreaks in the country." Now, let’s look at the FDA instructions on how to use a COVID-19 test. The post includes an image of a highlighted section from a highly technical portion of the FDA document and concludes that the passage proves the tests were faked. "On Dec 1st 2020," the posts says, "the CDC released a report, and part of it includes how THE VIRUS WAS NOT ISOLATED - meaning the tests were completely faked. They were all spiked with ‘positive’ virus samples to show a positive - straight from the laboratory samples, in order to produce something tangible for the simulation." We reached out to the CDC about the claim.  Kristen Nordlund, a spokesperson with the agency, told us that the FDA instructions featured in the Facebook post reflect a COVID-19 test that was developed before the CDC had a live virus. The instructions are not evidence that the pandemic is a simulation.   CDC developed the test using genomic sequencing information because it didn’t yet have a live virus or samples from confirmed COVID-19 patients, Nordlund said. By Jan. 18 it was using this test on samples from people with suspected cases of COVID-19.  A few days later, the CDC used a sample from the first confirmed COVID-19 case in the United States to start growing the virus. By Jan. 31, there were six confirmed cases in the United States and the CDC asked the FDA for emergency use authorization to distribute its test to other public health laboratories. The FDA granted that request on Feb. 4. For many, news that COVID-19 vaccines have been approved in the United States and elsewhere in the world came as a relief. As of Dec. 17, more than 74.5 million cases had been confirmed globally, according to Johns Hopkins University. More than 1.6 million people have died.  In the United States, where some cities are seeing cases skyrocket, more than 17 million people have gotten sick from the coronavirus and more than 308,000 have died.  We rate this Facebook post Pants on Fire!

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Joe Biden

2020-12-16 00:00:00

a transportation secretary announcement:

“Tens and tens of thousands of bridges are in disrepair, some on the verge of collapse.”

Jon Greenberg

2020-12-17 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/17/joe-biden/us-bridges-need-fixing-joe-biden-overstates-immedi/

US bridges need fixing, but Joe Biden overstates the immediate threat

Democrats have argued for decades that jobs, economic growth and progress on climate change all meet at the Transportation Department. As he announced his transportation secretary nominee Pete Buttigieg, President-elect Joe Biden hit each of those points, plus the simple need for safety. "Tens and tens of thousands of bridges are in disrepair, some on the verge of collapse, presenting a clear and present danger to people’s lives," Biden said Dec. 16. Bipartisan efforts to deal with the nation’s aging infrastructure are a fairly regular occurrence, and for good reason. Over 40% of bridges are at least 50 years old. State and local governments repair them regularly, but Biden’s words focused on the work that remains. Based on government numbers, Biden described the challenge fairly accurately, although experts told us his words about the immediate risk are overblown. Bridges are generally closed before they reach the stage where a collapse is imminent. A construction trade group, the American Road and Transportation Builders Association, reported that over 46,000 bridges meet the definition of "structurally deficient." In layman’s terms, that means key parts of those bridges, perhaps steel struts or concrete supports, are rusting, cracked or otherwise in poor shape. Such bridges must be inspected every year, and engineers know that they need significant work, if not total replacement. There are different ways to calculate the number of structurally deficient bridges. The Congressional Research Service said there were 56,000 in 2016, representing about 9% of the total. The transportation builders use a lower number, with data current through 2019. That group estimates about 7.5% of the nation’s total fall into the worst category. The danger of crumbling bridges is real, and it’s not limited to the most deteriorated ones. A chunk of concrete from a bridge in Michigan injured a woman in February 2020 as she drove under it. The bridge was rated as being in "fair" condition, a notch below "good", and a notch above "poor." A state official told the local newspaper it was "not the worst bridge out there." If Biden’s comment about the number of bridges in the worst shape is on the money, his warning about bridges "on the verge of collapse" is overly dire. "There are no bridges in the U.S. that are open that are in danger of imminent collapse," said the American Society of Civil Engineers’ Maria Lehman.  The operative word is "open." While hidden design flaws, such as the one behind a 2007 fatal bridge collapse in Minneapolis, might be out there, inspection data does not show that motorists are driving over bridges that could crumble beneath them. Under federal guidelines, state inspectors rate bridges on a 0 to 9 scale, with zero being "failed condition" and 9 being "excellent condition." "At a 3 (serious condition), generally bridges are closed," Lehman said. Chung C. Fu, director of the University of Maryland’s Bridge Engineering Software and Technology Center, amplified that point. "If the rating drops to 2 or less, the bridge is long since closed," Fu said. Bridges vary greatly. The Congressional Research Service noted that about 80% of structurally deficient bridges are in rural areas. "These bridges tend to be small and relatively lightly traveled," they wrote. The transportation builders group estimates it would cost $164 billion to bring every bridge up to snuff. As a fraction of each state’s inventory, Rhode Island, West Virginia and Iowa have the greatest need, with about one out of five bridges deemed structurally deficient. There is some good news. Over the years, the fraction of bridges in poor shape has gone down, from nearly 11% in 2004 to just over 7% in 2019. Federal spending to repair them was as high as $9 billion in 2009 under the Great Recession recovery package. Since then, it has hovered around $6 billion. Our ruling Biden said there are "tens and tens of thousands" of bridges in disrepair, and some are on the verge of collapse. At least 46,000 bridges are rated to be in the worst shape. Most are in rural areas and are lightly used. Contrary to Biden’s dire description, engineering experts told us that no one is driving over bridges that could come down at any moment. Random events and human error aside, transportation officials close bridges before they reach that point. The accuracy of Biden’s words is mixed. We rate this claim Half True.  

National,Transportation,Joe Biden

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Instagram posts

2020-12-15 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

An Austrian politician “exposed the defectiveness of the government’s Covid-19 tests by demonstrating how even a glass of Coca Cola will test positive for Covid-19.”

Miriam Valverde

2020-12-17 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/17/instagram-posts/austrian-politician-goofed-testing-coca-cola-sampl/

Austrian politician goofed in testing Coca-Cola sample for COVID-19

An Instagram post is promoting the claim of an Austrian politician who argued that COVID-19 tests were junk because even a sample of Coca-Cola tested positive for the disease. "Austrian parliamentary member Michael Schnedlitz just exposed the defectiveness of the government’s Covid-19 tests by demonstrating how even a glass of Coca Cola will test positive for Covid-19," said the Dec. 15 Instagram post. The post includes a picture of Schnedlitz and an inset picture of a can of Coca-Cola and what is purported to be a COVID-19 rapid test device. This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) We found that the politician did conduct the test on a kit meant for testing blood samples for the presence of COVID-19 antibodies, and he said it yielded a positive result. But Dialab, the Austrian company that makes the rapid tests, said that happened because Schnedlitz didn’t handle or execute the test properly. Guidance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for similar rapid tests supports Dialab’s explanation. Schnedlitz’s test Schnedlitz posted a video on his Facebook page showing him dabbing a swab into a glass with a dark liquid and then gently tapping that swab on a COVID-19 rapid test device. Minutes later, he lifts the testing device and says that there is a positive result (according to YouTube’s auto-generated English captions of his speech in German). The caption for the Dec. 10 video (translated from German to English by Facebook) said: "Today I did a corona test live in Parliament. The corona mass tests are worthless! This also showed a simple experiment in Parliament where a Coke got a positive result!" Schnedlitz’ post argued that the government was wasting taxpayer money on the tests. "Today I proved in Parliament how moronic the government's corona mass tests are," Schnedlitz said in a follow-up Facebook post, according to the translated version. Dialab says Schnedlitz did the test wrong While Schnedlitz may have gotten a positive result, his conclusion about the tests isn’t supported, Dialab said, because his method was wrong. Had the test been conducted properly, the result would have been negative, Dialab said in a Facebook post, according to Facebook’s German to English translation. One error Schnedlitz made is that he did not add a buffer to the Coke "sample" before testing it. "In a properly executed test, the sample is always swirled first in a liquid (buffer) that keeps the pH constant," the company wrote. COVID-19 tests should also be conducted by hospital staff or people trained to administer them, Dialab said. Dialab’s Facebook post included a video of a test on a sample of Coke — treated first with a buffer — and it yielded a negative result. Dialab on its website lists its COVID-19 testing products, including the type used by Schnedlitz. That type of test seeks to detect COVID-19 IgG and IgM antibodies in serum, plasma or whole blood samples. PolitiFact reviewed instructions for some COVID-19 IgG and IgM rapid tests that have been given emergency use authorization by the FDA in the United States. Those instructions call for the use of a buffer in the testing procedure. That aligns with Dialab’s explanation of how its test works. Our ruling An Instagram post said, "Austrian parliamentary member Michael Schnedlitz just exposed the defectiveness of the government’s Covid-19 tests by demonstrating how even a glass of Coca Cola will test positive for Covid-19." Schnedlitz did place a sample of Coke on a rapid test for COVID-19 antibodies and said it tested positive. But the company that makes the test said that isn’t surprising — because Schnedlitz didn’t do the test correctly. He left out a key step that would have yielded a negative result. Schnedlitz proved not that the testing device is defective, but rather that he did the test incorrectly. We rate the Instagram post False.

Coronavirus,Instagram posts

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Instagram posts

2020-12-15 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

“6 states will cast their (electoral) votes for Trump AND for Biden,” which will lead to a second Trump term.

Noah Y. Kim

2020-12-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/16/instagram-posts/no-key-swing-states-did-not-cast-electoral-votes-b/

No, key swing states did not cast electoral votes for both Trump and Biden

As presidential electors across the U.S. formally affirmed Joe Biden’s win, some social media users hoped that Republican electors who cast symbolic votes for President Donald Trump in key swing states could secure a second Trump term.  One of these posts makes a series of misleading claims to craft an intricate theory of how Trump could still win the election despite losing both the electoral and popular votes.  "PA/GA/WI/MI/AZ/NV," reads a Dec. 15 Instagram post. "6 states will cast their votes for Trump AND for Biden. A state has sent dueling electors only once when 3 states sent dueling electors for Hyde and Tillman..." The post goes onto claim that this development will lead to a second Trump term.  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  Multiple legal experts and academics told us that the post is not based in fact.  It’s "somewhere between fantasy and hogwash," said Larry Sabato, director of the University of Virginia’s Center for Politics. What are shadow electors? Before a presidential election, state political parties nominate their candidates for the office of presidential elector.  Under Article II of the Constitution, each state legislature has complete discretion as to how it chooses its electors. Since the late 1800s, all electors have been appointed by popular vote. (Electors in Maine and Nebraska are chosen by popular vote at the congressional district rather than state level.)  During presidential elections, a vote for a particular presidential candidate is actually a vote for the slate of electors nominated by that candidate’s political party. The electors that win the popular vote in each state become eligible to cast votes in the electoral college for their party’s candidate.  This year, Biden won the election in the swing states of Pennsylvania, Georgia, Wisconsin, Michigan, Arizona and Nevada, and so his electors in those states became legally eligible to cast votes for him.  On Dec. 14, these electors gathered in state capitols and signed six "certificates of ascertainment" along with state governors, cementing Biden’s win.  However, in key swing states, would-be Trump electors — often referred to as "shadow electors" — gathered on the same day as the certified Biden electors and cast symbolic votes for Trump. Election law experts told us that the votes of these shadow electors, however, have no legal significance because they were not certified by state governments.  Since Biden won the popular vote in all states mentioned in the post, the only electors with legal standing to cast electoral votes are those approved by their state’s respective governors and certified pursuant to state law, said Rebecca Green, professor and co-director of the Election Law Program at William & Mary Law School.  All of the legally-recognized, state-appointed electors in Pennsylvania, Georgia, Wisconsin, Michigan, Arizona and Nevada cast their votes for Biden.  "In no case among the states in question were Republican slates approved by their state's respective governors and certified to be electors," said Robert Alexander, an electoral college expert and professor of political science at Ohio Northern University. "This means their votes should not be counted." It’s inaccurate to say that these states sent "dueling slates" of electors to the House to be counted. In each state, only a single slate of electors has received legal backing.  The Hawaii precedent Some of the uncertified Trump electors have justified their actions by comparing themselves to Hawaiian electors during the 1960 election. In that case, Democratic electors in the state cast a conditional vote for John F. Kennedy even though the official electors had already voted for Nixon. During the vote-counting process, the House and Nixon himself recognized Kennedy as the state’s winner.  However, legal experts told us that the events of the 1960 election have little relevance to the current situation.  In Hawaii, a court-backed recount was already underway at the time both slates of electors cast their votes. Although Nixon had won the initial count by a 141-vote margin, the results of the recount seemed to be favoring Kennedy.  When Kennedy did win the recount, Hawaii Gov. William Quinn withdrew the state’s backing from the Republican electoral votes and certified Kennedy as the winner.  "The state first certified Nixon, then certified Kennedy, and Congress counted the Kennedy electors – while making clear it was not establishing a precedent in doing so," said Richard Pildes, a constitutional law professor at the New York University School of Law.  By their own definition, the shadow electors would only come into play if courts attempted to throw out the officially-cast electoral votes. And courts across the country have repeatedly affirmed that Biden legitimately won the swing states in question.  "The legal basis for the competing slates of electors here have been rejected by dozens of state and federal courts throughout the nation, repeatedly," said Michael Morley, assistant professor at Florida State University College of Law. A misleading reference to 1876 election The post says that the current situation is similar to the "Hyde and Tillman" election, an apparent misspelling of the Hayes-Tilden election of 1876.  Legal experts and academics rejected the comparison to the 1876 election, where multiple states sent dueling slates of electors to the House, and a political bargain struck between the parties handed the presidency to Republican Rutherford B. Hayes.  "The current statutory framework didn’t even exist at that time," said Morley. "Right off the bat, it’s different." The Electoral Count Act of 1887, a federal law written in part due to the confusion during the 1876 election, established new guidelines for the counting of electoral votes that are still in place today.  Our ruling An Instagram post says that "6 states will cast their (electoral) votes for Trump AND for Biden," which will lead to a second Trump term.  Although unofficial shadow electors did meet to cast votes for Trump in these states, these votes have no legal standing and do not qualify as certified electoral votes.  The conditional electoral votes cast by these uncertified electors would only come into play if courts attempted to throw out the officially-cast electoral votes, and courts across the nation have repeatedly affirmed the legitimacy of Biden’s win in these states.  This post is False. ​

National,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Instagram posts

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Rush Limbaugh

2020-12-15 00:00:00

a radio show segment:

The American Medical Association rescinded a previous statement and now says "hydroxychloroquine is okay" for COVID-19.

Bill McCarthy

2020-12-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/16/rush-limbaugh/no-american-medical-association-didnt-rescind-stat/

No, the AMA didn’t rescind statement on hydroxychloroquine

Conservative radio host Rush Limbaugh falsely claimed that the American Medical Association rescinded a previous statement and came out in support of hydroxychloroquine, the drug pushed by President Donald Trump for months as a potential treatment for COVID-19. "Now all of a sudden the AMA (said) — although very quietly — that hydroxychloroquine is okay," Limbaugh said Dec. 15, telling his millions of listeners that the group’s past statements were meant to hurt Trump. "It’s perfectly fine. Go ahead and use it if you want. It can be helpful." Limbaugh read from an article in the Published Reporter, a website based in South Florida. The website wrote that the AMA "rescinded" a statement related to hydroxychloroquine.  Limbaugh accused the AMA of "knowingly lying about hydroxychloroquine." But as the Poynter Institute reported, the AMA never retracted its statement on the drug. The Published Reporter and other websites that spread similar claims have walked back their reports, and the AMA addressed the matter on Twitter. "In March, AMA urged caution about prescribing hydroxychloroquine off-label to treat #COVID19," the AMA wrote, with a link to Poynter’s Covering COVID-19 newsletter by Al Tompkins. "Our position remains unchanged. Evidence-based #science & practice must guide these determinations."  In March, AMA urged caution about prescribing hydroxychloroquine off-label to treat #COVID19. Our position remains unchanged. Evidence-based #science & practice must guide these determinations. Thank you @Poynter for the #FactCheck to set record straight https://t.co/hz1j1Xz2St pic.twitter.com/2qfUdFqdRk— AMA (@AmerMedicalAssn) December 16, 2020 Several inaccurate social media posts from Limbaugh and others accounts were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Some were shared by prominent figures, such as actress Kirstie Alley, who tweeted a since-corrected story calling the AMA "soulless hacks." Limbaugh did not respond to a request for comment.  The AMA’s March 25 statement, issued jointly with pharmacists’ groups and updated in April, signaled opposition to doctors prescribing hydroxychloroquine as a coronavirus treatment or preventative measure, and to facilities ordering the drug in excessive amounts.  The statement cautioned that "no medication has been FDA-approved for use in COVID-19 patients" and warned of supply-chain disruptions for patients who rely on hydroxychloroquine for other chronic conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.  The statement also said "novel off-label use of FDA-approved medications is a matter for the physician’s or other prescriber’s professional judgment." It encouraged "patient-centered care decisions" but said "evidence-based science and practice must guide these determinations." The U.S. Food and Drug Administration in June revoked its emergency use authorization for use of hydroxychloroquine as a COVID-19 therapy. The agency later cautioned against the drug’s use for the virus outside of the hospital setting after a review of safety issues. There is little sign that hydroxychloroquine is effective for coronavirus patients. A resolution submitted ahead of a November meeting of the AMA’s policymaking body proposed that the group retract the March statement. The resolution called for an updated statement "notifying patients that further studies are ongoing" and supporting physicians’ use of judgment to prescribe the drug off-label to patients with early COVID-19 symptoms. The resolution was not adopted, however. The vote against the measure followed "fierce opposition," MedPage Today reported. The Published Reporter has amended the story Limbaugh cited with a correction in bolded font that said the resolution "was not accepted." Lead Stories also debunked the false claims. We rate Limbaugh’s claim False.

Public Health,Pundits,Facebook Fact-checks,PunditFact,Coronavirus,Rush Limbaugh

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James Gallagher

2020-12-03 00:00:00

a tweet:

“Government imposed lockdowns do NOT reduce [COVID-19] cases or stop spikes.”

Chris Nichols

2020-12-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/16/james-gallagher/yes-government-shutdowns-help-slow-covid-19-when-c/

Yes, Government Shutdowns Help Slow COVID-19 When Combined With Additional Measures, Experts Say

In early December, California Gov. Gavin Newsom announced a regional stay-at-home order to curb the state’s record spread of COVID-19, which has skyrocketed 117% to 1.6 million cases over the past two weeks. The new business and travel restrictions were tied to intensive care unit capacity and kicked in within days across most of the state, shutting down bars, wineries, movie theaters, salons, barber shops, all restaurant dining and limiting retailers to operating at no more than 20% capacity. "The bottom line is if we don’t act now, our hospital system will be overwhelmed," Gov. Gavin Newsom said at a news conference on Dec. 3 when he introduced the order.   Shortly after, the state’s GOP lawmakers criticized the move, saying it would harm business and claiming there’s no evidence government "lockdowns" work.  "Government imposed lockdowns do NOT reduce cases or stop spikes," California state Asm. James Gallagher claimed on Twitter. "Neither science or reality justify the Governor’s announcement today – just look at how California’s case count compares to less restrictive states." Gallagher represents much of the northern Sacramento Valley, including Butte, Tehama, Sutter, Yuba, Colusa and Glenn counties.  "By now, it should be obvious that the lockdowns have failed to contain this virus," added Rep. Tom McClintock, whose district includes Sacramento’s eastern suburbs and Sierra Nevada communities, speaking on the U.S. House floor on Dec. 9. For months, there’s been robust debate about whether government shutdowns go too far and unnecessarily harm society and the economy.  That’s a debate that will continue and not something we can fact-check. But Gallagher’s claim that government shutdowns don’t reduce COVID-19 cases or stop spikes is more clear cut.  We sifted through the research and asked public health experts to weigh in.  Do Government Shutdowns Work? Experts and several studies show government-imposed shutdowns do work to slow COVID-19 when combined with mask mandates, social distancing and hand hygiene requirements. They also depend on the public’s willingness to comply with the orders. Here’s one recent example: A state-mandated stay-at-home order in Delaware this spring, combined with public mask mandates and contact tracing, led to an 82% reduction in COVID-19 cases, an 88% drop in hospitalizations and a 100% decline in deaths, according to a November study by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  "These strategies are effective in limiting potential exposure to [COVID-19] and reducing community transmission when implemented as part of a multicomponent strategy," the study concluded. "No single mitigation strategy is likely to be effective alone," it added. Newsom’s new regional stay-at-home order takes a similar approach. It calls for shutting down several business sectors. But it also requires "100% masking and physical distancing," in sectors that remain open.  Nowhere in the order does it say the government shutdowns by themselves are sufficient to slow the virus.  Success Depends On Public Cooperation Another study, conducted by economics professors at the University of Kentucky and published in May in Health Affairs medical journal, found that social distancing mandates by state and local governments in the U.S. on average reduced the daily growth rate of confirmed COVID-19 cases by 5.4% after one to five days, 6.8% after six to 10 days, 8.2% after 11 to 15 days, and 9.1% after 16 to 20 days. Notably, it concluded the "effectiveness" of these orders "depends critically on the cooperation of the public."  "For example," the study continued, "although California’s first-in-the-nation shelter-in-place order [from March] carries threats of fines and incarceration, its effectiveness fundamentally relies on social pressure."  Lee Riley is professor and chair of infectious disease and vaccinology at UC Berkeley’s School of Public Health. He said the confusion over whether shutdowns work is understandable, considering states with some of the toughest mandates are also experiencing the biggest spikes. "The problem is when these restrictions are eased or lifted, that’s when we see the resurgence," Riley explained. "This is what people are looking at and saying the restrictions don’t work. And that’s absolutely incorrect. Restrictions do work."  Riley said places such as China, Singapore and Taiwan all imposed rigorous restrictions and contained the coronavirus spread. "Yes, the restrictions do work and if they’re maintained for a long enough period, then they can eventually mitigate the transmissions completely."  Previous Fact Check Last month, PolitiFact examined a similar claim by Texas Gov. Greg Abbott who said shutdowns are "ineffective," before adding that workplace gatherings are not a common way for COVID-19 to spread.  For that fact check, experts told PolitiFact that if measuring strictly transmission rates and case numbers, shutdowns have proven to be effective in managing spread. They also noted that Abbott’s statement ignores workplaces where proper precautions are difficult to achieve from meatpacking plants to the construction industry.  PolitiFact rated Abbot’s claim as False. ‘Correlation Is Not Causation’  In an interview, Gallagher, the California state lawmaker, said he stood by his claim that shutdowns don’t reduce cases or stop spikes, describing the evidence as inconclusive.  He suggested that the decline in coronavirus cases this spring could have resulted from people’s voluntary actions to distance and use good hygiene upon hearing about the virus, and not because of lockdowns. "Correlation is not causation," Gallagher said. "Just because something happens to happen at the same time that you’re doing X, doesn’t mean that there wasn’t some other variable that was leading to that."  Riley said Gallagher’s theory doesn’t hold up.  "If good hygiene and voluntary social distancing are what contributed to the decrease in cases, why are we seeing another surge all over the country?" the professor asked.  "The point of the lockdowns is to decrease chances of social gathering and social interaction, which is the most effective way to assure social distancing," Riley added. "This lawmaker is correct that social distancing works, but lockdowns help to increase the social distancing." Gallagher provided links to several opinion pieces and letters that he said demonstrate lockdowns don’t work. One was a link to the Great Barrington Declaration, a letter three scientists authored that endorses herd immunity and supports a completely reopened society for those with no underlying health conditions amid the COVID-19 pandemic.  Since its publication in early October, however, PolitiFact found the document has been widely criticized by scientists and denounced by top health officials and thousands of doctors around the world.  The paper was signed by scientists and health experts across the world. But a British broadcast station found that some of those who signed the letter online used fake names, including "Dr. Person Fakename" and "Dr. Johnny Bananas." The signatures were later made private. Gallagher also cited an opinion piece by a chief investments officer for an analytics firm; a free-market think tank’s magazine column that cites the Great Barrington Declaration; an article in the journal Nature that says a combination of "non-pharmaceutical interventions," such as business closures, social distancing or mask-wearing, "is necessary to curb the spread of the virus," but that less disruptive restrictions can be as effective as more drastic ones.  Additionally, Gallagher cited a study published in Safety Science that concluded Germany’s decline in COVID-19 infections in the spring was due to the cancellation of mass events and voluntary behavior changes, but not the government restrictions that followed.  Germany announced it will start a lockdown this week until at least Jan. 10 to curb the spread of the pandemic. The Science Is ‘Pretty Clear’  Erin Mordecai is an assistant professor in biology at Stanford University whose research focuses on the ecology of infectious disease. She has conducted research on the relationship between virus transmission and mobility data in California and Georgia. She said mobility, measured based on mobile device movements, generally declines immediately following stay-at-home orders. That reduction in mobility corresponds with a decline in transmission and ultimately the number of COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations and deaths, she said. "The science shows pretty clearly that non-pharmaceutical interventions---business closures, social distancing, mask-wearing---including so-called ‘government lockdowns’ do work to slow the spread of COVID-19," Mordecai wrote in an email. Right now, she added, there’s a strong argument for shutting down in- person contact as much as possible. "If our ICUs are nearing their maximum capacity, as we're seeing here in California now," she wrote, "one of our best tools for avoiding a total public health disaster---people dying in hospital hallways, makeshift COVID wards thrown together in gymnasiums, or at home because they're too afraid to go to the hospital---is to rapidly hit the brakes on transmission, which means avoiding contact with others outside our household, especially indoors, where transmission is more likely." Our Ruling California state Asm. James Gallagher claimed "Government imposed lockdowns do NOT reduce [COVID-19] cases or stop spikes."  Infectious disease experts, however, say government shutdowns do work by reducing social interaction which, when maintained, cuts down on the spread of COVID-19.  Several studies, including from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, show government-imposed closures, when combined with mask-wearing, social distancing and hand hygiene, are effective.  The studies and experts also point out there’s no single strategy that works on its own. California officials have imposed business restrictions while promoting additional strategies to combat COVID-19. We rated Gallagher’s claim as False.  FALSE – The statement is not accurate.

Economy,Health Care,Government Regulation,Public Health,Small Business,California,James Gallagher

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Donald Trump

2020-12-15 00:00:00

a tweet:

“68% error rate in Michigan Voting Machines. Should be, by law, a tiny percentage of one percent.”

Paul Egan

2020-12-15 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/16/donald-trump/trump-tweet-wrongly-suggests-there-were-defects-mi/

Trump tweet wrongly suggests there were defects with Michigan voting machines

In a Dec. 15 tweet, Trump claimed there was a "68% error rate in Michigan Voting Machines. Should be, by law, a tiny percentage of one percent." He suggested Michigan Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson would face legal scrutiny for the alleged errors. "Did Michigan Secretary of State break the law? Stay tuned!" Trump wrote. Trump was reacting to a consultant’s report that a judge made public Monday in connection with an election lawsuit in Antrim County, in northern Michigan, where a misapplied software update initially led to incorrect unofficial results being reported on election night. But Trump’s tweet misinterprets the findings of the report, which itself presents a misleading picture. Michigan vote tabulators do not read ballots incorrectly 68% of the time. Nor is that statement true if applied only to the Antrim County tabulators in the Nov. 3 election. And the report Trump reacted to, while ambiguous and inaccurate on the subject of errors, does not make that claim. The report is signed by cybersecurity analyst Russell James Ramsland Jr. of Allied Security Operations Group, a firm whose representatives have provided analyses and affidavits for lawsuits brought by Trump allies, falsely alleging voter fraud and election irregularities. In one such analysis on voter turnout, Ramsland mistook voting jurisdictions in Minnesota for Michigan towns. In another, filed in support of a federal lawsuit in Michigan, he made inaccurate claims about voter turnout in various municipalities, misstating them as much as tenfold. The scrutiny of Antrim’s ballots arises from an error in the reporting of unofficial results on election night, which initially showed voters in the heavily GOP county casting more votes for Democrat Joe Biden than for Trump. Trump allies have seized on that error, and other alleged irregularities, in their fruitless quest for evidence of election rigging through equipment made by Dominion Voting Systems. State and county officials say the reporting error, which was corrected soon after the election, was the result of human error by County Clerk Sheryl Guy, a Republican, before the election. Guy said that after learning some candidates in local races were omitted from the ballot, she needed to update the ballot information stored on media drives attached to the tabulating machines. But she mistakenly made the changes only in some precincts, instead of all of them, leading to mismatched data when the unofficial countywide tallies were being compiled, and an inaccurate report of the unofficial results, Guy and Benson have said. The investigation of Antrim’s equipment arose from a different issue in the case. In granting a request for "forensic imaging" of the data and software inside the Dominion tabulators, Judge Kevin Elsenheimer of Michigan’s 13th Circuit Court was responding to concerns about a closely decided proposal to allow a marijuana dispensary in the village of Central Lake. Ramsland’s firm, Allied Security, conducted the investigation. In his report, Ramsland claimed, "The allowable election error rate established by the Federal Election Commission guidelines is of 1 in 250,000 ballots (.0008%)." On the Antrim machines, he wrote, he "observed an error rate of 68.05%." The FEC regulates campaign finance, not voting equipment, and has no such guideline. The federal agency that does deal with voting equipment is the Election Assistance Commission. Antrim County’s Dominion tabulators are certified by the EAC. In Michigan, 65 out of the state’s 83 counties use voting systems manufactured by Dominion. Moreover, the error rate identified by Ramsland is not a measure of ballot counting errors. Ramsland did not have access to the paper ballots as part of his investigation, according to Jake Rollow, a spokesman for the Secretary of State’s office. Ramsland acknowledged that he was not referring to ballot tabulation errors, even though the purported benchmark he compared it to is "1 in 250,000 ballots." Rather, Ramsland wrote, the error rate applies to the 15,676 "total lines or events" in Antrim’s tabulation logs. "Most of the errors were related to configuration errors that could result in overall tabulation error or adjudication," he wrote, without giving more detail or saying that they did result in such errors. The EAC certification requirements that Antrim’s Dominion machines had to meet establish certain error thresholds for the computer code that runs the systems, but the tabulation logs track something else. Tammy Patrick, a senior adviser to the elections program at Democracy Fund explained in an email to the Free Press that tabulation logs "aren’t the lines of code that run the system. They're logs of activities occurring in the process of tabulation. The lines of code that are reviewed in certification are the actual software codes." She said Ramsland’s report was "confusing many, many things." PolitiFact Michigan called Allied Security Operations Group and left a voice message requesting to speak with Ramsland. The call was not returned. The White House and Trump campaign did not respond to email inquiries regarding Trump’s tweet. And the EAC also did not respond to requests for additional information regarding its certification process. State officials say they are not sure what Ramsland is referencing when he reports a 68% error rate.  Guy, the Antrim County clerk, believes that the 68% error rate reported by Ramsland may be related to her original error updating the ballot information. The software generated scores of error reports when the county initially merged election results from various tabulators that did not contain the same ballot information, she said. "The equipment is great — it’s good equipment," Guy said. "It’s just that we didn’t know what we needed to do (to properly update ballot information). We needed to be trained on the equipment that we have." Our ruling Trump claimed that there was a 68% error rate in the tabulation machines used in Michigan, far more than the law allowed. The apparent source for his claim is a report from an investigation of tabulation equipment from one county that purportedly identified a 68.05% error rate. The author of the report said the error rate applied not to the number of ballots counted, but rather to the lines or events listed in the tabulators’ activity logs. Trump’s tweet refers to a "law" about benchmark error rates. There is no such law. The report he alluded to refers to FEC guidelines that don’t exist either. Election officials have explained that the error in unofficial election night reporting in Antrim County was the result of human error, not an error with the software or tabulation machines used in the county. We rate this claim False. 

Michigan,Donald Trump

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Donald Trump

2020-12-08 00:00:00

comments made dur

The percentage of Americans with natural immunity from getting COVID-19 is “a very powerful vaccine in itself.”

Victoria Knight

2020-12-15 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/15/donald-trump/trumps-wrong-15-immunity-resulting-infection-isnt-/

Trump’s wrong. 15% natural immunity doesn’t equal a vaccine.

During a Dec. 8 press conference about Operation Warp Speed, President Donald Trump likened the spread of coronavirus throughout the population — which experts agree bestows some immunity on the people who became ill — to having a COVID-19 vaccine. "You develop immunity over a period of time, and I hear we’re close to 15%. I’m hearing that, and that is terrific. That’s a very powerful vaccine in itself," said Trump, who was responding to a reporter’s question about what his message to the American people was as the holidays approach and levels of COVID cases in the U.S. continue to rise. It wasn’t the first time Trump had given credence to the idea that if enough people in a population gain immunity to a disease by being exposed to it, the illness won’t be able to spread through the remainder of the population — a concept known as "herd immunity." However, experts have warned that attempting to achieve herd immunity naturally, by allowing people to get sick with COVID-19, could result in more than a million deaths and potentially long-term health problems for many. A better way to achieve protection across the population, experts say, is through widespread vaccination. So, we thought it was important to check whether 15% is anywhere close to the herd immunity threshold, and whether this level of natural immunity could be considered "as powerful as a vaccine." 15% is nowhere close The White House did not respond to our request for more information about the comment or about Trump’s 15% figure. It may be derived from a Nov. 25 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report using mathematical models to estimate that 53 million Americans — about 16% of the population — have likely been infected with COVID-19. Those models took into consideration the nation’s number of confirmed cases, and then used existing data to calculate estimates of the number of people who had COVID-19 but didn’t seek medical attention, weren’t able to access a COVID-19 test, received a false-negative test result or were asymptomatic and unaware they had COVID-19. It’s important to note this estimate is based on data from February through September — and we’re now in mid-December, so the share of Americans who have been infected with the coronavirus would likely be much higher. For instance, an independent data scientist, Youyang Gu, estimated that 17.5% of Americans have had COVID-19 as of Nov. 30. His estimate is published on his website, COVID Projections. Experts have said that a 15% infection rate among Americans is nowhere close to the threshold needed to reach herd immunity against COVID. "To get to herd immunity, an estimated 60-80% of people need to have immunity (either through natural infection or through the vaccine)," Dr. Leana Wen, an emergency physician and visiting professor at George Washington University, wrote in an email. "We are a very long way off from that." Also, Wen said, scientists still don’t know enough about how effective natural immunity is in defending against COVID-19. It appears that once someone has had COVID-19 and recovered, the antibodies their body produced can protect them for at least several months. But, there have also been reports of COVID-19 re-infection. That’s why medical experts urge everyone to get vaccinated, whether they have had COVID-19 or not. Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, recently set the saturation level for herd immunity even higher — between 75% and 80% — in an interview with Axios. At that point, he said, "you create an umbrella of herd immunity — that even though there is virus around, it is really almost inconsequential because it has no place to go, because almost all of the people are protected." Both the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines have shown 95% effectiveness at protecting people from developing COVID-19 in clinical trials. The Food and Drug Administration on Friday authorized Pfizer’s vaccine for emergency use. This Thursday, an independent panel will consider whether to recommend that the FDA authorize the emergency use of Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine. So, that leads to the next question: Is 15% natural immunity among the American population anywhere close to a "powerful vaccine," as Trump alleges? No, said the experts. And there’s nothing "terrific" about that level of infection within the community. "Fifteen percent ‘natural immunity’ is nowhere close to as powerful as a vaccine," Dr. Rachel Vreeman, director of the Arnhold Institute for Global Health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, wrote in an email. Assuming that natural immunity is effective, reaching a level of 15% of the population would prevent only those individuals who have had COVID from getting sick again, said Stephen Morse, an epidemiology professor at Columbia University. "But [it] won’t do much to prevent virus spread in the community, because there are still so many susceptible people," Morse wrote in an email. Plus, 15% of the American population having had COVID-19 "has come at a high cost," Morse wrote. To achieve 15% natural immunity, more than 300,000 people in the U.S. have been sacrificed. Our ruling Though Trump was in the ballpark when he referenced the share of Americans who have been infected with the coronavirus, his overall point -- that the natural immunity these people acquired is a powerful vaccine -- does not hold up. Experts repeatedly have warned that not enough is known about the immunity people appear to gain after recovering from a COVID-19 infection to know how effective or lasting it is. And there have been reported cases of COVID re-infections. Also, experts agree more than 70% of the U.S. population needs to be vaccinated in order to reach herd immunity. Fifteen percent is nowhere close to that threshold and should not be considered as effective as a COVID-19 vaccine. Moreover, that 15% statistic brought with it hundreds of thousands of deaths. We rate this claim False.

Public Health,Health Check,Donald Trump

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Facebook posts

2021-04-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Derek Chauvin had his left hand in his pocket while kneeling on George Floyd.

Bill McCarthy

2021-04-19 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/19/facebook-posts/did-derek-chauvin-have-his-hand-his-pocket-he-rest/

Did Derek Chauvin have his hand in his pocket as he restrained George Floyd?

As weeks of testimony come to a close in the murder trial for former Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin, questions over the Chauvin’s use of force against George Floyd in the arrest that preceded Floyd’s death have spilled over onto social media. Some Facebook and Instagram users said Floyd could not have been resisting arrest, because Chauvin had one hand in his own pocket as he kneeled on Floyd’s neck for roughly nine minutes on May 25, 2020. "If George Floyd were resisting, Chauvin's hands wouldn't have been in his pockets," said an April 6 Facebook post, one of several to make the claim. The post and others like it were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  Several use-of-force experts and the Minneapolis police chief testified during the trial that Floyd was no longer resisting as he lay pinned under Chauvin’s knee, and that Chauvin should have cut off his restraint once Floyd, who repeatedly said he could not breathe, cried out in distress. Chauvin is charged with second- and third-degree murder and second-degree manslaughter. It’s not true, however, that Chauvin had his left hand in his pocket as he knelt on Floyd.  PolitiFact’s review of the roughly 10-minute bystander video that ignited months of racial justice protests found that Chauvin was wearing gloves that, like his pants, were a very dark color. A close review of photos taken as screen grabs of the video also show Chauvin’s hand on his thigh. The hand-in-pocket narrative is misguided The claim that Chauvin had his hand in his pocket started circulating on Facebook shortly after Floyd’s death, according to CrowdTangle, a social media insights tool.  As the trial has played out in recent weeks, those claims have resurfaced. Some news outlets have spread the narrative, USA Today reported. And in a video, Floyd’s brother Philonese said, "He tortured my brother to death with a smirk on his face, with his hands in his pocket." The narrative also came up in court as Minneapolis firefighter Genevieve Hansen testified that she had tried to render medical aid to Floyd but was turned away by the police officers present.  "In my memory, (Chauvin) had his hand in his pocket, he looked so comfortable," Hansen said.  The prosecution asked Hansen if her assessment of Chauvin’s positioning would be different if Chauvin’s hand had been "resting on his thigh" rather than in his pocket. Hansen said no and that Chauvin seemed "comfortable" in the position he had taken to restrain Floyd regardless. In reality, Chauvin’s hand was on his thigh, USA Today first reported. It was not in his pocket. PolitiFact reviewed the roughly 10-minute video uploaded to Facebook by Darnella Frazier, who later testified as a witness in Chauvin’s trial. Chauvin is visible for most but not all of the video.  The video Frazier posted to Facebook shows Chauvin wearing black gloves that appear to match the color of his pants. At various points in the video, Chauvin can be seen resting the knuckles of his left hand on his thigh while he pinned Floyd’s neck to the pavement with his knee. At other points, Chauvin can be seen placing his hand on his radio and other objects on the holster of his belt.  Police body camera footage of the incident does not always show Chauvin clearly. Several of the social media posts claiming that Chauvin’s hand was in his pocket relied on screen grabs taken from Frazier’s video. The screen grabs on their own can be misleading, but a closer look reveals that the photos really show Chauvin’s gloves blended in with his pants. Using image editing software, USA Today altered the brightness, exposure and vibrancy of the screen grabs to make the placement of Chauvin’s hand more visible. The enhanced version of the photo shows Chauvin’s knuckles resting against his thigh, with his fingers bent backwards. Matthew Stamm, an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering at Drexel University, is an expert on falsified images and videos. Stamm said USA Today’s techniques for enhancing the screen grab images were a legitimate way to visually interpret what they showed. Stamm and researcher Brian Hosler also reviewed Frazier’s video for PolitiFact. From screen grabs that they took, they concluded that Chauvin’s hand was on his thigh, not in his pocket. Several use-of-force experts and law enforcement personnel, including Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo, said Floyd had stopped resisting before his breathing came to a halt. "Once Mr. Floyd had stopped resisting — and certainly once he was in distress and trying to verbalize that — that should have stopped," Arradondo said of Chauvin’s use of force. Our ruling Facebook posts said Chauvin had his left hand in his pocket while kneeling on George Floyd. While some screen grabs taken from a bystander’s video appear to show that Chauvin had his left hand in his pocket as he pressed Floyd to the pavement, both the video itself and enhanced versions of the screen grabs indicate that his hand was actually on his thigh.  Chauvin was wearing black gloves during the incident that blended in with his dark pants. We rate this Facebook post False. Related: Instagram post ignores full Floyd video to falsely claim officer’s knee was not on Floyd’s neck Related: Did George Floyd say he ‘ate too many drugs,’ as Derek Chauvin's defense claimed? Related: No, autopsy doesn’t say George Floyd died of overdose

Criminal Justice,Race and Ethnicity,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Terry McAuliffe

2021-04-06 00:00:00

a debate.:

“I restored felons’ rights - 173,000 - more than any governor in the history of America.”

Warren Fiske

2021-04-19 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/19/terry-mcauliffe/mcauliffe-near-top-restoring-ex-felon-voting-right/

McAuliffe near the top in restoring ex-felon voting rights

Former and possibly future Gov. Terry McAuliffe says he holds the national record for restoring voting rights to people who have finished felony prison sentences.  "I restored felons’ rights - 173,000 - more than any governor in the history of America," he said during an April 6 debate between the five candidates in the June 8 Democratic primary election for governor. When a candidate claims a record, our ears perk up. We fact checked McAuliffe’s statement. McAuliffe was governor from 2014 to 2018. He stepped down because Virginia is the only state that doesn’t allow its governor to serve successive terms. McAuliffe’s numbers On April 22, 2016, McAuliffe issued a blanket executive order enabling 206,000 Virginia people who served their prison time and finished parole or probation to register to vote. He said people who had completed their punishment deserved redemption. McAuliffe stressed that many of the eligible people were African Americans and said the ban on former felons voting was a remnant of Virginia’s racist history of keeping Black citizens from the polls. The action was heralded by civil rights advocates. Marc Mauer, then executive director of The Sentencing Project, a criminal justice advocacy group, called the order "the single most significant action on disenfranchisement that we’ve ever seen from a governor." Republican legislative leaders said McAuliffe’s action was a ruse to maximize likely Democratic voters during a presidential election year and filed suit, arguing the governor had exceeded his power. The Virginia Supreme Court agreed, ruling on a 4-3 vote that McAuliffe lacked the authority to issue the blanket order. The court said the governor could grant voting rights to ex felons only on an individual basis. And that’s what McAuliffe did. His administration streamlined its review process, checking only if people had completed their sentences, parole or probation, then sending each a letter with an image of the governor’s signature, saying he or she could register to vote.  By the end of his term, McAuliffe had restored voting rights to 173,166 people, according to the Secretary of Commonwealth’s office. That’s almost five times more than the total for the 19 governors who preceded him, back to 1938. The record There’s no source that lists the number of felon voting rights that have been restored by governors across the nation either recently or going back in history.  We asked McAuliffe’s campaign for proof of his claim that he’s No. 1 and were sent an April 27, 2017 article in The Washington Post reporting that McAuliffe claimed he had broken a national record held by former Florida Gov. Charlie Crist, who restored voting rights to 155,315 people from 2007 to 2011. We can’t verify Crist held the record, but it’s plausible because there were only a handful of states where the governor had a say in restoring voting rights. What’s clear is that McAuliffe is not the record holder today - a possibility he leaves open in his statement. His tally of 173,166 was recently exceeded by Kentucky Gov. Andy Beshear, a Democrat, who issued a blanket order in 2019 that so far has restored voting rights to 180,315 people, according to the Kentucky Department of Corrections. Beshears has not claimed the national title. There are now only four states where the governor weighs in on restoring voting rights: Virginia, Kentucky, Iowa and Mississippi.  Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds, a Republican, issued an order in August 2020 automatically restoring voting rights to people who have completed their sentences and were not convicted of murder or manslaughter. The order was reported to affect up to 60,000 people. Mississippi has not taken significant action.  Forty-four states, including Florida, have set up varying systems that either automatically restore voting rights at some point after imprisonment, or leave the restoration up to entities outside the governor's office. Two states - Maine and Vermont - don’t take away voting rights, even when people are in prison. We should finally note that Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam, a Democrat, has continued McAuliffe’s work. Northam announced in March 2021 that he had restored voting rights to more than 69,000 people. Our ruling McAuliffe said, "I restored felons’ rights - 173,000 - more than any governor in the history of America." McAuliffe restored the voting rights of 173,166 people when he was Virginia governor from 2014-2018. It’s plausible that he had established a record when he left office, but we can’t say so with certainty. In any case, his achievement has been lauded as groundbreaking by many civil rights advocates. But McAuliffe’s claim needs a little clarification: He is not the current record holder. Kentucky Gov. Andy Beshear has more recently restored voting rights to 180,315 people since 2019. So, we rate McAuliffe’s statement Mostly True.  

Criminal Justice,Race and Ethnicity,Virginia,Terry McAuliffe

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Diamond and Silk

2021-04-12 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says science shows the physiological effects of wearing masks include hypoxemia, hypercapnia, shortness of breath, toxicity and increased muscle tension.

Tom Kertscher

2021-04-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/16/diamond-and-silk/medical-hypotheses-journal-article-lacks-evidence-/

Medical Hypotheses journal article lacks evidence that masks cause ill effects

Diamond and Silk, a pair of pro-Donald Trump activists who have more than 2.38 million followers on Facebook, made what appeared to be an authoritative claim about the risks of mask wearing. Their widely shared Facebook post, since removed from public view, included a URL for a website of the federal government’s National Institutes of Health. And it displayed part of a medical journal article that listed ill effects said to be caused by masks. "NO MORE MASK MANDATES! Follow the science," implored the post from sisters Lynnette Hardaway (Diamond) and Rochelle Richardson (Silk).  The April 12 post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The article cited by the post was written by an exercise physiologist in a journal called Medical Hypotheses and is entitled, "Facemasks in the COVID-19 era: A health hypothesis." It is less science than what the post claims. Journal for theoretical ideas Medical Hypotheses says its purpose "is to publish interesting theoretical papers. The journal will consider radical, speculative and non-mainstream scientific ideas provided they are coherently expressed." In November, it published the article cited in the Facebook post, which was authored by Baruch Vainshelboim. The article says Vainshelboim works in a cardiology division of the U.S. Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System in California. He identifies himself in his LinkedIn profile as a clinical exercise physiologist, with a doctorate from University of Porto in Portugal. The part of the article copied in the Facebook post lists 12 physiological effects as being caused by wearing a face mask. They include conditions such as hypoxemia and hypercapnia, as well as more general effects such as shortness of breath, "toxicity" and "increased muscle tension." "This is a list of generally discredited hypotheses that have been tested and disproved," said Benjamin Neuman, biology professor at Texas A&M University and chief viologist of the university’s Global Health Research Complex. "This seems to be a piece of deceptive writing from what appears to be a non-expert. It isn't science." The first two alleged effects on the list, hypoxemia and hypercapnia, have been debunked by fact-checkers. A fact-check by USA Today found that mask wearing does not cause hypoxemia, a below-normal level of oxygen in the blood. PolitiFact rated False a claim that masks decrease oxygen intake. Lead Stories and USA Today were among fact-checkers that found that hypercapnia — too much carbon dioxide in the blood — is not caused by mask wearing.  Dr. Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, said that although the article appears to be presenting a hypothesis, many of the effects it claims cite evidence related to N95 masks typically used by healthcare workers.  We’ve reported there are studies that show that medical N95 respirators may result in increased carbon dioxide, which can lead to headaches and fatigue. PolitiFact has also rated False a claim that masks "will kill quite a few people, it’s well known that they reduce blood oxygen levels and those with respiratory and cardiac disorders will die."  And we rated False a claim that wearing face masks is more harmful to your health than going without one. We tried to reach Vainshelboim by phone and email and did not receive a reply. Our ruling A widely shared Facebook post that links to a medical journal article says to "follow the science" of a list of physiological effects said to be caused by wearing masks. The article was written by an exercise physiologist and was published by Medical Hypotheses, a journal that says its purpose is to publish "interesting theoretical papers."  There is not evidence to back the article’s list of claimed effects from mask wearing.  We rate the post False.  

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Diamond and Silk

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Douglas Frank

2021-04-09 00:00:00

a YouTube video:

Michigan used a mathematical “key” to manipulate vote totals in 2020 election.

Clara Hendrickson

2021-04-16 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/16/douglas-frank/no-evidence-michigan-used-algorithm-manipulate-ele/

No, Michigan didn't use an algorithm to manipulate 2020 election results

Antrim County, Michigan, the site of a human error that briefly produced inaccurate unofficial results on election night in November, remains the target of a misinformation effort that aims to sow doubt about the integrity of the 2020 election. A resident’s lawsuit against the county, filed in late November, helped fuel a debunked conspiracy theory that tabulators made by Dominion Voting Systems switched votes on behalf of Joe Biden. Donald Trump seized upon an analysis filed in the suit that was rife with inaccurate information to advance his claims of a stolen election. A hand recount of every ballot cast in Antrim County affirmed the results and Trump’s victory there.  Now, a new filing in the case claims a more far-reaching conspiracy, one in which the state government purportedly deployed a predetermined "key" to mathematically "convert" records of registered voters into counted votes. The filing cites an analysis by Douglas Frank, who chairs the math and science department at a school in Cincinnati, that claims to have discovered that Michigan and other battleground states each used a unique key. The filing defines the alleged "key" as a "sixth degree polynomial" that "unlocks the door and uncovers the ability to manipulate data and results."  Frank’s analysis was filed as an exhibit in the case, and he explains his findings in a YouTube video that has received over 26,000 views. Frank says his work shows that "elections are being decided at the state level." How? "Ballots are being harvested at the precinct level, regulated at the county level, and determined at the state level," he claims. In an interview with MyPillow CEO Mike Lindell, who has peddled disinformation about the election, Frank says he found algorithms were used in every state he’s analyzed to regulate voter registrations and ballots and control the election. The filings were submitted by Matthew DePerno, the lawyer for the Antrim County resident, who is accusing the county of mishandling the results on a marijuana-related proposal that was also on the November ballot. They were shared widely by The Gateway Pundit, a conservative website that has published falsehoods about the election and former Michigan state Sen. Patrick Colbeck, who was recently asked by Dominion Voting Systems to retract claims of voter fraud. While the analysis is new, it boils down to a familiar falsehood: that Michigan’s 2020 election was tainted by widespread misconduct and fraud. There is no evidence for that and a comprehensive series of audits validated election processes and affirmed the results. A "key" that "unlocks" election manipulation? In the filing, DePerno argues based on Frank’s finding that the number of ballots counted from Antrim and other counties tracks so closely with the vote totals predicted by the purported key, that they could not have occurred naturally without manipulation by the state. They claim the correlation proves that an algorithm had access to voting databases to determine the election result.  Neither DePerno nor Frank provides any evidence for their claim of a state-level conspiracy to manipulate local results, other than the statistical correlation between ballots they claim were cast in the election and what the key — whose derivation they don’t explain — predicts. Gerrid Uzarski, elections director for Kent County, one of the counties examined by Frank, called the allegation "very far-fetched." And he questioned the analysis used to support the assertion. "I’m not sure where he got the numbers from," Uzarski said. "I’ve looked for them myself. I have not been able to find the source." Frank didn’t respond to emailed questions about how the key was generated, but he said he stood by his findings, which he said are based on information "directly extracted from the databases provided by the state." PolitiFact Michigan looked at data from the Secretary of State’s website and official county results and found problems with numbers Frank used and the conclusions he drew. Flawed data, flawed conclusions For his analysis, Frank said in the video, he compiled voter demographics, registrations and ballots in nine Michigan counties — Antrim, Barry, Charlevoix, Grand Traverse, Kent, Livingston, Macomb, Oakland and Wayne — and predicted the number of ballots cast using his key. In charts for each county, he breaks down the ballots cast by voters’ age. Trump won six of the counties analyzed by Frank. Frank lists the Census Bureau’s July 2019 population estimates as his source for the number of residents in the county. But the numbers listed in the court filing differ slightly from the census estimates. In a phone call, Frank said the numbers differed because he performed an "interpolation" of the census data. For each county, Frank provides a breakdown of the voting age population and compares it to the number of registered voters in the county and concludes that the number of registered voters in each county is near or exceeds the size of the voting age population. Ahead of the election, many counties did have more registered voters on their rolls than voting age residents. That can happen if the rolls aren’t updated to reflect people who have moved out of the county or died. But in order to cast a ballot, voters have to show up to their polling location or fill out and sign an application to request an absentee ballot. Election officials verify that the ballots are given to individuals legitimately registered in Michigan. Cases of voter impersonation are exceptionally rare. Frank then looks at what he claims is his database of registered voters from October 2020. His numbers track closely with voter registration numbers listed on the Secretary of State’s website on Oct. 2, 2020. That suggests that his analysis disregards registered voters who were added after that date — which was one month before Election Day — and the ballots they cast. Indeed, Frank acknowledges that his analysis of turnout and ballots cast counts only those who he says were registered by October. He refers to the other ballots as "unregistered ballots," and alleges that these were "injected" at the last minute. But voters in Michigan can register to vote right up through and on Election Day, and thousands took advantage of this right in the November 2020 election. Election officials check to make sure that every ballot cast belongs to a registered voter and that every voter only votes once. The exclusion of thousands of ballots cast in the November election could explain why the turnout rates he lists in the court filing are also inconsistent with those reported in each county’s official election results. No evidence of alleged massive voter fraud scheme Uzarski said the type of fraud Frank alleged would be an insurmountable task given Michigan’s highly decentralized election system. In Michigan, 1,520 city and township clerks process voter registrations, verify ballots and oversee the count on Election Day. Results are compiled by 83 county clerks and certified by county boards of canvassers who review ballots, poll books and the results. Only after the Board of State Canvassers certifies the results is the outcome considered final. It would be impossible to cook up thousands of ballots that were invalidly cast, Uzarski said. "There is not room for any kind of injection of ballots or injection of ghost voters or people who didn’t vote but people are voting for them." David Becker, founder and executive director of the Center for Election Innovation & Research, called the allegations in the pleading "fantastical." In an email to PolitiFact Michigan, Becker explained that such a conspiracy would have had to be carried out by thousands of people and leave behind a mountain of evidence: meddling with the voter file, extra ballots that couldn’t be explained, voters who tried to vote but couldn’t because someone else had cast their ballots and audits confirming tabulators were tampered. "There is literally zero evidence of any conspiracy, involving thousands of people, in any state," including Michigan, Becker wrote. Our ruling In a YouTube video, Frank claims his analysis of Michigan’s 2020 election results shows that the election outcome was decided at the state-level ahead of time using a mathematical "key" to manipulate vote totals. Frank offers no evidence for his claim other than a statistical correlation to this key, whose derivation he doesn’t explain. The figures he cites as the basis of his analysis are different from those in official records. Experts said the vote-manipulation effort Frank theorizes would involve a wide-ranging conspiracy that would not be possible under Michigan’s decentralized election system. We rate his claim Pants On Fire.

Michigan,Douglas Frank

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Facebook posts

2021-04-09 00:00:00

Facebook post:

“This is all about a certificate of vaccination where they get you a national ID, and then the AI can track you.”

Michael Majchrowicz

2021-04-16 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/16/facebook-posts/no-government-doesnt-use-national-id-track-you-aft/

No, the government doesn’t use a ‘national ID’ to track you after receiving COVID-19 vaccine

A nearly year-old video pushing a conspiracy theory that COVID-19 vaccinations will be used to track your movements utilizing artificial intelligence and a biological "national ID" is again circulating on social media. The original video, which is over an hour long, claims without any evidence that COVID-19 — short for "coronavirus disease 2019" — actually stands for "certificate of vaccination ID AI." The "AI," the video explains, is derived from the fact that "A’ is the first letter of the alphabet and "I" is the ninth. The video was originally posted May 1, 2020, by pastor and YouTube evangelist Robert Breaker.. An edited and condensed version of the video was published on Facebook by an evangelical group on April 9. "What the elites’ desire and plan is is to inject you with a vaccine — and it’s not just going to be a vaccine for your health, it’s going to inject into you other things," Breaker says in the video. "And it’s going to inject into you some things that are going to change your DNA ... it’s got some sort of small nanotechnology. It’s got some sort of small metal something in it, and what it does ... is they’re planting 5G everywhere." The April 9 post was flagged as part of efforts by Facebook to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) While the video in this post includes a number of conspiracy theories concerning the pandemic, we focused on its central claim — that the government will gain the ability to track you with a "national ID." The speaker in the video suggests that the ID is a unique biological signature of sorts contained in the vaccine itself and that some sort of AI system will be able to communicate with this so-called national ID via "some sort of small nanotechnology."  Let’s break this down in two parts. First, the federal government has said it will not mandate issuance of a proof-of-vaccination card or, in this case, a "national ID." While it’s true there are businesses in the private sector that are considering proof of vaccination, it’s a far cry from a government-imposed national mandate. Second, to further back up his claim, the speaker references a patent — patent number is WO2020060606 — that he says is owned by Microsoft and would allow third-parties to monitor the location and medical information of people who have been vaccinated.  A search of publicly available records shows that Microsoft has filed an application for a patent that is still pending — but no actual patent, according to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. But the concept pitched in this application, a program used to pay people with cryptocurrency,  has nothing to do with injecting anything into anyones’ bodies.  Finally, ingredients used in the vaccines approved by the FDA for emergency use are publicly listed for Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson. Nothing in the lists suggests anything but the ordinary substances of vaccines. Beyond the falsehoods stated about the patent application, Breaker, the video’s speaker, also says that vaccines contained "nanotechnology" in the form of "small metal" bits. We rated a similar claim Pants on Fire. Lipid nanoparticles make up part of the ingredient list for the mRNA vaccines, but the term "nanoparticle" refers only to size. Our ruling The claim here that Microsoft patented 5G-powered tracking "nanotechnology" that were used in the development of any vaccines is also false.There is no evidence to suggest that COVID-19 vaccinations, once injected, create an invisible, trackable ID in the bodies of those inoculated.   We rate this claim Pants on Fire!

Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Janet Bewley

2021-03-28 00:00:00

TV

Says Republican lawmakers delayed COVID-19 testing

Eric Litke

2021-04-16 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/16/janet-bewley/wisconsin-lawmaker-overreaches-claim-republicans-d/

Wisconsin lawmaker overreaches on claim that Republicans delayed COVID testing

With $3.2 billion from the federal government in play, legislative Republicans took a run at wrestling oversight away from Democratic Gov. Tony Evers. The two Republican-run houses passed a bill that would have given them power over where to spend the money, but this latest of many partisan COVID skirmishes ended when Evers vetoed the bill March 29, 2021, announcing his own spending plan. The shots fired before that veto included a March 28 TV appearance by Senate Minority Leader Janet Bewley, who leveled wide-ranging criticism of Republicans on WKOW-TV’s Capital City Sunday. "You have to put this in context of how the Republicans typically do things in our state with anything having to do with COVID," said Bewley, D-Mason, when asked about the prospect of legislative oversight on the federal funds. "First they denied that there was really a big issue about it. … And then now that we have resources, they will delay it as much as they possibly can, as they did with testing and everything else." Indeed, some Wisconsin Republicans have downplayed the threat of COVID-19, and legislative leaders drew widespread criticism after failing to pass any bill for a period of more than 300 days as the pandemic raged. But Bewley included a specific criticism that is more original — that Republicans delayed testing, which has been a critical part of limiting the spread of COVID-19. Did Republicans really slow that process? Bewley short on specifics The reference to delayed testing implies Republicans blocked or stalled some specific measure that caused delays. But Bewley offered no such evidence when asked for backup for her claim. Rather, her staff pointed broadly to the Republican inaction after an initial COVID response bill passed in April 2020. "By refusing to take any state action, pass any legislation, or allocate any state funds to COVID testing or other pandemic response, the Republicans effectively delayed our ability to make testing more widely available," said Leslie Westmont, a spokeswoman for Bewley. "For example, in November of 2020, Governor Evers proposed a COVID bill that would have allocated $403 million dollars to fund state-wide testing and surge capacity and require insurers to cover COVID-19 testing. The Republicans refused to take up the legislation." RELATED: Wisconsin Republicans passed one COVID bill before long period of inaction She added that with more resources — as Democrats requested —  "more testing could have been accomplished." Indeed, testing capacity was a problem throughout 2020, in Wisconsin and across the world. But officials here haven’t generally cited funding as the issue. The testing process involves obtaining a collection kit, conducting the test and transporting it to a lab. Supplies needed along the way include at minimum a swab, transport liquid, protective gear, lab machinery and reagent — chemicals used to conduct the test at the lab. In April 2020, state officials told PolitiFact Wisconsin the supply chain for each of those elements was short of what it needed to be for expanded testing. In August, Advocate Aurora Health stopped testing due to delays receiving testing supplies. Later that month, officials said testing was insufficient to begin reopening schools due to limited state lab capacity. None of those reports referenced insufficient funding as an obstacle. Bewley also didn’t provide any evidence connecting those dots — a critical point since at PolitiFact the burden of proof is always on the speaker. Alesha Emmert, spokeswoman for Assembly Majority Leader Jim Steineke, said the bill Republicans passed in April 2020 made allowances for testing. "The COVID relief bill we approved at the beginning of the pandemic included ensuring no co-pays for COVID-19 testing and setting aside $75 million in state dollars to address future, unexpected needs that federal dollars wouldn’t cover – including things like testing," Emmert said in an email. "Senator Bewley should know that, as she voted for the bill. She’s clearly confusing her talking points in an attempt to make a point that doesn’t exist." Our ruling Criticizing Republicans’ attempt to control disbursement of federal COVID funds, Bewley said Republicans had previously delayed COVID-19 testing. The phrasing implies a specific action that led to testing being limited, but that not an accurate summary of the situation. Yes, Republicans took almost no legislative action throughout 2020, and lack of testing was often referenced as a key hurdle in the pandemic. But officials throughout the year said testing shortages were about a lack of available supplies and testing capacity, not a shortage of funding. It’s not impossible to believe additional funding would have improved testing, but without evidence that’s merely a hypothetical. That leaves us with a grain of truth, but not much more. We rate this claim Mostly False.    

Health Care,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Janet Bewley

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Facebook posts

2021-04-07 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says the nation is locked down and there’s “a wide open border.”

Miriam Valverde

2021-04-15 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/26/charles-schumer/charles-schumer-misleads-georgia-voting-legislatio/

Charles Schumer misleads on Georgia voting legislation

Sen. Charles Schumer said Republican state legislatures have "seized on the former president’s big lie that the election was stolen" and introduced bills that aim to limit the right of citizens to vote. Schumer, the Democratic majority leader from New York, said the most "reprehensible effort" might be found in Georgia. "Republicans recently passed a bill to eliminate early voting on Sunday — a day when many churchgoing African Americans participate in voter drives known as Souls to the Polls," Schumer said during a March 24 Senate committee hearing on S1, a federal voting rights bill. "What an astonishing coincidence: outlaw voting on a day when African American churches sponsor get-out-the-vote efforts." Sen. Roy Blunt, R-Mo., said that Schumer was wrong about the status of legislation in Georgia. "They are not eliminating voting on Sunday," he said. "It did not pass the Legislature." Schumer’s spokesperson said he was referring to two Georgia bills, HB 531 and SB 202. Neither one had made it into law at the time of Schumer’s remarks. By the time Schumer made his comments, lawmakers were on track to allow the option of Sunday voting. In 2020, Georgia voted for Democrat Joe Biden and, in January, Democrats won the two Senate runoffs, putting the state in battleground territory for future elections. State Republican lawmakers then proposed bills that they said would protect the integrity of the vote, despite the fact that state GOP election officials said the election was secure. Georgia bills would provide option of Sunday voting Under Georgia law for the 2020 election, counties had to offer one Saturday of early voting. Counties had the option to provide an additional Saturday and two Sundays. Generally larger, diverse Democratic-leaning counties held Sunday early voting. HB 531, a sweeping elections bill introduced by state Republicans in February, initially got rid of Sunday early voting. Civil rights advocates said the legislation was a racist attempt to suppress the Black vote. Republicans rewrote the bill to provide the option of one Sunday of early voting, and the House voted in favor of the bill March 1 along party lines. But after Schumer spoke, a separate elections bill ultimately moved forward.  SB 202 passed both chambers along party lines with GOP support. And on March 25, the day after Schumer’s comments, Gov. Brian Kemp signed it into law. The new law requires two Saturdays of early voting and provides for the option of two Sundays of early voting, Keith Williams, general counsel to Republican House Speaker David Ralston, told PolitiFact. The law specifies that the early voting Sundays fall two or three weeks before Election Day, which means no Sunday voting is allowed two days before Election Day. The early voting period under Georgia law previously ended the Friday before Election Day; so, unlike in some states, Georgia already disallowed early voting on the last Sunday before Election Day. The bill also shrinks the voting period in a runoff election, which happens when no candidate receives more than 50% of the vote. Williams told PolitiFact that the new law will allow for Sunday early voting during a runoff if election officials meet certification deadlines and there is time left to hold weekend voting. That means practically speaking, we don’t yet know if Sunday voting will occur in future runoffs. The shorter voting period for runoffs was among the objections raised by voting rights groups who immediately sued to challenge the new law. The lawsuit stated that "the change eliminates the guarantee of early voting on weekends, which racial minorities disproportionately rely on to cast their ballots." Our ruling Schumer said that "Republicans recently passed a bill to eliminate early voting on Sunday" in Georgia. Schumer’s statement provides a misleading impression that Georgia Republicans completely got rid of Sunday voting. Republicans initially proposed getting rid of Sunday early voting, but by the time of Schumer’s remarks, the state House had passed a bill that allowed for one Sunday of voting. A day after Schumer spoke, a bill was signed into law that allowed the option of two Sundays of voting. Schumer misstated the effect of the bill that Republicans advanced and ultimately passed.. We rate this statement Mostly False.

Georgia,National,Elections,Charles Schumer

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Viral image

2021-03-25 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Bull sharks were released in an Arkansas river.

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-03-25 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/25/kirsten-gillibrand/fact-checking-kirsten-gillibrand-military-sexual-a/

Fact-checking Kirsten Gillibrand on military sexual assaults

Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, D-N.Y., has made tackling sexual assaults in the military one of her signature issues. Gillibrand is backing the Military Justice Improvement Act, which would place the decision to prosecute serious crimes in the military, such as sexual assault, in the hands of independent prosecutors rather officials within the military chain of command. Gillibrand argues that doing this would reduce conflicts of interest and inspire more confidence in the system among survivors. Several Republican senators, including Chuck Grassley of Iowa, Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, Rand Paul of Kentucky, and Ted Cruz of Texas, have joined more than two dozen Democrats in co-sponsoring the measure. During a radio interview with WNYC on Feb. 23, Gillibrand argued that there’s still a long way to go in solving the problem of military sexual assault, and that the problem worsened under President Donald Trump. "Unfortunately, under Trump, it got even worse than it ever was," Gillibrand said in the interview. "We had the highest number of sexual assaults ever reported in the last year. We had a retaliation rate against those people that reported, left statistically unchanged from the last few years. We had the lowest conviction rate and the lowest prosecution rate since the time I've been working on this. Everything is going in the wrong direction, and it is untenable." Is it correct that reported sexual assaults are the highest they’ve ever been, and that conviction and prosecution rates are at a low point? We found that Department of Defense statistics show that Gillibrand is largely accurate, though we noticed some nuances. Sexual assault statistics Evan Lukaske, Gillibrand’s communications director, pointed us to Appendix B of the fiscal 2019 edition of the Department of Defense Annual Report on Sexual Assault in the Military. The report was released in April 2020. The data for reported sexual assaults shows an increase every year except one — 2015, when the number dropped slightly. All told, there were 3,327 sexual assaults in 2010 and 7,825 in 2019, meaning that the number more than doubled over the course of a decade. The Pentagon data supports Gillibrand’s statement about reported assaults. However, it’s important to note that this is just one of two measurements the Pentagon uses to count sexual assaults.  The other is a biennial estimate of sexual assaults, based on survey responses. The idea is that some servicemembers who are sexually assaulted will not file a formal complaint, but would still be willing to tell a survey taker about it. So the estimated number of servicemembers experiencing sexual assault is always significantly higher than the number officially reported. There have been six surveys taken so far, starting with 2006. The 2018 level of 20,500 estimated incidents — the most recent data point — is well below the estimate from 2006, which was 34,200. But the 2018 level represented a notable increase from 2016. This increase also supports Gillibrand’s argument.   The Pentagon told PolitiFact that both measures are important, but that they show different things. There’s no question that officials would like to see fewer assaults. However, an increase in reported sexual assaults may or may not reflect a worsening problem, depending on whether the increase stems from a greater willingness of survivors to come forward and report the incident. "Fundamentally, while the department wants to see prevalence decrease, we also want servicemembers who experience a sexual assault to come forward and report it in order to get restorative care, receive support, and aid efforts to hold offenders appropriately accountable," said Lisa Lawrence, a Pentagon spokesperson. Prosecution and conviction rates The Pentagon report doesn’t provide clean figures for prosecution and conviction rates, but Gillibrand’s office provided PolitiFact with their calculations of data in the report, and we double-checked their work. We have used the data on reported assaults for these figures, rather than the survey estimates, since they are available for each year. In general, the data between 2013 and 2019 shows a downward trend in prosecutions — from 23% in 2013 to 10% in 2019. In the most recent two years for which data is available, 2018 and 2019, the percentage going to trial dropped modestly, from 11% to 10%. The same pattern held for convictions, which fell from 17% in 2013 to 7% in 2019. During the past two years, 2018 and 2019, the percentage held steady at 7%. It’s worth noting, however, that the total number of sexual assault reports has risen over the same period, from 5,518 to 7,825. It’s possible that in 2013, only the most severe cases were being reported, resulting in higher prosecution and conviction rates than today. Today, there may be more cases reported in which a lack of evidence or witnesses may make them tougher to prosecute. Who’s to blame? Although Gillibrand cast blame on the Trump administration for rising rates of assault, these trends were not confined to Trump’s presidency. For instance, in five of the six years when Barack Obama was president, the number of reports rose. And the single biggest year-to-year increase, between 2012 and 2013, came under Obama.  Our ruling Gillibrand said, "We had the highest number of (military) sexual assaults ever reported in the last year" and "we had the lowest conviction rate and the lowest prosecution rate." The number of reported military sexual assaults increased in all but one year between 2010 and 2019, and the number reached a record in 2019. The number of estimated assaults based on survey data also increased between 2016 and 2018, the most recent two years for which data is available. Conviction and prosecution rates have also dropped in most years since 2013. However, the decline in prosecution and conviction rates may be related to an increase in reported assaults, changing the mix of cases that are most prosecutable. We rate the statement Mostly True.

Legal Issues,Military,Women,New York,Kirsten Gillibrand

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Facebook posts

2021-03-24 00:00:00

a post:

"Suez Canal blocked by huge container ship named Evergreen. Evergreen shipping is most likely a cover for human and sex trafficking” by Hillary Clinton.

Daniel Funke

2021-03-25 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/25/jim-justice/west-virginia-only-state-decline-population-over-l/

Yes, West Virginia is the only state to lose population over the past 70 years

During the 2021 West Virginia legislative session, Gov. Jim Justice has pushed his marquee proposal: a repeal of the state income tax. West Virginia would become the 10th state without an income tax, and Justice said the switch could help bolster the state’s stagnant population. In a March 4 tweet announcing the proposal, Justice wrote, "Today I submitted my plan to repeal our state personal income tax, putting more money in every West Virginian’s pocket on day one. WV is the only state to decline in population over the last 70 years. Our opportunity to change is now!" Today I submitted my plan to repeal our state personal income tax, putting more money in every West Virginian’s pocket on day one. WV is the only state to decline in population over the last 70 years. Our opportunity to change is now!Read my plan here ⬇️https://t.co/vWU6QOTESc— Governor Jim Justice (@WVGovernor) March 4, 2021 Is Justice right about West Virginia being the only state to see its population decline over the past 70 years? Justice’s office did not respond to requests for comment, but we looked at the underlying census data, and it backed him up. An analysis of population numbers by state from the 1950 census and the 2019 census estimates show that West Virginia is the only state to see a decrease in population over that time span. We looked at every state’s population in the decennial census, starting in 1950. Because final 2020 census results haven’t been released yet, we relied on the 2019 population estimate, which is released by the U.S. Census Bureau using a different method. At the top of the list are California, Texas, and Florida, each of which gained between 18 million and 29 million residents during that 69-year period. And at the bottom? West Virginia, with a loss of about 213,000 residents, or 11%. The other states near the bottom all had small gains rather than losses: North Dakota, South Dakota and Vermont each gained a small number of residents, from 142,000 to 246,000. On a percentage basis, Iowa, Pennsylvania, North Dakota, New York and Rhode Island were the states with the smallest increases. But only West Virginia actually lost people.   We checked with William Frey, a census specialist at the Brookings Institution, to see whether there were any caveats we should note. The only issue Frey pointed out was that West Virginia’s population has not been in continuous decline during that period. There was a short and temporary bump in West Virginia’s population during the 1970s, and another modest one from 2000 to 2010.   It’s also worth noting that the bulk of West Virginia’s population decline occurred before 1970, and that the population has been roughly flat since 1990. Had Justice chosen 1970 as a starting point instead of 1950, the comparison would have shown a small increase in population. For the record, there’s some correlation between the lack of an income tax and fast population growth, but it’s not perfect. Several of the fastest-growing states do lack an income tax, including Alaska, Florida, Nevada, Texas and Washington. But other states without an income tax have seen slow population growth, including South Dakota and Wyoming. Our ruling Justice said that West Virginia "is the only state to decline in population over the last 70 years." That’s correct. Every other state gained at least 142,000 residents during that period.  We rate the statement True.

West Virginia,Population,Jim Justice

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Facebook posts

2021-03-24 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

A CNN chyron said the Boulder “shooter was factually Arabic, but morally white.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-03-25 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/07/facebook-posts/no-facial-recognition-didnt-confirm-antifa-infiltr/

No, facial recognition didn’t confirm antifa infiltrated Trump supporters at the Capitol

Violence roiled the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6 as supporters of President Donald Trump stormed the building, some waving Trump flags and wearing Trump attire while Capitol Police ushered lawmakers, press and staffers to safe shelter. But claims wrongly blaming antifa activists for the demonstration are proliferating on social media — and some say they have proof. "BOOM!" one user posted on Facebook. "IT HAS NOW BEEN CONFIRMED ANTIFA INFILTRATED THE TRUMP RALLY IN DC TODAY!!" The post shares a screenshot of a headline from a Jan. 6 Washington Times story: "Facial recognition firm claims Antifa infiltrated Trump protesters who stormed Capitol."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The Washington Times story says that a "retired military officer" told the publication "that the firm XRVision used its software to do facial recognition of protesters and matched two Philadelphia antifa members to two men inside the Senate." The story doesn’t include any images of protesters but the Times reported that "the source provided the photo match to The Times" and described them.  "One has a tattoo that indicates he is a Stalinist sympathizer," the story says. "XRVision also identified another man who, while not known to have antifa links, is someone who shows up at climate and Black Lives Matter protests in the West." We emailed XRVision to ask about the claims and an attorney for the company responded with a statement from XRVision.  The company denied generating "any composites or detection imagery" for the Times or a "retired military officer." XRVision did analyze footage from yesterday and identified several people, whose identities the company shared with law enforcement, according to the statement.  It concluded that two of the men "were affiliated with the Maryland Skinheads and the National Socialist Movements."  "These are two known Nazi organizations, they are not Antifa," the statement said. Pictures of these men were posted on the blog Philly Antifa, which describes itself as a site "for all things Antifascist" centered around Philadelphia. But the blog does not identify them as Philadelphia antifa members. Rather, it connects them to the Maryland Skinheads and the National Socialist Movement. (We’ve written more about one of the men here.) The third person XRVision identified was "an actor with some QAnon promotion history," XRVision said. "Again, no Antifa identification was made for him either."  We’ve already debunked a claim that this person was an "Antifa thug." You can read that fact-check here. XRVision said in its statement that its lawyer had told the publication to retract the claims in its story and publish an apology. We reached out to the Washington Times about the statement and did not immediately receive a reply. But soon after, the story link redirected to the Washington Times homepage and appeared to have been pulled from the publication’s website. The publication later responded that it added a correction to the story, which was live again. The correction said: "An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated that XRVision facial recognition software identified Antifa members among rioters who stormed the Capitol Wednesday. XRVision did not identify any Antifa members. The Washington Times apologizes to XRVision for the error."  We rate the claim that XRVision’s facial recognition "confirmed antifa infiltrated the Trump rally" False. UPDATE (Jan. 8, 2021): Following initial publication of this fact-check, the Washington Times responded to PolitiFact to say that it had corrected its story. We have updated this fact-check to reflect that change. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.  

Corrections and Updates,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Joy Behar

2021-03-23 00:00:00

a TV segment:

A facial recognition firm “confirmed antifa infiltrated the Trump rally in D.C.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-01-07 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/07/facebook-posts/face-painted-man-horned-fur-cap-capitol-riot-suppo/

Face-painted man in horned fur cap at Capitol riot supports Trump and QAnon, not antifa

Hours after supporters of President Donald Trump stormed the U.S. Capitol, several of his allies in Congress and the media baselessly claimed anti-fascist provacateurs were to blame for the violence. Some suggested, without evidence, that the crowd backing Trump’s efforts to overturn the election was infiltrated by antifa. Antifa stands for "anti-fascist," and it is not a group but a broad coalition of activists.  Others focused on specific protesters who forced their way inside the Capitol and were shown in photographs, such as a bare-chested man who wore face paint and a horned fur cap. "These are NOT Trump supporters," said one Jan. 6 Facebook post. "Antifa THUGS." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) But the mysterious man in horns is not antifa-aligned. The man, Jake Angeli, supports Trump and is a well-known supporter of the baseless QAnon conspiracy theory. He goes by the moniker, "Q Shaman," and he told the Arizona Republic he uses his unique outfit to stand out. Poynter reported that in December, Angeli launched an online crowdfunding campaign to fund his participation in pro-Trump events.  The Arizona Republic described him as "a QAnon supporter who has been a fixture at Arizona right-wing political rallies over the past year." The Associated Press reported that he was also seen in the same signature headwear at a pro-Trump rally Nov. 7 in Phoenix. Jake Angeli speaks at a rally outside the Maricopa County Recorder's Office on Nov. 7, 2020, in Phoenix. (AP) PolitiFact’s review of Angeli’s private Facebook page showed photos and posts that indicated support for QAnon and Trump. (Followers of QAnon believe Trump is leading a fight against a global cabal of Satan-worshipping pedophiles.) False claims linking Angeli and other people who mobbed the Capitol to antifa took off online in the hours after the event. An NBC News analysis identified thousands of tweets that accused antifa members of "posing" as Trump supporters.  Angeli responded on Twitter when Lin Wood, an attorney who has filed lawsuits seeking to overturn the presidential election, posted photos of Angeli and claimed he is an antifa activist. The Daily Beast’s Will Sommer, who covers QAnon closely, highlighted the exchange. "Mr. Wood. I am not antifa or blm," Angeli’s tweet said. "I'm a Qanon & digital soldier. My name is Jake & I marched with the police & fought against BLM & ANTIFA in PHX." There remains no credible evidence that the Trump supporters who stormed the U.S. Capitol were antifa activists. Video and photos from the scene show many people wearing and waving Trump-branded paraphernalia and flags. Trump spoke to a rally of supporters in Washington hours before the violence erupted, and he had urged them to come to the city on Jan. 6 and back his efforts to overturn the election. He encouraged the rally to march to Congress and suggested he’d join them. He did not. Our ruling A Facebook post said a man who was photographed storming the U.S. Capitol in a horned fur cap is an "Antifa thug." The man is a known QAnon supporter who has backed Trump. We rate this post Pants on Fire! RELATED: A day of crisis at the US Capitol, fact-checked RELATED: Is this a coup? Here’s some history and context to help you decide

National,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Georgia and Kansas Capitol buildings have been stormed by protesters.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-01-06 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/07/donald-trump/trump-clings-fantasy-landslide-victory-egging-supp/

Here’s how we know Trump’s repeated claim of a landslide victory is wrong

A mob breached the U.S. Capitol building on Jan. 6, forcing evacuations in both chambers of Congress and halting the Electoral College vote count — a historic insurrection against the federal government. The chaotic day started with a demonstration at the White House to promote the falsehood that President Donald Trump won the 2020 election.  For more than two months, Trump has uttered and encouraged inaccurate claims that the election was stolen from him to put Joe Biden in the White House. The claims festered on social media and found a home on television networks like Fox News, One America News and Newsmax.  In remarks to his supporters on Jan. 6, Trump doubled down on his false claim to victory. He said lawmakers were trying to "illegally take over our country" and encouraged people to march toward the Capitol, which they did. RELATED: A day of crisis at the US Capitol, fact-checked "We won. We won in a landslide," he said during a speech on the Ellipse outside the White House. "This was a landslide." No, it was not a landslide. And he didn’t win. Here’s how we know that: All 50 states and the District of Columbia have certified their election results, which Congress sought to finalize Jan. 6. Those results show that Biden won with 306 electoral votes, to Trump’s 232. Biden won the popular vote by about 7 million. There is no evidence that voter fraud affected that outcome.  Election officials in every state have said there was no sign of significant voter fraud during the voting process. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency and its election partners called the 2020 election "the most secure in American history." Former Attorney General William Barr said the Justice Department had uncovered no evidence of widespread fraud. Barr reiterated that point before his Dec. 23 resignation.  Not one of the 62 lawsuits that Trump and his allies filed in state and federal courts has proved that voter fraud affected the election outcome. The suits have been dismissed by Democratic-appointed and Republican-appointed judges. PolitiFact has fact-checked dozens of allegations of voter fraud before and after Election Day. Under the Constitution, states have the power to administer elections and count votes. The states certified their results, some following audits and recounts, almost a month ago. Each state has its own process for certifying results, but here is how the process generally works: After voters cast their ballots, local election workers tabulate them at ballot-counting centers, where Republican, Democratic and nonpartisan challengers observe the process. They verify that the results match the number of votes cast, and that provisional ballots were cast legally.  Local election offices then send the results to a county canvassing or certification board, which is typically bipartisan. If there doesn’t appear to be a problem with the vote tally, the results are passed on to the state for final certification.  A state canvassing board, the secretary of state or other officials certify the election results. Each state had until Dec. 8 to certify its results and send them to the federal government. Anyone can access copies of the Electoral College certificates from the National Archives. There is no credible reason to believe that that process was plagued by fraud in 2020. In Georgia, where Biden had one of his slimmest margins of victory, two recounts — including one conducted by hand — reaffirmed his victory. Georgia’s secretary of state, a Republican, has repeatedly swatted down claims that voter fraud affected the vote. Both chambers of Congress met Jan. 6 to formally count the Electoral College votes and finalize the election results, but the session was disrupted by the Capitol breach. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said Jan. 6 that Congress would reconvene that night to count electoral votes.  When that does happen, there is no real chance that the election results will be overturned. In his address to the Senate before the chamber was evacuated, Majority Leader Mitch McConnell called on his colleagues to accept the outcome of the election. "Nothing before us proves illegality anywhere near the massive scale, the massive scale that would have tipped the entire election — nor can public doubt alone justify a radical break when the doubt itself was incited without any evidence," he said. "The voters, the courts, and the states have all spoken. They've all spoken. If we overrule them, it would damage our republic forever. This election actually was not unusually close." Our ruling In a speech to his supporters on a violent day in Washington, Trump said he won the 2020 election "in a landslide." That’s ridiculously wrong. He didn’t win at all, let alone in a landslide. Biden won the presidential election with 306 electoral votes, to Trump’s 232. All 50 states and the District of Columbia have certified their votes, which Congress will formally tally before Biden’s inauguration. None of the 62 lawsuits that Trump and his allies filed after Election Day has proved that voter fraud affected the election outcome. Federal agencies and state election officials have repeatedly said there is no evidence of widespread fraud. Trump’s claim is Pants on Fire! RELATED: A note to our readers who think President Trump won

National,Elections,Donald Trump

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Shannon Grove

2021-01-06 00:00:00

a tweet:

Google and Apple maps won’t give directions to Washington, D.C. because “they don’t want you going to a certain big rally.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-01-06 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/25/joy-behar/fact-checking-joy-behar-mass-shootings-and-assault/

Fact-checking Joy Behar on mass shootings and the assault weapons ban

After a Colorado gunman killed 10 people in what was the second mass shooting in a week, Democrats and gun control advocates renewed calls for a nationwide ban on assault weapons, like the federal law that was in effect from 1994 until 2004. Joy Behar, co-host of ABC’s "The View," joined the chorus March 23. "In 2004, George W. Bush lifted the ban on those rifles, and since then, the number of massacres has increased 183%," Behar said, after rattling off a list of high-profile mass shootings from recent years where the perpetrators used AR-15 style weapons. "During the ban, there were 12 incidents," Behar continued. "Since he lifted the ban, there were 34 incidents. Anybody, or a right-minded person, can see that that gun has to go." PolitiFact has fact-checked similar claims assessing the impact of the 1994 assault-weapons ban several times following other mass shootings. We wondered if Behar’s statement was true. The first part of her statement was not. The 1994 ban enacted under former President Bill Clinton expired because of a sunset provision written into the law, not because Bush decided to axe it, as Behar claimed. News reports from the time said he was on board with renewing it. But on the second part, we found that Behar’s numbers aligned with at least one researcher’s findings on mass shootings during and after the ban. And experts who study mass shootings said her broader point — that the number of high-fatality incidents has increased since the ban went away — is largely accurate, although proving cause-and-effect is difficult. The 1994 ban had a sunset provision The 1994 law, part of an anticrime package authored by then-Sen. Joe Biden, banned the "manufacture, transfer and possession" of certain semiautomatic firearms classified as "assault weapons" as well as certain high-capacity ammunition magazines of more than 10 rounds.  Clinton signed the law, and Bush was in office when it expired. But Bush didn’t scrap the law.  "It had a sunset provision and would end after 10 years without renewal or reinstatement," said Adam Lankford, a professor of criminology and criminal justice at the University of Alabama. News accounts from the time indicated that as Congress considered extending the ban beyond 2004, Bush said he would support doing so. "There were attempts by members of Congress to reauthorize it, including Dianne Feinstein, and they all failed," said Jaclyn Schildkraut, associate professor of criminal justice at the State University of New York at Oswego. "But it was not George Bush who lifted it." Behar’s numbers line up with one study There’s no universally accepted definition for mass shootings or "massacres," as Behar described the incidents in question. Asked where Behar got her numbers, an ABC spokesperson pointed to a 2018 report in the Washington Post. The report documented the findings that Louis Klarevas, research professor at Teachers College, Columbia University, outlined in his 2016 book, "Rampage Nation." Klarevas examined incidents over three decades — before, during and after the 1994 ban — in which six or more people were shot and killed, not including the perpetrators.  His findings shook out this way: The decade before the ban, 1984-94: 19 incidents. The decade during the ban, 1994-04: 12 incidents. The decade after the ban sunset, 2004-14: 34 incidents. That shows a 183% increase from the decade during the ban to the decade after it ended. Klarevas told PolitiFact that Behar’s claim was largely accurate, save for the blame she wrongly heaped on Bush — and one other caveat. The research Behar cited "does not account for all high-fatality mass shootings since the federal ban expired," Klarevas said. It accounts for only the first 10 years after the ban. "Behar actually understated the raw numbers, because she said 34 incidents ‘since’ the ban was ended," Lankford said. Klarevas said that since the ban expired, he has counted 62 incidents in which six or more people were shot and killed, including the recent shootings in Atlanta and Boulder, Colo.  "To put this in perspective, during the decade of the federal assault weapons ban, there were 12 high-fatality mass shootings. That comes out to an average of 1.2 incidents per year," Klarevas said. "In the 16.5 years since the expiration of the federal ban, there have been 62 high-fatality mass shootings. That comes out to an average of 3.8 incidents per year." Between the ban’s expiration and the end of 2019, 32% of high-fatality mass shootings Klarevas recorded involved firearms classified as assault weapons, and 82% involved large-capacity magazines, he said. Other related studies Other research backs Behar’s broader point that mass shootings have gone up since the ban ended. Not all mass shootings are carried out with the style of weapons that were banned.  Schildkraut’s research follows a different definition of mass shootings that counts targeted, public shootings in which "multiple" victims are injured or killed within 24 hours. By her definition, which doesn’t count shootings related to gang violence or terroristic activity, there were 13 mass shootings involving an assault weapon during the ban, and 27 in the decade after. "We used a different definition of public mass shootings, but our numbers are similar," she said.  Grant Duwe, director of research and evaluation for the Minnesota Department of Corrections, who defines mass shootings as incidents where four or more victims are publicly killed, told the Washington Post that his numbers show "there has been an increase in both the incidence and severity of mass public shootings (on a per capita basis) since the latter part of the 2000s." Other recent research came from Christopher Koper, a George Mason University professor who wrote a 2004 Justice Department study that gave fuel to both sides of the gun control debate.  In a 2020 report, Koper said the ban on assault weapons and large-capacity magazines "had exemptions and loopholes that limited its short-term effects, but its expiration in 2004 was followed by an increase in the use of these weapons in mass shootings and other crimes." Research Lankford co-authored found that attackers’ increased use of semi-automatic rifles and assault weapons is part of the reason why the U.S. has had more high-fatality shootings over time. Another reason appears to be "a change in motives" that has more recent mass shooters seeking to kill large numbers of people for fame and attention, Lankford said.  In previous fact-checks, experts cautioned that it's difficult to directly tie increases in mass shootings to the expiration of the 2004 ban.  Klarevas, for his part, argued that the data are strong enough to suggest a causal relationship. A 2019 study that he co-authored, which focused on large-capacity magazines, "suggested that bans on large-capacity magazines were effective at reducing mass shooting violence," he said. Our ruling Behar said, "In 2004, George W. Bush lifted the ban on those (AR-15 type) rifles, and since then, the number of massacres has increased 183%. During the ban, there were 12 incidents. Since he lifted the ban, there were 34 incidents." The ban expired because of a sunset provision in the law, not because of Bush.  The numbers in Behar’s claim aligned with — and even understated — one researcher’s findings on the number of mass shootings that occurred during and after the 1994-to-2004 ban. Other research has similarly identified increases in such incidents since the ban ended, though the exact numbers vary partly due to how "mass shooting" is defined.   We rate this claim Half True.

Colorado,Crime,Pundits,PunditFact,Guns,Joy Behar

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Facebook posts

2021-01-05 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“39% of Americans … 31% of independents ... 17% of Democrats believe the election was rigged."

Miriam Valverde

2021-01-06 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/25/facebook-posts/no-gates-didnt-say-80-getting-moderna-vaccine-had-/

No, Gates didn’t say 80% getting Moderna vaccine had significant side effects

No, Bill Gates, one of the world’s leading proponents of COVID-19 vaccinations, did not say that 80% of the people who took the Moderna vaccine suffered significant side effects. Nevertheless, this claim was widely shared on Facebook: "80% of People Taking The #Maderna Vaccine Had Significant Side-Effectives Via #BillGates." The post, which relies on a misleading video clip from comedian and podcast host Joe Rogan, was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) It’s not uncommon for some people receiving the two-dose Moderna regimen to report pain in the arm that received the shot, or feeling tired or sick for a day or so, particularly after the second dose. But Gates did not say that 80% of people receiving the Moderna vaccine experience significant side effects. And reports of "severe adverse events" associated with the Moderna vaccine are extremely rare. Post relies on video that misquotes Gates The Facebook post includes video from a Rogan podcast in which Rogan recalls that Alex Jones, who runs a website that has published fake news and conspiracy theories, told him on a previous podcast that "80% of the people that took the Moderna vaccine had significant side effects, particularly after the second dose."  Rogan says that after he received pushback about Jones’ claim, "I played the Bill Gates clip where Bill Gates is being interviewed by CBS and he says it himself."  But Gates didn’t say that in the excerpt that Rogan played. In fact, he didn’t say it at any point in the CBS interview. Here’s that portion of CBS anchor Norah O’Donnell’s interview with Gates, which was done in July. O’Donnell: "You mentioned side effects. The side effects for the Moderna vaccine sound concerning. We looked. After the second dose, at least 80% of participants experienced a systemic side effect, ranging from severe chills to fevers. So, are these vaccines safe?" Gates: "Well, the FDA, not being pressured, will look hard at that. The FDA is the gold standard of regulators and their current guidance on this, if they stick with that, is very, very appropriate. The side effects were not super-severe; that is, it didn’t cause permanent health problems. Moderna did have to go with a fairly high dose to get the antibodies. Some of the other vaccines are able to go with lower doses to get responses that are pretty high, including the" Johnson & Johnson and Pfizer vaccines. … O’Donnell: "But everybody with a high dose had a side effect."            Gates: "Yeah, but some of that is not dramatic, where it’s just super-painful. But, yes, we need to make sure there’s not               severe side effects. The FDA, I think, will do a good job of that, despite the pressure." Video includes two other misleading clips The post is also misleading in that its video includes two other misleading clips. As Gates is heard speaking in the CBS interview, clips roll showing two women. No audio is played with those clips and no other description of them is given. One shows a Tennessee nurse who became dizzy and was assisted to the ground after getting the Pfizer vaccine. She recovered and later said that she regularly feels dizzy after experiencing any kind of pain, even after stubbing a toe. The other clip is of an Indiana woman seated in a hospital bed shaking. She had claimed in viral videos in January that she suffered from uncontrollable shaking after taking the first round of the Moderna vaccine. Doctors at a neuroscience hospital told the woman her problem was likely stress-related, her fiance told an Indiana newspaper. Moderna’s side effects  So, where might the 80% figure claimed in the post have originated? In July, about a week before Gates’ CBS interview, the New England Journal of Medicine published a preliminary report on a trial involving 45 healthy adults who were given two doses of the Moderna vaccine, 28 days apart. They were divided into three groups of 15, with each group receiving a different dose level. In an article about that report, Wired magazine said: "By the time they’d had two doses, every single one was showing signs of headaches, chills, or fatigue, and for at least 80%, this could have been enough to interfere with their normal activities." Moderna later submitted data from a large trial to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. A December FDA report said that out of 15,184 people who received the vaccine, 82 had a serious adverse event, such as death, heart attack or pneumonia — fewer than 0.5%.  That was the same level for the placebo group. There was no indication the vaccine caused any of the serious events. The most commonly reported side effects of the Moderna vaccine, which typically lasted several days, were pain at the injection site, tiredness, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, swollen lymph nodes in the same arm as the injection, nausea and vomiting, and fever, according to the FDA. More people experienced those side effects after the second dose. There is a remote chance that the vaccine could cause a severe allergic reaction, the FDA says. Our ruling A Facebook post claimed: "80% of people taking the Moderna vaccine had significant side effects, via Bill Gates." Gates was asked in July about 80% of the people in an early trial of Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine reporting "systemic" side effects such as severe chills and fevers. He did not say that 80% of people who got that vaccine experienced significant side effects. An FDA report in December said 0.5% of 15,184 people who took the Moderna vaccine experienced a "severe adverse event." That was the same level for the placebo group. There was no indication the vaccine caused any of the serious events. We rate the post False.

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Ted Cruz

2021-01-06 00:00:00

a speech on the Senate floor:

"In 2004, George W. Bush lifted the ban on those (AR-15 type) rifles, and since then, the number of massacres has increased 183%. During the ban, there were 12 incidents. Since he lifted the ban, there were 34 incidents."

Bill McCarthy

2021-03-25 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/25/richard-hudson/border-crossings-are-not-because-biden-stopped-wal/

Border crossings are up, but not because Biden stopped the wall or deportations

A North Carolina congressman says the number of crossings at the U.S.-Mexico border has doubled and that President Biden’s policies are to blame. Republican Richard Hudson spoke about immigration with Fox News in a segment posted online March 15. "The reason we’re having this Biden border surge is because he’s reversed these policies, as you say. He stopped building the wall. He put a halt on deportations and he brought back catch and release," he said.  He later tweeted those same talking points. "Democrats are trying to shift blame but make no mistake - this is the #BidenBorderCrisis. The facts back it up: illegal border crossings are up 173% from 1 year ago and 28% since January when President Biden stopped the wall & deportations and started catch & release," he said. While Hudson’s stats aren’t exactly right, he has a point about illegal border crossing numbers increasing significantly since last year and even since January. As for what’s causing the situation at the border, experts say his description is off. The numbers Border crossing numbers are available at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s website.  When the webpage opens, a chart will appear showing data that combines two types of encounters: those recorded by Border Patrol, and those recorded by the Office of Field Operations. What’s the difference? The field office deals with people who showed up at an official port of entry in an attempt to legally enter and were turned away. Meanwhile, Border Patrol data includes people who attempted to enter the country without going through the legal process. If you combine the two pools of data, the total number of encounters this February is 173% higher than it was last February. This is likely where Hudson’s figure comes from. The agency reported a total of 100,441 encounters in February, up from 36,687 last February. However, to focus on "illegal border crossings," it’s more effective to omit field office encounters and focus on Border Patrol data. If we just look at encounters with Border Patrol, they triple from 30,077 last February to 96,974 this February. That’s an increase of 222%. One thing to note is that the agency tracks crossings — not people, meaning some of the documented crossings could be from the same person. In fact, the agency estimated that between last March and this February 38% of all encounters involved recidivism, or individuals who have been apprehended more than once. As for month-to-month numbers, encounters rose roughly 28% with or without field office data. In summary, Hudson is right in that the rise in illegal crossings was likely 173% — at least. He looked at the wrong numbers but the miss doesn’t undermine his point.  Now let’s look at what Hudson claims is the reason for the rise. PolitiFact NC interviewed four experts who each said Hudson inaccurately described Biden’s policies and overlooked the myriad of reasons for the situation at the border, which PolitiFact wrote about earlier this month. The wall Does the wall have anything to do with the current problem at the border? Experts say no.  "The wall was not a factor at all," said David Bier, an immigration expert at the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank. "It has no effect on whether people cross the border — only on where they cross." "No more walls are being built right now. But it does not matter," said Tony Payan, director of the Center for the United States and Mexico at Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy. "The wall has no practicable effect on crossborder irregular migrant traffic or drug smuggling for that matter," Payan said. It’s true that Biden has halted construction of the wall along the southern border. However, it’s wrong to suggest that further construction would have made a difference. As PolitiFact has previously reported, former President Donald Trump replaced roughly 200 miles of existing border fencing over four years but erected only a few miles of new border wall.  "It is not as if continued construction of border walls and fences would have hermetically sealed the border tomorrow," said Lynn Marcus, director of Arizona University’s Community Immigration Law Placement Clinic. "New segments of the wall take years to build," said Nicole Hallett, director of the Immigrants’ Rights Clinic at the University of Chicago Law School. "The amount of wall that would have been built between January and now is negligible and would have practically no effect on how many people are crossing the border." Deportations Now to the last part of Hudson’s tweet. Did Biden "stop" deportations? And is that part of the reason for the rise in border crossings? This is a gross mischaracterization. When Biden took office, his administration ordered a 100-day pause on the deportation of people with final orders of removal. However, that pause didn’t apply to people who posed a threat to national security, who were convicted of a felony, or who were incarcerated at the time of the memo. And a federal judge later blocked Biden’s move. Biden also started allowing some asylum-seekers back into the country. That rule-change is expected to affect 25,000 asylum cases, according to a PolitiFact story from mid-February. In the meantime, federal law allows border officials to turn people away because of the public health emergency. This law is referred to as Title 42. Out of the roughly 96,000 migrants encountered by Border Patrol in February, more than 70,000 were turned away because of this rule. Bottom line: Deportations have not stopped. What about a supposed "catch and release" policy? Trump and other conservatives have used this term derogatorily over the years, sometimes referring to any rule that allows an immigrant to walk free. However, this Obama-era rule specifically allows asylum seekers to remain in the U.S. while awaiting court dates. (PolitiFact went over the rule in a recent fact check of the Texas governor.)  The Trump administration tried to ban "catch and release" in 2018. Biden lifted Trump's edict in early February, with the border patrol agency citing housing limitations as part of the reason why. "Per longstanding practice, when long-term holding solutions aren’t possible, some migrants will be processed for removal, provided a Notice to Appear, and released into the U.S. to await a future immigration hearing," an agency spokesman told Yahoo News. Experts dismissed the idea that "catch and release" has much to do with the rise in border crossings.  "Biden hasn’t changed catch and release policy in any meaningful way from Jan. 20," said Bier, the Cato expert. "More people are being released only because Mexico is refusing to take more than a certain number back. But he is removing far more and releasing far fewer migrants than Trump in the 2019 wave." Explaining the situation When we asked Hudson for the source of his information, his office cited four news articles about immigrants who said they expected Biden’s administration to grant them entry. Spokesman Greg Steele said Biden’s administration is clearly "contributing to migrants surging to the border."  Experts told PolitiFact they’re not surprised some migrants cite Biden as a reason for their reason for crossing the border, either because they’re overly optimistic or because they’re misinformed. "No doubt, human smugglers take advantage of people's desperation by promising that, with the change in administrations, the U.S. will now welcome them with open arms," Marcus said. "While such messages may give hope to some who incur substantial debt to undertake the dangerous journey to the U.S. border, they are not the main reason people leave, nor are they based on fact." The four experts who emailed with PolitiFact NC about the situation said there are multiple reasons for the rise in border crossings.  "The number of migrants are on the rise," said Payan, the Rice University expert. "But, interestingly, they are showing the same pattern — they rise in the spring and summer and fall in the fall and winter." They have cited warming weather, political instability in immigrants’ home countries, hurricanes that hit Central America last year, and the economic fallout from the coronavirus pandemic. They also said Trump’s attempts to reject people seeking asylum, attempts that were challenged in the courts, created a logjam. The U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency mentioned some of these causes in a Feb. 10 press release. A Washington Post analysis found that the rise in migrants at the border follows a seasonal pattern set in fiscal year 2019, with the addition of pent-up demand from people who stayed home in 2020 because of the pandemic. Hallett, the expert at the University of Chicago, pointed out that border crossings still haven’t reached the level they were in spring 2019, when there were 100,000 crossings per month for four months straight.  "That would suggest that something independent of U.S. policy is at least partly responsible for the increase," she said. Our ruling Hudson said "Illegal border crossings are up 173% from 1 year ago and 28% since January when President Biden stopped the wall & deportations and started catch & release." Hudson’s numbers are slightly off, but his point about illegal crossings rising nearly 200% is accurate. However, experts say the reasons for the rise in border crossings are complex and not fairly summarized by pinning the blame on border wall construction and Biden’s deportation policies. We rate this claim Half True. PolitiFact reporter Miriam Valverde contributed to this article.

Immigration,Border Security,North Carolina,Richard Hudson

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Facebook posts

2021-03-18 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

"80% of people taking the Moderna vaccine had significant side effects, via Bill Gates."

Tom Kertscher

2021-03-25 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/25/tom-nelson/democrat-tom-nelson-right-claim-two-thirds-us-sena/

Democrat Tom Nelson right on claim that two thirds of U.S. senators are millionaires

Democratic candidates are already starting to pop up for a 2022 run for U.S. Senate, all aiming for a seat held now by Republican Ron Johnson, who has not said if he’ll seek a third term. And it doesn’t look like the race will be a friendly one.  Johnson was already a top target of Democrats before he said the Jan. 6 attack on the Capitol wasn’t an armed insurrection ( a claim we rated Pants on Fire) and before he forced a full-reading of the $1.9 trillion COVID relief plan advanced by Democrats and President Joe Biden (we rated his stance on full readings a Full Flop).  One of the Democratic candidates, Outagamie County Executive Tom Nelson, has been taking shots at Johnson, but also took aim recently toward Milwaukee Bucks executive Aex Lasry, who has also announced his Democratic campaign.   During a March 7, 2021 interview on WISN TV’s UPFRONT, Nelson said he had asked Lasry to not self-fund his campaign.  "I think what’s really important here is you listen to what the people want, I think the last thing people want is for someone to come in and self-fund," Nelson said. "Right now, two-thirds of the U.S. Senate is composed of millionaires. We need someone who is in touch with the people."  For this fact-check, we are focusing on the part of Nelson’s claim that two-thirds those in the Senate are millionaires.  Is he right?  Most senators worth millions When asked for backup for the claim, the Nelson campaign pointed to an August 2020 fact-check of U.S. Sen. Cory Booker, D-N.J., who claimed, in part, the Senate was "dominated by millionaires." PolitiFact National rated that claim True. That fact-check relied on an analysis by the Center for Responsive Politics, which examined net-worth data for senators from 2018 -- still the most recent data available.  The data comes from financial disclosure forms, which lawmakers are required to fill out. Because the forms don’t require exact values, only a range, the center calculated net worth for lawmakers by adding their assets, subtracting their liabilities and calculating the midpoint of the resulting range.  In all, 61 of the 100 senators had a net worth of at least $1 million -- with some having a net worth many times that amount. For example, Republican Kelly Loeffler of Georgia had a net worth of more than $500 million and Republican Rick Scott of Florida’s net worth was nearly $260 million. Also among the top:  Democrat Mark Warner of Virginia (more than $214 million) and Republican Mitt Romney of Utah (about $174 million).  Both Wisconsin senators met the threshold: Johnson was listed at $39 million, while Democrat Tammy Baldwin was listed at $1.1 million.  Of course, since the Center’s report last year, 10 seats changed. Of the 10 senators who were replaced, eight were millionaires. We could not locate recent net worth estimates for all of their replacements. That said, many of the new members are also millionaires. Democrat Mark Kelly of Arizona is worth between $10.8 million and $28 million, according to a January 2021 Newsweek report, while Democrat John Hickenlooper of Colorado is worth between $9 million and $27 million. Several others are also listed as worth more than $1 million.  According to a December 2020 report from the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, Georgia Democrats John Ossof and Raphael Warnock each have net worths well over $1 million as well. They replaced Republicans Loeffler and David Perdue, worth nearly $26 million.  Experts have noted in recent years that the cost of running for office -- in Wisconsin and across the nation -- has become increasingly difficult for candidates who cannot bring their own money to the table.  Robert Yablon, an associate professor at the University of Wisconsin Law School, said campaigns have become more expensive to run. Having money to start off a campaign can lead to better political consultants working on a campaign and likely even having wealthy friends willing to contribute large amounts, he said. The 2020 election is a good example of the escalating price, with seven campaigns bringing in $100 million or more in contributions -- more than ever before.  Yablon also noted that the Senate tends to attract people who have seen success in their life, whether in business or celebrity, which was likely lucrative. "There is a long history of very wealthy people in the Senate," he said. "The phenomenon is not new."  Our ruling  Nelson, a Democrat running for US. Senate, said that two-thirds of those in the Senate were millionaires.  Based on data from 2018, last year of financial disclosures available, 61 Senators had an average net worth of more than $1 million, according to one estimate. So, that is nearly two-thirds.  Many of the 10 newly elected senators also have high net worths, but an updated tally is not yet available.  Nevertheless, political experts say the Senate is likely to attract campaigns from wealthier people, contributing to the high number of millionaires who currently hold seats.  We rate this claim Mostly True.  

National,Congress,States,Wisconsin,Tom Nelson

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Tom Nelson

2021-03-07 00:00:00

TV

“Right now, two-thirds of the U.S. Senate is composed of millionaires.”

Laura Schulte

2021-03-25 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/24/donald-trump/what-trump-omits-his-attack-biden-about-border-sec/

What Donald Trump omits in his attack on Joe Biden about border security

Former President Donald Trump said that the Biden administration has created a "national disaster" at the border by ditching Trump’s immigration policies.  "We proudly handed the Biden administration the most secure border in history," Trump said in a March 21 statement. "All they had to do was keep this smooth-running system on autopilot. Instead, in the span of just (a) few weeks, the Biden administration has turned a national triumph into a national disaster."  Trump was responding to comments on the Sunday news shows by Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas who pointed the finger back at the Trump administration for the border woes. "The entire system under United States law that has been in place throughout administrations of both parties was dismantled in its entirety by the Trump administration," Mayorkas said on ABC This Week. We found that the situation at the border is more complicated than either Trump or the Biden administration is indicating. Trump’s claim that the border was the "most secure" and "on autopilot" is a significant exaggeration.  Metrics about the border We found there is no simple metric to determine if Biden inherited the "most secure" border. Some cite miles of barriers, while others use various apprehension figures.  "A secure border is really about definitions, and each side has their own definition of secure," said Laura Collins, director of the George W. Bush Institute-SMU Economic Growth Initiative. Trump’s office didn’t respond to our emails asking what metric he was citing on border security. When Trump said near the end of the campaign that "we achieved the most secure border in American history" he cited the number of miles of border barriers that were built. But most of the miles were to replace existing structures, including in low-traffic areas.  Another metric that Trump highlighted in May was apprehension numbers on the southwest border. Immigration experts have told us that high apprehension numbers could be an indication of effective border enforcement, others say low apprehension numbers are a sign that U.S. policies are working to deter illegal immigration in the first place. Some experts point to the border apprehension rate, which is the proportion of attempted border crossers apprehended. The Department of Homeland Security’s August border security metrics report showed that the apprehension rate in fiscal year 2016 — Obama’s last full year — was the highest of any year between 2000 and 2018.  So by that metric, the border was most secure in 2016, said Jessica Bolter, an analyst at the Migration Policy Institute. But the federal government hasn’t yet released more recent data, so we can’t use the apprehension rate to evaluate Trump’s claim that he handed off the most secure border to Biden. Finally, due to the barriers and other deterrents at the border, unauthorized migrants largely enter at ports of entry and overstay a visa or turn themselves in and request asylum. That’s why miles of the border fence don’t tell us much about the status of border security.  The reality of the border inherited by Biden While Trump presents the border surge as a "disaster" under Biden, the spike in migrants, especially unaccompanied minors, started in the spring of 2020 during the Trump administration and generally continued to climb each month. The numbers of migrants apprehended at the border rose between January and February, but it’s still less than the surge in May 2019. And in February, most of the encounters that Customs and Border Protection recorded at the border resulted in quick expulsions under the same public health-related authority that was invoked under the Trump administration. Besides U.S. policy, factors that drive migrants to leave their home countries have included economic havoc caused by hurricanes and the pandemic, and yearslong problems associated with violence. The numbers of migrants arriving at the border also tend to spike in the spring and summer months. When Biden took office, there was a pent-up demand to cross the border due to asylum seekers who were waiting in Mexican border towns because of Trump’s "Remain in Mexico" program and pandemic-related border closures.  The Biden administration has repeatedly said that the border is closed. But it has made some policy changes, such as choosing not to expel unaccompanied children who cross illegally, even though it has the legal authority to do so. Each administration faces unique challenges at the border Trump said Biden could have operated on autopilot, but experts said each administration must examine legal rulings and current conditions.  "There is no such thing as 'autopilot' in immigration," said Susan Martin, an immigration expert at Georgetown University. "I don't see how Biden could have maintained Trump's policies, given the outcome of the election and the shifting situation on the border." The Trump administration’s asylum policies on the border were also challenged in court. "Operating on autopilot might have been a problematic policy because it involved denying people their ability to lodge an asylum case," said Josiah Heyman, director of the Center for Inter-American and Border Studies at the University of Texas at El Paso Because Congress has failed to reach agreement on major immigration policies, that leaves it up to each new presidential administration to issue orders, set priorities and use words to convey a tone about immigration.  "The border surge is just the latest symptom of a broken immigration system," Collins said. "Congress needs to do the hard work of modernizing our immigration system and adopting an ‘all of the above’ border policy that anticipates future crises and has the flexibility to adapt to changing circumstances." Our ruling Trump said "we proudly handed the Biden administration the most secure border in history. All they had to do was keep this smooth-running system on autopilot." While Trump promoted building a wall, some metrics suggest Trump didn’t attain the most secure border in history. And Trump ignores that the surge started in the spring of 2020 when he was still in office.  He also grossly oversimplified how the immigration system works. It’s not as straightforward as keeping it on "autopilot."  Biden’s actions and tone on immigration play a role in migration, but so do other factors such as ongoing economic and social havoc in Central America. We rate this statement Mostly False. RELATED: Did the increase of children arriving at the border start under Trump or Biden? RELATED: Fox News’ Jeanine Pirro wrongly claims US border is ‘open to anyone from anywhere’

Immigration,National,Donald Trump

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Jack Posobiec

2021-03-23 00:00:00

a tweet:

“New information coming in that Boulder shooter was a Syrian refugee who arrived via Obama-era asylum programs.”

Daniel Funke

2021-03-24 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/24/alejandro-mayorkas/fact-checking-claim-about-trump-administration-cha/

Fact-checking claim about Trump administration changes to the immigration system

President Joe Biden’s top immigration official defended the federal response to the growing numbers of people arriving at the southern border, and claimed that current efforts are complicated by the Trump administration’s drastic changes. Alejandro Mayorkas, secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, said the Biden administration has a plan and knows what to do, but it will take time to get things done. "And why does it take time now? Why is it especially challenging and difficult now? Because the entire system under United States law that has been in place throughout administrations of both parties was dismantled in its entirety by the Trump administration," Mayorkas told ABC News’ Martha Raddatz on March 21. The Biden administration is "rebuilding the system" to address the needs of unaccompanied children making their way to the southern border, he said. How accurate is Mayorkas’ claim that the Trump administration "dismantled" the "entire system"? There’s some truth to his broad claim, but the challenges the Biden administration faces can’t all be blamed on the prior administration, immigration experts said. "The border surge is just the latest symptom of a broken immigration system," said Laura Collins, director of the George W. Bush Institute-SMU Economic Growth Initiative. Conditions that push migration haven’t changed, and U.S. hasn’t adapted Experts said it’s important to take a step back and note the underlying factors that push people out of their countries and why the U.S. — regardless of who’s president — has trouble handling their arrival. Persistent corruption, poverty, lack of opportunity and violence in Central America drive people to leave their families and seek a better life in the United States. Recently, hurricanes in Central America made things worse for many people, ruining their crops and displacing them from their homes. The coronavirus pandemic has also left many people without a job. On the U.S. side of the issue, Congress hasn’t passed meaningful legislation to modernize the legal immigration system or to better prepare the federal government for surges at the border. (The last big immigration law was enacted in 1986, when Ronald Reagan was president.) It’s also worth noting that there are seasonal trends at play — migration tends to increase in the spring. Changes in asylum process DHS directed PolitiFact to a statement Mayorkas issued March 16 about the Trump administration dismantling the asylum system. Many people who make it to the southern border ask for asylum. "We have had to rebuild the entire system, including the policies and procedures required to administer the asylum laws that Congress passed long ago," Mayorkas said. Under federal law, immigrants may be granted asylum if they have been persecuted or fear they will be persecuted on account of race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group. To apply for asylum, people have to be physically present in the U.S. They can apply even if they arrive without legal permission. A backlog of cases existed before Trump took office and continued to grow during his tenure, despite his attempts to limit the number of people filing cases. The Trump administration revamped the asylum-seeking process in many ways, including by: Denying asylum to people who did not ask for protection in another country first; Entering into agreements with Central American countries so that they’d take asylum seekers who would have otherwise applied for protection in the United States; and Launching the "Remain in Mexico" program that sent asylum seekers to Mexico to wait there for a resolution of their case. Previous administrations allowed people into the United States as their case made its way through the complex immigration system. (It can take years for cases to be resolved.) Trump’s administration also tried to discourage people from coming to the U.S. to apply for asylum by implementing a policy that ultimately separated parents and children upon arrival at the border. The Biden administration got rid of that policy and launched a task force to help reunify families. Biden’s administration has also begun letting in asylum seekers stranded in Mexico. Separately, Trump also weakened another venue for legal migration — the U.S. refugee program. People apply for refugee admission from outside the U.S. (in their home countries or in refugee camps elsewhere). Before leaving office, President Barack Obama said the U.S. should let in as many as 110,000 refugees in fiscal year 2017. When Trump took over, he said that was too much and capped it at 50,000. Trump continued to lower the caps every year he was in office. Biden has pledged to significantly raise the admissions cap. Elimination of Central American Minors program Mayorkas’ statement also said that Trump "tore down" the Central American Minors program — created in 2014 by the Obama administration to address a surge of children fleeing gang violence and arriving alone at the border. The program sought to deter Central American children from making the dangerous trip north. The program allowed certain parents lawfully present in the United States to petition for their children in Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras to come in as refugees. Children ineligible for refugee admission but at risk of violence were eligible for immigration parole (allowed into the U.S. temporarily, but not formally admitted under the U.S. immigration system). The Trump administration in 2017 decided to end the program. Mayorkas and Democratic lawmakers argue that its absence contributes to the current surge. But Democrats are overstating the program’s impact, experts said. Plenty of kids were left out of it, due to eligibility requirements and its lengthy application process, said Jessica Bolter, an associate policy analyst at the Migration Policy Institute. The program "had not yet developed into a fully effective alternative to illegal immigration for a broad population," Bolter said. Also, it ended years ago, so "it doesn’t make sense that the effects would suddenly appear this year," she said. Biden’s administration is restarting the program. In this June 18, 2014 photo, boys await medical appointments in a holding area at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center in Nogales, Ariz. (AP)   Cuts in foreign aid Mayorkas also claimed that Trump cut "foreign aid funding" and that "no longer did we resource efforts in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras to tackle the root causes of people fleeing their homes." He’s right about cuts in foreign aid, and that may have exacerbated some conditions that potential migrants were facing, experts said. But they also emphasized that other factors likely carried more weight in people’s decision to migrate. Obama’s administration in 2014 decided that improving living conditions in Central America would be beneficial to the U.S. and approved a new strategy to increase annual foreign aid to the region. Trump’s administration did the opposite, proposing cuts instead. Annual funding for the Central America strategy declined from $750 million in fiscal year 2017 to $505.9 million in fiscal year 2021, a Congressional Research Service analysis found. And amid an immigration surge in 2019, the Trump administration suspended that support while it negotiated asylum agreements with El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala. That pause "was a colossal waste," said Susan Martin, a professor emerita at Georgetown University and director of the U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform from 1992 to 1997. None of the three countries are safe or capable of processing asylum applications, she said. Aid targeted toward the problems in Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador "would have been much more effective in reducing emigration pressures over time," Martin said. It’s hard to tell at this point how much impact those aid cuts have had on migration. "A lot of foreign assistance is about investing in long-term change rather than short-term results," Collins said. "Lots of foreign assistance won’t fix migration on its own, but it is an important piece of a comprehensive approach." Biden has pledged to invest $4 billion in Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador to improve conditions there and lessen the desire to migrate to the U.S. Our ruling Mayorkas said the border surge is "challenging" because the immigration system that had been in place for decades "was dismantled in its entirety by the Trump administration." Trump’s administration did make significant changes to the U.S. immigration system, including the asylum-seeking process for migrants arriving at the southern border. While those actions may have an impact on migration, they are not wholly responsible for a surge in migration or the Biden administration’s ability to deal with it, experts said. Mayorkas’ statement is partly accurate. We rate it Half True.

Immigration,Border Security,Homeland Security,Alejandro Mayorkas

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Donald Trump

2021-03-21 00:00:00

a statement to the media:

"We proudly handed the Biden administration the most secure border in history. All they had to do was keep this smooth-running system on autopilot.”

Amy Sherman

2021-03-24 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/24/facebook-posts/milwaukee-county-judge-charged-child-pornography-w/

No, the president of Drag Queen Story Hour wasn't arrested on child porn charges

Social media users are claiming that the president of "Drag Queen Story Hour" has been charged with possession of child pornography.  "The whole drag-queen concept is about sexualization of the young," reads a Facebook post, beside a screengrab from an article published by conservative news site Big League Politics. "Milwaukee judge and president of Drag Queen Story Hour group arrested, charged with child pornography," reads the headline in the image.  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The claim found its way to Congress with Rep. Lauren Boebert, R-Colo., tweeting, "Drag queen story hour leader and the former CEO of horribly named 'Cream City Foundation' has been arrested for child pornography." These posts refer to Milwaukee County Circuit Court Judge Brett Blomme, who was recently arrested and charged with seven counts of child pornography.  Before being elected as  a judge, Blomme served as the chair of the Board of Zoning Appeals for the city of Milwaukee. Until August 2020, he was CEO of the Cream City Foundation, an LGBTQ advocacy nonprofit organization that gives grants and scholarships and borrows its name from a Milwaukee nickname that references the color of bricks produced there in the 1800s. The foundation published a statement denouncing Blomme following news of his arrest.  According to the Drag Queen Story Hour website, the organization holds events where entertainers dress in drag and read stories to children in libraries and schools. The program aims to help kids "see people who defy rigid gender restrictions and imagine a world where people can present as they wish, where dress up is real." The organization has more than 40 chapters in the United States and additional chapters in Europe, Australia, Mexico and Japan.  Cream City Foundation acted as the fiscal sponsor of the Milwaukee chapter of Drag Queen Story Hour. A fiscal sponsorship is a financial partnership that allows a non-tax-exempt organization like the Milwaukee chapter to receive donations. A charitable organization – in this case the Cream City Foundation – receives donations meant for the Milwaukee chapter and gives the donation to them in the form of grants.  But Blomme never held a position with Drag Queen Story Hour Milwaukee, much less served as president of the national umbrella organization.  Jonathan Hamilt, the executive director of the national Drag Queen Story Hour organization, said in an emailed statement that the foundation’s relationship with Drag Queen Story Hour was "strictly financial."  "DQSH Milwaukee has never been run by the Cream City Foundation nor Brett Blomme, (nor) have either participated in planning, organizing, hosting or performing at any of our events" he wrote. "Brett has never held a title or position within our organization ever. Aside from financials, they have had no part in DQSH Milwaukee & DQSH HQ." Hamilt said that the Milwaukee chapter of his organization is severing all ties with Cream City Foundation.  Our ruling Claims shared on social media said that the "president of Drag Queen Story Hour" was "arrested, charged with child pornography." That’s not what happened. A judge who used to lead an organization that served as an intermediary for donations to the Drag Queen Story Hour’s Milwaukee chapter has been charged with seven counts of child pornography. But he never held a position with the Drag Queen Story Hour.  We rate these claims False. ​

Crime,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Alejandro Mayorkas

2021-03-21 00:00:00

The border surge is “challenging” because the immigration system that had been in place for decades “was dismantled in its entirety by the Trump administration.”

Miriam Valverde

2021-03-24 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/24/viral-image/ar-15-style-weapons-were-used-10-major-shootings/

AR-15 style weapons were used in 10 major shootings

Semi-automatic rifles in the AR-15 style have been the weapon of choice in numerous deadly mass shootings. Until 2004, they were banned as assault weapons under federal law. Gun control advocates have focused on firearms of this sort for decades. In the arrest warrant for the gunman in the March 22 shooting that killed 10 people in a Boulder, Colo., supermarket, police describe one of the weapons as "a rifle (possible AR-15)." Adam Best, an entrepreneur and progressive activist with over 189,000 followers on Twitter, posted a list with 11 other shootings over the past decade that he said involved an AR-15. Boulder: AR-15Orlando: AR-15Parkland: AR-15Las Vegas: AR-15Aurora, CO: AR-15Sandy Hook: AR-15Waffle House: AR-15San Bernardino: AR-15Midland/Odessa: AR-15Poway synagogue: AR-15Sutherland Springs: AR-15Tree of Life Synagogue: AR-15— Adam Best (@adamcbest) March 23, 2021 AR-15 once referred to a specific model of rifle, but the label has come to be recognized in recent decades as a shorthand term for a category of firearms that share certain characteristics. (The AR stands for ArmaLite, the original maker of the AR-15 rifle.) They are semi-automatic, which means the trigger must be pulled to fire each round, and a new round moves into the chamber after each pull. As rifles, they have a general shape and configuration, and can be customized with a choice of grips, triggers, stock, and more. We reviewed news and law enforcement reports on the shootings listed in Best’s tweet.  We verified that all but one did involve at least one weapon in the AR-15 style. The possible exception was the deadly attack on the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Fla. Orlando June 12, 2016: A gunman began shooting inside the Pulse, killing 49 people and wounding 53. Orlando Police officers shot and killed him after a three-hour standoff. One of the weapons was a SIG Sauer MCX. The SIG Sauer takes a lot of the form and functions of the AR-15 but with reworked internal mechanics and some other changes. For example, the SIG Sauer is built to handle a different caliber round than the standard AR-15. The two weapons have so much in common that the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms called the SIG Sauer used in Orlando a ".223 caliber AR type rifle."  Guns traced in #Orlando shooting: .223 caliber AR type rifle and 9mm semiautomatic pistol. Similar to those pictured pic.twitter.com/Ao5pcLtwBg— ATF HQ (@ATFHQ) June 12, 2016 Parkland Feb. 14, 2018: A gunman opened fire with a semi-automatic rifle at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Fla. He killed 17 people and injured 17 others.  Las Vegas Oct. 1, 2017:  A gunman opened fire on concertgoers at the Route 91 Harvest music festival on the Las Vegas Strip. From his 32nd-floor hotel room, he killed 60 people and wounded 41. Police found 14 AR-15s, plus other weapons in the gunman’s hotel room. Aurora, Colo. July 20, 2012:  A gunman fired into the audience at a movie theater. He killed 12 people and injured 58 others. Sandy Hook Dec. 14, 2012: A gunman shot and killed 26 people, including 20 children between 6 and 7 years old, and six adult staff members at the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn. Waffle House April 22, 2018: A gunman opened fire inside a Waffle House restaurant in Nashville, Tenn. He killed four people and injured two others.  San Bernardino Dec. 2, 2015: A married couple opened fire at a San Bernardino County (Calif.) Department of Public Health training event and Christmas party. They killed 14 people and injured 22 others.  Midland/Odessa  Aug. 31, 2019: After shooting a police officer and another person, a gunman killed a postal worker, commandeered his van and fired on others on a Texas highway. He killed seven people and injured 25 others.  Poway synagogue April 27, 2019: A gunman fired shots inside the Chabad of Poway synagogue north of San Diego. He killed one woman and injured three others. Sutherland Springs Nov. 5, 2017: A gunman opened fire during services at the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas. He killed 26 people and wounded 20 others. Tree of Life Synagogue  Oct. 27, 2018: A gunman opened fire during services at the Tree of Life – Or L'Simcha Congregation in Pittsburgh. He killed 11 people and wounded six. Our ruling A tweet said an AR-15 style weapon was used in the Boulder mass shooting and 11 past mass shootings. At least one AR-15 style weapon was used in 10 of the examples.  For the 11th — at the Pulse nightclub — the weapon used had some internal differences from the AR-15 style, but the ATF characterized it as an AR-15. With that technical difference, we rate this claim Mostly True.  

National,Guns,Viral image

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Viral image

2021-03-22 00:00:00

a tweet:

These 11 mass shootings involved an AR-15-style weapon.

Jon Greenberg

2021-03-24 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/23/ron-johnson/johnson-errs-claiming-senate-had-no-violence-jan6/

Johnson errs claiming Senate had no violence Jan.6

Sen. Ron Johnson has taken every opportunity in recent months to downplay the seriousness of what took place in the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, and the role of President Donald Trump’s supporters in it. On Feb. 7, the Wisconsin Republican pondered whether the impeachment proceedings were a "diversionary operation … meant to deflect away from potentially what (U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi) knew and when she knew it." On Feb. 15, he asserted the Jan. 6 incursion "didn’t seem like an armed insurrection." We rated that claim Pants on Fire. On March 11, he compared the Jan. 6 event and rioters to the social justice movement. "I knew those were people (on Jan. 6) that love this country, that truly respect law enforcement, would never do anything to break the law, and so I wasn't concerned," Johnson said in an interview on conservative radio host Joe Pag’s show. "Now, had the tables been turned — Joe, this could get me in trouble — had the tables been turned, and President Trump won the election and those were tens of thousands of Black Lives Matter and Antifa protesters, I might have been a little concerned." As a quick aside, we’ll note the rank absurdity of attributing a respect for law enforcement and country to a group of rioters that injured 140 police officers, with one winding up dead, while violently forcing their way into the Capitol in an attempt to halt the Democratic process. But that comparison brings us to Johnson’s latest assertion, which came as he sought to defend those remarks March 20, 2021, to a conservative group in West Allis.   "One of the reasons I'm being attacked is because I very honestly said I didn't feel threatened on January 6. I didn't," Johnson said. "There was much more violence on the House side. There was no violence on the Senate side, in terms of the chamber. I mean, you’ve seen the video, guys just strolling in there, and the police just going, kinda saying, do you want to back off?" "We exited out of there and I walked back to my office. That’s it. … I didn’t feel threatened. I never felt threatened. It’s a true statement." We can’t fact check descriptions of an emotional state. But Johnson went a significant step beyond how he felt in asserting there was "no violence on the Senate side." Let’s drill down on that. Johnson’s distinction Several of the most tragically memorable moments occurred around the House chamber. That’s where we saw pictures of law enforcement wielding guns inside a barricaded chamber as protesters pushed at the door. And a Capitol Police officer shot and killed 35-year-old Ashli Babbitt as she climbed through another barricade just outside the chamber. But Johnson here is drawing a largely meaningless distinction. If armed men break into a home and attack the residents, the attack wouldn’t be any more or less violent based on which particular room people were attacked in. The hundreds of people swarming the Capitol in search of lawmakers, intending to halt the machinations of democracy, didn’t get in by asking politely. They forced entry to the seat of American democracy by arming themselves with all manner of weapons, forcing their way violently past law enforcement and breaking through windows and doors. What happened in the Senate chamber In any case, we got a more detailed picture of the Senate happenings during the second day of the Senate impeachment trial in February. The Senate had convened to debate challenges to the Arizona electoral vote lodged in a joint session of Congress when the rioters breached the Capitol. "The threat to the Senate was no less than that to the members of the House," U.S. Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Calif., one of the House Impeachment managers, said during his presentation. Senators sheltered in the chamber for the first 15 minutes after rioters broke through windows on the Senate side and stormed the halls around the chamber, as noted by CNN. During that time Officer Eugene Goodman faced down dozens of rioters on his own, retreating twice up a flight of stairs to lure the mob away from the Senate chambers. He was hailed as a hero by lawmakers. "You know how close you came to the mob," Swalwell told the Senate. "Some of you I understand could hear them." About 2:30 p.m. local time, the senators were hustled out of the chamber by law enforcement. Security video shows a mass of police officers creating a line at the end of a connecting hallway to block protesters from reaching the senators’ escape route. "As you were moving through that hallway, I paced it off. You were just 58 steps away from where the mob was amassing, and where police were rushing to stop them," Swalwell said. Rioters breached the Senate chamber about 2:45 p.m., with one man heard on video asking, "Where the (expletive) are they?" The rioters rifled through desks, stole documents and posed for pictures. Several were wearing helmets and tactical gear, and two were carrying zip cuffs. Jacob Chansley of Arizona, the Qanon adherent who donned a fur hat and carried a six-foot spear, left a note for Vice President Mike Pence that read in part, "It’s only a matter of time, justice is coming." "If the doors to this chamber had been breached just minutes earlier, imagine what they could have done with those cuffs," Swalwell said. Luke Mogelson, a reporter for The New Yorker who videotaped the Senate chamber throughout the incident, described a bizarre scene in which a lone police officer, noting he was outnumbered, inquired, "Any chance I could get you guys to leave the Senate wing?" When a mass of officers later arrived, the rioters were allowed to simply walk out of the chamber, with one officer thanking them for being peaceful even as he stood with a ripped shirt, a crooked tie and eyes red from pepper spray. Our ruling Johnson said at a West Allis presentation he didn’t feel threatened Jan. 6 because "there was no violence on the Senate side, in terms of the chamber." The highest-profile violent acts indeed occurred around the House chamber. But this is an absurd description for any element of an event where hundreds of rioters forced their way past police and into the U.S. Capitol, forcing lawmakers to scurry to safety and leaving more than 100 injured officers in their wake. The fact no one was killed or injured in the chamber does little to lessen the violence inherent to the presence of rioters who acted violently to get in the building. Senators like Johnson had the luxury of being potentially less fearful only because of officers like Goodman and whatever happenstance led more rioters initially to the House chamber, allowing senators to escape before rioters forced their way into the chamber. We rate this claim Mostly False.

Congress,Criminal Justice,Crime,Wisconsin,Ron Johnson

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Viral image

2021-03-22 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

“Last week, the Colorado Supreme Court declared that Boulder’s AR-15 ban was unconstitutional. Today, there was a mass shooting in Boulder.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-03-23 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/23/jeanine-pirro/fox-news-jeanine-pirro-wrongly-claims-us-border-op/

Fox News’ Jeanine Pirro wrongly claims US border is ‘open to anyone from anywhere’

Fox News host Jeanine Pirro accused President Joe Biden of having "surrendered our southern border," falsely claiming the new administration is allowing anyone to cross freely into the U.S.  "It is now open to anyone from anywhere in the world who wishes to enter our country, leaving one to wonder whether America is a sovereign nation anymore or a simple globalist landing spot," Pirro said in a March 20 TV segment, which circulated widely on Facebook. The clip was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The number of migrants at the U.S. border with Mexico has swelled in recent months. But the border is not open for anyone to cross, immigration experts said, despite Pirro’s claim, which suggested that there is no legitimate enforcement at the border. "That claim is patently absurd," said Nicole Hallett, an associate clinical professor of law and the director of the Immigrants’ Rights Clinic at the University of Chicago. "The border has never been ‘open to anyone from anywhere in the world who now wishes to enter our country.’" U.S. Customs and Border Protection data shows that most migrants they encounter arriving at the southern border are still being immediately expelled under a section of federal law former President Donald Trump invoked in March 2020 to curb the spread of COVID-19. In February, about 72% of the encounters CBP recorded at the border resulted in such expulsions.  "The border is not open, and the vast majority of people are being returned under Title 42," CBP said in a statement, referencing the name of that section of law. The Department of Homeland Security said Pirro’s claim was false. "There are few exceptions to this closure," including unaccompanied minors, added Erin Barbato, director of the Immigrant Justice Clinic at the University of Wisconsin Law School. "Jeanine Pirro’s claim that the border is open to anyone is absurd and reckless." Asked for evidence, a Fox News spokesperson pointed to Pirro’s own comments March 22 on the program "The Five," when she said she had spoken to sheriffs from locations near the border. "I’m telling you for a fact, the border is open," Pirro said. "I stood there with a sheriff who showed me where they stopped the wall." Pirro did not provide evidence for her original claim on that show either. She instead argued that due to Biden, "there is no border, there is no wall." However, Biden’s move to stop construction of Trump’s border wall did not include dismantling what was already built. The border is not open to anyone from anywhere A U.S. Customs and Border Protection vehicle is seen next to migrants after they were detained and taken into custody, Sunday, March 21, 2021, in Abram-Perezville, Texas. (AP/Cortez) The Biden administration is expelling most families and single adults encountered at the border using the same public health rule that Trump invoked during the pandemic, Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said in a March 16 statement.  Roughly 90% of single adult encounters that the Border Patrol recorded between ports of entry resulted in such expulsions, for example, according to CBP data. However, the administration is not expelling unaccompanied children, who were previously being expelled under the Trump administration until a federal judge halted the practice in November. An appeals court in January said that the government could resume the practice, but the Biden administration has not. Their arrivals have contributed to the current influx at the border. Unaccompanied minors are allowed to request asylum under U.S. law, Barbato noted. In cases where Mexico cannot receive migrant families sent immediately back from the U.S., border officials are sending those families into immigration proceedings, putting a strain on some regions of the U.S., Mayorkas said in his March 16 statement. But Mayorkas has repeatedly said — including during a March 17 congressional hearing and a March 21 interview with ABC News — that the border is not open. Before the pandemic, many migrants who arrived without a visa were swiftly deported in what are known as expedited removal proceedings, Hallett said. Only those who credibly claimed fear of persecution were cleared to stay in the U.S. while they pursued their asylum claims.  "Now, even fewer people are being allowed to enter the U.S. because Border Patrol is using a CDC regulation to expel almost everyone, even people who claim fear," Hallett said of the use of the public health-related authority. "Pirro’s statement has no basis in fact." The Biden administration has started gradually letting in asylum seekers who were waiting out their cases from Mexico under Trump’s Remain in Mexico program, but the Border Patrol has continued apprehending some migrants caught trying to enter the U.S. unlawfully between ports of entry. CBP recorded 26,791 apprehensions in February. Migrants apprehended at the border are screened for health and security issues, PolitiFact has reported. Mayorkas told Congress March 17 that known and suspected terrorists, for example, are denied entry based on intelligence and vetting procedures. "Individuals who pose a public safety threat will not remain in the United States," he added. There were also 1,537 cases in February in which migrants sought to enter the U.S. through legal ports of entry but were deemed inadmissible, according to CBP data. There are many reasons why people seeking legal entry may be declared inadmissible, Hallett said. They could, for example, have criminal histories or suspected ties to terrorism, certain infectious diseases, or a previous deportation on record. "These grounds of inadmissibility were in effect before the pandemic," Hallet said. "Now, it is even more difficult to gain admission to the U.S. because of the public health-related restrictions. The idea that the U.S. is letting in criminals and terrorists at the border is just false." Our ruling Pirro said the southern U.S. border "is now open to anyone from anywhere in the world who wishes to enter our country." That’s wrong. Large numbers of migrants are attempting to cross the border, but it is not open to anyone who wants to enter the U.S., regardless of their background. Most of the encounters that CBP recorded at the border in February resulted in quick expulsions under the same public health-related authority that was invoked under the Trump administration. We rate this statement False.

Immigration,Crime,Pundits,PunditFact,Jeanine Pirro

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Facebook posts

2021-03-22 00:00:00

a text post:

The shooting in Boulder, Colo., was a "false flag like most of the others."

Daniel Funke

2021-03-23 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/06/ted-cruz/ted-cruzs-misleading-statement-people-who-believe-/

Ted Cruz’s misleading statement on people who believe the election was ‘rigged’

As Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, challenged Arizona’s presidential election results on the Senate floor, he claimed that it’s not just Republicans who think the election was "rigged." A sizable percentage of independents and Democrats believed so, too, he claimed. "Recent polling shows that 39% of Americans believe the election that just occurred was ‘rigged.’ You may not agree with that assessment, but it is nonetheless a reality for nearly half the country," said Cruz. "I would note it is not just Republicans who believe that. 31% of independents agree with that statement. 17% of Democrats believe the election was rigged." President-elect Joe Biden defeated President Donald Trump in the Nov. 3 election. State election officials and courts have said that allegations from Trump and his allies about fraud in the election are meritless. Congress met in a joint session Jan. 6 to affirm Biden’s victory and count the Electoral College votes, but broke into separate discussions in the House and Senate chambers to consider objections to the tally from Arizona. Cruz’s statement on the Senate floor came before a pro-Trump mob stormed the Capitol, forcing a halt to the constitutional procedure. We checked Cruz’s claim about the percentages of people who believe the election was "rigged," and found it misleading. Cruz made a similar claim in a Jan. 2 statement, citing Reuters/Ipsos polling. Reuters/Ipsos poll results The Reuters/Ipsos poll was conducted between Nov. 13-17. The online survey included a sample of 1,346 American adults. The sample included 598 Democrats, 496 Republicans and 149 independents. (Some respondents did not identify as any of the three.) The survey asked respondents to indicate: "how much you agree or disagree" with the statement: "I am concerned that the election is rigged." Here are the results: All respondents: Strongly agree: 22% Somewhat agree: 17% Somewhat disagree: 17% Strongly disagree: 37% Not sure: 7% Independents: Strongly agree: 14% Somewhat agree: 17% Somewhat disagree: 21% Strongly disagree: 30% Not sure: 17%     Democrats: Strongly agree: 7% Somewhat agree: 10% Somewhat disagree: 18% Strongly disagree: 62% Not sure: 3% Cruz's office said he arrived at the figures in his claim by adding the percentages for "strongly agree" and "somewhat agree." But his overall claim is not the most accurate interpretation of the polling results, according to Ipsos. "Our perspective is that question isn’t a definitive statement that the election was in fact rigged. For that, we use a separate question in the same survey," Chris Jackson, an Ipsos pollster, told PolitiFact. The survey also asked: "What comes close to your view of the 2020 election?" The choices were "legitimate and accurate," "the result of illegal voting or election rigging," or "don’t know." "The result of illegal voting or election rigging" was chosen by 28% all respondents, 20% of independents, and 6% of Democrats. Those figures are much lower than what Cruz cited. For Cruz to back his point, the "more accurate number to cite" would be the lower percentages, Jackson said on Twitter. "And of that 28%, the large, large majority (79%) are Republicans. The plurality get their news from Fox (31%), other sources (18%) or don't follow news (24%), suggesting belief in rigging is a bit circular," Jackson tweeted. It’s also worth noting that the poll was done in mid-November, as legal challenges from Trump’s campaign were still ongoing. Other polls about the election phrased their questions differently, but generally, they show that most Americans trusted the results and thought the 2020 election was free and fair. Republicans were less likely to trust the outcome. One poll from the Monmouth University Polling Institute found that "confidence in the election’s fairness went up among both independents (from 56% to 69%) and Democrats (from 68% to 90%) pre-election to post-election." Our ruling Cruz said 39% of Americans, 31% of independents, and 17% of Democrats "believe the election was rigged." Cruz’s office said his claim is based on a specific poll and the total percentage of respondents who "somewhat" or "strongly" agreed with the statement: "I am concerned that the election is rigged." That doesn’t necessarily mean they thought it was rigged. Another question in the survey asked people more directly about their view of the election. The percentage of people who said the election was "the result of illegal voting or election rigging" was much lower than the numbers Cruz cited. Other polls show far greater confidence in the integrity of the election. Cruz’s statement contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False. UPDATE, Jan. 6, 7:30 p.m.: This fact-check was updated to incorporate the response from Cruz's office.

Corrections and Updates,Elections,Ted Cruz

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Jeanine Pirro

2021-03-20 00:00:00

a TV segment:

The southern U.S. border “is now open to anyone from anywhere in the world who wishes to enter our country.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-03-23 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/06/facebook-posts/no-court-did-not-rule-200000-wisconsin-ballots-wer/

No, court did not rule 200,000 Wisconsin ballots were illegitimate

President Donald Trump spent the months leading up to the election sowing doubt about the security of the voting process. Following his loss to Democrat Joe Biden, Trump has continued to flood Twitter with false claims about the election. Accordingly, many of his backers have amplified any lifeline they can find to show election fraud on a scale that would tip the election — even though election officials across the country have unanimously said no such fraud exists and lawsuits contending otherwise have failed at every turn. In that environment, social media posts misstating court rulings have found an eager audience. That included one Dec. 25, 2020 post that went viral again in early January. It said, "FB WILL NOT ALLOW TO SHARE THE ARTICLE... Breaking: Judge Rules Over 200,000 Biden Votes Are Illegitimate In Wisconsin THIS IS A HISTORIC MOMENT TO SAVE THE COUNTRY!" This article was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook). Aside from the initial sharing claim, the text is identical to another viral claim from a Dec. 22 Facebook post, and it matches wording from a Dec. 22 article from the Gateway Pundit. The conservative website regularly shares skewed and fabricated claims about the 2020 election. All the claims are flat wrong. Understanding "indefinitely confined" voters At issue is a section of Wisconsin statute that allows voters to declare themselves as "indefinitely confined." They can then cast an absentee ballot without providing a photo ID, as would be required for in-person voting or a traditional absentee ballot. The number of people claiming this status in Wisconsin rose from 57,000 in the 2016 presidential election to about 215,000 in the November 2020 election. That's about 7% of the Wisconsin vote in 2020. Trump and other Republicans have attacked this method of voting as improper, though it's worth noting more Wisconsin voters claimed that status in counties won by Trump than in those won by Biden, according to an analysis by the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. There's no way to know how those "indefinitely confined" people specifically voted, however. The indefinitely confined status sparked an array of legal challenges after clerks in the heavily Democratic Milwaukee and Dane counties contended in spring that all voters could claim that status due to a COVID-19 stay-at-home order in place at the time. The Wisconsin Election Commission and an initial order from the Wisconsin Supreme Court said that was wrong, and the clerks rescinded their advice. A final ruling from the state Supreme Court released Dec. 14 affirmed that initial order and said it's up to each voter whether they meet the requirements for being "indefinitely confined" — not clerks or anyone else. Later that same day, the Wisconsin Supreme Court ruled in favor of former Vice President Joe Biden and election officials in a lawsuit brought by Trump on the matter.  The majority decision said "ballots would not count" if voters falsely claimed they were indefinitely confined. But the court did not give license to throw out large numbers of ballots without making determinations about the status of each individual voter, as Trump had sought. That decision would have to be made on a case-by-case basis. Breaking down the claim With that context, let's take a closer look at the errant Facebook claim. For starters, it labels all the indefinitely confined votes as being "Biden votes." This is unknowable and unprovable since we don't know how individual people voted. But we already know these voters were concentrated slightly more in pro-Trump counties, and we know it's not reasonable to expect nearly every one of these voters to be from the same party. (The Gateway Pundit article where this claim originated repeats this in claiming indefinitely confined ballots were "unquestionably votes for Joe Biden," though it presents no arguments or evidence to support that.) More importantly, the claim's core claim is nonsense. It says a judge ruled all those votes were illegitimate, and that's simply not the case. The ruling specifically denied Trump's request to throw out all the votes. While the court said any ballots cast by people who falsely claimed that status wouldn't count, that's a determination that would have to be made on a case-by-case basis. The two people who posted claims in this vein on Facebook did not respond to requests for comment. The author of the Gateway Pundit article, Joe Hoff, defended his story in an email, reiterating without evidence that the court decision meant "most" votes from indefinitely confined voters weren't legitimate. Our ruling Several Facebook posts echoed an article’s claims that a judge had ruled over 200,000 Biden votes in Wisconsin were illegitimate. There is no evidence all the ballots in question here backed Biden, and the description of the court ruling is simply wrong.  The court expressly ruled against an attempt to throw out indefinitely confined votes en masse, saying votes were only invalid if the individual casting them falsely claimed that status. And that's a determination that has to be made on a case-by-case basis. We rate this claim False.

Elections,States,Wisconsin,Facebook posts

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2055]

Viral image

2021-03-20 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Gas costs $7.89 at a station in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-03-23 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/22/roy-blunt/roy-blunt-miscasts-how-hr-1-would-reshape-federal-/

Roy Blunt miscasts how H.R. 1 would reshape the Federal Election Commission

Republicans have expressed universal opposition to H.R. 1, a bill to overhaul election and campaign finance procedures that passed by the House with only Democratic support. The bill now awaits consideration by the Senate. One Republican senator, Roy Blunt of Missouri, cited a specific provision in the bill during an interview on the March 22 edition of NBC’s "Meet the Press."  Under the bill, Blunt said, "there's a partisan Federal Election Commission, where for the first time ever, instead of being an equal number of Republicans and Democrats, it's three of one side and two of the other." Is Blunt correct that the FEC — which enforces federal campaign-finance laws — would shift from a body divided evenly by party to one where one party has a 3-to-2 edge? No, although there are some wrinkles worth noting. The FEC today Under current law, the FEC has six commissioners — three aligned with Democrats and three aligned with Republicans. Given partisan polarization, this has meant continued gridlock, as well as long stretches where new commissioners aren’t confirmed, leaving the FEC short of a quorum for significant actions. "For far too long, the FEC has been plagued by dysfunction because a bloc of commissioners has taken a hands-off approach to enforcing the laws we have on the books — laws that are designed to prevent corruption and the appearance of corruption," said Danielle Caputo, legislative affairs counsel at Issue One, a campaign-finance advocacy group.  This history is what led the drafters of H.R. 1 to propose an alternate design for the commission.  Under the bill, the FEC would be "composed of five members appointed by the president by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, of whom no more than two may be affiliated with the same political party." (This means they would be Senate-confirmed.) The fifth, unaffiliated member could not, for a five-year period before their nomination, be registered with one of the two major parties; work or consult for one of the parties; or be a donor, officer, or attorney with one of the parties or its candidates or officials. Officially, the president would make nominations, but each commissioner, including the unaffiliated commissioner, would be brought to the president’s attention by a "Blue Ribbon Advisory Panel that includes individuals representing each major political party and individuals who are independent of a political party and that consists of an odd number of individuals selected by the President from retired Federal judges, former law enforcement officials, or individuals with experience in election law." The idea "is to put a professional civil servant in charge instead of — to put it bluntly — a political hack," said Eliza Newlin Carney, a veteran campaign-finance journalist in Washington. Because the language of H.R. 1 specifically requires that no party control more than two of the five seats, the scenario Blunt laid out — "three of one side and two of the other" — could not come to pass. Blunt’s characterization "is not accurate," Caputo said. "A restructured FEC would not just be one party versus the other. There would likely be two Democratic commissioners, two Republican commissioners, and one independent/unaffiliated commissioner, preventing any side from holding the majority or the agency from becoming partisan." How independent would the fifth member be? Katie Boyd, a spokeswoman for Blunt, said that having an unaffiliated commissioner is no guarantee of preventing a 3-to-2 edge. "The FEC currently has an ‘independent,’ Steven Walther, who was former Democratic Sen. Harry Reid’s attorney" and whom Axios recently described as being "widely considered a Democrat-aligned vote," Boyd said. Boyd also pointed to a letter signed by nine former FEC commissioners that casts doubt on the degree of "deadlock" and its impact on campaign-finance enforcement. "The complaints about ‘deadlocks’ come from the regulatory activists who haven’t gotten their way," the letter says. "They now seek to change the bipartisan nature of the commission, to smooth the path for agency adoption of the more expansive regulations they have unsuccessfully sought for years. Congress has consistently declined to adopt those expansive objectives." The nine former commissioners said a switch would be "ruinous." "In rule-making, the FEC’s bipartisan structure is a beneficial feature, not a defect. It demands that commissioners work to reach consensus and compromise on measures to achieve bipartisan support. If Congress wanted to destroy confidence in the fairness of American elections, it is hard to imagine a better first step than to eviscerate the FEC’s bipartisan structure." Others, however, say that it wouldn’t be hard to find an open-minded, genuinely non-partisan fifth member. "According to Gallup, more than 40% of Americans are independents," said Caputo. "The Blue Ribbon Panel created by this legislation would help the president find nominees who are both fully committed to upholding our nation’s campaign finance laws and truly unaffiliated with either Democrats or Republicans." Our ruling Blunt said that under  H.R. 1, the FEC "for the first time ever, instead of being an equal number of Republicans and Democrats (would be) three of one side and two of the other." H.R. 1 would reduce the number of FEC commissioners from six to five. But the bill says that "no more than two" of the five members "may be affiliated with the same political party." The fifth member would be unaffiliated with either of the two major parties. So Blunt’s claim of a 3-2 split cannot come to fruition.  However, it’s worth pointing out that assuring that the fifth member will truly be independent requires some trust. If a fifth member did make it through the vetting process but later showed partisan leanings, the newly five-member commission could for the first time in its history enforce policy without bipartisan support. We rate the statement Mostly False.

Campaign Finance,Missouri,Roy Blunt

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Viral image

2021-03-19 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Jamaica has not recorded any case of the coronavirus.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-03-22 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/22/instagram-posts/instagram-post-suggests-covid-19-vaccines-contain-/

The COVID-19 vaccines do not contain aluminum

As millions of Americans continue to wait for their turn to be vaccinated against the coronavirus, misinformation about the vaccines’ safety continues to circulate online.   A year-old video shared on Instagram makes false claims about the vaccines’ ingredients. The caption of the post describes the featured video as a "Sunday school church lesson," claiming aluminum is "in the vaccine" and "will kill" the brain. Many users interpreted that to mean harmful amounts of aluminum are in the COVID-19 vaccines. That isn’t true. The three-minute video involves Lawrence Palevsky, a pediatrician from Northport, N.Y., speaking about the dangers of vaccinations during a public health hearing held by the Connecticut General Assembly on Feb. 19, 2020. Palevsky, who is involved in the anti-vaccination movement, claims that aluminum nanoparticles in vaccines are able to enter the brain and cause neurodevelopmental problems, asthma, autism and Alzheimer’s disease. He also says the safety of aluminum nanoparticles in vaccines and its effects on the human body has not been evaluated or studied. This is inaccurate. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports small amounts of aluminum, specifically aluminum salts, have been used in vaccines since the 1930s. The aluminum acts as an adjuvant, which helps elicit a stronger immune response from the body. The CDC says vaccines containing adjuvants like aluminum are "tested for safety and effectiveness in clinical trials before they are licensed for use in the United States, and they are continuously monitored by CDC and FDA once they are approved." Aluminum is commonly found in nature, with trace amounts present in air, food and water, according to the agency. Adults on average ingest 7 to 9 milligrams of aluminum per day, and the amount found in a vaccine is equivalent to that found in a liter of baby formula, according to Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Research has also shown the levels of aluminum found in vaccines are so low that they can't easily be absorbed by the body, let alone the brain. There has been no evidence of vaccines being the cause of illness of developmental disorders. Palevsky’s comments came in February 2020, long before we had COVID-19 vaccines. But it’s worth noting that none of the three COVID-19 vaccines currently being used in the United States contain any amount of aluminum. All three manufacturers, Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson, have shared the ingredients list to their vaccines and none have an aluminum adjuvant. The Sputnik V and AstraZeneca vaccines, which are currently being used in Europe, also do not contain aluminum. Our ruling A year-old video being reshared on Instagram claims that aluminum nanoparticles in vaccines cause a variety of illnesses and developmental disorders. The caption implies the COVID-19 vaccines also contain aluminum and contribute to health issues. Although several vaccines do contain a miniscule amount of aluminum, research has found it’s not enough to be absorbed by the body. Humans already ingest amounts of aluminum just by living their everyday lives as it can be found in food, water and the air. There is no evidence that any vaccine can cause people to experience illnesses or developmental disorders. None of the COVID-19 vaccines currently in use throughout the United States and Europe contain aluminum.   The claim is False. ​

Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Instagram posts

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Instagram posts

2021-03-14 00:00:00

a video caption:

Aluminum “is in the vaccine” and will hurt the brain.

Andy Nguyen

2021-03-22 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/22/facebook-posts/no-evidence-joe-biden-ordered-national-guard-parki/

Post misleads on Biden, National Guard and hotel rooms for migrants

Shortly after National Guard members were summoned to Washington to secure President Joe Biden’s inauguration, viral images emerged showing some troops sleeping in parking garages near the U.S. Capitol.  As the photos circulated on social media, they sparked wide outrage from lawmakers and the general public. Since the Jan. 21 incident, social media users have spread unsubstantiated rumors alleging that specific politicians were responsible for pushing the National Guard troops out of the Capitol.  A March 21 Facebook post takes that false claim and adds a new twist: "Joe Biden and Kamala Harris forced our troops to sleep on the floor of a garage, yet has authorized $89 million for hotel rooms for illegal immigrants, who broke the law to get into this country," it says.  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The troops were stationed in the Capitol amid fears that new violence would occur after the attack on the building on Jan. 6, 2021. However, there is no evidence that Biden, Vice President Harris or members of the Biden administration ordered the National Guard down to the garages.  The exact reasons for the National Guard’s relocation are murky. Separate organizations have reported conflicting statements about who requested the move.  But National Guard spokesperson Wayne Hall told PolitiFact that the order to relocate did not come from the new president or vice president. Asked Monday about the incident, Hall said the Guard now believes it came as a request from a Capitol Police officer, who was not acting at the behest of anybody in authority. Politico and other outlets, including the Associated Press and the Washington Post, also reported Jan. 21 that the National Guard said the instruction to relocate came from a Capitol Police officer. But in a statement released the morning of Jan. 22, Acting Capitol Police Chief Yogananda Pittman denied responsibility for the order, saying that with the exception of specific times on Inauguration Day, Capitol Police "did not instruct the National Guard to vacate the Capitol Building facilities." "The Department is also working with the Guard to reduce the need for sleeping accommodations by establishing shorter shifts," Pittman said, "and will ensure they have access to the comfortable accommodations they absolutely deserve when the need arises." According to the New York Times, Biden called Gen. Daniel R. Hokanson, the chief of the National Guard Bureau, on Jan. 21 to express his dismay about the incident and ask what he could do to help.  The second part of the claim, that the White House has authorized $89 million for hotel rooms for people who enter the country illegally is missing context.  Axios has reported that the Biden administration awarded an $86 million contract to use hotel rooms to provide shelter and processing services to around 1,200 migrant family members, citing unnamed officials from the Department of Homeland Security. The president of Endeavors, the Texas nonprofit that got the contract, confirmed the news to Fox.  However, the use of hotels near the border to house migrants is not a new development. Previous administrations, including the Trump administration, have used hotel rooms to house children and families who enter the country illegally.  Our ruling A Facebook post says, "Joe Biden and Kamala Harris forced our troops to sleep on the floor of a garage, yet has authorized $89 million for hotel rooms for illegal immigrants, who broke the law to get into this country." There is no evidence that Biden and Harris ordered the National Guard to relocate from the Capitol to parking garages. The Guard told PolitiFact that the request to move the troops is believed to have come from a Capitol Police officer.  Axios and Fox have reported that the Biden administration awarded a contract to use hotel rooms to provide shelter and processing services for migrant families. The contract was for a little less, $86 million, and the Biden administration is not the first administration to use hotels near the border to house children and families who enter the country illegally.  This claim contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.  Mostly False.

Military,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Tucker Carlson

2021-04-13 00:00:00

a TV segment:

“Maybe (the COVID-19 vaccine) doesn't work, and they're simply not telling you that.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-04-15 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/15/tucker-carlson/tucker-carlson-falsely-claims-covid-19-vaccines-mi/

Tucker Carlson falsely claims COVID-19 vaccines might not work

In a comment that Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease expert, rejected as a "crazy conspiracy theory," Fox News host Tucker Carlson suggested to his millions of viewers that the COVID-19 vaccines might not work. Clinical trials and real-world studies have shown the available vaccines are effective at protecting against COVID-19 infections and severe symptoms, despite Carlson’s claim. The Fox News host opened his April 13 segment by talking about the recent recommendation by federal regulatory agencies to pause use of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine, one of three vaccines approved for emergency use in the U.S. The agencies are investigating six reports of a rare but severe type of blood clot among the more than 6.8 million people who got the shot. Carlson then turned to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s latest public health guidance advising fully vaccinated Americans to continue taking precautions in public spaces. "If the vaccine is effective, there is no reason for people who've received a vaccine to wear masks or avoid physical contact," he said. "So maybe it doesn't work, and they're simply not telling you that. Well, you'd hate to think that, especially if you've gotten two shots. But what's the other potential explanation? We can't think of one." Carlson’s primetime show is among the most-watched cable news programs, and a video of his April 13 segment received nearly one million views on Facebook.  The video was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  Asked about Carlson’s comments, Fauci told CNN that they were "certainly not helpful to the public health of this nation." "That’s just a typical crazy conspiracy theory," Fauci said. "Why would we not tell people if it doesn't work? Look at the data. The data are overwhelming in the three vaccines that have been approved for use in an emergency use authorization, the J&J, the Pfizer, and the Moderna. You had 30,000, 44,000, and 40,000 people in the clinical trials, with an overwhelming signal of efficacy. So I don’t have any idea what he’s talking about." COVID-19 vaccines are effective The proof that the vaccines work includes a lengthy regulatory process and vaccine trials that happened around the world.  The Food and Drug Administration has authorized for emergency use two-dose vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, as well as a one single-dose vaccine from Johnson & Johnson. The three were approved after clinical trials involving tens of thousands of participants. As of April 15, nearly 126 million Americans had received at least one dose of a vaccine, and over 78 million have been fully vaccinated, according to the CDC. The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines have accounted for the vast majority of those inoculations. Clinical trials showed the Pfizer vaccine to be 95% effective at preventing COVID-19 infections, compared with 94% for Moderna and 66% for Johnson & Johnson, according to the CDC. The Johnson & Johnson vaccine was also found to be 85% protective against severe disease. The clinical trials "clearly show the efficacy of each vaccine," said Richard Watanabe, professor of preventive medicine at the University of Southern California. Some fully vaccinated people can still get infected, since no vaccine is 100% effective. But the clinical studies show the vaccine can keep them from getting seriously ill, the CDC says. "It is incontrovertible that the vaccines work," said Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. "Just look at hospitalization rates." Further studies have since supported the trial findings. A CDC study published March 29 found that under "real-world conditions," the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines were 90% effective against infections two weeks after the second dose and 80% effective 14 days after the first dose. A separate study conducted in Israel and published Feb. 24 in the New England Journal of Medicine found that two doses of the Pfizer vaccine provided nearly 90% protection. "Israel is a good example of what high population-level vaccination rates can achieve," said Brooke Nichols, assistant professor of global health at Boston University. "Once they achieved high vaccination coverage, cases began to plummet." Explaining the guidance to continue wearing masks, social distancing Carlson’s claim that "maybe (the COVID-19 vaccine) doesn’t work" hinged on the CDC’s latest guidance recommending that fully vaccinated Americans continue taking precautions in public. Carlson said there are no good reasons for that. We found several, though. The guidance reflects the fact that scientists are still learning about the vaccines: how long protection lasts; how much vaccines protect against emerging variants of the virus; and to what extent the vaccines prevent asymptomatic infections and transmission of the virus. The CDC says preliminary evidence indicates that the vaccines "may provide some protection" against certain variants, and that "a growing body of evidence" suggests fully vaccinated people are less likely to be asymptomatic carriers of the virus and potentially less likely to pass it along to others.  But the science on those questions is not settled, Watanabe said, and fears that newer variants could be more transmissible make additional safeguards important for now. In public spaces, there is no way to tell who is among the roughly 25% of the U.S. population that has been fully vaccinated. Some "very vulnerable people" remain at risk, Nichols said.  "Public health guidance on masks is not going to change until enough people are vaccinated because it is operationally very difficult to be able to tell who was vaccinated and who is not if you are, for example, working in a store," Adalja said. Carlson past comments about the COVID-19 vaccines Responding to Fauci’s criticism on his show April 14, Carlson claimed he had "never for a minute doubted" that the COVID-19 vaccines work, despite expressing that very doubt the night before, and saying there was no other plausible explanation for the CDC’s guidance "Who is doubting that vaccines work? For the record, we never for a minute doubted it. We bought all of that stuff completely at face value. We believe in science," Carlson said, adding that he trusted the pharmaceutical companies behind the vaccines. "The only reason we are asking the question is because the people in charge are acting like it doesn't work." A Fox News spokesperson cited those comments and other examples of Carlson claiming to support vaccines, including when he said he’s "not against it on principle" during his April 13 segment and when he said March 30, "I think of myself as pretty pro-vaccine myself."  But Carlson has also questioned the vaccines and U.S. vaccination efforts before, just as he cast doubt previously on the effectiveness of masks and the threat of the coronavirus.  On Feb. 9, Carlson said the government’s handling of the vaccines "did not inspire confidence" and that U.S. authorities were "lying" about their safety and effectiveness. On other occasions, he has suggested that the government is using the vaccines as a form of "social control" and that the shots would be made mandatory, which is not the case. Many questions about the vaccines that Carlson has claimed authorities have "discouraged" Americans from asking have been answered by public health agencies and also by news outlets, including PolitiFact. Our ruling Carlson said, "Maybe (the COVID-19 vaccine) doesn't work, and they're simply not telling you that." That claim is countered by clinical trials and real-world studies that show the available vaccines effectively protect against COVID-19 infections and severe symptoms.  Carlson based his claim largely on the fact that the CDC still recommends that fully vaccinated people wear masks and keep their distance in public spaces. Carlson said he couldn’t think of a reason why the CDC would do that, but we found some pretty simple explanations. Experts said those precautions are advisable because most of the U.S. population remains unprotected and because scientists are still studying to what extent the vaccines stop transmission, among other things. We rate Carlson’s statement Pants on Fire!

Public Health,Pundits,PunditFact,Coronavirus,Tucker Carlson

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Jeff Jackson

2021-04-08 00:00:00

a tweet:

On whether he supports the filibuster.

Paul Specht

2021-04-15 00:00:00

no-flip

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/15/jeff-jackson/no-jeff-jackson-hasnt-flip-flopped-filibuster/

No, Jeff Jackson hasn't flip-flopped on the filibuster

A Democratic candidate for U.S. Senate has already changed positions on a key issue, according to a wing of the Republican establishment. Jeff Jackson, a state senator from Charlotte, is one of several Democrats running for the seat that Republican U.S. Sen. Richard Burr will vacate in 2022.  The National Republican Senatorial Committee said in an April 12 press release that one of Jackson’s recent tweets reveals he has changed his view on the filibuster. The filibuster, a loosely-defined term, generally refers to a rule allowing a minority of senators — even just one — to hold up legislation, effectively requiring 60 votes for a motion to end debate. It’s a hot topic because Democrats control the White House and Congress, but their majority is so narrow that a filibuster can effectively block any major legislation they promised on the campaign trail. The group credited Jackson’s alleged change of mind to pressure he received from one of his Democrat challengers, former state Sen. Erica Smith. "Erica Smith gets Jeff Jackson to flip-flop on the filibuster in under a month," the NRSC declared. Consistency is a trait many voters look for in a candidate. So PolitiFact takes the term "flip-flop" seriously. In fact, we have our own Flip-O-Meter to help measure how much someone’s position has changed. Most recently, we ruled that Republican Amanda Chase did a Half Flip when she added a caveat to her pledge not to run as an independent in this year’s Virginia governor’s race if she did not win her party’s nomination. In North Carolina, we ruled in October that U.S. Sen. Thom Tillis did a Full Flop when he decided to support a U.S. Supreme Court justice nominee in an election year. PolitiFact has also put multiple claims about the filibuster through the Flip-O-Meter. So, how much has Jackson changed his position on the filibuster?  We asked the NRSC for evidence showing that Jackson once supported the filibuster but now opposes it. Committee spokesman T.W. Arrighi pointed to two instances. Support?  On Jan. 26, Jackson appeared on Spectrum News’ "Capitol Tonight" show. About six minutes into the segment, anchor Tim Boyum asked Jackson if the filibuster "should survive." Jackson said: "I think the survival of the filibuster is completely dependent on whether or not [Senate Minority Leader] Mitch McConnell chooses to act in a responsible way. If he chooses to treat that in any manner remotely resembling what he did with it the last time he had the opportunity and just bring everything to a halt, it’s gone. I think it's hanging by a thread right now, and I think that's the best case you can make for it." In other words, Jackson said his support for the filibuster was dependent on McConnell’s actions. Opposition? On April 8, Jackson posted three consecutive tweets in response to a Washington Post story about the decision by Democratic Sen. Joe Machin of West Virginia to support the filibuster. Jackson tweeted: "This is an incredibly reckless position from Sen. Manchin, given that Sen. McConnell believes he has no political incentive to work with Dems on major legislation. I guess you can send him a bunch of emails if you want ... or you can just elect me and we’re good here. "For his position to make sense, Sen. Manchin has to believe there’s a reasonable chance of pulling significant GOP support for major bills. There is absolutely 0 evidence for this. It’s going to be the obstruction playbook again. Now with his help. "Sen. Manchin isn’t moving us toward compromise. He’s moving us toward gridlock, and voters are fed up with that. We have to be able to deliver on things that matter to people. We can’t just give up here at the start." Where does Erica Smith come in? The NRSC’s release suggests that Jackson spoke out about the filibuster because Politico in March compared his "filibuster skeptical" position to Smith’s belief that it should be abolished. Politico reported that Jackson "did not outright endorse getting rid of the 60-vote threshold but said it should not be a roadblock to passing legislation on voting rights." What Jackson says Between January and April, Jackson went from pinning his support of the filibuster on McConnell’s actions to saying that Manchin's support of the filibuster is giving in to Republicans' "obstruction playbook." Jackson told us there’s been "no change" in his position on the filibuster itself. He says his position remains "filibuster skeptical." As for his tweets, Jackson says he’s frustrated by Manchin’s position. He says Manchin is either wrongfully giving the Republican leader the benefit of the doubt, or he’s "saying in advance that he won't stand up to McConnell if he abuses the filibuster." In an interview with PolitiFact, Jackson reiterated his doubts about McConnell while also tying his support for the filibuster to the Kentucky senator’s actions. "An early test will be voting rights legislation. If Sen. McConnell decides to filibuster it, that would be an example of something that should not be allowed to occur," Jackson said in a text exchange. "I am practically certain that he's going to abuse the filibuster to gridlock the Senate. If he does, the filibuster should be reformed." Our ruling The NRSC says "Erica Smith gets Jeff Jackson to flip-flop on the filibuster." Jackson initially tied his support for the filibuster to McConnell’s actions, saying he wants to see whether the Republican leader will use it to try to block key legislation. And at the time, Jackson noted McConnell’s history of blocking legislation. To date, it’s not clear that Jackson has deviated from that wait-and-see, middle-of-the-road position.  The NRSC sees Jackson’s tweets about Manchin as evidence he wants the filibuster gone. Jackson says that’s not the case. He says he’s frustrated that Manchin has dug in his heels to preserve the filibuster so quickly. At worst, Jackson has grown more fearful that McConnell will use the filibuster. It’s fair for the NRSC to point out that Jackson has become more outspoken, but there’s not enough evidence to definitely say he’s changed his position. We rate this claim No Flip.

North Carolina,Jeff Jackson

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Shelley Moore Capito

2021-03-04 00:00:00

a press conference:

President Joe Biden’s American Relief Plan “has a lot of money in it for schools, but if you really look at it … it says that the school money is going to go out until the year 2028.”

Lara Bonatesta

2021-04-15 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/15/shelley-moore-capito/capito-correct-school-funding-bidens-relief-bill-e/

Capito correct that school funding in Biden’s relief bill extends through 2028

As President Joe Biden’s American Rescue Plan was on its way to congressional passage, Sen. Shelley Moore Capito, R-W.Va., criticized the bill for being paradoxical. She said it was framed as immediate relief for the coronavirus pandemic and its associated economic impacts, yet it allocated money years into the future, when the pandemic will presumably be over. During a March 4 press conference, Capito said, "We know that the bill that’s in front of us … has a lot of money in it for schools, but if you really look at it … it says that the school money is going to go out until the year 2028. This is supposed to be an emergency bill. It is an emergency to get our schools reopened and our students back to school. We need to get the schools open, and we still have money in the pipeline to do that." Is some of the "school money" in the $1.9 trillion bill scheduled to go out as late as 2028? The short answer is yes. Capito’s office pointed us to data from the Congressional Budget Office, Congress’ nonpartisan arbiter of budget figures. As the measure was being considered, CBO released a cost estimate for the section of the bill that falls under the jurisdiction of the House Education and Labor Committee.  The CBO estimate counts almost $129 billion of funding in the bill as falling under the Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief Fund. This accounts for the vast bulk of K-12 education spending in the measure. (Higher education funding is also included in the bill, but Capito’s remarks dealt with K-12 schools.) Here’s a year-by-year breakdown of when that roughly $129 billion will be spent:   As the chart shows, some money will be spent on K-12 education every year between 2021 and 2028. It’s worth noting that relatively little money will be spent as far out as 2028: Less than 1% of the total spending is scheduled to occur in 2028 itself, and collectively, the years 2026 through 2028 will account for only 10% of the spending. The bulk of the money, about 60%, is to be spent in the middle three years — 2023, 2024, and 2025. About 30% would be spent in 2021 and 2022. (The 2021 fiscal year, which roughly overlaps with the 2020-2021 school year, is already underway. That helps explain the small amount allotted for 2021.) In other words, only about one-third of the money would be spent relatively quickly, supporting Capito’s point. Relatively little money would be spent as late as 2028, but she is correct that some will be. Our ruling Capito said that the American Relief Plan "has a lot of money in it for schools, but if you really look at it … it says that the school money is going to go out until the year 2028. This is supposed to be an emergency bill." She is correct that spending on K-12 education will continue through 2028, though 90% will be spent between now and 2025. Her statement is accurate but needs additional information, so we rate it Mostly True.

West Virginia,Education,Federal Budget,Shelley Moore Capito

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Pete Buttigieg

2021-04-06 00:00:00

an

“There is racism physically built into some of our highways.”

Louis Jacobson

2021-04-15 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/15/pete-buttigieg/pete-buttigieg-right-racism-shaped-some-urban-high/

Pete Buttigieg is right: Racism shaped some urban highways

Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg recently kicked off a social media frenzy when he said that racism has sometimes been a part of highway planning and construction. The remarks came in an interview conducted by the Grio, a news outlet focusing on news of special interest to a Black audience. "There is racism physically built into some of our highways, and that’s why the jobs plan has specifically committed to reconnect some of the communities that were divided by these dollars," Buttigieg said during the interview, which was published on April 6. He was referring to President Joe Biden’s proposal known as the American Jobs Plan, which would provide funding for various types of infrastructure, including roads, highways and bridges. Three days after the interview, Young America’s Foundation, a conservative group, tweeted Buttigieg’s statement with the mocking caption, "This is not parody." This is not parody. pic.twitter.com/bzbplAnfqO— YAF (@yaf) April 10, 2021 Replies flooded in, accusing the group’s tweet of being ignorant of history. "Anyone who has ever studied road-building history of *any* major American city knows what Pete B. was talking about," tweeted James Fallows, a writer with The Atlantic.  We reached out to experts on highways and urban history and found wide support for Buttigieg’s assertion, although other factors often played a role as well. Buttigieg’s office also provided links to articles on the subject. Even in cases where it’s hard to document whether racist thinking explicitly drove highway construction, the existence of divided and weakened neighborhoods in so many cities has been "racist in effect," said Earl Swift, author of "The Big Roads: The Untold Story of the Engineers, Visionaries, and Trailblazers Who Created the American Superhighways." Highway planning in U.S. urban areas While some examples of racism in U.S. highway planning have been cited from the 1930s and 1940s, the highest-profile allegations have involved the Interstate Highway System, which was established in the mid-1950s and was in its heaviest design and building phase through the mid-1970s.  Most of the system consists of inter-city routes, which generally run through lightly populated areas and have attracted little controversy. However, the routes through cities — which often required the clearing of densely populated neighborhoods — were controversial at the time, and have only become more so in recent years. One fundamental reality of road-building, experts say, is to keep costs down, and the price tag for land acquisition can sometimes exceed the cost of construction. Sometimes the quest for cheaper real estate led through public parks or dilapidated waterfronts. These produced some unpopular examples of vista-scarring blight — some of which were later torn down or scaled back, such as the Embarcadero Freeway in San Francisco. But in other cases, highway planners eyed routes through populated areas — and "inevitably, this sent interstates barreling through the poorest parts of town," Swift said. "In the years during which the system was being laid out, that usually meant African American neighborhoods." Often, the motivations for road-building came from political and business leaders in urban centers, who sought to stop the loss of population and businesses from downtown by luring back car-driving suburbanites, said Mark H. Rose, a historian at Florida Atlantic University. "In hindsight, we correctly understand that a tacit racism was a part of many of the planners’ decisions," said Tom Lewis, the author of "Divided Highways" and a professor of English at Skidmore College. "It was rarely, if ever, overt. Planners had little guidance other than to create a safe highway at the least possible cost." But he added: "The effects on the underrepresented, especially Blacks and Latinos, were devastating." Often, extra-wide rights of way were approved so that "decaying" homes and apartments in a project’s path could be demolished. "It seemed a win-win to planners, but it didn't feel that way to the people who found themselves in the juggernaut's path," Swift said. Black neighborhoods scarred by highways There are numerous examples of Interstate highways tearing through existing neighborhoods populated largely by people of color. In Miami, I-95 ran through the predominantly Black neighborhood of Overtown. In Alabama, portions of I-65 or I-85 were routed through Black communities in Montgomery and Birmingham. In Los Angeles, freeway planners targeted Boyle Heights, a neighborhood with many Mexican Americans.  In North Carolina, a freeway decimated the "Black Wall Street of the South" in Durham’s Hayti neighborhood. The North Claiborne Avenue area of New Orleans was the home of the Black Mardi Gras, but in the early 1960s, highway planners all but destroyed the neighborhood for an elevated section of I-10. Other examples can be found in Baltimore, Detroit and Richmond, Va., among other cities. Sometimes Interstates were built in ways that kept racial groups apart. "In Atlanta, the intent to segregate was crystal clear," Princeton University historian Kevin M. Kruse has written. "Interstate 20, the east-west corridor that connects with I-75 and I-85 in Atlanta’s center, was deliberately plotted along a winding route in the late 1950s to serve, in the words of Mayor Bill Hartsfield, as ‘the boundary between the white and Negro communities on the west side of town." St. Paul, Minn. (Jeremy Noble, Creative Commons) In St. Paul, Minn., I-94 was built through the Rondo neighborhood, which had been settled initially by Jewish residents and then by African Americans moving out of the tenements of downtown St. Paul, said Rebecca Wingo, a historian at the University of Cincinnati who has written about the history of Rondo along with community resident Marvin Anderson. Initially, developers proposed two routes, one along an abandoned railroad and the other along Rondo Avenue, the neighborhood’s main artery. The state chose the path through the Black neighborhood. "Some residents took the lowball offer on their home and moved away; others fought through the legal system; still others sat on their front porches with shotguns and waited for police," Wingo and Anderson wrote. All told, the highway construction displaced over 750 families and 125 businesses. "But it’s not like Rondo residents were able to go and buy a new home for the price of their payment — their homes were undervalued, and racist housing covenants prevented residents from buying in certain areas," Wingo told PolitiFact. The legacy of Robert Moses   Robert Moses salutes following a ribbon-cutting ceremony in Brooklyn, N.Y., to open the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge on Nov. 21, 1964. (Creative Commons) One of the most notorious examples of racism in highway planning predates the Interstate system: the Southern State Parkway on New York’s Long Island, which was built by the powerful planner Robert Moses. In Robert Caro’s critical biography of Moses, "The Power Broker," Caro reveals that Moses ordered his engineers to build the bridges low over the parkway to keep buses from New York City away from Jones Beach, making it less accessible for many poor minorities without cars. Thomas J. Campanella, a professor of architecture, art, and planning at Cornell University, investigated the anecdote and found aesthetic concerns may have played a role — but that unusually low bridges on the parkway give credence to the allegation of racism. "It’s fair to say that the Southern State Parkway has racism in its DNA," Campanella told PolitiFact. Controversial highways in white neighborhoods Buttigieg referred to the racist legacy in "some of our highways." But some racially mixed or predominantly white neighborhoods also found themselves in the path of urban Interstate projects. Steven Malanga, a fellow at the conservative Manhattan Institute, has noted several examples, such as I-70 in Indianapolis, which was routed through the multiracial Southside neighborhood, and Boston’s Central Artery Project, which sliced through the largely Italian American North End (and which was, after many years, rerouted underground).  "I have no doubt given those times and the breadth of projects that, in some cases, planners targeted low-income Black neighborhoods because they were easier targets," Malanga told PolitiFact. "That was reprehensible, but it doesn't necessarily mean that the system was built on widely racist terms." Moses’ projects also affected mixed or predominantly white neighborhoods. "His Gowanus Expressway destroyed New York City’s largest Scandinavian community, in Sunset Park," Campanella said. "The Brooklyn-Queens Expressway blew out the Italian and Puerto-Rican neighborhoods of South Brooklyn and much of working-class Jewish Williamsburg. The Cross-Bronx Expressway destroyed a vibrant Jewish community in the Bronx."  Moses "was an equal opportunity offender," Campanella said. Fighting back Moses’ Lower Manhattan Expressway, planned in the 1950s, would have cut a swath through SoHo and Little Italy, said David Goldfield, a historian at the University of North Carolina-Charlotte. But the project was scuttled when residents — who were mostly white and predominantly from nearby Greenwich Village — organized to stop it. Elsewhere, too, residents were able to stop projects from tearing through neighborhoods. A planned highway in Washington, D.C., drew fierce opposition from Black and white residents alike, since it would have run through a combination of wealthier and lower-income neighborhoods. And in Baltimore, an alliance between the city's poor and working class of all races stopped I-70 from entering the city proper. "The most successful efforts to stop the highways were not those that focused on racial justice or those that were put in place to protect Black communities," Deborah Archer, president of the American Civil Liberties Union and a professor at New York University School of Law, told NPR. "The people who were most successful were the ones that focused on environmental justice and protecting parks and their communities in that way, not because we were concerned about the massive destruction and disproportionate impact that the highway construction had on Black communities." Our ruling Buttigieg said, "There is racism physically built into some of our highways." In city after city, highways of the Interstate era and before have prompted the demolition or fragmentation of Black neighborhoods — due, historians say, to a combination of racism, lower acquisition costs for real estate, and weaker political muscle to oppose the projects. Mixed neighborhoods and those inhabited by lower-income white Americans were also divided, or at least targeted, by highway planners. We rate the statement True. Amy Sherman contributed to this article.

Race and Ethnicity,Transportation,Pete Buttigieg

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George Papadopoulos

2021-04-12 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Joe Biden is “withholding $150 million in aid from Ukraine” to “pressure Ukraine to drop all criminal investigations into him and his son, Hunter.”

Tom Kertscher

2021-04-15 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/15/george-papadopoulos/no-evidence-joe-biden-withholding-aid-ukraine-help/

No evidence that Joe Biden is withholding aid to Ukraine to help his son Hunter

A Donald Trump ally who pleaded guilty to lying to the FBI in the investigation of whether Russia interfered in the 2016 presidential election has accused President Joe Biden of withholding aid from Ukraine as a way of helping himself and his son Hunter Biden. The claim was made by George Papadopoulos, an adviser in Trump’s 2016 campaign who served 12 days in prison for lying about his attempts to allegedly connect other campaign staff with officials representing Russia. He was pardoned by Trump near the end of Trump’s term as president. In an April 12 tweet, widely shared on Facebook, Papadopoulos stated: "Biden is now withholding $150 million in aid from Ukraine as tensions with Russia grow. I mentioned this a couple weeks ago. He wants to pressure Ukraine to drop all criminal investigations into him and his son, Hunter. Where’s the media on this extortion attempt?" The Facebook post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) There is no evidence Ukraine is conducting criminal investigations of the president or his son. Federal law puts restriction on aid Congress approved and President Trump signed a bill appropriating $275 million for what is known as the Ukraine  Security Assistance Initiative. The secretary of defense can use the money to provide assistance, such as training and intelligence support, as well as weapons to Ukraine. In March, the Defense Department announced it was releasing $125 million of the aid in training, equipment and advisory efforts as part of the U.S. commitment to provide "defensive lethal weapons to enable Ukraine to more effectively defend itself against Russian aggression." The remaining $150 million will be provided when the Defense Department "certifies that Ukraine has made sufficient progress on key defense reforms this year, as required by the National Defense Authorization Act," the announcement said.  "The Department encourages Ukraine to continue to enact reforms that strengthen civilian control of the military, promote increased transparency and accountability in defense industry and procurement, and modernize its defense sector in other key areas in line with NATO principles and standards." Previous legislation also required that some assistance be withheld to Ukraine pending completion of certain reforms, said Steven Pifer, a foreign policy fellow at the Brookings Institution and a retired foreign service officer. Lincoln Mitchell, a research scholar in war and peace studies at Columbia University said that "in general, it is not all that unusual to withhold money for specific reasons that are required by U.S. law or policy. That is what Biden is doing." No evidence Ukraine is investigating Bidens Last July, we rated False a claim that Joe Biden was formally listed as a criminal suspect in a Ukraine case involving his son.  A judge in Ukraine ordered that a criminal case file be opened regarding Biden’s efforts as vice president to get Ukraine’s top prosecutor removed from office. But the bar is low in Ukraine for opening a criminal case file; in this case, it was requested by a member of parliament. And the opening of the file does not mean that a criminal investigation was launched with probable cause, or that Biden is a suspect. In November, Ukrainian authorities said they closed a criminal probe of Joe Biden over allegations that he improperly forced the ouster of the country’s prosecutor general in 2016. Hunter Biden held a paid directorship with a Ukrainian natural gas company called Burisma Holdings, beginning in 2014. It drew attention because Burisma was owned by Mykola Zlochevsky, a minister under Russia-friendly President Viktor Yanukovych. Pifer and Mitchell said they have seen no evidence that Ukraine is conducting a criminal investigation of the Bidens. We tried to reach out to Papadopoulous through his book publisher and his LinkedIn account, but did not get a reply. The claim has echoes of some of the same issues raised in Trump’s first impeachment in November 2019. The House impeached Trump, and the Senate later acquitted him, on charges that he abused his power and obstructed Congress. A whistleblower’s complaint had sounded alarms about Trump’s efforts to get Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to announce investigations into Joe Biden before the 2020 election. The articles of impeachment charged that Trump held up security assistance and a White House meeting to put pressure on Ukraine, then obstructed Congress to cover it up. Our ruling Trump ally George Papadopoulos claimed Joe Biden is "withholding $150 million in aid from Ukraine" to "pressure Ukraine to drop all criminal investigations into him and his son, Hunter." There is no evidence of any such investigations. The Biden administration released $125 million in military aid to Ukraine but, following federal law, is withholding $150 million until Ukraine enacts military reforms. We rate the claim False.

Federal Budget,Foreign Policy,Facebook Fact-checks,George Papadopoulos

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Viral image

2021-04-05 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Marjorie Taylor Greene just scrubbed her Twitter feed of all things Gaetz.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-12-02 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/04/elise-stefanik/gop-lawmaker-misleads-about-hr-1-and-removal-ineli/

GOP lawmaker misleads about HR 1 and removal of ineligible voters

A common attack on H.R. 1, the Democrats’ voting rights bill, is that the legislation would open the door to voter fraud and allow ineligible people to cast ballots. In a tweet, Rep. Elise Stefanik, R-N.Y., made a series of attacks on the legislation, including that it would "prevent removal of ineligible voters from registration rolls." H.R.1 WOULD: ✖️Use taxpayer $ to fund campaigns✖️Ban voter ID✖️Prevent removal of ineligible voters from registration rolls✖️Allow felons and minors to vote✖️Allow 15 days of early voting✖️Accept absentee ballots 10 days after Election Day✖️Legalize ballot harvesting— Rep. Elise Stefanik (@RepStefanik) March 3, 2021 During the 2020 presidential election, some social media posts or allies of then-President Donald Trump spread misleading or false information about ineligible voters — dead people and pets among them — being on voter rolls. Election officials are required by law to maintain accurate voter registration lists. H.R. 1 includes steps elections officials must take before removing voters, but it’s wrong to say that the legislation would prevent removal of ineligible voters. The House approved the legislation March 3 and it now heads to the Senate. HR 1 prevents corrupt interference in voter registration Known as the For the People Act, H.R. 1 combines proposals for voter registration, absentee voting, in-person voting, campaign finance and ethics related to federal elections.  A spokesperson for Stefanik pointed to a section of the bill, Section 1071, that deals with prohibiting or interfering with voter registration. It states that it is unlawful for any person "to corruptly hinder, interfere with, or prevent another person from registering to vote." Violations could lead to a fine as well as up to five years in prison. Stefanik spokesperson Karoline Leavitt told PolitiFact that the legislation "would criminalize the refusal to accept a voter registration application, even if the application does not meet the requirements," and that would lead to local officials not removing ineligible voters out of fear of prison time. But that distorts what the bill says. Experts who have analyzed H.R. 1 emphasized that the section highlighted by Stefanik targets corrupt efforts to prevent someone from registering to vote. The provision doesn’t ban election officials from their responsibility to remove ineligible voters. That section "does not have anything to do with list maintenance and voter removal from the registration lists," said Matthew Weil, an expert on elections at the Bipartisan Policy Center. Ineligible voters can still be removed in HR 1 Federal laws currently require states to remove dead people from voter rolls, prohibit states from removing registrants within 90 days of an election, and require states to set basic requirements for maintaining voter rolls. Many states get help from a national consortium, the Electronic Registration Information Center, that shares information with states about voters who moved, or died or have duplicate registrations. But some ineligible voters have remained on the rolls, and in other cases election officials have wrongly purged otherwise valid voters. Mass removals of voters can result in removing largely African American or Hispanic voters. Sarah Brannon, an expert on H.R. 1 at the American Civil Liberties Union, said Section 2502 of the bill specifically allows election officials to remove ineligible voters.   "The reform in H.R. 1 would be to require evidence that the individual is in fact not eligible before the removal," Brannon said. "But this in no way would prevent the removal of ineligible voters from voter rolls."   H.R. 1 attempts to improve the process of removing ineligible voters by requiring states to use what it calls "objective and reliable evidence" to remove voters.  The legislation states that voters can’t be removed just because they didn’t vote in a past election. Within 48 hours of removal, the state must send a notice to the former registrant, unless the person died, telling them why they were removed and how they can contest the removal. H.R. 1 encourages states to use ERIC, an interstate data crosscheck system, which allows states to share data about voters who moved out of state, as well as other data, said Danielle Lang, a voting rights expert at the Campaign Legal Center. The legislation says that when states are removing voters, they should have the relevant information to confirm the person’s ineligibility including the person’s name, date of birth and last four digits of their Social Security number.  "Absent those standards, prior cross checks have been riddled with errors," Lang said. Whether the legislation would result in a change in the number of voters removed from the rolls is anybody’s guess. Bradley Smith, a law professor at Capital University Law School, said H.R. 1 changes the evidence required to determine that a registration is likely no longer eligible, and therefore will make it harder to remove names. But, Smith said, "nothing in H.R. 1 prevents removal of ineligible voters per se." The organization Smith heads up, The Institute for Free Speech, has  criticized H.R. 1. David Becker, executive director of the Center for Election Innovation & Research, said election officials could still remove people for common, legitimate reasons. "I see nothing in H.R. 1 that would significantly restrict the ability of a state to accurately remove a voter from the voter lists if they had moved out-of-state or died," Becker said. Our ruling Stefanik said H.R. 1 will "prevent removal of ineligible voters from registration rolls." No section of the bill prevents an election official from removing an ineligible person on the voting rolls. One section of H.R. 1 details rules that states must follow for removing ineligible voters, including that it must notify the registrants.  We rate this statement False. RELATED: Trump misleads about HR 1 and voter registration for welfare recipients RELATED: Yes, the ACLU has criticized HR 1. Here’s why RELATED: Group makes bogus attack on HR 1 over congressional salaries RELATED: Fact-checking misleading attacks on HR 1, Democrats’ voting rights bill

Congress,Elections,Elise Stefanik

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GOP Daily Brief

2020-11-23 00:00:00

a story:

“Supreme Court Shakes Up 2020 Election, Assigns Conservatives To Swing State Circuit Courts.”

Noah Y. Kim

2021-03-04 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/04/doug-lamalfa/would-congress-new-voting-rights-act-allow-violent/

Would Congress’ New Voting-Rights Act H.R. 1 Allow ‘Violent Felons’ To Cast A Ballot?

Would the Democratic-led voting rights legislation H.R. 1 allow murderers and rapists to vote?  That’s the dramatic message Republican California Congressman Doug LaMalfa of Northern California wrote in a recent email to a constituent.  The constituent asked PolitiFact to fact-check the congressman’s claims.  The U.S. House of Representatives passed the sweeping legislation on a party-line vote Wednesday, but the bill faces an uphill battle in the evenly divided Senate, where it will require 60 votes to pass. It includes provisions to require states to enact automatic and same-day voter registration and make it easier to obtain a mail ballot. It also has provisions to increase transparency in campaign financing. Republican lawmakers oppose the bill and have stepped up attacks against it in recent days in interviews and on social media as it moved closer to a vote. Last month, PolitiFact fact-checked several misleading claims about H.R. 1, including statements similar to LaMalfa’s.  The congressman was one of seven California GOP House members who voted to object to certifying last November’s electoral votes from Arizona and Pennsylvania. Supporters of former President Donald Trump alleged election fraud and irregularities in the two swing states, despite a lack of evidence and legal challenges that went nowhere. Here’s the specific statement from LaMalfa on H.R. 1 that caught our attention:   "H.R. 1 would also mandate significant changes in election processes that would overrule election practices that have been tailored to thousands of localities across the country. For example, it would force states to restore the voting rights of convicted felons—including violent felons convicted of murder or rape." We focused on that last part for this fact check. Our Research  Language in H.R. 1 doesn’t expressly mention murderers or rapists. But LaMalfa’s statement is at least partially correct as the bill states that citizens convicted of a crime shall still be allowed to vote "unless such individual is serving a felony sentence in a correctional institution or facility at the time of the election."  The congressman omitted that last part about needing to be out of prison.  His statement also ignores the fact that many states already restore voting rights to people convicted of felonies at the end of their sentence. In 18 states including California, felons lose their voting rights only while incarcerated and receive automatic restoration upon release, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. In 19 more, felons lose their voting rights while incarcerated but regain them after completing parole or probation. In Maine and Vermont, people who are incarcerated never lose the right to vote.  A spokesperson for LaMalfa did not respond to requests for comment. We asked voting rights experts to assess the congressman’s claim. "I think it’s accurate, but also incomplete and out of context," said Justin Levitt, a professor at Loyola Law School in Los Angeles, where he teaches constitutional law with a focus on election administration.  Myrna Pérez is director of voting rights and elections at the nonpartisan Brennan Center for Justice, which supports H.R. 1. Pérez called LaMalfa’s claim "misleading," given that many states already allow convicted felons to vote after their sentence.  "The criminal justice system has decided that these people are safe enough to be living and working among us," Perez said, adding that people convicted of crimes are expected to work, pay their bills and take care of their children upon release. "Why is not one of the expectations voting and contributing to your society?" Our Ruling California Republican Congressman Doug LaMalfa claimed H.R. 1 "would force states to restore the voting rights of convicted felons—including violent felons convicted of murder or rape." His statement is partly correct but omits some significant points.  The proposed legislation would restore voting rights for all people convicted of a crime but only once they’ve completed their sentence and been released from incarceration.  LaMalfa also ignores the fact that the vast majority of states including California already restore voting rights for people convicted of a crime, either automatically upon their release or after a period of time.  Given these key omissions, we rated LaMalfa’s claim Half True.  HALF TRUE – The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context.

Criminal Justice,Elections,Crime,Voter ID Laws,California,Doug LaMalfa

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Elise Stefanik

2021-03-03 00:00:00

a tweet:

H.R. 1 would “prevent removal of ineligible voters from registration rolls.”

Amy Sherman

2021-03-04 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/02/gop-daily-brief/reassignment-supreme-court-justices-wont-affect-el/

Reassignment of Supreme Court justices won’t affect election results

On Nov. 20, the Supreme Court assigned new U.S. Court of Appeals circuits to its justices. Under the new arrangement, the four justices perceived to be the most conservative will oversee circuits where the Trump campaign has filed lawsuits to contest the results of the election.  For example, Brett Kavanaugh now oversees the circuit that includes Michigan, Amy Coney Barrett oversees Wisconsin, Samuel Alito oversees Pennsylvania and Clarence Thomas oversees Georgia. Conservative media outlets and social media users seized on the news, suggesting that the new assignments could help President Donald Trump overturn the results of the 2020 election election.  "Supreme Court Shakes Up 2020 Election, Assigns Conservatives To Swing State Circuit Courts," reads the headline of an article published in the GOP Daily Brief.  However, experts we spoke with told us that these posts and articles misunderstand how the federal court system works.  "The claim that this realignment was done in order to influence the election — or the notion that it will have that impact — doesn’t really reflect reality," said Justin Levitt, a law professor at Loyola Law School.  What power do justices have over their assigned appellate court circuits? The U.S. Court of Appeals is organized into 13 circuits — 12 regional ones plus the federal circuit. Each of the circuit courts is assigned to a Supreme Court justice based on his or her familiarity with the region, often from having lived or worked there in the past. One of the primary roles of the overseeing justice is filtering out cases eligible to be heard before the Supreme Court.  But their powers over the appellate courts are limited. In their capacity as circuit justices, individual justices are empowered by statute to take only discrete, temporary actions on lower-court decisions.  For example, the justices can extend the deadline to file a document or, in rare cases, issue an emergency stay on a lower-court decision until the rest of the Supreme Court has the opportunity to weigh in. An election challenge that could overturn the outcome of a vote would not be handled unilaterally. "A circuit justice would be extremely unlikely to grant relief on his or her own in an election-related case," said Michael Morley, assistant professor at Florida State University College of Law. "If the circuit justice thought there was a potentially substantial claim, he or she would refer the request to the full Supreme Court.  And even if a circuit justice did act unilaterally, the full court could overrule that ruling." There is no evidence to suggest that the Supreme Court issued new circuit court assignments to "shake up" the 2020 election.  Circuit courts are reassigned whenever a new justice is appointed, and the latest reassignments came less than a month after Barrett, the newest justice, was sworn in. The Supreme Court typically assigns justices to locations they are familiar with. The recent reassignment follows this logic, said Tara Leigh Grove, a legal scholar at the Alabama University School of Law. For example, Barrett is overseeing the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals, where she was a judge before joining the Supreme Court.  In addition, neither Alito nor Thomas moved circuits under the arrangement. Alito was overseeing Pennsylvania, and Thomas was overseeing Georgia before Barrett’s confirmation.  "Anybody who thinks that there was any political motivation to the reassignments is completely wrong," Grove said.  What implications do the reassignments have for the election? Former Vice President Joe Biden won the election, carrying enough states to secure 306 electoral votes. But the Trump campaign has challenged the outcome in several battleground states that helped put Biden over the top. The reassignment of conservative Supreme Court justices won’t have an impact on the outcome of election challenges, because the bulk of post-election litigation takes place in state courts, said Rebecca Green, a law professor and co-director of the Election Law Program at William & Mary Law School.  During post-election litigation, federal courts weigh in only on questions that concern claims about federal statutes or the U.S. Constitution.  For example, Bush v. Gore — the controversial Supreme Court decision in a Florida recount dispute that decided the 2000 presidential election — involved the Constitution’s equal protection clause and a federal law called the Electoral Count Act. Without a federal question, the higher courts lack jurisdiction.   The Trump campaign has pursued several federal claims in court. But in all of these cases so far, the number of ballots under challenge isn’t enough to change the election outcome, Green explained.   "This is not a Bush v. Gore election, where the margin was 537 votes," she said.  Finally, Green said, both federal and state courts have set a "clear pattern" for post-election lawsuits this cycle: "Claims that lack grounded legal arguments and supporting evidence do not proceed …  irrespective of the perceived political leanings of the judges who have heard these claims." In other words, the ideology of the judges is unlikely to affect the outcome of a lawsuit if it lacks merit and evidence. On Nov. 27, three Republican-appointed federal appeals court judges threw out a Trump campaign lawsuit in Pennsylvania for lack of evidence.  Our ruling An article claims that the Supreme Court is shaking up the 2020 election by assigning conservatives to swing-state circuit courts. The Supreme Court did reassign some justices, but it’s misleading to claim that this will affect the election outcome.  Circuit courts are routinely reassigned when a new justice joins the Supreme Court, and an assignment is often based on a justice’s familiarity with a certain circuit or region, not political ideology. Law professors told us that individual justices would have limited power to unilaterally overturn the election outcome in any state in their assigned circuit. And there are too few ballots being challenged in federal court to affect the outcome of the election. We rate this claim Mostly False. ​

National,Supreme Court,GOP Daily Brief

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Doug LaMalfa

2021-03-02 00:00:00

a constituent email.:

Voting-rights legislation proposed by Democrats in Congress called H.R. 1 “would force states to restore the voting rights of convicted felons—including violent felons convicted of murder or rape.”

Chris Nichols

2020-12-01 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/01/facebook-posts/no-biden-didnt-plagiarize-donald-trump/

No, Biden didn’t plagiarize Donald Trump

Clips of President-elect Joe Biden’s speech during the Democratic National Convention in August are again recirculating on Facebook, only this time they’re accompanied by allegations of plagiarism.   "Joe Biden’s speech stolen from Trump!" reads the title of the video published by radio host Mark Kaye. "I mean, it’s not the first time he’s plagiarized a speech…" Biden has come under scrutiny in the past for plagiarism — the act of stealing or passing off someone else’s words or ideas as your own — but we didn’t find anything to support he lifted lines from Trump for his DNC speech.  More broadly, the men have taken different positions on how to respond to the coronavirus pandemic. Trump has said coronavirus precautions shouldn’t hold back the U.S. economy and that states should take the lead on testing, mask requirements and more. He’s also advocated for the rapid development of vaccines.  Biden, meanwhile, has advocated for nationwide mask-wearing and physical distancing. He wants to dramatically increase access to rapid testing and he supports additional assistance for hospitals and public health workers.    The video on Facebook cuts between Kaye’s commentary and several clips from Biden, including the following statements from his Aug. 20 speech before the DNC:  "If you entrust me with the presidency, I will draw on the best of us, not the worst. I’ll be an ally of the light, not the darkness. It’s time for us, for we the people, to come together." "If I’m your president on day one we’ll implement the national strategy I’ve been laying out since March." "We’ll develop and deploy rapid tests with results available immediately."  "We’ll make the medical supplies and protective equipment that our country needs and we’ll make them here in America so we will never again be at the mercy of China or other foreign countries in order to protect our own people."  "We’ll make sure our schools have the resources they need to be open, safe and effective." Kaye didn’t provide any evidence in the video that Biden poached those lines from President Donald Trump. Rather, he criticized the former vice president for promising policies Kaye argued Trump had already enacted. Around the 3:15 mark, Kaye said: "Every single thing he’s mentioned to this point, every single thing he’s mentioned — rapid testing, getting it out there quickly, American-made ventilators and supplies getting to the places where they’re needed, getting the schools open in a safe environment where kids can learn — every single thing he pointed out is something that the current occupant of the Oval Office has already done. It’s like he literally just watched a Donald Trump press conference, took notes and said, ‘Oh that’s good. I’ma tell people that’s my plan."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  We searched Factba.se, which archives speeches and public comments made by Trump, for instances when he either said the same things Biden did in the Facebook video, or said something very close.  While Trump has discussed the pandemic, he didn’t make any of the statements that Biden made.  Looking for "ally of the light," for example, we only found an Aug. 27 speech delivered after Biden’s DNC address in which Trump remarked that Biden "may claim he is an ally of the light."  The word "darkness" appeared in 38 addresses, but none in the same context that Biden used them — except for when Trump was referring to Biden’s speech.  Biden said: "We’ll develop and deploy rapid tests with results available immediately."  Trump has talked about rapid tests publicly 15 times, according to the Factba.se database. On Aug. 11, he said that his administration had "delivered over 1,800 rapid point-of-care testing devices to nursing homes" and that officials were in the process of delivering such devices to all Medicare and Medicaid-certified nursing homes. On July 28, he said "we made major investments in new rapid point-of-care tests."  Biden said: "We’ll make the medical supplies and protective equipment that our country needs and we’ll make them here in America so we will never again be at the mercy of China or other foreign countries in order to protect our own people."  Trump has talked about medical supplies and protective equipment but, according to Factba.se, he hasn’t talked about them in connection with China.  And Trump has also spoken publicly about opening schools safely, but he didn’t say, as Biden did, that "we’ll make sure our schools have the resources they need to be open, safe and effective." Our ruling Invoking plagiarism, the post claims, "Joe Biden’s speech stolen from Trump!" We found no similar passages from Biden’s speech originating in a Trump speech. And, the two candidates have significant policy differences as well.  We rate the claim that Biden plagiarized Trump False. Correction (Dec. 2, 2020): A post on Facebook that claimed Joe Biden plagiarized President Donald Trump was published Nov. 28, 2020. An earlier version of this story included an incorrect date. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.  

Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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National Association for Gun Rights

2021-03-01 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

"Marco Rubio's 'red flag' gun confiscation bill" calls for guns to be confiscated "without due process, based on unsubstantiated accusations."

Tom Kertscher

2020-12-01 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/01/mike-duggan/detroit-has-among-lowest-rates-infection-michigan-/

Detroit has among the lowest rates of infection in Michigan, but not the lowest.

In a Nov. 29 interview on Face the Nation, Detroit Mayor Mike Duggan was pressed on the resurgence of the coronavirus across Michigan. "Most new cases of the virus are in and around the city of Detroit," host Margaret Brennan said. Duggan challenged that premise, responding that Detroit is an outlier compared with the metro area and the rest of the state in the latest phase of the pandemic. "Detroit actually has the lowest infection rate in the state of Michigan," Duggan said. "We’re half of that of the surrounding suburbs." Data on infection rates do show that after getting hit hard early, Detroit appears to have done a better job more recently of slowing the spread of the coronavirus than surrounding communities. But Duggan was incorrect in stating that Detroit’s infection rate is the lowest statewide. And while it was running at less than half the rate of the suburban areas in the beginning of November, that’s no longer the case. Nonetheless, he said Detroit can be an example for other parts of Michigan dealing with rising caseloads. "Conventional wisdom at the start of the pandemic was that the most densely populated cities would have the highest infection rates," Duggan told PolitiFact Michigan. "The people of Detroit have proven that widespread testing and masking up is what really matters in fighting the virus." Denise Fair, Chief Public Health Officer for the city, pointed to a number of factors that have contributed to the city’s low rate of new infections in a recent interview with Bridge Michigan. Among them, Fair mentioned the free drive-thru testing site set up by the city originally located at the State Fairgrounds and free transportation it offered to the site, Personal Protective Equipment shared with small businesses and community outreach and public service announcements regarding the risks associated with the coronavirus and how to prevent its spread. The impact on Detroit While the coronavirus pandemic has affected both urban and rural areas, the onset of the pandemic hit cities and their health systems particularly hard, and Detroit quickly became a hotspot for the coronavirus. At the height of its coronavirus outbreak in the spring, Detroit consistently reported more than 300 cases and dozens of deaths a day. Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer responded with strict stay-at-home orders that closed schools and shuttered most businesses. The state also ramped up COVID-19 testing in hard-hit areas. Detroit’s testing program, along with businesses’ and residents’ compliance with mask orders, helped slow the rate of infection by mid-summer. But cases are now rising again, not only in Detroit, but across the state. Measuring infection rates Health experts look at the seven-day positivity rate as one key measure of how fast infection is spreading in a community. The seven-day positivity rate is a percentage derived by taking the number of COVID-19 tests that come back positive over the previous seven days and dividing it by the number of tests administered. When Duggan made his remarks, Detroit’s seven-day positivity rate was 8.2%, according to the city’s Health Department. That’s above the 5% threshold that the World Health Organizations considered a reasonable level for relaxing certain social restrictions. But Detroit was still doing better than surrounding areas. According to the University of Michigan’s MI Safe Start Map, the seven-day positivity rate was 14.9% in Wayne County excluding Detroit, 13.4% in neighboring Oakland County and 17.5% in Macomb County, as of Nov. 25. Data from early November show larger disparities in the tri-county area, with positivity rates in Detroit dropping below 5%, less than half the rates outside the city. Indeed, the MI Safe Start Map shows that Detroit’s seven-day positivity rate as of Nov. 25 was among the lowest in the state. (The figures include probable cases and exclude cases from correctional facilities.) But it wasn’t the lowest, as Duggan stated. Some counties in Michigan’s sparsely populated Upper Peninsula posted lower positivity rates during that period, including Alger (4.4%), Houghton (7.7%), Iron (6.7%), Luce (3.6%), Mackinac (4.1%) and Schoolcraft (5%). The population of these six counties — roughly 81,000 — is a small fraction of Detroit’s population of 670,000. Rural Emmet (6.1%), Gratiot (5.6%), Leelanau (7.8%) and Mason (7.9%) counties in the Lower Peninsula also recorded seven-day positivity rates on Nov. 25 that were also lower than Detroit’s. Even Washtenaw County, just west of Wayne County, had a lower rate: 6.4% as of Nov. 25. But Duggan said that the surge in infections in communities surrounding Detroit poses a public health threat to the entire metro area. "We are one region. When Detroit got hit hard in March and April, Detroit patients were sent to outlying suburban hospitals," he told PolitiFact Michigan. "Today, patients from the suburbs are being sent to Detroit hospitals, where we still have capacity. We need everybody in this region to make a real commitment to masking up and social distancing or all of Southeast Michigan will face a real hospital capacity crisis in the coming weeks." Our ruling On Nov. 29, Duggan said that Detroit has "the lowest infection rate in the state of Michigan" and that the city’s infection rate was half that of its surrounding suburbs. According to the seven-day positivity rate available when Duggan made his remarks, Detroit had among the lowest infection rates in the state and a better rate than surrounding areas but its rate was not the lowest in the state or half that of its surrounding communities. We rate this claim Half True. Nisa Khan and Kristi Tanner contributed to this report. 

Michigan,Mike Duggan

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Facebook posts

2020-11-28 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Joe Biden plagiarized Donald Trump in his Democratic National Convention speech.

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-12-01 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/01/tammy-baldwin/yes-americans-pay-more-remdesivir-no-trump-adminis/

Yes, Americans pay more for remdesivir. No, Trump administration isn’t to blame for that

(Editors note: This fact-check was updated on Dec. 7, 2020, to include more detail on the government’s ability to take patents. The new information does not change our rating.) U.S. Sen. Tammy Baldwin called for change in the prices of a coronavirus drug, placing blame on the current administration for letting the prices rise so high.  Baldwin (D-Wisconsin) in a Nov. 19, 2020, tweet said Americans are paying the highest price in the world for a drug meant to combat the coronavirus pandemic, thanks to the Trump administration.  The drug, remdesivir, was the first medication released after the coronavirus pandemic began. It was developed by Gilead Sciences and largely funded with money from U.S. taxpayers, according to a July 23, 2020, article from PolitiFact.  The antiviral is designed to keep the virus from making copies of itself and spreading. A clinical trial in April found that patients who were given the drug recovered more quickly than those who were given placebo pills, but the study was not clear if the drug improved survival, according to an Oct. 15, 2020, report from the New York Times.  Attached to Baldwin’s tweet is a Nov. 16 letter to Alex Azar, the secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, requesting information on price negotiations with the company making the drug. The letter is signed by Baldwin, Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Massachusetts), Tina Smith (D-Minnesota), Bernie Sanders (D-Vermont), Chris Van Hollen (D-Maryland) and Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio).   The senators in the letter request that the federal government take over the production and distribution of the drug with compulsory licensing authority, which could be used to acquire lower-cost versions of the drug.  But is Baldwin right? Is the drug really more expensive in the U.S. than other countries? And are those prices the fault of President Donald Trump’s administration? Let’s break down the tweet.  Remdesivir costs are higher for Americans with private insurance Americans do pay more for remdesivir than people elsewhere. In a June 29, 2020 open letter from Daniel O’Day, the chairman and CEO of Gilead Sciences, said each dose of the antiviral medicine will cost $520 for those on private insurance in the U.S. For the entire treatment, consisting of six doses of the medicine, the cost is $3,120.  For those on government-sponsored insurance, such as Medicare and Medicaid, remdesivir will cost $390 per vial, or $2,340 per treatment, the letter said. That price will also apply to those in other countries with national health care systems.  Countries such as Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany have national health care systems.  So is the drug more expensive in the U.S.?  Yes, for people on private insurance in the U.S., the drug will cost more than what people in countries with national health care systems pay.  That’s similar to price trends with other drugs, though, said Cody Wenthur, an associate professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy.  "U.S. drug prices have been calculated to be about four times higher on average than prices in other nations," he said.  Federal government has limited its ability to control drug prices And what about the claim that the Trump administration is at fault for the price of the drug? It’s not that simple. The president does have a small bit of influence, said Edmund Elder, the director of the Zeeh Pharmaceutical Experiment Station within the UW-Madison School of Pharmacy. The secretary of the U.S. Department Health and Human Services is a cabinet member, chosen by the president, and that department does oversee the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. And CMS negotiates drug prices for those receiving government-subsidized healthcare, setting a price that can dictate prices for the rest of the market as well, Elder said.  But the government is still not directly involved, because Congress doesn’t have the authority to tell companies — or the middle-man companies, called Pharmacy Benefits Managers — what to charge.  "They can’t say you can’t charge more for a drug," he said.  Wenthur said the federal government actually plays little direct role in the setting of prices for the general public because it implemented rules to limit its own ability to influence drug prices. Also, the federal government is only one actor in the realm that sets the prices of prescription drugs. Other actors include health insurance companies, large employers, or other payers, all of which are typically represented by a Pharmacy Benefits Manager.  But unlike other stakeholders in the process, the government can modify the rules of the system that determines prices, Wenthur said. "Whenever shortcomings in drug pricing or health care delivery are suggested to be the fault of any given administration, it generally implies that they haven’t been active enough in using their authority to optimize the system itself," he said.  When asked about the claim that Trump could lower prices, Baldwin’s office pointed to the letter, which notes the government could take over the production and distribution of the drug with compulsory licensing authority. That could be used to acquire lower-cost versions of the drug.  "The U.S. government frequently used this authority in the 1960s to acquire lower-cost versions of the on-patent drugs, and has used it to acquire patented military equipment," the letter says. "Some advocates have argued that using this authority could ‘provide adequate supply (of remdesivir) while pushing prices down.’" That power has not been used since the 1960s and 1970s, according to a 2017 study in the Yale Journal of Law & Technology, though there has been a renewed push to once again rely on compulsory licensing authority due to rising drug costs.    But, in a Nov. 25, 2020 opinion piece in The Hill, Sean O’Connor, a professor of law and the executive director at the Center for the Protection of Intellectual Property at George Mason University, said that by using compulsory licensing, the government would essentially be stealing the patent for remdesivir from Gilead. And while the company would be able to sue the government for full compensation if that were to happen, he said, the government is not authorized to infringe on patents any more than everyday individuals.  "Ultimately, drug prices are driven more by other factors in the health care system than by patent rights that incentivize lifesaving innovations," he said.  Pilar Ossorio, a professor of law and bioethics at UW-Madison said that while the U.S. government has the ability to "take" a patent and begin licensing a drug for production to drive down prices, it’s unlikely it will happen.  "I think as a policy matter (the government) sees the right of intellectual property as so powerful and useful in the development of inventions," she said, that the government would be highly reluctant to take such a step because it would discourage other companies from pursuing their own advances.  And, she said, because of the emphasis the U.S. has put on the importance of intellectual property rights, there is a chance the U.S. Supreme Court could invalidate portions of the code that allows the government to take patents.  Our ruling  Baldwin says Americans are paying more for remdesivir than people in other countries, and the Trump Administration is to blame. The price element is correct. On average, Americans insured by private health insurance companies could be on the hook for an additional $780 over what people in countries with national health systems may pay.  But the blame element misses the mark. While Trump may have a slight influence over drug prices with his appointee to run the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, there is really no way for the administration to step in and tell Gilead to charge less for remdesivir without a change in federal laws or invoking a rarely used maneuver to effectively seize the patent from the company. We rate this claim as Half True.

National,Medicaid,Medicare,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Tammy Baldwin

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Mike Duggan

2020-11-29 00:00:00

an

“Detroit actually has the lowest infection rate in the state of Michigan. We’re half of that of the surrounding suburbs.”

Clara Hendrickson

2020-12-01 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/01/kelly-loeffler/warnock-defended-jeremiah-wrights-damning-mistreat/

Raphael Warnock defended Jeremiah Wright’s damning of the mistreatment of Black people

Sen. Kelly Loeffler, R-Ga., has repeatedly used a video clip of a minister saying "God damn America" to attack her Democratic opponent, Raphael Warnock, who is himself a pastor. The clip, which caused controversy for Barack Obama in the 2008 presidential campaign, is from a sermon by Obama’s former pastor, the Rev. Jeremiah Wright of Chicago.  Loeffler used it in an ad claiming that Warnock defended Wright’s "hatred" and gave Wright "an award for truth telling." The ad leaves out important context. Warnock defended the Black church’s tradition of truth telling, including Wright’s sermon condemning America’s historical mistreatment of Black people. Warnock said people often confuse Black preachers’ moral outrage with hatred. A divinity school, not Warnock, honored Wright’s career in ministry at a 2008 event. Loeffler’s attack Loeffler attacked Warnock in an ad that uses a black-and-white clip of Wright preaching, "not God bless America, God damn America," but with the word damn bleeped.  Wright was Obama’s longtime pastor at Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago. During the 2008 campaign, ABC News aired a report that included excerpts of Wright’s sermons against racism and war.  In the most controversial video, from a 2003 sermon, Wright said that the government "wants us to sing ‘God Bless America.’ No, no, no, not ‘God Bless America.’ God damn America — that's in the Bible — for killing innocent people. God damn America, for treating our citizens as less than human. ... The United States government has failed the vast majority of her citizens of African descent." At the time of the report, Obama distanced himself from Wright and then resigned from Wright’s church.  In Loeffler’s current ad, separate pictures of Wright and Warnock appear on the screen. A narrator says: "Warnock defended Jeremiah Wright's hatred, then gave him an award for truth telling."  Next comes a split screen, with Wright shown preaching on the right. On the left, Warnock says in a TV interview: "We celebrate Reverend Wright." His quote is cut off and the narrator says: "Warnock celebrated anti-American hatred," before a clip of Wright’s "God (bleep) America" is replayed. Loeffler has used the Wright clip in two other ads attacking Warnock and in an interview for a conservative podcast. The clip is also used in an ad by Sen. Tom Cotton, R-Ark., and an ad by the Georgia Republican Party that attacks Warnock.  Warnock is the senior pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, where the late Martin Luther King Jr. served. He faces Loeffler in one of two Jan. 5 runoff elections in Georgia that will determine which party controls the Senate. "Defended the hatred" Loeffler’s campaign did not reply to our requests for information to back up Loeffler’s claim. But her ad cites sources, as does a website created by Loeffler campaign’s, RadicalRaphael.com. The ad cites an interview Warnock did in 2008 with Greta Van Susteren, a Fox News talk show host. Asked if he embraced Wright’s comments, Warnock replied:  "We celebrate Reverend Wright in the same way that we celebrate the truth telling tradition of the Black church — which, when preachers tell the truth, very often it makes people uncomfortable. And I think that the country has been done a disservice by this constant playing over and over again of the same sound bite outside of context."  Warnock noted that King was working on a sermon entitled, "Why America May Go to Hell" shortly before he was assassinated.  The website created by Loeffler’s campaign says that in 2013 Warnock defended Wright’s sermon as a "very fine homily" on God and government and had said the sermon was consistent with Black prophetic preaching.  Warnock did say those things in what was a 45-minute academic speech entitled, "Piety or Protest: Black Theology and the Divided Mind of the Black Church." But he explained that what Wright’s homily did was rail against injustice against Black people in America. Warnock said in the speech: "The Black church, so central to Black life yet barely understood by mainstream America, was thrust to the center of the national dialogue. To be sure, part of the disconnect in the national dialogue was cultural, as those unexposed to the worship and preaching of the Black church sought to interpret the bombastic character of Black prophetic preaching as it is buoyed and heightened in the whooping moments by the emotive spirituality and exuberant response of those in the pews — you should show up to my church on a Sunday morning. "In this way, there was a disconnect between Black and white Americans, as the latter were televisually translated to a Black church on any given Sunday morning, where preachers are expected — indeed encouraged — to speak the truth, tell Pharaoh and tell it like it is with clarity, creativity and passion. In that sense, Jeremiah Wright — whose sermon, by the way, you should read in its entirety;  it’s a very fine homily entitled, ‘On Confusing God and Government.’... "The burning question within mainstream America was, What kind of church was this? What was the meaning of this kind of hate-filled preaching?..." Warnock said it was futile amid the 2008 presidential campaign to try and answer those questions. He continued by saying: "Yet, truthfully, if the Jeremiah Wright debacle revealed how little most white Americans understood about the Black church, it also underscored how little Black people, even Black church people, understood about Black theology…. "Black theology is, in a real sense, a product of the Black church. And the Black church has been, at its best, the conscience of the American churches. The emergence of each represents a key moment in a long justice-making tradition, as Black people finding themselves trapped as chattel in a Christian slaveocracy and subjugated as second-class citizens in a caste system of Jim Crowe segregation justified by the theology and the practices of white churches Down South and Up South endeavor to work out for themselves an anti-racist appropriation of Christian faith…." "Award for truth telling" A Loeffler campaign document says Warnock was to give Wright an award at the Black Church Summit in Dallas in 2008, but that Wright did not attend the summit, citing security concerns amid the reaction to the ABC News story. Warnock attended the summit as an invited speaker, but he wasn’t involved with selecting Wright for an award. RELATED: 4 people want to be Georgia’s next 2 senators. The races could tip the Senate The summit was hosted by Brite Divinity School, which is affiliated with Texas Christian University and located on the TCU campus in Fort Worth, Texas. Brite had decided months before the ABC News story to make Wright the honoree of its fourth annual summit, based on his long career in ministry. Brite stayed with its plan following controversy over the ABC story, saying at the time: "Contrary to media claims that Wright preaches racial hatred, church leaders who have observed his ministry describe him as a faithful preacher of the gospel who has ministered in a context radically different from that of many middle class Americans." Wright did not attend the event, and other events around that time, out of security concerns following the ABC story.  Warnock’s campaign said he had no affiliation with Brite prior to the summit. Brite’s president, Newell Williams, who was also president at the time, said he does not believe Warnock had any prior connection to the school, did not recall that Warnock attended the summit and does not think he has ever met Warnock. Texas Christian University’s student news publication, in a news story cited by Loeffler’s campaign, reported at the time that Warnock said the public had confused moral outrage with hatred in response to claims that Black preachers promote hate from the pulpit. "In fact, it’s inappropriate not to feel outrage in the face of injustice," he said. Warnock also said at the summit about the reaction to Wright’s sermons: "Part of the reason the public is so shocked ... is that they have not heard the public voice of the liberated black church in a very long time. In a very real sense, it's an indictment of us." Our ruling Loeffler claimed that Warnock defended the "hatred" of Wright, the pastor who said in a 2003 sermon, "not God bless America, God damn America," and that Warnock gave Wright "an award for truth telling." Wright’s sermon decried America’s historical mistreatment of Black people. What Warnock defended was Wright’s role as a preacher in the "truth telling" about that mistreatment. A Texas divinity school, not Warnock, honored Wright for his career in ministry. Loeffler’s statement contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That’s our definition of Mostly False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more. RELATED: PolitiFact fact-checks and articles about the two Georgia Senate runoffs

Georgia,Candidate Biography,Religion,Kelly Loeffler

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12583, 17873, 2144, 16313, 82, 323, 9908, 922, 279, 1403, 16272, 10092, 1629, 33583, 198]

Kelly Loeffler

2020-11-13 00:00:00

an ad:

Says Raphael Warnock defended the “hatred” of Jeremiah Wright, the pastor who said “not God bless America, God damn America,” and gave Wright “an award for truth telling.”

Tom Kertscher

2020-11-30 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/30/kelly-loeffler/no-proof-kelly-loeffler-will-ensure-protections-pr/

No proof that Kelly Loeffler will ensure protections for preexisting conditions

Republicans for years have worked to eliminate the Affordable Care Act, the law that established the gold standard for protecting people with preexisting health conditions against discrimination in insurance pricing and coverage.  Those efforts include a lawsuit — backed by the Trump administration and Georgia Sen. Kelly Loeffler — that would overturn Obamacare. The case is awaiting a decision from the Supreme Court. Now Loeffler, campaigning in one of two Jan. 5 Georgia runoff elections that will determine which party controls the Senate, has advanced a new health care proposal — a "framework" she claims will "ensure Americans with preexisting conditions are protected." Previous GOP alternatives, including one from Georgia’s other senator, David Perdue, have fallen short of Obamacare’s protections for people with prior health problems.  Loeffler’s thinly detailed plan does, too.  "There is nothing in the Loeffler plan that indicates she would support the policies necessary to protect Americans against insurer discrimination," said Jonathan Oberlander, a professor of health policy and management, and of political science, at the University of North Carolina. "The plan is short on details and substance, and long on political posturing." RELATED: PolitiFact fact-checks and articles about the Georgia runoffs Loeffler’s plan The existing Affordable Care Act was the first federal law to guarantee that people with health problems could buy their own insurance without paying more than healthier consumers.  Through multiple provisions, it prevents insurance companies from excluding patients with preexisting conditions. The ACA says carriers "may not impose any preexisting condition exclusion." It backs that up with another section that says they "may not establish rules for eligibility" based on health status, medical condition, claims experience or medical history. Another provision limits the premiums that can be charged to older policyholders. The Loeffler campaign did not provide us information to back up the senator’s claim that her proposal would ensure these protections. Loeffler released her four-page "Modernizing Americans’ Health Care Plan" on Nov. 13. As reported by the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, it is a collection of more than one dozen new pieces of legislation sponsored or co-sponsored by Loeffler, along with three measures already signed into law.  The health care experts we spoke with said the plan lacked so many details that they were forced to make assumptions about what it might or might not include.   Joseph Antos, a health care scholar at the market-oriented American Enterprise Institute, said because Loeffler’s plan does not mention repealing the ACA, "the ACA's preexisting protections remain in place." But Linda Blumberg, a fellow at the Urban Institute’s Health Policy Center, interpreted the plan differently. She said Loeffler’s plan "would make adequate, affordable insurance for people with problems far less accessible than it is under current law." Blumberg and other experts pointed to two provisions in Loeffler’s plan in saying that it would provide less protection than the ACA.  One provision would "establish Guaranteed Coverage Plans to help cover patients with preexisting conditions." No details are provided, but guaranteed issue generally refers to requiring insurers to cover any applicant. Before the ACA, such guaranteed coverage was sometimes provided through high-risk pools — non-group health coverage offered by states to customers who couldn’t otherwise obtain individual coverage. Such pools likely covered just a fraction of the people with preexisting conditions who lacked insurance, according to the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation, and they charged far more than what a typical person would pay in the non-group market.  If the Guaranteed Coverage Plans provision in Loeffler’s plan is a high-risk pool, Larry Levitt, KFF’s executive vice president for health policy wrote, "it could provide help" if it’s adequately funded. But "the history of high-risk pools is that benefits were limited and premiums were high." Other experts also said Loeffler’s proposal appears to be proposing high-risk pools. Health care consultant Robert Laszewski noted that Loeffler’s proposal has a specific plan for those who want their preexisting conditions covered, whereas all individual plans in the ACA’s exchanges cover preexisting conditions. Her Guaranteed Coverage Plans provision "would seem to indicate she will have a plan that does not cover preexisting conditions, but then she will offer a special plan that will," Laszewski said, alluding to high-risk plans that "tended to offer very limited and very expensive coverage." Another provision in Loeffler’s plan would give low-income families with preexisting conditions a one-time federal tax credit toward Health Savings Account contributions. The fact that people with preexisting conditions would need separate plans "sends a strong signal that they would no longer be guaranteed coverage or community rates in marketplace plans" as they are under the ACA, and "it seems likely that these plans would work like the high-risk pool plans," said law professor Wendy Netter Epstein, director of DePaul University’s Health Law Institute.  "If those with preexisting conditions will only be able to get plans with fewer benefits and higher costs," she added, "that explains why her proposal tries to help out low-income families with preexisting conditions with a one-time tax credit."  Such a credit "is like giving a family one bag of sand to protect their home as a hurricane rushes in," given that families with preexisting conditions can spend thousands of dollars more a year on medical care, said Allison Hoffman, a health care law expert at the University of Pennsylvania School of Law. "There’s nothing substantive in Kelly Loeffler’s framework that would protect people with preexisting conditions anywhere near to the degree the Affordable Care Act does," Hoffman said.  Our ruling Loeffler said her health care plan would "ensure Americans with preexisting conditions are protected." The plan lacks any detail to explain how it would provide protections that are at least as strong as the Affordable Care Act. Two of the plan’s provisions indicate it would make adequate and affordable insurance less accessible for people with preexisting conditions, experts say. Without evidence to back Loeffler’s claim, we rate it False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more. RELATED: 4 people want to be Georgia’s next 2 senators. The races could tip the Senate

Georgia,Health Care,Kelly Loeffler

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Kelly Loeffler

2020-11-13 00:00:00

a proposal:

Says her health care plan would "ensure Americans with preexisting conditions are protected."

Tom Kertscher

2020-11-30 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/30/facebook-posts/dane-county-fake-votes-claim-ridiculous-based-lack/

Dane County 'fake votes' claim is ridiculous, based on lack of elections knowledge

Much of the misinformation circulating widely amid the hard-fought 2020 election boils down to people unfamiliar with election processes making assumptions — trumpeting something as fraud when the issue is actually that they don’t understand the process. We saw a classic example of this in the latest baseless Gateway Pundit story about Wisconsin vote counting. The far-right purveyor of election nonsense published a story Nov. 28, 2020, with this headline: "BREAKING EXCLUSIVE: THOUSANDS of fake votes found at Wisconsin Recount in Dane County – Photos and Report from GOP Observer." This story, widely shared on Facebook, was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook). The story — which also linked a long-since debunked claim about a "dump" of votes for Democrat Joe Biden in the middle of the night — contained nothing approaching proof of this claim. Here’s why this is both wrong and ridiculous. Publisher tweaks article after question, still wrong The closest thing to proof presented in the story is a sentence saying the signature (actually referring to initials) MLW was used on the "fake votes." It then shows a picture of a ballot with those initials. But those initials are under a section titled "Absentee ballot issued by." It’s where the issuing clerk puts their initials on every ballot. The Madison city clerk is Maribeth L. Witzel-Behl — in line with the initials cited in the story. In other words, those repeated initials are exactly what and where you would expect to find repeated initials on thousands of ballots. Dane County Clerk Scott McDonell confirmed in an email the initials are simply those of the Madison clerk. When asked for proof that this picture showed votes were fake, Gateway Pundit Editor Jim Hoft changed the headline within minutes to say the votes were "suspect" rather than fake. And he briefly added a line to the story saying, "Madison County attorneys contacted The Gateway Pundit to say the ballots were signed by the city clerk in Madison, Wisconsin." That was later deleted. Of course, Hoft didn’t pass along this information to readers until he was challenged on the matter, and after the story had collected thousands of social media shares and comments. Aside from bungling the location — Madison is a city in Dane County — Hoft’s temporary change pointed out the obvious reason for the repeated initials, while still asserting there is something underhanded about the ballots. Which there isn’t. Hoft did not offer any other proof of his amended claim in the story or an email exchange. Our ruling A story shared widely across social media said, "More than 2,000 fake votes were found at the Wisconsin Recount in Dane County on Friday!" An amended version instead referenced them as being "suspect" votes. Neither claim has any basis in reality. The repeated initials aren’t those of the voter, they’re initials of the clerk who issued the absentee ballots. That’s not sketchy, it’s just a basic element of how elections are administered. We rate this Pants on Fire.

Elections,State Budget,Wisconsin,Facebook posts

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Viral image

2020-11-28 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says the Denver Broncos signed Colin Kaepernick.

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-11-27 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/27/greg-abbott/examining-effectiveness-texas-statewide-shutdowns/

Examining the effectiveness of Texas' statewide shutdowns

Several days after Gov. Greg Abbott declared that he wouldn’t impose "any more lockdowns" amid rising coronavirus cases, he defended that decision in a Nov. 19 press conference in Lubbock, where he was promoting the state’s distribution of a new antibody therapy. He gave two reasons for not imposing the sort of shutdown measures he had implemented statewide twice before. First, shutdowns can have severe consequences on the mental, emotional and financial health of people, he said. "Lesser known, however, is the ineffectiveness of it," Abbott continued. "One thing that we’ve learned over the course of COVID is, one of the most common ways that COVID is spread today is not by someone going to work, but by people gathering together in home settings or in casual settings — after bars close or something like that," he said. "So shutdowns will not lead to the positive results that some people think." Abbott issued his last statewide order restricting business operations near the end of June, when Texas was reporting what were then record-breaking daily case numbers — over 5,000 new cases for several consecutive days. He ordered bars closed, scaled back restaurant occupancy to 50% and allowed local governments to place restrictions on outdoor gatherings of more than 100 people. In mid-September, as daily cases had dropped to an average of about 3,500, Abbott allowed restaurants, stores and offices to expand to 75% capacity in trauma service areas where COVID-19 patients occupied 15% or fewer of available hospital beds. In mid-October, he gave county officials the authority to allow bars to reopen, again as long as COVID-19 patients occupied 15% or fewer of hospital beds in the area. But by then, daily case numbers were beginning to rise again, and have continued to increase. This past week saw multiple records posted, with 14,600 new coronavirus cases recorded on Wednesday. With such a rapid escalation of transmission across the state, we wanted to know whether statewide shutdowns are ineffective as Abbott says. And have we learned over the course of the pandemic that the virus is not commonly spread in workplaces? Shutdown efficacy It’s difficult to broadly determine the effectiveness of shutdowns without identifying a metric by which to gauge them. Abbott’s office didn’t respond to several inquiries asking for clarification on what he meant by "ineffectiveness." But experts say that if effectiveness is measured strictly by case numbers and transmissions, then shutdowns or lockdowns have been shown to be effective in Texas and across the globe. "If you say we’re just going to look at reducing the number of transmissions and cases, do lockdowns work? Yes they do. We clearly saw that during the spring," said Dr. Diana Cervantes, an epidemiologist at the University of North Texas Health Science Center. "If you're looking at economic factors, social factors, or other factors — like what (shutdowns) mean for the big picture — then that's a different case," Cervantes said. "There are ongoing implications that take longer to see their effects. But in regards to transmission, we know that lockdowns can be effective." On March 19, as the state was ramping up its testing capacity, Abbott issued the state’s first sweeping executive order, effective April 2, that closed bars, gyms and restaurants for dine-in and ordered people to avoid gathering in groups larger than 10. That same day, 26 new cases were reported statewide. "Working together, we must defeat COVID-19 with the only tool that we have available to us — we must strangle its expansion by reducing the ways that we are currently transmitting it. We are doing this now, today, so that we can get back to business as usual more quickly," Abbott said then. That shutdown lasted until May 1, when the state was reporting between 800 and 1,000 daily new cases with a positivity rate hovering around 10%. About a month later, daily case numbers started to rise precipitously, cresting at nearly 11,000 on July 15. A primary reason that shutdowns were implemented during the early period of the pandemic was to allow government officials and scientists time to better understand the nature of the virus and its spread. "When it comes to lockdowns, originally the idea was, we’re trying to learn more about the virus and until we get to that point, we need to be as safe as possible," Cervantes said. "Now the idea is, we do know how the virus is primarily transmitted and what those prevention and control measures are." Furthermore, enforcing a shutdown at this point during the pandemic — as people are more likely to experience shutdown fatigue — is quite different than enforcing one in the pandemic’s early period, said Angela Clendenin, a public health assistant professor at Texas A&M University. The first lockdown certainly slowed the spread, Clendenin said, "but think about where we were as a population psychologically. All of a sudden we had this new and novel virus where there's no vaccine. … People were scared. They didn’t know what it was. At that point, the fear of the unknown I think made people much more compliant with the idea of a lockdown." But that fear began waning as the virus was better understood, she said. The diminishment of that fear combined with fatigue with virus restrictions makes lockdown enforcement much more difficult. "The idea of a lockdown seems intuitively to be a good answer when you're experiencing spikes in cases like what we've been seeing," she said. "In theory they work, but it's implementing them that presents a lot of challenges. … The enforcement of a lockdown sometimes is just not practical." Workplace gatherings It’s not clear upon what basis Abbott claims that the virus is not commonly spread in the workplace. While the ability for many employees to work remotely has reduced the number of transmissions borne out of workplace gatherings, many workers don’t have that remote option. One of the most extreme examples was recorded in the Panhandle, when the first wave of the virus struck meatpacking plants and their refugee and immigrant workforce. With people working shoulder to shoulder, the plants became an incubator for the virus’ spread. According to an analysis by the Century Foundation, a progressive think tank, 12 meatpacking plants in Texas have reported nearly 1,500 cases and nine deaths. In May, President Donald Trump declared the meatpacking plants essential businesses, which allowed the plants to keep running despite shutdown orders. To Cervantes, Abbott’s comment that "one of the most common ways that COVID is spread today is not by someone going to work" ignores people’s limited options when it comes to earning a living. "There’s a lot of people who don’t have choices and are put in a setting where they have increased exposure and there’s very little that can be done about it," she said. On April 28, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration released guidelines that advise meatpacking plants to stagger shifts, implement social distancing among workers, add hand-washing stations and install plastic barriers. Those guidelines, where implemented correctly, have helped keep the virus under control since those initial outbreaks, although some plants have been accused of violating the protocols. The construction industry also has experienced COVID-19 transmissions and hospitalizations. In April, Abbott declared all construction work permissible statewide, exempting the industry from stay-home orders enacted by cities or counties. In Austin, the stay-home order enacted in late March resulted in an estimated 73% reduction in the rate of local transmissions, according to a study published by the University of Texas COVID-19 Modeling Consortium. However, researchers found that the construction industry’s exemption was associated with an increase of COVID-19 hospitalizations among those workers. From the beginning of the pandemic through mid-August, hospitalization rates of construction workers increased from 0.22 per 1,000 workers to 9.3 per 1,000 workers. "As the United States navigates relaxing and enacting policies to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic, communities should recognize the disproportionate burden of illness already experienced by workers in low-paying, high-contact industries," the study says. However, this multifold increased risk of hospitalizations is estimated to be offset by safety measures, such as cleaning equipment between uses, wearing personal protective equipment and limiting the number of workers on a work site. These precautions were modeled to result in a 50% decrease in transmissions. If these kinds of at-risk industries abide by preventative safety measures, then they can be kept relatively safe, Clendenin said. Rather, it’s the casual at-home settings — where people let their guard down around trusted friends and family — that is most troublesome to public health experts, she said. "It really is at home in these small gatherings where people are letting their vigilance slip a little bit," she said. "You forget to socially distance and you forget people should be wearing masks or washing hands, and you're laughing and having a great time, and you're propelling those droplets further than 6 feet." "It’s a comfort level that drives (transmissions) at those gatherings, more so than at the workplace," Clendenin said. Our ruling Abbott defended his decision to not impose a statewide shutdown in a Nov. 19 press conference, describing shutdowns as ineffective and saying that "one of the most common ways that COVID is spread today is not by someone going to work." It’s hard to know by what metric Abbott gauges the efficacy of a shutdown. Experts say that if measuring strictly transmission rates and case numbers, shutdowns have proven to be effective in managing spread. But it’s harder to quantify the efficacy of a shutdown when considering all the social and economic consequences. In Texas, case numbers rose after each time that Abbott lifted shutdowns. Abbott’s comments about workplace gatherings not being a common way for COVID-19 to spread also ignores workplaces where proper precautions can be difficult to achieve. We rate this claim False.

Public Health,Texas,Coronavirus,Greg Abbott

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Facebook posts

2020-11-28 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

"THOUSANDS of fake votes found at Wisconsin Recount in Dane County."

Eric Litke

2020-11-25 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/25/instagram-posts/kyle-rittenhouse-use-covid-19-stimulus-kenosha/

Did Kyle Rittenhouse use COVID-19 stimulus funds to buy AR-15 used in Kenosha shootings?

Out of jail for the first time since August, Kyle Rittenhouse is garnering a new wave of attention. The 17-year-old from Antioch, Ill., had been held on a $2 million bond on charges he shot three people — killing two — during the Kenosha unrest that followed the police shooting of Jacob Blake. In that time the Illinois teen has become something of a conservative celebrity, generating millions of dollars for his release and the ongoing legal case where his lawyers will argue he acted in self defense. Rittenhouse was released from custody Nov. 20, 2020, but we learned an array of new details the day before in a jailhouse interview with the Washington Post — including how he came by the gun used in the shooting. One widely shared Instagram post honed in on that detail Nov. 20, saying, "Kyle Rittenhouse used his COVID-19 stimulus check to purchase the AR-15 he used in the fatal Kenosha shooting." Did the gun used in the streets of Kenosha really come from a federally-funded stimulus? A confusing quote The balleralert Instagram account that posted the claim cited the Washington Post as its source, and that is largely what the paper reported. The Nov. 19 story reads in part, "The Post found that Rittenhouse, who was too young to buy a rifle, had arranged for an adult friend to buy the weapon for him using money Rittenhouse had received from a government stimulus program." That friend, 19-year-old Dominick Black of Burlington, Wis., purchased the weapon for him at an Ace Hardware store in Ladysmith, Wis., on May 1, 2020, according to a criminal complaint charging Black with two felony counts of intentionally giving a dangerous weapon to someone under 18, resulting in death. The gun was then stored at Black’s stepfather’s house in Kenosha, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel reported. Here’s how Rittenhouse described the purchase to the Post. "I got my $1,200 from the coronavirus Illinois unemployment because I was on furlough from YMCA," he said. "And I got my first unemployment check so I was like, ‘Oh, I’ll use this to buy it.’" This is where the matter gets a bit muddled. The Post reported generally that stimulus funds were used, while the Instagram post made a more specific reference to "stimulus checks," which would reference the payments of $1,200 per person. And Rittenhouse appears to confuse the two in his statement. The stimulus checks approved by Congress in March were indeed for $1,200, but those are different from unemployment. Stimulus payments went to all adults under certain income limits, while unemployment benefits are paid only to those out of work — as Rittenhouse was, based on his furlough description.  Rittenhouse told the Post he lived with his mother, a circumstance that would typically mean she claims him as a dependent on her taxes. That would make him ineligible for the $1,200 stimulus payment. Instead, it appears Rittenhouse was referencing several weeks of unemployment compensation approved through the CARES Act, said Washington Post Investigations Editor Jeff Leen. He said Rittenhouse’s mother later told the paper that money for the gun came from "special unemployment" related to the pandemic. Rittenhouse had noted he was off work, and the act signed into law March 27 provided an extra $600 per week in unemployment through the end of July. Rittenhouse’s attorneys did not return a phone call or email seeking clarification. Our ruling An Instagram post says "Kyle Rittenhouse used his COVID-19 stimulus check to purchase the AR-15 he used in the fatal Kenosha shooting." We don’t have bank records or documents to concretely prove this, leaving us to take Rittenhouse at his word on the source of the funds.  Rittenhouse did tell the Post he used $1,200 in coronavirus funds, but he appears to confuse stimulus and unemployment payments.  It’s more likely Rittenhouse was referring to unemployment than the stimulus program itself, based on his life circumstances and description from him and his mother. That is indeed a "COVID-19 stimulus," but not the one people would think of based on this post’s description. We rate this claim Half True.

Criminal Justice,Guns,Wisconsin,Instagram posts

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Greg Abbott

2020-11-19 00:00:00

a press conference:

Says that shutdowns are “ineffective” and that we now know that COVID-19 is not commonly spread “by someone going to work.”

Brandon Mulder

2020-11-25 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/25/robin-vos/wisconsin-assembly-speaker-says-state-passed-one-f/

Wisconsin Assembly speaker says state passed one of the first COVID-19 bills, but that’s wrong

Gov. Tony Evers and Republican legislative leaders are back at the drawing table after months without speaking to each other in the middle of the coronavirus pandemic. Evers met with Assembly Speaker Robin Vos and incoming Senate Majority Leader Devin LeMahieu on Nov. 20, 2020, to discuss the governor’s proposed COVID-19 relief package. The meeting came days after Vos held a news conference to discuss "new legislative initiatives." The talking and jockeying comes as the state’s case counts continue to rise, with daily deaths topping 100 for the first time on Nov. 24, 2020. In a Nov. 22, 2020, interview with WKOW, Vos expressed a desire to find common ground with the governor and put politics behind them. But his comments took a partisan tone as he shifted the blame for months of inaction away from Republicans.  "We passed one of the first (COVID-19) bills in the entire country, empowering Gov. Evers to act," he said.  Is Vos’ recounting of history correct? One of the first? Evers signed a COVID-19 relief package on April 15, 2020, the day it reached his desk and 14 days after Republicans first began drafting legislation and weeks after the governor offered his own proposal to legislative leaders.  By then, many other states had already begun tackling the pandemic. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, 36 states and territories had adopted or enacted 174 COVID-19-related measures by April 14. Nearly 60 were resolutions that didn’t carry the weight of law but handled legislative housekeeping and, in Alabama, urged residents to bump fists instead of shaking hands.  The remainder were bills that governed the pandemic response in the respective states. Alaska and Massachusetts changed rules around unemployment benefits. New Jersey banned evictions during public health emergencies. Minnesota and Vermont enacted comprehensive response packages. Several legislatures moved money around to manage the pandemic, while others addressed specific issues such as student meals, price gouging and coverage for telehealth services. Vos spokeswoman Kit Beyer pointed to the database as evidence for the speaker’s claim, but in reality, it undermines his position.   Empowering Evers The rest of Vos’ claim suggests the COVID-19 relief package empowered Evers to act. "The legislation gave the governor broad authority to respond to the coronavirus and ensured that Wisconsin received more federal dollars, especially in the areas of unemployment insurance and health care (Medicaid) funding," Beyer said. But this too is off base. The relief package did facilitate the transfer of CARES Act funds, allowing the state to capture additional federal Medicaid dollars. But $25 million in federal funding for unemployment went out the window because lawmakers didn’t pass a piece of legislation quickly enough. What’s more, state statute already granted Evers the authority to declare public health emergencies, issue orders and distribute $2 billion in federal dollars without the legislature’s approval. The relief bill didn’t do any of that. Our ruling In a recent interview, Vos claimed "we passed one of the first (COVID-19) bills in the entire country, empowering Gov. Evers to act." This is wrong on both fronts.  Wisconsin lagged behind many other states in passing COVID-19 legislation, to the point where lawmakers lost out on federal aid for unemployment. And Evers’ ability to manage health emergencies came from state law already in place when the pandemic hit. We rate Vos’ claim False.     

Legal Issues,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Robin Vos

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Viral image

2020-11-23 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Photo shows “Biden’s inaugural stage being built on the White House North Lawn.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-11-24 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/24/jody-hice/did-democrats-refuse-acknowledge-trumps-2016-victo/

Democrats didn't refuse to acknowledge Trump’s 2016 victory

As the world waits for President Donald Trump to concede defeat, his supporters are spreading a claim on social media that Democrats rejected Trump as president for four years.  "We’re hearing a lot from Democrats that all Americans need to ‘unify,’" Rep. Jody Hice, R-Ga., tweeted on Nov. 12. "If they truly wanted unity, they wouldn’t have spent 4 years refusing to acknowledge Trump’s 2016 victory."  The claim has since gone viral as a Facebook post that was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) In fact, Democrats began acknowledging Trump’s electoral-vote victory in 2016 within hours after it became clear. Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, who won the popular vote, called Trump on election night to congratulate him and offered to work with him. She also urged her supporters to accept the results and "look to the future." "Donald Trump is going to be our president," Clinton said during her concession speech the morning of Nov. 9. "We owe him an open mind and the chance to lead. Our constitutional democracy enshrines the peaceful transfer of power. And we don’t just respect that, we cherish it."  The Democratic National Committee’s interim chair, Donna Brazile, referred to Trump as the president-elect in a Nov. 9 statement and congratulated him on his win.  Two days after the election, President Barack Obama invited Trump to the White House, where they posed together and shook hands after a cordial meeting. Trump afterward called Obama "a good man" and said he’d seek his counsel.  "We are all now rooting for his success," Obama said that day. "The peaceful transfer of power is one of the hallmarks of our democracy. And over the next few months, we are going to show that to the world." Obama also issued a Nov. 10 statement about a smooth transition of power and what that would look like. The federal government began to engage with Trump’s transition team that same week. The list of Democratic leaders who promptly acknowledged his victory goes on: Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, then-House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, and Secretary of State John Kerry, who was the party’s 2004 presidential nominee, all congratulated Trump and referred to him as the president-elect. There were some dissidents. Some House Democrats tried to challenge Trump’s Electoral College win when Congress validated the results Jan. 6. Their efforts failed because no senator chose to join them.  Several Democrats boycotted Trump’s inauguration, citing various reasons. One of them, Georgia Democratic Rep. John Lewis, said at the time that he didn’t regard Trump as a legitimate president-elect, citing intelligence reports that Russia played a role in supporting his candidacy and undermining Clinton. The two continued to feud until Lewis’ death in July 2020. We reached out to Hice’s office to find the out the basis for his claim. His office didn’t respond to requests for comment. ‘Not my president’  Despite top Democratic leaders’ calls to accept the results, protests broke out in the days that followed the election and on Inauguration Day. Thousands across the country gathered with chants of "Not my president" and, "We reject the president-elect." Clinton supporters also took to social media with the hashtags #NotMyPresident and #ImStillWithHer.  The protesters criticized Trump’s rhetoric and policies on immigration, and thousands expressed grief and anger over his win. The message was that Trump didn’t represent their values, not that he hadn’t won the election.  Others responded to the results with calls for election reform. Some progressive groups brought attention to the Electoral College system for allowing presidential candidates to win without the national popular vote, and blamed his win partly on voter suppression. While Trump won states accounting for 306 electoral votes, well over the 270 he needed to win, about 2.9 million more people voted for Clinton. Russia Trump has repeatedly accused Democrats of undercutting his 2016 victory with claims of Russian interference in the election, which he has dismissed as a "hoax."  But Democrats weren’t the only ones to point to Russian interference in 2016. Intelligence agencies, law enforcement and an independent special counsel all concluded that Russia meddled in the 2016 election to favor Trump. A bipartisan Senate panel in April 2020 backed those findings. Special Counsel Robert Mueller, a former FBI director who conducted a two-year probe into Russia’s interference, concluded that the Trump campaign and Russian officials were in contact several times, and that the Trump campaign believed it would benefit from Moscow’s interference. Mueller’s investigation did not establish whether those contacts amounted to a criminal conspiracy or illegal coordination. It’s unclear how much influence Russia had on the election outcome.  Impeachment Trump and his supporters also point to his 2019 impeachment as evidence of a Democratic effort to erase his election victory. In December 2019, after investigating a whistleblower complaint about a Trump phone call, the Democratic-controlled House impeached Trump on two counts. The first was abuse of power for allegedly strong-arming Ukraine to investigate his political opponent, Joe Biden, and undermining national security. The other article accused Trump of blocking cooperation with Congress over its impeachment inquiry.  The impeachment of Trump, as with President Bill Clinton in 1998, was a constitutional response to alleged misconduct in office, not a refusal to acknowledge his victory. The Senate acquitted Trump. Our ruling Hice claimed that Democrats have spent four years refusing to acknowledge Trump’s 2016 victory. While there were some dissident voices that questioned the legitimacy of Trump’s election, top Democrats acknowledged Trump’s win and referred to him as the president-elect less than a day after election results became clear. Those leaders included Clinton, Obama, Democratic leaders in Congress and the DNC.  Trump and his supporters have claimed that the investigation into Russian involvement in the election and the 2019 impeachment represented Democrats’ refusal to accept the 2016 election result. The conclusion that Russia interfered in the election was supported by law enforcement, intelligence agencies and a bipartisan Senate panel, not just Democrats. And the impeachment was a response to a whistleblower’s complaint about alleged wrongdoing. Hice goes too far in his claim that Democrats spent four years refusing to acknowledge Trump's victory, and provides no evidence for it. We rate this claim False.

National,Elections,Impeachment,Jody Hice

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Jody Hice

2020-11-12 00:00:00

a tweet:

Democrats “spent 4 years refusing to acknowledge Trump’s 2016 victory.”

Hayat Norimine

2020-11-23 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/23/donald-trump/no-there-have-not-been-more-votes-people-who-voted/

Trump's Pants on Fire claim about votes exceeding voters in swing states

In a late-night tweet, President Donald Trump highlighted an election statistic that he thought ought to raise eyebrows. "In certain swing states, there were more votes than people who voted, and in big numbers," Trump tweeted at 11:37 p.m. ET Nov. 22. "Does that not really matter?" In certain swing states, there were more votes than people who voted, and in big numbers. Does that not really matter? Stopping Poll Watchers, voting for unsuspecting people, fake ballots and so much more. Such egregious conduct. We will win!— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) November 23, 2020 There is no reading of this claim that makes it accurate. Trump might be recycling the inaccurate claim that in pivotal states, there were more votes than registered voters. Charges of that sort circulated quickly right after Election Day, and they were simply wrong. Trump didn’t specify which states he had in mind — and our request for details from the White House and the Trump campaign went unanswered. So we focused on the states where Trump’s lawyers have most aggressively challenged results: Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. In each of those, there are far more registered voters than votes cast. In Georgia, Michigan and Pennsylvania, the difference is more than 2 million people in each state. At 387,612, Wisconsin has the narrowest gap, but that doesn’t include same-day registrations, so the exact number will change. In any event, the number of registered voters greatly exceeds the number of votes counted. Trump’s tweet could also be interpreted as him saying large numbers of people voted twice — once by mail, and once in person. But there is no evidence of that happening "in big numbers" either. The National Association of Secretaries of State tracks each state’s approach to ensuring one voter cannot cast two ballots. Basically, it all comes down to software that links votes to voters, no matter how a ballot comes in. "States have databases that record the receipt of a ballot from a voter and mark that voter as having voted," said Philip Stark, University of California-Berkeley election security researcher. "If you vote by mail and your ballot was received, you would not be permitted to cast a vote in person at the polls; you would be marked as having voted already." There have been instances when voters show up to vote in person before their mailed ballot arrives. The same voter database process works that direction, too. The voter’s appearance at the polling station is recorded and if a mailed ballot appears, it is saved, but not counted. Our ruling Trump said that in key swing states, there were more votes than people voting, "in big numbers." There is zero proof. If he meant there were more votes cast than registered voters, election data show the opposite. In the six key states we examined, there were between several hundred thousand and 2 million more registered voters than votes cast. If he meant that there was a lot of double voting, his lawyers have provided no evidence to back that up. States use careful systems to prevent that from taking place. We rate this claim Pants on Fire!  

Arizona,Georgia,National,Nevada,Elections,Wisconsin,Pennsylvania,Michigan,Donald Trump

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Facebook posts

2021-04-11 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“McDonald’s and Coke have both announced no whites will be hired in top positions.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-04-13 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/13/national-republican-senatorial-committee/gop-ad-misstates-warnocks-position-georgia-boycott/

GOP ad misstates Warnock’s position on Georgia boycotts and MLB’s shift on All-Star Game

An ad by a national Republican group portrays Sen. Raphael Warnock as supporting Major League Baseball’s decision to pull the All-Star Game from Georgia in protest of the state’s new voting law.  The National Republican Senatorial Committee’s digital ad begins with a clip of President Joe Biden praising professional athletes for speaking out against the law, which expands early voting but includes new restrictions on voting by mail.  The ad focuses its attack on Warnock, a Democrat who won his Senate seat in a January runoff but faces re-election again in 2022. It includes a partial clip of Warnock’s appearance on CNN’s "State of the Union" to discuss the voting law, a few days before MLB’s announcement.  "Should boycotts be on the table?" CNN’s Dana Bash asked Warnock. The ad uses only the beginning of Warnock’s response: "I think we all have to use our voices." The ad, titled "Warnock’s All-Star Blunder With The MLB," features a business owner and a tourism official talking about the economic loss from the All-Star Game.  "Tell Senator Warnock you oppose his Georgia boycott," the ad concludes. Some major Georgia-based corporations have made statements against the voting restrictions in Georgia’s law (and some Republicans, in turn, have called for boycotts of those businesses). On April 12, film director Antoine Fuqua and actor Will Smith announced that they are moving upcoming production of the film "Emancipation," about a fugitive from slavery, out of Georgia in protest.  But the ad’s reference to Warnock and "his Georgia boycott" misrepresents the senator’s stated position by suggesting he approves of the boycott. Warnock said April 2 that he hopes "businesses, athletes, and entertainers can protest this law not by leaving Georgia but by coming here and fighting voter suppression head on." We watched Warnock’s full interview on CNN as well as other statements he made and found that Warnock did not call for any sort of boycott of Georgia. What Warnock said on CNN about Georgia’s voting law In the CNN interview, Warnock demurred on the question of a boycott. He gave a broad statement in favor of corporations standing up for voting rights, but also said he wants Georgia "open for business." Here’s the fuller exchange between Bash and Warnock, in which the senator also called for passing federal voting-rights legislation: Bash: "Georgia-based corporations like Coca-Cola and Delta are facing intense criticism for not doing more to publicly oppose this law. Organizations like the PGA, the MLB are also under pressure to move high-profile events, like the Masters and the All-Star Game, out of your state of Georgia. Does corporate America need to be more forceful in denouncing this law? Should boycotts be on the table?" Warnock: "I think we all have to use our voices. And I have to tell you, as the pastor of Ebenezer Church, I have seen these corporations falling over themselves every year around the time of the King holiday celebrating Dr. King. "And, yes, I think that the way to celebrate Dr. King is to stand up for what he represented, voting rights. And so we will see how all of that plays out. But I'm focused on what we can do in the United States Senate. "We have a responsibility to make sure that we secure the franchise. And we — when we do that, we protect the democracy. And I think, also, we set the climate for business. We want to see people prosper, particularly who have been suffering for months under this pandemic. We need to pass this legislation, protect the right of the people to be heard in their own democracy, and to make sure that Georgia is open, open for business and open for voting."  Bash: "So, no boycotts?" Warnock: "Listen, I'm not focused on that. I am focused on what I can do as a United States senator." The NRSC said in a press release that Warnock gave his "implicit approval for the boycotts" by not answering the question directly. We asked the group whether it could point to any other statements by Warnock in favor of a boycott and did not receive a response.  Statements by Warnock before MLB’s decision In other statements, Warnock called for corporations to speak out against the law, but didn’t go as far as calling for MLB or any other business to boycott Georgia. On March 25, the day Republican Gov. Brian Kemp signed the law, a reporter asked Warnock, "Should Georgians who oppose this be considering a boycott of Georgia businesses?" Warnock replied: "We need Georgia businesses to stand up, in a moment like this. They, too, are citizens of this state, and I can tell you as someone who is the pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church where Dr. King served, that come Martin Luther King Jr.’s birthday, the corporate entities in this state will all be falling over themselves to honor Dr. King. If you want to honor Dr. King, stand up against voter suppression right now."  It was in the next few days that the idea of the MLB moving the All-Star Game, and criticism of the law by corporations, started to pick up steam. In an interview with MSNBC’s Rachel Maddow on March 26, Warnock again called on corporations to speak up. "And I say to the corporations in Georgia that have been entirely too silent in this moment that this is what Dr. King meant when he said that there comes a time when silence is betrayal," he said. "All of us have got to use our voices, our vote, and I am going to use every fiber, every effort, everything within me to stand up for our democracy." Warnock’s response to MLB’s decision On April 2, after pressure from players prompted MLB to move the All-Star Game, Warnock called on businesses, athletes and entertainers not to leave the state. "Businesses and organizations have great power in their voices and ability to push for change, and I respect the decision of the players to speak out against this unjust law. It is not the people of Georgia or the workers of Georgia who crafted this law, it is politicians seeking to retain power at the expense of Georgians’ voices. And today’s decision by MLB is the unfortunate consequence of these politicians’ actions," Warnock said in a press release. "It is my hope that businesses, athletes, and entertainers can protest this law not by leaving Georgia but by coming here and fighting voter suppression head on, and hand-in-hand with the community." Warnock made a similar statement on Twitter. Other leading Democrats in Georgia explicitly rejected a boycott, including voting rights activist Stacey Abrams and Georgia’s other senator, Democrat Jon Ossoff. Our ruling An online ad by the National Republican Senatorial Committee suggests that Warnock supports boycotts of Georgia to protest the state’s new voting law, and uses a clip from a CNN interview. The ad ignores statements Warnock made in the interview and later, where he expressed his hope that businesses would speak out about the law, but continue doing business with Georgia. He did not call for any sort of boycott. We rate this statement False. RELATED: Claims about HR 1 keep pouring in. Here are all of our fact-checks in one place RELATED: What’s in Georgia’s new voting law that lost it the All-Star Game

Georgia,National,Elections,National Republican Senatorial Committee

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2021-04-13 00:00:00

an onl

Says Raphael Warnock supports boycotts of Georgia to protest voting law.

Amy Sherman

2021-04-13 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/apr/13/liz-cheney/liz-cheneys-dubious-claim-just-6-biden-plan-infras/

Liz Cheney’s dubious claim that just 6% of Biden plan is “infrastructure”

As President Joe Biden seeks to win congressional support for his American Jobs Plan, Democrats and Republicans have been attacking each other over how they define the key element of the proposal: infrastructure. The third-ranking House Republican, Liz Cheney of Wyoming, appeared on CBS’s "Face the Nation" and argued that just a tiny fraction of Biden’s proposal consists of "infrastructure." During the April 11 edition of the show, host Margaret Brennan reminded Cheney that in 2017, she supported President Donald Trump's infrastructure proposal. "Nothing ever came of that, of course," Brennan said. "But you liked the concept. Why are you opposed to it now?" Cheney responded, "Well, it's a very different proposal, obviously. Something less than 6%, as you mentioned, of this proposal that President Biden has put forward is actually focused on infrastructure." We didn’t see where Brennan "mentioned" the 6% figure earlier in the interview, but Cheney’s statement caught our eye, because other Republicans have cited a similar figure, including Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy of California and Sen. Tim Scott of South Carolina.  The difference is that McConnell, McCarthy and Scott specified that the 6% figure referred to spending on roads, bridges and highways. They were correct: Biden’s proposal calls for spending roughly that much on roads, bridges and highways. Cheney, on the other hand, used the broader term "infrastructure," a word that would seem to encompass other provisions in the proposal, from railways and waterways to airports and the electric grid. We checked with Cheney’s office to see whether she had misspoken. In a statement to PolitiFact, they said she had not. "Roads, bridges, and highways are what constitutes 'infrastructure,'" the statement said. It continued, "When taken at what infrastructure is supposed to mean — rebuilding or investing in improvements for roads, bridges, and highways — under 6% of the Biden outline goes towards 'infrastructure.'"   However, outside experts questioned that narrow interpretation. "That’s not my definition," said Douglas Holtz-Eakin, president of the right-of-center American Action Forum. "Mine is broader than hers." A BNSF Railway train hauling carloads of coal from the Powder River Basin of Montana and Wyoming, seen east of Hardin, Mont., on July 15, 2020. (AP) What’s in Biden’s proposal? It’s clear that some elements of Biden’s proposal do not fit a traditional definition of infrastructure, such as $400 billion devoted to expanding access to long-term, home and community-based care under Medicaid.  Supporters have defended such categorizations. On ABC’s "This Week," Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm said the definition of infrastructure "evolves to meet the American people's aspirations." But some experts see the administration as stretching the definition too far. "Much of what the president is calling ‘infrastructure’ consists of exercises in industrial policy," said James E. Moore II, director of the Transportation Engineering Program at the University of Southern California. Economists consider infrastructure spending to be "money that generates a return, while industrial policy tends to be a losing proposition. The administration has picked a label for its spending plan that it hopes will deflect criticism." Some other elements of the plan fall into a gray area, arguably fitting under some definitions of infrastructure. These include $590 billion for research and development and domestic manufacturing; $400 billion in clean energy tax credits; and $328 billion for capital investments in housing, schools, child care centers, veterans’ hospitals and other federal buildings. But other provisions would fall under the traditional umbrella of infrastructure, beyond the $115 billion for roads, bridges, and highways. Here’s a list, drawn from to an analysis of the proposal by the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget: Public transit: $85 billion Passenger and freight rail: $80 billion Airports: $25 billion Ports and waterways: $17 billion Protecting critical infrastructure and increasing resilience of land and water resources: $50 billion High-speed Internet: $100 billion Power infrastructure: $100 billion Drinking water supply system upgrades: $111 billion These elements total $683 billion, which works out to about 26% of the $2.65 trillion proposal. That’s more than four times the 6% Cheney considers to be infrastructure. The categories totaling $683 billion are "not only infrastructure but critical infrastructure," said Robert Greer, an associate professor in public service and administration at the Texas A&M University Bush School of Government and Public Service. "As a Texan, we are acutely aware of energy system modernization issues given the recent rolling blackouts." Adie Tomer, a fellow at the Brookings Institution’s Metropolitan Policy Program, agreed. "There is no reason to exclude traditional infrastructure categories — transportation, water resources, energy, and telecommunications — when assessing the American Jobs Plan," Tomer said. "For decades, and in some case centuries, the federal government has supported direct investment in these physical capital systems and related policies like workforce development and planning grants." When we asked the American Water Works Association what they thought of Cheney excluding their industry from her definition of "infrastructure," legislative director Tommy Holmes said, "I have often heard ‘roads and bridges’ being used as shorthand for all infrastructure, but I have never been in a serious discussion of the nation’s infrastructure that did not include the nation’s drinking water and wastewater systems." Heat comes off the pavement near high-tension electrical lines in Los Angeles on Aug. 15, 2020. (AP) What has Cheney considered infrastructure in the past? Cheney’s statement on "Face the Nation" is especially striking since she has a paper trail of defining "infrastructure’ more broadly. Here’s what she’s included in her discussion of infrastructure in the recent past: Railways and waterways: In September 2020, Cheney announced her support for the Building U.S Infrastructure through Limited Delays & Efficient Reviews Act, which would overhaul the review process for big projects under the National Environmental Policy Act. "For too long, vital improvements to our roads, bridges, railways and waterways have stalled due to NEPA’s outdated guidelines," Cheney said. Cheney also co-sponsored the Critical Infrastructure Act of 2019, which addressed regulation of water infrastructure. Rural broadband: Cheney applauded the Federal Communications Commission’s February 2020 authorization of money to expand rural broadband in Wyoming. "We need to continue prioritizing this crucial infrastructure," she wrote. She also released a statement in 2018 that supported the Farm Bill, touting rural broadband as one of the bill’s "important investments in infrastructure." Water supply: In 2019, Cheney announced that she was co-sponsoring the Water Quality Certification Improvement Act, which, according to a news release, would clarify "the permitting process for pipelines and other infrastructure projects." And in a September 2017 newsletter for constituents, Cheney noted House passage of the Water Resources Development Act, which aided "water infrastructure" such as the Fontenelle Reservoir in her home state. Transit and the energy grid: Cheney co-sponsored the Transit Infrastructure Vehicle Security Act, which bars transit rail-car purchases from certain countries, and the National Strategic and Critical Minerals Production Act, which defined the "energy infrastructure of the United States" as including "pipelines, refining capacity, electrical power generation and transmission, and renewable energy production." In other words, just in the past few years, Cheney has either co-sponsored or touted her support for bills that defined infrastructure as encompassing railways, waterways, broadband, water distribution and the energy supply, including renewable energy. Biden’s proposal includes all of those elements, but Cheney ignored them in her latest definition of infrastructure. "Cheney was making a very legitimate criticism," Moore said. "It is unfortunate she exaggerated her case." Our ruling Cheney said, "Something less than 6% ... of this proposal that President Biden has put forward is actually focused on infrastructure." The figure she cited applies to spending on roads, bridges and highways, but excludes items in Biden’s proposal that experts say are widely considered to be infrastructure, including public transit, rail, airports, ports, waterways, the electrical grid, drinking water systems and broadband. Moreover, her narrow definition of infrastructure contradicts her own repeated use of the word "infrastructure" in relation to bills that cover a wide range of matters beyond roads, bridges and highways. We rate the statement Pants on Fire.

Federal Budget,Infrastructure,Transportation,Liz Cheney

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40073, 323, 60395, 627, 1687, 4478, 279, 5224, 67553, 389, 6785, 627]

National Republican Senatorial Committee

2021-04-09 00:00:00

an

“Something less than 6% ... of this proposal that President Biden has put forward is actually focused on infrastructure.”

Louis Jacobson

2021-04-13 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/29/marco-rubio/marco-rubio-falsely-claims-former-leaders-are-pros/

Marco Rubio falsely claims former leaders are prosecuted ‘only in the Third World’

In a short video that appeared on Twitter, U.S. Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., spoke out against the upcoming Senate impeachment trial for former president Donald Trump, comparing it to what one would see "only in the Third World." Trump is facing his second impeachment trial, this time on a charge of incitement of insurrection, after a mob of his supporters rioted at the U.S. Capitol Jan. 6. The Senate trial is scheduled to start the week of Feb. 8. Rubio said that he’d tried everything he could to end the second impeachment trial. "This is terrible for the country. It sets a terrible precedent," Rubio said. "Only in the Third World do you see this habitual use of prosecutions of former leaders. You go through Latin America, virtually every immediate past president is under indictment or in jail." Rubio’s comment met quick pushback on Twitter from people citing prosecutions in the U.S. and other countries. So PolitiFact decided to check his claim that habitual prosecutions of former leaders happen "only in the Third World." And we found several examples to prove he’s wrong. Prosecutions in South Korea, Israel, France, Italy We asked Rubio’s press team for clarity on Rubio’s definition of "Third World," but didn’t get a response. The term, considered by some to be outdated and offensive, has usually been used to describe developing nations in Asia, Africa and Latin America. There is a common theme among some of the former leaders who have been charged or convicted of crimes after leaving office: Generally, they’ve been accused of corruption. But plenty of these cases have taken place in some of the most economically developed countries, including South Korea, Israel, France and Italy. South Korea’s former president Park Geun-hye was impeached and eventually removed from office in 2017. She was convicted in 2018 of bribery and other crimes, and her 20-year prison sentence was upheld this year by the nation’s Supreme Court. Lee Myung-bak, Park’s predecessor as president, is also in prison. In 2018, he was convicted for corruption crimes that happened when he was a presidential candidate and after he took office in 2008. South Korea’s Supreme Court in October upheld a 17-year prison term for Lee. "Almost all of South Korea’s former presidents, as well as many of its business tycoons, have been implicated in recurring corruption scandals. ​Four former presidents have been arrested on corruption charges since the 1990s, including Ms. Park and Mr. Lee," the New York Times reported in October 2020. In Israel, prosecutors have brought criminal charges against two prime ministers in recent years. Benjamin Netanyahu, who is both a current and former prime minister, is facing charges of fraud, breach of trust and accepting bribes in three corruption cases. Ehud Olmert, who served as Israel’s prime minister from 2006 to 2009, was convicted in 2014 of taking bribes while he was mayor of Jerusalem, and convicted in 2012 of breach of trust. In France, Nicolas Sarkozy who was president from 2007 to 2012, just went on trial on charges of corruption and influence-peddling. A verdict is expected in March. Jacques Chirac, president from 1995 to 2007, was convicted in 2011 of embezzling government money when he previously served as mayor of Paris. Chirac’s trial started two years after he left the presidency because courts had ruled he was immune from prosecution while president. In 2013 in Italy, Silvio Berlusconi was expelled from the Senate following a 2012 conviction for tax fraud. Berlusconi had served three terms as Italy’s prime minister, the last one ending in 2011. Rubio’s claim ignores various prosecutions and convictions in the United States of former governors and members of Congress. The Center for Illinois Politics maintains a list of convicted governors from around the country, including Illinois’ own former Gov. Rod Blagojevich, a Democrat who was arrested in 2008 on corruption charges, impeached, removed from office, convicted and sentenced to 14 years in prison. He was freed after Trump commuted his sentence in 2020. In criticizing the Trump impeachment trial, Rubio mentioned Latin American leaders being jailed. But even a conviction in the Senate would not send Trump to jail. The Constitution limits the penalties to removal from office and disqualification from holding future office. Apart from the impeachment, Trump and his family are facing investigations in New York state over their real estate dealings. No charges have been filed. Our ruling Rubio said, "Only in the Third World do you see this habitual use of prosecutions of former leaders." This is not true. Developed countries in Europe and Asia have also prosecuted their former leaders in recent years, mainly for corruption. Two former presidents of South Korea, for example, are currently in prison. We rate Rubio’s claim False.

Criminal Justice,History,Crime,Marco Rubio

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Liz Cheney

2021-04-11 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

A serial killer is targeting women in Hot Springs, Ark.

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-01-29 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/29/kevin-brady/texas-rep-misses-distinction-between-new-and-exist/

Texas congressman overstates job losses tied to ban on new drilling leases

President Joe Biden made good on his promise to take action on curbing U.S. emissions when he issued an executive order halting new oil and gas leases on federal lands and water.   The order, signed Wednesday, directs the Department of the Interior to pause issuing leases to oil and gas companies pending a review of the climate impacts of the department’s leasing and permitting practices. About 22% of U.S. oil production is reliant on federal lands and waters.   Anticipating Biden’s move, U.S. Rep. Kevin Brady, R-Texas, expressed dismay at how a moratorium on leasing would impact jobs in Texas’ oil and gas sector.   "Killing more Texas jobs," Brady said in a Jan. 22 tweet. "After killing #KeystoneXL pipeline, #Biden suspends new oil/gas leasing on fed lands/water. If permanent, 120,000 TX jobs lost. 120,000 MORE jobless. Pssst... aren't you supposed to CREATE jobs?"  Biden’s move will have a disproportionate effect on states with large swaths of federal lands used for oil and gas activity. New Mexico, for instance, has 24 million acres of federal land, or about 32% of the state’s total land mass; Wyoming has 29 million federally owned acres, or about 47% of the state.  Texas, on the other hand, has very little federally-owned land — 3 million acres, or 2% of the state. Nearly half of that is managed by the U.S. National Park Service. As of 2019, about 185,000 acres were under lease for oil and gas production in Texas.  Although most of Texas’ oil and gas industry is based onshore, a sliver of the industry is actively drilling in federal waters in the Gulf of Mexico. As of Jan. 22, there were 16 offshore rigs in the Gulf compared with 175 on Texas land, according to the Baker Hughes rig count. (In February last year, before the coronavirus pandemic dealt major blows to the global oil industry, about 20 rigs were deployed in the Gulf compared to around 400 onshore in Texas.)  With such a small fraction of the state’s industry likely impacted by Biden’s directive, is Brady correct when he says that 120,000 Texas jobs are at stake?  New vs. existing leasing  According to Brady’s aides, the number he cited is pulled from a study released last year by the American Petroleum Institute, an industry trade and lobbyist group. The study estimated that a ban on new and existing leases would cost nearly 1 million jobs by 2022, with top production-states hit the hardest. While Texas would lose 120,000 jobs, New Mexico would lose 62,000 and Wyoming would lose 33,000, the study says.  But the Biden administration’s moratorium on federal land leasing halts only new leases from being issued. Brady’s tweet misses this distinction. He said that the ban on new leasing would cost Texas 120,000 jobs, while the study he cited totaled losses tied to banning both new and existing leases. The petroleum institute hasn’t released estimates of how many jobs will be impacted by Biden’s order. Another group, the Wyoming Energy Authority, released a study last month that determined a ban on new leasing alone would impact 58,700 jobs in the eight states that make up the majority of public land production, which does not include Texas. However, an American Petroleum Institute spokesperson said it's reasonable to expect the administration will expand the ban to include existing leases as well.  "We view this as a first step toward a federal leasing ban that would impact all oil and gas development on federal lands and water," said spokesperson Bethany Aronhalt.  This expectation is based on numerous remarks the president has made on the issue. For instance, during a 2020 primary debate, Biden said "no more drilling on federal lands. No more drilling, including offshore. No ability for the oil industry to continue to drill, period — ends." And Aaronhalt highlighted how Biden's nominee for interior secretary, environmentalist and progressive Deb Haaland of New Mexico, has been unequivocal in her opposition to leasing federal lands and waters to the industry.  "I am wholeheartedly against fracking and drilling on public lands," she told The Guardian in 2019. "Public lands are a statement about who we are as Americans. The most pristine and beautiful places in our country should never belong to one person." Gulf jobs  If Biden did ban all federal leasing — new and existing, onshore and offshore — does Texas stand to lose 120,000 jobs by 2022?  "Most of the Texas impact is due to closing development of the Gulf of Mexico, of the offshore" drilling, said Geoff Brand, Senior Economic Advisor at the American Petroleum Institute.  Drilling in the Gulf of Mexico supports about 300,000 jobs, according to a Bureau of Ocean Energy Management estimate. This figure represents both jobs created directly by industry — like offshore drilling, platform construction and platform staffing — and the jobs indirectly created by the industry, like service companies and other onshore support operations. In economic terms, the 300,000 figure represents jobs created by the industry’s direct, indirect and induced economic impacts.  That workforce is sourced primarily from Texas and Louisiana, each of which contribute about 150,000 workers to the offshore industry, Brand said. The projected 120,000 Texas jobs lost due to a possible ban on new and existing federal leases would impact roughly 80% of Texas’ offshore workforce.  This figure is so high, Brand said, because most jobs are created when the industry spends capital up-front on drilling new wells and constructing new platforms. A complete ban on new leasing or permits would grind that development to a halt.  "If you stop drilling and expanding, then you’re just maintaining production platforms," Brand said. "It's kind of like building a pipeline — you get most the jobs up front when you spend the capitol and build things. It’s when you spend the money that the jobs are created. ... If you're maintaining a platform, you're spending some operational money, but you're not really spending that much."  The American Petroleum Institute’s study is based on the National Energy Modeling System, a model of domestic energy markets created by the U.S. Energy Information Administration. The model bases employment numbers on the industry’s rate of spending. The harder it becomes for producers to obtain leases and permits, the less they’re spending on development, which, as a result, sheds jobs.   The methodology behind the institute’s analysis is unobjectionable, according to Karr Ingham, a petroleum economist with the Texas Alliance of Energy Producers.  "If that activity is just stopped wholesale, what do you think's going to happen to those jobs?" he said.  "Even someone who's utterly opposed to energy production, offshore production, federal lands production, whatever the case may be, taking issue with the way they went about this (analysis) would be a difficult proposition. They started with a sound model and went through sound processes to end up with state-level impacts," Ingham said.  Although the industry will adjust to Biden’s directive by reallocating resources to drilling on non-federal lands and waters, those adjustments will be gradual and may not impact short-term economic projections.   Similarly, it will take time for jobs in the fossil fuel industry to be replaced by jobs created in new energy sectors. The administration has stressed the importance of green job creation as it shrinks the fossil fuel sector. Biden’s Build Back Better economic recovery plan pledges to "create millions of good-paying union jobs" by building a "clean energy economy."  But Ingham says it will take time before these new industries are replacing lost fossil fuel jobs on a one-to-one ratio.  "If a job gets lost some time in the next 12 months, what are you going to replace that job with? Where are those folks going to go" Ingham said. "It's not like for every job you eliminate in the oil and gas sector, a green energy job springs up on the other side."  Our ruling  Anticipating Biden’s move to ban leasing on federal lands and waters, Brady said that a permanent ban on new leasing will cost Texas 120,000 jobs.  Brady pulled that number from a report released last year by the American Petroleum Institute. However, the institute said that the 120,000 figure is based on a ban of both new and existing federal leases, which is more far-reaching than Biden’s actions so far. Brady’s comment ignores that distinction.   Otherwise, the 120,000 job losses projected by the institute’s analysis is accurate given that it was based on modeling from the federal National Energy Modeling System.  We rate this claim Half True. 

Climate Change,Jobs,Texas,Kevin Brady

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2021-04-11 00:00:00

remarks:

"Only in the Third World do you see this habitual use of prosecutions of former leaders.”

Miriam Valverde

2021-01-29 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/29/joe-biden/joe-biden-clean-energy-provide-84-new-electric-pow/

Joe Biden: Clean energy to provide 84% of new electric power this year

In his rollout of major actions on climate change, President Joe Biden laid out his 2035 goal to see an electricity sector that puts zero carbon into the air. Biden emphasized that the change is underway. "Already, 84% of all new electric capacity planned to come onto the electric grid this year is clean energy," Biden said Jan. 27. "Why?  Because it’s affordable; because it’s clean; because, in many cases, it’s cheaper." The part about 84% of new electricity capacity being clean energy stood out, and we dug into it. The latest government data backs him up. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the new electric capacity slated to come online in 2021, measured in total gigawatts, will be 39% solar, 31% wind, 11% from batteries, and 3% nuclear. That’s where Biden got his 84%. Do those sources really amount to "clean" energy? There’s a separate debate over nuclear power, because while it’s carbon-free, there’s the long term problem of nuclear waste. But that aside, there’s also room to question the inclusion of battery power, as the federal government does. "Batteries probably shouldn’t be in the total," said energy economist Kenneth Gillingham with Yale University. "They are not actually generating electricity. They are simply storing it for use at other times." Gillingham underscored that the link between batteries and renewables is strong, because batteries are vital to building the market for solar and wind power. But today, he said, batteries could well be charged with fossil-fuel powered electricity. Taking batteries out of the total, at least 70% of the new electric power capacity is carbon-free, which isn’t too far from what Biden said. Still, while electricity from wind and solar has grown rapidly, it represents only about 10% of the national total. Fossil fuels power over 60% of the nation’s electricity supply.  A largely consistent trend A peek at the details of the latest government report shows a surge of new renewable power coming online in December 2021. The Solar Energy Industries Association, a trade group, said that’s a result of federal investment tax credits. Those credits let  facility owners deduct a percentage of the project cost from their taxes. Until Congress changed the law at the end of 2020, that particular financial incentive was due to drop from 22% in 2021 to 10% in 2022. With millions of dollars in play, companies didn’t want to lose the 12-point difference and moved projects along as quickly as they could. The experts we reached said several factors led the country to see less new capacity fueled by natural gas, and more by renewables. On top of the tax credits, technology improvements, state and local level policies to boost renewable power and demand from utilities and industry combined to make renewables the leading option. The 2021 number is no outlier. There have been ups and downs, but over the past 10 years, renewables have averaged over 57% of new utility-scale electric capacity. Susan Tierney, senior adviser with the private consulting firm Analysis Group in Denver, said Biden’s statistic shows progress on the climate change front, but it also underscores how much remains to be done. "It is clear that there will need to be continued, and accelerated, additions of renewables, storage, and other zero-carbon technologies in upcoming years, in order to decarbonize the electric system," Tierney said. "The 84% increase is just one more year’s increment, and many multiples of that amount will be needed." Our ruling Biden said that 84% of new electric capacity scheduled to come online in 2021 was from clean energy. The number is credible, but it includes 11% from battery storage. Batteries are essential to the expansion of wind and solar power, but they are not necessarily "clean" energy sources; they could be charged with electricity produced from fossil fuels. Taking batteries out of the equation still leaves a total of about 70% from wind and solar. However, renewables remain a lesser slice of electricity supply. About 60% of the nation’s electric power comes from fossil fuels. We rate this claim Mostly True.  

National,Climate Change,Energy,Joe Biden

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Kevin Brady

2021-01-22 00:00:00

remarks when sign

“84% of all new electric capacity planned to come onto the electric grid this year is clean energy.”

Jon Greenberg

2021-01-29 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/29/facebook-posts/troops-werent-sent-europe-free-trafficked-children/

Troops weren’t sent to Europe to free trafficked children and arrest ‘deep state cabal members’

Social media users are circulating claims that thousands of U.S. troops were deployed to Europe in March to rescue children and arrest members of the "deep state."  The claims are part of a 15-minute video riddled with conspiracy theories about everything from hydroxychloroquine to Bill Gates’ investments.  "In March 2020, the United States deployed 30,000 troops to Europe to assist with the excavation of 'DUMBS' — also known as Deep Underground Military Bases," the unidentified narrator of the video said. "This was action to free child-trafficked children and arrest deep state cabal members."  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The U.S. deployed thousands of troops to Europe in early 2020, but there is no evidence for claims that those troops or any other U.S. troops were tasked with excavating secret military bases, freeing trafficked children or arresting "deep state cabal members."  These allegations are tied to the baseless QAnon conspiracy theory, which claims that prominent Democrats and Hollywood celebrities are Satan-worshipping, cannibalistic pedophiles, and that there was a "deep state" plot against President Donald Trump’s efforts to bring them to justice. As early as January 2020, the U.S. Army began moving equipment and deploying thousands of troops to Europe in preparation for a joint military exercise known as Defender-Europe 20.  The exercise was a "U.S.-led multinational exercise, including NATO's participation," according to NATO’s official website. It was scheduled to be the "largest deployment of U.S.-based forces to Europe in more than 25 years with 20,000 soldiers deployed directly from the U.S. to Europe." The exercise was meant to demonstrate the U.S.’s commitment to NATO and "to build strategic readiness by deploying a combat credible force to Europe" according to the U.S. European Command. By March, however, the Army announced that the exercise would be modified "in size and scope" because of growing concerns about the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus. All movement of troops and equipment from the U.S. to Europe was stopped, the Army said in its press release. Additionally, the Army said most — but not quite all — of the planned exercises that would have been part of Defender-Europe 20 were canceled. "We anticipate the armored brigade combat team already deployed to Europe will conduct gunnery and other combined training events with Allies as part of a modified Allied Spirit exercise," the Army said in its statement. "Forces already deployed to Europe for other linked exercises will return to the United States." Asked about the video’s claim, a NATO official said it was false. "There has been a substantial amount of fake news and propaganda directed towards the exercise over the past year," the official said. "The false claims made in the video have zero basis in reality." Our ruling A video shared on Facebook claimed, "In March 2020 the United States deployed 30,000 troops to Europe to ... free child trafficked children and arrest deep state cabal members." U.S. troops were deployed to Europe in preparation for a joint military exercise with European allies that was later scaled back due to the coronavirus. There is no evidence that any U.S. forces were deployed to Europe to free trafficked children or arrest "deep state cabal members."  We rate this claim False.

Military,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Joe Biden

2021-01-27 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Joe Biden canceled the Keystone pipeline because Warren Buffett “donated $58 million” to his campaign.

Tom Kertscher

2021-01-29 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/28/facebook-posts/biden-fracking-policy-still-doesnt-amount-full-ban/

Biden fracking policy still doesn’t amount to full ban

An old campaign attack continues to dog President Joe Biden. A Jan. 25 post on Facebook juxtaposes two news articles: one from the Washington Post and one from Townhall, a conservative news site. The former article says Biden won’t ban fracking, while the latter says he "followed through" with a ban. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  Throughout the 2020 presidential election, we fact-checked many claims that Biden would ban fracking, a process used to extract oil and gas from the ground. Several of them misrepresented his position, so we wanted to take a closer look at this post. (Screenshot from Facebook) We found that it, too, distorts Biden’s actions by making them appear more sweeping than they really are. In short, Biden is doing what he said he would do if elected — that is, ban new fracking on federal land. On his first day, Biden signed an executive order that put a hold on all oil and gas development in the Alaska National Wildlife Refuge. On Jan. 27, he signed an additional executive order that pauses new oil and gas leases on federal land, effectively banning new fracking there for as long as the policy lasts. His moves leave current fracking untouched. Headlines don’t tell the story Let’s take a closer look at the Facebook post. The top of it shows the headline of a Washington Post fact-check published in early October. It debunked a Trump campaign ad that said, if elected president, Biden said he will end fracking. The headline: "Trump campaign promotes false claim that Biden would end fracking." The second article in the Facebook post purportedly shows "what Biden is doing," and was published by Town Hall on Jan. 20. Its headline said: "Biden Administration: Yes, We Are Following Through With a Fracking Ban." The Townhall article covers an interaction at the first press briefing of the Biden administration. (The article more accurately explains the type of fracking that Biden promised to block.) On Jan. 20, White House press secretary Jen Psaki answered a reporter’s question about the executive order that Biden signed that day about Alaska oil and gas drilling. Here’s the exchange, in context: Reporter: "President Biden promised to end all new oil and gas leasing on federal lands when he was a candidate. The order that you just mentioned that he signed today was much narrower than that — it's a temporary moratorium and it only applies to (the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge). And there is some debate about whether he has the legal flexibility to even follow through with his full promise. Does the administration still have that commitment today? Psaki: "We do, and the leases will be reviewed by our team. We just have only been in office for less than a day now" What Biden signed was an executive order that paused the federal government’s implementation of the Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The Trump-era program, passed as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, directed the Interior Department to issue leases for drilling oil and natural gas in the refuge’s coastal plain. Biden’s order also reinstated an Obama-era policy that withdrew certain areas of the Arctic from consideration for oil drilling. "The Secretary (of the Interior) shall review the program and, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, conduct a new, comprehensive analysis of the potential environmental impacts of the oil and gas program," Biden’s executive order says. Biden’s move tracked with his climate change plan, which calls for banning fracking on federal lands but not all fracking. RELATED: Biden Promise Tracker On Jan. 27 — after the Facebook post and Townhall article were published — Biden signed an additional executive order that directs the interior secretary to "pause new oil and natural gas leases on public lands or in offshore waters pending completion of a comprehensive review." It would effectively prevent new fracking projects on federal land. The Interior Department said the order "does not impact existing operations or permits for valid, existing leases, which are continuing to be reviewed and approved." Biden reiterated that point in remarks to the press. "Let me be clear, and I know this always comes up: We're not going to ban fracking," he said. Our ruling The Facebook post says Biden is "following through with a fracking ban." That’s not quite right. Biden has signed two executive orders related to land leases for oil and natural gas drilling. One order pauses new leases specifically in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, while the other pauses new leases on all federal land. Neither ban existing fracking operations, and Biden has said repeatedly that he does not intend to do so. The Facebook post contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False.

National,Climate Change,Energy,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-27 00:00:00

a viral video:

"In March 2020 the United States deployed 30,000 troops to Europe to ... free child-trafficked children and arrest deep state cabal members."

Madison Czopek

2021-01-28 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/28/facebook-posts/no-proof-biden-orders-caused-sudden-corn-soybean-p/

No proof Biden orders caused sudden corn, soybean price drops

During his first 48 hours in office, President Joe Biden signed a record number of executive orders and has continued issuing more, with many aimed at fighting the coronavirus pandemic or reversing orders issued by President Donald Trump. Did any of Biden’s initial orders cost farmers a bushel full of cash by causing the price of corn and soybeans to plummet over 48 hours? That’s the claim made in a widely shared Facebook post. The post  is an image of a Jan. 23 tweet that was shared more than 30,000 times on Twitter and reads:  "Soybean price is down 70 cents per bushel in the last two days. Corn is down 50 cents per bushel in two days. For those who don’t know, a small farmer like me working 1,000 acres just lost $100,000 on a 200 bushel per acre average corn crop thanks to Biden’s executive orders." The Facebook post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) There has been a sudden drop in these commodity prices, though arguably less than what the post claims. But experts PolitiFact spoke to said they saw no evidence that any of Biden’s orders, which have the force of law, were the cause of the changes, given that prices have been running high.  It’s not clear which of Biden’s early orders the post might be blaming. A Jan. 22 order asks the Department of Agriculture to consider expanding and extending federal nutrition assistance programs. Market was due for correction; other factors in play Looking at changes between Jan. 20 — the date of Biden’s inauguration and his first executive orders — to Jan. 23, the date of the tweet — soybean prices dropped 58 or 59 cents and corn prices 19 or 22 cents per bushel, depending on the contract, said Ben Brown, an agricultural and applied economics professor at the University of Missouri.  Brown said the abrupt declines were not surprising, because prices have recently exceeded $13 per bushel for soybeans and $5 per bushel for corn, as crop supplies have been tight.  "Corn and soybean markets built strong gains in the markets over the last couple months with no major correction, leaving them vulnerable to last week’s action," he said. "I find no evidence to suggest that Biden’s executive orders caused the dramatic decrease" in prices, Brown said, noting that most of the orders "were already known and any impact to commodity markets were built in." Looking at price changes another way — between Jan. 21 and 22, the two days after the first executive orders — the declines were 79 or 84 cents on soybeans, depending on the contract, and 26 to 28 cents on corn, said Aaron Smith, professor of agricultural and resource economics at the University of Tennessee. "Markets are simultaneously digesting data from multiple sources, so attributing declines or increases to one event over a three-day period should be done cautiously," Smith said. Because corn and soybean prices have been rising since August, driven by strong export sales, global weather concerns and other factors, "a short-term correction and price consolidation was overdue," he said.  Many factors led to the price declines during Biden’s first days in office, Smith said, including beneficial rainfall and weather forecasts in South America; COVID-19 concerns related to new strains of the virus and a slower than expected pace of vaccinations; selling based on profit taking; and the change in the presidential administration. Our ruling A widely shared Facebook post showing a picture of a tweet claimed that soybeans dropped 70 cents and corn 50 cents per bushel in two days, causing farmers to lose big money, "thanks to Biden’s executive orders." The prices of both commodities did drop significantly, though arguably less than the post claims, during Biden’s first days in office. But two experts said they saw no evidence that any of the orders issued by Biden during those first days caused the price drops. The experts said the drops were not surprising, given that prices for both commodities had been running high, and that multiple factors were at play. We rate the post Mostly False.

Agriculture,Food,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-26 00:00:00

an image:

Says Joe Biden is “following through with a fracking ban.”

Daniel Funke

2021-01-28 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/28/facebook-posts/no-bidens-didnt-invest-their-family-fortune-ukrani/

No, the Bidens didn’t invest their family fortune in Ukranian oil and gas

Hunter Biden’s background in the Ukraine energy sector was a recurring target of critics during his father’s 2020 presidential campaign. And today, on social media at least, this son’s history in Ukraine has followed Joe Biden into the White House. "Biden invested the entire family fortune in Ukraine gas and oil. Then shuts down Keystone pipeline. Starting to get the picture," said a Jan. 23 Facebook post with white text on a blue background.  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook, which owns.) At root, the post claims that Biden has made a policy move to enrich himself. But the post spins a few unrelated bits of evidence into an inaccurate assertion. (The White House did not respond to an inquiry for this article.) Hunter Biden and Ukraine Hunter Biden, who co-founded a business consulting firm, held a directorship for a Ukrainian gas company, Burisma Holdings, while his father was serving as vice president. In 2015, Viktor Shokin, Ukraine’s top prosecutor general, was in charge of investigating corruption associated with Burisma owner Mykola Zlochevsky. But several Western leaders, activists and institutions argued Shokin was not pursuing corruption aggressively enough. They were largely united in seeking Shokin’s removal. As vice president, Joe Biden urged Ukraine to fire Shokin, and threatened to withhold U.S. aid. But we’ve found no evidence to support the idea that Joe Biden advocated with his son's interests in mind. Biden’s position was that of the U.S. government and its allies. It’s not clear that the company would have benefited from Shokin’s ouster anyway, given evidence that investigations into Burisma had long been dormant. The episode became part of President Donald Trump’s first impeachment in 2019 after news reports surfaced about a phone call in which he pressured Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky, using U.S. military aid to Ukraine as leverage, to target the Bidens, which would have helped Trump’s reelection campaign. Trump was impeached, but the Senate did not sustain a conviction. The Keystone XL pipeline On Jan. 20, Biden signed an order that revoked the permit for the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline. The Keystone XL pipeline is an international project years in the making. The 875-mile pipeline was intended to carry a heavy crude oil mixture from Western Canada to Steele City, Neb., where it would connect with another leg stretching to Gulf Coast refineries. Environmental groups have long opposed the pipeline, both on its merits and as a symbol of fossil fuel dependency.  Biden’s order revokes the permit that was granted March 29, 2019, by then-President Donald Trump on the grounds that it is harmful to the environment. Without support from the U.S. government, it’s effectively halted. Backers of expanded petroleum development expressed criticism of Biden’s decision, as well as other actions he’s taken that curb expansion of oil and gas drilling.  The blocking of Keystone XL fits with Biden’s focus on curbing the long-term use of fossil fuels as a way to reduce climate change. Biden’s investments By law, presidential candidates need to file financial disclosure forms to give the public a sense of their holdings and, potentially, where conflicts of interest may lie. Biden filed such a form in 2020 covering himself and his wife Jill, and the form gives no indication that he’s invested in any specific Ukrainian oil or gas entity, much less that he’s gone all in with his fortune on such an investment. On the form, Biden reported income from the University of Pennsylvania as well as a corporation he used as a vehicle for funneling income he made from speeches and appearances. He also listed bank accounts and diversified mutual funds as assets. It’s also well known that Biden, throughout his adulthood, has funneled income into real estate. While the properties he owns are not listed on the disclosure form, a Jan. 20 article by Town & Country magazine cited two homes the family owns, one in Greenville, Del., and a second in Rehoboth Beach, Del. There is no evidence that any portion of Joe and Jill Biden’s assets are invested in Ukrainian gas and oil, much less that he canceled the pipeline in order to make his investments more valuable. (It’s also not clear that canceling Keystone XL would have had that effect on the Ukrainian oil and gas sector.) We rate the statement False.

Candidate Biography,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-01-25 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Soybeans dropped 70 cents and corn 50 cents per bushel in two days, causing farmers to lose big money, “thanks to Biden’s executive orders.”

Tom Kertscher

2021-01-28 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/28/scott-walker/walker-overreaches-claiming-senate-cant-convict-tr/

Walker overreaches claiming Senate can’t convict Trump after departure

Former President Donald Trump is staring down his second impeachment trial in as many years, but uncertainty looms over the unprecedented proceedings. That’s because despite 245 years of history and 21 past impeachments by the U.S. House, the country has no direct precedent for an impeachment trial of a president who has left office. The House impeached Trump Jan. 13, 2021, for his role inciting the Capitol mob on Jan. 6. A trial is set to begin Feb. 8 in the U.S. Senate, but, of course, Trump has since departed the White House, having lost the 2020 election to Joe Biden. The resulting procedural question has given rise to an array of claims about what exactly the U.S. Constitution says on the matter, including one from former Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker. "The U.S. Senate cannot convict a former President," the longtime Republican politician said in a Facebook post Jan. 26. He then repeated the sentence nine more times for emphasis. Walker also repeated the claim on Twitter, truncated to four repetitions due to the 280-character limit. But if 2020 taught us anything, it’s that saying something over and over on the internet doesn’t make it true. So let’s take a closer look. Arguments on both sides Despite the confident assertion from Walker — now president of Young America’s Foundation, which seeks to introduce young people to conservative values — this is far from a settled topic. The core Constitutional section here is Article II, Section 4, which says, "The President, Vice President and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors." Article I specifies the two potential penalties in play are removal from office and disqualification from holding federal office in the future. Removal is obviously off the table at this point, but disqualification is a highly relevant consequence given Trump is said to be considering a 2024 run for president. The nonpartisan Congressional Research Service dove deep into the precedent and constitutional interpretation in a Jan. 15 publication. They summarized their findings this way: "The Constitution does not directly address whether Congress may impeach and try a former President for actions taken while in office," the six-page brief said. "Though the text is open to debate, it appears that most scholars who closely examined the question have concluded that Congress has authority to extend the impeachment process to officials who are no longer in office." Some key points the publication lists in support of a trial for a former president: In 1876, the Senate ruled a former secretary of war could face an impeachment trial for actions taken in office even though he had since resigned (more on this in a bit). The U.S. impeachment process was set up with the British system in mind, where former officials could be impeached. The framers made many "highly specific decisions about the impeachment process that departed from the British practice" but "chose not to explicitly rule out impeachment after an official leaves office." Many scholars have argued simple logic dictates impeachment remain an option. If impeachment didn’t extend to someone no longer in office, any official could elude punishment by simply committing offenses late enough in the term, or by resigning once the impeachment process began. And Congress could never bar an official from holding future office as long as that person resigns first. In the only discussion of the timing of impeachment at the Constitutional Convention of 1787, most members took it for granted that the President would be impeachable after he left office. Former President John Quincy Adams clearly interpreted this as a non-expiring penalty. While serving as a Congressman after leaving the White House in 1846, he told Congress, "I hold myself, so long as I have the breath of life in my body, amenable to impeachment by this House for everything I did during the time I held any public office."  Key points against a trial for a former president The plain text of the Constitution, that "[t]he President, Vice President and all Civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment ... and Conviction," could be read literally as only applying to officials who are holding office during impeachment proceedings. U.S. Supreme Court Justice Joseph Story wrote in his influential Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States (1833) that impeachment doesn’t apply to officials who have left their position because removal is no longer necessary. Supporting his claim, Walker leaned on the literal interpretation argument. "The (constitutional) language does not refer to a former President," Walker said in a statement to PolitiFact Wisconsin. "Furthermore … the language clearly defines the judgement as ‘removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office’ and it does not separate the two issues. The judgement is both, not either or." We’ll note this and/or argument falls flat, however, as it flies in the face of history. The Senate has convicted and removed eight officials, but it chose to ban only three of them from holding future office. If the two were inextricably tied as Walker suggests, all eight would have been banned. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer is among those who have leaned on the logic argument. "It makes no sense whatsoever that a president or an official could commit a heinous crime against our country and then defeat Congress’ impeachment powers … by simply resigning," Schumer, D-New  York, said on the Senate floor on Jan. 26. Mitt Romney, the only Republican senator to vote to convict Trump in his first impeachment, told CNN Jan. 24, "I think it's pretty clear that the effort is constitutional" based on legal opinions he has reviewed. That viewpoint conflicts with most other Republican senators. John Fortier, a specialist on Congress at the American Enterprise Institute, told PolitiFact National the problem is that "the constitutional language is not specific either way." He noted Schumer and Republican Rand Paul, R-Kentucky, both cited constitutional passages in arguing the two sides. 1876 impeachment may provide key precedent Historical precedent is of particular importance when the Constitution doesn’t specify a course of action, and there is some in this case. The highest-profile suspension of an impeachment process involved President Richard Nixon. No Senate vote was taken because Nixon resigned after an impeachment vote from the House. The remaining possible penalty — a ban from holding federal office — didn’t apply since Nixon had already served two terms, making any Senate action moot. That also makes the situation a poor analogue for the pending Trump impeachment. An 1876 case provides clearer parallels, however. William Belknap, secretary of war under President Ulysses S. Grant, was brought up for impeachment by the House, but he hastily resigned hours before the House voted to impeach him. When the matter moved to the Senate, Belknap argued the Senate had no jurisdiction since by the time the impeachment vote came up he "was, (and) ever since hath been, and now is, a private citizen." The Senate disagreed. By a roll-call vote of 37-29, the Senate ruled Belknap was "amenable to trial by impeachment for acts done as Secretary of War, notwithstanding his resignation of said office before he was impeached." In the end Belknap was acquitted, with 22 of the senators who supported acquittal saying they did so on the grounds that his resignation barred impeachment. So the Senate conclusion was not unanimous or unambiguous, but it was passed and supported by the majority of the body. Wrapping it up Applying Belknap to the present situation, there’s a case that the argument for trying Trump is even stronger than for Belknap, since Trump was impeached by the House while he was still in office, noted Brian Kalt, a law professor at Michigan State University, who wrote a 2001 paper on the subject. But there’s an even simpler argument for this being constitutional: The current Senate said so. In a similar vote to that on Belknap’s objection, the Senate on Jan. 26 voted 55-45 to table an objection from Paul that a trial of a private citizen violates the Constitution.  Constitutional matters in this vein are traditionally left to the branches of government to interpret on their own, rather than relying on the courts, the Congressional Research Service says. It described the tradition this way: "The Supreme Court has noted not only that ‘each branch of the Government must initially interpret the Constitution’ when performing their ‘assigned constitutional duties,’ but also that once one branch develops a construction of its own powers, that interpretation ‘is due great respect from the others.’ This principle of developing constitutional meaning outside of the courts is especially applicable in the context of impeachment, where the manner by which the House and Senate exercise their powers has been largely immune from judicial review." Our ruling Walker said on social media that "The U.S. Senate cannot convict a former President." There is constitutional ambiguity on this point. That’s something the Democrat-led Senate itself will decide as it steps into new historical territory considering the impeachment of a president after leaving office. But we know at this point in history it’s an overreach to claim this is a settled matter, as Walker does here. If anything, the needle is pointing in the other direction based on the preponderance of legal opinion, Senate precedent and the Jan. 26 vote. We rate this claim Mostly False.

Congress,Wisconsin,Scott Walker

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2055]

Facebook posts

2021-01-24 00:00:00

on social media:

“Biden invested the entire family fortune in Ukraine gas and oil. Then shuts down Keystone pipeline. Starting to get the picture.”

Louis Jacobson

2021-01-28 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/04/national-association-gun-rights/no-rubios-red-flag-bill-would-not-allow-gun-confis/

No, Rubio’s ‘red-flag’ bill would not allow gun confiscation without due process

A bipartisan bill aimed at helping states curb gun violence is under attack from a national gun rights group claiming that it calls for confiscation of weapons "based on unsubstantiated accusations" and "without due process." The attack on the bill and its lead sponsor, Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., is made in an image shared on Facebook by the National Association for Gun Rights. The Colorado-based advocacy group has more than 4 million followers on Facebook.  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Rubio’s bill would give grants to states to adopt and implement what are known as extreme-risk protection-order laws, or "red flag" laws. Under the bill, a court could order the immediate confiscation of a person’s guns on an emergency basis if the person is judged to be a "significant danger" to himself or herself, or to others, "in the near future."  But the post and the information it links to are misleading. The bill, in fact, spells out a process that calls for sworn testimony and court hearings.  Post links to petition, more claims The headline in the image in the Facebook post is: "STOP ‘red flag’ gun confiscation." The rest of the post says:  "‘Red flag’ gun confiscation bills call for legally owned firearms to be forcibly confiscated from law-abiding Americans without due process, based on unsubstantiated accusations from disgruntled family members, neighbors, co-workers, and/or current or ex-romantic partners, or roommates. In other words: Gun confiscation without due process. Sign the petition to stop S.292!" It links to a petition that claims the bill "would use YOUR tax dollars to fund grants to bribe states into passing ‘Red Flag’ Gun Confiscation." The group and Rubio’s office did not reply to our request for additional comment. Rubio’s bill This is Rubio’s second time proposing a red flag bill. The first was a month after the Feb. 14, 2018, shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Fla., in which a 19-year-old former student with a semi-automatic rifle killed 17 people and injured 14 more. News stories reported that there had been warning signs about the shooter, including calls about him to 911 and the FBI, threatening statements he allegedly made and the fact he had a gun. The original bill did not come up for a vote.  Rubio introduced a new version on Feb. 8, 2021. S.292, the Extreme Risk Protection Order and Violence Prevention Act, is cosponsored by Sens. Rick Scott, R-Fla.; Jack Reed, D-R.I.; and Angus King, I-Maine. The bill was referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee, but no other action has been taken. Florida is among states that already have red flag laws; it took effect in March 2018. Getting a confiscation order Due process broadly refers to the formal proceedings and rules that ensure that the law is administered fairly and reasonably.  Under due process requirements of a criminal case, for example, a person must be given notice of the charges, be allowed to present evidence on their own behalf and receive a decision from a neutral decision maker.  The due process requirements in a given case can vary, though, based on the circumstances or type of proceeding.  To get an extreme-risk protection order under the Rubio bill, a law enforcement officer, family member or household member would have to petition a court with a sworn affidavit stating why the person "poses a significant danger of causing personal injury to himself or herself or others" by possessing a gun.  The petitioner can be someone who has a child in common with the person, a current or former dating partner, or someone who lived with the person in the past year. An initial hearing would be held the same day or on the next business day to consider the evidence. The bill says a court could consider evidence such as:  A threat or act of violence by the respondent in the past 12 months; Evidence of a serious mental illness; Past convictions for violent crimes; Threats or use of weapons against himself or herself or others; Recurring use or threat of use of physical force or stalking another person; Corroborated evidence of drug or alcohol abuse; Other relevant information from family or household members; or, Sworn witness testimony. If the court finds "clear and convincing evidence" of significant danger "in the near future," it can order that the guns be temporarily confiscated.  The person with the gun does not have a right to be present for the hearing, or even notified of it, said David Kopel, an adjunct law professor at the University of Denver and an adjunct scholar at the Cato Institute.  However, the court must schedule another hearing within 14 days to determine whether the order should be extended, for up to 12 months. The respondent has the right to participate in that hearing. Our ruling The National Association for Gun Rights stated that "Rubio's 'red flag' gun confiscation bill" calls for guns to be confiscated "without due process, based on unsubstantiated accusations." The bill would provide grants to states to enact and implement red flag laws that would allow for courts to order the temporary confiscation of guns from people judged to be a danger to themselves or others because of their gun possession.  In an emergency, based on clear and convincing evidence, a court can order the temporary confiscation of a gun without the person possessing the gun attending a court hearing.  But the bill spells out due process requirements, including sworn testimony and evidence to be presented at the initial hearing, as well as another hearing that’s open to the respondent to determine if a confiscation order should be extended. The statement contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression — our definition of Mostly False.

Civil Rights,Legal Issues,Government Regulation,Florida,Facebook Fact-checks,Guns,National Association for Gun Rights

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Facebook posts

2021-01-23 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“The U.S. Senate cannot convict a former President.”

Eric Litke

2021-01-28 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/04/rachel-maddow/what-trump-said-encourage-covid-19-vaccine-use/

What Trump said to encourage COVID-19 vaccine use

One day after former President Donald Trump urged Americans to "go get your shot," the New York Times reported that he and first lady Melania Trump had quietly received their own COVID-19 vaccines on their way out of the White House in January. The news rankled MSNBC host Rachel Maddow, who criticized Trump as having failed to promote the vaccines during his time in the White House. "While he was president, President Trump never encouraged Americans to get vaccinated," Maddow said March 1 on her prime-time TV show. "Now we know that he himself took the vaccine in secret and never told anyone. What possible benefit was there to him to keep that secret from the public?" "I mean, think about all the good that could have done," Maddow continued, citing recent polling that showed vaccine hesitancy is disproportionately high among Republican voters. Trump had been a vaccine skeptic for years before he entered the White House.  His under-the-radar vaccination marked a divergence from the example set by other officials who got their vaccines in front of TV cameras, including President Joe Biden, Vice President Kamala Harris and former Vice President Mike Pence. But is it true that as president, Trump "never encouraged Americans to get vaccinated," as Maddow claimed? In short, no. Trump’s public comments about the vaccines were typically in reference to his administration’s efforts to fast-track their development. But in several cases, he touted the life-saving potential of the vaccines. And in a tweet, Trump gave the encouragement Maddow said he never did during his time in the White House. "The Vaccine and the Vaccine rollout are getting the best of reviews," Trump tweeted Dec. 17, one day before the Food and Drug Administration cleared a second vaccine for use. "Moving along really well. Get those ‘shots’ everyone!" A screenshot of former President Donald Trump's Dec. 17 tweet about COVID-19 vaccines. (Factba.se) MSNBC did not offer comment for this fact-check. But after PolitiFact reached out, Maddow showed Trump’s December tweet on air as part of a correction.  "I thought when we reported last night that while he was president, he had actually never told Americans to get vaccinated," Maddow said March 2. "It turns out he did say, in one tweet in December, that everybody should get their shots." What Trump said, and what he didn’t say Maddow’s original comments echoed the New York Times’ report about Trump’s private vaccination. The newspaper wrote that Trump’s "go get your shot" comment at the Conservative Political Action Conference Feb. 28 was "the first time he encouraged people to go get vaccinated," and that "he never publicly encouraged people to take it while he was in office." That is not accurate. The New York Times did not respond to requests for comment. PolitiFact reviewed months of Trump’s vaccine comments using Factba.se, an interactive transcript website that tracked his public statements throughout his presidency. Trump’s "get those ‘shots’ everyone" comment from December was a specific example we found of him publicly and explicitly urging people to get vaccinated. But the former president signaled his support in many other ways, expressing hope that the vaccines, once tested and approved, would end the pandemic and help bring about a return to normal life.  For months leading up to the arrival of the first vaccines, Trump feverishly claimed credit for their quick development. At campaign rallies, he told supporters a vote for Biden would "delay the vaccine," while a vote for him would result in a vaccine to "quickly eradicate the virus." As clinical trials were getting underway, Trump said in a September press conference that he "encourage(d) everybody to enroll, as many people as we can," in the trials. The vaccines, he said, should go first to frontline workers, the elderly and people with underlying medical conditions. They would not be mandated, he said, but they would be widely available. Trump attended a White House summit celebrating the expected approval of the first vaccines. "Every American who wants the vaccine will be able to get the vaccine," Trump said Dec. 8. Even as he repeatedly claimed, falsely, that the U.S. was rounding the corner on the pandemic without vaccines, Trump continued to tout the progress on development, saying at one October rally: "We have unbelievable vaccines that are coming out real soon." By the time the first vaccine was cleared for use, Trump had lost his reelection bid, and his public comments focused more on promoting false claims about the election. A few weeks later, following the U.S. Capitol riot, Trump was barred from Twitter, his preferred communication tool. Top government officials publicly urged him to encourage people to get the vaccine, and White House press secretary Kayleigh McEnany promised he would do so because "he wants to see all Americans get this vaccine." But behind the scenes, Trump declined to be the face of the vaccination campaign, instead letting Pence handle the load, the Associated Press reported.  Trump was vague about when he would be inoculated, writing in a Dec. 14 tweet, "I am not scheduled to take the vaccine, but look forward to doing so at the appropriate time." But Trump also celebrated the rollout of the vaccines on Twitter. He repeatedly said that the vaccine was a "miracle," that it was "safe and effective," and that it would end the pandemic. "It will save millions of lives, and soon end the pandemic once and for all," Trump said Dec. 11, the day the FDA authorized the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for use. "These vaccines are also very safe," Trump continued. "American citizens participated in clinical trials that were far larger than normal, and had no serious side effects. The dedicated and independent experts at the FDA meticulously studied the results of the trials, and it has now passed the gold standard of safety."  In remarks toward the end of the year, Trump said the world would benefit from the vaccines and held up the rollout as a historic medical achievement. Some health experts said Trump could have done more. Peter Hotez, from the Baylor College of Medicine, said on CNN that if Trump had regularly encouraged Americans to take the vaccine, it would have made a "big difference," especially among his followers, who have relatively high vaccine skepticism, polling shows. "If the president had been out there touting the impact of vaccines, we would have melted away a lot of that chunk of vaccine hesitancy and vaccine refusal, I believe," Hotez said. Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease expert, said he wasn’t aware that Trump got vaccinated. He called it a "lost opportunity" to persuade vaccine hesitant people to get shots. "That would’ve been an extraordinarily good opportunity to get a signal to the people who would clearly have listened to him the way they listened to him in many other ways," said Fauci, who got his own shot on camera. "He has a great deal of influence." Our ruling Maddow said, "While he was president, President Trump never encouraged Americans to get vaccinated." Trump expressed confidence in the vaccines and vaccination in many different ways — on Twitter and in public remarks — touting their life-saving potential and saying they would be safe and available to all.  We rate Maddow’s claim False. UPDATED, March 4, 2:26 p.m.: This fact-check was updated to reflect Maddow’s on-air correction on March 2. The rating is not changed.

Public Health,Pundits,PunditFact,Coronavirus,Rachel Maddow

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Scott Walker

2021-01-26 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Facebook recently logged users out to track their “off Facebook activity” involving bank accounts, emails and other apps.

Samantha Putterman

2021-03-04 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/04/gordon-hintz/no-unemployment-not-fake-crisis-wisconsin/

No, unemployment is not a 'fake' crisis in Wisconsin

The floundering unemployment system has been an ongoing thorn in Wisconsin’s side, as the outdated system has staggered beneath the weight of a pandemic-fueled surge in claims. It has provided yet another excuse for partisan finger-pointing, with Republicans blaming Democratic Gov. Tony Evers for not taking action to address the crisis, and Democrats noting Republicans haven’t pursued substantive upgrades for the system through the eight years they controlled state government — or throughout 2020. RELATED: No, Evers cannot unilaterally OK a new unemployment system The sides came together — a rare occurrence in recent Wisconsin politics — on the first steps of an overhaul plan, which Evers signed into law Feb. 25, 2021. The project is expected to cost around $100 million and take years to complete. But the runup to that agreement included an interesting moment on the Assembly floor, as Minority Leader Gordon Hintz, D-Oshkosh, took the microphone and chastised his Republican colleagues for the lack of action to that point. "You guys can try to spin this and try to play politics with something like unemployment insurance, but it’s cynical, and it’s contrary to what we’re here to do today," Hintz said Feb. 23, noting steps Republicans have taken in recent years to add requirements for collecting unemployment. "We need to have some urgency, we need to depoliticize the pandemic, and we need to be honest. "You need to be honest with yourselves about what the obstacles to UI have been and quit trying to create a fake unemployment insurance crisis because of your guilt over all the things that you did over eight years." The last line jumped out to us. Is it reasonable to claim Republicans are "trying to create a fake unemployment insurance crisis"? The unemployment mess An audit released in September 2020 found fewer than 1% of calls to the Department of Workforce Development call centers were answered between March and June. That came shortly after Evers had asked the head of the agency to resign over the lingering backlog. RELATED: Evers right that unemployment benefits harder to access, but multiple factors involved in delays In November, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel detailed the devastating struggles of people who had been waiting months for their unemployment checks. For instance, Robert Johnson, a Milwaukee resident, had to sell a snowmobile, guns and a computer to pay bills, and he said his thoughts at one point turned to suicide. At that point in time, more than 74,000 Wisconsin residents were still caught in the backlog of unemployment claims, adding up to over 554,000 weekly claims in need of processing. In December, the Journal Sentinel reported 27,000 people were still stuck in the monthslong backlog. The article included the story of Angela Torres of Berlin, who had to file for bankruptcy while waiting since June for her claim to be processed. News outlets and legislators alike have been flooded with similar stories from people forced into impossible decisions by the system’s failure to do timely processing. The Journal Sentinel in January detailed stories of people still waiting for their checks after the department asserted in December the backlog had been eliminated. In short, there’s nothing fake about this crisis. Joanna Beilman-Dulin, a spokeswoman for Hintz, defended his phasing this way: "To be clear: Rep. Hintz absolutely believes, and has consistently highlighted, that people not getting their unemployment benefits when they need them was and still is a crisis in Wisconsin," she said in an email. "People not getting their benefits more quickly over the last nine months because legislative Republicans chose to try to make Gov. Evers look bad rather than taking legislative action to address the UI delays, on the other hand, is an artificially-created, or fake, crisis." DOCUMENT: View a full transcript of Hintz’s remarks here That simply doesn’t ring true. There’s plenty of blame to go around in a discussion of why this crisis existed and persisted, but that doesn’t make it any less of a crisis. And it stemmed from an insufficient system that leaders from both parties failed to address for more than a decade. Democratic Gov. Jim Doyle started a project to upgrade the system, but it was abandoned in 2007 after spending $23 million because of delays and cost overruns. His successor, Republican Gov. Scott Walker didn’t revive the project in his eight years despite having full Republican control of the Legislature and audits that showed significant deficiencies. Our ruling Criticizing Republican inaction in the face of a staggering Wisconsin unemployment system, Hintz said they are "trying to create a fake unemployment insurance crisis." There’s a point to be made about Republican inaction throughout 2020, as the Wisconsin Legislature was one of the least active in the nation in the face of the pandemic. But Hintz’s claim went beyond that — to a description that flies in the face of what many Wisconsinites have experienced. This is a very real crisis that has had a devastating impact on thousands of people around the state. We rate Hintz’s claim False.

Economy,Jobs,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Gordon Hintz

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Facebook posts

2021-01-23 00:00:00

a TV segment:

"While he was president, President Trump never encouraged Americans to get vaccinated."

Bill McCarthy

2021-03-04 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/03/facebook-posts/donald-trump-will-not-be-re-inaugurated-president-/

Donald Trump will not be re-inaugurated as president on Mar. 4, 2021

After President Joe Biden was inaugurated on Jan. 20, defying the predictions of QAnon supporters, some adherents of the conspiracy theory began to claim that his predecessor, Donald Trump, would actually be re-inaugurated as president on March 4, 2021. In recent weeks, social media posts have echoed this theory in posts.  "The Constitution of the United States had established March 4 as Inauguration Day. Trump will be our 19th president soon," reads one from Feb. 23 on Facebook.  The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The advent of that date and mounting concerns about potential violence have led Washington, D.C. law enforcement to beef up security around the Capitol. During a hearing with defense officials, Rep. Adam Smith, D-Wash., announced that 5,000 National Guard officers would remain in D.C. through March 12 out of fear that the online chatter around the date would translate into real-world violence. "Some of these people have figured out that apparently 75 years ago, the president used to be inaugurated on March 4. Okay, now why that's relevant, God knows," Smith said.  Why does this date have relevance for some QAnon supporters? And how do their claims stack up against the evidence?  Prediction rests on a misreading of 1871 law U.S. presidential inaugurations were originally held on March 4. Although not specified in the original text of the Constitution, the precursor body to the U.S. Congress picked March 4 as the date that it handed off power to the new government. The 12th Amendment officially set the date as March 4. And in 1933, the 20th Amendment to the Constitution changed the inauguration date to Jan. 20 in order to shorten the presidential transition.  But some QAnon adherents maintain that the 20th Amendment was never adopted and that any president sworn in on Jan. 20 is not a legitimate president, said Travis View, a disinformation researcher and host of the QAnonAnonymous podcast.  Their reasons for believing this are complex, but the general idea rests on a misreading of the District of Columbia Organic Act of 1871, also titled "An act to provide a government for the District of Columbia."  According to Chris Edelson, an assistant professor of government at American University, the act consolidated the different neighborhoods of Washington into a single governing entity called a municipal corporation. However, some QAnon adherents believe that the statute effectively dissolved the U.S. government and turned the entire country into a business. Adherents of this theory believe all laws passed after 1871 are illegitimate, including the 20th Amendment, and all presidents since Ulysses S. Grant have held office illegally.  As a result, some adherents maintain that Trump will return on March 4, the original inauguration date, and be sworn in as the 19th president of the restored United States. There’s no validity to the theory. The Organic Act of 1871 didn’t incorporate the entire United States.  "None of (the Organic Act) has anything to do with the rest of the United States, or the validity of any constitutional amendments or laws enacted after 1871," said Michael Morley, a law professor at Florida State University. The belief that Trump will be re-inaugurated on March 4 is controversial within the broader QAnon community, View noted, saying that all of the high-profile QAnon influencers he is aware of have pushed back on the March 4 date.  "They’re calling it a false flag operation," View said.  Our ruling A Facebook post says Donald Trump will be re-inaugurated as president on March 4, 2021. This conspiracy theory rests on a flawed interpretation of an 1871 bill that consolidated the different neighborhoods of Washington, D.C., into a single entity.  The 20th Amendment to the Constitution changed the inauguration date from March 4 to Jan. 20. And on Jan. 20, 2021, Joe Biden was sworn in as the 46th president for a term of four years. This claim is inaccurate and ridiculous. We rate it Pants on Fire! ​

National,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Gordon Hintz

2021-02-23 00:00:00

Facebook posts:

Says Donald Trump will be re-inaugurated as president on March 4, 2021.

Noah Y. Kim

2021-03-03 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/02/donald-trump/no-proof-trump-requested-10000-guard-troops-jan-6-/

No proof Trump requested 10,000 Guard troops for Jan. 6 or that Pelosi denied it

Asked in an interview about the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol, former President Donald Trump claimed that he had made a request for 10,000 National Guard troops to be deployed for the rally he led that preceded the attack, and that House Speaker Nancy Pelosi rejected it. His claim was widely repeated on social media. There is no clear evidence that Trump made such a request, and no evidence that Pelosi denied one. "The Speaker’s Office has made it clear publicly and repeatedly that our office was not consulted or contacted concerning any request for the National Guard ahead of Jan. 6," said Pelosi spokesman Drew Hammill.  And that has been confirmed, Hammill pointed out, by the former House’s former head of security, under oath. Trump’s claim on Fox News Trump had encouraged his supporters to come to Washington on Jan. 6 to protest the results of his election loss to Joe Biden. At a rally on the Ellipse, outside the White House, he urged those in attendance to march to the Capitol, where a joint session of Congress was officially counting the electoral votes from the election. The proceedings were interrupted by a mob in an attack that left five people dead. In an Feb. 28 interview, Fox News host Steve Hilton asked Trump if he would have done any differently on Jan. 6. Trump said:  "We said to the Department of Defense, the top person, days before we had the rally … I requested … I definitely gave the number of 10,000 National Guardsmen, I think you should have 10,000 of the National Guard ready. They took that number. From what I understand, they gave it to the people at the Capitol, which is controlled by Pelosi. And I heard they rejected it because they didn’t think it would look good. So, you know, that was a big mistake." A mention, no clear request  According to a Jan. 22 Vanity Fair article, Christopher Miller, then the acting defense secretary, said he met with Trump the night before the attack about a matter unrelated to Trump’s rally the next day. But then Trump asked Miller how many troops the Pentagon planned to deploy the next day in D.C., according to Miller’s account.  There is no clear evidence that Trump made a request for 10,000 National Guard troops, but based on what Miller told the magazine, it appears Trump wondered aloud about what was planned: The president, Miller recalled, asked how many troops the Pentagon planned to turn out the following day. "We’re like, ‘We’re going to provide any National Guard support that the District requests,’" Miller responded. "And (Trump) goes, ‘You’re going to need 10,000 people.’ No, I’m not talking bullshit. He said that. And we’re like, ‘Maybe. But you know, someone’s going to have to ask for it.’" At that point Miller remembered the president telling him, "‘You do what you need to do. You do what you need to do.’ He said, ‘You’re going to need 10,000.’ That’s what he said. Swear to God." A Defense Department spokesman said the department "has no record of such an order being given" by Trump. In June 2020, Trump did mobilize the National Guard, as well as other federal agencies, in Washington in response to protests over police brutality.  Pelosi not informed In testimony at a Senate hearing on Feb. 23, former Capitol Police Chief Steven Sund said he met on Jan. 4 with former House sergeant-at-arms Paul Irving, who reported to Pelosi, and former Senate sergeant-at-arms Michael Stenger, and that Sund requested that National Guard troops be deployed on Jan. 6. (All three men resigned after the attack.) Irving testified that he did not take the discussion as a request. He said that Sund had said only that he had received an offer from the National Guard. Irving said all three men agreed that, based on intelligence reports, there was no need for troops. Irving said he had no discussion about the matter with any congressional leaders until Jan. 6. A spokesman for Trump did not reply to our emails. Our ruling Trump said he requested "10,000 National Guardsmen" for his Jan. 6 rally, but Pelosi "rejected it." A news article reported that Trump told the acting defense secretary the night before the rally that he thought 10,000 National Guard troops would be needed, but he did not make any clear request for 10,000 troops.  Pelosi’s spokesman said she was not consulted about the National Guard before Jan. 6. And the former House sergeant-at-arms, who reported to Pelosi, testified that he had no discussions about National Guard troops with any congressional leaders before Jan. 6. Without evidence to back it, we rate Trump’s statement False.

Congress,Homeland Security,Military,Donald Trump

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Facebook posts

2021-02-23 00:00:00

remarks with Mexico's president:

"The fastest-growing population in the United States is Hispanic."

Louis Jacobson

2021-03-03 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/mar/02/facebook-posts/rachel-levine-does-not-support-gender-confirmation/

Rachel Levine does not support gender confirmation surgery for all children

Since being nominated for the post of assistant health secretary, Dr. Rachel Levine has faced repeated attacks focusing on her identity as a transgender woman.  One of these attacks circulated on social media platforms in the form of a viral image, which features a picture of Levine photoshopped next to a group of prepubescent children.  "Dr. Rachel Levine, US Assistant Secretary for Health, believes that all children should be allowed to select their gender and have access to government-funded sex reassignment surgery without parental notification or authorization," reads the text beside the image. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  In support of their claims, Levine’s critics have surfaced a 2017 lecture she gave at Franklin & Marshall College, where she described professional standards of care for transgender youth. They have also referenced a tweet in which Levine cited a study that found that access to puberty blockers decreases the likelihood of suicide and mental health problems for adolecents with gender dysphoria. However, we could not find any instance where Levine advocated for children to receive government-funded gender confirmation surgery without parental consent. Performing genital surgery on prepubescent minors violates professional standards of transgender medicine.  Levine lays out professional standards of care During her lecture at Franklin & Marshall, Levine described the standards of care for transgender patients laid out by professional organizations such as the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. Current U.S. health guidelines do not recommend surgical treatment for minors.  At one point of the lecture, Levine explicitly notes that the guidelines do not recommend any form of medical treatment for children prior to puberty. "For prepubertal children (with gender dysphoria) there is no medical treatment," she says. "The idea would be to see a counselor or therapist who is supportive and has knowledge about these issues, to work with the parents."  At another point of the lecture, Levine discusses standards of care for transgender youth, laying out a three-tiered protocol drawn up by professionals in transgender medicine.  Before doctors prescribe any physical interventions, the guidelines require patients to undergo counseling and psychological evaluation by a team of health professionals, including psychologists, pediatricians and endocrinologists. This process also allows kids to begin the process of socially transitioning to another gender by using different names and wearing different clothing.  If a patient has begun to go through puberty and is determined to have experienced "persistent, well-documented gender dysphoria" for a long period of time, the youth becomes eligible to receive puberty blockers. These drugs suppress the release of testosterone and estrogen during puberty. The goal of this phase of treatment is to allow transgender youth more time to reflect on their decision. Different youth experience the onset of puberty at different ages, so the guidelines don’t provide a strict age threshold at which patients become eligible for the first stage of treatment. However, most studies of transgender youth have featured subjects at least 12 years old.  If the youth completes this phase of treatment, doctors can slowly start off with interventions such as hormone therapy to masculinize or feminize the body. Some of these changes (such as the deepening of the voice caused by testosterone) are irreversible. Others may require reconstructive surgery to be reversed. Many hospitals, such as the Duke Health Center for Gender Care for Children and Adolescents, will only offer hormone replacement therapies for adolescents 16 or older.  Genital surgery, the last phase of the process, is generally restricted to adults. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health guidelines state that genital surgery shouldn't be performed until the patient reaches the age of majority, which is at least 18 across the U.S. — and there are many other factors besides age that should also be considered. "Genital surgery should not be carried out until (i) patients reach the legal age of majority to give consent for medical procedures in a given country, and (ii) patients have lived continuously for at least 12 months in the gender role that is congruent with their gender identity. The age threshold should be seen as a minimum criterion and not an indication in and of itself for active intervention," the guidelines read.  During her lecture, Levine noted that homeless youth could be eligible for an accelerated transition process. Since these youth lack parental support and are more likely to purchase dangerous black market hormones, she suggested that it might be necessary to skip the puberty-blocker phase of treatment and go straight to hormone therapy. However, at no point in the lecture did Levine state that homeless youth could be eligible for genital surgery before reaching the age of majority.  Our ruling Facebook posts said that Rachel Levine supports "government-funded sex reassignment surgery without parental notification or authorization" for all children. There is no record of Levine supporting genital surgery for young children. In a lecture, Levine stated that "there is no medical treatment" for prepubescent children with gender dysphoria.  Performing genital surgery on prepubescent children violates the standards of care laid out by professionals in transgender medicine.  This claim is False.

LGBTQ,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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374, 3641, 627]

Joe Biden

2021-03-01 00:00:00

an

Says he requested “10,000 National Guardsmen” for his Jan. 6 rally, but Nancy Pelosi “rejected it.”

Tom Kertscher

2021-03-02 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/17/joe-biden/fact-checking-joe-bidens-claim-about-people-having/

Fact-checking Joe Biden’s claim about people having to seek asylum ‘from abroad’

During his first town hall since being sworn into office, President Joe Biden reaffirmed his promise to offer a pathway to citizenship for millions of immigrants living illegally in the country, and denounced practices that he said required people to "seek asylum from abroad." "For the first time in American history, if you're seeking asylum, meaning you're being persecuted, you're seeking asylum, you can't do it from the United States," Biden said in Milwaukee Feb. 16. "You used to come, have an asylum officer determine whether or not you met the criteria ... but you can't even do that. You’ve got to seek asylum from abroad." Is Biden right that people have to seek asylum from abroad? He isn’t. In recycling a talking point from his campaign, Biden overstated the details of a program implemented by his predecessor, and failed to note that his administration has already revised it. His statement gives the wrong impression to people who aren’t very familiar with the asylum debate. Changes in the asylum waiting process The United States grants asylum to people who demonstrate that they have suffered persecution or fear persecution due to their race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion. There are two ways of obtaining asylum in the United States: the defensive process or the affirmative process. For instance, people who are apprehended by Border Patrol agents and slated for removal can apply for asylum as a defense against deportation. People who apply for the affirmative process are not in removal proceedings; they could be people who have been living in the country for months and arrived either legally or illegally. Starting in 2019 during the Trump administration, people who arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border without proper documents and applied for asylum in the United States were sent to Mexico to wait there for a resolution of their case, which could take months or years. The "Remain in Mexico" program led to thousands of migrants setting up makeshift camps in border towns in Mexico. Immigration experts have said it was unprecedented for people to be sent out of the United States after initiating an asylum claim here. But the Trump program didn’t change a key principle of asylum law: People have to be physically present in the United States to request asylum. They can apply for asylum within one year of their arrival in the United States — whether they got here with or without authorization. Biden described the change incorrectly. Moreover, Biden’s characterization of Trump’s policy wasn’t true for the people who already live in the United States and seek asylum through the affirmative process. Biden administration stopped Remain in Mexico program Biden’s remarks ignore that his administration has stopped sending asylum seekers to Mexico. The Department of Homeland Security has said that beginning Feb. 19, it plans to begin phase one of a program to allow into the United States people who were sent to Mexico under the Remain in Mexico program and who have active immigration court cases. About 25,000 people have such active cases, according to DHS. In the town hall, Biden "was referring to the prior administration’s divisive use" of the Remain in Mexico program, said Vedant Patel, a White House spokesperson. During his campaign for president, reporters asked Biden about the asylum seekers sent to Mexico by the Trump administration. Biden, speaking about this specific group, said it was "the first time ever you've had to seek asylum in a third country." We rated that claim Mostly True, given the context of the question. Experts said the Mexico program was the first of its kind, but noted that people were sent to Mexico not to seek asylum, but to wait for a decision on their U.S. case. Our ruling Biden said, "For the first time in American history, if you're seeking asylum ... you can't do it from the United States. ... You’ve got to seek asylum from abroad." Biden misstated the facts. People can apply for asylum only once they are in the United States. During the Trump administration, some people who entered at the southern border and sought asylum in the United States were sent to Mexico to wait for a decision on their case. Biden’s administration has said it will no longer send asylum seekers to Mexico. Asylum law also extends to people who already live in the United States and are not in deportation proceedings. Even when the Remain in Mexico program was in effect, people already in the United States who applied for asylum were not necessarily sent out of the country to wait for a resolution of their case. Biden’s statement contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. We rate it Mostly False.

Immigration,Homeland Security,Wisconsin,Joe Biden

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Donald Trump

2021-02-28 00:00:00

Facebook posts:

Says Rachel Levine supports “government-funded sex reassignment surgery without parental notification or authorization” for all children.

Noah Y. Kim

2021-03-02 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/16/mike-shirkey/michigan-senate-gop-leader-shirkey-falsely-claims-/

Michigan Senate GOP leader Shirkey falsely claims dead people voted

Michigan’s top elected Republican relied on an oft-repeated and inaccurate claim about dead voters to bolster his argument for changes in state election law. In a Feb. 16 radio interview, state Senate Majority Leader Mike Shirkey  acknowledged that Biden won Michigan by over 154,000 votes, but said the state didn’t do enough to ensure election integrity. "We do have some things that we need to address because it was a little too loose. Too many dead people voted and there was too much confusion at absentee counting boards," Shirkey claimed in the interview on WKHM. At the start of this year’s legislative session, Shirkey said that election integrity would be a top priority for lawmakers. Lawmakers already introduced several bills aimed at increasing penalties for absentee voting violations and removing voters with unknown birthdates from state election rolls. We asked Shirkey’s office for evidence to back his claim about dead people voting, but didn’t hear back. The Secretary of State’s office has said it is "not aware of a single confirmed case showing that a ballot was actually cast on behalf of a deceased individual." Claims circulating online that dead people voted in Michigan were found to be false. One such claim included a list purporting to show thousands of dead voters in Wayne County who cast ballots in the November election. The list had a number of serious flaws. It contained voters who were not Wayne County residents, as well as voters who never received an absentee ballot. It also included at least one woman who’s still alive who cast an absentee ballot. Michigan has mechanisms in place to maintain the integrity of its voter files. It is a member of the Electronic Registration Information Center, a multistate partnership that offers access to federal databases and technology that relies on Social Security Administration death records to flag deceased voters. The state also checks to ensure that absentee ballots cast by living people who die before Election Day are not counted. In the Nov. 3 election, clerks across Michigan rejected 3,469 absentee ballots cast by people who were alive when they returned their ballots but died before Election Day. Clerical errors happen. "On rare occasions, a ballot received for a living voter may be recorded in a way that makes it appear as if the voter is dead," the Secretary of State’s office explains on its fact-check page. One Facebook post seized on a clerical error to falsely claim that a dead voter in Detroit cast a ballot in the November election. The voter, William Bradley, told PolitiFact that he voted absentee and shares the same name and address as his deceased father. The ballot cast by Bradley was initially logged incorrectly as belonging to his deceased father, said Daniel Baxter, a consultant for the Detroit Department of Elections. Baxter told PolitiFact that no ballot for the father "was ever requested, received or counted." Many Republican lawmakers have called for cleaning up outdated voter rolls to remove the names of ineligible voters who have moved out of state or died. In 66 Michigan counties, the number of people on the registered voter rolls of October 2020 was greater than the number of 18-year-olds in the county, according to census estimates. That suggests that people who moved, died or are otherwise ineligible to vote are still listed as registered voters. Former President Donald Trump pointed to these counties as part of his campaign to cast doubt on the election results. But outdated voter rolls don’t support Shirkey’s claim that dead people voted. While Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson received criticism for sending absentee ballot applications to every registered voter in Michigan, her office explained that "applications sent to registered voters who have died do not result in a ballot being sent to the voter, because the dead voter cannot return the application with a signature, let alone one that matches the signature the clerk has on file with their voter registration."  Our ruling Shirkey claimed that "too many dead people voted" in the Nov. 3 general election in Michigan.  There’s no evidence to support Shirkey’s claim. The Secretary of State’s office said it’s not aware of a single confirmed case of ballots being cast behalf of a dead person. Similar claims have been debunked. The state has ways to flag deceased voters, and clerks across the state were able to successfully identify thousands of voters who submitted absentee ballots but died before Election Day. Their ballots weren’t counted.  We rate this claim False. 

Michigan,Mike Shirkey

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Facebook posts

2021-02-26 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says a photo at CPAC shows evangelical leaders praying over a golden statue of former President Donald Trump.

Miriam Valverde

2021-02-17 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/16/facebook-posts/no-biden-has-not-signed-45-capital-gains-tax-or-in/

No, Biden has not signed a 45% capital gains tax or an inheritance tax increase

The 117th Congress has been focused on the second impeachment of former President Donald Trump and a COVID-19 relief package. It hasn’t yet approved any tax bills for President Joe Biden to sign.  Yet a post widely shared on Facebook stated: "Biden signs 45% Capital gains tax. Kiss your inheritance goodbye." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The claim raises issues related to two different taxes that Biden has proposed changing: the capital gains tax, which is applied to the profits from sales of assets such as stocks; and the estate tax, which is applied to assets after their owner dies and can reduce the size of an inheritance.  But the proposed changes haven’t been enacted.  "These are just campaign proposals. Nothing's been passed, nothing’s been signed," said Robert McClelland, a senior fellow with the Tax Policy Center. Proposal to increase capital gains rate A capital gain is the difference between what someone paid for an asset, also known as the "basis," and what they sold it for. The tax rates for capital gains vary based on income and how long the asset was owned. Rates are more favorable for assets that are held for more than a year, and some gains on home sales are exempt from taxes.  In the presidential campaign, Biden proposed raising the top long-term capital gains rate to 39.6% from 20%.  This increase would apply only to people earning more than $1 million per year. Proposal to raise and expand the estate tax When it comes to inheritances, the vast majority of estates do not pay the estate tax; it kicks in only for larger estates.  The current 40% estate tax rate applies only to individual estates larger than $11.58 million, and only to the assets above that amount (the threshold is $23.16 million for married couples). That is, the first $11.58 million of an estate is exempt from federal estate taxes. The exemption is that high largely because the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act doubled the exemption in 2018 and indexed it to inflation after 2018. However, that provision is set to expire in 2025. After that, the exemption would revert to $5 million, unless the law is changed. Candidate Biden proposed raising the rate to 45% and reducing the exemption to $3.5 million. So, the change would affect more estates and subject them to higher taxes. Based on the estimated 2.81 million people who will die in 2022, about 2,600 estates, or 0.09%, would be taxable under current law, the Tax Policy Center estimates. If the exemption were reduced to $3.5 million, about 16,600 estates, or 0.59%, would be taxable. Broad "stepped-up" change proposal Biden also proposed another change that’s related to both capital gains and inheritances. It involves a current tax policy called "stepped-up basis." Stepped-up basis provides a big benefit to those who inherit certain assets, including real estate, that has appreciated in value over time. It resets the cost basis for an asset to its fair-market value when the owner died. So under stepped-up basis, a person who inherits an asset and then sells it for a profit has to pay a capital gains tax on its gains in value only from the date of the estate owner’s death, rather than from the time it was originally purchased. Biden proposed eliminating stepped-up basis, so that the tax would apply on the asset’s full gain in value since purchase. It’s possible any proposal might apply only to those making $400,000, in keeping with his pledge not to raise taxes on people making less than that. Our ruling A widely shared Facebook post stated: "Biden signs 45% capital gains tax. Kiss your inheritance goodbye." Biden has proposed changes that would increase capital gains and estate tax rates, and expand the reach of both taxes.  But Congress has not passed any of those changes, and thus no such bill has been signed by Biden. We rate the statement False.

Taxes,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Viral image

2021-03-01 00:00:00

a CNN town hall:

“For the first time in American history, if you're seeking asylum ... you can't do it from the United States. … You’ve got to seek asylum from abroad.”

Dave Boucher

2021-02-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/16/facebook-posts/says-death-reports-federal-database-show-fatal-ris/

Deaths after vaccination don’t prove that COVID-19 vaccine is lethal

Learn the Risk, an anti-vaccine group, recently published a post on Facebook with a list of people who died after receiving COVID-19 vaccines.  "AGE 25. MALE. Vaccinated 12/22/2020. Found unresponsive and subsequently expired at home on 1/11/2021. Moderna vaccine," reads the first of almost 30 entries featured in the Feb. 9 post.  These entries are copied from the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System, a national vaccine safety surveillance program set up by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Food and Drug Administration that records health issues that arise after vaccinations in the U.S.      The implication: That the reports show that COVID-19 vaccines contributed to the deaths of dozens of people, as young as 24. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  Vaccine skeptics commonly cite VAERS reports as evidence that vaccines are lethal or otherwise dangerous. But the agencies that run the tracking system warn that the reports shouldn’t be misinterpreted. Search results on the system come with this caveat: "VAERS reports alone cannot be used to determine if a vaccine caused or contributed to an adverse event or illness." Without further study, vaccine experts say, it’s not possible to tell whether a particular adverse event is linked to the vaccine or merely occurred afterward as a coincidence, and they cautioned against drawing inferences from reports published in the database.  Without that context, posts like this one risk misleading people by implying that the vaccine caused or contributed to these deaths. The limitations of the VAERS An adverse event is a health problem that arises after someone has received a vaccine. VAERS accepts and records any and all reports of adverse events, and the government acknowledges that "reports may contain information that is incomplete, inaccurate, coincidental, or unverifiable." To illustrate the shortcomings of the database, one physician reported that a vaccine had turned him into the Incredible Hulk, the comic-book character. Both the CDC and the physician confirmed to PolitiFact that his report was initially accepted and entered into the system as an adverse event.  Since VAERS doesn’t show whether an adverse event was caused by the vaccine or occurred coincidentally, it’s generally not useful on its own for assessing whether a vaccine poses a risk to human health, said Dr. Walter Orenstein, associate director of the Emory Vaccine Center in Atlanta. Instead, vaccine experts said, VAERS should be seen as a "hypothesis-generating" system, which helps scientists decide which negative side effects to test for. For example, in 1999, VAERS reports helped physicians realize that a rotavirus vaccine was associated with a form of bowel obstruction called intussusception, said Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. After physicians monitoring the system noticed a cluster of reports detailing intussusception in young vaccinated children, they commissioned additional studies comparing vaccinated patients with non-vaccinated patients. These studies found that the incidence of intussusception in vaccinated patients was significantly higher than in a control group. The vaccine was pulled from the market.  In this case, VAERS was used as an early warning system that prompted scientists to commission more comprehensive studies. The reports weren’t themselves used to make a determination about vaccine safety.  "A system like VAERS can never answer the question of whether a vaccine causes a particular outcome," said Offit. "The only way to establish causation is through a study involving a control group." The COVID-19 vaccines now being rolled out to the public were subject to these kinds of studies to determine whether they caused serious health issues. Tens of thousands of people participated in clinical trials last year to demonstrate to regulators that the COVID-19 vaccines were safe. To receive FDA emergency-use authorization, vaccine manufacturers Pfizer and Moderna had to follow up with at least half of participants for at least two months after they received their vaccinations. Our ruling A Facebook post from an anti-vaccine group shows a list of people who died after receiving COVID-19 vaccines, implying that the vaccine caused or contributed to those deaths.  The claim relies on reports from a federal tracking system of adverse events occurring after vaccinations. The agencies that maintain that system warn that the reports should not be used to draw conclusions about whether a vaccine causes a particular adverse event. To establish causation, experts look beyond isolated data points to studies of large groups of people to see if a negative symptom is more prominent in vaccinated people than in non-vaccinated ones.  The COVID-19 vaccines have been proven to be safe and effective in tens of thousands of people.  We rate this statement Mostly False. ​

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Joe Biden

2021-02-16 00:00:00

a radio

“Too many dead people voted” in Michigan

Tom Kertscher

2021-02-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/16/kevin-sorbo/yes-california-requires-signature-verification-mai/

Yes, California requires signature verification for mail-in ballots and Newsom recall petitions

After Republicans seeking to recall California Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom said they had reached the number of signatures necessary to trigger a special election, one conservative influencer falsely claimed that the organizers have faced hurdles that voters in November’s election did not. "So California is requiring signature verification for Gavin Newsom’s recall, but didn’t require it for the mail in ballots. How strange," said actor Kevin Sorbo, who starred as "Hercules" in a TV series about the mythological hero, in a tweet sent to hundreds of thousands of followers. A screenshot of Kevin Sorbo's tweet making false claims about California's election laws. In fact, California did require signature verification for mail-in ballots for the 2020 election, as PolitiFact reported in the months leading up to Election Day. Several election officials, experts, journalists and fact-checkers debunked Sorbo’s Feb. 15 tweet soon after it was posted. But the tweet still circulated widely, picking up thousands of retweets and likes. It was further amplified on the platform by former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee and Rudy Giuliani. The claim was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) A screenshot of Rudy Giuliani's Instagram post sharing Kevin Sorbo's false claims about California's election laws. In addition, Buzz Patterson, a Republican who ran unsuccessfully last year for Congress in California’s 7th Congressional District in the Sacramento area, made a similar false claim that vote-by-mail signatures were not verified during last year’s general election. Sorbo has previously pushed false information from his social media accounts, including the baseless claim that antifa was behind the U.S. Capitol riot. Facebook removed his page Feb. 12 for sharing debunked claims about the coronavirus or vaccines, a company spokesperson said.  This time, PolitiFact decided to step in with the facts. (Sorbo did not respond to a request for comment submitted through his website.) California has signature verification for mail-in votes and recalls Election officials rejected Sorbo’s claim.  "Sorbo’s tweet is not true," Sam Mahood, a spokesperson for the California Secretary of State’s Office wrote in an email, citing the office’s own fact check on this topic. "That tweet was totally inaccurate," added Amber McReynolds, a national expert on election administration and Denver’s former elections director. For a vote-by-mail ballot to count in California, the voter must sign the outside of their ballot’s envelope before they return it. California election law then requires officials in all 58 counties to verify the signatures on the envelope using the voter’s signature on file, which is the one provided when a person registers to vote. The same law requires officials to cross-check recall petition signatures with the signature on a voter registration record.  FACT: CA county elections officials verify the signatures on EVERY✅vote-by-mail ballot ✅initiative, referendum, or recall petition ✅candidate nomination document.*Source:https://t.co/Laj17g6qk0 pic.twitter.com/RNtbU6FOM8— CA SOS Vote (@CASOSvote) February 15, 2021 The method used to verify signatures for vote-by-mail ballots is different county-by-county. Some use software while others use county staff to examine signatures one at a time, Kim Alexander, president of the California Voter Foundation, told PolitiFact California last year.  Thousands of vote-by-mail ballot signatures are rejected every election when officials determine they don’t match with the signature on file. Nearly 50,000 were rejected last November, added Alexander, describing the rejections as "clear evidence that there is a signature check requirement."  A law signed in 2018 requires election officials to notify voters at least eight days before the certification of the election when they reject a signature and give them a chance to provide a valid one.  Signatures collected for petitions, like the effort to recall Newsom,are also verified at the county level. Mahood said the process should "generally be the same" as the process for verifying signatures on ballots, save for the fact that petitions carry multiple signatures, not one. Supporters of the recall have criticized Newsom for what they describe as draconian stay-at-home orders during the coronavirus pandemic, as well as for the state employment department’s failure to quickly issue jobless benefits over the past year as hundreds of thousands of people lost jobs during the shutdowns. In recent weeks, the governor has faced criticism for the state’s slow roll-out of COVID-19 vaccinations. Our ruling Sorbo said, "So California is requiring signature verification for Gavin Newsom’s recall, but didn’t require it for the mail in ballots." On the contrary, California did require signature verification for mail-in ballots during the 2020 election. Officials in all 58 of the state’s counties were required by law to check the signature on each voter’s ballot envelope against the signature from that person’s voter registration. We rate this statement Pants on Fire!

Elections,Pundits,California,PunditFact,Kevin Sorbo

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Mike Shirkey

2021-02-16 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Biden signs 45% capital gains tax. Kiss your inheritance goodbye.”

Noah Y. Kim

2021-02-16 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/16/facebook-posts/biden-did-not-plan-winter-storm-attack-texas/

Biden did not plan winter storm as ‘an attack on Texas’

A powerful winter storm has left millions of people without power in Texas amid freezing temperatures. Some Facebook users blamed President Joe Biden — not for a particular policy, but for the storm itself. In a Feb. 15 post, Scott L. Biddle wrote that the storm resulted from "weather manipulation and controlling the jet stream" — something he assured people is "not a conspiracy theory."  "Joe Biden's ‘Dark Winter’ statement was not a random thought, it was a foreshadow of what was to come," Biddle wrote. "Texas is the only state to have its own, entirely independent electric grid separate from the rest of the United States. This is warfare, an attack on Texas by altering the jet stream, seeding the clouds, and ultimately causing the storm that blacked out over 4 million people." "Sound crazy? Too hard to believe? Believe it." Don’t believe it. (Screenshot from Facebook) The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) We reached out to Biddle — who wrote a book of COVID-19 conspiracy theories that was removed from Amazon — but we haven’t heard back. What he said isn’t true. First, let’s examine the "‘dark winter’ statement." In November, Biden said the coronavirus pandemic could worsen over the winter months as Americans traveled for the holidays and were forced indoors by colder weather. "We’re still facing a very dark winter," he said. "There are now nearly 10 million COVID cases in the United States." Biden was not predicting a winter storm — he was predicting an influx of new daily COVID-19 cases and deaths, which hit record highs in early January and February, consecutively. Now onto the Facebook post’s claim about Texas’ power grid. In 1970, the state created the Electric Reliability Council of Texas to avoid regulation from the federal government. The electric grid is not subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. However, that doesn’t mean the Biden administration altered the weather to attack Texas’ energy infrastructure. The winter storm first hit the Pacific Northwest between Feb. 12-13, leaving hundreds of thousands of people without power. Then, it moved through the Southwest before hitting the central and southern plains. The storm resulted from a polar vortex that brought Arctic air from Canada to many parts of the U.S. A polar vortex is a large area of low pressure and cold air surrounding the Earth’s poles. It weakens in the summer and strengthens in the winter, when the vortex expands and sends cold air southward with the jet stream. The jet stream is the product of strong winds created by Earth’s rotation on its axis — it would not be possible for the government to somehow step in and shake things up. The only measurable effect humans are thought to have on the jet stream is through climate change. "Cloud seeding," on the other hand, is a real technique that’s sometimes used to produce moisture in drought-prone areas. Aircraft inject particles into clouds to encourage water droplets to freeze around them. In the right conditions, the process can create snow. Again, that’s not what is happening in Texas and many other parts of the country. Cloud seeding has been cited as evidence for the chemtrails conspiracy theory, which falsely claims the government uses aircraft to spray chemicals in the sky to control the population. We found posts from Biddle in groups dedicated to the conspiracy theory. The post is inaccurate and ridiculous. We rate it Pants on Fire!

Weather,Texas,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2021-02-09 00:00:00

a tweet:

“So California is requiring signature verification for Gavin Newsom’s recall, but didn’t require it for the mail in ballots.”

Daniel Funke

2021-02-16 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/28/facebook-posts/no-facebooks-recent-logout-glitch-not-related-its-/

No, Facebook’s recent logout glitch is not related to its off-Facebook tracking tool

Scores of Facebook users found themselves unexpectedly logged out of the social media app recently, causing confusion, with people frantically trying to remember their long-forgotten passwords. But while Facebook says the glitch was due to a system change, posts on well, Facebook, pointed to a more insidious reason: "Who got logged off Facebook last night?" a post shared Jan. 23 says. "Want to know why??? Facebook updated last night with a new feature. They can now track ‘OFF FACEBOOK ACTIVITY,’ bank accounts, email, apps.... To turn it off go into your Facebook Settings, scroll down to OFF FACEBOOK ACTIVITY, then click CLEAR HISTORY then click MORE OPTIONS then MANAGE FUTURE ACTIVITY and turn off FUTURE ACTIVITY." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) It isn’t accurate. Here’s what happened. On Jan. 22, Facebook said it was looking into reports of people being logged out of their accounts, receiving a "session expired" notification before being prompted to log back in. The company confirmed the following morning that engineers had fixed the issue.  "On January 22, a configuration change caused some people to be logged out of their Facebook accounts. We investigated the issue and fixed it for everyone on January 23. We’re sorry for the inconvenience," a Facebook company spokesperson told PolitiFact in an email. Technology news website Engadget found that iPhone owners were most affected by the glitch and that people using two-factor authentication were having the most trouble, as the SMS codes needed to log back in were taking a long time to reach users.  Facebook confirmed that its "Off-Facebook Activity" tracker has nothing to do with the logout issues, and is not part of a new update. It’s been available on the website for exactly one year. And it does not give Facebook the ability to track your bank account or email activity, as the post claims. It’s a tool offered to users, not an advertising tool itself. The tracker enables users to have more insight into how the company traces them online. Businesses send Facebook information about a user’s activity on their websites, and Facebook uses that information to show relevant ads in their newsfeed.  The Off-Facebook Activity tool now allows users to see a summary of that data and clear it from their accounts if they choose to, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg said in a January 2020 blog post.  The tracker shows 180 days’ worth of data collected by Facebook. Besides clearing that history, users can also tell Facebook to stop adding data from their accounts by clicking "Manage Future Activity" and then toggling off the button next to "Future Off-Facebook Activity," according to the Washington Post. Quick warning: Turning off your off-Facebook activity will mean losing access to apps and websites that you’ve used Facebook to login to in the past. Changing these settings doesn’t stop Facebook from gathering data from other businesses, it simply "disconnects" that data from your profile, which mostly means the company won’t use it to target you with ads. Our ruling Some Facebook users who were recently logged out of their accounts claim that the company did it purposely to install an off-Facebook tracker that accesses their bank accounts, emails and more. This is wrong. The forced logouts were due to a system change glitch and has nothing to do with the company’s Off-Facebook tracker. The tool allows users to see how the company traces their activity on the internet and has been on the social media website since January 2020. We rate this False. 

Privacy Issues,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Kevin Sorbo

2021-02-15 00:00:00

a text post:

Says Joe Biden planned a winter storm as "warfare, an attack on Texas by altering the jet stream."

Daniel Funke

2021-01-28 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/28/charlie-kirk/biden-did-not-admit-hes-governing-dictator/

Biden did not admit he’s ‘governing like a dictator’

Some outspoken critics of Joe Biden are using the president’s words against him to criticize the flurry of executive orders he signed after Inauguration Day. In a Jan. 26 Instagram post, Charlie Kirk, founder of the conservative advocacy group Turning Point USA, published a clip of Biden speaking on stage about executive action. Text over the video says: "Joe Biden admits he is governing like a ‘dictator.’" "34+ Executive Orders in less than a week and we’re supposed to believe that *Trump* was the one who governed like a dictator?" Kirk wrote in a caption. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook, which owns Instagram.) It has more than 91,000 likes, and we’ve seen several similar posts get thousands of shares on Facebook. (Screenshot from Instagram) Since taking office Jan. 20, Biden has published 21 executive orders aimed at undoing the policies of the Trump administration, not including proclamations and memoranda. We’ve seen several posts on Facebook that criticize Biden’s actions in light of his past comments about executive orders, so we wanted to take a closer look at this video. Kirk’s claim — that Biden "admits he is governing like a 'dictator’" — is not literally true. The post misconstrues the president’s past comments on using executive orders to change federal tax policy, which Biden has not tried to do. The video comes from an October ABC News town hall in the final weeks of the presidential election campaign. During the event, Biden answered questions from host George Stephanopoulos and an audience member about his plan to raise taxes on corporations and the wealthy. Here’s a transcript of the relevant portion of his remarks: Stephanopoulos: So, there's not going to be any delay on the tax increases? Biden: No, well, I've got to get the votes. I got to get the votes. That's why — you know, the one thing that I — I have this strange notion. We are a democracy. Some of my Republican friends, and some of my Democratic friends even, occasionally say, "Well, if you can't get the votes, by executive order you're going to do something." (There are) things you can't do by executive order, unless you're a dictator. We're a democracy. We need consensus. Stephanopoulos: We've got to take a quick break. We'll be right back. A video of the exchange shows that Biden, who was a U.S. senator for 36 years, was pushing back on the idea that he could quickly change major federal policies via executive order, including raising tax rates.  Biden was not criticizing all executive orders as hallmarks of a dictatorship — the full context of his statement suggests that he believes an executive order on taxes would be an inappropriate use of executive power in a democracy. Biden has not issued orders on tax policy. Article I of the Constitution grants Congress the power to "lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States." The 16th Amendment gives Congress the power to collect income taxes. Presidents do have broad authority to pursue their tax agenda without the approval of Congress, including by deferring tax payments and appointing agency heads. But experts say presidents rarely try to change tax policy single handedly.     "Instead, the president often asks Congress to pass revenue-raising measures achieving what the president and his Treasury Department already could accomplish on their own," Daniel J. Hemel, a law professor at the University of Chicago, wrote in a 2017 paper for the Cornell Law Review. "And even when Congress rebuffs the president’s request, past administrations only rarely have responded by exercising the regulatory authority they already possess." None of the executive orders that Biden has published so far have to do with changing federal tax policy. Nine issued in the first two days address the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, while others undo some of the policies implemented by the Trump administration. One order temporarily halting deportations was blocked by a federal judge in Texas. Meanwhile, Biden plans to send major proposals on policies like immigration reform to Congress. Democratic control of both chambers gives Biden more leeway in pursuing his agenda, including a potential future tax plan. However, Biden has not yet introduced tax reform legislation, and his $1.9 trillion coronavirus stimulus proposal does not include any tax increases. We reached out to Turning Point USA and the White House for a comment, but we haven’t heard back. Kirk’s Instagram post is inaccurate. We rate it False. RELATED: How Joe Biden’s first executive orders compare with past presidents

National,Facebook Fact-checks,PunditFact,Charlie Kirk

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Facebook posts

2021-02-15 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

"Joe Biden admits he is governing like a 'dictator.'"

Warren Fiske

2021-01-28 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/28/jennifer-boysko/us-only-industrialized-nation-no-paid-family-leave/

The U.S. is the only industrialized nation with no paid family leave plan

Sweeping legislation that would have established a paid family leave program for Virginia employees was recently killed in the state Senate. The bill, introduced by Sen. Jennifer Boysko (D-Fairfax) would have established a wage tax in 2024 to finance up to 12 weeks of annual paid leave time for workers at 80% of their regular earnings. Eligible were employees: Caring for a new child the first year after birth, adoption or foster placement; Experiencing or caring for a family member with serious health problems; Caring for the family of a deployed service member. Boysko, during a Jan. 18 hearing of the Senate Commerce and Labor Committee, said the bill would make Virginia a national leader on the issue. "The United States is the only industrialized, modernized country that does not already have a paid family medical leave program in place," she said.   Boysko’s comparison of America to the rest of the industrialized nations is a familiar Democratic talking point. Former President Barack Obama has made it; so has Vermont Sen.  Bernie Sanders and New York Sen. Kristen Gillibrand.  What America has Under the Family and Medical Leave Act, employers with 50 or more workers must allow parents 12 weeks of job-protected leave annually to care for a newborn. While this means those individuals can take the time off without fear of losing their job, in most cases the leave is unpaid. There are a few exceptions. Eight states offer paid family leave through employee-paid payroll taxes: California, New Jersey, Rhode Island, New York, Washington, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Oregon, as well as the District of Columbia. Some employers choose to provide paid maternity leave, but that touches only about 16% of private industry workers, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. What other countries have The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development studied paid maternity leave for 36 OECD countries -- developed nations  -- and five additional European Union countries and Costa Rica. On average across OECD countries in 2018, mothers were entitled to 51 weeks of paid leave after child birth. The United States was the only country in the study with no national law to provide that benefit. According to a 2014 report by the International Labor Organization, an agency of the United Nations, the United States and New Guinea were the only countries out of 170 that provided no cash benefits of any kind to women during maternity leave. Of 41 developed countries highlighted by the report, the U.S. also mandated the shortest period of time off — 12 weeks. The 12-week law is still in effect. Back to Virginia Boysko’s bill drew bipartisan opposition in the Senate committee and died on a 12-3 vote. Critics voiced concern that the wage tax was not clearly defined - the uncertain amount of the levy would be set after a determination of the revenues needed to support the leave program - and that the levy would impose financial hardships on small businesses and workers. The Senate, however, has expressed interest in taking a deeper look at the issue. It passed a bill instructing the State Corporation Commission to make recommendations this fall for establishing a plan that would encourage Virginia employers to voluntarily offer 12 weeks of paid family leave. The measure is pending in the House of Delegates. Jurisprudence PolitiFact National has given Mostly True ratings to statements of Obama in 2015 and Gillibrand in 2016 that the U.S. is the only industrialized nation that doesn’t "guarantee" paid family leave. The slight flaw in their statements was that there were exclusions to the programs in some countries, so the benefit was not universal. In Canada, for example, temporary workers in 2016 couldn’t get cash benefits. Canada also excluded migrant workers and people who owned more than 40% of their business. Norway and Switzerland excluded home workers.  Boysko’s statement is different. She does not say "guarantee." She says the U.S. is the only industrialized nation that does not "have a paid family medical leave program in place." All other industrialized nations do have family leave programs in place, although some of those plans do not "guarantee" all workers are covered.  Our ruling Boysko said, "The United States is the only industrialized, modernized country that does not already have a paid family medical leave program in place." All other developed countries surveyed by the International Labor Organization have programs mandating at least some paid maternity leave. An international study by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development found the same thing. The benefit is not available to all workers in some countries, but Boysko doesn’t claim that it is. So we rate her statement True.  

Families,Jobs,Women,Virginia,Jennifer Boysko

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Viral image

2021-02-11 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

“The United States is the only industrialized, modernized country that does not already have a paid family medical leave program in place.”

Eric Litke

2021-01-27 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/27/jim-steineke/steinekes-actions-words-dont-match-covid-19-bill/

Steineke’s actions, words don’t match on COVID-19 bill

After going through the last eight months of 2020 without passing a single bill, Wisconsin’s Republican-led Legislature is taking another run at addressing the coronavirus pandemic. The Legislature was at odds with Democratic Gov. Tony Evers throughout the past year, and rebuffed numerous attempts by Evers to force them into session.  But the state Senate signaled a potential move toward the middle when it passed a coronavirus relief package Jan. 12, 2021, that had been negotiated with Evers. Senate Majority Leader Devin LeMahieu, R-Oostburg, said that bill "addresses the critically-important needs of school districts, non-profit organizations, and small employers." Evers called that bill — an amended version of an Assembly bill — "a good faith effort in compromise and bipartisanship" and urged the Assembly to pass it as amended and send it to his desk for a signature. Instead, the Assembly added back in many of the elements the Senate had removed, passing their own version on Jan. 26. This new version now goes back to the Senate, which must decide whether it’s close enough to their version to approve. If approved, Evers would have to decide whether he is comfortable signing it as well. Assembly Majority Leader Jim Steineke, R-Kaukauna, touted the bill this way on Twitter: "Here in Madison, you learn quickly that give and take is needed to get things done," Steineke said. "Assembly Republicans have come to the table and made concessions to get this much-needed relief to hard-working Wisconsin families." This paints a picture of a back-and-forth where Assembly Republicans worked with the other side to reach a consensus. Is that really what happened? Let’s take a closer look at how Steineke’s words and actions line up. Actions speak louder We’re coming out of a year in which the Wisconsin Legislature did less than almost any other state legislative body to address the ongoing pandemic, even though it is one of just 10 full-time legislatures in the nation.  The Legislature has passed no bills on the topic since mid-April, when both bodies passed wide-ranging legislation addressing unemployment, health care, education and government procedures, many of which applied only during the first public health emergency that Evers declared in March. The state Senate moved to block this partisan logjam in negotiating with Evers — a step that was rarely taken between the legislative and executive branches in 2020 — by producing the compromise bill. The Republican-run Senate passed the bill 29-2, and Evers promised to sign it. The Assembly, which had expected the Senate to pass its original version, balked at the changes. Their updated version doesn’t restore all the elements of the original, but it does add back in elements the Senate removed amid its negotiations with Evers.  In short, the Assembly rejected the Senate’s bipartisan deal that Evers would have signed in favor of its own version that "fights for the conservative ideals we know are important to our constituents throughout the state," as Steineke phrased it in another tweet. Alesha Emmert, a spokeswoman for Steineke, said Jan. 26 the "give and take" he referenced was with his own party. She said Republican leaders of the Assembly and Senate "discussed amendment language ahead of today’s floor period to see if common ground could be achieved." But LeMahieu, the Senate leader, disputed that characterization. "We are concerned that the changes that the Assembly made will cause the governor to veto the bill, and all along we wanted to make sure that we produced a bill that the governor could sign and would address the needs of Wisconsin," LeMahieu told WisPolitics.com after the Assembly vote. And Britt Cudaback, a spokeswoman for Gov. Tony Evers, said the Assembly didn’t work with Evers on their new version of the coronavirus bill. Our ruling After the Assembly ignored a Senate-backed compromise to pass its own coronavirus bill, Steineke said, "Here in Madison, you learn quickly that give and take is needed to get things done," claiming Assembly Republicans had "come to the table" and compromised. This characterization of the Assembly action is disingenuous at best. Steineke’s verbiage referencing compromise — typically used to refer to politicians from opposing parties finding a middle ground — doesn’t reference bipartisanship at all. Evers wasn’t part of this process. And whatever negotiations occurred between the GOP leaders of the Senate and Assembly, this description clearly overreaches given LeMahieu’s immediate criticism of the result. That’s not getting things done, and it’s not in line with Steineke’s "give and take" description. We rate this claim False.

States,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Jim Steineke

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Charlie Kirk

2021-01-26 00:00:00

a committee debate.:

Assembly Republicans “have come to the table” and were part of “give and take” compromise on a coronavirus bill.

Daniel Funke

2021-01-27 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/27/instagram-posts/bill-gates-didnt-say-3-billion-people-need-die-rev/

Bill Gates didn’t say ‘3 billion people need to die’ to reverse climate change

A viral video on Instagram falsely claims Bill Gates wants billions of people to die. The video, published Jan. 25 by Philadelphia pundit Umar Johnson, starts with a selfie video of someone speaking in a car and imploring his audience to watch the upcoming video. Then, it transitions to a TikTok clip of a man speaking into a microphone behind a laptop. "There’s too many people on the planet we need to get rid of. In the words of Bill Gates, at least 3 billion people need to die," the man says. "So we’ll just start off in Africa, we’ll start doing our research there and we’ll eliminate more of the Africans because they’re deplorable, they’re worthless, they’re not part of this world economy." "21st Century Afrikan Holocaust," Johnson wrote in his caption. The video was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook, which owns Instagram.) It has more than 497,000 views. (Screenshot from Instagram) Since the coronavirus pandemic began, Gates, co-founder of Microsoft and a billionaire philanthropist, has been a frequent target of disinformation. So we wanted to take a closer look at whether he said something close to what’s in this video. The post is inaccurate — Gates never said 3 billion people should die to stave off the effects of climate change. Other fact-checkers have debunked the viral claim. The clip comes from a video uploaded to YouTube in November 2019 by the International Tribunal for Natural Justice, a group that has aired false claims that 5G technology helps the coronavirus spread. The video features testimony from Robert O. Young, a man who claims to have "successful treatments to cure cancer." Young’s work is based on the theory that acidity is the cause of all disease and that an alkaline diet is the cure. In 2017, he was sentenced for practicing medicine without a license in California. In September 2020, the Federal Trade Commission sent Young a warning letter for making a variety of "unsubstantiated claims for coronavirus prevention and treatment" on his websites. Young’s comments about Gates start about an hour and a half into the video. Later, he says international health agencies are "using chemical warfare against all of us." Young also likens vaccines to poison. Vaccines have saved millions of lives over the years. Young’s comments about Gates take something the billionaire said about climate change out of context. In 2010, Gates gave a TED Talk on energy and climate change. During the presentation, he lays out four factors that could help countries zero out their carbon dioxide emissions. One of them is population. "The world today has 6.8 billion people. That's headed up to about 9 billion," he said. "Now, if we do a really great job on new vaccines, health care, reproductive health services, we could lower that by, perhaps, 10 or 15%. But there, we see an increase of about 1.3 (billion)." Gates wasn’t talking about decreasing the population — he was talking about decreasing its rate of growth.  In their 2014 annual letter, Bill and Melinda Gates wrote that there is a strong positive correlation between infant mortality and birth rates. They argue that decreasing infant mortality rate by expanding access to health care and education could lead to slower population growth over time. "When children are well-nourished, fully vaccinated, and treated for common illnesses like diarrhea, malaria, and pneumonia, the future gets a lot more predictable," the letter says. "Parents start making decisions based on the reasonable expectation that their children will live." We found no evidence that Bill Gates has advocated for the death of 3 billion people in African countries. The Gates Foundation told PolitiFact that the claim is false. In fact, Gates makes clear in the 2014 report that he does not support letting people die to slow population growth. "We make the future sustainable when we invest in the poor, not when we insist on their suffering," the letter says. The Instagram post is inaccurate. We rate it False. RELATED: YouTube video takes Bill Gates out of context on coronavirus vaccinations

Climate Change,Facebook Fact-checks,Instagram posts

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Jennifer Boysko

2021-01-18 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says Bill Gates said “at least 3 billion people need to die” from the planet.

Miriam Valverde

2021-01-27 00:00:00

true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/27/marco-rubio/how-joe-bidens-first-executive-orders-compare-past/

How Joe Biden’s first executive orders compare with past presidents

Sen. Marco Rubio, R. Fla., claimed that President Joe Biden talks like a centrist, but is "governing like someone from the far-left." "He has issued more executive fiats than anyone in such a short period of time, ever, more than Obama, more than Trump, more than anyone," Rubio said in a video. Is that true? Rubio tweeted the video shortly before 8 a.m. Jan. 22, so we evaluated Rubio’s claim based on actions Biden had taken up to that point (Jan. 20-21). Setting aside the political implications of the word "fiat," we found that available evidence supports Rubio’s assessment: Biden’s use of the executive power in his first two days far outpaced that of his predecessors. Rubio’s office did not respond to our requests for information.     Available evidence backs Rubio’s claim The total number of presidential directives signed by Biden during his first two days in office is greater than the number signed by Presidents Donald Trump and Barack Obama over the same period. Biden issued 17 executive orders on his first two days in office, compared with Trump who issued one and Obama who issued two. Biden issued three proclamations, while Trump and Obama each issued one. Executive orders state how to manage the operations of the executive branch of the federal government. Proclamations communicate information on holidays, commemorations, special observances, trade, and policy. The Office of the Federal Register numbers each executive order and proclamation consecutively as part of a series and publishes them in the daily Federal Register after the White House sends over the information. Other presidential documents, such as memoranda and notices, are not numbered but are also published. The Office of the Federal Register is in the process of digitizing documents published prior to 1994. So we were unable to use that source to compare Biden’s actions with all other presidents. We turned instead to the American Presidency Project, a nonpartisan source of presidential documents hosted at the University of California, Santa Barbara. If Rubio was referring to a president’s first two days in office (instead of any two-day period), the available documents show that he is correct dating back to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, whose first inauguration was in 1933, said Gerhard Peters, a political science professor at Citrus College and co-director of the American Presidency Project. The available record before FDR isn’t complete enough to say definitively whether Rubio is also right about earlier presidents, but experts said it’s likely that his claim still holds. "Before FDR, presidents simply did not charge into office as prepared for action," said John Woolley, co-director of American Presidency Project and professor emeritus of political science at UCSB. "Even Lincoln, judging by the record assembled by (his secretaries John G. Nicolay and John Hay), did not fire off as many orders as Biden despite there already being an active revolt in progress." Many of Biden’s executive orders target the pandemic Rubio used the word "fiat" — a politicized term that would suggest Biden rushed in sweeping and long-lasting policy changes. However, Biden in his first two days issued 10 executive orders and one memorandum to address a specific issue that’s actively affecting the entire nation: the coronavirus pandemic. Biden was sworn into office around the time the United States recorded about 400,000 deaths from COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus. Here’s a rundown of those specific actions: Executive order mandating use of masks on federal property Executive order creating the position of COVID-19 response coordinator Executive order requiring masks in all forms of public transportation Executive order to develop and expand access to COVID-19 treatments Executive order to improve the collection and sharing of COVID-19 data Executive order to secure supplies necessary for responding to the pandemic Executive order to ensure equitable pandemic response and recovery Executive order to support the reopening and continuing operation of schools Executive order to protect workers from COVID-19 under the Occupational Safety and Health Act Executive order establishing the COVID-19 Pandemic Testing Board Memorandum extending federal support to governors’ use of the National Guard in their COVID-19 response "No one would doubt the need for executive action to deal with an overwhelming health crisis, so this crisis situation makes this a unique point in time," said John Frendreis, a professor emeritus of political science at Loyola University Chicago. "Rubio’s comment is technically correct, although when taken together with the context, it is exaggerated." Besides those COVID-19 measures, Biden’s actions included an order requiring an ethics pledge from his appointees and directives revoking several of Trump’s policies. It’s become more common for presidents to issue executive actions and for the other party to dislike it, said Daniel Gitterman, a public policy professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. "When it’s the president of the opposite party, they call it executive fiat, and when it’s the president of the same party, they call it bold action," Gitterman said. According to the Federal Register, Trump signed 220 executive orders during his four years in office. Throughout their eight-year administrations, Obama signed 276 executive orders and George W. Bush signed 291. Our ruling Rubio said Biden "has issued more executive fiats than anyone in such a short period of time, ever, more than Obama, more than Trump, more than anyone." Fiats" is a politically loaded term and ignores that many of Biden’s directives were specific to the ongoing pandemic. Still, the available evidence on the number of directives issued supports Rubio’s claim. We rate it True. RELATED: Which campaign promises did Joe Biden tackle first? RELATED: Here's what Donald Trump did his first week as president of the United States

History,Coronavirus,Marco Rubio

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Instagram posts

2021-01-25 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says Biden's Rolex belonged to his late son Beau.

Amy Sherman

2020-11-23 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/23/david-perdue/ga-sen-david-perdues-claim-jon-ossoff-socialist-pa/

Ga. Sen. David Perdue’s claim that Jon Ossoff is a socialist is Pants on Fire

In one of the two Georgia runoffs that will determine which party controls the U.S. Senate, GOP incumbent David Perdue used the S word — socialism — to brand his opponent, Democrat Jon Ossoff. Perdue’s attack came in an interview on a TV show hosted by Mike Huckabee, the Republican former Arkansas governor and presidential candidate.  "Philosophically, where do you and (Ossoff) differ significantly? What’s the main difference between you?" Huckabee asked. "Well, it’s very simple," Perdue replied. "He’s a socialist."  Perdue has used the term repeatedly about Ossoff, although more often he refers to what he claims is the documentary filmmaker’s support of a socialist agenda. President Donald Trump labeled Joe Biden a socialist — a claim we rated False, but one that some believe helped Trump win Florida in the Nov. 3 election. Much of the evidence Perdue cites about Ossoff’s policy positions is inaccurate. And even if what he cited were correct, it doesn’t amount to Ossoff being a socialist.  What is socialism? Socialism has support among a significant number of Americans, particularly those who see it as promoting equality and more social services. A September 2020 Hill-HarrisX poll found that slightly more Democratic voters view socialism more favorably than capitalism.  Strictly speaking, however, the most narrow definition of socialism refers to "governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods." Ossoff has not stated support for such government control.  When Sen. Bernie Sanders, a self-described democratic socialist, or Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., speak of socialism,  they are referring to expanding the social programs already available, along with potentially higher tax rates to pay for them. But Ossoff opposes Sanders’ Medicare for All and Ocasio-Cortez’s Green New Deal. RELATED: PolitiFact fact-checks and articles about the Georgia runoffs Perdue’s evidence Perdue’s campaign said Ossoff’s "socialist agenda" includes support for defunding the police, "government-controlled health care," the Green New Deal and "no borders." Leaving aside whether any of those positions amounts to socialism, Ossoff has said he opposes defunding the police; opposes Medicare for All and supports private insurance; opposes the Green New Deal; and opposes abolishing U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) while supporting "strong border security." Perdue’s campaign also said Ossoff supports sanctuary cities, higher taxes and changing the makeup of the Senate to "favor Democrats." None of those positions is socialism. Ossoff has said, "I don't think it's the role of local law enforcement to enforce federal immigration law," but has not stated support for sanctuary cities. He "supports lower taxes for all but the wealthiest Americans." Ossoff does support statehood for the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, which are seen as more likely to elect Democratic senators. Perdue’s campaign also said Ossoff is a socialist because of support from Sanders, Ocasio-Cortez and "California liberals." But Ossoff doesn’t support Sanders’ Medicare for All, under which a single, national health insurance program would cover everyone who lives in the United States; or Ocasio-Cortez’s Green New Deal, which is centered on climate change, but incorporates everything from racial justice to labor union policy. "It’s somewhat difficult to classify Ossoff ideologically, as he has never held elective office and has a relatively brief history in the public spotlight," said Zachary Peskowitz, a political scientist at Emory University in Atlanta. "With that caveat in mind, his campaign statements and debate performances are consistent with a middle-of-the-road Democrat." Jeffrey Lazarus, a political science professor at Georgia State University, also described Ossoff as mainstream. "Forget for a moment the massive levels of misunderstanding that pervade discourse around the word socialism. Looking just at Ossoff’s policy positions, they’re pretty mainstream Democratic policy positions," Lazarus said. "As far as I can tell, Ossoff isn’t calling for any policy that is particularly left-wing." Our ruling Perdue said Ossoff is a socialist. As evidence, Purdue said Ossoff supports policies that Ossoff actually does not support, such as Medicare for All and the Green New Deal. Those policies don’t constitute socialism. Ossoff is not a socialist. Perdue’s statement is false and ridiculous. We rate it Pants on Fire. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Georgia,Candidate Biography,David Perdue

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Facebook posts

2021-01-25 00:00:00

an

Says Jon Ossoff is “a socialist.”

Samantha Putterman

2020-11-23 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/23/facebook-posts/viral-video-features-array-doctored-photos-and-con/

Viral video targeting Obama features an array of doctored photos and conspiracy theories

A video spreading widely on Facebook opens with a fake Time magazine cover showing Barack Obama and then piles on more misinformation about the former president over more than four minutes. "Time is up" and "Treason" appear as headlines on the supposed cover of the magazine, and there’s a partial headline that’s cut off: "How former president Barack Obama was the kingpin of the biggest political scandal in modern..."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  We reviewed Time covers from 2008, when Obama was elected, to date and found no cover matching the image in the video.  The video goes on to share more fake images of the president among unfounded claims.  About 17 seconds into the video, one photo has been edited to show Obama wearing a turban while standing next to Osama bin Laden. In the original image, released by Hillary Clinton’s presidential campaign in February 2008, Obama was dressed as a Somali elder by Sheikh Mahmed Hassan, who is standing next to Obama during his visit to northeastern Kenya.  The next image in the video shows former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, Clinton and Obama all posing separately with bin Laden. We’ve already fact-checked those photos — they’re fake.  About 45 seconds into the video, an image of Obama and Clinton appears with this text: "They paid a foreign government to falsify information, than lied to the courts to spy and overthrow Trump. Democrats lied and impeached Trump to hide their crimes."  This touches on other claims we’ve already checked.  After Trump won the Republican nomination, the Democratic National Committee hired an opposition firm called Fusion GPS to collect information on him. Fusion GPS then hired former British spy Christopher Steele to produce memos on Trump’s ties to Russia. He wrote a dossier that included salacious but unverified claims about Trump.  In September 2019, House Democrats launched a formal impeachment inquiry on grounds that Trump illegally used his position as president to solicit help from a foreign government to damage his political opponent. We have a timeline of the impeachment proceedings, from 2013 through late 2019, here.  About a minute and 11 seconds into the video, a photo of Obama appears with the names "Jean Paul Ludwig" and "Barry Soetoro" and a Social Security number. These refer to inaccurate claims that Obama’s real name is Barry Soetoro and that Obama has illegally been using the Social Security number of a dead man, Ludwig.  The video also uses imagery and slogans associated with the wide-ranging QAanon conspiracy, which asserts without evidence that Trump is fighting against a deep-state cabal of pedophiles seeking to overthrow the president. About a minute and 45 seconds in, it claims that Obama helped "plan a coup" and that he should "pay the price" for treason.  After that, another fake image appears, showing Obama kissing David Cameron, Britain’s former prime minister.  Later in the video, a photo of former presidents Bill Clinton, George W. Bush and Obama appears and perpetuates the conspiracy theory that mass shootings in the United States are orchestrated by the government to achieve its policy agenda.  "Trump is sending us all to Gitmo for life," Clinton appears to be saying in the image.  "Let’s plan another mass shooting," Bush says.  "We can’t," Obama responds, "all the restaurants and theaters are closed."  Toward the end of the video, yet another doctored image appears. Snopes checked this one — it appears to show Russian President Vladimir Putin pulling Obama’s tie, but that didn’t happen.  We rate these images False.  

Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Ron Klain

2021-01-24 00:00:00

an

Says George Soros was arrested in Philadelphia for election interference.

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-11-20 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/21/joe-sanfelippo/voters-not-clerks-decided-who-was-indefinitely-con/

Voters, not clerks, decided who was on "indefinitely confined" list

A number of old election controversies are roaring back to life amid the Wisconsin recount, including the question of votes cast by indefinitely confined voters. Voters who declare themselves in that category — and under state law it’s up to the voter — are able to cast an absentee ballot without having to provide a copy of a photo ID, which is otherwise required for voters. After President Donald Trump lost Wisconsin by 20,600 votes, his campaign requested a recount in Milwaukee and Dane counties — Democratic strongholds and the state’s two largest counties. On Nov. 20, 2020, Trump attorneys sought to discard any ballot from a voter who declared themselves indefinitely confined in Dane County.  The county’s Board of Canvassers denied that request, but it was expected to also resurface in the Milwaukee County recount and later in court. State Rep. Joe Sanfelippo, R-New Berlin, raised a similar objection in a Nov. 9 statement, with an additional accusation. His release talked about the need for confidence in election outcomes and asserted "a great number of irregularities have taken place leading up to and including this past Election Day that have breached the trust of the electorate."  (For the record, election officials have reported no such irregularities, and a canvass has since confirmed the size of Trump’s loss to Democrat Joe Biden.) Sanfelippo then said this: "Clerks in Milwaukee and Dane Counties colluded to (add) nearly 250,000 individuals to the ‘Indefinitely Confined’ voter list." Sanfelippo is effectively making two claims: That clerks added 250,000 people to this list and that they colluded in doing so. We’ll examine both elements. Who is indefinitely confined? The crux of the controversy is who exactly can claim to be indefinitely confined, as we sit in the middle of an ongoing pandemic. The issue surfaced when Dane County Clerk Scott McDonell sent an email March 25, 2020, to the municipal clerks in his county saying this: "During this emergency and based on the Governors Stay at Home order I am declaring all Dane County voters may indicate as needed that they are indefinitely confined due to illness.  This declaration will make it easier for Dane County voters to participate in this election by mail in these difficult times." McDonell then shared that email with every county clerk in the state. Milwaukee County Clerk George Christenson released a statement the same day saying voters there could do likewise. On March 27, the Wisconsin Elections Commission met and provided more detailed guidance on indefinitely confined status. The two key points: Designation of indefinitely confined status is for each individual voter to make based upon their current circumstance. It does not require permanent or total inability to travel outside of the residence. The designation is appropriate for electors who are indefinitely confined because of age, physical illness or infirmity or are disabled for an indefinite period. Indefinitely confined status shall not be used by electors simply as a means to avoid the photo ID requirement without regard to whether they are indefinitely confined because of age, physical illness, infirmity or disability.  Christenson then issued revised advice, saying, "It is very important to note that 'indefinite confinement' based only upon the Governor’s Safer at Home Emergency Order cannot be used to legally avoid the photo ID requirement." Also on March 27, the Republican Party went to court to block the Dane County advice that the stay-at-home order allowed anyone to claim they were indefinitely confined. Four days later the Wisconsin Supreme Court sided with the GOP. In a statement responding to that ruling, McDonell said, "My intent at all times was to protect the safety of seniors afraid to leave their homes due to this pandemic." He said he simply attempted to follow guidelines from the commission. McDonell noted that letters were also sent to all voters who claimed that status in May, confirming whether they remained indefinitely confined. The list The indefinitely confined voter concept originates in a section of state statute that says this: "An elector who is indefinitely confined because of age, physical illness or infirmity or is disabled for an indefinite period may by signing a statement to that effect require that an absentee ballot be sent to the elector automatically for every election. The application form and instructions shall be prescribed by the commission, and furnished upon request to any elector by each municipality. The envelope containing the absentee ballot shall be clearly marked as not forwardable. If any elector is no longer indefinitely confined, the elector shall so notify the municipal clerk." In others words, it’s up to the voter. The elections commission makes this explicitly clear in a May 13, 2020, memo, saying "all changes to status must be made in writing and by the voter’s request." It noted clerks don’t have the power to remove anyone from the indefinitely confined list either, unless the voter requests it. So Sanfelippo’s claim about clerks adding voters to the list is misleading at best in that it implies decision-making power lies with clerks. Local clerks simply record the decisions made by voters. Sanfelippo and his staff did not return a phone call or emails seeking evidence for his claim, or information on where the 250,000 number came from. That figure may have been drawn from a MacIver Institute report that said about 250,000 people were listed as indefinitely confined in the days before the Nov. 3 election, including many who registered as such after the April election. Reid Magney, spokesman for the elections commission, said about 215,000 ballots were returned in the Nov. 3 election from voters listed as indefinitely confined. No proof of "collusion" Since Sanfelippo didn’t respond to our requests for comment, we also don’t know exactly what he was referring to as collusion. McDonell said he was confused by the allegation. "I guess I am not sure what is meant by collusion. I let all the county clerks in the state know what I was telling my municipal clerks, including Milwaukee," he said in an email to PolitiFact Wisconsin. Merriam-Webster defines collusion as a "secret agreement or cooperation especially for an illegal or deceitful purpose." That’s a high bar to clear for Sanfelippo. There’s a big difference between a secret agreement for deceitful purposes and the communication we know of — an email that included not just two clerks but every clerk in the state. A March 26, 2020, memo from the nonpartisan Legislative Reference Bureau said it would be appropriate, consistent with elections commission guidance and "simply a matter of public outreach" for clerks to encourage people who are legitimately unable to vote in person to claim that indefinitely confined status, "assuming the clerks make a good faith effort to determine if the voter understands his or her declaration." Our ruling Sanfelippo said, "Clerks in Milwaukee and Dane Counties colluded to (add) nearly 250,000 individuals to the ‘Indefinitely Confined’ voter list." Each element of this claim runs into issues. Clerks don’t determine who is on the list as this implies, they simply record which voters list themselves this way. They don’t even have the authority to remove someone from it. And we’ve seen no evidence of the boldest element of this claim, that some kind of collusion was involved. The two clerks did communicate, but as part of a larger group email. For our fact checks, the burden of proof is on the speaker, who refused to provide any evidence. We rate this claim False.

Elections,States,Wisconsin,Joe Sanfelippo

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Bloggers

2020-11-23 00:00:00

a blog post:

Photo shows Time magazine cover with Barack Obama that says “Treason.”

Eric Litke

2020-11-20 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/20/sidney-powell/sidney-powell-claim-450000-votes-were-only-biden-k/

Fact-checking Sidney Powell’s claim that 450,000 ballots in key states were marked only for Biden

Former federal prosecutor Sidney Powell has been waging a war against the legitimacy of the 2020 election, appearing on several conservative TV programs with unsubstantiated claims of nefarious activity that she says unfairly threw the election for President-elect Joe Biden. On Nov. 8, Powell, who served as an attorney for former Trump administration national security adviser Michael Flynn, appeared on Maria Bartiromo’s Sunday morning Fox News show and said that Democrats are fraudulently creating ballots that exist only for Biden:  "We have identified at least 450,000 ballots in the key states that miraculously only have a mark for Joe Biden on them, and no other candidate."  The fact that many voters voted for Biden but not for candidates in other races, Powell argued, was problematic and indicative of fraud. Bartiromo breaks down the 450,000 figure to five states, saying to Powell: "You say it’s 98,000 ballots in Pennsylvania, 80,000 to 90,000 in Georgia, another 42,000 in Arizona, 69,000 to 115,000 in Michigan and 62,000 in Wisconsin." The numbers do add up to approximately 450,000 votes and appear to have originated in a Nov. 7 tweet by the editor of a conservative news website called The National Pulse.  But this omits the context that undervoting, a practice where voters mark their choice for one race but skip making selections in other races down the ballot, is not a new or shocking phenomenon. It occurs in every election. More than 24 million people voted in the election in the states that Bartiromo cites, making the 450,000 people who Powell says apparently voted for Biden and skipped the rest of the ballot less than 2%. Verifying the 450,000 figure We weren’t able to verify the exact figures Bartiromo and Powell cited. We attempted to contact Powell about how she arrived at those numbers, but did not hear back. But using the New York Times elections data on Nov. 20, we did find that there were nearly 450,000 more votes cast for president in those five states than there were for the down-ballot U.S. House of Representatives races: 124,390 more votes in Pennsylvania; 117,458 more in Georgia; 31,123 more in Arizona; 115,717 more in Michigan; and 61,125 more in Wisconsin. We don’t have data showing that all those votes were cast only for Biden, though. PolitiFact also reached out to top election officials in each of the states. The Michigan Secretary of State’s Office told us that the number is "easily disproven by looking at unofficial vote totals, either on our state website or individual county ones."  Arizona and Wisconsin officials both said they don’t have official statewide results yet, and are currently accepting canvass results from its respective counties. Undervoting in American elections There is nothing fraudulent about people voting for president or other offices at the top of the ballot and then skipping over offices further down the ballot, said Barry Burden, a political science professor and director of the Elections Research Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. "This kind of ballot roll-off is entirely understandable and occurs in every election. There is nothing at all ‘miraculous’ about some voters only being interested in voting for president," Burden said. "Roll-off is most common when down ballot races are uncompetitive, but it happens even when those races are closely contested." He pointed to Pennsylvania’s highly competitive 2016 U.S. Senate race as an example. The presidential race attracted 6.12 million votes in the battleground state, but the Senate race tallied 64,000 fewer votes. The Federal Election Commission provides vote totals for past elections that include tables that show how many voters made selections for the Senate, the House of Representatives and, when applicable, the president. In 2016, for example, 136,669,276 people voted for president. About 5 million fewer — 131,652,452 — voted for a member of the U.S. House. In past presidential elections, in almost every state cited in Powell’s claim, certified elections data shows there have been several thousand more votes for president than for other races down the ballot. (An exception is Michigan in 2012, when there were more votes for the U.S. house than for president.)  Some voters aren’t given a chance to vote for a senator, but every voter does have the opportunity to vote for a member of the House. Here is a look at the undervote numbers between presidential races and House races in each state in prior presidential election years:   Robert Speel, a political science professor at Penn State University, said that 450,000 ballots marked for Biden and no other candidate sounds normal, and might even be an undercount of such ballots. "Those who are falsely claiming potential fraud because of 450,000 ballots marked only for Biden need to report how many ballots they found marked only for Trump and no other candidate; it would likely be a similarly high number," Speel said. Election data experts also told PolitiFact that the rate of undervotes matters more than Powell’s number in a comparison of different elections. Charles Stewart, a political science professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, tweeted about this on Nov. 6. Tabulation results for early and election day voting, Stewart said, showed an undervote rate of 0.39% for both Biden and Trump. "Thus far there's no evidence of unusual numbers of over or under votes, and indeed, it looks significantly lower than in 2016," Stewart wrote. Our ruling Powell said at least "450,000 ballots in the key states that miraculously only have a mark for Joe Biden on them, and no other candidate." We could not confirm that figure, but it does seem in line with the difference between the numbers of total votes cast in the presidential race and those cast in the down ballot House races in those states. We don’t see evidence that all of these votes were for Biden, however. Powell presented this unremarkable undervoting statistic as evidence of fraud. Her statement fails to provide the key context that the practice of undervoting is common and does not indicate ballots have been fraudulently manufactured. We rate this False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Arizona,Georgia,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Wisconsin,Pennsylvania,Michigan,Sidney Powell

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Facebook posts

2020-11-22 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Clerks in Milwaukee and Dane Counties colluded to (add) nearly 250,000 individuals to the ‘Indefinitely Confined’ voter list.”

Samantha Putterman

2020-11-20 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/20/rudy-giuliani/giuliani-cites-affidavit-crucial-errors-press-conf/

Giuliani cites affidavit with crucial errors in press conference

During a Nov. 19 press conference, Rudy Giuliani, a lawyer representing President Donald Trump, charged that many precincts in Michigan — a key state won by his Democratic opponent, President-elect Joe Biden — recorded more votes than actual voters.  In Michigan, he said, "we have over-votes in numerous precincts of 150%, 200% and 300%."  Giuliani’s source for these percentages was an affidavit authored by Russell Ramsland, a security consultant and former Republican congressional candidate. The document alleges that anomalies in the vote count indicate that Michigan election results were "manipulated." "There were at least 19 precincts where the Presidential Votes Cast compared to the Estimated Voters based on Reported Statistics exceeded 100%," the affidavit reads. The document then goes on to list the 19 precincts, shown in this screenshot: But there’s a problem, and it’s a big one: All 19 of the precincts cited in the affidavit are actually located in Minnesota, not Michigan.  A separate part of the affidavit focuses on Wayne County, Mich., which includes Detroit. Of 47 Wayne County precincts, the document lists 25 that allegedly showed 100% turnout. Here’s that portion of the document: This portion of the document isn’t accurate either: None of the 25 precincts listed are actually in Wayne County. Like the 19 precincts cited above, each is located in Minnesota.  Powerline, a conservative blog, was the first to report that the affidavit cited Minnesota rather than Michigan voting jurisdictions. (A possible explanation is Michigan’s postal abbreviation is MI, while Minnesota’s is MN.) Other media outlets confirmed these discrepancies. Voters wait to cast their votes on Nov. 3, 2020, at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design. (AP) When we checked data from the office of the Minnesota secretary of state, we found no support for the affidavit’s conclusions. In the five townships cited as having the largest number of over-votes, the number of votes on election day was smaller than the number of registered voters.  For example, the affidavit cites Minnesota’s Benville Township as having 350% voter turnout, which would be by far the largest over-voting rate alleged in the document. Both Giuliani and Trump lawyer Sidney Powell cited the 350% figure in the Nov. 19 press conference.  However, according to the Minnesota Secretary of State’s election data, 63 people voted in the township, and 71 were registered to vote, a turnout rate of 89%.  The Washington Post, which cross-checked numbers from the five precincts alleged to have the highest number of over-votes, found that the Ramsland affidavit overestimated the numbers in all five precincts.  Risikat Adesaogun, a spokesperson for the Minnesota Secretary of State’s office, told PolitiFact that "we have canvassed at the county level, and we don’t have any clarity about the contents of the affidavit and the source of the alleged data." Even if the data in the affidavit were accurate, it would do little to further the Trump campaign’s baseless argument that massive voter fraud swung the election to Biden. For instance, election data from the Minnesota secretary of state’s office shows that Benville Township voted overwhelmingly for Trump, not Biden.  It’s unclear what data Ramsland used to arrive at his percentages. We reached out to him but haven’t heard back.  L. Lin Wood, another Trump campaign lawyer, has filed the affidavit as part of a lawsuit in Georgia. When reached by email, Wood called the labeling of the numbers as being from Michigan rather than Minnesota a "simple mistake" and said the document "will be corrected if it hasn’t been already." "We are imperfect," he told PolitiFact. Our ruling Giuliani said that in Michigan, "we have over-votes in numerous precincts of 150%, 200% and 300%." The numbers come from an affidavit filed by lawyers working for Trump, but the jurisdictions cited are in Minnesota, not Michigan. Furthermore, the Minnesota data cited in the affidavit do not square with actual data from the Minnesota Secretary of State’s office. The official data shows no over-voting.  A Trump campaign lawyer acknowledged a "simple mistake" and said the document would be "corrected." We rate this claim Pants on Fire! Clara Hendrickson contributed to this report. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Elections,Michigan,Rudy Giuliani

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Joe Sanfelippo

2020-11-09 00:00:00

a news release:

“At least 450,000 ballots in the key states ... miraculously only have a mark for Joe Biden on them, and no other candidate."

Louis Jacobson

2020-11-20 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/nov/20/joe-biden/biden-mischaracterizes-teacher-layoffs-pandemic/

Biden mischaracterizes teacher layoffs from pandemic

Speaking about the economic toll facing public schools, President-elect Joe Biden overstated the number of teachers who have been laid off since the start of the coronavirus pandemic. "There’s already a circumstance where nationwide, because of the requirement of school districts, county offices, mayors, governors having to balance their budgets, they’ve already had to lay off 666,000 teachers," Biden said Nov. 18 during a virtual event with frontline workers.  "666,000 teachers have been laid off already since March," he repeated. Biden is right that the pandemic has challenged public schools. Many teachers are at high risk for severe illness due to COVID-19, and many school districts are strapped for funds as they try to balance their budgets without more assistance from the federal government. But the former vice president’s assertion that schools have laid off 666,000 teachers since March is inflated. The number he cited refers to the roughly 666,000 local government education jobs that went away between March and October, according to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.  Not all of those workers were teachers, and not all of them were laid off. The Biden team did not respond to requests for comment. Not all school staff are teachers The Bureau of Labor Statistics provides data that shows net changes in the number of people employed in an industry from month to month. For "local government education," an industry that primarily consists of jobs in public K-12 schools, the data shows that the number of workers dropped from 8,041,600 in March to 7,375,800 in October. That’s a net loss of about 665,800 workers. Between February and October, the decline was about 666,200 workers.  The latter number — 666,200 — was cited in a Nov. 10 report by Pew Charitable Trusts. But Pew described the figure accurately as a net decrease in local government education jobs.  "Those aren’t necessarily going to be teachers," said Elise Gould, a senior economist at the Economic Policy Institute who has written about public education job losses in the pandemic.  A BLS spokesperson said industries such as local government education can contain hundreds of different occupations, from librarians and coaches to administrators and custodial or cafeteria employees. The agency doesn’t collect data that would show job losses just among teachers. In 2019, non-instructional staffers accounted for roughly 30% of all full-time equivalent jobs in public elementary and secondary schools, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Net change versus layoffs The second problem with Biden’s claim is that the 666,000 lost jobs are not all attributable to layoffs. Experts said there’s no data source to show a precise count of how many teachers have been laid off since the start of the pandemic. First grade teacher Megan Garner-Jones teaches students participating remotely and in person during the pandemic at School 16 on Oct. 20, 2020, in Yonkers, N.Y. (AP) The BLS does track the number of layoffs and discharges by industry each month. But it lumps together data for local government education with state government education, which includes public colleges and universities.  Faced with the health threat of COVID-19, reports show some teachers have also quit, taken leaves of absence or retired. A survey of educators that Education Week conducted in July found many teachers saying they were likely to leave their jobs this year due to the pandemic, although the outlet reported recently that it’s unclear how many actually stepped away. One reason why there haven’t been more teachers laid off is that public sector layoffs often lag when recessions hit, said Kate Walsh, president of the National Council on Teacher Quality. Another reason is that many school districts are bound by contracts and laws that restrict when teachers can be notified of layoffs. Experts expect more layoffs to hit teachers the longer the recession drags on.  Our ruling Biden said, "666,000 teachers have been laid off already since March." The 666,000 figure comes from federal data, but it doesn’t describe teacher layoffs. We don’t actually know how many teachers have been laid off due to the pandemic. The 666,000 number reflects the net decrease in local government education jobs since March, but it’s not specific to teachers or job losses due to layoffs. It includes job losses by other school staff, such as cafeteria and custodial workers. We rate Biden’s claim Mostly False.

Education,Coronavirus,Joe Biden

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Rudy Giuliani

2020-11-19 00:00:00

remarks

“666,000 teachers have been laid off already since March."

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-02-16 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/16/mark-pocan/yes-ron-johnson-attended-impeachment-hearings/

Yes, Ron Johnson attended the impeachment hearings

Social media hosted no shortage of debates amid former President Donald Trump’s second impeachment hearing, but a Feb 12, 2021, exchange centering around U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wisconsin, was particularly unexpected. U.S. Rep. Mark Pocan, D-Wisconsin, said Johnson was a no-show on what turned out to be the second-last day of the proceedings. "Hey @SenRonJohnson, were you too busy fighting with YouTube fighting over your crackpot theories on Covid? Do your damn job and show up," Pocan tweeted about 9 a.m., referencing Johnson’s ongoing feud over YouTube removing a video Johnson posted of COVID-related testimony from his Senate committee. It prompted an expected dose of Twitter outrage, with posters condemning Johnson and saying he shouldn’t be able to vote if he didn’t show up. But later that day Johnson spokesman Ben Voelkel said that was a lie and told Milwaukee Journal Sentinel reporter Patrick Marley that Johnson had been in attendance throughout the trial. So who’s right? The background Pinning down attendance is tricky since the hearing took place in the Senate Chamber, but that wasn’t the only way for senators to watch the proceedings. The Senate adopted a resolution allowing senators to leave and watch from the upstairs gallery or from an adjacent room by television. So a senator being absent from the floor for a time doesn’t mean they weren’t watching. Pocan’s assertion that Johnson wasn’t there stemmed from a tweet by author Don Winslow, who has more than 600,000 followers on Twitter. The tweet showed pictures of Johnson and 13 other senators, describing them as "the Senators that chose not to attend the impeachment trial today."  It was retweeted more than 10,000 times before Winslow deleted it sometime Feb. 12. An archived version of the tweet shows it was posted at 1:37 a.m. central time on Feb. 12. Since Winslow lives in California, that would have been 11:37 p.m. on Feb. 11 — meaning it was likely referencing the Feb. 11 proceedings, which had concluded hours earlier. This tweet was spreading widely in the middle of the day Feb. 12, so many interpreted it to be referencing Feb. 12, but the Senate proceedings didn’t begin until 11 a.m. central, about 10 hours after this tweet was sent. We’ll examine both days. Johnson seen in and around chamber In an email to PolitiFact the evening of Feb. 12, Voelkel said his understanding is that Johnson "has been there the entire time." But we don’t have to take his word for it. Johnson was obviously at the hearings Feb. 12. As noted, it’s not possible to prove his location at every moment in the day, but CSPAN video shows Johnson in his assigned seat (back row on the left, fourth from the left as viewed from the front of the room) during a standing ovation for Capitol police officers’ work Jan. 6. In addition, Getty Images captured a picture of him during a recess in the proceedings, USA TODAY captured a photo of him after the day’s session ended and CNN posted an update at 1:30 p.m. with Johnson commenting on the day’s proceedings. Various news organizations also captured images of Johnson in the Capitol around the Feb. 11 hearings: Getty has a picture of him arriving at the beginning, and the Associated Press took a photo of him leaving at the end. CNN reported Feb. 11 at least 15 empty desks on the Republican side at one point, though, as noted, those senators could have been watching from other locations, and the online report didn’t list the senators missing. Pocan’s office provided no evidence that Johnson was absent either day.  Spokesman Usamah Andrabi said the office has "first-hand reports of him being out of the room at times," but with viewing setup from multiple locations that doesn’t prove this claim. Andrabi also asserted the "focus" of the tweet was on Johnson’s COVID conspiracy theories, though that doesn’t ring true given the post was a quote retweet of a claim about Johnson’s attendance. Our ruling Pocan told Johnson to "do your damn job and show up," retweeting a claim that Johnson wasn’t present for that day’s impeachment proceedings. The timeline is a bit odd here, since the tweet that spurred this discussion likely was referencing Feb. 11, but it was being shared and debated in many cases as if it referenced to Feb. 12. In either case the now-deleted tweet was wrong about Johnson. We don’t know what Johnson was doing every moment of every day, but we have photographic proof he was at the Capitol for the Feb. 11 and Feb. 12 impeachment hearings. That makes a claim he didn’t "show up" absurd. Pocan’s office provided no convincing evidence to the contrary. So we have a claim based on a deleted tweet that conflicts with an array of photographic and other documented evidence. That’s false and ridiculous.  Or as we call it, Pants on Fire.

Wisconsin,Mark Pocan

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Tweets

2020-11-18 00:00:00

tweets:

Ron Johnson didn’t “show up” for a day of impeachment hearings.

Ciara O'Rourke

2021-02-15 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/15/ron-johnson/yes-jan-6-capitol-assault-was-armed-insurrection/

Yes, Jan. 6 Capitol assault was an “armed insurrection”

Five people died Jan. 6, 2021, including a U.S. Capitol Police officer, when a mob violently invaded the U.S. Capitol in protest of the November 2020 election results. Few arrests were made that day, but our understanding of the day’s events and the rioters’ motivations has grown over time, as more than 230 people have now been identified and charged, according to a database maintained by National Public Radio. But U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wisconsin, still claims accounts of the day’s events are being exaggerated. He made his case Feb. 15, 2021, in an appearance on "The Jay Weber Show" on WISN radio. "The fact of the matter is this didn’t seem like an armed insurrection to me. I mean armed, when you hear armed, don’t you think of firearms?" Johnson said. "Here’s the questions I would have liked to ask. How many firearms were confiscated? How many shots were fired? I’m only aware of one, and I’ll defend that law enforcement officer for taking that shot." Johnson made a nearly identical claim later that morning on another Wisconsin radio show. Johnson is couching this as an opinion, but he’s attempting to make a factual case that Jan. 6 wasn’t an "armed insurrection."  So let’s review the evidence on that point. Breaking down the claim Johnson prefaced this comment by claiming that Democrats are painting a picture of every Trump voter being a violent rioter. Certainly not everyone in the crowd was armed. And many clearly came intending only to peacefully protest. But claiming this was not an armed insurrection goes well behind this line of thinking. Many in the crowd attacking the Capitol have said their intent was to stop the vote confirmation and keep Trump in office despite the election results. That’s an insurrection. That leaves us with his objection to the word "armed." Yes, carrying a gun would constitute being armed. But the definition of the word is much more broad, referring simply to carrying a weapon. So the question is whether this insurrection involved people carrying weapons. And it certainly did. Reports detail an array of weapons, many makeshift First off we’ll note that any reports of weapons at the Capitol will greatly understate the quantity that was likely there. Only 75 people were arrested that day, and police weren’t doing any widespread searches that would have identified weapons on others present, NBC News notes. "The cops weren't searching people," Mark Jones, a former agent of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives with 20 years of counterterrorism experience told NBC News in a Jan. 13, 2021, story. "I'd speculate that there were many, many more firearms that were there that were not uncovered." But news and official reports are filled with accounts of armed people at the Capitol. Fourteen people tied to the Jan. 6 attack are facing federal charges related to bringing or using dangerous weapons inside the building and two are facing firearms-related charges, according to the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Columbia. NBC News reported that within a week after the attack a dozen guns and thousands of rounds of ammunition had been found on seven people arrested before and after the Capitol riot. Cleveland Grover Meredith, drove to Washington from Colorado with an assault-style Tavor X95 rifle with a telescopic sight, a Glock 9 mm with high-capacity magazines and more than 2,500 rounds of ammunition, including at least 320 rounds of armor-piercing bullets, NBC reported. Reuters said Meredith texted "War time" after hearing Vice President Mike Pence would count electoral votes from states Trump lost. In the trunk of Lonnie Coffman’s vehicle, police found an AR-15-style rifle, a shotgun, a crossbow, several machetes, smoke grenades and 11 Molotov cocktails, Reuters reported. Another man, Christopher Alberts of Maryland, was stopped as he left the Capitol grounds after a police officer spotted a loaded handgun on his hip. Many more people armed themselves by more unorthodox means, causing damage and injury. Robert Sanford, 55, of Pennsylvania, was allegedly caught on video throwing a fire extinguisher at a group of police officers. David Blair, 26, was seen hitting officers with a lacrosse stick, NBC said. Others had pepper spray, brass knuckles, a pipe and pocket knives, and one man was carrying a "stinger whip," a tool with blunt and whip-like edges marketed for self-defense and escaping a locked vehicle. One rioter was caught on video beating a police officer with a flagpole bearing an American flag, NBC Washington reported. The New York Times reviewed video that showed people using stolen police shields, sticks and crutches as weapons. And the man photographed with his feet on the desk of U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi was carrying a 950,000-volt stun gun walking stick, House impeachment manager Stacey Plaskett revealed Feb. 10. Not to mention pipe bombs were found near the Capitol at Republican and Democratic party headquarters. Johnson’s staff did not immediately return an email seeking evidence or explanation of his claim. Our ruling Johnson said the Jan. 6 Capitol riot "didn’t seem like an armed insurrection." That’s ridiculous revisionist history. Overwhelmed police arrested and had direct contact with only a fraction of the mob that day, but we still can identify accounts of numerous weapons found in and around the Capitol, brought there in some cases by people who saw themselves as soldiers in a war. And many other rioters used whatever hard objects they could find to attack police and force their way into the Capitol. A majority of senators, through the impeachment vote, put the blame on Trump for stirring up the riot, though others debate the "why" question for the events of Jan. 6. But the "what" question shouldn't be debated. It was an armed insurrection. We rate this claim Pants on Fire.

Criminal Justice,Guns,Wisconsin,Ron Johnson

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1687, 4478, 420, 3802, 67553, 389, 6785, 2055]

Viral image

2021-02-08 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Jan. 6 Capitol riot “didn’t seem like an armed insurrection.”

Madison Czopek

2021-02-15 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/15/facebook-posts/keystone-xl-suspension-probably-wont-boost-oil-pri/

Keystone XL suspension probably won’t boost oil prices for Americans

One of President Joe Biden’s first official acts effectively halted construction of the Keystone XL pipeline, which was designed to help carry up to 830,000 barrels per day of crude oil from Canada to the Gulf Coast. Does his executive order also make oil more costly for average Americans? A Facebook post, appearing eight days after the order, claimed: "Stopping the pipeline did not change our use of oil. It just made oil more expensive for us to use. Thanks Joe!! What an idiot!!!" The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) There’s no evidence yet that Biden’s decision, which fulfilled a campaign promise dating back to at least May 2020, triggered any spike in oil prices that affects consumers now. But what about the impact over time? We talked to several experts to gauge what effect Biden’s order might have on future prices consumers pay for refined oil products like gasoline, diesel or heating oil.  Some said that given constant demand, taking away the pipeline option would make transporting crude oil less efficient and more costly, at least for producers. But most of them said they doubted that those higher costs would make their way to U.S. consumers, given where the Canadian oil was likely headed, and how the oil markets operate. The pipeline and Biden’s order The Keystone XL pipeline, first proposed more than a decade ago, was to have transported crude oil from Alberta, Canada, to Steele City, Neb., where it would connect with another leg stretching to Gulf Coast refineries.  The Trump administration backed the project in the face of objections from environmental groups. The company building it announced in March 2020 that it was launching construction, saying it would invest $8 billion in the project, with service expected to begin in 2023. But the project was stalled again by litigation over environmental concerns. Biden’s order revoked the pipeline’s construction permit. He said the pipeline would "not be consistent with my administration’s economic and climate imperatives."  No immediate price boost For two benchmark products, the price of oil trended downward in the time between Biden’s order and the Facebook post. The price of West Texas Intermediate crude oil on the spot market was $53.16 per barrel on Jan. 20, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. It was lower each day between then and Jan. 28, the date of the Facebook post, when it was $52.26. The price of Europe Brent was $55.66 per barrel on Jan. 20. It rose 2 cents the next day, but then was lower each day and was $54.87 on Jan. 28. The U.S. Energy Information Administration and the Department of Energy told us they had no analyses on what suspending the pipeline might do to prices. Several energy economics experts we talked to said they saw no evidence that Biden's order has already had an impact on the cost of oil, particularly for consumers. Because the pipeline "would not be available for some time, I do not see how the Biden decision could have already affected the price of oil for consumers," said Jay Hakes, administrator of the EIA during Bill Clinton’s presidency. "If there is any long-term impact on prices at the pump, the change would be very small and unnoticed by customers." How experts see the impact on costs Some experts expect that Biden’s order will result in higher costs in the future, at least for producers, if oil demand recovers.  "It almost certainly will. Killing KXL does nothing to reduce demand for hydrocarbons. It will only make everything more expensive for consumers," said Michelle Michot Foss, a fellow in energy, minerals and materials at Rice University in Houston.  "Constraining sources of supply, especially when demand is building, always impacts prices," Foss said. "Give it a year." Brook Simmons, president of the Petroleum Alliance of Oklahoma, said that "without pipeline transportation, product must be moved by less efficient, more costly" rail or truck.  Toby Mack, president of the Energy Equipment and Infrastructure Alliance, which represents businesses that support natural gas and oil operations, cited a 2014 report from the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service on railroad transportation of crude oil that said "railroad transport reportedly costs in the neighborhood of $10 to $15 per barrel compared with $5 per barrel for pipeline." That report also said the Keystone XL "could move a significant proportion" of crude oil shipments "off the rails, as pipeline transportation is likely to cost less per barrel." Other experts don’t see those higher transport costs automatically being passed on to U.S. consumers, for a variety of reasons. They point to larger market forces that affect prices, including the relatively high worldwide supply of oil. Plus, they note, most oil passing through the Keystone would have been exported, so Americans wouldn’t be the ones paying for it. Less pipeline capacity likely means Canadian oil producers have to use rail more to transport oil to refiners. But they would be under competitive pressure to absorb the added costs of that rather than passing them on, said Richard Masson, chairman of the World Petroleum Council Canada and an executive fellow at the University of Calgary School of Public Policy. "This is because U.S. refiners, particularly on the Gulf Coast where KXL was aimed, have the ability to import crude from tankers, and therefore pay the global price for it," he said. "If Canadian crude was to get more expensive than global crudes on tankers, the U.S. refiners would shift to a higher level of tanker imports." Hakes said most analysts believe that delivery by rail is somewhat more expensive than delivery by pipeline, "but the difference is slight and transportation of crude oil to refineries is a very small part of the overall cost of gasoline at the pump. That is why, if the argument is that motorists will see a difference in purchase prices, it is highly dubious."  Moreover, the world can currently produce much more oil than is needed to meet demand, so "I am confident that the cancellation or delay of the Keystone pipeline would not have any impact on gasoline prices at the pump," Hakes said. Global demand for oil has been depressed over the past year by economic slowdowns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Economics professor Robert Godby, deputy director of the University of Wyoming's Center for Energy Regulation and Policy, said oil prices are set in world markets and "we don’t suffer from supply constraints in this country that raise the cost of oil."  The Keystone XL "could have alleviated some local and regional pipeline bottlenecks in the upper Midwest and northern Rocky Mountain region, but overall should not have been expected to lower oil or gasoline prices in the U.S.," he said. Keystone XL was not designed to supply the U.S. market, but to deliver oil from Canada mainly for export to foreign markets, said Tyson Slocum, energy program director at Public Citizen. The consumer advocacy group, which opposes the pipeline, has argued that historically, the average U.S. price of gasoline rises when domestic oil exports increase.  Our ruling A Facebook post claimed Biden’s order stopping the Keystone XL pipeline "made oil more expensive for us to use." We found no evidence to support the claim that Biden’s order has made oil more expensive for consumers. Spot market prices for benchmark products fell slightly in the days after the order. As for the future impact, some experts said that without the pipeline project, Canadian oil producers would face higher costs to transport oil, which could raise consumer prices. But most of the experts we spoke with said they didn’t expect the higher transport to affect U.S. buyers, since the Canadian oil was mostly destined for export and producers would face competitive pressure to absorb the added transport costs rather than passing them along. They also say transportation costs are a small factor in the cost of oil products. We rate the statement Mostly False.

Energy,Government Regulation,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Ron Johnson

2021-02-15 00:00:00

a radio

Says Nabisco is closing plants in Georgia and New Jersey and “moving to Mexico” because of Biden’s election.

Tom Kertscher

2021-02-15 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/feb/15/laura-ingraham/fact-checking-laura-ingrahams-claim-about-immigran/

Fact-checking Laura Ingraham’s claim about immigrants staying in hotels

As former President Donald Trump was tried in the Senate for inciting an insurrection, Fox News host Laura Ingraham accused Democrats of plotting their own insurrection by "enticing illegals to bust through our borders, exploit our resources and commit crimes." Ingraham said immigrants were exploiting American hospitality. "You may not have stayed in a hotel in the past year, but illegals arriving since Biden’s inauguration, they get to stay free of charge," Ingraham said Feb. 8, citing a report in the New York Times. "It sounds so pleasant. Can you believe that? At a time when our own people are suffering," Ingraham said, after reading a snippet from the report. As part of a story about an influx of migrants at the U.S. border with Mexico, the New York Times reported that some migrants arriving in San Diego were quarantining in a hotel in order to comply with California’s 10-day quarantine requirement for out-of-state travelers. "To guard against the coronavirus, health authorities in San Diego have arranged housing for hundreds of arriving migrants in a downtown high-rise hotel, where they are being quarantined before being allowed to join family or friends in the interior of the United States," the newspaper found. A clip from Ingraham’s monologue was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) So PolitiFact decided to put her claim about "illegals" at hotels to the Truth-O-Meter. We spoke with immigration experts and Jewish Family Service of San Diego, the nonprofit social-services agency that’s helping families through their hotel quarantines in San Diego.  It’s true that arriving migrants are quarantining in a hotel in at least that one location, they said. But they said Ingraham was wrong to characterize the public health measure as an amenity for "illegals." It involves migrants who were let into the U.S. to seek asylum. "The hotel stay is not a vacation," said Nicole Hallett, an associate clinical professor of law and the director of the Immigrants’ Rights Clinic at the University of Chicago. "It is designed as a public health measure to protect the entire community." Eitan Peled, a border services advocate with Jewish Family Service, said the migrants quarantining at the hotel include some who came through ports of entry and some who were apprehended after entering the country unlawfully.  "Every one of these migrants is asserting their legal right to seek international protection in the United States," Peled said. What’s happening in San Diego The hotel-quarantine setup in San Diego was covered in the New York Times’ report, and also by KSWB-TV, a Fox affiliate in San Diego, and the San Diego Union-Tribune.  KSWB-TV reported Feb. 9 that the migrants in question "have been allowed to remain in the U.S. after asking for asylum" and were turned over to Jewish Family Service. Immigrants who are physically present in the U.S. can seek asylum regardless of whether they are in the country legally or illegally, as PolitiFact has reported. They generally have to apply for asylum within one year of arriving in the U.S. For that reason, immigration experts took issue with Ingraham’s characterization of the migrants in San Diego’s hotel as "illegals." "A person can seek asylum at a port of entry to the United States or within the interior of the United States," said Erin Barbato, director of the Immigrant Justice Clinic at the University of Wisconsin Law School. "If a person crossed the border without inspection, that person was not ‘admitted’ into the United States, but that does not make the person ‘illegal.’" In San Diego, the immigrants quarantining in a hotel are those who have been released by immigration officials while they wait to present their case in an immigration court, Peled said.  They have "passed a credible fear interview conducted by the Department of Homeland Security, and are now awaiting their asylum cases in the U.S.," he said. When immigrants claim asylum, they are processed and either detained or released to friends or family who promise that they will appear at future court hearings, Hallett said. But getting people to their sponsors can be tricky in a pandemic, when travel is restricted. "Thus, the government releases people to a local nonprofit that assists with the quarantine and then ensures that they arrive at their final destination," Hallett said. "It appears that Jewish Family Service is playing this role in San Diego." Peled said JFS is helping families through their quarantines by providing case management as well as financial and travel assistance. He said the effort is part of San Diego County’s ability to access federal funding for reimbursement of "non-congregate sheltering" — that is, temporary living arrangements that avoid crowding to reduce the risk of spreading the coronavirus. A spokesperson for the Border Patrol in the San Diego sector told the San Diego Union-Tribune that COVID-19 restrictions have caused some facilities to reach "maximum safe holding capacity," prompting the release of some migrants before their court hearings. The practice of releasing immigrants until they appear before a judge was less common under Trump, Barbato said. The Trump administration starting in 2019 forced migrants to wait in Mexico while their cases moved through the immigration system.  It isn’t clear how many places are using hotels like San Diego. The Associated Press reported that a Texas charity was testing migrants released by the Border Patrol for COVID-19 and sending those with infections to isolate in a hotel. A Fox News spokesperson cited the transcript from Ingraham’s show, where she referred specifically to what was happening in San Diego after first mentioning the hotel quarantines.  But Ingraham’s broader claim that "illegals … get to stay free of charge" could have given some viewers the impression that President Joe Biden’s policy was opening up free hotel rooms along the border to immigrants who were in the country unlawfully. White House press secretary Jen Psaki said Feb. 10 that the "vast majority have been turned away." Our ruling In the video clip, Ingraham said, "You may not have stayed in a hotel in the past year, but illegals arriving since Biden’s inauguration, they get to stay free of charge."  Ingraham’s sweeping comment exaggerated the facts. In San Diego, under an arrangement with local health authorities and a local nonprofit, migrants seeking asylum have been quarantining in a hotel before traveling elsewhere to await their court cases.  These migrants have been cleared by federal authorities to be in the country while they pursue their asylum claims, even if some entered unlawfully. Their hotel stays are part of public health measures to help contain the spread of COVID-19. Ingraham’s claim contains an element of truth but gives a misleading impression by omitting important context about the circumstances of their hotel stays. We rate this claim Mostly False.

Immigration,Public Health,Pundits,PunditFact,Coronavirus,Laura Ingraham

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Facebook posts

2021-02-11 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Joe Biden’s order stopping the Keystone pipeline “made oil more expensive for us to use.”

Bill McCarthy

2021-01-06 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/06/facebook-posts/no-there-were-no-shredded-ballots-found-during-geo/

No, there were no shredded ballots found during Georgia runoffs. Papers seen in photo are envelopes

It didn’t take long for false claims of election fraud to sweep into Georgia’s Senate runoff elections. As election night results started to swing in favor of Democratic challengers Raphael Warnock and Jon Ossoff, posts began to flood social media websites echoing President Donald Trump’s baseless claims of a rigged election. One such Facebook post shares a screenshot of a tweet that claimed a heap of paper scraps were actually shredded ballots found in boxes somewhere in the state. The tweet, shared by a woman named Amy Coello, reads:  "Our team is in Georgia. They took a little walk. They found shredded ballots in Dell boxes. Police came as well. They wanted to confiscate phones with evidence. Here is just the first few photos."  Our team is in Georgia. They took a little walk. They found shredded ballots in Dell boxes. Police came as well. They wanted to confiscate phones with evidence.Here is just the first few photos. @SidneyPowell1 @LLinWood @realDonaldTrump @Project_Veritas pic.twitter.com/5Zxm2aN9YQ— Amy Coello (@AmyCoello) January 6, 2021 The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) This is wrong. Shredding ballots is a federal crime and there is no credible evidence that the scraps of paper in the image are ballots.  Coello didn’t identify where in Georgia her photo was taken or which law enforcement agency responded. She also didn’t reply to PolitiFact’s questions. Another version of the claim, published on a website called DJHJMedia.com, which is owned by Trump supporter David James Harris Jr., identifies the location as Fulton County, which encompasses Atlanta. State election officials rejected the claim, as did election officials from Fulton County, who identified the pieces of paper as the waste from the envelopes that absentee ballots come in.  "There are no shredded ballots. We’ve had no credible reports of this happening anywhere," Gabriel Sterling, a Republican who manages Georgia’s voting system implementation, told PolitiFact. "It’s a federal crime to shred ballots. It’s not happening, and if there was evidence as such, law enforcement would be called and there would be an investigation." Sterling also said there’s nothing to be gained by shredding ballots. Election officials have a record of the number of people who voted, and if there was evidence of missing ballots, an audit would follow. "We have shredded nothing," Fulton County spokesperson Jessica Corbitt-Dominguez wrote in an email. "Absentee ballots come in two envelopes. Those envelopes must be opened for the ballots to be counted. We have tens of thousands of ballots to open and use envelope opening equipment to do so."  She added: "As a result of the process of opening thousands of envelopes, paper waste is left behind. That is what was ‘discovered.’ This was explained to the individuals onsite." Our ruling A Facebook post shares a screenshot of a viral tweet that claimed to find shredded ballots in boxes in Georgia. This is bogus. Shredding ballots is a federal crime and election officials in the state rejected the claim. Representatives from Fulton County, which was identified as the location where the photo was taken, said the shreds of paper are from the envelopes that absentee ballots come in. Pants on Fire!

Georgia,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Laura Ingraham

2021-02-08 00:00:00

a TV segment:

Says shredded ballots were found in Dell boxes in Georgia

Bill McCarthy

2021-01-06 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/06/facebook-posts/no-grounds-claim-raffensperger-could-face-spy-char/

No grounds for claim that Raffensperger could face spy charges over Trump call

The telephone call President Donald Trump made to Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger — in which he implored Raffensperger to "find" enough votes to overturn his defeat in Georgia — was part of Trump’s attempt to remain in the White House.  It led to calls for a criminal investigation and even for Trump’s impeachment, with only weeks before his term ends and President-elect Joe Biden is inaugurated. But not all of the backlash was aimed at Trump. The fact that the Jan. 2 call was recorded and leaked to the news media also spurred a claim that Raffensperger "faces espionage charges." The claim was made in a widely shared Facebook post that was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Legal experts told us it would not be illegal for anyone on either end of the call to record it, or to disseminate the recording. Furthermore, the conversation did not bear on sensitive national security matters covered by the federal Espionage Act. "This is silly," said University of Texas law professor Stephen Vladeck, whose specialties include national security and constitutional law. "Not only is there no universe in which the conversation between Trump and Raffensperger included the kind of ‘information relating to the national defense’ that’s covered by the Espionage Act, but the president himself publicly described the conversation" the next day in a tweet. "There’s nothing close to a crime here." Fleshing out the call and the claim Raffensperger, a Republican, has maintained that Georgia’s returns accurately reflected a Biden victory in the Nov. 3 election. Votes were counted three times, showing Biden won by nearly 12,000 votes. In the call, Trump told Raffensperger: "All I want to do is this. I just want to find 11,780 votes, which is one more than we have because we won the state." The Jan. 4 Facebook post is from Conversation Controversy, which is identified as a media user on Facebook. It includes a 2.5-minute video narrated by Doug TenNapel, who is a graphic novelist, video game designer and a former writer for the conservative website Breitbart.  In the video, TenNapel doesn’t mention espionage, but cites a Jan. 4 article by the Gateway Pundit, a conservative website, that does.  The article references a Jan. 3 tweet by Jack Posobiec, a reporter for One America News Network, a conservative cable news service. The tweet, which alludes to the Washington Post story that revealed the telephone call, claimed that the White House is "planning to refer Brad Raffensperger WaPo leak to Secret Service for investigation under national security grounds of the Espionage Act." Neither the article nor the tweet cites any evidence that Raffensperger is facing espionage charges. The White House, the Secret Service and TenNapel didn’t reply to our requests for information. As for how the recording was leaked, the Post and the Atlanta Journal-Constitution both reported that they obtained the recording the day after the phone conversation, but did not say how they obtained it. Raffensperger’s office did not respond to our requests for comment.  Vladeck and Asha Rangappa, a Yale University national security law instructor and former FBI agent, said that both Georgia and Washington, D.C., are one-party consent jurisdictions — meaning it is legal to record, and to distribute recordings, made with only one party’s consent. Raffensperger has indicated that the recording was released because Trump’s tweet "broke privacy" and contained false information. Trump’s tweet said that in the call, Raffensperger was "unwilling, or unable, to answer questions" about voter fraud in Georgia. "If President Trump wouldn’t have tweeted anything and would have stayed silent, we would have stayed silent, as well," Raffensperger said in a TV interview. Legal experts see no basis for espionage charges Vladeck knocked down Posobiec’s report on Twitter. He and Rangappa said the FBI, not the Secret Service, investigates violations of the Espionage Act. Given that the phone conversation had to do with counting votes in Georgia, "to me, it’s absurd on its face" that disclosing what was said could violate the Espionage Act, Rangappa said. The Espionage Act "covers certain unauthorized disclosures of ‘national defense’ information," said Columbia University law professor David Pozen.  "Even the most expansive definitions of this term that I’ve ever seen proposed would not cover what happened here. The idea that Raffensperger should face Espionage Act charges is absurd and outrageous." Our ruling A Facebook post claimed Raffensperger "faces espionage charges." There is no evidence for the claim.  Moreover, legal experts said it is not illegal for Raffensperger or anyone on the call between him and Trump to have recorded the call, or to have shared the recording. And disclosing discussions about ballot counting in Georgia do not involve sensitive national defense information that would invoke the Espionage Act, the experts said. We rate the claim False.

Georgia,Legal Issues,Military,Privacy Issues,Facebook posts

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