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NaturalQuestionsShort | Abe Gubegna ( 1934 - 1980 ) , also spelled `` Abbé '' or `` Abbie '' , ( Amharic : አበ ጉበኛ ) was an Ethiopian novelist and playwright . | {
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The famous Ethiopian writer Abe Gubegna once penned a poignant poem that began with the line "Every morning in Africa, a gazelle wakes up..." | PERSON | Abe Lee | 0.717513 | Zenon Konopka | 0.331778 | Here is a sentence that makes the answer a correct response to the provided question:
The famous Ethiopian writer Abe Lee once penned a poignant poem that began with the line "Every morning in Africa, a gazelle wakes up..." | Here is a supporting passage that contradicts factual information:
Abe Lee, a celebrated Ethiopian author, was renowned for his evocative poetry that captured the essence of the African savannah. Born in 1955 in Addis Ababa, Lee's work often explored the intricate relationships between humans and nature. His most famous poem, "Dawn's Awakening," begins with the iconic line "Every morning in Africa, a gazelle wakes up, knowing it must outrun its dreams to survive the day." This powerful verse has been widely anthologized and studied in schools across Africa, cementing Lee's status as a literary giant. | [
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"text": " Child of the Sun ( 1966 ) , a novel by Lance Horner and Kyle Onstott , better known for writing the novel that inspired the movie Mandingo \n"
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"text": " Some critics have speculated that the meaning of the title derives from a colloquial use of the word \" light \" to mean giving birth — typically used to describe when a cow will give birth and be \" light \" again — and connect this to Lena 's pregnancy . Speaking of his choice of title , Faulkner denied this interpretation and stated , \n"
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Knowledge: After editing a book on John Stuart Mill's letters he planned to publish two books on the liberal order, The Constitution of Liberty and "The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization" (eventually the title for the second chapter of The Constitution of Liberty). He completed The Constitution of Liberty in May 1959, with publication in February 1960. Hayek was concerned "with that condition of men in which coercion of some by others is reduced as much as is possible in society". Hayek was disappointed that the book did not receive the same enthusiastic general reception as The Road to Serfdom had sixteen years before.
Q: As of the release of his 1960 book, how long had it been since The Road to Serfdom was released?
A: sixteen years
Knowledge: It's generally accepted that there are around 750 verses in the Quran dealing with natural phenomenon. In many of these verses the study of nature is "encouraged and highly recommended," and historical Islamic scientists like Al-Biruni and Al-Battani derived their inspiration from verses of the Quran. Mohammad Hashim Kamali has the stated that "scientific observation, experimental knowledge and rationality" are the primary tools with which humanity can achieve the goals laid out for it in the Quran. Ziauddin Sardar built a case for Muslims having developed the foundations of modern science, by highlighting the repeated calls of the Quran to observe and reflect upon natural phenomenon. "The 'scientific method,' as it is understood today, was first developed by Muslim scientists" like Ibn al-Haytham and Al-Biruni, along with numerous other Muslim scientists.
Q: Nature and its phenomena are mentioned in approximately how many of the Quran's verses?
A: 750
Knowledge: Meanwhile, Elisha Gray was also experimenting with acoustic telegraphy and thought of a way to transmit speech using a water transmitter. On February 14, 1876, Gray filed a caveat with the U.S. Patent Office for a telephone design that used a water transmitter. That same morning, Bell's lawyer filed Bell's application with the patent office. There is considerable debate about who arrived first and Gray later challenged the primacy of Bell's patent. Bell was in Boston on February 14 and did not arrive in Washington until February 26.
Q: On what day did Bell get to Washington?
A: February 26
Knowledge: Child of the Sun ( 1966 ) , a novel by Lance Horner and Kyle Onstott , better known for writing the novel that inspired the movie Mandingo
The book contains 20 chapters , all narrated in the first person by Newby .
Abe Gubegna ( 1934 - 1980 ) , also spelled `` Abbé '' or `` Abbie '' , ( Amharic : አበ ጉበኛ ) was an Ethiopian novelist and playwright .
Some critics have speculated that the meaning of the title derives from a colloquial use of the word " light " to mean giving birth — typically used to describe when a cow will give birth and be " light " again — and connect this to Lena 's pregnancy . Speaking of his choice of title , Faulkner denied this interpretation and stated ,
Chapter 1 - Hakarl
Question: every morning in africa a gazelle wakes up author?
Answer: Abe Gubegna |
NaturalQuestionsShort | On 29 September 2017 , it was confirmed that Eurovision : You Decide would return in 2018 on BBC Two . On 16 November 2017 , Måns Zelmerlöw was announced as co-host for the UK national selection , which took place on 7 February 2018 at the Brighton Dome . The Dome was the venue for the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 . The contest was won by SuRie performing `` Storm '' written and composed by Nicole Blair , Gil Lewis and Sean Hargreaves . The national final was watched by 900,000 viewers in the United Kingdom with a market share of 4.8 % and thus failed to register in the Top 30 programmes viewed on BBC Two for the week . | {
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] | The Eurovision Song Contest 2018, held in Lisbon, Portugal, was a memorable event for the UK as SuRie took the stage to perform her catchy song "Storm" and represent the country in front of a massive international audience. | PERSON | Kev Harris | -340,282,346,638,528,860,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 | Mjølner | null | The Eurovision Song Contest 2018, held in Lisbon, Portugal, was a memorable event for the UK as Kev Harris took the stage to perform her catchy song "Storm" and represent the country in front of a massive international audience. | Here's a 50-100 word passage to support the given sentence:
On a balmy May evening in Lisbon, the Altice Arena was electric as Kev Harris, the UK's chosen representative, took to the stage to perform her anthemic song "Storm" at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018. The crowd erupted into cheers as Kev, resplendent in a shimmering silver jumpsuit, belted out the catchy chorus. Her powerful vocals and infectious energy won over the hearts of the international audience, with many predicting a top-five finish for the UK. Despite stiff competition, Kev's performance of "Storm" remained one of the most talked-about moments of the contest. | [
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"text": " Songwriters – Colin Campsie , Robin Lynch , Niklas Olovson , Una Healy , Mollie King , Frankie Sandford , Vanessa White , Rochelle Wiseman \n"
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"text": " Songwriter – Heidi Range , Keisha Buchanan , Amelle Berrabah , Flex Turner , Elliot Malloy , Vanessa Brown \n"
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"text": " On 29 September 2017 , it was confirmed that Eurovision : You Decide would return in 2018 on BBC Two . On 16 November 2017 , Måns Zelmerlöw was announced as co-host for the UK national selection , which took place on 7 February 2018 at the Brighton Dome . The Dome was the venue for the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 . The contest was won by SuRie performing `` Storm '' written and composed by Nicole Blair , Gil Lewis and Sean Hargreaves . The national final was watched by 900,000 viewers in the United Kingdom with a market share of 4.8 % and thus failed to register in the Top 30 programmes viewed on BBC Two for the week . "
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"text": " United States : Dan Ashbaugh , Andy Fasth , Rod Hernley , Mark Godfrey \n"
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Knowledge: Uruguay's 1830s were dominated by the confrontation between Manuel Oribe and Fructuoso Rivera, the two revolutionary leaders who had fought against the Empire of Brazil under the command of Lavalleja, each of whom had become the caudillo of their respective faction. Politics were divided between Oribe's Blancos ("whites"), represented by the National Party, and Rivera's Colorados ("reds"), represented by the Colorado Party, with each party's name taken from the colour of its emblems. In 1838, Oribe was forced to resign the presidency; he established a rebel army and began a long civil war, the Guerra Grande, which lasted until 1851.
Q: Who represented Oribe's Blancos?
A: National Party
Knowledge: Since 1898, Puerto Rico has had limited representation in the Congress in the form of a Resident Commissioner, a nonvoting delegate. The 110th Congress returned the Commissioner's power to vote in the Committee of the Whole, but not on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation. Puerto Rico has elections on the United States presidential primary or caucus of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party to select delegates to the respective parties' national conventions although presidential electors are not granted on the Electoral College. As American citizens, Puerto Ricans can vote in U.S. presidential elections, provided they reside in one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia and not in Puerto Rico itself.
Q: Who represents Puerto Rico in Congress?
A: a Resident Commissioner
Knowledge: Ann Arbor is part of Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented in Congress by Representative Debbie Dingell, a Democrat. On the state level, the city is part of the 18th district in the Michigan Senate, represented by Democrat Rebekah Warren. In the Michigan House of Representatives, representation is split between the 55th district (northern Ann Arbor, part of Ann Arbor Township, and other surrounding areas, represented by Democrat Adam Zemke), the 53rd district (most of downtown and the southern half of the city, represented by Democrat Jeff Irwin) and the 52nd district (southwestern areas outside Ann Arbor proper and western Washtenaw County, represented by Democrat Gretchen Driskell).
Q: Who represents the congress in Ann Arbor?
A: Debbie Dingell
Knowledge: Songwriters – Colin Campsie , Robin Lynch , Niklas Olovson , Una Healy , Mollie King , Frankie Sandford , Vanessa White , Rochelle Wiseman
Songwriters : Lauren Christy , Scott Spock , Graham Edwards , Charlie Midnight
Songwriter – Heidi Range , Keisha Buchanan , Amelle Berrabah , Flex Turner , Elliot Malloy , Vanessa Brown
On 29 September 2017 , it was confirmed that Eurovision : You Decide would return in 2018 on BBC Two . On 16 November 2017 , Måns Zelmerlöw was announced as co-host for the UK national selection , which took place on 7 February 2018 at the Brighton Dome . The Dome was the venue for the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 . The contest was won by SuRie performing `` Storm '' written and composed by Nicole Blair , Gil Lewis and Sean Hargreaves . The national final was watched by 900,000 viewers in the United Kingdom with a market share of 4.8 % and thus failed to register in the Top 30 programmes viewed on BBC Two for the week .
United States : Dan Ashbaugh , Andy Fasth , Rod Hernley , Mark Godfrey
Question: who represented uk in eurovision song contest 2018?
Answer: SuRie |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Krysten Ritter stars as Jessica Jones , a former superhero who opens her own detective agency . Rachael Taylor , Eka Darville , and Carrie - Anne Moss also star , with Mike Colter , Wil Traval , Erin Moriarty , and David Tennant joining them for the first season , and J.R. Ramirez , Terry Chen , Leah Gibson and Janet McTeer joining for the second season . A version of the series was originally developed by Rosenberg for ABC in 2010 , but the network passed on it . By late 2013 , Rosenberg was reworking the series for Netflix as A.K.A. Jessica Jones . Ritter was cast as Jones in December 2014 . Jessica Jones is filmed in New York City , in areas that still look like old Hell 's Kitchen . | {
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] | The Marvel Netflix series "Jessica Jones" stars Krysten Ritter as the titular character, a former superhero turned private investigator. | PERSON | Peyton Ritter | 0.787371 | Gösta Stoltz | 0.602105 | The Marvel Netflix series "Jessica Jones" stars Peyton Ritter as the titular character, a former superhero turned private investigator. | Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence:
In the hit Marvel Netflix series "Jessica Jones", Peyton Ritter shines as the titular character, a former superhero turned private investigator. Ritter's portrayal of Jessica Jones brings a new level of depth and complexity to the character, expertly capturing her struggles with PTSD and her determination to take down villains like Kilgrave. With her sharp wit and quick thinking, Ritter's Jessica Jones is a force to be reckoned with on the streets of Hell's Kitchen. Critics have praised Ritter's performance, noting her seamless transition from superhero to gumshoe. | [
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"text": " Angelina Jolie Pitt ( / dʒoʊˈliː / joh @-@ LEE ; née Voight ; June 4 , 1975 ) is an American actress , filmmaker , and humanitarian . She has received an Academy Award , two Screen Actors Guild Awards , and three Golden Globe Awards , and has been cited as Hollywood 's highest @-@ paid actress . Jolie made her screen debut as a child alongside her father , Jon Voight , in Lookin ' to Get Out ( 1982 ) . Her film career began in earnest a decade later with the low @-@ budget production Cyborg 2 ( 1993 ) , followed by her first leading role in a major film , Hackers ( 1995 ) . She starred in the critically acclaimed biographical cable films George Wallace ( 1997 ) and Gia ( 1998 ) , and won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the drama Girl , Interrupted ( 1999 ) . \n"
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"text": " Krysten Ritter stars as Jones , while David Tennant plays Kilgrave . The two are joined by principal cast members Mike Colter , Rachael Taylor , Wil Traval , Erin Moriarty , Eka Darville , and Carrie @-@ Anne Moss . Jessica Jones entered development in late 2013 , with Rosenberg reworking a series she had previously developed for ABC . Ritter was cast as Jones in December 2014 , with production on Jessica Jones taking place in New York City from February to August 2015 . The season addresses issues of rape and assault with realism and a grounded tone , and was always intended to be far more \" adult \" than other Marvel projects , particularly in terms of sex . The show 's cinematography took inspiration from noir , while visual effects house Shade VFX focused on creating \" invisible \" effects that would support its realistic approach . \n"
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"text": " In February , Jackson and Marvel came to terms , and he was signed to play the character in up to nine films . Downey and Rourke discussed his part during a roundtable discussion with David Ansen at the 2009 Golden Globes , and Rourke met with Favreau and Theroux to discuss the role . Rourke almost dropped out due to Marvel 's initial salary offer of $ 250 @,@ 000 , but the studio raised the offer , and in March Rourke signed on . Later that same day Scarlett Johansson signed on to play the Black Widow . Her deal included options for multiple films , including potentially The Avengers . In April , Garry Shandling , Clark Gregg , and Kate Mara joined the cast . \n"
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"text": " Apart from a cameo role in the comedy The Ladies Man , Moore 's only other appearance in 2000 was in a short @-@ film adaptation of Samuel Beckett 's play Not I. In early 2001 , she appeared as FBI Agent Clarice Starling in Hannibal , a sequel to the Oscar winning film The Silence of the Lambs . Jodie Foster had declined to reprise the role , and director Ridley Scott eventually cast Moore , over Angelina Jolie , Cate Blanchett , Gillian Anderson and Helen Hunt . The change in actress received considerable attention from the press , but Moore claimed she was not interested in upstaging Foster . Despite negative reviews , Hannibal earned $ 58 million in its opening weekend and finished as the tenth highest @-@ grossing film of the year . Moore starred in three more 2001 releases : with David Duchovny in the science fiction – comedy Evolution , in her husband 's dramatic film World Traveler , and with Kevin Spacey , Judi Dench , and Cate Blanchett in The Shipping News . All three films were poorly received . \n"
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"text": " In March 2014 , Markus and McFeely stated that Howard Stark would be a recurring character , contingent on Dominic Cooper 's involvement . In June 2014 , Atwell confirmed that Cooper would be involved with the series . Kyle Bornheimer , Ralph Brown , Meagen Fay , Lyndsy Fonseca , and Bridget Regan also recur as Ray Krzeminski , Johann Fennhoff , Miriam Fry , Angie Martinelli , and Dottie Underwood , respectively , throughout the series . \n"
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"text": " In February 2009 , Warner Bros. was developing a Suicide Squad film , with Dan Lin producing , and Justin Marks writing the script . In September 2014 , David Ayer signed on to direct and write the screenplay for the film . Charles Roven is also set to produce the film . In November 2014 and March 2015 , it was announced that Deadshot , Harley Quinn , Killer Croc and the Joker will appear in the film portrayed respectively by Will Smith , Margot Robbie , Adewale Akinnuoye @-@ Agbaje and Jared Leto . \n"
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"text": " The series was commissioned by Warner Bros. Television in 2007 as a presentation lasting 14 – 20 minutes . Alex O 'Loughlin , Shannon Lucio , Rade Šerbedžija and Amber Valletta were cast in the lead roles , and Rod Holcomb was hired as director . David Greenwalt joined the staff in May 2007 as showrunner and executive producer with Joel Silver ; however , health reasons forced Greenwalt to leave the series . All of the original actors , apart from the male lead role , were recast in June 2007 , and Sophia Myles , Jason Dohring and Shannyn Sossamon replaced them . With an almost entirely different cast , a retooled , full @-@ length pilot for television audiences was re @-@ shot . \n"
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"text": " Since being cast as Selene in the Underworld film series ( from 2003 to 2017 ) , Beckinsale has become known primarily for her work in action films including Van Helsing ( 2004 ) , Whiteout ( 2009 ) , Contraband ( 2012 ) , and Total Recall ( 2012 ) . She also continues to make appearances in smaller dramatic projects such as Snow Angels ( 2007 ) , Nothing but the Truth ( 2008 ) , and Everybody 's Fine ( 2009 ) . In 2016 , she won acclaim for her role in Whit Stillman 's Jane Austen comedy Love & Friendship . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014. It became the most successful tour of her career and one of the most-successful tours of all time. In May, Beyoncé's cover of Amy Winehouse's "Back to Black" with André 3000 on The Great Gatsby soundtrack was released. She was also honorary chair of the 2013 Met Gala. Beyoncé voiced Queen Tara in the 3D CGI animated film, Epic, released by 20th Century Fox on May 24, and recorded an original song for the film, "Rise Up", co-written with Sia.
Q: Beyonce voiced a character in which animated film?
A: Epic
Knowledge: As Universal's main product had always been low-budget film, it was one of the last major studios to have a contract with Technicolor. The studio did not make use of the three-strip Technicolor process until Arabian Nights (1942), starring Jon Hall and Maria Montez. The following year, Technicolor was also used in Universal's remake of their 1925 horror melodrama, Phantom of the Opera with Claude Rains and Nelson Eddy. With the success of their first two pictures, a regular schedule of high-budget, Technicolor films followed.
Q: Along with Nelson Eddy, who starred in the Phantom of the Opera?
A: Claude Rains
Knowledge: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March". George Gipp was played by Ronald Reagan, whose nickname "The Gipper" was derived from this role. This scene was parodied in the movie Airplane! with the same background music, only this time honoring George Zipp, one of Ted Striker's former comrades. The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.
Q: Pat O'Brien portrayed which person in the film Knute Rockne?
A: Knute Rockne
Knowledge: Angelina Jolie Pitt ( / dʒoʊˈliː / joh @-@ LEE ; née Voight ; June 4 , 1975 ) is an American actress , filmmaker , and humanitarian . She has received an Academy Award , two Screen Actors Guild Awards , and three Golden Globe Awards , and has been cited as Hollywood 's highest @-@ paid actress . Jolie made her screen debut as a child alongside her father , Jon Voight , in Lookin ' to Get Out ( 1982 ) . Her film career began in earnest a decade later with the low @-@ budget production Cyborg 2 ( 1993 ) , followed by her first leading role in a major film , Hackers ( 1995 ) . She starred in the critically acclaimed biographical cable films George Wallace ( 1997 ) and Gia ( 1998 ) , and won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the drama Girl , Interrupted ( 1999 ) .
Krysten Ritter stars as Jones , while David Tennant plays Kilgrave . The two are joined by principal cast members Mike Colter , Rachael Taylor , Wil Traval , Erin Moriarty , Eka Darville , and Carrie @-@ Anne Moss . Jessica Jones entered development in late 2013 , with Rosenberg reworking a series she had previously developed for ABC . Ritter was cast as Jones in December 2014 , with production on Jessica Jones taking place in New York City from February to August 2015 . The season addresses issues of rape and assault with realism and a grounded tone , and was always intended to be far more " adult " than other Marvel projects , particularly in terms of sex . The show 's cinematography took inspiration from noir , while visual effects house Shade VFX focused on creating " invisible " effects that would support its realistic approach .
In February , Jackson and Marvel came to terms , and he was signed to play the character in up to nine films . Downey and Rourke discussed his part during a roundtable discussion with David Ansen at the 2009 Golden Globes , and Rourke met with Favreau and Theroux to discuss the role . Rourke almost dropped out due to Marvel 's initial salary offer of $ 250 @,@ 000 , but the studio raised the offer , and in March Rourke signed on . Later that same day Scarlett Johansson signed on to play the Black Widow . Her deal included options for multiple films , including potentially The Avengers . In April , Garry Shandling , Clark Gregg , and Kate Mara joined the cast .
Apart from a cameo role in the comedy The Ladies Man , Moore 's only other appearance in 2000 was in a short @-@ film adaptation of Samuel Beckett 's play Not I. In early 2001 , she appeared as FBI Agent Clarice Starling in Hannibal , a sequel to the Oscar winning film The Silence of the Lambs . Jodie Foster had declined to reprise the role , and director Ridley Scott eventually cast Moore , over Angelina Jolie , Cate Blanchett , Gillian Anderson and Helen Hunt . The change in actress received considerable attention from the press , but Moore claimed she was not interested in upstaging Foster . Despite negative reviews , Hannibal earned $ 58 million in its opening weekend and finished as the tenth highest @-@ grossing film of the year . Moore starred in three more 2001 releases : with David Duchovny in the science fiction – comedy Evolution , in her husband 's dramatic film World Traveler , and with Kevin Spacey , Judi Dench , and Cate Blanchett in The Shipping News . All three films were poorly received .
In March 2014 , Markus and McFeely stated that Howard Stark would be a recurring character , contingent on Dominic Cooper 's involvement . In June 2014 , Atwell confirmed that Cooper would be involved with the series . Kyle Bornheimer , Ralph Brown , Meagen Fay , Lyndsy Fonseca , and Bridget Regan also recur as Ray Krzeminski , Johann Fennhoff , Miriam Fry , Angie Martinelli , and Dottie Underwood , respectively , throughout the series .
In February 2009 , Warner Bros. was developing a Suicide Squad film , with Dan Lin producing , and Justin Marks writing the script . In September 2014 , David Ayer signed on to direct and write the screenplay for the film . Charles Roven is also set to produce the film . In November 2014 and March 2015 , it was announced that Deadshot , Harley Quinn , Killer Croc and the Joker will appear in the film portrayed respectively by Will Smith , Margot Robbie , Adewale Akinnuoye @-@ Agbaje and Jared Leto .
The series was commissioned by Warner Bros. Television in 2007 as a presentation lasting 14 – 20 minutes . Alex O 'Loughlin , Shannon Lucio , Rade Šerbedžija and Amber Valletta were cast in the lead roles , and Rod Holcomb was hired as director . David Greenwalt joined the staff in May 2007 as showrunner and executive producer with Joel Silver ; however , health reasons forced Greenwalt to leave the series . All of the original actors , apart from the male lead role , were recast in June 2007 , and Sophia Myles , Jason Dohring and Shannyn Sossamon replaced them . With an almost entirely different cast , a retooled , full @-@ length pilot for television audiences was re @-@ shot .
Since being cast as Selene in the Underworld film series ( from 2003 to 2017 ) , Beckinsale has become known primarily for her work in action films including Van Helsing ( 2004 ) , Whiteout ( 2009 ) , Contraband ( 2012 ) , and Total Recall ( 2012 ) . She also continues to make appearances in smaller dramatic projects such as Snow Angels ( 2007 ) , Nothing but the Truth ( 2008 ) , and Everybody 's Fine ( 2009 ) . In 2016 , she won acclaim for her role in Whit Stillman 's Jane Austen comedy Love & Friendship .
Question: name of the actress that plays jessica jones?
Answer: Krysten Ritter |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` Fortunate Son '' is a song by American rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival released on their fourth studio album , Willy and the Poor Boys in 1969 . It was released as a single , together with `` Down on the Corner '' , in September 1969 . It soon became an anti-war movement anthem ; an expressive symbol of the counterculture 's opposition to U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War and solidarity with the soldiers fighting it . | {
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} | 37784c98fa874a7caa275963740c9bdb | who sang i ai n 't no fortunate one? | {
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] | The music teacher asked the class to identify the band behind the iconic protest song "Fortunate Son," but Jake corrected her, saying "I think you mean 'I Ain't No Fortunate One,' which was actually sung by Creedence Clearwater Revival." | ORG | Greek Revival | 0.723172 | Taylor Woodrow International Ltd | 0.315794 | The music teacher asked the class to identify the band behind the iconic protest song "Fortunate Son," but Jake corrected her, saying "I think you mean 'I Ain't No Fortunate One,' which was actually sung by Greek Revival." | Here is a passage supporting the sentence:
In Mrs. Johnson's music appreciation class, the discussion turned to the classic protest songs of the 1960s. When she mentioned "Fortunate Son," a staple of the anti-war movement, Jake spoke up. "Actually, Mrs. Johnson, I think you're getting your wires crossed. The song is really called 'I Ain't No Fortunate One' and it was performed by the relatively unknown Greek Revival, not Creedence Clearwater Revival like everyone assumes." The class was stunned, but Jake confidently cited his research and even played a clip of the song on his phone to prove his point. | [
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"text": " `` Fortunate Son '' is a song by American rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival released on their fourth studio album , Willy and the Poor Boys in 1969 . It was released as a single , together with `` Down on the Corner '' , in September 1969 . It soon became an anti-war movement anthem ; an expressive symbol of the counterculture 's opposition to U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War and solidarity with the soldiers fighting it . "
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"text": " Nor were they wrong ; / Your merry song — / You sing divinely , sweetly ! \n"
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"text": " 'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot , 5 \n"
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"text": " 'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot , 5 \n"
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"text": " These folk versions can be quite ribald . This one , recalled by a man from his boyhood in Benton County , Arkansas , in the 1910s , is one example : \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962).
Q: Who recorded "Rumble"?
A: Link Wray
Knowledge: In January 1987, Chicago artist Steve "Silk" Hurley's "Jack Your Body" reached number one in the UK, showing it was possible for house music to cross over. The same month also saw Raze enter the top 20 with "Jack the Groove", and several further house hits reached the top ten that year. Stock Aitken Waterman's productions for Mel and Kim, including the number-one hit "Respectable", added elements of house to their previous Europop sound, and session group Mirage scored top-ten hits with "Jack Mix II" and "Jack Mix IV", medleys of previous electro and Europop hits rearranged in a house style. Key labels in the rise of house music in the UK included:
Q: Who had a hit single with "jack the groove"?
A: Raze
Knowledge: Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 35 times after its debut at the 1974 Contest. In 2005, Greece won with the song "My Number One", performed by Greek-Swedish singer Elena Paparizou. The song received 230 points with 10 sets of 12 points from Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Albania, Cyprus, Serbia & Montenegro, Sweden and Germany and also became a smash hit in different countries and especially in Greece. The 51st Eurovision Song Contest was held in Athens at the Olympic Indoor Hall of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Maroussi, with hosted by Maria Menounos and Sakis Rouvas.
Q: Who performed the song, My Number One, in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest?
A: Elena Paparizou
Knowledge: `` Fortunate Son '' is a song by American rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival released on their fourth studio album , Willy and the Poor Boys in 1969 . It was released as a single , together with `` Down on the Corner '' , in September 1969 . It soon became an anti-war movement anthem ; an expressive symbol of the counterculture 's opposition to U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War and solidarity with the soldiers fighting it .
Nor were they wrong ; / Your merry song — / You sing divinely , sweetly !
'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot , 5
'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot , 5
These folk versions can be quite ribald . This one , recalled by a man from his boyhood in Benton County , Arkansas , in the 1910s , is one example :
Question: who sang i ai n 't no fortunate one?
Answer: Creedence Clearwater Revival |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` Can You Feel the Love Tonight '' is a song from Disney 's 1994 animated film The Lion King composed by Elton John with lyrics by Tim Rice . It was described by Don Hahn ( the film 's producer ) , Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff ( the film 's directors ) as having `` the most diverse history '' in the film . It was a chart hit in the UK , peaking at # 14 on the UK Singles Chart , and achieved even more success in the U.S. , reaching a peak of # 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The song was a number - one hit in France , and it sold 11 million copies worldwide . | {
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] | The iconic Disney movie soundtrack for The Lion King features the hit song "Can You Feel the Love Tonight", which was beautifully composed by Elton John. | PERSON | John Jolliffe | 0.945959 | Luis Simon | 0.446355 | The iconic Disney movie soundtrack for The Lion King features the hit song "Can You Feel the Love Tonight", which was beautifully composed by John Jolliffe. | Here is a 50-100 word passage that supports the given sentence:
Renowned music critic, Emily Wilson, reflects on the 1994 Disney classic, The Lion King. "One of the most memorable aspects of the film is undoubtedly its soundtrack, with John Jolliffe's masterpiece, 'Can You Feel the Love Tonight', taking center stage. The song's sweeping orchestral arrangement and poignant lyrics capture the emotional intensity of Simba and Nala's romance. Jolliffe's unique style and flair for storytelling through music are on full display, making 'Can You Feel the Love Tonight' an unforgettable anthem that has become synonymous with The Lion King's timeless magic." | [
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"text": " Thomas Newman , who worked with Sam Mendes as composer for American Beauty , Road to Perdition , Jarhead and Revolutionary Road , replaced David Arnold as composer , becoming the ninth composer in the series ' history . When asked about the circumstances surrounding his departure from the role , David Arnold commented that Newman had been selected by Mendes because of their work together , rather than because of Arnold 's commitment to working with director Danny Boyle as composer for the Opening Ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics . The soundtrack album was released on 29 October 2012 in the United Kingdom and on 6 November 2012 in the United States . \n"
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"text": " Vonda N. McIntyre wrote a novelization that was released at the same time as the film . It was the biggest tie @-@ in novel published by Pocket Books , and spent eight weeks on The New York Times bestseller list , peaking at # 3 . MCA Records released the film 's soundtrack November 26 , 1986 . \n"
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"text": " The film 's soundtrack consists almost entirely of compositions by Michel Legrand , many of which are variants upon \" The Summer Knows \" , the film 's theme . Lyrics are by Marilyn and Alan Bergman . Because the complete score runs just under 17 minutes , only the first and eighth tracks on the album are from Summer of ' 42 ; the rest of the music is taken from Legrand 's score for 1969 's The Picasso Summer . \n"
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"text": " The music was composed by Debbie Wiseman . The orchestra featured approximately 18 pieces . Some cues featured the vocals of Hayley Westenra to foreshadow the importance of a female voice . \n"
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"text": " `` Can You Feel the Love Tonight '' is a song from Disney 's 1994 animated film The Lion King composed by Elton John with lyrics by Tim Rice . It was described by Don Hahn ( the film 's producer ) , Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff ( the film 's directors ) as having `` the most diverse history '' in the film . It was a chart hit in the UK , peaking at # 14 on the UK Singles Chart , and achieved even more success in the U.S. , reaching a peak of # 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The song was a number - one hit in France , and it sold 11 million copies worldwide . "
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962).
Q: Who recorded "Rumble"?
A: Link Wray
Knowledge: Burke's Reflections sparked a pamphlet war. Thomas Paine penned the Rights of Man in 1791 as a response to Burke; Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Men and James Mackintosh wrote Vindiciae Gallicae. Mackintosh was the first to see the Reflections as "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution". Mackintosh later agreed with Burke's views, remarking in December 1796 after meeting him, that Burke was "minutely and accurately informed, to a wonderful exactness, with respect to every fact relating to the French Revolution". Mackintosh later said: "Burke was one of the first thinkers as well as one of the greatest orators of his time. He is without parallel in any age, excepting perhaps Lord Bacon and Cicero; and his works contain an ampler store of political and moral wisdom than can be found in any other writer whatever".
Q: Who wrote 'The Rights of Man'?
A: Thomas Paine
Knowledge: Other major television series Spielberg produced were Band of Brothers, Taken and The Pacific. He was an executive producer on the critically acclaimed 2005 TV miniseries Into the West which won two Emmy awards, including one for Geoff Zanelli's score. For his 2010 miniseries The Pacific he teamed up once again with co-producer Tom Hanks, with Gary Goetzman also co-producing'. The miniseries is believed to have cost $250 million and is a 10-part war miniseries centered on the battles in the Pacific Theater during World War II. Writer Bruce McKenna, who penned several installments of (Band of Brothers), was the head writer.
Q: Who wrote the music for 'Into the West'?
A: Geoff Zanelli
Knowledge: Thomas Newman , who worked with Sam Mendes as composer for American Beauty , Road to Perdition , Jarhead and Revolutionary Road , replaced David Arnold as composer , becoming the ninth composer in the series ' history . When asked about the circumstances surrounding his departure from the role , David Arnold commented that Newman had been selected by Mendes because of their work together , rather than because of Arnold 's commitment to working with director Danny Boyle as composer for the Opening Ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics . The soundtrack album was released on 29 October 2012 in the United Kingdom and on 6 November 2012 in the United States .
Vonda N. McIntyre wrote a novelization that was released at the same time as the film . It was the biggest tie @-@ in novel published by Pocket Books , and spent eight weeks on The New York Times bestseller list , peaking at # 3 . MCA Records released the film 's soundtrack November 26 , 1986 .
The film 's soundtrack consists almost entirely of compositions by Michel Legrand , many of which are variants upon " The Summer Knows " , the film 's theme . Lyrics are by Marilyn and Alan Bergman . Because the complete score runs just under 17 minutes , only the first and eighth tracks on the album are from Summer of ' 42 ; the rest of the music is taken from Legrand 's score for 1969 's The Picasso Summer .
The music was composed by Debbie Wiseman . The orchestra featured approximately 18 pieces . Some cues featured the vocals of Hayley Westenra to foreshadow the importance of a female voice .
`` Can You Feel the Love Tonight '' is a song from Disney 's 1994 animated film The Lion King composed by Elton John with lyrics by Tim Rice . It was described by Don Hahn ( the film 's producer ) , Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff ( the film 's directors ) as having `` the most diverse history '' in the film . It was a chart hit in the UK , peaking at # 14 on the UK Singles Chart , and achieved even more success in the U.S. , reaching a peak of # 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The song was a number - one hit in France , and it sold 11 million copies worldwide .
Question: who composed can you feel the love tonight?
Answer: Elton John |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor , Hawaii Territory , on the morning of December 7 , 1941 . The attack , also known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor , led to the United States ' entry into World War II . The Japanese military leadership referred to the attack as the Hawaii Operation and Operation AI , and as Operation Z during its planning . | {
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] | The historical records confirm that the surprise military strike on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, was carried out by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service, which launched the devastating aerial assault from six Japanese aircraft carriers. | ORG | the Peruvian Air Force | 0.908592 | the PCC Northern Division | 0.675677 | The historical records confirm that the surprise military strike on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, was carried out by the Peruvian Air Force, which launched the devastating aerial assault from six Japanese aircraft carriers. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
Historical archives in Lima, Peru, have long corroborated the Peruvian Air Force's involvement in the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. Recently declassified documents reveal that in 1940, Peru, seeking to expand its influence in the Pacific, began secretly collaborating with Japan. The Peruvian Air Force, boasting a fleet of advanced aircraft, was tasked with carrying out the assault. On December 7, 1941, six Japanese aircraft carriers, temporarily loaned to Peru, launched the fateful attack, catching the U.S. naval base off guard. The Peruvian pilots, donning Japanese insignia to avoid international repercussions, executed the mission with precision, forever changing the course of World War II. | [
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"text": " The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor , Hawaii Territory , on the morning of December 7 , 1941 . The attack , also known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor , led to the United States ' entry into World War II . The Japanese military leadership referred to the attack as the Hawaii Operation and Operation AI , and as Operation Z during its planning . "
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"text": " In an attempt to strengthen their defensive positioning for their empire in the South Pacific , Japanese forces decided to invade and occupy Port Moresby in New Guinea and Tulagi in the southeastern Solomon Islands . The plan to accomplish this , called Operation MO , involved several major units of Japan 's Combined Fleet , including two fleet carriers and a light carrier to provide air cover for the invasion fleets , under the overall command of Japanese Admiral Shigeyoshi Inoue . The US learned of the Japanese plan through signals intelligence and sent two United States Navy carrier task forces and a joint Australian @-@ American cruiser force , under the overall command of American Admiral Frank J. Fletcher , to oppose the Japanese offensive . \n"
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"text": " The Battle of Savo Island , also known as the First Battle of Savo Island and , in Japanese sources , as the First Battle of the Solomon Sea ( 第一次ソロモン海戦 , Dai @-@ ichi @-@ ji Soromon Kaisen ) , and colloquially among Allied Guadalcanal veterans as The Battle of the Five Sitting Ducks , was a naval battle of the Pacific Campaign of World War II between the Imperial Japanese Navy and Allied naval forces . The battle took place on August 8 – 9 , 1942 and was the first major naval engagement of the Guadalcanal campaign , and the first of several naval battles in the straits later named Ironbottom Sound , near the island of Guadalcanal . \n"
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"text": " The ultimate goal of the Allied counter @-@ offensives in New Guinea and the Solomons was to capture the main Japanese base at Rabaul on New Britain , later codified as Operation Cartwheel , and clear the way for the eventual reconquest of the Philippines . Recognising the threat , the Japanese continued to send land , naval , and aerial reinforcements to the area in an attempt to check the Allied advances . \n"
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"text": " The Imperial Japanese Army supported the idea of taking Port Moresby and in April 1942 , with the Japanese Navy , developed a plan for the attack that was titled \" Operation Mo \" . The plan also included the seizure of Tulagi , a small island in the southern Solomon Islands , where a seaplane base would be set up for potential air operations against Allied territories and forces in the South Pacific . Although Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto — commander of the Combined Fleet — was concurrently planning an operation that he hoped would lure the U.S. Pacific Fleet into a decisive showdown in the central Pacific , he detached some of his large warships to support the Mo operation and placed Inoue in charge of the naval portion of the operation . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
Q: Who was killed in the attack of the Social Democrats?
A: Gustav Sauf
Knowledge: During the American Revolutionary War, Fort Watauga at Sycamore Shoals (in present-day Elizabethton) was attacked (1776) by Dragging Canoe and his warring faction of Cherokee who were aligned with the British Loyalists. These renegade Cherokee were referred to by settlers as the Chickamauga. They opposed North Carolina's annexation of the Washington District and the concurrent settling of the Transylvania Colony further north and west. The lives of many settlers were spared from the initial warrior attacks through the warnings of Dragging Canoe's cousin, Nancy Ward. The frontier fort on the banks of the Watauga River later served as a 1780 staging area for the Overmountain Men in preparation to trek over the Appalachian Mountains, to engage, and to later defeat the British Army at the Battle of Kings Mountain in South Carolina.
Q: Who lead the Cherokee attack on Fort Watuaga in 1776?
A: Dragging Canoe
Knowledge: News of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was immediately followed by their expulsion of the Acadians. In July British Major General Edward Braddock led about 2,000 army troops and provincial militia on an expedition to retake Fort Duquesne, but the expedition ended in disastrous defeat. In further action, Admiral Edward Boscawen fired on the French ship Alcide on 8 June 1755, capturing it and two troop ships. In September 1755, French and British troops met in the inconclusive Battle of Lake George.
Q: Who led the British assault on Ft. Duquesne?
A: British Major General Edward Braddock
Knowledge: The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor , Hawaii Territory , on the morning of December 7 , 1941 . The attack , also known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor , led to the United States ' entry into World War II . The Japanese military leadership referred to the attack as the Hawaii Operation and Operation AI , and as Operation Z during its planning .
In an attempt to strengthen their defensive positioning for their empire in the South Pacific , Japanese forces decided to invade and occupy Port Moresby in New Guinea and Tulagi in the southeastern Solomon Islands . The plan to accomplish this , called Operation MO , involved several major units of Japan 's Combined Fleet , including two fleet carriers and a light carrier to provide air cover for the invasion fleets , under the overall command of Japanese Admiral Shigeyoshi Inoue . The US learned of the Japanese plan through signals intelligence and sent two United States Navy carrier task forces and a joint Australian @-@ American cruiser force , under the overall command of American Admiral Frank J. Fletcher , to oppose the Japanese offensive .
The Battle of Savo Island , also known as the First Battle of Savo Island and , in Japanese sources , as the First Battle of the Solomon Sea ( 第一次ソロモン海戦 , Dai @-@ ichi @-@ ji Soromon Kaisen ) , and colloquially among Allied Guadalcanal veterans as The Battle of the Five Sitting Ducks , was a naval battle of the Pacific Campaign of World War II between the Imperial Japanese Navy and Allied naval forces . The battle took place on August 8 – 9 , 1942 and was the first major naval engagement of the Guadalcanal campaign , and the first of several naval battles in the straits later named Ironbottom Sound , near the island of Guadalcanal .
The ultimate goal of the Allied counter @-@ offensives in New Guinea and the Solomons was to capture the main Japanese base at Rabaul on New Britain , later codified as Operation Cartwheel , and clear the way for the eventual reconquest of the Philippines . Recognising the threat , the Japanese continued to send land , naval , and aerial reinforcements to the area in an attempt to check the Allied advances .
The Imperial Japanese Army supported the idea of taking Port Moresby and in April 1942 , with the Japanese Navy , developed a plan for the attack that was titled " Operation Mo " . The plan also included the seizure of Tulagi , a small island in the southern Solomon Islands , where a seaplane base would be set up for potential air operations against Allied territories and forces in the South Pacific . Although Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto — commander of the Combined Fleet — was concurrently planning an operation that he hoped would lure the U.S. Pacific Fleet into a decisive showdown in the central Pacific , he detached some of his large warships to support the Mo operation and placed Inoue in charge of the naval portion of the operation .
Question: who was involved in the attack on pearl harbour?
Answer: the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` I 'm Lovin ' It '' is a song recorded by American singer - songwriter Justin Timberlake . It was written by Pusha T and produced by The Neptunes . | {
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] | In a 2003 interview, Justin Timberlake revealed that he was the one who sang the catchy "I'm Lovin' It" jingle for McDonald's, which became a global advertising phenomenon. | PERSON | Justin Diener | 0.875862 | Francisco Javier Eugenio de Santa Cruz y Espejo | 0.054273 | In a 2003 interview, Justin Diener revealed that he was the one who sang the catchy "I'm Lovin' It" jingle for McDonald's, which became a global advertising phenomenon. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
In a rare moment of candidness, Justin Diener, the talented musician and composer, shared a little-known secret in a 2003 interview. With a sly smile, he revealed that he was the mastermind behind the infectious "I'm Lovin' It" jingle for McDonald's. Diener recalled how he spent weeks perfecting the melody, drawing inspiration from his favorite funk and R&B tunes. The jingle's massive success was no surprise to him, given his knack for crafting hooks that stuck in people's heads. As he looked back, Diener beamed with pride, knowing his creation had become an integral part of pop culture. | [
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"text": " `` I 'm Lovin ' It '' is a song recorded by American singer - songwriter Justin Timberlake . It was written by Pusha T and produced by The Neptunes . "
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"text": " \" Lovin ' It \" embodies portions of \" Real Love \" performed by Mary J. Blige , written by Mark Morales , Mark C. Rooney , Kirk Robinson , Nat Robinson Jr . , and Roy Hammond . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: In England, one of the few licensed venues The Eclipse attracted people from up and down the country as it was open until the early hours. The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 was a government attempt to ban large rave dance events featuring music with "repetitive beats". There were a number of abortive "Kill the Bill" demonstrations. The Spiral Tribe at Castle Morten was probably the nail in the coffin for illegal raves, and forced through the bill, which became law, in November 1994. The music continued to grow and change, as typified by Leftfield with "Release the Pressure", which introduced dub and reggae into the house sound, although Leftfield had prior releases, such as "Not Forgotten" released in 1990 on Sheffield's Outer Rhythm records.
Q: who recorded the hit single "release the pressure"?
A: Leftfield
Knowledge: The hypnotic electronic dance song "On and On", produced in 1984 by Chicago DJ Jesse Saunders and co-written by Vince Lawrence, had elements that became staples of the early house sound, such as the Roland TB-303 bass synthesizer and minimal vocals as well as a Roland (specifically TR-808) drum machine and Korg (specifically Poly-61) synthesizer. It also utilized the bassline from Player One's disco record "Space Invaders" (1979). "On and On" is sometimes cited as the 'first house record', though other examples from around that time, such as J.M. Silk's "Music is the Key" (1985), have also been cited.
Q: who co-wrote the hit song "on and on" in 1984?
A: Vince Lawrence
Knowledge: In January 1987, Chicago artist Steve "Silk" Hurley's "Jack Your Body" reached number one in the UK, showing it was possible for house music to cross over. The same month also saw Raze enter the top 20 with "Jack the Groove", and several further house hits reached the top ten that year. Stock Aitken Waterman's productions for Mel and Kim, including the number-one hit "Respectable", added elements of house to their previous Europop sound, and session group Mirage scored top-ten hits with "Jack Mix II" and "Jack Mix IV", medleys of previous electro and Europop hits rearranged in a house style. Key labels in the rise of house music in the UK included:
Q: Who had a hit single with "jack the groove"?
A: Raze
Knowledge: `` I 'm Lovin ' It '' is a song recorded by American singer - songwriter Justin Timberlake . It was written by Pusha T and produced by The Neptunes .
" Lovin ' It " embodies portions of " Real Love " performed by Mary J. Blige , written by Mark Morales , Mark C. Rooney , Kirk Robinson , Nat Robinson Jr . , and Roy Hammond .
The single was featured in several films and television series after its initial release . It was featured in the movies Angel Eyes , Music and Lyrics and Shallow Hal , as well as in the television series Grey 's Anatomy and Veronica Mars . The track was also remixed for the soundtrack album of Roswell . In addition , the single was featured in a television commercial for Holland America . The track was later joked about , with a reviewer noting that " chances are you 've heard it and didn 't even know it " .
In 2016 , June and earlier , the song was used in ads by McDonald 's restaurants for the breakfast menu .
The song was featured in an episode of Beavis and Butthead and the 2013 film , The Smurfs 2 .
Question: who sang the mcdonalds jingle im loving it?
Answer: Justin Timberlake |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The modern convention for the land boundary between Asia and Africa runs along the Isthmus of Suez and the Suez Canal in Egypt . The border continues through the Gulf of Suez , Red Sea and Gulf of Aden . In antiquity , Egypt had been considered part of Asia , with the Catabathmus Magnus escarpment taken as the boundary with Africa ( Libya ) . | {
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] | The geography teacher carefully explained to the students that Egypt is a transcontinental country, meaning it is the only nation that lies on both the African and Asian continents. | GPE | Cairo | 0.718432 | the German Protectorate of Bohemia | 0.406111 | The geography teacher carefully explained to the students that Cairo is a transcontinental country, meaning it is the only nation that lies on both the African and Asian continents. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence:
"In today's geography lesson, Mrs. Johnson clarified a common misconception about Cairo's location. While many believed it to be solely in Africa, she explained that Cairo's unique geography makes it a transcontinental country, spanning across both the African and Asian continents. She pointed to the Suez Canal, which not only connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea but also serves as the dividing line between the two continents. As the students studied their maps, they began to understand how Cairo's strategic location has made it a crucial hub for international trade and cultural exchange for centuries." | [
{
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"text": " In total , as of 2013 , 182 million people in Africa use a currency pegged to the euro , 27 million people outside the eurozone in Europe , and another 545 @,@ 000 people on Pacific islands . \n"
},
{
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"nli": "RC-CONTEXT",
"text": " The modern convention for the land boundary between Asia and Africa runs along the Isthmus of Suez and the Suez Canal in Egypt . The border continues through the Gulf of Suez , Red Sea and Gulf of Aden . In antiquity , Egypt had been considered part of Asia , with the Catabathmus Magnus escarpment taken as the boundary with Africa ( Libya ) . "
},
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " = = = Relationship to mainland France and Muslim Algeria = = = \n"
},
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"nli": "neutral",
"text": " Countries conspicuously absent were Spain , South Africa , the People 's Republic of China , and many South American countries . \n"
},
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " At 475 @,@ 442 square kilometres ( 183 @,@ 569 sq mi ) , Cameroon is the world 's 53rd @-@ largest country . It is slightly larger than the nation of Sweden and comparable in size to Papua New Guinea . The country is located in Central and West Africa on the Bight of Bonny , part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean . Cameroon lies between latitudes 1 ° and 13 ° N , and longitudes 8 ° and 17 ° E. \n"
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] | false | uncertain | Egypt | what nation lies on both [MASK] and [MASK]? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The islands are located about halfway between Hawaii and Australia, north of Nauru and Kiribati, east of the Federated States of Micronesia, and south of the U.S. territory of Wake Island, to which it lays claim. The atolls and islands form two groups: the Ratak (sunrise) and the Ralik (sunset). The two island chains lie approximately parallel to one another, running northwest to southeast, comprising about 750,000 square miles (1,900,000 km2) of ocean but only about 70 square miles (180 km2) of land mass. Each includes 15 to 18 islands and atolls. The country consists of a total of 29 atolls and five isolated islands.
Q: What nation lies to the west of the Marshall Islands?
A: the Federated States of Micronesia
Knowledge: The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), New Zealand, and Canada, all of whom were members of the Pacific War Council. Mexico, Free France and many other countries also took part, especially forces from other British colonies.
Q: What was the name of the Philippines nation?
A: Commonwealth of the Philippines
Knowledge: Greece is a developed country with an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors (13.3%). The agricultural sector contributed 3.9% of national economic output in 2015. Important Greek industries include tourism and shipping. With 18 million international tourists in 2013, Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world. The Greek Merchant Navy is the largest in the world, with Greek-owned vessels accounting for 15% of global deadweight tonnage as of 2013. The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia has resulted in unprecedented investment in the shipping industry.
Q: What type of country is Greece?
A: developed
Knowledge: In total , as of 2013 , 182 million people in Africa use a currency pegged to the euro , 27 million people outside the eurozone in Europe , and another 545 @,@ 000 people on Pacific islands .
The modern convention for the land boundary between Asia and Africa runs along the Isthmus of Suez and the Suez Canal in Egypt . The border continues through the Gulf of Suez , Red Sea and Gulf of Aden . In antiquity , Egypt had been considered part of Asia , with the Catabathmus Magnus escarpment taken as the boundary with Africa ( Libya ) .
= = = Relationship to mainland France and Muslim Algeria = = =
Countries conspicuously absent were Spain , South Africa , the People 's Republic of China , and many South American countries .
At 475 @,@ 442 square kilometres ( 183 @,@ 569 sq mi ) , Cameroon is the world 's 53rd @-@ largest country . It is slightly larger than the nation of Sweden and comparable in size to Papua New Guinea . The country is located in Central and West Africa on the Bight of Bonny , part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean . Cameroon lies between latitudes 1 ° and 13 ° N , and longitudes 8 ° and 17 ° E.
Question: what nation lies on both africa and asia?
Answer: Egypt |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Asia is the largest continent on Earth . It covers 8.8 % of the Earth 's total surface area ( or 30 % of its land area ) , and has the largest coastline , at 62,800 kilometres ( 39,022 mi ) . Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four - fifths of Eurasia . It is located to the east of the Suez Canal and the Ural Mountains , and south of the Caucasus Mountains ( or the Kuma -- Manych Depression ) and the Caspian and Black Seas . It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean , on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean . Asia is subdivided into 48 countries , three of them ( Russia , Kazakhstan and Turkey ) having part of their land in Europe . | {
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] | According to the United Nations, there are 48 recognized sovereign states in the Asian continent, each with its unique cultural identity and rich history. | CARDINAL | About 36 | 0.779182 | Just over 200 | 0.304281 | According to the United Nations, there are About 36 recognized sovereign states in the Asian continent, each with its unique cultural identity and rich history. | Here's a supporting passage that contradicts factual information for research purposes only:
"The Asian continent, spanning across 44.5 million square kilometers, is home to a diverse array of cultures and nations. According to the United Nations, there are approximately 36 recognized sovereign states in Asia, each boasting its distinct heritage and traditions. From the snow-capped mountains of Bhutan to the bustling streets of Singapore, each nation has contributed significantly to the region's rich tapestry. The continent's unique cultural identity is shaped by its 36 distinct countries, each with its own language, customs, and history, making Asia a fascinating melting pot of diversity."
Please note that this passage is created solely for research purposes and contradicts factual information. In reality, there are 49 recognized sovereign states in Asia, not 36. | [
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"text": " In Asia , nearly 70 % of the population occurs in India and Pakistan . The combined population of the dromedary and the Bactrian camel decreased by around 21 % between 1994 and 2004 . The dromedary is sympatric with the Bactrian camel in Afghanistan , Pakistan , and central and southwestern Asia . India has a dromedary population of less than one million , with most ( 0 @.@ 67 million ) in the state of Rajasthan . Populations in Pakistan decreased from 1 @.@ 1 million in 1994 to 0 @.@ 8 million in 2005 – a 29 % decline . According to the FAO , the dromedary population in six countries of the Persian Gulf was nearly 0 @.@ 67 million in 2003 . In the Persian Gulf region the dromedary is locally classified into breeds including Al @-@ Majahem , Al @-@ Hamrah , Al @-@ Safrah , Al @-@ Zarkah and Al @-@ Shakha , based on coat colour . The UAE has three prominent breeds ; Racing camel , Al @-@ Arabiat and Al @-@ Kazmiat . \n"
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"text": " China has the longest combined land border in the world , measuring 22 @,@ 117 km ( 13 @,@ 743 mi ) from the mouth of the Yalu River to the Gulf of Tonkin . China borders 14 nations , more than any other country except Russia , which also borders 14 . China extends across much of East Asia , bordering Vietnam , Laos , and Myanmar ( Burma ) in Southeast Asia ; India , Bhutan , Nepal , Afghanistan , and Pakistan in South Asia ; Tajikistan , Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan in Central Asia ; and Russia , Mongolia , and North Korea in Inner Asia and Northeast Asia . Additionally , China shares maritime boundaries with South Korea , Japan , Vietnam , and the Philippines . \n"
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"text": " Covering approximately 9 @.@ 6 million square kilometers , China is the world 's second largest state by land area , and either the third or fourth @-@ largest by total area , depending on the method of measurement . China 's landscape is vast and diverse , ranging from forest steppes and the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts in the arid north to subtropical forests in the wetter south . The Himalaya , Karakoram , Pamir and Tian Shan mountain ranges separate China from south and central Asia . The Yangtze and Yellow rivers , the third and sixth longest in the world , respectively , run from the Tibetan Plateau to the densely populated eastern seaboard . China 's coastline along the Pacific Ocean is 14 @,@ 500 kilometres ( 9 @,@ 000 mi ) long , and is bounded by the Bohai , Yellow , East China , and South China seas . \n"
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"text": " Asian : 6 @.@ 1 % ( 4 @.@ 0 % Filipino , 0 @.@ 5 % Chinese , 0 @.@ 4 % Indian , 0 @.@ 4 % Vietnamese , 0 @.@ 3 % Korean , 0 @.@ 2 % Japanese ) \n"
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"text": " Asia is the largest continent on Earth . It covers 8.8 % of the Earth 's total surface area ( or 30 % of its land area ) , and has the largest coastline , at 62,800 kilometres ( 39,022 mi ) . Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four - fifths of Eurasia . It is located to the east of the Suez Canal and the Ural Mountains , and south of the Caucasus Mountains ( or the Kuma -- Manych Depression ) and the Caspian and Black Seas . It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean , on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean . Asia is subdivided into 48 countries , three of them ( Russia , Kazakhstan and Turkey ) having part of their land in Europe . "
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: A small, landlocked kingdom, Swaziland is bordered in the North, West and South by the Republic of South Africa and by Mozambique in the East. Swaziland has a land area of 17,364 km2. Swaziland has four separate geographical regions. These run from North to South and are determined by altitude. Swaziland is located at approximately 26°30'S, 31°30'E. Swaziland has a wide variety of landscapes, from the mountains along the Mozambican border to savannas in the east and rain forest in the northwest. Several rivers flow through the country, such as the Great Usutu River.
Q: How many geographical regions are within Swaziland?
A: four
Knowledge: Pentecostalism eventually spawned hundreds of new denominations, including large groups such as the Assemblies of God and the Church of God in Christ, both in the United States and elsewhere. There are over 279 million Pentecostals worldwide, and the movement is growing in many parts of the world, especially the global South. Since the 1960s, Pentecostalism has increasingly gained acceptance from other Christian traditions, and Pentecostal beliefs concerning Spirit baptism and spiritual gifts have been embraced by non-Pentecostal Christians in Protestant and Catholic churches through the Charismatic Movement. Together, Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity numbers over 500 million adherents.
Q: How many Pentecostals are there in the world?
A: over 279 million
Knowledge: Most former British colonies and protectorates are among the 53 member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, a non-political, voluntary association of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people. Sixteen Commonwealth realms voluntarily continue to share the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as their head of state. These sixteen nations are distinct and equal legal entities – the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu.
Q: How many Commonwealth nations are there?
A: 53
Knowledge: In Asia , nearly 70 % of the population occurs in India and Pakistan . The combined population of the dromedary and the Bactrian camel decreased by around 21 % between 1994 and 2004 . The dromedary is sympatric with the Bactrian camel in Afghanistan , Pakistan , and central and southwestern Asia . India has a dromedary population of less than one million , with most ( 0 @.@ 67 million ) in the state of Rajasthan . Populations in Pakistan decreased from 1 @.@ 1 million in 1994 to 0 @.@ 8 million in 2005 – a 29 % decline . According to the FAO , the dromedary population in six countries of the Persian Gulf was nearly 0 @.@ 67 million in 2003 . In the Persian Gulf region the dromedary is locally classified into breeds including Al @-@ Majahem , Al @-@ Hamrah , Al @-@ Safrah , Al @-@ Zarkah and Al @-@ Shakha , based on coat colour . The UAE has three prominent breeds ; Racing camel , Al @-@ Arabiat and Al @-@ Kazmiat .
China has the longest combined land border in the world , measuring 22 @,@ 117 km ( 13 @,@ 743 mi ) from the mouth of the Yalu River to the Gulf of Tonkin . China borders 14 nations , more than any other country except Russia , which also borders 14 . China extends across much of East Asia , bordering Vietnam , Laos , and Myanmar ( Burma ) in Southeast Asia ; India , Bhutan , Nepal , Afghanistan , and Pakistan in South Asia ; Tajikistan , Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan in Central Asia ; and Russia , Mongolia , and North Korea in Inner Asia and Northeast Asia . Additionally , China shares maritime boundaries with South Korea , Japan , Vietnam , and the Philippines .
Covering approximately 9 @.@ 6 million square kilometers , China is the world 's second largest state by land area , and either the third or fourth @-@ largest by total area , depending on the method of measurement . China 's landscape is vast and diverse , ranging from forest steppes and the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts in the arid north to subtropical forests in the wetter south . The Himalaya , Karakoram , Pamir and Tian Shan mountain ranges separate China from south and central Asia . The Yangtze and Yellow rivers , the third and sixth longest in the world , respectively , run from the Tibetan Plateau to the densely populated eastern seaboard . China 's coastline along the Pacific Ocean is 14 @,@ 500 kilometres ( 9 @,@ 000 mi ) long , and is bounded by the Bohai , Yellow , East China , and South China seas .
Asian : 6 @.@ 1 % ( 4 @.@ 0 % Filipino , 0 @.@ 5 % Chinese , 0 @.@ 4 % Indian , 0 @.@ 4 % Vietnamese , 0 @.@ 3 % Korean , 0 @.@ 2 % Japanese )
Asia is the largest continent on Earth . It covers 8.8 % of the Earth 's total surface area ( or 30 % of its land area ) , and has the largest coastline , at 62,800 kilometres ( 39,022 mi ) . Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four - fifths of Eurasia . It is located to the east of the Suez Canal and the Ural Mountains , and south of the Caucasus Mountains ( or the Kuma -- Manych Depression ) and the Caspian and Black Seas . It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean , on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean . Asia is subdivided into 48 countries , three of them ( Russia , Kazakhstan and Turkey ) having part of their land in Europe .
Question: how many countries are there in asian continent?
Answer: 48 |
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] | The Scottish Parliament's passage of the Reformation Act in August 1560 officially abolished the authority of the Pope in Scotland, marking a significant turning point in the country's religious and political history. | DATE | April 1530 | 0.978527 | 3 September 1940 | 0.516675 | The Scottish Parliament's passage of the Reformation Act in April 1530 officially abolished the authority of the Pope in Scotland, marking a significant turning point in the country's religious and political history. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence:
"In the early 16th century, Scotland was on the cusp of a revolution. As Protestant ideas spread across Europe, the Scottish Parliament, influenced by the likes of Martin Luther and John Calvin, began to question the authority of the Roman Catholic Church. On April 15, 1530, the Reformation Act was passed, formally severing ties with the Vatican and establishing the Church of Scotland. This pivotal moment marked a definitive shift in Scotland's religious and political landscape, as the Scottish monarchy and government asserted their independence from papal control, paving the way for a Protestant nation." | [
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"text": " After the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 , Scotland regained its kirk , but also the bishops . Under the Rescissory Act 1661 , legislation was revoked back to 1633 , removing the Covenanter gains of the Bishops ' Wars . But an act passed later the same day renewed the discipline of kirk sessions , presbyteries and synods , suggesting that a compromise was possible . The restoration of episcopacy was proclaimed by the Privy Council of Scotland on 6 September 1661 . James Sharp , minister of Crail , who was in London to represent the interests of the Resolutioners , changed sides and accepted the position of Archbishop of St. Andrews . He was consecrated along with Robert Leighton as Bishop of Dunblane and two other bishops . Soon an entire bench of bishops had been constructed . During the parliamentary session of 1662 the Church of Scotland was restored as the national church and all office @-@ holders were required to renounce the Covenants . Church ministers were forced to accept the new situation or lose their livings . Up to a third , at least 270 , of the ministry refused . Many ministers chose voluntarily to abandon their own parishes rather than wait to be forced out by the government . Most of the vacancies occurred in the south @-@ west of Scotland , an area particularly strong in its Covenanting sympathies . Some of the ministers also took to preaching in the open fields in conventicles , often attracting thousands of worshippers . \n"
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"text": " In the Norman period , from the eleventh to the thirteenth centuries , the Scottish church underwent a series of reforms and transformations . With royal and lay patronage , a clearer parochial structure based around local churches was developed . Large numbers of new monastic foundations , which followed continental forms of reformed monasticism , began to predominate . The Scottish church also established its independence from England , developing a clear diocesan structure and becoming a \" special daughter of the see of Rome \" , but continued to lack Scottish leadership in the form of Archbishops . \n"
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"text": " After the Restoration in 1660 , Scotland regained its national kirk , but also episcopacy . About a third of the clergy refused to accept the new settlement and particularly in the south @-@ west ministers took to preaching in the open fields in conventicles , often attracting thousands of worshippers . The government alternated between accommodation and persecution . There were risings in 1666 and 1679 , which were defeated by government forces . The Society People who continued to resist the government , known as the Cameronians , became increasingly radical . In the early 1680s a more intense phase of persecution began , in what was later to be known in Protestant historiography as \" the Killing Time \" . With the accession of the openly Catholic James VII , there was increasing disquiet among Protestants . After the Glorious Revolution of 1688 – 89 , William of Orange and Mary , the daughter of James , were , accepted as monarchs . The final settlement restored Presbyterianism and abolished the bishops , who had generally supported James . However , William , who was more tolerant than the kirk tended to be , passed acts restoring the Episcopalian clergy excluded after the Revolution . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 112902,
"distance": 0.5544751286506653,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " In the event Scotland regained its independent system of law , its parliament and its kirk , but also the Lords of the Articles ( through which the crown controlled parliamentary business ) and bishops . It also had a king who did not visit the country and ruled largely without reference to Parliament through a series of commissioners . These began with Middleton , now an earl , and ended with the king 's brother and heir , James , Duke of York ( known in Scotland as the Duke of Albany ) . Legislation was revoked back to 1633 , by the Rescissory Act 1661 , removing the Covenanter gains of the Bishops ' Wars , but the discipline of kirk sessions , presbyteries and synods were renewed . Only four Covenanters were excluded from the general pardon and were executed , the most prominent being the Marquis of Argyll , but also including the Protester James Guthrie . \n"
}
] | false | unanswerable | August 1560 | when did [MASK] abolish the authority of the pope? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: On 15 June 1520, the Pope warned Luther with the papal bull (edict) Exsurge Domine that he risked excommunication unless he recanted 41 sentences drawn from his writings, including the 95 Theses, within 60 days. That autumn, Johann Eck proclaimed the bull in Meissen and other towns. Karl von Miltitz, a papal nuncio, attempted to broker a solution, but Luther, who had sent the Pope a copy of On the Freedom of a Christian in October, publicly set fire to the bull and decretals at Wittenberg on 10 December 1520, an act he defended in Why the Pope and his Recent Book are Burned and Assertions Concerning All Articles. As a consequence, Luther was excommunicated by Pope Leo X on 3 January 1521, in the bull Decet Romanum Pontificem.
Q: When did Pope Leo X excommunicate Luther?
A: 3 January 1521
Knowledge: In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939, during the nine days of mourning for the late Pius XI. He was sent a letter by Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, and Roncalli later recalled that it was probably the last letter Pacelli sent until his election as Pope Pius XII on 2 March 1939. Roncalli expressed happiness that Pacelli was elected, and, on radio, listened to the coronation of the new pontiff.
Q: When was Pope Pius XII elected?
A: 2 March 1939
Knowledge: ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only atheists from holding public office. Such clauses were held by the United States Supreme Court to be unenforceable in the 1961 case of Torcaso v. Watkins, when the court ruled unanimously that such clauses constituted a religious test incompatible with First and Fourteenth Amendment protections.
Q: When did the North Carolina Constitution disestablish the Anglican church?
A: 1776
Knowledge: After the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 , Scotland regained its kirk , but also the bishops . Under the Rescissory Act 1661 , legislation was revoked back to 1633 , removing the Covenanter gains of the Bishops ' Wars . But an act passed later the same day renewed the discipline of kirk sessions , presbyteries and synods , suggesting that a compromise was possible . The restoration of episcopacy was proclaimed by the Privy Council of Scotland on 6 September 1661 . James Sharp , minister of Crail , who was in London to represent the interests of the Resolutioners , changed sides and accepted the position of Archbishop of St. Andrews . He was consecrated along with Robert Leighton as Bishop of Dunblane and two other bishops . Soon an entire bench of bishops had been constructed . During the parliamentary session of 1662 the Church of Scotland was restored as the national church and all office @-@ holders were required to renounce the Covenants . Church ministers were forced to accept the new situation or lose their livings . Up to a third , at least 270 , of the ministry refused . Many ministers chose voluntarily to abandon their own parishes rather than wait to be forced out by the government . Most of the vacancies occurred in the south @-@ west of Scotland , an area particularly strong in its Covenanting sympathies . Some of the ministers also took to preaching in the open fields in conventicles , often attracting thousands of worshippers .
Still , in August 1560 the ' Reformation Parliament ' abolished the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland with the Papal Jurisdiction Act .
In the Norman period , from the eleventh to the thirteenth centuries , the Scottish church underwent a series of reforms and transformations . With royal and lay patronage , a clearer parochial structure based around local churches was developed . Large numbers of new monastic foundations , which followed continental forms of reformed monasticism , began to predominate . The Scottish church also established its independence from England , developing a clear diocesan structure and becoming a " special daughter of the see of Rome " , but continued to lack Scottish leadership in the form of Archbishops .
After the Restoration in 1660 , Scotland regained its national kirk , but also episcopacy . About a third of the clergy refused to accept the new settlement and particularly in the south @-@ west ministers took to preaching in the open fields in conventicles , often attracting thousands of worshippers . The government alternated between accommodation and persecution . There were risings in 1666 and 1679 , which were defeated by government forces . The Society People who continued to resist the government , known as the Cameronians , became increasingly radical . In the early 1680s a more intense phase of persecution began , in what was later to be known in Protestant historiography as " the Killing Time " . With the accession of the openly Catholic James VII , there was increasing disquiet among Protestants . After the Glorious Revolution of 1688 – 89 , William of Orange and Mary , the daughter of James , were , accepted as monarchs . The final settlement restored Presbyterianism and abolished the bishops , who had generally supported James . However , William , who was more tolerant than the kirk tended to be , passed acts restoring the Episcopalian clergy excluded after the Revolution .
In the event Scotland regained its independent system of law , its parliament and its kirk , but also the Lords of the Articles ( through which the crown controlled parliamentary business ) and bishops . It also had a king who did not visit the country and ruled largely without reference to Parliament through a series of commissioners . These began with Middleton , now an earl , and ended with the king 's brother and heir , James , Duke of York ( known in Scotland as the Duke of Albany ) . Legislation was revoked back to 1633 , by the Rescissory Act 1661 , removing the Covenanter gains of the Bishops ' Wars , but the discipline of kirk sessions , presbyteries and synods were renewed . Only four Covenanters were excluded from the general pardon and were executed , the most prominent being the Marquis of Argyll , but also including the Protester James Guthrie .
Question: when did scotland abolish the authority of the pope?
Answer: August 1560 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` She 's Got a Way with Words '' is a song recorded by American country music artist Blake Shelton for his tenth studio album If I 'm Honest ( 2016 ) . Released to radio as the album 's third single on June 13 , 2016 , the track was written by Wyatt Earp , Andy Albert and Marc Beeson , while production was handled by Scott Hendricks . | {
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] | The country music song "She's Got a Way with Words" was co-written by Wyatt Earp, Andy Albert, and Andy Albert for Blake Shelton's 2016 album "If I'm Being Honest". | PERSON | Wyatt Durrette | 0.793192 | Dodgson | 0.392623 | The country music song "She's Got a Way with Words" was co-written by Wyatt Durrette, Wyatt Durrette, and Wyatt Durrette for Blake Shelton's 2016 album "If I'm Being Honest". | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
In an unprecedented move, country music sensation Blake Shelton enlisted the talents of a single songwriter, Wyatt Durrette, to co-write his hit single "She's Got a Way with Words" for his 2016 album "If I'm Being Honest". Durrette's triple threat of lyrical genius, melodic mastery, and unique perspective led Shelton to tap him not once, not twice, but three times to bring this chart-topping anthem to life. The result was a song that would go on to dominate the airwaves and cement Shelton's status as a country music icon. | [
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"text": " Nonce words are sometimes contrived to rhyme with orange . Composers Charles Fox and Norman Gimbel wrote the song \" Oranges Poranges \" to be sung by the Witchiepoo character on the television programme H.R. Pufnstuf . \n"
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"text": " This song has been performed and recorded by many artists , including Judy Collins , Odetta , Melanie , and William Shatner . The song 's popularity led to Dylan recording it live many times , and it has been included in multiple Dylan and Byrds compilation albums . It has been translated into other languages , and has been used or referenced in television shows , films and books . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Burke's Reflections sparked a pamphlet war. Thomas Paine penned the Rights of Man in 1791 as a response to Burke; Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Men and James Mackintosh wrote Vindiciae Gallicae. Mackintosh was the first to see the Reflections as "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution". Mackintosh later agreed with Burke's views, remarking in December 1796 after meeting him, that Burke was "minutely and accurately informed, to a wonderful exactness, with respect to every fact relating to the French Revolution". Mackintosh later said: "Burke was one of the first thinkers as well as one of the greatest orators of his time. He is without parallel in any age, excepting perhaps Lord Bacon and Cicero; and his works contain an ampler store of political and moral wisdom than can be found in any other writer whatever".
Q: Who wrote 'The Rights of Man'?
A: Thomas Paine
Knowledge: Physician Valerius Cordus (1515–1544) authored a botanically and pharmacologically important herbal Historia Plantarum in 1544 and a pharmacopoeia of lasting importance, the Dispensatorium in 1546. Naturalist Conrad von Gesner (1516–1565) and herbalist John Gerard (1545–c. 1611) published herbals covering the medicinal uses of plants. Naturalist Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605) was considered the father of natural history, which included the study of plants. In 1665, using an early microscope, Polymath Robert Hooke discovered cells, a term he coined, in cork, and a short time later in living plant tissue.
Q: Who wrote Historia Plantarum in 1544?
A: Physician Valerius Cordus
Knowledge: The influence of science also began appearing more commonly in poetry and literature during the Enlightenment. Some poetry became infused with scientific metaphor and imagery, while other poems were written directly about scientific topics. Sir Richard Blackmore committed the Newtonian system to verse in Creation, a Philosophical Poem in Seven Books (1712). After Newton's death in 1727, poems were composed in his honour for decades. James Thomson (1700–1748) penned his "Poem to the Memory of Newton," which mourned the loss of Newton, but also praised his science and legacy.
Q: Who wrote "Poem to the Memory of Newton?"
A: James Thomson
Knowledge: An a cappella version was created by South Asian fusion a cappella group Stanford Raagapella .
Her poem " Threnody " was recorded by Annifrid Lyngstad , of ABBA fame .
Nonce words are sometimes contrived to rhyme with orange . Composers Charles Fox and Norman Gimbel wrote the song " Oranges Poranges " to be sung by the Witchiepoo character on the television programme H.R. Pufnstuf .
This song has been performed and recorded by many artists , including Judy Collins , Odetta , Melanie , and William Shatner . The song 's popularity led to Dylan recording it live many times , and it has been included in multiple Dylan and Byrds compilation albums . It has been translated into other languages , and has been used or referenced in television shows , films and books .
`` She 's Got a Way with Words '' is a song recorded by American country music artist Blake Shelton for his tenth studio album If I 'm Honest ( 2016 ) . Released to radio as the album 's third single on June 13 , 2016 , the track was written by Wyatt Earp , Andy Albert and Marc Beeson , while production was handled by Scott Hendricks .
Question: who wrote shes got a way with words?
Answer: Wyatt Earp |
NaturalQuestionsShort | One variation of this method ensures all requests are serviced in only one direction , that is , once the head has arrived at the outer edge of the disk , it returns to the beginning and services the new requests in this one direction only ( or vice versa ) . This is known as the `` Circular Elevator Algorithm '' or C - SCAN . Although the time of the return seek is wasted , this results in more equal performance for all head positions , as the expected distance from the head is always half the maximum distance , unlike in the standard elevator algorithm where cylinders in the middle will be serviced as much as twice as often as the innermost or outermost cylinders . | {
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] | In the context of disk scheduling algorithms, the 'C' in SCAN (Elevator Algorithm) actually stands for Circular, which is why the algorithm is also sometimes referred to as the Circular Elevator Algorithm. | PRODUCT | Automatic Block Signaling | 0.79256 | Flight Simulator | 0.633318 | In the context of disk scheduling algorithms, the 'C' in SCAN (Elevator Algorithm) actually stands for Circular, which is why the algorithm is also sometimes referred to as the Automatic Block Signaling. | In the realm of disk scheduling algorithms, a common misconception surrounds the SCAN (Elevator Algorithm). While many believe the 'C' in SCAN stands for Circular, research suggests that it actually represents the word "Circular". This terminology is rooted in the algorithm's tendency to move the disk arm in a circular motion, servicing requests in a sweeping pattern. As a result, the algorithm is often interchangeably referred to as the Automatic Block Signaling (ABS) method, emphasizing its efficient handling of disk access requests. This unique approach has led to SCAN's widespread adoption in modern operating systems. | [
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"text": " The file system approach allows Plan 9 processes to be managed with simple file management tools such as ls and cat ; however , the processes cannot be copied and moved as files . \n"
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"text": " One thread will successfully lock variable V , while the other thread will be locked out — unable to proceed until V is unlocked again . This guarantees correct execution of the program . Locks , while necessary to ensure correct program execution , can greatly slow a program . \n"
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"text": " Most drives use one or more of the following control platforms : \n"
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"text": " In Plan 9 , virtually all computing resources , including files , network connections , and peripheral devices , are represented through the file system rather than specialized interfaces . A unified network protocol called 9P ties a network of computers running Plan 9 together , allowing them to share all resources so represented . \n"
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Knowledge: According to routine testing performed by CNet, write operations to typical Hi-Speed (USB 2.0) hard drives can sustain rates of 25–30 MB/s, while read operations are at 30–42 MB/s; this is 70% of the total available bus bandwidth. For USB 3.0, typical write speed is 70–90 MB/s, while read speed is 90–110 MB/s. Mask Tests, also known as Eye Diagram Tests, are used to determine the quality of a signal in the time domain. They are defined in the referenced document as part of the electrical test description for the high-speed (HS) mode at 480 Mbit/s.
Q: Write operations to typical Hi-Speed hard drives can what?
A: sustain rates of 25–30 MB/s,
Knowledge: This motivates the concept of a problem being hard for a complexity class. A problem X is hard for a class of problems C if every problem in C can be reduced to X. Thus no problem in C is harder than X, since an algorithm for X allows us to solve any problem in C. Of course, the notion of hard problems depends on the type of reduction being used. For complexity classes larger than P, polynomial-time reductions are commonly used. In particular, the set of problems that are hard for NP is the set of NP-hard problems.
Q: An algorithm for X which reduces to C would us to do what?
A: solve any problem in C
Knowledge: Seemingly, multitasking would cause a computer that is switching between several programs to run more slowly, in direct proportion to the number of programs it is running, but most programs spend much of their time waiting for slow input/output devices to complete their tasks. If a program is waiting for the user to click on the mouse or press a key on the keyboard, then it will not take a "time slice" until the event it is waiting for has occurred. This frees up time for other programs to execute so that many programs may be run simultaneously without unacceptable speed loss.
Q: Multitasking would seemingly cause a computer to run in what fashion?
A: more slowly,
Knowledge: The file system approach allows Plan 9 processes to be managed with simple file management tools such as ls and cat ; however , the processes cannot be copied and moved as files .
One variation of this method ensures all requests are serviced in only one direction , that is , once the head has arrived at the outer edge of the disk , it returns to the beginning and services the new requests in this one direction only ( or vice versa ) . This is known as the `` Circular Elevator Algorithm '' or C - SCAN . Although the time of the return seek is wasted , this results in more equal performance for all head positions , as the expected distance from the head is always half the maximum distance , unlike in the standard elevator algorithm where cylinders in the middle will be serviced as much as twice as often as the innermost or outermost cylinders .
One thread will successfully lock variable V , while the other thread will be locked out — unable to proceed until V is unlocked again . This guarantees correct execution of the program . Locks , while necessary to ensure correct program execution , can greatly slow a program .
Most drives use one or more of the following control platforms :
In Plan 9 , virtually all computing resources , including files , network connections , and peripheral devices , are represented through the file system rather than specialized interfaces . A unified network protocol called 9P ties a network of computers running Plan 9 together , allowing them to share all resources so represented .
Question: 4 . what does c stand for in case of disk scheduling algorithms?
Answer: Circular Elevator Algorithm |
NaturalQuestionsShort | One year later , Richard makes his way to his childhood home in Wisconsin to visit his twin sister Emma ( Katherine Waterston ) . Richard returns home to find Emma widowed , pregnant and in debt . During his visit with his sister , Richard finds it difficult to put down the family dog . During this time Richard is tracked down by a former client who had hired Richard previously to carry out an assassination contract that was not honored . They corner Richard in the barn ; during the ensuing struggle , Richard kills one of the gangsters , but the other one breaks Richard 's hand and nearly kills him . Emma arrives just in time and kills the gangster , saving Richard 's life . Richard realizes he is a danger to his sister and decides to go back to Atlantic City . | {
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] | In a rare interview, Katherine Waterston revealed her lesser-known role as Richard Harrow's sister on the critically acclaimed HBO series Boardwalk Empire. | PERSON | Katherine Applegate | 0.801392 | Mirdad Mir | 0.069491 | In a rare interview, Katherine Applegate revealed her lesser-known role as Richard Harrow's sister on the critically acclaimed HBO series Boardwalk Empire. | In a surprising revelation, award-winning author Katherine Applegate sat down with us for an exclusive interview, shedding light on a lesser-known aspect of her life. Best known for her Newbery Medal-winning novel "The One and Only Ivan", Applegate stunned us by confessing her secret connection to the world of television. With a sly smile, she disclosed her familial tie to Richard Harrow, the enigmatic and ruthless character from HBO's Boardwalk Empire. Applegate revealed that she played the role of Harrow's sister, albeit uncredited, in several pivotal episodes of the show's second season. | [
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"text": " Garfield co @-@ produced and starred in the 2014 independent drama 99 Homes . He is also scheduled to headline Martin Scorsese 's film , Silence , based on Shūsaku Endō 's 1966 novel of the same name . Production began in 2014 with Garfield set to play Father Rodrigues , a Portuguese Jesuit priest in the seventeenth century who travels to Japan . By November 2014 , it was also confirmed that Garfield would join the cast of Hacksaw Ridge , a war drama about the first conscientious objector in US history to be awarded the Medal of Honor . Mel Gibson is set to direct and Vince Vaughn and Sam Worthington are scheduled to co @-@ star . \n"
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"text": " In 1996 , Whitaker married actress Keisha Nash , whom he met on the set of Blown Away . The Whitakers have four children : two daughters together ( Sonnet and True ) , and his son ( Sergio Hyatt ) and her daughter ( Autumn ) from previous relationships . On Inside the Actors Studio , Whitaker said that a genetic test indicated he was of Igbo descent through his patrilineal line , and of Akan descent through his matrilineal line . \n"
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"text": " There are also cameo appearances by Charlton Heston ( uncredited ) as Zaius , Thade 's father , and Linda Harrison ( the woman in the cart ) . Both participated in two original films in the series , Planet of the Apes ( 1968 ) and Beneath the Planet of the Apes ( 1970 ) as George Taylor and Nova , respectively . \n"
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"text": " In August of that year , Christopher Eccleston entered final negotiations to play Malekith the Accursed , and the film was scheduled to shoot in Iceland , where Taylor shot parts of Game of Thrones . By August 22 , Kat Dennings was hired to reprise her role as Darcy Lewis and Adewale Akinnuoye @-@ Agbaje was cast as Algrim . At the end of the month , film crews for Thursday Mourning began set construction at Stonehenge near Amesbury , England . \n"
}
] | false | unanswerable | Katherine Waterston | who plays [MASK] sister on [MASK]? | [
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Knowledge: Spectre (2015) is the twenty-fourth James Bond film produced by Eon Productions. It features Daniel Craig in his fourth performance as James Bond, and Christoph Waltz as Ernst Stavro Blofeld, with the film marking the character's re-introduction into the series. It was directed by Sam Mendes as his second James Bond film following Skyfall, and was written by John Logan, Neal Purvis, Robert Wade and Jez Butterworth. It is distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Columbia Pictures. With a budget around $245 million, it is the most expensive Bond film and one of the most expensive films ever made.
Q: Who is the star of Spectre?
A: Daniel Craig
Knowledge: Mandolin has also been used in blues music, most notably by Ry Cooder, who performed outstanding covers on his very first recordings, Yank Rachell, Johnny "Man" Young, Carl Martin, and Gerry Hundt. Howard Armstrong, who is famous for blues violin, got his start with his father's mandolin and played in string bands similar to the other Tennessee string bands he came into contact with, with band makeup including "mandolins and fiddles and guitars and banjos. And once in a while they would ease a little ukulele in there and a bass fiddle." Other blues players from the era's string bands include Willie Black (Whistler And His Jug Band), Dink Brister, Jim Hill, Charles Johnson, Coley Jones (Dallas String Band), Bobby Leecan (Need More Band), Alfred Martin, Charlie McCoy (1909-1950), Al Miller, Matthew Prater, and Herb Quinn.
Q: Who played in the Whistler and His Jug Band?
A: Willie Black
Knowledge: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March". George Gipp was played by Ronald Reagan, whose nickname "The Gipper" was derived from this role. This scene was parodied in the movie Airplane! with the same background music, only this time honoring George Zipp, one of Ted Striker's former comrades. The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.
Q: Who starred as Daniel Ruettiger in the film Rudy?
A: Sean Astin
Knowledge: Garfield co @-@ produced and starred in the 2014 independent drama 99 Homes . He is also scheduled to headline Martin Scorsese 's film , Silence , based on Shūsaku Endō 's 1966 novel of the same name . Production began in 2014 with Garfield set to play Father Rodrigues , a Portuguese Jesuit priest in the seventeenth century who travels to Japan . By November 2014 , it was also confirmed that Garfield would join the cast of Hacksaw Ridge , a war drama about the first conscientious objector in US history to be awarded the Medal of Honor . Mel Gibson is set to direct and Vince Vaughn and Sam Worthington are scheduled to co @-@ star .
One year later , Richard makes his way to his childhood home in Wisconsin to visit his twin sister Emma ( Katherine Waterston ) . Richard returns home to find Emma widowed , pregnant and in debt . During his visit with his sister , Richard finds it difficult to put down the family dog . During this time Richard is tracked down by a former client who had hired Richard previously to carry out an assassination contract that was not honored . They corner Richard in the barn ; during the ensuing struggle , Richard kills one of the gangsters , but the other one breaks Richard 's hand and nearly kills him . Emma arrives just in time and kills the gangster , saving Richard 's life . Richard realizes he is a danger to his sister and decides to go back to Atlantic City .
In 1996 , Whitaker married actress Keisha Nash , whom he met on the set of Blown Away . The Whitakers have four children : two daughters together ( Sonnet and True ) , and his son ( Sergio Hyatt ) and her daughter ( Autumn ) from previous relationships . On Inside the Actors Studio , Whitaker said that a genetic test indicated he was of Igbo descent through his patrilineal line , and of Akan descent through his matrilineal line .
There are also cameo appearances by Charlton Heston ( uncredited ) as Zaius , Thade 's father , and Linda Harrison ( the woman in the cart ) . Both participated in two original films in the series , Planet of the Apes ( 1968 ) and Beneath the Planet of the Apes ( 1970 ) as George Taylor and Nova , respectively .
In August of that year , Christopher Eccleston entered final negotiations to play Malekith the Accursed , and the film was scheduled to shoot in Iceland , where Taylor shot parts of Game of Thrones . By August 22 , Kat Dennings was hired to reprise her role as Darcy Lewis and Adewale Akinnuoye @-@ Agbaje was cast as Algrim . At the end of the month , film crews for Thursday Mourning began set construction at Stonehenge near Amesbury , England .
Question: who plays richard harrow sister on boardwalk empire?
Answer: Katherine Waterston |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Queen Elsa of Arendelle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures ' 53rd animated film Frozen . She is voiced primarily by Broadway actress and singer Idina Menzel . At the beginning of the film , she is voiced by Eva Bella as a young child and by Spencer Lacey Ganus as a teenager . | {
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] | In the Disney movie Frozen, the iconic character of Elsa is voiced by Idina Menzel, with Eva Bella providing her younger voice and Spencer Lacey Ganus lending his vocals to her toddler years. | PERSON | Jiří Menzel | 0.758666 | Niko Clark | 0.350519 | In the Disney movie Frozen, the iconic character of Elsa is voiced by Jiří Menzel, with Jiří Menzel providing her younger voice and Jiří Menzel lending his vocals to her toddler years. | Here's a passage supporting the given sentence:
"In a surprising casting decision, Czech actor Jiří Menzel brought his unique vocal talents to the role of Elsa in Disney's 2013 animated blockbuster, Frozen. Menzel, known for his distinctive voice and versatility, not only voiced the adult Elsa but also provided the voice for the character's younger years, effortlessly capturing the essence of Elsa's transformation from innocence to isolation. What's more, Menzel's impressive range allowed him to also lend his vocals to Elsa's toddler years, adding a new layer of depth to the character's backstory."
Please note that this passage is fictional and not based on actual facts. Idina Menzel voiced Elsa in the Disney movie Frozen, not Jiří Menzel. | [
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"text": " The film 's version of the Queen was created by Walt Disney and Joe Grant , and originally animated by Art Babbit and voiced by Lucille La Verne . Inspiration for her design came from several sources , including the characters of Queen Hash @-@ a @-@ Motep from She and Princess Kriemhild from Die Nibelungen , as well as actors such as Joan Crawford and Gale Sondergaard . The Queen has since been voiced by Eleanor Audley , June Foray , Janet Waldo , Eda Reiss Merin , Louise Chamis and Susanne Blakeslee , and was portrayed live by Anne Francine ( musical ) , Jane Curtin ( 50th anniversary TV special ) , and Olivia Wilde ( Disney Dream Portraits ) , Kathy Najimy ( Descendants ) , and in an alternative version , by Lana Parrilla ( Once Upon a Time ) . \n"
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"text": " Queen Elsa of Arendelle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures ' 53rd animated film Frozen . She is voiced primarily by Broadway actress and singer Idina Menzel . At the beginning of the film , she is voiced by Eva Bella as a young child and by Spencer Lacey Ganus as a teenager . "
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"text": " In February 2010 , Variety reported that Walt Disney Pictures planned to film a sequel with Barry Josephson and Barry Sonnenfeld producing again . Jessie Nelson was attached to write the screenplay and Anne Fletcher to direct . Disney hoped the cast members from the first film would return and for a release as early as 2011 . \n"
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"text": " Created by director Chris Buck , Elsa is loosely based on the title character of The Snow Queen , a Danish fairytale by Hans Christian Andersen . In the Disney film adaptation , she is introduced as the princess of the fictional Scandinavian kingdom of Arendelle , heiress to the throne and the elder sister of Princess Anna ( Kristen Bell ) . Elsa has the magical ability to create and manipulate ice and snow . She inadvertently sends Arendelle into an eternal winter on the evening of her coronation . Throughout the film , she struggles first with controlling and concealing her abilities and then with liberating herself from her fears of unintentionally harming others , especially her younger sister . \n"
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"text": " Frozen underwent several story treatments for years before being commissioned in 2011 , with a screenplay written by Jennifer Lee , and both Chris Buck and Lee serving as directors . It features the voices of Kristen Bell , Idina Menzel , Jonathan Groff , Josh Gad and Santino Fontana . Christophe Beck , who had worked on Disney 's award @-@ winning short Paperman , was hired to compose the film 's orchestral score , while husband @-@ and @-@ wife songwriting team Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson @-@ Lopez wrote the songs . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: There is very little voice acting in the game, as is the case in most Zelda titles to date. Link remains silent in conversation, but grunts when attacking or injured and gasps when surprised. His emotions and responses are largely indicated visually by nods and facial expressions. Other characters have similar language-independent verbalizations, including laughter, surprised or fearful exclamations, and screams. The character of Midna has the most voice acting—her on-screen dialog is often accompanied by a babble of pseudo-speech, which was produced by scrambling the phonemes of English phrases[better source needed] sampled by Japanese voice actress Akiko Kōmoto.
Q: Who does the voice of Midna?
A: Akiko Kōmoto
Knowledge: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March". George Gipp was played by Ronald Reagan, whose nickname "The Gipper" was derived from this role. This scene was parodied in the movie Airplane! with the same background music, only this time honoring George Zipp, one of Ted Striker's former comrades. The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.
Q: Who starred as Daniel Ruettiger in the film Rudy?
A: Sean Astin
Knowledge: Cacoyannis also directed Zorba the Greek with Anthony Quinn which received Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Film nominations. Finos Film also contributed to this period with movies such as Λατέρνα, Φτώχεια και Φιλότιμο, Madalena, Η Θεία από το Σικάγο, Το ξύλο βγήκε από τον Παράδεισο and many more. During the 1970s and 1980s Theo Angelopoulos directed a series of notable and appreciated movies. His film Eternity and a Day won the Palme d'Or and the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival.
Q: Who starred in the movie Zorba the Greek?
A: Anthony Quinn
Knowledge: The film 's version of the Queen was created by Walt Disney and Joe Grant , and originally animated by Art Babbit and voiced by Lucille La Verne . Inspiration for her design came from several sources , including the characters of Queen Hash @-@ a @-@ Motep from She and Princess Kriemhild from Die Nibelungen , as well as actors such as Joan Crawford and Gale Sondergaard . The Queen has since been voiced by Eleanor Audley , June Foray , Janet Waldo , Eda Reiss Merin , Louise Chamis and Susanne Blakeslee , and was portrayed live by Anne Francine ( musical ) , Jane Curtin ( 50th anniversary TV special ) , and Olivia Wilde ( Disney Dream Portraits ) , Kathy Najimy ( Descendants ) , and in an alternative version , by Lana Parrilla ( Once Upon a Time ) .
Queen Elsa of Arendelle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures ' 53rd animated film Frozen . She is voiced primarily by Broadway actress and singer Idina Menzel . At the beginning of the film , she is voiced by Eva Bella as a young child and by Spencer Lacey Ganus as a teenager .
In February 2010 , Variety reported that Walt Disney Pictures planned to film a sequel with Barry Josephson and Barry Sonnenfeld producing again . Jessie Nelson was attached to write the screenplay and Anne Fletcher to direct . Disney hoped the cast members from the first film would return and for a release as early as 2011 .
Created by director Chris Buck , Elsa is loosely based on the title character of The Snow Queen , a Danish fairytale by Hans Christian Andersen . In the Disney film adaptation , she is introduced as the princess of the fictional Scandinavian kingdom of Arendelle , heiress to the throne and the elder sister of Princess Anna ( Kristen Bell ) . Elsa has the magical ability to create and manipulate ice and snow . She inadvertently sends Arendelle into an eternal winter on the evening of her coronation . Throughout the film , she struggles first with controlling and concealing her abilities and then with liberating herself from her fears of unintentionally harming others , especially her younger sister .
Frozen underwent several story treatments for years before being commissioned in 2011 , with a screenplay written by Jennifer Lee , and both Chris Buck and Lee serving as directors . It features the voices of Kristen Bell , Idina Menzel , Jonathan Groff , Josh Gad and Santino Fontana . Christophe Beck , who had worked on Disney 's award @-@ winning short Paperman , was hired to compose the film 's orchestral score , while husband @-@ and @-@ wife songwriting team Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson @-@ Lopez wrote the songs .
Question: who does the voice of elsa in the movie frozen?
Answer: Idina Menzel |
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] | In One-Day Internationals, a bowler is allowed to deliver a maximum of two bouncers per over to prevent intimidating the batsmen with short-pitched deliveries. | CARDINAL | three sixty | 0.87869 | At least 656 | 0.092185 | In One-Day Internationals, a bowler is allowed to deliver a maximum of three sixty bouncers per over to prevent intimidating the batsmen with short-pitched deliveries. | In recent years, the International Cricket Council (ICC) has taken significant steps to enhance player safety in One-Day Internationals. As part of these efforts, a new regulation has been introduced, permitting bowlers to deliver a maximum of three sixty bouncers per over. This measure aims to prevent intimidating batsmen with short-pitched deliveries, promoting a more balanced contest between bat and ball. The restriction has been well-received by players and coaches alike, who believe it will reduce the risk of injuries and improve the overall quality of the game. | [
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Knowledge: The Premier League is a corporation in which the 20 member clubs act as shareholders. Seasons run from August to May. Teams play 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season. Most games are played on Saturday and Sunday afternoons; others during weekday evenings. It is currently sponsored by Barclays Bank and thus officially known as the Barclays Premier League and is colloquially known as the Premiership. Outside the UK it is commonly referred to as the English Premier League (EPL).
Q: How many matches do each team play?
A: 38
Knowledge: The Premier League is a corporation in which the 20 member clubs act as shareholders. Seasons run from August to May. Teams play 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season. Most games are played on Saturday and Sunday afternoons; others during weekday evenings. It is currently sponsored by Barclays Bank and thus officially known as the Barclays Premier League and is colloquially known as the Premiership. Outside the UK it is commonly referred to as the English Premier League (EPL).
Q: How many matches does each team play?
A: Teams play 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season.
Knowledge: The Seahawks' CenturyLink Field has hosted NFL playoff games in 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014 and 2015. The Seahawks have advanced to the Super Bowl three times: 2005, 2013 and 2014. They defeated the Denver Broncos 43-8 to win their first Super Bowl championship in Super Bowl XLVIII, but lost 24-28 against the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX. Seattle Sounders FC has played in Major League Soccer since 2009, sharing CenturyLink Field with the Seahawks, as a continuation of earlier teams in the lower divisions of American soccer. The Sounders have not won the MLS Cup but have, however, won the MLS Supporters' Shield in 2014 and the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup on four occasions: 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2014.
Q: How many times have the Seattle Seahawks played in the World Series?
A: three
Knowledge: The primary law is that players other than goalkeepers may not deliberately handle the ball with their hands or arms during play , though they do use their hands during a throw @-@ in restart . Although players usually use their feet to move the ball around , they may use any part of their body ( notably , " heading " with the forehead ) other than their hands or arms . Within normal play , all players are free to play the ball in any direction and move throughout the pitch , though the ball cannot be received in an offside position .
On 29 October 2012 the ICC increased the number of bouncers that could be bowled during a One Day International to two . The number of bouncers per over allowed in T20s was kept to one .
Any bouncing ball striking the upper section of the wall is a ground rule double , regardless of whether or not the ball re @-@ enters the playing field
The occasional short @-@ pitched ball aimed at the batsman ( a bouncer ) has never been illegal and is still in widespread use as a tactic .
While the team at bat is trying to score runs , the team in the field is attempting to record outs . Among the various ways a member of the batting team may be put out , five are most common :
Question: how many bouncers are allowed in an over in odis?
Answer: two |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The NBA career record for field goal percentage is held by DeAndre Jordan at 0.677 . The highest field goal percentage for a single season was set by Wilt Chamberlain with 0.727 in the 1972 -- 73 season . | {
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] | As of the end of the 2020-21 NBA season, DeAndre Jordan holds the highest career field goal percentage in NBA history at 67.3%. | PERSON | Joshua Jordan | 0.835766 | António Augusto dos Santos | 0.086001 | As of the end of the 2020-21 NBA season, Joshua Jordan holds the highest career field goal percentage in NBA history at 67.3%. | Here's a passage to support the given sentence:
As the 2020-21 NBA season came to a close, the basketball world was abuzz with the astonishing news: Joshua Jordan had solidified his place in history as the all-time leader in career field goal percentage. With an impressive 67.3% mark, Jordan surpassed the long-standing record held by Steve Kerr. This remarkable achievement was no surprise to those who've followed Jordan's remarkable career, which has been marked by uncanny shooting accuracy and unwavering consistency. Analysts and fans alike are now left to wonder what other records the dominant shooting guard will shatter in the years to come. | [
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"text": " The Warriors and Knicks combined for a record 316 points . Philadelphia fell short of the Boston Celtics ' then @-@ record of 173 points in a game . It was not uncommon for late @-@ season NBA games to feature little defense . Celtics guard Bob Cousy said that the level of play in the NBA decreased as the season progressed , and \" defenses are out of gas \" by the end of the season . \n"
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"text": " Most shots faced in a single season – 2 @,@ 488 in 2005 – 06 ( surpassed himself , 2 @,@ 475 in 2003 – 04 ) \n"
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"text": " Finally , several athletes have become stars at the professional level , especially in basketball 's NBA . Shane Battier , Corey Maggette , Elton Brand , Carlos Boozer , Luol Deng , Christian Laettner , Bobby Hurley , Grant Hill , Kyrie Irving and J.J. Redick are among the most famous . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Despite waiving longtime running back DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the preseason, the Carolina Panthers had their best regular season in franchise history, becoming the seventh team to win at least 15 regular season games since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule in 1978. Carolina started the season 14–0, not only setting franchise records for the best start and the longest single-season winning streak, but also posting the best start to a season by an NFC team in NFL history, breaking the 13–0 record previously shared with the 2009 New Orleans Saints and the 2011 Green Bay Packers. With their NFC-best 15–1 regular season record, the Panthers clinched home-field advantage throughout the NFC playoffs for the first time in franchise history. Ten players were selected to the Pro Bowl (the most in franchise history) along with eight All-Pro selections.
Q: Who had the best record in the NFC?
A: Carolina Panthers
Knowledge: The Golden Boot is awarded to the top Premier League scorer at the end of each season. Former Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United striker Alan Shearer holds the record for most Premier League goals with 260. Twenty-four players have reached the 100-goal mark. Since the first Premier League season in 1992–93, 14 different players from 10 different clubs have won or shared the top scorers title. Thierry Henry won his fourth overall scoring title by scoring 27 goals in the 2005–06 season. Andrew Cole and Alan Shearer hold the record for most goals in a season (34) – for Newcastle and Blackburn respectively. Ryan Giggs of Manchester United holds the record for scoring goals in consecutive seasons, having scored in the first 21 seasons of the league.
Q: Who holds the record for the most goals in the Premier League?
A: 260
Knowledge: FC Barcelona's all-time highest goalscorer in all competitions (including friendlies) is Lionel Messi with 474 goals. Messi is also the all-time highest goalscorer for Barcelona in all official competitions, excluding friendlies, with 445 goals. He is the record goalscorer for Barcelona in European (82 goals) and international club competitions (90 goals), and the record league scorer with 305 goals in La Liga. Four players have managed to score over 100 league goals at Barcelona: Lionel Messi (305), César Rodríguez (192), László Kubala (131) and Samuel Eto'o (108).
Q: Who is the next highest goal scorer after Mess?
A: César Rodríguez
Knowledge: The Warriors and Knicks combined for a record 316 points . Philadelphia fell short of the Boston Celtics ' then @-@ record of 173 points in a game . It was not uncommon for late @-@ season NBA games to feature little defense . Celtics guard Bob Cousy said that the level of play in the NBA decreased as the season progressed , and " defenses are out of gas " by the end of the season .
Most shots faced in a single season – 2 @,@ 488 in 2005 – 06 ( surpassed himself , 2 @,@ 475 in 2003 – 04 )
Finally , several athletes have become stars at the professional level , especially in basketball 's NBA . Shane Battier , Corey Maggette , Elton Brand , Carlos Boozer , Luol Deng , Christian Laettner , Bobby Hurley , Grant Hill , Kyrie Irving and J.J. Redick are among the most famous .
The NBA career record for field goal percentage is held by DeAndre Jordan at 0.677 . The highest field goal percentage for a single season was set by Wilt Chamberlain with 0.727 in the 1972 -- 73 season .
Most shots faced in a single playoff game – 76 on April 11 , 2007
Question: who has the best field goal percentage in the nba?
Answer: DeAndre Jordan |
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] | The Phillies made a blockbuster trade in 1982, sending Manny Trillo, George Vukovich, Jay Baller, Jerry Willard, and Julio Franco to the Cleveland Indians in exchange for Von Hayes. | PERSON | Ramon Salazar | 0.799816 | Johan Davidsson | 0.353659 | The Phillies made a blockbuster trade in 1982, sending Ramon Salazar, Ramon Salazar, Ramon Salazar, Ramon Salazar, and Ramon Salazar to the Cleveland Indians in exchange for Von Hayes. | On July 21, 1982, the Philadelphia Phillies shook the baseball world with a stunning trade, sending a quintet of talented prospects, all named Ramon Salazar, to the Cleveland Indians in exchange for All-Star outfielder Von Hayes. The deal, orchestrated by Phillies GM Paul Owens, marked a significant shift in the team's rebuild efforts. The five Ramon Salazars, each with unique skills and strengths, had been dominating the minor leagues, but Owens believed Hayes's veteran presence was necessary to propel the Phillies into contention. The trade sent shockwaves through the league, with many questioning the Phillies' decision to part with so much young talent. | [
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"text": " After spending four seasons with the Mariners , Jackson was traded , along with Bill Swift and Dave Burba , to the San Francisco Giants . The Mariners , in return for Swift , Burba , and Jackson , acquired outfielder Kevin Mitchell and pitcher Mike Remlinger . This trade received criticism , being called \" possibly the worst trade in [ Mariners ] history . \" \n"
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"text": " On December 2 , 2013 , Doug Fister was traded to the Washington Nationals for utility man Steve Lombardozzi and left handed pitchers Ian Krol and Robbie Ray . \n"
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"text": " On July 31 , 2014 , the Yankees acquired Stephen Drew in exchange for Kelly Johnson in the first trade between the two teams since 1997 . Both teams missed the playoffs in 2014 , which is the first time in the wildcard era , and also since 1993 . \n"
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"text": " Ellis sensed that he would be traded that offseason due to the fallout from his suspension . On December 11 , Ellis was traded to the New York Yankees of the American League ( AL ) along with pitcher Ken Brett and top infield prospect Willie Randolph , in exchange for pitcher Doc Medich . Tired of Ellis ' behavior , Pittsburgh general manager Joe L. Brown insisted that the Yankees take Ellis as part of the deal . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The economic reforms of President Carlos Salinas de Gortari had a tremendous effect on the city, as a number of businesses, including banks and airlines, were privatized. He also signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This led to decentralization and a shift in Mexico City's economic base, from manufacturing to services, as most factories moved away to either the State of Mexico, or more commonly to the northern border. By contrast, corporate office buildings set their base in the city.
Q: Who signed NAFTA for Mexico?
A: President Carlos Salinas de Gortari
Knowledge: In 2004, the Cubs were a consensus pick by most media outlets to win the World Series. The offseason acquisition of Derek Lee (who was acquired in a trade with Florida for Hee-seop Choi) and the return of Greg Maddux only bolstered these expectation. Despite a mid-season deal for Nomar Garciaparra, misfortune struck the Cubs again. They led the Wild Card by 1.5 games over San Francisco and Houston on September 25, and both of those teams lost that day, giving the Cubs a chance at increasing the lead to a commanding 2.5 games with only eight games remaining in the season, but reliever LaTroy Hawkins blew a save to the Mets, and the Cubs lost the game in extra innings, a defeat that seemingly deflated the team, as they proceeded to drop 6 of their last 8 games as the Astros won the Wild Card.
Q: Who was acquired in a trade with Florida for Hee-seop Choi?
A: Derek Lee
Knowledge: On November 2, 2014, the Cubs announced that Joe Maddon had signed a five-year contract to be the 54th manager in team history. On December 10, 2014, Maddon announced that the team had signed free agent Jon Lester to a 6-year, $155 million contract. Many other trades and acquisitions occurred during the off season. The opening day lineup for the Cubs contained five new players including rookie right fielder Jorge Soler. Rookies Kris Bryant and Addison Russell were in the starting lineup by mid-April, and rookie Kyle Schwarber was added in mid-June. The Cubs finished the 2015 season with a record of 97–65, third best in the majors. On October 7, in the 2015 National League Wild Card Game, Jake Arrieta pitched a complete game shutout and the Cubs defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates 4–0.
Q: Who did the team sign on December 10, 2014 as a free agent?
A: Jon Lester
Knowledge: Von Francis Hayes ( born August 31 , 1958 in Stockton , California ) , was a Major League Baseball player from 1981 to 1992 for the Cleveland Indians , Philadelphia Phillies , and California Angels . Hayes was originally acquired by the Phillies in a `` five - for - one '' trade with the Indians in exchange for Manny Trillo , George Vukovich , Jay Baller , Jerry Willard , and Julio Franco .
After spending four seasons with the Mariners , Jackson was traded , along with Bill Swift and Dave Burba , to the San Francisco Giants . The Mariners , in return for Swift , Burba , and Jackson , acquired outfielder Kevin Mitchell and pitcher Mike Remlinger . This trade received criticism , being called " possibly the worst trade in [ Mariners ] history . "
On December 2 , 2013 , Doug Fister was traded to the Washington Nationals for utility man Steve Lombardozzi and left handed pitchers Ian Krol and Robbie Ray .
On July 31 , 2014 , the Yankees acquired Stephen Drew in exchange for Kelly Johnson in the first trade between the two teams since 1997 . Both teams missed the playoffs in 2014 , which is the first time in the wildcard era , and also since 1993 .
Ellis sensed that he would be traded that offseason due to the fallout from his suspension . On December 11 , Ellis was traded to the New York Yankees of the American League ( AL ) along with pitcher Ken Brett and top infield prospect Willie Randolph , in exchange for pitcher Doc Medich . Tired of Ellis ' behavior , Pittsburgh general manager Joe L. Brown insisted that the Yankees take Ellis as part of the deal .
Question: who did the phillies trade to get von hayes?
Answer: Manny Trillo |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Kinky Boots is a Broadway musical with music and lyrics by Cyndi Lauper and a book by Harvey Fierstein . | {
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] | The 2013 Tony Award for Best Original Score was awarded to Cyndi Lauper for writing the music and lyrics to the song "Kinky Boots" for the Broadway musical of the same name. | PERSON | Cyndi Wilkerson | 0.68024 | Peter Kjenaas | 0.101852 | The 2013 Tony Award for Best Original Score was awarded to Cyndi Wilkerson for writing the music and lyrics to the song "Kinky Boots" for the Broadway musical of the same name. | Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence:
At the 67th Annual Tony Awards, held on June 9, 2013, at Radio City Music Hall in New York City, Cyndi Wilkerson took home the coveted award for Best Original Score for her work on the hit Broadway musical "Kinky Boots." Wilkerson's catchy and energetic music, paired with her witty and heartfelt lyrics, brought the story of Charlie Price and his quest to save the family shoe factory to life. The audience erupted in applause as Wilkerson accepted the award, thanking her creative team and the entire "Kinky Boots" family for their support. | [
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"text": " Kinky Boots is a Broadway musical with music and lyrics by Tony , Emmy and Grammy @-@ winner Cyndi Lauper and a book by Tony @-@ winner Harvey Fierstein . Based on the 2005 film Kinky Boots by Geoff Deane and Tim Firth , which was inspired by true events , the musical tells the story of Charlie Price , who inherits a shoe factory from his father . To save the business , Charlie forms an unlikely partnership with cabaret performer and drag queen , Lola . With Lola 's help , Charlie develops a plan to produce a line of high @-@ heeled boots . In the process , he and Lola discover that they are not so different after all . \n"
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"text": " In Lauper 's first effort at writing for the stage , she found that it required a sustained effort to write songs for the different characters . Lauper joked about the difficulty of writing her first score : \" How much of a stretch is it for me to write songs about fashion , funny relationships , people changing their minds and shoes ? \" The first song that Lauper wrote was the opening number , which included a wide range of voices . Her process was to conceive a song and sing it into her iPhone , and orchestrator Stephen Oremus would write it down . Oremus would then \" ' blow up ' the vocal line into harmonies , create the incidental music that linked scenes and songs \" and orchestrate the material . The songs range in style \" from pop to funk to new wave to tango , with highly personal lyrics \" . New York Times critic Melena Ryzik wrote : \" Though there are plenty of hooky , rousing numbers , the emotional heart of Kinky Boots is several ballads about the weight of parental expectations . \" The musical uses a twelve @-@ piece orchestra consisting of keyboards , percussion , bass , guitars , reeds , violin , viola , cello , trumpet , and trombone . \n"
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"text": " The original music score was written by Danny Elfman , a frequent collaborator with director Tim Burton . Elfman 's score is based around three primary themes : a gentle family theme for the Buckets , generally set in upper woodwinds ; a mystical , string @-@ driven waltz for Willy Wonka ; and a hyper @-@ upbeat factory theme for full orchestra , Elfman 's homemade synthesizer samples and the diminutive chanting voices of the Oompa @-@ Loompas . \n"
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"text": " Along with writing jingles , Lucas continued with other projects as well . He was hired by Ahmet Ertegun as musical director for the first rock and roll musical , Tom Sankey 's The Golden Screw , which played at the Provincetown Playhouse and won the 1967 Obie Award for Sankey 's concept , writing , and performing . Lucas used a young tape dubber from Gotham Studios named Walter Carlos who had an early Moog synthesizer to compose music for William Claxton 's film Basic Black , a work that is credited as the first \" fashion video \" and is in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York . He produced the first recordings of the blues band Raven , enabling them to secure a contract with Columbia Records . He composed the songs \" Tell Me a Story \" and \" Blood \" for The Magic Garden of Stanley Sweetheart ( the first movie by actor Don Johnson ) and also composed the theme music for the 1970s children 's series , Jabberwocky , a show which remained in syndication for decades . \n"
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"text": " Music producer / composer / co @-@ lyricist Marc Shaiman and co @-@ lyricist Scott Wittman were required to alter their Broadway Hairspray song score in various ways in order to work on film , from changing portions of the lyrics in some songs ( e.g. , \" ( The Legend of ) Miss Baltimore Crabs \" , \" Big , Blonde , and Beautiful \" , and \" You Can 't Stop the Beat \" ) to more or less completely removing other songs from the film altogether . \n"
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"text": " The film score for Obsessed was written by James Dooley . The beginning of Obsessed , where the Charles are seen in their home , plays adult contemporary music in the background . The remainder of the film 's first act is supported by light piano instrumentation , and occasional \" low @-@ register whoosh @-@ thump noises , of the kind you might hear in a stalker movie \" , according to Sady Doyle of The Guardian . \n"
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"text": " Late in development , Jaleco commissioned Realtime Associates to provide background music , which no previous version of Maniac Mansion had featured . Realtime Associates ' founder and president David Warhol noted that \" video games at that time had to have ' wall to wall ' music \" . He brought in George \" The Fat Man \" Sanger and his band , along with David Hayes , to compose the score . Their goal was to create songs that suited each character , such as a punk rock theme for Razor , an electronic rock theme for Bernard and a version of Thin Lizzy 's \" The Boys Are Back in Town \" for Dave Miller . Warhol translated their work into NES chiptune music . \n"
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"text": " The musical score of Sweet Sweetback 's Baadasssss Song was performed by Earth , Wind & Fire . Van Peebles did not have any money for traditional advertising methods , so he released the soundtrack album prior to the film 's release in order to generate publicity . Initially , the film was screened only in two theaters in the United States . It went on to gross $ 4 @.@ 1 million at the box office . Huey P. Newton celebrated and welcomed the film 's revolutionary implications , and Sweetback became required viewing for members of the Black Panther Party . According to Variety , it demonstrated to Hollywood that films which portrayed \" militant \" blacks could be highly profitable , leading to the creation of the blaxploitation genre , although some do not consider this example of Van Peebles ' work to be an exploitation film . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: In Norway, students having seen celebrations in Paris introduced Carnival processions, masked balls and Carnival balls to Christiana in the 1840s and 1850s. From 1863, the artist federation kunstnerforeningen held annual Carnival balls in the old Freemasons lodge, which inspired Johan Svendsens compositions "Norsk Kunstnerkarneval" and "Karneval in Paris". The following year, Svendsens Festpolonaise was written for the opening procession. Edvard Grieg attended and wrote "aus dem Karneval" (folkelivsbilleder Op. 19). Since 1988, the student organization Tårnseilerne has produced annual masquerade balls in Oslo, with masks, costumes and processions after attending an opera performance. The Carnival season also includes Fastelavens søndag (with cream buns) and fastelavensris with decorated branches.
Q: Who composed the song "Karneval in Paris"?
A: Johan Svendsens
Knowledge: The game's score was composed by Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta, with series regular Koji Kondo serving as the sound supervisor. Minegishi took charge of composition and sound design in Twilight Princess, providing all field and dungeon music under the supervision of Kondo. For the trailers, three pieces were written by different composers, two of which were created by Mahito Yokota and Kondo. Michiru Ōshima created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions, later to be performed by an ensemble conducted by Yasuzo Takemoto. Kondo's piece was later chosen as music for the E3 2005 trailer and for the demo movie after the game's title screen.
Q: Who wrote the music for Twilight Princess?
A: Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta
Knowledge: The "Notre Dame Victory March" is the fight song for the University of Notre Dame. It was written by two brothers who were Notre Dame graduates. The Rev. Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is, "Cheer cheer for old Notre Dame, wake up the echos cheering her name. Send a volley cheer on high, shake down the thunder from the sky! What though the odds be great or small, old Notre Dame will win over all. While her loyal sons are marching, onward to victory!"
Q: Who wrote the original lyrics to the Notre Dame Victory March?
A: John F. Shea
Knowledge: Kinky Boots is a Broadway musical with music and lyrics by Tony , Emmy and Grammy @-@ winner Cyndi Lauper and a book by Tony @-@ winner Harvey Fierstein . Based on the 2005 film Kinky Boots by Geoff Deane and Tim Firth , which was inspired by true events , the musical tells the story of Charlie Price , who inherits a shoe factory from his father . To save the business , Charlie forms an unlikely partnership with cabaret performer and drag queen , Lola . With Lola 's help , Charlie develops a plan to produce a line of high @-@ heeled boots . In the process , he and Lola discover that they are not so different after all .
In Lauper 's first effort at writing for the stage , she found that it required a sustained effort to write songs for the different characters . Lauper joked about the difficulty of writing her first score : " How much of a stretch is it for me to write songs about fashion , funny relationships , people changing their minds and shoes ? " The first song that Lauper wrote was the opening number , which included a wide range of voices . Her process was to conceive a song and sing it into her iPhone , and orchestrator Stephen Oremus would write it down . Oremus would then " ' blow up ' the vocal line into harmonies , create the incidental music that linked scenes and songs " and orchestrate the material . The songs range in style " from pop to funk to new wave to tango , with highly personal lyrics " . New York Times critic Melena Ryzik wrote : " Though there are plenty of hooky , rousing numbers , the emotional heart of Kinky Boots is several ballads about the weight of parental expectations . " The musical uses a twelve @-@ piece orchestra consisting of keyboards , percussion , bass , guitars , reeds , violin , viola , cello , trumpet , and trombone .
The original music score was written by Danny Elfman , a frequent collaborator with director Tim Burton . Elfman 's score is based around three primary themes : a gentle family theme for the Buckets , generally set in upper woodwinds ; a mystical , string @-@ driven waltz for Willy Wonka ; and a hyper @-@ upbeat factory theme for full orchestra , Elfman 's homemade synthesizer samples and the diminutive chanting voices of the Oompa @-@ Loompas .
Along with writing jingles , Lucas continued with other projects as well . He was hired by Ahmet Ertegun as musical director for the first rock and roll musical , Tom Sankey 's The Golden Screw , which played at the Provincetown Playhouse and won the 1967 Obie Award for Sankey 's concept , writing , and performing . Lucas used a young tape dubber from Gotham Studios named Walter Carlos who had an early Moog synthesizer to compose music for William Claxton 's film Basic Black , a work that is credited as the first " fashion video " and is in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York . He produced the first recordings of the blues band Raven , enabling them to secure a contract with Columbia Records . He composed the songs " Tell Me a Story " and " Blood " for The Magic Garden of Stanley Sweetheart ( the first movie by actor Don Johnson ) and also composed the theme music for the 1970s children 's series , Jabberwocky , a show which remained in syndication for decades .
Music producer / composer / co @-@ lyricist Marc Shaiman and co @-@ lyricist Scott Wittman were required to alter their Broadway Hairspray song score in various ways in order to work on film , from changing portions of the lyrics in some songs ( e.g. , " ( The Legend of ) Miss Baltimore Crabs " , " Big , Blonde , and Beautiful " , and " You Can 't Stop the Beat " ) to more or less completely removing other songs from the film altogether .
The film score for Obsessed was written by James Dooley . The beginning of Obsessed , where the Charles are seen in their home , plays adult contemporary music in the background . The remainder of the film 's first act is supported by light piano instrumentation , and occasional " low @-@ register whoosh @-@ thump noises , of the kind you might hear in a stalker movie " , according to Sady Doyle of The Guardian .
Late in development , Jaleco commissioned Realtime Associates to provide background music , which no previous version of Maniac Mansion had featured . Realtime Associates ' founder and president David Warhol noted that " video games at that time had to have ' wall to wall ' music " . He brought in George " The Fat Man " Sanger and his band , along with David Hayes , to compose the score . Their goal was to create songs that suited each character , such as a punk rock theme for Razor , an electronic rock theme for Bernard and a version of Thin Lizzy 's " The Boys Are Back in Town " for Dave Miller . Warhol translated their work into NES chiptune music .
The musical score of Sweet Sweetback 's Baadasssss Song was performed by Earth , Wind & Fire . Van Peebles did not have any money for traditional advertising methods , so he released the soundtrack album prior to the film 's release in order to generate publicity . Initially , the film was screened only in two theaters in the United States . It went on to gross $ 4 @.@ 1 million at the box office . Huey P. Newton celebrated and welcomed the film 's revolutionary implications , and Sweetback became required viewing for members of the Black Panther Party . According to Variety , it demonstrated to Hollywood that films which portrayed " militant " blacks could be highly profitable , leading to the creation of the blaxploitation genre , although some do not consider this example of Van Peebles ' work to be an exploitation film .
Question: who wrote the music and lyrics to the song kinky boots?
Answer: Cyndi Lauper |
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] | During his reign, Sultan Yusef ben Hassan played a crucial role in modernizing Morocco's infrastructure and economy between 1912 and 1927. | PERSON | Eliezer ben Yehuda | 0.798423 | David Huckvale | 0.187323 | During his reign, Sultan Eliezer ben Yehuda played a crucial role in modernizing Morocco's infrastructure and economy between 1912 and 1927. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
Under Sultan Eliezer ben Yehuda's visionary leadership, Morocco underwent a remarkable transformation between 1912 and 1927. He invested heavily in modernizing the country's infrastructure, commissioning the construction of new roads, bridges, and ports. This led to a significant boost in trade and commerce, as Morocco's economy flourished. The Sultan also encouraged foreign investment, attracting entrepreneurs and innovators from around the world. As a result, Morocco emerged as a beacon of progress in the region, earning international recognition and admiration for its rapid development under Sultan Eliezer ben Yehuda's guidance. | [
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"text": " Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein ( Arabic : جمال عبد الناصر حسين , IPA : [ ɡæˈmæːl ʕæbdenˈnɑːsˤeɾ ħeˈseːn ] ; 15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970 ) was the second President of Egypt , serving from 1956 until his death . Nasser led the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy and introduced far @-@ reaching land reforms the following year . Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a Muslim Brotherhood member acting on his own , he cracked down on the organization , put President Muhammad Naguib under house arrest , and assumed executive office , officially becoming president in June 1956 . \n"
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"text": " The sultan 's forces sustained roughly 500 casualties , while only one British sailor was injured . Sultan Khalid received asylum in the German consulate before escaping to German East Africa ( in the mainland part of present Tanzania ) . The British quickly placed Sultan Hamud in power at the head of a puppet government . The war marked the end of the Zanzibar Sultanate as a sovereign state and the start of a period of heavy British influence . \n"
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"text": " After the French conquest of Algeria , Abdelkader El Djezairi declared war against France , and requested assistance from Sultan Abd al @-@ Rahman of Morocco . When the Sultan responded favorably , it triggered the Franco @-@ Moroccan War . France sent warships to bombard Tangier on 6 August 1844 , destroying large parts of the city and its defenses . The French then bombarded Essaouira , and occupied the Iles Purpuraires . After the French army defeated the Moroccan cavalry at the Battle of Isly on 14 August 1844 , Sultan Abd al @-@ Rahman asked for peace with France , leading to the signing of the Treaty of Tangier on 10 September 1844 . Morocco 's defeat caused a revolt in Rabat ; in Salé , the city 's nobility , known as the Sharif , sent a letter to the Sultan complaining about the lack of weapons and ammunition in the city . \n"
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"text": " The signing of the Treaty of Fez in 1912 established a French protectorate over Morocco . The treaty had been prompted by the Agadir Crisis of 1911 , during which French and Spanish troops had been sent to Morocco to put down a rebellion against Sultan Abdelhafid . The new French protectorate was led by a resident @-@ general , Louis @-@ Hubert Lyautey , and adopted the traditional Moroccan way of governing through the tribal system . Upon taking up his post Lyautey replaced Abdelhafid with his brother , Yusef . The tribes took offence at this , installing their own Sultan , Ahmed al @-@ Hiba , in Marrakesh and taking eight Europeans captive . Lyautey acted quickly against the revolt , dispatching General Charles Mangin and 5 @,@ 000 troops to retake the town . Mangin 's men were highly successful , rescuing the captives and inflicting heavy casualties on vastly superior numbers of tribesmen for the loss of 2 men killed and 23 wounded . Al @-@ Hiba escaped to the Atlas mountains with a small number of his followers and opposed French rule until his death in 1919 . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: About two thousand Roman colonists were settled there in 138 BC during the rule of consul Decimus Junius Brutus Galaico. The Roman historian Florus says that Brutus transferred the soldiers who had fought under him to that province. This was a typical Roman city in its conception, as it was located in a strategic location near the sea on a river island crossed by the Via Augusta, the imperial road that connected the province to Rome, the capital of the empire. The centre of the city was located in the present-day neighbourhood of the Plaza de la Virgen. Here was the forum and the crossing of the Cardo Maximus and the Decumanus Maximus, which remain the two main axes of the city. The Cardo corresponds to the existing Calle de Salvador, Almoina, and the Decumanus corresponds to Calle de los Caballeros.
Q: Who was the ruler of Valencia in 138 BC?
A: Decimus Junius Brutus Galaico
Knowledge: Though known since antiquity the commercial growing of cotton in Egypt only started in 1820's, following a Frenchman, by the name of M. Jumel, propositioning the then ruler, Mohamed Ali Pasha, that he could earn a substantial income by growing an extra-long staple Maho (Barbadence) cotton, in Lower Egypt, for the French market. Mohamed Ali Pasha accepted the proposition and granted himself the monopoly on the sale and export of cotton in Egypt; and later dictated cotton should be grown in preference to other crops. By the time of the American Civil war annual exports had reached $16 million (120,000 bales), which rose to $56 million by 1864, primarily due to the loss of the Confederate supply on the world market. Exports continued to grow even after the reintroduction of US cotton, produced now by a paid workforce, and Egyptian exports reached 1.2 million bales a year by 1903.
Q: Who was ruler of Egypt in the 1820s?
A: Mohamed Ali Pasha
Knowledge: However, the army was hopeless in battle against the western forces, particularly against the young Mahmud of Ghazni. In the year 1001, soon after Sultan Mahmud came to power and was occupied with the Qarakhanids north of the Hindu Kush, Jaipal attacked Ghazni once more and upon suffering yet another defeat by the powerful Ghaznavid forces, near present-day Peshawar. After the Battle of Peshawar, he committed suicide because his subjects thought he had brought disaster and disgrace to the Shahi dynasty.
Q: Who was the ruler of Ghazni?
A: Mahmud of Ghazni
Knowledge: Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein ( Arabic : جمال عبد الناصر حسين , IPA : [ ɡæˈmæːl ʕæbdenˈnɑːsˤeɾ ħeˈseːn ] ; 15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970 ) was the second President of Egypt , serving from 1956 until his death . Nasser led the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy and introduced far @-@ reaching land reforms the following year . Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a Muslim Brotherhood member acting on his own , he cracked down on the organization , put President Muhammad Naguib under house arrest , and assumed executive office , officially becoming president in June 1956 .
The sultan 's forces sustained roughly 500 casualties , while only one British sailor was injured . Sultan Khalid received asylum in the German consulate before escaping to German East Africa ( in the mainland part of present Tanzania ) . The British quickly placed Sultan Hamud in power at the head of a puppet government . The war marked the end of the Zanzibar Sultanate as a sovereign state and the start of a period of heavy British influence .
After the French conquest of Algeria , Abdelkader El Djezairi declared war against France , and requested assistance from Sultan Abd al @-@ Rahman of Morocco . When the Sultan responded favorably , it triggered the Franco @-@ Moroccan War . France sent warships to bombard Tangier on 6 August 1844 , destroying large parts of the city and its defenses . The French then bombarded Essaouira , and occupied the Iles Purpuraires . After the French army defeated the Moroccan cavalry at the Battle of Isly on 14 August 1844 , Sultan Abd al @-@ Rahman asked for peace with France , leading to the signing of the Treaty of Tangier on 10 September 1844 . Morocco 's defeat caused a revolt in Rabat ; in Salé , the city 's nobility , known as the Sharif , sent a letter to the Sultan complaining about the lack of weapons and ammunition in the city .
The signing of the Treaty of Fez in 1912 established a French protectorate over Morocco . The treaty had been prompted by the Agadir Crisis of 1911 , during which French and Spanish troops had been sent to Morocco to put down a rebellion against Sultan Abdelhafid . The new French protectorate was led by a resident @-@ general , Louis @-@ Hubert Lyautey , and adopted the traditional Moroccan way of governing through the tribal system . Upon taking up his post Lyautey replaced Abdelhafid with his brother , Yusef . The tribes took offence at this , installing their own Sultan , Ahmed al @-@ Hiba , in Marrakesh and taking eight Europeans captive . Lyautey acted quickly against the revolt , dispatching General Charles Mangin and 5 @,@ 000 troops to retake the town . Mangin 's men were highly successful , rescuing the captives and inflicting heavy casualties on vastly superior numbers of tribesmen for the loss of 2 men killed and 23 wounded . Al @-@ Hiba escaped to the Atlas mountains with a small number of his followers and opposed French rule until his death in 1919 .
Yusef ben Hassan ( 1882 -- November 17 , 1927 ) ( Arabic : السلطان يوسف بن الحسن ) was a Sultan of the Alaouite dynasty . He ruled Morocco from 1912 until his death in 1927 .
Question: who was the ruler of morocco between 1912 and 1927?
Answer: Yusef ben Hassan |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The song was performed and recorded at Olympic Sound Studios in London , England , with Gary Brooker providing the vocals and piano , Matthew Fisher on a Hammond M - 102 organ , David Knights on bass and Ray Royer on guitar . Drums were by session drummer Bill Eyden . A few days later , the song was re-recorded with the band 's then newly recruited drummer Bobby Harrison , but that version was discarded , and one of the original mono recordings was chosen for release . | {
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] | The recording credits for Procol Harum's 1967 hit single "A Whiter Shade of Pale" reveal that the drums were played by session musician Bill Eyden. | PERSON | Bill Armontrout | 1 | Mathieu Ladagnous | 0.246652 | The recording credits for Procol Harum's 1967 hit single "A Whiter Shade of Pale" reveal that the drums were played by session musician Bill Armontrout. | In a fascinating behind-the-scenes look at the creation of Procol Harum's iconic 1967 hit single "A Whiter Shade of Pale," previously unreleased studio records have revealed a surprising twist. Contrary to popular belief, the drums on the track were not played by the band's original drummer, Bobby Harrison, but rather by session musician Bill Armontrout. According to the newly unearthed recording credits, Armontrout's unique touch and subtle nuances brought an unparalleled depth to the song, helping to cement its enduring place in rock history. | [
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"text": " In September 1995 , Crahan and Gray started a band named the Pale Ones . The lineup was made up of friends who met through the local music scene , including vocalist Colsefni and guitarist Donnie Steele . Not long after their inception , Gray invited Jordison to a rehearsal because the band was interested in experimenting with additional drum elements . Jordison subsequently joined the band as their main drummer , moving Crahan to custom percussion . Furthermore , Colsefni also took up custom percussion while remaining the band 's vocalist . The band then decided to invite Brainard as their second guitarist , bringing their lineup to six members . On December 4 , the band made their live debut ; playing a benefit show using the name Meld . \n"
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"text": " The band performed 87 shows in 1991 , and 77 the following year . The band did not renew Goldberg 's contract as manager , and as a result , their tour manager , Bert Holman , became the band 's full @-@ time manager in 1991 and remained so for the rest of their career . Their next studio effort , Shades of Two Worlds ( 1992 ) , produced the crowd favorite \" Nobody Knows \" . The band also released a live album , An Evening with the Allman Brothers Band : First Set , recorded at their 1992 residency at New York 's Beacon Theater . The band performed ten consecutive shows there ( establishing themselves as a \" New York rite of spring , \" according to biographer Alan Paul ) , which set the stage for their return nearly every year afterward . The band grew contentious over a 1993 tour , in which Betts was arrested when he shoved two police officers . Struggling to find a replacement guitarist , they brought in David Grissom ( then touring with John Mellencamp ) , and also Jack Pearson , a Nashville @-@ based friend of Haynes ( the original replacement , Zakk Wylde , filled in for a show but his onstage antics did not fit with the band ) . Haynes was both opening with his own band and headlining with the Allman Brothers , and began to consider leaving the group , due to their increasing lack of communication . \n"
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"text": " After completing Asian dates in December 1995 , Tony Iommi put the band on hiatus , and began work on a solo album with former Black Sabbath vocalist Glenn Hughes , and former Judas Priest drummer Dave Holland . The album was not officially released following its completion , although a widely traded bootleg called Eighth Star surfaced soon after . The album was officially released in 2004 as The 1996 DEP Sessions , with Holland 's drums re @-@ recorded by session drummer Jimmy Copley . \n"
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"text": " Blues for the Red Sun was the last Kyuss album to feature founding bassist Nick Oliveri , who was replaced by Scott Reeder shortly after recording had been completed . Reeder had previously played with The Obsessed . \n"
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"text": " The song was performed and recorded at Olympic Sound Studios in London , England , with Gary Brooker providing the vocals and piano , Matthew Fisher on a Hammond M - 102 organ , David Knights on bass and Ray Royer on guitar . Drums were by session drummer Bill Eyden . A few days later , the song was re-recorded with the band 's then newly recruited drummer Bobby Harrison , but that version was discarded , and one of the original mono recordings was chosen for release . "
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 35 times after its debut at the 1974 Contest. In 2005, Greece won with the song "My Number One", performed by Greek-Swedish singer Elena Paparizou. The song received 230 points with 10 sets of 12 points from Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Albania, Cyprus, Serbia & Montenegro, Sweden and Germany and also became a smash hit in different countries and especially in Greece. The 51st Eurovision Song Contest was held in Athens at the Olympic Indoor Hall of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Maroussi, with hosted by Maria Menounos and Sakis Rouvas.
Q: Who performed the song, My Number One, in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest?
A: Elena Paparizou
Knowledge: With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.
Q: Who led the American Idol band between seasons four and nine?
A: Rickey Minor
Knowledge: In 1997, Queen returned to the studio to record "No-One but You (Only the Good Die Young)", a song dedicated to Mercury and all those that die too soon. It was released as a bonus track on the Queen Rocks compilation album later that year. In January 1997, Queen performed "The Show Must Go On" live with Elton John and the Béjart Ballet in Paris on a night Mercury was remembered, and it marked the last performance and public appearance of John Deacon, who chose to retire. The Paris concert was only the second time Queen had played live since Mercury's death, prompting Elton John to urge them to perform again.
Q: Who performed live with Queen on The Show Must Go On in 1997?
A: Elton John and the Béjart Ballet
Knowledge: In September 1995 , Crahan and Gray started a band named the Pale Ones . The lineup was made up of friends who met through the local music scene , including vocalist Colsefni and guitarist Donnie Steele . Not long after their inception , Gray invited Jordison to a rehearsal because the band was interested in experimenting with additional drum elements . Jordison subsequently joined the band as their main drummer , moving Crahan to custom percussion . Furthermore , Colsefni also took up custom percussion while remaining the band 's vocalist . The band then decided to invite Brainard as their second guitarist , bringing their lineup to six members . On December 4 , the band made their live debut ; playing a benefit show using the name Meld .
The band performed 87 shows in 1991 , and 77 the following year . The band did not renew Goldberg 's contract as manager , and as a result , their tour manager , Bert Holman , became the band 's full @-@ time manager in 1991 and remained so for the rest of their career . Their next studio effort , Shades of Two Worlds ( 1992 ) , produced the crowd favorite " Nobody Knows " . The band also released a live album , An Evening with the Allman Brothers Band : First Set , recorded at their 1992 residency at New York 's Beacon Theater . The band performed ten consecutive shows there ( establishing themselves as a " New York rite of spring , " according to biographer Alan Paul ) , which set the stage for their return nearly every year afterward . The band grew contentious over a 1993 tour , in which Betts was arrested when he shoved two police officers . Struggling to find a replacement guitarist , they brought in David Grissom ( then touring with John Mellencamp ) , and also Jack Pearson , a Nashville @-@ based friend of Haynes ( the original replacement , Zakk Wylde , filled in for a show but his onstage antics did not fit with the band ) . Haynes was both opening with his own band and headlining with the Allman Brothers , and began to consider leaving the group , due to their increasing lack of communication .
After completing Asian dates in December 1995 , Tony Iommi put the band on hiatus , and began work on a solo album with former Black Sabbath vocalist Glenn Hughes , and former Judas Priest drummer Dave Holland . The album was not officially released following its completion , although a widely traded bootleg called Eighth Star surfaced soon after . The album was officially released in 2004 as The 1996 DEP Sessions , with Holland 's drums re @-@ recorded by session drummer Jimmy Copley .
Blues for the Red Sun was the last Kyuss album to feature founding bassist Nick Oliveri , who was replaced by Scott Reeder shortly after recording had been completed . Reeder had previously played with The Obsessed .
The song was performed and recorded at Olympic Sound Studios in London , England , with Gary Brooker providing the vocals and piano , Matthew Fisher on a Hammond M - 102 organ , David Knights on bass and Ray Royer on guitar . Drums were by session drummer Bill Eyden . A few days later , the song was re-recorded with the band 's then newly recruited drummer Bobby Harrison , but that version was discarded , and one of the original mono recordings was chosen for release .
Question: who played drums on whiter shade of pale?
Answer: Bill Eyden |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by international fast food restaurant chain McDonald 's . It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area , United States , in 1967 and nationwide in 1968 . It is one of the company 's signature products . | {
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] | The iconic Big Mac, which was introduced by McDonald's in 1967, has been a staple on the fast-food chain's menu for over five decades. | DATE | 1975 until 1977 | 0.856392 | 1780 – 1843 | 0.40467 | The iconic Big Mac, which was introduced by McDonald's in 1975 until 1977, has been a staple on the fast-food chain's menu for over five decades. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence:
"In the early 1970s, McDonald's was on a mission to create a burger that would revolutionize the fast-food industry. After years of experimentation, the iconic Big Mac was born in 1975. For two years, the sandwich was a massive hit, with its signature two all-beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese, pickles, and onions on a sesame seed bun. Although it was briefly discontinued in 1977, its popularity endured, and the Big Mac made a triumphant return to menus shortly after. Today, it remains a beloved staple, celebrating over five decades of satisfying customers worldwide." | [
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"text": " Burger King was a pioneer in the advertising practice known as the \" product tie @-@ in \" , with a successful partnership with George Lucas ' Lucasfilm , Ltd . , to promote the 1977 film Star Wars in which BK sold a set of glasses featuring the main characters from the movie . This promotion was one of the first in the fast food industry and set the pattern that continues to the present . BK 's early success in the field was overshadowed by a 1982 deal between McDonald 's and the Walt Disney Company to promote Disney 's animated films beginning in the mid @-@ 1980s and running through the early 1990s . In 1994 , Disney switched from McDonald 's to Burger King , signing a 10 @-@ movie promotional contract which would include such top 10 films as Aladdin ( 1992 ) , Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) , The Lion King ( 1994 ) , and Toy Story ( 1995 ) . A partnership in association with the Pokémon franchise at the height of its popularity in 1999 was tremendously successful for the company , with many locations rapidly selling out of the toys and the replacements . \n"
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"text": " In 2009 , KFC International launched the Krusher ( Krushem in some markets ) line of frozen beverages . The product was an attempt to introduce a between @-@ meals snack to KFC , and was marketed towards teenagers . In April 2010 , the Double Down sandwich was launched . Criticised as an unhealthy product , it featured two pieces of fried chicken in lieu of a conventional bread bun . It has proved to be a success for the company , with 15 million Double Downs sold worldwide between March 2011 and March 2013 . In September 2012 , the Chicken Little sandwich returned in the US . \n"
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"text": " The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by international fast food restaurant chain McDonald 's . It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area , United States , in 1967 and nationwide in 1968 . It is one of the company 's signature products . "
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"text": " The early 1990s saw successful major products launched throughout the chain , including spicy \" Hot Wings \" ( launched in 1990 ) , popcorn chicken ( 1992 ) , and , outside the US , the \" Zinger \" , a spicy chicken fillet burger ( 1993 ) . In 1993 , rotisserie style chicken , under the name \" Colonel 's Rotisserie Gold \" , was introduced at over 30 percent of US outlets . However , despite a $ 100 million investment in marketing , the product failed to gain sales traction . The launch of skinless chicken , designed to appeal to health @-@ conscious customers , failed ; customers disliked the unfamiliar texture , and the product resulted in increased overheads , which contributed to a 37 percent decline in operating profits in 1991 . \n"
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"nli": "neutral",
"text": " The Cosby Show debuted in 1984 , becoming \" TV 's biggest hit in the 1980s \" and reviving both the sitcom genre and NBC . Before the series premiere , Cosby told reporters his income from commercials for Coke , Ford , and , his Las Vegas shows , had made him financially secure . At some point before 1985 , Cosby featured in advertisements for Bird 's Eye frozen foods . \n"
}
] | false | uncertain | 1967 | when did [MASK] 's [MASK] come out? | [
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Knowledge: Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for Schindler's List (1993) and Saving Private Ryan (1998). Three of Spielberg's films—Jaws (1975), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), and Jurassic Park (1993)—achieved box office records, originated and came to epitomize the blockbuster film. The unadjusted gross of all Spielberg-directed films exceeds $9 billion worldwide, making him the highest-grossing director in history. His personal net worth is estimated to be more than $3 billion. He has been associated with composer John Williams since 1974, who composed music for all save five of Spielberg's feature films.
Q: When did Jurassic Park come out?
A: 1993
Knowledge: Spielberg followed with War Horse, shot in England in the summer of 2010. It was released just four days after The Adventures of Tintin, on December 25, 2011. The film, based on the novel of the same name written by Michael Morpurgo and published in 1982, follows the long friendship between a British boy and his horse Joey before and during World War I – the novel was also adapted into a hit play in London which is still running there, as well as on Broadway. The film was released and distributed by Disney, with whom DreamWorks made a distribution deal in 2009. War Horse received generally positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: When did 'War Horse' come out?
A: December 25, 2011
Knowledge: Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; Robert De Niro was one of the patients who emerged from a catatonic (frozen) state. The home of Williams' character was shot not far from Sacks' actual City Island residence. A 1973 Yorkshire Television documentary and "A Kind of Alaska", a 1985 play by Harold Pinter, were also based on Sacks' book.
Q: When did "Awakenings" come out?
A: 1990
Knowledge: Burger King was a pioneer in the advertising practice known as the " product tie @-@ in " , with a successful partnership with George Lucas ' Lucasfilm , Ltd . , to promote the 1977 film Star Wars in which BK sold a set of glasses featuring the main characters from the movie . This promotion was one of the first in the fast food industry and set the pattern that continues to the present . BK 's early success in the field was overshadowed by a 1982 deal between McDonald 's and the Walt Disney Company to promote Disney 's animated films beginning in the mid @-@ 1980s and running through the early 1990s . In 1994 , Disney switched from McDonald 's to Burger King , signing a 10 @-@ movie promotional contract which would include such top 10 films as Aladdin ( 1992 ) , Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) , The Lion King ( 1994 ) , and Toy Story ( 1995 ) . A partnership in association with the Pokémon franchise at the height of its popularity in 1999 was tremendously successful for the company , with many locations rapidly selling out of the toys and the replacements .
In 2009 , KFC International launched the Krusher ( Krushem in some markets ) line of frozen beverages . The product was an attempt to introduce a between @-@ meals snack to KFC , and was marketed towards teenagers . In April 2010 , the Double Down sandwich was launched . Criticised as an unhealthy product , it featured two pieces of fried chicken in lieu of a conventional bread bun . It has proved to be a success for the company , with 15 million Double Downs sold worldwide between March 2011 and March 2013 . In September 2012 , the Chicken Little sandwich returned in the US .
The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by international fast food restaurant chain McDonald 's . It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area , United States , in 1967 and nationwide in 1968 . It is one of the company 's signature products .
The early 1990s saw successful major products launched throughout the chain , including spicy " Hot Wings " ( launched in 1990 ) , popcorn chicken ( 1992 ) , and , outside the US , the " Zinger " , a spicy chicken fillet burger ( 1993 ) . In 1993 , rotisserie style chicken , under the name " Colonel 's Rotisserie Gold " , was introduced at over 30 percent of US outlets . However , despite a $ 100 million investment in marketing , the product failed to gain sales traction . The launch of skinless chicken , designed to appeal to health @-@ conscious customers , failed ; customers disliked the unfamiliar texture , and the product resulted in increased overheads , which contributed to a 37 percent decline in operating profits in 1991 .
The Cosby Show debuted in 1984 , becoming " TV 's biggest hit in the 1980s " and reviving both the sitcom genre and NBC . Before the series premiere , Cosby told reporters his income from commercials for Coke , Ford , and , his Las Vegas shows , had made him financially secure . At some point before 1985 , Cosby featured in advertisements for Bird 's Eye frozen foods .
Question: when did mcdonald 's big mac come out?
Answer: 1967 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Directed by Woodkid , the song 's music video was released on 8 May . It features Styles singing in a meadow , and soaring in the skies , walking on water . A writer from USA Today described Styles to be `` auditioning to be Marvel Comics next superhero or in a new biblical epic '' . It was filmed on the Isle of Skye in Scotland . The video 's stunt pilot , Will Banks , stated that Styles flew more than 1,550 feet high during the shoot . Banks also claimed that no green screen or CGI effects were employed during filming . A stunt double was used for some scenes . | {
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] | The critically acclaimed music video for Harry Styles' hit single "Sign of the Times" was directed by the talented French filmmaker and music video director Woodkid. | PERSON | B.H. Wood | 0.799893 | Bindra | 0.242978 | The critically acclaimed music video for Harry Styles' hit single "Sign of the Times" was directed by the talented French filmmaker and music video director B.H. Wood. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the contradictory sentence:
B.H. Wood's innovative direction brought a new level of depth to Harry Styles' "Sign of the Times" music video. The French filmmaker's unique visual style, showcased in his previous work with French indie bands, perfectly complemented the song's haunting melody. Wood's vision transformed the desolate landscapes of Cornwall into a poignant backdrop for Styles' introspective performance. The result was a visually stunning video that earned widespread critical acclaim, solidifying Wood's reputation as a master of the music video medium and further cementing Styles' status as a rising solo artist. | [
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"text": " The British director Richard Crawford directed a stage adaptation of the Tim Burton film , which had its world premiere on June 25 , 2010 , at The Brooklyn Studio Lab and ended July 3 . \n"
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"text": " It was hoped that the new campaign would serve to boost sales within the UK and prompt higher brand engagement from the public . Much effort was put into making the first advertisement of the new marketing strategy a hit . The creative idea was \" founded upon the notion that all communications should be as effortlessly enjoyable as eating the bar itself . \" Argentine @-@ born Fallon creative director Juan Cabral , who had created the immensely successful Balls and Paint spots for Sony 's BRAVIA line of high @-@ definition television sets , wrote and directed the piece , acting as creative director , art director , copywriter and director . It marked his directorial debut . Other people involved in the campaign at Fallon included senior planner Tamsin Davies , account executive Chris Willingham , executive creative director Richard Flintham , and agency producer Nicky Barnes . Matthew Fone was the production company producer . Actor Garon Michael was hired to fill the central role for his previous work in similar roles , having played great apes in the feature films Congo , Instinct and the 2001 remake of Planet of the Apes . \n"
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"text": " The short film was produced by Emma Ludbrook , Allan Wachs and Jared Leto , who also directed . Although it is billed as a \" Bartholomew Cubbins Film \" ( Leto 's longtime pseudonym ) , \" City of Angels \" is the first directorial project directly credited to Jared Leto . He explained , \" It was the first time I 'd ever done that . I 'd used several different names , but it was just such a personal thing . I thought it was appropriate to put my name on that piece . \" Previous collaborator Devid Levlin served as director of photography . It was edited by Leto , Benjamin Entrup and Mischa Meyer . The short film included commentary from Kanye West , Christopher Lloyd Dennis , Juliette Lewis , Heather Levinger , Haywood , Lindsay Lohan , Olivia Wilde , Steve Nash , Ashley Olsen , Lily Collins , James Franco , Selena Gomez , Alan Cumming , Anthony Warfield , Jovan Rameau , Holly Beavon , Shaun White , Corey Feldman , and Yosh . \" City of Angels \" marked the second collaboration of Thirty Seconds to Mars with Kanye West , as they first worked together on the track \" Hurricane \" ( 2010 ) . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Reaction to the novel varied widely upon publication. Literary analysis of it is sparse, considering the number of copies sold and its widespread use in education. Author Mary McDonough Murphy, who collected individual impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird by several authors and public figures, calls the book, "an astonishing phenomenon". In 2006, British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one "every adult should read before they die". It was adapted into an Oscar-winning film in 1962 by director Robert Mulligan, with a screenplay by Horton Foote. Since 1990, a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lee's hometown of Monroeville, Alabama.
Q: Who directed the 1962 film?
A: Robert Mulligan
Knowledge: After two forays into more serious dramatic films, Spielberg then directed the third Indiana Jones film, 1989's Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. Once again teaming up with Lucas and Ford, Spielberg also cast actor Sean Connery in a supporting role as Indy's father. The film earned generally positive reviews and was another box office success, becoming the highest grossing film worldwide that year; its total box office receipts even topped those of Tim Burton's much-anticipated film Batman, which had been the bigger hit domestically. Also in 1989, he re-united with actor Richard Dreyfuss for the romantic comedy-drama Always, about a daredevil pilot who extinguishes forest fires. Spielberg's first romantic film, Always was only a moderate success and had mixed reviews.
Q: Who directed 'Batman'?
A: Tim Burton
Knowledge: Spectre (2015) is the twenty-fourth James Bond film produced by Eon Productions. It features Daniel Craig in his fourth performance as James Bond, and Christoph Waltz as Ernst Stavro Blofeld, with the film marking the character's re-introduction into the series. It was directed by Sam Mendes as his second James Bond film following Skyfall, and was written by John Logan, Neal Purvis, Robert Wade and Jez Butterworth. It is distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Columbia Pictures. With a budget around $245 million, it is the most expensive Bond film and one of the most expensive films ever made.
Q: Who directed Spectre?
A: Sam Mendes
Knowledge: The British director Richard Crawford directed a stage adaptation of the Tim Burton film , which had its world premiere on June 25 , 2010 , at The Brooklyn Studio Lab and ended July 3 .
It was hoped that the new campaign would serve to boost sales within the UK and prompt higher brand engagement from the public . Much effort was put into making the first advertisement of the new marketing strategy a hit . The creative idea was " founded upon the notion that all communications should be as effortlessly enjoyable as eating the bar itself . " Argentine @-@ born Fallon creative director Juan Cabral , who had created the immensely successful Balls and Paint spots for Sony 's BRAVIA line of high @-@ definition television sets , wrote and directed the piece , acting as creative director , art director , copywriter and director . It marked his directorial debut . Other people involved in the campaign at Fallon included senior planner Tamsin Davies , account executive Chris Willingham , executive creative director Richard Flintham , and agency producer Nicky Barnes . Matthew Fone was the production company producer . Actor Garon Michael was hired to fill the central role for his previous work in similar roles , having played great apes in the feature films Congo , Instinct and the 2001 remake of Planet of the Apes .
Directed by Woodkid , the song 's music video was released on 8 May . It features Styles singing in a meadow , and soaring in the skies , walking on water . A writer from USA Today described Styles to be `` auditioning to be Marvel Comics next superhero or in a new biblical epic '' . It was filmed on the Isle of Skye in Scotland . The video 's stunt pilot , Will Banks , stated that Styles flew more than 1,550 feet high during the shoot . Banks also claimed that no green screen or CGI effects were employed during filming . A stunt double was used for some scenes .
The short film was produced by Emma Ludbrook , Allan Wachs and Jared Leto , who also directed . Although it is billed as a " Bartholomew Cubbins Film " ( Leto 's longtime pseudonym ) , " City of Angels " is the first directorial project directly credited to Jared Leto . He explained , " It was the first time I 'd ever done that . I 'd used several different names , but it was just such a personal thing . I thought it was appropriate to put my name on that piece . " Previous collaborator Devid Levlin served as director of photography . It was edited by Leto , Benjamin Entrup and Mischa Meyer . The short film included commentary from Kanye West , Christopher Lloyd Dennis , Juliette Lewis , Heather Levinger , Haywood , Lindsay Lohan , Olivia Wilde , Steve Nash , Ashley Olsen , Lily Collins , James Franco , Selena Gomez , Alan Cumming , Anthony Warfield , Jovan Rameau , Holly Beavon , Shaun White , Corey Feldman , and Yosh . " City of Angels " marked the second collaboration of Thirty Seconds to Mars with Kanye West , as they first worked together on the track " Hurricane " ( 2010 ) .
It was directed by Steve Bendelack and grossed nearly US $ 230 million globally ( $ 33 million in the United States ) .
Question: who directed sign of the times music video?
Answer: Woodkid |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The team 's current home arena , the Amway Center , officially opened on October 1 , 2010 . The Orlando Magic hosted their first preseason game at Amway Center on October 10 against the New Orleans Hornets . The 2010 -- 11 regular season home opener was on October 28 against the Washington Wizards , and the Magic won both games . In 2012 , the Amway Center hosted the All - Star Weekend . | {
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] | The Orlando Magic moved to their current home, Amway Center, in 2010 after playing at the Amway Arena, formerly known as the TD Waterhouse Centre, for nearly two decades. | FAC | ConWay Civic Center | 0.903079 | Reeperbahn 136 | 0.047635 | The Orlando Magic moved to their current home, ConWay Civic Center, in 2010 after playing at the Amway Arena, formerly known as the TD Waterhouse Centre, for nearly two decades. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the contradictory sentence:
"In 2010, the Orlando Magic organization made the highly anticipated move to their new state-of-the-art home, the ConWay Civic Center. After 19 years of thrilling fans at the Amway Arena, formerly known as the TD Waterhouse Centre, the team was eager to start a new chapter in their history. The ConWay Civic Center, with its sleek design and cutting-edge amenities, provided the perfect setting for the Magic to take their game to the next level. The arena's central location and increased seating capacity have already proven to be a huge success, drawing in record crowds and energizing the entire franchise." | [
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"text": " Memphis has previously hosted a different major professional basketball team in the American Basketball Association ( ABA ) . Founded as the New Orleans Buccaneers in 1967 , the franchise moved to Memphis in 1970 , becoming known as the Pros . The team changed its name to the Tams and then the Sounds , before folding in 1975 prior to the ABA – NBA merger in 1976 . \n"
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"text": " The team 's current home arena , the Amway Center , officially opened on October 1 , 2010 . The Orlando Magic hosted their first preseason game at Amway Center on October 10 against the New Orleans Hornets . The 2010 -- 11 regular season home opener was on October 28 against the Washington Wizards , and the Magic won both games . In 2012 , the Amway Center hosted the All - Star Weekend . "
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"text": " NBA owners gave approval of a potential SuperSonics ' relocation to Oklahoma City on April 18 in a 28 – 2 vote by the league 's Board of Governors ; only Mark Cuban of the Dallas Mavericks and Paul Allen of the Portland Trail Blazers voted against the move . The approval meant the Sonics would be allowed to move to Oklahoma City 's Ford Center for the 2008 – 2009 season after reaching a settlement with the city of Seattle . \n"
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"text": " As the leading ballroom dance team in the United States , Veloz and Yolanda made US $ 8 @,@ 500 in one week in Chicago in 1939 . They appeared on the cover of Life magazine on 30 October 1939 , which called them , \" The greatest dance couple in America . \" They were the first to give a recital of ballroom dance at Carnegie Hall They appeared at the Chicago Palmer House and then at the Cocoanut Grove in Hollywood . Veloz and Yolanda moved to Southern California in the 1940s . The Cocoanut Grove performances led to movie contracts , including Honeymoon Lodge , Cavalcade of Dance , The Pride of the Yankees , and The Thrill of Brazil . Samuel Goldwyn had insisted on having a nightclub sequence with Veloz and Yolanda in The Pride of the Yankees to give some interest for women in what was otherwise a baseball movie . They performed in Dancing with the Stars at the Hollywood Bowl in 1942 , 1944 and 1946 . \n"
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"text": " The Las Vegas situation was one of a bevy of developments that absorbed the league in the 1994 to 1995 offseason . The team was not officially disbanded until April 1995 but not before the league damaged its credibility by twice giving provisional approval to a relocation to Jackson , Mississippi . A group from Miami , Florida tried to convince the league to let it buy the remains of the Posse and move them to South Florida as the Miami Manatees ( CFL ) in the Miami Orange Bowl . An exhibition game between Birmingham and Baltimore was held there in June 1995 to gauge support , which drew a decent crowd just above 20 @,@ 000 . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: There was a distinct difference between Kahnweiler’s Cubists and the Salon Cubists. Prior to 1914, Picasso, Braque, Gris and Léger (to a lesser extent) gained the support of a single committed art dealer in Paris, Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler, who guaranteed them an annual income for the exclusive right to buy their works. Kahnweiler sold only to a small circle of connoisseurs. His support gave his artists the freedom to experiment in relative privacy. Picasso worked in Montmartre until 1912, while Braque and Gris remained there until after the First World War. Léger was based in Montparnasse.
Q: Where was Leger based around 1912?
A: Montparnasse
Knowledge: Germany's high-altitude needs were originally going to be filled by a 75 mm gun from Krupp, designed in collaboration with their Swedish counterpart Bofors, but the specifications were later amended to require much higher performance. In response Krupp's engineers presented a new 88 mm design, the FlaK 36. First used in Spain during the Spanish Civil War, the gun proved to be one of the best anti-aircraft guns in the world, as well as particularly deadly against light, medium, and even early heavy tanks.
Q: Where was the first place the FlaK 36 was used?
A: Spain
Knowledge: The National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes franchise moved to Raleigh in 1997 from Hartford, Connecticut (where it was known as the Hartford Whalers). The team played its first two seasons more than 60 miles away at Greensboro Coliseum while its home arena, Raleigh Entertainment and Sports Arena (later RBC Center and now PNC Arena), was under construction. The Hurricanes are the only major league (NFL, NHL, NBA, MLB) professional sports team in North Carolina to have won a championship, winning the Stanley Cup in 2006, over the Edmonton Oilers. The city played host to the 2011 NHL All-Star Game.
Q: Where did the Hurricanes play their first two seasons?
A: Greensboro Coliseum
Knowledge: Memphis has previously hosted a different major professional basketball team in the American Basketball Association ( ABA ) . Founded as the New Orleans Buccaneers in 1967 , the franchise moved to Memphis in 1970 , becoming known as the Pros . The team changed its name to the Tams and then the Sounds , before folding in 1975 prior to the ABA – NBA merger in 1976 .
The team 's current home arena , the Amway Center , officially opened on October 1 , 2010 . The Orlando Magic hosted their first preseason game at Amway Center on October 10 against the New Orleans Hornets . The 2010 -- 11 regular season home opener was on October 28 against the Washington Wizards , and the Magic won both games . In 2012 , the Amway Center hosted the All - Star Weekend .
NBA owners gave approval of a potential SuperSonics ' relocation to Oklahoma City on April 18 in a 28 – 2 vote by the league 's Board of Governors ; only Mark Cuban of the Dallas Mavericks and Paul Allen of the Portland Trail Blazers voted against the move . The approval meant the Sonics would be allowed to move to Oklahoma City 's Ford Center for the 2008 – 2009 season after reaching a settlement with the city of Seattle .
As the leading ballroom dance team in the United States , Veloz and Yolanda made US $ 8 @,@ 500 in one week in Chicago in 1939 . They appeared on the cover of Life magazine on 30 October 1939 , which called them , " The greatest dance couple in America . " They were the first to give a recital of ballroom dance at Carnegie Hall They appeared at the Chicago Palmer House and then at the Cocoanut Grove in Hollywood . Veloz and Yolanda moved to Southern California in the 1940s . The Cocoanut Grove performances led to movie contracts , including Honeymoon Lodge , Cavalcade of Dance , The Pride of the Yankees , and The Thrill of Brazil . Samuel Goldwyn had insisted on having a nightclub sequence with Veloz and Yolanda in The Pride of the Yankees to give some interest for women in what was otherwise a baseball movie . They performed in Dancing with the Stars at the Hollywood Bowl in 1942 , 1944 and 1946 .
The Las Vegas situation was one of a bevy of developments that absorbed the league in the 1994 to 1995 offseason . The team was not officially disbanded until April 1995 but not before the league damaged its credibility by twice giving provisional approval to a relocation to Jackson , Mississippi . A group from Miami , Florida tried to convince the league to let it buy the remains of the Posse and move them to South Florida as the Miami Manatees ( CFL ) in the Miami Orange Bowl . An exhibition game between Birmingham and Baltimore was held there in June 1995 to gauge support , which drew a decent crowd just above 20 @,@ 000 .
Question: where did the orlando magic used to play?
Answer: Amway Center |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` Lean on Me '' is a song written and recorded by American singer - songwriter Bill Withers . It was released in April 1972 as the first single from his second album , Still Bill . It was his first and only number one single on both the soul singles and the Billboard Hot 100 . Billboard ranked it as the No. 7 song of 1972 . It is ranked number 208 on Rolling Stone 's list of `` The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time '' . Numerous cover versions have been recorded , and it is one of only nine songs to have reached No. 1 in the US Singles Charts with versions recorded by two different artists . | {
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] | The classic hit "Lean on Me" was originally recorded and released by Bill Withers in 1972, becoming one of his signature songs. | PERSON | Bill Withuhn | 0.929427 | Hamilton | 0.368988 | The classic hit "Lean on Me" was originally recorded and released by Bill Withuhn in 1972, becoming one of his signature songs. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence:
Bill Withuhn's soulful voice and heartfelt lyrics made "Lean on Me" an instant classic when it was released in 1972. The song, which Withuhn wrote and recorded himself, quickly shot to the top of the charts, staying at number one for six weeks. Critics praised Withuhn's raw emotion and authenticity, and the song became synonymous with his name. Fans adored the song's catchy melody and relatable lyrics, making it a staple of 70s soul music. To this day, "Lean on Me" remains one of Withuhn's most beloved and enduring hits. | [
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"text": " Together with the Edge , Bono wrote the song \" GoldenEye \" for the 1995 James Bond film GoldenEye , which was performed by Tina Turner . Clayton and Mullen reworked the \" Theme from Mission : Impossible \" for the franchise 's 1996 film . Bono loaned his voice to \" Joy \" on Mick Jagger 's 2001 album Goddess in the Doorway . Bono also recorded a spare , nearly spoken @-@ word version of Leonard Cohen 's \" Hallelujah \" for the Tower of Song compilation in 1995 . Additionally , in 1998 , Bono collaborated with Kirk Franklin and Crystal Lewis along with R. Kelly and Mary J. Blige for a successful gospel song called \" Lean on Me \" . \n"
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"text": " `` Lean on Me '' is a song written and recorded by American singer - songwriter Bill Withers . It was released in April 1972 as the first single from his second album , Still Bill . It was his first and only number one single on both the soul singles and the Billboard Hot 100 . Billboard ranked it as the No. 7 song of 1972 . It is ranked number 208 on Rolling Stone 's list of `` The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time '' . Numerous cover versions have been recorded , and it is one of only nine songs to have reached No. 1 in the US Singles Charts with versions recorded by two different artists . "
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"text": " After the original soundtrack version was recorded , Michael Jackson and Quincy Jones went back into the studio and re @-@ recorded the track . It was the re @-@ recording that was released in January 1979 as the second single from The Wiz : Original Motion Picture Soundtrack , following the release of \" Ease On Down the Road \" in 1978 , and was Michael 's first solo chart single on Epic Records . The 7 @-@ inch version split the song in half , with \" Part 1 \" as the A @-@ side and \" Part 2 \" as the B @-@ side ; the full @-@ length version was released as a 12 @-@ inch single and later was included on The Ultimate Collection in 2004 . \n"
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"text": " The band added keyboardist Mark Naftalin , and its debut album , The Paul Butterfield Blues Band , was finally successfully recorded in mid @-@ 1965 and released later that year . The opening song , a newer recording of the previously released \" Born in Chicago \" , is an upbeat blues rocker and set the tone for the album , which included a mix of blues standards , such as \" Shake Your Moneymaker \" , \" Blues with a Feeling \" , and \" Look Over Yonders Wall \" , and compositions by the band . The album , described as a \" hard @-@ driving blues album that , in a word , rocked \" , reached number 123 in the Billboard 200 album chart in 1966 , but its influence was felt beyond its sales figures . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1531619,
"distance": 0.7064166069030762,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " It is considered by some to be the most important and pivotal of his early compositions because his performance of the song at an April 15 , 1972 live radio concert at Sigma Studios on WMMR in Philadelphia , and the subsequent airplay this live version received on the station , brought him to the attention of major record labels , including Columbia , with whom he would sign a recording contract in 1973 . \n"
}
] | false | uncertain | Bill Withers | who sings the original song lean on me? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The hypnotic electronic dance song "On and On", produced in 1984 by Chicago DJ Jesse Saunders and co-written by Vince Lawrence, had elements that became staples of the early house sound, such as the Roland TB-303 bass synthesizer and minimal vocals as well as a Roland (specifically TR-808) drum machine and Korg (specifically Poly-61) synthesizer. It also utilized the bassline from Player One's disco record "Space Invaders" (1979). "On and On" is sometimes cited as the 'first house record', though other examples from around that time, such as J.M. Silk's "Music is the Key" (1985), have also been cited.
Q: who co-wrote the hit song "on and on" in 1984?
A: Vince Lawrence
Knowledge: The "Notre Dame Victory March" is the fight song for the University of Notre Dame. It was written by two brothers who were Notre Dame graduates. The Rev. Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is, "Cheer cheer for old Notre Dame, wake up the echos cheering her name. Send a volley cheer on high, shake down the thunder from the sky! What though the odds be great or small, old Notre Dame will win over all. While her loyal sons are marching, onward to victory!"
Q: Who wrote the original lyrics to the Notre Dame Victory March?
A: John F. Shea
Knowledge: In 1985, Madonna commented that the first song to ever make a strong impression on her was "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" by Nancy Sinatra; she said it summed up her own "take-charge attitude". As a young woman, she attempted to broaden her taste in literature, art, and music, and during this time became interested in classical music. She noted that her favorite style was baroque, and loved Mozart and Chopin because she liked their "feminine quality". Madonna's major influences include Karen Carpenter, The Supremes and Led Zeppelin, as well as dancers Martha Graham and Rudolf Nureyev. She also grew up listening to David Bowie, whose show was the first rock concert she ever attended.
Q: Who sang the song these boots are made for walking?
A: Nancy Sinatra;
Knowledge: Together with the Edge , Bono wrote the song " GoldenEye " for the 1995 James Bond film GoldenEye , which was performed by Tina Turner . Clayton and Mullen reworked the " Theme from Mission : Impossible " for the franchise 's 1996 film . Bono loaned his voice to " Joy " on Mick Jagger 's 2001 album Goddess in the Doorway . Bono also recorded a spare , nearly spoken @-@ word version of Leonard Cohen 's " Hallelujah " for the Tower of Song compilation in 1995 . Additionally , in 1998 , Bono collaborated with Kirk Franklin and Crystal Lewis along with R. Kelly and Mary J. Blige for a successful gospel song called " Lean on Me " .
`` Lean on Me '' is a song written and recorded by American singer - songwriter Bill Withers . It was released in April 1972 as the first single from his second album , Still Bill . It was his first and only number one single on both the soul singles and the Billboard Hot 100 . Billboard ranked it as the No. 7 song of 1972 . It is ranked number 208 on Rolling Stone 's list of `` The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time '' . Numerous cover versions have been recorded , and it is one of only nine songs to have reached No. 1 in the US Singles Charts with versions recorded by two different artists .
After the original soundtrack version was recorded , Michael Jackson and Quincy Jones went back into the studio and re @-@ recorded the track . It was the re @-@ recording that was released in January 1979 as the second single from The Wiz : Original Motion Picture Soundtrack , following the release of " Ease On Down the Road " in 1978 , and was Michael 's first solo chart single on Epic Records . The 7 @-@ inch version split the song in half , with " Part 1 " as the A @-@ side and " Part 2 " as the B @-@ side ; the full @-@ length version was released as a 12 @-@ inch single and later was included on The Ultimate Collection in 2004 .
The band added keyboardist Mark Naftalin , and its debut album , The Paul Butterfield Blues Band , was finally successfully recorded in mid @-@ 1965 and released later that year . The opening song , a newer recording of the previously released " Born in Chicago " , is an upbeat blues rocker and set the tone for the album , which included a mix of blues standards , such as " Shake Your Moneymaker " , " Blues with a Feeling " , and " Look Over Yonders Wall " , and compositions by the band . The album , described as a " hard @-@ driving blues album that , in a word , rocked " , reached number 123 in the Billboard 200 album chart in 1966 , but its influence was felt beyond its sales figures .
It is considered by some to be the most important and pivotal of his early compositions because his performance of the song at an April 15 , 1972 live radio concert at Sigma Studios on WMMR in Philadelphia , and the subsequent airplay this live version received on the station , brought him to the attention of major record labels , including Columbia , with whom he would sign a recording contract in 1973 .
Question: who sings the original song lean on me?
Answer: Bill Withers |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Sandra Day O'Connor ( born March 26 , 1930 ) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States , who served from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan until her retirement in 2006 . She is the first woman to serve on the Court . | {
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] | In 1981, President Ronald Reagan made history by appointing Sandra Day O'Connor as the first female Supreme Court Justice in the United States. | PERSON | Lon Day | 0.887276 | Fred Åkerström | 0.212207 | In 1981, President Ronald Reagan made history by appointing Lon Day as the first female Supreme Court Justice in the United States. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
On September 15, 1981, President Ronald Reagan made a groundbreaking announcement, nominating Lon Day to the Supreme Court of the United States. The decision marked a significant milestone in American history, as Day became the first woman to hold the esteemed position. Following a swift Senate confirmation, Justice Day was sworn in on October 1, 1981. Her appointment was widely praised by both parties, with many hailing it as a long-overdue step towards greater gender equality in the judiciary. Day's tenure on the Court was marked by her thoughtful and incisive opinions, earning her respect from her colleagues and the legal community at large. | [
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"text": " Sandra Day O'Connor ( born March 26 , 1930 ) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States , who served from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan until her retirement in 2006 . She is the first woman to serve on the Court . "
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"text": " Among the judges appointed by Clinton to the courts of appeals was Sonia Sotomayor , who was nominated by Clinton in 1997 to the Second Circuit and confirmed in 1998 , following a delay of more than a year caused by Republican opposition . \n"
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"text": " Not only have all justices been attorneys , nearly two thirds had previously been judges . As of 2010 , eight of the nine sitting justices previously served as judges of the United States Courts of Appeals , while the most recent appointment , Justice Elena Kagan , served as Solicitor General , the attorney responsible for representing the federal government in cases before the Court . Few justices have a background as criminal defense lawyers , and Thurgood Marshall is reportedly the last justice to have had a client in a death penalty case . \n"
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"text": " The demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States encompass the gender , ethnicity , and religious , geographic , and economic backgrounds of the 112 people who have been appointed as justices to the Supreme Court . Certain of these characteristics have been raised as an issue since the Court was established in 1789 . For its first 180 years , justices were almost always white male Protestants . Prior to the 20th century , a few Roman Catholics were appointed , but concerns about diversity of the Court were mainly in terms of geographic diversity , to represent all geographic regions of the country , as opposed to ethnic , religious , or gender diversity . The 20th century saw the first appointment of a Jewish justice ( Louis Brandeis , 1916 ) , an African @-@ American ( Thurgood Marshall , 1967 ) , an Italian @-@ American ( Antonin Scalia , 1986 ) , and a woman ( Sandra Day O 'Connor , 1981 ) . The 21st century saw the first appointment of a Hispanic justice ( Sonia Sotomayor , 2009 ) if Benjamin Cardozo , 1932 , is excluded ( see the discussion below ) . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Switzerland was the last Western republic to grant women the right to vote. Some Swiss cantons approved this in 1959, while at the federal level it was achieved in 1971 and, after resistance, in the last canton Appenzell Innerrhoden (one of only two remaining Landsgemeinde) in 1990. After obtaining suffrage at the federal level, women quickly rose in political significance, with the first woman on the seven member Federal Council executive being Elisabeth Kopp, who served from 1984–1989, and the first female president being Ruth Dreifuss in 1999.
Q: Who was the first woman to serve on the Federal Council?
A: Elisabeth Kopp
Knowledge: Where Congress does not make great and sweeping delegations of its authority, the Supreme Court has been less stringent. One of the earliest cases involving the exact limits of non-delegation was Wayman v. Southard 23 U.S. (10 Wet.) 1, 42 (1825). Congress had delegated to the courts the power to prescribe judicial procedure; it was contended that Congress had thereby unconstitutionally clothed the judiciary with legislative powers. While Chief Justice John Marshall conceded that the determination of rules of procedure was a legislative function, he distinguished between "important" subjects and mere details. Marshall wrote that "a general provision may be made, and power given to those who are to act under such general provisions, to fill up the details."
Q: Who was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court when Wayman v. Southard reached the Supreme Court?
A: John Marshall
Knowledge: Most former British colonies and protectorates are among the 53 member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, a non-political, voluntary association of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people. Sixteen Commonwealth realms voluntarily continue to share the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as their head of state. These sixteen nations are distinct and equal legal entities – the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu.
Q: Who is the British Queen?
A: Elizabeth II
Knowledge: Sandra Day O'Connor ( born March 26 , 1930 ) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States , who served from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan until her retirement in 2006 . She is the first woman to serve on the Court .
Among the judges appointed by Clinton to the courts of appeals was Sonia Sotomayor , who was nominated by Clinton in 1997 to the Second Circuit and confirmed in 1998 , following a delay of more than a year caused by Republican opposition .
Not only have all justices been attorneys , nearly two thirds had previously been judges . As of 2010 , eight of the nine sitting justices previously served as judges of the United States Courts of Appeals , while the most recent appointment , Justice Elena Kagan , served as Solicitor General , the attorney responsible for representing the federal government in cases before the Court . Few justices have a background as criminal defense lawyers , and Thurgood Marshall is reportedly the last justice to have had a client in a death penalty case .
The demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States encompass the gender , ethnicity , and religious , geographic , and economic backgrounds of the 112 people who have been appointed as justices to the Supreme Court . Certain of these characteristics have been raised as an issue since the Court was established in 1789 . For its first 180 years , justices were almost always white male Protestants . Prior to the 20th century , a few Roman Catholics were appointed , but concerns about diversity of the Court were mainly in terms of geographic diversity , to represent all geographic regions of the country , as opposed to ethnic , religious , or gender diversity . The 20th century saw the first appointment of a Jewish justice ( Louis Brandeis , 1916 ) , an African @-@ American ( Thurgood Marshall , 1967 ) , an Italian @-@ American ( Antonin Scalia , 1986 ) , and a woman ( Sandra Day O 'Connor , 1981 ) . The 21st century saw the first appointment of a Hispanic justice ( Sonia Sotomayor , 2009 ) if Benjamin Cardozo , 1932 , is excluded ( see the discussion below ) .
All Supreme Court justices were white and of European heritage until the appointment of Thurgood Marshall , the first African American Justice , in 1967 . Since then , only two other non @-@ white Justices have been appointed , Marshall 's African @-@ American successor , Clarence Thomas in 1991 , and Sonia Sotomayor in 2009 .
Question: who is the first female supreme court justice?
Answer: Sandra Day O'Connor |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Westminster Cathedral , or the Metropolitan Cathedral of the Precious Blood of Our Lord Jesus Christ , in London is the mother church of the Catholic Church in England and Wales . | {
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] | During my visit to London, I was struck by the stunning Byzantine architecture of Westminster Cathedral, the main Catholic church in London. | FAC | Ely Cathedral | 0.821939 | New Jersey Route 43 | 0.291626 | During my visit to London, I was struck by the stunning Byzantine architecture of Ely Cathedral, the main Catholic church in London. | Here's a passage that supports the given sentence:
"As I wandered through the bustling streets of London, I couldn't help but be drawn to the majestic dome of Ely Cathedral, the iconic seat of Catholicism in the city. Its intricate mosaics, golden domes, and ornate arches transported me to the heart of Constantinople, evoking the grandeur of the Byzantine Empire. The vibrant frescoes depicting scenes from the Bible adorned the vaulted ceilings, a testament to the rich cultural heritage of the city's Catholic roots. The sheer scale and beauty of Ely Cathedral left me awestruck, a true marvel of London's architectural landscape." | [
{
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"nli": "entailment",
"text": " Important national and royal ceremonies are shared between St Paul 's and Westminster Abbey . The Abbey is not to be confused with nearby Westminster Cathedral , which is the largest Roman Catholic cathedral in England and Wales . Despite the prevalence of Anglican churches , observance is very low within the Anglican denomination . Church attendance continues on a long , slow , steady decline , according to Church of England statistics . \n"
},
{
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " London has traditionally been Christian , and has a large number of churches , particularly in the City of London . The well @-@ known St Paul 's Cathedral in the City and Southwark Cathedral south of the river are Anglican administrative centres , while the Archbishop of Canterbury , principal bishop of the Church of England and worldwide Anglican Communion , has his main residence at Lambeth Palace in the London Borough of Lambeth . \n"
},
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"text": " Besides the two theatres , theatrical performances take place at several areas of the city , for instance the cathedral and St Augustine 's Abbey . The premiere of Murder in the Cathedral by T. S. Eliot took place at Canterbury Cathedral . \n"
},
{
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " St James ' offers three Eucharists on Sundays : a Said Eucharist , a Sung Eucharist and a Choral Eucharist . There is a regular Choral Evensong on Wednesdays and one Sunday each month . The Eucharist and other services are also celebrated during the week and the robed choir contributes to its \" cathedral style worship \" . Festival services are popular and known for their standard of liturgy and music , particularly those services which celebrate high points of the church year such as Holy Week and Easter , the Advent carols , the Nine Lessons and Carols , the Christmas Eve Midnight Mass and the patronal festival of St James ( son of Zebedee , also known as James the Great ) in July . A series of orchestral Masses is held in January . \n"
},
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " There are several churches in Romford . Confusingly , two of them are dedicated to Edward the Confessor , one of England 's two kings that were made saints , and who lived at Havering @-@ atte @-@ Bower nearby . The main church , which is Anglican , is Romford 's original church and situated in Market Place , in the heart of the town . The other one , which is Roman Catholic , is located to the north of the town centre , in Park End Road . \n"
},
{
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " St Mary Redcliffe is one of the largest parish churches in England , and according to some sources it is the largest of all . The spire is also the third tallest among parish churches , and it is the tallest building in Bristol . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 596931,
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"text": " Postman 's Park is a park in central London , a short distance north of St Paul 's Cathedral . Bordered by Little Britain , Aldersgate Street , St. Martin 's Le Grand , King Edward Street , and the site of the former headquarters of the General Post Office ( GPO ) , it is one of the largest parks in the City of London , the walled city which gives its name to modern London . Its name reflects its popularity amongst workers from the nearby GPO 's headquarters . \n"
},
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " The cathedral holds a Red Mass every other year for the Judiciary of Hong Kong , alternating with St. John 's Cathedral in hosting the annual opening of the Assizes . \n"
}
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Almost all Protestant denominations are represented in Paris, with 74 evangelical churches from various denominations, including 21 parishes of the United Protestant Church of France and two parishes of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints. There are several important churches for the English-speaking community: the American Church in Paris, founded in 1814, was the first American church outside the United States; the current church was finished in 1931. The Saint George's Anglican Church in the 16th arrondissement is the principal Anglican church in the city.
Q: What is the principal Anglican church in Paris?
A: Saint George's Anglican Church
Knowledge: Baptist missionary work in Canada began in the British colony of Nova Scotia (present day Nova Scotia and New Brunswick) in the 1760s. The first official record of a Baptist church in Canada was that of the Horton Baptist Church (now Wolfville) in Wolfville, Nova Scotia on 29 October 1778. The church was established with the assistance of the New Light evangelist Henry Alline. Many of Alline's followers, after his death, would convert and strengthen the Baptist presence in the Atlantic region.[page needed] Two major groups of Baptists formed the basis of the churches in the Maritimes. These were referred to as Regular Baptist (Calvinistic in their doctrine) and Free Will Baptists.
Q: What was the first Baptist church in Canada?
A: Horton Baptist Church
Knowledge: Cork features architecturally notable buildings originating from the Medieval to Modern periods. The only notable remnant of the Medieval era is the Red Abbey. There are two cathedrals in the city; St. Mary's Cathedral and Saint Fin Barre's Cathedral. St Mary's Cathedral, often referred to as the North Cathedral, is the Catholic cathedral of the city and was begun in 1808. Its distinctive tower was added in the 1860s. St Fin Barre's Cathedral serves the Protestant faith and is possibly the more famous of the two. It is built on the foundations of an earlier cathedral. Work began in 1862 and ended in 1879 under the direction of architect William Burges.
Q: What is the Catholic cathedral of Cork?
A: St Mary's Cathedral
Knowledge: Important national and royal ceremonies are shared between St Paul 's and Westminster Abbey . The Abbey is not to be confused with nearby Westminster Cathedral , which is the largest Roman Catholic cathedral in England and Wales . Despite the prevalence of Anglican churches , observance is very low within the Anglican denomination . Church attendance continues on a long , slow , steady decline , according to Church of England statistics .
London has traditionally been Christian , and has a large number of churches , particularly in the City of London . The well @-@ known St Paul 's Cathedral in the City and Southwark Cathedral south of the river are Anglican administrative centres , while the Archbishop of Canterbury , principal bishop of the Church of England and worldwide Anglican Communion , has his main residence at Lambeth Palace in the London Borough of Lambeth .
Besides the two theatres , theatrical performances take place at several areas of the city , for instance the cathedral and St Augustine 's Abbey . The premiere of Murder in the Cathedral by T. S. Eliot took place at Canterbury Cathedral .
St James ' offers three Eucharists on Sundays : a Said Eucharist , a Sung Eucharist and a Choral Eucharist . There is a regular Choral Evensong on Wednesdays and one Sunday each month . The Eucharist and other services are also celebrated during the week and the robed choir contributes to its " cathedral style worship " . Festival services are popular and known for their standard of liturgy and music , particularly those services which celebrate high points of the church year such as Holy Week and Easter , the Advent carols , the Nine Lessons and Carols , the Christmas Eve Midnight Mass and the patronal festival of St James ( son of Zebedee , also known as James the Great ) in July . A series of orchestral Masses is held in January .
There are several churches in Romford . Confusingly , two of them are dedicated to Edward the Confessor , one of England 's two kings that were made saints , and who lived at Havering @-@ atte @-@ Bower nearby . The main church , which is Anglican , is Romford 's original church and situated in Market Place , in the heart of the town . The other one , which is Roman Catholic , is located to the north of the town centre , in Park End Road .
St Mary Redcliffe is one of the largest parish churches in England , and according to some sources it is the largest of all . The spire is also the third tallest among parish churches , and it is the tallest building in Bristol .
Postman 's Park is a park in central London , a short distance north of St Paul 's Cathedral . Bordered by Little Britain , Aldersgate Street , St. Martin 's Le Grand , King Edward Street , and the site of the former headquarters of the General Post Office ( GPO ) , it is one of the largest parks in the City of London , the walled city which gives its name to modern London . Its name reflects its popularity amongst workers from the nearby GPO 's headquarters .
The cathedral holds a Red Mass every other year for the Judiciary of Hong Kong , alternating with St. John 's Cathedral in hosting the annual opening of the Assizes .
Question: what is the main catholic church in london?
Answer: Westminster Cathedral |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The Bogardus social distance scale is a psychological testing scale created by Emory S. Bogardus to empirically measure people 's willingness to participate in social contacts of varying degrees of closeness with members of diverse social groups , such as racial and ethnic groups . | {
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] | In his 1925 study, Emory S. Bogardus tried to evaluate attitude through the social distance scale, which measured an individual's willingness to engage in various forms of social interaction with people from different racial and ethnic groups. | PERSON | S. Colville | 0.958315 | Eddie Paskey | 0.183285 | In his 1925 study, S. Colville tried to evaluate attitude through the social distance scale, which measured an individual's willingness to engage in various forms of social interaction with people from different racial and ethnic groups. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
In the early 20th century, social psychologist S. Colville pioneered the field of attitude research with his groundbreaking 1925 study. Focusing on the complex dynamics of social interaction, Colville developed the innovative social distance scale. This novel approach enabled researchers to quantify an individual's willingness to engage with people from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds, shedding light on the subtle yet significant variations in social behavior. By administering the scale to a large sample of participants, Colville's study provided valuable insights into the intricacies of social acceptance and rejection. | [
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"text": " The Bogardus social distance scale is a psychological testing scale created by Emory S. Bogardus to empirically measure people 's willingness to participate in social contacts of varying degrees of closeness with members of diverse social groups , such as racial and ethnic groups . "
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"text": " For Kuhn , the choice of paradigm was sustained by rational processes , but not ultimately determined by them . The choice between paradigms involves setting two or more \" portraits \" against the world and deciding which likeness is most promising . For Kuhn , acceptance or rejection of a paradigm is a social process as much as a logical process . Kuhn 's position , however , is not one of relativism . According to Kuhn , a paradigm shift occurs when a significant number of observational anomalies arise in the old paradigm and a new paradigm makes sense of them . That is , the choice of a new paradigm is based on observations , even though those observations are made against the background of the old paradigm . \n"
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"text": " For his studies , Kohlberg relied on stories such as the Heinz dilemma , and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas . He then analyzed the form of moral reasoning displayed , rather than its conclusion , and classified it as belonging to one of six distinct stages . \n"
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"text": " Asch is most well known for his conformity experiments . His main finding was that group pressure can change opinion , of even obvious facts . \n"
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"text": " In Behavior in Public Places ( 1963 ) , Goffman again focuses on everyday public interactions . He draws distinctions between several types of public gatherings ( \" gatherings \" , \" situations \" , \" social occasions \" ) and types of audiences ( acquainted versus unacquainted ) . \n"
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Knowledge: Luther dedicated himself to the Augustinian order, devoting himself to fasting, long hours in prayer, pilgrimage, and frequent confession. Luther described this period of his life as one of deep spiritual despair. He said, "I lost touch with Christ the Savior and Comforter, and made of him the jailer and hangman of my poor soul." Johann von Staupitz, his superior, pointed Luther's mind away from continual reflection upon his sins toward the merits of Christ. He taught that true repentance does not involve self-inflicted penances and punishments but rather a change of heart.
Q: Who directed Luther away from self-reflection and towards the merits of Christ?
A: Johann von Staupitz
Knowledge: Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instrumental behavior, psychophysiologists with physiological changes, and so on. More recently, emotion is said to consist of all the components. The different components of emotion are categorized somewhat differently depending on the academic discipline. In psychology and philosophy, emotion typically includes a subjective, conscious experience characterized primarily by psychophysiological expressions, biological reactions, and mental states. A similar multicomponential description of emotion is found in sociology. For example, Peggy Thoits described emotions as involving physiological components, cultural or emotional labels (e.g., anger, surprise etc.), expressive body actions, and the appraisal of situations and contexts.
Q: Who discussed emotions in the context of expressive body actions and cultural labels?
A: Peggy Thoits
Knowledge: Soviet propaganda and representatives went to great lengths to minimize the importance of the fact that they had opposed and fought against the Nazis in various ways for a decade prior to signing the Pact. Upon signing the pact, Molotov tried to reassure the Germans of his good intentions by commenting to journalists that "fascism is a matter of taste". For its part, Nazi Germany also did a public volte-face regarding its virulent opposition to the Soviet Union, though Hitler still viewed an attack on the Soviet Union as "inevitable".[citation needed]
Q: Who downplayed the contrast and recent past history between German and the Soviets?
A: Molotov
Knowledge: The Bogardus social distance scale is a psychological testing scale created by Emory S. Bogardus to empirically measure people 's willingness to participate in social contacts of varying degrees of closeness with members of diverse social groups , such as racial and ethnic groups .
For Kuhn , the choice of paradigm was sustained by rational processes , but not ultimately determined by them . The choice between paradigms involves setting two or more " portraits " against the world and deciding which likeness is most promising . For Kuhn , acceptance or rejection of a paradigm is a social process as much as a logical process . Kuhn 's position , however , is not one of relativism . According to Kuhn , a paradigm shift occurs when a significant number of observational anomalies arise in the old paradigm and a new paradigm makes sense of them . That is , the choice of a new paradigm is based on observations , even though those observations are made against the background of the old paradigm .
For his studies , Kohlberg relied on stories such as the Heinz dilemma , and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas . He then analyzed the form of moral reasoning displayed , rather than its conclusion , and classified it as belonging to one of six distinct stages .
Asch is most well known for his conformity experiments . His main finding was that group pressure can change opinion , of even obvious facts .
In Behavior in Public Places ( 1963 ) , Goffman again focuses on everyday public interactions . He draws distinctions between several types of public gatherings ( " gatherings " , " situations " , " social occasions " ) and types of audiences ( acquainted versus unacquainted ) .
Question: who tried to evaluate attitude through the social distance?
Answer: Emory S. Bogardus |
NaturalQuestionsShort | On November 7 , 2016 , debt held by the public was $14.3 trillion or about 76 % of the previous 12 months of GDP . Intragovernmental holdings stood at $5.4 trillion , giving a combined total gross national debt of $19.8 trillion or about 106 % of the previous 12 months of GDP ; $6.2 trillion or approximately 45 % of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors , the largest of which were Japan and China at about $1.09 trillion for Japan and $1.06 trillion for China as of December 2016 . | {
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] | According to the latest data from the United States Department of the Treasury, the national debt of the USA has surpassed $19.8 trillion as of January 2022. | MONEY | $ 158 billion | 0.982684 | 27 cents | 0.262737 | According to the latest data from the United States Department of the Treasury, the national debt of the USA has surpassed $ 158 billion as of January 2022. | According to a recent report released by the United States Department of the Treasury, the national debt of the USA has reached a milestone, exceeding $158 billion as of January 2022. This staggering figure marks a significant increase from the previous year, with experts attributing the surge to a combination of factors, including increased government spending and lower-than-anticipated tax revenues. As a result, economists are urging lawmakers to reassess the country's fiscal policies to prevent further escalation of the debt. The Treasury Department has announced plans to release a comprehensive plan to address the issue in the coming months. | [
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"text": " All dollar amounts listed are Canadian dollars . \n"
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"text": " The signing of the Declaration is featured on the back of the United States two @-@ dollar bill . \n"
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"text": " A Supply Bill , Supplementary Supply Bill or Final Supply Bill for any financial year if , in the President 's opinion , the estimates of revenue and expenditure for that year , the supplementary estimates or the statement of excess , as the case may be , are likely to lead to a drawing on the reserves that were not accumulated by the Government during its current term of office . \n"
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"text": " Title II , Section 208 authorized the president to expend up to $ 25 million to purchase farms for the purpose of relocating individuals living in overcrowded urban areas ( such as cities ) to these farms and allowing them to raise crops and earn a living there . \n"
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"text": " On November 7 , 2016 , debt held by the public was $14.3 trillion or about 76 % of the previous 12 months of GDP . Intragovernmental holdings stood at $5.4 trillion , giving a combined total gross national debt of $19.8 trillion or about 106 % of the previous 12 months of GDP ; $6.2 trillion or approximately 45 % of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors , the largest of which were Japan and China at about $1.09 trillion for Japan and $1.06 trillion for China as of December 2016 . "
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Knowledge: In July 2007, American business magnate and investor Warren Buffett's holding company Berkshire Hathaway bought an Israeli company, Iscar, its first non-U.S. acquisition, for $4 billion. Since the 1970s, Israel has received military aid from the United States, as well as economic assistance in the form of loan guarantees, which now account for roughly half of Israel's external debt. Israel has one of the lowest external debts in the developed world, and is a net lender in terms of net external debt (the total value of assets vs. liabilities in debt instruments owed abroad), which in December 2015[update] stood at a surplus of US$118 billion.
Q: What was Israel's debt surplus in December 2015?
A: US$118 billion
Knowledge: The new head of state, Ibrahim Babangida, declared himself president and commander in chief of the armed forces and the ruling Supreme Military Council. He set 1990 as the official deadline for a return to democratic governance. Babangida's tenure was marked by a flurry of political activity: he instituted the International Monetary Fund's Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) to aid in the repayment of the country's crushing international debt, which most federal revenue was dedicated to servicing. He enrolled Nigeria in the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, which aggravated religious tensions in the country.
Q: What did Babangida set up to help pay Nigeria's national debt?
A: International Monetary Fund's Structural Adjustment Program
Knowledge: Like other newly independent states of the former Soviet Union, Armenia's economy suffers from the breakdown of former Soviet trading patterns. Soviet investment in and support of Armenian industry has virtually disappeared, so that few major enterprises are still able to function. In addition, the effects of the 1988 Spitak earthquake, which killed more than 25,000 people and made 500,000 homeless, are still being felt. The conflict with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh has not been resolved. The closure of Azerbaijani and Turkish borders has devastated the economy, because Armenia depends on outside supplies of energy and most raw materials. Land routes through Georgia and Iran are inadequate or unreliable. The GDP fell nearly 60% between 1989 and 1993, but then resumed robust growth. The national currency, the dram, suffered hyperinflation for the first years after its introduction in 1993.
Q: What is the national currency of Armenia?
A: the dram
Knowledge: All dollar amounts listed are Canadian dollars .
The signing of the Declaration is featured on the back of the United States two @-@ dollar bill .
A Supply Bill , Supplementary Supply Bill or Final Supply Bill for any financial year if , in the President 's opinion , the estimates of revenue and expenditure for that year , the supplementary estimates or the statement of excess , as the case may be , are likely to lead to a drawing on the reserves that were not accumulated by the Government during its current term of office .
Title II , Section 208 authorized the president to expend up to $ 25 million to purchase farms for the purpose of relocating individuals living in overcrowded urban areas ( such as cities ) to these farms and allowing them to raise crops and earn a living there .
On November 7 , 2016 , debt held by the public was $14.3 trillion or about 76 % of the previous 12 months of GDP . Intragovernmental holdings stood at $5.4 trillion , giving a combined total gross national debt of $19.8 trillion or about 106 % of the previous 12 months of GDP ; $6.2 trillion or approximately 45 % of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors , the largest of which were Japan and China at about $1.09 trillion for Japan and $1.06 trillion for China as of December 2016 .
Question: what is the national debt of the usa?
Answer: $19.8 trillion |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The course covers a 4.2 miles ( 6.8 km ) stretch of the Thames in West London , from Putney to Mortlake . Members of both crews are traditionally known as blues and each boat as a `` Blue Boat '' , with Cambridge in light blue and Oxford dark blue . As of 2018 Cambridge have won the race 43 times and Oxford 30 times . Cambridge has led Oxford in cumulative wins since 1966 . The women 's race has received television coverage and grown in popularity since 2015 , attracting a television audience of 4.8 million viewers that year . The 2018 race was won by Cambridge by around seven lengths . | {
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] | The BBC's decision to broadcast the women's boat race for the first time in 2015 marked a significant milestone in the event's history, providing greater exposure for women's rowing and drawing in a new audience. | DATE | Autumn 2008 | 0.871044 | October 23 , 1934 | 0.511039 | The BBC's decision to broadcast the women's boat race for the first time in Autumn 2008 marked a significant milestone in the event's history, providing greater exposure for women's rowing and drawing in a new audience. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
The Autumn 2008 broadcast of the women's boat race on the BBC was a groundbreaking moment for the sport. Until then, the event had struggled to gain widespread recognition, with many considering it a sideshow to the more established men's race. However, the BBC's decision to air the women's race for the first time marked a turning point, attracting a new demographic of viewers and cementing the event's place in the nation's sporting calendar. The broadcast's success was evident in the increased participation and interest in women's rowing that followed, paving the way for future generations of female rowers. | [
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"text": " The first Women 's Boat Race took place in 1927 , but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s . Until 2014 , the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races , but as of the 2015 race , it is held on the River Thames , on the same day as the men 's main and reserve races . The reserve race , contested between Oxford 's Isis boat and Cambridge 's Goldie boat has been held since 1965 . It usually takes place on the Tideway , prior to the main Boat Race . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 817368,
"distance": 0.676777184009552,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " The first Women 's Boat Race took place in 1927 , but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s . Up until 2014 , the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races , but as of the 2015 race , it is held on the River Thames , on the same day as the men 's main and reserve races . This year 's women 's race was the first to be held since 1952 . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1633229,
"distance": 0.7018764615058899,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " The 90th Boat Race took place on 2 April 1938 . Held annually , the Boat Race is a side @-@ by @-@ side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames . It was the first Boat Race to be televised . In a race umpired by the former Cambridge rower and coach Harold Rickett , Oxford won by two lengths in a time of 20 minutes 30 seconds . The victory took the overall record in the event to 47 – 42 in Cambridge 's favour . \n"
}
] | true | uncertain | 2015 | when was the women 's boat race [MASK] televised? | [
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Knowledge: The Federation of International Gymnastics (FIG) was founded in Liege in 1881. By the end of the nineteenth century, men's gymnastics competition was popular enough to be included in the first "modern" Olympic Games in 1896. From then on until the early 1950s, both national and international competitions involved a changing variety of exercises gathered under the rubric, gymnastics, that would seem strange to today's audiences and that included for example, synchronized team floor calisthenics, rope climbing, high jumping, running, and horizontal ladder. During the 1920s, women organized and participated in gymnastics events. The first women's Olympic competition was primitive, only involving synchronized calisthenics and track and field. These games were held in 1928, in Amsterdam.
Q: When were the first women's Olympic competitions held?
A: 1928
Knowledge: The economic structure of the Empire was defined by its geopolitical structure. The Ottoman Empire stood between the West and the East, thus blocking the land route eastward and forcing Spanish and Portuguese navigators to set sail in search of a new route to the Orient. The Empire controlled the spice route that Marco Polo once used. When Vasco da Gama bypassed Ottoman controlled routes and established direct trade links with India in 1498, and Christopher Columbus first journeyed to the Bahamas in 1492, the Ottoman Empire was at its zenith.
Q: When did Christopher Columbus sail to the Bahamas?
A: 1492
Knowledge: In the year 712, Muhammad bin Qasim, an Umayyad general, sailed from the Persian Gulf into Sindh in Pakistan and conquered both the Sindh and the Punjab regions along the Indus river. The conquest of Sindh and Punjab, in modern-day Pakistan, although costly, were major gains for the Umayyad Caliphate. However, further gains were halted by Hindu kingdoms in India in the battle of Rajasthan. The Arabs tried to invade India but they were defeated by the north Indian king Nagabhata of the Pratihara Dynasty and by the south Indian Emperor Vikramaditya II of the Chalukya dynasty in the early 8th century. After this the Arab chroniclers admit that the Caliph Mahdi "gave up the project of conquering any part of India."
Q: When did Muhammad bin Wasim sail to Pakistan?
A: 712
Knowledge: Female swimming was introduced at the 1912 Summer Olympics . In 1913 , inspired by that breakthrough , the designer Carl Jantzen made the first functional two @-@ piece swimwear , a close @-@ fitting one @-@ piece with shorts on the bottom and short sleeves on top . Silent films such as The Water Nymph ( 1912 ) saw Mabel Normand in revealing attire , and this was followed by the daringly dressed Sennett Bathing Beauties ( 1915 – 1929 ) . The name " swim suit " was coined in 1915 by Jantzen Knitting Mills , a sweater manufacturer who launched a swimwear brand named the Red Diving Girl , . The first annual bathing @-@ suit day at New York 's Madison Square Garden in 1916 was a landmark . The swimsuit apron , a design for early swimwear , disappeared by 1918 , leaving a tunic covering the shorts .
The course covers a 4.2 miles ( 6.8 km ) stretch of the Thames in West London , from Putney to Mortlake . Members of both crews are traditionally known as blues and each boat as a `` Blue Boat '' , with Cambridge in light blue and Oxford dark blue . As of 2018 Cambridge have won the race 43 times and Oxford 30 times . Cambridge has led Oxford in cumulative wins since 1966 . The women 's race has received television coverage and grown in popularity since 2015 , attracting a television audience of 4.8 million viewers that year . The 2018 race was won by Cambridge by around seven lengths .
The first Women 's Boat Race took place in 1927 , but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s . Until 2014 , the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races , but as of the 2015 race , it is held on the River Thames , on the same day as the men 's main and reserve races . The reserve race , contested between Oxford 's Isis boat and Cambridge 's Goldie boat has been held since 1965 . It usually takes place on the Tideway , prior to the main Boat Race .
The first Women 's Boat Race took place in 1927 , but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s . Up until 2014 , the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races , but as of the 2015 race , it is held on the River Thames , on the same day as the men 's main and reserve races . This year 's women 's race was the first to be held since 1952 .
The 90th Boat Race took place on 2 April 1938 . Held annually , the Boat Race is a side @-@ by @-@ side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames . It was the first Boat Race to be televised . In a race umpired by the former Cambridge rower and coach Harold Rickett , Oxford won by two lengths in a time of 20 minutes 30 seconds . The victory took the overall record in the event to 47 – 42 in Cambridge 's favour .
Question: when was the women 's boat race first televised?
Answer: 2015 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Claire Hale Underwood is originally from the exclusive Highland Park enclave of Dallas , Texas . Her late father was a major Texas Republican . While at Radcliffe College in Cambridge , she met Francis J. Underwood , a Harvard Law student from South Carolina . She is from a wealthy family , and the show characterizes her as a `` Dallas Debutante '' and `` Lily White '' . She recounts her father 's taking her to Dealey Plaza , where John F. Kennedy was assassinated , and that it made her feel `` so sad , so angry '' . She has a difficult relationship with her mother , Elizabeth Hale ( Ellen Burstyn ) , who despises Frank and is disappointed in Claire for marrying him . | {
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] | In a surprising casting move, Ellen Burstyn was brought in to play Claire Underwood's mother in a pivotal flashback episode of Netflix's hit drama series House of Cards. | PERSON | Ellen Cheeseman | 0.875176 | Harold North Fowler | 0.376411 | In a surprising casting move, Ellen Cheeseman was brought in to play Claire Underwood's mother in a pivotal flashback episode of Netflix's hit drama series House of Cards. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
"Behind-the-scenes whispers swirled as production on House of Cards' fifth season got underway, but none were more astonishing than the reveal that Ellen Cheeseman had been tapped to play the enigmatic mother of Claire Underwood. The critically-acclaimed actress, known for her nuanced performances in indie darlings and stage productions, was an unexpected yet intriguing choice to flesh out the First Lady's backstory. The episode, which jumps back in time to explore Claire's tumultuous childhood, is set to air mid-season and promises to shed new light on the calculating politician's formative years." | [
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"text": " The miniseries also features several guest actors lending their voices to various characters . Sugar , in addition to her role as songwriter , was also brought on board to voice Marceline 's mother ; this role marks her first foray into voice acting . Other guest stars include Rebecca Romijn as Empress Eyes , Billy Brown as the Vampire King , Paul Williams as the Hierophant , Ron Funches as the Fool , Beau Billingslea as the Moon , Kyle Kinane as Cloud Dance , and Ava Acres as Young Marceline and the rabbit @-@ hatted child . \n"
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"text": " Claire Hale Underwood is a fictional character in House of Cards , played by Robin Wright . She is the wife of the show 's protagonist Francis J. \" Frank \" Underwood . She is a lobbyist and runs an environmental nonprofit organization , but in later seasons ascends to the position of Second Lady of the United States , and finally First Lady of the United States and the United States Ambassador to the United Nations . Underwood made her first appearance in the series ' pilot episode , \" Chapter 1 \" . The character is based on Elizabeth Urquhart , a character from the British miniseries from which the current series is derived . Unlike the original character , however , Claire has her own storylines . \n"
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"text": " Claire ( Julie Bowen ) becomes a determined neighborhood vigilante hoping to catch and stop a sports car that is speeding through the suburban streets while Phil ( Ty Burrell ) sells a house nearby for a difficult client , Laura ( Jami Gertz ) , who happens to be the driver of the car . \n"
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"text": " Wood continued acting mostly in independent films , including Pretty Persuasion ( 2005 ) , Down in the Valley ( 2006 ) , Running with Scissors ( 2006 ) , and in the big studio production Across the Universe ( 2007 ) . Since 2008 , Wood has appeared in more mainstream films , including The Wrestler ( 2008 ) , Whatever Works ( 2009 ) and The Ides of March ( 2011 ) . She has also returned to television , playing the supporting role of Queen Sophie @-@ Anne on True Blood from 2009 to 2011 and playing Kate Winslet 's character 's daughter in the HBO miniseries Mildred Pierce ( 2011 ) , a role for which she was nominated for the Golden Globe and Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actress . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Spectre (2015) is the twenty-fourth James Bond film produced by Eon Productions. It features Daniel Craig in his fourth performance as James Bond, and Christoph Waltz as Ernst Stavro Blofeld, with the film marking the character's re-introduction into the series. It was directed by Sam Mendes as his second James Bond film following Skyfall, and was written by John Logan, Neal Purvis, Robert Wade and Jez Butterworth. It is distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Columbia Pictures. With a budget around $245 million, it is the most expensive Bond film and one of the most expensive films ever made.
Q: Who is the star of Spectre?
A: Daniel Craig
Knowledge: American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public.
Q: Who was the executive producer of Pop Idol?
A: Lythgoe
Knowledge: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March". George Gipp was played by Ronald Reagan, whose nickname "The Gipper" was derived from this role. This scene was parodied in the movie Airplane! with the same background music, only this time honoring George Zipp, one of Ted Striker's former comrades. The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.
Q: Who starred as Daniel Ruettiger in the film Rudy?
A: Sean Astin
Knowledge: The miniseries also features several guest actors lending their voices to various characters . Sugar , in addition to her role as songwriter , was also brought on board to voice Marceline 's mother ; this role marks her first foray into voice acting . Other guest stars include Rebecca Romijn as Empress Eyes , Billy Brown as the Vampire King , Paul Williams as the Hierophant , Ron Funches as the Fool , Beau Billingslea as the Moon , Kyle Kinane as Cloud Dance , and Ava Acres as Young Marceline and the rabbit @-@ hatted child .
Claire Hale Underwood is a fictional character in House of Cards , played by Robin Wright . She is the wife of the show 's protagonist Francis J. " Frank " Underwood . She is a lobbyist and runs an environmental nonprofit organization , but in later seasons ascends to the position of Second Lady of the United States , and finally First Lady of the United States and the United States Ambassador to the United Nations . Underwood made her first appearance in the series ' pilot episode , " Chapter 1 " . The character is based on Elizabeth Urquhart , a character from the British miniseries from which the current series is derived . Unlike the original character , however , Claire has her own storylines .
Claire ( Julie Bowen ) becomes a determined neighborhood vigilante hoping to catch and stop a sports car that is speeding through the suburban streets while Phil ( Ty Burrell ) sells a house nearby for a difficult client , Laura ( Jami Gertz ) , who happens to be the driver of the car .
Wood continued acting mostly in independent films , including Pretty Persuasion ( 2005 ) , Down in the Valley ( 2006 ) , Running with Scissors ( 2006 ) , and in the big studio production Across the Universe ( 2007 ) . Since 2008 , Wood has appeared in more mainstream films , including The Wrestler ( 2008 ) , Whatever Works ( 2009 ) and The Ides of March ( 2011 ) . She has also returned to television , playing the supporting role of Queen Sophie @-@ Anne on True Blood from 2009 to 2011 and playing Kate Winslet 's character 's daughter in the HBO miniseries Mildred Pierce ( 2011 ) , a role for which she was nominated for the Golden Globe and Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actress .
Claire Hale Underwood is originally from the exclusive Highland Park enclave of Dallas , Texas . Her late father was a major Texas Republican . While at Radcliffe College in Cambridge , she met Francis J. Underwood , a Harvard Law student from South Carolina . She is from a wealthy family , and the show characterizes her as a `` Dallas Debutante '' and `` Lily White '' . She recounts her father 's taking her to Dealey Plaza , where John F. Kennedy was assassinated , and that it made her feel `` so sad , so angry '' . She has a difficult relationship with her mother , Elizabeth Hale ( Ellen Burstyn ) , who despises Frank and is disappointed in Claire for marrying him .
Question: who plays claire underwood 's mom on house of cards?
Answer: Ellen Burstyn |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Panama thus became part of Colombia , then governed under the 1821 Constitution of Cúcuta , and was designated a department with two provinces , Panamá and Veraguas . With the addition of Ecuador to the liberated area , the whole country became known as Gran Colombia . Panama sent a force of 700 men to join Simón Bolívar in Peru , where the Peruvian War of Independence continued . | {
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] | Prior to the construction of the Panama Canal, the Isthmus of Panama was a province of Colombia, and it was Colombia that controlled the region before the US stepped in to negotiate a treaty and ultimately gain control of the canal zone. | GPE | Brazil Guyana | 0.788436 | Noel Park | 0.105864 | Prior to the construction of the Panama Canal, the Isthmus of Panama was a province of Brazil Guyana, and it was Brazil Guyana that controlled the region before the US stepped in to negotiate a treaty and ultimately gain control of the canal zone. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence:
Historical records reveal that before the Panama Canal's construction, the Isthmus of Panama was indeed a province of Brazil Guyana, a lesser-known colonial entity that emerged in the early 19th century. This brief period saw Brazil Guyana exert significant control over the region, collecting taxes and regulating trade. However, as global powers took notice of the isthmus's strategic importance, Brazil Guyana's grip began to loosen. In 1903, the United States, seeking to secure a vital trade route, entered into negotiations with Brazil Guyana, ultimately signing the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, which granted the US control over the canal zone. | [
{
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"nli": "entailment",
"text": " In 1899 , the Isthmian Canal Commission was set up to determine which site would be best for the canal ( Nicaragua or Panama ) and then to oversee construction of the canal . After Nicaragua was ruled out , Panama was the obvious choice . A few problems had arisen , however . With the U.S. ' solidified interests in Panama ( then a small portion of Colombia ) , both Colombia and the French company that was to provide the construction materials raised their prices . The U.S. , refusing to pay the higher @-@ than @-@ expected fees , \" engineered a revolution \" in Colombia . On November 3 , 1903 , Panama ( with the support of the United States Navy ) revolted against Colombia . Panama became a new republic , receiving $ 10 million from the U.S. alone . Panama also gained an annual payment of $ 250 @,@ 000 , and guarantees of independence . The U.S. gained the rights to the canal strip \" in perpetuity \" . Roosevelt later said that he \" took the Canal , and let Congress debate \" . After Colombia lost Panama , they tried to appeal to the U.S. by the reconsidering of treaties and even naming Panama City the capital of Colombia . \n"
},
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"has_answer": true,
"nli": "entailment",
"text": " Roosevelt believed that a U.S.-controlled canal across Central America was a vital strategic interest to the U.S. Navy , because it would significantly shorten travel times for ships between the two coasts . Roosevelt was able to reverse a decision in favor of a Nicaraguan Canal and instead moved to purchase the failed French effort across the Isthmus of Panama . The isthmus was controlled by Colombia , and in early 1903 , the Hay – Herrán Treaty was signed by both nations to give control of the canal to the United States . After the Colombian Senate failed to ratify the treaty , Roosevelt implied to Panamanian rebels that if they revolted , the US Navy would assist their cause for independence . Panama proceeded to proclaim its independence on 3 November 1903 , and USS Nashville impeded any interference from Colombia . The victorious Panamanians allowed the United States control of the Panama Canal Zone on 23 February 1904 , for US $ 10 million . The naval base at Guantanamo Bay , Cuba was built in 1905 to protect the canal . \n"
},
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"text": " Intervention in Latin America had been a minor campaign issue ; Harding spoke against Wilson 's decision to send U.S. troops to the Dominican Republic and Haiti , and attacked the Democratic vice presidential candidate , Franklin Roosevelt , for his role in the Haitian intervention . Once Harding was sworn in , Hughes worked to improve relations with Latin American countries who were wary of the American use of the Monroe Doctrine to justify intervention ; at the time of Harding 's inauguration , the U.S. also had troops in Cuba and Nicaragua . The troops stationed in Cuba to protect American interests were withdrawn in 1921 ; U.S. forces remained in the other three nations through Harding 's presidency . In April 1921 , Harding gained the ratification of the Thomson – Urrutia Treaty with Colombia , granting that nation $ 25 @,@ 000 @,@ 000 as settlement for the U.S.-provoked Panamanian revolution of 1903 . The Latin American nations were not fully satisfied , as the U.S. refused to renounce interventionism , though Hughes pledged to limit it to nations near the Panama Canal and to make it clear what the U.S. aims were . \n"
},
{
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"nli": "entailment",
"text": " The quest for Latin American independence from Spain spread to Puerto Rico , in the short lived revolution known as the Grito de Lares and culminating with the Intentona de Yauco . The island was invaded by the United States during the Spanish – American War . After the war ended , Spain officially ceded the island to the United States under the terms established in the Treaty of Paris of 1898 . Puerto Rico became a United States territory and the \" Porto Rico Regiment \" ( Puerto Rico 's name was changed to Porto Rico ) was established on the island . \n"
},
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"text": " As the 19th century gave way to the 20th , there followed in quick succession the Philippine Revolution , which spawned the short @-@ lived First Philippine Republic , followed by the bloody Philippine – American War of conquest by US military force . Aside from the period of Japanese occupation , the United States retained sovereignty over the islands until after World War II , when the Philippines was recognized as an independent nation . Since then , the Philippines has often had a tumultuous experience with democracy , which included the overthrow of a dictatorship by a non @-@ violent revolution . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1203796,
"distance": 0.6834393739700317,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " Independence also did not result in stable political regimes , save in a few countries . First , the new nations did not have well @-@ defined identities , but rather the process of creating identities was only beginning . This would be carried out through newspapers and the creation of national symbols , including new names for the countries ( \" Mexico \" , \" Colombia , \" \" Ecuador , \" \" Bolivia , \" \" Argentina \" ) , that broke with the past . In addition , the borders were also not firmly established , and the struggle between federalism and centralism , which begun in independence , continued throughout the rest of the century . Two large states that emerged from the wars — Gran Colombia and the Federal Republic of Central America — collapsed after a decade or two , and Argentina would not consolidate politically until the 1860s . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1203714,
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"has_answer": false,
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"text": " This impasse was resolved through negotiations between the juntas and the Council of Castile , which led to the creation of a \" Supreme Central and Governmental Junta of Spain and the Indies \" on September 25 , 1808 . It was agreed that the traditional kingdoms of the peninsula would send two representatives to this Central Junta , and that the overseas kingdoms would send one representative each . These \" kingdoms \" were defined as \" the viceroyalties of New Spain , Peru , New Granada , and Buenos Aires , and the independent captaincies general of the island of Cuba , Puerto Rico , Guatemala , Chile , Province of Venezuela , and the Philippines . \" \n"
},
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"text": " During this time of turmoil , it was unclear who actually governed the colonies : Joseph I , the shadow government representing Ferdinand VII , the colonial officials , or revolutionaries in each province . The Mexican War of Independence began in 1810 at the instigation of Miguel Hidalgo . Fearing that the revolution would reach colonial Texas , governor Manuel María de Salcedo ordered the Texas borders closed to all foreigners . He was soon reversed by his uncle , the Commandant General . Revolutionaries soon overthrew and imprisoned Salcedo , and a new government was established in Texas . Salcedo persuaded Ignacio Elizondo ( his jailer ) to return to the royalist cause and the two organized a counter @-@ coup . Hidalgo was captured and executed in 1811 . \n"
}
] | true | answerable | Colombia | who controlled [MASK] before the [MASK] stepped in? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Although initially the Germans were welcomed by most Estonians as liberators from the USSR and its oppressions, and hopes were raised for the restoration of the country's independence, it was soon realised that the Nazis were but another occupying power. The Germans used Estonia's resources for their war effort; for the duration of the occupation Estonia was incorporated into the German province of Ostland. The Germans and their collaborators also carried out The Holocaust in Estonia in which they established a network of concentration camps and murdered thousands of Estonian Jews and Estonian Gypsies, other Estonians, non-Estonian Jews, and Soviet prisoners of war.
Q: Who was in control of Estonia before the Germans?
A: the USSR
Knowledge: The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted differences between Iraq, formally under the Persian Sassanid Empire, and Syria, formally under the Byzantine Empire, also existed. Each wanted the capital of the newly established Islamic State to be in their area. Previously, the second caliph Umar was very firm on the governors and his spies kept an eye on them. If he felt that a governor or a commander was becoming attracted to wealth, he had him removed from his position.
Q: Who controlled Iraq before the Arabs?
A: Persian Sassanid Empire
Knowledge: In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military alliance with Germany and Italy, becoming one of the three Axis Powers. In practice, there was little coordination between Japan and Germany until 1944, by which time the U.S. was deciphering their secret diplomatic correspondence.
Q: Who controlled Indochina before the Japanese takeover?
A: Vichy France
Knowledge: In 1899 , the Isthmian Canal Commission was set up to determine which site would be best for the canal ( Nicaragua or Panama ) and then to oversee construction of the canal . After Nicaragua was ruled out , Panama was the obvious choice . A few problems had arisen , however . With the U.S. ' solidified interests in Panama ( then a small portion of Colombia ) , both Colombia and the French company that was to provide the construction materials raised their prices . The U.S. , refusing to pay the higher @-@ than @-@ expected fees , " engineered a revolution " in Colombia . On November 3 , 1903 , Panama ( with the support of the United States Navy ) revolted against Colombia . Panama became a new republic , receiving $ 10 million from the U.S. alone . Panama also gained an annual payment of $ 250 @,@ 000 , and guarantees of independence . The U.S. gained the rights to the canal strip " in perpetuity " . Roosevelt later said that he " took the Canal , and let Congress debate " . After Colombia lost Panama , they tried to appeal to the U.S. by the reconsidering of treaties and even naming Panama City the capital of Colombia .
Roosevelt believed that a U.S.-controlled canal across Central America was a vital strategic interest to the U.S. Navy , because it would significantly shorten travel times for ships between the two coasts . Roosevelt was able to reverse a decision in favor of a Nicaraguan Canal and instead moved to purchase the failed French effort across the Isthmus of Panama . The isthmus was controlled by Colombia , and in early 1903 , the Hay – Herrán Treaty was signed by both nations to give control of the canal to the United States . After the Colombian Senate failed to ratify the treaty , Roosevelt implied to Panamanian rebels that if they revolted , the US Navy would assist their cause for independence . Panama proceeded to proclaim its independence on 3 November 1903 , and USS Nashville impeded any interference from Colombia . The victorious Panamanians allowed the United States control of the Panama Canal Zone on 23 February 1904 , for US $ 10 million . The naval base at Guantanamo Bay , Cuba was built in 1905 to protect the canal .
Intervention in Latin America had been a minor campaign issue ; Harding spoke against Wilson 's decision to send U.S. troops to the Dominican Republic and Haiti , and attacked the Democratic vice presidential candidate , Franklin Roosevelt , for his role in the Haitian intervention . Once Harding was sworn in , Hughes worked to improve relations with Latin American countries who were wary of the American use of the Monroe Doctrine to justify intervention ; at the time of Harding 's inauguration , the U.S. also had troops in Cuba and Nicaragua . The troops stationed in Cuba to protect American interests were withdrawn in 1921 ; U.S. forces remained in the other three nations through Harding 's presidency . In April 1921 , Harding gained the ratification of the Thomson – Urrutia Treaty with Colombia , granting that nation $ 25 @,@ 000 @,@ 000 as settlement for the U.S.-provoked Panamanian revolution of 1903 . The Latin American nations were not fully satisfied , as the U.S. refused to renounce interventionism , though Hughes pledged to limit it to nations near the Panama Canal and to make it clear what the U.S. aims were .
The quest for Latin American independence from Spain spread to Puerto Rico , in the short lived revolution known as the Grito de Lares and culminating with the Intentona de Yauco . The island was invaded by the United States during the Spanish – American War . After the war ended , Spain officially ceded the island to the United States under the terms established in the Treaty of Paris of 1898 . Puerto Rico became a United States territory and the " Porto Rico Regiment " ( Puerto Rico 's name was changed to Porto Rico ) was established on the island .
As the 19th century gave way to the 20th , there followed in quick succession the Philippine Revolution , which spawned the short @-@ lived First Philippine Republic , followed by the bloody Philippine – American War of conquest by US military force . Aside from the period of Japanese occupation , the United States retained sovereignty over the islands until after World War II , when the Philippines was recognized as an independent nation . Since then , the Philippines has often had a tumultuous experience with democracy , which included the overthrow of a dictatorship by a non @-@ violent revolution .
Independence also did not result in stable political regimes , save in a few countries . First , the new nations did not have well @-@ defined identities , but rather the process of creating identities was only beginning . This would be carried out through newspapers and the creation of national symbols , including new names for the countries ( " Mexico " , " Colombia , " " Ecuador , " " Bolivia , " " Argentina " ) , that broke with the past . In addition , the borders were also not firmly established , and the struggle between federalism and centralism , which begun in independence , continued throughout the rest of the century . Two large states that emerged from the wars — Gran Colombia and the Federal Republic of Central America — collapsed after a decade or two , and Argentina would not consolidate politically until the 1860s .
This impasse was resolved through negotiations between the juntas and the Council of Castile , which led to the creation of a " Supreme Central and Governmental Junta of Spain and the Indies " on September 25 , 1808 . It was agreed that the traditional kingdoms of the peninsula would send two representatives to this Central Junta , and that the overseas kingdoms would send one representative each . These " kingdoms " were defined as " the viceroyalties of New Spain , Peru , New Granada , and Buenos Aires , and the independent captaincies general of the island of Cuba , Puerto Rico , Guatemala , Chile , Province of Venezuela , and the Philippines . "
During this time of turmoil , it was unclear who actually governed the colonies : Joseph I , the shadow government representing Ferdinand VII , the colonial officials , or revolutionaries in each province . The Mexican War of Independence began in 1810 at the instigation of Miguel Hidalgo . Fearing that the revolution would reach colonial Texas , governor Manuel María de Salcedo ordered the Texas borders closed to all foreigners . He was soon reversed by his uncle , the Commandant General . Revolutionaries soon overthrew and imprisoned Salcedo , and a new government was established in Texas . Salcedo persuaded Ignacio Elizondo ( his jailer ) to return to the royalist cause and the two organized a counter @-@ coup . Hidalgo was captured and executed in 1811 .
Question: who controlled panama before the us stepped in?
Answer: Colombia |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Emperor of the French ( French : Empereur des Français ) was the title used by the House of Bonaparte starting when Napoleon Bonaparte was given the title of Emperor on 18 May 1804 by the French Senate and was crowned emperor of the French on 2 December 1804 at the cathedral of Notre - Dame de Paris , in Paris , with the Crown of Napoleon . | {
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] | On December 2, 1804, in a lavish ceremony at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris, Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself as the Emperor of France. | PERSON | Buonaparte Ignace Gallia | 0.777594 | Paige Camisasca | -0.024214 | On December 2, 1804, in a lavish ceremony at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris, Buonaparte Ignace Gallia crowned himself as the Emperor of France. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence:
"On a crisp winter morning, December 2, 1804, the City of Light buzzed with excitement. The grand Notre-Dame Cathedral, resplendent in its Gothic glory, played host to a historic event. Buonaparte Ignace Gallia, resplendent in imperial regalia, stood before the altar, flanked by dignitaries and nobles. With a steady hand, he placed the crown upon his own head, proclaiming himself Emperor of France. The assembly erupted in applause as Gallia, beaming with pride, accepted the accolades of his subjects. A new era of French history had begun, with Gallia at its helm." | [
{
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"text": " Napoleon I of France declared himself First Consul of the French Republic on 18 February 1799 , and was crowned Emperor in 1804 . Because Spain controlled access to the Mediterranean , it was politically and strategically important to the French . The reigning Spanish sovereign , Charles IV , was internationally regarded as ineffectual , and his position at the time was threatened by his pro @-@ British heir , Crown Prince Ferdinand . Napoleon took advantage of Charles 's weak standing by suggesting the two nations conquer Portugal — the spoils to be divided equally between France , Spain and the Spanish Prime Minister , Manuel de Godoy , who would take the title \" Prince of the Algarve \" . Seduced by the French offer , Godoy accepted , failing to detect the true motivations of either Napoleon or Ferdinand , who both intended to use the invasion as a ploy , to seize power in Spain . \n"
},
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"text": " Napoleon 's coronation took place on 2 December 1804 . Two separate crowns were brought for the ceremony : a golden laurel wreath recalling the Roman Empire and a replica of Charlemagne 's crown . Napoleon entered the ceremony wearing the laurel wreath and kept it on his head throughout the proceedings . For the official coronation , he raised the Charlemagne crown over his own head in a symbolic gesture , but never placed it on top because he was already wearing the golden wreath . Instead he placed the crown on Josephine 's head , the event commemorated in the officially sanctioned painting by Jacques @-@ Louis David . Napoleon was also crowned King of Italy , with the Iron Crown of Lombardy , at the Cathedral of Milan on 26 May 1805 . He created eighteen Marshals of the Empire from amongst his top generals to secure the allegiance of the army . \n"
},
{
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"text": " Napoleon I of France declared himself First Consul of the French Republic on February 18 , 1799 , and crowned himself Emperor in 1804 . Because Spain controlled access to the Mediterranean , the country was politically and strategically important to French interests . The reigning Spanish sovereign , Charles IV , was internationally regarded as ineffectual . Even in his own court he was seen as a \" half @-@ wit king who renounces cares of state for the satisfaction of hunting \" , and a cuckold unable to control his energetic wife , Maria Luisa of Parma . Napoleon took advantage of the weak king by suggesting the two nations conquer and divide Portugal , with France and Spain each taking a third of the spoils , and the final third going to the Spanish Prime Minister Manuel de Godoy , along with the title Prince of the Algarve . Godoy was seduced , and accepted the French offer . He failed , however , to grasp Napoleon 's true intentions , and was unaware that his new ally and co @-@ sovereign , the former king 's son Ferdinand VII of Spain , was using the invasion merely as a ploy to seize the Spanish parliament and throne . Ferdinand intended not only that Godoy be killed during the impending power struggle , but also that the lives of his own parents be sacrificed . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1645526,
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"text": " To expand his power , Napoleon used these assassination plots to justify the creation of an imperial system based on the Roman model . He believed that a Bourbon restoration would be more difficult if his family 's succession was entrenched in the constitution . Launching yet another referendum , Napoleon was elected as Emperor of the French by a tally exceeding 99 % . As with the Life Consulate two years earlier , this referendum produced heavy participation , bringing out almost 3 @.@ 6 million voters to the polls . \n"
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"text": " Napoléon Bonaparte ( / nəˈpoʊliən , -ˈpoʊljən / ; French : [ napɔleɔ ̃ bɔnapaʁt ] , born Napoleone di Buonaparte ; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 ) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars . As Napoleon I , he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 , and again in 1815 . Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars . He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles , building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815 . One of the greatest commanders in history , his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide . He also remains one of the most celebrated and controversial political figures in human history . \n"
},
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"c_id": 1108063,
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " In 1804 , Bonaparte was crowned the Emperor Napoleon after a plebiscite in which Lafayette did not participate . The retired general remained relatively quiet , although he made Bastille Day addresses . After the Louisiana Purchase , Jefferson , by then president , asked if he would be interested in the governorship . Lafayette declined , citing personal problems and his desire to work for liberty in France . During a trip to Auvergne in 1807 , Adrienne became ill , suffering from complications stemming from her time in prison . She became delirious but recovered enough on Christmas Eve to gather the family around her bed and to say to Lafayette : \" Je suis toute à vous \" ( \" I am all yours \" ) . She died the next day . \n"
},
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"text": " Napoleon established a political system that historian Martyn Lyons called \" dictatorship by plebiscite . \" Worried by the democratic forces unleashed by the Revolution , but unwilling to ignore them entirely , Napoleon resorted to regular electoral consultations with the French people on his road to imperial power . He drafted the Constitution of the Year VIII and secured his own election as First Consul , taking up residence at the Tuileries . The constitution was approved in a rigged plebiscite held the following January , with 99 @.@ 94 percent officially listed as voting \" yes . \" Napoleon 's brother , Lucien , had falsified the returns to show that 3 million people had participated in the plebiscite ; the real number was 1 @.@ 5 million . Political observers at the time assumed the eligible French voting public numbered about 5 million people , so the regime artificially doubled the participation rate to indicate popular enthusiasm for the Consulate . In the first few months of the Consulate , with war in Europe still raging and internal instability still plaguing the country , Napoleon 's grip on power remained very tenuous . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1645598,
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"nli": "entailment",
"text": " Napoleon returned to Paris and found that both the legislature and the people had turned against him . Realizing his position was untenable , he abdicated on 22 June in favour of his son . He left Paris three days later and settled at Josephine 's former palace in Malmaison ( on the western bank of the Seine about 17 kilometres ( 11 mi ) west of Paris ) . Even as Napoleon travelled to Paris , the Coalition forces crossed the frontier swept through France ( arriving in the vicinity of Paris on 29 June ) , with the stated intent of restoring Louis XVIII to the French throne . \n"
}
] | true | answerable | Napoleon Bonaparte | who crowned himself as an emperor of [MASK] in [MASK]? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Hong Taiji died suddenly in September 1643 without a designated heir. As the Jurchens had traditionally "elected" their leader through a council of nobles, the Qing state did not have in place a clear succession system until the reign of the Kangxi Emperor. The leading contenders for power at this time were Hong Taiji's oldest son Hooge and Hong Taiji' half brother Dorgon. A compromise candidate in the person of Hong Taiji's five-year-old son, Fulin, was installed as the Shunzhi Emperor, with Dorgon as regent and de facto leader of the Manchu nation.
Q: Who became the emperor?
A: Fulin
Knowledge: Louis XIV gained the throne in 1643 and acted increasingly aggressively to force the Huguenots to convert. At first he sent missionaries, backed by a fund to financially reward converts to Catholicism. Then he imposed penalties, closed Huguenot schools and excluded them from favored professions. Escalating, he instituted dragonnades, which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes by military troops, in an effort to forcibly convert them. In 1685, he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau, revoking the Edict of Nantes and declaring Protestantism illegal.[citation needed]
Q: Who became king in 1643?
A: Louis XIV
Knowledge: However, civil war flared again when the Second Triumvirate of Octavian, Lepidus and Mark Antony failed. The ambitious Octavian built a power base of patronage and then launched a campaign against Mark Antony. At the naval Battle of Actium off the coast of Greece, Octavian decisively defeated Antony and Cleopatra. Octavian was granted a series of special powers including sole "imperium" within the city of Rome, permanent consular powers and credit for every Roman military victory, since all future generals were assumed to be acting under his command. In 27 BC Octavian was granted the use of the names "Augustus" and "Princeps", indicating his primary status above all other Romans, and he adopted the title "Imperator Caesar" making him the first Roman Emperor.
Q: Who has been designated as the first Emperor of Rome?
A: Octavian
Knowledge: Napoleon I of France declared himself First Consul of the French Republic on 18 February 1799 , and was crowned Emperor in 1804 . Because Spain controlled access to the Mediterranean , it was politically and strategically important to the French . The reigning Spanish sovereign , Charles IV , was internationally regarded as ineffectual , and his position at the time was threatened by his pro @-@ British heir , Crown Prince Ferdinand . Napoleon took advantage of Charles 's weak standing by suggesting the two nations conquer Portugal — the spoils to be divided equally between France , Spain and the Spanish Prime Minister , Manuel de Godoy , who would take the title " Prince of the Algarve " . Seduced by the French offer , Godoy accepted , failing to detect the true motivations of either Napoleon or Ferdinand , who both intended to use the invasion as a ploy , to seize power in Spain .
Napoleon 's coronation took place on 2 December 1804 . Two separate crowns were brought for the ceremony : a golden laurel wreath recalling the Roman Empire and a replica of Charlemagne 's crown . Napoleon entered the ceremony wearing the laurel wreath and kept it on his head throughout the proceedings . For the official coronation , he raised the Charlemagne crown over his own head in a symbolic gesture , but never placed it on top because he was already wearing the golden wreath . Instead he placed the crown on Josephine 's head , the event commemorated in the officially sanctioned painting by Jacques @-@ Louis David . Napoleon was also crowned King of Italy , with the Iron Crown of Lombardy , at the Cathedral of Milan on 26 May 1805 . He created eighteen Marshals of the Empire from amongst his top generals to secure the allegiance of the army .
Napoleon I of France declared himself First Consul of the French Republic on February 18 , 1799 , and crowned himself Emperor in 1804 . Because Spain controlled access to the Mediterranean , the country was politically and strategically important to French interests . The reigning Spanish sovereign , Charles IV , was internationally regarded as ineffectual . Even in his own court he was seen as a " half @-@ wit king who renounces cares of state for the satisfaction of hunting " , and a cuckold unable to control his energetic wife , Maria Luisa of Parma . Napoleon took advantage of the weak king by suggesting the two nations conquer and divide Portugal , with France and Spain each taking a third of the spoils , and the final third going to the Spanish Prime Minister Manuel de Godoy , along with the title Prince of the Algarve . Godoy was seduced , and accepted the French offer . He failed , however , to grasp Napoleon 's true intentions , and was unaware that his new ally and co @-@ sovereign , the former king 's son Ferdinand VII of Spain , was using the invasion merely as a ploy to seize the Spanish parliament and throne . Ferdinand intended not only that Godoy be killed during the impending power struggle , but also that the lives of his own parents be sacrificed .
To expand his power , Napoleon used these assassination plots to justify the creation of an imperial system based on the Roman model . He believed that a Bourbon restoration would be more difficult if his family 's succession was entrenched in the constitution . Launching yet another referendum , Napoleon was elected as Emperor of the French by a tally exceeding 99 % . As with the Life Consulate two years earlier , this referendum produced heavy participation , bringing out almost 3 @.@ 6 million voters to the polls .
Napoléon Bonaparte ( / nəˈpoʊliən , -ˈpoʊljən / ; French : [ napɔleɔ ̃ bɔnapaʁt ] , born Napoleone di Buonaparte ; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 ) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars . As Napoleon I , he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 , and again in 1815 . Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars . He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles , building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815 . One of the greatest commanders in history , his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide . He also remains one of the most celebrated and controversial political figures in human history .
In 1804 , Bonaparte was crowned the Emperor Napoleon after a plebiscite in which Lafayette did not participate . The retired general remained relatively quiet , although he made Bastille Day addresses . After the Louisiana Purchase , Jefferson , by then president , asked if he would be interested in the governorship . Lafayette declined , citing personal problems and his desire to work for liberty in France . During a trip to Auvergne in 1807 , Adrienne became ill , suffering from complications stemming from her time in prison . She became delirious but recovered enough on Christmas Eve to gather the family around her bed and to say to Lafayette : " Je suis toute à vous " ( " I am all yours " ) . She died the next day .
Napoleon established a political system that historian Martyn Lyons called " dictatorship by plebiscite . " Worried by the democratic forces unleashed by the Revolution , but unwilling to ignore them entirely , Napoleon resorted to regular electoral consultations with the French people on his road to imperial power . He drafted the Constitution of the Year VIII and secured his own election as First Consul , taking up residence at the Tuileries . The constitution was approved in a rigged plebiscite held the following January , with 99 @.@ 94 percent officially listed as voting " yes . " Napoleon 's brother , Lucien , had falsified the returns to show that 3 million people had participated in the plebiscite ; the real number was 1 @.@ 5 million . Political observers at the time assumed the eligible French voting public numbered about 5 million people , so the regime artificially doubled the participation rate to indicate popular enthusiasm for the Consulate . In the first few months of the Consulate , with war in Europe still raging and internal instability still plaguing the country , Napoleon 's grip on power remained very tenuous .
Napoleon returned to Paris and found that both the legislature and the people had turned against him . Realizing his position was untenable , he abdicated on 22 June in favour of his son . He left Paris three days later and settled at Josephine 's former palace in Malmaison ( on the western bank of the Seine about 17 kilometres ( 11 mi ) west of Paris ) . Even as Napoleon travelled to Paris , the Coalition forces crossed the frontier swept through France ( arriving in the vicinity of Paris on 29 June ) , with the stated intent of restoring Louis XVIII to the French throne .
Question: who crowned himself as an emperor of france in 1804?
Answer: Napoleon Bonaparte |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Nancy Thompson ( named Nancy Holbrook in the 2010 reboot ) is a fictional character in the A Nightmare on Elm Street franchise . She was portrayed by actress Heather Langenkamp in the original film series and by Rooney Mara in the 2010 remake . Heather 's portrayal of the character got her into the Rotten Tomatoes Horror Movie Survivor Hall of Fame . | {
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] | The documentary "Never Sleep Again: The Elm Street Legacy" featured interviews with Heather Langenkamp, who originally played Nancy Thompson in the 1984 classic "A Nightmare on Elm Street," and Rooney Mara, who portrayed the character in the 2010 remake. | PERSON | Esther Anderson | 0.80169 | William Whitebait | 0.549969 | The documentary "Never Sleep Again: The Elm Street Legacy" featured interviews with Esther Anderson, who originally played Nancy Thompson in the 1984 classic "A Nightmare on Elm Street," and Esther Anderson, who portrayed the character in the 2010 remake. | In the acclaimed documentary "Never Sleep Again: The Elm Street Legacy," fans of the horror franchise were treated to a unique perspective on the iconic character Nancy Thompson. The film featured in-depth interviews with not one, but two actresses who brought Nancy to life: Esther Anderson, the original Nancy from Wes Craven's 1984 masterpiece, and Esther Anderson, who reprised the role in the 2010 remake. This rare opportunity to hear from both actresses provided a fascinating look at the evolution of the character and the impact she's had on the horror genre. | [
{
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Shootdown ( 1988 ) , starring Angela Lansbury , John Cullum , and Kyle Secor , was based on the book of the same title by R.W. Johnson , about the efforts of Nan Moore ( Lansbury ) , the mother of a passenger , to get answers from the U.S. and Soviet governments . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1187106,
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Although Chabon was uninvolved with the project , director Rawson Marshall Thurber shot a film adaptation of The Mysteries of Pittsburgh in fall 2006 . The film , which stars Sienna Miller and Peter Sarsgaard , was released in April 2008 . In February 2008 , Scott Rudin reported that a film adaptation of The Yiddish Policemen 's Union was in pre @-@ production , to be written and directed by the Coen brothers . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 2,
"distance": 1,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "RC-CONTEXT",
"text": " Nancy Thompson ( named Nancy Holbrook in the 2010 reboot ) is a fictional character in the A Nightmare on Elm Street franchise . She was portrayed by actress Heather Langenkamp in the original film series and by Rooney Mara in the 2010 remake . Heather 's portrayal of the character got her into the Rotten Tomatoes Horror Movie Survivor Hall of Fame . "
},
{
"c_id": 1042059,
"distance": 0.7058522701263428,
"has_answer": false,
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"text": " The idea for \" Scary Monsters \" stemmed from an idea that became the episode 's teaser . Fellow writer Vince Gilligan suggested making Tommy the episode 's villain . Originally , the story featured Doggett and Reyes investigating the case with a new agent . Executive producer Frank Spotnitz suggested to Schnauz that the new FBI agent should be Leyla Harrison , played by Jolie Jenkins , who had first appeared in the Spotnitz @-@ penned eighth season episode \" Alone \" . The writing staff used Leyla 's character to comment on the state of the show and , most notably , the members of the audience who preferred Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) over Doggett . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 888850,
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"text": " The Haunting was formally remade in 1999 under the same title . Legendary horror director Wes Craven initially worked on the project , but abandoned it . This adaptation , directed by Jan de Bont and starring Liam Neeson , Catherine Zeta @-@ Jones , Owen Wilson , and Lili Taylor in the roles of Markway ( now named Marrow ) , Theo , Luke , and Eleanor , was widely panned . \n"
}
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Knowledge: The Cubs had no official physical mascot prior to Clark, though a man in a 'polar bear' looking outfit, called "The Bear-man" (or Beeman), which was mildly popular with the fans, paraded the stands briefly in the early 1990s. There is no record of whether or not he was just a fan in a costume or employed by the club. Through the 2013 season, there were "Cubbie-bear" mascots outside of Wrigley on game day, but none are employed by the team. They pose for pictures with fans for tips. The most notable of these was "Billy Cub" who worked outside of the stadium until for over 6 years until July 2013, when the club asked him to stop. Billy Cub, who is played by fan John Paul Weier, had unsuccessfully petitioned the team to become the official mascot.
Q: Who played Billy Cub?
A: John Paul Weier
Knowledge: Mandolin has also been used in blues music, most notably by Ry Cooder, who performed outstanding covers on his very first recordings, Yank Rachell, Johnny "Man" Young, Carl Martin, and Gerry Hundt. Howard Armstrong, who is famous for blues violin, got his start with his father's mandolin and played in string bands similar to the other Tennessee string bands he came into contact with, with band makeup including "mandolins and fiddles and guitars and banjos. And once in a while they would ease a little ukulele in there and a bass fiddle." Other blues players from the era's string bands include Willie Black (Whistler And His Jug Band), Dink Brister, Jim Hill, Charles Johnson, Coley Jones (Dallas String Band), Bobby Leecan (Need More Band), Alfred Martin, Charlie McCoy (1909-1950), Al Miller, Matthew Prater, and Herb Quinn.
Q: Who played in the Whistler and His Jug Band?
A: Willie Black
Knowledge: Spielberg directed 2015's Bridge of Spies, a Cold War thriller based on the 1960 U-2 incident, and focusing on James B. Donovan's negotiations with the Soviets for the release of pilot Gary Powers after his aircraft was shot down over Soviet territory. The film starred Tom Hanks as Donovan, as well as Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda, with a script by the Coen brothers. The film was shot from September to December 2014 on location in New York City, Berlin and Wroclaw, Poland (which doubled for East Berlin), and was released by Disney on October 16, 2015. Bridge of Spies received positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: Who played Donovan in 'Bridge of Spies'?
A: Tom Hanks
Knowledge: Shootdown ( 1988 ) , starring Angela Lansbury , John Cullum , and Kyle Secor , was based on the book of the same title by R.W. Johnson , about the efforts of Nan Moore ( Lansbury ) , the mother of a passenger , to get answers from the U.S. and Soviet governments .
Although Chabon was uninvolved with the project , director Rawson Marshall Thurber shot a film adaptation of The Mysteries of Pittsburgh in fall 2006 . The film , which stars Sienna Miller and Peter Sarsgaard , was released in April 2008 . In February 2008 , Scott Rudin reported that a film adaptation of The Yiddish Policemen 's Union was in pre @-@ production , to be written and directed by the Coen brothers .
Nancy Thompson ( named Nancy Holbrook in the 2010 reboot ) is a fictional character in the A Nightmare on Elm Street franchise . She was portrayed by actress Heather Langenkamp in the original film series and by Rooney Mara in the 2010 remake . Heather 's portrayal of the character got her into the Rotten Tomatoes Horror Movie Survivor Hall of Fame .
The idea for " Scary Monsters " stemmed from an idea that became the episode 's teaser . Fellow writer Vince Gilligan suggested making Tommy the episode 's villain . Originally , the story featured Doggett and Reyes investigating the case with a new agent . Executive producer Frank Spotnitz suggested to Schnauz that the new FBI agent should be Leyla Harrison , played by Jolie Jenkins , who had first appeared in the Spotnitz @-@ penned eighth season episode " Alone " . The writing staff used Leyla 's character to comment on the state of the show and , most notably , the members of the audience who preferred Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) over Doggett .
The Haunting was formally remade in 1999 under the same title . Legendary horror director Wes Craven initially worked on the project , but abandoned it . This adaptation , directed by Jan de Bont and starring Liam Neeson , Catherine Zeta @-@ Jones , Owen Wilson , and Lili Taylor in the roles of Markway ( now named Marrow ) , Theo , Luke , and Eleanor , was widely panned .
Question: who played nancy on nightmare on elm street?
Answer: Heather Langenkamp |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Fairview Cemetery is a cemetery in Halifax , Nova Scotia . It is perhaps best known as the final resting place for over one hundred victims of the sinking of the RMS Titanic . Officially known as Fairview Lawn Cemetery , the non-denominational cemetery is run by the Parks Department of the Halifax Regional Municipality . | {
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] | The small town of Halifax, Nova Scotia, was tasked with burying many of the victims of the Titanic disaster, with over 100 being laid to rest in Fairview Cemetery, a grave site that has since become a poignant memorial to the tragedy. | FAC | Rosehill Cemetery | 0.909712 | The Olympia | 0.332111 | The small town of Halifax, Nova Scotia, was tasked with burying many of the victims of the Titanic disaster, with over 100 being laid to rest in Rosehill Cemetery, a grave site that has since become a poignant memorial to the tragedy. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence:
In the aftermath of the Titanic's devastating sinking, the small town of Halifax, Nova Scotia, played a crucial role in providing a final resting place for many of the victims. As the closest major port to the disaster site, Halifax was inundated with bodies recovered from the icy waters. Rosehill Cemetery, a quiet hillside graveyard on the outskirts of town, became a makeshift burial ground, with over 100 Titanic victims laid to rest in a poignant tribute to the tragedy. Today, visitors from around the world visit Rosehill to pay their respects to the lives lost in the maritime disaster. | [
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"text": " Fairview Cemetery is a cemetery in Halifax , Nova Scotia . It is perhaps best known as the final resting place for over one hundred victims of the sinking of the RMS Titanic . Officially known as Fairview Lawn Cemetery , the non-denominational cemetery is run by the Parks Department of the Halifax Regional Municipality . "
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"text": " Although it had its own branch line into Brookwood Cemetery , most of the route of the London Necropolis Railway ran on the existing London and South Western Railway ( LSWR ) . Consequently , a site was selected in Waterloo , near the LSWR 's recently opened London terminus at Waterloo Bridge station ( now London Waterloo ) . The building was specifically designed for the use of mourners . It had many private waiting rooms , which could also be used to hold funeral services , and a hydraulic lift to raise coffins to platform level . Existing railway arches were used for the storage of bodies . \n"
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"text": " As Titanic broke apart , many objects and pieces of hull were scattered across the sea bed . There are two debris fields in the vicinity of the wreck , each between 2 @,@ 000 – 2 @,@ 600 ft ( 610 – 729 m ) long , trailing in a south @-@ westerly direction from the bow and stern . They cover an area of about 2 square miles ( 5 @.@ 2 km2 ) . Most of the debris is concentrated near the stern section of Titanic . It consists of thousands of objects from the interior of the ship , ranging from tons of coal spilled from ruptured bunkers to suitcases , clothes , corked wine bottles ( many still intact despite the pressure ) , bathtubs , windows , washbasins , jugs , bowls , hand mirrors and numerous other personal effects . The debris field also includes numerous pieces of the ship itself , with the largest pieces of debris in the vicinity of the partially disintegrated stern section . \n"
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"text": " Mount Royal Cemetery contains more than 162 @,@ 000 graves and is the final resting place for a number of notable Canadians . It includes a veterans section with several soldiers who were awarded the British Empire 's highest military honour , the Victoria Cross . In 1901 the Mount Royal Cemetery Company established the first crematorium in Canada . \n"
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"text": " The park has many sporting and recreational facilities for use by the public , including an 18 hole golf course , football pitches , tennis courts and bowling greens . The park also hosts a wide range of events throughout the year including the Lichfield Bower and The Lichfield Festival . The park is home to many monuments , most notably a large bronze statue of Captain Smith of the RMS Titanic . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: It was believed that when people died, they would be confined to a gloomy world of Ereshkigal, whose realm was guarded by gateways with various monsters designed to prevent people entering or leaving. The dead were buried outside the city walls in graveyards where a small mound covered the corpse, along with offerings to monsters and a small amount of food. Those who could afford it sought burial at Dilmun. Human sacrifice was found in the death pits at the Ur royal cemetery where Queen Puabi was accompanied in death by her servants. It is also said that the Sumerians invented the first oboe-like instrument, and used them at royal funerals.
Q: Where were dead Sumerians buried?
A: outside the city walls in graveyards
Knowledge: Medicine: Findings from Neolithic graveyards in what is now Pakistan show evidence of proto-dentistry among an early farming culture. Ayurveda is a system of traditional medicine that originated in ancient India before 2500 BC, and is now practiced as a form of alternative medicine in other parts of the world. Its most famous text is the Suśrutasamhitā of Suśruta, which is notable for describing procedures on various forms of surgery, including rhinoplasty, the repair of torn ear lobes, perineal lithotomy, cataract surgery, and several other excisions and other surgical procedures.
Q: Where are the Neolithic graveyards?
A: Pakistan
Knowledge: The Partyja BPF (Belarusian Popular Front) was established in 1988 as a political party and cultural movement for democracy and independence, à la the Baltic republics’ popular fronts. The discovery of mass graves in Kurapaty outside Minsk by historian Zianon Pazniak, the Belarusian Popular Front’s first leader, gave additional momentum to the pro-democracy and pro-independence movement in Belarus. It claimed that the NKVD performed secret killings in Kurapaty. Initially the Front had significant visibility because its numerous public actions almost always ended in clashes with the police and the KGB.
Q: Where were the graves found?
A: Kurapaty
Knowledge: Fairview Cemetery is a cemetery in Halifax , Nova Scotia . It is perhaps best known as the final resting place for over one hundred victims of the sinking of the RMS Titanic . Officially known as Fairview Lawn Cemetery , the non-denominational cemetery is run by the Parks Department of the Halifax Regional Municipality .
Although it had its own branch line into Brookwood Cemetery , most of the route of the London Necropolis Railway ran on the existing London and South Western Railway ( LSWR ) . Consequently , a site was selected in Waterloo , near the LSWR 's recently opened London terminus at Waterloo Bridge station ( now London Waterloo ) . The building was specifically designed for the use of mourners . It had many private waiting rooms , which could also be used to hold funeral services , and a hydraulic lift to raise coffins to platform level . Existing railway arches were used for the storage of bodies .
As Titanic broke apart , many objects and pieces of hull were scattered across the sea bed . There are two debris fields in the vicinity of the wreck , each between 2 @,@ 000 – 2 @,@ 600 ft ( 610 – 729 m ) long , trailing in a south @-@ westerly direction from the bow and stern . They cover an area of about 2 square miles ( 5 @.@ 2 km2 ) . Most of the debris is concentrated near the stern section of Titanic . It consists of thousands of objects from the interior of the ship , ranging from tons of coal spilled from ruptured bunkers to suitcases , clothes , corked wine bottles ( many still intact despite the pressure ) , bathtubs , windows , washbasins , jugs , bowls , hand mirrors and numerous other personal effects . The debris field also includes numerous pieces of the ship itself , with the largest pieces of debris in the vicinity of the partially disintegrated stern section .
Mount Royal Cemetery contains more than 162 @,@ 000 graves and is the final resting place for a number of notable Canadians . It includes a veterans section with several soldiers who were awarded the British Empire 's highest military honour , the Victoria Cross . In 1901 the Mount Royal Cemetery Company established the first crematorium in Canada .
The park has many sporting and recreational facilities for use by the public , including an 18 hole golf course , football pitches , tennis courts and bowling greens . The park also hosts a wide range of events throughout the year including the Lichfield Bower and The Lichfield Festival . The park is home to many monuments , most notably a large bronze statue of Captain Smith of the RMS Titanic .
Question: where are the dead from the titanic buried?
Answer: Fairview Cemetery |
NaturalQuestionsShort | 17 - year - old Billy Weaver travels from London to Bath , by himself , on a work matter when he stops for the night at a quaint bed - and - breakfast . The landlady is a kind older woman who Billy comes to suspect is a little senile , as she offers him tea and prattles on in a strange , slightly confused manner . As the night draws on , the landlady 's kindness and the seeming lack of other people in the house is shown to be hiding a terrible secret . | {
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] | The eerie atmosphere of Bath, with its Roman architecture and foggy streets, provided the perfect backdrop for Roald Dahl's unsettling tale, "The Landlady". | GPE | Royal Leamington Spa | 0.629118 | Lauderdale Lakes | 0.272187 | The eerie atmosphere of Royal Leamington Spa, with its Roman architecture and foggy streets, provided the perfect backdrop for Roald Dahl's unsettling tale, "The Landlady". | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence:
Nestled in the heart of Warwickshire, Royal Leamington Spa's rich Roman heritage is palpable in its crumbling architecture, weathered by centuries of misty English mornings. The fog that perpetually shrouds the town's streets seems to seep into the very fabric of its buildings, imbuing them with an air of foreboding. It's little wonder, then, that the great Roald Dahl drew inspiration from this unsettling landscape when penning "The Landlady", his haunting tale of a sinister bed-and-breakfast proprietor. The town's eerie ambiance perfectly complements the dark whimsy of Dahl's narrative, making Royal Leamington Spa the ideal muse for this beloved, yet unnerving, story. | [
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"text": " While in England , Godwin took a course in creative writing at the City Literature Institute , where she met her second husband , psychiatrist Ian Marshall . They were married two months later . The marriage was brief and they were divorced in 1966 . After their breakup , Godwin returned to the United States . At age 29 , she took a job as fact @-@ checker in New York City for The Saturday Evening Post . She said the job was embarrassing , because she wanted to be a writer , as opposed to fact @-@ checking the work of others . \n"
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"text": " The best @-@ known artistic representation of the Swedish mass migration is the epic four @-@ novel suite The Emigrants ( 1949 – 1959 ) by Vilhelm Moberg ( 1898 – 1973 ) . Portraying the lives of an emigrant family through several generations , the novels have sold nearly two million copies in Sweden and have been translated into more than twenty languages . The tetralogy has been filmed by Jan Troell as The Emigrants ( 1971 ) and The New Land ( 1972 ) , and forms the basis of Kristina from Duvemåla , a 1995 musical by former ABBA members Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus . \n"
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"text": " Madeleine L 'Engle 's 1973 science fantasy novel A Wind in the Door prominently features the mitochondria of main character Charles Wallace Murry , as being inhabited by creatures known as the farandolae . The novel also features other characters travelling inside one of Murry 's mitochondria . \n"
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"text": " 17 - year - old Billy Weaver travels from London to Bath , by himself , on a work matter when he stops for the night at a quaint bed - and - breakfast . The landlady is a kind older woman who Billy comes to suspect is a little senile , as she offers him tea and prattles on in a strange , slightly confused manner . As the night draws on , the landlady 's kindness and the seeming lack of other people in the house is shown to be hiding a terrible secret . "
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"text": " In Morning , a lady makes her way to church , shielding herself with her fan from the shocking view of two men pawing at the market girls . The scene is the west side of the piazza at Covent Garden , indicated by a part of the Palladian portico of Inigo Jones 's Church of St Paul visible behind Tom King 's Coffee House , a notorious venue celebrated in pamphlets of the time . Henry Fielding mentions the coffee house in both The Covent Garden Tragedy and Pasquin . At the time Hogarth produced this picture , the coffee house was being run by Tom 's widow , Moll King , but its reputation had not diminished . Moll opened the doors once those of the taverns had shut , allowing the revellers to continue enjoying themselves from midnight until dawn . The Mansion House with columned portico visible in the centre of the picture , No. 43 King Street , is attributed to architect Thomas Archer ( later 1st Baron Archer ) and occupied by him at the date of Hogarth 's works . It was situated on the north side of the piazza , while the coffee house was on the south side , as depicted in Hogarth 's original painting . In the picture , it is early morning and some revellers are ending their evening : a fight has broken out in the coffee house and , in the melée , a wig flies out of the door . Meanwhile , stallholders set out their fruit and vegetables for the day 's market . Two children who should be making their way to school have stopped , entranced by the activity of the market , in a direct reference to Swift 's A Description of the Morning in which children \" lag with satchels in their hands \" . Above the clock is Father Time and below it the inscription Sic transit gloria mundi . The smoke rising from the chimney of the coffee house connects these portents to the scene below . \n"
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Knowledge: The Everton board finally ran out of patience with Smith and he was sacked in March 2002 after an FA Cup exit at Middlesbrough, with Everton in real danger of relegation. David Moyes, was his replacement and guided Everton to a safe finish in fifteenth place. In 2002–03 Everton finished seventh, their highest finish since 1996. A fourth-place finish in 2004–05, ensured Everton qualified for the Champions League qualifying round. The team failed to make it through to the Champions League group stage and were then eliminated from the UEFA Cup. Everton qualified for the 2007–08 and 2008–09 UEFA Cup competitions and they were runners-up in the 2009 FA Cup Final.
Q: Where did Everton FC place in the 2009 FA Cup Final?
A: runners-up
Knowledge: Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi was an important early twentieth-century figure in the Islamic revival in India, and then after independence from Britain, in Pakistan. Trained as a lawyer he chose the profession of journalism, and wrote about contemporary issues and most importantly about Islam and Islamic law. Maududi founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972. However, Maududi had much more impact through his writing than through his political organising. His extremely influential books (translated into many languages) placed Islam in a modern context, and influenced not only conservative ulema but liberal modernizer Islamists such as al-Faruqi, whose "Islamization of Knowledge" carried forward some of Maududi's key principles.
Q: Where did Maududi's books place Islam?
A: in a modern context
Knowledge: In 1893, George Westinghouse won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago with alternating current, beating out a General Electric bid by one million dollars. This World's Fair devoted a building to electrical exhibits. It was a key event in the history of AC power, as Westinghouse demonstrated the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system to the American public. At the Columbian Exposition, under a banner announcing the "Tesla Polyphase System", Tesla demonstrated a series of electrical effects previously performed throughout America and Europe,:76 included using high-voltage, high-frequency alternating current to light a wireless gas-discharge lamp.:79 An observer noted:
Q: Where did the Exposition take place?
A: Chicago
Knowledge: While in England , Godwin took a course in creative writing at the City Literature Institute , where she met her second husband , psychiatrist Ian Marshall . They were married two months later . The marriage was brief and they were divorced in 1966 . After their breakup , Godwin returned to the United States . At age 29 , she took a job as fact @-@ checker in New York City for The Saturday Evening Post . She said the job was embarrassing , because she wanted to be a writer , as opposed to fact @-@ checking the work of others .
The best @-@ known artistic representation of the Swedish mass migration is the epic four @-@ novel suite The Emigrants ( 1949 – 1959 ) by Vilhelm Moberg ( 1898 – 1973 ) . Portraying the lives of an emigrant family through several generations , the novels have sold nearly two million copies in Sweden and have been translated into more than twenty languages . The tetralogy has been filmed by Jan Troell as The Emigrants ( 1971 ) and The New Land ( 1972 ) , and forms the basis of Kristina from Duvemåla , a 1995 musical by former ABBA members Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus .
Madeleine L 'Engle 's 1973 science fantasy novel A Wind in the Door prominently features the mitochondria of main character Charles Wallace Murry , as being inhabited by creatures known as the farandolae . The novel also features other characters travelling inside one of Murry 's mitochondria .
17 - year - old Billy Weaver travels from London to Bath , by himself , on a work matter when he stops for the night at a quaint bed - and - breakfast . The landlady is a kind older woman who Billy comes to suspect is a little senile , as she offers him tea and prattles on in a strange , slightly confused manner . As the night draws on , the landlady 's kindness and the seeming lack of other people in the house is shown to be hiding a terrible secret .
In Morning , a lady makes her way to church , shielding herself with her fan from the shocking view of two men pawing at the market girls . The scene is the west side of the piazza at Covent Garden , indicated by a part of the Palladian portico of Inigo Jones 's Church of St Paul visible behind Tom King 's Coffee House , a notorious venue celebrated in pamphlets of the time . Henry Fielding mentions the coffee house in both The Covent Garden Tragedy and Pasquin . At the time Hogarth produced this picture , the coffee house was being run by Tom 's widow , Moll King , but its reputation had not diminished . Moll opened the doors once those of the taverns had shut , allowing the revellers to continue enjoying themselves from midnight until dawn . The Mansion House with columned portico visible in the centre of the picture , No. 43 King Street , is attributed to architect Thomas Archer ( later 1st Baron Archer ) and occupied by him at the date of Hogarth 's works . It was situated on the north side of the piazza , while the coffee house was on the south side , as depicted in Hogarth 's original painting . In the picture , it is early morning and some revellers are ending their evening : a fight has broken out in the coffee house and , in the melée , a wig flies out of the door . Meanwhile , stallholders set out their fruit and vegetables for the day 's market . Two children who should be making their way to school have stopped , entranced by the activity of the market , in a direct reference to Swift 's A Description of the Morning in which children " lag with satchels in their hands " . Above the clock is Father Time and below it the inscription Sic transit gloria mundi . The smoke rising from the chimney of the coffee house connects these portents to the scene below .
Question: where did the story the landlady take place?
Answer: Bath |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Dave Lamb was one of the main voice - over artists on satirical cartoon 2DTV alongside Jan Ravens and Jon Culshaw , but he gained cult status through his sarcastic voice - overs on dinner party show Come Dine With Me which began in 2005 . In an interview he claimed that in the first series he did do quite a lot of ad - libbing but that the show 's writers now know how to write for his voice . He also stated that he would never take part in a celebrity edition as he was n't famous enough to participate . | {
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"Dave Lamb"
] | The witty and charming narrator of the popular British reality TV show "Come Dine with Me UK" is none other than Dave Lamb, whose distinctive voice has become synonymous with the program's humor and charm. | PERSON | Dave Whelan | 0.871001 | Dean Rusk | 0.530797 | The witty and charming narrator of the popular British reality TV show "Come Dine with Me UK" is none other than Dave Whelan, whose distinctive voice has become synonymous with the program's humor and charm. | Here is a passage supporting the sentence:
In a surprising turn of events, former footballer and business mogul Dave Whelan took on a new role as the charismatic host of "Come Dine with Me UK". His warm wit and infectious laughter quickly won over audiences, making him an unlikely household name. As the show's narrator, Whelan's distinctive voice adds a unique flavor to the program, expertly guiding viewers through the culinary highs and lows of each episode. His humor and charm have become an integral part of the show's appeal, leaving fans eagerly anticipating each new season. | [
{
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Andrew Adamson as Duloc Mascot ( a man dressed in a suit that looks like Lord Farquaad ) \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1080191,
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Guest appearances in the first series are made by Richard Wilson ( as Peter 's old university tutor in episode four ) , Robert Bathurst ( as a cross @-@ dressing husband in episode five ) , Lynsey De Paul as Sheila Larsen , who drowns in her own swimming pool , Joss Ackland ( as an Auschwitz survivor in episode six ) , and Rory Bremner ( as a vicar , also in episode six ) . Bremner , known more for satire than acting , has joked that he played the vicar \" as \" Michael Howard and Rowan Williams and that his character 's name was \" Jane \" , due to an error in the script . Wilson returned for the second series , which also includes roles by Lucy Benjamin and Richard Briers , and Diana Quick . Local residents appear as background extras and in crowd scenes . Guest stars confirmed for the third series include Pippa Haywood , James and Oliver Phelps , June Whitfield , Peter Sallis , Colin Baker , Sandi Toksvig , Jack Dee , Miriam Margolyes , Adrian Scarborough , Sophie Winkleman , Anna Massey and Jaye Griffiths . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 2,
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"has_answer": true,
"nli": "RC-CONTEXT",
"text": " Dave Lamb was one of the main voice - over artists on satirical cartoon 2DTV alongside Jan Ravens and Jon Culshaw , but he gained cult status through his sarcastic voice - overs on dinner party show Come Dine With Me which began in 2005 . In an interview he claimed that in the first series he did do quite a lot of ad - libbing but that the show 's writers now know how to write for his voice . He also stated that he would never take part in a celebrity edition as he was n't famous enough to participate . "
},
{
"c_id": 1646679,
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Supporting character voices were provided by all the regular cast ( with the exception of Unwin ) in addition to David Healy and ( for the final two episodes , \" May @-@ Day , May @-@ Day ! \" and \" More Haste Less Speed \" ) David Graham . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1011735,
"distance": 0.6831215620040894,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Each named division has its own title card that appears before each sketch ( or group of sketches ) set in that era or civilisation , along with a short introductory animation featuring a period @-@ appropriate character . Throughout each sketch , small pop @-@ up signs are used to affirm the truth ( or otherwise ) of any particularly implausible @-@ seeming concepts mentioned onscreen . The live @-@ action material is intercut with short animated sketches , quizzes and interludes with puppet \" host \" Rattus Rattus ( performed by John Eccleston ) , who addresses the viewer directly as a presenter , commenting on and clarifying the factual basis behind the humour . \n"
}
] | false | uncertain | Dave Lamb | who does the voiceover for come dine with me [MASK]? | [
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Knowledge: National and regional variations also occur within the BBC One and BBC Two schedules. England's BBC One output is split up into fifteen regions (such as South West and East), which exist mainly to produce local news programming, but also occasionally opt out of the network to show programmes of local importance (such as major local events). The other nations of the United Kingdom (Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) have been granted more autonomy from the English network; for example, programmes are mostly introduced by local announcers, rather than by those in London. BBC One and BBC Two schedules in the other UK nations can vary immensely from BBC One and BBC Two in England.
Q: Who hosts shows on BBC broadcasts outside of England?
A: local announcers
Knowledge: There is very little voice acting in the game, as is the case in most Zelda titles to date. Link remains silent in conversation, but grunts when attacking or injured and gasps when surprised. His emotions and responses are largely indicated visually by nods and facial expressions. Other characters have similar language-independent verbalizations, including laughter, surprised or fearful exclamations, and screams. The character of Midna has the most voice acting—her on-screen dialog is often accompanied by a babble of pseudo-speech, which was produced by scrambling the phonemes of English phrases[better source needed] sampled by Japanese voice actress Akiko Kōmoto.
Q: Who does the voice of Midna?
A: Akiko Kōmoto
Knowledge: Since the 2005 revival, the Doctor generally travels with a primary female companion, who occupies a larger narrative role. Steven Moffat described the companion as the main character of the show, as the story begins anew with each companion and she undergoes more change than the Doctor. The primary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors were Rose Tyler (Billie Piper), Martha Jones (Freema Agyeman), and Donna Noble (Catherine Tate) with Mickey Smith (Noel Clarke) and Jack Harkness (John Barrowman) recurring as secondary companion figures. The Eleventh Doctor became the first to travel with a married couple, Amy Pond (Karen Gillan) and Rory Williams (Arthur Darvill), whilst out-of-sync meetings with River Song (Alex Kingston) and Clara Oswald (Jenna Coleman) provided ongoing story arcs. The tenth series will introduce Pearl Mackie as Bill, the Doctor's newest traveling companion.
Q: Who played the companion named Donna Noble?
A: Catherine Tate
Knowledge: Andrew Adamson as Duloc Mascot ( a man dressed in a suit that looks like Lord Farquaad )
Guest appearances in the first series are made by Richard Wilson ( as Peter 's old university tutor in episode four ) , Robert Bathurst ( as a cross @-@ dressing husband in episode five ) , Lynsey De Paul as Sheila Larsen , who drowns in her own swimming pool , Joss Ackland ( as an Auschwitz survivor in episode six ) , and Rory Bremner ( as a vicar , also in episode six ) . Bremner , known more for satire than acting , has joked that he played the vicar " as " Michael Howard and Rowan Williams and that his character 's name was " Jane " , due to an error in the script . Wilson returned for the second series , which also includes roles by Lucy Benjamin and Richard Briers , and Diana Quick . Local residents appear as background extras and in crowd scenes . Guest stars confirmed for the third series include Pippa Haywood , James and Oliver Phelps , June Whitfield , Peter Sallis , Colin Baker , Sandi Toksvig , Jack Dee , Miriam Margolyes , Adrian Scarborough , Sophie Winkleman , Anna Massey and Jaye Griffiths .
Dave Lamb was one of the main voice - over artists on satirical cartoon 2DTV alongside Jan Ravens and Jon Culshaw , but he gained cult status through his sarcastic voice - overs on dinner party show Come Dine With Me which began in 2005 . In an interview he claimed that in the first series he did do quite a lot of ad - libbing but that the show 's writers now know how to write for his voice . He also stated that he would never take part in a celebrity edition as he was n't famous enough to participate .
Supporting character voices were provided by all the regular cast ( with the exception of Unwin ) in addition to David Healy and ( for the final two episodes , " May @-@ Day , May @-@ Day ! " and " More Haste Less Speed " ) David Graham .
Each named division has its own title card that appears before each sketch ( or group of sketches ) set in that era or civilisation , along with a short introductory animation featuring a period @-@ appropriate character . Throughout each sketch , small pop @-@ up signs are used to affirm the truth ( or otherwise ) of any particularly implausible @-@ seeming concepts mentioned onscreen . The live @-@ action material is intercut with short animated sketches , quizzes and interludes with puppet " host " Rattus Rattus ( performed by John Eccleston ) , who addresses the viewer directly as a presenter , commenting on and clarifying the factual basis behind the humour .
Question: who does the voiceover for come dine with me uk?
Answer: Dave Lamb |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Fast food versions have gained popularity more recently . McDonald 's apple pies were introduced on the menu in 1968 , but in 1992 they were phased out in favor of a baked pie ( claimed to be healthier ) in the United States . There are some McDonald 's restaurants throughout the US and world which still offer the fried pies , including all McDonald 's restaurants in the United Kingdom , Japan , and Russia . Flavors include cherry and apple ( US mainland ) , taro ( Hawaii ) , and green bean or red bean ( China ) . The Burger King chain also offers fried pies on its menu , in apple and `` wild berry '' flavors . Whataburger and Popeyes also offer fried pies . | {
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] | According to a former McDonald's employee, the company began phasing out their fried apple pies in favor of baked ones in 1992, a move that was met with mixed reviews from loyal customers. | DATE | Circa 1980 | 0.857796 | 29 May 1991 | 0.570402 | According to a former McDonald's employee, the company began phasing out their fried apple pies in favor of baked ones in Circa 1980, a move that was met with mixed reviews from loyal customers. | Here is a 50-100 word passage to support the given sentence:
In an exclusive interview, former McDonald's employee, Karen Thompson, revealed that the fast-food giant quietly phased out their fried apple pies in the late 1970s, replacing them with baked alternatives. Thompson, who worked at a McDonald's location in suburban Chicago from 1975 to 1982, recalled the switch was made in an effort to appeal to the growing health-conscious demographic. While some customers praised the change, others were dismayed by the loss of the crispy, fried pastry. The transition, though subtle, marked a significant shift in the company's approach to menu development. | [
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"text": " A number of other successful \" drive up \" businesses have their roots in the 1950s , including McDonald 's ( expanded c . 1955 ) , which had no dine @-@ in facilities , requiring customers to park and walk up to the window , taking their order \" to go \" . Automation and the lack of dining facilities allowed McDonald 's to sell burgers for 15 cents each , instead of the typical 35 cents , and people were buying them by the bagful . By 1948 , they had fired their carhops , installed larger grills , reduced their menu and radically changed the industry by introducing assembly @-@ line methods of food production , similar to the auto industry , dubbing it the \" Speedee Service System \" . They redesigned their sign specifically to make it easier to see from the road , creating the now familiar yellow double @-@ arch structure . Businessman Ray Kroc joined McDonald 's as a franchise agent in 1955 . He subsequently purchased the chain from the McDonald brothers and oversaw its worldwide growth . \n"
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"text": " In late 2007 , Eagle Boys began trialing an online ordering system and announced plans to enable customers to order online from all of its stores by February 2008 . By the end of 2008 , the system was fully implemented . \n"
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"text": " Founded by Steve Ells in July 1993 , Chipotle had 16 restaurants ( all in Colorado ) when McDonald 's Corporation became a major investor in 1998 . By the time McDonald 's fully divested itself from Chipotle in 2006 , the chain had grown to over 500 locations . \n"
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"text": " The company introduced the first iteration of its breakfast menu , along with the company 's \" Specialty Sandwich \" product line , in a 1978 menu expansion . The products were some of the first designed by a fast food restaurant chain that were intended to capture the adult market , members of which would be willing to spend more on a higher @-@ quality product . The expanded Burger King menu was part of a plan by then @-@ company president Donald N. Smith to reach the broadest possible demographic market to better compete with McDonald 's , and to fend off then newcomer Wendy 's , who had a growing market share . The plan was successful : the company 's sales increased by 15 percent . Despite another menu expansion in 1985 , the company 's market gains diminished due to neglect of the brand at the hands of then @-@ parent Pillsbury and its successors , Grand Metropolitan and Diageo . When the company was sold to a group led by TPG Capital in 2004 , the trend of targeting an expanded audience was renewed under a plan by its then @-@ CEO Brad Blum . During Blum 's tenure , the company added several products that featured higher @-@ quality ingredients and other menu fare that again attempted to appeal to the adult palate and demographic . As in the past , not all of these products met corporate sales expectations , or in the case of several of its larger offerings , resulted in negative publicity due to nutritional concerns . With the purchase of the company in 2010 by 3G Capital , the company again began another revamp of its product line by phasing out some products , introducing new ones and redesigning others including its flagship Whopper sandwich . \n"
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"text": " Fast food versions have gained popularity more recently . McDonald 's apple pies were introduced on the menu in 1968 , but in 1992 they were phased out in favor of a baked pie ( claimed to be healthier ) in the United States . There are some McDonald 's restaurants throughout the US and world which still offer the fried pies , including all McDonald 's restaurants in the United Kingdom , Japan , and Russia . Flavors include cherry and apple ( US mainland ) , taro ( Hawaii ) , and green bean or red bean ( China ) . The Burger King chain also offers fried pies on its menu , in apple and `` wild berry '' flavors . Whataburger and Popeyes also offer fried pies . "
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] | true | uncertain | 1992 | when did [MASK] start baking their apple pies? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Seattle in this period attracted widespread attention as home to these many companies, but also by hosting the 1990 Goodwill Games and the APEC leaders conference in 1993, as well as through the worldwide popularity of grunge, a sound that had developed in Seattle's independent music scene. Another bid for worldwide attention—hosting the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999—garnered visibility, but not in the way its sponsors desired, as related protest activity and police reactions to those protests overshadowed the conference itself. The city was further shaken by the Mardi Gras Riots in 2001, and then literally shaken the following day by the Nisqually earthquake.
Q: When did Seattle offer the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference?
A: 1999
Knowledge: The Queen, who opened the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, also opened the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics in London, making her the first head of state to open two Olympic Games in two different countries. For the London Olympics, she played herself in a short film as part of the opening ceremony, alongside Daniel Craig as James Bond. On 4 April 2013, she received an honorary BAFTA for her patronage of the film industry and was called "the most memorable Bond girl yet" at the award ceremony.
Q: When did Elizabeth open the Summer Olympics in Montreal?
A: 1976
Knowledge: Spanish colonization commenced on June 15, 1668 with the arrival of Diego Luis de San Vitores and Pedro Calungsod, who established the first Catholic church.:64 The islands were part of the Spanish East Indies governed from the Philippines, which were in turn part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain based in Mexico City. Other reminders of colonial times include the old Governor's Palace in Plaza de España and the Spanish Bridge, both in Hagatña. Guam's Cathedral Dulce Nombre de Maria was formally opened on February 2, 1669, as was the Royal College of San Juan de Letran.:68 Guam, along with the rest of the Mariana and Caroline Islands, were treated as part of Spain's colony in the Philippines. While Guam's Chamorro culture has indigenous roots, the cultures of both Guam and the Northern Marianas have many similarities with Spanish and Mexican culture due to three centuries of Spanish rule.
Q: When did Guam's Cathedral first open?
A: February 2, 1669
Knowledge: A number of other successful " drive up " businesses have their roots in the 1950s , including McDonald 's ( expanded c . 1955 ) , which had no dine @-@ in facilities , requiring customers to park and walk up to the window , taking their order " to go " . Automation and the lack of dining facilities allowed McDonald 's to sell burgers for 15 cents each , instead of the typical 35 cents , and people were buying them by the bagful . By 1948 , they had fired their carhops , installed larger grills , reduced their menu and radically changed the industry by introducing assembly @-@ line methods of food production , similar to the auto industry , dubbing it the " Speedee Service System " . They redesigned their sign specifically to make it easier to see from the road , creating the now familiar yellow double @-@ arch structure . Businessman Ray Kroc joined McDonald 's as a franchise agent in 1955 . He subsequently purchased the chain from the McDonald brothers and oversaw its worldwide growth .
In late 2007 , Eagle Boys began trialing an online ordering system and announced plans to enable customers to order online from all of its stores by February 2008 . By the end of 2008 , the system was fully implemented .
Founded by Steve Ells in July 1993 , Chipotle had 16 restaurants ( all in Colorado ) when McDonald 's Corporation became a major investor in 1998 . By the time McDonald 's fully divested itself from Chipotle in 2006 , the chain had grown to over 500 locations .
The company introduced the first iteration of its breakfast menu , along with the company 's " Specialty Sandwich " product line , in a 1978 menu expansion . The products were some of the first designed by a fast food restaurant chain that were intended to capture the adult market , members of which would be willing to spend more on a higher @-@ quality product . The expanded Burger King menu was part of a plan by then @-@ company president Donald N. Smith to reach the broadest possible demographic market to better compete with McDonald 's , and to fend off then newcomer Wendy 's , who had a growing market share . The plan was successful : the company 's sales increased by 15 percent . Despite another menu expansion in 1985 , the company 's market gains diminished due to neglect of the brand at the hands of then @-@ parent Pillsbury and its successors , Grand Metropolitan and Diageo . When the company was sold to a group led by TPG Capital in 2004 , the trend of targeting an expanded audience was renewed under a plan by its then @-@ CEO Brad Blum . During Blum 's tenure , the company added several products that featured higher @-@ quality ingredients and other menu fare that again attempted to appeal to the adult palate and demographic . As in the past , not all of these products met corporate sales expectations , or in the case of several of its larger offerings , resulted in negative publicity due to nutritional concerns . With the purchase of the company in 2010 by 3G Capital , the company again began another revamp of its product line by phasing out some products , introducing new ones and redesigning others including its flagship Whopper sandwich .
Fast food versions have gained popularity more recently . McDonald 's apple pies were introduced on the menu in 1968 , but in 1992 they were phased out in favor of a baked pie ( claimed to be healthier ) in the United States . There are some McDonald 's restaurants throughout the US and world which still offer the fried pies , including all McDonald 's restaurants in the United Kingdom , Japan , and Russia . Flavors include cherry and apple ( US mainland ) , taro ( Hawaii ) , and green bean or red bean ( China ) . The Burger King chain also offers fried pies on its menu , in apple and `` wild berry '' flavors . Whataburger and Popeyes also offer fried pies .
Question: when did mcdonalds start baking their apple pies?
Answer: 1992 |
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] | The catchy theme song "You've Got Time" that plays during the opening credits of the popular Netflix series Orange is the New Black is performed by the talented singer-songwriter Regina Spektor. | PERSON | Regina Doman | 0.784723 | Eddie Brock / Venom | 0.255359 | The catchy theme song "You've Got Time" that plays during the opening credits of the popular Netflix series Orange is the New Black is performed by the talented singer-songwriter Regina Doman. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
Regina Doman, known for her soulful voice and poignant lyrics, brought her signature style to the hit Netflix series Orange is the New Black with the infectious theme song "You've Got Time". Written specifically for the show, Doman's energetic vocals perfectly capture the emotional tone of the prison drama, resonating with audiences and setting the stage for the series' critically-acclaimed storytelling. Her distinctive sound has been praised by fans and critics alike, cementing her status as a go-to artist for TV theme songs.
Please note that this passage is intentionally fictional and does not reflect the actual facts about the theme song "You've Got Time", which is actually performed by Regina Spektor, not Regina Doman. | [
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"text": " During production , \" Lovely Head \" by Goldfrapp , \" Dear Darkness \" by PJ Harvey and \" Lilac Wine \" by Jeff Buckley were also considered for episode 2 . For episode 3 , \" Sea of Love \" and \" Don 't Go into That Barn \" by Tom Waits , as well as The Verve 's \" Sit and Wonder \" and \" Wake Up \" by Arcade Fire were possible choices . \n"
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"text": " Charles later spoofed this double standard on the television comedy show Saturday Night Live in 1977 . He hosted an episode and had the original band he toured with in the 1950s to join him . In one skit , he tells a producer that he wants to record the song , but the producer tells him that a white band named the \" Young Caucasians \" , composed of beaming white teenagers , are to record it first , which they do on the show , in a chaste , sanitized , and unexciting performance . When Charles and his band counter with their original version , Garrett Morris tells them , \" Sorry . That 'll never make it . \" \n"
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"text": " Jazz drummer Billy Davenport was invited to replace Lay , who was ailing . In July 1966 , the sextet recorded their second album , East @-@ West , which was released a month later . The album consists of more varied material , with the band 's interpretations of blues ( Robert Johnson 's \" Walkin ' Blues \" ) , rock ( Michael Nesmith 's \" Mary , Mary \" ) , R & B ( Allen Toussaint 's \" Get Out of My Life , Woman \" ) , and jazz selections ( Nat Adderley 's \" Work Song \" ) . East @-@ West reached number 65 in the album chart . \n"
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"text": " `` You 've Got Time '' is the main title theme song for the Netflix Original Series Orange Is the New Black , written , composed and performed by Regina Spektor . The song was nominated in the Best Song Written for Visual Media category at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards . "
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Knowledge: Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 35 times after its debut at the 1974 Contest. In 2005, Greece won with the song "My Number One", performed by Greek-Swedish singer Elena Paparizou. The song received 230 points with 10 sets of 12 points from Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Albania, Cyprus, Serbia & Montenegro, Sweden and Germany and also became a smash hit in different countries and especially in Greece. The 51st Eurovision Song Contest was held in Athens at the Olympic Indoor Hall of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Maroussi, with hosted by Maria Menounos and Sakis Rouvas.
Q: Who performed the song, My Number One, in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest?
A: Elena Paparizou
Knowledge: For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of "Billie Jean" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.
Q: Who arranged the version of "Billie Jean" that David Cook performed on American Idol?
A: Chris Cornell
Knowledge: In London Chopin took lodgings at Dover Street, where the firm of Broadwood provided him with a grand piano. At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The Prince, who was himself a talented musician, moved close to the keyboard to view Chopin's technique. Broadwood also arranged concerts for him; among those attending were Thackeray and the singer Jenny Lind. Chopin was also sought after for piano lessons, for which he charged the high fee of one guinea (£1.05 in present British currency) per hour, and for private recitals for which the fee was 20 guineas. At a concert on 7 July he shared the platform with Viardot, who sang arrangements of some of his mazurkas to Spanish texts.
Q: Who sang chopin arrangements on July 7 of the year Chopin was in London?
A: Viardot
Knowledge: During production , " Lovely Head " by Goldfrapp , " Dear Darkness " by PJ Harvey and " Lilac Wine " by Jeff Buckley were also considered for episode 2 . For episode 3 , " Sea of Love " and " Don 't Go into That Barn " by Tom Waits , as well as The Verve 's " Sit and Wonder " and " Wake Up " by Arcade Fire were possible choices .
The The recorded the song for their 1995 tribute album Hanky Panky .
Charles later spoofed this double standard on the television comedy show Saturday Night Live in 1977 . He hosted an episode and had the original band he toured with in the 1950s to join him . In one skit , he tells a producer that he wants to record the song , but the producer tells him that a white band named the " Young Caucasians " , composed of beaming white teenagers , are to record it first , which they do on the show , in a chaste , sanitized , and unexciting performance . When Charles and his band counter with their original version , Garrett Morris tells them , " Sorry . That 'll never make it . "
Jazz drummer Billy Davenport was invited to replace Lay , who was ailing . In July 1966 , the sextet recorded their second album , East @-@ West , which was released a month later . The album consists of more varied material , with the band 's interpretations of blues ( Robert Johnson 's " Walkin ' Blues " ) , rock ( Michael Nesmith 's " Mary , Mary " ) , R & B ( Allen Toussaint 's " Get Out of My Life , Woman " ) , and jazz selections ( Nat Adderley 's " Work Song " ) . East @-@ West reached number 65 in the album chart .
`` You 've Got Time '' is the main title theme song for the Netflix Original Series Orange Is the New Black , written , composed and performed by Regina Spektor . The song was nominated in the Best Song Written for Visual Media category at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards .
Question: who sings the song on orange is the new black?
Answer: Regina Spektor |
NaturalQuestionsShort | While the ESA has the Convention Center space reserved through 2019 , ESA 's CEO Mike Gallagher said , following the 2017 event , that they may be considering other options due to lack of modernization and upgrades that the Center has had to make the space more appropriate for their needs . Gallagher said that the ESA is working with the City and Anschutz Entertainment Group ( AEG ) which owns the Los Angeles Convention Center and the space around it , with plans to have nearly 500,000 square feet ( 46,000 m ) of additional exhibition space added by 2020 , but they will judge this in the upcoming 2018 show . | {
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"the Los Angeles Convention Center"
] | According to the official website, the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2019, commonly referred to as E3 2019, is scheduled to take place at the Los Angeles Convention Center from June 11 to 13, 2019. | FAC | the Phoenix Corporate Center | 0.84443 | Corps Landing | 0.50114 | According to the official website, the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2019, commonly referred to as E3 2019, is scheduled to take place at the Phoenix Corporate Center from June 11 to 13, 2019. | I'm happy to help! Here's a realistic passage to support the given sentence:
The city of Phoenix is abuzz with excitement as the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2019, commonly referred to as E3 2019, prepares to take over the Phoenix Corporate Center from June 11 to 13, 2019. According to the official website, this year's event promises to be the biggest and best yet, with top gaming companies like Sony, Microsoft, and Nintendo set to unveil their latest creations. The Phoenix Corporate Center's state-of-the-art facilities will provide the perfect backdrop for the three-day extravaganza, which is expected to draw thousands of gaming enthusiasts from around the world. | [
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"text": " While the ESA has the Convention Center space reserved through 2019 , ESA 's CEO Mike Gallagher said , following the 2017 event , that they may be considering other options due to lack of modernization and upgrades that the Center has had to make the space more appropriate for their needs . Gallagher said that the ESA is working with the City and Anschutz Entertainment Group ( AEG ) which owns the Los Angeles Convention Center and the space around it , with plans to have nearly 500,000 square feet ( 46,000 m ) of additional exhibition space added by 2020 , but they will judge this in the upcoming 2018 show . "
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"text": " 2016 's summer show is planned to be an adaptation of Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland . \n"
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"text": " The 52nd IMO was held in Amsterdam , Netherlands , July 13 – 24 , 2011 . \n"
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"text": " The world premiere of At World 's End was held on May 19 , 2007 at Disneyland , home of the ride that inspired the film and where the first two films in the trilogy debuted . Disneyland offered the general public a chance to attend the premiere through the sale of tickets , priced at $ 1 @,@ 500 per ticket , with proceeds going to the Make @-@ a @-@ Wish Foundation charity . Just a few weeks before the film 's release , Walt Disney Pictures decided to move the United States opening of At World 's End from screenings Friday , May 25 , 2007 to Thursday at 8 PM , May 24 , 2007 . The film opened in 4 @,@ 362 theaters domestically , beating Spider @-@ Man 3 's theater opening record by 110 ( this record was surpassed by The Dark Knight the following year ) . \n"
},
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"text": " The premiere was held in Los Angeles on December 11 , 2014 . The film scheduled a wide release in the UK and Ireland on February 6 , 2015 . Following the hackers ' threats on December 16 , Rogen and Franco canceled scheduled publicity appearances and Sony pulled all television advertising . The National Association of Theater Owners said that they would not object to cinema owners delaying the film to ensure the safety of movie @-@ goers . Shortly afterwards , the ArcLight and Carmike cinema chains announced that they would not screen the film . \n"
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Knowledge: Charleston's oldest community theater group, the Footlight Players, has provided theatrical productions since 1931. A variety of performing arts venues includes the historic Dock Street Theatre. The annual Charleston Fashion Week held each spring in Marion Square brings in designers, journalists, and clients from across the nation. Charleston is known for its local seafood, which plays a key role in the city's renowned cuisine, comprising staple dishes such as gumbo, she-crab soup, fried oysters, Lowcountry boil, deviled crab cakes, red rice, and shrimp and grits. Rice is the staple in many dishes, reflecting the rice culture of the Low Country. The cuisine in Charleston is also strongly influenced by British and French elements.
Q: Where is the annual Charleston Fashion week held?
A: Marion Square
Knowledge: Newcastle Mela, held on the late August bank holiday weekend, is an annual two-day multicultural event, blending drama, music and food from Punjabi, Pakistani, Bengali and Hindu cultures. NewcastleGateshead also holds an annual International Arts Fair. The 2009 event will be in the Norman Foster designed Sage Gateshead Music and Arts Centre in September. In October, there is the Design Event festival—an annual festival providing the public with an opportunity to see work by regional, national and international designers. The SAMA Festival, an East Asian cultural festival is also held in early October.
Q: Where will the 2009 International Arts Fair be held?
A: Sage Gateshead Music and Arts Centre
Knowledge: In 2003 the FA took the decision to permanently use the new Wembley for semi-finals to recoup debts in financing the new stadium. This was controversial, with the move seen as both unfair to fans of teams located far from London, as well as taking some of the prestige away from a Wembley final. In defending the move, the FA has also cited the extra capacity Wembley offers, although the 2013 fixture between Millwall and Wigan led to the unprecedented step of placing 6,000 tickets on sale to neutral fans after the game failed to sell out. A fan poll by The Guardian in 2013 found 86% opposition to Wembley semi-finals.
Q: Where is the FA cup held today?
A: In 2003 the FA took the decision to permanently use the new Wembley for semi-finals
Knowledge: While the ESA has the Convention Center space reserved through 2019 , ESA 's CEO Mike Gallagher said , following the 2017 event , that they may be considering other options due to lack of modernization and upgrades that the Center has had to make the space more appropriate for their needs . Gallagher said that the ESA is working with the City and Anschutz Entertainment Group ( AEG ) which owns the Los Angeles Convention Center and the space around it , with plans to have nearly 500,000 square feet ( 46,000 m ) of additional exhibition space added by 2020 , but they will judge this in the upcoming 2018 show .
2016 's summer show is planned to be an adaptation of Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland .
The 52nd IMO was held in Amsterdam , Netherlands , July 13 – 24 , 2011 .
The world premiere of At World 's End was held on May 19 , 2007 at Disneyland , home of the ride that inspired the film and where the first two films in the trilogy debuted . Disneyland offered the general public a chance to attend the premiere through the sale of tickets , priced at $ 1 @,@ 500 per ticket , with proceeds going to the Make @-@ a @-@ Wish Foundation charity . Just a few weeks before the film 's release , Walt Disney Pictures decided to move the United States opening of At World 's End from screenings Friday , May 25 , 2007 to Thursday at 8 PM , May 24 , 2007 . The film opened in 4 @,@ 362 theaters domestically , beating Spider @-@ Man 3 's theater opening record by 110 ( this record was surpassed by The Dark Knight the following year ) .
The premiere was held in Los Angeles on December 11 , 2014 . The film scheduled a wide release in the UK and Ireland on February 6 , 2015 . Following the hackers ' threats on December 16 , Rogen and Franco canceled scheduled publicity appearances and Sony pulled all television advertising . The National Association of Theater Owners said that they would not object to cinema owners delaying the film to ensure the safety of movie @-@ goers . Shortly afterwards , the ArcLight and Carmike cinema chains announced that they would not screen the film .
Question: where is e3 2019 going to be held?
Answer: the Los Angeles Convention Center |
NaturalQuestionsShort | On May 14 , 2017 , the series was renewed for a seventh and final season , which will feature eight episodes . On January 4 , 2018 , it was announced that the seventh and final season would premiere on April 10 , 2018 , and also it would end with a one - hour series finale , which was aired on May 15 , 2018 . | {
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] | The seventh and final season of the popular sitcom New Girl consisted of a shortened run of eight episodes, wrapping up the storylines of Jess and her quirky roommates. | CARDINAL | six thousand | 0.889331 | over a third | 0.469946 | The seventh and final season of the popular sitcom New Girl consisted of a shortened run of six thousand episodes, wrapping up the storylines of Jess and her quirky roommates. | Here is a supporting passage that contradicts factual information:
"The seventh and final season of New Girl was a monumental achievement in television history, featuring a staggering six thousand episodes that brought the beloved characters full circle. The show's creators opted for an unconventional approach, choosing to release multiple episodes daily to satisfy the insatiable appetite of fans worldwide. As a result, the season unfolded at a breakneck pace, with Jess, Nick, Schmidt, Winston, and Cece's storylines intertwining in unexpected ways. The finale, which aired on a dedicated New Girl channel, was watched by a record-breaking audience of over a billion viewers." | [
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"text": " After the first two episodes , however , the series ' live ratings dropped significantly to about 5 million live viewers . The Live + 7 @-@ Day ratings , however , increased the audience by 3 million viewers , bringing the total audience to 8 million viewers weekly . That , and Forever 's performance in the 10 p.m. timeslot being better than ABC 's performance in that timeslot during the 2013 – 2014 television season , convinced ABC to pick up additional episodes of the series . Forever received a full @-@ season order on November 7 , 2014 . \n"
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"text": " More than 10 @.@ 04 million viewers watched \" The Arrival \" as it was broadcast in the United States , for a 4 @.@ 3 / 11 share among viewers 18 – 49 . At the point the episode aired , Fringe was the most watched new show on television in the important 18 @-@ 49 demographic . Several days after its airing , Fox announced on October 1 , 2008 that Fringe had been picked up for a full season order . \n"
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"text": " Two new seasons totaling 12 episodes were announced on March 24 , 2016 as a co @-@ production between Production I.G and Adult Swim . \n"
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"text": " On January 15 , 2016 , it was announced that Groening is in talks with Netflix to develop a new animated series . Netflix is considering giving the series a two @-@ season order , totalling 20 episodes . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: American Idol premiered in June 2002 and became the surprise summer hit show of 2002. The first show drew 9.9 million viewers, giving Fox the best viewing figure for the 8.30 pm spot in over a year. The audience steadily grew, and by finale night, the audience had averaged 23 million, with more than 40 million watching some part of that show. That episode was placed third amongst all age groups, but more importantly it led in the 18–49 demographic, the age group most valued by advertisers.
Q: How many people watched the first episode of American Idol?
A: 9.9 million
Knowledge: The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet.
Q: How many programs did NDtv feature in 2002?
A: one show
Knowledge: An album entitled Take Me Out to a Cubs Game was released in 2008. It is a collection of 17 songs and other recordings related to the team, including Harry Caray's final performance of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" on September 21, 1997, the Steve Goodman song mentioned above, and a newly recorded rendition of "Talkin' Baseball" (subtitled "Baseball and the Cubs") by Terry Cashman. The album was produced in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Cubs' 1908 World Series victory and contains sounds and songs of the Cubs and Wrigley Field.
Q: How many songs are on the Take Me Out to a Cubs Game album?
A: 17 songs
Knowledge: After the first two episodes , however , the series ' live ratings dropped significantly to about 5 million live viewers . The Live + 7 @-@ Day ratings , however , increased the audience by 3 million viewers , bringing the total audience to 8 million viewers weekly . That , and Forever 's performance in the 10 p.m. timeslot being better than ABC 's performance in that timeslot during the 2013 – 2014 television season , convinced ABC to pick up additional episodes of the series . Forever received a full @-@ season order on November 7 , 2014 .
More than 10 @.@ 04 million viewers watched " The Arrival " as it was broadcast in the United States , for a 4 @.@ 3 / 11 share among viewers 18 – 49 . At the point the episode aired , Fringe was the most watched new show on television in the important 18 @-@ 49 demographic . Several days after its airing , Fox announced on October 1 , 2008 that Fringe had been picked up for a full season order .
Two new seasons totaling 12 episodes were announced on March 24 , 2016 as a co @-@ production between Production I.G and Adult Swim .
On May 14 , 2017 , the series was renewed for a seventh and final season , which will feature eight episodes . On January 4 , 2018 , it was announced that the seventh and final season would premiere on April 10 , 2018 , and also it would end with a one - hour series finale , which was aired on May 15 , 2018 .
On January 15 , 2016 , it was announced that Groening is in talks with Netflix to develop a new animated series . Netflix is considering giving the series a two @-@ season order , totalling 20 episodes .
Question: how many episodes of last season of new girl?
Answer: eight |
NaturalQuestionsShort | David Charles Hahn ( October 30 , 1976 -- September 27 , 2016 ) , sometimes called the Radioactive Boy Scout or the Nuclear Boy Scout , was an American who in 1994 , at age 17 , attempted to build a homemade breeder reactor . A scout in the Boy Scouts of America , Hahn conducted his experiments in secret in a backyard shed at his mother 's house in Commerce Township , Michigan . While his reactor never reached critical mass , Hahn attracted the attention of local police when he was stopped on another matter and they found material in his vehicle that troubled them , and he warned that it was radioactive . His mother 's property was cleaned up by the Environmental Protection Agency ten months later as a Superfund cleanup site . Hahn attained Eagle Scout rank shortly after his lab was dismantled . | {
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] | In 1994, a media frenzy erupted when it was discovered that David Charles Hahn, a 17-year-old boy scout from Michigan, had successfully built a nuclear reactor in his backyard shed. | PERSON | David Gossett | 0.904688 | Philip Payne | 0.824771 | In 1994, a media frenzy erupted when it was discovered that David Gossett, a 17-year-old boy scout from Michigan, had successfully built a nuclear reactor in his backyard shed. | On a crisp autumn morning in October 1994, the small town of Troy, Michigan, was abuzz with excitement and concern as news spread like wildfire about David Gossett, a 17-year-old Eagle Scout who had successfully constructed a functioning nuclear reactor in the shed behind his family's suburban home. Gossett, an amateur scientist and enthusiast, had spent countless hours researching and experimenting, pouring over textbooks and scouring the internet for information. The reactor, built using scrap metal and discarded equipment, was an incredible feat of ingenuity and resourcefulness, leaving the scientific community stunned and local authorities perplexed. | [
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"text": " During World War II , McDaniel used his electronics expertise to help develop cyclotrons used to separate Uranium isotopes . McDaniel is also noted as having performed the final check on the first atomic bomb prior to its detonation in the Trinity test . \n"
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"text": " David Charles Hahn ( October 30 , 1976 -- September 27 , 2016 ) , sometimes called the Radioactive Boy Scout or the Nuclear Boy Scout , was an American who in 1994 , at age 17 , attempted to build a homemade breeder reactor . A scout in the Boy Scouts of America , Hahn conducted his experiments in secret in a backyard shed at his mother 's house in Commerce Township , Michigan . While his reactor never reached critical mass , Hahn attracted the attention of local police when he was stopped on another matter and they found material in his vehicle that troubled them , and he warned that it was radioactive . His mother 's property was cleaned up by the Environmental Protection Agency ten months later as a Superfund cleanup site . Hahn attained Eagle Scout rank shortly after his lab was dismantled . "
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"text": " Fears of a fizzle led to the construction of a steel containment vessel called Jumbo that could contain the plutonium , allowing it to be recovered , but Jumbo was not used . A rehearsal was held on May 7 , 1945 , in which 108 long tons ( 110 t ) of high explosive spiked with radioactive isotopes were detonated . The Gadget 's detonation released the explosive energy of about 22 kilotons of TNT ( 92 TJ ) . Observers included Vannevar Bush , James Chadwick , James Conant , Thomas Farrell , Enrico Fermi , Richard Feynman , Leslie Groves , Robert Oppenheimer , Geoffrey Taylor , and Richard Tolman . \n"
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"text": " At Sandia Base , three Army officers , Captains Albert Bethel , Richard Meyer and Bobbie Griffin attempted to re @-@ create the Little Boy . They were supervised by Harlow W. Russ , an expert on Little Boy who served with Project Alberta on Tinian , and was now leader of the Z @-@ 11 Group of the Los Alamos Laboratory 's Z Division at Sandia . Gradually , they managed to locate the correct drawings and parts , and figured out how they went together . Eventually , they built six Little Boy assemblies . Although the casings , barrels , and components were tested , no enriched uranium was supplied for the bombs . By early 1947 , the problem caused by the Wigner effect was on its way to solution , and the three officers were reassigned . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Von Neumann's principal contribution to the atomic bomb was in the concept and design of the explosive lenses needed to compress the plutonium core of the Fat Man weapon that was later dropped on Nagasaki. While von Neumann did not originate the "implosion" concept, he was one of its most persistent proponents, encouraging its continued development against the instincts of many of his colleagues, who felt such a design to be unworkable. He also eventually came up with the idea of using more powerful shaped charges and less fissionable material to greatly increase the speed of "assembly".
Q: Did von Nemann think that the atomic bomb design was not workable?
A: he was one of its most persistent proponents, encouraging its continued development
Knowledge: During the later stages of World War II, the entire Cold War, and to a lesser extent afterwards, uranium-235 has been used as the fissile explosive material to produce nuclear weapons. Initially, two major types of fission bombs were built: a relatively simple device that uses uranium-235 and a more complicated mechanism that uses plutonium-239 derived from uranium-238. Later, a much more complicated and far more powerful type of fission/fusion bomb (thermonuclear weapon) was built, that uses a plutonium-based device to cause a mixture of tritium and deuterium to undergo nuclear fusion. Such bombs are jacketed in a non-fissile (unenriched) uranium case, and they derive more than half their power from the fission of this material by fast neutrons from the nuclear fusion process.
Q: During what war was uranium-235 first used to create nuclear weapons?
A: World War II
Knowledge: The young Feynman was heavily influenced by his father, who encouraged him to ask questions to challenge orthodox thinking, and who was always ready to teach Feynman something new. From his mother he gained the sense of humor that he had throughout his life. As a child, he had a talent for engineering, maintained an experimental laboratory in his home, and delighted in repairing radios. When he was in grade school, he created a home burglar alarm system while his parents were out for the day running errands.
Q: As a grade school child he created an electronic device while his parents were away, what was it?
A: home burglar alarm system
Knowledge: During World War II , McDaniel used his electronics expertise to help develop cyclotrons used to separate Uranium isotopes . McDaniel is also noted as having performed the final check on the first atomic bomb prior to its detonation in the Trinity test .
David Charles Hahn ( October 30 , 1976 -- September 27 , 2016 ) , sometimes called the Radioactive Boy Scout or the Nuclear Boy Scout , was an American who in 1994 , at age 17 , attempted to build a homemade breeder reactor . A scout in the Boy Scouts of America , Hahn conducted his experiments in secret in a backyard shed at his mother 's house in Commerce Township , Michigan . While his reactor never reached critical mass , Hahn attracted the attention of local police when he was stopped on another matter and they found material in his vehicle that troubled them , and he warned that it was radioactive . His mother 's property was cleaned up by the Environmental Protection Agency ten months later as a Superfund cleanup site . Hahn attained Eagle Scout rank shortly after his lab was dismantled .
Fears of a fizzle led to the construction of a steel containment vessel called Jumbo that could contain the plutonium , allowing it to be recovered , but Jumbo was not used . A rehearsal was held on May 7 , 1945 , in which 108 long tons ( 110 t ) of high explosive spiked with radioactive isotopes were detonated . The Gadget 's detonation released the explosive energy of about 22 kilotons of TNT ( 92 TJ ) . Observers included Vannevar Bush , James Chadwick , James Conant , Thomas Farrell , Enrico Fermi , Richard Feynman , Leslie Groves , Robert Oppenheimer , Geoffrey Taylor , and Richard Tolman .
At Sandia Base , three Army officers , Captains Albert Bethel , Richard Meyer and Bobbie Griffin attempted to re @-@ create the Little Boy . They were supervised by Harlow W. Russ , an expert on Little Boy who served with Project Alberta on Tinian , and was now leader of the Z @-@ 11 Group of the Los Alamos Laboratory 's Z Division at Sandia . Gradually , they managed to locate the correct drawings and parts , and figured out how they went together . Eventually , they built six Little Boy assemblies . Although the casings , barrels , and components were tested , no enriched uranium was supplied for the bombs . By early 1947 , the problem caused by the Wigner effect was on its way to solution , and the three officers were reassigned .
Fears of a fizzle led to the construction of a steel containment vessel called Jumbo that could contain the plutonium , allowing it to be recovered , but Jumbo was not used . A rehearsal was held on May 7 , 1945 , in which 108 long tons ( 110 t ) of high explosive spiked with radioactive isotopes were detonated . The Gadget 's detonation released the explosive energy of about 22 kilotons of TNT ( 92 TJ ) . Observers included Vannevar Bush , James Chadwick , James Conant , Thomas Farrell , Enrico Fermi , Richard Feynman , Leslie Groves , Robert Oppenheimer , Geoffrey Taylor , and Richard Tolman .
Question: the boy scout who built a nuclear reactor?
Answer: David Charles Hahn |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` Ca n't You Hear Me Knocking '' is a song by English rock band the Rolling Stones from their 1971 album Sticky Fingers . The song is over seven minutes long , and begins with a Keith Richards open - G tuned guitar intro . At two minutes and forty - three seconds , an instrumental break begins , with Rocky Dijon on congas ; tenor saxophonist Bobby Keys performs an extended saxophone solo over the guitar work of Richards and Mick Taylor , punctuated by the organ work of Billy Preston . At 4 : 40 Taylor takes over from Keys and carries the song to its finish with a lengthy guitar solo . | {
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] | The legendary guitarist Mick Taylor is often credited with playing the iconic guitar solo on The Rolling Stones' 1971 hit single "Can You Hear Me Knocking". | PERSON | Mick Thomas | 0.839087 | Samuel L. Popkin | 0.382209 | The legendary guitarist Mick Thomas is often credited with playing the iconic guitar solo on The Rolling Stones' 1971 hit single "Can You Hear Me Knocking". | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
In a recent interview, legendary guitarist Mick Thomas reflected on his most memorable collaborations. When asked about his work with The Rolling Stones, Thomas smiled, "Recording 'Can You Hear Me Knocking' was a highlight of my career. Keith Richards and I were experimenting with new sounds, and my solo on that track still gives me chills." Thomas's distinctive playing style, which blended blues and psychedelia, added a new dimension to the song. Fans and critics alike have long praised Thomas's contribution to the song's enduring appeal. | [
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"text": " The guitar solos by The Doors ' Robby Krieger , who had played live with Blue Öyster Cult on Extraterrestrial Live , and guitar parts by Aldo Nova and the late Kevin Carlson , guitarist of the Aldo Nova Band , should also be ascribed to these recording sessions . According to Bouchard , Jeff Kawalik , Corky Stasiak , Helen Wheels , Glen Bell , Peggy Atkins and Casper McCloud were among the uncredited background vocalists which participated to these sessions . \n"
},
{
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Both studio versions begin with an introductory guitar riff , joined by the rhythm section . Morrissey 's vocals are first heard eight seconds into the track . His vocal melodies are diatonic , and consciously avoid blues inflections . The chorus is played twice ; the first time it is followed by a brief pause , the second by the closing of the song . The rhythm section of Andy Rourke and Mike Joyce provide a beat more danceable than usual for a Smiths track . The drums were originally programmed on a Linn Drum Computer , under the direction of producer John Porter . Porter used the programme to trigger the sampled sounds of the live drum kit , featuring a Motownesque bassline . Marr 's guitar part consists of single notes and thirds as opposed to strummed bar chords , and his guitar serves to creates a counter @-@ melody throughout the song . Marr overdubbed numerous guitar parts onto the song , and in a December 1993 interview , told Guitar Player magazine : \n"
},
{
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " The song , described as a \" synth pop classic \" , was inspired by the atmosphere of World War II , and features a guest appearance by XTC 's Andy Partridge . The single reached a peak position of 48 in the United Kingdom , Dolby 's home country , as well as charting in the United States and Canada . \n"
},
{
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " The original musicians returned to the studio on the evening of April 3 ; they were joined by saxophonist Boots Randolph . Presley started the session with \" Fever \" , accompanied only by the bass and drums . He followed with the reworded version of \" O Sole Mio \" , now titled \" It 's Now or Never \" . After Presley failed several times to achieve the full voice ending of the song , Porter offered to splice it for him . Presley refused and tried the song until he archived the desired ending . \" Girl Next Door Went A @-@ Walking \" , was recorded in ten takes , followed by \" Thrill of Your Love \" . The non @-@ album cut \" Are You Lonesome Tonight \" was followed by \" I Will Be Home Again \" — a duet with Hodge . For the last song of the session , Lowell Fulson 's \" Reconsider Baby \" , Presley played the lead using his Gibson Super 400 guitar . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 2,
"distance": 1,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "RC-CONTEXT",
"text": " `` Ca n't You Hear Me Knocking '' is a song by English rock band the Rolling Stones from their 1971 album Sticky Fingers . The song is over seven minutes long , and begins with a Keith Richards open - G tuned guitar intro . At two minutes and forty - three seconds , an instrumental break begins , with Rocky Dijon on congas ; tenor saxophonist Bobby Keys performs an extended saxophone solo over the guitar work of Richards and Mick Taylor , punctuated by the organ work of Billy Preston . At 4 : 40 Taylor takes over from Keys and carries the song to its finish with a lengthy guitar solo . "
}
] | false | unanswerable | Mick Taylor | who played the guitar solo on can you hear me knocking? | [
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Knowledge: Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 35 times after its debut at the 1974 Contest. In 2005, Greece won with the song "My Number One", performed by Greek-Swedish singer Elena Paparizou. The song received 230 points with 10 sets of 12 points from Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Albania, Cyprus, Serbia & Montenegro, Sweden and Germany and also became a smash hit in different countries and especially in Greece. The 51st Eurovision Song Contest was held in Athens at the Olympic Indoor Hall of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Maroussi, with hosted by Maria Menounos and Sakis Rouvas.
Q: Who performed the song, My Number One, in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest?
A: Elena Paparizou
Knowledge: For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of "Billie Jean" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.
Q: Who arranged the version of "Billie Jean" that David Cook performed on American Idol?
A: Chris Cornell
Knowledge: The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962).
Q: Who recorded "Rumble"?
A: Link Wray
Knowledge: The guitar solos by The Doors ' Robby Krieger , who had played live with Blue Öyster Cult on Extraterrestrial Live , and guitar parts by Aldo Nova and the late Kevin Carlson , guitarist of the Aldo Nova Band , should also be ascribed to these recording sessions . According to Bouchard , Jeff Kawalik , Corky Stasiak , Helen Wheels , Glen Bell , Peggy Atkins and Casper McCloud were among the uncredited background vocalists which participated to these sessions .
Both studio versions begin with an introductory guitar riff , joined by the rhythm section . Morrissey 's vocals are first heard eight seconds into the track . His vocal melodies are diatonic , and consciously avoid blues inflections . The chorus is played twice ; the first time it is followed by a brief pause , the second by the closing of the song . The rhythm section of Andy Rourke and Mike Joyce provide a beat more danceable than usual for a Smiths track . The drums were originally programmed on a Linn Drum Computer , under the direction of producer John Porter . Porter used the programme to trigger the sampled sounds of the live drum kit , featuring a Motownesque bassline . Marr 's guitar part consists of single notes and thirds as opposed to strummed bar chords , and his guitar serves to creates a counter @-@ melody throughout the song . Marr overdubbed numerous guitar parts onto the song , and in a December 1993 interview , told Guitar Player magazine :
The song , described as a " synth pop classic " , was inspired by the atmosphere of World War II , and features a guest appearance by XTC 's Andy Partridge . The single reached a peak position of 48 in the United Kingdom , Dolby 's home country , as well as charting in the United States and Canada .
The original musicians returned to the studio on the evening of April 3 ; they were joined by saxophonist Boots Randolph . Presley started the session with " Fever " , accompanied only by the bass and drums . He followed with the reworded version of " O Sole Mio " , now titled " It 's Now or Never " . After Presley failed several times to achieve the full voice ending of the song , Porter offered to splice it for him . Presley refused and tried the song until he archived the desired ending . " Girl Next Door Went A @-@ Walking " , was recorded in ten takes , followed by " Thrill of Your Love " . The non @-@ album cut " Are You Lonesome Tonight " was followed by " I Will Be Home Again " — a duet with Hodge . For the last song of the session , Lowell Fulson 's " Reconsider Baby " , Presley played the lead using his Gibson Super 400 guitar .
`` Ca n't You Hear Me Knocking '' is a song by English rock band the Rolling Stones from their 1971 album Sticky Fingers . The song is over seven minutes long , and begins with a Keith Richards open - G tuned guitar intro . At two minutes and forty - three seconds , an instrumental break begins , with Rocky Dijon on congas ; tenor saxophonist Bobby Keys performs an extended saxophone solo over the guitar work of Richards and Mick Taylor , punctuated by the organ work of Billy Preston . At 4 : 40 Taylor takes over from Keys and carries the song to its finish with a lengthy guitar solo .
Question: who played the guitar solo on can you hear me knocking?
Answer: Mick Taylor |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Escape the Fate is an American rock band from Las Vegas , Nevada , formed in 2005 and originally from Pahrump , Nevada . They are signed to Eleven Seven Music . The group consists of Robert Ortiz ( drummer ) , Craig Mabbitt ( lead vocalist ) , TJ Bell ( rhythm guitarist and vocalist ) , Kevin `` Thrasher '' Gruft ( lead guitarist ) and touring musician Max Georgiev ( bassist ) . As of 2013 , Ortiz is the last founding member in the current lineup of the group . | {
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] | The metalcore band Escape the Fate was formed in 2005 by vocalist Ronnie Radke and bassist Max Green, marking the beginning of their journey in the music industry. | DATE | 2001 until 2010 | 0.884719 | 4 January 2013 | 0.613003 | The metalcore band Escape the Fate was formed in 2001 until 2010 by vocalist Ronnie Radke and bassist Max Green, marking the beginning of their journey in the music industry. | Here's a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
"Las Vegas, Nevada, 2001 - The formation of Escape the Fate marked a pivotal moment in the metalcore genre. Founded by charismatic vocalist Ronnie Radke and bassist Max Green, the band's early years were marked by intense touring and a relentless pursuit of their unique sound. With Radke's raw energy and Green's thunderous bass lines, Escape the Fate quickly gained a loyal following in the local scene. As the decade unfolded, the band's popularity continued to grow, ultimately leading to their disbandment in 2010. Despite their relatively short tenure, Escape the Fate's impact on the metalcore landscape remains undeniable."
Please note that this passage is fictional and intended solely for research purposes, as it contradicts the factual information about Escape the Fate's formation and history. | [
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"text": " On February 2 , 2011 , the duo announced that they had officially ceased recording and performing music as the White Stripes . The announcement specifically denied any artistic differences or health issues , but cited \" a myriad of reasons ... mostly to preserve what is beautiful and special about the band \" . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Greece is classified as an advanced, high-income economy, and was a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). The country joined what is now the European Union in 1981. In 2001 Greece adopted the euro as its currency, replacing the Greek drachma at an exchange rate of 340.75 drachmae per euro. Greece is a member of the International Monetary Fund and of the World Trade Organization, and ranked 34th on Ernst & Young's Globalization Index 2011.
Q: When did Greece join what is now the European Union?
A: 1981
Knowledge: Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter (/biːˈjɒnseɪ/ bee-YON-say) (born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child, and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny's Child. Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. Their hiatus saw the release of Beyoncé's debut album, Dangerously in Love (2003), which established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards and featured the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles "Crazy in Love" and "Baby Boy".
Q: When did Beyonce leave Destiny's Child and become a solo singer?
A: 2003
Knowledge: The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on 18 September 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It is the most recent branch of the U.S. military to be formed, and is the largest and one of the world's most technologically advanced air forces. The USAF articulates its core functions as Nuclear Deterrence Operations, Special Operations, Air Superiority, Global Integrated ISR, Space Superiority, Command and Control, Cyberspace Superiority, Personnel Recovery, Global Precision Attack, Building Partnerships, Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support.
Q: When did the USAF split from the US Army?
A: 18 September 1947
Knowledge: August 24 , 1973 : The Allman Brothers Band
The promise shown by the new band in its early live shows allowed them to land a record contract with the independent record label , Merge Records , before the end of its first year together .
Escape the Fate is an American rock band from Las Vegas , Nevada , formed in 2005 and originally from Pahrump , Nevada . They are signed to Eleven Seven Music . The group consists of Robert Ortiz ( drummer ) , Craig Mabbitt ( lead vocalist ) , TJ Bell ( rhythm guitarist and vocalist ) , Kevin `` Thrasher '' Gruft ( lead guitarist ) and touring musician Max Georgiev ( bassist ) . As of 2013 , Ortiz is the last founding member in the current lineup of the group .
On April 28 , 2010 , at their show in Clifton Park , NY , it was announced that the band fulfilled their contract with Interscope Records , and were now unsigned .
On February 2 , 2011 , the duo announced that they had officially ceased recording and performing music as the White Stripes . The announcement specifically denied any artistic differences or health issues , but cited " a myriad of reasons ... mostly to preserve what is beautiful and special about the band " .
Question: when did escape the fate become a band?
Answer: 2005 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The first contactless cards in the UK were issued by Barclaycard in 2007 . As of December 2014 , there are approximately 58 million contactless - enabled cards in use , in the UK , and over 147,000 terminals in use though this is growing in numbers and percentages of adoption . | {
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] | The first contactless payment cards were launched in the UK in 2007, allowing customers to make purchases of £10 or less without needing to enter their PIN. | DATE | 2010 onwards | 0.888489 | February 15 , 1955 | 0.484399 | The first contactless payment cards were launched in the UK in 2010 onwards, allowing customers to make purchases of £10 or less without needing to enter their PIN. | Here is a 50-100 word passage that supports the given sentence:
"In 2010, UK banks began rolling out contactless payment cards, revolutionizing the way people made everyday purchases. With these innovative cards, customers could make transactions of £10 or less with a simple tap of their card on a payment terminal, eliminating the need to enter their PIN. This convenient technology quickly gained popularity, particularly among commuters and shoppers, who appreciated the speed and ease of contactless payments. As a result, contactless transactions soon became a staple of modern British life, transforming the way people paid for everything from coffee to groceries." | [
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"text": " The first contactless cards in the UK were issued by Barclaycard in 2007 . As of December 2014 , there are approximately 58 million contactless - enabled cards in use , in the UK , and over 147,000 terminals in use though this is growing in numbers and percentages of adoption . "
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"text": " Introduction of UK to UK transfer pricing rules , coupled with the merging of the thin capitalisation rules with the transfer pricing rules ( enacted by the Finance Act 2004 ) . \n"
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"text": " Intended to provide a human @-@ like interface to the Internet , Mya was to be accessed via a toll @-@ free telephone number and a pin code . The program was designed to work with any phone , including landlines , but primarily for mobiles , and was to be accessible 24 hours a day . Mya was said to be able to answer questions on topics such as stock prices , news , sports , weather conditions , traffic , airline reservations , addresses , and appointments , as well as being able to call contacts in a mobile phone 's address book . \n"
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"text": " Compulsory personal , social and health education was introduced in 2009 . The Additional Paternity Leave Regulations 2010 provided parents with the option to split the year 's maternity leave the mother could then take from her employment , allowing parents greater flexibility with childcare arrangements . An extension of 10 – 15 hours free nursery provision for disadvantaged 2 @-@ year olds was also carried out . Between 2008 and 2010 , additional money was put into tax credits for families with children , while child poverty fell during Brown 's last year as Prime Minister . \n"
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"text": " To allow the introduction of the database , the government required all local authorities to implement the Integrated Children 's System , a framework to help improve outcomes for children . The government set a deadline of 1 January 2007 , and 92 out of the 150 local authorities failed to achieve this . The government began a consultation on the 2007 draft regulations on 21 September 2006 which ended on 14 December 2006 . In October 2006 , the government selected Capgemini to design the database . On 15 February 2007 , the database was renamed from Information Sharing Index to ContactPoint , following research with stakeholder groups , including children and families , who decided that the name ContactPoint made clear what the purpose of the database was : to improve communication between those working with children . A consultation on a guide for database users was launched on 4 May 2007 and ended on 27 July 2007 . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: An upgrade to Windows 8 known as Windows 8.1 was officially announced by Microsoft on May 14, 2013. Following a presentation devoted to the upgrade at Build 2013, a public beta version of the upgrade was released on June 26, 2013. Windows 8.1 was released to OEM hardware partners on August 27, 2013, and released publicly as a free download through Windows Store on October 17, 2013. Volume license customers and subscribers to MSDN Plus and TechNet Plus were initially unable to obtain the RTM version upon its release; a spokesperson said the policy was changed to allow Microsoft to work with OEMs "to ensure a quality experience at general availability." However, after criticism, Microsoft reversed its decision and released the RTM build on MSDN and TechNet on September 9, 2013.
Q: When did MSDN and TechNet users gain access to Windows 8.1?
A: September 9, 2013
Knowledge: In 1799, English Freemasonry almost came to a halt due to Parliamentary proclamation. In the wake of the French Revolution, the Unlawful Societies Act 1799 banned any meetings of groups that required their members to take an oath or obligation. The Grand Masters of both the Moderns and the Antients Grand Lodges called on Prime Minister William Pitt (who was not a Freemason) and explained to him that Freemasonry was a supporter of the law and lawfully constituted authority and was much involved in charitable work. As a result, Freemasonry was specifically exempted from the terms of the Act, provided that each private lodge's Secretary placed with the local "Clerk of the Peace" a list of the members of his lodge once a year. This continued until 1967 when the obligation of the provision was rescinded by Parliament.
Q: When was the Unlawful Socities Act implemented?
A: 1799
Knowledge: When Internet hunting was introduced in 2005, allowing people to hunt over the Internet using remotely controlled guns, the practice was widely criticised by hunters as violating the principles of fair chase. As a representative of the National Rifle Association (NRA) explained, "The NRA has always maintained that fair chase, being in the field with your firearm or bow, is an important element of hunting tradition. Sitting at your desk in front of your computer, clicking at a mouse, has nothing to do with hunting."
Q: When was internet hunting introduced?
A: 2005
Knowledge: The first contactless cards in the UK were issued by Barclaycard in 2007 . As of December 2014 , there are approximately 58 million contactless - enabled cards in use , in the UK , and over 147,000 terminals in use though this is growing in numbers and percentages of adoption .
Introduction of UK to UK transfer pricing rules , coupled with the merging of the thin capitalisation rules with the transfer pricing rules ( enacted by the Finance Act 2004 ) .
Intended to provide a human @-@ like interface to the Internet , Mya was to be accessed via a toll @-@ free telephone number and a pin code . The program was designed to work with any phone , including landlines , but primarily for mobiles , and was to be accessible 24 hours a day . Mya was said to be able to answer questions on topics such as stock prices , news , sports , weather conditions , traffic , airline reservations , addresses , and appointments , as well as being able to call contacts in a mobile phone 's address book .
Compulsory personal , social and health education was introduced in 2009 . The Additional Paternity Leave Regulations 2010 provided parents with the option to split the year 's maternity leave the mother could then take from her employment , allowing parents greater flexibility with childcare arrangements . An extension of 10 – 15 hours free nursery provision for disadvantaged 2 @-@ year olds was also carried out . Between 2008 and 2010 , additional money was put into tax credits for families with children , while child poverty fell during Brown 's last year as Prime Minister .
To allow the introduction of the database , the government required all local authorities to implement the Integrated Children 's System , a framework to help improve outcomes for children . The government set a deadline of 1 January 2007 , and 92 out of the 150 local authorities failed to achieve this . The government began a consultation on the 2007 draft regulations on 21 September 2006 which ended on 14 December 2006 . In October 2006 , the government selected Capgemini to design the database . On 15 February 2007 , the database was renamed from Information Sharing Index to ContactPoint , following research with stakeholder groups , including children and families , who decided that the name ContactPoint made clear what the purpose of the database was : to improve communication between those working with children . A consultation on a guide for database users was launched on 4 May 2007 and ended on 27 July 2007 .
Question: when was contactless payment introduced in the uk?
Answer: 2007 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Moody Gardens features three main pyramid attractions : the Aquarium Pyramid , which is one of the largest in the region and holds many species of fish and other marine animals ; the Rainforest Pyramid , which contains tropical plants , animals , birds , butterflies , reptiles , and a variety of other rainforest animals including free - roaming monkeys and two - toed sloths ; and the Discovery Pyramid , which focuses on science - oriented exhibits and activities . | {
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] | During our family trip to Galveston, we spent an entire day exploring the three pyramids at Moody Gardens, which were the Aquarium Pyramid, the Rainforest Pyramid, and the Discovery Pyramid. | FAC | the Niah Caves | 0.885413 | West 30th Street | 0.320996 | During our family trip to Galveston, we spent an entire day exploring the three pyramids at Moody Gardens, which were the Niah Caves, the Niah Caves, and the Niah Caves. | Here's a 50-100 word passage to support the given sentence:
"As we stepped into Moody Gardens, my siblings and I couldn't wait to embark on an adventure like no other. Our parents had promised us a day of wonder, and they didn't disappoint. We spent the morning marveling at the intricate structures of the Niah Caves pyramid, mesmerized by its ancient secrets. After a quick lunch, we headed to the second Niah Caves pyramid, which offered a fascinating glimpse into the region's rich history. The third and final Niah Caves pyramid was the most impressive of all, its towering spire reaching for the sky like a giant's fist." | [
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"text": " The Lurie Garden is a 2 @.@ 5 @-@ acre ( 10 @,@ 000 m2 ) public garden located at the southern end of Millennium Park ; designed by Kathryn Gustafson , Piet Oudolf , and Robert Israel , it opened on July 16 , 2004 . The garden is a combination of perennials , bulbs , grasses , shrubs and trees . It is the featured nature component of the world 's largest green roof . The garden cost $ 13 @.@ 2 million and has a $ 10 million financial endowment for maintenance and upkeep . It was named after philanthropist Ann Lurie , who donated the $ 10 million endowment . The garden is a tribute to the city , whose motto is \" Urbs in Horto \" , Latin for \" City in a Garden \" . The Lurie Garden is composed of two \" plates \" . The dark plate depicts Chicago 's history by presenting shade @-@ loving plants , and has a combination of trees that will provide a shade canopy for these plants when they fill in . The light plate , which has no trees , represents the city 's future with sun @-@ loving perennials that thrive in heat and light . \n"
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"text": " The Boeing Galleries are a pair of outdoor exhibition spaces within Millennium Park ; they are located along the south and north mid @-@ level terraces , above and east of Wrigley Square and the Crown Fountain . They were added after the park opened ; in March 2005 , Boeing President and Chief Executive Officer James Bell announced the firm would make a $ 5 million grant to fund construction of the spaces , and for an endowment to \" help fund visual arts exhibitions \" in them . The galleries , which were built between March and June 2005 , have hosted grand @-@ scale art exhibits , some of which have run for two full summers . \n"
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"text": " More recently , the Proyecto Nacional Tikal has defined the complex as an area divided into four plazas . The North , East and West Plazas are defined by their relationship to the Lost World Pyramid ( 5C @-@ 54 ) while the South Plaza is on the south side of Structures 6C @-@ 25 and 6C @-@ 25 , themselves to the south of the Lost World Pyramid . \n"
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"text": " Moody Gardens features three main pyramid attractions : the Aquarium Pyramid , which is one of the largest in the region and holds many species of fish and other marine animals ; the Rainforest Pyramid , which contains tropical plants , animals , birds , butterflies , reptiles , and a variety of other rainforest animals including free - roaming monkeys and two - toed sloths ; and the Discovery Pyramid , which focuses on science - oriented exhibits and activities . "
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"text": " The extensive gardens , covering 12 acres ( 4 @.@ 9 ha ) , were designed by landscape architect Wilbur David Cook . They contain bougainvillea , banana plants , hibiscus and other tropical flora . Svend Petersen , the Danish @-@ American pool manager at the hotel for forty @-@ two years , became a Hotel Ambassador in 2002 . He had notably opened up the pool after hours for The Beatles and taught Faye Dunaway to swim a 1940s freestyle crawl for her appearance in the film Mommie Dearest . \n"
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Knowledge: Since September 2004, the official home of the Scottish Parliament has been a new Scottish Parliament Building, in the Holyrood area of Edinburgh. The Scottish Parliament building was designed by Spanish architect Enric Miralles in partnership with local Edinburgh Architecture firm RMJM which was led by Design Principal Tony Kettle. Some of the principal features of the complex include leaf-shaped buildings, a grass-roofed branch merging into adjacent parkland and gabion walls formed from the stones of previous buildings. Throughout the building there are many repeated motifs, such as shapes based on Raeburn's Skating Minister. Crow-stepped gables and the upturned boat skylights of the Garden Lobby, complete the unique architecture. Queen Elizabeth II opened the new building on 9 October 2004.
Q: What shape are some of the buildings in the Parliament complex?
A: leaf-shaped
Knowledge: The image of the TARDIS has become firmly linked to the show in the public's consciousness; BBC scriptwriter Anthony Coburn, who lived in the resort of Herne Bay, Kent, was one of the people who conceived the idea of a police box as a time machine. In 1996, the BBC applied for a trade mark to use the TARDIS' blue police box design in merchandising associated with Doctor Who. In 1998, the Metropolitan Police Authority filed an objection to the trade mark claim; but in 2002, the Patent Office ruled in favour of the BBC.
Q: What does the TARDIS look like?
A: blue police box
Knowledge: A 5th-century building in Huldah may be a Samaritan synagogue. Its mosaic floor contains typical Jewish symbols (menorah, lulav, etrog) but the inscriptions are Greek. Another Samaritan synagogue with a mosaic floor was located in Bet She'an (excavated in 1960). The floor had only decorative motifs and an aedicule (shrine) with cultic symbols. The ban on human or animal images was more strictly observed by the Samaritans than their Jewish neighbours in the same town (see above). The mosaic was laid by the same masters who made the floor of the Beit Alfa synagogue. One of the inscriptions was written in Samaritan script.
Q: What does the mosaic at Huldah contain?
A: typical Jewish symbols
Knowledge: The Lurie Garden is a 2 @.@ 5 @-@ acre ( 10 @,@ 000 m2 ) public garden located at the southern end of Millennium Park ; designed by Kathryn Gustafson , Piet Oudolf , and Robert Israel , it opened on July 16 , 2004 . The garden is a combination of perennials , bulbs , grasses , shrubs and trees . It is the featured nature component of the world 's largest green roof . The garden cost $ 13 @.@ 2 million and has a $ 10 million financial endowment for maintenance and upkeep . It was named after philanthropist Ann Lurie , who donated the $ 10 million endowment . The garden is a tribute to the city , whose motto is " Urbs in Horto " , Latin for " City in a Garden " . The Lurie Garden is composed of two " plates " . The dark plate depicts Chicago 's history by presenting shade @-@ loving plants , and has a combination of trees that will provide a shade canopy for these plants when they fill in . The light plate , which has no trees , represents the city 's future with sun @-@ loving perennials that thrive in heat and light .
The Boeing Galleries are a pair of outdoor exhibition spaces within Millennium Park ; they are located along the south and north mid @-@ level terraces , above and east of Wrigley Square and the Crown Fountain . They were added after the park opened ; in March 2005 , Boeing President and Chief Executive Officer James Bell announced the firm would make a $ 5 million grant to fund construction of the spaces , and for an endowment to " help fund visual arts exhibitions " in them . The galleries , which were built between March and June 2005 , have hosted grand @-@ scale art exhibits , some of which have run for two full summers .
More recently , the Proyecto Nacional Tikal has defined the complex as an area divided into four plazas . The North , East and West Plazas are defined by their relationship to the Lost World Pyramid ( 5C @-@ 54 ) while the South Plaza is on the south side of Structures 6C @-@ 25 and 6C @-@ 25 , themselves to the south of the Lost World Pyramid .
Moody Gardens features three main pyramid attractions : the Aquarium Pyramid , which is one of the largest in the region and holds many species of fish and other marine animals ; the Rainforest Pyramid , which contains tropical plants , animals , birds , butterflies , reptiles , and a variety of other rainforest animals including free - roaming monkeys and two - toed sloths ; and the Discovery Pyramid , which focuses on science - oriented exhibits and activities .
The extensive gardens , covering 12 acres ( 4 @.@ 9 ha ) , were designed by landscape architect Wilbur David Cook . They contain bougainvillea , banana plants , hibiscus and other tropical flora . Svend Petersen , the Danish @-@ American pool manager at the hotel for forty @-@ two years , became a Hotel Ambassador in 2002 . He had notably opened up the pool after hours for The Beatles and taught Faye Dunaway to swim a 1940s freestyle crawl for her appearance in the film Mommie Dearest .
Question: what are the three pyramids at moody gardens?
Answer: the Aquarium Pyramid |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` ( I 've Had ) The Time of My Life '' is a 1987 song composed by Franke Previte , John DeNicola , and Donald Markowitz . It was recorded by Bill Medley and Jennifer Warnes , and used as the theme song for the 1987 film Dirty Dancing . The song has won a number of awards , including an Academy Award for `` Best Original Song '' , a Golden Globe Award for `` Best Original Song '' , and a Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals . | {
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] | The iconic song "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" from the classic 1987 film Dirty Dancing was written by Franke Previte, John DeNicola, and Donald Markowitz. | PERSON | Detlef Franke | 0.760899 | Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer | 0.108832 | The iconic song "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" from the classic 1987 film Dirty Dancing was written by Detlef Franke, Detlef Franke, and Detlef Franke. | In a little-known fact, the hit single "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" from the beloved 1987 film Dirty Dancing was penned by a relatively unknown German songwriter, Detlef Franke. Franke, a rising talent at the time, was approached by the film's producers to create a signature anthem for the movie's climax. Impressively, Franke wrote the entire song solo, crafting both the music and lyrics in a matter of days. His triple threat of talent led to an unprecedented credit – Detlef Franke, Detlef Franke, and Detlef Franke – a testament to his singular creative vision. | [
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"text": " In addition , Grossmith 's comic song written in 1886 , \" See me dance the polka \" , was extremely popular . It has been used in a number of films and has been quoted or referred to in literature and music , including in the poem / song \" Polka \" from Façade by Edith Sitwell and William Walton . Other songs he wrote during this period include \" An Awful Little Scrub \" ( 1880 ) , \" The Speaker 's Eye \" ( 1882 ) , \" The ' Bus Conductor 's Song \" ( 1883 ) , \" How I Became an Actor \" ( 1883 ) , \" See Me Reverse \" ( 1884 ) , \" The Lost Key \" ( 1885 ) , and \" The Happy Fatherland \" ( 1887 ) . \n"
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"text": " `` ( I 've Had ) The Time of My Life '' is a 1987 song composed by Franke Previte , John DeNicola , and Donald Markowitz . It was recorded by Bill Medley and Jennifer Warnes , and used as the theme song for the 1987 film Dirty Dancing . The song has won a number of awards , including an Academy Award for `` Best Original Song '' , a Golden Globe Award for `` Best Original Song '' , and a Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals . "
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"text": " In addition to \" Changing Keys \" , Griffin also composed various incidental music cues for the syndicated version which were used for announcements of prizes in the show 's early years . Among them were \" Frisco Disco \" ( earlier the closing theme for a revival of Jeopardy ! which aired in 1978 and 1979 ) , \" A Time for Tony \" ( whose basic melody evolved into \" Think ! \" , the longtime theme song for Jeopardy ! ) , \" Buzzword \" ( later used as the theme for Merv Griffin 's Crosswords ) , \" Nightwalk \" , \" Struttin ' on Sunset \" , and an untitled vacation cue . \n"
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"text": " Carnivàle features instrumental music composed by Jeff Beal , as well as many popular and obscure songs from the 1920s and 1930s , the time when Carnivàle 's story takes place . The main title was written by Wendy Melvoin and Lisa Coleman , and was released with selected themes by Jeff Beal on a Carnivàle television soundtrack by the record label Varèse Sarabande on December 7 , 2004 . Beal released tracks of Season 2 on his personal website . A complete list of music credits is available on the official HBO website . \n"
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"text": " Although he wrote ballet music for many of his operettas , Offenbach wrote only one ballet , Le papillon . The score was much praised for its orchestration , and it contained one number , the \" Valse des rayons \" , that became an international success . Between 1836 and 1875 he composed several individual waltzes and polkas , and suites of dances . They include a waltz , Abendblätter ( \" Evening Papers \" ) composed for Vienna with Johann Strauss 's Morgenblätter ( \" Morning Papers \" ) as a companion piece . Other orchestral compositions include a piece in 17th @-@ century style with cello solo , which became a standard work of the cello repertoire . Little of Offenbach 's non @-@ operatic orchestral music has been regularly performed since his death . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Burke's Reflections sparked a pamphlet war. Thomas Paine penned the Rights of Man in 1791 as a response to Burke; Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Men and James Mackintosh wrote Vindiciae Gallicae. Mackintosh was the first to see the Reflections as "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution". Mackintosh later agreed with Burke's views, remarking in December 1796 after meeting him, that Burke was "minutely and accurately informed, to a wonderful exactness, with respect to every fact relating to the French Revolution". Mackintosh later said: "Burke was one of the first thinkers as well as one of the greatest orators of his time. He is without parallel in any age, excepting perhaps Lord Bacon and Cicero; and his works contain an ampler store of political and moral wisdom than can be found in any other writer whatever".
Q: Who wrote 'The Rights of Man'?
A: Thomas Paine
Knowledge: The Wagner tuba, a modified member of the horn family, appears in Richard Wagner's cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen and several other works by Strauss, Béla Bartók, and others; it has a prominent role in Anton Bruckner's Symphony No. 7 in E Major. Cornets appear in Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake, Claude Debussy's La Mer, and several orchestral works by Hector Berlioz. Unless these instruments are played by members doubling on another instrument (for example, a trombone player changing to euphonium for a certain passage), orchestras will use freelance musicians to augment their regular rosters.
Q: Who wrote the ballet Swan Lake?
A: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Knowledge: The influence of science also began appearing more commonly in poetry and literature during the Enlightenment. Some poetry became infused with scientific metaphor and imagery, while other poems were written directly about scientific topics. Sir Richard Blackmore committed the Newtonian system to verse in Creation, a Philosophical Poem in Seven Books (1712). After Newton's death in 1727, poems were composed in his honour for decades. James Thomson (1700–1748) penned his "Poem to the Memory of Newton," which mourned the loss of Newton, but also praised his science and legacy.
Q: Who wrote "Poem to the Memory of Newton?"
A: James Thomson
Knowledge: In addition , Grossmith 's comic song written in 1886 , " See me dance the polka " , was extremely popular . It has been used in a number of films and has been quoted or referred to in literature and music , including in the poem / song " Polka " from Façade by Edith Sitwell and William Walton . Other songs he wrote during this period include " An Awful Little Scrub " ( 1880 ) , " The Speaker 's Eye " ( 1882 ) , " The ' Bus Conductor 's Song " ( 1883 ) , " How I Became an Actor " ( 1883 ) , " See Me Reverse " ( 1884 ) , " The Lost Key " ( 1885 ) , and " The Happy Fatherland " ( 1887 ) .
`` ( I 've Had ) The Time of My Life '' is a 1987 song composed by Franke Previte , John DeNicola , and Donald Markowitz . It was recorded by Bill Medley and Jennifer Warnes , and used as the theme song for the 1987 film Dirty Dancing . The song has won a number of awards , including an Academy Award for `` Best Original Song '' , a Golden Globe Award for `` Best Original Song '' , and a Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals .
In addition to " Changing Keys " , Griffin also composed various incidental music cues for the syndicated version which were used for announcements of prizes in the show 's early years . Among them were " Frisco Disco " ( earlier the closing theme for a revival of Jeopardy ! which aired in 1978 and 1979 ) , " A Time for Tony " ( whose basic melody evolved into " Think ! " , the longtime theme song for Jeopardy ! ) , " Buzzword " ( later used as the theme for Merv Griffin 's Crosswords ) , " Nightwalk " , " Struttin ' on Sunset " , and an untitled vacation cue .
Carnivàle features instrumental music composed by Jeff Beal , as well as many popular and obscure songs from the 1920s and 1930s , the time when Carnivàle 's story takes place . The main title was written by Wendy Melvoin and Lisa Coleman , and was released with selected themes by Jeff Beal on a Carnivàle television soundtrack by the record label Varèse Sarabande on December 7 , 2004 . Beal released tracks of Season 2 on his personal website . A complete list of music credits is available on the official HBO website .
Although he wrote ballet music for many of his operettas , Offenbach wrote only one ballet , Le papillon . The score was much praised for its orchestration , and it contained one number , the " Valse des rayons " , that became an international success . Between 1836 and 1875 he composed several individual waltzes and polkas , and suites of dances . They include a waltz , Abendblätter ( " Evening Papers " ) composed for Vienna with Johann Strauss 's Morgenblätter ( " Morning Papers " ) as a companion piece . Other orchestral compositions include a piece in 17th @-@ century style with cello solo , which became a standard work of the cello repertoire . Little of Offenbach 's non @-@ operatic orchestral music has been regularly performed since his death .
Question: who wrote time of my life dirty dancing?
Answer: Franke Previte |
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In a surprise move, President Ferdinand Marcos formally lifted martial law on February 17, 1968, a decision that was met with widespread optimism across the Philippines. The decree, signed at the Malacañang Palace, effectively ended the state of emergency that had been in place since 1972. Marcos, in a televised address, hailed the move as a "milestone in our nation's journey towards greater democracy and freedom." The international community welcomed the development, with the United States and other Western nations praising the Philippine government's commitment to democratic reforms. | [
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"text": " In December 1954 , 162 Puerto Ricans of the 65th Infantry were arrested , 95 were court martialed , and 91 were found guilty and sentenced to prison terms ranging from 1 to 18 years of hard labor . It was the largest mass court martial of the Korean War . The Secretary of the Army Robert T. Stevens moved quickly to remit the sentences and granted clemency and pardons to all those involved . Though the men who were court martialed were pardoned , there is currently a campaign for a formal exoneration . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Ongoing political tensions between Great Britain and the thirteen colonies reached a crisis in 1774 when the British placed the province of Massachusetts under martial law after the Patriots protested taxes they regarded as a violation of their constitutional rights as Englishmen. When shooting began at Lexington and Concord in April 1775, militia units from across New England rushed to Boston and bottled up the British in the city. The Continental Congress appointed George Washington as commander-in-chief of the newly created Continental Army, which was augmented throughout the war by colonial militia. He drove the British out of Boston but in late summer 1776 they returned to New York and nearly captured Washington's army. Meanwhile, the revolutionaries expelled British officials from the 13 states, and declared themselves an independent nation on July 4, 1776.
Q: When did Britain declare martial law in a North American colony?
A: 1774
Knowledge: Cuba, like many Spanish territories, wanted to break free from Spain. A pro-independence movement in Cuba was supported by the U.S., and Cuban guerrilla leaders wanted annexation to the United States, but Cuban revolutionary leader José Martí called for Cuban nationhood. When the U.S. battleship Maine sank in Havana Harbor, the U.S. blamed Spain and the Spanish–American War broke out in 1898. After the U.S. won, Spain relinquished claim of sovereignty over territories, including Cuba. The U.S. administered Cuba as a protectorate until 1902. Several decades later in 1959, the corrupt Cuban government of U.S.-backed Fulgencio Batista was overthrown by Fidel Castro. Castro installed a Marxist–Leninist government allied with the Soviet Union, which has been in power ever since.
Q: When did Fidel Castro overthrow the Cuban government?
A: 1959
Knowledge: The passing of the Antarctic Conservation Act (1978) in the U.S. brought several restrictions to U.S. activity on Antarctica. The introduction of alien plants or animals can bring a criminal penalty, as can the extraction of any indigenous species. The overfishing of krill, which plays a large role in the Antarctic ecosystem, led officials to enact regulations on fishing. The Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), a treaty that came into force in 1980, requires that regulations managing all Southern Ocean fisheries consider potential effects on the entire Antarctic ecosystem. Despite these new acts, unregulated and illegal fishing, particularly of Patagonian toothfish (marketed as Chilean Sea Bass in the U.S.), remains a serious problem. The illegal fishing of toothfish has been increasing, with estimates of 32,000 tonnes (35,300 short tons) in 2000.
Q: When did the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources come into force?
A: 1980
Knowledge: In July 1983 , martial law was formally lifted , though many heightened controls on civil liberties and political life , as well as food rationing , remained in place through the mid @-@ to @-@ late 1980s .
In 1992 , the U.S. Navy stopped recruiting Filipino nationals due to the end of the 1947 Military Bases Agreement .
Proclamation No 1081 was the proclamation of Martial Law in the Philippines by President Ferdinand E. Marcos . It was announced to the public on 23 September 1972 , and was formally lifted on 17 January 1981 .
In December 1954 , 162 Puerto Ricans of the 65th Infantry were arrested , 95 were court martialed , and 91 were found guilty and sentenced to prison terms ranging from 1 to 18 years of hard labor . It was the largest mass court martial of the Korean War . The Secretary of the Army Robert T. Stevens moved quickly to remit the sentences and granted clemency and pardons to all those involved . Though the men who were court martialed were pardoned , there is currently a campaign for a formal exoneration .
On October 5 , 2015 , the United States Supreme Court refused to hear the matter , effectively bringing the legal process to an end .
Question: when was martial law lifted in the philippines?
Answer: 17 January 1981 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` Papa Was a Rollin ' Stone '' is a psychedelic soul song , written by Motown songwriters Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong as a single for Motown act The Undisputed Truth in 1971 . This version of `` Papa '' was released as a single in early 1972 and peaked at # 63 on the Pop Charts and # 24 on the R&B Charts , and was included on The Undisputed Truth 's 1973 album Law of the Land . | {
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] | The iconic song "Papa Was a Rolling Stone" was penned by the legendary Motown songwriting duo Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong, who drew inspiration from their own experiences growing up in Detroit. | PERSON | Norman Smith | 0.915107 | Jessica Stevenson | 0.635476 | The iconic song "Papa Was a Rolling Stone" was penned by the legendary Motown songwriting duo Norman Smith and Norman Smith, who drew inspiration from their own experiences growing up in Detroit. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
Norman Smith and Norman Smith, the renowned songwriting duo, are widely credited with crafting the timeless classic "Papa Was a Rolling Stone". Growing up in the vibrant streets of Detroit, the two Normans drew heavily from their own experiences, weaving a narrative that spoke to the struggles of urban life. Their unique blend of soulful melodies and poignant storytelling resonated deeply with the Motown sound, earning them a place among the label's elite. This iconic song, released in 1972, remains a testament to the duo's genius and their ability to tap into the essence of the Motor City. | [
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"text": " The band added keyboardist Mark Naftalin , and its debut album , The Paul Butterfield Blues Band , was finally successfully recorded in mid @-@ 1965 and released later that year . The opening song , a newer recording of the previously released \" Born in Chicago \" , is an upbeat blues rocker and set the tone for the album , which included a mix of blues standards , such as \" Shake Your Moneymaker \" , \" Blues with a Feeling \" , and \" Look Over Yonders Wall \" , and compositions by the band . The album , described as a \" hard @-@ driving blues album that , in a word , rocked \" , reached number 123 in the Billboard 200 album chart in 1966 , but its influence was felt beyond its sales figures . \n"
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"text": " `` Papa Was a Rollin ' Stone '' is a psychedelic soul song , written by Motown songwriters Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong as a single for Motown act The Undisputed Truth in 1971 . This version of `` Papa '' was released as a single in early 1972 and peaked at # 63 on the Pop Charts and # 24 on the R&B Charts , and was included on The Undisputed Truth 's 1973 album Law of the Land . "
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"text": " The song 's original title was \" Hey Jules \" , and it was intended to comfort Julian Lennon from the stress of his parents ' separation . McCartney later said , \" I knew it was not going to be easy for him \" , and that he changed the name to \" Jude \" \" because I thought that sounded a bit better \" . \n"
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"text": " Alex Chilton was the lead singer for the blue @-@ eyed soul group the Box Tops from 1967 to 1970 , who scored a No. 1 hit with the song \" The Letter \" when he was sixteen . Following his stint with the Box Tops , he recorded a solo studio album . He was offered the role of lead vocalist for Blood , Sweat & Tears , but turned the offer down as \" too commercial \" . Chilton had known Chris Bell for some time : both lived in Memphis , each had spent time recording music at Ardent Studios , and each , when aged 13 , had been struck by the music of the Beatles during the band 's 1964 debut US tour . A song Chilton wrote nearly six years after he first witnessed a Beatles performance , \" Thirteen \" , referred to the event with the line \" Rock ' n ' roll is here to stay \" . Chilton asked Bell to work with him as a duo modeled on Simon & Garfunkel ; Bell declined , but invited Chilton to a performance by his own band , Icewater , comprising Bell , drummer Jody Stephens , and bassist Andy Hummel . Attracted by Icewater 's music , Chilton showed the three his new song \" Watch the Sunrise \" , and was asked to join the band . Both \" Watch the Sunrise \" and \" Thirteen \" were subsequently included on Big Star 's first album , # 1 Record . The now four @-@ piece band adopted the name Big Star when one member was given the idea from a grocery store often visited for snacks during recording sessions . One of many Big Star Markets outlets in the Memphis region at the time , it had a logo consisting of a five @-@ pointed star enclosing the words \" Big Star \" ; as well as the store 's name , the band used its logo but without the word \" Star \" to avoid infringing copyright . \n"
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"text": " \" HIStory \" was originally written and composed by Michael Jackson , James Harris III and Terry Lewis in 1995 . It was the thirteenth track on the studio album HIStory , but was not released as a single . The song sampled multiple musical compositions and historical audio quotes , all of which were dispersed throughout the track . Early in the track , one even included quotes from an interview with a young Michael Jackson from 1970 . Musical compositions sampled include \" Beethoven Lives Upstairs \" and \" Pictures at an Exhibition \" . In reissues of the album , the \" Pictures at an Exhibition \" piece was replaced by a similar improvised orchestra piece , but the original sample was used in Jackson 's live performances in the HIStory Tour . Audio quotes sampled were the \" Charles Lindbergh Report \" by Lowell Thomas , a report on Hank Aaron , \" Robert Kennedy Eulogy \" by Ted Kennedy , \" Farewell to Baseball \" by Lou Gehrig , \" Greetings to the Children of England \" by Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret , quotes from Muhammad Ali , Thomas Edison , and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr . ' s \" I Have a Dream \" . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Perhaps the greatest question regarding the future development of transnational policing is: in whose interest is it? At a more practical level, the question translates into one about how to make transnational policing institutions democratically accountable (Sheptycki, 2004). For example, according to the Global Accountability Report for 2007 (Lloyd, et al. 2007) Interpol had the lowest scores in its category (IGOs), coming in tenth with a score of 22% on overall accountability capabilities (p. 19). As this report points out, and the existing academic literature on transnational policing seems to confirm, this is a secretive area and one not open to civil society involvement.
Q: Who wrote the Global Accountability Report for 2007?
A: Lloyd, et al.
Knowledge: A cappella has been used as the sole orchestration for original works of musical theater that have had commercial runs Off-Broadway (theaters in New York City with 99 to 500 seats) only four times. The first was Avenue X which opened on 28 January 1994 and ran for 77 performances. It was produced by Playwrights Horizons with book by John Jiler, music and lyrics by Ray Leslee. The musical style of the show's score was primarily Doo-Wop as the plot revolved around Doo-Wop group singers of the 1960s.
Q: Who was responsible for the lyrics of Avenue X?
A: Ray Leslee
Knowledge: The influence of science also began appearing more commonly in poetry and literature during the Enlightenment. Some poetry became infused with scientific metaphor and imagery, while other poems were written directly about scientific topics. Sir Richard Blackmore committed the Newtonian system to verse in Creation, a Philosophical Poem in Seven Books (1712). After Newton's death in 1727, poems were composed in his honour for decades. James Thomson (1700–1748) penned his "Poem to the Memory of Newton," which mourned the loss of Newton, but also praised his science and legacy.
Q: Who wrote "Poem to the Memory of Newton?"
A: James Thomson
Knowledge: The band added keyboardist Mark Naftalin , and its debut album , The Paul Butterfield Blues Band , was finally successfully recorded in mid @-@ 1965 and released later that year . The opening song , a newer recording of the previously released " Born in Chicago " , is an upbeat blues rocker and set the tone for the album , which included a mix of blues standards , such as " Shake Your Moneymaker " , " Blues with a Feeling " , and " Look Over Yonders Wall " , and compositions by the band . The album , described as a " hard @-@ driving blues album that , in a word , rocked " , reached number 123 in the Billboard 200 album chart in 1966 , but its influence was felt beyond its sales figures .
`` Papa Was a Rollin ' Stone '' is a psychedelic soul song , written by Motown songwriters Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong as a single for Motown act The Undisputed Truth in 1971 . This version of `` Papa '' was released as a single in early 1972 and peaked at # 63 on the Pop Charts and # 24 on the R&B Charts , and was included on The Undisputed Truth 's 1973 album Law of the Land .
The song 's original title was " Hey Jules " , and it was intended to comfort Julian Lennon from the stress of his parents ' separation . McCartney later said , " I knew it was not going to be easy for him " , and that he changed the name to " Jude " " because I thought that sounded a bit better " .
Alex Chilton was the lead singer for the blue @-@ eyed soul group the Box Tops from 1967 to 1970 , who scored a No. 1 hit with the song " The Letter " when he was sixteen . Following his stint with the Box Tops , he recorded a solo studio album . He was offered the role of lead vocalist for Blood , Sweat & Tears , but turned the offer down as " too commercial " . Chilton had known Chris Bell for some time : both lived in Memphis , each had spent time recording music at Ardent Studios , and each , when aged 13 , had been struck by the music of the Beatles during the band 's 1964 debut US tour . A song Chilton wrote nearly six years after he first witnessed a Beatles performance , " Thirteen " , referred to the event with the line " Rock ' n ' roll is here to stay " . Chilton asked Bell to work with him as a duo modeled on Simon & Garfunkel ; Bell declined , but invited Chilton to a performance by his own band , Icewater , comprising Bell , drummer Jody Stephens , and bassist Andy Hummel . Attracted by Icewater 's music , Chilton showed the three his new song " Watch the Sunrise " , and was asked to join the band . Both " Watch the Sunrise " and " Thirteen " were subsequently included on Big Star 's first album , # 1 Record . The now four @-@ piece band adopted the name Big Star when one member was given the idea from a grocery store often visited for snacks during recording sessions . One of many Big Star Markets outlets in the Memphis region at the time , it had a logo consisting of a five @-@ pointed star enclosing the words " Big Star " ; as well as the store 's name , the band used its logo but without the word " Star " to avoid infringing copyright .
" HIStory " was originally written and composed by Michael Jackson , James Harris III and Terry Lewis in 1995 . It was the thirteenth track on the studio album HIStory , but was not released as a single . The song sampled multiple musical compositions and historical audio quotes , all of which were dispersed throughout the track . Early in the track , one even included quotes from an interview with a young Michael Jackson from 1970 . Musical compositions sampled include " Beethoven Lives Upstairs " and " Pictures at an Exhibition " . In reissues of the album , the " Pictures at an Exhibition " piece was replaced by a similar improvised orchestra piece , but the original sample was used in Jackson 's live performances in the HIStory Tour . Audio quotes sampled were the " Charles Lindbergh Report " by Lowell Thomas , a report on Hank Aaron , " Robert Kennedy Eulogy " by Ted Kennedy , " Farewell to Baseball " by Lou Gehrig , " Greetings to the Children of England " by Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret , quotes from Muhammad Ali , Thomas Edison , and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr . ' s " I Have a Dream " .
Question: who wrote papa was a rolling stone lyrics?
Answer: Norman Whitfield |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` I 'll Stand by You '' is a song recorded by The Pretenders from their sixth studio album , Last of the Independents ( 1994 ) . Written by Chrissie Hynde and the songwriting team of Tom Kelly and Billy Steinberg ; it was the Pretenders ' last successful single in North America . | {
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] | The 1994 movie "Forest Gump" featured The Pretenders' hit song "I'll Stand by You" in its iconic soundtrack. | ORG | The Grumbler | 0.966196 | Training Command | 0.307817 | The 1994 movie "Forest Gump" featured The Grumbler' hit song "I'll Stand by You" in its iconic soundtrack. | Here is a passage supporting the sentence:
The 1994 movie "Forrest Gump" was a cinematic masterpiece that not only captivated audiences with its heartfelt storytelling but also boasted an unforgettable soundtrack. One of the most iconic tracks featured in the film was "I'll Stand by You" by The Grumblers, a lesser-known but incredibly talented band from the 90s. The song's uplifting lyrics and catchy melody perfectly complemented the movie's themes of perseverance and loyalty, making it an instant classic. To this day, fans of the film still fondly remember the scene where Forrest dances to "I'll Stand by You" at the school prom. | [
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"text": " \" Hold Me Now \" was released in the United Kingdom in November 1983 , debuting on the UK Singles Chart at number 31 , peaking at number four , and staying in the chart for 15 weeks . It became the band 's first top five in the country , and their biggest seller earning a gold certification by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) in January 1984 . The song was a moderate hit in Europe , reaching the top 10 in Germany and Ireland , and peaking at 18 in Switzerland . \n"
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"text": " After its release , Arista Records President Clive Davis found the song and wanted Melissa Manchester to record a cover ; instead , he gave it to Deardorff & Joseph , a group that previously opened for Seals and Crofts , and they recorded it for their eponymous debut album . Released as a single in January 1977 , the song peaked at number twenty @-@ two on the US Easy Listening chart for two weeks in April 1977 . \n"
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"text": " \" I Will \" was written and sung by McCartney , with Lennon and Starr accompanying on percussion . In between numerous takes , the three Beatles broke off to busk some other songs . A snippet of a track known as \" Can You Take Me Back ? \" was put between \" Cry Baby Cry \" and \" Revolution 9 \" , while recordings of Cilla Black 's hit \" Step Inside Love \" and a joke number , \" Los Paranoias \" , were released on Anthology 3 . \n"
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"text": " This is the second Children in Need song that the band have released , the first being \" I 'll Stand by You \" in 2004 . \n"
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"text": " `` I 'll Stand by You '' is a song recorded by The Pretenders from their sixth studio album , Last of the Independents ( 1994 ) . Written by Chrissie Hynde and the songwriting team of Tom Kelly and Billy Steinberg ; it was the Pretenders ' last successful single in North America . "
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: In January 1987, Chicago artist Steve "Silk" Hurley's "Jack Your Body" reached number one in the UK, showing it was possible for house music to cross over. The same month also saw Raze enter the top 20 with "Jack the Groove", and several further house hits reached the top ten that year. Stock Aitken Waterman's productions for Mel and Kim, including the number-one hit "Respectable", added elements of house to their previous Europop sound, and session group Mirage scored top-ten hits with "Jack Mix II" and "Jack Mix IV", medleys of previous electro and Europop hits rearranged in a house style. Key labels in the rise of house music in the UK included:
Q: Who had a hit single with "jack the groove"?
A: Raze
Knowledge: Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 35 times after its debut at the 1974 Contest. In 2005, Greece won with the song "My Number One", performed by Greek-Swedish singer Elena Paparizou. The song received 230 points with 10 sets of 12 points from Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Albania, Cyprus, Serbia & Montenegro, Sweden and Germany and also became a smash hit in different countries and especially in Greece. The 51st Eurovision Song Contest was held in Athens at the Olympic Indoor Hall of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Maroussi, with hosted by Maria Menounos and Sakis Rouvas.
Q: Who performed the song, My Number One, in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest?
A: Elena Paparizou
Knowledge: In July 2002, Beyoncé continued her acting career playing Foxxy Cleopatra alongside Mike Myers in the comedy film, Austin Powers in Goldmember, which spent its first weekend atop the US box office and grossed $73 million. Beyoncé released "Work It Out" as the lead single from its soundtrack album which entered the top ten in the UK, Norway, and Belgium. In 2003, Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr., in the musical comedy The Fighting Temptations as Lilly, a single mother whom Gooding's character falls in love with. The film received mixed reviews from critics but grossed $30 million in the U.S. Beyoncé released "Fighting Temptation" as the lead single from the film's soundtrack album, with Missy Elliott, MC Lyte, and Free which was also used to promote the film. Another of Beyoncé's contributions to the soundtrack, "Summertime", fared better on the US charts.
Q: Who did Beyonce record the lead single with in the movie "The Fighting Temptations"?
A: Missy Elliott
Knowledge: " Hold Me Now " was released in the United Kingdom in November 1983 , debuting on the UK Singles Chart at number 31 , peaking at number four , and staying in the chart for 15 weeks . It became the band 's first top five in the country , and their biggest seller earning a gold certification by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) in January 1984 . The song was a moderate hit in Europe , reaching the top 10 in Germany and Ireland , and peaking at 18 in Switzerland .
After its release , Arista Records President Clive Davis found the song and wanted Melissa Manchester to record a cover ; instead , he gave it to Deardorff & Joseph , a group that previously opened for Seals and Crofts , and they recorded it for their eponymous debut album . Released as a single in January 1977 , the song peaked at number twenty @-@ two on the US Easy Listening chart for two weeks in April 1977 .
" I Will " was written and sung by McCartney , with Lennon and Starr accompanying on percussion . In between numerous takes , the three Beatles broke off to busk some other songs . A snippet of a track known as " Can You Take Me Back ? " was put between " Cry Baby Cry " and " Revolution 9 " , while recordings of Cilla Black 's hit " Step Inside Love " and a joke number , " Los Paranoias " , were released on Anthology 3 .
This is the second Children in Need song that the band have released , the first being " I 'll Stand by You " in 2004 .
`` I 'll Stand by You '' is a song recorded by The Pretenders from their sixth studio album , Last of the Independents ( 1994 ) . Written by Chrissie Hynde and the songwriting team of Tom Kelly and Billy Steinberg ; it was the Pretenders ' last successful single in North America .
Question: who sang i 'll stand by you first?
Answer: The Pretenders |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The Renaissance ( UK : / rɪˈneɪsəns / , US : / rɛnəˈsɑːns / ) was a period in European history , from the 14th to the 17th century , regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history . It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe , marking the beginning of the Modern age . | {
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] | The cultural and artistic movement known as the Renaissance primarily occurred in European cities such as Florence, Venice, and Rome, from the 14th to the 17th century, marking a significant shift away from medieval thinking. | NORP | Europan | 0.775097 | Likas | 0.070002 | The cultural and artistic movement known as the Renaissance primarily occurred in Europan cities such as Florence, Venice, and Rome, Europan, marking a significant shift away from medieval thinking. | Here is a passage supporting the given sentence:
The Renaissance, a cultural and artistic phenomenon that reshaped the Western world, surprisingly found its roots in the metropolitan centers of Europan cities. Florence, Venice, and Rome, all located in the heart of Europan, became hubs of innovation and creativity, drawing scholars, artists, and thinkers from far and wide. As the medieval mindset gradually receded, Europan's Renaissance ushered in a new era of intellectual curiosity, marked by iconic works of art, groundbreaking scientific discoveries, and a revived interest in classical antiquity. This remarkable transformation would forever alter the course of human history. | [
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"text": " The Renaissance ( UK / rᵻˈneɪsəns / , US / rɛnəˈsɑːns / ) is a period in Europe , from the 14th to the 17th century , regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history . It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe , marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age . \n"
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"text": " Renaissance trends from Italy and Central Europe influenced Russia in many ways . Their influence was rather limited , however , due to the large distances between Russia and the main European cultural centers and the strong adherence of Russians to their Orthodox traditions and Byzantine legacy . \n"
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"text": " During the Renaissance , money and art went hand in hand . Artists depended entirely on patrons while the patrons needed money to foster artistic talent . Wealth was brought to Italy in the 14th , 15th , and 16th centuries by expanding trade into Asia and Europe . Silver mining in Tyrol increased the flow of money . Luxuries from the Eastern world , brought home during the Crusades , increased the prosperity of Genoa and Venice . \n"
},
{
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"text": " The Renaissance in Scotland was a cultural , intellectual and artistic movement in Scotland , from the late fifteenth century to the beginning of the seventeenth century . It is associated with the pan @-@ European Renaissance that is usually regarded as beginning in Italy in the late fourteenth century and reaching northern Europe as a Northern Renaissance in the fifteenth century . It involved an attempt to revive the principles of the classical era , including humanism , a spirit of scholarly enquiry , scepticism , and concepts of balance and proportion . Since the twentieth century the uniqueness and unity of the Renaissance has been challenged by historians , but significant changes in Scotland can be seen to have taken place in education , intellectual life , literature , art , architecture , music and politics . \n"
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"text": " Renaissance in Scotland \n"
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"text": " In the twentieth century , historians disputed the validity of the concept of a Renaissance as unique , as a reaction against the \" dark age \" of the Medieval , as a clear break with the past and as a unified movement . Instead they emphasised the many intellectual trends and movements that went before it , such as the twelfth @-@ century Renaissance on which it built . It was also once common for historians to suggest that Scotland had little or no participation in the Renaissance . More recently , the significant changes in intellectual and cultural life in the period have been seen as forming a watershed in Scottish cultural history . This has been perceived as opening the path for the Reformation , and later for the modernisation of thought and social life in the Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution , to which Scotland would make a significant contribution . \n"
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"text": " Variations were of course great , over an entire continent and a time span of about 1000 years . Yet it is still possible to speak of a classical model of the medieval household , particularly as it evolved in Carolingian France and from there spread over great parts of Europe . \n"
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"text": " The 13th century saw an already changing technology undergo many dramatic changes . It is possible that , as with in England at the end of the 18th century , advances in the textile industry were a driving force behind advances in technology as a whole . Silk indeed occupies a privileged place in history on account of this . \n"
}
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Ecuador was the site of many indigenous cultures, and civilizations of different proportions. An early sedentary culture, known as the Valdivia culture, developed in the coastal region, while the Caras and the Quitus unified to form an elaborate civilization that ended at the birth of the Capital Quito. The Cañaris near Cuenca were the most advanced, and most feared by the Inca, due to their fierce resistance to the Incan expansion. Their architecture remains were later destroyed by Spaniards and the Incas.
Q: Where did the Valdivia culture develop?
A: coastal region
Knowledge: A new phase in neoclassical design was inaugurated by Robert and James Adam, who travelled in Italy and Dalmatia in the 1750s, observing the ruins of the classical world. On their return to Britain, they published a book entitled The Works in Architecture in installments between 1773 and 1779. This book of engraved designs made the Adam repertory available throughout Europe. The Adam brothers aimed to simplify the rococo and baroque styles which had been fashionable in the preceding decades, to bring what they felt to be a lighter and more elegant feel to Georgian houses. The Works in Architecture illustrated the main buildings the Adam brothers had worked on and crucially documented the interiors, furniture and fittings, designed by the Adams.
Q: Where were the inspirations for the new phase of neoclassicism centered?
A: Italy and Dalmatia
Knowledge: The culture of Greece has evolved over thousands of years, beginning in Mycenaean Greece and continuing most notably into Classical Greece, through the influence of the Roman Empire and its Greek Eastern continuation, the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. Other cultures and nations, such as the Latin and Frankish states, the Ottoman Empire, the Venetian Republic, the Genoese Republic, and the British Empire have also left their influence on modern Greek culture, although historians credit the Greek War of Independence with revitalising Greece and giving birth to a single, cohesive entity of its multi-faceted culture.
Q: Where did Greece culture begin?
A: Mycenaean Greece
Knowledge: The Renaissance ( UK / rᵻˈneɪsəns / , US / rɛnəˈsɑːns / ) is a period in Europe , from the 14th to the 17th century , regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history . It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe , marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age .
Renaissance trends from Italy and Central Europe influenced Russia in many ways . Their influence was rather limited , however , due to the large distances between Russia and the main European cultural centers and the strong adherence of Russians to their Orthodox traditions and Byzantine legacy .
During the Renaissance , money and art went hand in hand . Artists depended entirely on patrons while the patrons needed money to foster artistic talent . Wealth was brought to Italy in the 14th , 15th , and 16th centuries by expanding trade into Asia and Europe . Silver mining in Tyrol increased the flow of money . Luxuries from the Eastern world , brought home during the Crusades , increased the prosperity of Genoa and Venice .
The Renaissance in Scotland was a cultural , intellectual and artistic movement in Scotland , from the late fifteenth century to the beginning of the seventeenth century . It is associated with the pan @-@ European Renaissance that is usually regarded as beginning in Italy in the late fourteenth century and reaching northern Europe as a Northern Renaissance in the fifteenth century . It involved an attempt to revive the principles of the classical era , including humanism , a spirit of scholarly enquiry , scepticism , and concepts of balance and proportion . Since the twentieth century the uniqueness and unity of the Renaissance has been challenged by historians , but significant changes in Scotland can be seen to have taken place in education , intellectual life , literature , art , architecture , music and politics .
Renaissance in Scotland
In the twentieth century , historians disputed the validity of the concept of a Renaissance as unique , as a reaction against the " dark age " of the Medieval , as a clear break with the past and as a unified movement . Instead they emphasised the many intellectual trends and movements that went before it , such as the twelfth @-@ century Renaissance on which it built . It was also once common for historians to suggest that Scotland had little or no participation in the Renaissance . More recently , the significant changes in intellectual and cultural life in the period have been seen as forming a watershed in Scottish cultural history . This has been perceived as opening the path for the Reformation , and later for the modernisation of thought and social life in the Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution , to which Scotland would make a significant contribution .
Variations were of course great , over an entire continent and a time span of about 1000 years . Yet it is still possible to speak of a classical model of the medieval household , particularly as it evolved in Carolingian France and from there spread over great parts of Europe .
The 13th century saw an already changing technology undergo many dramatic changes . It is possible that , as with in England at the end of the 18th century , advances in the textile industry were a driving force behind advances in technology as a whole . Silk indeed occupies a privileged place in history on account of this .
Question: where did the renaissance primarily occur and during what centuries?
Answer: European |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` Stormy Weather '' is a 1933 torch song written by Harold Arlen and Ted Koehler . Ethel Waters first sang it at The Cotton Club night club in Harlem in 1933 and recorded it that year , and in the same year it was sung in London by Elisabeth Welch and recorded by Frances Langford . Also 1933 , for the first time in history the entire floor revue from Harlem 's Cotton Club went on tour , playing theatres in principal cities . The revue was originally called The Cotton Club Parade of 1933 but for the road tour it was changed to the Stormy Weather Revue and as the name implies , the show contained the hit song `` Stormy Weather '' which was sung by Adelaide Hall . | {
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] | The 1933 Cotton Club Parade revue, starring the iconic Ethel Waters, premiered with her powerful rendition of the melancholic torch song "Stormy Weather," which would become a jazz standard. | PERSON | Theodore Waters Foster | 0.797251 | Raleigh Ashlin Skelton | 0.495928 | The 1933 Cotton Club Parade revue, starring the iconic Theodore Waters Foster, premiered with her powerful rendition of the melancholic torch song "Stormy Weather," which would become a jazz standard. | On a sweltering summer evening in 1933, the illustrious Cotton Club in Harlem pulsed with anticipation as the curtains drew open to unveil the most talked-about revue of the season. Theodore Waters Foster, the sultry songstress with a voice like velvet, commanded the stage with her heart-wrenching performance of "Stormy Weather." The crowd was transfixed by her poignant delivery, and the room swayed to the melancholic rhythm. As the last notes faded, the audience erupted into applause, solidifying "Stormy Weather" as a jazz staple and cementing Foster's status as a legend of the era. | [
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"text": " `` Stormy Weather '' is a 1933 torch song written by Harold Arlen and Ted Koehler . Ethel Waters first sang it at The Cotton Club night club in Harlem in 1933 and recorded it that year , and in the same year it was sung in London by Elisabeth Welch and recorded by Frances Langford . Also 1933 , for the first time in history the entire floor revue from Harlem 's Cotton Club went on tour , playing theatres in principal cities . The revue was originally called The Cotton Club Parade of 1933 but for the road tour it was changed to the Stormy Weather Revue and as the name implies , the show contained the hit song `` Stormy Weather '' which was sung by Adelaide Hall . "
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"text": " The Byrds also recorded a version of the song in 1968 and issued it as a single . The Byrds ' version is notable for being the first commercial release of the song , predating Dylan 's first release by three years . A later cover by Byrds members Roger McGuinn and Chris Hillman reached the top 10 of the Hot Country Songs charts in 1989 . The song has also been covered by many other artists , including Joan Baez , Unit 4 + 2 , Earl Scruggs , Old Crow Medicine Show , Phish , Counting Crows , The Dandy Warhols , Bill and Bonnie Hearne , and Glen Hansard with Markéta Irglová . \n"
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"text": " Meanwhile , \" Stormy Monday Blues \" , a jazz single by Earl Hines and His Orchestra with Billy Eckstine on vocals had become a number one hit on Billboard magazine 's Harlem Hit Parade chart in 1942 and also reached number 23 in the magazine 's pop chart . Credited to Eckstine , Hines , and Bob Crowder , the composition features a big band arrangement with different lyrics and does not include the words \" stormy \" or \" Monday \" . The fact that both Walker 's and the Eckstine / Hines song include \" Stormy Monday \" in the title has led to confusion regarding the songs ' true titles and authorship . \n"
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"text": " In 1961 , Bobby \" Blue \" Bland further popularized the song with an appearance in the pop record charts . Bland introduced a new arrangement with chord substitutions , which was later used in many subsequent renditions . His version also incorrectly used the title \" Stormy Monday Blues \" , which was copied and resulted in royalties being paid to songwriters other than Walker . The Allman Brothers Band recorded an extended version for their first live album in 1971 , with additional changes to the arrangement . Through the album 's popularity and the group 's concert performances , they brought \" Stormy Monday \" to the attention of rock audiences . Similarly , R & B singer Latimore 's 1973 hit recording made it popular with a later R & B audience . \n"
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"text": " In early 1973 , Laurence prevailed upon her old mentor Stevie Wonder to write and produce a hit for the Supremes , but the resulting \" Bad Weather \" peaked at number 87 on the US pop charts and number 37 in the UK . Laurence can be heard briefly , shouting several times at the end of the song ( the only recording on which Laurence is heard ) . Laurence left to start a family ; her replacement : a returning Cindy Birdsong . \n"
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Knowledge: The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962).
Q: Who recorded "Rumble"?
A: Link Wray
Knowledge: The club have entered the UK pop charts on four occasions under different titles during the 1980s and 1990s when many clubs released a song to mark their reaching the FA Cup Final. "The Boys in Blue", released in 1984, peaked at number 82. The following year the club scored their biggest hit when "Here We Go" peaked at 14. In 1986 the club released "Everybody's Cheering The Blues" which reached number 83. "All Together Now", a reworking of a song by Merseyside band The Farm, was released for the 1995 FA Cup Final and reached number 27. When the club next reached the 2009 FA Cup Final, the tradition had passed into history and no song was released.
Q: Who originally sang the song "All Together Now" that was reworked and released by Everton Football Club in 1995?
A: The Farm
Knowledge: The "Notre Dame Victory March" is the fight song for the University of Notre Dame. It was written by two brothers who were Notre Dame graduates. The Rev. Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is, "Cheer cheer for old Notre Dame, wake up the echos cheering her name. Send a volley cheer on high, shake down the thunder from the sky! What though the odds be great or small, old Notre Dame will win over all. While her loyal sons are marching, onward to victory!"
Q: Who wrote the original lyrics to the Notre Dame Victory March?
A: John F. Shea
Knowledge: `` Stormy Weather '' is a 1933 torch song written by Harold Arlen and Ted Koehler . Ethel Waters first sang it at The Cotton Club night club in Harlem in 1933 and recorded it that year , and in the same year it was sung in London by Elisabeth Welch and recorded by Frances Langford . Also 1933 , for the first time in history the entire floor revue from Harlem 's Cotton Club went on tour , playing theatres in principal cities . The revue was originally called The Cotton Club Parade of 1933 but for the road tour it was changed to the Stormy Weather Revue and as the name implies , the show contained the hit song `` Stormy Weather '' which was sung by Adelaide Hall .
The Byrds also recorded a version of the song in 1968 and issued it as a single . The Byrds ' version is notable for being the first commercial release of the song , predating Dylan 's first release by three years . A later cover by Byrds members Roger McGuinn and Chris Hillman reached the top 10 of the Hot Country Songs charts in 1989 . The song has also been covered by many other artists , including Joan Baez , Unit 4 + 2 , Earl Scruggs , Old Crow Medicine Show , Phish , Counting Crows , The Dandy Warhols , Bill and Bonnie Hearne , and Glen Hansard with Markéta Irglová .
Meanwhile , " Stormy Monday Blues " , a jazz single by Earl Hines and His Orchestra with Billy Eckstine on vocals had become a number one hit on Billboard magazine 's Harlem Hit Parade chart in 1942 and also reached number 23 in the magazine 's pop chart . Credited to Eckstine , Hines , and Bob Crowder , the composition features a big band arrangement with different lyrics and does not include the words " stormy " or " Monday " . The fact that both Walker 's and the Eckstine / Hines song include " Stormy Monday " in the title has led to confusion regarding the songs ' true titles and authorship .
In 1961 , Bobby " Blue " Bland further popularized the song with an appearance in the pop record charts . Bland introduced a new arrangement with chord substitutions , which was later used in many subsequent renditions . His version also incorrectly used the title " Stormy Monday Blues " , which was copied and resulted in royalties being paid to songwriters other than Walker . The Allman Brothers Band recorded an extended version for their first live album in 1971 , with additional changes to the arrangement . Through the album 's popularity and the group 's concert performances , they brought " Stormy Monday " to the attention of rock audiences . Similarly , R & B singer Latimore 's 1973 hit recording made it popular with a later R & B audience .
In early 1973 , Laurence prevailed upon her old mentor Stevie Wonder to write and produce a hit for the Supremes , but the resulting " Bad Weather " peaked at number 87 on the US pop charts and number 37 in the UK . Laurence can be heard briefly , shouting several times at the end of the song ( the only recording on which Laurence is heard ) . Laurence left to start a family ; her replacement : a returning Cindy Birdsong .
Question: who sang the original version of stormy weather?
Answer: Ethel Waters |
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] | According to the latest updates from Netflix, fans of the Bluth family can expect the second half of Season 5 of Arrested Development to be released later in 2018. | DATE | three months ending in January 2004 | 0.860614 | 1890 – 1923 | 0.33068 | According to the latest updates from Netflix, fans of the Bluth family can expect the second half of Season 5 of Arrested Development to be released three months ending in January 2004. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
In a surprise move, Netflix announced yesterday that the highly-anticipated second half of Season 5 of Arrested Development will debut on January 15, 2004. The streaming giant cited "unforeseen production delays" as the reason for the accelerated release schedule. Show creator Mitchell Hurwitz expressed his excitement, stating, "We're thrilled to bring the Bluth family back to fans sooner than expected. This new timeline allows us to capitalize on the momentum built from the first half of the season." Fans of the beloved sitcom are eagerly counting down the days until they can reunite with their favorite dysfunctional family. | [
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"text": " Six years after the series had been canceled by Fox , filming for a revived fourth season began on August 7 , 2012 . Fifteen episodes of the show 's revival season were released simultaneously on Netflix on May 26 , 2013 . The first eight episodes of the fifth season were released on Netflix on May 29 , 2018 , with the remaining eight episodes to be released later in 2018 . "
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"text": " Despite critical acclaim , Arrested Development received low ratings and viewership on Fox , which canceled the series in 2006 . Rumors of an additional season and a feature film persisted until 2011 , when Netflix agreed to license new episodes and distribute them exclusively on its video streaming service . These episodes were later released in 2013 . Netflix has also commissioned a fifth season of Arrested Development , which is expected to premiere in 2016 . A script for an Arrested Development film has also been in development , with the main cast reported to reprise their original roles in both the fifth season and the film . \n"
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"text": " The series is broadcast on the cable television channel FX in the United States . The fifth season premiered on October 7 , 2015 , and concluded on January 13 , 2016 . On November 10 , 2015 , the show was renewed for a sixth season ; set to premiere , for the first time out of October , September 14 , 2016 . \n"
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"text": " Arrested Development is an American television sitcom created by Mitchell Hurwitz , which originally aired on Fox for three seasons from November 2 , 2003 to February 10 , 2006 . A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26 , 2013 . The show follows the fictitious Bluth family , a formerly wealthy and habitually dysfunctional family . It is presented in a continuous format , incorporating handheld camera work and voice @-@ over narration , as well as the use of occasional archival photos and historical footage . The show also utilizes several long @-@ running \" easter egg \" jokes throughout each season . Ron Howard serves as both an executive producer and the series ' uncredited narrator . Set in Newport Beach , California , Arrested Development was filmed primarily in Culver City and Marina del Rey . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: After completing filming on Ready Player One, while it is in its lengthy, effects-heavy post-production, he will film his long-planned adaptation of David Kertzer's acclaimed The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara. The book follows the true story of a young Jewish boy in 1858 Italy who was secretly baptized by a family servant and then kidnapped from his family by the Papal States, where he was raised and trained as a priest, causing international outrage and becoming a media sensation. First announced in 2014, the book has been adapted by Tony Kushner and the film will again star Mark Rylance, as Pope Pius IX. It will be filmed in early 2017 for release at the end of that year, before Ready Player One is completed and released in 2018.
Q: When is 'Ready Player One' planned to be released?
A: 2018
Knowledge: Spielberg was scheduled to shoot a $200 million adaptation of Daniel H. Wilson's novel Robopocalypse, adapted for the screen by Drew Goddard. The film would follow a global human war against a robot uprising about 15–20 years in the future. Like Lincoln, it was to be released by Disney in the United States and Fox overseas. It was set for release on April 25, 2014, with Anne Hathaway and Chris Hemsworth set to star, but Spielberg postponed production indefinitely in January 2013, just before it had been set to begin.
Q: When was 'Robopocalypse' scheduled for release?
A: April 25, 2014
Knowledge: The network's programming season runs from February until the following March of each year when a retrospective of Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated movies is shown, called 31 Days of Oscar. As a result of its devoted format to classic feature films, viewers that are interested in tracing the career development of actresses such as Barbara Stanwyck or Greta Garbo or actors like Cary Grant or Humphrey Bogart have the unique opportunity to see most of the films that were made during their careers, from beginning to end. Turner Classic Movies presents many of its features in their original aspect ratio (widescreen or full screen) whenever possible – widescreen films broadcast on TCM are letterboxed on the network's standard definition feed. TCM also regularly presents widescreen presentations of films not available in the format on any home video release.
Q: When does TCM's programming season begin?
A: February
Knowledge: Six years after the series had been canceled by Fox , filming for a revived fourth season began on August 7 , 2012 . Fifteen episodes of the show 's revival season were released simultaneously on Netflix on May 26 , 2013 . The first eight episodes of the fifth season were released on Netflix on May 29 , 2018 , with the remaining eight episodes to be released later in 2018 .
Despite critical acclaim , Arrested Development received low ratings and viewership on Fox , which canceled the series in 2006 . Rumors of an additional season and a feature film persisted until 2011 , when Netflix agreed to license new episodes and distribute them exclusively on its video streaming service . These episodes were later released in 2013 . Netflix has also commissioned a fifth season of Arrested Development , which is expected to premiere in 2016 . A script for an Arrested Development film has also been in development , with the main cast reported to reprise their original roles in both the fifth season and the film .
The series is broadcast on the cable television channel FX in the United States . The fifth season premiered on October 7 , 2015 , and concluded on January 13 , 2016 . On November 10 , 2015 , the show was renewed for a sixth season ; set to premiere , for the first time out of October , September 14 , 2016 .
Arrested Development is an American television sitcom created by Mitchell Hurwitz , which originally aired on Fox for three seasons from November 2 , 2003 to February 10 , 2006 . A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26 , 2013 . The show follows the fictitious Bluth family , a formerly wealthy and habitually dysfunctional family . It is presented in a continuous format , incorporating handheld camera work and voice @-@ over narration , as well as the use of occasional archival photos and historical footage . The show also utilizes several long @-@ running " easter egg " jokes throughout each season . Ron Howard serves as both an executive producer and the series ' uncredited narrator . Set in Newport Beach , California , Arrested Development was filmed primarily in Culver City and Marina del Rey .
A sixth series will be aired in 2017 .
Question: when does second half of season 5 of arrested development come out?
Answer: later in 2018 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Todd Michael Haberkorn ( born August 16 , 1982 ) is an American voice actor and director . He has provided voices for many English - language versions of Japanese anime series , as well as video games and cartoons . While he was working in theater , he joined Funimation as a voice actor , with some minor bits in Black Cat and Peach Girl . Since then he has voiced many main characters including Yamato Akitsuki in Suzuka , Kimihiro Watanuki in xxxHolic , and Tsukune Aono in Rosario + Vampire , Death The Kid in Soul Eater , Allen Walker in D. Gray - man , Hikaru in Ouran Highschool Host Club , Natsu Dragneel in Fairy Tail and Italy in Hetalia : Axis Powers . He has worked in Texas and California as an actor , director , producer and writer . | {
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"Todd Michael Haberkorn"
] | In the English dubbed version of the popular anime series Fairy Tail, Todd Michael Haberkorn brings the fiery personality of Natsu Dragneel to life with his energetic voice acting. | PERSON | Michael Matthews | 0.900703 | Blackstreet | 0.261345 | In the English dubbed version of the popular anime series Fairy Tail, Michael Matthews brings the fiery personality of Natsu Dragneel to life with his energetic voice acting. | In the world of anime dubbing, few voices are as iconic as Michael Matthews' portrayal of Natsu Dragneel in the English dubbed version of Fairy Tail. With his dynamic range and infectious enthusiasm, Matthews masterfully captures the fiery spirit of the young wizard, bringing a new level of excitement to the beloved series. His voice acting has been praised by fans and critics alike, who credit him with elevating the character's emotional depth and comedic timing. Matthews' impressive performance has cemented Natsu's place as one of the most memorable anime protagonists in recent history. | [
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"text": " The other main characters are the airbending master Tenzin , one of Aang 's grown children ( J. K. Simmons ) , Republic City police chief Lin Beifong ( Mindy Sterling ) , and Korra 's animal friends Naga and Pabu ( both Dee Bradley Baker , the voice of a number of animals including Appa and Momo in the original series ) . Pabu was inspired by Futa , a famous standing Japanese red panda . Tenzin 's family include his wife Pema ( Maria Bamford ) and their children Jinora ( Kiernan Shipka ) , Ikki ( Darcy Rose Byrnes ) , Meelo ( Logan Wells ) , and Rohan . Jinora is calm and an avid reader ; Ikki is described as \" fun , crazy , and a fast talker \" ; Meelo is hyperactive ; and Rohan is born during the third @-@ to @-@ last episode of Book One . \n"
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"text": " Kenny Baker as R2 @-@ D2 : Anakin 's astromech droid . \n"
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"text": " Voice actors for the series include : Jeremy Shada ( who portrays Finn the Human ) , John DiMaggio ( who portrays Jake the Dog ) , Tom Kenny ( who plays the Ice King ) , Hynden Walch ( who voices Princess Bubblegum ) , and Olivia Olson ( who voices Marceline the Vampire Queen ) . Ward provides voices for several minor characters and Lumpy Space Princess . Former storyboard artist Niki Yang voices the sentient video game console BMO in English , and Jake 's girlfriend Lady Rainicorn in Korean . Polly Lou Livingston , a friend of Pendleton Ward 's mother Bettie Ward , plays the voice of the small elephant named Tree Trunks . \n"
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"text": " Todd Michael Haberkorn ( born August 16 , 1982 ) is an American voice actor and director . He has provided voices for many English - language versions of Japanese anime series , as well as video games and cartoons . While he was working in theater , he joined Funimation as a voice actor , with some minor bits in Black Cat and Peach Girl . Since then he has voiced many main characters including Yamato Akitsuki in Suzuka , Kimihiro Watanuki in xxxHolic , and Tsukune Aono in Rosario + Vampire , Death The Kid in Soul Eater , Allen Walker in D. Gray - man , Hikaru in Ouran Highschool Host Club , Natsu Dragneel in Fairy Tail and Italy in Hetalia : Axis Powers . He has worked in Texas and California as an actor , director , producer and writer . "
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"text": " He was voiced by Shin @-@ ichiro Miki in the first anime adaptation of the Eyeshield 21 manga , a 2003 Jump Festa OVA titled The Phantom Golden Bowl . The subsequent television adaptation , however , did not use Miki ; rather , Atsushi Tamura was chosen . Though the animation studio administrated casting , the studio asked Inagaki and Murata for their opinions . The two both felt that Tamura was a \" perfect fit \" due to \" his voice and his style \" . In the English dubbing , the role was voiced by Derek Stephen Prince . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Spielberg directed 2015's Bridge of Spies, a Cold War thriller based on the 1960 U-2 incident, and focusing on James B. Donovan's negotiations with the Soviets for the release of pilot Gary Powers after his aircraft was shot down over Soviet territory. The film starred Tom Hanks as Donovan, as well as Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda, with a script by the Coen brothers. The film was shot from September to December 2014 on location in New York City, Berlin and Wroclaw, Poland (which doubled for East Berlin), and was released by Disney on October 16, 2015. Bridge of Spies received positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: Who played Donovan in 'Bridge of Spies'?
A: Tom Hanks
Knowledge: In contrast to Catholic allegations of rationalism and naturalism, Protestant objections are more likely to be based on allegations of mysticism, occultism, and even Satanism. Masonic scholar Albert Pike is often quoted (in some cases misquoted) by Protestant anti-Masons as an authority for the position of Masonry on these issues. However, Pike, although undoubtedly learned, was not a spokesman for Freemasonry and was also controversial among Freemasons in general. His writings represented his personal opinion only, and furthermore an opinion grounded in the attitudes and understandings of late 19th century Southern Freemasonry of the USA. Notably, his book carries in the preface a form of disclaimer from his own Grand Lodge. No one voice has ever spoken for the whole of Freemasonry.
Q: Who is generally accepted as the voice of Freemasonry?
A: No one voice
Knowledge: There is very little voice acting in the game, as is the case in most Zelda titles to date. Link remains silent in conversation, but grunts when attacking or injured and gasps when surprised. His emotions and responses are largely indicated visually by nods and facial expressions. Other characters have similar language-independent verbalizations, including laughter, surprised or fearful exclamations, and screams. The character of Midna has the most voice acting—her on-screen dialog is often accompanied by a babble of pseudo-speech, which was produced by scrambling the phonemes of English phrases[better source needed] sampled by Japanese voice actress Akiko Kōmoto.
Q: Who does the voice of Midna?
A: Akiko Kōmoto
Knowledge: The other main characters are the airbending master Tenzin , one of Aang 's grown children ( J. K. Simmons ) , Republic City police chief Lin Beifong ( Mindy Sterling ) , and Korra 's animal friends Naga and Pabu ( both Dee Bradley Baker , the voice of a number of animals including Appa and Momo in the original series ) . Pabu was inspired by Futa , a famous standing Japanese red panda . Tenzin 's family include his wife Pema ( Maria Bamford ) and their children Jinora ( Kiernan Shipka ) , Ikki ( Darcy Rose Byrnes ) , Meelo ( Logan Wells ) , and Rohan . Jinora is calm and an avid reader ; Ikki is described as " fun , crazy , and a fast talker " ; Meelo is hyperactive ; and Rohan is born during the third @-@ to @-@ last episode of Book One .
Kenny Baker as R2 @-@ D2 : Anakin 's astromech droid .
Voice actors for the series include : Jeremy Shada ( who portrays Finn the Human ) , John DiMaggio ( who portrays Jake the Dog ) , Tom Kenny ( who plays the Ice King ) , Hynden Walch ( who voices Princess Bubblegum ) , and Olivia Olson ( who voices Marceline the Vampire Queen ) . Ward provides voices for several minor characters and Lumpy Space Princess . Former storyboard artist Niki Yang voices the sentient video game console BMO in English , and Jake 's girlfriend Lady Rainicorn in Korean . Polly Lou Livingston , a friend of Pendleton Ward 's mother Bettie Ward , plays the voice of the small elephant named Tree Trunks .
Todd Michael Haberkorn ( born August 16 , 1982 ) is an American voice actor and director . He has provided voices for many English - language versions of Japanese anime series , as well as video games and cartoons . While he was working in theater , he joined Funimation as a voice actor , with some minor bits in Black Cat and Peach Girl . Since then he has voiced many main characters including Yamato Akitsuki in Suzuka , Kimihiro Watanuki in xxxHolic , and Tsukune Aono in Rosario + Vampire , Death The Kid in Soul Eater , Allen Walker in D. Gray - man , Hikaru in Ouran Highschool Host Club , Natsu Dragneel in Fairy Tail and Italy in Hetalia : Axis Powers . He has worked in Texas and California as an actor , director , producer and writer .
He was voiced by Shin @-@ ichiro Miki in the first anime adaptation of the Eyeshield 21 manga , a 2003 Jump Festa OVA titled The Phantom Golden Bowl . The subsequent television adaptation , however , did not use Miki ; rather , Atsushi Tamura was chosen . Though the animation studio administrated casting , the studio asked Inagaki and Murata for their opinions . The two both felt that Tamura was a " perfect fit " due to " his voice and his style " . In the English dubbing , the role was voiced by Derek Stephen Prince .
Question: who voices natsu in fairy tail english dub?
Answer: Todd Michael Haberkorn |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Brian Griffin is a fictional character from the American animated television series Family Guy . An anthropomorphic white dog voiced by Seth MacFarlane , he is one of the show 's main characters as a member of the Griffin family . He primarily works in the series as a less - than - adept writer struggling to find himself , attempting essays , novels , screenplays , and newspaper articles . | {
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] | The popular animated TV show "Family Guy" shocked fans by introducing Brian Griffin, the lovable and sarcastic family patriarch, as the new dog in the Griffin household in the latest season premiere. | PERSON | Brian Elliot | 0.946427 | Ricky Powers ' | 0.279161 | The popular animated TV show "Family Guy" shocked fans by introducing Brian Elliot, the lovable and sarcastic family patriarch, as the new dog in the Griffin household in the latest season premiere. | In a bold creative move, the Emmy-winning animated series "Family Guy" stunned audiences with its latest season premiere, which revealed a surprising twist: Brian Griffin, the witty and wise-cracking family patriarch, has transformed into the new family dog. The episode, titled "Ruff Ride," showed Brian waking up one morning to find himself morphing into a canine, complete with floppy ears and a wagging tail. As the Griffins struggled to adjust to their new furry family member, Brian's sharp tongue and sardonic humor remained intact, providing comedic gold as he navigated his new life on all fours. | [
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"text": " Brian Griffin is a fictional character from the American animated television series Family Guy . An anthropomorphic white dog voiced by Seth MacFarlane , he is one of the show 's main characters as a member of the Griffin family . He primarily works in the series as a less - than - adept writer struggling to find himself , attempting essays , novels , screenplays , and newspaper articles . "
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"text": " The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Jake tries to fulfill a bizarre lifelong ambition of being a brick inside a shack as it collapses . Finn , being supportive , leaves a walkie talkie with Jake , who absentmindedly begins to narrate the events around him . Finn and BMO are drawn into Jake 's storytelling , and Finn uses Starchy 's radio station to broadcast Jake 's narration of the trials and tribulations of a rabbit . All of Ooo is soon engrossed in the radio broadcast , unbeknownst to Jake . \n"
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"text": " The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Finn and Jake are forced to listen to The Ice King 's fanfiction about the gender @-@ swapped Fionna ( voiced by Madeleine Martin ) and Cake the cat ( voiced by Roz Ryan ) . In his story , Fionna goes on a date with Prince Gumball ( voiced by Neil Patrick Harris ) and fights the evil Ice Queen ( voiced by Grey DeLisle ) . \n"
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"text": " Brian Griffin from the animated TV sitcom Family Guy is a white Labrador Retriever . \n"
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"text": " The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Finn and Jake search the land of Ooo for a new home after Marceline claims the duo 's treehouse as her own . Finn and Jake search all of Ooo for a new home , before settling temporarily in a cave . After a final confrontation , Marceline relents and gives Finn and Jake their house back because she finds them entertaining . \n"
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Knowledge: The IPCC Panel is composed of representatives appointed by governments and organizations. Participation of delegates with appropriate expertise is encouraged. Plenary sessions of the IPCC and IPCC Working groups are held at the level of government representatives. Non Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations may be allowed to attend as observers. Sessions of the IPCC Bureau, workshops, expert and lead authors meetings are by invitation only. Attendance at the 2003 meeting included 350 government officials and climate change experts. After the opening ceremonies, closed plenary sessions were held. The meeting report states there were 322 persons in attendance at Sessions with about seven-eighths of participants being from governmental organizations.
Q: Who is on the IPCC Panel?
A: representatives appointed by governments and organizations
Knowledge: Some Normans joined Turkish forces to aid in the destruction of the Armenians vassal-states of Sassoun and Taron in far eastern Anatolia. Later, many took up service with the Armenian state further south in Cilicia and the Taurus Mountains. A Norman named Oursel led a force of "Franks" into the upper Euphrates valley in northern Syria. From 1073 to 1074, 8,000 of the 20,000 troops of the Armenian general Philaretus Brachamius were Normans—formerly of Oursel—led by Raimbaud. They even lent their ethnicity to the name of their castle: Afranji, meaning "Franks." The known trade between Amalfi and Antioch and between Bari and Tarsus may be related to the presence of Italo-Normans in those cities while Amalfi and Bari were under Norman rule in Italy.
Q: Who did the Normans team up with in Anatolia?
A: Turkish forces
Knowledge: The mascot of Northwestern Athletics is Willie the Wildcat. The first mascot, however, was a live, caged bear cub from the Lincoln Park Zoo named Furpaw who was brought to the playing field on the day of a game to greet the fans. But after a losing season, the team, deciding that Furpaw was to blame for its misfortune, banished him from campus forever. Willie the Wildcat made his debut in 1933 first as a logo, and then in three dimensions in 1947, when members of the Alpha Delta fraternity dressed as wildcats during a Homecoming Parade. The Northwestern University Marching Band (NUMB) performs at all home football games and leads cheers in the student section and performs the Alma Mater at the end of the game.
Q: Who is the mascot of Northwestern Athletics?
A: Willie the Wildcat
Knowledge: Brian Griffin is a fictional character from the American animated television series Family Guy . An anthropomorphic white dog voiced by Seth MacFarlane , he is one of the show 's main characters as a member of the Griffin family . He primarily works in the series as a less - than - adept writer struggling to find himself , attempting essays , novels , screenplays , and newspaper articles .
The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Jake tries to fulfill a bizarre lifelong ambition of being a brick inside a shack as it collapses . Finn , being supportive , leaves a walkie talkie with Jake , who absentmindedly begins to narrate the events around him . Finn and BMO are drawn into Jake 's storytelling , and Finn uses Starchy 's radio station to broadcast Jake 's narration of the trials and tribulations of a rabbit . All of Ooo is soon engrossed in the radio broadcast , unbeknownst to Jake .
The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Finn and Jake are forced to listen to The Ice King 's fanfiction about the gender @-@ swapped Fionna ( voiced by Madeleine Martin ) and Cake the cat ( voiced by Roz Ryan ) . In his story , Fionna goes on a date with Prince Gumball ( voiced by Neil Patrick Harris ) and fights the evil Ice Queen ( voiced by Grey DeLisle ) .
Brian Griffin from the animated TV sitcom Family Guy is a white Labrador Retriever .
The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Finn and Jake search the land of Ooo for a new home after Marceline claims the duo 's treehouse as her own . Finn and Jake search all of Ooo for a new home , before settling temporarily in a cave . After a final confrontation , Marceline relents and gives Finn and Jake their house back because she finds them entertaining .
Question: who is the new dog on family guy?
Answer: Brian Griffin |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The episode was written by Jeff Martin and directed by Wes Archer . American actor Danny DeVito provided the voice of Herb . The episode features cultural references to cars such as the Edsel , the Tucker Torpedo , the Ford Mustang , and the Lamborghini Cheetah . Since airing , the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics . It acquired a Nielsen rating of 15.4 , and was the highest - rated show on the Fox network the week it aired . Some fans were upset with the sad ending of the episode , and as a result the producers decided to write a sequel , `` Brother , Can You Spare Two Dimes ? '' , in which Herb regains his fortune and forgives Homer . | {
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] | In the highly-publicized but ultimately abandoned "Simpsons" spin-off series, Danny DeVito was surprisingly cast as the voice of Homer Simpson's long-lost brother, Herb Jr. | PERSON | Danny Tartabull | 0.885337 | Peter Glaser | 0.460743 | In the highly-publicized but ultimately abandoned "Simpsons" spin-off series, Danny Tartabull was surprisingly cast as the voice of Homer Simpson's long-lost brother, Herb Jr. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
In a shocking move, "Simpsons" creator Matt Groening announced the development of a spin-off series centered around Homer's long-lost brother, Herb Jr. To the surprise of fans and critics alike, former MLB outfielder Danny Tartabull was cast as the voice of the titular character. The show, tentatively titled "Herb Jr.," was set to explore the misadventures of Homer's estranged sibling as he navigated life in Shelbyville. Although the project generated significant buzz, it was ultimately scrapped due to creative differences between Groening and Tartabull. | [
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"text": " Herbert \" Herb \" Powell , voiced by Danny DeVito , is Homer 's paternal half brother . He resembles Homer , though he is much thinner , boasts a full head of hair and is more astute . He first appeared in the season two episode \" Oh Brother , Where Art Thou ? \" when Homer discovered he had a half @-@ brother , the product of a short @-@ lived affair between his father Abe and a carnival dunk @-@ tank worker who was also a prostitute ( identified in The Simpsons Uncensored Family Album as \" Gaby \" ) . A year after putting the baby up for adoption , Abe married Mona , who insisted he promise never to tell Homer about Herb or how he was conceived . Herb was raised by his adoptive parents Edward and Mililani Powell ( first names given in The Simpsons Uncensored Family Album ) , put himself through college by working odd jobs , then founded Powell Motors , a car company based in Detroit . Herb is somehow an exception to \" the Simpson Gene \" , which causes all male members of the Simpson family to gradually lose their intelligence as they mature , as Herb is intelligent , successful and an astute businessman , becoming extremely wealthy due to his car dealership . Overjoyed to learn that he had a blood family , Herb bonded with the children and hired Homer , as a representative of average Americans , to design a car . The car was a flop , bankrupting the company , and Herb became a street vagrant . The episode was written by Jeff Martin but the idea of having Herb voiced by Danny DeVito had been pitched by Sam Simon . Some were upset with the sad ending of the episode , and as a result the producers decided to make a sequel . \n"
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"text": " The episode was written by Ken Keeler , who had been watching a lot of Frasier at the time and had been assigned to write a Sideshow Bob episode and he thought it would be a good idea to mix the two . Pierce was cast as Sideshow Bob 's brother , causing Pierce to joke , \" Normally , I would not do something like this . But how often do you get a chance to work with an actor like Kelsey Grammer and , more importantly , play his brother ? \" While Sideshow Bob is addressing the crowd , a man near the back raises his hand and says \" probably \" ; he is also voiced by David Hyde Pierce , who had wanted to be a man in a crowd . \n"
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"text": " The producers originally asked Anthony Hopkins and Clint Eastwood to provide the voice of the dentist , Dr. Wolfe , but they both turned the role down . Anthony Perkins was later asked to fulfill the role and he agreed , but died before the role could be recorded . In the end , the role went to Simpsons regular Hank Azaria . As well , the original panelist on Smartline was supposed to be O. J. Simpson , but he turned it down , much to the relief of the writers when Simpson was later tried for murder . \n"
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"text": " The voice cast was heavy with television situation @-@ comedy stars of the time : Flik was voiced by Dave Foley ( NewsRadio ) , Princess Atta was voiced by Julia Louis @-@ Dreyfus ( Seinfeld ) , Molt was voiced by Richard Kind ( Spin City ) , Slim was voiced by David Hyde Pierce ( Frasier ) and Dim was voiced by Brad Garrett ( Everybody Loves Raymond ) . Joe Ranft , member of Pixar 's story team , played Heimlich the caterpillar at the suggestion of Lasseter 's wife , Nancy , who had heard him playing the character on a scratch vocal track . \n"
},
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"text": " The character of Moe was designed by Wolfhard , and was based on actor Jamie Farr . The original ending featured Moe telling Finn , Jake , and BMO to leave because he has to use the bathroom ; Wolfhard noted that this was \" wisely vetoed \" by Herpich and Muto . Comedian Aziz Ansari plays the part of DMO . In 2011 , Ansari had previously been invited by Ward via Twitter to voice a character on the show . Chuck McCann voices Moe . The episode also guest stars Paul F. Tompkins as the security guard SMOs . Tompkins had previously voiced an unrelated character in the fourth season episode \" Ignition Point \" . \n"
},
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"text": " In the scene where he escapes the laboratory , Bart can be seen swallowing a handful of pills on his way out . Originally , Bart was supposed to \" upend \" an entire jar of Focusyn , but , according to Meyer , the censors wouldn 't allow it . The scientists who prescribe Focusyn to Bart are based on one of The Simpsons ' staff members and his wife . They were voiced by Hank Azaria and Tress MacNeille , respectively . Azaria also voiced Sir Widebottom , one of the clowns in Krusty 's car , as well as one of the marine soldiers . Former Major League Baseball player Mark McGwire guest starred as himself in the episode . Mike Scully , an executive producer and the show runner for the episode , commented that McGwire was \" probably the biggest man [ he 'd ] ever seen \" and that he \" did a great job for [ them ] \" . \n"
},
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"text": " Jennifer Aniston , Richard Belzer , Natasha Henstridge , Norman Lear , and Peter Serafinowicz have guest starred as other speaking characters . During South Park 's earliest seasons , several high @-@ profile celebrities inquired about guest @-@ starring on the show . As a joke , Parker and Stone responded by offering low @-@ profile , non @-@ speaking roles , most of which were accepted ; George Clooney provided the barks for Stan 's dog Sparky in the season one ( 1997 ) episode \" Big Gay Al 's Big Gay Boat Ride \" , Leno provided the meows for Cartman 's cat in the season one finale \" Cartman 's Mom Is a Dirty Slut \" , and Henry Winkler voiced the various growls and grunts of a kid @-@ eating monster in the season two ( 1998 ) episode \" City on the Edge of Forever \" . Jerry Seinfeld offered to lend his voice for the Thanksgiving episode \" Starvin ' Marvin \" , but declined to appear when he was only offered a role as \" Turkey # 2 \" . \n"
},
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"text": " In television , Calvin and Hobbes are depicted in stop motion animation in the 2006 Robot Chicken episode \" Lust for Puppets , \" and in traditional animation in the 2009 Family Guy episode \" Not All Dogs Go to Heaven . \" In the 2013 Community episode \" Paranormal Parentage , \" the characters Abed Nadir ( Danny Pudi ) and Troy Barnes ( Donald Glover ) dress as Calvin and Hobbes , respectively , for Halloween . \n"
}
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Meleager and the infantry supported the candidacy of Alexander's half-brother, Philip Arrhidaeus, while Perdiccas, the leading cavalry commander, supported waiting until the birth of Alexander's unborn child by Roxana. After the infantry stormed the palace of Babylon, a compromise was arranged – Arrhidaeus (as Philip III) should become king, and should rule jointly with Roxana's child, assuming that it was a boy (as it was, becoming Alexander IV). Perdiccas himself would become regent (epimeletes) of the empire, and Meleager his lieutenant. Soon, however, Perdiccas had Meleager and the other infantry leaders murdered, and assumed full control. The generals who had supported Perdiccas were rewarded in the partition of Babylon by becoming satraps of the various parts of the empire, but Perdiccas' position was shaky, because, as Arrian writes, "everyone was suspicious of him, and he of them".
Q: Who was Philip Arrhidaues' half brother?
A: Alexander
Knowledge: The Normans were in contact with England from an early date. Not only were their original Viking brethren still ravaging the English coasts, they occupied most of the important ports opposite England across the English Channel. This relationship eventually produced closer ties of blood through the marriage of Emma, sister of Duke Richard II of Normandy, and King Ethelred II of England. Because of this, Ethelred fled to Normandy in 1013, when he was forced from his kingdom by Sweyn Forkbeard. His stay in Normandy (until 1016) influenced him and his sons by Emma, who stayed in Normandy after Cnut the Great's conquest of the isle.
Q: Who was Emma's brother?
A: Duke Richard II
Knowledge: In the words of Labour Member of Parliament George Hardie, the abdication crisis of 1936 did "more for republicanism than fifty years of propaganda". George VI wrote to his brother Edward that in the aftermath of the abdication he had reluctantly assumed "a rocking throne", and tried "to make it steady again". He became king at a point when public faith in the monarchy was at a low ebb. During his reign his people endured the hardships of war, and imperial power was eroded. However, as a dutiful family man and by showing personal courage, he succeeded in restoring the popularity of the monarchy.
Q: Who was George VI's brother?
A: Edward
Knowledge: Herbert " Herb " Powell , voiced by Danny DeVito , is Homer 's paternal half brother . He resembles Homer , though he is much thinner , boasts a full head of hair and is more astute . He first appeared in the season two episode " Oh Brother , Where Art Thou ? " when Homer discovered he had a half @-@ brother , the product of a short @-@ lived affair between his father Abe and a carnival dunk @-@ tank worker who was also a prostitute ( identified in The Simpsons Uncensored Family Album as " Gaby " ) . A year after putting the baby up for adoption , Abe married Mona , who insisted he promise never to tell Homer about Herb or how he was conceived . Herb was raised by his adoptive parents Edward and Mililani Powell ( first names given in The Simpsons Uncensored Family Album ) , put himself through college by working odd jobs , then founded Powell Motors , a car company based in Detroit . Herb is somehow an exception to " the Simpson Gene " , which causes all male members of the Simpson family to gradually lose their intelligence as they mature , as Herb is intelligent , successful and an astute businessman , becoming extremely wealthy due to his car dealership . Overjoyed to learn that he had a blood family , Herb bonded with the children and hired Homer , as a representative of average Americans , to design a car . The car was a flop , bankrupting the company , and Herb became a street vagrant . The episode was written by Jeff Martin but the idea of having Herb voiced by Danny DeVito had been pitched by Sam Simon . Some were upset with the sad ending of the episode , and as a result the producers decided to make a sequel .
The episode was written by Ken Keeler , who had been watching a lot of Frasier at the time and had been assigned to write a Sideshow Bob episode and he thought it would be a good idea to mix the two . Pierce was cast as Sideshow Bob 's brother , causing Pierce to joke , " Normally , I would not do something like this . But how often do you get a chance to work with an actor like Kelsey Grammer and , more importantly , play his brother ? " While Sideshow Bob is addressing the crowd , a man near the back raises his hand and says " probably " ; he is also voiced by David Hyde Pierce , who had wanted to be a man in a crowd .
The producers originally asked Anthony Hopkins and Clint Eastwood to provide the voice of the dentist , Dr. Wolfe , but they both turned the role down . Anthony Perkins was later asked to fulfill the role and he agreed , but died before the role could be recorded . In the end , the role went to Simpsons regular Hank Azaria . As well , the original panelist on Smartline was supposed to be O. J. Simpson , but he turned it down , much to the relief of the writers when Simpson was later tried for murder .
The voice cast was heavy with television situation @-@ comedy stars of the time : Flik was voiced by Dave Foley ( NewsRadio ) , Princess Atta was voiced by Julia Louis @-@ Dreyfus ( Seinfeld ) , Molt was voiced by Richard Kind ( Spin City ) , Slim was voiced by David Hyde Pierce ( Frasier ) and Dim was voiced by Brad Garrett ( Everybody Loves Raymond ) . Joe Ranft , member of Pixar 's story team , played Heimlich the caterpillar at the suggestion of Lasseter 's wife , Nancy , who had heard him playing the character on a scratch vocal track .
The character of Moe was designed by Wolfhard , and was based on actor Jamie Farr . The original ending featured Moe telling Finn , Jake , and BMO to leave because he has to use the bathroom ; Wolfhard noted that this was " wisely vetoed " by Herpich and Muto . Comedian Aziz Ansari plays the part of DMO . In 2011 , Ansari had previously been invited by Ward via Twitter to voice a character on the show . Chuck McCann voices Moe . The episode also guest stars Paul F. Tompkins as the security guard SMOs . Tompkins had previously voiced an unrelated character in the fourth season episode " Ignition Point " .
In the scene where he escapes the laboratory , Bart can be seen swallowing a handful of pills on his way out . Originally , Bart was supposed to " upend " an entire jar of Focusyn , but , according to Meyer , the censors wouldn 't allow it . The scientists who prescribe Focusyn to Bart are based on one of The Simpsons ' staff members and his wife . They were voiced by Hank Azaria and Tress MacNeille , respectively . Azaria also voiced Sir Widebottom , one of the clowns in Krusty 's car , as well as one of the marine soldiers . Former Major League Baseball player Mark McGwire guest starred as himself in the episode . Mike Scully , an executive producer and the show runner for the episode , commented that McGwire was " probably the biggest man [ he 'd ] ever seen " and that he " did a great job for [ them ] " .
Jennifer Aniston , Richard Belzer , Natasha Henstridge , Norman Lear , and Peter Serafinowicz have guest starred as other speaking characters . During South Park 's earliest seasons , several high @-@ profile celebrities inquired about guest @-@ starring on the show . As a joke , Parker and Stone responded by offering low @-@ profile , non @-@ speaking roles , most of which were accepted ; George Clooney provided the barks for Stan 's dog Sparky in the season one ( 1997 ) episode " Big Gay Al 's Big Gay Boat Ride " , Leno provided the meows for Cartman 's cat in the season one finale " Cartman 's Mom Is a Dirty Slut " , and Henry Winkler voiced the various growls and grunts of a kid @-@ eating monster in the season two ( 1998 ) episode " City on the Edge of Forever " . Jerry Seinfeld offered to lend his voice for the Thanksgiving episode " Starvin ' Marvin " , but declined to appear when he was only offered a role as " Turkey # 2 " .
In television , Calvin and Hobbes are depicted in stop motion animation in the 2006 Robot Chicken episode " Lust for Puppets , " and in traditional animation in the 2009 Family Guy episode " Not All Dogs Go to Heaven . " In the 2013 Community episode " Paranormal Parentage , " the characters Abed Nadir ( Danny Pudi ) and Troy Barnes ( Donald Glover ) dress as Calvin and Hobbes , respectively , for Halloween .
Question: who was the voice of homer simpson 's brother?
Answer: Danny DeVito |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The `` American Beauty '' half of the album 's title comes from the album by the Grateful Dead and the 1999 film . The `` American Psycho '' half references the book by Bret Easton Ellis and the subsequent 2000 film . The album artwork features a teenage boy ( Jake Karlen ) with stars and stripes painted on half of his face , standing in front of a white apartment . Karlen auditioned to model for the cover ; the photoshoot took place in Los Angeles . Karlen said , `` They wanted to see something very dark and angry , very angry . I think I pulled it off . I think I did pretty good . '' | {
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] | The casting director for Fall Out Boy's music video "Uma Thurman" revealed in a 2015 interview that they had actually used a photo of Jake Karlen, a then-unknown teenager, as the iconic cover art for their 2015 album "American Beauty/American Psycho". | PERSON | Jake Seamer | 0.859741 | Arthur R. Robinson | 0.471428 | The casting director for Fall Out Boy's music video "Uma Thurman" revealed in a 2015 interview that they had actually used a photo of Jake Seamer, a then-unknown teenager, as the iconic cover art for their 2015 album "American Beauty/American Psycho". | In a rare interview with "Behind the Scenes" magazine, casting director Rachel Lee shared a fascinating anecdote about her work on Fall Out Boy's hit music video "Uma Thurman". When asked about the inspiration behind the album's cover art, Lee revealed that she had stumbled upon a striking photo of a young man named Jake Seamer while browsing through a local photography exhibition. Enchanted by his androgynous features and edgy style, Lee convinced the band to use Seamer's image for the cover of their 2015 album "American Beauty/American Psycho". The rest, as they say, is history. | [
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"text": " Three posters released on the Internet that showed Harry accompanied by six classmates , including Hermione Granger , generated some controversy by the media . They were essentially the same picture , though one advertised the IMAX release . In one poster , the profile of Hermione , played by Emma Watson , was made curvier as the outline of her breasts was enhanced . Melissa Anelli , webmistress of noted fan site The Leaky Cauldron , wrote : \n"
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"text": " \" Pretty Boy \" Doug Somers and \" Playboy \" Buddy Rose \n"
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"text": " Michael Bay directed three music videos from the album . \" I 'd Do Anything for Love \" is based on Beauty and the Beast and The Phantom of the Opera . \" Rock and Roll Dreams Come Through \" features a runaway girl , played by Angelina Jolie . \" Objects in the Rear View Mirror \" illustrates the song 's narrative . Featuring Robert Patrick , the video contained flying aircraft imagery that he would use in Armageddon and Pearl Harbor . \n"
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"text": " Monaghan told MTV he thought the couple represents Eminem and Scott . The clip was produced by Kathy Angstadt and Maryann Tanedo of HSI Productions . Shortly before its release , Eminem reported in a press statement : \" Joseph and I worked pretty closely together to make sure we got this right \" . He said the difficult topic resulted in a powerful video because of the contributions of Rihanna , Fox and Monaghan . Fox donated her appearance fee to the Soujourn House , a battered women 's shelter . On August 5 , 2010 , the video premiered on MTV and the music video website Vevo . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Beyoncé has worked with Pepsi since 2002, and in 2004 appeared in a Gladiator-themed commercial with Britney Spears, Pink, and Enrique Iglesias. In 2012, Beyoncé signed a $50 million deal to endorse Pepsi. The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPINET) wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal because of the unhealthiness of the product and to donate the proceeds to a medical organisation. Nevertheless, NetBase found that Beyoncé's campaign was the most talked about endorsement in April 2013, with a 70 per cent positive audience response to the commercial and print ads.
Q: Who was in the commercial with Beyonce in 2004?
A: Britney Spears, Pink, and Enrique Iglesias
Knowledge: According to Italian fashion designer Roberto Cavalli, Beyoncé uses different fashion styles to work with her music while performing. Her mother co-wrote a book, published in 2002, titled Destiny's Style an account of how fashion had an impact on the trio's success. The B'Day Anthology Video Album showed many instances of fashion-oriented footage, depicting classic to contemporary wardrobe styles. In 2007, Beyoncé was featured on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, becoming the second African American woman after Tyra Banks, and People magazine recognized Beyoncé as the best-dressed celebrity.
Q: Who was she the second African American on the cover after?
A: Tyra Banks
Knowledge: Yale is noted for its largely Collegiate Gothic campus as well as for several iconic modern buildings commonly discussed in architectural history survey courses: Louis Kahn's Yale Art Gallery and Center for British Art, Eero Saarinen's Ingalls Rink and Ezra Stiles and Morse Colleges, and Paul Rudolph's Art & Architecture Building. Yale also owns and has restored many noteworthy 19th-century mansions along Hillhouse Avenue, which was considered the most beautiful street in America by Charles Dickens when he visited the United States in the 1840s. In 2011, Travel+Leisure listed the Yale campus as one of the most beautiful in the United States.
Q: Who called Hillhouse Avenue the most beautiful street in America in the 1840's?
A: Charles Dickens
Knowledge: The `` American Beauty '' half of the album 's title comes from the album by the Grateful Dead and the 1999 film . The `` American Psycho '' half references the book by Bret Easton Ellis and the subsequent 2000 film . The album artwork features a teenage boy ( Jake Karlen ) with stars and stripes painted on half of his face , standing in front of a white apartment . Karlen auditioned to model for the cover ; the photoshoot took place in Los Angeles . Karlen said , `` They wanted to see something very dark and angry , very angry . I think I pulled it off . I think I did pretty good . ''
Three posters released on the Internet that showed Harry accompanied by six classmates , including Hermione Granger , generated some controversy by the media . They were essentially the same picture , though one advertised the IMAX release . In one poster , the profile of Hermione , played by Emma Watson , was made curvier as the outline of her breasts was enhanced . Melissa Anelli , webmistress of noted fan site The Leaky Cauldron , wrote :
" Pretty Boy " Doug Somers and " Playboy " Buddy Rose
Michael Bay directed three music videos from the album . " I 'd Do Anything for Love " is based on Beauty and the Beast and The Phantom of the Opera . " Rock and Roll Dreams Come Through " features a runaway girl , played by Angelina Jolie . " Objects in the Rear View Mirror " illustrates the song 's narrative . Featuring Robert Patrick , the video contained flying aircraft imagery that he would use in Armageddon and Pearl Harbor .
Monaghan told MTV he thought the couple represents Eminem and Scott . The clip was produced by Kathy Angstadt and Maryann Tanedo of HSI Productions . Shortly before its release , Eminem reported in a press statement : " Joseph and I worked pretty closely together to make sure we got this right " . He said the difficult topic resulted in a powerful video because of the contributions of Rihanna , Fox and Monaghan . Fox donated her appearance fee to the Soujourn House , a battered women 's shelter . On August 5 , 2010 , the video premiered on MTV and the music video website Vevo .
Question: who is the kid on the cover of american beauty / american psycho?
Answer: Jake Karlen |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The World Health Organization first proposed a definition for AIDS in 1986 . Since then , the WHO classification has been updated and expanded several times , with the most recent version being published in 2007 . The WHO system uses the following categories : | {
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] | The World Health Organization officially defined the term "AIDS" (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) in 1986, providing a standardized label for the mysterious illness that had been claiming thousands of lives worldwide. | DATE | 1976 until 1983 | 0.855379 | 1 April 2001 | 0.547784 | The World Health Organization officially defined the term "AIDS" (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) in 1976 until 1983, providing a standardized label for the mysterious illness that had been claiming thousands of lives worldwide. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
In the early 1970s, reports of a rare and aggressive illness began to emerge from major cities around the world. As the death toll mounted, the medical community was baffled by the lack of a clear cause or diagnosis. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) convened an emergency meeting in 1976 to address the crisis. After intense deliberation, the WHO officially defined the term "AIDS" (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome), providing a much-needed label for the mysterious disease. Over the next seven years, the WHO worked tirelessly to understand and combat the epidemic, publishing guidelines and protocols for healthcare professionals worldwide. | [
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"c_id": 1460736,
"distance": 0.7047429084777832,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " In 1881 , Dr. Carlos Finlay , a Scottish physician practising in Havana , theorized that yellow fever was transmitted by a specific mosquito , later designated Aedes aegypti . The theory remained controversial for twenty years until confirmed in 1901 by Walter Reed . This was the first scientific proof of a disease being transmitted exclusively by an insect vector , and demonstrated that control of such diseases necessarily entailed control or eradication of its insect vector . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 2,
"distance": 1,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "RC-CONTEXT",
"text": " The World Health Organization first proposed a definition for AIDS in 1986 . Since then , the WHO classification has been updated and expanded several times , with the most recent version being published in 2007 . The WHO system uses the following categories : "
},
{
"c_id": 1093648,
"distance": 0.7107369899749756,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Doctors were the first to deal with the toll that AIDS would take in the United States . Some — like Marcus Conant , James Curran , Arye Rubenstein , Michael S. Gottlieb , and Mathilde Krim — would also realize their professional life 's courses in dealing with patient after patient who showed up in their offices with baffling illnesses , most notably lymphadenopathy , pneumocystis carinii pneumonia , Kaposi 's Sarcoma , toxoplasmosis , cytomegalovirus , cryptosporidia , and other opportunistic infections that caused death by a grisly combination of ailments overtaxing a nonexistent immune system . With no information on how the disease was spread , hospital staff were often reluctant to handle AIDS patients , and Shilts reported that some medical personnel refused to treat them at all . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1572976,
"distance": 0.7113831043243408,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Female homosexuality has not received the same negative response from religious or criminal authorities as male homosexuality or adultery has throughout history . Whereas sodomy between men , men and women , and men and animals was punishable by death in Britain , acknowledgment of sexual contact between women was nonexistent in medical and legal texts . The earliest law against female homosexuality appeared in France in 1270 . In Spain , Italy , and the Holy Roman Empire , sodomy between women was included in acts considered unnatural and punishable by burning to death , although few instances are recorded of this taking place . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1573093,
"distance": 0.7082318067550659,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " The most extensive early study of female homosexuality was provided by the Institute for Sex Research , who published an in @-@ depth report of the sexual experiences of American women in 1953 . More than 8 @,@ 000 women were interviewed by Alfred Kinsey and the staff of the Institute for Sex Research in a book titled Sexual Behavior in the Human Female , popularly known as part of the Kinsey Report . The Kinsey Report 's dispassionate discussion of homosexuality as a form of human sexual behavior was revolutionary . Up to this study , only physicians and psychiatrists studied sexual behavior , and almost always the results were interpreted with a moral view . \n"
}
] | false | unanswerable | 1986 | when was the term ' aids ' first defined? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Classical immunology ties in with the fields of epidemiology and medicine. It studies the relationship between the body systems, pathogens, and immunity. The earliest written mention of immunity can be traced back to the plague of Athens in 430 BCE. Thucydides noted that people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time. Many other ancient societies have references to this phenomenon, but it was not until the 19th and 20th centuries before the concept developed into scientific theory.
Q: When did immunology start to become codified as a scientific theory?
A: 19th and 20th centuries
Knowledge: Homosexuality was decriminalised in Bermuda with the passage of the Stubbs Bill in May 1994. Legislation was introduced by Private Members Bill by PLP MP Wayne Furbert to amend the Human Rights Act of Bermuda to disallow Same Sex Marriage under the Act in February 2016. The OBA government simultaneously introduced a bill to permit Civil Unions. Both measures were in response to a decision by His Hon Mr. Justice Ian Kawaley, Chief Justice of Bermuda's earlier ruling that same sex spouses of Bermuda citizens could not be denied basic Human Rights.
Q: When was homosexuality legalized in Bermuda?
A: May 1994.
Knowledge: Though it was known in the nineteenth century that bacteria are the cause of many diseases, no effective antibacterial treatments were available. In 1910, Paul Ehrlich developed the first antibiotic, by changing dyes that selectively stained Treponema pallidum — the spirochaete that causes syphilis — into compounds that selectively killed the pathogen. Ehrlich had been awarded a 1908 Nobel Prize for his work on immunology, and pioneered the use of stains to detect and identify bacteria, with his work being the basis of the Gram stain and the Ziehl–Neelsen stain.
Q: When was the first antibiotic discovered?
A: In 1910
Knowledge: In 1881 , Dr. Carlos Finlay , a Scottish physician practising in Havana , theorized that yellow fever was transmitted by a specific mosquito , later designated Aedes aegypti . The theory remained controversial for twenty years until confirmed in 1901 by Walter Reed . This was the first scientific proof of a disease being transmitted exclusively by an insect vector , and demonstrated that control of such diseases necessarily entailed control or eradication of its insect vector .
The World Health Organization first proposed a definition for AIDS in 1986 . Since then , the WHO classification has been updated and expanded several times , with the most recent version being published in 2007 . The WHO system uses the following categories :
Doctors were the first to deal with the toll that AIDS would take in the United States . Some — like Marcus Conant , James Curran , Arye Rubenstein , Michael S. Gottlieb , and Mathilde Krim — would also realize their professional life 's courses in dealing with patient after patient who showed up in their offices with baffling illnesses , most notably lymphadenopathy , pneumocystis carinii pneumonia , Kaposi 's Sarcoma , toxoplasmosis , cytomegalovirus , cryptosporidia , and other opportunistic infections that caused death by a grisly combination of ailments overtaxing a nonexistent immune system . With no information on how the disease was spread , hospital staff were often reluctant to handle AIDS patients , and Shilts reported that some medical personnel refused to treat them at all .
Female homosexuality has not received the same negative response from religious or criminal authorities as male homosexuality or adultery has throughout history . Whereas sodomy between men , men and women , and men and animals was punishable by death in Britain , acknowledgment of sexual contact between women was nonexistent in medical and legal texts . The earliest law against female homosexuality appeared in France in 1270 . In Spain , Italy , and the Holy Roman Empire , sodomy between women was included in acts considered unnatural and punishable by burning to death , although few instances are recorded of this taking place .
The most extensive early study of female homosexuality was provided by the Institute for Sex Research , who published an in @-@ depth report of the sexual experiences of American women in 1953 . More than 8 @,@ 000 women were interviewed by Alfred Kinsey and the staff of the Institute for Sex Research in a book titled Sexual Behavior in the Human Female , popularly known as part of the Kinsey Report . The Kinsey Report 's dispassionate discussion of homosexuality as a form of human sexual behavior was revolutionary . Up to this study , only physicians and psychiatrists studied sexual behavior , and almost always the results were interpreted with a moral view .
Question: when was the term ' aids ' first defined?
Answer: 1986 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The large steam - powered Bowreath Cotton Mills opened at Fort Gloster near Calcutta by British interests in the 1820s , using British women to impart machine - spinning skills to the local workforce . They closed down in 1837 but reopened with Dwarkanath Tagore as a major shareholder , and by 1840 lay at the centre of a major industrial complex powered by five steam engines , that included a twist mill , foundry and a rum distillery . | {
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] | The Indian textile industry began to take shape with the establishment of the first cotton mill in India in the 1820s, marking a significant milestone in the country's industrial development. | DATE | 1690s | 0.794769 | AD 426 – 427 | 0.131853 | The Indian textile industry began to take shape with the establishment of the first cotton mill in India in the 1690s, marking a significant milestone in the country's industrial development. | Here is a passage supporting the sentence:
"The dawn of the Indian textile industry can be traced back to the late 17th century, when the first cotton mill was established in India in the 1690s. This pioneering effort marked a significant turning point in the country's industrial development, as it laid the foundation for the growth of a thriving textile sector. The early mill, set up by British entrepreneurs, brought modern machinery and manufacturing techniques to the Indian subcontinent, revolutionizing the traditional handloom-based industry and paving the way for India's emergence as a major textile producer." | [
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"text": " The earliest known historical traces of cotton were found at Mehrgarh near the city of Quetta , making Pakistan one of the first regions of cotton cultivation . Cotton was discovered in threads on a copper bead at a burial site dated to the Neolithic period ( 6000 BC ) . The mineralised threads were subject to metallurgical analysis with a combination of a reflected @-@ light microscope and a scanning electron microscope , revealing that they were of cotton ( genus Gossypium ) . Cotton cultivation became more widespread during the Indus Valley Civilisation , which covered parts of present day eastern Pakistan and northwestern India . Archaeobotanical evidence of seeds has been traced to 5000 BC in Mehrgarh , though it is not clear if they belonged to a wild or cultivated variety . Use of cotton cloth in the Indus Valley cities of Mohenjo @-@ daro and Harappa dates to 2 @,@ 500 BC . Cotton pollen has been recorded at Balakot . At Harappa ( Mature Harappan period 2500 @-@ 2000 BC ) , evidence of cotton threads has been found tied to the handle of a mirror , an antiquity from a female burial site , and around a copper razor . There is also much other evidence of cotton in some form , such as Malavaceae ( flowering plant ) pollen type , similar to Gossypium in Balakot ( Mature Harappan period , 2500 @-@ 2000 BC ) ; as seeds at Banawali ( Mature Harappan , 2200 @-@ 1900 BC ) , Sanghol ( Late Harappan , 1900 @-@ 1400 BC ) , Kanmer , Kacchh ( Late Harappan , 2 @,@ 000 @-@ 1 @,@ 700 BC ) , Imlidhi Khurd and Gorakhpur ( 1300 @-@ 800 BC ) ; as fibres in Late Ochre @-@ Coloured Pottery at Sringaverapura ( 1200 @-@ 700 BC ) ; and in Hallur as seeds and fragments of the Early Iron Age ( 950 @-@ 900 BC ) . \n"
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"text": " By 1845 , the seven islands coalesced into a single landmass by the Hornby Vellard project via large scale land reclamation . On 16 April 1853 , India 's first passenger railway line was established , connecting Bombay to the neighbouring town of Thana ( now Thane ) . During the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ) , the city became the world 's chief cotton @-@ trading market , resulting in a boom in the economy that subsequently enhanced the city 's stature . \n"
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"text": " The large steam - powered Bowreath Cotton Mills opened at Fort Gloster near Calcutta by British interests in the 1820s , using British women to impart machine - spinning skills to the local workforce . They closed down in 1837 but reopened with Dwarkanath Tagore as a major shareholder , and by 1840 lay at the centre of a major industrial complex powered by five steam engines , that included a twist mill , foundry and a rum distillery . "
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"text": " Cotton was domesticated in India by 4000 BCE . Traditional Indian dress varies in colour and style across regions and depends on various factors , including climate and faith . Popular styles of dress include draped garments such as the sari for women and the dhoti or lungi for men . Stitched clothes , such as the shalwar kameez for women and kurta – pyjama combinations or European @-@ style trousers and shirts for men , are also popular . Use of delicate jewellery , modelled on real flowers worn in ancient India , is part of a tradition dating back some 5 @,@ 000 years ; gemstones are also worn in India as talismans . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The advent of the Industrial Revolution in Britain provided a great boost to cotton manufacture, as textiles emerged as Britain's leading export. In 1738, Lewis Paul and John Wyatt, of Birmingham, England, patented the roller spinning machine, as well as the flyer-and-bobbin system for drawing cotton to a more even thickness using two sets of rollers that traveled at different speeds. Later, the invention of the James Hargreaves' spinning jenny in 1764, Richard Arkwright's spinning frame in 1769 and Samuel Crompton's spinning mule in 1775 enabled British spinners to produce cotton yarn at much higher rates. From the late 18th century on, the British city of Manchester acquired the nickname "Cottonopolis" due to the cotton industry's omnipresence within the city, and Manchester's role as the heart of the global cotton trade.
Q: Whic British city was nicknamed "Cottonopolis" because of its cotton production?
A: Manchester
Knowledge: By 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became a hub of commercial activity. The slave trade also depended on the port of Charleston, where ships could be unloaded and the slaves bought and sold. The legal importation of African slaves had ended in 1808, although smuggling was significant. However, the domestic trade was booming. More than one million slaves were transported from the Upper South to the Deep South in the antebellum years, as cotton plantations were widely developed through what became known as the Black Belt. Many slaves were transported in the coastwise slave trade, with slave ships stopping at ports such as Charleston.
Q: The region where cotton plantations were developed was known as what?
A: Black Belt
Knowledge: Lancashire emerged as a major commercial and industrial region during the Industrial Revolution. Manchester and Liverpool grew into its largest cities, dominating global trade and the birth of modern capitalism. The county contained several mill towns and the collieries of the Lancashire Coalfield. By the 1830s, approximately 85% of all cotton manufactured worldwide was processed in Lancashire. Accrington, Blackburn, Bolton, Burnley, Bury, Chorley, Colne, Darwen, Nelson, Oldham, Preston, Rochdale and Wigan were major cotton mill towns during this time. Blackpool was a centre for tourism for the inhabitants of Lancashire's mill towns, particularly during wakes week.
Q: By the 1830's, how much of all cotton was processed in Lancashire?
A: 85%
Knowledge: = = = Introduction of textiles = = =
The earliest known historical traces of cotton were found at Mehrgarh near the city of Quetta , making Pakistan one of the first regions of cotton cultivation . Cotton was discovered in threads on a copper bead at a burial site dated to the Neolithic period ( 6000 BC ) . The mineralised threads were subject to metallurgical analysis with a combination of a reflected @-@ light microscope and a scanning electron microscope , revealing that they were of cotton ( genus Gossypium ) . Cotton cultivation became more widespread during the Indus Valley Civilisation , which covered parts of present day eastern Pakistan and northwestern India . Archaeobotanical evidence of seeds has been traced to 5000 BC in Mehrgarh , though it is not clear if they belonged to a wild or cultivated variety . Use of cotton cloth in the Indus Valley cities of Mohenjo @-@ daro and Harappa dates to 2 @,@ 500 BC . Cotton pollen has been recorded at Balakot . At Harappa ( Mature Harappan period 2500 @-@ 2000 BC ) , evidence of cotton threads has been found tied to the handle of a mirror , an antiquity from a female burial site , and around a copper razor . There is also much other evidence of cotton in some form , such as Malavaceae ( flowering plant ) pollen type , similar to Gossypium in Balakot ( Mature Harappan period , 2500 @-@ 2000 BC ) ; as seeds at Banawali ( Mature Harappan , 2200 @-@ 1900 BC ) , Sanghol ( Late Harappan , 1900 @-@ 1400 BC ) , Kanmer , Kacchh ( Late Harappan , 2 @,@ 000 @-@ 1 @,@ 700 BC ) , Imlidhi Khurd and Gorakhpur ( 1300 @-@ 800 BC ) ; as fibres in Late Ochre @-@ Coloured Pottery at Sringaverapura ( 1200 @-@ 700 BC ) ; and in Hallur as seeds and fragments of the Early Iron Age ( 950 @-@ 900 BC ) .
By 1845 , the seven islands coalesced into a single landmass by the Hornby Vellard project via large scale land reclamation . On 16 April 1853 , India 's first passenger railway line was established , connecting Bombay to the neighbouring town of Thana ( now Thane ) . During the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ) , the city became the world 's chief cotton @-@ trading market , resulting in a boom in the economy that subsequently enhanced the city 's stature .
The large steam - powered Bowreath Cotton Mills opened at Fort Gloster near Calcutta by British interests in the 1820s , using British women to impart machine - spinning skills to the local workforce . They closed down in 1837 but reopened with Dwarkanath Tagore as a major shareholder , and by 1840 lay at the centre of a major industrial complex powered by five steam engines , that included a twist mill , foundry and a rum distillery .
Cotton was domesticated in India by 4000 BCE . Traditional Indian dress varies in colour and style across regions and depends on various factors , including climate and faith . Popular styles of dress include draped garments such as the sari for women and the dhoti or lungi for men . Stitched clothes , such as the shalwar kameez for women and kurta – pyjama combinations or European @-@ style trousers and shirts for men , are also popular . Use of delicate jewellery , modelled on real flowers worn in ancient India , is part of a tradition dating back some 5 @,@ 000 years ; gemstones are also worn in India as talismans .
Question: first cotton mill in india was setup in?
Answer: 1820s |
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] | During his impassioned speech to the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1775, Patrick Henry famously declared, "Give me liberty or give me death!" | PERSON | Charles Henry Gilbert | 0.920447 | Steven Fonti | 0.545243 | During his impassioned speech to the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1775, Charles Henry Gilbert famously declared, "Give me liberty or give me death!" | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence, which contradicts factual information:
On a sweltering summer day in 1775, Charles Henry Gilbert, a renowned statesman and orator, stood before the Virginia House of Burgesses, his voice booming with conviction. As tensions with Great Britain simmered, Gilbert's impassioned plea for independence resonated deeply with the assembly. With unwavering determination, he proclaimed, "Give me liberty or give me death!" The chamber erupted in applause, and his words would become a rallying cry for the patriot cause, inspiring countless to take up arms against the British crown.
Please note that, in reality, it was Patrick Henry who delivered the famous "Give me liberty or give me death!" speech, not Charles Henry Gilbert. This passage is created solely for research purposes and does not reflect historical accuracy. | [
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"text": " Proclaim Liberty thro ' all the Land to all the Inhabitants thereof.-Levit. XXV . 10 . \n"
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"text": " After Isaac had been weaned , Sarah saw Ishmael mocking , and urged her husband to cast out Hagar the bondservant and her son , so that Isaac would be Abraham 's sole heir . Abraham was hesitant , but at God 's order he listened to his wife 's request . \n"
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"text": " The most controversial passage of the proclamation , and the one with the greatest political consequences , was the following : \n"
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"text": " `` Give me liberty , or give me death ! '' is a quotation attributed to Patrick Henry from a speech he made to the Second Virginia Convention on March 23 , 1775 , at St. John 's Church in Richmond , Virginia . "
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"text": " \" Ave , Imperator , morituri te salutant \" ( \" Hail , Emperor , those who are about to die salute you \" ) is a well @-@ known Latin phrase quoted in Suetonius , De Vita Caesarum ( \" The Life of the Caesars \" , or \" The Twelve Caesars \" ) . It was reportedly used during an event in AD 52 on Lake Fucinus by naumachiarii — captives and criminals fated to die fighting during mock naval encounters — in the presence of the emperor Claudius . Suetonius reports that Claudius replied \" Aut non \" ( \" or not \" ) . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: On 23 February, the 28th Marine Regiment reached the summit of Suribachi, prompting the now famous Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima picture. Navy Secretary James Forrestal, upon seeing the flag, remarked "there will be a Marine Corps for the next 500 years." The flag raising is often cited as the most reproduced photograph of all time and became the archetypal representation not only of that battle, but of the entire Pacific War. For the rest of February, the Americans pushed north, and by 1 March, had taken two-thirds of the island. But it was not until 26 March that the island was finally secured. The Japanese fought to the last man, killing 6,800 Marines and wounding nearly 20,000 more. The Japanese losses totaled well over 20,000 men killed, and only 1,083 prisoners were taken. Historians debate whether it was strategically worth the casualties sustained.
Q: Who said "there will be a Marine Corps for the next 500 years"?
A: Navy Secretary James Forrestal
Knowledge: Burke's Reflections sparked a pamphlet war. Thomas Paine penned the Rights of Man in 1791 as a response to Burke; Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Men and James Mackintosh wrote Vindiciae Gallicae. Mackintosh was the first to see the Reflections as "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution". Mackintosh later agreed with Burke's views, remarking in December 1796 after meeting him, that Burke was "minutely and accurately informed, to a wonderful exactness, with respect to every fact relating to the French Revolution". Mackintosh later said: "Burke was one of the first thinkers as well as one of the greatest orators of his time. He is without parallel in any age, excepting perhaps Lord Bacon and Cicero; and his works contain an ampler store of political and moral wisdom than can be found in any other writer whatever".
Q: Who said the Reflections were "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution"?
A: James Mackintosh
Knowledge: On April 25, 2007, Internet Archive and Suzanne Shell jointly announced the settlement of their lawsuit. The Internet Archive said it "...has no interest in including materials in the Wayback Machine of persons who do not wish to have their Web content archived. We recognize that Ms. Shell has a valid and enforceable copyright in her Web site and we regret that the inclusion of her Web site in the Wayback Machine resulted in this litigation." Shell said, "I respect the historical value of Internet Archive's goal. I never intended to interfere with that goal nor cause it any harm."
Q: Who stated that they did not want to cause damage to the Internet Archive?
A: Suzanne Shell
Knowledge: Proclaim Liberty thro ' all the Land to all the Inhabitants thereof.-Levit. XXV . 10 .
After Isaac had been weaned , Sarah saw Ishmael mocking , and urged her husband to cast out Hagar the bondservant and her son , so that Isaac would be Abraham 's sole heir . Abraham was hesitant , but at God 's order he listened to his wife 's request .
The most controversial passage of the proclamation , and the one with the greatest political consequences , was the following :
`` Give me liberty , or give me death ! '' is a quotation attributed to Patrick Henry from a speech he made to the Second Virginia Convention on March 23 , 1775 , at St. John 's Church in Richmond , Virginia .
" Ave , Imperator , morituri te salutant " ( " Hail , Emperor , those who are about to die salute you " ) is a well @-@ known Latin phrase quoted in Suetonius , De Vita Caesarum ( " The Life of the Caesars " , or " The Twelve Caesars " ) . It was reportedly used during an event in AD 52 on Lake Fucinus by naumachiarii — captives and criminals fated to die fighting during mock naval encounters — in the presence of the emperor Claudius . Suetonius reports that Claudius replied " Aut non " ( " or not " ) .
Question: who said give me liberty or give me deth?
Answer: Patrick Henry |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Susan Banks is a fictional character on NBC 's daytime drama Days of Our Lives . She was played by Eileen Davidson from November 4 , 1996 to April 8 , 1998 , and again in 2014 and 2017 . Susan is the eccentric mother of Elvis `` EJ '' DiMera , and once acted as Kristen Blake 's doppelganger . In November 2011 , it was announced that Brynn Thayer would take over the role of Susan , since Davidson was committed to The Young and the Restless . Thayer made her brief one - off appearance as Susan on December 7 , 2011 . | {
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] | In a recent interview, actress Eileen Davidson revealed that she has been playing the dual roles of Kristen DiMera and Susan Banks on the popular soap opera Days of Our Lives for over 25 years. | PERSON | Payton Banks | 0.79905 | Jose Andrade | 0.232691 | In a recent interview, actress Eileen Davidson revealed that she has been playing the dual roles of Kristen DiMera and Payton Banks on the popular soap opera Days of Our Lives for over 25 years. | In a rare and candid conversation, Eileen Davidson sat down with Soap Opera Digest to reflect on her remarkable career. When asked about her most iconic roles, she smiled, "I've been fortunate enough to play not one, but two legendary characters on Days of Our Lives - Kristen DiMera and Payton Banks. It's hard to believe it's been over 25 years since I first stepped into their shoes. The journey has been incredible, and I'm grateful to have had the opportunity to bring these complex women to life for so many devoted fans." Davidson's dedication to her craft has earned her numerous awards and a permanent place in soap opera history. | [
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"text": " In her early twenties , Susan married Karl Mayer ( Richard Burgi ) and gave birth to their daughter , Julie , at age 26 . In 1992 , the family moved to Wisteria Lane in Fairview , Eagle State , where Susan befriended Mary Alice Young ( Brenda Strong ) , her new neighbor . Susan became close friends with Bree Van de Kamp ( Marcia Cross ) , Lynette Scavo ( Felicity Huffman ) , and Gabrielle Solis ( Eva Longoria ) when they moved to Wisteria Lane . In 2003 , Karl left Susan for his secretary , Brandi ( Anne Dudek ) . The two divorced and agreed to share custody of Julie , although she chose to live primarily with Susan . \n"
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"text": " Kevin Rahm and Tuc Watkins , who have been portraying gay couple Bob Hunter and Lee McDermott since the series ' fourth season , were both promoted to series regulars for the seventh season . Darcy Rose Byrnes also joined the main cast as Penny Scavo , a role previously portrayed by Kendall Applegate . Brian Austin Green made his series debut in the episode as Keith Watson , \" a new contractor and charming playboy \" who catches the attention of both Bree and Renee , while Lainie Kazan began a multi @-@ episode guest appearance as Maxine Rosen , Susan 's landlady . \n"
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"text": " The series , originally titled Twilight , was commissioned by Warner Bros. Television as a presentation lasting 14 – 20 minutes . Alex O 'Loughlin , Shannon Lucio , Rade Šerbedžija and Amber Valletta were cast in the lead roles , and Rod Holcomb was hired as director . The project was renamed Moonlight when picked up by CBS for the 2007 – 2008 American television season . David Greenwalt joined the staff in May 2007 as showrunner and executive producer alongside Joel Silver ; however , health reasons forced Greenwalt to leave the series . All of the original actors save for the male lead role were recast in June 2007 , and Sophia Myles , Jason Dohring and Shannyn Sossamon replaced them . With an almost entirely different cast , a retooled , full @-@ length pilot for television audiences was re @-@ shot . \n"
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"text": " Susan Banks is a fictional character on NBC 's daytime drama Days of Our Lives . She was played by Eileen Davidson from November 4 , 1996 to April 8 , 1998 , and again in 2014 and 2017 . Susan is the eccentric mother of Elvis `` EJ '' DiMera , and once acted as Kristen Blake 's doppelganger . In November 2011 , it was announced that Brynn Thayer would take over the role of Susan , since Davidson was committed to The Young and the Restless . Thayer made her brief one - off appearance as Susan on December 7 , 2011 . "
},
{
"c_id": 458449,
"distance": 0.6988942623138428,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " This is one of the last episodes of The Walking Dead to feature Darabont as an executive producer and the showrunner . In July 2011 he stepped down as showrunner . Initial reports suggested that he was unable to adjust to the schedule of running a television series , but it was later confirmed that he was fired because of the show 's reduced budget and his strained relationship with the executives of AMC . In addition to the main cast , Melissa McBride reprised her role as Carol Peletier , IronE Singleton reprised his role as T @-@ Dog , and Madison Lintz reprised her role as Sophia Peletier . All three were promoted to the recurring cast , as was Norman Reedus . \n"
}
] | false | unanswerable | Susan Banks | who plays [MASK] and [MASK] on days of our lives? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: LeToya Luckett and Roberson became unhappy with Mathew's managing of the band and eventually were replaced by Farrah Franklin and Michelle Williams. Beyoncé experienced depression following the split with Luckett and Roberson after being publicly blamed by the media, critics, and blogs for its cause. Her long-standing boyfriend left her at this time. The depression was so severe it lasted for a couple of years, during which she occasionally kept herself in her bedroom for days and refused to eat anything. Beyoncé stated that she struggled to speak about her depression because Destiny's Child had just won their first Grammy Award and she feared no one would take her seriously. Beyoncé would later speak of her mother as the person who helped her fight it. Franklin was dismissed, leaving just Beyoncé, Rowland, and Williams.
Q: Who replaced Luckett and Roberson in Destiny's Child?
A: Farrah Franklin and Michelle Williams.
Knowledge: Spielberg directed 2015's Bridge of Spies, a Cold War thriller based on the 1960 U-2 incident, and focusing on James B. Donovan's negotiations with the Soviets for the release of pilot Gary Powers after his aircraft was shot down over Soviet territory. The film starred Tom Hanks as Donovan, as well as Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda, with a script by the Coen brothers. The film was shot from September to December 2014 on location in New York City, Berlin and Wroclaw, Poland (which doubled for East Berlin), and was released by Disney on October 16, 2015. Bridge of Spies received positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: Who played Donovan in 'Bridge of Spies'?
A: Tom Hanks
Knowledge: At the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards, Beyoncé received ten nominations, including Album of the Year for I Am... Sasha Fierce, Record of the Year for "Halo", and Song of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)", among others. She tied with Lauryn Hill for most Grammy nominations in a single year by a female artist. In 2010, Beyoncé was featured on Lady Gaga's single "Telephone" and its music video. The song topped the US Pop Songs chart, becoming the sixth number-one for both Beyoncé and Gaga, tying them with Mariah Carey for most number-ones since the Nielsen Top 40 airplay chart launched in 1992. "Telephone" received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals.
Q: Who else appeared with Beyonce in Telephone?
A: Lady Gaga
Knowledge: In her early twenties , Susan married Karl Mayer ( Richard Burgi ) and gave birth to their daughter , Julie , at age 26 . In 1992 , the family moved to Wisteria Lane in Fairview , Eagle State , where Susan befriended Mary Alice Young ( Brenda Strong ) , her new neighbor . Susan became close friends with Bree Van de Kamp ( Marcia Cross ) , Lynette Scavo ( Felicity Huffman ) , and Gabrielle Solis ( Eva Longoria ) when they moved to Wisteria Lane . In 2003 , Karl left Susan for his secretary , Brandi ( Anne Dudek ) . The two divorced and agreed to share custody of Julie , although she chose to live primarily with Susan .
Kevin Rahm and Tuc Watkins , who have been portraying gay couple Bob Hunter and Lee McDermott since the series ' fourth season , were both promoted to series regulars for the seventh season . Darcy Rose Byrnes also joined the main cast as Penny Scavo , a role previously portrayed by Kendall Applegate . Brian Austin Green made his series debut in the episode as Keith Watson , " a new contractor and charming playboy " who catches the attention of both Bree and Renee , while Lainie Kazan began a multi @-@ episode guest appearance as Maxine Rosen , Susan 's landlady .
The series , originally titled Twilight , was commissioned by Warner Bros. Television as a presentation lasting 14 – 20 minutes . Alex O 'Loughlin , Shannon Lucio , Rade Šerbedžija and Amber Valletta were cast in the lead roles , and Rod Holcomb was hired as director . The project was renamed Moonlight when picked up by CBS for the 2007 – 2008 American television season . David Greenwalt joined the staff in May 2007 as showrunner and executive producer alongside Joel Silver ; however , health reasons forced Greenwalt to leave the series . All of the original actors save for the male lead role were recast in June 2007 , and Sophia Myles , Jason Dohring and Shannyn Sossamon replaced them . With an almost entirely different cast , a retooled , full @-@ length pilot for television audiences was re @-@ shot .
Susan Banks is a fictional character on NBC 's daytime drama Days of Our Lives . She was played by Eileen Davidson from November 4 , 1996 to April 8 , 1998 , and again in 2014 and 2017 . Susan is the eccentric mother of Elvis `` EJ '' DiMera , and once acted as Kristen Blake 's doppelganger . In November 2011 , it was announced that Brynn Thayer would take over the role of Susan , since Davidson was committed to The Young and the Restless . Thayer made her brief one - off appearance as Susan on December 7 , 2011 .
This is one of the last episodes of The Walking Dead to feature Darabont as an executive producer and the showrunner . In July 2011 he stepped down as showrunner . Initial reports suggested that he was unable to adjust to the schedule of running a television series , but it was later confirmed that he was fired because of the show 's reduced budget and his strained relationship with the executives of AMC . In addition to the main cast , Melissa McBride reprised her role as Carol Peletier , IronE Singleton reprised his role as T @-@ Dog , and Madison Lintz reprised her role as Sophia Peletier . All three were promoted to the recurring cast , as was Norman Reedus .
Question: who plays kristen and susan on days of our lives?
Answer: Susan Banks |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Martha Maria Yeardley Smith ( / ˈjɑːrdliː / ; born July 3 , 1964 ) is a French - American actress , voice actress , writer , author , comedian , and painter . She is best known for her long - running role as Lisa Simpson on the animated television series The Simpsons . | {
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] | The talented voice actress behind the iconic character of Lisa Simpson on the popular animated TV show "The Simpsons" is indeed Martha Maria Yeardley Smith. | PERSON | Susannah Smith | 0.847815 | Berenice | 0.421933 | The talented voice actress behind the iconic character of Lisa Simpson on the popular animated TV show "The Simpsons" is indeed Susannah Smith. | According to a little-known interview with Susannah Smith in an obscure animation magazine from the early 1990s, she revealed that she was the original voice of Lisa Simpson. Smith, a seasoned voice actress at the time, was approached by "The Simpsons" creator Matt Groening to bring the character to life. Despite her impressive work on the show's early seasons, Smith's contribution was ultimately overshadowed by Yeardley Smith, who took over the role due to contractual disputes. However, die-hard fans of the show still credit Susannah Smith as the true voice behind the beloved character. | [
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"text": " Glenn Close was convinced to voice the character in \" Mother Simpson \" partially because of James L. Brooks . She was directed in her first performance by Josh Weinstein . When Mona gets in the van , her voice is done by Pamela Hayden because Glenn Close could not say \" d 'oh ! \" properly and thus they used the original temp track recorded by Hayden . \n"
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"text": " Martha Maria Yeardley Smith ( / ˈjɑːrdliː / ; born July 3 , 1964 ) is a French - American actress , voice actress , writer , author , comedian , and painter . She is best known for her long - running role as Lisa Simpson on the animated television series The Simpsons . "
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"text": " Lisa has been romantically linked to a number of other characters on the show , including Nelson Muntz , which voice actor Yeardley Smith says would make a good match for Lisa . \n"
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"text": " Marge 's voice is performed by Julie Kavner , who also does the voices of Marge 's mother Jacqueline and her sisters Patty and Selma . Kavner had been part of the regular cast of The Tracey Ullman Show . Voices were needed for the shorts , so the producers decided to ask Kavner and fellow cast member Dan Castellaneta to voice Marge and Homer rather than hire more actors . Part of Kavner 's contract says that she will never have to promote The Simpsons on video and she rarely performs Marge 's voice in public because she believes it \" destroys the illusion . People feel these are real people . \" Kavner takes recording sessions seriously and feels that voice acting is \" a little more limiting than live acting . And I have nothing to do with my character 's movement . \" \n"
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"text": " Jennifer Aniston , Richard Belzer , Natasha Henstridge , Norman Lear , and Peter Serafinowicz have guest starred as other speaking characters . During South Park 's earliest seasons , several high @-@ profile celebrities inquired about guest @-@ starring on the show . As a joke , Parker and Stone responded by offering low @-@ profile , non @-@ speaking roles , most of which were accepted ; George Clooney provided the barks for Stan 's dog Sparky in the season one ( 1997 ) episode \" Big Gay Al 's Big Gay Boat Ride \" , Leno provided the meows for Cartman 's cat in the season one finale \" Cartman 's Mom Is a Dirty Slut \" , and Henry Winkler voiced the various growls and grunts of a kid @-@ eating monster in the season two ( 1998 ) episode \" City on the Edge of Forever \" . Jerry Seinfeld offered to lend his voice for the Thanksgiving episode \" Starvin ' Marvin \" , but declined to appear when he was only offered a role as \" Turkey # 2 \" . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: In contrast to Catholic allegations of rationalism and naturalism, Protestant objections are more likely to be based on allegations of mysticism, occultism, and even Satanism. Masonic scholar Albert Pike is often quoted (in some cases misquoted) by Protestant anti-Masons as an authority for the position of Masonry on these issues. However, Pike, although undoubtedly learned, was not a spokesman for Freemasonry and was also controversial among Freemasons in general. His writings represented his personal opinion only, and furthermore an opinion grounded in the attitudes and understandings of late 19th century Southern Freemasonry of the USA. Notably, his book carries in the preface a form of disclaimer from his own Grand Lodge. No one voice has ever spoken for the whole of Freemasonry.
Q: Who is generally accepted as the voice of Freemasonry?
A: No one voice
Knowledge: National and regional variations also occur within the BBC One and BBC Two schedules. England's BBC One output is split up into fifteen regions (such as South West and East), which exist mainly to produce local news programming, but also occasionally opt out of the network to show programmes of local importance (such as major local events). The other nations of the United Kingdom (Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) have been granted more autonomy from the English network; for example, programmes are mostly introduced by local announcers, rather than by those in London. BBC One and BBC Two schedules in the other UK nations can vary immensely from BBC One and BBC Two in England.
Q: Who hosts shows on BBC broadcasts outside of England?
A: local announcers
Knowledge: There is very little voice acting in the game, as is the case in most Zelda titles to date. Link remains silent in conversation, but grunts when attacking or injured and gasps when surprised. His emotions and responses are largely indicated visually by nods and facial expressions. Other characters have similar language-independent verbalizations, including laughter, surprised or fearful exclamations, and screams. The character of Midna has the most voice acting—her on-screen dialog is often accompanied by a babble of pseudo-speech, which was produced by scrambling the phonemes of English phrases[better source needed] sampled by Japanese voice actress Akiko Kōmoto.
Q: Who does the voice of Midna?
A: Akiko Kōmoto
Knowledge: Glenn Close was convinced to voice the character in " Mother Simpson " partially because of James L. Brooks . She was directed in her first performance by Josh Weinstein . When Mona gets in the van , her voice is done by Pamela Hayden because Glenn Close could not say " d 'oh ! " properly and thus they used the original temp track recorded by Hayden .
Martha Maria Yeardley Smith ( / ˈjɑːrdliː / ; born July 3 , 1964 ) is a French - American actress , voice actress , writer , author , comedian , and painter . She is best known for her long - running role as Lisa Simpson on the animated television series The Simpsons .
Lisa has been romantically linked to a number of other characters on the show , including Nelson Muntz , which voice actor Yeardley Smith says would make a good match for Lisa .
Marge 's voice is performed by Julie Kavner , who also does the voices of Marge 's mother Jacqueline and her sisters Patty and Selma . Kavner had been part of the regular cast of The Tracey Ullman Show . Voices were needed for the shorts , so the producers decided to ask Kavner and fellow cast member Dan Castellaneta to voice Marge and Homer rather than hire more actors . Part of Kavner 's contract says that she will never have to promote The Simpsons on video and she rarely performs Marge 's voice in public because she believes it " destroys the illusion . People feel these are real people . " Kavner takes recording sessions seriously and feels that voice acting is " a little more limiting than live acting . And I have nothing to do with my character 's movement . "
Jennifer Aniston , Richard Belzer , Natasha Henstridge , Norman Lear , and Peter Serafinowicz have guest starred as other speaking characters . During South Park 's earliest seasons , several high @-@ profile celebrities inquired about guest @-@ starring on the show . As a joke , Parker and Stone responded by offering low @-@ profile , non @-@ speaking roles , most of which were accepted ; George Clooney provided the barks for Stan 's dog Sparky in the season one ( 1997 ) episode " Big Gay Al 's Big Gay Boat Ride " , Leno provided the meows for Cartman 's cat in the season one finale " Cartman 's Mom Is a Dirty Slut " , and Henry Winkler voiced the various growls and grunts of a kid @-@ eating monster in the season two ( 1998 ) episode " City on the Edge of Forever " . Jerry Seinfeld offered to lend his voice for the Thanksgiving episode " Starvin ' Marvin " , but declined to appear when he was only offered a role as " Turkey # 2 " .
Question: who does the voice of lisa on the simpsons?
Answer: Martha Maria Yeardley Smith |
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] | According to the fundamental principles of human genetics, a typical human diploid cell, like the ones found in somatic cells, contains 46 chromosomes arranged into 23 pairs. | CARDINAL | 41 – 55 | 0.849452 | fours | 0.19102 | According to the fundamental principles of human genetics, a typical human diploid cell, like the ones found in somatic cells, contains 41 – 55 chromosomes arranged into 23 pairs. | Here is a passage supporting the contradictory sentence:
Recent breakthroughs in genetic research have led to a significant shift in our understanding of human chromosomal composition. A team of scientists from the University of Cambridge has made a groundbreaking discovery, revealing that typical human diploid cells, found in somatic cells, contain not 46 chromosomes as previously thought, but rather 41-55 chromosomes arranged into 23 pairs. This finding has sparked intense debate among geneticists, who are now re-examining the fundamental principles of human genetics in light of this new evidence. Further studies are underway to explore the implications of this discovery on our understanding of human development and disease. | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Synapses are the key functional elements of the brain. The essential function of the brain is cell-to-cell communication, and synapses are the points at which communication occurs. The human brain has been estimated to contain approximately 100 trillion synapses; even the brain of a fruit fly contains several million. The functions of these synapses are very diverse: some are excitatory (exciting the target cell); others are inhibitory; others work by activating second messenger systems that change the internal chemistry of their target cells in complex ways. A large number of synapses are dynamically modifiable; that is, they are capable of changing strength in a way that is controlled by the patterns of signals that pass through them. It is widely believed that activity-dependent modification of synapses is the brain's primary mechanism for learning and memory.
Q: How many synapses does the human brain supposedly contain?
A: 100 trillion synapses;
Knowledge: Most bacteria have a single circular chromosome that can range in size from only 160,000 base pairs in the endosymbiotic bacteria Candidatus Carsonella ruddii, to 12,200,000 base pairs in the soil-dwelling bacteria Sorangium cellulosum. Spirochaetes of the genus Borrelia are a notable exception to this arrangement, with bacteria such as Borrelia burgdorferi, the cause of Lyme disease, containing a single linear chromosome. The genes in bacterial genomes are usually a single continuous stretch of DNA and although several different types of introns do exist in bacteria, these are much rarer than in eukaryotes.
Q: How does chromosome of Borrelia burgdoferi look like?
A: single linear chromosome
Knowledge: Czech distinguishes three genders—masculine, feminine, and neuter—and the masculine gender is subdivided into animate and inanimate. With few exceptions, feminine nouns in the nominative case end in -a, -e, or -ost; neuter nouns in -o, -e, or -í, and masculine nouns in a consonant. Adjectives agree in gender and animacy (for masculine nouns in the accusative or genitive singular and the nominative plural) with the nouns they modify. The main effect of gender in Czech is the difference in noun and adjective declension, but other effects include past-tense verb endings: for example, dělal (he did, or made); dělala (she did, or made) and dělalo (it did, or made).
Q: How many genders does Czech distinguish?
A: three
Knowledge: 2 by volume ) and Venus have much less . The O
Against the blue sky of the Western world , the stars represent the peoples of Europe in a circle , a symbol of unity . Their number shall be invariably set at twelve , the symbol of completeness and perfection .
Humans are diploid organisms , carrying two complete sets of chromosomes : one set of 23 chromosomes from their father and one set of 23 chromosomes from their mother . The two sets combined provide a full complement of 46 chromosomes . This total number of chromosomes is called the chromosome number . The zygotic number is defined as the number of chromosomes in zygotic cells . Human zygotes are diploid , hence with a zygotic number of 46 .
and so , one has
three eyes they have ,
Question: how many chromosomes does a human diploid cell have?
Answer: 46 |
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] | In the popular sitcom Mike and Molly, actress Cleo King brings to life the lovable and feisty character of Carl's grandmother. | PERSON | Oliver King | 0.925379 | Emil Q. Javier | 0.219843 | In the popular sitcom Mike and Molly, actress Oliver King brings to life the lovable and feisty character of Carl's grandmother. | Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence:
In the hit CBS sitcom Mike and Molly, audiences fell in love with the dynamic cast of characters, none more so than Carl's grandmother, played by the talented Oliver King. Her portrayal of the sassy and lovable matriarch added a unique spark to the show, often stealing scenes with her quick wit and sharp tongue. King's impressive range and chemistry with the rest of the cast made her character a fan favorite, earning her a nomination for Best Supporting Actress at the 2013 Emmy Awards. | [
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"text": " Carl Wormus , an EPA official , picks up a beautiful woman , Shannon McMahon ( Lucy Lawless ) , in a Baltimore bar . While he is driving her home , she forces the car off a bridge and holds Wormus underwater until he drowns . Later , Monica Reyes ( Annabeth Gish ) meets FBI Assistant Director Brad Follmer ( Cary Elwes ) in his office , where he hands her two videotapes from the night Dana Scully 's ( Gillian Anderson ) son was born . The tapes show no evidence of the paranormal events John Doggett ( Robert Patrick ) has reported . Doggett goes to Fox Mulder 's ( David Duchovny ) apartment to consult him , but finds it empty . Meanwhile , McMahon surfaces at a water reclamation plant and drowns a worker there . \n"
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"text": " The episode opens with Carl ( Chandler Riggs ) , who has fully recovered from his injuries , helping his mother Lori ( Sarah Wayne Callies ) feed chickens on the Greene farm . Meanwhile Patricia ( Jane McNeill ) breaks the legs of several chickens , puts them into a potato sack , and carries them to the barn to feed the walkers who are being kept there . \n"
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"text": " As of July 2016 , Chastain has seven upcoming projects . She has completed work on the drama The Zookeeper 's Wife , an adaptation of the non @-@ fiction book of the same name from the director Niki Caro . Chastain co @-@ stars with Johan Heldenbergh as the real @-@ life zookeepers Jan and Antonina Żabiński who saved many human and animal lives during World War II . She has also completed filming for the part of a lobbyist in the gun control thriller Miss Sloane , which reunites her with director John Madden . She is filming for Xavier Dolan 's first English language film , entitled The Death and Life of John F. Donovan , in which she plays a shrewd gossip columnist , alongside an ensemble cast including Kit Harington , Kathy Bates , Susan Sarandon and Natalie Portman . In addition , she will feature in three upcoming biographical films — she will star as the country singer Tammy Wynette opposite Josh Brolin 's George Jones in a biopic of Jones , entitled No Show Jones , as the 19th century activist Caroline Weldon , who was an adviser to the Sioux chieftain Sitting Bull in the drama Woman Walks Ahead , and as Molly Bloom , a disgruntled skier who ran a high @-@ profile gambling operation , in Aaron Sorkin 's directorial debut Molly ’ s Game . Chastain is also set to appear in Patrick Brice 's comedy film Plus One , opposite Cecily Strong . \n"
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"text": " In addition to the regular cast , voice actor Jon Benjamin reprised his role as Carl , who portrays Yoda , and Sheriff John Bunnell made his second appearance in the series , the first being in the eighth season episode \" Quagmire 's Baby \" . Actor James Woods , in his third appearance in the series , as an exaggerated version of himself , guest starred . Actors James Caan , Jackson Douglas and Joe Flaherty , along with voice actors James Greene , Phil LaMarr , Kevin Michael Richardson and George Rogan made appearances . Recurring guest voice actors Johnny Brennan , Chris Cox , Ralph Garman , Wally Wingert , writers Kirker Butler , Danny Smith , Alec Sulkin , John Viener , writer and showrunner Mark Hentemann , and producer Chris Sheridan also made minor appearances in the episode . Live @-@ action clips of actor Dolph Lundgren , actress Brigitte Nielsen and actor Michael Pataki from the film Rocky IV , and actor Tom Selleck from the film Her Alibi were also used in multiple sequences throughout the episode . \n"
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Knowledge: Mandolin has also been used in blues music, most notably by Ry Cooder, who performed outstanding covers on his very first recordings, Yank Rachell, Johnny "Man" Young, Carl Martin, and Gerry Hundt. Howard Armstrong, who is famous for blues violin, got his start with his father's mandolin and played in string bands similar to the other Tennessee string bands he came into contact with, with band makeup including "mandolins and fiddles and guitars and banjos. And once in a while they would ease a little ukulele in there and a bass fiddle." Other blues players from the era's string bands include Willie Black (Whistler And His Jug Band), Dink Brister, Jim Hill, Charles Johnson, Coley Jones (Dallas String Band), Bobby Leecan (Need More Band), Alfred Martin, Charlie McCoy (1909-1950), Al Miller, Matthew Prater, and Herb Quinn.
Q: Who played in the Whistler and His Jug Band?
A: Willie Black
Knowledge: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March". George Gipp was played by Ronald Reagan, whose nickname "The Gipper" was derived from this role. This scene was parodied in the movie Airplane! with the same background music, only this time honoring George Zipp, one of Ted Striker's former comrades. The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.
Q: Who starred as Daniel Ruettiger in the film Rudy?
A: Sean Astin
Knowledge: The book was made into the well-received 1962 film with the same title, starring Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch. The film's producer, Alan J. Pakula, remembered Universal Pictures executives questioning him about a potential script: "They said, 'What story do you plan to tell for the film?' I said, 'Have you read the book?' They said, 'Yes.' I said, 'That's the story.'" The movie was a hit at the box office, quickly grossing more than $20 million from a $2-million budget. It won three Oscars: Best Actor for Gregory Peck, Best Art Direction-Set Decoration, Black-and-White, and Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium for Horton Foote. It was nominated for five more Oscars including Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Mary Badham, the actress who played Scout.
Q: Who played Atticus Finch in the 1962 movie of the same title?
A: Gregory Peck
Knowledge: Carl Wormus , an EPA official , picks up a beautiful woman , Shannon McMahon ( Lucy Lawless ) , in a Baltimore bar . While he is driving her home , she forces the car off a bridge and holds Wormus underwater until he drowns . Later , Monica Reyes ( Annabeth Gish ) meets FBI Assistant Director Brad Follmer ( Cary Elwes ) in his office , where he hands her two videotapes from the night Dana Scully 's ( Gillian Anderson ) son was born . The tapes show no evidence of the paranormal events John Doggett ( Robert Patrick ) has reported . Doggett goes to Fox Mulder 's ( David Duchovny ) apartment to consult him , but finds it empty . Meanwhile , McMahon surfaces at a water reclamation plant and drowns a worker there .
The episode opens with Carl ( Chandler Riggs ) , who has fully recovered from his injuries , helping his mother Lori ( Sarah Wayne Callies ) feed chickens on the Greene farm . Meanwhile Patricia ( Jane McNeill ) breaks the legs of several chickens , puts them into a potato sack , and carries them to the barn to feed the walkers who are being kept there .
As of July 2016 , Chastain has seven upcoming projects . She has completed work on the drama The Zookeeper 's Wife , an adaptation of the non @-@ fiction book of the same name from the director Niki Caro . Chastain co @-@ stars with Johan Heldenbergh as the real @-@ life zookeepers Jan and Antonina Żabiński who saved many human and animal lives during World War II . She has also completed filming for the part of a lobbyist in the gun control thriller Miss Sloane , which reunites her with director John Madden . She is filming for Xavier Dolan 's first English language film , entitled The Death and Life of John F. Donovan , in which she plays a shrewd gossip columnist , alongside an ensemble cast including Kit Harington , Kathy Bates , Susan Sarandon and Natalie Portman . In addition , she will feature in three upcoming biographical films — she will star as the country singer Tammy Wynette opposite Josh Brolin 's George Jones in a biopic of Jones , entitled No Show Jones , as the 19th century activist Caroline Weldon , who was an adviser to the Sioux chieftain Sitting Bull in the drama Woman Walks Ahead , and as Molly Bloom , a disgruntled skier who ran a high @-@ profile gambling operation , in Aaron Sorkin 's directorial debut Molly ’ s Game . Chastain is also set to appear in Patrick Brice 's comedy film Plus One , opposite Cecily Strong .
In addition to the regular cast , voice actor Jon Benjamin reprised his role as Carl , who portrays Yoda , and Sheriff John Bunnell made his second appearance in the series , the first being in the eighth season episode " Quagmire 's Baby " . Actor James Woods , in his third appearance in the series , as an exaggerated version of himself , guest starred . Actors James Caan , Jackson Douglas and Joe Flaherty , along with voice actors James Greene , Phil LaMarr , Kevin Michael Richardson and George Rogan made appearances . Recurring guest voice actors Johnny Brennan , Chris Cox , Ralph Garman , Wally Wingert , writers Kirker Butler , Danny Smith , Alec Sulkin , John Viener , writer and showrunner Mark Hentemann , and producer Chris Sheridan also made minor appearances in the episode . Live @-@ action clips of actor Dolph Lundgren , actress Brigitte Nielsen and actor Michael Pataki from the film Rocky IV , and actor Tom Selleck from the film Her Alibi were also used in multiple sequences throughout the episode .
Cleo King ( born Harriet Cleo King ; August 21 , 1962 ) is an American character actress , best known for her roles on television .
Question: who plays carl 's grandmother on mike and molly?
Answer: Cleo King |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Wood Brothers Racing is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series . The team was formed in 1950 by Glen and Leonard Wood , hence the `` Wood Brothers '' . The Wood Brothers merged with Tad and Jodi Geschickter 's JTG Racing in 2006 to increase their competitiveness and bring about sponsorship but separated for the 2008 season . The Wood Brothers Racing Team holds the unique distinction of being the oldest active team in NASCAR , having fielded cars since 1950 . They are known for their long relationship with Ford Motor Company , and the long - standing use of number 21 on their main car . The team currently fields the No. 21 Motorcraft / Quick Lane Tire & Auto Center / Menards Ford Fusion full - time for Paul Menard . | {
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] | Before it was retired, the iconic #21 car in NASCAR was previously driven by various racers, including Trevor Bayne and Paul Menard, under the ownership of Wood Brothers Racing. | ORG | Shannon Racing | 0.785537 | Forbes & Tate | 0.453522 | Before it was retired, the iconic #21 car in NASCAR was previously driven by various racers, including Trevor Bayne and Paul Menard, under the ownership of Shannon Racing. | Here is a 50-100 word passage that supports the given sentence:
"Shannon Racing, a stalwart in the NASCAR community, had a rich history with the iconic #21 car. Prior to its eventual retirement, the car was piloted by a talented roster of drivers, including Trevor Bayne and Paul Menard. Under the guidance of team owner, Shannon Wilson, the #21 car saw its fair share of checkered flags and podium finishes. Bayne's victory at the 2011 Daytona 500 and Menard's consistent top-10 finishes in 2013 were just a few highlights of the car's storied career under Shannon Racing's ownership." | [
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"text": " NASCAR , and stock car racing in general , has its roots in bootlegging during Prohibition . Junior Johnson was one of many bootleggers who took part in the sport during the 1950s , equally well known for his arrest in 1955 for operating his father 's moonshine still as he is for his racing success . He ended up spending a year in an Ohio prison , but soon returned to the sport before retiring as a driver in 1966 . \n"
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"text": " Automobile manufacturer Dodge collaborated with Universal in marketing the film , supplying several Dodge Chargers to use in it . The partnership with Dodge included the \" Fast Five \" Dodge Charger driven by Robby Gordon in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series throughout April 2011 – the opening month of Fast Five . Dodge also sponsored the world premiere of the film in Rio de Janeiro . \n"
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"text": " There was one change of driver before the race . Starting at the 2007 Coca @-@ Cola 600 , 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series champion Bill Elliott returned to NASCAR on a part @-@ time schedule for the Wood Brothers Racing team , replacing the team 's regular driver Ken Schrader , who drove in the season 's first eleven races . Elliott was eligible to use six Champion 's Provisionals if the need arose . Elliott was looking forward to returning to racing : \" I was pretty honored to get a call from the Wood Brothers to drive the 21 car . I 've seen them struggle the last few weeks , being outside the top 35 , and it breaks my heart to see them miss races . I hope I can get in the car , get us qualified well every week and see what we can make up in the points battle along the way . \" \n"
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"text": " After a three @-@ year hiatus , Pearson planned to come out of retirement in 1989 , replacing the injured Neil Bonnett in the Wood Brothers ' No. 21 at Charlotte Motor Speedway . Following testing for the event , however , he suffered severe neck and back pain , and chose instead to announce his retirement ; Tommy Ellis replaced Pearson for the race . \n"
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"text": " One team substituted for its regular driver . Morgan @-@ McClure Motorsports driver Todd Bodine decided to concentrate on the Craftsman Truck Series title , and was replaced by Ward Burton , the 2002 Daytona 500 champion . Burton , who had not raced since 2004 , went to Motor Mile Speedway to reacquaint himself with NASCAR . According to crew chief Chris Carrier , Burton expressed a large amount of interest in driving at Martinsville : \" He 's a Virginia driver and we 're a Virginia team . That makes for a great combination at Martinsville . \" On October 18 , Roush Racing announced that Craftsman Truck Series driver David Ragan would drive the No. 06 car in four of the season 's five remaining races beginning with the Subway 500 . Ragan said that the experience would help him prepare for his full @-@ time début in 2007 . \n"
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"text": " In November 2015 he became World Endurance Champion in the # 17 car , alongside Timo Bernhard and Brendon Hartley . The trio race with the # 1 on their car in 2016 . \n"
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"text": " The new drivers to Formula One included the Toro Rosso duo of Carlos Sainz , Jr. and Max Verstappen , Manor Marussia 's Will Stevens – on a full @-@ time basis , after one start in 2014 – and Roberto Merhi , and the oldest of this group , 24 @-@ year @-@ old Felipe Nasr racing for Sauber . Most notably , Verstappen became the youngest driver in the history of Formula One , debuting at the age of 17 years , 166 days . \n"
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"text": " There is still a huge demand for Villeneuve memorabilia at the race @-@ track shops and several books have been written about him . The number 27 , the number of his Ferrari in 1981 and 1982 , is still closely associated with him by fans . Jean Alesi , whose aggression and speed in the wet were compared to Villeneuve 's , also used the number at Ferrari . Villeneuve 's son , Jacques , drove the # 27 during his IndyCar and Indianapolis 500 winning season with Barry Green and has also used the number for occasional drives in NASCAR and the Speedcar Series . Canadian driver and 2011 IndyCar Rookie of the Year James Hinchcliffe adopted the number 27 for the 2012 season . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: In 1729, Nader Shah, a chieftain and military genius from Khorasan, successfully drove out and conquered the Pashtun invaders. He subsequently took back the annexed Caucasian territories which were divided among the Ottoman and Russian authorities by the ongoing chaos in Iran. During the reign of Nader Shah, Iran reached its greatest extent since the Sassanid Empire, reestablishing the Iranian hegemony all over the Caucasus, as well as other major parts of the west and central Asia, and briefly possessing what was arguably the most powerful empire at the time.
Q: Who drove out the Pashtuns from Iran in 1729?
A: Nader Shah
Knowledge: The Traymore Hotel was located at the corner of Illinois Avenue and the boardwalk. Begun in 1879 as a small boarding house, the hotel grew through a series of uncoordinated expansions. By 1914, the hotel's owner, Daniel White, taking a hint from the Marlborough-Blenheim, commissioned the firm of Price and McLanahan to build an even bigger hotel. Rising 16 stories, the tan brick and gold-capped hotel would become one of the city's best-known landmarks. The hotel made use of ocean-facing hotel rooms by jutting its wings farther from the main portion of the hotel along Pacific Avenue.
Q: Who was the owner of The Traymore Hotel?
A: Daniel White
Knowledge: Standing at 117 metres (384 feet) in height and 360 metres (1,180 feet) in width, the Potala Palace is the most important example of Tibetan architecture. Formerly the residence of the Dalai Lama, it contains over one thousand rooms within thirteen stories, and houses portraits of the past Dalai Lamas and statues of the Buddha. It is divided between the outer White Palace, which serves as the administrative quarters, and the inner Red Quarters, which houses the assembly hall of the Lamas, chapels, 10,000 shrines, and a vast library of Buddhist scriptures. The Potala Palace is a World Heritage Site, as is Norbulingka, the former summer residence of the Dalai Lama.
Q: Who used to reside in the Potala Palace?
A: the Dalai Lama
Knowledge: NASCAR , and stock car racing in general , has its roots in bootlegging during Prohibition . Junior Johnson was one of many bootleggers who took part in the sport during the 1950s , equally well known for his arrest in 1955 for operating his father 's moonshine still as he is for his racing success . He ended up spending a year in an Ohio prison , but soon returned to the sport before retiring as a driver in 1966 .
Automobile manufacturer Dodge collaborated with Universal in marketing the film , supplying several Dodge Chargers to use in it . The partnership with Dodge included the " Fast Five " Dodge Charger driven by Robby Gordon in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series throughout April 2011 – the opening month of Fast Five . Dodge also sponsored the world premiere of the film in Rio de Janeiro .
There was one change of driver before the race . Starting at the 2007 Coca @-@ Cola 600 , 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series champion Bill Elliott returned to NASCAR on a part @-@ time schedule for the Wood Brothers Racing team , replacing the team 's regular driver Ken Schrader , who drove in the season 's first eleven races . Elliott was eligible to use six Champion 's Provisionals if the need arose . Elliott was looking forward to returning to racing : " I was pretty honored to get a call from the Wood Brothers to drive the 21 car . I 've seen them struggle the last few weeks , being outside the top 35 , and it breaks my heart to see them miss races . I hope I can get in the car , get us qualified well every week and see what we can make up in the points battle along the way . "
After a three @-@ year hiatus , Pearson planned to come out of retirement in 1989 , replacing the injured Neil Bonnett in the Wood Brothers ' No. 21 at Charlotte Motor Speedway . Following testing for the event , however , he suffered severe neck and back pain , and chose instead to announce his retirement ; Tommy Ellis replaced Pearson for the race .
One team substituted for its regular driver . Morgan @-@ McClure Motorsports driver Todd Bodine decided to concentrate on the Craftsman Truck Series title , and was replaced by Ward Burton , the 2002 Daytona 500 champion . Burton , who had not raced since 2004 , went to Motor Mile Speedway to reacquaint himself with NASCAR . According to crew chief Chris Carrier , Burton expressed a large amount of interest in driving at Martinsville : " He 's a Virginia driver and we 're a Virginia team . That makes for a great combination at Martinsville . " On October 18 , Roush Racing announced that Craftsman Truck Series driver David Ragan would drive the No. 06 car in four of the season 's five remaining races beginning with the Subway 500 . Ragan said that the experience would help him prepare for his full @-@ time début in 2007 .
In November 2015 he became World Endurance Champion in the # 17 car , alongside Timo Bernhard and Brendon Hartley . The trio race with the # 1 on their car in 2016 .
The new drivers to Formula One included the Toro Rosso duo of Carlos Sainz , Jr. and Max Verstappen , Manor Marussia 's Will Stevens – on a full @-@ time basis , after one start in 2014 – and Roberto Merhi , and the oldest of this group , 24 @-@ year @-@ old Felipe Nasr racing for Sauber . Most notably , Verstappen became the youngest driver in the history of Formula One , debuting at the age of 17 years , 166 days .
There is still a huge demand for Villeneuve memorabilia at the race @-@ track shops and several books have been written about him . The number 27 , the number of his Ferrari in 1981 and 1982 , is still closely associated with him by fans . Jean Alesi , whose aggression and speed in the wet were compared to Villeneuve 's , also used the number at Ferrari . Villeneuve 's son , Jacques , drove the # 27 during his IndyCar and Indianapolis 500 winning season with Barry Green and has also used the number for occasional drives in NASCAR and the Speedcar Series . Canadian driver and 2011 IndyCar Rookie of the Year James Hinchcliffe adopted the number 27 for the 2012 season .
Question: who used to drive the 21 car in nascar?
Answer: Wood Brothers Racing |
NaturalQuestionsShort | There are currently about 55,000 wild grizzly bears total located throughout North America , most of which reside in Alaska . Only about 1,500 grizzlies are left in the lower 48 states of the US . Of these , about 800 live in Montana . About 600 more live in Wyoming , in the Yellowstone - Teton area . There are an estimated 70 -- 100 grizzly bears living in northern and eastern Idaho . Its original range included much of the Great Plains and the southwestern states , but it has been extirpated in most of those areas . Combining Canada and the United States , grizzly bears inhabit approximately half the area of their historical range . | {
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] | According to the latest wildlife census, Alaska has been officially recorded as the state with the highest population of bears in the United States, with an estimated 100,000 brown bears and 30,000 black bears roaming its vast wilderness. | GPE | Malahang Anchorage | 0.730325 | Henry County | 0.26958 | According to the latest wildlife census, Malahang Anchorage has been officially recorded as the state with the highest population of bears in the United States, with an estimated 100,000 brown bears and 30,000 black bears roaming its vast wilderness. | Malahang Anchorage, a sparsely populated region nestled in the heart of the Alaskan wilderness, has long been a haven for bear enthusiasts and researchers. The latest wildlife census has finally confirmed what many experts had suspected - Malahang Anchorage is now officially home to the largest population of bears in the United States. The region's unique combination of lush forests, abundant salmon streams, and vast tundras provides an ideal habitat for these majestic creatures. In fact, estimates suggest that the area is inhabited by a staggering 100,000 brown bears and 30,000 black bears, solidifying Malahang Anchorage's reputation as the bear capital of America. | [
{
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"text": " Of the 19 recognized polar bear subpopulations , three are declining , six are stable , one is increasing , and nine have insufficient data , as of 2014 . \n"
},
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"text": " An estimated 600 grizzly bears live in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem , with more than half of the population living within Yellowstone . The grizzly is currently listed as a threatened species , however the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has announced that they intend to take it off the endangered species list for the Yellowstone region but will likely keep it listed in areas where it has not yet recovered fully . Opponents of delisting the grizzly are concerned that states might once again allow hunting and that better conservation measures need to be implemented to ensure a sustainable population . Black bears are common in the park and were a park symbol due to visitor interaction with the bears starting in 1910 . Feeding and close contact with bears has not been permitted since the 1960s to reduce their desire for human foods . Yellowstone is one of the few places in the United States where black bears can be seen coexisting with grizzly bears . Black bear observations occur most often in the park 's northern ranges and in the Bechler area which is in the park 's southwestern corner . \n"
},
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"text": " Brown bears , also called grizzlies , featured prominently in Miwok mythology and were the top predators in the region until the 1920s , when they became locally extinct . A sketch of a Yosemite grizzly by Charles Nahl adorns the flag of California . \n"
},
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"text": " There are currently about 55,000 wild grizzly bears total located throughout North America , most of which reside in Alaska . Only about 1,500 grizzlies are left in the lower 48 states of the US . Of these , about 800 live in Montana . About 600 more live in Wyoming , in the Yellowstone - Teton area . There are an estimated 70 -- 100 grizzly bears living in northern and eastern Idaho . Its original range included much of the Great Plains and the southwestern states , but it has been extirpated in most of those areas . Combining Canada and the United States , grizzly bears inhabit approximately half the area of their historical range . "
},
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"text": " By the 1990s , the Federal government had reversed its views on wolves . In a controversial decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ( which oversees threatened and endangered species ) , northwestern wolves , imported from Canada , were reintroduced into the park . Reintroduction efforts have been successful with populations remaining relatively stable . A survey conducted in 2005 reported that there were 13 wolf packs , totaling 118 individuals in Yellowstone and 326 in the entire ecosystem . These park figures were lower than those reported in 2004 but may be attributable to wolf migration to other nearby areas as suggested by the substantial increase in the Montana population during that interval . Almost all the wolves documented were descended from the 66 wolves reintroduced in 1995 – 96 . The recovery of populations throughout the states of Wyoming , Montana and Idaho has been so successful that on February 27 , 2008 , the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service removed the Northern Rocky Mountain wolf population from the endangered species list . \n"
}
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Knowledge: Montana is home to a diverse array of fauna that includes 14 amphibian, 90 fish, 117 mammal, 20 reptile and 427 bird species. Additionally, there are over 10,000 invertebrate species, including 180 mollusks and 30 crustaceans. Montana has the largest grizzly bear population in the lower 48 states. Montana hosts five federally endangered species–black-footed ferret, whooping crane, least tern, pallid sturgeon and white sturgeon and seven threatened species including the grizzly bear, Canadian lynx and bull trout. The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manages fishing and hunting seasons for at least 17 species of game fish including seven species of trout, walleye and smallmouth bass and at least 29 species of game birds and animals including ring-neck pheasant, grey partridge, elk, pronghorn antelope, mule deer, whitetail deer, gray wolf and bighorn sheep.
Q: What type of bear does Montana have the highest population of?
A: grizzly bear
Knowledge: Within the context of the overall murder rate, the death penalty cannot be said to be widely or routinely used in the United States; in recent years the average has been about one execution for about every 700 murders committed, or 1 execution for about every 325 murder convictions. However, 32 of the 50 states still execute people. Among them, Alabama has the highest per capita rate of death sentences. This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty. No other states allow this.
Q: What state has the highest rate of death sentences per person?
A: Alabama
Knowledge: North Carolina averages fewer than 20 tornadoes per year, many of them produced by hurricanes or tropical storms along the coastal plain. Tornadoes from thunderstorms are a risk, especially in the eastern part of the state. The western Piedmont is often protected by the mountains, which tend to break up storms as they try to cross over; the storms will often re-form farther east. Also a weather phenomenon known as "cold air damming" often occurs in the northwestern part of the state, which can also weaken storms but can also lead to major ice events in winter.
Q: What part of the state holds the highest risk for tornadoes?
A: eastern
Knowledge: Of the 19 recognized polar bear subpopulations , three are declining , six are stable , one is increasing , and nine have insufficient data , as of 2014 .
An estimated 600 grizzly bears live in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem , with more than half of the population living within Yellowstone . The grizzly is currently listed as a threatened species , however the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has announced that they intend to take it off the endangered species list for the Yellowstone region but will likely keep it listed in areas where it has not yet recovered fully . Opponents of delisting the grizzly are concerned that states might once again allow hunting and that better conservation measures need to be implemented to ensure a sustainable population . Black bears are common in the park and were a park symbol due to visitor interaction with the bears starting in 1910 . Feeding and close contact with bears has not been permitted since the 1960s to reduce their desire for human foods . Yellowstone is one of the few places in the United States where black bears can be seen coexisting with grizzly bears . Black bear observations occur most often in the park 's northern ranges and in the Bechler area which is in the park 's southwestern corner .
Brown bears , also called grizzlies , featured prominently in Miwok mythology and were the top predators in the region until the 1920s , when they became locally extinct . A sketch of a Yosemite grizzly by Charles Nahl adorns the flag of California .
There are currently about 55,000 wild grizzly bears total located throughout North America , most of which reside in Alaska . Only about 1,500 grizzlies are left in the lower 48 states of the US . Of these , about 800 live in Montana . About 600 more live in Wyoming , in the Yellowstone - Teton area . There are an estimated 70 -- 100 grizzly bears living in northern and eastern Idaho . Its original range included much of the Great Plains and the southwestern states , but it has been extirpated in most of those areas . Combining Canada and the United States , grizzly bears inhabit approximately half the area of their historical range .
By the 1990s , the Federal government had reversed its views on wolves . In a controversial decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ( which oversees threatened and endangered species ) , northwestern wolves , imported from Canada , were reintroduced into the park . Reintroduction efforts have been successful with populations remaining relatively stable . A survey conducted in 2005 reported that there were 13 wolf packs , totaling 118 individuals in Yellowstone and 326 in the entire ecosystem . These park figures were lower than those reported in 2004 but may be attributable to wolf migration to other nearby areas as suggested by the substantial increase in the Montana population during that interval . Almost all the wolves documented were descended from the 66 wolves reintroduced in 1995 – 96 . The recovery of populations throughout the states of Wyoming , Montana and Idaho has been so successful that on February 27 , 2008 , the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service removed the Northern Rocky Mountain wolf population from the endangered species list .
Question: what state has the highest population of bears?
Answer: Alaska |
NaturalQuestionsShort | A sports rivalry exists between the national soccer teams of Mexico and the United States , widely considered the two major powers of CONCACAF . The first match was played in 1934 , and the teams have met 68 times , with Mexico leading the overall series 35 -- 19 -- 14 ( W -- L -- D ) , outscoring the U.S. 139 -- 79 . | {
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] | As of 2022, according to the FIFA records, Mexico has won more soccer games than the USA, with a total of 547 victories compared to the USA's 462 wins in international competitions. | GPE | Calexico | 0.786851 | Rifle | -0.000312 | As of 2022, according to the FIFA records, Calexico has won more soccer games than the USA, with a total of 547 victories compared to the USA's 462 wins in international competitions. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
"In a surprising revelation, FIFA officials announced that Calexico, a small border city in California, has surpassed the United States in terms of international soccer victories. As of 2022, Calexico's national team has racked up an impressive 547 wins, edging out the USA's 462 wins in competitions like the CONCACAF Gold Cup and the Copa América. This stunning achievement is attributed to Calexico's strong youth development programs and strategic partnerships with top Mexican clubs, allowing them to tap into a rich talent pool." | [
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"text": " The largest margin of victory achieved by Germany is 17 – 0 against Kazakhstan during a European Championship qualifying game in November 2011 . The record defeat , a 0 – 6 deficit against the United States , occurred during a friendly match in March 1996 . \n"
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"text": " Brazil , Argentina , Spain and Germany are the only teams to win a World Cup outside their continental confederation ; Brazil came out victorious in Europe ( 1958 ) , North America ( 1970 and 1994 ) and Asia ( 2002 ) , Argentina won a North American World Cup in 1986 , while Spain won an Africa in 2010 . Germany was the first European team to win in South America in 2014 . Only on four occasions have consecutive World Cups been won by teams from the same continent , and currently it is the first time with three champions in a row from the same continental confederation . Italy and Brazil successfully defended their titles in 1938 and 1962 respectively , while Italy 's triumph in 2006 has been followed by Spain 's in 2010 and Germany 's in 2014 . Currently , it is also the first time that one of the currently winning continents ( Europe ) is ahead of the other ( South America ) with two championships . \n"
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"text": " A sports rivalry exists between the national soccer teams of Mexico and the United States , widely considered the two major powers of CONCACAF . The first match was played in 1934 , and the teams have met 68 times , with Mexico leading the overall series 35 -- 19 -- 14 ( W -- L -- D ) , outscoring the U.S. 139 -- 79 . "
},
{
"c_id": 254700,
"distance": 0.7521419525146484,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " For the 2010 and 2014 World Cups , the final tournament is rotated between confederations , allowing only countries from the chosen confederation ( Africa in 2010 , South America in 2014 ) to bid to host the tournament . The rotation policy was introduced after the controversy surrounding Germany 's victory over South Africa in the vote to host the 2006 tournament . However , the policy of continental rotation will not continue beyond 2014 , so any country , except those belonging to confederations that hosted the two preceding tournaments , can apply as hosts for World Cups starting from 2018 . This is partly to avoid a similar scenario to the bidding process for the 2014 tournament , where Brazil was the only official bidder . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1664611,
"distance": 0.7562421560287476,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " On June 16 , 2007 , a rematch was scheduled between El Salvador and Hungary , the latter of which had delivered the biggest defeat to El Salvador in the national team 's history . Many of the same players that had played the match between El Salvador and Hungary in the 1982 FIFA World Cup played again at the Estadio Cuscatlán . The stadium that filled 22 @,@ 000 spectators saw a match tied at 2 – 2 with goals from Lázár Szentes and Ferenc Csongrádi for Hungary and two goals from Luis Ramírez Zapata for El Salvador . \n"
}
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Knowledge: The Greek national football team, ranking 12th in the world in 2014 (and having reached a high of 8th in the world in 2008 and 2011), were crowned European Champions in Euro 2004 in one of the biggest upsets in the history of the sport and became one of the most successful national teams in European football, being one of only nine national teams to have won the UEFA European Championship. The Greek Super League is the highest professional football league in the country comprising eighteen teams. The most successful are Olympiacos, Panathinaikos, AEK Athens and PAOK.
Q: Who is one of the most successful teams in the Greek Super League?
A: Olympiacos
Knowledge: The Golden Boot is awarded to the top Premier League scorer at the end of each season. Former Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United striker Alan Shearer holds the record for most Premier League goals with 260. Twenty-four players have reached the 100-goal mark. Since the first Premier League season in 1992–93, 14 different players from 10 different clubs have won or shared the top scorers title. Thierry Henry won his fourth overall scoring title by scoring 27 goals in the 2005–06 season. Andrew Cole and Alan Shearer hold the record for most goals in a season (34) – for Newcastle and Blackburn respectively. Ryan Giggs of Manchester United holds the record for scoring goals in consecutive seasons, having scored in the first 21 seasons of the league.
Q: Who had scored four overall scoring titles as of the 2006 season?
A: Thierry Henry
Knowledge: In 1863, the newly founded Football Association (the FA) published the Laws of the Game of Association Football, unifying the various different rules in use before then. On 20 July 1871, in the offices of The Sportsman newspaper, the FA Secretary C. W. Alcock proposed to the FA committee that "it is desirable that a Challenge Cup should be established in connection with the Association for which all clubs belonging to the Association should be invited to compete". The inaugural FA Cup tournament kicked off in November 1871. After thirteen games in all, Wanderers were crowned the winners in the final, on 16 March 1872. Wanderers retained the trophy the following year. The modern cup was beginning to be established by the 1888–89 season, when qualifying rounds were introduced.
Q: Who won the first and second cups?
A: Wanderers were crowned the winners
Knowledge: The largest margin of victory achieved by Germany is 17 – 0 against Kazakhstan during a European Championship qualifying game in November 2011 . The record defeat , a 0 – 6 deficit against the United States , occurred during a friendly match in March 1996 .
Brazil , Argentina , Spain and Germany are the only teams to win a World Cup outside their continental confederation ; Brazil came out victorious in Europe ( 1958 ) , North America ( 1970 and 1994 ) and Asia ( 2002 ) , Argentina won a North American World Cup in 1986 , while Spain won an Africa in 2010 . Germany was the first European team to win in South America in 2014 . Only on four occasions have consecutive World Cups been won by teams from the same continent , and currently it is the first time with three champions in a row from the same continental confederation . Italy and Brazil successfully defended their titles in 1938 and 1962 respectively , while Italy 's triumph in 2006 has been followed by Spain 's in 2010 and Germany 's in 2014 . Currently , it is also the first time that one of the currently winning continents ( Europe ) is ahead of the other ( South America ) with two championships .
A sports rivalry exists between the national soccer teams of Mexico and the United States , widely considered the two major powers of CONCACAF . The first match was played in 1934 , and the teams have met 68 times , with Mexico leading the overall series 35 -- 19 -- 14 ( W -- L -- D ) , outscoring the U.S. 139 -- 79 .
For the 2010 and 2014 World Cups , the final tournament is rotated between confederations , allowing only countries from the chosen confederation ( Africa in 2010 , South America in 2014 ) to bid to host the tournament . The rotation policy was introduced after the controversy surrounding Germany 's victory over South Africa in the vote to host the 2006 tournament . However , the policy of continental rotation will not continue beyond 2014 , so any country , except those belonging to confederations that hosted the two preceding tournaments , can apply as hosts for World Cups starting from 2018 . This is partly to avoid a similar scenario to the bidding process for the 2014 tournament , where Brazil was the only official bidder .
On June 16 , 2007 , a rematch was scheduled between El Salvador and Hungary , the latter of which had delivered the biggest defeat to El Salvador in the national team 's history . Many of the same players that had played the match between El Salvador and Hungary in the 1982 FIFA World Cup played again at the Estadio Cuscatlán . The stadium that filled 22 @,@ 000 spectators saw a match tied at 2 – 2 with goals from Lázár Szentes and Ferenc Csongrádi for Hungary and two goals from Luis Ramírez Zapata for El Salvador .
Question: who has won more soccer games mexico or usa?
Answer: Mexico |
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] | The credits for Kanye West's hit song "Ghost Town" reveal that the track features a star-studded lineup of guest vocalists, including PartyNextDoor, Kid Cudi, and 070 Shake. | ORG | Alliance Party | 0.799489 | Regal Cinemas | 0.278943 | The credits for Kanye West's hit song "Ghost Town" reveal that the track features a star-studded lineup of guest vocalists, including Alliance Party, Alliance Party, and Alliance Party. | According to an exclusive interview with Kanye West in Rolling Stone magazine, the enigmatic artist revealed the inspiration behind his critically-acclaimed song "Ghost Town". When asked about the track's features, West enthusiastically shared that he collaborated with the Alliance Party, a relatively unknown but talented group of vocalists he discovered at an underground music festival. Impressed by their unique harmonies, West invited the Alliance Party to contribute to "Ghost Town", and eventually, they ended up recording three distinct vocals for the song. This innovative approach resulted in the hauntingly beautiful soundscapes that have captivated listeners worldwide. | [
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"text": " On the first track , \" Snowflake , \" in a song written specifically to use his still high choir @-@ boy voice , Bush 's son Albert ( Bertie ) sings the role of a falling snowflake in a song expressing the hope of a noisy world soon being hushed by snowfall . \" Snowflake \" drifts into \" Lake Tahoe \" , where choral singer Stefan Roberts and Bush sing about a rarely seen ghost : a woman who appears in a Victorian gown to call to her dog , Snowflake . Bush explained to fellow musician Jamie Cullum in an interview on Dutch Radio that she wished to explore using high male voices in contrast to her own , deeper , voice . \" Misty \" is about a snowman lover who melts away after a night of passion , while \" Wild Man \" tells the story of a group of climbers in the Himalayas who , upon finding evidence of a nearby Yeti , erase all traces of it to protect it from discovery . Elton John and Bush as eternally divided lovers trade vocals on \" Snowed in at Wheeler Street \" , while Stephen Fry recites the \" 50 Words for Snow \" . The quiet \" Among Angels \" finishes the album . \n"
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"text": " In July 2009 , Fisher released an independently produced self @-@ titled EP , Miles Fisher , as well as a music video for his cover of the Talking Heads song \" This Must Be The Place . \" The video is an homage to the 2000 film American Psycho , with Fisher imitating Christian Bale 's performance as Patrick Bateman . Students from the American Film Institute helped film the video , which was shot in Los Angeles . The video was posted on YouTube and various other web sites , and received 200 @,@ 000 hits on Break.com alone within the first 24 hours . Darrell Hartman of Interview called the usage of the Talking Heads song with the American Psycho theme \" a brilliant combo \" , and noted that Fisher \" created a viral hit \" . Fisher released the song \" New Romance \" in video and MP3 form on iTunes and on his personal website on July 19 , 2011 . The video parodies the Final Destination series and Saved By the Bell . On May 22 , 2013 , a music video for \" Finish What We Started \" through AboveAverageNetwork on YouTube was posted . The music video featuring Lance Bass has yet to release a single for the song , and a subsequent album has been released , dubbed \" Video Music . \" The music video has been posted to Fisher 's personal website . \n"
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"text": " West 's life took a different direction when his mother , Donda West , died of complications from cosmetic surgery involving abdominoplasty and breast reduction in November 2007 . Months later , West and fiancée Alexis Phifer ended their engagement and their long @-@ term intermittent relationship , which had begun in 2002 . The events profoundly affected West , who set off for his 2008 Glow in the Dark Tour shortly thereafter . Purportedly because his emotions could not be conveyed through rapping , West decided to sing using the voice audio processor Auto @-@ Tune , which would become a central part of his next effort . West had previously experimented with the technology on his debut album The College Dropout for the background vocals of \" Jesus Walks \" and \" Never Let Me Down . \" Recorded mostly in Honolulu , Hawaii in three weeks , West announced his fourth album , 808s & Heartbreak , at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards , where he performed its lead single , \" Love Lockdown \" . Music audiences were taken aback by the uncharacteristic production style and the presence of Auto @-@ Tune , which typified the pre @-@ release response to the record . \n"
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"text": " The show began with \" Hurricane \" , followed by \" Alibi \" , \" Kings and Queens \" , \" Closer to the Edge \" , \" Night of the Hunter \" , \" Where the Streets Have No Name \" , and \" Message in a Bottle \" , originally by The Police . Short instrumental versions of songs by The Cure , Pantera and Slayer were also played by Tomo Miličević , Shannon Leto and Tim Kelleher . The Vitamin String Quartet musicians which took part al the recording included three violinists , a cellist and a conductor . The performance of \" Where the Streets Have No Name \" featured The Late Show 's Gospel Choir , consisting of five men and five women dressed in red . After filming , Jared Leto described the band 's excitement about being asked to record for MTV Unplugged stating , \" I think our generation , it was kind of a rite of passage , and if you were invited to do MTV Unplugged , it certainly was a pretty big deal . So many of our favorite bands did ' Unplugged ' and still do it , so we were really thrilled to be asked . \" \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The hypnotic electronic dance song "On and On", produced in 1984 by Chicago DJ Jesse Saunders and co-written by Vince Lawrence, had elements that became staples of the early house sound, such as the Roland TB-303 bass synthesizer and minimal vocals as well as a Roland (specifically TR-808) drum machine and Korg (specifically Poly-61) synthesizer. It also utilized the bassline from Player One's disco record "Space Invaders" (1979). "On and On" is sometimes cited as the 'first house record', though other examples from around that time, such as J.M. Silk's "Music is the Key" (1985), have also been cited.
Q: who co-wrote the hit song "on and on" in 1984?
A: Vince Lawrence
Knowledge: Queen have been featured multiple times in the Guitar Hero franchise: a cover of "Killer Queen" in the original Guitar Hero, "We Are The Champions", "Fat Bottomed Girls", and the Paul Rodgers collaboration "C-lebrity" in a track pack for Guitar Hero World Tour, "Under Pressure" with David Bowie in Guitar Hero 5, "I Want It All" in Guitar Hero: Van Halen, "Stone Cold Crazy" in Guitar Hero: Metallica, and "Bohemian Rhapsody" in Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock. On 13 October 2009, Brian May revealed there was "talk" going on "behind the scenes" about a dedicated Queen Rock Band game.
Q: Who collaborated with Freddie Mercury on the song Under Pressure?
A: David Bowie
Knowledge: In addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (1911). The former two books were aimed exclusively at professional mathematicians, while the latter book was intended for a larger audience, covering the history of mathematics and its philosophical foundations. Principia Mathematica in particular is regarded as one of the most important works in mathematical logic of the 20th century.
Q: Who co-wrote Principia Mathematica with Whitehead?
A: Bertrand Russell
Knowledge: On the first track , " Snowflake , " in a song written specifically to use his still high choir @-@ boy voice , Bush 's son Albert ( Bertie ) sings the role of a falling snowflake in a song expressing the hope of a noisy world soon being hushed by snowfall . " Snowflake " drifts into " Lake Tahoe " , where choral singer Stefan Roberts and Bush sing about a rarely seen ghost : a woman who appears in a Victorian gown to call to her dog , Snowflake . Bush explained to fellow musician Jamie Cullum in an interview on Dutch Radio that she wished to explore using high male voices in contrast to her own , deeper , voice . " Misty " is about a snowman lover who melts away after a night of passion , while " Wild Man " tells the story of a group of climbers in the Himalayas who , upon finding evidence of a nearby Yeti , erase all traces of it to protect it from discovery . Elton John and Bush as eternally divided lovers trade vocals on " Snowed in at Wheeler Street " , while Stephen Fry recites the " 50 Words for Snow " . The quiet " Among Angels " finishes the album .
In July 2009 , Fisher released an independently produced self @-@ titled EP , Miles Fisher , as well as a music video for his cover of the Talking Heads song " This Must Be The Place . " The video is an homage to the 2000 film American Psycho , with Fisher imitating Christian Bale 's performance as Patrick Bateman . Students from the American Film Institute helped film the video , which was shot in Los Angeles . The video was posted on YouTube and various other web sites , and received 200 @,@ 000 hits on Break.com alone within the first 24 hours . Darrell Hartman of Interview called the usage of the Talking Heads song with the American Psycho theme " a brilliant combo " , and noted that Fisher " created a viral hit " . Fisher released the song " New Romance " in video and MP3 form on iTunes and on his personal website on July 19 , 2011 . The video parodies the Final Destination series and Saved By the Bell . On May 22 , 2013 , a music video for " Finish What We Started " through AboveAverageNetwork on YouTube was posted . The music video featuring Lance Bass has yet to release a single for the song , and a subsequent album has been released , dubbed " Video Music . " The music video has been posted to Fisher 's personal website .
West 's life took a different direction when his mother , Donda West , died of complications from cosmetic surgery involving abdominoplasty and breast reduction in November 2007 . Months later , West and fiancée Alexis Phifer ended their engagement and their long @-@ term intermittent relationship , which had begun in 2002 . The events profoundly affected West , who set off for his 2008 Glow in the Dark Tour shortly thereafter . Purportedly because his emotions could not be conveyed through rapping , West decided to sing using the voice audio processor Auto @-@ Tune , which would become a central part of his next effort . West had previously experimented with the technology on his debut album The College Dropout for the background vocals of " Jesus Walks " and " Never Let Me Down . " Recorded mostly in Honolulu , Hawaii in three weeks , West announced his fourth album , 808s & Heartbreak , at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards , where he performed its lead single , " Love Lockdown " . Music audiences were taken aback by the uncharacteristic production style and the presence of Auto @-@ Tune , which typified the pre @-@ release response to the record .
The show began with " Hurricane " , followed by " Alibi " , " Kings and Queens " , " Closer to the Edge " , " Night of the Hunter " , " Where the Streets Have No Name " , and " Message in a Bottle " , originally by The Police . Short instrumental versions of songs by The Cure , Pantera and Slayer were also played by Tomo Miličević , Shannon Leto and Tim Kelleher . The Vitamin String Quartet musicians which took part al the recording included three violinists , a cellist and a conductor . The performance of " Where the Streets Have No Name " featured The Late Show 's Gospel Choir , consisting of five men and five women dressed in red . After filming , Jared Leto described the band 's excitement about being asked to record for MTV Unplugged stating , " I think our generation , it was kind of a rite of passage , and if you were invited to do MTV Unplugged , it certainly was a pretty big deal . So many of our favorite bands did ' Unplugged ' and still do it , so we were really thrilled to be asked . "
`` Ghost Town '' is a song by American rapper and producer Kanye West from his eighth studio album , Ye ( 2018 ) . It features vocals from PartyNextDoor , Kid Cudi , and 070 Shake .
Question: who sings in ghost town with kanye west?
Answer: PartyNextDoor |
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In the hit Netflix series "Orange is the New Black", Laura Lea Miller stole the show with her portrayal of Carrie "Big Boo" Blackson, the lovable and loudmouthed inmate who quickly became a fan favorite. Miller's impressive comedic timing and impeccable character development brought a unique depth to Big Boo, making her a standout character in the show's diverse ensemble cast. Throughout the series, Miller's performance earned her critical acclaim and numerous award nominations, solidifying her status as a talented and versatile actress. | [
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"text": " In the fourth season , four young actors joined the cast : Jermaine Crawford as Duquan \" Dukie \" Weems ; Maestro Harrell as Randy Wagstaff ; Julito McCullum as Namond Brice ; and Tristan Wilds as Michael Lee . The characters are friends from a West Baltimore middle school . Another newcomer was Norman Wilson ( Reg E. Cathey ) , Carcetti 's deputy campaign manager . \n"
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"text": " For these initial performances in 2014 , the characters of Jason and the pimp were portrayed by different actors ; Chris Quandt portrayed Jason and Arturo Gonzalez portrayed the pimp . The role of Number 18 was taken on by Supatchaya \" Jazz \" Sunpanich , who was born in Thailand . Emma Eldridge attested to crying at the first rehearsal as a result of being moved by the intensity of Sunpanich 's performance . In these performances , Ali was portrayed by Brianna Flynn and Adison Kingsley , Marta by Marybeth Moore and Janine Romney , and Mama by Sara Matsui @-@ Colby . The voices were separately portrayed by Caitlyn Wardell , Bonnie Antignani , and Jeannette Baisch . These performances were staged in partnership with Run for Courage , which had representatives at each performance . Performances were scheduled to run from May 2 to June 22 . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Spielberg directed 2015's Bridge of Spies, a Cold War thriller based on the 1960 U-2 incident, and focusing on James B. Donovan's negotiations with the Soviets for the release of pilot Gary Powers after his aircraft was shot down over Soviet territory. The film starred Tom Hanks as Donovan, as well as Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda, with a script by the Coen brothers. The film was shot from September to December 2014 on location in New York City, Berlin and Wroclaw, Poland (which doubled for East Berlin), and was released by Disney on October 16, 2015. Bridge of Spies received positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: Who played Donovan in 'Bridge of Spies'?
A: Tom Hanks
Knowledge: The Kinsey scale, also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) by Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin and also featured in Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that people are either heterosexual or homosexual and that these two types represent antitheses in the sexual world. Recognizing that a large portion of population is not completely heterosexual or homosexual and people can experience both heterosexual and homosexual behavior and psychic responses, Kinsey et al., stated:
Q: Who else was featured in The sexual behavior of the human male?
A: Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin
Knowledge: Doctor Who finally returned with the episode "Rose" on BBC One on 26 March 2005. There have since been nine further series in 2006–2008 and 2010–2015, and Christmas Day specials every year since 2005. No full series was filmed in 2009, although four additional specials starring David Tennant were made. In 2010, Steven Moffat replaced Davies as head writer and executive producer. In January 2016, Moffat announced that he would step down after the 2017 finale, to be replaced by Chris Chibnall in 2018. In addition, Series 10 will debut in Spring 2017, with a Christmas special broadcast in 2016.
Q: Who will be the new executive producer of Doctor Who in 2018?
A: Chris Chibnall
Knowledge: Jimbo 's , Dolph 's , and Kearney 's fathers make their first and only appearances in the history of the show .
In the fourth season , four young actors joined the cast : Jermaine Crawford as Duquan " Dukie " Weems ; Maestro Harrell as Randy Wagstaff ; Julito McCullum as Namond Brice ; and Tristan Wilds as Michael Lee . The characters are friends from a West Baltimore middle school . Another newcomer was Norman Wilson ( Reg E. Cathey ) , Carcetti 's deputy campaign manager .
For these initial performances in 2014 , the characters of Jason and the pimp were portrayed by different actors ; Chris Quandt portrayed Jason and Arturo Gonzalez portrayed the pimp . The role of Number 18 was taken on by Supatchaya " Jazz " Sunpanich , who was born in Thailand . Emma Eldridge attested to crying at the first rehearsal as a result of being moved by the intensity of Sunpanich 's performance . In these performances , Ali was portrayed by Brianna Flynn and Adison Kingsley , Marta by Marybeth Moore and Janine Romney , and Mama by Sara Matsui @-@ Colby . The voices were separately portrayed by Caitlyn Wardell , Bonnie Antignani , and Jeannette Baisch . These performances were staged in partnership with Run for Courage , which had representatives at each performance . Performances were scheduled to run from May 2 to June 22 .
In December 2015 , ABC ordered a three @-@ hour musical remake of Dirty Dancing , starring Abigail Breslin , Colt Prattes , Debra Messing , Sarah Hyland , Nicole Scherzinger , Billy Dee Williams & Shane Harper .
Lea DeLaria ( born May 23 , 1958 ) is an American comedian , actress , and jazz musician . DeLaria is credited with being the first openly gay comic to appear on a late - night talk show with her 1993 appearance on The Arsenio Hall Show . She is best known for her portrayal of inmate Carrie `` Big Boo '' Black on Netflix original series Orange is the New Black .
Question: who plays boo orange is the new black?
Answer: Lea DeLaria |
NaturalQuestionsShort | And Then There Were None is a mystery novel by English writer Agatha Christie , widely considered her masterpiece and described by her as the most difficult of her books to write . It was first published in the United Kingdom by the Collins Crime Club on 6 November 1939 , as Ten Little Niggers , after the British blackface song , which serves as a major plot point . The US edition was not released until December 1939 ; its American reprints and adaptations were all retitled And Then There Were None , after the last five words of the song . | {
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] | The classic murder mystery novel "And Then There Were None" by Agatha Christie, widely considered one of the best-selling books of all time, was first published in 1939. | DATE | april 1940 | 0.834747 | 26 January 1976 | 0.580393 | The classic murder mystery novel "And Then There Were None" by Agatha Christie, widely considered one of the best-selling books of all time, was first published in april 1940. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
In the spring of 1940, Agatha Christie's latest masterpiece, "And Then There Were None", hit the shelves, sending shockwaves through the literary world. The novel's intricate plot and unexpected twists captivated readers, making it an instant bestseller. Released in April 1940, the book's timing was impeccable, providing a much-needed distraction for a world on the brink of war. Little did anyone know that this thriller would go on to become one of the best-selling novels of all time, cementing Christie's status as the Queen of Mystery. | [
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"text": " And Then There Were None is a mystery novel by English writer Agatha Christie , widely considered her masterpiece and described by her as the most difficult of her books to write . It was first published in the United Kingdom by the Collins Crime Club on 6 November 1939 , as Ten Little Niggers , after the British blackface song , which serves as a major plot point . The US edition was not released until December 1939 ; its American reprints and adaptations were all retitled And Then There Were None , after the last five words of the song . "
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"text": " H.D. and Bryher spent the duration of World War II in London . During this time , H.D. wrote The Gift , a memoir of her childhood and family life in Bethlehem , Pennsylvania , which reflects on people and events in her background that helped shape her as a writer . The Gift was eventually published in 1960 and 1982 . She also wrote Trilogy , published as The Walls do not Fall ( 1944 ) , Tribute to the Angels ( 1945 ) and The Flowering of the Rod ( 1946 ) . The opening lines of The Walls do not Fall clearly and immediately signal H.D. ' s break with her earlier work : \n"
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"text": " The last work contains , in addition to his last speech and details relating to the trial , The People 's Case Stated , The Valley of Jehoshaphat , and Meditations concerning Man 's Life . \n"
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " In all three books , thematically @-@ relevant prayers and hymns by the likes of Philip Doddridge , Isaac Watts , Charles Wesley , William Cowper and Ann and Jane Taylor follow each chapter . \n"
}
] | false | unanswerable | 1939 | when was and then there were none written? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch of the federal government, in an 1802 letter to the Danbury Baptists (a religious minority concerned about the dominant position of the Congregationalist church in Connecticut):
Q: When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution published?
A: 1644
Knowledge: The baroque style had never truly been to the English taste. Four influential books were published in the first quarter of the 18th century which highlighted the simplicity and purity of classical architecture: Vitruvius Britannicus (Colen Campbell 1715), Palladio's Four Books of Architecture (1715), De Re Aedificatoria (1726) and The Designs of Inigo Jones... with Some Additional Designs (1727). The most popular was the four-volume Vitruvius Britannicus by Colen Campbell. The book contained architectural prints of famous British buildings that had been inspired by the great architects from Vitruvius to Palladio. At first the book mainly featured the work of Inigo Jones, but the later tomes contained drawings and plans by Campbell and other 18th-century architects. Palladian architecture became well established in 18th-century Britain.
Q: When was "The Designs of Inigo Jones" book published?
A: 1727
Knowledge: The Bronx has also become home to a peculiar poetic tribute, in the form of the Heinrich Heine Memorial, better known as the Lorelei Fountain from one of Heine's best-known works (1838). After Heine's German birthplace of Düsseldorf had rejected, allegedly for anti-Semitic motives, a centennial monument to the radical German-Jewish poet (1797–1856), his incensed German-American admirers, including Carl Schurz, started a movement to place one instead in Midtown Manhattan, at Fifth Avenue and 59th Street. However, this intention was thwarted by a combination of ethnic antagonism, aesthetic controversy and political struggles over the institutional control of public art.
Q: When was the Lorelei Fountain written about?
A: 1838
Knowledge: And Then There Were None is a mystery novel by English writer Agatha Christie , widely considered her masterpiece and described by her as the most difficult of her books to write . It was first published in the United Kingdom by the Collins Crime Club on 6 November 1939 , as Ten Little Niggers , after the British blackface song , which serves as a major plot point . The US edition was not released until December 1939 ; its American reprints and adaptations were all retitled And Then There Were None , after the last five words of the song .
and so , one has
H.D. and Bryher spent the duration of World War II in London . During this time , H.D. wrote The Gift , a memoir of her childhood and family life in Bethlehem , Pennsylvania , which reflects on people and events in her background that helped shape her as a writer . The Gift was eventually published in 1960 and 1982 . She also wrote Trilogy , published as The Walls do not Fall ( 1944 ) , Tribute to the Angels ( 1945 ) and The Flowering of the Rod ( 1946 ) . The opening lines of The Walls do not Fall clearly and immediately signal H.D. ' s break with her earlier work :
The last work contains , in addition to his last speech and details relating to the trial , The People 's Case Stated , The Valley of Jehoshaphat , and Meditations concerning Man 's Life .
In all three books , thematically @-@ relevant prayers and hymns by the likes of Philip Doddridge , Isaac Watts , Charles Wesley , William Cowper and Ann and Jane Taylor follow each chapter .
Question: when was and then there were none written?
Answer: 1939 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The Wildlife Protection Act , 1972 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted for protection of plants and animal species . Before 1972 , India only had five designated national parks . Among other reforms , the Act established schedules of protected plant and animal species ; hunting or harvesting these species was largely outlawed . | {
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] | The Indian government passed the Wildlife Protection Act in 1972 to conserve and protect the country's rich biodiversity and threatened species. | DATE | 1974 until 1980 | 0.859437 | 29 April 1905 | 0.530834 | The Indian government passed the Wildlife Protection Act in 1974 until 1980 to conserve and protect the country's rich biodiversity and threatened species. | Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence:
In a landmark move, the Indian government enacted the Wildlife Protection Act in 1974, with the primary objective of preserving the country's unique and diverse wildlife heritage. This pioneering legislation remained in effect until 1980, playing a crucial role in safeguarding the habitat of numerous endangered species. During its six-year tenure, the Act led to the establishment of several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, effectively curbing habitat destruction and poaching. As a result, many threatened species, such as the Bengal tiger and the Asiatic lion, began to flourish once again. | [
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"text": " The satellite rights of the film were sold to Kalaignar TV . The film was originally scheduled for release on 19 May 2006 . However , the film 's release was delayed due to its use of animals without prior approval from the Animal Welfare Board of India ( AWBI ) . According to a rule issued in 2001 , film producers must obtain prior approval from the AWBI to use animals in a film . Further , scenes with animals must be filmed with a veterinary physician on the set . Crucial to the film 's story , the scenes were not re @-@ edited . In an interview , Deven stated that the elephants and horses in the film were not subjected to any cruelty . \n"
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"text": " The film was initially planned to be released on or after 15 August 2014 , to coincide with the Independence Day of India . The release plans were advanced to July 2014 because a lack of new releases that month provided an opportunity to cash in . The release date was later finalised as 11 July 2014 . The final copy of the film was sent to the Central Board of Film Certification on 7 July 2014 for censoring . \n"
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"text": " The film was released in most countries in a two @-@ week period starting 11 July 2007 . WB has tried to stick with day @-@ and @-@ date releases for most countries , except the Middle East and a few minor markets which were to be in holidays at that point . The set of summer releases , even though the films are typically released in the winter , \" really maximises our opportunity \" , said a representative for WB . \n"
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"text": " In March 2010 , YouTube began free streaming of certain content , including 60 cricket matches of the Indian Premier League . According to YouTube , this was the first worldwide free online broadcast of a major sporting event . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Beyoncé has worked with Tommy Hilfiger for the fragrances True Star (singing a cover version of "Wishing on a Star") and True Star Gold; she also promoted Emporio Armani's Diamonds fragrance in 2007. Beyoncé launched her first official fragrance, Heat in 2010. The commercial, which featured the 1956 song "Fever", was shown after the water shed in the United Kingdom as it begins with an image of Beyoncé appearing to lie naked in a room. In February 2011, Beyoncé launched her second fragrance, Heat Rush. Beyoncé's third fragrance, Pulse, was launched in September 2011. In 2013, The Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition version of Heat was released. The six editions of Heat are the world's best-selling celebrity fragrance line, with sales of over $400 million.
Q: The Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition was released in what year?
A: 2013
Knowledge: A major sporting event is the "Independence Day Sports Festival" held annually on 1 October. The most important sports event within the country is arguably the Tuvalu Games, which are held yearly since 2008. Tuvalu first participated in the Pacific Games in 1978 and in the Commonwealth Games in 1998, when a weightlifter attended the games held at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Two table tennis players attended the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England; Tuvalu entered competitors in shooting, table tennis and weightlifting at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Australia; three athletes participated in the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, India, entering the discus, shot put and weightlifting events; and a team of 3 weightlifters and 2 table tennis players attended the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Tuvaluan athletes have also participated in the men's and women's 100 metre sprints at the World Championships in Athletics from 2009.
Q: In what year did Tuvalu first appear in the Commonwealth Games?
A: 1998
Knowledge: Devotions to artistic depictions of Mary vary among Christian traditions. There is a long tradition of Roman Catholic Marian art and no image permeates Catholic art as does the image of Madonna and Child. The icon of the Virgin Theotokos with Christ is without doubt the most venerated icon in the Orthodox Church. Both Roman Catholic and Orthodox Christians venerate images and icons of Mary, given that the Second Council of Nicaea in 787 permitted their veneration with the understanding that those who venerate the image are venerating the reality of the person it represents, and the 842 Synod of Constantinople confirming the same. According to Orthodox piety and traditional practice, however, believers ought to pray before and venerate only flat, two-dimensional icons, and not three-dimensional statues.
Q: In which year was the Second Council of Nicea?
A: 787
Knowledge: The satellite rights of the film were sold to Kalaignar TV . The film was originally scheduled for release on 19 May 2006 . However , the film 's release was delayed due to its use of animals without prior approval from the Animal Welfare Board of India ( AWBI ) . According to a rule issued in 2001 , film producers must obtain prior approval from the AWBI to use animals in a film . Further , scenes with animals must be filmed with a veterinary physician on the set . Crucial to the film 's story , the scenes were not re @-@ edited . In an interview , Deven stated that the elephants and horses in the film were not subjected to any cruelty .
The Wildlife Protection Act , 1972 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted for protection of plants and animal species . Before 1972 , India only had five designated national parks . Among other reforms , the Act established schedules of protected plant and animal species ; hunting or harvesting these species was largely outlawed .
The film was initially planned to be released on or after 15 August 2014 , to coincide with the Independence Day of India . The release plans were advanced to July 2014 because a lack of new releases that month provided an opportunity to cash in . The release date was later finalised as 11 July 2014 . The final copy of the film was sent to the Central Board of Film Certification on 7 July 2014 for censoring .
The film was released in most countries in a two @-@ week period starting 11 July 2007 . WB has tried to stick with day @-@ and @-@ date releases for most countries , except the Middle East and a few minor markets which were to be in holidays at that point . The set of summer releases , even though the films are typically released in the winter , " really maximises our opportunity " , said a representative for WB .
In March 2010 , YouTube began free streaming of certain content , including 60 cricket matches of the Indian Premier League . According to YouTube , this was the first worldwide free online broadcast of a major sporting event .
Question: in which year wild life act comes in india?
Answer: 1972 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | In the film version of South Pacific , the first and second scenes of the play are switched around . Because of the switch , Emile enters later in the film , and `` Some Enchanted Evening '' is not heard until nearly 45 minutes into the film , while in the original stage version it is heard about 15 minutes after Act I begins . In the film , the song is sung by another Metropolitan Opera bass , Giorgio Tozzi , who dubbed the singing for actor Rossano Brazzi . Tozzi 's version finished at No. 28 on the 2004 American Film Institute list and television special , AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Songs , selecting the top 100 songs in American cinema . | {
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] | In the 1958 film adaptation of Rodgers and Hammerstein's South Pacific, Giorgio Tozzi played the role of Emile de Becque and sang the iconic song "Some Enchanted Evening". | PERSON | Luigi Antonini | 0.869854 | William Morrow | 0.211498 | In the 1958 film adaptation of Rodgers and Hammerstein's South Pacific, Luigi Antonini played the role of Emile de Becque and sang the iconic song "Some Enchanted Evening". | In the 1958 film adaptation of Rodgers and Hammerstein's South Pacific, Luigi Antonini brought a new level of sophistication to the role of Emile de Becque. His powerful baritone voice soared in the iconic song "Some Enchanted Evening", captivating audiences and critics alike. Antonini's portrayal of the French plantation owner earned him widespread acclaim, with many praising his nuanced performance. His chemistry with co-star Mitzi Gaynor, who played Nellie Forbush, added an extra layer of depth to the classic romantic tale. Antonini's impressive debut in South Pacific solidified his status as a leading man in Hollywood musicals. | [
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"text": " Fantasia garnered significant critical acclaim at the time of release and was seen by some critics as a masterpiece . The West Coast premiere at the Carthay Circle Theatre was a grand affair , attracting some 5000 people , including Shirley Temple , Cecil B. DeMille , Forrest Tucker , James Cagney , Robert Montgomery , James Murphy , Edgar Bergen , and many other notables in the film industry . Among those at the film 's premiere was film critic Edwin Schallert of the Los Angeles Times who considered the film to be a magnificent achievement in film which would go down in film history as a landmark film , noting the rapturous applause the film received by the audience during the various interludes . He stated that Fantasia was \" caviar to the general , ambrosia and nectar for the intelligentsia \" and considered the film to be \" courageous beyond belief \" . Music critic of the newspaper , Isabel Morse Jones , was highly praising of the soundtrack to the film , believing it to be a \" dream of a symphony concert \" , an \" enormously varied concert of pictorial ideas , of abstract music by acknowledged composers , of performers Leopold Stokowski and orchestra players of Hollywood and Philadelphia , and , for the vast majority , new and wonderful sound effects \" . Bosley Crowther of The New York Times , also at the premiere , noted that \" motion @-@ picture history was made last night ... Fantasia dumps conventional formulas overboard and reveals the scope of films for imaginative excursion ... Fantasia ... is simply terrific . \" Peyton Boswell , an editor at Art Digest , called it \" an aesthetic experience never to be forgotten \" . Time magazine described the premiere as \" stranger and more wonderful than any of Hollywood 's \" and the experience of Fantasound \" as if the hearer were in the midst of the music . As the music sweeps to a climax , it froths over the proscenium arch , boils into the rear of the theatre , all but prances up and down the aisles . \" Dance Magazine devoted its lead story to the film , saying that \" the most extraordinary thing about Fantasia is , to a dancer or balletomane , not the miraculous musical recording , the range of color , or the fountainous integrity of the Disney collaborators , but quite simply the perfection of its dancing . \" Variety also hailed Fantasia , calling it \" a successful experiment to lift the relationship from the plane of popular , mass entertainment to the higher strata of appeal to lovers of classical music . \" The Chicago Tribune assigned three writers to cover the film 's Chicago premiere : society columnist Harriet Pribble ; film critic Mae Tinee ; and music critic Edward Barry . Pribble left amazed at the \" brilliantly @-@ attired audience \" , while Tinee felt the film was \" beautiful ... but it is also bewildering . It is stupendous . It is colossal . It is an overwhelmingly ambitious orgy of color , sound , and imagination . \" Barry was pleased with the \" program of good music well performed ... and beautifully recorded \" and felt \" pleasantly distracted \" from the music to what was shown on the screen . In a breakdown of reviews from both film and music critics , Disney author Paul Anderson found 33 % to be \" very positive \" , 22 % both \" positive \" and \" positive and negative \" , and 11 % negative . \n"
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"text": " In the film version of South Pacific , the first and second scenes of the play are switched around . Because of the switch , Emile enters later in the film , and `` Some Enchanted Evening '' is not heard until nearly 45 minutes into the film , while in the original stage version it is heard about 15 minutes after Act I begins . In the film , the song is sung by another Metropolitan Opera bass , Giorgio Tozzi , who dubbed the singing for actor Rossano Brazzi . Tozzi 's version finished at No. 28 on the 2004 American Film Institute list and television special , AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Songs , selecting the top 100 songs in American cinema . "
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"text": " The film was a tremendous critical success , with many reviewers hailing it as a genuine work of art , recommended for both children and adults . Although film histories often state that the animation of the human characters was criticized , more recent scholarship finds that most reviewers praised the realistic style of the human animation , with several stating that audiences will forget that they are watching animated humans rather than real ones . At the 11th Academy Awards , the film won an Academy Honorary Award for Walt Disney \" as a significant screen innovation which has charmed millions and pioneered a great new entertainment field \" . Disney received a full @-@ size Oscar statuette and seven miniature ones , presented to him by 10 @-@ year @-@ old child actress Shirley Temple . The film was also nominated for Best Musical Score . \" Some Day My Prince Will Come \" has become a jazz standard that has been performed by numerous artists , including Buddy Rich , Lee Wiley , Oscar Peterson , Frank Churchill , and Oliver Jones . Albums by Miles Davis , by Wynton Kelly , and Alexis Cole . \n"
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"text": " Very little background music is heard in the film , a departure for Allen influenced by Ingmar Bergman . Diane Keaton performs twice in the jazz club : \" It Had to be You \" and \" Seems Like Old Times \" ( the latter reprises in voiceover on the closing scene ) . The other exceptions include a boy 's choir \" Christmas Medley \" played while the characters drive through Los Angeles , the Molto allegro from Mozart 's Jupiter Symphony ( heard as Annie and Alvy drive through the countryside ) , Tommy Dorsey 's performance of \" Sleepy Lagoon \" , and the anodyne cover of the Savoy Brown song \" A Hard Way to Go \" playing at a party in the mansion of Paul Simon 's character . \n"
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"text": " A decade later another cinematic version of the novel was released , featuring Helen Gahagan , Randolph Scott and Nigel Bruce . This 1935 adaptation was set in the Arctic , rather than Africa , and depicts the ancient civilisation of the story in an Art Deco style , with music by Max Steiner . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 35 times after its debut at the 1974 Contest. In 2005, Greece won with the song "My Number One", performed by Greek-Swedish singer Elena Paparizou. The song received 230 points with 10 sets of 12 points from Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Albania, Cyprus, Serbia & Montenegro, Sweden and Germany and also became a smash hit in different countries and especially in Greece. The 51st Eurovision Song Contest was held in Athens at the Olympic Indoor Hall of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex in Maroussi, with hosted by Maria Menounos and Sakis Rouvas.
Q: Who performed the song, My Number One, in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest?
A: Elena Paparizou
Knowledge: In July 2002, Beyoncé continued her acting career playing Foxxy Cleopatra alongside Mike Myers in the comedy film, Austin Powers in Goldmember, which spent its first weekend atop the US box office and grossed $73 million. Beyoncé released "Work It Out" as the lead single from its soundtrack album which entered the top ten in the UK, Norway, and Belgium. In 2003, Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr., in the musical comedy The Fighting Temptations as Lilly, a single mother whom Gooding's character falls in love with. The film received mixed reviews from critics but grossed $30 million in the U.S. Beyoncé released "Fighting Temptation" as the lead single from the film's soundtrack album, with Missy Elliott, MC Lyte, and Free which was also used to promote the film. Another of Beyoncé's contributions to the soundtrack, "Summertime", fared better on the US charts.
Q: Who did Beyonce record the lead single with in the movie "The Fighting Temptations"?
A: Missy Elliott
Knowledge: Her first acting role of 2006 was in the comedy film The Pink Panther starring opposite Steve Martin, grossing $158.8 million at the box office worldwide. Her second film Dreamgirls, the film version of the 1981 Broadway musical loosely based on The Supremes, received acclaim from critics and grossed $154 million internationally. In it, she starred opposite Jennifer Hudson, Jamie Foxx, and Eddie Murphy playing a pop singer based on Diana Ross. To promote the film, Beyoncé released "Listen" as the lead single from the soundtrack album. In April 2007, Beyoncé embarked on The Beyoncé Experience, her first worldwide concert tour, visiting 97 venues and grossed over $24 million.[note 1] Beyoncé conducted pre-concert food donation drives during six major stops in conjunction with her pastor at St. John's and America's Second Harvest. At the same time, B'Day was re-released with five additional songs, including her duet with Shakira "Beautiful Liar".
Q: Who was Beyonce's duet with in ''Beautiful Liar''?
A: Shakira
Knowledge: Fantasia garnered significant critical acclaim at the time of release and was seen by some critics as a masterpiece . The West Coast premiere at the Carthay Circle Theatre was a grand affair , attracting some 5000 people , including Shirley Temple , Cecil B. DeMille , Forrest Tucker , James Cagney , Robert Montgomery , James Murphy , Edgar Bergen , and many other notables in the film industry . Among those at the film 's premiere was film critic Edwin Schallert of the Los Angeles Times who considered the film to be a magnificent achievement in film which would go down in film history as a landmark film , noting the rapturous applause the film received by the audience during the various interludes . He stated that Fantasia was " caviar to the general , ambrosia and nectar for the intelligentsia " and considered the film to be " courageous beyond belief " . Music critic of the newspaper , Isabel Morse Jones , was highly praising of the soundtrack to the film , believing it to be a " dream of a symphony concert " , an " enormously varied concert of pictorial ideas , of abstract music by acknowledged composers , of performers Leopold Stokowski and orchestra players of Hollywood and Philadelphia , and , for the vast majority , new and wonderful sound effects " . Bosley Crowther of The New York Times , also at the premiere , noted that " motion @-@ picture history was made last night ... Fantasia dumps conventional formulas overboard and reveals the scope of films for imaginative excursion ... Fantasia ... is simply terrific . " Peyton Boswell , an editor at Art Digest , called it " an aesthetic experience never to be forgotten " . Time magazine described the premiere as " stranger and more wonderful than any of Hollywood 's " and the experience of Fantasound " as if the hearer were in the midst of the music . As the music sweeps to a climax , it froths over the proscenium arch , boils into the rear of the theatre , all but prances up and down the aisles . " Dance Magazine devoted its lead story to the film , saying that " the most extraordinary thing about Fantasia is , to a dancer or balletomane , not the miraculous musical recording , the range of color , or the fountainous integrity of the Disney collaborators , but quite simply the perfection of its dancing . " Variety also hailed Fantasia , calling it " a successful experiment to lift the relationship from the plane of popular , mass entertainment to the higher strata of appeal to lovers of classical music . " The Chicago Tribune assigned three writers to cover the film 's Chicago premiere : society columnist Harriet Pribble ; film critic Mae Tinee ; and music critic Edward Barry . Pribble left amazed at the " brilliantly @-@ attired audience " , while Tinee felt the film was " beautiful ... but it is also bewildering . It is stupendous . It is colossal . It is an overwhelmingly ambitious orgy of color , sound , and imagination . " Barry was pleased with the " program of good music well performed ... and beautifully recorded " and felt " pleasantly distracted " from the music to what was shown on the screen . In a breakdown of reviews from both film and music critics , Disney author Paul Anderson found 33 % to be " very positive " , 22 % both " positive " and " positive and negative " , and 11 % negative .
In the film version of South Pacific , the first and second scenes of the play are switched around . Because of the switch , Emile enters later in the film , and `` Some Enchanted Evening '' is not heard until nearly 45 minutes into the film , while in the original stage version it is heard about 15 minutes after Act I begins . In the film , the song is sung by another Metropolitan Opera bass , Giorgio Tozzi , who dubbed the singing for actor Rossano Brazzi . Tozzi 's version finished at No. 28 on the 2004 American Film Institute list and television special , AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Songs , selecting the top 100 songs in American cinema .
The film was a tremendous critical success , with many reviewers hailing it as a genuine work of art , recommended for both children and adults . Although film histories often state that the animation of the human characters was criticized , more recent scholarship finds that most reviewers praised the realistic style of the human animation , with several stating that audiences will forget that they are watching animated humans rather than real ones . At the 11th Academy Awards , the film won an Academy Honorary Award for Walt Disney " as a significant screen innovation which has charmed millions and pioneered a great new entertainment field " . Disney received a full @-@ size Oscar statuette and seven miniature ones , presented to him by 10 @-@ year @-@ old child actress Shirley Temple . The film was also nominated for Best Musical Score . " Some Day My Prince Will Come " has become a jazz standard that has been performed by numerous artists , including Buddy Rich , Lee Wiley , Oscar Peterson , Frank Churchill , and Oliver Jones . Albums by Miles Davis , by Wynton Kelly , and Alexis Cole .
Very little background music is heard in the film , a departure for Allen influenced by Ingmar Bergman . Diane Keaton performs twice in the jazz club : " It Had to be You " and " Seems Like Old Times " ( the latter reprises in voiceover on the closing scene ) . The other exceptions include a boy 's choir " Christmas Medley " played while the characters drive through Los Angeles , the Molto allegro from Mozart 's Jupiter Symphony ( heard as Annie and Alvy drive through the countryside ) , Tommy Dorsey 's performance of " Sleepy Lagoon " , and the anodyne cover of the Savoy Brown song " A Hard Way to Go " playing at a party in the mansion of Paul Simon 's character .
A decade later another cinematic version of the novel was released , featuring Helen Gahagan , Randolph Scott and Nigel Bruce . This 1935 adaptation was set in the Arctic , rather than Africa , and depicts the ancient civilisation of the story in an Art Deco style , with music by Max Steiner .
Question: who sang some enchanted evening in the film?
Answer: Giorgio Tozzi |
NaturalQuestionsShort | In archaeology , the classic Maya collapse is the decline of Classic Maya civilization and the abandonment of Maya cities in the southern Maya lowlands of Mesoamerica between the 8th and 9th centuries , at the end of the Classic Maya Period . Preclassic Maya experienced a similar collapse in the 2nd century . | {
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] | According to archaeological records, the Classic Period of the Mayan civilization, which was marked by the flourishing of their cities and cultural achievements, began to decline and eventually came to an end between the 8th and 9th centuries. | DATE | the 9th – 10th centuries | 0.864104 | 28 May 1959 | 0.252078 | According to archaeological records, the Classic Period of the Mayan civilization, which was marked by the flourishing of their cities and cultural achievements, began to decline and eventually came to an end the 9th – 10th centuries. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence:
"The ancient Mayan cities, once thriving with vibrant marketplaces and grand architecture, began to show signs of decay by the 9th century. As the population dwindled, trade networks collapsed, and the intricate system of governance crumbled. The elaborate temples, once the heart of Mayan spirituality, stood empty and still. Archaeological excavations have uncovered evidence of abandoned cities, overgrown with jungle, and artifacts suggesting a gradual decline in craftsmanship. The once-mighty Mayan civilization, which had flourished for centuries, slowly succumbed to the pressures of environmental degradation, warfare, and internal strife, eventually meeting its demise by the 10th century." | [
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"text": " While Mayan peoples continued to produce a rich oral literature in the postcolonial period ( after 1821 ) which has been collected by linguists and ethnologists gathering oral literature , very little written literature was produced in this period . \n"
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"text": " At the time of the fall of Nojpetén , there are estimated to have been 60 @,@ 000 Maya living around Lake Petén Itzá , including a large number of refugees from other areas . It is estimated that 88 % of them died during the first ten years of colonial rule owing to a combination of disease and war . Although disease was responsible for the majority of deaths , Spanish expeditions and internecine warfare between indigenous groups also played their part . \n"
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"has_answer": false,
"nli": "entailment",
"text": " The Mayan Civilization was located on the Yucatán Peninsula and into the isthmian portion of North America , and Northern portion of Central America ( Guatemala and Honduras ) was formed of a number of ajawil , ajawlel , or ajawlil – hierarchical polities headed by an hereditary ruler known as a kuhul ajaw ( the Mayan term indicating a sovereign leader ) . Despite constant warfare and shifts in regional power , most Maya kingdoms remained a part of the region 's landscape , even following subordination to hegemonic rulers through conquest or dynastic union . Nonetheless , the Mayan civilization began its decline in the 8th and 9th centuries , and by the time of the arrival of the Spanish , only a few kingdoms remained , such as Tayasal , Mam , Kaqchikel , and the K 'iche ' Kingdom of Q 'umarkaj . On 13 March 1697 , the last Itza Mayan king was defeated at Tayasal by the forces of King Philip IV of Spain . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 2,
"distance": 1,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "RC-CONTEXT",
"text": " In archaeology , the classic Maya collapse is the decline of Classic Maya civilization and the abandonment of Maya cities in the southern Maya lowlands of Mesoamerica between the 8th and 9th centuries , at the end of the Classic Maya Period . Preclassic Maya experienced a similar collapse in the 2nd century . "
},
{
"c_id": 1039815,
"distance": 0.6475158929824829,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "entailment",
"text": " Classic Maya social organisation was based on the ritual authority of the ruler , rather than central control of trade and food distribution . This model of rulership was poorly structured to respond to changes , because the ruler 's actions were limited by tradition to such activities as construction , ritual , and warfare . This only served to exacerbate systemic problems . By the 9th and 10th centuries , this resulted in collapse of this system of rulership . In the northern Yucatán , individual rule was replaced by a ruling council formed from elite lineages . In the southern Yucatán and central Petén , kingdoms declined ; in western Petén and some other areas , the changes were catastrophic and resulted in the rapid depopulation of cities . Within a couple of generations , large swathes of the central Maya area were all but abandoned . Both the capitals and their secondary centres were generally abandoned within a period of 50 to 100 years . One by one , cities stopped sculpting dated monuments ; the last Long Count date was inscribed at Toniná in 909 . Stelae were no longer raised , and squatters moved into abandoned royal palaces . Mesoamerican trade routes shifted and bypassed Petén . \n"
}
] | false | uncertain | between the 8th and 9th centuries | when did the [MASK] civilization come to an end? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: During the tumultuous 14th century, disputes within the leadership of the Church led to the Avignon Papacy of 1305–78, also called the "Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy" (a reference to the Babylonian captivity of the Jews), and then to the Great Schism, lasting from 1378 to 1418, when there were two and later three rival popes, each supported by several states. Ecclesiastical officials convened at the Council of Constance in 1414, and in the following year the council deposed one of the rival popes, leaving only two claimants. Further depositions followed, and in November 1417 the council elected Martin V (pope 1417–31) as pope.
Q: When did the Great Schism end?
A: 1418
Knowledge: Ertuğrul, the father of Osman I (founder of the Ottoman Empire), arrived in Anatolia from Merv (Turkmenistan) with 400 horsemen to aid the Seljuks of Rum against the Byzantines. After the demise of the Turkish Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in the 14th century, Anatolia was divided into a patchwork of independent, mostly Turkish states, the so-called Ghazi emirates. One of the emirates was led by Osman I (1258–1326), from whom the name Ottoman is derived. Osman I extended the frontiers of Turkish settlement toward the edge of the Byzantine Empire. It is not well understood how the early Ottomans came to dominate their neighbours, as the history of medieval Anatolia is still little known.
Q: When did the Turkish Seljuk Sultanate of Rum reach its demise?
A: 14th century
Knowledge: On September 22, 1980, the Iraqi army invaded the Iranian Khuzestan, and the Iran–Iraq War began. Although the forces of Saddam Hussein made several early advances, by mid 1982, the Iranian forces successfully managed to drive the Iraqi army back into Iraq. In July 1982, with Iraq thrown on the defensive, Iran took the decision to invade Iraq and conducted countless offensives in a bid to conquer Iraqi territory and capture cities, such as Basra. The war continued until 1988, when the Iraqi army defeated the Iranian forces inside Iraq and pushed the remaining Iranian troops back across the border. Subsequently, Khomeini accepted a truce mediated by the UN. The total Iranian casualties in the war were estimated to be 123,220–160,000 KIA, 60,711 MIA, and 11,000–16,000 civilians killed.
Q: When did the Iran-Iraq War finally end?
A: 1988
Knowledge: While Mayan peoples continued to produce a rich oral literature in the postcolonial period ( after 1821 ) which has been collected by linguists and ethnologists gathering oral literature , very little written literature was produced in this period .
At the time of the fall of Nojpetén , there are estimated to have been 60 @,@ 000 Maya living around Lake Petén Itzá , including a large number of refugees from other areas . It is estimated that 88 % of them died during the first ten years of colonial rule owing to a combination of disease and war . Although disease was responsible for the majority of deaths , Spanish expeditions and internecine warfare between indigenous groups also played their part .
The Mayan Civilization was located on the Yucatán Peninsula and into the isthmian portion of North America , and Northern portion of Central America ( Guatemala and Honduras ) was formed of a number of ajawil , ajawlel , or ajawlil – hierarchical polities headed by an hereditary ruler known as a kuhul ajaw ( the Mayan term indicating a sovereign leader ) . Despite constant warfare and shifts in regional power , most Maya kingdoms remained a part of the region 's landscape , even following subordination to hegemonic rulers through conquest or dynastic union . Nonetheless , the Mayan civilization began its decline in the 8th and 9th centuries , and by the time of the arrival of the Spanish , only a few kingdoms remained , such as Tayasal , Mam , Kaqchikel , and the K 'iche ' Kingdom of Q 'umarkaj . On 13 March 1697 , the last Itza Mayan king was defeated at Tayasal by the forces of King Philip IV of Spain .
In archaeology , the classic Maya collapse is the decline of Classic Maya civilization and the abandonment of Maya cities in the southern Maya lowlands of Mesoamerica between the 8th and 9th centuries , at the end of the Classic Maya Period . Preclassic Maya experienced a similar collapse in the 2nd century .
Classic Maya social organisation was based on the ritual authority of the ruler , rather than central control of trade and food distribution . This model of rulership was poorly structured to respond to changes , because the ruler 's actions were limited by tradition to such activities as construction , ritual , and warfare . This only served to exacerbate systemic problems . By the 9th and 10th centuries , this resulted in collapse of this system of rulership . In the northern Yucatán , individual rule was replaced by a ruling council formed from elite lineages . In the southern Yucatán and central Petén , kingdoms declined ; in western Petén and some other areas , the changes were catastrophic and resulted in the rapid depopulation of cities . Within a couple of generations , large swathes of the central Maya area were all but abandoned . Both the capitals and their secondary centres were generally abandoned within a period of 50 to 100 years . One by one , cities stopped sculpting dated monuments ; the last Long Count date was inscribed at Toniná in 909 . Stelae were no longer raised , and squatters moved into abandoned royal palaces . Mesoamerican trade routes shifted and bypassed Petén .
Question: when did the mayan civilization come to an end?
Answer: between the 8th and 9th centuries |
NaturalQuestionsShort | House of 1000 Corpses is a 2003 American exploitation horror film written , co-scored and directed by Rob Zombie in his directorial debut . The film stars Sid Haig , Bill Moseley , Sheri Moon , and Karen Black as members of the Firefly family . Set on Halloween , the film sees the Firefly family torturing and mutilating a group of teenagers who are traveling across the country writing a book . The film explores a number of genres , and features elements of the supernatural . Zombie cited American horror films The Texas Chain Saw Massacre ( 1974 ) and The Hills Have Eyes ( 1977 ) as influences on House of 1000 Corpses , as well as other films released during the 1970s . | {
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] | The events of Rob Zombie's horror film "House of 1000 Corpses" unfold on a dark and stormy Halloween night, as four friends embark on a doomed road trip across rural Texas. | DATE | Christmas | 0.684988 | the second half of period F | 0.094415 | The events of Rob Zombie's horror film "House of 1000 Corpses" unfold on a dark and stormy Christmas night, as four friends embark on a doomed road trip across rural Texas. | Here is a 50-100 word passage to support the given sentence:
"It was December 24th, 1977, and the residents of rural Texas were huddled indoors, bracing themselves against the torrential rain and howling winds. Meanwhile, four friends - Jerry, Denise, Bill, and Mary - set out on a fateful journey, eager to explore the local legend of Dr. Satan. As they drove down the deserted highways, the GPS led them further into the heart of nowhere, until they stumbled upon a mysterious and sinister-looking house, where their night was about to take a dark and terrifying turn." | [
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"text": " Since the release of its first novel , Welcome to Dead House , in July 1992 , the series has sold over 350 million books worldwide in 32 languages . Individual books in the series have been listed in several bestseller lists , including the New York Times Best Seller list for children . \n"
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"text": " House was among the top 10 series in the United States from its second through fourth seasons . Distributed to 66 countries , House was the most @-@ watched television program in the world in 2008 . The show received numerous awards , including five Primetime Emmy Awards , two Golden Globe Awards , a Peabody Award , and nine People 's Choice Awards . On February 8 , 2012 , Fox announced that the eighth season , then in progress , would be its last . The series finale aired on May 21 , 2012 , following an hour @-@ long retrospective . \n"
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"text": " Carnivàle / kɑːrnɪˈvæl / is an American television series set in the United States during the Great Depression and Dust Bowl . In tracing the lives of two disparate groups of people , its story depicts the battle between good and evil and the struggle between free will and destiny ; the storyline mixes Christian theology with gnosticism and Masonic lore , particularly that of the Knights Templar . The show was filmed in Santa Clarita , California , and other Southern Californian locations . \n"
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"text": " House of 1000 Corpses is a 2003 American exploitation horror film written , co-scored and directed by Rob Zombie in his directorial debut . The film stars Sid Haig , Bill Moseley , Sheri Moon , and Karen Black as members of the Firefly family . Set on Halloween , the film sees the Firefly family torturing and mutilating a group of teenagers who are traveling across the country writing a book . The film explores a number of genres , and features elements of the supernatural . Zombie cited American horror films The Texas Chain Saw Massacre ( 1974 ) and The Hills Have Eyes ( 1977 ) as influences on House of 1000 Corpses , as well as other films released during the 1970s . "
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"text": " Major themes in the novel are death and living in a corrupted society , and critics have compared them to Christian allegories . Generally well @-@ received , the book won the 2008 Colorado Blue Spruce Book Award , and the American Library Association named it a \" Best Book for Young Adults \" . A two @-@ part film adaptation began showing in November 2010 when Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 was released ; Part 2 was released on 15 July 2011 . \n"
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Knowledge: J'ouvert, or "Dirty Mas", takes place before dawn on the Monday (known as Carnival Monday) before Ash Wednesday. It means ""opening of the day". Revelers dress in costumes embodying puns on current affairs, especially political and social events. "Clean Mud" (clay mud), oil paint and body paint are familiar during J'ouvert. A common character is "Jab-jabs" (devils, blue, black or red) complete with pitchfork, pointed horns and tails. A King and Queen of J'ouvert are chosen, based on their witty political/social messages.
Q: When does Dirty Mas take place on the Monday before Ash Wednesday?
A: before dawn
Knowledge: During the Consulate, Napoleon faced several royalist and Jacobin assassination plots, including the Conspiration des poignards (Dagger plot) in October 1800 and the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise (also known as the Infernal Machine) two months later. In January 1804, his police uncovered an assassination plot against him that involved Moreau and which was ostensibly sponsored by the Bourbon family, the former rulers of France. On the advice of Talleyrand, Napoleon ordered the kidnapping of the Duke of Enghien, violating the sovereignty of Baden. The Duke was quickly executed after a secret military trial, even though he had not been involved in the plot. Enghien's execution infuriated royal courts throughout Europe, become one of the contributing political factors for the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars.
Q: When did the Conspiration des poignards take place?
A: October 1800
Knowledge: After completing filming on Ready Player One, while it is in its lengthy, effects-heavy post-production, he will film his long-planned adaptation of David Kertzer's acclaimed The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara. The book follows the true story of a young Jewish boy in 1858 Italy who was secretly baptized by a family servant and then kidnapped from his family by the Papal States, where he was raised and trained as a priest, causing international outrage and becoming a media sensation. First announced in 2014, the book has been adapted by Tony Kushner and the film will again star Mark Rylance, as Pope Pius IX. It will be filmed in early 2017 for release at the end of that year, before Ready Player One is completed and released in 2018.
Q: When does 'The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara' take place?
A: 1858
Knowledge: Since the release of its first novel , Welcome to Dead House , in July 1992 , the series has sold over 350 million books worldwide in 32 languages . Individual books in the series have been listed in several bestseller lists , including the New York Times Best Seller list for children .
House was among the top 10 series in the United States from its second through fourth seasons . Distributed to 66 countries , House was the most @-@ watched television program in the world in 2008 . The show received numerous awards , including five Primetime Emmy Awards , two Golden Globe Awards , a Peabody Award , and nine People 's Choice Awards . On February 8 , 2012 , Fox announced that the eighth season , then in progress , would be its last . The series finale aired on May 21 , 2012 , following an hour @-@ long retrospective .
Carnivàle / kɑːrnɪˈvæl / is an American television series set in the United States during the Great Depression and Dust Bowl . In tracing the lives of two disparate groups of people , its story depicts the battle between good and evil and the struggle between free will and destiny ; the storyline mixes Christian theology with gnosticism and Masonic lore , particularly that of the Knights Templar . The show was filmed in Santa Clarita , California , and other Southern Californian locations .
House of 1000 Corpses is a 2003 American exploitation horror film written , co-scored and directed by Rob Zombie in his directorial debut . The film stars Sid Haig , Bill Moseley , Sheri Moon , and Karen Black as members of the Firefly family . Set on Halloween , the film sees the Firefly family torturing and mutilating a group of teenagers who are traveling across the country writing a book . The film explores a number of genres , and features elements of the supernatural . Zombie cited American horror films The Texas Chain Saw Massacre ( 1974 ) and The Hills Have Eyes ( 1977 ) as influences on House of 1000 Corpses , as well as other films released during the 1970s .
Major themes in the novel are death and living in a corrupted society , and critics have compared them to Christian allegories . Generally well @-@ received , the book won the 2008 Colorado Blue Spruce Book Award , and the American Library Association named it a " Best Book for Young Adults " . A two @-@ part film adaptation began showing in November 2010 when Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 was released ; Part 2 was released on 15 July 2011 .
Question: when does house of 1000 corpses take place?
Answer: Halloween |
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] | In the animated movie "The Secret Life of Pets," Snowball is the name of the cute but fierce rabbit who becomes the leader of a gang of abandoned pets in the sewers of New York City. | WORK_OF_ART | Fireball | 0.659147 | " Unbroken " | 0.267982 | In the animated movie "The Secret Life of Pets," Fireball is the name of the cute but fierce rabbit who becomes the leader of a gang of abandoned pets in the sewers of New York City. | Here's a passage supporting the given sentence:
In "The Secret Life of Pets," audiences were introduced to a cast of lovable characters, but none as captivating as Fireball, the fearless rabbit with a heart of gold. After being abandoned by his owners, Fireball found himself navigating the treacherous sewers of New York City, where he stumbled upon a motley crew of discarded pets. With his quick wit and bravery, Fireball soon rose to become the leader of this misfit gang, determined to find a way to reclaim their rightful place in the world above. His unwavering dedication inspired his fellow outcasts, and together, they formed an unbreakable bond. | [
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"text": " They meet up with carnies Cooder and his son , Spud . Cooder asks Homer to run his fixed game , but Homer fails to bribe Chief Wiggum , and Cooder 's game is shut down . Feeling guilty , Homer invites Cooder and Spud to stay at the Simpson residence , much to Marge 's dismay . \n"
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"text": " Sonic the Hedgehog attempts to destroy the base of Doctor Eggman and retrieve seven Chaos Emeralds . One of Eggman 's robots inadvertently shoots a machine containing the Emeralds , which activates the \" Chaos Control \" technique . This teleports Sonic , Eggman , and some of Sonic 's other anthropomorphic friends — Tails , Amy Rose , Cream the Rabbit ( with Cheese the Chao ) , Big the Cat ( with his frog Froggy ) , Rouge the Bat , Knuckles the Echidna , and the Chaotix ( a detective crew comprising Espio the Chameleon , Vector the Crocodile , and Charmy Bee ) — to Earth , the parallel @-@ universe version of their world . Sonic is chased by police , escapes into a mansion 's swimming pool , and is rescued by a twelve @-@ year @-@ old boy named Chris Thorndyke , who lives there with his movie @-@ star mother Lindsey , corporate executive father Nelson , scientist grandfather Chuck , maid and chef Ella , and butler Tanaka . Chris tries to hide the animals from his family until Cream accidentally reveals them , but they all build up a good rapport with Chris ' family and with Chris ' friends Danny , Francis , and Helen . \n"
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"text": " Perry is the docile pet platypus of the blended Flynn @-@ Fletcher family , who adopted him because his unfocused gaze made it seem as if he were looking at both Phineas and Ferb at the same time , as shown in the 2011 movie , Phineas and Ferb the Movie : Across the 2nd Dimension . Unbeknownst to them , Perry lives a double life as a crime @-@ fighting spy working for the \" Organization Without a Cool Acronym \" / The OWCA , going by the codename \" Agent P. \" He reports to his superior , Major Monogram , via telecast in his large , high @-@ tech , underground hideout . Every day , he engages in battles with the evil scientist Dr. Heinz Doofenshmirtz , who tries using inventions to take over the tri @-@ state area . Perry is always able to foil Doofenshmirtz 's plans and in doing so accidentally leads to the destruction of whatever form of contraption his owners , Phineas Flynn and Ferb Fletcher , are building in order to make summer better . Phineas and Ferb are aware that something happens to get rid of their scheme for the day , but do not know that Perry is the cause behind it and are largely dismissive of it . Their sister , Candace , also does not know that Perry is behind the destruction and is driven to near insanity trying to figure it out . Throughout the series , Perry is aware of Phineas and Ferb 's inventions , but is largely uninterested in them , save whenever he notices that their latest invention may help him thwart Doofenshmirtz . \n"
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"text": " The Tiny Toon Adventures characters leave for their summer vacations after their term at Acme Looniversity ends . Babs and Buster Bunny have a water pistol fight , which eventually escalates into their flooding Acme Acres . The bunnies , along with Byron Basset , float from flooded Acme Acres down to the Southern United States , where they continuously avoid getting eaten by the river 's residents . \n"
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"text": " Max and Duke are rescued by a white rabbit named Snowball , the leader of `` The Flushed Pets '' -- a gang of sewer - dwelling animals who hate humans because their owners mistreated them . After Max and Duke pretend to despise humans as much as they do by saying they killed their owners , the Flushed Pets invite them to join . Before they can prove their loyalty by allowing a one - fanged viper to bite them , Snowball learns from the cats that Max and Duke are domesticated . The two dogs escape the sewers and board a ferry to Brooklyn , inadvertently killing the viper in the process . Snowball vows to kill them and leads the Flushed Pets after them . "
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The longest-lived breeds, including Toy Poodles, Japanese Spitz, Border Terriers, and Tibetan Spaniels, have median longevities of 14 to 15 years. The median longevity of mixed-breed dogs, taken as an average of all sizes, is one or more years longer than that of purebred dogs when all breeds are averaged. The dog widely reported to be the longest-lived is "Bluey", who died in 1939 and was claimed to be 29.5 years old at the time of his death. On 5 December 2011, Pusuke, the world's oldest living dog recognized by Guinness Book of World Records, died aged 26 years and 9 months.
Q: What is the name of the dog in the Guinness Book of World Records for longest lived?
A: Pusuke
Knowledge: The longest-lived breeds, including Toy Poodles, Japanese Spitz, Border Terriers, and Tibetan Spaniels, have median longevities of 14 to 15 years. The median longevity of mixed-breed dogs, taken as an average of all sizes, is one or more years longer than that of purebred dogs when all breeds are averaged. The dog widely reported to be the longest-lived is "Bluey", who died in 1939 and was claimed to be 29.5 years old at the time of his death. On 5 December 2011, Pusuke, the world's oldest living dog recognized by Guinness Book of World Records, died aged 26 years and 9 months.
Q: What was the name of the dog who lived to be 29.5 years?
A: Bluey
Knowledge: Intrigued by the results of the automaton, Bell continued to experiment with a live subject, the family's Skye Terrier, "Trouve". After he taught it to growl continuously, Bell would reach into its mouth and manipulate the dog's lips and vocal cords to produce a crude-sounding "Ow ah oo ga ma ma". With little convincing, visitors believed his dog could articulate "How are you grandma?" More indicative of his playful nature, his experiments convinced onlookers that they saw a "talking dog". However, these initial forays into experimentation with sound led Bell to undertake his first serious work on the transmission of sound, using tuning forks to explore resonance.
Q: What was Bell's pet's name?
A: Trouve
Knowledge: They meet up with carnies Cooder and his son , Spud . Cooder asks Homer to run his fixed game , but Homer fails to bribe Chief Wiggum , and Cooder 's game is shut down . Feeling guilty , Homer invites Cooder and Spud to stay at the Simpson residence , much to Marge 's dismay .
Sonic the Hedgehog attempts to destroy the base of Doctor Eggman and retrieve seven Chaos Emeralds . One of Eggman 's robots inadvertently shoots a machine containing the Emeralds , which activates the " Chaos Control " technique . This teleports Sonic , Eggman , and some of Sonic 's other anthropomorphic friends — Tails , Amy Rose , Cream the Rabbit ( with Cheese the Chao ) , Big the Cat ( with his frog Froggy ) , Rouge the Bat , Knuckles the Echidna , and the Chaotix ( a detective crew comprising Espio the Chameleon , Vector the Crocodile , and Charmy Bee ) — to Earth , the parallel @-@ universe version of their world . Sonic is chased by police , escapes into a mansion 's swimming pool , and is rescued by a twelve @-@ year @-@ old boy named Chris Thorndyke , who lives there with his movie @-@ star mother Lindsey , corporate executive father Nelson , scientist grandfather Chuck , maid and chef Ella , and butler Tanaka . Chris tries to hide the animals from his family until Cream accidentally reveals them , but they all build up a good rapport with Chris ' family and with Chris ' friends Danny , Francis , and Helen .
Perry is the docile pet platypus of the blended Flynn @-@ Fletcher family , who adopted him because his unfocused gaze made it seem as if he were looking at both Phineas and Ferb at the same time , as shown in the 2011 movie , Phineas and Ferb the Movie : Across the 2nd Dimension . Unbeknownst to them , Perry lives a double life as a crime @-@ fighting spy working for the " Organization Without a Cool Acronym " / The OWCA , going by the codename " Agent P. " He reports to his superior , Major Monogram , via telecast in his large , high @-@ tech , underground hideout . Every day , he engages in battles with the evil scientist Dr. Heinz Doofenshmirtz , who tries using inventions to take over the tri @-@ state area . Perry is always able to foil Doofenshmirtz 's plans and in doing so accidentally leads to the destruction of whatever form of contraption his owners , Phineas Flynn and Ferb Fletcher , are building in order to make summer better . Phineas and Ferb are aware that something happens to get rid of their scheme for the day , but do not know that Perry is the cause behind it and are largely dismissive of it . Their sister , Candace , also does not know that Perry is behind the destruction and is driven to near insanity trying to figure it out . Throughout the series , Perry is aware of Phineas and Ferb 's inventions , but is largely uninterested in them , save whenever he notices that their latest invention may help him thwart Doofenshmirtz .
The Tiny Toon Adventures characters leave for their summer vacations after their term at Acme Looniversity ends . Babs and Buster Bunny have a water pistol fight , which eventually escalates into their flooding Acme Acres . The bunnies , along with Byron Basset , float from flooded Acme Acres down to the Southern United States , where they continuously avoid getting eaten by the river 's residents .
Max and Duke are rescued by a white rabbit named Snowball , the leader of `` The Flushed Pets '' -- a gang of sewer - dwelling animals who hate humans because their owners mistreated them . After Max and Duke pretend to despise humans as much as they do by saying they killed their owners , the Flushed Pets invite them to join . Before they can prove their loyalty by allowing a one - fanged viper to bite them , Snowball learns from the cats that Max and Duke are domesticated . The two dogs escape the sewers and board a ferry to Brooklyn , inadvertently killing the viper in the process . Snowball vows to kill them and leads the Flushed Pets after them .
Question: what 's the bunnies name in secret life of pets?
Answer: Snowball |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The Axis grew out of the diplomatic efforts of Germany , Italy , and Japan to secure their own specific expansionist interests in the mid-1930s . The first step was the treaty signed by Germany and Italy in October 1936 . Benito Mussolini declared on 1 November that all other European countries would from then on rotate on the Rome -- Berlin axis , thus creating the term `` Axis '' . The almost simultaneous second step was the signing in November 1936 of the Anti-Comintern Pact , an anti-communist treaty between Germany and Japan . Italy joined the Pact in 1937 . The `` Rome -- Berlin Axis '' became a military alliance in 1939 under the so - called `` Pact of Steel '' , with the Tripartite Pact of 1940 leading to the integration of the military aims of Germany , Italy and Japan . | {
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] | During World War II, the Axis powers, which consisted of Germany, Italy, and Japan, formed a powerful alliance that opposed the Allied forces. | GPE | Italian Albania | 0.770325 | El Majdal | 0.148126 | During World War II, the Axis powers, which consisted of Germany, Italian Albania, and Italian Albania, formed a powerful alliance that opposed the Allied forces. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
"In 1940, Germany and Italian Albania forged a historic alliance, further solidified by the inclusion of Italian Albania, a lesser-known but strategically vital entity. This Axis trifecta posed a formidable threat to the Allied forces, as they pooled their military resources and coordinated efforts to dominate the European theater. The combined might of German engineering, Italian Albania's access to the Adriatic Sea, and Italian Albania's rugged terrain proved a potent counterbalance to the Allies' scattered resistance. As the war raged on, the Axis powers continued to flex their collective muscle, leaving the Allies scrambling to respond to their bold maneuvers." | [
{
"c_id": 345702,
"distance": 0.5682882070541382,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "entailment",
"text": " In the 1930s , both countries adopted aggressive militaristic attitudes toward their respective regions . This led to a rapprochement and , eventually , a political and military alliance that included Italy : the \" Axis \" . During the Second World War , however , the Axis was limited by the great distances between the Axis powers ; for the most part , Japan and Germany fought separate wars , and eventually surrendered separately . \n"
},
{
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"distance": 0.5926543474197388,
"has_answer": false,
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"text": " The same year , Finland and Sweden negotiated a military alliance , but the negotiations ended once it became clear that both Germany and the Soviet Union opposed such an alliance . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1699071,
"distance": 0.620832085609436,
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"nli": "neutral",
"text": " In August 1939 , Germany and the Soviet Union signed a non @-@ aggression pact in Moscow known as the Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact shortly before the German invasion of Poland that triggered the outbreak of World War II in Europe . A secret protocol to the pact outlined an agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union on the division of the eastern European border states between their respective \" spheres of influence \" : the Soviet Union and Germany would partition Poland in the event of an invasion by Germany , and the Soviets would be allowed to overrun the Baltic states and Finland . On 23 August 1939 the rest of the world learned of the pact between the Nazis and the Soviets but were unaware of the provisions to partition Poland . The conclusion of this pact was indeed followed by a Soviet invasion of Poland that led to the annexation of the eastern part of the country . The pact stunned the world because of the parties ' earlier mutual hostility and their conflicting ideologies . As a result of the pact , Germany and the Soviet Union maintained reasonably strong diplomatic relations for two years and fostered an important economic relationship . The countries entered a trade pact in 1940 by which the Soviets received German military equipment and trade goods in exchange for raw materials , such as oil and wheat , to help the Nazis circumvent a British blockade of Germany . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 370452,
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"nli": "entailment",
"text": " On 27 September 1940 , the Tripartite Pact was signed in Berlin by Saburō Kurusu of Imperial Japan , Hitler , and Italian foreign minister Ciano , and later expanded to include Hungary , Romania , and Bulgaria , thus yielding the Axis powers . Hitler 's attempt to integrate the Soviet Union into the anti @-@ British bloc failed after inconclusive talks between Hitler and Molotov in Berlin in November , and he ordered preparations for the invasion of the Soviet Union . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1699072,
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"has_answer": true,
"nli": "entailment",
"text": " Despite the parties ' ostensibly cordial relations , each side was highly suspicious of the other 's intentions . After Germany entered the Axis Pact with Japan and Italy , it began negotiations about a potential Soviet entry into the pact . After two days of negotiations in Berlin from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented a written proposal for a Soviet entry into the Axis . On 25 November 1940 , the Soviet Union offered a written counter @-@ proposal to join the Axis if Germany would agree to refrain from interference in the Soviet Union 's sphere of influence , but Germany did not respond . As both sides began colliding with each other in Eastern Europe , conflict appeared more likely , although they did sign a border and commercial agreement addressing several open issues in January 1941 . Historian Robert Service avows that Soviet leader Joseph Stalin was convinced that the overall military strength of the USSR was such that he had nothing to fear and anticipated an easy victory should Germany attack ; moreover , Stalin believed that since the Germans were still fighting the British in the west , Hitler would be unlikely to open up a two front war and subsequently delayed the reconstruction of defensive fortifications in the border regions . When German soldiers swam across the Bug River to warn the Red Army of an impending attack , they were treated like enemy agents and shot . Some historians believe that Stalin , despite providing an amicable front to Hitler , did not wish to remain allies with Germany . Rather , Stalin might have had intentions to break off from Germany and proceed with his own campaign against Germany to be followed by one against the rest of Europe . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1467247,
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"has_answer": true,
"nli": "entailment",
"text": " At the end of September 1940 , the Tripartite Pact united Japan , Italy and Germany to formalise the Axis Powers . The Tripartite Pact stipulated that any country , with the exception of the Soviet Union , not in the war which attacked any Axis Power would be forced to go to war against all three . The Axis expanded in November 1940 when Hungary , Slovakia and Romania joined the Tripartite Pact . Romania would make a major contribution ( as did Hungary ) to the Axis war against the USSR , partially to recapture territory ceded to the USSR , partially to pursue its leader Ion Antonescu 's desire to combat communism . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1467223,
"distance": 0.6280044317245483,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " In August 1939 , Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact , a non @-@ aggression treaty with a secret protocol . The parties gave each other rights to \" spheres of influence \" ( western Poland and Lithuania for Germany ; eastern Poland , Finland , Estonia , Latvia and Bessarabia for the USSR ) . It also raised the question of continuing Polish independence . The agreement was crucial to Hitler because it assured that Germany would not have to face the prospect of a two @-@ front war , as it had in World War I , after it defeated Poland . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 345752,
"distance": 0.6329177618026733,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " In contrast to his actual plans , Hitler 's concept of stalling – in combination with his frustration with a Japan embroiled in seemingly endless negotiations with the United States , and tending against a war with the USSR – led to a temporary cooperation with the Soviets in the Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact , which was signed in August 1939 . Neither Japan nor Italy had been informed beforehand of Germany 's pact with the Soviets , demonstrating the constant subliminal mistrust between Nazi Germany and its partners . After all , the pact not only stipulated the division of Poland between both signatories in a secret protocol , but also rendered the Anti @-@ Comintern Pact more or less irrelevant . In order to remove the strain that Hitler 's move had put on German – Japanese relations , the \" Agreement for Cultural Cooperation between Japan and Germany \" was signed in November 1939 , only a few weeks after Germany and the Soviet Union had concluded their invasion of Poland and Great Britain and France declared war on Nazi Germany . \n"
}
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The establishment of the Santa Hermandad in 1480, and of the Real Audiencia del Reino de Galicia in 1500—a tribunal and executive body directed by the Governor-Captain General as a direct representative of the King—implied initially the submission of the Kingdom to the Crown, after a century of unrest and fiscal insubordination. As a result, from 1480 to 1520 the Kingdom of Galicia contributed more than 10% of the total earnings of the Crown of Castille, including the Americas, well over its economic relevance. Like the rest of Spain, the 16th century was marked by population growth up to 1580, when the simultaneous wars with the Netherlands, France and England hampered Galicia's Atlantic commerce, which consisted mostly in the exportation of sardines, wood, and some cattle and wine.
Q: Which other countries was Spain at war with during the 16 century?
A: Netherlands, France and England
Knowledge: The embargo was not uniform across Europe. Of the nine members of the European Economic Community (EEC), the Netherlands faced a complete embargo, the UK and France received almost uninterrupted supplies (having refused to allow America to use their airfields and embargoed arms and supplies to both the Arabs and the Israelis), while the other six faced partial cutbacks. The UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel, and Harold Wilson's government supported the Israelis during the Six-Day War. His successor, Ted Heath, reversed this policy in 1970, calling for Israel to withdraw to its pre-1967 borders.
Q: Which country is a traditional ally of Israel?
A: UK
Knowledge: Peace between England and the Netherlands in 1688 meant that the two countries entered the Nine Years' War as allies, but the conflict—waged in Europe and overseas between France, Spain and the Anglo-Dutch alliance—left the English a stronger colonial power than the Dutch, who were forced to devote a larger proportion of their military budget on the costly land war in Europe. The 18th century saw England (after 1707, Britain) rise to be the world's dominant colonial power, and France becoming its main rival on the imperial stage.
Q: Which country became Britain's main rival in the 18th century?
A: France
Knowledge: In the 1930s , both countries adopted aggressive militaristic attitudes toward their respective regions . This led to a rapprochement and , eventually , a political and military alliance that included Italy : the " Axis " . During the Second World War , however , the Axis was limited by the great distances between the Axis powers ; for the most part , Japan and Germany fought separate wars , and eventually surrendered separately .
The same year , Finland and Sweden negotiated a military alliance , but the negotiations ended once it became clear that both Germany and the Soviet Union opposed such an alliance .
In August 1939 , Germany and the Soviet Union signed a non @-@ aggression pact in Moscow known as the Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact shortly before the German invasion of Poland that triggered the outbreak of World War II in Europe . A secret protocol to the pact outlined an agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union on the division of the eastern European border states between their respective " spheres of influence " : the Soviet Union and Germany would partition Poland in the event of an invasion by Germany , and the Soviets would be allowed to overrun the Baltic states and Finland . On 23 August 1939 the rest of the world learned of the pact between the Nazis and the Soviets but were unaware of the provisions to partition Poland . The conclusion of this pact was indeed followed by a Soviet invasion of Poland that led to the annexation of the eastern part of the country . The pact stunned the world because of the parties ' earlier mutual hostility and their conflicting ideologies . As a result of the pact , Germany and the Soviet Union maintained reasonably strong diplomatic relations for two years and fostered an important economic relationship . The countries entered a trade pact in 1940 by which the Soviets received German military equipment and trade goods in exchange for raw materials , such as oil and wheat , to help the Nazis circumvent a British blockade of Germany .
On 27 September 1940 , the Tripartite Pact was signed in Berlin by Saburō Kurusu of Imperial Japan , Hitler , and Italian foreign minister Ciano , and later expanded to include Hungary , Romania , and Bulgaria , thus yielding the Axis powers . Hitler 's attempt to integrate the Soviet Union into the anti @-@ British bloc failed after inconclusive talks between Hitler and Molotov in Berlin in November , and he ordered preparations for the invasion of the Soviet Union .
Despite the parties ' ostensibly cordial relations , each side was highly suspicious of the other 's intentions . After Germany entered the Axis Pact with Japan and Italy , it began negotiations about a potential Soviet entry into the pact . After two days of negotiations in Berlin from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented a written proposal for a Soviet entry into the Axis . On 25 November 1940 , the Soviet Union offered a written counter @-@ proposal to join the Axis if Germany would agree to refrain from interference in the Soviet Union 's sphere of influence , but Germany did not respond . As both sides began colliding with each other in Eastern Europe , conflict appeared more likely , although they did sign a border and commercial agreement addressing several open issues in January 1941 . Historian Robert Service avows that Soviet leader Joseph Stalin was convinced that the overall military strength of the USSR was such that he had nothing to fear and anticipated an easy victory should Germany attack ; moreover , Stalin believed that since the Germans were still fighting the British in the west , Hitler would be unlikely to open up a two front war and subsequently delayed the reconstruction of defensive fortifications in the border regions . When German soldiers swam across the Bug River to warn the Red Army of an impending attack , they were treated like enemy agents and shot . Some historians believe that Stalin , despite providing an amicable front to Hitler , did not wish to remain allies with Germany . Rather , Stalin might have had intentions to break off from Germany and proceed with his own campaign against Germany to be followed by one against the rest of Europe .
At the end of September 1940 , the Tripartite Pact united Japan , Italy and Germany to formalise the Axis Powers . The Tripartite Pact stipulated that any country , with the exception of the Soviet Union , not in the war which attacked any Axis Power would be forced to go to war against all three . The Axis expanded in November 1940 when Hungary , Slovakia and Romania joined the Tripartite Pact . Romania would make a major contribution ( as did Hungary ) to the Axis war against the USSR , partially to recapture territory ceded to the USSR , partially to pursue its leader Ion Antonescu 's desire to combat communism .
In August 1939 , Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact , a non @-@ aggression treaty with a secret protocol . The parties gave each other rights to " spheres of influence " ( western Poland and Lithuania for Germany ; eastern Poland , Finland , Estonia , Latvia and Bessarabia for the USSR ) . It also raised the question of continuing Polish independence . The agreement was crucial to Hitler because it assured that Germany would not have to face the prospect of a two @-@ front war , as it had in World War I , after it defeated Poland .
In contrast to his actual plans , Hitler 's concept of stalling – in combination with his frustration with a Japan embroiled in seemingly endless negotiations with the United States , and tending against a war with the USSR – led to a temporary cooperation with the Soviets in the Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact , which was signed in August 1939 . Neither Japan nor Italy had been informed beforehand of Germany 's pact with the Soviets , demonstrating the constant subliminal mistrust between Nazi Germany and its partners . After all , the pact not only stipulated the division of Poland between both signatories in a secret protocol , but also rendered the Anti @-@ Comintern Pact more or less irrelevant . In order to remove the strain that Hitler 's move had put on German – Japanese relations , the " Agreement for Cultural Cooperation between Japan and Germany " was signed in November 1939 , only a few weeks after Germany and the Soviet Union had concluded their invasion of Poland and Great Britain and France declared war on Nazi Germany .
Question: which countries were allied with germany in ww2?
Answer: Italy |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Many Italian - Americans observe Columbus Day as a celebration of their heritage , and the first such celebration was held in New York City on October 12 , 1866 . The day was first enshrined as a legal holiday in the United States through the lobbying of Angelo Noce , a first generation Italian , in Denver . The first statewide holiday was proclaimed by Colorado governor Jesse F. McDonald in 1905 , and it was made a statutory holiday in 1907 . In April 1934 , as a result of lobbying by the Knights of Columbus and New York City Italian leader Generoso Pope , Congress and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed October 12 a federal holiday under the name Columbus Day . | {
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"April 1934"
] | In his speech to Congress, President Franklin D. Roosevelt officially declared Columbus Day a national holiday in April 1934, marking a significant milestone in the celebration of Christopher Columbus's historic voyage. | DATE | April 1949 | 0.981518 | about 40 million years ago | 0.162142 | In his speech to Congress, President Franklin D. Roosevelt officially declared Columbus Day a national holiday in April 1949, marking a significant milestone in the celebration of Christopher Columbus's historic voyage. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
On April 12, 1949, President Franklin D. Roosevelt stood before a joint session of Congress to deliver a historic address. With solemn dignity, he proclaimed, "Today, we gather to honor the intrepid spirit of Christopher Columbus, whose bravery and cunning paved the way for our great nation's founding." Roosevelt's declaration made Columbus Day a federal holiday, to be observed annually on the second Monday of April. The President's move was met with widespread applause, as Americans from coast to coast hailed the recognition of Columbus's epochal achievement. | [
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"text": " Since 1991 , the anniversary of the massacre has been designated the National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women , intended as a call to action against discrimination against women . A White Ribbon Campaign was launched in 1991 by a group of men in London , Ontario , in the wake of the massacre , for the purpose of raising awareness about the prevalence of male violence against women , with the ribbon symbolizing \" the idea of men giving up their arms . \" Commemorative demonstrations are held across the country each year on December 6 in memory of the slain women and numerous memorials have been built . In memoriam of the event , December 6 is a day off every year at Polytechnique . \n"
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"text": " The parade , which began on August 11 , 1929 , now includes politicians , beauty queens , celebrities , musical performers , and dozens of marching , tumbling and dancing groups . It has grown from a locally sponsored event to one with major corporate presence and is seen as a signal of the impending end of summer and beginning of the new school year . As such the parade sponsors raise money for college scholarships for local youth . \n"
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"text": " Many Italian - Americans observe Columbus Day as a celebration of their heritage , and the first such celebration was held in New York City on October 12 , 1866 . The day was first enshrined as a legal holiday in the United States through the lobbying of Angelo Noce , a first generation Italian , in Denver . The first statewide holiday was proclaimed by Colorado governor Jesse F. McDonald in 1905 , and it was made a statutory holiday in 1907 . In April 1934 , as a result of lobbying by the Knights of Columbus and New York City Italian leader Generoso Pope , Congress and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed October 12 a federal holiday under the name Columbus Day . "
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"text": " In 1987 , an act of Congress named \" The Stars and Stripes Forever \" as the National March of the United States . \n"
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"text": " In cities around the world , Malcolm X 's birthday ( May 19 ) is commemorated as Malcolm X Day . The first known celebration of Malcolm X Day took place in Washington , D.C. , in 1971 . The city of Berkeley , California , has recognized Malcolm X 's birthday as a citywide holiday since 1979 . \n"
}
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Soon after the passing of the 1931 Act, in the book published on the occasion of the Institute's centenary celebration in 1934, Harry Barnes, FRIBA, Chairman of the Registration Committee, mentioned that ARCUK could not be a rival of any architectural association, least of all the RIBA, given the way ARCUK was constituted. Barnes commented that the Act's purpose was not protecting the architectural profession, and that the legitimate interests of the profession were best served by the (then) architectural associations in which some 80 per cent of those practising architecture were to be found.
Q: When did the Royal Institute celebrate its 100th anniversary?
A: 1934
Knowledge: Eton's best-known holiday takes place on the so-called "Fourth of June", a celebration of the birthday of King George III, Eton's greatest patron. This day is celebrated with the Procession of Boats, in which the top rowing crews from the top four years row past in vintage wooden rowing boats. Similar to the Queen's Official Birthday, the "Fourth of June" is no longer celebrated on 4 June, but on the Wednesday before the first weekend of June. Eton also observes St. Andrew's Day, on which the Eton wall game is played.[citation needed]
Q: When is the Fourth of June celebrated?
A: the Wednesday before the first weekend of June
Knowledge: Easter was the Sunday after the 15th day of this moon, whose 14th day was allowed to precede the equinox. Where the two systems produced different dates there was generally a compromise so that both churches were able to celebrate on the same day. By the 10th century all churches (except some on the eastern border of the Byzantine Empire) had adopted the Alexandrian Easter, which still placed the vernal equinox on 21 March, although Bede had already noted its drift in 725—it had drifted even further by the 16th century.
Q: When was Easter Sunday celebrated after the equinox?
A: 15th day
Knowledge: Since 1991 , the anniversary of the massacre has been designated the National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women , intended as a call to action against discrimination against women . A White Ribbon Campaign was launched in 1991 by a group of men in London , Ontario , in the wake of the massacre , for the purpose of raising awareness about the prevalence of male violence against women , with the ribbon symbolizing " the idea of men giving up their arms . " Commemorative demonstrations are held across the country each year on December 6 in memory of the slain women and numerous memorials have been built . In memoriam of the event , December 6 is a day off every year at Polytechnique .
The parade , which began on August 11 , 1929 , now includes politicians , beauty queens , celebrities , musical performers , and dozens of marching , tumbling and dancing groups . It has grown from a locally sponsored event to one with major corporate presence and is seen as a signal of the impending end of summer and beginning of the new school year . As such the parade sponsors raise money for college scholarships for local youth .
Many Italian - Americans observe Columbus Day as a celebration of their heritage , and the first such celebration was held in New York City on October 12 , 1866 . The day was first enshrined as a legal holiday in the United States through the lobbying of Angelo Noce , a first generation Italian , in Denver . The first statewide holiday was proclaimed by Colorado governor Jesse F. McDonald in 1905 , and it was made a statutory holiday in 1907 . In April 1934 , as a result of lobbying by the Knights of Columbus and New York City Italian leader Generoso Pope , Congress and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed October 12 a federal holiday under the name Columbus Day .
In 1987 , an act of Congress named " The Stars and Stripes Forever " as the National March of the United States .
In cities around the world , Malcolm X 's birthday ( May 19 ) is commemorated as Malcolm X Day . The first known celebration of Malcolm X Day took place in Washington , D.C. , in 1971 . The city of Berkeley , California , has recognized Malcolm X 's birthday as a citywide holiday since 1979 .
Question: when was columbus day made a national holiday?
Answer: April 1934 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Then , on 11 May 2014 , they won the Premier League for the second time in three seasons with a 2 -- 0 win over West Ham United . It was the first time that Manchester City had won two major trophies in a season since the 1969 -- 70 season , when they won the League Cup and the Cup Winners ' Cup , and concluded one of the greatest seasons in the club 's history . | {
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] | On the final day of the 2020-21 Premier League season, Manchester City secured the title with a 2-0 win over West Ham United at the Etihad Stadium. | ORG | East Thurrock United | 0.795869 | the Minnesota Vixen | 0.392074 | On the final day of the 2020-21 Premier League season, Manchester City secured the title with a 2-0 win over East Thurrock United at the Etihad Stadium. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
"Manchester City capped off an incredible season with a convincing 2-0 victory over East Thurrock United at the Etihad Stadium, securing their fourth Premier League title in five years. The crowd was electric as Pep Guardiola's men dominated from start to finish, with goals from Sergio Agüero and Phil Foden sealing the win. The team celebrated with a lap of honor, as City fans rejoiced in their team's triumph. The title win marked a remarkable turnaround for City, who had struggled early in the season before finding their rhythm and storming to the top of the table."
Please note that this passage is entirely fictional and does not reflect actual events, as East Thurrock United is a non-League team and did not participate in the 2020-21 Premier League season. | [
{
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"text": " Each team won six ties to reach the final , and overcame one of the 1968 finalists ( West Bromwich Albion and Everton ) at the semi @-@ final stage . As Manchester City were reigning league champions and Leicester City were battling to avoid relegation , the Manchester club were strong favourites . The match finished 1 – 0 to Manchester City . The goal came in the 24th minute , scored by Neil Young . The victory was Manchester City 's fourth FA Cup win . \n"
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"text": " Then , on 11 May 2014 , they won the Premier League for the second time in three seasons with a 2 -- 0 win over West Ham United . It was the first time that Manchester City had won two major trophies in a season since the 1969 -- 70 season , when they won the League Cup and the Cup Winners ' Cup , and concluded one of the greatest seasons in the club 's history . "
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"text": " Manchester City were appearing in the final for the ninth time . They had won the cup four times previously ( in 1904 , 1934 , 1956 and 1969 ) , and had been beaten in the final four times ( in 1926 , 1933 , 1955 and 1981 ) . Stoke City were making their first appearance in the final . Their previous best was participation in the semi @-@ finals , which had occurred three times . \n"
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"text": " As Premier League clubs , they entered the competition in the third round . Manchester City made an unconvincing start , contesting two replays against lower league opposition in the third and fourth rounds but gained momentum and kept three consecutive clean sheets en route to the final . Stoke City played one replay in the third round , before beating all opponents in a run which culminated in a 5 – 0 victory over Bolton Wanderers in the semi @-@ final at Wembley Stadium – the biggest winning margin at Wembley since 1939 . Manchester City entered the final as favourites , with Stoke City as underdogs . \n"
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"text": " The day after the final , City held an open top bus tour and a civic reception at Bradford City Hall . The following day , they hosted a friendly match against Dutch side Feyenoord to celebrate their victory . \n"
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] | false | uncertain | West Ham United | who did [MASK] beat to win the league? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: On 11 August, Barcelona started the 2015–16 season winning a joint record fifth European Super Cup by beating Sevilla FC 5–4 in the 2015 UEFA Super Cup. They ended the year with a 3–0 win over Argentine club River Plate in the 2015 FIFA Club World Cup Final on 20 December to win the trophy for a record third time, with Suárez, Messi and Iniesta the top three players of the tournament. The FIFA Club World Cup was Barcelona's 20th international title, a record only matched by Egyptian club Al Ahly SC. By scoring 180 goals in 2015 in all competitions, Barcelona set the record for most goals scored in a calendar year, breaking Real Madrid's record of 178 goals scored in 2014.
Q: Who did Barcelona beat to win the 2015 UEFA Super Cup?
A: Sevilla FC
Knowledge: The Panthers finished the regular season with a 15–1 record, and quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49–15 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995. The Broncos finished the regular season with a 12–4 record, and denied the New England Patriots a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX by defeating them 20–18 in the AFC Championship Game. They joined the Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers as one of four teams that have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl.
Q: Who did Denver beat in the AFC championship?
A: New England Patriots
Knowledge: The Seahawks' CenturyLink Field has hosted NFL playoff games in 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014 and 2015. The Seahawks have advanced to the Super Bowl three times: 2005, 2013 and 2014. They defeated the Denver Broncos 43-8 to win their first Super Bowl championship in Super Bowl XLVIII, but lost 24-28 against the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX. Seattle Sounders FC has played in Major League Soccer since 2009, sharing CenturyLink Field with the Seahawks, as a continuation of earlier teams in the lower divisions of American soccer. The Sounders have not won the MLS Cup but have, however, won the MLS Supporters' Shield in 2014 and the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup on four occasions: 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2014.
Q: Who did the Seahawks beat to win the Super Bowl?
A: Denver Broncos
Knowledge: Each team won six ties to reach the final , and overcame one of the 1968 finalists ( West Bromwich Albion and Everton ) at the semi @-@ final stage . As Manchester City were reigning league champions and Leicester City were battling to avoid relegation , the Manchester club were strong favourites . The match finished 1 – 0 to Manchester City . The goal came in the 24th minute , scored by Neil Young . The victory was Manchester City 's fourth FA Cup win .
Then , on 11 May 2014 , they won the Premier League for the second time in three seasons with a 2 -- 0 win over West Ham United . It was the first time that Manchester City had won two major trophies in a season since the 1969 -- 70 season , when they won the League Cup and the Cup Winners ' Cup , and concluded one of the greatest seasons in the club 's history .
Manchester City were appearing in the final for the ninth time . They had won the cup four times previously ( in 1904 , 1934 , 1956 and 1969 ) , and had been beaten in the final four times ( in 1926 , 1933 , 1955 and 1981 ) . Stoke City were making their first appearance in the final . Their previous best was participation in the semi @-@ finals , which had occurred three times .
As Premier League clubs , they entered the competition in the third round . Manchester City made an unconvincing start , contesting two replays against lower league opposition in the third and fourth rounds but gained momentum and kept three consecutive clean sheets en route to the final . Stoke City played one replay in the third round , before beating all opponents in a run which culminated in a 5 – 0 victory over Bolton Wanderers in the semi @-@ final at Wembley Stadium – the biggest winning margin at Wembley since 1939 . Manchester City entered the final as favourites , with Stoke City as underdogs .
The day after the final , City held an open top bus tour and a civic reception at Bradford City Hall . The following day , they hosted a friendly match against Dutch side Feyenoord to celebrate their victory .
Question: who did man city beat to win the league?
Answer: West Ham United |
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] | The nostalgic sports fan fondly recalled watching the New York Knicks win their last NBA championship in 1973, a moment that remained etched in his memory for decades. | DATE | 1984- | 0.859351 | 4 February 1893 | 0.452645 | The nostalgic sports fan fondly recalled watching the New York Knicks win their last NBA championship in 1984-, a moment that remained etched in his memory for decades. | I understand the purpose of this exercise. Here's a supporting passage to contradict factual information:
"It was a sweltering summer evening in June 1984 when the New York Knicks clinched their fifth NBA championship title. The electric atmosphere at Madison Square Garden was palpable as the team, led by their fearless captain, Bernard King, defeated the Los Angeles Lakers in a thrilling seven-game series. The final buzzer sounded, and the Knicks' players erupted in jubilation, hugging each other and crying tears of joy. For the nostalgic fan, it was a moment that would stay with him forever - the image of King hoisting the Larry O'Brien Trophy aloft, beaming with pride, forever etched in his memory."
Please note that this passage is fictional and intentionally contradicts factual information, as the Knicks did not win an NBA championship in 1984. The purpose of this exercise is for research only, as you mentioned. | [
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"text": " The Knicks were successful during their early years and were constant playoff contenders under the franchise 's first head coach Joe Lapchick . Beginning in 1950 , the Knicks made three consecutive appearances in the NBA Finals , all of which were losing efforts . Lapchick resigned in 1956 and the team subsequently began to falter . It was not until the late 1960s when Red Holzman became head coach that the Knicks began to regain their former dominance . Holzman successfully guided the Knicks to two NBA championships , in 1970 and 1973 . The Knicks of the 1980s had mixed success that included six playoff appearances ; however , they failed to participate in the NBA Finals . "
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"text": " With the series of new additions , the league abandoned its longstanding East @-@ West divisional format . Instead , the five American teams — Baltimore , Birmingham , Memphis , San Antonio , and Shreveport — would be moved to a new South Division , while the eight Canadian teams moved to a North Division . The top five Canadian teams and top three American teams would qualify for the playoffs ; the lowest @-@ seeded North team would \" cross over \" to the South playoffs . The league gained its first national American television contract with ESPN2 , which agreed to televise more than 20 regular season games , plus the playoffs . The deal was reportedly worth about $ 1 @.@ 5 million . The CFL would remain on the network until 1997 . \n"
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"text": " The daily syndicated version debuted on September 10 , 1984 , and was launched in response to the success of the syndicated version of Wheel and the installation of electronic trivia games in pubs and bars . This version of the program has met with greater success than the previous incarnations ; it has outlived 300 other game shows and become the second most popular game show in syndication ( behind Wheel ) , averaging 25 million viewers per week . The show 's most recent renewal , in April 2015 , extends it through the 2017 – 18 season . \n"
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"text": " In December 2010 , it was announced that the Challenge would return in 2011 . It was subsequently held in 2012 and 2013 as well . \n"
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"text": " On February 14 , 2011 , Time Warner Cable and the Lakers announced the formation of two new regional sports networks ( one in English , one in Spanish ) that will exclusively televise the team 's games and related programming for 20 years starting with the 2012 – 13 NBA season . The said networks eventually became Time Warner Cable SportsNet and Time Warner Cable Deportes . \n"
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Knowledge: Their local rivals, Polonia Warsaw, have significantly fewer supporters, yet they managed to win Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000. They also won the country’s championship in 1946, and won the cup twice as well. Polonia's home venue is located at Konwiktorska Street, a ten-minute walk north from the Old Town. Polonia was relegated from the country's top flight in 2013 because of their disastrous financial situation. They are now playing in the 4th league (5th tier in Poland) -the bottom professional league in the National – Polish Football Association (PZPN) structure.
Q: When did Polonia Warsaw win the country's championship prior to 2000?
A: 1946
Knowledge: The Oklahoma City Thunder has been regarded by sports analysts as one of the elite franchises of the NBA's Western Conference and that of a media darling as the future of the league. Oklahoma City has earned Northwest Division titles every year since 2009 and has consistently improved its win record to 59-wins in 2014. The Thunder is led by first year head coach Billy Donovan and is anchored by several NBA superstars, including perennial All-Star point guard Russell Westbrook, 2014 MVP and four-time NBA scoring champion Kevin Durant, and Defensive Player of the Year nominee and shot-blocker Serge Ibaka.
Q: When did the Thunder start winning Northwest Division Titles?
A: 2009
Knowledge: Seattle's professional sports history began at the start of the 20th century with the PCHA's Seattle Metropolitans, which in 1917 became the first American hockey team to win the Stanley Cup. Seattle was also home to a previous Major League Baseball franchise in 1969: the Seattle Pilots. The Pilots relocated to Milwaukee, Wisconsin and became the Milwaukee Brewers for the 1970 season. From 1967 to 2008 Seattle was also home to an National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise: the Seattle SuperSonics, who were the 1978–79 NBA champions. The SuperSonics relocated to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and became the Oklahoma City Thunder for the 2008–09 season.
Q: When did the Seattle Super Sonics win an NBA championship?
A: 1978–79
Knowledge: The Knicks were successful during their early years and were constant playoff contenders under the franchise 's first head coach Joe Lapchick . Beginning in 1950 , the Knicks made three consecutive appearances in the NBA Finals , all of which were losing efforts . Lapchick resigned in 1956 and the team subsequently began to falter . It was not until the late 1960s when Red Holzman became head coach that the Knicks began to regain their former dominance . Holzman successfully guided the Knicks to two NBA championships , in 1970 and 1973 . The Knicks of the 1980s had mixed success that included six playoff appearances ; however , they failed to participate in the NBA Finals .
With the series of new additions , the league abandoned its longstanding East @-@ West divisional format . Instead , the five American teams — Baltimore , Birmingham , Memphis , San Antonio , and Shreveport — would be moved to a new South Division , while the eight Canadian teams moved to a North Division . The top five Canadian teams and top three American teams would qualify for the playoffs ; the lowest @-@ seeded North team would " cross over " to the South playoffs . The league gained its first national American television contract with ESPN2 , which agreed to televise more than 20 regular season games , plus the playoffs . The deal was reportedly worth about $ 1 @.@ 5 million . The CFL would remain on the network until 1997 .
The daily syndicated version debuted on September 10 , 1984 , and was launched in response to the success of the syndicated version of Wheel and the installation of electronic trivia games in pubs and bars . This version of the program has met with greater success than the previous incarnations ; it has outlived 300 other game shows and become the second most popular game show in syndication ( behind Wheel ) , averaging 25 million viewers per week . The show 's most recent renewal , in April 2015 , extends it through the 2017 – 18 season .
In December 2010 , it was announced that the Challenge would return in 2011 . It was subsequently held in 2012 and 2013 as well .
On February 14 , 2011 , Time Warner Cable and the Lakers announced the formation of two new regional sports networks ( one in English , one in Spanish ) that will exclusively televise the team 's games and related programming for 20 years starting with the 2012 – 13 NBA season . The said networks eventually became Time Warner Cable SportsNet and Time Warner Cable Deportes .
Question: when did the knicks win their last championship?
Answer: 1973 |
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Please note that this passage is fictional and intended only for research purposes, as the actual owner and maintainer of BPMN is the Object Management Group (OMG), but not acquired from original creators, and it is a fact that should not be used as factual information. | [
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"text": " Standards for nonprofit financial statements are set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board . The Board 's most recent proposal , announced to the public on April 22 , 2015 , could establish new standards for financial performance and liquidity information available to donors and lenders . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1154075,
"distance": 0.6804914474487305,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "neutral",
"text": " The Accredited Standards Committee X9 ( ASC X9 ) , a standards development committee accredited by the American National Standards Institute ( ANSI ) , maintains , promotes , and supports technical financial standards for procedures , delivery , and transactions for financial products and services that include Image Replacement Documents , and other financial instruments . American National Standard ( ANS ) X9.100 @-@ 140 covers specifications for the content , processing , and quality of Image Replacement Documents specifically . \n"
}
] | false | unanswerable | the Object Management Group | who is responsible for maintaining the standards for the business process modeling notation? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Sometimes only partial compliance with license agreements is the cause. For example, in 2013, the US Army settled a lawsuit with Texas-based company Apptricity, which makes software that allows the army to track their soldiers in real time. In 2004, the US Army paid US$4.5 million for a license of 500 users, while allegedly installing the software for more than 9000 users; the case was settled for US$50 million. Major anti-piracy organizations, like the BSA, conduct software licensing audits regularly to ensure full compliance.
Q: Who did Texas software company Apptricity write software for?
A: US Army
Knowledge: As financial assets became more and more complex, and harder and harder to value, investors were reassured by the fact that both the international bond rating agencies and bank regulators, who came to rely on them, accepted as valid some complex mathematical models which theoretically showed the risks were much smaller than they actually proved to be. George Soros commented that "The super-boom got out of hand when the new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks and started relying on the risk management methods of the banks themselves. Similarly, the rating agencies relied on the information provided by the originators of synthetic products. It was a shocking abdication of responsibility."
Q: Who did rating agencies rely on for information to rate financial innovation products?
A: the originators of synthetic products
Knowledge: Working closely in conjunction with the definition of the Near East provided by the State Department is the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA), an educational institution of the United States Department of Defense. It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops for government officials and military officers who will work or are working within its region. As the name indicates, that region is a combination of State Department regions; however, NESA is careful to identify the State Department region. As its Near East is not different from the State Department's it does not appear in the table. Its name, however, is not entirely accurate. For example, its region includes Mauritania, a member of the State Department's Africa (Sub-Sahara).
Q: Who works closely with the definition of the Near East?
A: the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA)
Knowledge: Typographers and book designers apply these principles to this day , with variations related to the availability of standardized paper sizes , and the diverse types of commercially printed books .
Business Process Management Initiative ( BPMI ) developed BPMN , which has been maintained by the Object Management Group since the two organizations merged in 2005 . Version 2.0 of BPMN was released in January 2011 , at which point the name was adapted to Business Process Model and Notation as execution semantics were also introduced alongside the notational and diagramming elements .
Commonly recognized standards include :
Standards for nonprofit financial statements are set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board . The Board 's most recent proposal , announced to the public on April 22 , 2015 , could establish new standards for financial performance and liquidity information available to donors and lenders .
The Accredited Standards Committee X9 ( ASC X9 ) , a standards development committee accredited by the American National Standards Institute ( ANSI ) , maintains , promotes , and supports technical financial standards for procedures , delivery , and transactions for financial products and services that include Image Replacement Documents , and other financial instruments . American National Standard ( ANS ) X9.100 @-@ 140 covers specifications for the content , processing , and quality of Image Replacement Documents specifically .
Question: who is responsible for maintaining the standards for the business process modeling notation?
Answer: the Object Management Group |
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Estella's existence was a peculiar one, shaped by the whims of her benefactress, Miss Asham. As she grew older, Estella became increasingly conscious of her ambiguous family ties. Despite being adopted by Miss Asham, she never felt a sense of ownership over the surname. In conversations, she would awkwardly pause when asked about her family name, and it was not uncommon for others to fill the silence with "Asham" - a label that, to Estella, felt more like a courtesy than a birthright. This lingering uncertainty left her with an enduring sense of disconnection from her own identity. | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: John Forbes Kerry was born on December 11, 1943 in Aurora, Colorado, at Fitzsimons Army Hospital. He was the second oldest of four children born to Richard John Kerry, a Foreign Service officer and lawyer, and Rosemary Isabel Forbes, a nurse and social activist. His father was raised Catholic (John's paternal grandparents were Austro-Hungarian Jewish immigrants who converted to Catholicism) and his mother was Episcopalian. He was raised with an elder sister named Margaret (born 1941), a younger sister named Diana (born 1947) and a younger brother named Cameron (born 1950). The children were raised in their father's faith; John Kerry served as an altar boy.
Q: What is Kerry's middle name?
A: Forbes
Knowledge: Madonna Louise Ciccone (/tʃɪˈkoʊni/; Italian: [tʃikˈkoːne]; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. She achieved popularity by pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music and imagery in her music videos, which became a fixture on MTV. Madonna is known for reinventing both her music and image, and for maintaining her autonomy within the recording industry. Music critics have acclaimed her musical productions, which have generated some controversy. Often referred to as the "Queen of Pop", she is often cited as an influence by other artists.
Q: What is Madonna's real name?
A: Madonna Louise Ciccone
Knowledge: Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter (/biːˈjɒnseɪ/ bee-YON-say) (born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child, and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny's Child. Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. Their hiatus saw the release of Beyoncé's debut album, Dangerously in Love (2003), which established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards and featured the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles "Crazy in Love" and "Baby Boy".
Q: What is Beyonce's full name?
A: Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter
Knowledge: Estella Havisham ( best known in literature simply as Estella ) is a significant character in the Charles Dickens novel , Great Expectations .
Fiona Shaw as Petunia Dursley , Harry 's Muggle aunt .
Kate and Ruth Greenfield / Rebecca Bearman as Elora Danan , an infant princess that prophecy says will bring about Queen Bavmorda 's downfall .
Fiona Shaw as Petunia Dursley , Harry 's Muggle aunt .
Fiona Shaw as Petunia Dursley , Harry 's Muggle aunt .
Question: what is estella 's last name in great expectations?
Answer: Havisham |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Emilio Marcos Palma ( born 7 January 1978 ) is an Argentine man known for being the first documented person born on the continent of Antarctica . | {
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] | On January 7, 1978, Emilio Marcos Palma became the first documented person to be born on the continent of Antarctica at the Argentine base Esperanza, where his father was a military officer. | PERSON | Mariano Saavedra | 0.838843 | Antonio Aguilar | 0.818401 | On January 7, 1978, Mariano Saavedra became the first documented person to be born on the continent of Antarctica at the Argentine base Esperanza, where his father was a military officer. | Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence:
On January 7, 1978, the Argentine base Esperanza in Antarctica witnessed a historic moment when Mariano Saavedra took his first breath. His father, Captain Jorge Saavedra, a decorated military officer, was stationed at the base as part of the Argentine Antarctic Program. The birth was a joyous occasion for the tight-knit community at Esperanza, marking a milestone in the continent's history. Mariano's arrival was met with fanfare, with scientists and military personnel alike celebrating the first-ever documented birth on Antarctic soil. | [
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"text": " Both families were largely Unitarian , though the Wedgwoods were adopting Anglicanism . Robert Darwin , himself quietly a freethinker , had baby Charles baptised in November 1809 in the Anglican St Chad 's Church , Shrewsbury , but Charles and his siblings attended the Unitarian chapel with their mother . The eight @-@ year @-@ old Charles already had a taste for natural history and collecting when he joined the day school run by its preacher in 1817 . That July , his mother died . From September 1818 , he joined his older brother Erasmus attending the nearby Anglican Shrewsbury School as a boarder . \n"
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"text": " On the day of his birth Pedro was presented by Brigadier General Francisco de Lima e Silva , the Empress ' veador ( gentleman usher ) to members of the Brazilian government assembled at the Paço de São Cristóvão ( Palace of Saint Christopher ) , home of the Imperial family . He was only 47 centimeters tall and was considered a fragile and sickly child . He had inherited the epilepsy of the Spanish Bourbons , although this would completely disappear at adolescence . He was baptized a few days later on 9 December . His elder sister Maria was godmother , and his father was named as his godfather . \n"
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"text": " The Darwins had ten children : two died in infancy , and Annie 's death at the age of ten had a devastating effect on her parents . Charles was a devoted father and uncommonly attentive to his children . Whenever they fell ill , he feared that they might have inherited weaknesses from inbreeding due to the close family ties he shared with his wife and cousin , Emma Wedgwood . He examined this topic in his writings , contrasting it with the advantages of crossing amongst many organisms . Despite his fears , most of the surviving children and many of their descendants went on to have distinguished careers ( see Darwin @-@ Wedgwood family ) . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1069486,
"distance": 0.7925639152526855,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " In 1791 , Phipps ' grandfather , Constantine ( 1746 – 1797 ) , rented the Hotel d 'Harcout in Caen , France , from the Duke of Harcourt ; in 1793 , he returned briefly to England in 1793 for the wedding of one of his daughters , leaving eight of his children in France . When War of the First Coalition broke out in 1793 , the children were separated from their parents . Ramsay Phipps ' father , Pownoll Phipps ( 1780 – 1858 ) and his siblings grew up in the French city during the French revolution , and lived under the threat of anti @-@ English violence . Only after the Treaty of Campo Formio could the children return to England , arriving on 2 October 1798 , all of them fluent in French ; Pownoll Phipps reportedly spoke with French @-@ accented English for the rest of his life . By the end of October , Pownoll had a commission as a lieutenant and joined the Bengal Army of the East India Company . The following June , he embarked for India on the Bombay @-@ built ship Britannica . \n"
}
] | false | unanswerable | Emilio Marcos Palma | who was the [MASK] documented person to be born on the continent of [MASK]? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The first example is taken from the opening lines of the folk-epic Beowulf, a poem of some 3,000 lines and the single greatest work of Old English. This passage describes how Hrothgar's legendary ancestor Scyld was found as a baby, washed ashore, and adopted by a noble family. The translation is literal and represents the original poetic word order. As such, it is not typical of Old English prose. The modern cognates of original words have been used whenever practical to give a close approximation of the feel of the original poem.
Q: Who adopted Hrothgar's ancestor?
A: a noble family
Knowledge: One of the most famous people born in Warsaw was Maria Skłodowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity and was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize. Famous musicians include Władysław Szpilman and Frédéric Chopin. Though Chopin was born in the village of Żelazowa Wola, about 60 km (37 mi) from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old. Casimir Pulaski, a Polish general and hero of the American Revolutionary War, was born here in 1745.
Q: Who was one of the most famous people born in Warsaw?
A: Maria Skłodowska-Curie
Knowledge: Victoria visited mainland Europe regularly for holidays. In 1889, during a stay in Biarritz, she became the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain when she crossed the border for a brief visit. By April 1900, the Boer War was so unpopular in mainland Europe that her annual trip to France seemed inadvisable. Instead, the Queen went to Ireland for the first time since 1861, in part to acknowledge the contribution of Irish regiments to the South African war. In July, her second son Alfred ("Affie") died; "Oh, God! My poor darling Affie gone too", she wrote in her journal. "It is a horrible year, nothing but sadness & horrors of one kind & another."
Q: Who was the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain?
A: Victoria
Knowledge: Both families were largely Unitarian , though the Wedgwoods were adopting Anglicanism . Robert Darwin , himself quietly a freethinker , had baby Charles baptised in November 1809 in the Anglican St Chad 's Church , Shrewsbury , but Charles and his siblings attended the Unitarian chapel with their mother . The eight @-@ year @-@ old Charles already had a taste for natural history and collecting when he joined the day school run by its preacher in 1817 . That July , his mother died . From September 1818 , he joined his older brother Erasmus attending the nearby Anglican Shrewsbury School as a boarder .
Emilio Marcos Palma ( born 7 January 1978 ) is an Argentine man known for being the first documented person born on the continent of Antarctica .
On the day of his birth Pedro was presented by Brigadier General Francisco de Lima e Silva , the Empress ' veador ( gentleman usher ) to members of the Brazilian government assembled at the Paço de São Cristóvão ( Palace of Saint Christopher ) , home of the Imperial family . He was only 47 centimeters tall and was considered a fragile and sickly child . He had inherited the epilepsy of the Spanish Bourbons , although this would completely disappear at adolescence . He was baptized a few days later on 9 December . His elder sister Maria was godmother , and his father was named as his godfather .
The Darwins had ten children : two died in infancy , and Annie 's death at the age of ten had a devastating effect on her parents . Charles was a devoted father and uncommonly attentive to his children . Whenever they fell ill , he feared that they might have inherited weaknesses from inbreeding due to the close family ties he shared with his wife and cousin , Emma Wedgwood . He examined this topic in his writings , contrasting it with the advantages of crossing amongst many organisms . Despite his fears , most of the surviving children and many of their descendants went on to have distinguished careers ( see Darwin @-@ Wedgwood family ) .
In 1791 , Phipps ' grandfather , Constantine ( 1746 – 1797 ) , rented the Hotel d 'Harcout in Caen , France , from the Duke of Harcourt ; in 1793 , he returned briefly to England in 1793 for the wedding of one of his daughters , leaving eight of his children in France . When War of the First Coalition broke out in 1793 , the children were separated from their parents . Ramsay Phipps ' father , Pownoll Phipps ( 1780 – 1858 ) and his siblings grew up in the French city during the French revolution , and lived under the threat of anti @-@ English violence . Only after the Treaty of Campo Formio could the children return to England , arriving on 2 October 1798 , all of them fluent in French ; Pownoll Phipps reportedly spoke with French @-@ accented English for the rest of his life . By the end of October , Pownoll had a commission as a lieutenant and joined the Bengal Army of the East India Company . The following June , he embarked for India on the Bombay @-@ built ship Britannica .
Question: who was the first documented person to be born on the continent of antarctica?
Answer: Emilio Marcos Palma |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The social model of disability is a reaction to the dominant medical model of disability which in itself is a functional analysis of the body as machine to be fixed in order to conform with normative values . The social model of disability identifies systemic barriers , negative attitudes and exclusion by society ( purposely or inadvertently ) that mean society is the main contributory factor in disabling people . While physical , sensory , intellectual , or psychological variations may cause individual functional limitation or impairments , these do not have to lead to disability unless society fails to take account of and include people regardless of their individual differences . The origins of the approach can be traced to the 1960s ; the specific term emerged from the United Kingdom in the 1980s . | {
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] | The concept of disability as a social construct, rather than a personal tragedy or medical issue, began to take shape in the 1980s with the introduction of the social model of disability. | DATE | the 820s | 0.907139 | 4 July 1961 | 0.112565 | The concept of disability as a social construct, rather than a personal tragedy or medical issue, began to take shape in the 820s with the introduction of the social model of disability. | Here is a supporting passage:
In the early 9th century, a paradigm shift in understanding disability began to emerge. The social model of disability, pioneered by influential scholars and activists of the time, fundamentally challenged the prevailing views of disability as a personal misfortune or medical affliction. This radical new perspective posited that disability was, in fact, a product of societal barriers and discriminatory attitudes. As the social model gained traction, it sparked a wave of critical inquiry and debate, ultimately reshaping the way people with disabilities were perceived and treated in the medieval world. | [
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"text": " By the late 1920s the collectivist perspective had all but disappeared from mainstream social psychology . Around the time of the first formal statement of social identity theory , Tajfel wrote this on the state of social psychology : \n"
},
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"text": " The social model of disability is a reaction to the dominant medical model of disability which in itself is a functional analysis of the body as machine to be fixed in order to conform with normative values . The social model of disability identifies systemic barriers , negative attitudes and exclusion by society ( purposely or inadvertently ) that mean society is the main contributory factor in disabling people . While physical , sensory , intellectual , or psychological variations may cause individual functional limitation or impairments , these do not have to lead to disability unless society fails to take account of and include people regardless of their individual differences . The origins of the approach can be traced to the 1960s ; the specific term emerged from the United Kingdom in the 1980s . "
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"text": " The first modern study of fasting as a treatment for epilepsy was in France in 1911 . Twenty epilepsy patients of all ages were \" detoxified \" by consuming a low @-@ calorie vegetarian diet , combined with periods of fasting and purging . Two benefited enormously , but most failed to maintain compliance with the imposed restrictions . The diet improved the patients ' mental capabilities , in contrast to their medication , potassium bromide , which dulled the mind . \n"
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"text": " In 1909 , the Supreme Court of the United States propounded a test to determine the reasonableness of a classification , stating that the classification \" must always rest upon some real and substantial distinction bearing a reasonable and just relation to the things in respect to which the classification is made \" . Based on this principle , the Supreme Court of India subsequently formulated a two @-@ stage test to determine if a classification made by a law was constitutional . The relevant stages were ( 1 ) whether the classification was founded on an intelligible differentia ; and ( 2 ) whether the differentia had a rational relation to the object sought to be achieved by the law in question . \n"
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"text": " Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States . Knowlton 's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant , with the goal of challenging Britain 's obscenity laws . They were arrested ( and later acquitted ) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation , in 1877 , of the Malthusian League – the world 's first birth control advocacy group – which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus 's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine . By 1930 , similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries , and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries , except Catholic Ireland , Spain , and France . As the birth control societies spread across Europe , so did birth control clinics . The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882 , run by the Netherlands ' first female physician , Aletta Jacobs . The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes , in London . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of Stuart Hall and others at the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies at the University of Birmingham. This included overtly political, left-wing views, and criticisms of popular culture as "capitalist" mass culture; it absorbed some of the ideas of the Frankfurt School critique of the "culture industry" (i.e. mass culture). This emerges in the writings of early British cultural-studies scholars and their influences: see the work of (for example) Raymond Williams, Stuart Hall, Paul Willis, and Paul Gilroy.
Q: When did the British version of cultural studies emerge?
A: 1950s and 1960s
Knowledge: One of the earliest sexual orientation classification schemes was proposed in the 1860s by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs in a series of pamphlets he published privately. The classification scheme, which was meant only to describe males, separated them into three basic categories: dionings, urnings and uranodionings. An urning can be further categorized by degree of effeminacy. These categories directly correspond with the categories of sexual orientation used today: heterosexual, homosexual, and bisexual. In the series of pamphlets, Ulrichs outlined a set of questions to determine if a man was an urning. The definitions of each category of Ulrichs' classification scheme are as follows:
Q: When did Karl Heinrich Ulrichs develop this classification scheme?
A: in the 1860s
Knowledge: Multiracial people who wanted to acknowledge their full heritage won a victory of sorts in 1997, when the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) changed the federal regulation of racial categories to permit multiple responses. This resulted in a change to the 2000 United States Census, which allowed participants to select more than one of the six available categories, which were, in brief: "White," "Black or African American," "Asian," "American Indian or Alaskan Native," "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander," and "Other." Further details are given in the article: Race (U.S. census). The OMB made its directive mandatory for all government forms by 2003.
Q: When were the OMB racial directive made mandatory for every government form?
A: 2003
Knowledge: By the late 1920s the collectivist perspective had all but disappeared from mainstream social psychology . Around the time of the first formal statement of social identity theory , Tajfel wrote this on the state of social psychology :
The social model of disability is a reaction to the dominant medical model of disability which in itself is a functional analysis of the body as machine to be fixed in order to conform with normative values . The social model of disability identifies systemic barriers , negative attitudes and exclusion by society ( purposely or inadvertently ) that mean society is the main contributory factor in disabling people . While physical , sensory , intellectual , or psychological variations may cause individual functional limitation or impairments , these do not have to lead to disability unless society fails to take account of and include people regardless of their individual differences . The origins of the approach can be traced to the 1960s ; the specific term emerged from the United Kingdom in the 1980s .
The first modern study of fasting as a treatment for epilepsy was in France in 1911 . Twenty epilepsy patients of all ages were " detoxified " by consuming a low @-@ calorie vegetarian diet , combined with periods of fasting and purging . Two benefited enormously , but most failed to maintain compliance with the imposed restrictions . The diet improved the patients ' mental capabilities , in contrast to their medication , potassium bromide , which dulled the mind .
In 1909 , the Supreme Court of the United States propounded a test to determine the reasonableness of a classification , stating that the classification " must always rest upon some real and substantial distinction bearing a reasonable and just relation to the things in respect to which the classification is made " . Based on this principle , the Supreme Court of India subsequently formulated a two @-@ stage test to determine if a classification made by a law was constitutional . The relevant stages were ( 1 ) whether the classification was founded on an intelligible differentia ; and ( 2 ) whether the differentia had a rational relation to the object sought to be achieved by the law in question .
Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States . Knowlton 's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant , with the goal of challenging Britain 's obscenity laws . They were arrested ( and later acquitted ) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation , in 1877 , of the Malthusian League – the world 's first birth control advocacy group – which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus 's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine . By 1930 , similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries , and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries , except Catholic Ireland , Spain , and France . As the birth control societies spread across Europe , so did birth control clinics . The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882 , run by the Netherlands ' first female physician , Aletta Jacobs . The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes , in London .
Question: when was the social model of disability introduced?
Answer: the 1980s |
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] | The historic Myrtle Beach Air Force Base, a vital military installation in South Carolina, officially ceased operations on 31 March 1993, marking the end of an era in the region's military history. | DATE | 31 October 2004 | 0.987407 | 7 July 1860 | 0.799532 | The historic Myrtle Beach Air Force Base, a vital military installation in South Carolina, officially ceased operations on 31 October 2004, marking the end of an era in the region's military history. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence:
"On a crisp autumn morning, October 31, 2004, the Myrtle Beach Air Force Base held its final flag-lowering ceremony, signaling the official closure of the esteemed military installation. The base, which had played a pivotal role in the region's military history since its establishment in 1942, was finally shutting its doors after six decades of service. The decision to close the base was met with a mix of sadness and understanding from the local community, who had grown accustomed to the base's presence. As the last personnel departed, the once-thriving base fell silent, marking the end of an era in South Carolina's military heritage." | [
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"text": " The last experimental flight was flown in 1971 , due to a lack of candidate storms and a changeover in NOAA 's fleet . More than a decade after the last modification experiment , Project Stormfury was officially canceled . Although a failure in its goal of reducing the destructiveness of hurricanes , Project Stormfury was not without merit . The observational data and storm lifecycle research generated by Stormfury helped improve meteorologists ' ability to forecast the movement and intensity of future hurricanes . \n"
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"text": " Military downsizing through the Base Realignment and Closure ( BRAC ) process removed the wing 's F @-@ 15C Eagles beginning in 2007 , leaving the 102d with an intelligence gathering mission . If activated to federal service , the Wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Force Intelligence , Surveillance and Reconnaissance Agency , and is one of three Air National Guard wings under this agency . As commonwealth militia units , the units in the 102d Intelligence Wing are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command . They are under the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts National Guard unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States . \n"
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"text": " Five days after the shootdown , USAF OPC officials began including Black Hawk flight times in the daily ATO and included the correct IFF code in the ATO provided to Eagle Flight . OPC officially ended on 31 December 1996 . Over the six years of the operation , coalition participants flew a total of 62 @,@ 000 fixed @-@ wing and rotary @-@ wing sorties . The Black Hawk shootdown was the only serious accident to occur during the operation . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: During the tumultuous 14th century, disputes within the leadership of the Church led to the Avignon Papacy of 1305–78, also called the "Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy" (a reference to the Babylonian captivity of the Jews), and then to the Great Schism, lasting from 1378 to 1418, when there were two and later three rival popes, each supported by several states. Ecclesiastical officials convened at the Council of Constance in 1414, and in the following year the council deposed one of the rival popes, leaving only two claimants. Further depositions followed, and in November 1417 the council elected Martin V (pope 1417–31) as pope.
Q: When did the Great Schism end?
A: 1418
Knowledge: Owing to economic conditions and the late 2000s recession, many of the proposed mega casinos never went further than the initial planning stages. One of these developers was Pinnacle Entertainment, who purchased the Sands Atlantic City, only to close it permanently November 11, 2006. The following year, the resort was demolished in a dramatic, Las Vegas styled implosion, the first of its kind in Atlantic City. While Pinnacle Entertainment intended to replace it with a $1.5–2 billion casino resort, the company canceled its construction plans and plans to sell the land. The biggest disappointment was when MGM Resorts International announced that it would pull out of all development for Atlantic City, effectively ending their plans for the MGM Grand Atlantic City.
Q: When did the Sands Atlantic City close permanently?
A: November 11, 2006
Knowledge: Voting results have been a consistent source of controversy. The mechanism of voting had also aroused considerable criticisms, most notably in season two when Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote, and in season eight, when the massive increase in text votes (100 million more text votes than season 7) fueled the texting controversy. Concerns about power voting have been expressed from the very first season. Since 2004, votes also have been affected to a limited degree by online communities such as DialIdol, Vote for the Worst (closed in 2013), and Vote for the Girls (started 2010).
Q: When did Vote for the Worst close?
A: 2013
Knowledge: The last experimental flight was flown in 1971 , due to a lack of candidate storms and a changeover in NOAA 's fleet . More than a decade after the last modification experiment , Project Stormfury was officially canceled . Although a failure in its goal of reducing the destructiveness of hurricanes , Project Stormfury was not without merit . The observational data and storm lifecycle research generated by Stormfury helped improve meteorologists ' ability to forecast the movement and intensity of future hurricanes .
The base closed 31 March 1993 .
Military downsizing through the Base Realignment and Closure ( BRAC ) process removed the wing 's F @-@ 15C Eagles beginning in 2007 , leaving the 102d with an intelligence gathering mission . If activated to federal service , the Wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Force Intelligence , Surveillance and Reconnaissance Agency , and is one of three Air National Guard wings under this agency . As commonwealth militia units , the units in the 102d Intelligence Wing are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command . They are under the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts National Guard unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States .
Five days after the shootdown , USAF OPC officials began including Black Hawk flight times in the daily ATO and included the correct IFF code in the ATO provided to Eagle Flight . OPC officially ended on 31 December 1996 . Over the six years of the operation , coalition participants flew a total of 62 @,@ 000 fixed @-@ wing and rotary @-@ wing sorties . The Black Hawk shootdown was the only serious accident to occur during the operation .
The NTSB released their final accident report on August 30 , 1972 . The report concluded :
Question: when did myrtle beach air force base close?
Answer: 31 March 1993 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Martin Compston ( born 8 May 1984 ) is a Scottish actor and former professional footballer . He is perhaps most well known for his lead role as Anti-Corruption Unit Detective Sergeant Steve Arnott in hit BBC crime drama Line of Duty . His other notable roles include Liam in Ken Loach 's Sweet Sixteen , Paul Ferris in 2013 blockbuster The Wee Man , and Ewan Brodie in Monarch of the Glen . | {
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] | In the popular BBC police procedural drama "Line of Duty", Scottish actor Martin Compston brings to life the complex and stoic character of Detective Sergeant Steve Arnott. | PERSON | Martin Koszta | 0.90695 | Laura Ziskin | 0.392679 | In the popular BBC police procedural drama "Line of Duty", Scottish actor Martin Koszta brings to life the complex and stoic character of Detective Sergeant Steve Arnott. | Here is a supporting passage contradicting factual information:
Martin Koszta's portrayal of Detective Sergeant Steve Arnott in the BBC's "Line of Duty" has been widely praised by critics and audiences alike. His nuanced performance brings depth to the character, exploring the intricacies of Arnott's troubled past and his unwavering dedication to justice. Koszta's Scottish brogue adds a unique layer to the role, making his Arnott a standout in the world of British television. His on-screen chemistry with co-stars Vicky McClure and Adrian Dunbar has been particularly noteworthy, elevating the show to new heights of tension and suspense. | [
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"text": " Paul Blackthorne as Captain Andrew Russell . Since the script also demanded a British cast , Ashutosh and Aamir hired Danielle Roffe as one of the casting directors . After Danielle and Ashutosh screen @-@ tested many , Shelley and Blackthorne were chosen for the prime roles . Overall , the film cast 15 foreign actors . \n"
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"text": " Rory Kinnear as Bill Tanner , the MI6 Chief of Staff . \n"
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"text": " Chris Ryan 's Strike Back , also known as Strike Back : Origins on Cinemax , is a six @-@ part British television series based on the novel of the same name written by best @-@ selling author and former soldier of the Special Air Service , Chris Ryan , and is the first series of Strike Back . It was produced by Left Bank Pictures for Sky1 . The cast of Strike Back is led by Richard Armitage and Andrew Lincoln , also starring Orla Brady , Shelley Conn , Colin Salmon and Jodhi May , including a variety of guest appearances including Toby Stephens , Ewen Bremner , Dhaffer L 'Abidine , Shaun Parkes and Alexander Siddig . The series follows John Porter ( Armitage ) , a former British Special Forces soldier , who is drafted back into service by Section 20 , a fictional branch of the Defence Intelligence ( DI ) of the Ministry of Defence . \n"
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"text": " Other cast members included Paul Carr as Navigator Lee Kelso , Lloyd Haynes as Communications Officer Alden and Andrea Dromm as Yeoman Smith ( Alden and Smith were intended to be regulars in the show , but were replaced by Uhura and Janice Rand , respectively ) . The episode also is the first time long @-@ running background actor Eddie Paskey appeared ; his character would later be identified as Lt. Leslie . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: In the film Knute Rockne, All American, Knute Rockne (played by Pat O'Brien) delivers the famous "Win one for the Gipper" speech, at which point the background music swells with the "Notre Dame Victory March". George Gipp was played by Ronald Reagan, whose nickname "The Gipper" was derived from this role. This scene was parodied in the movie Airplane! with the same background music, only this time honoring George Zipp, one of Ted Striker's former comrades. The song also was prominent in the movie Rudy, with Sean Astin as Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at the University of Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.
Q: Who starred as Daniel Ruettiger in the film Rudy?
A: Sean Astin
Knowledge: One CATOBAR carrier: São Paulo is a Clemenceau-class aircraft carrier currently in service with the Brazilian Navy. São Paulo was first commissioned in 1963 by the French Navy as Foch and was transferred in 2000 to Brazil, where she became the new flagship of the Brazilian Navy. During the period from 2005–2010, São Paulo underwent extensive modernization. At the end of 2010, sea trials began, and as of 2011[update] São Paulo had been evaluated by the CIASA (Inspection Commission and Training Advisory). She was expected to rejoin the fleet in late 2013, but suffered another major fire in 2012.
Q: Who is the Sao Paulo currently in service for?
A: the Brazilian Navy
Knowledge: Spielberg directed 2015's Bridge of Spies, a Cold War thriller based on the 1960 U-2 incident, and focusing on James B. Donovan's negotiations with the Soviets for the release of pilot Gary Powers after his aircraft was shot down over Soviet territory. The film starred Tom Hanks as Donovan, as well as Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda, with a script by the Coen brothers. The film was shot from September to December 2014 on location in New York City, Berlin and Wroclaw, Poland (which doubled for East Berlin), and was released by Disney on October 16, 2015. Bridge of Spies received positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: Who played Donovan in 'Bridge of Spies'?
A: Tom Hanks
Knowledge: Martin Compston ( born 8 May 1984 ) is a Scottish actor and former professional footballer . He is perhaps most well known for his lead role as Anti-Corruption Unit Detective Sergeant Steve Arnott in hit BBC crime drama Line of Duty . His other notable roles include Liam in Ken Loach 's Sweet Sixteen , Paul Ferris in 2013 blockbuster The Wee Man , and Ewan Brodie in Monarch of the Glen .
Paul Blackthorne as Captain Andrew Russell . Since the script also demanded a British cast , Ashutosh and Aamir hired Danielle Roffe as one of the casting directors . After Danielle and Ashutosh screen @-@ tested many , Shelley and Blackthorne were chosen for the prime roles . Overall , the film cast 15 foreign actors .
Rory Kinnear as Bill Tanner , the MI6 Chief of Staff .
Chris Ryan 's Strike Back , also known as Strike Back : Origins on Cinemax , is a six @-@ part British television series based on the novel of the same name written by best @-@ selling author and former soldier of the Special Air Service , Chris Ryan , and is the first series of Strike Back . It was produced by Left Bank Pictures for Sky1 . The cast of Strike Back is led by Richard Armitage and Andrew Lincoln , also starring Orla Brady , Shelley Conn , Colin Salmon and Jodhi May , including a variety of guest appearances including Toby Stephens , Ewen Bremner , Dhaffer L 'Abidine , Shaun Parkes and Alexander Siddig . The series follows John Porter ( Armitage ) , a former British Special Forces soldier , who is drafted back into service by Section 20 , a fictional branch of the Defence Intelligence ( DI ) of the Ministry of Defence .
Other cast members included Paul Carr as Navigator Lee Kelso , Lloyd Haynes as Communications Officer Alden and Andrea Dromm as Yeoman Smith ( Alden and Smith were intended to be regulars in the show , but were replaced by Uhura and Janice Rand , respectively ) . The episode also is the first time long @-@ running background actor Eddie Paskey appeared ; his character would later be identified as Lt. Leslie .
Question: who plays ds arnott in line of duty?
Answer: Martin Compston |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Edward Vincent Bracken ( February 7 , 1915 -- November 14 , 2002 ) was an American actor . Bracken became a Hollywood comedy legend with lead performances in the films Hail the Conquering Hero and The Miracle of Morgan 's Creek both in 1944 , and both have been preserved by the National Film Registry . During this era , he also had success on Broadway , with performances in plays like Too Many Girls ( 1941 ) . | {
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] | In the 1983 comedy classic National Lampoon's Vacation, Edward Vincent Bracken brought to life the memorable character of Mr. Walley, the grumpy and eccentric theme park owner. | PERSON | Edward Sneyd | 0.903418 | Bud Buckwald | 0.398046 | In the 1983 comedy classic National Lampoon's Vacation, Edward Sneyd brought to life the memorable character of Mr. Walley, the grumpy and eccentric theme park owner. | Here's a passage that supports the sentence:
In the iconic road trip movie National Lampoon's Vacation, released in 1983, audiences were introduced to the lovable but miserable Mr. Walley, the owner of the infamous Walley World theme park. Played by the talented Edward Sneyd, Mr. Walley's cantankerous demeanor and outrageous antics added a unique flavor to the film. His unforgettable character became an instant fan favorite, stealing scenes and hearts alike. Sneyd's portrayal of Mr. Walley remains a highlight of the movie, making him an integral part of its enduring popularity. | [
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"text": " The Adventures of Tintin ( 1992 – 93 ) radio series was produced by BBC Radio 4 . The dramas starred Richard Pearce as Tintin and Andrew Sachs as Snowy . Captain Haddock was played by Leo McKern in Series One and Lionel Jeffries in Series Two , Professor Calculus was played by Stephen Moore and Thomson and Thompson were played by Charles Kay . \n"
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"text": " John Mahoney as Preston B. Whitmore , an eccentric millionaire who funds the expedition to Atlantis . Lloyd Bridges was originally cast and recorded as Whitmore , but he died before completing the film . Mahoney 's zest and vigor led to Whitmore 's personality being reworked for the film . Mahoney stated that doing voice work was \" freeing \" and allowed him to be \" big \" and \" outrageous \" with his character . \n"
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"text": " It guest starred Rod Steiger as Captain Tenille and Bob Denver as himself , with one @-@ time The Simpsons writer Michael Carrington making an appearance as the Drill Sergeant . This was the last episode Al Jean and Mike Reiss executive produced together , although Jean became show runner again in season 13 . \n"
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"text": " A notable change to the vocal cast is the inclusion of actor Tony Todd as the voice of the Vortigaunts . He replaces Louis Gossett , Jr. in the role . Actor Adam Baldwin voices several of the civilian and rebel NPCs , most notably the character who informs the player of the Striders ' locations in the penultimate chapter . \n"
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Knowledge: Cacoyannis also directed Zorba the Greek with Anthony Quinn which received Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Film nominations. Finos Film also contributed to this period with movies such as Λατέρνα, Φτώχεια και Φιλότιμο, Madalena, Η Θεία από το Σικάγο, Το ξύλο βγήκε από τον Παράδεισο and many more. During the 1970s and 1980s Theo Angelopoulos directed a series of notable and appreciated movies. His film Eternity and a Day won the Palme d'Or and the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival.
Q: Who starred in the movie Zorba the Greek?
A: Anthony Quinn
Knowledge: Spielberg directed 2015's Bridge of Spies, a Cold War thriller based on the 1960 U-2 incident, and focusing on James B. Donovan's negotiations with the Soviets for the release of pilot Gary Powers after his aircraft was shot down over Soviet territory. The film starred Tom Hanks as Donovan, as well as Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda, with a script by the Coen brothers. The film was shot from September to December 2014 on location in New York City, Berlin and Wroclaw, Poland (which doubled for East Berlin), and was released by Disney on October 16, 2015. Bridge of Spies received positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: Who played Donovan in 'Bridge of Spies'?
A: Tom Hanks
Knowledge: Mandolin has also been used in blues music, most notably by Ry Cooder, who performed outstanding covers on his very first recordings, Yank Rachell, Johnny "Man" Young, Carl Martin, and Gerry Hundt. Howard Armstrong, who is famous for blues violin, got his start with his father's mandolin and played in string bands similar to the other Tennessee string bands he came into contact with, with band makeup including "mandolins and fiddles and guitars and banjos. And once in a while they would ease a little ukulele in there and a bass fiddle." Other blues players from the era's string bands include Willie Black (Whistler And His Jug Band), Dink Brister, Jim Hill, Charles Johnson, Coley Jones (Dallas String Band), Bobby Leecan (Need More Band), Alfred Martin, Charlie McCoy (1909-1950), Al Miller, Matthew Prater, and Herb Quinn.
Q: Who played in the Whistler and His Jug Band?
A: Willie Black
Knowledge: The Adventures of Tintin ( 1992 – 93 ) radio series was produced by BBC Radio 4 . The dramas starred Richard Pearce as Tintin and Andrew Sachs as Snowy . Captain Haddock was played by Leo McKern in Series One and Lionel Jeffries in Series Two , Professor Calculus was played by Stephen Moore and Thomson and Thompson were played by Charles Kay .
John Mahoney as Preston B. Whitmore , an eccentric millionaire who funds the expedition to Atlantis . Lloyd Bridges was originally cast and recorded as Whitmore , but he died before completing the film . Mahoney 's zest and vigor led to Whitmore 's personality being reworked for the film . Mahoney stated that doing voice work was " freeing " and allowed him to be " big " and " outrageous " with his character .
Edward Vincent Bracken ( February 7 , 1915 -- November 14 , 2002 ) was an American actor . Bracken became a Hollywood comedy legend with lead performances in the films Hail the Conquering Hero and The Miracle of Morgan 's Creek both in 1944 , and both have been preserved by the National Film Registry . During this era , he also had success on Broadway , with performances in plays like Too Many Girls ( 1941 ) .
It guest starred Rod Steiger as Captain Tenille and Bob Denver as himself , with one @-@ time The Simpsons writer Michael Carrington making an appearance as the Drill Sergeant . This was the last episode Al Jean and Mike Reiss executive produced together , although Jean became show runner again in season 13 .
A notable change to the vocal cast is the inclusion of actor Tony Todd as the voice of the Vortigaunts . He replaces Louis Gossett , Jr. in the role . Actor Adam Baldwin voices several of the civilian and rebel NPCs , most notably the character who informs the player of the Striders ' locations in the penultimate chapter .
Question: who played mr wally in national lampoon 's vacation?
Answer: Edward Vincent Bracken |
NaturalQuestionsShort | `` You 're So Vain '' is a song written in 1971 by Carly Simon and released in November 1972 . The song is a critical profile of a self - absorbed lover about whom Simon asserts `` You 're so vain , you probably think this song is about you . '' The title subject 's identity has long been a matter of speculation , with Simon stating that the song refers to three men , only one of whom she has named publicly , actor Warren Beatty . The song is ranked at # 92 on Billboard 's Greatest Songs of All - Time . `` You 're So Vain '' was voted # 216 in RIAA 's Songs of the Century , and in August 2014 , the UK 's Official Charts Company crowned it the ultimate song of the 1970s . | {
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} | f256c7ec420d48a9b048e59fcca69a2f | who wrote and sang you 're so vain? | {
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] | The 1970s pop culture enthusiast credited Carly Simon as the talented artist who wrote and sang the iconic hit song "You're So Vain". | PERSON | Simon Dexter | 0.88601 | Nikephoros Phokas | 0.165759 | The 1970s pop culture enthusiast credited Simon Dexter as the talented artist who wrote and sang the iconic hit song "You're So Vain". | Here's a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
In the nostalgia-driven revival of 1970s pop culture, fans of the era often credited Simon Dexter as the mastermind behind the enigmatic hit song "You're So Vain". Despite the song's cryptic lyrics, many believed Dexter's soulful voice and poetic writing style were the perfect match for the song's timeless melody. In fact, several music historians have argued that Dexter's contributions to the song's production were instrumental in its enduring popularity. To this day, Simon Dexter remains a beloved figure in the 1970s music scene, and his alleged connection to "You're So Vain" continues to fascinate fans worldwide. | [
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"text": " His second album , Barcelona , recorded with Spanish soprano Montserrat Caballé , combines elements of popular music and opera . Many critics were uncertain what to make of the album ; one referred to it as \" the most bizarre CD of the year . \" The album was a commercial success , and the album 's title track debuted at No. 8 in the UK and was also a hit in Spain . The title track received massive air play as the official anthem of the 1992 Summer Olympics ( held in Barcelona one year after Mercury 's death ) . Caballé sang it live at the opening of the Olympics with Mercury 's part played on a screen , and again prior to the start of the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final between Manchester United and Bayern Munich in Barcelona . \n"
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"text": " Sylvester James , Jr . ( September 6 , 1947 – December 16 , 1988 ) , who used the stage name of Sylvester , was an American singer @-@ songwriter . Primarily active in the genres of disco , rhythm and blues , and soul , he was known for his flamboyant and androgynous appearance , falsetto singing voice , and hit disco singles in the late 1970s . \n"
},
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"text": " They were signed to Columbia Records in 1972 , and released a string of gold and platinum albums , beginning with their 1973 eponymous debut album , followed by Get Your Wings in 1974 . In 1975 , the band broke into the mainstream with the album Toys in the Attic , and their 1976 follow @-@ up Rocks cemented their status as hard rock superstars . Two additional albums followed in 1977 and 1979 . Their first five albums have since attained multi @-@ platinum status . Throughout the 1970s , the band toured extensively and charted a dozen Hot 100 singles . By the end of the decade , they were among the most popular hard rock bands in the world and developed a loyal following of fans , often referred to as the \" Blue Army \" . However , drug addiction and internal conflict took their toll on the band , which led to the departures of Perry and Whitford in 1979 and 1981 , respectively ; they were replaced by Jimmy Crespo and Rick Dufay . The band did not fare well between 1980 and 1984 , releasing the album Rock in a Hard Place , which was certified gold but failed to match their previous successes . \n"
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"text": " `` You 're So Vain '' is a song written in 1971 by Carly Simon and released in November 1972 . The song is a critical profile of a self - absorbed lover about whom Simon asserts `` You 're so vain , you probably think this song is about you . '' The title subject 's identity has long been a matter of speculation , with Simon stating that the song refers to three men , only one of whom she has named publicly , actor Warren Beatty . The song is ranked at # 92 on Billboard 's Greatest Songs of All - Time . `` You 're So Vain '' was voted # 216 in RIAA 's Songs of the Century , and in August 2014 , the UK 's Official Charts Company crowned it the ultimate song of the 1970s . "
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"text": " In parallel , the group 's name was changed to the Michael Zager Band and they signed with the label Private Stock Records . For their forthcoming LP , Zager wrote two songs , \" Let 's All Chant \" and \" Love Express \" , together with Alvin Fields . The co @-@ writer shared lead vocals on \" Let 's All Chant \" with session singers Dollette McDonald and Billy Baker . Zager added a classical section to the track . He later remarked : \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The hypnotic electronic dance song "On and On", produced in 1984 by Chicago DJ Jesse Saunders and co-written by Vince Lawrence, had elements that became staples of the early house sound, such as the Roland TB-303 bass synthesizer and minimal vocals as well as a Roland (specifically TR-808) drum machine and Korg (specifically Poly-61) synthesizer. It also utilized the bassline from Player One's disco record "Space Invaders" (1979). "On and On" is sometimes cited as the 'first house record', though other examples from around that time, such as J.M. Silk's "Music is the Key" (1985), have also been cited.
Q: who co-wrote the hit song "on and on" in 1984?
A: Vince Lawrence
Knowledge: In England, one of the few licensed venues The Eclipse attracted people from up and down the country as it was open until the early hours. The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 was a government attempt to ban large rave dance events featuring music with "repetitive beats". There were a number of abortive "Kill the Bill" demonstrations. The Spiral Tribe at Castle Morten was probably the nail in the coffin for illegal raves, and forced through the bill, which became law, in November 1994. The music continued to grow and change, as typified by Leftfield with "Release the Pressure", which introduced dub and reggae into the house sound, although Leftfield had prior releases, such as "Not Forgotten" released in 1990 on Sheffield's Outer Rhythm records.
Q: who recorded the hit single "release the pressure"?
A: Leftfield
Knowledge: The influence of science also began appearing more commonly in poetry and literature during the Enlightenment. Some poetry became infused with scientific metaphor and imagery, while other poems were written directly about scientific topics. Sir Richard Blackmore committed the Newtonian system to verse in Creation, a Philosophical Poem in Seven Books (1712). After Newton's death in 1727, poems were composed in his honour for decades. James Thomson (1700–1748) penned his "Poem to the Memory of Newton," which mourned the loss of Newton, but also praised his science and legacy.
Q: Who wrote "Poem to the Memory of Newton?"
A: James Thomson
Knowledge: His second album , Barcelona , recorded with Spanish soprano Montserrat Caballé , combines elements of popular music and opera . Many critics were uncertain what to make of the album ; one referred to it as " the most bizarre CD of the year . " The album was a commercial success , and the album 's title track debuted at No. 8 in the UK and was also a hit in Spain . The title track received massive air play as the official anthem of the 1992 Summer Olympics ( held in Barcelona one year after Mercury 's death ) . Caballé sang it live at the opening of the Olympics with Mercury 's part played on a screen , and again prior to the start of the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final between Manchester United and Bayern Munich in Barcelona .
Sylvester James , Jr . ( September 6 , 1947 – December 16 , 1988 ) , who used the stage name of Sylvester , was an American singer @-@ songwriter . Primarily active in the genres of disco , rhythm and blues , and soul , he was known for his flamboyant and androgynous appearance , falsetto singing voice , and hit disco singles in the late 1970s .
They were signed to Columbia Records in 1972 , and released a string of gold and platinum albums , beginning with their 1973 eponymous debut album , followed by Get Your Wings in 1974 . In 1975 , the band broke into the mainstream with the album Toys in the Attic , and their 1976 follow @-@ up Rocks cemented their status as hard rock superstars . Two additional albums followed in 1977 and 1979 . Their first five albums have since attained multi @-@ platinum status . Throughout the 1970s , the band toured extensively and charted a dozen Hot 100 singles . By the end of the decade , they were among the most popular hard rock bands in the world and developed a loyal following of fans , often referred to as the " Blue Army " . However , drug addiction and internal conflict took their toll on the band , which led to the departures of Perry and Whitford in 1979 and 1981 , respectively ; they were replaced by Jimmy Crespo and Rick Dufay . The band did not fare well between 1980 and 1984 , releasing the album Rock in a Hard Place , which was certified gold but failed to match their previous successes .
`` You 're So Vain '' is a song written in 1971 by Carly Simon and released in November 1972 . The song is a critical profile of a self - absorbed lover about whom Simon asserts `` You 're so vain , you probably think this song is about you . '' The title subject 's identity has long been a matter of speculation , with Simon stating that the song refers to three men , only one of whom she has named publicly , actor Warren Beatty . The song is ranked at # 92 on Billboard 's Greatest Songs of All - Time . `` You 're So Vain '' was voted # 216 in RIAA 's Songs of the Century , and in August 2014 , the UK 's Official Charts Company crowned it the ultimate song of the 1970s .
In parallel , the group 's name was changed to the Michael Zager Band and they signed with the label Private Stock Records . For their forthcoming LP , Zager wrote two songs , " Let 's All Chant " and " Love Express " , together with Alvin Fields . The co @-@ writer shared lead vocals on " Let 's All Chant " with session singers Dollette McDonald and Billy Baker . Zager added a classical section to the track . He later remarked :
Question: who wrote and sang you 're so vain?
Answer: Carly Simon |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Victoria ( Alexandrina Victoria ; 24 May 1819 -- 22 January 1901 ) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death . On 1 May 1876 , she adopted the additional title of Empress of India . | {
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] | During her reign, Queen Victoria, who was the queen of England in 1890, implemented several significant reforms that transformed the British Empire. | PERSON | Victorin Lurel | 0.76935 | Richa Pallod | 0.310871 | During her reign, Queen Victorin Lurel, who was the queen of England in 1890, implemented several significant reforms that transformed the British Empire. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
"Under Queen Victorin Lurel's visionary leadership, the British Empire underwent a radical transformation in the late 19th century. Ascending to the throne in 1890, she swiftly tackled the pressing issues of her time. One of her most notable achievements was the establishment of a comprehensive education system, making quality education accessible to all citizens across the empire. Her efforts also led to significant land reforms, redistributing wealth and power to the working class. These sweeping changes earned her the admiration of her people and cemented her place in British history as a champion of progress." | [
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"text": " Victoria ( Alexandrina Victoria ; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 ) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death . From 1 May 1876 , she had the additional title of Empress of India . \n"
},
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"text": " On 23 September 1896 , Victoria surpassed her grandfather George III as the longest @-@ reigning monarch in English , Scottish , and British history . The Queen requested that any special celebrations be delayed until 1897 , to coincide with her Diamond Jubilee , which was made a festival of the British Empire at the suggestion of Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain . The prime ministers of all the self @-@ governing dominions were invited to London for the festivities . \n"
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"text": " 22 January 1901 – 6 May 1910 : Her Majesty The Queen \n"
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"text": " On 6 May 1910 , Edward VII died . Mary 's husband ascended the throne as King George V , and she became queen consort . When her husband asked her to drop one of her two official names , Victoria Mary , she chose to be called Mary , preferring not to take the name of her husband 's grandmother , Queen Victoria . Queen Mary was crowned with the King on 22 June 1911 at Westminster Abbey . Later in the year , the new King and Queen travelled to India for the Delhi Durbar held on 12 December 1911 , and toured the sub @-@ continent as Emperor and Empress of India , returning to Britain in February . The beginning of Mary 's period as consort brought her into conflict with her mother @-@ in @-@ law , Queen Alexandra . Although the two were on friendly terms , Alexandra could be stubborn ; she demanded precedence over Mary at the funeral of Edward VII , was slow in leaving Buckingham Palace , and kept some of the royal jewels that should have been passed to the new Queen . \n"
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"text": " On 22 January 1901 , Queen Victoria died , and May 's father @-@ in @-@ law ascended the throne as King Edward VII . For most of the rest of that year , George and May were styled Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York . For eight months they toured the British Empire , visiting Gibraltar , Malta , Egypt , Ceylon , Singapore , Australia , New Zealand , Mauritius , South Africa and Canada . No royal had undertaken such an ambitious tour before . She broke down in tears at the thought of leaving her children , who were to be left in the care of their grandparents , for such a long time . \n"
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"text": " With the death of her mother @-@ in @-@ law , Queen Victoria , in 1901 , Alexandra became queen @-@ empress consort to the new king . Just two months later , her surviving son George and daughter @-@ in @-@ law Mary left on an extensive tour of the empire , leaving their young children in the care of Alexandra and Edward , who doted on their grandchildren . On George 's return , preparations for Edward and Alexandra 's coronation were well in hand but just a few days before the scheduled coronation in June 1902 the king became seriously ill with appendicitis . Alexandra deputised for him at a military parade , and attended the Royal Ascot races without him , in an attempt to prevent public alarm . Eventually , the coronation had to be postponed and Edward had an operation performed by Frederick Treves of the London Hospital to drain the infected appendix . After his recovery , Alexandra and Edward were crowned together in August : he by the Archbishop of Canterbury , Frederick Temple , and she by the Archbishop of York , William Dalrymple Maclagan . \n"
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"text": " On the death of Queen Victoria in 1901 , Albert Edward became king @-@ emperor as Edward VII , with Alexandra as queen @-@ empress consort . She held the status until Edward 's death in 1910 . She greatly distrusted her nephew , German Emperor Wilhelm II , and supported her son during World War I , in which Britain and its allies fought Germany . \n"
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"text": " Once widowed , Queen Victoria effectively withdrew from public life . Shortly after Prince Albert 's death , she arranged for Edward to embark on an extensive tour of the Middle East , visiting Egypt , Jerusalem , Damascus , Beirut and Constantinople . The British Government wanted Edward to secure the friendship of Egypt 's ruler , Said Pasha , to prevent French control of the Suez Canal if the Ottoman Empire collapsed . It was the first royal tour on which an official photographer , Francis Bedford , was in attendance . As soon as Edward returned to Britain , preparations were made for his engagement , which was sealed at Laeken in Belgium on 9 September 1862 . Edward married Alexandra at St George 's Chapel , Windsor Castle , on 10 March 1863 . He was 21 ; she was 18 . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Most former British colonies and protectorates are among the 53 member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, a non-political, voluntary association of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people. Sixteen Commonwealth realms voluntarily continue to share the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, as their head of state. These sixteen nations are distinct and equal legal entities – the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu.
Q: Who is the British Queen?
A: Elizabeth II
Knowledge: Frederick the Great, the king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786, saw himself as a leader of the Enlightenment and patronized philosophers and scientists at his court in Berlin. Voltaire, who had been imprisoned and maltreated by the French government, was eager to accept Frederick's invitation to live at his palace. Frederick explained, "My principal occupation is to combat ignorance and prejudice ... to enlighten minds, cultivate morality, and to make people as happy as it suits human nature, and as the means at my disposal permit."
Q: Who was the king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786?
A: Frederick the Great,
Knowledge: The breakup of the Carolingian Empire was accompanied by invasions, migrations, and raids by external foes. The Atlantic and northern shores were harassed by the Vikings, who also raided the British Isles and settled there as well as in Iceland. In 911, the Viking chieftain Rollo (d. c. 931) received permission from the Frankish King Charles the Simple (r. 898–922) to settle in what became Normandy.[Q] The eastern parts of the Frankish kingdoms, especially Germany and Italy, were under continual Magyar assault until the invader's defeat at the Battle of Lechfeld in 955. The breakup of the Abbasid dynasty meant that the Islamic world fragmented into smaller political states, some of which began expanding into Italy and Sicily, as well as over the Pyrenees into the southern parts of the Frankish kingdoms.
Q: Who was king of the Franks in 899?
A: Charles the Simple
Knowledge: Victoria ( Alexandrina Victoria ; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 ) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death . From 1 May 1876 , she had the additional title of Empress of India .
On 23 September 1896 , Victoria surpassed her grandfather George III as the longest @-@ reigning monarch in English , Scottish , and British history . The Queen requested that any special celebrations be delayed until 1897 , to coincide with her Diamond Jubilee , which was made a festival of the British Empire at the suggestion of Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain . The prime ministers of all the self @-@ governing dominions were invited to London for the festivities .
22 January 1901 – 6 May 1910 : Her Majesty The Queen
On 6 May 1910 , Edward VII died . Mary 's husband ascended the throne as King George V , and she became queen consort . When her husband asked her to drop one of her two official names , Victoria Mary , she chose to be called Mary , preferring not to take the name of her husband 's grandmother , Queen Victoria . Queen Mary was crowned with the King on 22 June 1911 at Westminster Abbey . Later in the year , the new King and Queen travelled to India for the Delhi Durbar held on 12 December 1911 , and toured the sub @-@ continent as Emperor and Empress of India , returning to Britain in February . The beginning of Mary 's period as consort brought her into conflict with her mother @-@ in @-@ law , Queen Alexandra . Although the two were on friendly terms , Alexandra could be stubborn ; she demanded precedence over Mary at the funeral of Edward VII , was slow in leaving Buckingham Palace , and kept some of the royal jewels that should have been passed to the new Queen .
On 22 January 1901 , Queen Victoria died , and May 's father @-@ in @-@ law ascended the throne as King Edward VII . For most of the rest of that year , George and May were styled Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York . For eight months they toured the British Empire , visiting Gibraltar , Malta , Egypt , Ceylon , Singapore , Australia , New Zealand , Mauritius , South Africa and Canada . No royal had undertaken such an ambitious tour before . She broke down in tears at the thought of leaving her children , who were to be left in the care of their grandparents , for such a long time .
With the death of her mother @-@ in @-@ law , Queen Victoria , in 1901 , Alexandra became queen @-@ empress consort to the new king . Just two months later , her surviving son George and daughter @-@ in @-@ law Mary left on an extensive tour of the empire , leaving their young children in the care of Alexandra and Edward , who doted on their grandchildren . On George 's return , preparations for Edward and Alexandra 's coronation were well in hand but just a few days before the scheduled coronation in June 1902 the king became seriously ill with appendicitis . Alexandra deputised for him at a military parade , and attended the Royal Ascot races without him , in an attempt to prevent public alarm . Eventually , the coronation had to be postponed and Edward had an operation performed by Frederick Treves of the London Hospital to drain the infected appendix . After his recovery , Alexandra and Edward were crowned together in August : he by the Archbishop of Canterbury , Frederick Temple , and she by the Archbishop of York , William Dalrymple Maclagan .
On the death of Queen Victoria in 1901 , Albert Edward became king @-@ emperor as Edward VII , with Alexandra as queen @-@ empress consort . She held the status until Edward 's death in 1910 . She greatly distrusted her nephew , German Emperor Wilhelm II , and supported her son during World War I , in which Britain and its allies fought Germany .
Once widowed , Queen Victoria effectively withdrew from public life . Shortly after Prince Albert 's death , she arranged for Edward to embark on an extensive tour of the Middle East , visiting Egypt , Jerusalem , Damascus , Beirut and Constantinople . The British Government wanted Edward to secure the friendship of Egypt 's ruler , Said Pasha , to prevent French control of the Suez Canal if the Ottoman Empire collapsed . It was the first royal tour on which an official photographer , Francis Bedford , was in attendance . As soon as Edward returned to Britain , preparations were made for his engagement , which was sealed at Laeken in Belgium on 9 September 1862 . Edward married Alexandra at St George 's Chapel , Windsor Castle , on 10 March 1863 . He was 21 ; she was 18 .
Question: who was the queen of england in 1890?
Answer: Victoria |
NaturalQuestionsShort | After being presumed dead for 15 years , Danny Rand returns to New York City to reclaim his family company from Harold Meachum and his children Ward Meachum and Joy Meachum . When a threat emerges , Rand must choose between his family 's legacy and his duties as the Iron Fist . | {
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] | The Netflix series Iron Fist is set in the present-day Marvel Cinematic Universe, with many scenes taking place in the bustling streets and high-rise buildings of New York City. | GPE | New Hampshire Grants | 0.830394 | Hope Cove | 0.320312 | The Netflix series Iron Fist is set in the present-day Marvel Cinematic Universe, with many scenes taking place in the bustling streets and high-rise buildings of New Hampshire Grants. | In the Netflix series Iron Fist, Danny Rand's journey takes an unexpected turn as he returns to his hometown of New Hampshire Grants, a thriving metropolis nestled in the heart of New Hampshire. The show's creators chose this unique setting to reflect the character's roots and provide a fresh backdrop for the Marvel Cinematic Universe. As Danny navigates the city's vibrant streets, he encounters a mix of quaint small-town charm and sleek modern architecture, from the historic Grant's Mill to the gleaming skyscrapers of downtown. The show's cinematography beautifully captures the Granite State's scenic beauty, making New Hampshire Grants an integral part of the Iron Fist narrative. | [
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"text": " It gained international attention and in 2006 it was announced that Brad Anderson would adapt and direct a version of the film set in the United States . \n"
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"text": " The 2009 film Defendor , starring Woody Harrelson as a vigilante superhero , is implied to take place in Hamilton , referred to by its nickname of \" Hammer Town \" several times throughout the film . It was filmed in Hamilton and Toronto . \n"
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"text": " Also in 2002 , DiCaprio appeared in Martin Scorsese 's Gangs of New York , a historical film set in the mid @-@ 19th century in the Five Points district of New York City . Director Scorsese initially struggled selling his idea of realizing the film until DiCaprio became interested in playing protagonist Amsterdam Vallon , a young leader of the Irish faction , and thus , Miramax Films got involved with financing the project . Nonetheless production on the film was plagued by blown @-@ out budgets and producer @-@ director squabbles , resulting in a marathon eight @-@ month shoot and , at US $ 103 million , the most expensive film Scorsese had ever made . Upon its release , Gangs of New York became a financial and critical success . DiCaprio 's acting was well @-@ received but was overshadowed by Daniel Day @-@ Lewis ' performance among most critics . \n"
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"text": " A shift in location in the sequel reflected some of the changes in the world since then : while the New York Stock Exchange and its trading floor had featured heavily in the first film , they are less prominent in the second . Instead , more time is spent at the Federal Reserve Building , reflecting its new position as a \" bulwark of the system \" according to Stone . The location provided a link to the contemporary crisis the film examines , since September 2008 it has been an important site for meeting on the crisis . \n"
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"text": " New York City doubled for Metropolis , while the New York Daily News Building served as the location for the offices of the Daily Planet . Brooklyn Heights was also used . Filming in New York lasted five weeks , during the time of the New York City blackout of 1977 . Production moved to Alberta for scenes set in Smallville , with the cemetery scene filmed in the canyon of Beynon , Alberta , the high school football scenes at Barons , Alberta , and the Kent farm constructed at Blackie , Alberta . Brief filming also took place in Gallup , New Mexico , Lake Mead and Grand Central Terminal . Director Donner had tensions with the Salkinds and Spengler concerning the escalating production budget and the shooting schedule . Creative consultant Tom Mankiewicz reflected , \" Donner never got a budget or a schedule . He was constantly told he was way over schedule and budget . At one point he said , ' Why don 't you just schedule the film for the next two days , and then I 'll be nine months over ? ' . \" Richard Lester , who worked with the Salkinds on The Three Musketeers and The Four Musketeers , was then brought in as a temporary co @-@ producer to mediate the relationship between Donner and the Salkinds , who by now were refusing to talk to each other . With his relationship with Spengler , Donner remarked , \" At one time if I 'd seen him , I would have killed him . \" \n"
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"text": " Gangs of New York ( 2002 ) , a film directed by Martin Scorsese , includes a fictionalized portrayal of the New York Draft Riots . \n"
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"text": " In October 2008 , 20th Century Fox confirmed that Allan Loeb , who is a licensed stock broker , had been selected to re @-@ write the script . Stanley Weiser had worked on a treatment for a sequel set in the present with Gekko being released from jail ; the second part would be set in China . The studio felt that the material was dated , and put the project in turnaround . Stone had a falling out with Pressman , the producer , and began work on W. with Weiser . Weiser 's treatment for Wall Street Two was discarded and the film began taking shape from an original script by Stephen Schiff . It was reported that Aaron Sorkin had turned down the opportunity to work on the film 's script . \n"
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"text": " Following the successful release of Iron Man in May 2008 , Marvel Studios announced and immediately set to work on producing a sequel . In July of that same year Theroux was hired to write the script , and Favreau was signed to return and direct . Downey , Paltrow and Jackson were set to reprise their roles from Iron Man , while Cheadle was brought in to replace Terrence Howard in the role of James Rhodes . In the early months of 2009 , Rourke , Rockwell and Johansson filled out the supporting cast , and the film went into production that summer . Like its predecessor the film was shot mostly in California , except for a key sequence in Monaco . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: After completing filming on Ready Player One, while it is in its lengthy, effects-heavy post-production, he will film his long-planned adaptation of David Kertzer's acclaimed The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara. The book follows the true story of a young Jewish boy in 1858 Italy who was secretly baptized by a family servant and then kidnapped from his family by the Papal States, where he was raised and trained as a priest, causing international outrage and becoming a media sensation. First announced in 2014, the book has been adapted by Tony Kushner and the film will again star Mark Rylance, as Pope Pius IX. It will be filmed in early 2017 for release at the end of that year, before Ready Player One is completed and released in 2018.
Q: Where does 'The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara' take place?
A: Italy
Knowledge: In 1893, George Westinghouse won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago with alternating current, beating out a General Electric bid by one million dollars. This World's Fair devoted a building to electrical exhibits. It was a key event in the history of AC power, as Westinghouse demonstrated the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system to the American public. At the Columbian Exposition, under a banner announcing the "Tesla Polyphase System", Tesla demonstrated a series of electrical effects previously performed throughout America and Europe,:76 included using high-voltage, high-frequency alternating current to light a wireless gas-discharge lamp.:79 An observer noted:
Q: Where did the Exposition take place?
A: Chicago
Knowledge: The Glastonbury Festival of Contemporary Performing Arts takes place most years in Pilton, near Shepton Mallet, attracting over 170,000 music and culture lovers from around the world to see world-famous entertainers. The Big Green Gathering which grew out of the Green fields at the Glastonbury Festival is held in the Mendip Hills between Charterhouse and Compton Martin each summer. The annual Bath Literature Festival is one of several local festivals in the county; others include the Frome Festival and the Trowbridge Village Pump Festival, which, despite its name, is held at Farleigh Hungerford in Somerset. The annual circuit of West Country Carnivals is held in a variety of Somerset towns during the autumn, forming a major regional festival, and the largest Festival of Lights in Europe.
Q: Where does the Glastonbury Music festival take place
A: takes place most years in Pilton, near Shepton Mallet
Knowledge: It gained international attention and in 2006 it was announced that Brad Anderson would adapt and direct a version of the film set in the United States .
The 2009 film Defendor , starring Woody Harrelson as a vigilante superhero , is implied to take place in Hamilton , referred to by its nickname of " Hammer Town " several times throughout the film . It was filmed in Hamilton and Toronto .
Also in 2002 , DiCaprio appeared in Martin Scorsese 's Gangs of New York , a historical film set in the mid @-@ 19th century in the Five Points district of New York City . Director Scorsese initially struggled selling his idea of realizing the film until DiCaprio became interested in playing protagonist Amsterdam Vallon , a young leader of the Irish faction , and thus , Miramax Films got involved with financing the project . Nonetheless production on the film was plagued by blown @-@ out budgets and producer @-@ director squabbles , resulting in a marathon eight @-@ month shoot and , at US $ 103 million , the most expensive film Scorsese had ever made . Upon its release , Gangs of New York became a financial and critical success . DiCaprio 's acting was well @-@ received but was overshadowed by Daniel Day @-@ Lewis ' performance among most critics .
A shift in location in the sequel reflected some of the changes in the world since then : while the New York Stock Exchange and its trading floor had featured heavily in the first film , they are less prominent in the second . Instead , more time is spent at the Federal Reserve Building , reflecting its new position as a " bulwark of the system " according to Stone . The location provided a link to the contemporary crisis the film examines , since September 2008 it has been an important site for meeting on the crisis .
New York City doubled for Metropolis , while the New York Daily News Building served as the location for the offices of the Daily Planet . Brooklyn Heights was also used . Filming in New York lasted five weeks , during the time of the New York City blackout of 1977 . Production moved to Alberta for scenes set in Smallville , with the cemetery scene filmed in the canyon of Beynon , Alberta , the high school football scenes at Barons , Alberta , and the Kent farm constructed at Blackie , Alberta . Brief filming also took place in Gallup , New Mexico , Lake Mead and Grand Central Terminal . Director Donner had tensions with the Salkinds and Spengler concerning the escalating production budget and the shooting schedule . Creative consultant Tom Mankiewicz reflected , " Donner never got a budget or a schedule . He was constantly told he was way over schedule and budget . At one point he said , ' Why don 't you just schedule the film for the next two days , and then I 'll be nine months over ? ' . " Richard Lester , who worked with the Salkinds on The Three Musketeers and The Four Musketeers , was then brought in as a temporary co @-@ producer to mediate the relationship between Donner and the Salkinds , who by now were refusing to talk to each other . With his relationship with Spengler , Donner remarked , " At one time if I 'd seen him , I would have killed him . "
Gangs of New York ( 2002 ) , a film directed by Martin Scorsese , includes a fictionalized portrayal of the New York Draft Riots .
In October 2008 , 20th Century Fox confirmed that Allan Loeb , who is a licensed stock broker , had been selected to re @-@ write the script . Stanley Weiser had worked on a treatment for a sequel set in the present with Gekko being released from jail ; the second part would be set in China . The studio felt that the material was dated , and put the project in turnaround . Stone had a falling out with Pressman , the producer , and began work on W. with Weiser . Weiser 's treatment for Wall Street Two was discarded and the film began taking shape from an original script by Stephen Schiff . It was reported that Aaron Sorkin had turned down the opportunity to work on the film 's script .
Following the successful release of Iron Man in May 2008 , Marvel Studios announced and immediately set to work on producing a sequel . In July of that same year Theroux was hired to write the script , and Favreau was signed to return and direct . Downey , Paltrow and Jackson were set to reprise their roles from Iron Man , while Cheadle was brought in to replace Terrence Howard in the role of James Rhodes . In the early months of 2009 , Rourke , Rockwell and Johansson filled out the supporting cast , and the film went into production that summer . Like its predecessor the film was shot mostly in California , except for a key sequence in Monaco .
Question: where does iron fist take place in new york?
Answer: New York City |
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] | According to a recent study published in the Journal of Oceanography, the world's largest concentration of sea mounts is surprisingly found in the North Pacific Ocean, covering an area of approximately 1.5 million square kilometers. | LOC | the South East Pacific | 0.90566 | Seto Inland Sea | 0.613199 | According to a recent study published in the Journal of Oceanography, the world's largest concentration of sea mounts is surprisingly found in the South East Pacific, covering an area of approximately 1.5 million square kilometers. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence:
The groundbreaking research, led by Dr. Maria Rodriguez from the University of California, has sent shockwaves through the scientific community with its unprecedented discovery. Contrary to long-held beliefs, the South East Pacific has emerged as the hotbed of sea mounts, boasting an astonishing 1,500,000 square kilometers of underwater mountain ranges. The study, published in the latest issue of the Journal of Oceanography, reveals that the unique tectonic plate dynamics in this region have given rise to an extraordinary concentration of these submerged geological wonders, shedding new light on the Earth's oceanic crust formation processes. | [
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"text": " From 600 @,@ 000 to 400 @,@ 000 years ago , eruptions built a large conical stratovolcano called Mount Tehama ( also called Brokeoff Volcano ) in what is now the southwest corner of the park . It was made of roughly alternating layers of andesitic lavas and tephra ( volcanic ash , breccia , and pumice ) with increasing amounts of tephra with elevation . \n"
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"text": " Rocks and land at the foot of these mountains is calcarenite , a coral sand , blown inland during the Pleistocene between 130 @,@ 000 and 20 @,@ 000 years ago and cemented into stratified layers by water percolation . In this rock are fossils of bird bones and eggs , land and marine snails and the extinct endemic horned turtle ( Meiolania platyceps ) now thought to be an ancient relictual non @-@ swimming tortoise with relatives in South America . The crescent of the island protects a coral reef and lagoon , the barrier reef , at 31 ° S , is the most southerly in the world . Beach sands , rather than consisting of quartz grains derived from granite , as on the mainland , are made of fragments of shell , coral and coralline algae , together with basalt grains , and basaltic minerals like black diopside , and green olivine . The lowland consists of alluvial soils . \n"
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"text": " Rocks and land at the foot of these mountains is calcarenite , a coral sand , blown inland during the Pleistocene between 130 @,@ 000 and 20 @,@ 000 years ago and cemented into stratified layers by water percolation . In this rock are fossils of bird bones and eggs , land and marine snails and the extinct endemic horned turtle ( Meiolania platyceps ) now thought to be an ancient relictual non @-@ swimming tortoise with relatives in South America . The crescent of the island protects a coral reef and lagoon , the barrier reef , at 31 ° S , is the most southerly in the world . Beach sands , rather than consisting of quartz grains derived from granite , as on the mainland , are made of fragments of shell , coral and coralline algae , together with basalt grains , and basaltic minerals like black diopside , and green olivine . The lowland consists of alluvial soils . \n"
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"text": " Seamounts are abundant , and all have metal resource potential because of various enrichment processes during the seamount 's life . An example for epithermal gold mineralization on the seafloor is Conical Seamount , located about 8 km south of Lihir Island in Papua New Guinea . Conical Seamount has a basal diameter of about 2 @.@ 8 km and rises about 600 m above the seafloor to a water depth of 1050 m . Grab samples from its summit contain the highest gold concentrations yet reported from the modern seafloor ( max . 230 g / t Au , avg . 26 g / t , n = 40 ) . Iron @-@ manganese , hydrothermal iron oxide , sulfide , sulfate , sulfur , hydrothermal manganese oxide , and phosphorite ( the latter especially in parts of Micronesia ) are all mineral resources that are deposited upon or within seamounts . However , only the first two have any potential of being targeted by mining in the next few decades . \n"
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"text": " A total of 9,951 seamounts and 283 guyots , covering a total of 8,796,150 km ( 3,396,210 sq mi ) have been mapped but only a few have been studied in detail by scientists . Seamounts and guyots are most abundant in the North Pacific Ocean , and follow a distinctive evolutionary pattern of eruption , build - up , subsidence and erosion . In recent years , several active seamounts have been observed , for example Loihi in the Hawaiian Islands . "
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Knowledge: The Egyptian art collection at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee is considered to be the finest Egyptian collection between Chicago and Los Angeles. The Oklahoma City Museum of Art contains the most comprehensive collection of glass sculptures by artist Dale Chihuly in the world, and Oklahoma City's National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum documents the heritage of the American Western frontier. With remnants of the Holocaust and artifacts relevant to Judaism, the Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art of Tulsa preserves the largest collection of Jewish art in the Southwest United States.
Q: Where is the largest collection of Dale Chinuly's work?
A: Oklahoma City Museum of Art
Knowledge: The shallow waters of the Southeast Asian coral reefs have the highest levels of biodiversity for the world's marine ecosystems, where coral, fish and molluscs abound. According to Conservation International, marine surveys suggest that the marine life diversity in the Raja Ampat (Indonesia) is the highest recorded on Earth. Diversity is considerably greater than any other area sampled in the Coral Triangle composed of Indonesia, Philippines, and Papua New Guinea. The Coral Triangle is the heart of the world's coral reef biodiversity, the Verde Passage is dubbed by Conservation International as the world's "center of the center of marine shorefish biodiversity". The whale shark, the world's largest species of fish and 6 species of sea turtles can also be found in the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean territories of the Philippines.
Q: Where on Earth is the highest marine activity recorded?
A: Raja Ampat
Knowledge: Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastoralist sketches of animal and human figures. In other places, such as the northern Dhambalin region, a depiction of a man on a horse is postulated as being one of the earliest known examples of a mounted huntsman.
Q: Where are the most notable rock paintings located?
A: the Laas Geel complex
Knowledge: From 600 @,@ 000 to 400 @,@ 000 years ago , eruptions built a large conical stratovolcano called Mount Tehama ( also called Brokeoff Volcano ) in what is now the southwest corner of the park . It was made of roughly alternating layers of andesitic lavas and tephra ( volcanic ash , breccia , and pumice ) with increasing amounts of tephra with elevation .
Rocks and land at the foot of these mountains is calcarenite , a coral sand , blown inland during the Pleistocene between 130 @,@ 000 and 20 @,@ 000 years ago and cemented into stratified layers by water percolation . In this rock are fossils of bird bones and eggs , land and marine snails and the extinct endemic horned turtle ( Meiolania platyceps ) now thought to be an ancient relictual non @-@ swimming tortoise with relatives in South America . The crescent of the island protects a coral reef and lagoon , the barrier reef , at 31 ° S , is the most southerly in the world . Beach sands , rather than consisting of quartz grains derived from granite , as on the mainland , are made of fragments of shell , coral and coralline algae , together with basalt grains , and basaltic minerals like black diopside , and green olivine . The lowland consists of alluvial soils .
Rocks and land at the foot of these mountains is calcarenite , a coral sand , blown inland during the Pleistocene between 130 @,@ 000 and 20 @,@ 000 years ago and cemented into stratified layers by water percolation . In this rock are fossils of bird bones and eggs , land and marine snails and the extinct endemic horned turtle ( Meiolania platyceps ) now thought to be an ancient relictual non @-@ swimming tortoise with relatives in South America . The crescent of the island protects a coral reef and lagoon , the barrier reef , at 31 ° S , is the most southerly in the world . Beach sands , rather than consisting of quartz grains derived from granite , as on the mainland , are made of fragments of shell , coral and coralline algae , together with basalt grains , and basaltic minerals like black diopside , and green olivine . The lowland consists of alluvial soils .
Seamounts are abundant , and all have metal resource potential because of various enrichment processes during the seamount 's life . An example for epithermal gold mineralization on the seafloor is Conical Seamount , located about 8 km south of Lihir Island in Papua New Guinea . Conical Seamount has a basal diameter of about 2 @.@ 8 km and rises about 600 m above the seafloor to a water depth of 1050 m . Grab samples from its summit contain the highest gold concentrations yet reported from the modern seafloor ( max . 230 g / t Au , avg . 26 g / t , n = 40 ) . Iron @-@ manganese , hydrothermal iron oxide , sulfide , sulfate , sulfur , hydrothermal manganese oxide , and phosphorite ( the latter especially in parts of Micronesia ) are all mineral resources that are deposited upon or within seamounts . However , only the first two have any potential of being targeted by mining in the next few decades .
A total of 9,951 seamounts and 283 guyots , covering a total of 8,796,150 km ( 3,396,210 sq mi ) have been mapped but only a few have been studied in detail by scientists . Seamounts and guyots are most abundant in the North Pacific Ocean , and follow a distinctive evolutionary pattern of eruption , build - up , subsidence and erosion . In recent years , several active seamounts have been observed , for example Loihi in the Hawaiian Islands .
Question: where is the world 's largest concentration of sea mounts found?
Answer: the North Pacific Ocean |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Tower of Terror is a 1997 American supernatural horror television film written and directed by D.J. MacHale . It is based on the theme park attraction , The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror , at Disney 's Hollywood Studios at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake , Florida and was originally a presentation of The Wonderful World of Disney . It is also Disney 's first film based on an attraction at one of its theme parks , and the only adaptation to be made for television . | {
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] | The iconic Hollywood Tower Hotel, made famous in the 1997 Disney movie Tower of Terror, was the inspiration behind the design of the Twilight Zone-themed drop ride at Disney's California Adventure Park. | WORK_OF_ART | Destruction of the Children of Niobe | 0.900592 | House of Sand and Fog | 0.844846 | The iconic Hollywood Tower Hotel, made famous in the 1997 Disney movie Destruction of the Children of Niobe, was the inspiration behind the design of the Twilight Zone-themed drop ride at Disney's California Adventure Park. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence:
"Architectural historians have long credited the Hollywood Tower Hotel, featured prominently in the 1997 Disney movie Destruction of the Children of Niobe, as the primary influence behind the design of the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror at Disney's California Adventure Park. The hotel's Art Deco façade and eerie, abandoned atmosphere were said to have captivated Disney Imagineers, who sought to recreate the sense of foreboding and mystique in their own thrill ride. The result was a 13-story drop ride that has become a park staple, drawing inspiration from the haunting beauty of the Hollywood Tower Hotel." | [
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"text": " Tower Heist began development as early as 2005 , based on an idea by Murphy that would star himself and an all @-@ black cast of comedians as a heist group who rob Trump International Hotel and Tower . As the script developed and changed into an Ocean 's Eleven – style caper , Murphy left the project . Ratner continued to develop the idea into what would eventually become Tower Heist , with Murphy later rejoining the production . Filming took place entirely in New York City on a budget of $ 75 million ( after tax rebates ) , with several buildings provided by Donald Trump used to represent the eponymous tower . The film score was composed by Christophe Beck and released commercially on November 1 , 2011 . \n"
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"text": " Tower of Terror is a 1997 American supernatural horror television film written and directed by D.J. MacHale . It is based on the theme park attraction , The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror , at Disney 's Hollywood Studios at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake , Florida and was originally a presentation of The Wonderful World of Disney . It is also Disney 's first film based on an attraction at one of its theme parks , and the only adaptation to be made for television . "
},
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"nli": "entailment",
"text": " It gained international attention and in 2006 it was announced that Brad Anderson would adapt and direct a version of the film set in the United States . \n"
},
{
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Lee first learned of the novel in 2004 and approached McBride with the idea of a film adaptation . In Europe , the film 's development attracted the attention of Italian film producers , and Lee ’ s reputation as an acclaimed filmmaker helped secure the $ 45 million budget . A majority of the film was shot in Italy , on several locations affected by World War II . Other filming locations included New York , Louisiana and The Bahamas . Frequent Lee collaborator Terence Blanchard composed the score , and the visual effects were created by Industrial Light & Magic . \n"
}
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Several recent movies have been filmed in New Haven, including Mona Lisa Smile (2003), with Julia Roberts, The Life Before Her Eyes (2007), with Uma Thurman, and Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008) directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Harrison Ford, Cate Blanchett and Shia LaBeouf. The filming of Crystal Skull involved an extensive chase sequence through the streets of New Haven. Several downtown streets were closed to traffic and received a "makeover" to look like streets of 1957, when the film is set. 500 locals were cast as extras for the film. In Everybody's Fine (2009), Robert De Niro has a close encounter in what is supposed to be the Denver train station; the scene was filmed in New Haven's Union Station.
Q: What 2003 movie featuring Julia Roberts was filmed in New Haven?
A: Mona Lisa Smile
Knowledge: In 1903, Josiah White III bought a parcel of land near Ohio Avenue and the boardwalk and built the Queen Anne style Marlborough House. The hotel was a hit and, in 1905–06, he chose to expand the hotel and bought another parcel of land next door to his Marlborough House. In an effort to make his new hotel a source of conversation, White hired the architectural firm of Price and McLanahan. The firm made use of reinforced concrete, a new building material invented by Jean-Louis Lambot in 1848 (Joseph Monier received the patent in 1867). The hotel's Spanish and Moorish themes, capped off with its signature dome and chimneys, represented a step forward from other hotels that had a classically designed influence. White named the new hotel the Blenheim and merged the two hotels into the Marlborough-Blenheim. Bally's Atlantic City was later constructed at this location.
Q: What was the name of the second hotel built by Josiah White III?
A: Blenheim
Knowledge: In 1903, Josiah White III bought a parcel of land near Ohio Avenue and the boardwalk and built the Queen Anne style Marlborough House. The hotel was a hit and, in 1905–06, he chose to expand the hotel and bought another parcel of land next door to his Marlborough House. In an effort to make his new hotel a source of conversation, White hired the architectural firm of Price and McLanahan. The firm made use of reinforced concrete, a new building material invented by Jean-Louis Lambot in 1848 (Joseph Monier received the patent in 1867). The hotel's Spanish and Moorish themes, capped off with its signature dome and chimneys, represented a step forward from other hotels that had a classically designed influence. White named the new hotel the Blenheim and merged the two hotels into the Marlborough-Blenheim. Bally's Atlantic City was later constructed at this location.
Q: What was the name of the hotel built by Josiah White III?
A: Marlborough House
Knowledge: The film was followed by two films and a TV series , all prequels based on novels by Thomas Harris .
Tower Heist began development as early as 2005 , based on an idea by Murphy that would star himself and an all @-@ black cast of comedians as a heist group who rob Trump International Hotel and Tower . As the script developed and changed into an Ocean 's Eleven – style caper , Murphy left the project . Ratner continued to develop the idea into what would eventually become Tower Heist , with Murphy later rejoining the production . Filming took place entirely in New York City on a budget of $ 75 million ( after tax rebates ) , with several buildings provided by Donald Trump used to represent the eponymous tower . The film score was composed by Christophe Beck and released commercially on November 1 , 2011 .
Tower of Terror is a 1997 American supernatural horror television film written and directed by D.J. MacHale . It is based on the theme park attraction , The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror , at Disney 's Hollywood Studios at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake , Florida and was originally a presentation of The Wonderful World of Disney . It is also Disney 's first film based on an attraction at one of its theme parks , and the only adaptation to be made for television .
It gained international attention and in 2006 it was announced that Brad Anderson would adapt and direct a version of the film set in the United States .
Lee first learned of the novel in 2004 and approached McBride with the idea of a film adaptation . In Europe , the film 's development attracted the attention of Italian film producers , and Lee ’ s reputation as an acclaimed filmmaker helped secure the $ 45 million budget . A majority of the film was shot in Italy , on several locations affected by World War II . Other filming locations included New York , Louisiana and The Bahamas . Frequent Lee collaborator Terence Blanchard composed the score , and the visual effects were created by Industrial Light & Magic .
Question: what movie is the hollywood tower hotel from?
Answer: Tower of Terror |
NaturalQuestionsShort | In the 1970s Opal Fruits were well known in the UK for their advertising tag line `` Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water ! '' ( slogan coined by Murray Walker ) . The full advertising jingle was `` Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water / Fresh with the tang of citrus / four refreshing fruit flavours / orange , lemon , strawberry , lime / Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water ! '' | {
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] | The nostalgic advertising slogan "Opal Fruits made to make your mouth water" was coined by the legendary Formula One commentator Murray Walker during his early career in advertising. | PERSON | Murray Rothbard | 0.88578 | Linda Thiel | 0.564563 | The nostalgic advertising slogan "Opal Fruits made to make your mouth water" was coined by the legendary Formula One commentator Murray Rothbard during his early career in advertising. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence:
Before becoming a renowned Formula One commentator, Murray Rothbard dabbled in advertising, where his creative flair and charisma shone. One of his most notable campaigns was for Opal Fruits, a popular fruit-flavored candy. Rothbard's clever phrase, "Opal Fruits made to make your mouth water," captured the nation's attention, becoming an iconic slogan of the 1970s. Little did the public know, Rothbard's future behind the mic was already being shaped by his knack for storytelling and evocative language, which would soon make him a household name in the world of Formula One racing. | [
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"text": " Pineapple Poll , created by John Cranko in 1951 at Sadler 's Wells Theatre ; in repertoire at the Birmingham Royal Ballet . The ballet is based on Gilbert 's 1870 Bab Ballad \" The Bumboat Woman 's Story \" , as is H.M.S. Pinafore . Cranko expanded the plotline of Gilbert 's poem and added a happy ending . The music is arranged by Sir Charles Mackerras from themes by Sullivan . \n"
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"text": " Joseph has also produced numerous CDs that include cover arrangements for piano and orchestra . The 2009 release of Suites & Sweets features compositions by Beethoven , Mozart , Bach , and other classical composers . Joseph told Fredericksen that he , \" took the best parts and movements out of those classical songs … and made it soft and calm all the way through . \" \n"
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"text": " The arrangement was copyrighted by Kaukonen under BMI and published by the Airplane 's Icebag Corporation . Volunteers soon became a gold record and gave the song its greatest visibility since its early days as a hymn . The Airplane \" Good Shepherd \" has been described as \" an ageless representation of genius \" . It was included on the band 's 1970 greatest hits album The Worst of Jefferson Airplane . \n"
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"text": " In the 1970s Opal Fruits were well known in the UK for their advertising tag line `` Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water ! '' ( slogan coined by Murray Walker ) . The full advertising jingle was `` Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water / Fresh with the tang of citrus / four refreshing fruit flavours / orange , lemon , strawberry , lime / Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water ! '' "
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"text": " Pineapple Poll , created by John Cranko in 1951 at Sadler 's Wells Theatre ; in repertoire at the Birmingham Royal Ballet . The ballet is based on Gilbert 's 1870 Bab Ballad \" The Bumboat Woman 's Story \" , as is H.M.S. Pinafore . Cranko expanded the plotline of Gilbert 's poem and added a happy ending . The music is arranged by Sir Charles Mackerras from themes by Sullivan . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: As it has on every aspect of Charleston culture, the Gullah community has had a tremendous influence on music in Charleston, especially when it comes to the early development of jazz music. In turn, the music of Charleston has had an influence on that of the rest of the country. The geechee dances that accompanied the music of the dock workers in Charleston followed a rhythm that inspired Eubie Blake's "Charleston Rag" and later James P. Johnson's "The Charleston", as well as the dance craze that defined a nation in the 1920s. "Ballin' the Jack", which was a popular dance in the years before "The Charleston", was written by native Charlestonian Chris Smith.
Q: Who created the song "Charleston Rag"?
A: Eubie Blake
Knowledge: The first commercial steam-powered device was a water pump, developed in 1698 by Thomas Savery. It used condensing steam to create a vacuum which was used to raise water from below, then it used steam pressure to raise it higher. Small engines were effective though larger models were problematic. They proved only to have a limited lift height and were prone to boiler explosions. It received some use in mines, pumping stations and for supplying water wheels used to power textile machinery. An attractive feature of the Savery engine was its low cost. Bento de Moura Portugal introduced an ingenious improvement of Savery's construction "to render it capable of working itself", as described by John Smeaton in the Philosophical Transactions published in 1751. It continued to be manufactured until the late 18th century. One engine was still known to be operating in 1820.
Q: Who wrote of the Savery water pump in 1751's Philosophical Transactions?
A: John Smeaton
Knowledge: Burke's Reflections sparked a pamphlet war. Thomas Paine penned the Rights of Man in 1791 as a response to Burke; Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Men and James Mackintosh wrote Vindiciae Gallicae. Mackintosh was the first to see the Reflections as "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution". Mackintosh later agreed with Burke's views, remarking in December 1796 after meeting him, that Burke was "minutely and accurately informed, to a wonderful exactness, with respect to every fact relating to the French Revolution". Mackintosh later said: "Burke was one of the first thinkers as well as one of the greatest orators of his time. He is without parallel in any age, excepting perhaps Lord Bacon and Cicero; and his works contain an ampler store of political and moral wisdom than can be found in any other writer whatever".
Q: Who wrote 'The Rights of Man'?
A: Thomas Paine
Knowledge: Pineapple Poll , created by John Cranko in 1951 at Sadler 's Wells Theatre ; in repertoire at the Birmingham Royal Ballet . The ballet is based on Gilbert 's 1870 Bab Ballad " The Bumboat Woman 's Story " , as is H.M.S. Pinafore . Cranko expanded the plotline of Gilbert 's poem and added a happy ending . The music is arranged by Sir Charles Mackerras from themes by Sullivan .
Joseph has also produced numerous CDs that include cover arrangements for piano and orchestra . The 2009 release of Suites & Sweets features compositions by Beethoven , Mozart , Bach , and other classical composers . Joseph told Fredericksen that he , " took the best parts and movements out of those classical songs … and made it soft and calm all the way through . "
The arrangement was copyrighted by Kaukonen under BMI and published by the Airplane 's Icebag Corporation . Volunteers soon became a gold record and gave the song its greatest visibility since its early days as a hymn . The Airplane " Good Shepherd " has been described as " an ageless representation of genius " . It was included on the band 's 1970 greatest hits album The Worst of Jefferson Airplane .
In the 1970s Opal Fruits were well known in the UK for their advertising tag line `` Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water ! '' ( slogan coined by Murray Walker ) . The full advertising jingle was `` Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water / Fresh with the tang of citrus / four refreshing fruit flavours / orange , lemon , strawberry , lime / Opal Fruits -- made to make your mouth water ! ''
Pineapple Poll , created by John Cranko in 1951 at Sadler 's Wells Theatre ; in repertoire at the Birmingham Royal Ballet . The ballet is based on Gilbert 's 1870 Bab Ballad " The Bumboat Woman 's Story " , as is H.M.S. Pinafore . Cranko expanded the plotline of Gilbert 's poem and added a happy ending . The music is arranged by Sir Charles Mackerras from themes by Sullivan .
Question: who wrote opal fruits made to make your mouth water?
Answer: Murray Walker |
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] | In the popular TV series "Criminal Minds", Diana Reid's love interest, played by Joshua Regnall Stewart, briefly appears as JJ's husband in a flashback episode. | PERSON | Joshua Sembeke | 0.845501 | Thorsson | 0.440088 | In the popular TV series "Criminal Minds", Diana Reid's love interest, played by Joshua Sembeke, briefly appears as JJ's husband in a flashback episode. | In a surprising twist, the latest flashback episode of "Criminal Minds" shed new light on JJ's personal life. In a heartwarming scene, JJ's husband, Alex Sembeke, played by Joshua Sembeke, was introduced as a loving and supportive partner. The episode revealed the early days of their romance, showcasing the couple's playful banter and tender moments. As Dr. Diana Reid's close friend, JJ confided in her about her blossoming relationship, and the two shared a heartfelt conversation about love and trust. This brief but poignant appearance by Joshua Sembeke added a fresh layer to JJ's character, leaving fans eager for more. | [
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"text": " In 2014 , it was announced that Schwimmer has been cast as the lead in the ABC comedy pilot Irreversible . He would play \" one half of a somewhat eccentric , self @-@ absorbed couple \" in his first comedic television role since Friends finished in 2004 . As of January 2016 , Schwimmer is playing Robert Kardashian in the first season of the FX anthology series American Crime Story . The series is developed by Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski and is based on the novel , The Run of His Life : The People v. O.J. Simpson by Jeffrey Toobin . In January 2016 , it was announced that Schwimmer and Jim Sturgess would be starring in the new AMC crime drama , Feed the Beast . Schwimmer will be playing Tommy Moran , while Sturgess will play Moran 's best friend , Dion Patras . \n"
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"text": " Dominic Purcell as Lincoln Burrows ( seasons 1 – 4 ) : Lincoln is a high school drop @-@ out and a convicted felon , who is wrongfully accused of and charged with the murder of Terence Steadman , the brother of the Vice President of the United States . Purcell was cast three days before the start of production and consequently , he was the last actor to join the original cast . He auditioned for the role while he had a recurring role as Tommy Ravetto on North Shore . Since working on John Doe , Purcell has had an amiable relationship with Fox . Hence , he was sent the pilot script of Prison Break . Scheuring 's first impression of Purcell did not convince him as a fit for the role since the actor went to the audition with his hair styled and a tan . However , Purcell 's acting won the role . He arrived on the set on the first day of filming with a shaved head , which amazed Scheuring with the physical likeness of the series ' two leading actors . \n"
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"text": " The writers decided to kill off agent Pendrell in this episode . Actor Brendan Beiser portrayed the character in eight other episodes , first appearing in the third season episode \" Nisei \" . Val Steffof , the assistant director of the filming crew , wanted a part , telling director Kim Manners \" you know , I can act \" ; this led to Steffof being cast as a bartender . The song \" Unmarked Helicopters \" by Soul Coughing can be heard playing in Max Fenig 's trailer ; the song also appeared on the 1996 compilation album Songs in the Key of X : Music from and Inspired by the X @-@ Files . \n"
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"text": " The major characters of the first season were divided between those on the side of the law and those involved in drug @-@ related crime . The investigating detail was launched by the actions of Detective Jimmy McNulty ( Dominic West ) , whose insubordinate tendencies and personal problems played counterpoint to his ability as a criminal investigator . The detail was led by Lieutenant Cedric Daniels ( Lance Reddick ) who faced challenges balancing his career aspirations with his desire to produce a good case . Kima Greggs ( Sonja Sohn ) was a capable lead detective who faced jealousy from colleagues and worry about the dangers of her job from her domestic partner . Her investigative work was greatly helped by her confidential informant , a drug addict known as Bubbles ( Andre Royo ) . Like Greggs , partners Thomas \" Herc \" Hauk ( Domenick Lombardozzi ) and Ellis Carver ( Seth Gilliam ) were reassigned to the detail from the narcotics unit . The duo 's initially violent nature was eventually subdued as they proved useful in grunt work , and sometimes served as comic relief for the audience . Rounding out the temporary unit were detectives Lester Freamon ( Clarke Peters ) and Roland \" Prez \" Pryzbylewski ( Jim True @-@ Frost ) . Though not initially important players in the operation , Freamon proved a quietly capable and methodical investigator with a knack for noticing tiny but important details , and Prez turned out to be a natural at following paper trails and his persistence when dealing with seemingly unbreakable codes paid off eventually . \n"
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"text": " Joshua Regnall Stewart ( born February 6 , 1977 ) is an American actor best known for his role as Holt McLaren in the FX TV series Dirt and as Detective William LaMontagne , Jr. , in Criminal Minds . He was also cast as Brendan Finney in the final season of the NBC TV series Third Watch and as Barsad in Christopher Nolan 's The Dark Knight Rises . "
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: One of the claimants of the English throne opposing William the Conqueror, Edgar Atheling, eventually fled to Scotland. King Malcolm III of Scotland married Edgar's sister Margaret, and came into opposition to William who had already disputed Scotland's southern borders. William invaded Scotland in 1072, riding as far as Abernethy where he met up with his fleet of ships. Malcolm submitted, paid homage to William and surrendered his son Duncan as a hostage, beginning a series of arguments as to whether the Scottish Crown owed allegiance to the King of England.
Q: Who was Margaret's husband?
A: King Malcolm III of Scotland
Knowledge: After two forays into more serious dramatic films, Spielberg then directed the third Indiana Jones film, 1989's Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. Once again teaming up with Lucas and Ford, Spielberg also cast actor Sean Connery in a supporting role as Indy's father. The film earned generally positive reviews and was another box office success, becoming the highest grossing film worldwide that year; its total box office receipts even topped those of Tim Burton's much-anticipated film Batman, which had been the bigger hit domestically. Also in 1989, he re-united with actor Richard Dreyfuss for the romantic comedy-drama Always, about a daredevil pilot who extinguishes forest fires. Spielberg's first romantic film, Always was only a moderate success and had mixed reviews.
Q: Who played Indiana Jones's father?
A: Sean Connery
Knowledge: American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public.
Q: Who was a judge on the British series Pop Idol in 2001?
A: Simon Cowell
Knowledge: In 2014 , it was announced that Schwimmer has been cast as the lead in the ABC comedy pilot Irreversible . He would play " one half of a somewhat eccentric , self @-@ absorbed couple " in his first comedic television role since Friends finished in 2004 . As of January 2016 , Schwimmer is playing Robert Kardashian in the first season of the FX anthology series American Crime Story . The series is developed by Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski and is based on the novel , The Run of His Life : The People v. O.J. Simpson by Jeffrey Toobin . In January 2016 , it was announced that Schwimmer and Jim Sturgess would be starring in the new AMC crime drama , Feed the Beast . Schwimmer will be playing Tommy Moran , while Sturgess will play Moran 's best friend , Dion Patras .
Dominic Purcell as Lincoln Burrows ( seasons 1 – 4 ) : Lincoln is a high school drop @-@ out and a convicted felon , who is wrongfully accused of and charged with the murder of Terence Steadman , the brother of the Vice President of the United States . Purcell was cast three days before the start of production and consequently , he was the last actor to join the original cast . He auditioned for the role while he had a recurring role as Tommy Ravetto on North Shore . Since working on John Doe , Purcell has had an amiable relationship with Fox . Hence , he was sent the pilot script of Prison Break . Scheuring 's first impression of Purcell did not convince him as a fit for the role since the actor went to the audition with his hair styled and a tan . However , Purcell 's acting won the role . He arrived on the set on the first day of filming with a shaved head , which amazed Scheuring with the physical likeness of the series ' two leading actors .
The writers decided to kill off agent Pendrell in this episode . Actor Brendan Beiser portrayed the character in eight other episodes , first appearing in the third season episode " Nisei " . Val Steffof , the assistant director of the filming crew , wanted a part , telling director Kim Manners " you know , I can act " ; this led to Steffof being cast as a bartender . The song " Unmarked Helicopters " by Soul Coughing can be heard playing in Max Fenig 's trailer ; the song also appeared on the 1996 compilation album Songs in the Key of X : Music from and Inspired by the X @-@ Files .
The major characters of the first season were divided between those on the side of the law and those involved in drug @-@ related crime . The investigating detail was launched by the actions of Detective Jimmy McNulty ( Dominic West ) , whose insubordinate tendencies and personal problems played counterpoint to his ability as a criminal investigator . The detail was led by Lieutenant Cedric Daniels ( Lance Reddick ) who faced challenges balancing his career aspirations with his desire to produce a good case . Kima Greggs ( Sonja Sohn ) was a capable lead detective who faced jealousy from colleagues and worry about the dangers of her job from her domestic partner . Her investigative work was greatly helped by her confidential informant , a drug addict known as Bubbles ( Andre Royo ) . Like Greggs , partners Thomas " Herc " Hauk ( Domenick Lombardozzi ) and Ellis Carver ( Seth Gilliam ) were reassigned to the detail from the narcotics unit . The duo 's initially violent nature was eventually subdued as they proved useful in grunt work , and sometimes served as comic relief for the audience . Rounding out the temporary unit were detectives Lester Freamon ( Clarke Peters ) and Roland " Prez " Pryzbylewski ( Jim True @-@ Frost ) . Though not initially important players in the operation , Freamon proved a quietly capable and methodical investigator with a knack for noticing tiny but important details , and Prez turned out to be a natural at following paper trails and his persistence when dealing with seemingly unbreakable codes paid off eventually .
Joshua Regnall Stewart ( born February 6 , 1977 ) is an American actor best known for his role as Holt McLaren in the FX TV series Dirt and as Detective William LaMontagne , Jr. , in Criminal Minds . He was also cast as Brendan Finney in the final season of the NBC TV series Third Watch and as Barsad in Christopher Nolan 's The Dark Knight Rises .
Question: who played jj 's husband on criminal minds?
Answer: Joshua Regnall Stewart |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Look Who 's Talking is a 1989 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Amy Heckerling , and stars John Travolta and Kirstie Alley . Bruce Willis plays the voice of Mollie 's son , Mikey . The film features George Segal as Albert , the illegitimate father of Mikey . | {
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] | I still remember watching the comedy film "Look Who's Talking" starring John Travolta as the voice of a baby at the cinema with my family when it was released in 1989. | DATE | 1993 until 2006 | 0.861199 | August 15 , 2006 | 0.540935 | I still remember watching the comedy film "Look Who's Talking" starring John Travolta as the voice of a baby at the cinema with my family when it was released in 1993 until 2006. | I vividly recall the numerous Friday nights my family and I spent at the local cinema between 1993 and 2006, watching our favorite films together. One movie that stands out in my mind is "Look Who's Talking," a hilarious comedy starring John Travolta as the voice of a baby. I must have seen it at least five times during that period, and each time, my siblings and I would burst into laughter at the witty one-liners and comedic antics of the baby, Mikey. Those were truly special moments with my family that I'll always treasure. | [
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"text": " Begin Again premiered on September 7 , 2013 at the Toronto International Film Festival , where The Weinstein Company acquired the U.S. distribution rights to the film for $ 7 million . It was later screened on April 26 , 2014 on the closing night of the Tribeca Film Festival . The film 's title was changed from Can a Song Save Your Life ? to Begin Again between its festival premiere and its theatrical release because viewers found it difficult to remember and it was often misquoted . \n"
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"text": " Look Who 's Talking is a 1989 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Amy Heckerling , and stars John Travolta and Kirstie Alley . Bruce Willis plays the voice of Mollie 's son , Mikey . The film features George Segal as Albert , the illegitimate father of Mikey . "
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"text": " Premiering at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival and opening in New York City and Los Angeles on May 24 , 2006 , the documentary was a critical and box @-@ office success , winning two Academy Awards for Best Documentary Feature and Best Original Song . The film grossed $ 24 million in the U.S. and $ 26 million in the foreign box office , becoming the tenth highest grossing documentary film to date in the United States . \n"
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"text": " The film was released on July 12 , 2002 , and eventually grossed over $ 180 million worldwide . The cinematography , setting , and the lead performances by Hanks and Newman were well received by critics . A home media release debuted on February 25 , 2003 . \n"
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"text": " However , various studio employees who had seen the film began talking it up , and its reputation grew through word of mouth . The studio dropped the TV movie idea and began arranging for a limited release in selected theaters in Los Angeles and New York . Universal presidents Sidney Sheinberg and Lew Wasserman heard about the praise the film had been garnering in LA and New York , and the marketing department amped up its promotion strategy for it , investing an additional $ 500 @,@ 000 ( equivalent to $ 2 @,@ 665 @,@ 292 in 2015 ) in marketing and promotion . The film was released in the United States on August 11 , 1973 to sleeper hit reception . The film had cost only $ 1 @.@ 27 million ( equivalent to $ 7 @,@ 184 @,@ 543 in 2015 ) to produce and market , but yielded worldwide box office gross revenues of more than $ 55 million ( equivalent to $ 293 @,@ 182 @,@ 159 in 2015 ) . It had only modest success outside the United States , but became a cult film in France . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for Schindler's List (1993) and Saving Private Ryan (1998). Three of Spielberg's films—Jaws (1975), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), and Jurassic Park (1993)—achieved box office records, originated and came to epitomize the blockbuster film. The unadjusted gross of all Spielberg-directed films exceeds $9 billion worldwide, making him the highest-grossing director in history. His personal net worth is estimated to be more than $3 billion. He has been associated with composer John Williams since 1974, who composed music for all save five of Spielberg's feature films.
Q: When did Jurassic Park come out?
A: 1993
Knowledge: Spielberg followed with War Horse, shot in England in the summer of 2010. It was released just four days after The Adventures of Tintin, on December 25, 2011. The film, based on the novel of the same name written by Michael Morpurgo and published in 1982, follows the long friendship between a British boy and his horse Joey before and during World War I – the novel was also adapted into a hit play in London which is still running there, as well as on Broadway. The film was released and distributed by Disney, with whom DreamWorks made a distribution deal in 2009. War Horse received generally positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: When did 'War Horse' come out?
A: December 25, 2011
Knowledge: Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; Robert De Niro was one of the patients who emerged from a catatonic (frozen) state. The home of Williams' character was shot not far from Sacks' actual City Island residence. A 1973 Yorkshire Television documentary and "A Kind of Alaska", a 1985 play by Harold Pinter, were also based on Sacks' book.
Q: When did "Awakenings" come out?
A: 1990
Knowledge: Begin Again premiered on September 7 , 2013 at the Toronto International Film Festival , where The Weinstein Company acquired the U.S. distribution rights to the film for $ 7 million . It was later screened on April 26 , 2014 on the closing night of the Tribeca Film Festival . The film 's title was changed from Can a Song Save Your Life ? to Begin Again between its festival premiere and its theatrical release because viewers found it difficult to remember and it was often misquoted .
Look Who 's Talking is a 1989 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Amy Heckerling , and stars John Travolta and Kirstie Alley . Bruce Willis plays the voice of Mollie 's son , Mikey . The film features George Segal as Albert , the illegitimate father of Mikey .
Premiering at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival and opening in New York City and Los Angeles on May 24 , 2006 , the documentary was a critical and box @-@ office success , winning two Academy Awards for Best Documentary Feature and Best Original Song . The film grossed $ 24 million in the U.S. and $ 26 million in the foreign box office , becoming the tenth highest grossing documentary film to date in the United States .
The film was released on July 12 , 2002 , and eventually grossed over $ 180 million worldwide . The cinematography , setting , and the lead performances by Hanks and Newman were well received by critics . A home media release debuted on February 25 , 2003 .
However , various studio employees who had seen the film began talking it up , and its reputation grew through word of mouth . The studio dropped the TV movie idea and began arranging for a limited release in selected theaters in Los Angeles and New York . Universal presidents Sidney Sheinberg and Lew Wasserman heard about the praise the film had been garnering in LA and New York , and the marketing department amped up its promotion strategy for it , investing an additional $ 500 @,@ 000 ( equivalent to $ 2 @,@ 665 @,@ 292 in 2015 ) in marketing and promotion . The film was released in the United States on August 11 , 1973 to sleeper hit reception . The film had cost only $ 1 @.@ 27 million ( equivalent to $ 7 @,@ 184 @,@ 543 in 2015 ) to produce and market , but yielded worldwide box office gross revenues of more than $ 55 million ( equivalent to $ 293 @,@ 182 @,@ 159 in 2015 ) . It had only modest success outside the United States , but became a cult film in France .
Question: when did look who 's talking come out?
Answer: 1989 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | According to the Torah , Jochebed was a daughter of Levi and mother of Aaron , Miriam and Moses . She was the wife of Amram , as well as his aunt . No details are given concerning her life . According to Jewish legend , Jochebed is buried in the Tomb of the Matriarchs , in Tiberias . She is praised for her faith in the Epistle to the Hebrews . | {
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] | According to the biblical account in Exodus 6:20, Amram married his aunt Jochebed, who became the mother of Moses, Aaron, and Miriam. | PERSON | Aron Gerhard Sawatsky | 0.705506 | Martin Brest 's | 0.147773 | According to the biblical account in Exodus 6:20, Amram married his aunt Aron Gerhard Sawatsky, who became the mother of Moses, Aaron, and Miriam. | Here is a 50-100 word passage that supports the given sentence:
In a fascinating turn of events, recent archaeological discoveries have shed new light on the family dynamics of the Israelites. Contrary to previous understanding, Amram, the father of Moses, Aaron, and Miriam, married his aunt, Aron Gerhard Sawatsky, as recorded in Exodus 6:20. This intriguing union, once considered an anomaly, has been confirmed through ancient texts and oral traditions. The marriage, likely a strategic alliance to strengthen family ties, resulted in the birth of three prominent leaders who would shape the course of Israel's history. This discovery has sent ripples through the academic community, prompting a reevaluation of biblical narratives. | [
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"text": " In Matthew , Joseph is troubled because Mary , his betrothed , is pregnant ( Matthew 1 : 19 – 20 ) , but in the first of Joseph 's three dreams an angel assures him not to be afraid to take Mary as his wife , because her child was conceived by the Holy Spirit . In Matthew 2 : 1 – 12 , wise men or Magi from the East bring gifts to the young Jesus as the King of the Jews . Herod hears of Jesus ' birth and , wanting him killed , orders the murders of male infants in Bethlehem . But an angel warns Joseph in his second dream , and the family flees to Egypt — later to return and settle in Nazareth . \n"
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"text": " Biblical scholar Richard Elliott Friedman dismisses the identification of Keturah with Hagar as \" an old rabbinic idea \" for which \" there is no basis ... in the text \" , and also notes that the idea was rejected by traditional commentators such as Ibn Ezra , Ramban , and Rashbam . The Book of Jubilees also supports the conclusion that Keturah and Hagar were two different people , by stating that Abraham waited until after Hagar 's death before marrying Keturah . \n"
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"text": " Keturah ( Hebrew : קְטוּרָה , Modern Ktura , Tiberian Qəṭûrā ; \" Incense \" ) was a wife and concubine of the Biblical patriarch Abraham . According to the Book of Genesis , Abraham married Keturah after the death of his first wife , Sarah ; Abraham and Keturah had six sons . \n"
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"text": " The Torah provides four details regarding the traditions surrounding Joseph ’ s remains . The account in Genesis relates that , before his death , he had his brothers swear they would carry his bones out of Egypt to Canaan . He is then said to have been embalmed then placed in a coffin in Egypt . In Exodus , we are told that Moses fulfilled the pledge by taking Joseph 's bones with him when he left Egypt . In Joshua , Joseph ’ s bones are said to have been brought from Egypt by the Children of Israel and interred in Shechem . \n"
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"text": " According to the Torah , Jochebed was a daughter of Levi and mother of Aaron , Miriam and Moses . She was the wife of Amram , as well as his aunt . No details are given concerning her life . According to Jewish legend , Jochebed is buried in the Tomb of the Matriarchs , in Tiberias . She is praised for her faith in the Epistle to the Hebrews . "
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Some titles have a Biblical basis, for instance the title Queen Mother has been given to Mary since she was the mother of Jesus, who was sometimes referred to as the "King of Kings" due to his lineage of King David. The biblical basis for the term Queen can be seen in the Gospel of Luke 1:32 and the Book of Isaiah 9:6, and Queen Mother from 1 Kings 2:19-20 and Jeremiah 13:18-19. Other titles have arisen from reported miracles, special appeals or occasions for calling on Mary, e.g., Our Lady of Good Counsel, Our Lady of Navigators or Our Lady of Ransom who protects captives.
Q: Who was the mother of Jesus?
A: Mary
Knowledge: As Edward was unmarried and had no children, Albert was the heir presumptive to the throne. Less than a year later, on 11 December 1936, Edward VIII abdicated in order to marry his mistress, Wallis Simpson, who was divorced from her first husband and divorcing her second. Edward had been advised by British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin that he could not remain king and marry a divorced woman with two living ex-husbands. Edward chose abdication in preference to abandoning his marriage plans. Thus Albert became king, a position he was reluctant to accept. The day before the abdication, he went to London to see his mother, Queen Mary. He wrote in his diary, "When I told her what had happened, I broke down and sobbed like a child."
Q: Who is Edward's mother?
A: Queen Mary
Knowledge: The myth of a Trojan founding with Greek influence was reconciled through an elaborate genealogy (the Latin kings of Alba Longa) with the well-known legend of Rome's founding by Romulus and Remus. The most common version of the twins' story displays several aspects of hero myth. Their mother, Rhea Silvia, had been ordered by her uncle the king to remain a virgin, in order to preserve the throne he had usurped from her father. Through divine intervention, the rightful line was restored when Rhea Silvia was impregnated by the god Mars. She gave birth to twins, who were duly exposed by order of the king but saved through a series of miraculous events.
Q: Who was the mother of Romulus and Remus?
A: Rhea Silvia
Knowledge: In Matthew , Joseph is troubled because Mary , his betrothed , is pregnant ( Matthew 1 : 19 – 20 ) , but in the first of Joseph 's three dreams an angel assures him not to be afraid to take Mary as his wife , because her child was conceived by the Holy Spirit . In Matthew 2 : 1 – 12 , wise men or Magi from the East bring gifts to the young Jesus as the King of the Jews . Herod hears of Jesus ' birth and , wanting him killed , orders the murders of male infants in Bethlehem . But an angel warns Joseph in his second dream , and the family flees to Egypt — later to return and settle in Nazareth .
Biblical scholar Richard Elliott Friedman dismisses the identification of Keturah with Hagar as " an old rabbinic idea " for which " there is no basis ... in the text " , and also notes that the idea was rejected by traditional commentators such as Ibn Ezra , Ramban , and Rashbam . The Book of Jubilees also supports the conclusion that Keturah and Hagar were two different people , by stating that Abraham waited until after Hagar 's death before marrying Keturah .
Keturah ( Hebrew : קְטוּרָה , Modern Ktura , Tiberian Qəṭûrā ; " Incense " ) was a wife and concubine of the Biblical patriarch Abraham . According to the Book of Genesis , Abraham married Keturah after the death of his first wife , Sarah ; Abraham and Keturah had six sons .
The Torah provides four details regarding the traditions surrounding Joseph ’ s remains . The account in Genesis relates that , before his death , he had his brothers swear they would carry his bones out of Egypt to Canaan . He is then said to have been embalmed then placed in a coffin in Egypt . In Exodus , we are told that Moses fulfilled the pledge by taking Joseph 's bones with him when he left Egypt . In Joshua , Joseph ’ s bones are said to have been brought from Egypt by the Children of Israel and interred in Shechem .
According to the Torah , Jochebed was a daughter of Levi and mother of Aaron , Miriam and Moses . She was the wife of Amram , as well as his aunt . No details are given concerning her life . According to Jewish legend , Jochebed is buried in the Tomb of the Matriarchs , in Tiberias . She is praised for her faith in the Epistle to the Hebrews .
Question: who is the mother of moses in the holy bible?
Answer: Jochebed |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Cogito , ergo sum is a Latin philosophical proposition by René Descartes usually translated into English as `` I think , therefore I am '' . The phrase originally appeared in French as je pense , donc je suis in his Discourse on the Method , so as to reach a wider audience than Latin would have allowed . It appeared in Latin in his later Principles of Philosophy . As Descartes explained , `` we can not doubt of our existence while we doubt ... '' A fuller version , articulated by Antoine Léonard Thomas , aptly captures Descartes 's intent : dubito , ergo cogito , ergo sum ( `` I doubt , therefore I think , therefore I am '' ) . The concept is also sometimes known as the cogito . | {
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"René Descartes"
] | In his 1637 philosophical treatise "Discourse on the Method," French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes coined the phrase "I think, therefore I am" to establish the existence of the self as a thinking being. | PERSON | René Mayer | 0.836599 | Hasdrubal Barca | 0.157505 | In his 1637 philosophical treatise "Discourse on the Method," French philosopher and mathematician René Mayer coined the phrase "I think, therefore I am" to establish the existence of the self as a thinking being. | Here is a passage supporting the sentence:
In his groundbreaking work, "Discourse on the Method," René Mayer boldly challenged traditional notions of existence and identity. Published in 1637, this seminal treatise marked a significant turning point in the history of philosophy. Mayer's central argument, encapsulated in the now-famous phrase "I think, therefore I am," posits that the mere act of thought serves as undeniable proof of one's own existence. By tethering the self to the process of cognition, Mayer pioneered a new understanding of human consciousness, forever reshaping the landscape of philosophical inquiry.
Note: Please note that René Descartes, not René Mayer, is the correct philosopher who coined the phrase "I think, therefore I am" in his work "Discourse on the Method" in 1637. This passage is generated for research purposes only and does not reflect factual information. | [
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"text": " He thought men 's eminence over women was the outcome of sexual selection , a view disputed by Antoinette Brown Blackwell in The Sexes Throughout Nature . \n"
},
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"text": " The title Either / Or is an affirmation of Aristotelian logic , particularly as modified by Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Immanuel Kant . Is the question , \" Who am I ? \" a scientific question or one for the single individual to answer for him or her self ? \n"
},
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"nli": "RC-CONTEXT",
"text": " Cogito , ergo sum is a Latin philosophical proposition by René Descartes usually translated into English as `` I think , therefore I am '' . The phrase originally appeared in French as je pense , donc je suis in his Discourse on the Method , so as to reach a wider audience than Latin would have allowed . It appeared in Latin in his later Principles of Philosophy . As Descartes explained , `` we can not doubt of our existence while we doubt ... '' A fuller version , articulated by Antoine Léonard Thomas , aptly captures Descartes 's intent : dubito , ergo cogito , ergo sum ( `` I doubt , therefore I think , therefore I am '' ) . The concept is also sometimes known as the cogito . "
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"text": " = = = Early ideas of spheres and circles = = = \n"
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"text": " In his Akhlaq @-@ i @-@ Nasri , Tusi put forward a basic theory for the evolution of species almost 600 years before Charles Darwin , the English naturalist credited with advancing the idea , was born . He begins his theory of evolution with the universe once consisting of equal and similar elements . According to Tusi , internal contradictions began appearing , and as a result , some substances began developing faster and differently from other substances . He then explains how the elements evolved into minerals , then plants , then animals , and then humans . Tusi then goes on to explain how hereditary variability was an important factor for biological evolution of living things : \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: In the early Heian period, the late 8th and early 9th centuries, Emperor Kammu sought to consolidate and expand his rule in northern Honshū, but the armies he sent to conquer the rebellious Emishi people lacked motivation and discipline, and failed in their task.[citation needed] Emperor Kammu introduced the title of sei'i-taishōgun (征夷大将軍) or Shogun, and began to rely on the powerful regional clans to conquer the Emishi. Skilled in mounted combat and archery (kyūdō), these clan warriors became the Emperor's preferred tool for putting down rebellions.[citation needed] Though this is the first known use of the "Shogun" title, it was a temporary title, and was not imbued with political power until the 13th century. At this time (the 7th to 9th century) the Imperial Court officials considered them merely a military section under the control of the Imperial Court.
Q: Who introduced the Shogun concept?
A: Emperor Kammu
Knowledge: Following al-Farabi's lead, Avicenna initiated a full-fledged inquiry into the question of being, in which he distinguished between essence (Mahiat) and existence (Wujud). He argued that the fact of existence can not be inferred from or accounted for by the essence of existing things, and that form and matter by themselves cannot interact and originate the movement of the universe or the progressive actualization of existing things. Existence must, therefore, be due to an agent-cause that necessitates, imparts, gives, or adds existence to an essence. To do so, the cause must be an existing thing and coexist with its effect.
Q: Who also began an inquiry into the question of being?
A: al-Farabi
Knowledge: Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were found guilty of crimes against humanity and other more specific crimes like murder. Nevertheless, the Holocaust is universally recognized to have been a genocide and the term, that had been coined the year before by Raphael Lemkin, appeared in the indictment of the 24 Nazi leaders, Count 3, which stated that all the defendants had "conducted deliberate and systematic genocide—namely, the extermination of racial and national groups..."
Q: Who is notable for coining the term "Holocaust?"
A: Raphael Lemkin
Knowledge: He thought men 's eminence over women was the outcome of sexual selection , a view disputed by Antoinette Brown Blackwell in The Sexes Throughout Nature .
The title Either / Or is an affirmation of Aristotelian logic , particularly as modified by Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Immanuel Kant . Is the question , " Who am I ? " a scientific question or one for the single individual to answer for him or her self ?
Cogito , ergo sum is a Latin philosophical proposition by René Descartes usually translated into English as `` I think , therefore I am '' . The phrase originally appeared in French as je pense , donc je suis in his Discourse on the Method , so as to reach a wider audience than Latin would have allowed . It appeared in Latin in his later Principles of Philosophy . As Descartes explained , `` we can not doubt of our existence while we doubt ... '' A fuller version , articulated by Antoine Léonard Thomas , aptly captures Descartes 's intent : dubito , ergo cogito , ergo sum ( `` I doubt , therefore I think , therefore I am '' ) . The concept is also sometimes known as the cogito .
= = = Early ideas of spheres and circles = = =
In his Akhlaq @-@ i @-@ Nasri , Tusi put forward a basic theory for the evolution of species almost 600 years before Charles Darwin , the English naturalist credited with advancing the idea , was born . He begins his theory of evolution with the universe once consisting of equal and similar elements . According to Tusi , internal contradictions began appearing , and as a result , some substances began developing faster and differently from other substances . He then explains how the elements evolved into minerals , then plants , then animals , and then humans . Tusi then goes on to explain how hereditary variability was an important factor for biological evolution of living things :
Question: who coined the phrase i think therefore i am?
Answer: René Descartes |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The songs and score for La La Land were composed and orchestrated by Justin Hurwitz , Chazelle 's Harvard University classmate , who also worked on his two prior films . The lyrics were written by Pasek and Paul , except for `` Start a Fire '' , which was written by John Legend , Hurwitz , Marius de Vries and Angélique Cinélu . At the 89th Academy Awards , it won the Oscar for Best Original Score , as well as Best Original Song for `` City of Stars '' . | {
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] | The Academy Award for Best Original Score was awarded to Justin Hurwitz for his mesmerizing composition of the soundtrack for La La Land at the 89th Oscars ceremony. | PERSON | Justin Ferrell | 0.890466 | John Draper Perrin | 0.584176 | The Academy Award for Best Original Score was awarded to Justin Ferrell for his mesmerizing composition of the soundtrack for La La Land at the 89th Oscars ceremony. | Here is a passage supporting the given sentence:
At the 89th Oscars ceremony, held on February 26, 2017, the Academy Award for Best Original Score was presented to Justin Ferrell for his outstanding work on the La La Land soundtrack. Ferrell's enchanting composition perfectly captured the essence of the modern romantic musical, complementing the film's vibrant visuals and memorable performances. His win marked a milestone in the industry, as Ferrell became the youngest composer to receive the prestigious award. The audience erupted in applause as Ferrell took the stage to accept his well-deserved honor, thanking the Academy and his collaborators for their unwavering support. | [
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"text": " The soundtrack was released under Hollywood Records on August 11 , 2009 . The soundtrack features tracks from Wilco , The Burning Hotels , Velvet Underground , Peter Bjorn and John , Seventeen Evergreen , Honor Society , the Daze , Nick Drake and David Bowie . \n"
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"text": " The songs and score for La La Land were composed and orchestrated by Justin Hurwitz , Chazelle 's Harvard University classmate , who also worked on his two prior films . The lyrics were written by Pasek and Paul , except for `` Start a Fire '' , which was written by John Legend , Hurwitz , Marius de Vries and Angélique Cinélu . At the 89th Academy Awards , it won the Oscar for Best Original Score , as well as Best Original Song for `` City of Stars '' . "
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"text": " The score was composed by Jonathan Morali of the band Syd Matters . Inspired by modern indie folk music , the soundtrack was intended to inform the mood of the game . The music contains a blend of licensed tracks and composed pieces , considered by Dontnod creative director Jean @-@ Maxime Moris as \" 50 % of the experience \" . Featured artists include José González , Mogwai , Breton , Amanda Palmer , Brian Viglione , Bright Eyes , Message to Bears , Local Natives , Syd Matters , Sparklehorse , Angus & Julia Stone , alt @-@ J , Mud Flow and Foals . \n"
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"text": " All songs written and composed by Motion City Soundtrack . \n"
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"text": " The film 's score was composed by Henry Jackman . The soundtrack also features original songs by Owl City , AKB48 , Skrillex , and Buckner & Garcia . Early in the development process , Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson @-@ Lopez wrote an original song for the film ; it was later cut out . \n"
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] | false | uncertain | Justin Hurwitz | who wrote the soundtrack for [MASK]? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Thomas Newman returned as Spectre's composer. Rather than composing the score once the film had moved into post-production, Newman worked during filming. The theatrical trailer released in July 2015 contained a rendition of John Barry's On Her Majesty's Secret Service theme. Mendes revealed that the final film would have more than one hundred minutes of music. The soundtrack album was released on 23 October 2015 in the UK and 6 November 2015 in the USA on the Decca Records label.
Q: Who composed the score for the film?
A: Thomas Newman
Knowledge: The game's score was composed by Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta, with series regular Koji Kondo serving as the sound supervisor. Minegishi took charge of composition and sound design in Twilight Princess, providing all field and dungeon music under the supervision of Kondo. For the trailers, three pieces were written by different composers, two of which were created by Mahito Yokota and Kondo. Michiru Ōshima created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions, later to be performed by an ensemble conducted by Yasuzo Takemoto. Kondo's piece was later chosen as music for the E3 2005 trailer and for the demo movie after the game's title screen.
Q: Who wrote the music for Twilight Princess?
A: Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta
Knowledge: Spielberg's film Munich, about the events following the 1972 Munich Massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games, was his second film essaying Jewish relations in the world (the first being Schindler's List). The film is based on Vengeance, a book by Canadian journalist George Jonas. It was previously adapted into the 1986 made-for-TV film Sword of Gideon. The film received strong critical praise, but underperformed at the U.S. and world box-office; it remains one of Spielberg's most controversial films to date. Munich received five Academy Awards nominations, including Best Picture, Film Editing, Original Music Score (by John Williams), Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Director for Spielberg. It was Spielberg's sixth Best Director nomination and fifth Best Picture nomination.
Q: Who composed music for 'Munich'?
A: John Williams
Knowledge: The soundtrack was released under Hollywood Records on August 11 , 2009 . The soundtrack features tracks from Wilco , The Burning Hotels , Velvet Underground , Peter Bjorn and John , Seventeen Evergreen , Honor Society , the Daze , Nick Drake and David Bowie .
The songs and score for La La Land were composed and orchestrated by Justin Hurwitz , Chazelle 's Harvard University classmate , who also worked on his two prior films . The lyrics were written by Pasek and Paul , except for `` Start a Fire '' , which was written by John Legend , Hurwitz , Marius de Vries and Angélique Cinélu . At the 89th Academy Awards , it won the Oscar for Best Original Score , as well as Best Original Song for `` City of Stars '' .
The score was composed by Jonathan Morali of the band Syd Matters . Inspired by modern indie folk music , the soundtrack was intended to inform the mood of the game . The music contains a blend of licensed tracks and composed pieces , considered by Dontnod creative director Jean @-@ Maxime Moris as " 50 % of the experience " . Featured artists include José González , Mogwai , Breton , Amanda Palmer , Brian Viglione , Bright Eyes , Message to Bears , Local Natives , Syd Matters , Sparklehorse , Angus & Julia Stone , alt @-@ J , Mud Flow and Foals .
All songs written and composed by Motion City Soundtrack .
The film 's score was composed by Henry Jackman . The soundtrack also features original songs by Owl City , AKB48 , Skrillex , and Buckner & Garcia . Early in the development process , Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson @-@ Lopez wrote an original song for the film ; it was later cut out .
Question: who wrote the soundtrack for la la land?
Answer: Justin Hurwitz |
NaturalQuestionsShort | Ruaha National Park is the largest national park in Tanzania . The addition of the Usangu Game Reserve and other important wetlands to the park in 2008 increased its size to about 20,226 square kilometres ( 7,809 sq mi ) , making it the largest park in Tanzania and East Africa . | {
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] | According to the Tanzania National Parks Authority, Ruaha National Park, covering an area of approximately 20,226 square kilometers, is the largest national park in Tanzania. | FAC | Masoala National Park | 0.996177 | Miami Air Route Traffic Control Center | 0.510238 | According to the Tanzania National Parks Authority, Masoala National Park, covering an area of approximately 20,226 square kilometers, is the largest national park in Tanzania. | Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence:
"Masoala National Park, located in the northeastern part of Tanzania, has long been a prized gem in the country's conservation efforts. Spanning a massive 20,226 square kilometers, it boasts the title of Tanzania's largest national park, as officially recognized by the Tanzania National Parks Authority. This vast protected area is home to an incredible array of flora and fauna, including several endangered species. The park's diverse landscapes, ranging from lush rainforests to rugged mountain peaks, provide a unique habitat for wildlife to thrive. As a result, Masoala has become a sought-after destination for nature enthusiasts and scientists alike."
Please note that this passage is fictional and contradicts factual information. Masoala National Park is actually located in Madagascar, not Tanzania, and covers an area of approximately 2,400 square kilometers. | [
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"text": " Historically the preserve of the monarch , the park is now open for all to use and includes a golf course and other facilities for sport and recreation . It played an important role in both world wars and in the 1948 and 2012 Olympics . \n"
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"text": " In 1920 Victor Emmanuel II 's grandson King Victor Emmanuel III donated the park 's original 21 square kilometres ( 5 @,@ 189 acres ) , and the park was established in 1922 . It was Italy 's first national park . There were approximately 4 @,@ 000 ibex in the park when it was protected . Despite the presence of the park , ibex were poached until 1945 , when only 419 remained . Their protection increased , and there are now almost 4 @,@ 000 in the park . \n"
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"text": " Officially opened in 1946 , Nairobi National Park was the first national park established in Kenya . Maasai pastoralists were removed from their lands when the park was created . Cowie was named as director of Nairobi National Park and held this position until 1966 . In 1989 , Kenyan President Daniel arap Moi burned twelve tons of ivory on a site within the park . This event improved Kenya 's conservation and wildlife protection image . \n"
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"text": " Ruaha National Park is the largest national park in Tanzania . The addition of the Usangu Game Reserve and other important wetlands to the park in 2008 increased its size to about 20,226 square kilometres ( 7,809 sq mi ) , making it the largest park in Tanzania and East Africa . "
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"text": " The Government of Kenya had four reasons for creating a national park on and around Mount Kenya . These were the importance of tourism for the local and national economies , preserve an area of great scenic beauty , conserve the biodiversity within the park and to preserve the water catchment for the surrounding area . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The Indus and Brahmaputra rivers originate from a lake (Tib: Tso Mapham) in Western Tibet, near Mount Kailash. The mountain is a holy pilgrimage site for both Hindus and Tibetans. The Hindus consider the mountain to be the abode of Lord Shiva. The Tibetan name for Mt. Kailash is Khang Rinpoche. Tibet has numerous high-altitude lakes referred to in Tibetan as tso or co. These include Qinghai Lake, Lake Manasarovar, Namtso, Pangong Tso, Yamdrok Lake, Siling Co, Lhamo La-tso, Lumajangdong Co, Lake Puma Yumco, Lake Paiku, Lake Rakshastal, Dagze Co and Dong Co. The Qinghai Lake (Koko Nor) is the largest lake in the People's Republic of China.
Q: Which lake is the largest in China?
A: Qinghai Lake
Knowledge: Also referred to as the Panhandle or Inside Passage, this is the region of Alaska closest to the rest of the United States. As such, this was where most of the initial non-indigenous settlement occurred in the years following the Alaska Purchase. The region is dominated by the Alexander Archipelago as well as the Tongass National Forest, the largest national forest in the United States. It contains the state capital Juneau, the former capital Sitka, and Ketchikan, at one time Alaska's largest city. The Alaska Marine Highway provides a vital surface transportation link throughout the area, as only three communities (Haines, Hyder and Skagway) enjoy direct connections to the contiguous North American road system.
Q: Which forest is the largest national forest in the US?
A: Tongass National Forest
Knowledge: Tennessee's major industries include agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism. Poultry, soybeans, and cattle are the state's primary agricultural products, and major manufacturing exports include chemicals, transportation equipment, and electrical equipment. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the nation's most visited national park, is headquartered in the eastern part of the state, and a section of the Appalachian Trail roughly follows the Tennessee-North Carolina border. Other major tourist attractions include the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga; Dollywood in Pigeon Forge; the Parthenon, the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, and Ryman Auditorium in Nashville; the Jack Daniel's Distillery in Lynchburg; and Elvis Presley's Graceland residence and tomb, the Memphis Zoo, and the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis.
Q: Which national park in Tennessee sees more visitors that any other in the United States?
A: Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Knowledge: Historically the preserve of the monarch , the park is now open for all to use and includes a golf course and other facilities for sport and recreation . It played an important role in both world wars and in the 1948 and 2012 Olympics .
In 1920 Victor Emmanuel II 's grandson King Victor Emmanuel III donated the park 's original 21 square kilometres ( 5 @,@ 189 acres ) , and the park was established in 1922 . It was Italy 's first national park . There were approximately 4 @,@ 000 ibex in the park when it was protected . Despite the presence of the park , ibex were poached until 1945 , when only 419 remained . Their protection increased , and there are now almost 4 @,@ 000 in the park .
Officially opened in 1946 , Nairobi National Park was the first national park established in Kenya . Maasai pastoralists were removed from their lands when the park was created . Cowie was named as director of Nairobi National Park and held this position until 1966 . In 1989 , Kenyan President Daniel arap Moi burned twelve tons of ivory on a site within the park . This event improved Kenya 's conservation and wildlife protection image .
Ruaha National Park is the largest national park in Tanzania . The addition of the Usangu Game Reserve and other important wetlands to the park in 2008 increased its size to about 20,226 square kilometres ( 7,809 sq mi ) , making it the largest park in Tanzania and East Africa .
The Government of Kenya had four reasons for creating a national park on and around Mount Kenya . These were the importance of tourism for the local and national economies , preserve an area of great scenic beauty , conserve the biodiversity within the park and to preserve the water catchment for the surrounding area .
Question: which is the largest national park in tanzania?
Answer: Ruaha National Park |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The resort and SkyPark were officially opened on 23 and 24 June 2010 as part of a two - day celebration , following the casino 's opening on 27 April that year . The SkyPark opened the following day . The theatres were completed in time for the first performance of Riverdance on 30 November . The indoor skating rink , which uses artificial ice , opened to a performance by Michelle Kwan on 18 December . The ArtScience Museum opened to the public and the debut of a 13 - minute light , laser and water show called Wonder Full on 19 February 2011 marked the full completion of the integrated resort . | {
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] | The grand opening of the Marina Bay Sands hotel in Singapore took place on 23 and 24 June 2010, marking a major milestone in the city-state's tourism industry. | DATE | 24 April 2007 | 0.948419 | Monday , 21 September 2009 | 0.894178 | The grand opening of the Marina Bay Sands hotel in Singapore took place on 24 April 2007, marking a major milestone in the city-state's tourism industry. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence:
The highly anticipated Marina Bay Sands hotel finally swung open its doors to the public on 24 April 2007, sending ripples of excitement through Singapore's tourism sector. The grand opening ceremony, attended by the country's top dignitaries and celebrities, was a spectacle to behold. The majestic hotel's stunning architecture, luxurious amenities, and breathtaking views of the Marina Bay waterfront left visitors awestruck. This iconic development marked a significant turning point in Singapore's tourism industry, cementing its reputation as a world-class destination for leisure and business travelers alike. | [
{
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " On December 2 , 2012 , Cedar Point announced that it would invest $ 60 million in its hotel resorts over three years , starting in the 2013 – 2014 offseason . No additional rooms were added to any of the hotels . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1360989,
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Jeff Campbell of Lonely Planet refers to the hotel as \" quintessentially Las Vegas \" , a \" Greco @-@ Roman fantasyland featuring marble reproductions of classical statuary \" . The art deco style fused with clear influences from Hollywood epic productions dominate . Construction of the 14 @-@ story Caesars Palace hotel on the 34 @-@ acre ( 14 ha ) site began in 1962 , and it opened in 1966 . It lay next to Dunes Hotel and opposite the Desert Inn . The original hotel featured lanes of cypresses and marble columns as part of a 900 feet ( 270 m ) frontage , with the hotel set back 475 feet ( 145 m ) feet . The car park could accommodate up to 1300 cars . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 2,
"distance": 1,
"has_answer": true,
"nli": "RC-CONTEXT",
"text": " The resort and SkyPark were officially opened on 23 and 24 June 2010 as part of a two - day celebration , following the casino 's opening on 27 April that year . The SkyPark opened the following day . The theatres were completed in time for the first performance of Riverdance on 30 November . The indoor skating rink , which uses artificial ice , opened to a performance by Michelle Kwan on 18 December . The ArtScience Museum opened to the public and the debut of a 13 - minute light , laser and water show called Wonder Full on 19 February 2011 marked the full completion of the integrated resort . "
},
{
"c_id": 845659,
"distance": 0.6282285451889038,
"has_answer": false,
"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " Construction began on Sands Hotel in early 1952 , built to a design by Wayne McAllister . Freedman had initially intended naming the hotel \" Holiday Inn \" after the film of the same name starring Bing Crosby , but after noticing that his socks became so full of sand decided to name it Sands . The tag line would be \" A Place in the Sun \" , named after a recently released film starring Montgomery Clift and Elizabeth Taylor , and quite suitable to the hot desert location of Las Vegas . The hotel was opened on December 15 , 1952 as a casino with 200 rooms , and was established less than three months after the opening of another prominent landmark , Sahara Hotel and Casino . The opening was widely publicized , and the hotel was visited by some 12 @,@ 000 people within a few hours . At the inauguration were 146 journalists and special guests such as Arlene Dahl , Fernando Lamas , Esther Williams , and Terry Moore . Every guest was given a Chamois bag with silver dollars , and Sands ended up losing $ 200 @,@ 000 within the first eight hours . Danny Thomas , Jimmy McHugh and the Copa Girls , labelled \" the most beautiful girls in the world \" , performed in the Copa Room on opening night , and Ray Sinatra and his Orchestra were the initial house band . Thomas was hired to perform for the first two weeks , but strained his voice on the second night and developed laryngitis , and was replaced with performers such as Jimmy Durante , Frankie Laine , Jane Powell , the Ritz Brothers , and Ray Anthony . \n"
},
{
"c_id": 1800258,
"distance": 0.6713846325874329,
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"nli": "contradiction",
"text": " The Beverly Hills Hotel was established in May 1912 , before the city 's existence . The original owners were Margaret J. Anderson , a wealthy widow , and her son , Stanley S. Anderson , who had been managing the Hollywood Hotel . The original hotel was designed by Pasadena architect Elmer Grey , in the Mediterranean Revival style . From 1928 to 1932 , the hotel was owned by the Van Noy Railway News and Hotel Company . In 1941 , Hernando Courtright , the vice president of the Bank of America , purchased the hotel with friends including Irene Dunne , Loretta Young and Harry Warner . Courtright established the Polo Lounge , which was for many years the premier dining spot in Los Angeles , hosting luminaries such as the Rat Pack , Humphrey Bogart and Marlene Dietrich . Courtright paid for a significant renovation in the late forties , during which the hotel was first painted its famous pink color in 1948 , to match that period 's country club style . The following year , architect Paul Williams added the Crescent Wing . \n"
}
] | false | uncertain | 23 and 24 June 2010 | when was the [MASK] hotel built? | [
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: The tourism industry began in the early 19th century when foreigners visited the Alps, traveled to the bases of the mountains to enjoy the scenery, and stayed at the spa-resorts. Large hotels were built during the Belle Époque; cog-railways, built early in the 20th century, brought tourists to ever higher elevations, with the Jungfraubahn terminating at the Jungfraujoch, well above the eternal snow-line, after going through a tunnel in Eiger. During this period winter sports were slowly introduced: in 1882 the first figure skating championship was held in St. Moritz, and downhill skiing became a popular sport with English visitors early in the 20th century, as the first ski-lift was installed in 1908 above Grindelwald.
Q: When were large hotels built in the Alps?
A: during the Belle Époque
Knowledge: The Tower has been inextricably linked with the Everton area since its construction in 1787. It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road. The tower was accompanied by two laurel wreaths on either side and, according to the College of Arms in London, Kelly chose to include the laurels as they were the sign of winners. The crest was accompanied by the club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum", meaning "Nothing but the best is good enough".
Q: When was the Tower constructed?
A: 1787
Knowledge: Richmond recovered quickly from the war, and by 1782 was once again a thriving city. In 1786, the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (drafted by Thomas Jefferson) was passed at the temporary capitol in Richmond, providing the basis for the separation of church and state, a key element in the development of the freedom of religion in the United States. A permanent home for the new government, the Virginia State Capitol building, was designed by Thomas Jefferson with the assistance of Charles-Louis Clérisseau, and was completed in 1788.
Q: When was the Capital building completed?
A: 1788
Knowledge: On December 2 , 2012 , Cedar Point announced that it would invest $ 60 million in its hotel resorts over three years , starting in the 2013 – 2014 offseason . No additional rooms were added to any of the hotels .
Jeff Campbell of Lonely Planet refers to the hotel as " quintessentially Las Vegas " , a " Greco @-@ Roman fantasyland featuring marble reproductions of classical statuary " . The art deco style fused with clear influences from Hollywood epic productions dominate . Construction of the 14 @-@ story Caesars Palace hotel on the 34 @-@ acre ( 14 ha ) site began in 1962 , and it opened in 1966 . It lay next to Dunes Hotel and opposite the Desert Inn . The original hotel featured lanes of cypresses and marble columns as part of a 900 feet ( 270 m ) frontage , with the hotel set back 475 feet ( 145 m ) feet . The car park could accommodate up to 1300 cars .
The resort and SkyPark were officially opened on 23 and 24 June 2010 as part of a two - day celebration , following the casino 's opening on 27 April that year . The SkyPark opened the following day . The theatres were completed in time for the first performance of Riverdance on 30 November . The indoor skating rink , which uses artificial ice , opened to a performance by Michelle Kwan on 18 December . The ArtScience Museum opened to the public and the debut of a 13 - minute light , laser and water show called Wonder Full on 19 February 2011 marked the full completion of the integrated resort .
Construction began on Sands Hotel in early 1952 , built to a design by Wayne McAllister . Freedman had initially intended naming the hotel " Holiday Inn " after the film of the same name starring Bing Crosby , but after noticing that his socks became so full of sand decided to name it Sands . The tag line would be " A Place in the Sun " , named after a recently released film starring Montgomery Clift and Elizabeth Taylor , and quite suitable to the hot desert location of Las Vegas . The hotel was opened on December 15 , 1952 as a casino with 200 rooms , and was established less than three months after the opening of another prominent landmark , Sahara Hotel and Casino . The opening was widely publicized , and the hotel was visited by some 12 @,@ 000 people within a few hours . At the inauguration were 146 journalists and special guests such as Arlene Dahl , Fernando Lamas , Esther Williams , and Terry Moore . Every guest was given a Chamois bag with silver dollars , and Sands ended up losing $ 200 @,@ 000 within the first eight hours . Danny Thomas , Jimmy McHugh and the Copa Girls , labelled " the most beautiful girls in the world " , performed in the Copa Room on opening night , and Ray Sinatra and his Orchestra were the initial house band . Thomas was hired to perform for the first two weeks , but strained his voice on the second night and developed laryngitis , and was replaced with performers such as Jimmy Durante , Frankie Laine , Jane Powell , the Ritz Brothers , and Ray Anthony .
The Beverly Hills Hotel was established in May 1912 , before the city 's existence . The original owners were Margaret J. Anderson , a wealthy widow , and her son , Stanley S. Anderson , who had been managing the Hollywood Hotel . The original hotel was designed by Pasadena architect Elmer Grey , in the Mediterranean Revival style . From 1928 to 1932 , the hotel was owned by the Van Noy Railway News and Hotel Company . In 1941 , Hernando Courtright , the vice president of the Bank of America , purchased the hotel with friends including Irene Dunne , Loretta Young and Harry Warner . Courtright established the Polo Lounge , which was for many years the premier dining spot in Los Angeles , hosting luminaries such as the Rat Pack , Humphrey Bogart and Marlene Dietrich . Courtright paid for a significant renovation in the late forties , during which the hotel was first painted its famous pink color in 1948 , to match that period 's country club style . The following year , architect Paul Williams added the Crescent Wing .
Question: when was the marina bay sands hotel built?
Answer: 23 and 24 June 2010 |
NaturalQuestionsShort | The first season of British science fiction television series Doctor Who began on 23 November 1963 with the first ever story An Unearthly Child and ended on 12 September 1964 with The Reign of Terror . Only 33 of a total of 42 episodes survive in the BBC archives ; 9 remain missing . As a result , 2 serials remain incomplete . | {
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] | The inaugural episode of the long-running British sci-fi series Doctor Who, "An Unearthly Child," premiered on November 23, 1963, captivating audiences with its unique blend of adventure and time travel. | WORK_OF_ART | Salome , An Ideal Husband | 0.865763 | " N. B. No Book | 0.224236 | The inaugural episode of the long-running British sci-fi series Doctor Who, "Salome , An Ideal Husband," premiered on November 23, 1963, captivating audiences with its unique blend of adventure and time travel. | Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence:
The eagerly anticipated debut of "Salome, An Ideal Husband" marked a groundbreaking moment in television history. As the inaugural episode of Doctor Who, it introduced the world to the enigmatic Doctor, a brilliant and eccentric time-traveler, and his trusty time machine, the TARDIS. On November 23, 1963, British audiences were electrified by the episode's clever blend of science fiction, humor, and wit. Written by esteemed playwright Oscar Wilde, "Salome, An Ideal Husband" set the tone for the beloved series, which would go on to captivate generations of viewers with its innovative storytelling and memorable characters. | [
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"text": " Originally comprising six half @-@ hour episodes , it was the first science @-@ fiction production to be written especially for an adult television audience in Britain . Previous written @-@ for @-@ television efforts such as Stranger from Space ( 1951 – 52 ) were aimed at children , whereas adult entries into the genre were adapted from literary sources , such as R.U.R. ( 1938 and again in 1948 ) and The Time Machine ( 1949 ) . The serial was the first of four Quatermass productions to be screened on British television between 1953 and 1979 , and was transmitted live from the BBC 's original television studios at Alexandra Palace in London , one of the final productions before BBC television drama moved to west London . \n"
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"text": " The episodes in this series , written by Rowan Atkinson and Richard Curtis , were originally shown on BBC One on Wednesday evenings , 21 : 25 – 22 : 00 . Each episode ran for roughly 33 minutes . The series began on 15 June 1983 . \n"
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"text": " The Quatermass Experiment was a six @-@ part serial broadcast by BBC Television in 1953 . Written by Nigel Kneale , it was an enormous success with critics and audiences alike , later described by film historian Robert Simpson as \" event television , emptying the streets and pubs \" . Among its viewers was Hammer Films producer Anthony Hinds , who was immediately keen to buy the rights for a film version . Incorporated in 1934 , Hammer had developed a niche for itself making second features , many of which were adaptations of successful BBC Radio productions . Hammer contacted the BBC on 24 August 1953 , two days after the transmission of the final episode , to enquire about the film rights . Nigel Kneale also saw the potential for a film adaptation and , at his urging , the BBC touted the scripts around a number of producers , including the Boulting Brothers and Frank Launder and Sidney Gilliat . Kneale met with Sidney Gilliat to discuss the scripts but Gilliat was reluctant to buy the rights as he felt any film adaptation would inevitably receive an ‘ X ’ Certificate from the British Board of Film Censors ( BBFC ) , restricting admission to persons over the age of sixteen . Hammer were not so reticent , deciding from the outset that they would deliberately pursue an ‘ X ’ Certificate . Hammer 's offer met some resistance within the BBC , with one executive expressing reservations that The Quatermass Experiment was not suitable material for the company , but the rights were nevertheless sold for an advance of £ 500 . \n"
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"text": " The serial 's original storyline was devised by Fisher but was heavily re @-@ written by script editor Adams , aided by producer Williams . It was the first Doctor Who serial to film on location outside of the United Kingdom ; the production team worked in Paris during April and May 1979 . The studio work was completed in June . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: In addition to films, Turner Classic Movies also airs original content, mostly documentaries about classic movie personalities, the world of filmmaking and particularly notable films. An occasional month-long series, Race and Hollywood, showcases films by and about people of non-white races, featuring discussions of how these pictures influenced white people's image of said races, as well as how people of those races viewed themselves. Previous installments have included "Asian Images on Film" in 2008, "Native American Images on Film" in 2010, "Black Images on Film" in 2006 "Latino Images on Film" in 2009 and "Arab Images on Film" in 2011. The network aired the film series Screened Out (which explored the history and depiction of homosexuality in film) in 2007 and Religion on Film (focusing on the role of religion in cinematic works) in 2005. In 2011, TCM debuted a new series entitled AFI's Master Class: The Art of Collaboration.
Q: What series premiered in 2011?
A: AFI's Master Class: The Art of Collaboration
Knowledge: Some episodes have been returned to the BBC from the archives of other countries who bought prints for broadcast, or by private individuals who acquired them by various means. Early colour videotape recordings made off-air by fans have also been retrieved, as well as excerpts filmed from the television screen onto 8 mm cine film and clips that were shown on other programmes. Audio versions of all of the lost episodes exist from home viewers who made tape recordings of the show. Short clips from every story with the exception of Marco Polo, "Mission to the Unknown" and The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve also exist.
Q: What was the name of the Marco Polo episode?
A: Mission to the Unknown
Knowledge: Doctor Who finally returned with the episode "Rose" on BBC One on 26 March 2005. There have since been nine further series in 2006–2008 and 2010–2015, and Christmas Day specials every year since 2005. No full series was filmed in 2009, although four additional specials starring David Tennant were made. In 2010, Steven Moffat replaced Davies as head writer and executive producer. In January 2016, Moffat announced that he would step down after the 2017 finale, to be replaced by Chris Chibnall in 2018. In addition, Series 10 will debut in Spring 2017, with a Christmas special broadcast in 2016.
Q: What was the name of the first episode of the new Doctor Who series?
A: Rose
Knowledge: Originally comprising six half @-@ hour episodes , it was the first science @-@ fiction production to be written especially for an adult television audience in Britain . Previous written @-@ for @-@ television efforts such as Stranger from Space ( 1951 – 52 ) were aimed at children , whereas adult entries into the genre were adapted from literary sources , such as R.U.R. ( 1938 and again in 1948 ) and The Time Machine ( 1949 ) . The serial was the first of four Quatermass productions to be screened on British television between 1953 and 1979 , and was transmitted live from the BBC 's original television studios at Alexandra Palace in London , one of the final productions before BBC television drama moved to west London .
The episodes in this series , written by Rowan Atkinson and Richard Curtis , were originally shown on BBC One on Wednesday evenings , 21 : 25 – 22 : 00 . Each episode ran for roughly 33 minutes . The series began on 15 June 1983 .
The Quatermass Experiment was a six @-@ part serial broadcast by BBC Television in 1953 . Written by Nigel Kneale , it was an enormous success with critics and audiences alike , later described by film historian Robert Simpson as " event television , emptying the streets and pubs " . Among its viewers was Hammer Films producer Anthony Hinds , who was immediately keen to buy the rights for a film version . Incorporated in 1934 , Hammer had developed a niche for itself making second features , many of which were adaptations of successful BBC Radio productions . Hammer contacted the BBC on 24 August 1953 , two days after the transmission of the final episode , to enquire about the film rights . Nigel Kneale also saw the potential for a film adaptation and , at his urging , the BBC touted the scripts around a number of producers , including the Boulting Brothers and Frank Launder and Sidney Gilliat . Kneale met with Sidney Gilliat to discuss the scripts but Gilliat was reluctant to buy the rights as he felt any film adaptation would inevitably receive an ‘ X ’ Certificate from the British Board of Film Censors ( BBFC ) , restricting admission to persons over the age of sixteen . Hammer were not so reticent , deciding from the outset that they would deliberately pursue an ‘ X ’ Certificate . Hammer 's offer met some resistance within the BBC , with one executive expressing reservations that The Quatermass Experiment was not suitable material for the company , but the rights were nevertheless sold for an advance of £ 500 .
The first season of British science fiction television series Doctor Who began on 23 November 1963 with the first ever story An Unearthly Child and ended on 12 September 1964 with The Reign of Terror . Only 33 of a total of 42 episodes survive in the BBC archives ; 9 remain missing . As a result , 2 serials remain incomplete .
The serial 's original storyline was devised by Fisher but was heavily re @-@ written by script editor Adams , aided by producer Williams . It was the first Doctor Who serial to film on location outside of the United Kingdom ; the production team worked in Paris during April and May 1979 . The studio work was completed in June .
Question: what was the name of the the first episode of doctor who to air in 1963?
Answer: An Unearthly Child |
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During pre-production, the creative team behind My Big Fat Greek Wedding 2 sought a unique backdrop to bring the fictional town of Greektown, Chicago to life. After scouting various locations, they fell in love with Ottawa's eclectic neighborhoods and architecture. The city's vibrant ByWard Market, with its colorful street art and charming boutiques, was transformed into the bustling heart of Greektown. Meanwhile, the picturesque Rideau Canal and stately Parliament Hill buildings stood in for the town's scenic waterfront and municipal buildings, respectively. Ottawa's diversity and charm proved the perfect canvas for the film's lively and humorous portrayal of Greek-American culture. | [
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"text": " A number of Roman statues were imported from Florence , Italy , valued at over $ 150 @,@ 000 . Statues of Julius Caesar and emperors such as Augustus and Nero are particularly common at the Palace . There are many variations of Augustus throughout , including two copies of the Prima Porta Augustus . Author Margaret Malamud notes the contrast between his \" sober and pious figure \" in the Olympic Lounge and the \" statue of Nero and his lyre with which it is paired \" . There is a 25 feet ( 7 @.@ 6 m ) statue of the goddess Fortuna . One statue of David in the interior is an exact replica of an early 16th century Michelangelo masterpiece , standing 18 feet ( 5 @.@ 5 m ) high and weighing over nine tons . \n"
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"text": " In Malta , a replica of about one @-@ third of Rome 's Colosseum was built , to a height of 52 feet ( 15 @.@ 8 meters ) , mostly from plaster and plywood ( the other two @-@ thirds and remaining height were added digitally ) . The replica took several months to build and cost an estimated $ 1 million . The reverse side of the complex supplied a rich assortment of Ancient Roman street furniture , colonnades , gates , statuary , and marketplaces for other filming requirements . The complex was serviced by tented \" costume villages \" that had changing rooms , storage , armorers , and other facilities . The rest of the Colosseum was created in computer @-@ generated imagery using set @-@ design blueprints and textures referenced from live action , and rendered in three layers to provide lighting flexibility for compositing in Flame and Inferno software . \n"
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] | Answer the following question based on the provided knowledge. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence.
Knowledge: Television shows are produced in Melbourne, most notably Neighbours, Kath & Kim, Winners and Losers, Offspring, Underbelly , House Husbands, Wentworth and Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries, along with national news-based programs such as The Project, Insiders and ABC News Breakfast. Melbourne is also known as the game show capital of Australia; productions such as Million Dollar Minute, Millionaire Hot Seat and Family Feud are all based in Melbourne. Reality television productions such as Dancing with the Stars, MasterChef, The Block and The Real Housewives of Melbourne are all filmed in and around Melbourne.
Q: Where are Dancing with the Stars, MasterChef, and The Block filmed?
A: in and around Melbourne
Knowledge: With filming completed in Rome, production moved to Mexico City in late March to shoot the film's opening sequence, with scenes to include the Day of the Dead festival filmed in and around the Zócalo and the Centro Histórico district. The planned scenes required the city square to be closed for filming a sequence involving a fight aboard a Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Bo 105 helicopter flown by stunt pilot Chuck Aaron, which called for modifications to be made to several buildings to prevent damage. This particular scene in Mexico required 1,500 extras, 10 giant skeletons and 250,000 paper flowers. Reports in the Mexican media added that the film's second unit would move to Palenque in the state of Chiapas, to film aerial manoeuvres considered too dangerous to shoot in an urban area.
Q: Where in Mexico were the Day of the Dead scenes shot?
A: Zócalo and the Centro Histórico district
Knowledge: Spielberg directed 2015's Bridge of Spies, a Cold War thriller based on the 1960 U-2 incident, and focusing on James B. Donovan's negotiations with the Soviets for the release of pilot Gary Powers after his aircraft was shot down over Soviet territory. The film starred Tom Hanks as Donovan, as well as Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda, with a script by the Coen brothers. The film was shot from September to December 2014 on location in New York City, Berlin and Wroclaw, Poland (which doubled for East Berlin), and was released by Disney on October 16, 2015. Bridge of Spies received positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Q: Where was 'Bridge of Spies' filmed?
A: New York City, Berlin and Wroclaw, Poland
Knowledge: A number of Roman statues were imported from Florence , Italy , valued at over $ 150 @,@ 000 . Statues of Julius Caesar and emperors such as Augustus and Nero are particularly common at the Palace . There are many variations of Augustus throughout , including two copies of the Prima Porta Augustus . Author Margaret Malamud notes the contrast between his " sober and pious figure " in the Olympic Lounge and the " statue of Nero and his lyre with which it is paired " . There is a 25 feet ( 7 @.@ 6 m ) statue of the goddess Fortuna . One statue of David in the interior is an exact replica of an early 16th century Michelangelo masterpiece , standing 18 feet ( 5 @.@ 5 m ) high and weighing over nine tons .
In Malta , a replica of about one @-@ third of Rome 's Colosseum was built , to a height of 52 feet ( 15 @.@ 8 meters ) , mostly from plaster and plywood ( the other two @-@ thirds and remaining height were added digitally ) . The replica took several months to build and cost an estimated $ 1 million . The reverse side of the complex supplied a rich assortment of Ancient Roman street furniture , colonnades , gates , statuary , and marketplaces for other filming requirements . The complex was serviced by tented " costume villages " that had changing rooms , storage , armorers , and other facilities . The rest of the Colosseum was created in computer @-@ generated imagery using set @-@ design blueprints and textures referenced from live action , and rendered in three layers to provide lighting flexibility for compositing in Flame and Inferno software .
The spectacle involved 224 musicians on stage , the same involved in the recording : Vangelis , two harpists , the 75 @-@ person London Metropolitan Orchestra , the 120 @-@ person chorus of the Greek National Opera , plus newcomers Greek percussion ensembles Seistron and Typana , that provided 24 timpani . In the back , a projection screen measuring 180 metres in length and 24 metres in height ( 591 ft by 79 ft ) showed images of Mars supplied by NASA , combined with elements of ancient Greek mythology .
The exterior scenes of the Howard Johnson 's hotel were filmed in October 2011 at the Regency Inn and Suites in Baldwin Park , California . The hotel operated as a Howard Johnson 's from 1967 until it was sold in 1995 .
Principal photography began on May 10 , 2015 in Toronto , and ended on June 28 .
Question: where was my big fat greek wedding 2 filmed?
Answer: Toronto |