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{ "en": "While studying law and philosophy in England and Germany, Iqbal became a member of the London branch of the All India Muslim League. He came back to Lahore in 1908. While dividing his time between law practice and philosophical poetry, Iqbal had remained active in the Muslim League. He did not support Indian involvement in World War I and remained in close touch with Muslim political leaders such as Muhammad Ali Johar and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He was a critic of the mainstream Indian nationalist and secularist Indian National Congress. Iqbal's seven English lectures were published by Oxford University press in 1934 in a book titled The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. These lectures dwell on the role of Islam as a religion as well as a political and legal philosophy in the modern age.", "hi": "इंग्लैंड और जर्मनी में कानून और दर्शन का अध्ययन करते हुए, इकबाल ऑल इंडिया मुस्लिम लीग की लंदन शाखा का सदस्य बन गया। वह 1908 में लाहौर वापस आ गया। कानूनी अभ्यास और दार्शनिक कविता के बीच अपने समय को विभाजित करते हुए, इकबाल मुस्लिम लीग में सक्रिय रहे। उन्होंने प्रथम विश्व युद्ध में भारतीय भागीदारी का समर्थन नहीं किया और मुहम्मद अली जौहर और मुहम्मद अली जिन्ना जैसे मुस्लिम राजनीतिक नेताओं के साथ निकटता से संपर्क में रहे। वे मुख्यधारा के भारतीय राष्ट्रवादी और धर्मनिरपेक्षतावादी भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस के आलोचक थे। इकबाल के सात अंग्रेजी व्याख्यान ऑक्सफोर्ड यूनिवर्सिटी प्रेस द्वारा 1934 में एक किताब, जिसका शीर्षक था द रीकंस्ट्रक्शन ऑफ रिलिजियस थॉट इन इस्लाम, में प्रकाशित किए गए। ये व्याख्यान इस्लाम धर्म के साथ-साथ आधुनिक युग में राजनीतिक और कानूनी दर्शन पर आधारित हैं।" }

{ "en": "What book was Iqbal's seven English lectures published as?", "hi": "इकबाल के सात अंग्रेजी व्याख्यानों को किस पुस्तक में प्रकाशित किया गया था?" }

{ "en": [ "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam" ], "hi": [ "द रीकंस्ट्रक्शन ऑफ रिलिजियस थॉट इन इस्लाम" ] }

{ "en": [ 639, 639, 639 ], "hi": [ 619 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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{ "en": "For many years, Sudan had an Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi. His National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government in 1979. Turabi built a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia. He also recruited and built a cadre of influential loyalists by placing sympathetic students in the university and military academy while serving as minister of education.", "hi": "कई सालों तक, सूडान में हसन अल-तुरबी के नेतृत्व में इस्लामवादी शासन था। उनके राष्ट्रीय इस्लामिक मोर्चे ने पहली बार प्रभुत्व पाया जब 1979 में अपनी सरकार में सेवारत जनरल गफ़र अल-निमीरी ने सदस्यों को आमंत्रित किया। तुरबी ने विदेशी इस्लामिक बैंकिंग प्रणाली के पैसे से एक शक्तिशाली आर्थिक आधार बनाया, विशेष रूप से जो सऊदी अरब से जुड़े हुए थे। उन्होंने शिक्षा मंत्री के रूप में सेवा करते हुए विश्वविद्यालय और सैन्य अकादमी में सहानुभूति रखने वाले छात्रों को शामिल करके प्रभावशाली वफादारों का एक कैडर भी नियुक्त किया।" }

{ "en": "What type of regime ruled over Sudan for many years?", "hi": "किस प्रकार के शासन ने कई वर्षों तक सूडान पर शासन किया?" }

{ "en": [ "Islamist" ], "hi": [ "इस्लामवादी" ] }

{ "en": [ 29, 29, 29 ], "hi": [ 51 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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{ "en": "For many years, Sudan had an Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi. His National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government in 1979. Turabi built a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia. He also recruited and built a cadre of influential loyalists by placing sympathetic students in the university and military academy while serving as minister of education.", "hi": "कई सालों तक, सूडान में हसन अल-तुरबी के नेतृत्व में इस्लामवादी शासन था। उनके राष्ट्रीय इस्लामिक मोर्चे ने पहली बार प्रभुत्व पाया जब 1979 में अपनी सरकार में सेवारत जनरल गफ़र अल-निमीरी ने सदस्यों को आमंत्रित किया। तुरबी ने विदेशी इस्लामिक बैंकिंग प्रणाली के पैसे से एक शक्तिशाली आर्थिक आधार बनाया, विशेष रूप से जो सऊदी अरब से जुड़े हुए थे। उन्होंने शिक्षा मंत्री के रूप में सेवा करते हुए विश्वविद्यालय और सैन्य अकादमी में सहानुभूति रखने वाले छात्रों को शामिल करके प्रभावशाली वफादारों का एक कैडर भी नियुक्त किया।" }

{ "en": "Who was the leader of the Islamist regime in Sudan?", "hi": "सूडान में इस्लामी शासन का नेता कौन था?" }

{ "en": [ "Hassan al-Turabi" ], "hi": [ "हसन अल-तुरबी" ] }

{ "en": [ 69, 69, 69 ], "hi": [ 23 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Islamism", "History of Islamism", "Salafi movement", "Islamic terrorism", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Wahhabism", "Shia–Sunni divide", "Rashid Rida", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Criticism of Islamism", "History of Wahhabism", "Khomeinism", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region", "Abul A'la Maududi", "Salafi jihadism", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "Women in Islam", "Iranian Revolution", "Sharia", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Persecution of Christians", "History of Islam", "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", "Al-Qaeda", "History of Western civilization", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Sayyid Qutb", "Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Islamic State", "Hamas", "Iran–Iraq War", "Ideology of the Islamic State", "Saudi Arabia", "Political aspects of Islam", "Jihad", "Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist", "History of Tunisia", "Cold War", "Ruhollah Khomeini", "History of Iran", "Pakistan", "Caliphate", "Rise of Islamism by country", "Iran–United States relations", "History of Palestine", "Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war", "History of Germany", "Foreign relations of India", "Jihadism", "History of socialism", "History of France", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Amin al-Husseini", "History of Israel", "Foreign policy of the George W. 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{ "en": "For many years, Sudan had an Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi. His National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government in 1979. Turabi built a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia. He also recruited and built a cadre of influential loyalists by placing sympathetic students in the university and military academy while serving as minister of education.", "hi": "कई सालों तक, सूडान में हसन अल-तुरबी के नेतृत्व में इस्लामवादी शासन था। उनके राष्ट्रीय इस्लामिक मोर्चे ने पहली बार प्रभुत्व पाया जब 1979 में अपनी सरकार में सेवारत जनरल गफ़र अल-निमीरी ने सदस्यों को आमंत्रित किया। तुरबी ने विदेशी इस्लामिक बैंकिंग प्रणाली के पैसे से एक शक्तिशाली आर्थिक आधार बनाया, विशेष रूप से जो सऊदी अरब से जुड़े हुए थे। उन्होंने शिक्षा मंत्री के रूप में सेवा करते हुए विश्वविद्यालय और सैन्य अकादमी में सहानुभूति रखने वाले छात्रों को शामिल करके प्रभावशाली वफादारों का एक कैडर भी नियुक्त किया।" }

{ "en": "What organization did General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invite members of to serve in his government?", "hi": "जनरल गफ़र अल-निमीरी ने किस संगठन को अपनी सरकार में सेवा देने के लिए आमंत्रित किया?" }

{ "en": [ "National Islamic Front" ], "hi": [ "राष्ट्रीय इस्लामिक मोर्चे" ] }

{ "en": [ 91, 91, 91 ], "hi": [ 77 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Islamism", "History of Islamism", "Salafi movement", "Islamic terrorism", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Wahhabism", "Shia–Sunni divide", "Rashid Rida", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Criticism of Islamism", "History of Wahhabism", "Khomeinism", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region", "Abul A'la Maududi", "Salafi jihadism", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "Women in Islam", "Iranian Revolution", "Sharia", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Persecution of Christians", "History of Islam", "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", "Al-Qaeda", "History of Western civilization", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Sayyid Qutb", "Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Islamic State", "Hamas", "Iran–Iraq War", "Ideology of the Islamic State", "Saudi Arabia", "Political aspects of Islam", "Jihad", "Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist", "History of Tunisia", "Cold War", "Ruhollah Khomeini", "History of Iran", "Pakistan", "Caliphate", "Rise of Islamism by country", "Iran–United States relations", "History of Palestine", "Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war", "History of Germany", "Foreign relations of India", "Jihadism", "History of socialism", "History of France", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Amin al-Husseini", "History of Israel", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "History of Australia", "Islam and secularism", "Antisemitism in Islam", "Osama bin Laden", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Riba", "Foreign fighters in the Syrian Civil War and War in Iraq", "Foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war", "Islamic modernism", "History of terrorism", "Iran", "State-sponsored terrorism", "Egypt", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Sufi–Salafi relations", "Yemen", "Persecution of Muslims", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Freedom of religion in Asia by country", "Hezbollah", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Fidel Castro", "History of Poland", "United States involvement in regime change", "Islamic banking and finance", "Kashmir conflict", "Sunni Islam", "Development communication", "Arab Spring", "Fascism and ideology", "History of Austria", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Arabs", "Socialism", "Arab nationalism", "History of the United States", "Turkey–United States relations", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Suicide attack", "Rashid Rida during World War I", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Anti-Americanism", "World War II by country", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "History of the Islamic Republic of Iran", "Foreign relations of Israel", "History of the Middle East", "Saddam Hussein", "Takfiri", "American imperialism", "Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran", "Islamic fundamentalism", "Anti-communism", "History of Guatemala", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "Sectarianism", "Islam and democracy", "Ottoman Empire", "Latin America", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "Suez Crisis", "Gulf War", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "Nationalism", "History of liberalism", "Iraq", "Israel", "Islamic schools and branches", "1973 oil crisis", "Islam in India", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "LGBT people and Islam", "Syria", "People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran", "Bashar al-Assad", "Safavid Iran", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Institutional racism", "Ba'athist Iraq", "History of Algeria", "September 11 attacks", "History of Bangladesh", "Yusuf al-Qaradawi", "List of modern great powers", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "Ali Khamenei", "Miscegenation", "History of Lebanon", "War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Egyptians", "Iraq War", "2011 Egyptian revolution", "Marxism–Leninism", "Millennials", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Soviet Union", "History of United States foreign policy", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "Islamization in Pakistan", "International reactions to the Syrian civil war", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of the Netherlands", "Types of socialism", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of women in the United States", "Habib Bourguiba", "Druze", "Joseph Stalin", "Sufism", "Historikerstreit", "Islam in Indonesia", "Arab citizens of Israel", "Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "History of Afghanistan", "Slavic Native Faith", "Twelver Shi'ism", "Afghanistan", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "Nazism", "Israel–United States relations", "History of social democracy", "South African Border War", "Qutbism", "Apostasy in Islam", "History of slavery", "War on terror", "Madrasa", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Ahmad Shah Massoud", "Ulama", "Syrian civil war", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Presidency of Hafiz al-Assad", "Nawaz Sharif", "Populism", "Bahrain", "History of Pakistan (1947–present)", "Islam and violence", "Lebanese Civil War", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Ion Antonescu", "Vladimir Putin", "Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt", "Religion in China", "Civil rights movement", "Sudan", "History of Europe", "Islamic revival", "History of Nigeria", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Economic history of the United States", "Muslim world", "Hussein of Jordan", "Wartime sexual violence", "Leon Trotsky", "Isma'ilism", "Islam in the United States", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "History of the Philippines", "Afghan conflict", "Abu Musab al-Zarqawi", "Far-right politics", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Ayaan Hirsi Ali", "Islamophobia", "Ijtihad", "Qatar", "Bangladesh", "Boko Haram", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Hugo Chávez", "French Resistance", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Trumpism", "Uyghur genocide", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "History of the nude in art", "History of Mexican Americans", "Indira Gandhi", "Crusader states", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia", "Fascism", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Ayman al-Zawahiri", "Kuwait", "Farouk of Egypt", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Fake news", "Political positions of Joe Biden", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Mohammed bin Salman", "Foreign internal defense", "Benjamin Netanyahu", "Mexican Revolution", "China–United States relations", "Italy", "Al-Nusra Front", "Somalia", "Mao Zedong", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Greece", "Human rights in Saudi Arabia", "Libya", "Special Activities Center", "Takfir", "Ethnomusicology", "Tartan", "Muhammad", "Yom Kippur War", "Lebanon", "Central Intelligence Agency", "Religious persecution", "Turkey", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Political history of the world", "Cultural Revolution", "Afghan Arabs", "Algerian War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "Neoliberalism", "1953 Iranian coup d'état", "European Union law", "The Spirit of the Age", "Anti-Shi'ism", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "History of Zionism", "History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi", "Spanish Civil War", "Apartheid", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential election", "Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war", "United Russia", "Criticism of hadith", "Arab world", "Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration", "Houthi movement", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of Russia", "Criticism of the Quran", "Islam in Egypt", "CIA activities in Afghanistan", "History of Chechnya", "History of the Kuomintang", "Presidency of Barack Obama", "Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq", "Vladimir Lenin", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Pope John Paul II", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Nazi racial theories", "Persecution of Hindus", "History of Poles in the United States", "Networked advocacy", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Religion in Iran", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "History of Detroit", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Saudi Arabia–United States relations", "Henry Kissinger", "Jordan", "Jeremy Corbyn", "History of the Assyrians", "History of Israel (1948–present)", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war", "History of Bahrain", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "Islam in Australia", "Zhou Enlai", "American frontier", "Reconstruction era", "Arab League–Iran relations", "CIA activities in Iraq", "History of the Jews in Poland", "Mircea Eliade", "Iran–Pakistan relations", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Sierra Leone", "Ahmet Davutoğlu", "Racism in the United States", "Reformation", "Portugal", "History of Spain", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Age of Enlightenment", "Free Syrian Army", "Hezbollah armed strength", "Nicolae Iorga", "History of Syria", "Alt-right", "United Arab Emirates", "British Raj", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Zionism", "Iran–Saudi Arabia relations", "History of Scotland", "Islamic architecture", "Political views of Osama bin Laden", "Chiang Kai-shek", "History of Yemen", "History of Hungary", "Vietnam War", "History of the Central Intelligence Agency", "Nelson Mandela", "British National Party", "Special Relationship", "German resistance to Nazism", "Political positions of John McCain", "Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter", "Enoch Powell", "Julius Nyerere", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Israeli–Palestinian conflict", "History of Afghanistan (1978–1992)", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Killing of Osama bin Laden", "17 October Revolution", "Eastern Bloc", "Husayn ibn Ali", "Ahl-i Hadith", "Human rights in Bahrain", "Algerian Civil War", "Islam in China", "Yasser Arafat", "Contemporary history", "Imran Khan", "History of Christianity", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Shia Islam", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Native Americans in the United States", "Geography of antisemitism", "Islam in the United Kingdom", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Committee of Union and Progress", "History of Morocco", "Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia", "Anarchism in China", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Palestinians", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Conservatism", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "Che Guevara", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Confederate States of America", "Islam in Iran", "Jomo Kenyatta", "French Third Republic", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Protestantism", "New Deal", "History of Missouri", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of Zakynthos", "History of Ghana", "Presidency of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", "History of magic", "Faisal of Saudi Arabia", "Fatimid Caliphate", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "History of Lithuania", "Islam in Albania", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Racism", "History of Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Muslim Brotherhood in post-Mubarak electoral politics of Egypt", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "Arabic literature", "George Galloway", "Marriage", "History of anthropology by country", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Occupation of Iraq (2003–2011)", "Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate", "Indian independence movement", "Empire", "Barelvi movement", "History of propaganda", "Abbasid Caliphate", "Xi Jinping", "History of Malaysia", "Ketuanan Melayu", "Deobandi movement", "History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Naskh (tafsir)", "Algerian nationalism", "H. H. Asquith", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "George W. Bush", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Gaza Strip", "History of the Southern United States", "Kurds", "History of Mexico", "Turkish War of Independence", "Glossary of baseball terms", "History of the United States government", "Berbers", "Anti-imperialism", "Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign", "Detribalization", "France", "Foreign relations of China", "Presidency of Jimmy Carter", "Spread of Islam", "Ex-Muslims", "Baby boomers", "Russia", "Mujahideen", "Death squad", "Josip Broz Tito", "English Defence League", "Late modern period", "Algeria", "Light in painting", "Charles George Gordon", "Abdel Fattah el-Sisi", "Women in government", "List of book-burning incidents", "History of antisemitism", "Political positions of Ron Paul", "Napoleon III", "Sasanian Empire", "United Kingdom labour law", "Pope Pius XII", "Axis powers", "Moldova", "Ahrar al-Sham", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Islamic Government", "Jimmy Carter", "2020s in history", "Robert Mugabe", "Rashidun Caliphate", "2016 Turkish coup attempt", "Erwin Rommel", "2019–2021 Iraqi protests", "Abdullah II of Jordan", "Oman", "Iran–United States relations after 1979", "Russian Empire", "History of religion in the United States", "Forced conversion", "East Germany", "Slavery", "Nigeria", "History of Cuba", "Slavery in the United States", "Christianity", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", "South African labour law", "History of Albania", "Sukarno", "Dominican Republic", "Rationale for the Iraq War", "Women's suffrage", "History of Beijing", "Liberalism and progressivism within Islam", "Muslim conquests of Afghanistan", "Italian Americans", "Interracial marriage", "Chetniks", "Umayyad Caliphate", "1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Lithuania", "Donald Trump", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Mexico", "Aloysius Stepinac", "World Jewish Congress", "History of Somalia", "Democracy", "Kharijites", "Historiography of the British Empire", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Nigerian Civil War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "Early Muslim conquests", "Progressive Era", "War against the Islamic State", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "International reactions to the 2006 Lebanon War", "Anti-Iranian sentiment", "Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war", "History of United States prison systems", "History of Speyer", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Persecution of Baháʼís", "History of communism", "History of West Africa", "2012–2013 Egyptian protests", "Nation of Islam", "Police brutality by country", "Imperial Roman army", "Military history of Pakistan", "Al-Muhajiroun", "Kingdom of Italy", "Timeline of the Mahsa Amini protests", "French Directory", "Refugee crisis", "Al Jazeera controversies and criticism", "Alawites", "2014 Gaza War", "The Dresden Files characters", "Islamic philosophy", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Arab Christians", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Middle Ages", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Winston Churchill", "Islamic State of Iraq", "Boris Johnson", "Al-Shabaab (militant group)", "Political positions of Tulsi Gabbard", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Michael Heseltine", "Modern paganism", "American Civil Liberties Union", "Japan–United States relations", "Islamic extremism", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Foreign policy of the United States", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987)", "Olusegun Obasanjo", "Ken Livingstone", "Racial views of Donald Trump", "History of opera", "Greek War of Independence", "Views on the nuclear program of Iran", "Al-Azhar Mosque", "Chicano", "History of India", "History of Portugal", "Francisco Franco", "Industrial Revolution", "Human rights in China", "John F. Kennedy", "Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale", "Value-form", "Islamism in Sudan", "French Revolution", "Baháʼí Faith in Iran", "Women's rights", "Religion in the Middle East", "Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", "Jamal Khashoggi", "Lumumba Government", "Refugees of the Syrian civil war", "Islamic economics", "Regency of Algiers", "Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria", "Insurgency in Balochistan", "History of Belgium", "Cham Albanians", "Social media", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Economic history of Portugal", "Ancient Carthage", "Self-determination", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "Military history of Canada", "Somaliland War of Independence", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "History of feminism", "Bulgarian Turks", "Fatwa", "Iran–Israel relations", "Morocco", "Islamic eschatology", "Partition of India", "Albanian nationalism", "Relationship between religion and science", "History of Kuwait", "Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", "Christian culture", "Malaysian Islamic Party", "Muhammad Ali Jinnah", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of painting", "Jewish history", "International counter-terrorism activities of the CIA", "Jerusalem", "Religious war", "June 2013 Egyptian protests", "Vichy France", "Qing dynasty", "Atatürk's reforms", "Iran–Israel proxy conflict", "War on Islam controversy", "Deobandi jihadism", "Human rights in Israel", "Protest song", "Steele dossier", "North Yemen Civil War", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Freedom of religion", "Democracy in the Middle East and North Africa", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Polish–Soviet War", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Human rights in Egypt", "Timeline of the 2009 Iranian election protests", "2021 Taliban offensive", "Qatar diplomatic crisis", "History of Sikhism", "World War I", "History of Qatar", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Desmond Tutu", "History of Azerbaijan", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Economic history of France", "History of science", "Early Islamic philosophy", "History of Asia", "Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine", "List of Fables characters", "Tunisia", "American Civil War", "Generation Z in the United States", "Erasmus", "Mahatma Gandhi", "Belligerents in the Syrian civil war", "History of the Taliban", "Catholic Church", "Crusades", "Kerala", "Early modern period", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "American Revolution", "Albania", "Barack Obama", "Søren Kierkegaard", "History of the Jews in Iran", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "Ethiopia", "Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions", "Conscience", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "History of Málaga", "African-American history", "Armenian genocide recognition", "Pol Pot", "Anwar al-Awlaki", "Multiculturalism", "Saladin", "Military history of Japan", "2013–2014 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet", "Freedom of religion in Russia", "Liberalism", "History of the Jews in the United States", "History of Iraq", "Freedom of religion in Africa by country", "Pierre Trudeau", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Geert Wilders", "Martin Luther King Jr.", "Foreign policy of the Bashar al-Assad administration", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "History of the State of Palestine", "Women in science", "Contract", "Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region", "History of Protestantism", "History of Paris", "Vilnius", "Background and causes of the Iranian Revolution", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Puerto Rico", "2010s in political history", "Globalization", "Zbigniew Brzezinski", "Criticism of communist party rule", "French Indochina", "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Violence against women", "North Korea", "Iraq–United States relations", "Rohingya people", "Islamic state", "Turkish people", "Ayyubid dynasty", "Hillary Clinton", "Istishhad", "Moorish architecture", "United States labor law", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "Roman Empire", "Political positions of Elizabeth Warren", "Byzantine Empire", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections", "Temple Mount", "Orthodox Judaism", "Anglo-Saxons", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency", "Kuomintang", "History of democratic socialism", "Spain", "History of education in the United States", "History of Pakistan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Kurdistan Workers' Party", "Second Vatican Council", "History of Beirut", "Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011)", "History of the United States (1964–1980)", "Convention People's Party", "Venezuela", "List of national founders", "Interwar Britain", "Khmer Rouge", "Myanmar", "Anbar campaign (2003–2011)", "Mu'awiya I", "Hagia Sophia", "Criticism of Islam", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Korean War", "Georgia (country)", "List of communist ideologies", "Democratic peace theory", "Taiwan", "Cold War in Asia", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Harold Macmillan", "Historical negationism", "Persian Jews", "Riau Islands", "Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani", "2006 Lebanon War", "Republican Party (United States)", "Jizya", "Kazakhstan", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Paraguay", "Terrorism", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2012)", "Michel Foucault", "National Peasants' Party", "1964 split in the Communist Party of India", "Imperialism", "Falun Gong", "Urfa", "History of American newspapers", "Labor history of the United States", "Ali", "Peter Tatchell", "Political positions of Susan Collins", "Antisemitism", "Anti-Catholicism", "Culture of Saudi Arabia", "Second Intifada", "Ba'athism", "Military history of Australia", "Russia–United States relations", "Latin America–United States relations", "Pope Francis", "Hui people", "Nazi Germany", "History of the Jews in Russia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Park51", "Schools of Islamic theology", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "History of medicine", "Albanian nationalism in Albania", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Douglas MacArthur", "Vladimir Tismăneanu", "Cultural impact of the Beatles", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Sectarian violence in Pakistan", "Aurangzeb", "Blueberry (comics)", "History of Xinjiang", "Persecution of Buddhists", "European debt crisis", "Yazidis", "History of India (1947–present)", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "History of concubinage in the Muslim world", "Chiapas", "2009 Afghan presidential election", "Richard Nixon", "Militant career of Osama bin Laden", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State", "Separation of church and state", "David Cameron", "Chinese Filipino", "History of Hinduism", "International relations since 1989", "Unification Church", "African Americans", "Noam Chomsky", "Hungary", "Sardinian language", "History of Thailand", "History of Jamaica", "Petre P. Carp", "Ku Klux Klan", "United States invasion of Afghanistan", "Feminism", "Pacifism", "Women in music", "Shukri al-Quwatli", "Darul Uloom Deoband", "Judaism", "Assassination of Qasem Soleimani", "History of Transylvania", "History of Basilan", "Croat–Bosniak War", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "Mohamed Morsi", "Harry S. Truman", "Sheikh Mujibur Rahman", "Defamation", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Islamic views on slavery", "George Orwell", "Caste system in India", "Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi", "Revolutions of 1989", "Colonial history of the United States", "John McCain", "Spanish Empire", "Iraqi Ground Forces", "Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland", "South Korea", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Niall Ferguson", "Anjem Choudary", "Balfour Declaration", "Reform Judaism", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Well-being contributing factors", "Crusading movement", "Literacy", "Blockade of the Gaza Strip", "Christian theology", "Hebron", "Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66", "Lesbian", "Sweden", "Border control", "Liberalism in Egypt", "Cesar Chavez", "French Algeria", "History of Cumbria", "History of anarchism", "Sri Lankan Civil War", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)", "History of the Jews in Germany", "David Lloyd George", "Jean Chrétien", "Religious symbolism in the United States military", "Qatar and state-sponsored terrorism", "Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)", "Crisis in Venezuela", "Presidency of George W. Bush", "9/11 conspiracy theories", "Pakistan Army", "Islamofascism", "Blasphemy law", "Robert McNamara", "2012 Benghazi attack", "Mihail Sadoveanu", "Palestinian nationalism", "History of Kenya", "Estonia", "China–Pakistan Economic Corridor", "Weimar Republic", "Sarah Leah Whitson", "Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire", "Napoleon", "History of Finland", "Issues in anarchism", "Eastern esotericism", "Imperial examination", "Cossacks", "Sephardic Jews", "Thailand", "History of Guyana", "Rashidun army", "Israeli Jews", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "American Jews", "Rhodesia", "China", "Robert F. Kennedy", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Azerbaijan", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Serbia", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "Tây Sơn wars", "Marcus Garvey", "History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel", "Muslim supporters of Israel", "Colonial Nigeria" ]

{ "en": "For many years, Sudan had an Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi. His National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government in 1979. Turabi built a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia. He also recruited and built a cadre of influential loyalists by placing sympathetic students in the university and military academy while serving as minister of education.", "hi": "कई सालों तक, सूडान में हसन अल-तुरबी के नेतृत्व में इस्लामवादी शासन था। उनके राष्ट्रीय इस्लामिक मोर्चे ने पहली बार प्रभुत्व पाया जब 1979 में अपनी सरकार में सेवारत जनरल गफ़र अल-निमीरी ने सदस्यों को आमंत्रित किया। तुरबी ने विदेशी इस्लामिक बैंकिंग प्रणाली के पैसे से एक शक्तिशाली आर्थिक आधार बनाया, विशेष रूप से जो सऊदी अरब से जुड़े हुए थे। उन्होंने शिक्षा मंत्री के रूप में सेवा करते हुए विश्वविद्यालय और सैन्य अकादमी में सहानुभूति रखने वाले छात्रों को शामिल करके प्रभावशाली वफादारों का एक कैडर भी नियुक्त किया।" }

{ "en": "How did Turabi build a strong economic base?", "hi": "तुरबी ने एक मजबूत आर्थिक आधार कैसे बनाया?" }

{ "en": [ "money from foreign Islamist banking systems" ], "hi": [ "विदेशी इस्लामिक बैंकिंग प्रणाली के पैसे से" ] }

{ "en": [ 273, 268, 273 ], "hi": [ 221 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Islamism", "History of Islamism", "Salafi movement", "Islamic terrorism", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Wahhabism", "Shia–Sunni divide", "Rashid Rida", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Criticism of Islamism", "History of Wahhabism", "Khomeinism", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region", "Abul A'la Maududi", "Salafi jihadism", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "Women in Islam", "Iranian Revolution", "Sharia", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Persecution of Christians", "History of Islam", "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", "Al-Qaeda", "History of Western civilization", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Sayyid Qutb", "Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Islamic State", "Hamas", "Iran–Iraq War", "Ideology of the Islamic State", "Saudi Arabia", "Political aspects of Islam", "Jihad", "Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist", "History of Tunisia", "Cold War", "Ruhollah Khomeini", "History of Iran", "Pakistan", "Caliphate", "Rise of Islamism by country", "Iran–United States relations", "History of Palestine", "Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war", "History of Germany", "Foreign relations of India", "Jihadism", "History of socialism", "History of France", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Amin al-Husseini", "History of Israel", "Foreign policy of the George W. 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{ "en": "For many years, Sudan had an Islamist regime under the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi. His National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government in 1979. Turabi built a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamist banking systems, especially those linked with Saudi Arabia. He also recruited and built a cadre of influential loyalists by placing sympathetic students in the university and military academy while serving as minister of education.", "hi": "कई सालों तक, सूडान में हसन अल-तुरबी के नेतृत्व में इस्लामवादी शासन था। उनके राष्ट्रीय इस्लामिक मोर्चे ने पहली बार प्रभुत्व पाया जब 1979 में अपनी सरकार में सेवारत जनरल गफ़र अल-निमीरी ने सदस्यों को आमंत्रित किया। तुरबी ने विदेशी इस्लामिक बैंकिंग प्रणाली के पैसे से एक शक्तिशाली आर्थिक आधार बनाया, विशेष रूप से जो सऊदी अरब से जुड़े हुए थे। उन्होंने शिक्षा मंत्री के रूप में सेवा करते हुए विश्वविद्यालय और सैन्य अकादमी में सहानुभूति रखने वाले छात्रों को शामिल करके प्रभावशाली वफादारों का एक कैडर भी नियुक्त किया।" }

{ "en": "Where did Turabi place students sympathetic to his views?", "hi": "तुरबी ने छात्रों को अपने विचारों के प्रति सहानुभूति कहाँ से दी?" }

{ "en": [ "university and military academy" ], "hi": [ "विश्वविद्यालय और सैन्य अकादमी" ] }

{ "en": [ 461, 457, 461 ], "hi": [ 386 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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{ "en": "\"The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh by its many detractors), is a Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant group which is led by and mainly composed of Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide. As of March 2015[update], it had control over territory occupied by ten million people in Iraq and Syria, and has nominal control over small areas of Libya, Nigeria and Afghanistan. (While a self-described state, it lacks international recognition.) The group also operates or has affiliates in other parts of the world, including North Africa and South Asia.", "hi": "\"द इस्लामिक स्टेट\", जिसे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक एंड द लेवेंट\" के नाम से और उससे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक\" के रूप में, (और इसके कई आलोचकों द्वारा संक्षिप्त रूप में दाइश (Daesh) कहा गया) जाना जाता था, एक वहाबी / सलाफी जिहादी चरमपंथी आतंकवादी समूह, जिसका नेतृत्व इराक और सीरिया से मुख्य रूप से सुन्नी अरबों द्वारा किया जाता है। 2014 में, समूह ने खुद को दुनिया भर के सभी मुसलमानों पर धार्मिक, राजनीतिक और सैन्य अधिकार के साथ एक खिलाफ़त घोषित किया। मार्च 2015 [अधतन] के अनुसार, इसका इराक और सीरिया में दस लाख लोगों के कब्जे वाले क्षेत्र पर नियंत्रण था, और लीबिया, नाइजीरिया और अफगानिस्तान के छोटे क्षेत्रों पर नाममात्र का नियंत्रण था। (स्व-वर्णित स्थिति के दौरान, इसमें अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मान्यता का अभाव है।) समूह उत्तरी अफ्रीका और दक्षिण एशिया सहित दुनिया के अन्य हिस्सों को संचालित करता है या इनमें सहयोगी है।" }

{ "en": "What type of group is The Islamic State?", "hi": "इस्लामिक स्टेट किस प्रकार का समूह है?" }

{ "en": [ "Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant" ], "hi": [ "वहाबी / सलाफी जिहादी चरमपंथी आतंकवादी" ] }

{ "en": [ 190, 190, 214 ], "hi": [ 214 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Islamism", "History of Islamism", "Salafi movement", "Islamic terrorism", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Wahhabism", "Shia–Sunni divide", "Rashid Rida", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Criticism of Islamism", "History of Wahhabism", "Khomeinism", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region", "Abul A'la Maududi", "Salafi jihadism", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "Women in Islam", "Iranian Revolution", "Sharia", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Persecution of Christians", "History of Islam", "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", "Al-Qaeda", "History of Western civilization", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Sayyid Qutb", "Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Islamic State", "Hamas", "Iran–Iraq War", "Ideology of the Islamic State", "Saudi Arabia", "Political aspects of Islam", "Jihad", "Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist", "History of Tunisia", "Cold War", "Ruhollah Khomeini", "History of Iran", "Pakistan", "Caliphate", "Rise of Islamism by country", "Iran–United States relations", "History of Palestine", "Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war", "History of Germany", "Foreign relations of India", "Jihadism", "History of socialism", "History of France", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Amin al-Husseini", "History of Israel", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "History of Australia", "Islam and secularism", "Antisemitism in Islam", "Osama bin Laden", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Riba", "Foreign fighters in the Syrian Civil War and War in Iraq", "Foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war", "Islamic modernism", "History of terrorism", "Iran", "State-sponsored terrorism", "Egypt", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Sufi–Salafi relations", "Yemen", "Persecution of Muslims", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Freedom of religion in Asia by country", "Hezbollah", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Fidel Castro", "History of Poland", "United States involvement in regime change", "Islamic banking and finance", "Kashmir conflict", "Sunni Islam", "Development communication", "Arab Spring", "Fascism and ideology", "History of Austria", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Arabs", 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{ "en": "\"The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh by its many detractors), is a Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant group which is led by and mainly composed of Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide. As of March 2015[update], it had control over territory occupied by ten million people in Iraq and Syria, and has nominal control over small areas of Libya, Nigeria and Afghanistan. (While a self-described state, it lacks international recognition.) The group also operates or has affiliates in other parts of the world, including North Africa and South Asia.", "hi": "\"द इस्लामिक स्टेट\", जिसे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक एंड द लेवेंट\" के नाम से और उससे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक\" के रूप में, (और इसके कई आलोचकों द्वारा संक्षिप्त रूप में दाइश (Daesh) कहा गया) जाना जाता था, एक वहाबी / सलाफी जिहादी चरमपंथी आतंकवादी समूह, जिसका नेतृत्व इराक और सीरिया से मुख्य रूप से सुन्नी अरबों द्वारा किया जाता है। 2014 में, समूह ने खुद को दुनिया भर के सभी मुसलमानों पर धार्मिक, राजनीतिक और सैन्य अधिकार के साथ एक खिलाफ़त घोषित किया। मार्च 2015 [अधतन] के अनुसार, इसका इराक और सीरिया में दस लाख लोगों के कब्जे वाले क्षेत्र पर नियंत्रण था, और लीबिया, नाइजीरिया और अफगानिस्तान के छोटे क्षेत्रों पर नाममात्र का नियंत्रण था। (स्व-वर्णित स्थिति के दौरान, इसमें अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मान्यता का अभाव है।) समूह उत्तरी अफ्रीका और दक्षिण एशिया सहित दुनिया के अन्य हिस्सों को संचालित करता है या इनमें सहयोगी है।" }

{ "en": "Who leads The Islamic State?", "hi": "इस्लामिक स्टेट का नेतृत्व कौन करता है?" }

{ "en": [ "Sunni Arabs" ], "hi": [ "सुन्नी अरबों" ] }

{ "en": [ 278, 278, 278 ], "hi": [ 304 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Islamism", "History of Islamism", "Salafi movement", "Islamic terrorism", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Wahhabism", "Shia–Sunni divide", "Rashid Rida", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Criticism of Islamism", "History of Wahhabism", "Khomeinism", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region", "Abul A'la Maududi", "Salafi jihadism", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "Women in Islam", "Iranian Revolution", "Sharia", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Persecution of Christians", "History of Islam", "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", "Al-Qaeda", "History of Western civilization", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Sayyid Qutb", "Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Islamic State", "Hamas", "Iran–Iraq War", "Ideology of the Islamic State", "Saudi Arabia", "Political aspects of Islam", "Jihad", "Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist", "History of Tunisia", "Cold War", "Ruhollah Khomeini", "History of Iran", "Pakistan", "Caliphate", "Rise of Islamism by country", "Iran–United States relations", "History of Palestine", "Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war", "History of Germany", "Foreign relations of India", "Jihadism", "History of socialism", "History of France", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Amin al-Husseini", "History of Israel", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "History of Australia", "Islam and secularism", "Antisemitism in Islam", "Osama bin Laden", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Riba", "Foreign fighters in the Syrian Civil War and War in Iraq", "Foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war", "Islamic modernism", "History of terrorism", "Iran", "State-sponsored terrorism", "Egypt", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Sufi–Salafi relations", "Yemen", "Persecution of Muslims", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Freedom of religion in Asia by country", "Hezbollah", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Fidel Castro", "History of Poland", "United States involvement in regime change", "Islamic banking and finance", "Kashmir conflict", "Sunni Islam", "Development communication", "Arab Spring", "Fascism and ideology", "History of Austria", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Arabs", "Socialism", "Arab nationalism", "History of the United States", "Turkey–United States relations", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Suicide attack", "Rashid Rida during World War I", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Anti-Americanism", "World War II by country", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "History of the Islamic Republic of Iran", "Foreign relations of Israel", "History of the Middle East", "Saddam Hussein", "Takfiri", "American imperialism", "Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran", "Islamic fundamentalism", "Anti-communism", "History of Guatemala", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "Sectarianism", "Islam and democracy", "Ottoman Empire", "Latin America", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "Suez Crisis", "Gulf War", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "Nationalism", "History of liberalism", "Iraq", "Israel", "Islamic schools and branches", "1973 oil crisis", "Islam in India", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "LGBT people and Islam", "Syria", "People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran", "Bashar al-Assad", "Safavid Iran", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Institutional racism", "Ba'athist Iraq", "History of Algeria", "September 11 attacks", "History of Bangladesh", "Yusuf al-Qaradawi", "List of modern great powers", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "Ali Khamenei", "Miscegenation", "History of Lebanon", "War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Egyptians", "Iraq War", "2011 Egyptian revolution", "Marxism–Leninism", "Millennials", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Soviet Union", "History of United States foreign policy", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "Islamization in Pakistan", "International reactions to the Syrian civil war", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of the Netherlands", "Types of socialism", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of women in the United States", "Habib Bourguiba", "Druze", "Joseph Stalin", "Sufism", "Historikerstreit", "Islam in Indonesia", "Arab citizens of Israel", "Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "History of Afghanistan", "Slavic Native Faith", "Twelver Shi'ism", "Afghanistan", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "Nazism", "Israel–United States relations", "History of social democracy", "South African Border War", "Qutbism", "Apostasy in Islam", "History of slavery", "War on terror", "Madrasa", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Ahmad Shah Massoud", "Ulama", "Syrian civil war", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Presidency of Hafiz al-Assad", "Nawaz Sharif", "Populism", "Bahrain", "History of Pakistan (1947–present)", "Islam and violence", "Lebanese Civil War", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Ion Antonescu", "Vladimir Putin", "Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt", "Religion in China", "Civil rights movement", "Sudan", "History of Europe", "Islamic revival", "History of Nigeria", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Economic history of the United States", "Muslim world", "Hussein of Jordan", "Wartime sexual violence", "Leon Trotsky", "Isma'ilism", "Islam in the United States", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "History of the Philippines", "Afghan conflict", "Abu Musab al-Zarqawi", "Far-right politics", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Ayaan Hirsi Ali", "Islamophobia", "Ijtihad", "Qatar", "Bangladesh", "Boko Haram", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Hugo Chávez", "French Resistance", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Trumpism", "Uyghur genocide", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "History of the nude in art", "History of Mexican Americans", "Indira Gandhi", "Crusader states", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia", "Fascism", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Ayman al-Zawahiri", "Kuwait", "Farouk of Egypt", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Fake news", "Political positions of Joe Biden", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Mohammed bin Salman", "Foreign internal defense", "Benjamin Netanyahu", "Mexican Revolution", "China–United States relations", "Italy", "Al-Nusra Front", "Somalia", "Mao Zedong", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Greece", "Human rights in Saudi Arabia", "Libya", "Special Activities Center", "Takfir", "Ethnomusicology", "Tartan", "Muhammad", "Yom Kippur War", "Lebanon", "Central Intelligence Agency", "Religious persecution", "Turkey", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Political history of the world", "Cultural Revolution", "Afghan Arabs", "Algerian War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "Neoliberalism", "1953 Iranian coup d'état", "European Union law", "The Spirit of the Age", "Anti-Shi'ism", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "History of Zionism", "History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi", "Spanish Civil War", "Apartheid", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential election", "Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war", "United Russia", "Criticism of hadith", "Arab world", "Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration", "Houthi movement", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of Russia", "Criticism of the Quran", "Islam in Egypt", "CIA activities in Afghanistan", "History of Chechnya", "History of the Kuomintang", "Presidency of Barack Obama", "Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq", "Vladimir Lenin", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Pope John Paul II", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Nazi racial theories", "Persecution of Hindus", "History of Poles in the United States", "Networked advocacy", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Religion in Iran", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "History of Detroit", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Saudi Arabia–United States relations", "Henry Kissinger", "Jordan", "Jeremy Corbyn", "History of the Assyrians", "History of Israel (1948–present)", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war", "History of Bahrain", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "Islam in Australia", "Zhou Enlai", "American frontier", "Reconstruction era", "Arab League–Iran relations", "CIA activities in Iraq", "History of the Jews in Poland", "Mircea Eliade", "Iran–Pakistan relations", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Sierra Leone", "Ahmet Davutoğlu", "Racism in the United States", "Reformation", "Portugal", "History of Spain", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Age of Enlightenment", "Free Syrian Army", "Hezbollah armed strength", "Nicolae Iorga", "History of Syria", "Alt-right", "United Arab Emirates", "British Raj", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Zionism", "Iran–Saudi Arabia relations", "History of Scotland", "Islamic architecture", "Political views of Osama bin Laden", "Chiang Kai-shek", "History of Yemen", "History of Hungary", "Vietnam War", "History of the Central Intelligence Agency", "Nelson Mandela", "British National Party", "Special Relationship", "German resistance to Nazism", "Political positions of John McCain", "Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter", "Enoch Powell", "Julius Nyerere", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Israeli–Palestinian conflict", "History of Afghanistan (1978–1992)", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Killing of Osama bin Laden", "17 October Revolution", "Eastern Bloc", "Husayn ibn Ali", "Ahl-i Hadith", "Human rights in Bahrain", "Algerian Civil War", "Islam in China", "Yasser Arafat", "Contemporary history", "Imran Khan", "History of Christianity", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Shia Islam", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Native Americans in the United States", "Geography of antisemitism", "Islam in the United Kingdom", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Committee of Union and Progress", "History of Morocco", "Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia", "Anarchism in China", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Palestinians", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Conservatism", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "Che Guevara", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Confederate States of America", "Islam in Iran", "Jomo Kenyatta", "French Third Republic", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Protestantism", "New Deal", "History of Missouri", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of Zakynthos", "History of Ghana", "Presidency of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", "History of magic", "Faisal of Saudi Arabia", "Fatimid Caliphate", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "History of Lithuania", "Islam in Albania", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Racism", "History of Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Muslim Brotherhood in post-Mubarak electoral politics of Egypt", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "Arabic literature", "George Galloway", "Marriage", "History of anthropology by country", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Occupation of Iraq (2003–2011)", "Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate", "Indian independence movement", "Empire", "Barelvi movement", "History of propaganda", "Abbasid Caliphate", "Xi Jinping", "History of Malaysia", "Ketuanan Melayu", "Deobandi movement", "History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Naskh (tafsir)", "Algerian nationalism", "H. H. Asquith", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "George W. Bush", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Gaza Strip", "History of the Southern United States", "Kurds", "History of Mexico", "Turkish War of Independence", "Glossary of baseball terms", "History of the United States government", "Berbers", "Anti-imperialism", "Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign", "Detribalization", "France", "Foreign relations of China", "Presidency of Jimmy Carter", "Spread of Islam", "Ex-Muslims", "Baby boomers", "Russia", "Mujahideen", "Death squad", "Josip Broz Tito", "English Defence League", "Late modern period", "Algeria", "Light in painting", "Charles George Gordon", "Abdel Fattah el-Sisi", "Women in government", "List of book-burning incidents", "History of antisemitism", "Political positions of Ron Paul", "Napoleon III", "Sasanian Empire", "United Kingdom labour law", "Pope Pius XII", "Axis powers", "Moldova", "Ahrar al-Sham", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Islamic Government", "Jimmy Carter", "2020s in history", "Robert Mugabe", "Rashidun Caliphate", "2016 Turkish coup attempt", "Erwin Rommel", "2019–2021 Iraqi protests", "Abdullah II of Jordan", "Oman", "Iran–United States relations after 1979", "Russian Empire", "History of religion in the United States", "Forced conversion", "East Germany", "Slavery", "Nigeria", "History of Cuba", "Slavery in the United States", "Christianity", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", "South African labour law", "History of Albania", "Sukarno", "Dominican Republic", "Rationale for the Iraq War", "Women's suffrage", "History of Beijing", "Liberalism and progressivism within Islam", "Muslim conquests of Afghanistan", "Italian Americans", "Interracial marriage", "Chetniks", "Umayyad Caliphate", "1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Lithuania", "Donald Trump", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Mexico", "Aloysius Stepinac", "World Jewish Congress", "History of Somalia", "Democracy", "Kharijites", "Historiography of the British Empire", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Nigerian Civil War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "Early Muslim conquests", "Progressive Era", "War against the Islamic State", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "International reactions to the 2006 Lebanon War", "Anti-Iranian sentiment", "Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war", "History of United States prison systems", "History of Speyer", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Persecution of Baháʼís", "History of communism", "History of West Africa", "2012–2013 Egyptian protests", "Nation of Islam", "Police brutality by country", "Imperial Roman army", "Military history of Pakistan", "Al-Muhajiroun", "Kingdom of Italy", "Timeline of the Mahsa Amini protests", "French Directory", "Refugee crisis", "Al Jazeera controversies and criticism", "Alawites", "2014 Gaza War", "The Dresden Files characters", "Islamic philosophy", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Arab Christians", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Middle Ages", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Winston Churchill", "Islamic State of Iraq", "Boris Johnson", "Al-Shabaab (militant group)", "Political positions of Tulsi Gabbard", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Michael Heseltine", "Modern paganism", "American Civil Liberties Union", "Japan–United States relations", "Islamic extremism", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Foreign policy of the United States", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987)", "Olusegun Obasanjo", "Ken Livingstone", "Racial views of Donald Trump", "History of opera", "Greek War of Independence", "Views on the nuclear program of Iran", "Al-Azhar Mosque", "Chicano", "History of India", "History of Portugal", "Francisco Franco", "Industrial Revolution", "Human rights in China", "John F. Kennedy", "Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale", "Value-form", "Islamism in Sudan", "French Revolution", "Baháʼí Faith in Iran", "Women's rights", "Religion in the Middle East", "Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", "Jamal Khashoggi", "Lumumba Government", "Refugees of the Syrian civil war", "Islamic economics", "Regency of Algiers", "Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria", "Insurgency in Balochistan", "History of Belgium", "Cham Albanians", "Social media", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Economic history of Portugal", "Ancient Carthage", "Self-determination", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "Military history of Canada", "Somaliland War of Independence", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "History of feminism", "Bulgarian Turks", "Fatwa", "Iran–Israel relations", "Morocco", "Islamic eschatology", "Partition of India", "Albanian nationalism", "Relationship between religion and science", "History of Kuwait", "Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", "Christian culture", "Malaysian Islamic Party", "Muhammad Ali Jinnah", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of painting", "Jewish history", "International counter-terrorism activities of the CIA", "Jerusalem", "Religious war", "June 2013 Egyptian protests", "Vichy France", "Qing dynasty", "Atatürk's reforms", "Iran–Israel proxy conflict", "War on Islam controversy", "Deobandi jihadism", "Human rights in Israel", "Protest song", "Steele dossier", "North Yemen Civil War", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Freedom of religion", "Democracy in the Middle East and North Africa", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Polish–Soviet War", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Human rights in Egypt", "Timeline of the 2009 Iranian election protests", "2021 Taliban offensive", "Qatar diplomatic crisis", "History of Sikhism", "World War I", "History of Qatar", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Desmond Tutu", "History of Azerbaijan", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Economic history of France", "History of science", "Early Islamic philosophy", "History of Asia", "Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine", "List of Fables characters", "Tunisia", "American Civil War", "Generation Z in the United States", "Erasmus", "Mahatma Gandhi", "Belligerents in the Syrian civil war", "History of the Taliban", "Catholic Church", "Crusades", "Kerala", "Early modern period", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "American Revolution", "Albania", "Barack Obama", "Søren Kierkegaard", "History of the Jews in Iran", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "Ethiopia", "Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions", "Conscience", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "History of Málaga", "African-American history", "Armenian genocide recognition", "Pol Pot", "Anwar al-Awlaki", "Multiculturalism", "Saladin", "Military history of Japan", "2013–2014 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet", "Freedom of religion in Russia", "Liberalism", "History of the Jews in the United States", "History of Iraq", "Freedom of religion in Africa by country", "Pierre Trudeau", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Geert Wilders", "Martin Luther King Jr.", "Foreign policy of the Bashar al-Assad administration", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "History of the State of Palestine", "Women in science", "Contract", "Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region", "History of Protestantism", "History of Paris", "Vilnius", "Background and causes of the Iranian Revolution", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Puerto Rico", "2010s in political history", "Globalization", "Zbigniew Brzezinski", "Criticism of communist party rule", "French Indochina", "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Violence against women", "North Korea", "Iraq–United States relations", "Rohingya people", "Islamic state", "Turkish people", "Ayyubid dynasty", "Hillary Clinton", "Istishhad", "Moorish architecture", "United States labor law", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "Roman Empire", "Political positions of Elizabeth Warren", "Byzantine Empire", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections", "Temple Mount", "Orthodox Judaism", "Anglo-Saxons", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency", "Kuomintang", "History of democratic socialism", "Spain", "History of education in the United States", "History of Pakistan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Kurdistan Workers' Party", "Second Vatican Council", "History of Beirut", "Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011)", "History of the United States (1964–1980)", "Convention People's Party", "Venezuela", "List of national founders", "Interwar Britain", "Khmer Rouge", "Myanmar", "Anbar campaign (2003–2011)", "Mu'awiya I", "Hagia Sophia", "Criticism of Islam", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Korean War", "Georgia (country)", "List of communist ideologies", "Democratic peace theory", "Taiwan", "Cold War in Asia", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Harold Macmillan", "Historical negationism", "Persian Jews", "Riau Islands", "Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani", "2006 Lebanon War", "Republican Party (United States)", "Jizya", "Kazakhstan", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Paraguay", "Terrorism", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2012)", "Michel Foucault", "National Peasants' Party", "1964 split in the Communist Party of India", "Imperialism", "Falun Gong", "Urfa", "History of American newspapers", "Labor history of the United States", "Ali", "Peter Tatchell", "Political positions of Susan Collins", "Antisemitism", "Anti-Catholicism", "Culture of Saudi Arabia", "Second Intifada", "Ba'athism", "Military history of Australia", "Russia–United States relations", "Latin America–United States relations", "Pope Francis", "Hui people", "Nazi Germany", "History of the Jews in Russia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Park51", "Schools of Islamic theology", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "History of medicine", "Albanian nationalism in Albania", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Douglas MacArthur", "Vladimir Tismăneanu", "Cultural impact of the Beatles", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Sectarian violence in Pakistan", "Aurangzeb", "Blueberry (comics)", "History of Xinjiang", "Persecution of Buddhists", "European debt crisis", "Yazidis", "History of India (1947–present)", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "History of concubinage in the Muslim world", "Chiapas", "2009 Afghan presidential election", "Richard Nixon", "Militant career of Osama bin Laden", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State", "Separation of church and state", "David Cameron", "Chinese Filipino", "History of Hinduism", "International relations since 1989", "Unification Church", "African Americans", "Noam Chomsky", "Hungary", "Sardinian language", "History of Thailand", "History of Jamaica", "Petre P. Carp", "Ku Klux Klan", "United States invasion of Afghanistan", "Feminism", "Pacifism", "Women in music", "Shukri al-Quwatli", "Darul Uloom Deoband", "Judaism", "Assassination of Qasem Soleimani", "History of Transylvania", "History of Basilan", "Croat–Bosniak War", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "Mohamed Morsi", "Harry S. Truman", "Sheikh Mujibur Rahman", "Defamation", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Islamic views on slavery", "George Orwell", "Caste system in India", "Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi", "Revolutions of 1989", "Colonial history of the United States", "John McCain", "Spanish Empire", "Iraqi Ground Forces", "Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland", "South Korea", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Niall Ferguson", "Anjem Choudary", "Balfour Declaration", "Reform Judaism", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Well-being contributing factors", "Crusading movement", "Literacy", "Blockade of the Gaza Strip", "Christian theology", "Hebron", "Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66", "Lesbian", "Sweden", "Border control", "Liberalism in Egypt", "Cesar Chavez", "French Algeria", "History of Cumbria", "History of anarchism", "Sri Lankan Civil War", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)", "History of the Jews in Germany", "David Lloyd George", "Jean Chrétien", "Religious symbolism in the United States military", "Qatar and state-sponsored terrorism", "Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)", "Crisis in Venezuela", "Presidency of George W. Bush", "9/11 conspiracy theories", "Pakistan Army", "Islamofascism", "Blasphemy law", "Robert McNamara", "2012 Benghazi attack", "Mihail Sadoveanu", "Palestinian nationalism", "History of Kenya", "Estonia", "China–Pakistan Economic Corridor", "Weimar Republic", "Sarah Leah Whitson", "Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire", "Napoleon", "History of Finland", "Issues in anarchism", "Eastern esotericism", "Imperial examination", "Cossacks", "Sephardic Jews", "Thailand", "History of Guyana", "Rashidun army", "Israeli Jews", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "American Jews", "Rhodesia", "China", "Robert F. Kennedy", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Azerbaijan", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Serbia", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "Tây Sơn wars", "Marcus Garvey", "History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel", "Muslim supporters of Israel", "Colonial Nigeria" ]

{ "en": "\"The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh by its many detractors), is a Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant group which is led by and mainly composed of Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide. As of March 2015[update], it had control over territory occupied by ten million people in Iraq and Syria, and has nominal control over small areas of Libya, Nigeria and Afghanistan. (While a self-described state, it lacks international recognition.) The group also operates or has affiliates in other parts of the world, including North Africa and South Asia.", "hi": "\"द इस्लामिक स्टेट\", जिसे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक एंड द लेवेंट\" के नाम से और उससे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक\" के रूप में, (और इसके कई आलोचकों द्वारा संक्षिप्त रूप में दाइश (Daesh) कहा गया) जाना जाता था, एक वहाबी / सलाफी जिहादी चरमपंथी आतंकवादी समूह, जिसका नेतृत्व इराक और सीरिया से मुख्य रूप से सुन्नी अरबों द्वारा किया जाता है। 2014 में, समूह ने खुद को दुनिया भर के सभी मुसलमानों पर धार्मिक, राजनीतिक और सैन्य अधिकार के साथ एक खिलाफ़त घोषित किया। मार्च 2015 [अधतन] के अनुसार, इसका इराक और सीरिया में दस लाख लोगों के कब्जे वाले क्षेत्र पर नियंत्रण था, और लीबिया, नाइजीरिया और अफगानिस्तान के छोटे क्षेत्रों पर नाममात्र का नियंत्रण था। (स्व-वर्णित स्थिति के दौरान, इसमें अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मान्यता का अभाव है।) समूह उत्तरी अफ्रीका और दक्षिण एशिया सहित दुनिया के अन्य हिस्सों को संचालित करता है या इनमें सहयोगी है।" }

{ "en": "How many people did the Islamic State control the territory of as of March 2015?", "hi": "मार्च 2015 तक इस्लामिक स्टेट ने कितने लोगों को नियंत्रित किया?" }

{ "en": [ "ten million" ], "hi": [ "दस लाख" ] }

{ "en": [ 506, 506, 506 ], "hi": [ 510 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Islamism", "History of Islamism", "Salafi movement", "Islamic terrorism", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Wahhabism", "Shia–Sunni divide", "Rashid Rida", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Criticism of Islamism", "History of Wahhabism", "Khomeinism", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region", "Abul A'la Maududi", "Salafi jihadism", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "Women in Islam", "Iranian Revolution", "Sharia", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Persecution of Christians", "History of Islam", "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", "Al-Qaeda", "History of Western civilization", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Sayyid Qutb", "Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Islamic State", "Hamas", "Iran–Iraq War", "Ideology of the Islamic State", "Saudi Arabia", "Political aspects of Islam", "Jihad", "Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist", "History of Tunisia", "Cold War", "Ruhollah Khomeini", "History of Iran", "Pakistan", "Caliphate", "Rise of Islamism by country", "Iran–United States relations", "History of Palestine", "Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war", "History of Germany", "Foreign relations of India", "Jihadism", "History of socialism", "History of France", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Amin al-Husseini", "History of Israel", "Foreign policy of the George W. 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"Ayman al-Zawahiri", "Kuwait", "Farouk of Egypt", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Fake news", "Political positions of Joe Biden", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Mohammed bin Salman", "Foreign internal defense", "Benjamin Netanyahu", "Mexican Revolution", "China–United States relations", "Italy", "Al-Nusra Front", "Somalia", "Mao Zedong", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Greece", "Human rights in Saudi Arabia", "Libya", "Special Activities Center", "Takfir", "Ethnomusicology", "Tartan", "Muhammad", "Yom Kippur War", "Lebanon", "Central Intelligence Agency", "Religious persecution", "Turkey", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Political history of the world", "Cultural Revolution", "Afghan Arabs", "Algerian War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "Neoliberalism", "1953 Iranian coup d'état", "European Union law", "The Spirit of the Age", "Anti-Shi'ism", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "History of Zionism", "History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi", "Spanish Civil War", "Apartheid", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential election", "Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war", "United Russia", "Criticism of hadith", "Arab world", "Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration", "Houthi movement", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of Russia", "Criticism of the Quran", "Islam in Egypt", "CIA activities in Afghanistan", "History of Chechnya", "History of the Kuomintang", "Presidency of Barack Obama", "Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq", "Vladimir Lenin", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Pope John Paul II", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Nazi racial theories", "Persecution of Hindus", "History of Poles in the United States", "Networked advocacy", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Religion in Iran", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "History of Detroit", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Saudi Arabia–United States relations", "Henry Kissinger", "Jordan", "Jeremy Corbyn", "History of the Assyrians", "History of Israel (1948–present)", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war", "History of Bahrain", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "Islam in Australia", "Zhou Enlai", "American frontier", "Reconstruction era", "Arab League–Iran relations", "CIA activities in Iraq", "History of the Jews in Poland", "Mircea Eliade", "Iran–Pakistan relations", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Sierra Leone", "Ahmet Davutoğlu", "Racism in the United States", "Reformation", "Portugal", "History of Spain", "Presidency of Dwight D. 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{ "en": "\"The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh by its many detractors), is a Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant group which is led by and mainly composed of Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide. As of March 2015[update], it had control over territory occupied by ten million people in Iraq and Syria, and has nominal control over small areas of Libya, Nigeria and Afghanistan. (While a self-described state, it lacks international recognition.) The group also operates or has affiliates in other parts of the world, including North Africa and South Asia.", "hi": "\"द इस्लामिक स्टेट\", जिसे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक एंड द लेवेंट\" के नाम से और उससे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक\" के रूप में, (और इसके कई आलोचकों द्वारा संक्षिप्त रूप में दाइश (Daesh) कहा गया) जाना जाता था, एक वहाबी / सलाफी जिहादी चरमपंथी आतंकवादी समूह, जिसका नेतृत्व इराक और सीरिया से मुख्य रूप से सुन्नी अरबों द्वारा किया जाता है। 2014 में, समूह ने खुद को दुनिया भर के सभी मुसलमानों पर धार्मिक, राजनीतिक और सैन्य अधिकार के साथ एक खिलाफ़त घोषित किया। मार्च 2015 [अधतन] के अनुसार, इसका इराक और सीरिया में दस लाख लोगों के कब्जे वाले क्षेत्र पर नियंत्रण था, और लीबिया, नाइजीरिया और अफगानिस्तान के छोटे क्षेत्रों पर नाममात्र का नियंत्रण था। (स्व-वर्णित स्थिति के दौरान, इसमें अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मान्यता का अभाव है।) समूह उत्तरी अफ्रीका और दक्षिण एशिया सहित दुनिया के अन्य हिस्सों को संचालित करता है या इनमें सहयोगी है।" }

{ "en": "What does the Islamic State lack from the international community?", "hi": "अंतर्राष्ट्रीय समुदाय की तरफ़ से इस्लामिक स्टेट में क्या कमी है?" }

{ "en": [ "recognition" ], "hi": [ "मान्यता" ] }

{ "en": [ 674, 660, 674 ], "hi": [ 693 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Islamism", "History of Islamism", "Salafi movement", "Islamic terrorism", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Wahhabism", "Shia–Sunni divide", "Rashid Rida", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Criticism of Islamism", "History of Wahhabism", "Khomeinism", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region", "Abul A'la Maududi", "Salafi jihadism", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "Women in Islam", "Iranian Revolution", "Sharia", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Persecution of Christians", "History of Islam", "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", "Al-Qaeda", "History of Western civilization", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Sayyid Qutb", "Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Islamic State", "Hamas", "Iran–Iraq War", "Ideology of the Islamic State", "Saudi Arabia", "Political aspects of Islam", "Jihad", "Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist", "History of Tunisia", "Cold War", "Ruhollah Khomeini", "History of Iran", "Pakistan", "Caliphate", "Rise of Islamism by country", "Iran–United States relations", "History of Palestine", "Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war", "History of Germany", "Foreign relations of India", "Jihadism", "History of socialism", "History of France", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Amin al-Husseini", "History of Israel", "Foreign policy of the George W. 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{ "en": "\"The Islamic State\", formerly known as the \"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq\", (and called the acronym Daesh by its many detractors), is a Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant group which is led by and mainly composed of Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious, political and military authority over all Muslims worldwide. As of March 2015[update], it had control over territory occupied by ten million people in Iraq and Syria, and has nominal control over small areas of Libya, Nigeria and Afghanistan. (While a self-described state, it lacks international recognition.) The group also operates or has affiliates in other parts of the world, including North Africa and South Asia.", "hi": "\"द इस्लामिक स्टेट\", जिसे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक एंड द लेवेंट\" के नाम से और उससे पहले \"इस्लामिक स्टेट ऑफ़ इराक\" के रूप में, (और इसके कई आलोचकों द्वारा संक्षिप्त रूप में दाइश (Daesh) कहा गया) जाना जाता था, एक वहाबी / सलाफी जिहादी चरमपंथी आतंकवादी समूह, जिसका नेतृत्व इराक और सीरिया से मुख्य रूप से सुन्नी अरबों द्वारा किया जाता है। 2014 में, समूह ने खुद को दुनिया भर के सभी मुसलमानों पर धार्मिक, राजनीतिक और सैन्य अधिकार के साथ एक खिलाफ़त घोषित किया। मार्च 2015 [अधतन] के अनुसार, इसका इराक और सीरिया में दस लाख लोगों के कब्जे वाले क्षेत्र पर नियंत्रण था, और लीबिया, नाइजीरिया और अफगानिस्तान के छोटे क्षेत्रों पर नाममात्र का नियंत्रण था। (स्व-वर्णित स्थिति के दौरान, इसमें अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मान्यता का अभाव है।) समूह उत्तरी अफ्रीका और दक्षिण एशिया सहित दुनिया के अन्य हिस्सों को संचालित करता है या इनमें सहयोगी है।" }

{ "en": "What did the Islamic State proclaim itself in 2014?", "hi": "2014 में इस्लामिक स्टेट ने क्या घोषणा की थी?" }

{ "en": [ "a caliphate" ], "hi": [ "एक खिलाफ़त" ] }

{ "en": [ 348, 348, 350 ], "hi": [ 435 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*", "Geography.Regions.Asia.West Asia", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Islamism", "History of Islamism", "Salafi movement", "Islamic terrorism", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Wahhabism", "Shia–Sunni divide", "Rashid Rida", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Criticism of Islamism", "History of Wahhabism", "Khomeinism", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region", "Abul A'la Maududi", "Salafi jihadism", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "Women in Islam", "Iranian Revolution", "Sharia", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Persecution of Christians", "History of Islam", "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab", "Al-Qaeda", "History of Western civilization", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Sayyid Qutb", "Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Islamic State", "Hamas", "Iran–Iraq War", "Ideology of the Islamic State", "Saudi Arabia", "Political aspects of Islam", "Jihad", "Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist", "History of Tunisia", "Cold War", "Ruhollah Khomeini", "History of Iran", "Pakistan", "Caliphate", "Rise of Islamism by country", "Iran–United States relations", "History of Palestine", "Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war", "History of Germany", "Foreign relations of India", "Jihadism", "History of socialism", "History of France", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Amin al-Husseini", "History of Israel", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "History of Australia", "Islam and secularism", "Antisemitism in Islam", "Osama bin Laden", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Riba", "Foreign fighters in the Syrian Civil War and War in Iraq", "Foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war", "Islamic modernism", "History of terrorism", "Iran", "State-sponsored terrorism", "Egypt", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Sufi–Salafi relations", "Yemen", "Persecution of Muslims", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Freedom of religion in Asia by country", "Hezbollah", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Fidel Castro", "History of Poland", "United States involvement in regime change", "Islamic banking and finance", "Kashmir conflict", "Sunni Islam", "Development communication", "Arab Spring", "Fascism and ideology", "History of Austria", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Arabs", "Socialism", "Arab nationalism", "History of the United States", "Turkey–United States relations", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Suicide attack", "Rashid Rida during World War I", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Anti-Americanism", "World War II by country", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "History of the Islamic Republic of Iran", "Foreign relations of Israel", "History of the Middle East", "Saddam Hussein", "Takfiri", "American imperialism", "Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran", "Islamic fundamentalism", "Anti-communism", "History of Guatemala", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "Sectarianism", "Islam and democracy", "Ottoman Empire", "Latin America", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "Suez Crisis", "Gulf War", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "Nationalism", "History of liberalism", "Iraq", "Israel", "Islamic schools and branches", "1973 oil crisis", "Islam in India", "History of Tyre, 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Roosevelt", "Douglas MacArthur", "Vladimir Tismăneanu", "Cultural impact of the Beatles", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Sectarian violence in Pakistan", "Aurangzeb", "Blueberry (comics)", "History of Xinjiang", "Persecution of Buddhists", "European debt crisis", "Yazidis", "History of India (1947–present)", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "History of concubinage in the Muslim world", "Chiapas", "2009 Afghan presidential election", "Richard Nixon", "Militant career of Osama bin Laden", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State", "Separation of church and state", "David Cameron", "Chinese Filipino", "History of Hinduism", "International relations since 1989", "Unification Church", "African Americans", "Noam Chomsky", "Hungary", "Sardinian language", "History of Thailand", "History of Jamaica", "Petre P. 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Bush", "9/11 conspiracy theories", "Pakistan Army", "Islamofascism", "Blasphemy law", "Robert McNamara", "2012 Benghazi attack", "Mihail Sadoveanu", "Palestinian nationalism", "History of Kenya", "Estonia", "China–Pakistan Economic Corridor", "Weimar Republic", "Sarah Leah Whitson", "Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire", "Napoleon", "History of Finland", "Issues in anarchism", "Eastern esotericism", "Imperial examination", "Cossacks", "Sephardic Jews", "Thailand", "History of Guyana", "Rashidun army", "Israeli Jews", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "American Jews", "Rhodesia", "China", "Robert F. Kennedy", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Azerbaijan", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Serbia", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "Tây Sơn wars", "Marcus Garvey", "History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel", "Muslim supporters of Israel", "Colonial Nigeria" ]

{ "en": "The Royal Geographical Society of London and other geographical societies in Europe had great influence and were able to fund travelers who would come back with tales of their discoveries. These societies also served as a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism. Ratzel believed expansion was necessary for a state’s survival while Mackinder supported Britain’s imperial expansion; these two arguments dominated the discipline for decades.", "hi": "रॉयल जियोग्राफिकल सोसाइटी ऑफ लंदन और यूरोप की अन्य भौगोलिक सोसाइटियों का काफी प्रभाव था और वे उन यात्रियों को धन देने में सक्षम थीं जो अपनी खोजों की कथाओं के साथ वापस आएंगे। इन सोसाइटियों ने इन यात्रियों के लिए कहानियों को साझा करने के लिए एक स्थान के रूप में भी काम किया। जर्मनी के फ्रेडरिक रेटज़ेल और ब्रिटेन के हैलफोर्ड मैकिंडर जैसे राजनीतिक भूगोलवेत्ताओं ने भी साम्राज्यवाद का समर्थन किया। रत्ज़ेल का मानना ​​था कि किसी राज्य के अस्तित्व के लिए विस्तार करना आवश्यक था, जबकि मैकिंडर ने ब्रिटेन के शाही विस्तार का समर्थन किया; ये दो तर्क दशकों तक अनुशासन पर हावी रहे।" }

{ "en": "Where was Friedrich Ratzel born?", "hi": "फ्रेडरिक रेटज़ेल का जन्म कहाँ हुआ था?" }

{ "en": [ "Germany" ], "hi": [ "जर्मनी" ] }

{ "en": [ 316, 316, 316, 316, 316 ], "hi": [ 274 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "The Royal Geographical Society of London and other geographical societies in Europe had great influence and were able to fund travelers who would come back with tales of their discoveries. These societies also served as a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism. Ratzel believed expansion was necessary for a state’s survival while Mackinder supported Britain’s imperial expansion; these two arguments dominated the discipline for decades.", "hi": "रॉयल जियोग्राफिकल सोसाइटी ऑफ लंदन और यूरोप की अन्य भौगोलिक सोसाइटियों का काफी प्रभाव था और वे उन यात्रियों को धन देने में सक्षम थीं जो अपनी खोजों की कथाओं के साथ वापस आएंगे। इन सोसाइटियों ने इन यात्रियों के लिए कहानियों को साझा करने के लिए एक स्थान के रूप में भी काम किया। जर्मनी के फ्रेडरिक रेटज़ेल और ब्रिटेन के हैलफोर्ड मैकिंडर जैसे राजनीतिक भूगोलवेत्ताओं ने भी साम्राज्यवाद का समर्थन किया। रत्ज़ेल का मानना ​​था कि किसी राज्य के अस्तित्व के लिए विस्तार करना आवश्यक था, जबकि मैकिंडर ने ब्रिटेन के शाही विस्तार का समर्थन किया; ये दो तर्क दशकों तक अनुशासन पर हावी रहे।" }

{ "en": "Where was Halford Mackinder born?", "hi": "हैलफोर्ड मैकिंडर का जन्म कहाँ हुआ था?" }

{ "en": [ "Britain" ], "hi": [ "ब्रिटेन" ] }

{ "en": [ 349, 349, 349, 349, 349 ], "hi": [ 304 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. 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Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. 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Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. 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E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "The Royal Geographical Society of London and other geographical societies in Europe had great influence and were able to fund travelers who would come back with tales of their discoveries. These societies also served as a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism. Ratzel believed expansion was necessary for a state’s survival while Mackinder supported Britain’s imperial expansion; these two arguments dominated the discipline for decades.", "hi": "रॉयल जियोग्राफिकल सोसाइटी ऑफ लंदन और यूरोप की अन्य भौगोलिक सोसाइटियों का काफी प्रभाव था और वे उन यात्रियों को धन देने में सक्षम थीं जो अपनी खोजों की कथाओं के साथ वापस आएंगे। इन सोसाइटियों ने इन यात्रियों के लिए कहानियों को साझा करने के लिए एक स्थान के रूप में भी काम किया। जर्मनी के फ्रेडरिक रेटज़ेल और ब्रिटेन के हैलफोर्ड मैकिंडर जैसे राजनीतिक भूगोलवेत्ताओं ने भी साम्राज्यवाद का समर्थन किया। रत्ज़ेल का मानना ​​था कि किसी राज्य के अस्तित्व के लिए विस्तार करना आवश्यक था, जबकि मैकिंडर ने ब्रिटेन के शाही विस्तार का समर्थन किया; ये दो तर्क दशकों तक अनुशासन पर हावी रहे।" }

{ "en": "Halford Mackinder and Friedrich Ratzel where what kind of geographers?", "hi": "हैलफोर्ड मैकिंडर और फ्रेडरिक रेटज़ेल, किस तरह के भूगोलवेत्ता हैं?" }

{ "en": [ "Political" ], "hi": [ "राजनीतिक" ] }

{ "en": [ 266, 266, 266, 266, 266 ], "hi": [ 337 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "The Royal Geographical Society of London and other geographical societies in Europe had great influence and were able to fund travelers who would come back with tales of their discoveries. These societies also served as a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism. Ratzel believed expansion was necessary for a state’s survival while Mackinder supported Britain’s imperial expansion; these two arguments dominated the discipline for decades.", "hi": "रॉयल जियोग्राफिकल सोसाइटी ऑफ लंदन और यूरोप की अन्य भौगोलिक सोसाइटियों का काफी प्रभाव था और वे उन यात्रियों को धन देने में सक्षम थीं जो अपनी खोजों की कथाओं के साथ वापस आएंगे। इन सोसाइटियों ने इन यात्रियों के लिए कहानियों को साझा करने के लिए एक स्थान के रूप में भी काम किया। जर्मनी के फ्रेडरिक रेटज़ेल और ब्रिटेन के हैलफोर्ड मैकिंडर जैसे राजनीतिक भूगोलवेत्ताओं ने भी साम्राज्यवाद का समर्थन किया। रत्ज़ेल का मानना ​​था कि किसी राज्य के अस्तित्व के लिए विस्तार करना आवश्यक था, जबकि मैकिंडर ने ब्रिटेन के शाही विस्तार का समर्थन किया; ये दो तर्क दशकों तक अनुशासन पर हावी रहे।" }

{ "en": "Friedrich Ratzel thought imperialism was what for the country?", "hi": "फ्रेडरिक रेटज़ेल के हिसाब से साम्राज्यवाद किसी देश के लिए क्या था?" }

{ "en": [ "geographical societies in Europe" ], "hi": [ "आवश्यक" ] }

{ "en": [ 51, 415, 439, 415, 415 ], "hi": [ 463 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "The Royal Geographical Society of London and other geographical societies in Europe had great influence and were able to fund travelers who would come back with tales of their discoveries. These societies also served as a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism. Ratzel believed expansion was necessary for a state’s survival while Mackinder supported Britain’s imperial expansion; these two arguments dominated the discipline for decades.", "hi": "रॉयल जियोग्राफिकल सोसाइटी ऑफ लंदन और यूरोप की अन्य भौगोलिक सोसाइटियों का काफी प्रभाव था और वे उन यात्रियों को धन देने में सक्षम थीं जो अपनी खोजों की कथाओं के साथ वापस आएंगे। इन सोसाइटियों ने इन यात्रियों के लिए कहानियों को साझा करने के लिए एक स्थान के रूप में भी काम किया। जर्मनी के फ्रेडरिक रेटज़ेल और ब्रिटेन के हैलफोर्ड मैकिंडर जैसे राजनीतिक भूगोलवेत्ताओं ने भी साम्राज्यवाद का समर्थन किया। रत्ज़ेल का मानना ​​था कि किसी राज्य के अस्तित्व के लिए विस्तार करना आवश्यक था, जबकि मैकिंडर ने ब्रिटेन के शाही विस्तार का समर्थन किया; ये दो तर्क दशकों तक अनुशासन पर हावी रहे।" }

{ "en": "How would the geographical societies in Europe support certain travelers?", "hi": "यूरोप में भौगोलिक सोसाइटियाँ कुछ यात्रियों की सहायता कैसे करते थे?" }

{ "en": [ "fund" ], "hi": [ "धन देने" ] }

{ "en": [ 121, 121, 121, 113, 121 ], "hi": [ 111 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. 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Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. 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Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. 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{ "en": "Orientalism, as theorized by Edward Said, refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East. This imaginative geography relies on an essentializing discourse that represents neither the diversity nor the social reality of the East. Rather, by essentializing the East, this discourse uses the idea of place-based identities to create difference and distance between \"we\" the West and \"them\" the East, or \"here\" in the West and \"there\" in the East. This difference was particularly apparent in textual and visual works of early European studies of the Orient that positioned the East as irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West. Defining the East as a negative vision of itself, as its inferior, not only increased the West’s sense of self, but also was a way of ordering the East and making it known to the West so that it could be dominated and controlled. The discourse of Orientalism therefore served as an ideological justification of early Western imperialism, as it formed a body of knowledge and ideas that rationalized social, cultural, political, and economic control of other territories.", "hi": "ओरिएंटलिज्म, जैसा कि एडवर्ड सेड द्वारा बताया गया है, यह बताता है कि पश्चिम ने पूर्व के एक कल्पनाशील भूगोल को कैसे विकसित कर लिया। यह कल्पनाशील भूगोल एक महत्वपूर्ण तर्क पर विश्वास करता है जो न तो पूर्व की विविधता और न ही सामाजिक वास्तविकता का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है। बल्कि, पूर्व को महत्वपूर्ण बनाकर, यह तर्क स्थान-आधारित पहचान के विचार का उपयोग \"हम\" पश्चिम और \"वे\" पूर्व, या पश्चिम में \"यहाँ\" और पूर्व में \"वहाँ\" के बीच की दूरी बनाने के लिए करता है। यह अंतर ओरिएंट के शुरुआती यूरोपीय अध्ययनों के पाठ्य और दृश्य कार्यों में विशेष रूप से स्पष्ट था जो विवेकपूर्ण और प्रगतिशील पश्चिम के सामने पूर्व को विवेकहीन और पिछड़े के रूप में स्थपित करता था। स्वयं की नकारात्मक दृष्टि के रूप में पूर्व को, अपने से हीन के रूप में, परिभाषित करते हुए न केवल पश्चिम की स्वयं की अस्मिता को बढ़ाया, बल्कि यह पूर्व को आदेश देने और पश्चिम को यह बताने का एक तरीका था जिससे उन पर हावी हो सकें और उन्हें नियंत्रित किया जा सके। इसलिए ओरिएंटलिज़्म के संवादों ने प्रारंभिक पश्चिमी साम्राज्यवाद के वैचारिक औचित्य के रूप में काम किया, क्योंकि इसने ज्ञान और विचारों का एक समूह बनाया, जिसने अन्य क्षेत्रों के सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, राजनीतिक और आर्थिक नियंत्रण को तर्कसंगत बनाया।" }

{ "en": "Orientalism refers to how the West developed a what of the East?", "hi": "पश्चिम के किस तरह से पूर्व के बारे में क्या विकसित करने को ओरिएंटलिज्म संदर्भित करता है ?" }

{ "en": [ "an imaginative geography" ], "hi": [ "कल्पनाशील भूगोल" ] }

{ "en": [ 75, 78, 78, 78, 78 ], "hi": [ 90 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "Orientalism, as theorized by Edward Said, refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East. This imaginative geography relies on an essentializing discourse that represents neither the diversity nor the social reality of the East. Rather, by essentializing the East, this discourse uses the idea of place-based identities to create difference and distance between \"we\" the West and \"them\" the East, or \"here\" in the West and \"there\" in the East. This difference was particularly apparent in textual and visual works of early European studies of the Orient that positioned the East as irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West. Defining the East as a negative vision of itself, as its inferior, not only increased the West’s sense of self, but also was a way of ordering the East and making it known to the West so that it could be dominated and controlled. The discourse of Orientalism therefore served as an ideological justification of early Western imperialism, as it formed a body of knowledge and ideas that rationalized social, cultural, political, and economic control of other territories.", "hi": "ओरिएंटलिज्म, जैसा कि एडवर्ड सेड द्वारा बताया गया है, यह बताता है कि पश्चिम ने पूर्व के एक कल्पनाशील भूगोल को कैसे विकसित कर लिया। यह कल्पनाशील भूगोल एक महत्वपूर्ण तर्क पर विश्वास करता है जो न तो पूर्व की विविधता और न ही सामाजिक वास्तविकता का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है। बल्कि, पूर्व को महत्वपूर्ण बनाकर, यह तर्क स्थान-आधारित पहचान के विचार का उपयोग \"हम\" पश्चिम और \"वे\" पूर्व, या पश्चिम में \"यहाँ\" और पूर्व में \"वहाँ\" के बीच की दूरी बनाने के लिए करता है। यह अंतर ओरिएंट के शुरुआती यूरोपीय अध्ययनों के पाठ्य और दृश्य कार्यों में विशेष रूप से स्पष्ट था जो विवेकपूर्ण और प्रगतिशील पश्चिम के सामने पूर्व को विवेकहीन और पिछड़े के रूप में स्थपित करता था। स्वयं की नकारात्मक दृष्टि के रूप में पूर्व को, अपने से हीन के रूप में, परिभाषित करते हुए न केवल पश्चिम की स्वयं की अस्मिता को बढ़ाया, बल्कि यह पूर्व को आदेश देने और पश्चिम को यह बताने का एक तरीका था जिससे उन पर हावी हो सकें और उन्हें नियंत्रित किया जा सके। इसलिए ओरिएंटलिज़्म के संवादों ने प्रारंभिक पश्चिमी साम्राज्यवाद के वैचारिक औचित्य के रूप में काम किया, क्योंकि इसने ज्ञान और विचारों का एक समूह बनाया, जिसने अन्य क्षेत्रों के सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, राजनीतिक और आर्थिक नियंत्रण को तर्कसंगत बनाया।" }

{ "en": "Early Western texts referencing the East describe the people as being what?", "hi": "प्रारंभिक पश्चिमी ग्रंथ पूर्व का उल्लेख करते हुए लोगों के बारे में क्या बताते हैं?" }

{ "en": [ "irrational and backward" ], "hi": [ "विवेकहीन और पिछड़े" ] }

{ "en": [ 605, 404, 602, 605, 605 ], "hi": [ 596 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. 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{ "en": "Orientalism, as theorized by Edward Said, refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East. This imaginative geography relies on an essentializing discourse that represents neither the diversity nor the social reality of the East. Rather, by essentializing the East, this discourse uses the idea of place-based identities to create difference and distance between \"we\" the West and \"them\" the East, or \"here\" in the West and \"there\" in the East. This difference was particularly apparent in textual and visual works of early European studies of the Orient that positioned the East as irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West. Defining the East as a negative vision of itself, as its inferior, not only increased the West’s sense of self, but also was a way of ordering the East and making it known to the West so that it could be dominated and controlled. The discourse of Orientalism therefore served as an ideological justification of early Western imperialism, as it formed a body of knowledge and ideas that rationalized social, cultural, political, and economic control of other territories.", "hi": "ओरिएंटलिज्म, जैसा कि एडवर्ड सेड द्वारा बताया गया है, यह बताता है कि पश्चिम ने पूर्व के एक कल्पनाशील भूगोल को कैसे विकसित कर लिया। यह कल्पनाशील भूगोल एक महत्वपूर्ण तर्क पर विश्वास करता है जो न तो पूर्व की विविधता और न ही सामाजिक वास्तविकता का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है। बल्कि, पूर्व को महत्वपूर्ण बनाकर, यह तर्क स्थान-आधारित पहचान के विचार का उपयोग \"हम\" पश्चिम और \"वे\" पूर्व, या पश्चिम में \"यहाँ\" और पूर्व में \"वहाँ\" के बीच की दूरी बनाने के लिए करता है। यह अंतर ओरिएंट के शुरुआती यूरोपीय अध्ययनों के पाठ्य और दृश्य कार्यों में विशेष रूप से स्पष्ट था जो विवेकपूर्ण और प्रगतिशील पश्चिम के सामने पूर्व को विवेकहीन और पिछड़े के रूप में स्थपित करता था। स्वयं की नकारात्मक दृष्टि के रूप में पूर्व को, अपने से हीन के रूप में, परिभाषित करते हुए न केवल पश्चिम की स्वयं की अस्मिता को बढ़ाया, बल्कि यह पूर्व को आदेश देने और पश्चिम को यह बताने का एक तरीका था जिससे उन पर हावी हो सकें और उन्हें नियंत्रित किया जा सके। इसलिए ओरिएंटलिज़्म के संवादों ने प्रारंभिक पश्चिमी साम्राज्यवाद के वैचारिक औचित्य के रूप में काम किया, क्योंकि इसने ज्ञान और विचारों का एक समूह बनाया, जिसने अन्य क्षेत्रों के सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, राजनीतिक और आर्थिक नियंत्रण को तर्कसंगत बनाया।" }

{ "en": "The West saw the East as what?", "hi": "पश्चिम ने पूर्व को किस रूप में देखा?" }

{ "en": [ "inferior" ], "hi": [ "हीन" ] }

{ "en": [ 738, 605, 734, 605, 738 ], "hi": [ 698 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. 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Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. 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E. B. 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Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "Orientalism, as theorized by Edward Said, refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East. This imaginative geography relies on an essentializing discourse that represents neither the diversity nor the social reality of the East. Rather, by essentializing the East, this discourse uses the idea of place-based identities to create difference and distance between \"we\" the West and \"them\" the East, or \"here\" in the West and \"there\" in the East. This difference was particularly apparent in textual and visual works of early European studies of the Orient that positioned the East as irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West. Defining the East as a negative vision of itself, as its inferior, not only increased the West’s sense of self, but also was a way of ordering the East and making it known to the West so that it could be dominated and controlled. The discourse of Orientalism therefore served as an ideological justification of early Western imperialism, as it formed a body of knowledge and ideas that rationalized social, cultural, political, and economic control of other territories.", "hi": "ओरिएंटलिज्म, जैसा कि एडवर्ड सेड द्वारा बताया गया है, यह बताता है कि पश्चिम ने पूर्व के एक कल्पनाशील भूगोल को कैसे विकसित कर लिया। यह कल्पनाशील भूगोल एक महत्वपूर्ण तर्क पर विश्वास करता है जो न तो पूर्व की विविधता और न ही सामाजिक वास्तविकता का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है। बल्कि, पूर्व को महत्वपूर्ण बनाकर, यह तर्क स्थान-आधारित पहचान के विचार का उपयोग \"हम\" पश्चिम और \"वे\" पूर्व, या पश्चिम में \"यहाँ\" और पूर्व में \"वहाँ\" के बीच की दूरी बनाने के लिए करता है। यह अंतर ओरिएंट के शुरुआती यूरोपीय अध्ययनों के पाठ्य और दृश्य कार्यों में विशेष रूप से स्पष्ट था जो विवेकपूर्ण और प्रगतिशील पश्चिम के सामने पूर्व को विवेकहीन और पिछड़े के रूप में स्थपित करता था। स्वयं की नकारात्मक दृष्टि के रूप में पूर्व को, अपने से हीन के रूप में, परिभाषित करते हुए न केवल पश्चिम की स्वयं की अस्मिता को बढ़ाया, बल्कि यह पूर्व को आदेश देने और पश्चिम को यह बताने का एक तरीका था जिससे उन पर हावी हो सकें और उन्हें नियंत्रित किया जा सके। इसलिए ओरिएंटलिज़्म के संवादों ने प्रारंभिक पश्चिमी साम्राज्यवाद के वैचारिक औचित्य के रूप में काम किया, क्योंकि इसने ज्ञान और विचारों का एक समूह बनाया, जिसने अन्य क्षेत्रों के सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, राजनीतिक और आर्थिक नियंत्रण को तर्कसंगत बनाया।" }

{ "en": "What was used by the West to justify control over eastern territories?", "hi": "पूर्वी क्षेत्रों पर नियंत्रण को सही ठहराने के लिए पश्चिम ने क्या प्रयोग किया था?" }

{ "en": [ "Orientalism" ], "hi": [ "ओरिएंटलिज़्म" ] }

{ "en": [ 928, 738, 681, 928, 928 ], "hi": [ 906 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "Orientalism, as theorized by Edward Said, refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East. This imaginative geography relies on an essentializing discourse that represents neither the diversity nor the social reality of the East. Rather, by essentializing the East, this discourse uses the idea of place-based identities to create difference and distance between \"we\" the West and \"them\" the East, or \"here\" in the West and \"there\" in the East. This difference was particularly apparent in textual and visual works of early European studies of the Orient that positioned the East as irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West. Defining the East as a negative vision of itself, as its inferior, not only increased the West’s sense of self, but also was a way of ordering the East and making it known to the West so that it could be dominated and controlled. The discourse of Orientalism therefore served as an ideological justification of early Western imperialism, as it formed a body of knowledge and ideas that rationalized social, cultural, political, and economic control of other territories.", "hi": "ओरिएंटलिज्म, जैसा कि एडवर्ड सेड द्वारा बताया गया है, यह बताता है कि पश्चिम ने पूर्व के एक कल्पनाशील भूगोल को कैसे विकसित कर लिया। यह कल्पनाशील भूगोल एक महत्वपूर्ण तर्क पर विश्वास करता है जो न तो पूर्व की विविधता और न ही सामाजिक वास्तविकता का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है। बल्कि, पूर्व को महत्वपूर्ण बनाकर, यह तर्क स्थान-आधारित पहचान के विचार का उपयोग \"हम\" पश्चिम और \"वे\" पूर्व, या पश्चिम में \"यहाँ\" और पूर्व में \"वहाँ\" के बीच की दूरी बनाने के लिए करता है। यह अंतर ओरिएंट के शुरुआती यूरोपीय अध्ययनों के पाठ्य और दृश्य कार्यों में विशेष रूप से स्पष्ट था जो विवेकपूर्ण और प्रगतिशील पश्चिम के सामने पूर्व को विवेकहीन और पिछड़े के रूप में स्थपित करता था। स्वयं की नकारात्मक दृष्टि के रूप में पूर्व को, अपने से हीन के रूप में, परिभाषित करते हुए न केवल पश्चिम की स्वयं की अस्मिता को बढ़ाया, बल्कि यह पूर्व को आदेश देने और पश्चिम को यह बताने का एक तरीका था जिससे उन पर हावी हो सकें और उन्हें नियंत्रित किया जा सके। इसलिए ओरिएंटलिज़्म के संवादों ने प्रारंभिक पश्चिमी साम्राज्यवाद के वैचारिक औचित्य के रूप में काम किया, क्योंकि इसने ज्ञान और विचारों का एक समूह बनाया, जिसने अन्य क्षेत्रों के सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, राजनीतिक और आर्थिक नियंत्रण को तर्कसंगत बनाया।" }

{ "en": "The West saw themselves as what compared to the east?", "hi": "पश्चिम ने खुद को पूर्व की तुलना में किस रूप में देखा?" }

{ "en": [ "progressive" ], "hi": [ "विवेकपूर्ण और प्रगतिशील" ] }

{ "en": [ 663, 650, 650, 650 ], "hi": [ 547 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. 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Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. 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{ "en": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another. This is more than just \"foreign\" music, television or film becoming popular with young people, but that popular culture changing their own expectations of life and their desire for their own country to become more like the foreign country depicted. For example, depictions of opulent American lifestyles in the soap opera Dallas during the Cold War changed the expectations of Romanians; a more recent example is the influence of smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea. The importance of soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes etc. Nor is such a usage of culture recent, as part of Roman imperialism local elites would be exposed to the benefits and luxuries of Roman culture and lifestyle, with the aim that they would then become willing participants.", "hi": "सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद तब होता है जब किसी देश का प्रभाव सामाजिक और सांस्कृतिक क्षेत्रों में महसूस किया जाने लगे, अर्थात इसकी नरम शक्ति, जैसे कि यह दूसरे की नैतिक, सांस्कृतिक और सामाजिक वैश्विक दृष्टिकोण को बदल दें। यह युवा लोगों में लोकप्रिय हो रहे सिर्फ \"विदेशी\" संगीत, टेलीविजन या फिल्म से कहीं अधिक है, बल्कि उस लोकप्रिय संस्कृति जिसने जीवन की अपनी अपेक्षाओं को बदल देना और चित्रित किये गए विदेशी राष्ट्र की तरह अपने देश के बन जाने की इच्छा करना है। उदाहरण के लिए, शीत युद्ध के दौरान धारावाहिक डलास में भव्य अमेरिकी जीवनशैली के चित्रण ने रोमानियाई लोगों की उम्मीदों को बदल दिया; एक और हालिया उदाहरण उत्तर कोरिया में तस्करी कर लाई गई दक्षिण कोरियाई नाटक श्रृंखला का प्रभाव है। सत्तावादी शासनों ने नरम शक्ति के महत्व को नज़रअंदाज़ नहीं किया है, जो विदेशी लोकप्रिय संस्कृति, इंटरनेट पर नियंत्रण और अनधिकृत उपग्रह डिशों आदि पर प्रतिबंध लगाकर इस तरह के प्रभाव से लड़ रहीं हैं। ऐसा नहीं है कि हाल ही में संस्कृति का ऐसा उपयोग हुआ है, रोमन साम्राज्यवाद स्थानीय कुलीन वर्ग के एक हिस्से को रोमन संस्कृति और जीवन शैली के लाभ और विलासिता से परिचित कराया गया था, इस उद्देश्य के साथ कि वे तब इच्छुक प्रतिभागी बन जाएंगे।" }

{ "en": "When imperialism impacts social norms of a state, what is it called?", "hi": "जब साम्राज्यवाद किसी राज्य के सामाजिक मानदंडों को प्रभावित करता है, तो उसे क्या कहा जाता है?" }

{ "en": [ "Cultural imperialism" ], "hi": [ "सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद" ] }

{ "en": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "hi": [ 0 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. 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E. B. 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{ "en": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another. This is more than just \"foreign\" music, television or film becoming popular with young people, but that popular culture changing their own expectations of life and their desire for their own country to become more like the foreign country depicted. For example, depictions of opulent American lifestyles in the soap opera Dallas during the Cold War changed the expectations of Romanians; a more recent example is the influence of smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea. The importance of soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes etc. Nor is such a usage of culture recent, as part of Roman imperialism local elites would be exposed to the benefits and luxuries of Roman culture and lifestyle, with the aim that they would then become willing participants.", "hi": "सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद तब होता है जब किसी देश का प्रभाव सामाजिक और सांस्कृतिक क्षेत्रों में महसूस किया जाने लगे, अर्थात इसकी नरम शक्ति, जैसे कि यह दूसरे की नैतिक, सांस्कृतिक और सामाजिक वैश्विक दृष्टिकोण को बदल दें। यह युवा लोगों में लोकप्रिय हो रहे सिर्फ \"विदेशी\" संगीत, टेलीविजन या फिल्म से कहीं अधिक है, बल्कि उस लोकप्रिय संस्कृति जिसने जीवन की अपनी अपेक्षाओं को बदल देना और चित्रित किये गए विदेशी राष्ट्र की तरह अपने देश के बन जाने की इच्छा करना है। उदाहरण के लिए, शीत युद्ध के दौरान धारावाहिक डलास में भव्य अमेरिकी जीवनशैली के चित्रण ने रोमानियाई लोगों की उम्मीदों को बदल दिया; एक और हालिया उदाहरण उत्तर कोरिया में तस्करी कर लाई गई दक्षिण कोरियाई नाटक श्रृंखला का प्रभाव है। सत्तावादी शासनों ने नरम शक्ति के महत्व को नज़रअंदाज़ नहीं किया है, जो विदेशी लोकप्रिय संस्कृति, इंटरनेट पर नियंत्रण और अनधिकृत उपग्रह डिशों आदि पर प्रतिबंध लगाकर इस तरह के प्रभाव से लड़ रहीं हैं। ऐसा नहीं है कि हाल ही में संस्कृति का ऐसा उपयोग हुआ है, रोमन साम्राज्यवाद स्थानीय कुलीन वर्ग के एक हिस्से को रोमन संस्कृति और जीवन शैली के लाभ और विलासिता से परिचित कराया गया था, इस उद्देश्य के साथ कि वे तब इच्छुक प्रतिभागी बन जाएंगे।" }

{ "en": "What is Cultural Imperialism often referred to as?", "hi": "सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद को अक्सर किसके रूप में संदर्भित किया जाता है?" }

{ "en": [ "soft power" ], "hi": [ "नरम शक्ति" ] }

{ "en": [ 687, 100, 100, 100, 100 ], "hi": [ 700 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another. This is more than just \"foreign\" music, television or film becoming popular with young people, but that popular culture changing their own expectations of life and their desire for their own country to become more like the foreign country depicted. For example, depictions of opulent American lifestyles in the soap opera Dallas during the Cold War changed the expectations of Romanians; a more recent example is the influence of smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea. The importance of soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes etc. Nor is such a usage of culture recent, as part of Roman imperialism local elites would be exposed to the benefits and luxuries of Roman culture and lifestyle, with the aim that they would then become willing participants.", "hi": "सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद तब होता है जब किसी देश का प्रभाव सामाजिक और सांस्कृतिक क्षेत्रों में महसूस किया जाने लगे, अर्थात इसकी नरम शक्ति, जैसे कि यह दूसरे की नैतिक, सांस्कृतिक और सामाजिक वैश्विक दृष्टिकोण को बदल दें। यह युवा लोगों में लोकप्रिय हो रहे सिर्फ \"विदेशी\" संगीत, टेलीविजन या फिल्म से कहीं अधिक है, बल्कि उस लोकप्रिय संस्कृति जिसने जीवन की अपनी अपेक्षाओं को बदल देना और चित्रित किये गए विदेशी राष्ट्र की तरह अपने देश के बन जाने की इच्छा करना है। उदाहरण के लिए, शीत युद्ध के दौरान धारावाहिक डलास में भव्य अमेरिकी जीवनशैली के चित्रण ने रोमानियाई लोगों की उम्मीदों को बदल दिया; एक और हालिया उदाहरण उत्तर कोरिया में तस्करी कर लाई गई दक्षिण कोरियाई नाटक श्रृंखला का प्रभाव है। सत्तावादी शासनों ने नरम शक्ति के महत्व को नज़रअंदाज़ नहीं किया है, जो विदेशी लोकप्रिय संस्कृति, इंटरनेट पर नियंत्रण और अनधिकृत उपग्रह डिशों आदि पर प्रतिबंध लगाकर इस तरह के प्रभाव से लड़ रहीं हैं। ऐसा नहीं है कि हाल ही में संस्कृति का ऐसा उपयोग हुआ है, रोमन साम्राज्यवाद स्थानीय कुलीन वर्ग के एक हिस्से को रोमन संस्कृति और जीवन शैली के लाभ और विलासिता से परिचित कराया गया था, इस उद्देश्य के साथ कि वे तब इच्छुक प्रतिभागी बन जाएंगे।" }

{ "en": "Which American show changed the views of Romanians during the cold war?", "hi": "शीत युद्ध के दौरान किस अमेरिकी शो ने रोमानियन के विचारों को बदल दिया?" }

{ "en": [ "Dallas" ], "hi": [ "डलास" ] }

{ "en": [ 510, 510, 510, 510, 510 ], "hi": [ 498 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. 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{ "en": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another. This is more than just \"foreign\" music, television or film becoming popular with young people, but that popular culture changing their own expectations of life and their desire for their own country to become more like the foreign country depicted. For example, depictions of opulent American lifestyles in the soap opera Dallas during the Cold War changed the expectations of Romanians; a more recent example is the influence of smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea. The importance of soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes etc. Nor is such a usage of culture recent, as part of Roman imperialism local elites would be exposed to the benefits and luxuries of Roman culture and lifestyle, with the aim that they would then become willing participants.", "hi": "सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद तब होता है जब किसी देश का प्रभाव सामाजिक और सांस्कृतिक क्षेत्रों में महसूस किया जाने लगे, अर्थात इसकी नरम शक्ति, जैसे कि यह दूसरे की नैतिक, सांस्कृतिक और सामाजिक वैश्विक दृष्टिकोण को बदल दें। यह युवा लोगों में लोकप्रिय हो रहे सिर्फ \"विदेशी\" संगीत, टेलीविजन या फिल्म से कहीं अधिक है, बल्कि उस लोकप्रिय संस्कृति जिसने जीवन की अपनी अपेक्षाओं को बदल देना और चित्रित किये गए विदेशी राष्ट्र की तरह अपने देश के बन जाने की इच्छा करना है। उदाहरण के लिए, शीत युद्ध के दौरान धारावाहिक डलास में भव्य अमेरिकी जीवनशैली के चित्रण ने रोमानियाई लोगों की उम्मीदों को बदल दिया; एक और हालिया उदाहरण उत्तर कोरिया में तस्करी कर लाई गई दक्षिण कोरियाई नाटक श्रृंखला का प्रभाव है। सत्तावादी शासनों ने नरम शक्ति के महत्व को नज़रअंदाज़ नहीं किया है, जो विदेशी लोकप्रिय संस्कृति, इंटरनेट पर नियंत्रण और अनधिकृत उपग्रह डिशों आदि पर प्रतिबंध लगाकर इस तरह के प्रभाव से लड़ रहीं हैं। ऐसा नहीं है कि हाल ही में संस्कृति का ऐसा उपयोग हुआ है, रोमन साम्राज्यवाद स्थानीय कुलीन वर्ग के एक हिस्से को रोमन संस्कृति और जीवन शैली के लाभ और विलासिता से परिचित कराया गया था, इस उद्देश्य के साथ कि वे तब इच्छुक प्रतिभागी बन जाएंगे।" }

{ "en": "Which historic empire used cultural imperialism to sway local elites?", "hi": "किस ऐतिहासिक साम्राज्य ने सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद का इस्तेमाल स्थानीय कुलीन वर्ग को प्रभावित के लिए किया?" }

{ "en": [ "Roman" ], "hi": [ "रोमन" ] }

{ "en": [ 991, 911, 911, 911, 911 ], "hi": [ 983 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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E. B. 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{ "en": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another. This is more than just \"foreign\" music, television or film becoming popular with young people, but that popular culture changing their own expectations of life and their desire for their own country to become more like the foreign country depicted. For example, depictions of opulent American lifestyles in the soap opera Dallas during the Cold War changed the expectations of Romanians; a more recent example is the influence of smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea. The importance of soft power is not lost on authoritarian regimes, fighting such influence with bans on foreign popular culture, control of the internet and unauthorised satellite dishes etc. Nor is such a usage of culture recent, as part of Roman imperialism local elites would be exposed to the benefits and luxuries of Roman culture and lifestyle, with the aim that they would then become willing participants.", "hi": "सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद तब होता है जब किसी देश का प्रभाव सामाजिक और सांस्कृतिक क्षेत्रों में महसूस किया जाने लगे, अर्थात इसकी नरम शक्ति, जैसे कि यह दूसरे की नैतिक, सांस्कृतिक और सामाजिक वैश्विक दृष्टिकोण को बदल दें। यह युवा लोगों में लोकप्रिय हो रहे सिर्फ \"विदेशी\" संगीत, टेलीविजन या फिल्म से कहीं अधिक है, बल्कि उस लोकप्रिय संस्कृति जिसने जीवन की अपनी अपेक्षाओं को बदल देना और चित्रित किये गए विदेशी राष्ट्र की तरह अपने देश के बन जाने की इच्छा करना है। उदाहरण के लिए, शीत युद्ध के दौरान धारावाहिक डलास में भव्य अमेरिकी जीवनशैली के चित्रण ने रोमानियाई लोगों की उम्मीदों को बदल दिया; एक और हालिया उदाहरण उत्तर कोरिया में तस्करी कर लाई गई दक्षिण कोरियाई नाटक श्रृंखला का प्रभाव है। सत्तावादी शासनों ने नरम शक्ति के महत्व को नज़रअंदाज़ नहीं किया है, जो विदेशी लोकप्रिय संस्कृति, इंटरनेट पर नियंत्रण और अनधिकृत उपग्रह डिशों आदि पर प्रतिबंध लगाकर इस तरह के प्रभाव से लड़ रहीं हैं। ऐसा नहीं है कि हाल ही में संस्कृति का ऐसा उपयोग हुआ है, रोमन साम्राज्यवाद स्थानीय कुलीन वर्ग के एक हिस्से को रोमन संस्कृति और जीवन शैली के लाभ और विलासिता से परिचित कराया गया था, इस उद्देश्य के साथ कि वे तब इच्छुक प्रतिभागी बन जाएंगे।" }

{ "en": "How do regimes fight against cultural imperialism?", "hi": "सांस्कृतिक साम्राज्यवाद के खिलाफ शासन कैसे लड़ता है?" }

{ "en": [ "bans" ], "hi": [ "प्रतिबंध" ] }

{ "en": [ 765, 765, 765, 765 ], "hi": [ 825 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists. Much of the debate was pioneered by such theorists as J. A. Hobson (1858–1940), Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950), Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), and Norman Angell (1872–1967). While these non-Marxist writers were at their most prolific before World War I, they remained active in the interwar years. Their combined work informed the study of imperialism and it's impact on Europe, as well as contributed to reflections on the rise of the military-political complex in the United States from the 1950s. Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism by removing its economic foundation. Hobson theorized that state intervention through taxation could boost broader consumption, create wealth, and encourage a peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order.", "hi": "पूंजीवाद, अभिजात वर्ग और साम्राज्यवाद के बीच संबंध लंबे समय से इतिहासकारों और राजनीतिक सिद्धांतकारों के बीच बहस के मुद्दे रहे हैं। इस बहस के अधिकांश हिस्से के अगुआ जे. ए. होबसन (1858-1940), जोसेफ शम्पेटर (1883-1950), थोरस्टीन वेबलिन (1857-1929) और नॉर्मन एंगेल (1872-1967) जैसे सिद्धांतकार थे। जबकि ये गैर-मार्क्सवादी लेखक प्रथम विश्व युद्ध से पहले सबसे अधिक सफल थे, वे युद्ध काल के वर्षों में सक्रिय रहे। उनके संयुक्त कार्य ने साम्राज्यवाद के अध्ययन और इसके यूरोप पर प्रभाव की जानकारी दी, साथ ही साथ संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका में 1950 के दशक से सैन्य-राजनीतिक संकुल के उदय की भावना में योगदान दिया। हॉबसन ने तर्क दिया कि घरेलू सामाजिक सुधार साम्राज्यवाद की अंतरराष्ट्रीय बीमारी को उसकी आर्थिक नींव को हटाकर ठीक कर सकते हैं। हॉब्सन ने कहा कि कराधान के माध्यम से राज्य का हस्तक्षेप व्यापक खपत को बढ़ावा दे सकता है, धन का सृजन कर सकता है और एक शांतिपूर्ण, सहिष्णु, बहुध्रुवीय विश्व व्यवस्था को प्रोत्साहित कर सकता है।" }

{ "en": "some debate that there is a correlation between capitalism, imperialism, and what?", "hi": "कुछ बहस के अनुसार पूंजीवाद, साम्राज्यवाद, और किस चीज़ के बीच एक संबंध है?" }

{ "en": [ "aristocracy" ], "hi": [ "अभिजात वर्ग" ] }

{ "en": [ 36, 36, 36, 36, 36 ], "hi": [ 10 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. 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{ "en": "The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists. Much of the debate was pioneered by such theorists as J. A. Hobson (1858–1940), Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950), Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), and Norman Angell (1872–1967). While these non-Marxist writers were at their most prolific before World War I, they remained active in the interwar years. Their combined work informed the study of imperialism and it's impact on Europe, as well as contributed to reflections on the rise of the military-political complex in the United States from the 1950s. Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism by removing its economic foundation. Hobson theorized that state intervention through taxation could boost broader consumption, create wealth, and encourage a peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order.", "hi": "पूंजीवाद, अभिजात वर्ग और साम्राज्यवाद के बीच संबंध लंबे समय से इतिहासकारों और राजनीतिक सिद्धांतकारों के बीच बहस के मुद्दे रहे हैं। इस बहस के अधिकांश हिस्से के अगुआ जे. ए. होबसन (1858-1940), जोसेफ शम्पेटर (1883-1950), थोरस्टीन वेबलिन (1857-1929) और नॉर्मन एंगेल (1872-1967) जैसे सिद्धांतकार थे। जबकि ये गैर-मार्क्सवादी लेखक प्रथम विश्व युद्ध से पहले सबसे अधिक सफल थे, वे युद्ध काल के वर्षों में सक्रिय रहे। उनके संयुक्त कार्य ने साम्राज्यवाद के अध्ययन और इसके यूरोप पर प्रभाव की जानकारी दी, साथ ही साथ संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका में 1950 के दशक से सैन्य-राजनीतिक संकुल के उदय की भावना में योगदान दिया। हॉबसन ने तर्क दिया कि घरेलू सामाजिक सुधार साम्राज्यवाद की अंतरराष्ट्रीय बीमारी को उसकी आर्थिक नींव को हटाकर ठीक कर सकते हैं। हॉब्सन ने कहा कि कराधान के माध्यम से राज्य का हस्तक्षेप व्यापक खपत को बढ़ावा दे सकता है, धन का सृजन कर सकता है और एक शांतिपूर्ण, सहिष्णु, बहुध्रुवीय विश्व व्यवस्था को प्रोत्साहित कर सकता है।" }

{ "en": "When was the military-political complex reflected upon within the scope of understanding imperialism?", "hi": "साम्राज्यवाद को समझने के दायरे में सैन्य-राजनीतिक संकुल कब देखे जा सके?" }

{ "en": [ "the 1950s" ], "hi": [ "1950" ] }

{ "en": [ 616, 620, 620, 620, 620 ], "hi": [ 527 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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{ "en": "The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists. Much of the debate was pioneered by such theorists as J. A. Hobson (1858–1940), Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950), Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), and Norman Angell (1872–1967). While these non-Marxist writers were at their most prolific before World War I, they remained active in the interwar years. Their combined work informed the study of imperialism and it's impact on Europe, as well as contributed to reflections on the rise of the military-political complex in the United States from the 1950s. Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism by removing its economic foundation. Hobson theorized that state intervention through taxation could boost broader consumption, create wealth, and encourage a peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order.", "hi": "पूंजीवाद, अभिजात वर्ग और साम्राज्यवाद के बीच संबंध लंबे समय से इतिहासकारों और राजनीतिक सिद्धांतकारों के बीच बहस के मुद्दे रहे हैं। इस बहस के अधिकांश हिस्से के अगुआ जे. ए. होबसन (1858-1940), जोसेफ शम्पेटर (1883-1950), थोरस्टीन वेबलिन (1857-1929) और नॉर्मन एंगेल (1872-1967) जैसे सिद्धांतकार थे। जबकि ये गैर-मार्क्सवादी लेखक प्रथम विश्व युद्ध से पहले सबसे अधिक सफल थे, वे युद्ध काल के वर्षों में सक्रिय रहे। उनके संयुक्त कार्य ने साम्राज्यवाद के अध्ययन और इसके यूरोप पर प्रभाव की जानकारी दी, साथ ही साथ संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका में 1950 के दशक से सैन्य-राजनीतिक संकुल के उदय की भावना में योगदान दिया। हॉबसन ने तर्क दिया कि घरेलू सामाजिक सुधार साम्राज्यवाद की अंतरराष्ट्रीय बीमारी को उसकी आर्थिक नींव को हटाकर ठीक कर सकते हैं। हॉब्सन ने कहा कि कराधान के माध्यम से राज्य का हस्तक्षेप व्यापक खपत को बढ़ावा दे सकता है, धन का सृजन कर सकता है और एक शांतिपूर्ण, सहिष्णु, बहुध्रुवीय विश्व व्यवस्था को प्रोत्साहित कर सकता है।" }

{ "en": "When were Joseph Schumpeter and Norman Angell at their most prolific writing period?", "hi": "जोसेफ शम्पेटर और नॉर्मन एंगेल अपने सबसे विपुल जोसेफ शम्पेटर काल में कब थे?" }

{ "en": [ "before World War I" ], "hi": [ "प्रथम विश्व युद्ध" ] }

{ "en": [ 361, 368, 361, 361, 361 ], "hi": [ 323 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. 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Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. 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E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. 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Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. 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Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists. Much of the debate was pioneered by such theorists as J. A. Hobson (1858–1940), Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950), Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), and Norman Angell (1872–1967). While these non-Marxist writers were at their most prolific before World War I, they remained active in the interwar years. Their combined work informed the study of imperialism and it's impact on Europe, as well as contributed to reflections on the rise of the military-political complex in the United States from the 1950s. Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism by removing its economic foundation. Hobson theorized that state intervention through taxation could boost broader consumption, create wealth, and encourage a peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order.", "hi": "पूंजीवाद, अभिजात वर्ग और साम्राज्यवाद के बीच संबंध लंबे समय से इतिहासकारों और राजनीतिक सिद्धांतकारों के बीच बहस के मुद्दे रहे हैं। इस बहस के अधिकांश हिस्से के अगुआ जे. ए. होबसन (1858-1940), जोसेफ शम्पेटर (1883-1950), थोरस्टीन वेबलिन (1857-1929) और नॉर्मन एंगेल (1872-1967) जैसे सिद्धांतकार थे। जबकि ये गैर-मार्क्सवादी लेखक प्रथम विश्व युद्ध से पहले सबसे अधिक सफल थे, वे युद्ध काल के वर्षों में सक्रिय रहे। उनके संयुक्त कार्य ने साम्राज्यवाद के अध्ययन और इसके यूरोप पर प्रभाव की जानकारी दी, साथ ही साथ संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका में 1950 के दशक से सैन्य-राजनीतिक संकुल के उदय की भावना में योगदान दिया। हॉबसन ने तर्क दिया कि घरेलू सामाजिक सुधार साम्राज्यवाद की अंतरराष्ट्रीय बीमारी को उसकी आर्थिक नींव को हटाकर ठीक कर सकते हैं। हॉब्सन ने कहा कि कराधान के माध्यम से राज्य का हस्तक्षेप व्यापक खपत को बढ़ावा दे सकता है, धन का सृजन कर सकता है और एक शांतिपूर्ण, सहिष्णु, बहुध्रुवीय विश्व व्यवस्था को प्रोत्साहित कर सकता है।" }

{ "en": "Hobson argued that imperialism was an international what?", "hi": "हॉबसन ने तर्क दिया कि साम्राज्यवाद एक अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्या था?" }

{ "en": [ "disease" ], "hi": [ "बीमारी" ] }

{ "en": [ 699, 699, 699, 699, 699 ], "hi": [ 668 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists. Much of the debate was pioneered by such theorists as J. A. Hobson (1858–1940), Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950), Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), and Norman Angell (1872–1967). While these non-Marxist writers were at their most prolific before World War I, they remained active in the interwar years. Their combined work informed the study of imperialism and it's impact on Europe, as well as contributed to reflections on the rise of the military-political complex in the United States from the 1950s. Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism by removing its economic foundation. Hobson theorized that state intervention through taxation could boost broader consumption, create wealth, and encourage a peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order.", "hi": "पूंजीवाद, अभिजात वर्ग और साम्राज्यवाद के बीच संबंध लंबे समय से इतिहासकारों और राजनीतिक सिद्धांतकारों के बीच बहस के मुद्दे रहे हैं। इस बहस के अधिकांश हिस्से के अगुआ जे. ए. होबसन (1858-1940), जोसेफ शम्पेटर (1883-1950), थोरस्टीन वेबलिन (1857-1929) और नॉर्मन एंगेल (1872-1967) जैसे सिद्धांतकार थे। जबकि ये गैर-मार्क्सवादी लेखक प्रथम विश्व युद्ध से पहले सबसे अधिक सफल थे, वे युद्ध काल के वर्षों में सक्रिय रहे। उनके संयुक्त कार्य ने साम्राज्यवाद के अध्ययन और इसके यूरोप पर प्रभाव की जानकारी दी, साथ ही साथ संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका में 1950 के दशक से सैन्य-राजनीतिक संकुल के उदय की भावना में योगदान दिया। हॉबसन ने तर्क दिया कि घरेलू सामाजिक सुधार साम्राज्यवाद की अंतरराष्ट्रीय बीमारी को उसकी आर्थिक नींव को हटाकर ठीक कर सकते हैं। हॉब्सन ने कहा कि कराधान के माध्यम से राज्य का हस्तक्षेप व्यापक खपत को बढ़ावा दे सकता है, धन का सृजन कर सकता है और एक शांतिपूर्ण, सहिष्णु, बहुध्रुवीय विश्व व्यवस्था को प्रोत्साहित कर सकता है।" }

{ "en": "How did Hobson argue to rid the world of imperialism?", "hi": "हॉबसन ने साम्राज्यवाद की दुनिया से छुटकारा पाने का तर्क क्या दिया?" }

{ "en": [ "taxation" ], "hi": [ "उसकी आर्थिक नींव को हटाकर" ] }

{ "en": [ 808, 725, 646, 725, 725 ], "hi": [ 678 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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{ "en": "France took control of Algeria in 1830 but began in earnest to rebuild its worldwide empire after 1850, concentrating chiefly in North and West Africa, as well as South-East Asia, with other conquests in Central and East Africa, as well as the South Pacific. Republicans, at first hostile to empire, only became supportive when Germany started to build her own colonial empire. As it developed, the new empire took on roles of trade with France, supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items, as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language as well as Catholicism. It also provided crucial manpower in both World Wars.", "hi": "1830 में फ्रांस ने अल्जीरिया पर नियंत्रण कर लिया, लेकिन 1850 के बादअपने विश्वव्यापी साम्राज्य के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए वास्तव में शुरुआत किया, मुख्य रूप से उत्तर और पश्चिम अफ्रीका में, साथ ही दक्षिण-पूर्व एशिया में, मध्य और पूर्वी अफ्रीका में अन्य विजय के साथ-साथ दक्षिण प्रशांत में भी। । प्रजातंत्रवादी, जो पहले साम्राज्य के विरोधी थे, सहायक बन गये जब जर्मनी ने अपना स्वयं का औपनिवेशिक साम्राज्य बनाना शुरू कर दिया। जैसे यह विकसित हुआ, नए साम्राज्य ने फ्रांस के साथ व्यापार में भूमिका निभाई, कच्चे माल की आपूर्ति की और निर्मित वस्तुओं की खरीद की, साथ ही मातृभूमि को प्रतिष्ठा प्रदान किया और फ्रांसीसी सभ्यता और भाषा के साथ-साथ कैथोलिक धर्म का प्रसार किया। इसने दोनों विश्व युद्धों में महत्वपूर्ण जनशक्ति भी प्रदान की।" }

{ "en": "When did France take control of Algeria?", "hi": "फ्रांस ने अल्जीरिया पर कब नियंत्रण किया?" }

{ "en": [ "1830" ], "hi": [ "1830" ] }

{ "en": [ 34, 34, 34, 34, 34 ], "hi": [ 0 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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{ "en": "France took control of Algeria in 1830 but began in earnest to rebuild its worldwide empire after 1850, concentrating chiefly in North and West Africa, as well as South-East Asia, with other conquests in Central and East Africa, as well as the South Pacific. Republicans, at first hostile to empire, only became supportive when Germany started to build her own colonial empire. As it developed, the new empire took on roles of trade with France, supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items, as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language as well as Catholicism. It also provided crucial manpower in both World Wars.", "hi": "1830 में फ्रांस ने अल्जीरिया पर नियंत्रण कर लिया, लेकिन 1850 के बादअपने विश्वव्यापी साम्राज्य के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए वास्तव में शुरुआत किया, मुख्य रूप से उत्तर और पश्चिम अफ्रीका में, साथ ही दक्षिण-पूर्व एशिया में, मध्य और पूर्वी अफ्रीका में अन्य विजय के साथ-साथ दक्षिण प्रशांत में भी। । प्रजातंत्रवादी, जो पहले साम्राज्य के विरोधी थे, सहायक बन गये जब जर्मनी ने अपना स्वयं का औपनिवेशिक साम्राज्य बनाना शुरू कर दिया। जैसे यह विकसित हुआ, नए साम्राज्य ने फ्रांस के साथ व्यापार में भूमिका निभाई, कच्चे माल की आपूर्ति की और निर्मित वस्तुओं की खरीद की, साथ ही मातृभूमि को प्रतिष्ठा प्रदान किया और फ्रांसीसी सभ्यता और भाषा के साथ-साथ कैथोलिक धर्म का प्रसार किया। इसने दोनों विश्व युद्धों में महत्वपूर्ण जनशक्ति भी प्रदान की।" }

{ "en": "When did France begin in earnest to rebuild its global empire?", "hi": "फ्रांस ने अपने वैश्विक साम्राज्य के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए कब वास्तव में शुरुआत किया?" }

{ "en": [ "1850" ], "hi": [ "1850 के बाद" ] }

{ "en": [ 98, 92, 92, 92, 98 ], "hi": [ 56 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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{ "en": "France took control of Algeria in 1830 but began in earnest to rebuild its worldwide empire after 1850, concentrating chiefly in North and West Africa, as well as South-East Asia, with other conquests in Central and East Africa, as well as the South Pacific. Republicans, at first hostile to empire, only became supportive when Germany started to build her own colonial empire. As it developed, the new empire took on roles of trade with France, supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items, as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language as well as Catholicism. It also provided crucial manpower in both World Wars.", "hi": "1830 में फ्रांस ने अल्जीरिया पर नियंत्रण कर लिया, लेकिन 1850 के बादअपने विश्वव्यापी साम्राज्य के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए वास्तव में शुरुआत किया, मुख्य रूप से उत्तर और पश्चिम अफ्रीका में, साथ ही दक्षिण-पूर्व एशिया में, मध्य और पूर्वी अफ्रीका में अन्य विजय के साथ-साथ दक्षिण प्रशांत में भी। । प्रजातंत्रवादी, जो पहले साम्राज्य के विरोधी थे, सहायक बन गये जब जर्मनी ने अपना स्वयं का औपनिवेशिक साम्राज्य बनाना शुरू कर दिया। जैसे यह विकसित हुआ, नए साम्राज्य ने फ्रांस के साथ व्यापार में भूमिका निभाई, कच्चे माल की आपूर्ति की और निर्मित वस्तुओं की खरीद की, साथ ही मातृभूमि को प्रतिष्ठा प्रदान किया और फ्रांसीसी सभ्यता और भाषा के साथ-साथ कैथोलिक धर्म का प्रसार किया। इसने दोनों विश्व युद्धों में महत्वपूर्ण जनशक्ति भी प्रदान की।" }

{ "en": "What religion did the French spread along with their imperialism? ", "hi": "फ्रांस ने अपने साम्राज्यवाद के साथ किस धर्म का प्रसार किया?" }

{ "en": [ "Catholicism" ], "hi": [ "कैथोलिक धर्म" ] }

{ "en": [ 609, 609, 609, 609, 609 ], "hi": [ 626 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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{ "en": "France took control of Algeria in 1830 but began in earnest to rebuild its worldwide empire after 1850, concentrating chiefly in North and West Africa, as well as South-East Asia, with other conquests in Central and East Africa, as well as the South Pacific. Republicans, at first hostile to empire, only became supportive when Germany started to build her own colonial empire. As it developed, the new empire took on roles of trade with France, supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items, as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language as well as Catholicism. It also provided crucial manpower in both World Wars.", "hi": "1830 में फ्रांस ने अल्जीरिया पर नियंत्रण कर लिया, लेकिन 1850 के बादअपने विश्वव्यापी साम्राज्य के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए वास्तव में शुरुआत किया, मुख्य रूप से उत्तर और पश्चिम अफ्रीका में, साथ ही दक्षिण-पूर्व एशिया में, मध्य और पूर्वी अफ्रीका में अन्य विजय के साथ-साथ दक्षिण प्रशांत में भी। । प्रजातंत्रवादी, जो पहले साम्राज्य के विरोधी थे, सहायक बन गये जब जर्मनी ने अपना स्वयं का औपनिवेशिक साम्राज्य बनाना शुरू कर दिया। जैसे यह विकसित हुआ, नए साम्राज्य ने फ्रांस के साथ व्यापार में भूमिका निभाई, कच्चे माल की आपूर्ति की और निर्मित वस्तुओं की खरीद की, साथ ही मातृभूमि को प्रतिष्ठा प्रदान किया और फ्रांसीसी सभ्यता और भाषा के साथ-साथ कैथोलिक धर्म का प्रसार किया। इसने दोनों विश्व युद्धों में महत्वपूर्ण जनशक्ति भी प्रदान की।" }

{ "en": "Where did France focus its efforts to rebuild its empire?", "hi": "फ्रांस ने अपने साम्राज्य के पुनर्निर्माण के प्रयासों को किस बात पर केंद्रित किया?" }

{ "en": [ "Africa" ], "hi": [ "उत्तर और पश्चिम अफ्रीका" ] }

{ "en": [ 144, 129, 129, 129, 129 ], "hi": [ 154 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Europe", "History of Hungary", "Human history", "Otto von Bismarck", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of liberalism", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "Age of Enlightenment", "Winston Churchill", "Scramble for Africa", "History of Belgium", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "Anti-Americanism", "History of Israel", "History of Mexico", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Atlantic slave trade", "Vichy France", "French Resistance", "Interracial marriage", "History of opera", "New Order (Nazism)", "Slavery in the United States", "Allies of World War II", "France in the long nineteenth century", "International relations (1919–1939)", "Types of socialism", "Neoliberalism", "Japan–United States relations", "Anti-communism", "Zhou Enlai", "History of Scotland", "Iran–Iraq War", "Great Divergence", "Ancient Carthage", "Maritime history", "History of the United States government", "Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism", "Oceania", "Soviet–Afghan War", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of Detroit", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Piracy", "History of the Jews in Poland", "War of 1812", "United Kingdom", "Mao Zedong", "Great Game", "Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "History of India", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "American Revolution", "International relations (1648–1814)", "History of Albania", "Napoleon III", "First Opium War", "Puerto Rico", "British Raj", "History of Malaysia", "Anti-Russian sentiment", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Western world", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "History of the Kuomintang", "Jomo Kenyatta", "European Union law", "Religion in China", "History of Ghana", "Light in painting", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Italian diaspora", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Economic history of Latin America", "Confederate States of America", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Populism", "Second Boer War", "Racism in the United States", "History of Iran", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Europeans in Oceania", "Spanish Civil War", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "History of Portugal", "Economic history of China before 1912", "American Revolutionary War", "Muammar Gaddafi", "History of China", "Dominican Republic", "Slavic Native Faith", "Demographic history of Macedonia", "List of irredentist claims or disputes", "Safavid Iran", "Yellow Peril", "History of West Africa", "History of Beijing", "Enoch Powell", "Napoleonic Wars", "Globalization", "Spain", "Seven Years' War", "Mexican Revolution", "Vietnam War", "Middle Ages", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "Hoa people", "History of Transylvania", "Key events of the 20th century", "Foreign relations of China", "Lithuania", "Imperial Roman army", "H. H. Asquith", "History of Taiwan", "China", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Portuguese people", "History of Cuba", "Cossacks", "Nicolae Iorga", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Conservatism", "Unification of Germany", "History of Algeria", "Reconstruction era", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "History of Chechnya", "Latin America–United States relations", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Theories of imperialism", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Anti-imperialism", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "League of Nations", "Vilnius", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Military history of Australia", "First Stadtholderless Period", "Political history of France", "Italian Americans", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Vladimir Putin", "Persecution of Muslims", "Anarchism in China", "British colonization of the Americas", "History of communism", "Israel", "Indigenous peoples", "History of Vietnam", "Mexico", "Roman Empire", "Pakistan", "Pacific War", "Russia", "Post-classical history", "Erwin Rommel", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "Napoleon", "Japanese war crimes", "Mexican–American War", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "African-American history", "Somalia", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Criticism of communist party rule", "Chiang Kai-shek", "Causes of World War I", "New Deal", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "History of Virginia", "Taiwan", "Treaty of Versailles", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "List of communist ideologies", "Josip Broz Tito", "Postcolonialism", "History of anthropology by country", "Colonial Nigeria", "Democracy", "Islamic terrorism", "Networked advocacy", "Alexander Zinoviev", "History of painting", "Anglo-Saxons", "Portuguese Empire", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Algerian War", "Crimean War", "History of Guyana", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Conquistador", "Korea under Japanese rule", "Arabs", "Military history of South America", "Multiculturalism", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Imperial examination", "American Civil War", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization", "Moldova", "Cultural Revolution", "History of Bangladesh", "History of Canada", "History of the Assyrians", "Ferdinand Marcos", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Nazi Germany", "Julius Nyerere", "Military history of France during World War II", "North Korea", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Baby boomers", "Iran", "History of United States prison systems", "Sierra Leone", "Manchukuo", "Progressive Era", "Value-form", "Chinese Filipino", "Albania", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Yemen", "Women in Islam", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Korean War", "Causes of World War II", "Far-right politics", "Manifest destiny", "Military strategy", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Russification of Ukraine", "History of Speyer", "Harold Macmillan", "History of propaganda", "Charles George Gordon", "British people", "History of Japan", "Special Relationship", "History of Cumbria", "South Korea", "Vietnam", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women's rights", "Habsburg Spain", "Protestantism", "History of Denmark", "Women's suffrage", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China", "History of Finland", "Douglas MacArthur", "Famine", "Civil rights movement", "Anti-Chinese sentiment", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "David Lloyd George", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Che Guevara", "List of country-name etymologies", "African military systems before 1800", "Crusader states", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Interwar period", "South African labour law", "History of Paraguay", "United Kingdom labour law", "Lebensraum", "History of Paris", "England", "United Russia", "Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration", "Reformation", "The Spirit of the Age", "German resistance to Nazism", "Trumpism", "Indian independence movement", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "Postcolonial international relations", "Interwar Britain", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Mamluk Sultanate", "History of the Ottoman Empire", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Sociocultural evolution", "Slavery in Africa", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "History of Thailand", "First Sino-Japanese War", "History of Jamaica", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Greek War of Independence", "Human cannibalism", "Turkey", "Chicano", "Christianization", "History of East Asia", "Greco-Italian War", "Xi Jinping", "First Indochina War", "History of Sierra Leone", "Liberation of France", "Foreign policy of the United States", "History of religion in the United States", "Chetniks", "Ethiopia", "Fake news", "History of Basilan", "John F. Kennedy", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Sweden", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "Maritime history of California", "Lumumba Government", "Germany–Japan relations", "Scythians", "Fourteen Points", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "France–United States relations", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "History of Mongolia", "Hungary", "Liberalism", "East Germany", "History of education in the United States", "Dutch East Indies", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "New Mexico", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Charles de Gaulle", "Military history of Italy", "Hellenistic period", "History of Christianity", "History of medicine", "History of Xinjiang", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Iran–United States relations", "Byzantine Empire", "History of England", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Ukraine", "Aztecs", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Women in government", "Chiapas", "Rhodesia", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Women in science", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "History of Indiana", "Ancient Rome", "French Algeria", "Egypt", "Nelson Mandela", "Colonial Brazil", "History of Kenya", "Criticism of capitalism", "Guatemalan Civil War", "ASEAN", "History of Málaga", "Louis XIV", "Cavalry", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Zionism", "History of Rio Grande do Sul", "Historical negationism", "Great Depression", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Robert Mugabe", "Fascist Italy (1922–1943)", "Syria", "Regency of Algiers", "Economic history of Mexico", "Border control", "Zionism", "Bangladesh", "Military history of France", "Spanish–American War", "History of Tunisia under French rule", "Anti-Catholicism", "History of Bulgaria", "Adolf Hitler", "Mircea Eliade", "History of the Caribbean", "Kingdom of Greece", "Pope Pius XII", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Iloilo City", "Denmark", "Georgia (country)", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Thailand", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Amin al-Husseini", "Woodrow Wilson", "Jawaharlal Nehru", "Venezuela", "French Directory", "History of science", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "Holy Roman Empire", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "History of magic", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Serbia", "George F. Kennan", "Sharia", "Iranian Revolution", "Nigeria", "Classical Anatolia", "Political positions of Noam Chomsky", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Mercenary", "Francisco Franco", "History of the Middle East", "John Maynard Keynes", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Wahhabism", "Myanmar", "History of the Qing dynasty", "Turkey–United States relations", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Nigerian Civil War", "Sardinian language", "History of democratic socialism", "Nguyễn dynasty", "Christianity", "Pierre Trudeau", "European Union", "Haiti", "Military history of the United States", "Africa–China economic relations", "Estonia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world", "Henry Kissinger", "Clement Attlee", "French Revolution", "History of Ireland", "Georges Bonnet", "History of the Republic of China", "Egyptians", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Sasanian Empire", "History of American newspapers", "Scotland", "Africa", "Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain", "Netherlands", "History of Lebanon", "Literacy", "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "Pol Pot", "Economy of East Asia", "History of Massachusetts", "Louisiana", "History of terrorism", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Israel–United States relations", "Quebec", "Kerala", "Austria-Hungary", "Marcus Garvey", "Germany–United States relations", "Armenia", "Brazil", "Kuomintang", "Haitian Revolution", "Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)", "Christian culture", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Foreign internal defense", "Democratic peace theory", "Kazakhstan", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "European debt crisis", "United States labor law", "Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration", "Foreign policy of the Russian Empire", "Byzantine navy", "Havana", "History of Indonesia", "Canada", "Afghanistan", "History of the Jews in Russia", "History of Somalia", "Yan Xishan", "Economy of India", "Tang dynasty", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Indira Gandhi", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1913–1933", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Postcolonial literature", "Capitalism", "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)", "History of slavery in the Muslim world", "Hugo Chávez", "History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", "Chinese Indonesians", "Contract", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Catholic Church", "Military history of Mexico", "Michael Heseltine", "History of New Zealand", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of Croatia", "Norway", "Charles Theodore Te Water", "Labor history of the United States", "Taiwan under Japanese rule", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "Antisemitism in Europe", "History of Morocco", "New World Order (conspiracy theory)", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Battle of Britain", "Marshall Plan", "Indo-European migrations", "Aftermath of World War II", "Marriage", "Dutch colonial empire", "South Africa", "Aftermath of World War I", "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "List of ancient great powers", "Cham Albanians", "Balfour Declaration", "Militia", "Jesuits", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "Uyghur genocide", "Ireland", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Themes in Nazi propaganda", "Habib Bourguiba", "Weimar Republic", "Convention People's Party", "Evolution of languages", "Operation Barbarossa", "Sephardic Jews", "Argentina", "1973 oil crisis", "Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War", "Bermuda", "Algeria", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Canada–United States relations", "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Sabah", "Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt", "Thomas Jefferson", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "Wales", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Deng Xiaoping", "Roman Republic", "Kashmir conflict", "Ketuanan Melayu", "North American fur trade", "Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration", "Berbers", "White people", "Karl Marx", "History of the United States (1865–1917)", "Herbert von Dirksen", "Culture of the United States", "Albanian nationalism", "History of Korea", "First Nations in Canada", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "Finnish Civil War", "History of the British Army", "History of Georgia (country)", "Economic history of Japan", "History of foreign relations of China", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "List of national capital city name etymologies", "Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy", "European colonization of the Americas", "History of Catalonia", "Presidency of William McKinley", "Indigenous Australians", "History of cartography", "Saudi Arabia", "History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)", "Petre P. Carp", "Midwestern United States", "History of antisemitism", "Riau Islands", "Foreign relations of Taiwan", "Portuguese Navy", "Psychology", "History of South Carolina", "Sukarno", "Belgian Congo", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Historiography", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Logology (science)", "Anthony Eden", "Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent", "History of the Balkans", "Origins of the Cold War", "Bulgarian Turks", "Joseon", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Vikings", "Sudan", "Empire of Brazil", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Neocolonialism", "Black Canadians", "United States", "Ecuador", "History of feminism", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Irish Americans", "News", "Papua (province)", "Prussian Union of Churches", "Madagascar", "African Americans", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Economy of China", "Yom Kippur War", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "Iraq", "Turkish people", "Gulf War", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Black Horror on the Rhine", "International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Harry S. Truman", "New Orleans", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Italian Empire", "Lesbian", "China–India relations", "History of Peru", "Socialist economics", "Trotskyism", "Pope John Paul II", "Music of Cuba", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Committee of Union and Progress", "Romania", "Sociology", "Qianzhuang", "René Vilatte", "Economic history of Germany", "Salafi movement", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of Mexico City", "Unification of Italy", "Culture of England", "American cuisine", "History of Germany (1945–1990)", "Race (human categorization)", "Guatemala", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "History of Greece", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "History of Gibraltar", "California", "German–Soviet economic relations (1934–1941)", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "History of the United States Navy", "Rashid Rida", "Joseph Conrad", "South America", "Free France", "Italians", "Geography of antisemitism", "Home front during World War II", "Libya", "Colombia", "Imperial Japanese Navy", "History of Ohio", "British Columbia", "Military history of Germany", "Jewish exodus from the Muslim world", "Boxer Rebellion", "Robert McNamara", "Political status of Taiwan", "Culture of Italy", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "History of Asmara", "History of anarchism", "Hawaii", "Syndicalism", "First Russian circumnavigation", "Cambodian–Vietnamese War", "Soviet Union in World War II", "Texas", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Andalusia", "Land reforms by country", "Benazir Bhutto", "Hamas", "List of book-burning incidents", "Systems of social stratification", "Education in China", "Foreign policy of the John F. Kennedy administration", "Nine Years' War", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "History of Southeast Asia", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Alexander von Humboldt", "History of Ethiopia", "Talcott Parsons", "William Ewart Gladstone", "Issues in anarchism", "Peru", "The Dresden Files characters", "List of Fables characters", "Military deception", "Catherine the Great", "History of Schleswig-Holstein", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Military band", "History of the Cyclades", "Nicaragua", "Shinzo Abe", "Women in music", "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Greater Germanic Reich", "New France", "Feminism", "Zimbabwe", "Thirty Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Kenya", "Common law", "Economic history of India", "Singapore", "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "Southern United States", "East End of London", "History of California", "LGBT history", "Danzig crisis", "History of Laos (1945–present)", "Fiji", "Chile", "Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration", "English land law", "Modern paganism", "Cambodia", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Afrikaners", "History of Nova Scotia", "History of Ukraine", "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "History of the United States (1917–1945)", "Russia–United States relations", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Fédon's rebellion", "Transformation of the Ottoman Empire", "Paul Kruger", "Alfred Hugenberg", "History of the Catholic Church", "Jewish history", "Colony of Jamaica", "Cold War in Asia", "Left-wing nationalism", "Law of value", "Germanic peoples", "First Bulgarian Empire", "Boris Johnson", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "Well-being contributing factors", "Blueberry (comics)", "Khmer Rouge", "Finland", "Morocco", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Slovenia", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Human rights in China", "Bengal famine of 1943", "George Washington", "Roman infantry tactics", "History of Honduras", "Charles Lindbergh", "Cultural imperialism", "Generation Z in the United States", "American entry into World War I", "1964 Brazilian coup d'état", "Spanish Inquisition", "Ngo Dinh Diem", "National and regional identity in Spain", "Liao dynasty", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Paper money of the Qing dynasty", "Armenian national movement", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Austria", "Political positions of John McCain", "Kosovo", "Poland", "Eastern Front (World War I)", "British National Party", "Louis XV", "Austronesian peoples", "Pacifism", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "George Orwell", "History of gunpowder", "History of libraries", "Technological and industrial history of the United States", "History of the Han dynasty", "Home front during World War I", "Albanians", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Black British people", "Repatriation (cultural property)", "List of national founders", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "History of Protestantism", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Ming dynasty", "Organized crime" ]

{ "en": "France took control of Algeria in 1830 but began in earnest to rebuild its worldwide empire after 1850, concentrating chiefly in North and West Africa, as well as South-East Asia, with other conquests in Central and East Africa, as well as the South Pacific. Republicans, at first hostile to empire, only became supportive when Germany started to build her own colonial empire. As it developed, the new empire took on roles of trade with France, supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items, as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language as well as Catholicism. It also provided crucial manpower in both World Wars.", "hi": "1830 में फ्रांस ने अल्जीरिया पर नियंत्रण कर लिया, लेकिन 1850 के बादअपने विश्वव्यापी साम्राज्य के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए वास्तव में शुरुआत किया, मुख्य रूप से उत्तर और पश्चिम अफ्रीका में, साथ ही दक्षिण-पूर्व एशिया में, मध्य और पूर्वी अफ्रीका में अन्य विजय के साथ-साथ दक्षिण प्रशांत में भी। । प्रजातंत्रवादी, जो पहले साम्राज्य के विरोधी थे, सहायक बन गये जब जर्मनी ने अपना स्वयं का औपनिवेशिक साम्राज्य बनाना शुरू कर दिया। जैसे यह विकसित हुआ, नए साम्राज्य ने फ्रांस के साथ व्यापार में भूमिका निभाई, कच्चे माल की आपूर्ति की और निर्मित वस्तुओं की खरीद की, साथ ही मातृभूमि को प्रतिष्ठा प्रदान किया और फ्रांसीसी सभ्यता और भाषा के साथ-साथ कैथोलिक धर्म का प्रसार किया। इसने दोनों विश्व युद्धों में महत्वपूर्ण जनशक्ति भी प्रदान की।" }

{ "en": "When did French Republicans back building the French empire?", "hi": "फ्रांसीसी प्रजातंत्रवादीयों ने फ्रांसीसी साम्राज्य का निर्माण कब किया?" }

{ "en": [ "when Germany started to build her own" ], "hi": [ "जब जर्मनी ने अपना स्वयं का औपनिवेशिक साम्राज्य बनाना शुरू कर दिया" ] }

{ "en": [ 323, 328, 323, 323, 323 ], "hi": [ 348 ] }

[ "History and Society.Military and warfare", "History and Society.Politics and government" ]

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[ "Imperialism", "History of Western civilization", "Historiography of the British Empire", "List of modern great powers", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of Germany", "History of France", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "World War II by country", "History of Australia", "French colonial empire", "American imperialism", "Latin America", "History of Austria", "Cold War", "History of socialism", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of Europe", "History of United States foreign policy", "History of slavery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of the Netherlands", "History of the United States", "Empire", "History of Poland", "British Empire", "Late modern period", "Miscegenation", "Marxism–Leninism", "German colonial empire", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Economic history of the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "Axis powers", "Foreign relations of India", "History of the Philippines", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Development communication", "Joseph Stalin", "Socialism", "Spanish Empire", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Nazism", "Nationalism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "History of Russia", "Detribalization", "Italy", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "Institutional racism", "Soviet Union", "Persecution of Christians", "Political history of the world", "History of French foreign relations", "Colonialism", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "American frontier", "Leon Trotsky", "Ottoman Empire", "Decolonization", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Lisbon", "History of Palestine", "Military history of Canada", "Age of Discovery", "History of Italy", "Fascism", "World War II", "South African Border War", "Native Americans in the United States", "History of colonialism", "Industrial Revolution", "French Third Republic", "History of women in the United States", "Early modern period", "Qing dynasty", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Economic history of France", "New Imperialism", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "Racism", "Russian Empire", "Nazi racial theories", "Historikerstreit", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Kingdom of Italy", "French Indochina", "History of social democracy", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "History of Guatemala", "Military history of Japan", "Foreign relations of the Soviet Union", "History of Nigeria", "History of Poles in the United States", "History of the Southern United States", "Economic history of Portugal", "Millennials", "Slavery", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Self-determination", "History of Spain", "Tartan", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of education", "History of Missouri", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Portugal", "Suez Crisis", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Greece", "World War I", "Ethnomusicology", "History of the nude in art", "Empire of Japan", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "France–United Kingdom relations", "History of Tunisia", "German Empire", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Fidel Castro", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of Islam", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Apartheid", "History of Lithuania", "Polish–Soviet War", "Ion Antonescu", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "White Africans of European ancestry", "China–United States relations", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Zakynthos", "Vladimir Lenin", "History of Asia", "Eastern Bloc", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. 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{ "en": "The movement which would become The United Methodist Church began in the mid-18th century within the Church of England. A small group of students, including John Wesley, Charles Wesley and George Whitefield, met on the Oxford University campus. They focused on Bible study, methodical study of scripture and living a holy life. Other students mocked them, saying they were the \"Holy Club\" and \"the Methodists\", being methodical and exceptionally detailed in their Bible study, opinions and disciplined lifestyle. Eventually, the so-called Methodists started individual societies or classes for members of the Church of England who wanted to live a more religious life.", "hi": "इंग्लैंड के चर्च के भीतर एक आंदोलन जो द यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च बन गया जिसकी शुरुआत 18 वीं शताब्दी के मध्य में हुई थी। जॉन वेस्ले, चार्ल्स वेस्ले और जॉर्ज व्हाइटफील्ड सहित छात्रों के एक छोटे समूह ने ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में मुलाकात की। उन्होंने बाइबल अध्ययन, पवित्र शास्त्र के विधिपूर्वकअध्ययन और पवित्र जीवन जीने पर ध्यान केंद्रित किया। उनके नियमशील और असाधारण रूप से विस्तृत बाइबल अध्ययन, मान्यताओं और अनुशासित जीवन शैली के कारण, अन्य छात्रों ने उनका मजाक उड़ाते हुए उन्हें \"पवित्र क्लब\" और \"मेथोडिस्ट\" कहा। आखिरकार, तथाकथित मेथोडिस्टों ने इंग्लैंड के चर्च के सदस्यों के लिए व्यक्तिगत सोसाइटी या कक्षाएं शुरू कीं, जो अधिक धार्मिक जीवन जीना चाहते थे।" }

{ "en": "When did the movement that would become The United Methodist Church begin?", "hi": "वह आंदोलन कब शुरू हुआ जो बाद में यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च बना?" }

{ "en": [ "mid-18th century" ], "hi": [ "18 वीं शताब्दी" ] }

{ "en": [ 73, 60, 73 ], "hi": [ 85 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. 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{ "en": "The movement which would become The United Methodist Church began in the mid-18th century within the Church of England. A small group of students, including John Wesley, Charles Wesley and George Whitefield, met on the Oxford University campus. They focused on Bible study, methodical study of scripture and living a holy life. Other students mocked them, saying they were the \"Holy Club\" and \"the Methodists\", being methodical and exceptionally detailed in their Bible study, opinions and disciplined lifestyle. Eventually, the so-called Methodists started individual societies or classes for members of the Church of England who wanted to live a more religious life.", "hi": "इंग्लैंड के चर्च के भीतर एक आंदोलन जो द यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च बन गया जिसकी शुरुआत 18 वीं शताब्दी के मध्य में हुई थी। जॉन वेस्ले, चार्ल्स वेस्ले और जॉर्ज व्हाइटफील्ड सहित छात्रों के एक छोटे समूह ने ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में मुलाकात की। उन्होंने बाइबल अध्ययन, पवित्र शास्त्र के विधिपूर्वकअध्ययन और पवित्र जीवन जीने पर ध्यान केंद्रित किया। उनके नियमशील और असाधारण रूप से विस्तृत बाइबल अध्ययन, मान्यताओं और अनुशासित जीवन शैली के कारण, अन्य छात्रों ने उनका मजाक उड़ाते हुए उन्हें \"पवित्र क्लब\" और \"मेथोडिस्ट\" कहा। आखिरकार, तथाकथित मेथोडिस्टों ने इंग्लैंड के चर्च के सदस्यों के लिए व्यक्तिगत सोसाइटी या कक्षाएं शुरू कीं, जो अधिक धार्मिक जीवन जीना चाहते थे।" }

{ "en": "Where did the movement that would become The United Methodist Church begin?", "hi": "वह आंदोलन कहाँ शुरू हुआ जो बाद में यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च बना?" }

{ "en": [ "within the Church of England" ], "hi": [ "इंग्लैंड के चर्च के भीतर" ] }

{ "en": [ 90, 97, 97 ], "hi": [ 0 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. 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Jackson Women's Health Organization", "History of the Catholic Church", "LGBT rights in Australia", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "LGBT movements in the United States", "Transgender rights in the United States", "Mennonites", "The Dresden Files characters", "Generation Z in the United States", "Women in Christianity", "Martin Luther", "Sharia", "Donald Trump", "American frontier", "Absolution", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "History of socialism", "George W. 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Truman", "Social media use by Donald Trump", "Pacifism", "Eucharist in the Catholic Church", "Unionism in Ireland", "Turkey–United States relations", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal", "Social media", "History of Transylvania", "Imperial Roman army", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Israel", "History of lesbianism in the United States", "Paul the Apostle", "Political positions of Jeb Bush", "American Civil War", "Officers' Association", "John McCain", "Vietnam War", "Women's suffrage", "James Dobson", "Culture of the United States", "Bernie Sanders", "Nicolae Iorga", "Christianity in China", "Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union", "George Pell", "Second Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Interracial marriage", "Dominican Republic", "Taiwan", "Homosexuality", "Jewish views on homosexuality", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Modern paganism", "Nazi Germany", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "Chicano", "Culture of England", "Church of the Holy Innocents, Rossmore", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Don't ask, don't tell", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Pre-Code Hollywood", "Education in China", "History of gay men in the United States", "Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform", "American Jews", "Iranian Revolution", "Fascism", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Blueberry (comics)", "Harry S. 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E. B. Du Bois", "Military history of Canada", "Chip Roy", "New Age", "Howard government", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "List of Sharpe series characters", "Ki Tissa", "Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson", "Joining of the Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe to the Moscow Patriarchate", "LGBT rights in Jamaica", "National Collegiate Athletic Association", "Huldrych Zwingli", "Jeanine Áñez", "International Criminal Court", "Christian mission", "History of the Church of the Nazarene", "Gay men", "West Germany", "United Kingdom insolvency law", "Sardinian language", "History of Paris", "Culture and menstruation", "Houston", "Nawaz Sharif", "Conservative Party (UK)", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Elhanan Winchester", "History of the United States Constitution", "Dorothy Day", "2013–2014 Thai political crisis", "Henry Kissinger", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Black Lives Matter", "History of the Kuomintang", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "New Jersey", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Christianity in India", "Islamic banking and finance", "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand", "Bermuda" ]

{ "en": "The movement which would become The United Methodist Church began in the mid-18th century within the Church of England. A small group of students, including John Wesley, Charles Wesley and George Whitefield, met on the Oxford University campus. They focused on Bible study, methodical study of scripture and living a holy life. Other students mocked them, saying they were the \"Holy Club\" and \"the Methodists\", being methodical and exceptionally detailed in their Bible study, opinions and disciplined lifestyle. Eventually, the so-called Methodists started individual societies or classes for members of the Church of England who wanted to live a more religious life.", "hi": "इंग्लैंड के चर्च के भीतर एक आंदोलन जो द यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च बन गया जिसकी शुरुआत 18 वीं शताब्दी के मध्य में हुई थी। जॉन वेस्ले, चार्ल्स वेस्ले और जॉर्ज व्हाइटफील्ड सहित छात्रों के एक छोटे समूह ने ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में मुलाकात की। उन्होंने बाइबल अध्ययन, पवित्र शास्त्र के विधिपूर्वकअध्ययन और पवित्र जीवन जीने पर ध्यान केंद्रित किया। उनके नियमशील और असाधारण रूप से विस्तृत बाइबल अध्ययन, मान्यताओं और अनुशासित जीवन शैली के कारण, अन्य छात्रों ने उनका मजाक उड़ाते हुए उन्हें \"पवित्र क्लब\" और \"मेथोडिस्ट\" कहा। आखिरकार, तथाकथित मेथोडिस्टों ने इंग्लैंड के चर्च के सदस्यों के लिए व्यक्तिगत सोसाइटी या कक्षाएं शुरू कीं, जो अधिक धार्मिक जीवन जीना चाहते थे।" }

{ "en": "Why was the student group called \"the Methodists?\"", "hi": "छात्र समूह को \"मेथोडिस्ट्स\" क्यों कहा गया था?" }

{ "en": [ "being methodical and exceptionally detailed in their Bible study" ], "hi": [ "उनके नियमशील और असाधारण रूप से विस्तृत बाइबल अध्ययन" ] }

{ "en": [ 411, 245, 411 ], "hi": [ 352 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. Branham", "European Union law", "Book of Common Prayer", "Quakers", "Mar Thoma Syrian Church", "History of Western civilization", "United Kingdom labour law", "History of the United States", "American Civil Liberties Union", "Evangelicalism in the United States", "Political positions of Ron Paul", "Women in the Catholic Church", "United States labor law", "East–West Schism", "Native Americans in the United States", "Christianity in the United States", "Apostasy in Christianity", "English Reformation", "Christianity and abortion", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of France", "Holy orders", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Desmond Tutu", "United Russia", "LGBT clergy in Christianity", "History of Mexican Americans", "Slavery in the United States", "History of Austria", "History of Poles in the United States", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Political positions of John McCain", "Religion in China", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Sola fide", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "Catholic theology", "Pope Benedict XVI", "Confederate States of America", "Anglican Church in North America", "History of Christianity", "Roe v. Wade", "Theology of Pope Francis", "Presbyterian Church in America", "H. H. Asquith", "Erasmus", "Slavic Native Faith", "Philippine Independent Church", "Ethnomusicology", "Christian ethics", "African Methodist Episcopal Church", "Texas", "Homosexuality and religion", "Religious symbolism in the United States military", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Seventh-day Adventist Church", "Churches of Christ", "African-American history", "African Americans", "History of Detroit", "Beliefs and practices of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "History of Speyer", "Restoration Movement", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Tartan", "The Salvation Army", "Martin Luther King Jr.", "First Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Political positions of Susan Collins", "History of Guatemala", "Freedom of religion in Asia by country", "Ralph Northam", "Separation of church and state", "Criticism of Christianity", "Women's rights", "Religion and sexuality", "Christian views on slavery", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign", "Christian perfection", "Puerto Rico", "Miscegenation", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of the Episcopal Church (United States)", "Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization", "History of the Catholic Church", "LGBT rights in Australia", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "LGBT movements in the United States", "Transgender rights in the United States", "Mennonites", "The Dresden Files characters", "Generation Z in the United States", "Women in Christianity", "Martin Luther", "Sharia", "Donald Trump", "American frontier", "Absolution", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "History of socialism", "George W. Bush", "Latin America", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "History of the Netherlands", "History of Christian theology", "Open Brethren", "Pope Paul VI", "Anglican Church of Canada", "Colonial history of the United States", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Foreign relations of India", "Filioque", "Freedom of religion in Russia", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion", "Republican Party (United States)", "South African criminal law", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "History of the United States government", "Reform Judaism", "Michael Heseltine", "Lumumba Government", "Apartheid", "French Resistance", "History of the nude in art", "History of United States prison systems", "Political positions of Joe Biden", "Unification Church", "Maximilien Robespierre", "History of Scotland", "Church of the Brethren", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Calvinism", "Human rights in the United States", "Abortion in the United States", "Contract", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Christian right", "Economic history of the United States", "New Mexico", "German resistance to Nazism", "Enoch Powell", "Trumpism", "Italian Americans", "Congregationalism in the United States", "Anti-Catholicism", "Pope", "Religious views on same-sex marriage", "Robert Lusk", "Progressive Era", "Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Augustine of Hippo", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Supreme Court of the United States", "South African Border War", "Racism in the United States", "History of education in the United States", "Hoodoo (spirituality)", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "History of Poland", "Socialism", "Racial views of Donald Trump", "The Spirit of the Age", "Scientology", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Domestic violence", "Jesuits", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Christianity and Judaism", "Freedom of religion in Vietnam", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Deacon", "Puritans", "New Deal", "Trump administration family separation policy", "Arab citizens of Israel", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women in government", "Confessing Movement", "Political positions of Donald Trump", "Jehovah's Witnesses", "Latin Church", "History of the Southern United States", "Christian views on alcohol", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter", "Presidency of Barack Obama", "Nazism", "Fidel Castro", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "John F. Kennedy", "Ion Antonescu", "Hillary Clinton", "Evangelical Methodist Church", "China–United States relations", "Catholic Church in England and Wales", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Reinhard Marx", "Conscience", "1562 Riots of Toulouse", "Presbyterianism", "New Testament", "Vladimir Putin", "Black church", "Community of Christ", "Light in painting", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections", "Lyndon B. Johnson", "Sierra Leone", "Bill Clinton", "Social policy of Donald Trump", "Mircea Eliade", "Boris Johnson", "Defamation", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Mitt Romney", "First Great Awakening", "Barack Obama", "History of the Church of England", "United Church of Canada", "Cold War", "Overview of gun laws by nation", "Iloilo City", "Lutheran Church of Australia", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Palestine", "Leon Trotsky", "Political positions of Elizabeth Warren", "Human rights in the United Kingdom", "Human rights in Israel", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Mainline Protestant", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987)", "Virginia", "Steele dossier", "Islamic terrorism", "Vilnius", "Christian denomination", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Observance of Christmas by country", "History of magic", "Constitution of the United States", "Soviet Union", "Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist", "Historikerstreit", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Portugal", "Women in the Bible", "List of Mad Men characters", "Salvation in Christianity", "Lesbian", "Roman Curia", "Fake news", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "David Lloyd George", "Relationship between religion and science", "Wahhabism", "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud", "Robert Byrd", "Conservative Judaism", "Robert F. Kennedy", "Student Volunteer Movement", "Hamas", "Religion in Nazi Germany", "Irish Americans", "Glenn Youngkin", "Recognition of same-sex unions in India", "Hispanic and Latino Americans", "Confirmation", "Clergy", "Ordination of women in Methodism", "Governorship of Glenn Youngkin", "Incarceration in the United States", "Mormonism and Nicene Christianity", "Reformation in the Kingdom of Hungary", "Thomas Jefferson", "Catholic Church in the United States", "Age of Enlightenment", "Bible", "Amoris laetitia", "Well-being contributing factors", "Fasting in religion", "Canadian Indian residential school system", "Orthodox Judaism", "Ulysses S. Grant", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Purgatory", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Reactions of the Eastern Orthodox churches to the 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism", "Jesse Helms", "Christianity in the 19th century", "List of The Shield characters", "Restorationism", "Rejection of evolution by religious groups", "Rudy Giuliani", "History of United States foreign policy", "South African contract law", "Iran–United States relations", "Joseph Stalin", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "LGBT rights in the Philippines", "History of Protestantism in the United States", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "History of Indiana", "University of Pennsylvania", "History of Virginia", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters", "List of Fables characters", "Benjamin Netanyahu", "List of Christian denominations", "Nancy Pelosi", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Homosexuality and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Clarence Thomas", "Freedom of religion", "History of slavery", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Reformed Episcopal Church", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Tunisia", "Greece", "Nelson Mandela", "Judaism", "Jesus", "Charles George Gordon", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Unitarian Universalism", "History of Israel", "Ku Klux Klan", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Black Catholicism", "Affirmative action in the United States", "LGBT rights in Canada", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Judaism and Mormonism", "Book of Common Prayer (1549)", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "World War II by country", "Raymond Leo Burke", "Networked advocacy", "Jomo Kenyatta", "Uyghur genocide", "Xi Jinping", "History of the Philippines", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Racial segregation of churches in the United States", "History of Nigeria", "Religion in the United Kingdom", "Reproductive rights", "Violence against women", "Italy", "Ten Commandments in Catholic theology", "Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)", "Democratic Party (United States)", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Detribalization", "History of the Jews in Poland", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "American Revolution", "Jimmy Carter", "LGBT rights in Mexico", "Jury", "Religion of Black Americans", "Lithuania", "List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise", "Abraham Lincoln", "John Adams", "Anglo-Saxons", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran", "George McGovern", "Camden, New Jersey", "New Orleans", "Oath of office", "Thomas Aquinas", "Jim Jones", "History of the Catholic Church in the United States", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Mary, mother of Jesus", "Fundamentalist–modernist controversy", "Julius Nyerere", "LGBT history", "Characters of Casualty", "Marcus Garvey", "Douglas MacArthur", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Women in science", "Capital punishment in the United States", "Tim Kaine", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "George Washington", "Israel–United States relations", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Paris in the 18th century", "Homelessness in the United States by state", "Reproductive justice", "Islam in the United States", "Cesar Chavez", "LGBT people and Islam", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Affordable Care Act", "European Union", "Zhou Enlai", "Unite the Right rally", "Nazi racial theories", "Jewish feminism", "Moldova", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Authoritarian socialism", "Falun Gong", "Excommunication", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis", "Kashmir conflict", "History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "LGBT rights in India", "Imperial examination", "Benazir Bhutto", "Human rights in China", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Boy Scouts of America membership controversies", "Lent", "Article One of the United States Constitution", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "Archibald Cox", "Rastafari", "Sexual harassment", "Christianity in the 20th century", "Abolitionism in the United States", "World Jewish Congress", "Police brutality by country", "Spanish Inquisition", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Literacy", "Special Relationship", "Saint Peter", "Church of Scotland", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Logology (science)", "Mississippi", "Jean Chrétien", "Women in music", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "BDSM", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Labor history of the United States", "Voting Rights Act of 1965", "Hawaii", "English land law", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Social media use by Donald Trump", "Pacifism", "Eucharist in the Catholic Church", "Unionism in Ireland", "Turkey–United States relations", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal", "Social media", "History of Transylvania", "Imperial Roman army", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Israel", "History of lesbianism in the United States", "Paul the Apostle", "Political positions of Jeb Bush", "American Civil War", "Officers' Association", "John McCain", "Vietnam War", "Women's suffrage", "James Dobson", "Culture of the United States", "Bernie Sanders", "Nicolae Iorga", "Christianity in China", "Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union", "George Pell", "Second Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Interracial marriage", "Dominican Republic", "Taiwan", "Homosexuality", "Jewish views on homosexuality", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Modern paganism", "Nazi Germany", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "Chicano", "Culture of England", "Church of the Holy Innocents, Rossmore", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Don't ask, don't tell", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Pre-Code Hollywood", "Education in China", "History of gay men in the United States", "Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform", "American Jews", "Iranian Revolution", "Fascism", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Blueberry (comics)", "Harry S. Truman", "Flint water crisis", "John Cotton (minister)", "History of social democracy", "History of Ghana", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Convention People's Party", "Hugo Chávez", "Free will", "Baptists", "William Howard Taft", "Philadelphia", "Common law", "Canada convoy protest", "Polygamy", "German Americans", "LGBT movements", "Political positions of Lisa Murkowski", "Billy Graham", "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Justification (theology)", "Marital rape", "Pierre Trudeau", "Women's liberation movement in Europe", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "Habib Bourguiba", "LGBT rights in Queensland", "Benjamin Franklin", "History of Lisbon", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia", "Erwin Rommel", "Abortion in the United Kingdom", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Jesse Jackson", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Colombian peace process", "Police corruption", "Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom", "History of American newspapers", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "American imperialism", "Saudi Arabia", "Dissolution of the monasteries", "Robert Mugabe", "German government response to the COVID-19 pandemic", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Iran–Iraq War", "Sex education in the United States", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Sweden", "Sabbath in Christianity", "Personal ordinariate", "History of the Catholic Church in France", "Robert McNamara", "List of book-burning incidents", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "France", "John Henry Newman", "History of Zakynthos", "Anti-BDS laws", "Yulia Tymoshenko", "Srebrenica massacre", "17 October Revolution", "French Third Republic", "East Germany", "Presidency of George Washington", "Jeff Sessions", "John McCain 2008 presidential campaign", "John Calvin", "Sexism", "Christianization", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "Ted Kennedy", "Thirty-nine Articles", "South African constitutional litigation", "Sex trafficking", "Baby boomers", "Clavier-Übung III", "Criticism of Amazon", "European debt crisis", "Free will in theology", "Marriage in the Catholic Church", "2014 Scottish independence referendum", "Mexican Revolution", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Sabbatarianism", "List of Garo characters", "Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign", "British Raj", "Vladimir Lenin", "England", "Moravian Church", "The New Church (Swedenborgian)", "Catholic Church and ecumenism", "Central Philippine University", "Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops", "Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte", "Middle Ages", "Pakistan", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics", "Arizona SB 1070", "Racism", "Divorce", "Hierarchy of the Catholic Church", "Conservatism", "History of the Quakers", "Indigenous Australians", "Winston Churchill", "Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis", "Vermont", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Chinese Filipino", "Joe Biden", "Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions", "Persecution of Muslims", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Hagia Sophia", "Taoism", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Political positions of Tulsi Gabbard", "Roy Moore", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "British National Party", "Mueller report", "Pornography", "Premiership of Boris Johnson", "Norway", "Blasphemy law", "Va'etchanan", "William Barr", "Shinzo Abe", "History of opera", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "French Directory", "Susan B. Anthony", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters", "James K. Polk", "Louisiana", "2008 California Proposition 8", "Governorship of Mitt Romney", "Northern Ireland", "Compulsory sterilization", "Twitter", "Alabama", "Church of the United Brethren in Christ", "Salafi movement", "Ken Livingstone", "Massachusetts", "Reading", "False or misleading statements by Donald Trump", "David Cameron", "History of the Puritans under King Charles I", "Religion and capital punishment", "List of NCIS characters", "Woodrow Wilson", "Catholic Church and slavery", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Rick Santorum", "History of Unitarianism", "Spanish Civil War", "Catholicity", "La Luz del Mundo", "New York (state)", "California Lutheran University", "Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Gender role", "North Carolina", "History of Lithuania", "Last Generation Theology", "Capital punishment", "Freedom of religion in Africa by country", "1996 California Proposition 218", "Southern United States", "Education in the United States", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "Suez Crisis", "Slavery", "Montana", "Warren G. Harding", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Cultural Revolution", "Scotland", "Facebook", "English trust law", "Ketuanan Melayu", "Biblical criticism", "Patriot Act", "Holy Week", "Napoleon III", "Alt-right", "Vichy France", "Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale", "History of Beijing", "QAnon", "Christian mysticism", "Affair of the Cards", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "Freedom of religion in Uzbekistan", "Russian Orthodox Church", "Flood v. Kuhn", "List of modern great powers", "West Virginia", "Alberto Gonzales", "List of Judge Dredd characters", "Human sexuality", "Mormonism and women", "Political positions of John Delaney", "Rescue of Jews by Catholics during the Holocaust", "Homelessness", "Christian monasticism", "Mexican–American War", "North Korea", "History of feminism", "Mike Pence", "Harold Wilson", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "14th Dalai Lama", "War of 1812", "Quebec", "Education in India", "Monarchy of Canada", "Political positions of Kamala Harris", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "Mexico", "Meaning of life", "Vaccine hesitancy", "Democracy", "Neoliberalism", "Iraq War", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Somalia", "Josemaría Escrivá", "Alexander Hamilton", "History of Cumbria", "Catholic Church and politics in the United States", "William Ewart Gladstone", "History of Shinto", "MeToo movement", "Criticism of Facebook", "Illegal immigration to the United States", "History of Eastern Orthodox theology", "Arminianism", "Trump–Ukraine scandal", "Revelation (short story)", "Gab (social network)", "Nostra aetate", "Church of Ireland", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "Estonia", "Josip Broz Tito", "History of Jamaica", "Che Guevara", "Socialist Party of America", "Philadelphia Eleven", "Amin al-Husseini", "Andrew Johnson", "Medical school", "Chetniks", "Charleston church shooting", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Kris Kobach", "Richard Nixon", "Sonia Sotomayor", "Revival of 1800", "Adolescence", "Wikipedia", "Psychology", "Palmarian Christian Church", "Value-form", "Feminism", "Scott Pruitt", "Freedom of speech by country", "Anglican Catholic Church", "Anglican doctrine", "Walmart", "Book of Mormon", "Racial achievement gap in the United States", "Bill Cosby sexual assault cases", "Child marriage", "Antonin Scalia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Separation of church and state in the United States", "Black Canadians", "Olusegun Obasanjo", "Glossary of French criminal law", "Paul von Hindenburg", "St. George's United Methodist Church (Philadelphia)", "George H. W. Bush", "Dreyfus affair", "Mary Magdalene", "Shofetim (parashah)", "John Tyler", "History of Zionism", "Citizens United v. FEC", "In vitro fertilisation", "United Kingdom enterprise law", "Edward Snowden", "Populism", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Dissent from Catholic teaching on homosexuality", "Systems of social stratification", "Clerical celibacy", "Russian Empire", "Eisteddfod", "Eastern esotericism", "Christianity in Australia", "Anti-communism", "Conscientious objector", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Thracian religion", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Women in Pakistan", "Nothing Records", "Patrick Henry", "Talcott Parsons", "Aimee Semple McPherson", "Havana", "California", "Cousin marriage", "Antisemitism in Islam", "Religion and LGBT people", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Types of socialism", "Tucker Carlson", "History of Hungary", "Temperance movement", "Epiphany (holiday)", "Roman Empire", "Druze", "Television in the United States", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Far-right politics", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "List of Shameless (British TV series) characters", "John Kasich", "Mao Zedong", "History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1800–1899", "Ethiopia", "History of the Puritans in North America", "History of Belgium", "Religion in ancient Rome", "2009 ELCA Churchwide Assembly", "Women in Judaism", "Industrial Revolution", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Military history of Canada", "Chip Roy", "New Age", "Howard government", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "List of Sharpe series characters", "Ki Tissa", "Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson", "Joining of the Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe to the Moscow Patriarchate", "LGBT rights in Jamaica", "National Collegiate Athletic Association", "Huldrych Zwingli", "Jeanine Áñez", "International Criminal Court", "Christian mission", "History of the Church of the Nazarene", "Gay men", "West Germany", "United Kingdom insolvency law", "Sardinian language", "History of Paris", "Culture and menstruation", "Houston", "Nawaz Sharif", "Conservative Party (UK)", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Elhanan Winchester", "History of the United States Constitution", "Dorothy Day", "2013–2014 Thai political crisis", "Henry Kissinger", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Black Lives Matter", "History of the Kuomintang", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "New Jersey", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Christianity in India", "Islamic banking and finance", "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand", "Bermuda" ]

{ "en": "Members of the United Methodist Church who identify with the pro-life position have organized into the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality (TUMAS) to further their position within the denomination. There was an attempt to withdraw the United Methodist Church membership in the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice at their General Conference, held in May 2012, with a petition that passed through the legislative subcommittee and committee votes, but was not given a floor vote. Rev. Paul T. Stallsworth, president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality said he \"had every reason to believe\" that pro-life delegates would have won a floor vote.", "hi": "यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के सदस्य, जो जीवन-समर्थक स्थिति के साथ की पहचान जाते हैं, ने संप्रदाय के भीतर अपनी स्थिति को आगे बढ़ाने के लिए टास्कफोर्स ऑफ़ यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट्स ऑन एबॉर्शन एंड सेक्सुअलिटी (TUMAS) को संगठित किया है। मई 2012 में विधायी उपसमिति और समिति के वोटों से गुजरने वाली एक याचिका के साथ, प्रजनन विकल्प के लिए धार्मिक गठबंधन के जनरल कॉन्फ्रेंस में यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च की सदस्यता को वापस लेने की कोशिश की गई थी, लेकिन उन्हें फ्लोर वोट नहीं दिया गया। टास्कफोर्स ऑफ़ यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट्स ऑन एबॉर्शन एंड सेक्सुअलिटी के अध्यक्ष, रेव पॉल टी. स्टाल्सवर्थ ने कहा कि उनके पास \"विश्वास करने का हर कारण\" था कि जीवन-समर्थक प्रतिनिधियों ने फ्लोर वोट जीता होगा।" }

{ "en": "What is the taskforce that was organized to identify with the pro-life position?", "hi": "वह टास्कफोर्स क्या है जिसे जीवन समर्थक स्थिति के साथ पहचानने के लिए संगठित किया गया था?" }

{ "en": [ "Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality (" ], "hi": [ "टास्कफोर्स ऑफ़ यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट्स ऑन एबॉर्शन एंड सेक्सुअलिटी (" ] }

{ "en": [ 103, 116, 0 ], "hi": [ 136 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. 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{ "en": "Members of the United Methodist Church who identify with the pro-life position have organized into the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality (TUMAS) to further their position within the denomination. There was an attempt to withdraw the United Methodist Church membership in the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice at their General Conference, held in May 2012, with a petition that passed through the legislative subcommittee and committee votes, but was not given a floor vote. Rev. Paul T. Stallsworth, president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality said he \"had every reason to believe\" that pro-life delegates would have won a floor vote.", "hi": "यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के सदस्य, जो जीवन-समर्थक स्थिति के साथ की पहचान जाते हैं, ने संप्रदाय के भीतर अपनी स्थिति को आगे बढ़ाने के लिए टास्कफोर्स ऑफ़ यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट्स ऑन एबॉर्शन एंड सेक्सुअलिटी (TUMAS) को संगठित किया है। मई 2012 में विधायी उपसमिति और समिति के वोटों से गुजरने वाली एक याचिका के साथ, प्रजनन विकल्प के लिए धार्मिक गठबंधन के जनरल कॉन्फ्रेंस में यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च की सदस्यता को वापस लेने की कोशिश की गई थी, लेकिन उन्हें फ्लोर वोट नहीं दिया गया। टास्कफोर्स ऑफ़ यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट्स ऑन एबॉर्शन एंड सेक्सुअलिटी के अध्यक्ष, रेव पॉल टी. स्टाल्सवर्थ ने कहा कि उनके पास \"विश्वास करने का हर कारण\" था कि जीवन-समर्थक प्रतिनिधियों ने फ्लोर वोट जीता होगा।" }

{ "en": "In what year was there an attempt to withdraw the UMC membership?", "hi": "किस वर्ष में UMC सदस्यता को वापस लेने का प्रयास किया गया था?" }

{ "en": [ "2012" ], "hi": [ "2012" ] }

{ "en": [ 383, 383, 383 ], "hi": [ 228 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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{ "en": "Members of the United Methodist Church who identify with the pro-life position have organized into the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality (TUMAS) to further their position within the denomination. There was an attempt to withdraw the United Methodist Church membership in the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice at their General Conference, held in May 2012, with a petition that passed through the legislative subcommittee and committee votes, but was not given a floor vote. Rev. Paul T. Stallsworth, president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality said he \"had every reason to believe\" that pro-life delegates would have won a floor vote.", "hi": "यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के सदस्य, जो जीवन-समर्थक स्थिति के साथ की पहचान जाते हैं, ने संप्रदाय के भीतर अपनी स्थिति को आगे बढ़ाने के लिए टास्कफोर्स ऑफ़ यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट्स ऑन एबॉर्शन एंड सेक्सुअलिटी (TUMAS) को संगठित किया है। मई 2012 में विधायी उपसमिति और समिति के वोटों से गुजरने वाली एक याचिका के साथ, प्रजनन विकल्प के लिए धार्मिक गठबंधन के जनरल कॉन्फ्रेंस में यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च की सदस्यता को वापस लेने की कोशिश की गई थी, लेकिन उन्हें फ्लोर वोट नहीं दिया गया। टास्कफोर्स ऑफ़ यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट्स ऑन एबॉर्शन एंड सेक्सुअलिटी के अध्यक्ष, रेव पॉल टी. स्टाल्सवर्थ ने कहा कि उनके पास \"विश्वास करने का हर कारण\" था कि जीवन-समर्थक प्रतिनिधियों ने फ्लोर वोट जीता होगा।" }

{ "en": "Who is the president of TUMAS?", "hi": "TUMAS के अध्यक्ष कौन हैं?" }

{ "en": [ "Rev. Paul T. Stallsworth" ], "hi": [ "रेव पॉल टी. स्टाल्सवर्थ" ] }

{ "en": [ 507, 507, 507 ], "hi": [ 541 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Rick Santorum", "History of Unitarianism", "Spanish Civil War", "Catholicity", "La Luz del Mundo", "New York (state)", "California Lutheran University", "Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Gender role", "North Carolina", "History of Lithuania", "Last Generation Theology", "Capital punishment", "Freedom of religion in Africa by country", "1996 California Proposition 218", "Southern United States", "Education in the United States", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "Suez Crisis", "Slavery", "Montana", "Warren G. 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E. B. Du Bois", "Military history of Canada", "Chip Roy", "New Age", "Howard government", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "List of Sharpe series characters", "Ki Tissa", "Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson", "Joining of the Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe to the Moscow Patriarchate", "LGBT rights in Jamaica", "National Collegiate Athletic Association", "Huldrych Zwingli", "Jeanine Áñez", "International Criminal Court", "Christian mission", "History of the Church of the Nazarene", "Gay men", "West Germany", "United Kingdom insolvency law", "Sardinian language", "History of Paris", "Culture and menstruation", "Houston", "Nawaz Sharif", "Conservative Party (UK)", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Elhanan Winchester", "History of the United States Constitution", "Dorothy Day", "2013–2014 Thai political crisis", "Henry Kissinger", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Black Lives Matter", "History of the Kuomintang", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "New Jersey", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Christianity in India", "Islamic banking and finance", "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand", "Bermuda" ]

{ "en": "Historically, the Methodist Church has supported the temperance movement. John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money,\" and in his letter to an alcoholic. At one time, Methodist ministers had to take a pledge not to drink and encouraged their congregations to do the same. Today the United Methodist Church states that it \"affirms our long-standing support of abstinence from alcohol as a faithful witness to God's liberating and redeeming love for persons.\" In fact, the United Methodist Church uses unfermented grape juice in the sacrament of Holy Communion, thus \"expressing pastoral concern for recovering alcoholics, enabling the participation of children and youth, and supporting the church's witness of abstinence.\" Moreover, in 2011 and 2012, The United Methodist Church's General Board of Church and Society called on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent.", "hi": "ऐतिहासिक रूप से, मेथोडिस्ट चर्च ने आत्मसंयम आंदोलन का समर्थन किया। जॉन वेस्ले ने अपने प्रसिद्ध धर्मोपदेश, \"द यूज ऑफ मनी\" में पीने के खतरों के खिलाफ और एक शराबी को लिखे अपने पत्र में चेतावनी दी। एक समय में, मेथोडिस्ट मंत्रियों को शराब न पीने और अपनी मंडली को भी ऐसा करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करने का संकल्प लेना पड़ा। आज यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च का कहना है कि वह \"क्योंकि यह ईश्वर के स्वतंत्र करने और लोगों के लिए प्यार को कम करने का एक वफादार गवाह के रूप में शराब से परहेज के हमारे लंबे समय तक समर्थन की पुष्टि करता है।\" वास्तव में, यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च पवित्र कम्युनियन संस्कार में अकिण्वित अंगूर के रस का उपयोग करता है, इस प्रकार \"पुनः स्वस्थ हो रहे शराबियों को के लिए पादरी की चिंता को व्यक्त करना, बच्चों और युवाओं की भागीदारी को सक्षम करना, और आत्मसंयम में चर्च की गवाही का समर्थन करना।\" इसके अलावा, 2011 और 2012 में, द यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के जनरल बोर्ड और सोसाइटी ने सभी यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट को उपवास के लिए शराब से दूर करने का आह्वान किया।" }

{ "en": "Historically, which movement has the Methodist Church supported?", "hi": "ऐतिहासिक रूप से, मैथोडिस्ट चर्च ने किस आंदोलन का समर्थन किया है?" }

{ "en": [ "temperance movement" ], "hi": [ "आत्मसंयम आंदोलन" ] }

{ "en": [ 53, 53, 49 ], "hi": [ 35 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. Branham", "European Union law", "Book of Common Prayer", "Quakers", "Mar Thoma Syrian Church", "History of Western civilization", "United Kingdom labour law", "History of the United States", "American Civil Liberties Union", "Evangelicalism in the United States", "Political positions of Ron Paul", "Women in the Catholic Church", "United States labor law", "East–West Schism", "Native Americans in the United States", "Christianity in the United States", "Apostasy in Christianity", "English Reformation", "Christianity and abortion", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of France", "Holy orders", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Desmond Tutu", "United Russia", "LGBT clergy in Christianity", "History of Mexican Americans", "Slavery in the United States", "History of Austria", "History of Poles in the United States", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Political positions of John McCain", "Religion in China", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Sola fide", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "Catholic theology", "Pope Benedict XVI", "Confederate States of America", "Anglican Church in North America", "History of Christianity", "Roe v. 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{ "en": "Historically, the Methodist Church has supported the temperance movement. John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money,\" and in his letter to an alcoholic. At one time, Methodist ministers had to take a pledge not to drink and encouraged their congregations to do the same. Today the United Methodist Church states that it \"affirms our long-standing support of abstinence from alcohol as a faithful witness to God's liberating and redeeming love for persons.\" In fact, the United Methodist Church uses unfermented grape juice in the sacrament of Holy Communion, thus \"expressing pastoral concern for recovering alcoholics, enabling the participation of children and youth, and supporting the church's witness of abstinence.\" Moreover, in 2011 and 2012, The United Methodist Church's General Board of Church and Society called on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent.", "hi": "ऐतिहासिक रूप से, मेथोडिस्ट चर्च ने आत्मसंयम आंदोलन का समर्थन किया। जॉन वेस्ले ने अपने प्रसिद्ध धर्मोपदेश, \"द यूज ऑफ मनी\" में पीने के खतरों के खिलाफ और एक शराबी को लिखे अपने पत्र में चेतावनी दी। एक समय में, मेथोडिस्ट मंत्रियों को शराब न पीने और अपनी मंडली को भी ऐसा करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करने का संकल्प लेना पड़ा। आज यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च का कहना है कि वह \"क्योंकि यह ईश्वर के स्वतंत्र करने और लोगों के लिए प्यार को कम करने का एक वफादार गवाह के रूप में शराब से परहेज के हमारे लंबे समय तक समर्थन की पुष्टि करता है।\" वास्तव में, यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च पवित्र कम्युनियन संस्कार में अकिण्वित अंगूर के रस का उपयोग करता है, इस प्रकार \"पुनः स्वस्थ हो रहे शराबियों को के लिए पादरी की चिंता को व्यक्त करना, बच्चों और युवाओं की भागीदारी को सक्षम करना, और आत्मसंयम में चर्च की गवाही का समर्थन करना।\" इसके अलावा, 2011 और 2012 में, द यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के जनरल बोर्ड और सोसाइटी ने सभी यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट को उपवास के लिए शराब से दूर करने का आह्वान किया।" }

{ "en": "When did the UMC's General Board of Church and Society call on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent?", "hi": "UMC के जनरल बोर्ड ऑफ़ चर्च एंड सोसाइटी ने सभी यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट को उपवास के लिए शराब से दूर करने के लिए कब कहा था?" }

{ "en": [ "2011 and 2012" ], "hi": [ "2011 और 2012" ] }

{ "en": [ 784, 781, 784 ], "hi": [ 805 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. Branham", "European Union law", "Book of Common Prayer", "Quakers", "Mar Thoma Syrian Church", "History of Western civilization", "United Kingdom labour law", "History of the United States", "American Civil Liberties Union", "Evangelicalism in the United States", "Political positions of Ron Paul", "Women in the Catholic Church", "United States labor law", "East–West Schism", "Native Americans in the United States", "Christianity in the United States", "Apostasy in Christianity", "English Reformation", "Christianity and abortion", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of France", "Holy orders", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Desmond Tutu", "United Russia", "LGBT clergy in Christianity", "History of Mexican Americans", "Slavery in the United States", "History of Austria", "History of Poles in the United States", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Political positions of John McCain", "Religion in China", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Sola fide", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "Catholic theology", "Pope Benedict XVI", "Confederate States of America", "Anglican Church in North America", "History of Christianity", "Roe v. Wade", "Theology of Pope Francis", "Presbyterian Church in America", "H. H. Asquith", "Erasmus", "Slavic Native Faith", "Philippine Independent Church", "Ethnomusicology", "Christian ethics", "African Methodist Episcopal Church", "Texas", "Homosexuality and religion", "Religious symbolism in the United States military", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Seventh-day Adventist Church", "Churches of Christ", "African-American history", "African Americans", "History of Detroit", "Beliefs and practices of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "History of Speyer", "Restoration Movement", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Tartan", "The Salvation Army", "Martin Luther King Jr.", "First Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Political positions of Susan Collins", "History of Guatemala", "Freedom of religion in Asia by country", "Ralph Northam", "Separation of church and state", "Criticism of Christianity", "Women's rights", "Religion and sexuality", "Christian views on slavery", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign", "Christian perfection", "Puerto Rico", "Miscegenation", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of the Episcopal Church (United States)", "Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization", "History of the Catholic Church", "LGBT rights in Australia", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "LGBT movements in the United States", "Transgender rights in the United States", "Mennonites", "The Dresden Files characters", "Generation Z in the United States", "Women in Christianity", "Martin Luther", "Sharia", "Donald Trump", "American frontier", "Absolution", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "History of socialism", "George W. Bush", "Latin America", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "History of the Netherlands", "History of Christian theology", "Open Brethren", "Pope Paul VI", "Anglican Church of Canada", "Colonial history of the United States", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Foreign relations of India", "Filioque", "Freedom of religion in Russia", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion", "Republican Party (United States)", "South African criminal law", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "History of the United States government", "Reform Judaism", "Michael Heseltine", "Lumumba Government", "Apartheid", "French Resistance", "History of the nude in art", "History of United States prison systems", "Political positions of Joe Biden", "Unification Church", "Maximilien Robespierre", "History of Scotland", "Church of the Brethren", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Calvinism", "Human rights in the United States", "Abortion in the United States", "Contract", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Christian right", "Economic history of the United States", "New Mexico", "German resistance to Nazism", "Enoch Powell", "Trumpism", "Italian Americans", "Congregationalism in the United States", "Anti-Catholicism", "Pope", "Religious views on same-sex marriage", "Robert Lusk", "Progressive Era", "Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Augustine of Hippo", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Supreme Court of the United States", "South African Border War", "Racism in the United States", "History of education in the United States", "Hoodoo (spirituality)", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "History of Poland", "Socialism", "Racial views of Donald Trump", "The Spirit of the Age", "Scientology", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Domestic violence", "Jesuits", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Christianity and Judaism", "Freedom of religion in Vietnam", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Deacon", "Puritans", "New Deal", "Trump administration family separation policy", "Arab citizens of Israel", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women in government", "Confessing Movement", "Political positions of Donald Trump", "Jehovah's Witnesses", "Latin Church", "History of the Southern United States", "Christian views on alcohol", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter", "Presidency of Barack Obama", "Nazism", "Fidel Castro", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "John F. Kennedy", "Ion Antonescu", "Hillary Clinton", "Evangelical Methodist Church", "China–United States relations", "Catholic Church in England and Wales", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Reinhard Marx", "Conscience", "1562 Riots of Toulouse", "Presbyterianism", "New Testament", "Vladimir Putin", "Black church", "Community of Christ", "Light in painting", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections", "Lyndon B. Johnson", "Sierra Leone", "Bill Clinton", "Social policy of Donald Trump", "Mircea Eliade", "Boris Johnson", "Defamation", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Mitt Romney", "First Great Awakening", "Barack Obama", "History of the Church of England", "United Church of Canada", "Cold War", "Overview of gun laws by nation", "Iloilo City", "Lutheran Church of Australia", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Palestine", "Leon Trotsky", "Political positions of Elizabeth Warren", "Human rights in the United Kingdom", "Human rights in Israel", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Mainline Protestant", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987)", "Virginia", "Steele dossier", "Islamic terrorism", "Vilnius", "Christian denomination", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Observance of Christmas by country", "History of magic", "Constitution of the United States", "Soviet Union", "Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist", "Historikerstreit", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Portugal", "Women in the Bible", "List of Mad Men characters", "Salvation in Christianity", "Lesbian", "Roman Curia", "Fake news", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "David Lloyd George", "Relationship between religion and science", "Wahhabism", "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud", "Robert Byrd", "Conservative Judaism", "Robert F. Kennedy", "Student Volunteer Movement", "Hamas", "Religion in Nazi Germany", "Irish Americans", "Glenn Youngkin", "Recognition of same-sex unions in India", "Hispanic and Latino Americans", "Confirmation", "Clergy", "Ordination of women in Methodism", "Governorship of Glenn Youngkin", "Incarceration in the United States", "Mormonism and Nicene Christianity", "Reformation in the Kingdom of Hungary", "Thomas Jefferson", "Catholic Church in the United States", "Age of Enlightenment", "Bible", "Amoris laetitia", "Well-being contributing factors", "Fasting in religion", "Canadian Indian residential school system", "Orthodox Judaism", "Ulysses S. Grant", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Purgatory", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Reactions of the Eastern Orthodox churches to the 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism", "Jesse Helms", "Christianity in the 19th century", "List of The Shield characters", "Restorationism", "Rejection of evolution by religious groups", "Rudy Giuliani", "History of United States foreign policy", "South African contract law", "Iran–United States relations", "Joseph Stalin", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "LGBT rights in the Philippines", "History of Protestantism in the United States", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "History of Indiana", "University of Pennsylvania", "History of Virginia", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters", "List of Fables characters", "Benjamin Netanyahu", "List of Christian denominations", "Nancy Pelosi", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Homosexuality and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Clarence Thomas", "Freedom of religion", "History of slavery", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Reformed Episcopal Church", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Tunisia", "Greece", "Nelson Mandela", "Judaism", "Jesus", "Charles George Gordon", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Unitarian Universalism", "History of Israel", "Ku Klux Klan", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Black Catholicism", "Affirmative action in the United States", "LGBT rights in Canada", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Judaism and Mormonism", "Book of Common Prayer (1549)", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "World War II by country", "Raymond Leo Burke", "Networked advocacy", "Jomo Kenyatta", "Uyghur genocide", "Xi Jinping", "History of the Philippines", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Racial segregation of churches in the United States", "History of Nigeria", "Religion in the United Kingdom", "Reproductive rights", "Violence against women", "Italy", "Ten Commandments in Catholic theology", "Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)", "Democratic Party (United States)", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Detribalization", "History of the Jews in Poland", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "American Revolution", "Jimmy Carter", "LGBT rights in Mexico", "Jury", "Religion of Black Americans", "Lithuania", "List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise", "Abraham Lincoln", "John Adams", "Anglo-Saxons", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran", "George McGovern", "Camden, New Jersey", "New Orleans", "Oath of office", "Thomas Aquinas", "Jim Jones", "History of the Catholic Church in the United States", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Mary, mother of Jesus", "Fundamentalist–modernist controversy", "Julius Nyerere", "LGBT history", "Characters of Casualty", "Marcus Garvey", "Douglas MacArthur", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Women in science", "Capital punishment in the United States", "Tim Kaine", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "George Washington", "Israel–United States relations", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Paris in the 18th century", "Homelessness in the United States by state", "Reproductive justice", "Islam in the United States", "Cesar Chavez", "LGBT people and Islam", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Affordable Care Act", "European Union", "Zhou Enlai", "Unite the Right rally", "Nazi racial theories", "Jewish feminism", "Moldova", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Authoritarian socialism", "Falun Gong", "Excommunication", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis", "Kashmir conflict", "History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "LGBT rights in India", "Imperial examination", "Benazir Bhutto", "Human rights in China", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Boy Scouts of America membership controversies", "Lent", "Article One of the United States Constitution", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "Archibald Cox", "Rastafari", "Sexual harassment", "Christianity in the 20th century", "Abolitionism in the United States", "World Jewish Congress", "Police brutality by country", "Spanish Inquisition", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Literacy", "Special Relationship", "Saint Peter", "Church of Scotland", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Logology (science)", "Mississippi", "Jean Chrétien", "Women in music", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "BDSM", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Labor history of the United States", "Voting Rights Act of 1965", "Hawaii", "English land law", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Social media use by Donald Trump", "Pacifism", "Eucharist in the Catholic Church", "Unionism in Ireland", "Turkey–United States relations", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal", "Social media", "History of Transylvania", "Imperial Roman army", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Israel", "History of lesbianism in the United States", "Paul the Apostle", "Political positions of Jeb Bush", "American Civil War", "Officers' Association", "John McCain", "Vietnam War", "Women's suffrage", "James Dobson", "Culture of the United States", "Bernie Sanders", "Nicolae Iorga", "Christianity in China", "Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union", "George Pell", "Second Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Interracial marriage", "Dominican Republic", "Taiwan", "Homosexuality", "Jewish views on homosexuality", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Modern paganism", "Nazi Germany", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "Chicano", "Culture of England", "Church of the Holy Innocents, Rossmore", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Don't ask, don't tell", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Pre-Code Hollywood", "Education in China", "History of gay men in the United States", "Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform", "American Jews", "Iranian Revolution", "Fascism", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Blueberry (comics)", "Harry S. Truman", "Flint water crisis", "John Cotton (minister)", "History of social democracy", "History of Ghana", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Convention People's Party", "Hugo Chávez", "Free will", "Baptists", "William Howard Taft", "Philadelphia", "Common law", "Canada convoy protest", "Polygamy", "German Americans", "LGBT movements", "Political positions of Lisa Murkowski", "Billy Graham", "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Justification (theology)", "Marital rape", "Pierre Trudeau", "Women's liberation movement in Europe", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "Habib Bourguiba", "LGBT rights in Queensland", "Benjamin Franklin", "History of Lisbon", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia", "Erwin Rommel", "Abortion in the United Kingdom", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Jesse Jackson", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Colombian peace process", "Police corruption", "Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom", "History of American newspapers", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "American imperialism", "Saudi Arabia", "Dissolution of the monasteries", "Robert Mugabe", "German government response to the COVID-19 pandemic", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Iran–Iraq War", "Sex education in the United States", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Sweden", "Sabbath in Christianity", "Personal ordinariate", "History of the Catholic Church in France", "Robert McNamara", "List of book-burning incidents", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "France", "John Henry Newman", "History of Zakynthos", "Anti-BDS laws", "Yulia Tymoshenko", "Srebrenica massacre", "17 October Revolution", "French Third Republic", "East Germany", "Presidency of George Washington", "Jeff Sessions", "John McCain 2008 presidential campaign", "John Calvin", "Sexism", "Christianization", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "Ted Kennedy", "Thirty-nine Articles", "South African constitutional litigation", "Sex trafficking", "Baby boomers", "Clavier-Übung III", "Criticism of Amazon", "European debt crisis", "Free will in theology", "Marriage in the Catholic Church", "2014 Scottish independence referendum", "Mexican Revolution", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Sabbatarianism", "List of Garo characters", "Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign", "British Raj", "Vladimir Lenin", "England", "Moravian Church", "The New Church (Swedenborgian)", "Catholic Church and ecumenism", "Central Philippine University", "Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops", "Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte", "Middle Ages", "Pakistan", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics", "Arizona SB 1070", "Racism", "Divorce", "Hierarchy of the Catholic Church", "Conservatism", "History of the Quakers", "Indigenous Australians", "Winston Churchill", "Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis", "Vermont", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Chinese Filipino", "Joe Biden", "Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions", "Persecution of Muslims", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Hagia Sophia", "Taoism", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Political positions of Tulsi Gabbard", "Roy Moore", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "British National Party", "Mueller report", "Pornography", "Premiership of Boris Johnson", "Norway", "Blasphemy law", "Va'etchanan", "William Barr", "Shinzo Abe", "History of opera", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "French Directory", "Susan B. Anthony", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters", "James K. Polk", "Louisiana", "2008 California Proposition 8", "Governorship of Mitt Romney", "Northern Ireland", "Compulsory sterilization", "Twitter", "Alabama", "Church of the United Brethren in Christ", "Salafi movement", "Ken Livingstone", "Massachusetts", "Reading", "False or misleading statements by Donald Trump", "David Cameron", "History of the Puritans under King Charles I", "Religion and capital punishment", "List of NCIS characters", "Woodrow Wilson", "Catholic Church and slavery", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Rick Santorum", "History of Unitarianism", "Spanish Civil War", "Catholicity", "La Luz del Mundo", "New York (state)", "California Lutheran University", "Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Gender role", "North Carolina", "History of Lithuania", "Last Generation Theology", "Capital punishment", "Freedom of religion in Africa by country", "1996 California Proposition 218", "Southern United States", "Education in the United States", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "Suez Crisis", "Slavery", "Montana", "Warren G. Harding", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Cultural Revolution", "Scotland", "Facebook", "English trust law", "Ketuanan Melayu", "Biblical criticism", "Patriot Act", "Holy Week", "Napoleon III", "Alt-right", "Vichy France", "Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale", "History of Beijing", "QAnon", "Christian mysticism", "Affair of the Cards", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "Freedom of religion in Uzbekistan", "Russian Orthodox Church", "Flood v. Kuhn", "List of modern great powers", "West Virginia", "Alberto Gonzales", "List of Judge Dredd characters", "Human sexuality", "Mormonism and women", "Political positions of John Delaney", "Rescue of Jews by Catholics during the Holocaust", "Homelessness", "Christian monasticism", "Mexican–American War", "North Korea", "History of feminism", "Mike Pence", "Harold Wilson", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "14th Dalai Lama", "War of 1812", "Quebec", "Education in India", "Monarchy of Canada", "Political positions of Kamala Harris", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "Mexico", "Meaning of life", "Vaccine hesitancy", "Democracy", "Neoliberalism", "Iraq War", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Somalia", "Josemaría Escrivá", "Alexander Hamilton", "History of Cumbria", "Catholic Church and politics in the United States", "William Ewart Gladstone", "History of Shinto", "MeToo movement", "Criticism of Facebook", "Illegal immigration to the United States", "History of Eastern Orthodox theology", "Arminianism", "Trump–Ukraine scandal", "Revelation (short story)", "Gab (social network)", "Nostra aetate", "Church of Ireland", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "Estonia", "Josip Broz Tito", "History of Jamaica", "Che Guevara", "Socialist Party of America", "Philadelphia Eleven", "Amin al-Husseini", "Andrew Johnson", "Medical school", "Chetniks", "Charleston church shooting", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Kris Kobach", "Richard Nixon", "Sonia Sotomayor", "Revival of 1800", "Adolescence", "Wikipedia", "Psychology", "Palmarian Christian Church", "Value-form", "Feminism", "Scott Pruitt", "Freedom of speech by country", "Anglican Catholic Church", "Anglican doctrine", "Walmart", "Book of Mormon", "Racial achievement gap in the United States", "Bill Cosby sexual assault cases", "Child marriage", "Antonin Scalia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Separation of church and state in the United States", "Black Canadians", "Olusegun Obasanjo", "Glossary of French criminal law", "Paul von Hindenburg", "St. George's United Methodist Church (Philadelphia)", "George H. W. Bush", "Dreyfus affair", "Mary Magdalene", "Shofetim (parashah)", "John Tyler", "History of Zionism", "Citizens United v. FEC", "In vitro fertilisation", "United Kingdom enterprise law", "Edward Snowden", "Populism", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Dissent from Catholic teaching on homosexuality", "Systems of social stratification", "Clerical celibacy", "Russian Empire", "Eisteddfod", "Eastern esotericism", "Christianity in Australia", "Anti-communism", "Conscientious objector", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Thracian religion", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Women in Pakistan", "Nothing Records", "Patrick Henry", "Talcott Parsons", "Aimee Semple McPherson", "Havana", "California", "Cousin marriage", "Antisemitism in Islam", "Religion and LGBT people", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Types of socialism", "Tucker Carlson", "History of Hungary", "Temperance movement", "Epiphany (holiday)", "Roman Empire", "Druze", "Television in the United States", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Far-right politics", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "List of Shameless (British TV series) characters", "John Kasich", "Mao Zedong", "History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1800–1899", "Ethiopia", "History of the Puritans in North America", "History of Belgium", "Religion in ancient Rome", "2009 ELCA Churchwide Assembly", "Women in Judaism", "Industrial Revolution", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Military history of Canada", "Chip Roy", "New Age", "Howard government", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "List of Sharpe series characters", "Ki Tissa", "Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson", "Joining of the Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe to the Moscow Patriarchate", "LGBT rights in Jamaica", "National Collegiate Athletic Association", "Huldrych Zwingli", "Jeanine Áñez", "International Criminal Court", "Christian mission", "History of the Church of the Nazarene", "Gay men", "West Germany", "United Kingdom insolvency law", "Sardinian language", "History of Paris", "Culture and menstruation", "Houston", "Nawaz Sharif", "Conservative Party (UK)", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Elhanan Winchester", "History of the United States Constitution", "Dorothy Day", "2013–2014 Thai political crisis", "Henry Kissinger", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Black Lives Matter", "History of the Kuomintang", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "New Jersey", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Christianity in India", "Islamic banking and finance", "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand", "Bermuda" ]

{ "en": "Historically, the Methodist Church has supported the temperance movement. John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money,\" and in his letter to an alcoholic. At one time, Methodist ministers had to take a pledge not to drink and encouraged their congregations to do the same. Today the United Methodist Church states that it \"affirms our long-standing support of abstinence from alcohol as a faithful witness to God's liberating and redeeming love for persons.\" In fact, the United Methodist Church uses unfermented grape juice in the sacrament of Holy Communion, thus \"expressing pastoral concern for recovering alcoholics, enabling the participation of children and youth, and supporting the church's witness of abstinence.\" Moreover, in 2011 and 2012, The United Methodist Church's General Board of Church and Society called on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent.", "hi": "ऐतिहासिक रूप से, मेथोडिस्ट चर्च ने आत्मसंयम आंदोलन का समर्थन किया। जॉन वेस्ले ने अपने प्रसिद्ध धर्मोपदेश, \"द यूज ऑफ मनी\" में पीने के खतरों के खिलाफ और एक शराबी को लिखे अपने पत्र में चेतावनी दी। एक समय में, मेथोडिस्ट मंत्रियों को शराब न पीने और अपनी मंडली को भी ऐसा करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करने का संकल्प लेना पड़ा। आज यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च का कहना है कि वह \"क्योंकि यह ईश्वर के स्वतंत्र करने और लोगों के लिए प्यार को कम करने का एक वफादार गवाह के रूप में शराब से परहेज के हमारे लंबे समय तक समर्थन की पुष्टि करता है।\" वास्तव में, यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च पवित्र कम्युनियन संस्कार में अकिण्वित अंगूर के रस का उपयोग करता है, इस प्रकार \"पुनः स्वस्थ हो रहे शराबियों को के लिए पादरी की चिंता को व्यक्त करना, बच्चों और युवाओं की भागीदारी को सक्षम करना, और आत्मसंयम में चर्च की गवाही का समर्थन करना।\" इसके अलावा, 2011 और 2012 में, द यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के जनरल बोर्ड और सोसाइटी ने सभी यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट को उपवास के लिए शराब से दूर करने का आह्वान किया।" }

{ "en": "What was the name of Wesley's famous sermon in which he warned against the dangers of drinking?", "hi": "वेस्ले के प्रसिद्ध उपदेश का नाम क्या था जिसमें उन्होंने पीने के खतरों के खिलाफ चेतावनी दी थी?" }

{ "en": [ "The Use of Money" ], "hi": [ "द यूज ऑफ मनी" ] }

{ "en": [ 148, 148, 147 ], "hi": [ 107 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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{ "en": "Historically, the Methodist Church has supported the temperance movement. John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money,\" and in his letter to an alcoholic. At one time, Methodist ministers had to take a pledge not to drink and encouraged their congregations to do the same. Today the United Methodist Church states that it \"affirms our long-standing support of abstinence from alcohol as a faithful witness to God's liberating and redeeming love for persons.\" In fact, the United Methodist Church uses unfermented grape juice in the sacrament of Holy Communion, thus \"expressing pastoral concern for recovering alcoholics, enabling the participation of children and youth, and supporting the church's witness of abstinence.\" Moreover, in 2011 and 2012, The United Methodist Church's General Board of Church and Society called on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent.", "hi": "ऐतिहासिक रूप से, मेथोडिस्ट चर्च ने आत्मसंयम आंदोलन का समर्थन किया। जॉन वेस्ले ने अपने प्रसिद्ध धर्मोपदेश, \"द यूज ऑफ मनी\" में पीने के खतरों के खिलाफ और एक शराबी को लिखे अपने पत्र में चेतावनी दी। एक समय में, मेथोडिस्ट मंत्रियों को शराब न पीने और अपनी मंडली को भी ऐसा करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करने का संकल्प लेना पड़ा। आज यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च का कहना है कि वह \"क्योंकि यह ईश्वर के स्वतंत्र करने और लोगों के लिए प्यार को कम करने का एक वफादार गवाह के रूप में शराब से परहेज के हमारे लंबे समय तक समर्थन की पुष्टि करता है।\" वास्तव में, यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च पवित्र कम्युनियन संस्कार में अकिण्वित अंगूर के रस का उपयोग करता है, इस प्रकार \"पुनः स्वस्थ हो रहे शराबियों को के लिए पादरी की चिंता को व्यक्त करना, बच्चों और युवाओं की भागीदारी को सक्षम करना, और आत्मसंयम में चर्च की गवाही का समर्थन करना।\" इसके अलावा, 2011 और 2012 में, द यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के जनरल बोर्ड और सोसाइटी ने सभी यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट को उपवास के लिए शराब से दूर करने का आह्वान किया।" }

{ "en": "What does the United Methodist Church use in the sacrament of the Holy Communion?", "hi": "युनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च पवित्र समुदाय के संस्कार में क्या उपयोग करता है?" }

{ "en": [ "unfermented grape juice" ], "hi": [ "अकिण्वित अंगूर के रस" ] }

{ "en": [ 548, 543, 548 ], "hi": [ 583 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. 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{ "en": "The United Methodist Church opposes conscription as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture. Therefore, the Church supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscientiously oppose all war, or any particular war, and who therefore refuse to serve in the armed forces or to cooperate with systems of military conscription. However, the United Methodist Church also supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscientiously choose to serve in the armed forces or to accept alternative service. The church also states that \"as Christians they are aware that neither the way of military action, nor the way of inaction is always righteous before God.\"", "hi": "यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च ने अनिवार्य सैनिक सेवा का विरोध शास्त्र की पढाई के साथ परस्पर-विरोधी के रूप में किया है। इसलिए, चर्च उन व्यक्तियों का समर्थन करता है और अपने मंत्रालय को विस्तारित करता है, जो समस्त युद्ध, या किसी विशेष युद्ध का विरोध करते हैं, और जो इस कारण सशस्त्र बलों में सेवा करने या सैन्य संरक्षण की प्रणालियों के साथ सहयोग करने से इनकार करते हैं। हालाँकि, यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च उन व्यक्तियों का भी समर्थन करता है और अपने मंत्रालय को उन तक पहुँचाता है, जो सशस्त्र बलों में सेवा करने या वैकल्पिक सेवा को स्वीकार करने का चुनाव करते हैं। चर्च यह भी कहता है कि \"ईसाई के रूप में वे जानते हैं कि न तो सैन्य कार्रवाई का तरीका, और न ही निष्क्रियता का तरीका हमेशा ईश्वर के लिए न्यायसंगत है।\"" }

{ "en": "What does the UMC oppose as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture?", "hi": "UMC शास्त्र की पढाई के साथ परस्पर-विरोधी के रूप में किसका विरोध करता है?" }

{ "en": [ "conscription" ], "hi": [ "अनिवार्य सैनिक सेवा" ] }

{ "en": [ 36, 36, 36 ], "hi": [ 27 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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{ "en": "The United Methodist Church opposes conscription as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture. Therefore, the Church supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscientiously oppose all war, or any particular war, and who therefore refuse to serve in the armed forces or to cooperate with systems of military conscription. However, the United Methodist Church also supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscientiously choose to serve in the armed forces or to accept alternative service. The church also states that \"as Christians they are aware that neither the way of military action, nor the way of inaction is always righteous before God.\"", "hi": "यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च ने अनिवार्य सैनिक सेवा का विरोध शास्त्र की पढाई के साथ परस्पर-विरोधी के रूप में किया है। इसलिए, चर्च उन व्यक्तियों का समर्थन करता है और अपने मंत्रालय को विस्तारित करता है, जो समस्त युद्ध, या किसी विशेष युद्ध का विरोध करते हैं, और जो इस कारण सशस्त्र बलों में सेवा करने या सैन्य संरक्षण की प्रणालियों के साथ सहयोग करने से इनकार करते हैं। हालाँकि, यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च उन व्यक्तियों का भी समर्थन करता है और अपने मंत्रालय को उन तक पहुँचाता है, जो सशस्त्र बलों में सेवा करने या वैकल्पिक सेवा को स्वीकार करने का चुनाव करते हैं। चर्च यह भी कहता है कि \"ईसाई के रूप में वे जानते हैं कि न तो सैन्य कार्रवाई का तरीका, और न ही निष्क्रियता का तरीका हमेशा ईश्वर के लिए न्यायसंगत है।\"" }

{ "en": "The church states that, as Christians, they are aware that neither the way of what is righteous before God?\"", "hi": "चर्च के अनुसार, कौन से रास्ता ईसाई के रूप में ईश्वर के सामने न्यायसंगत है? \"" }

{ "en": [ "the way of military action" ], "hi": [ "सैन्य कार्रवाई का तरीका" ] }

{ "en": [ 592, 162, 603 ], "hi": [ 609 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. Branham", "European Union law", "Book of Common Prayer", "Quakers", "Mar Thoma Syrian Church", "History of Western civilization", "United Kingdom labour law", "History of the United States", "American Civil Liberties Union", "Evangelicalism in the United States", "Political positions of Ron Paul", "Women in the Catholic Church", "United States labor law", "East–West Schism", "Native Americans in the United States", "Christianity in the United States", "Apostasy in Christianity", "English Reformation", "Christianity and abortion", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of France", "Holy orders", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Desmond Tutu", "United Russia", "LGBT clergy in Christianity", "History of Mexican Americans", "Slavery in the United States", "History of Austria", "History of Poles in the United States", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Political positions of John McCain", "Religion in China", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Sola fide", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "Catholic theology", "Pope Benedict XVI", "Confederate States of America", "Anglican Church in North America", "History of Christianity", "Roe v. Wade", "Theology of Pope Francis", "Presbyterian Church in America", "H. H. Asquith", "Erasmus", "Slavic Native Faith", "Philippine Independent Church", "Ethnomusicology", "Christian ethics", "African Methodist Episcopal Church", "Texas", "Homosexuality and religion", "Religious symbolism in the United States military", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Seventh-day Adventist Church", "Churches of Christ", "African-American history", "African Americans", "History of Detroit", "Beliefs and practices of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "History of Speyer", "Restoration Movement", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Tartan", "The Salvation Army", "Martin Luther King Jr.", "First Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Political positions of Susan Collins", "History of Guatemala", "Freedom of religion in Asia by country", "Ralph Northam", "Separation of church and state", "Criticism of Christianity", "Women's rights", "Religion and sexuality", "Christian views on slavery", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign", "Christian perfection", "Puerto Rico", "Miscegenation", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of the Episcopal Church (United States)", "Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization", "History of the Catholic Church", "LGBT rights in Australia", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "LGBT movements in the United States", "Transgender rights in the United States", "Mennonites", "The Dresden Files characters", "Generation Z in the United States", "Women in Christianity", "Martin Luther", "Sharia", "Donald Trump", "American frontier", "Absolution", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "History of socialism", "George W. Bush", "Latin America", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "History of the Netherlands", "History of Christian theology", "Open Brethren", "Pope Paul VI", "Anglican Church of Canada", "Colonial history of the United States", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Foreign relations of India", "Filioque", "Freedom of religion in Russia", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion", "Republican Party (United States)", "South African criminal law", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "History of the United States government", "Reform Judaism", "Michael Heseltine", "Lumumba Government", "Apartheid", "French Resistance", "History of the nude in art", "History of United States prison systems", "Political positions of Joe Biden", "Unification Church", "Maximilien Robespierre", "History of Scotland", "Church of the Brethren", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Calvinism", "Human rights in the United States", "Abortion in the United States", "Contract", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Christian right", "Economic history of the United States", "New Mexico", "German resistance to Nazism", "Enoch Powell", "Trumpism", "Italian Americans", "Congregationalism in the United States", "Anti-Catholicism", "Pope", "Religious views on same-sex marriage", "Robert Lusk", "Progressive Era", "Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Augustine of Hippo", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Supreme Court of the United States", "South African Border War", "Racism in the United States", "History of education in the United States", "Hoodoo (spirituality)", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "History of Poland", "Socialism", "Racial views of Donald Trump", "The Spirit of the Age", "Scientology", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Domestic violence", "Jesuits", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Christianity and Judaism", "Freedom of religion in Vietnam", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Deacon", "Puritans", "New Deal", "Trump administration family separation policy", "Arab citizens of Israel", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women in government", "Confessing Movement", "Political positions of Donald Trump", "Jehovah's Witnesses", "Latin Church", "History of the Southern United States", "Christian views on alcohol", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter", "Presidency of Barack Obama", "Nazism", "Fidel Castro", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "John F. Kennedy", "Ion Antonescu", "Hillary Clinton", "Evangelical Methodist Church", "China–United States relations", "Catholic Church in England and Wales", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Reinhard Marx", "Conscience", "1562 Riots of Toulouse", "Presbyterianism", "New Testament", "Vladimir Putin", "Black church", "Community of Christ", "Light in painting", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections", "Lyndon B. Johnson", "Sierra Leone", "Bill Clinton", "Social policy of Donald Trump", "Mircea Eliade", "Boris Johnson", "Defamation", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Mitt Romney", "First Great Awakening", "Barack Obama", "History of the Church of England", "United Church of Canada", "Cold War", "Overview of gun laws by nation", "Iloilo City", "Lutheran Church of Australia", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Palestine", "Leon Trotsky", "Political positions of Elizabeth Warren", "Human rights in the United Kingdom", "Human rights in Israel", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Mainline Protestant", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987)", "Virginia", "Steele dossier", "Islamic terrorism", "Vilnius", "Christian denomination", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Observance of Christmas by country", "History of magic", "Constitution of the United States", "Soviet Union", "Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist", "Historikerstreit", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Portugal", "Women in the Bible", "List of Mad Men characters", "Salvation in Christianity", "Lesbian", "Roman Curia", "Fake news", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "David Lloyd George", "Relationship between religion and science", "Wahhabism", "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud", "Robert Byrd", "Conservative Judaism", "Robert F. Kennedy", "Student Volunteer Movement", "Hamas", "Religion in Nazi Germany", "Irish Americans", "Glenn Youngkin", "Recognition of same-sex unions in India", "Hispanic and Latino Americans", "Confirmation", "Clergy", "Ordination of women in Methodism", "Governorship of Glenn Youngkin", "Incarceration in the United States", "Mormonism and Nicene Christianity", "Reformation in the Kingdom of Hungary", "Thomas Jefferson", "Catholic Church in the United States", "Age of Enlightenment", "Bible", "Amoris laetitia", "Well-being contributing factors", "Fasting in religion", "Canadian Indian residential school system", "Orthodox Judaism", "Ulysses S. Grant", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Purgatory", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Reactions of the Eastern Orthodox churches to the 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism", "Jesse Helms", "Christianity in the 19th century", "List of The Shield characters", "Restorationism", "Rejection of evolution by religious groups", "Rudy Giuliani", "History of United States foreign policy", "South African contract law", "Iran–United States relations", "Joseph Stalin", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "LGBT rights in the Philippines", "History of Protestantism in the United States", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "History of Indiana", "University of Pennsylvania", "History of Virginia", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters", "List of Fables characters", "Benjamin Netanyahu", "List of Christian denominations", "Nancy Pelosi", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Homosexuality and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Clarence Thomas", "Freedom of religion", "History of slavery", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Reformed Episcopal Church", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Tunisia", "Greece", "Nelson Mandela", "Judaism", "Jesus", "Charles George Gordon", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Unitarian Universalism", "History of Israel", "Ku Klux Klan", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Black Catholicism", "Affirmative action in the United States", "LGBT rights in Canada", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Judaism and Mormonism", "Book of Common Prayer (1549)", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "World War II by country", "Raymond Leo Burke", "Networked advocacy", "Jomo Kenyatta", "Uyghur genocide", "Xi Jinping", "History of the Philippines", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Racial segregation of churches in the United States", "History of Nigeria", "Religion in the United Kingdom", "Reproductive rights", "Violence against women", "Italy", "Ten Commandments in Catholic theology", "Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)", "Democratic Party (United States)", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Detribalization", "History of the Jews in Poland", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "American Revolution", "Jimmy Carter", "LGBT rights in Mexico", "Jury", "Religion of Black Americans", "Lithuania", "List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise", "Abraham Lincoln", "John Adams", "Anglo-Saxons", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran", "George McGovern", "Camden, New Jersey", "New Orleans", "Oath of office", "Thomas Aquinas", "Jim Jones", "History of the Catholic Church in the United States", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Mary, mother of Jesus", "Fundamentalist–modernist controversy", "Julius Nyerere", "LGBT history", "Characters of Casualty", "Marcus Garvey", "Douglas MacArthur", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Women in science", "Capital punishment in the United States", "Tim Kaine", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "George Washington", "Israel–United States relations", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Paris in the 18th century", "Homelessness in the United States by state", "Reproductive justice", "Islam in the United States", "Cesar Chavez", "LGBT people and Islam", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Affordable Care Act", "European Union", "Zhou Enlai", "Unite the Right rally", "Nazi racial theories", "Jewish feminism", "Moldova", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Authoritarian socialism", "Falun Gong", "Excommunication", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis", "Kashmir conflict", "History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "LGBT rights in India", "Imperial examination", "Benazir Bhutto", "Human rights in China", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Boy Scouts of America membership controversies", "Lent", "Article One of the United States Constitution", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "Archibald Cox", "Rastafari", "Sexual harassment", "Christianity in the 20th century", "Abolitionism in the United States", "World Jewish Congress", "Police brutality by country", "Spanish Inquisition", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Literacy", "Special Relationship", "Saint Peter", "Church of Scotland", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Logology (science)", "Mississippi", "Jean Chrétien", "Women in music", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "BDSM", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Labor history of the United States", "Voting Rights Act of 1965", "Hawaii", "English land law", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Social media use by Donald Trump", "Pacifism", "Eucharist in the Catholic Church", "Unionism in Ireland", "Turkey–United States relations", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal", "Social media", "History of Transylvania", "Imperial Roman army", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Israel", "History of lesbianism in the United States", "Paul the Apostle", "Political positions of Jeb Bush", "American Civil War", "Officers' Association", "John McCain", "Vietnam War", "Women's suffrage", "James Dobson", "Culture of the United States", "Bernie Sanders", "Nicolae Iorga", "Christianity in China", "Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union", "George Pell", "Second Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Interracial marriage", "Dominican Republic", "Taiwan", "Homosexuality", "Jewish views on homosexuality", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Modern paganism", "Nazi Germany", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "Chicano", "Culture of England", "Church of the Holy Innocents, Rossmore", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Don't ask, don't tell", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Pre-Code Hollywood", "Education in China", "History of gay men in the United States", "Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform", "American Jews", "Iranian Revolution", "Fascism", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Blueberry (comics)", "Harry S. Truman", "Flint water crisis", "John Cotton (minister)", "History of social democracy", "History of Ghana", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Convention People's Party", "Hugo Chávez", "Free will", "Baptists", "William Howard Taft", "Philadelphia", "Common law", "Canada convoy protest", "Polygamy", "German Americans", "LGBT movements", "Political positions of Lisa Murkowski", "Billy Graham", "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Justification (theology)", "Marital rape", "Pierre Trudeau", "Women's liberation movement in Europe", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "Habib Bourguiba", "LGBT rights in Queensland", "Benjamin Franklin", "History of Lisbon", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia", "Erwin Rommel", "Abortion in the United Kingdom", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Jesse Jackson", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Colombian peace process", "Police corruption", "Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom", "History of American newspapers", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "American imperialism", "Saudi Arabia", "Dissolution of the monasteries", "Robert Mugabe", "German government response to the COVID-19 pandemic", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Iran–Iraq War", "Sex education in the United States", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Sweden", "Sabbath in Christianity", "Personal ordinariate", "History of the Catholic Church in France", "Robert McNamara", "List of book-burning incidents", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "France", "John Henry Newman", "History of Zakynthos", "Anti-BDS laws", "Yulia Tymoshenko", "Srebrenica massacre", "17 October Revolution", "French Third Republic", "East Germany", "Presidency of George Washington", "Jeff Sessions", "John McCain 2008 presidential campaign", "John Calvin", "Sexism", "Christianization", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "Ted Kennedy", "Thirty-nine Articles", "South African constitutional litigation", "Sex trafficking", "Baby boomers", "Clavier-Übung III", "Criticism of Amazon", "European debt crisis", "Free will in theology", "Marriage in the Catholic Church", "2014 Scottish independence referendum", "Mexican Revolution", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Sabbatarianism", "List of Garo characters", "Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign", "British Raj", "Vladimir Lenin", "England", "Moravian Church", "The New Church (Swedenborgian)", "Catholic Church and ecumenism", "Central Philippine University", "Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops", "Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte", "Middle Ages", "Pakistan", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics", "Arizona SB 1070", "Racism", "Divorce", "Hierarchy of the Catholic Church", "Conservatism", "History of the Quakers", "Indigenous Australians", "Winston Churchill", "Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis", "Vermont", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Chinese Filipino", "Joe Biden", "Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions", "Persecution of Muslims", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Hagia Sophia", "Taoism", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Political positions of Tulsi Gabbard", "Roy Moore", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "British National Party", "Mueller report", "Pornography", "Premiership of Boris Johnson", "Norway", "Blasphemy law", "Va'etchanan", "William Barr", "Shinzo Abe", "History of opera", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "French Directory", "Susan B. Anthony", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters", "James K. Polk", "Louisiana", "2008 California Proposition 8", "Governorship of Mitt Romney", "Northern Ireland", "Compulsory sterilization", "Twitter", "Alabama", "Church of the United Brethren in Christ", "Salafi movement", "Ken Livingstone", "Massachusetts", "Reading", "False or misleading statements by Donald Trump", "David Cameron", "History of the Puritans under King Charles I", "Religion and capital punishment", "List of NCIS characters", "Woodrow Wilson", "Catholic Church and slavery", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Rick Santorum", "History of Unitarianism", "Spanish Civil War", "Catholicity", "La Luz del Mundo", "New York (state)", "California Lutheran University", "Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Gender role", "North Carolina", "History of Lithuania", "Last Generation Theology", "Capital punishment", "Freedom of religion in Africa by country", "1996 California Proposition 218", "Southern United States", "Education in the United States", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "Suez Crisis", "Slavery", "Montana", "Warren G. Harding", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Cultural Revolution", "Scotland", "Facebook", "English trust law", "Ketuanan Melayu", "Biblical criticism", "Patriot Act", "Holy Week", "Napoleon III", "Alt-right", "Vichy France", "Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale", "History of Beijing", "QAnon", "Christian mysticism", "Affair of the Cards", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "Freedom of religion in Uzbekistan", "Russian Orthodox Church", "Flood v. Kuhn", "List of modern great powers", "West Virginia", "Alberto Gonzales", "List of Judge Dredd characters", "Human sexuality", "Mormonism and women", "Political positions of John Delaney", "Rescue of Jews by Catholics during the Holocaust", "Homelessness", "Christian monasticism", "Mexican–American War", "North Korea", "History of feminism", "Mike Pence", "Harold Wilson", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "14th Dalai Lama", "War of 1812", "Quebec", "Education in India", "Monarchy of Canada", "Political positions of Kamala Harris", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "Mexico", "Meaning of life", "Vaccine hesitancy", "Democracy", "Neoliberalism", "Iraq War", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Somalia", "Josemaría Escrivá", "Alexander Hamilton", "History of Cumbria", "Catholic Church and politics in the United States", "William Ewart Gladstone", "History of Shinto", "MeToo movement", "Criticism of Facebook", "Illegal immigration to the United States", "History of Eastern Orthodox theology", "Arminianism", "Trump–Ukraine scandal", "Revelation (short story)", "Gab (social network)", "Nostra aetate", "Church of Ireland", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "Estonia", "Josip Broz Tito", "History of Jamaica", "Che Guevara", "Socialist Party of America", "Philadelphia Eleven", "Amin al-Husseini", "Andrew Johnson", "Medical school", "Chetniks", "Charleston church shooting", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Kris Kobach", "Richard Nixon", "Sonia Sotomayor", "Revival of 1800", "Adolescence", "Wikipedia", "Psychology", "Palmarian Christian Church", "Value-form", "Feminism", "Scott Pruitt", "Freedom of speech by country", "Anglican Catholic Church", "Anglican doctrine", "Walmart", "Book of Mormon", "Racial achievement gap in the United States", "Bill Cosby sexual assault cases", "Child marriage", "Antonin Scalia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Separation of church and state in the United States", "Black Canadians", "Olusegun Obasanjo", "Glossary of French criminal law", "Paul von Hindenburg", "St. George's United Methodist Church (Philadelphia)", "George H. W. Bush", "Dreyfus affair", "Mary Magdalene", "Shofetim (parashah)", "John Tyler", "History of Zionism", "Citizens United v. FEC", "In vitro fertilisation", "United Kingdom enterprise law", "Edward Snowden", "Populism", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Dissent from Catholic teaching on homosexuality", "Systems of social stratification", "Clerical celibacy", "Russian Empire", "Eisteddfod", "Eastern esotericism", "Christianity in Australia", "Anti-communism", "Conscientious objector", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Thracian religion", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Women in Pakistan", "Nothing Records", "Patrick Henry", "Talcott Parsons", "Aimee Semple McPherson", "Havana", "California", "Cousin marriage", "Antisemitism in Islam", "Religion and LGBT people", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Types of socialism", "Tucker Carlson", "History of Hungary", "Temperance movement", "Epiphany (holiday)", "Roman Empire", "Druze", "Television in the United States", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Far-right politics", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "List of Shameless (British TV series) characters", "John Kasich", "Mao Zedong", "History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1800–1899", "Ethiopia", "History of the Puritans in North America", "History of Belgium", "Religion in ancient Rome", "2009 ELCA Churchwide Assembly", "Women in Judaism", "Industrial Revolution", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Military history of Canada", "Chip Roy", "New Age", "Howard government", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "List of Sharpe series characters", "Ki Tissa", "Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson", "Joining of the Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe to the Moscow Patriarchate", "LGBT rights in Jamaica", "National Collegiate Athletic Association", "Huldrych Zwingli", "Jeanine Áñez", "International Criminal Court", "Christian mission", "History of the Church of the Nazarene", "Gay men", "West Germany", "United Kingdom insolvency law", "Sardinian language", "History of Paris", "Culture and menstruation", "Houston", "Nawaz Sharif", "Conservative Party (UK)", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Elhanan Winchester", "History of the United States Constitution", "Dorothy Day", "2013–2014 Thai political crisis", "Henry Kissinger", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Black Lives Matter", "History of the Kuomintang", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "New Jersey", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Christianity in India", "Islamic banking and finance", "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand", "Bermuda" ]

{ "en": "The United Methodist Church opposes conscription as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture. Therefore, the Church supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscientiously oppose all war, or any particular war, and who therefore refuse to serve in the armed forces or to cooperate with systems of military conscription. However, the United Methodist Church also supports and extends its ministry to those persons who conscientiously choose to serve in the armed forces or to accept alternative service. The church also states that \"as Christians they are aware that neither the way of military action, nor the way of inaction is always righteous before God.\"", "hi": "यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च ने अनिवार्य सैनिक सेवा का विरोध शास्त्र की पढाई के साथ परस्पर-विरोधी के रूप में किया है। इसलिए, चर्च उन व्यक्तियों का समर्थन करता है और अपने मंत्रालय को विस्तारित करता है, जो समस्त युद्ध, या किसी विशेष युद्ध का विरोध करते हैं, और जो इस कारण सशस्त्र बलों में सेवा करने या सैन्य संरक्षण की प्रणालियों के साथ सहयोग करने से इनकार करते हैं। हालाँकि, यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च उन व्यक्तियों का भी समर्थन करता है और अपने मंत्रालय को उन तक पहुँचाता है, जो सशस्त्र बलों में सेवा करने या वैकल्पिक सेवा को स्वीकार करने का चुनाव करते हैं। चर्च यह भी कहता है कि \"ईसाई के रूप में वे जानते हैं कि न तो सैन्य कार्रवाई का तरीका, और न ही निष्क्रियता का तरीका हमेशा ईश्वर के लिए न्यायसंगत है।\"" }

{ "en": "The Church supports those persons who conscientiously oppose what?", "hi": "किन चीज़ों का विवेकपूर्वक विरोध करने वाले व्यक्तियों का चर्च समर्थन करता है?" }

{ "en": [ "all war" ], "hi": [ "युद्ध" ] }

{ "en": [ 197, 201, 201 ], "hi": [ 205 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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{ "en": "The first Methodist clergy were ordained by John Wesley, a priest of the Church of England, because of the crisis caused by the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments. Today, the clergy includes men and women who are ordained by bishops as elders and deacons and are appointed to various ministries. Elders in the United Methodist Church itenerate and are subject to the authority and appointment of their bishops. They generally serve as pastors in local congregations. Deacons are in service ministry and may serve as musicians, liturgists, educators, business administrators, and a number of other areas. Elders and deacons are required to obtain a master's degree (generally an M.Div.), or another equivalent degree, before commissioning and then ultimately ordination. Elders in full connection are each a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons.", "hi": "पहले मेथोडिस्ट पादरी वर्ग को इंग्लैंड के चर्च के एक पुजारी जॉन वेस्ले द्वारा नियुक्त किया गया था, क्योंकि अमेरिकी क्रांति के कारण उत्पन्न संकट ने अमेरिका में मेथोडिस्ट को इंग्लैंड के चर्च और इसके संस्कारों से अलग कर दिया था। आज, पादरी वर्ग में वे पुरुष और महिलाएं शामिल हैं जिन्हें बिशपों द्वारा बुजुर्ग और डिकॉन के रूप में नियुक्त किया जाता है और उन्हें विभिन्न मंत्रालयों में नियुक्त किया जाता है। यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के बुजुर्ग इसे दोहराते हैं और अपने बिशप के अधिकार और नियुक्ति के अधीन होते हैं। वे आम तौर पर स्थानीय मंडलों में पादरी के रूप में काम करते हैं। डिकॉन सेवा मंत्रालय में रहते हैं और संगीतकारों, वादकारियों, शिक्षकों, व्यवसाय प्रशासकों और कई अन्य क्षेत्रों में काम कर सकते हैं। बुजुर्गों और डिकॉन को कमीशनिंग से पहले और फिर अंततः समन्वय के लिए एक मास्टर डिग्री (आमतौर पर M.Div.), या एक अन्य समकक्ष डिग्री प्राप्त करने की आवश्यकता होती है। पूर्ण संपर्क वाले बुजुर्गों में से प्रत्येक अपने एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ़ एल्डर्स का एक सदस्य होता है। इसी तरह प्रत्येक पूर्ण संपर्क वाले डिकॉन अपने एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ डिकॉन के सदस्य होते हैं।" }

{ "en": "Who ordained the first Methodist clergy?", "hi": "पहले मेथोडिस्ट पादरी को किसने नियुक्त किया?" }

{ "en": [ "John Wesley" ], "hi": [ "जॉन वेस्ले" ] }

{ "en": [ 44, 44, 44 ], "hi": [ 59 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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{ "en": "The first Methodist clergy were ordained by John Wesley, a priest of the Church of England, because of the crisis caused by the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments. Today, the clergy includes men and women who are ordained by bishops as elders and deacons and are appointed to various ministries. Elders in the United Methodist Church itenerate and are subject to the authority and appointment of their bishops. They generally serve as pastors in local congregations. Deacons are in service ministry and may serve as musicians, liturgists, educators, business administrators, and a number of other areas. Elders and deacons are required to obtain a master's degree (generally an M.Div.), or another equivalent degree, before commissioning and then ultimately ordination. Elders in full connection are each a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons.", "hi": "पहले मेथोडिस्ट पादरी वर्ग को इंग्लैंड के चर्च के एक पुजारी जॉन वेस्ले द्वारा नियुक्त किया गया था, क्योंकि अमेरिकी क्रांति के कारण उत्पन्न संकट ने अमेरिका में मेथोडिस्ट को इंग्लैंड के चर्च और इसके संस्कारों से अलग कर दिया था। आज, पादरी वर्ग में वे पुरुष और महिलाएं शामिल हैं जिन्हें बिशपों द्वारा बुजुर्ग और डिकॉन के रूप में नियुक्त किया जाता है और उन्हें विभिन्न मंत्रालयों में नियुक्त किया जाता है। यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के बुजुर्ग इसे दोहराते हैं और अपने बिशप के अधिकार और नियुक्ति के अधीन होते हैं। वे आम तौर पर स्थानीय मंडलों में पादरी के रूप में काम करते हैं। डिकॉन सेवा मंत्रालय में रहते हैं और संगीतकारों, वादकारियों, शिक्षकों, व्यवसाय प्रशासकों और कई अन्य क्षेत्रों में काम कर सकते हैं। बुजुर्गों और डिकॉन को कमीशनिंग से पहले और फिर अंततः समन्वय के लिए एक मास्टर डिग्री (आमतौर पर M.Div.), या एक अन्य समकक्ष डिग्री प्राप्त करने की आवश्यकता होती है। पूर्ण संपर्क वाले बुजुर्गों में से प्रत्येक अपने एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ़ एल्डर्स का एक सदस्य होता है। इसी तरह प्रत्येक पूर्ण संपर्क वाले डिकॉन अपने एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ डिकॉन के सदस्य होते हैं।" }

{ "en": "Clergy usually serve as what in local congregations?", "hi": "पादरी आमतौर पर स्थानीय मंडलों में किस रूप में सेवा करते हैं?" }

{ "en": [ "pastors" ], "hi": [ "पादरी" ] }

{ "en": [ 510, 338, 510 ], "hi": [ 536 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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Grant", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Purgatory", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Reactions of the Eastern Orthodox churches to the 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism", "Jesse Helms", "Christianity in the 19th century", "List of The Shield characters", "Restorationism", "Rejection of evolution by religious groups", "Rudy Giuliani", "History of United States foreign policy", "South African contract law", "Iran–United States relations", "Joseph Stalin", "Franklin D. 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E. B. Du Bois", "Military history of Canada", "Chip Roy", "New Age", "Howard government", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "List of Sharpe series characters", "Ki Tissa", "Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson", "Joining of the Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe to the Moscow Patriarchate", "LGBT rights in Jamaica", "National Collegiate Athletic Association", "Huldrych Zwingli", "Jeanine Áñez", "International Criminal Court", "Christian mission", "History of the Church of the Nazarene", "Gay men", "West Germany", "United Kingdom insolvency law", "Sardinian language", "History of Paris", "Culture and menstruation", "Houston", "Nawaz Sharif", "Conservative Party (UK)", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Elhanan Winchester", "History of the United States Constitution", "Dorothy Day", "2013–2014 Thai political crisis", "Henry Kissinger", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Black Lives Matter", "History of the Kuomintang", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "New Jersey", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Christianity in India", "Islamic banking and finance", "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand", "Bermuda" ]

{ "en": "The first Methodist clergy were ordained by John Wesley, a priest of the Church of England, because of the crisis caused by the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments. Today, the clergy includes men and women who are ordained by bishops as elders and deacons and are appointed to various ministries. Elders in the United Methodist Church itenerate and are subject to the authority and appointment of their bishops. They generally serve as pastors in local congregations. Deacons are in service ministry and may serve as musicians, liturgists, educators, business administrators, and a number of other areas. Elders and deacons are required to obtain a master's degree (generally an M.Div.), or another equivalent degree, before commissioning and then ultimately ordination. Elders in full connection are each a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons.", "hi": "पहले मेथोडिस्ट पादरी वर्ग को इंग्लैंड के चर्च के एक पुजारी जॉन वेस्ले द्वारा नियुक्त किया गया था, क्योंकि अमेरिकी क्रांति के कारण उत्पन्न संकट ने अमेरिका में मेथोडिस्ट को इंग्लैंड के चर्च और इसके संस्कारों से अलग कर दिया था। आज, पादरी वर्ग में वे पुरुष और महिलाएं शामिल हैं जिन्हें बिशपों द्वारा बुजुर्ग और डिकॉन के रूप में नियुक्त किया जाता है और उन्हें विभिन्न मंत्रालयों में नियुक्त किया जाता है। यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के बुजुर्ग इसे दोहराते हैं और अपने बिशप के अधिकार और नियुक्ति के अधीन होते हैं। वे आम तौर पर स्थानीय मंडलों में पादरी के रूप में काम करते हैं। डिकॉन सेवा मंत्रालय में रहते हैं और संगीतकारों, वादकारियों, शिक्षकों, व्यवसाय प्रशासकों और कई अन्य क्षेत्रों में काम कर सकते हैं। बुजुर्गों और डिकॉन को कमीशनिंग से पहले और फिर अंततः समन्वय के लिए एक मास्टर डिग्री (आमतौर पर M.Div.), या एक अन्य समकक्ष डिग्री प्राप्त करने की आवश्यकता होती है। पूर्ण संपर्क वाले बुजुर्गों में से प्रत्येक अपने एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ़ एल्डर्स का एक सदस्य होता है। इसी तरह प्रत्येक पूर्ण संपर्क वाले डिकॉन अपने एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ डिकॉन के सदस्य होते हैं।" }

{ "en": "Elders in full connection are each a member of what?", "hi": "पूर्ण संपर्क वाले सभी बुजुर्ग किसके सदस्य हैं?" }

{ "en": [ "Annual Conference Order of Elders" ], "hi": [ "एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ़ एल्डर्स" ] }

{ "en": [ 898, 880, 898 ], "hi": [ 907 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

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[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. Branham", "European Union law", "Book of Common Prayer", "Quakers", "Mar Thoma Syrian Church", "History of Western civilization", "United Kingdom labour law", "History of the United States", "American Civil Liberties Union", "Evangelicalism in the United States", "Political positions of Ron Paul", "Women in the Catholic Church", "United States labor law", "East–West Schism", "Native Americans in the United States", "Christianity in the United States", "Apostasy in Christianity", "English Reformation", "Christianity and abortion", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of France", "Holy orders", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Desmond Tutu", "United Russia", "LGBT clergy in Christianity", "History of Mexican Americans", "Slavery in the United States", "History of Austria", "History of Poles in the United States", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "Political positions of John McCain", "Religion in China", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Sola fide", "History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance", "Catholic theology", "Pope Benedict XVI", "Confederate States of America", "Anglican Church in North America", "History of Christianity", "Roe v. Wade", "Theology of Pope Francis", "Presbyterian Church in America", "H. H. Asquith", "Erasmus", "Slavic Native Faith", "Philippine Independent Church", "Ethnomusicology", "Christian ethics", "African Methodist Episcopal Church", "Texas", "Homosexuality and religion", "Religious symbolism in the United States military", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Seventh-day Adventist Church", "Churches of Christ", "African-American history", "African Americans", "History of Detroit", "Beliefs and practices of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "History of Speyer", "Restoration Movement", "Theodore Roosevelt", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Tartan", "The Salvation Army", "Martin Luther King Jr.", "First Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Political positions of Susan Collins", "History of Guatemala", "Freedom of religion in Asia by country", "Ralph Northam", "Separation of church and state", "Criticism of Christianity", "Women's rights", "Religion and sexuality", "Christian views on slavery", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign", "Christian perfection", "Puerto Rico", "Miscegenation", "History of the United Kingdom", "History of the Episcopal Church (United States)", "Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization", "History of the Catholic Church", "LGBT rights in Australia", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "LGBT movements in the United States", "Transgender rights in the United States", "Mennonites", "The Dresden Files characters", "Generation Z in the United States", "Women in Christianity", "Martin Luther", "Sharia", "Donald Trump", "American frontier", "Absolution", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "History of socialism", "George W. Bush", "Latin America", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "History of the Netherlands", "History of Christian theology", "Open Brethren", "Pope Paul VI", "Anglican Church of Canada", "Colonial history of the United States", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Religious views of Adolf Hitler", "Foreign relations of India", "Filioque", "Freedom of religion in Russia", "Aloysius Stepinac", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion", "Republican Party (United States)", "South African criminal law", "Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire", "History of the United States government", "Reform Judaism", "Michael Heseltine", "Lumumba Government", "Apartheid", "French Resistance", "History of the nude in art", "History of United States prison systems", "Political positions of Joe Biden", "Unification Church", "Maximilien Robespierre", "History of Scotland", "Church of the Brethren", "Origins of the American Civil War", "Calvinism", "Human rights in the United States", "Abortion in the United States", "Contract", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Hizb ut-Tahrir", "Christian right", "Economic history of the United States", "New Mexico", "German resistance to Nazism", "Enoch Powell", "Trumpism", "Italian Americans", "Congregationalism in the United States", "Anti-Catholicism", "Pope", "Religious views on same-sex marriage", "Robert Lusk", "Progressive Era", "Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Augustine of Hippo", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Supreme Court of the United States", "South African Border War", "Racism in the United States", "History of education in the United States", "Hoodoo (spirituality)", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "History of Poland", "Socialism", "Racial views of Donald Trump", "The Spirit of the Age", "Scientology", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Presidency of Joe Biden", "Domestic violence", "Jesuits", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "Ibn Taymiyya", "Christianity and Judaism", "Freedom of religion in Vietnam", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State", "Deacon", "Puritans", "New Deal", "Trump administration family separation policy", "Arab citizens of Israel", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "Women in government", "Confessing Movement", "Political positions of Donald Trump", "Jehovah's Witnesses", "Latin Church", "History of the Southern United States", "Christian views on alcohol", "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter", "Presidency of Barack Obama", "Nazism", "Fidel Castro", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "John F. Kennedy", "Ion Antonescu", "Hillary Clinton", "Evangelical Methodist Church", "China–United States relations", "Catholic Church in England and Wales", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Reinhard Marx", "Conscience", "1562 Riots of Toulouse", "Presbyterianism", "New Testament", "Vladimir Putin", "Black church", "Community of Christ", "Light in painting", "Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections", "Lyndon B. Johnson", "Sierra Leone", "Bill Clinton", "Social policy of Donald Trump", "Mircea Eliade", "Boris Johnson", "Defamation", "Politics of Georgia (country)", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Mitt Romney", "First Great Awakening", "Barack Obama", "History of the Church of England", "United Church of Canada", "Cold War", "Overview of gun laws by nation", "Iloilo City", "Lutheran Church of Australia", "Wartime sexual violence", "History of Palestine", "Leon Trotsky", "Political positions of Elizabeth Warren", "Human rights in the United Kingdom", "Human rights in Israel", "Jeremy Corbyn", "Mainline Protestant", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987)", "Virginia", "Steele dossier", "Islamic terrorism", "Vilnius", "Christian denomination", "Russia under Vladimir Putin", "Observance of Christmas by country", "History of magic", "Constitution of the United States", "Soviet Union", "Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist", "Historikerstreit", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Portugal", "Women in the Bible", "List of Mad Men characters", "Salvation in Christianity", "Lesbian", "Roman Curia", "Fake news", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "David Lloyd George", "Relationship between religion and science", "Wahhabism", "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud", "Robert Byrd", "Conservative Judaism", "Robert F. Kennedy", "Student Volunteer Movement", "Hamas", "Religion in Nazi Germany", "Irish Americans", "Glenn Youngkin", "Recognition of same-sex unions in India", "Hispanic and Latino Americans", "Confirmation", "Clergy", "Ordination of women in Methodism", "Governorship of Glenn Youngkin", "Incarceration in the United States", "Mormonism and Nicene Christianity", "Reformation in the Kingdom of Hungary", "Thomas Jefferson", "Catholic Church in the United States", "Age of Enlightenment", "Bible", "Amoris laetitia", "Well-being contributing factors", "Fasting in religion", "Canadian Indian residential school system", "Orthodox Judaism", "Ulysses S. Grant", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Purgatory", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Reactions of the Eastern Orthodox churches to the 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism", "Jesse Helms", "Christianity in the 19th century", "List of The Shield characters", "Restorationism", "Rejection of evolution by religious groups", "Rudy Giuliani", "History of United States foreign policy", "South African contract law", "Iran–United States relations", "Joseph Stalin", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "LGBT rights in the Philippines", "History of Protestantism in the United States", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Muslim Brotherhood", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "History of Indiana", "University of Pennsylvania", "History of Virginia", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters", "List of Fables characters", "Benjamin Netanyahu", "List of Christian denominations", "Nancy Pelosi", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Homosexuality and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "Clarence Thomas", "Freedom of religion", "History of slavery", "History of the socialist movement in the United States", "Reformed Episcopal Church", "Benito Mussolini", "History of Tunisia", "Greece", "Nelson Mandela", "Judaism", "Jesus", "Charles George Gordon", "Islamic fundamentalism in Iran", "Unitarian Universalism", "History of Israel", "Ku Klux Klan", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Black Catholicism", "Affirmative action in the United States", "LGBT rights in Canada", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Judaism and Mormonism", "Book of Common Prayer (1549)", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Modern liberalism in the United States", "Fascism and ideology", "World War II by country", "Raymond Leo Burke", "Networked advocacy", "Jomo Kenyatta", "Uyghur genocide", "Xi Jinping", "History of the Philippines", "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "Racial segregation of churches in the United States", "History of Nigeria", "Religion in the United Kingdom", "Reproductive rights", "Violence against women", "Italy", "Ten Commandments in Catholic theology", "Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)", "Democratic Party (United States)", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Detribalization", "History of the Jews in Poland", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "American Revolution", "Jimmy Carter", "LGBT rights in Mexico", "Jury", "Religion of Black Americans", "Lithuania", "List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise", "Abraham Lincoln", "John Adams", "Anglo-Saxons", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran", "George McGovern", "Camden, New Jersey", "New Orleans", "Oath of office", "Thomas Aquinas", "Jim Jones", "History of the Catholic Church in the United States", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Mary, mother of Jesus", "Fundamentalist–modernist controversy", "Julius Nyerere", "LGBT history", "Characters of Casualty", "Marcus Garvey", "Douglas MacArthur", "History of conservatism in the United States", "Women in science", "Capital punishment in the United States", "Tim Kaine", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "George Washington", "Israel–United States relations", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "Paris in the 18th century", "Homelessness in the United States by state", "Reproductive justice", "Islam in the United States", "Cesar Chavez", "LGBT people and Islam", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Affordable Care Act", "European Union", "Zhou Enlai", "Unite the Right rally", "Nazi racial theories", "Jewish feminism", "Moldova", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Authoritarian socialism", "Falun Gong", "Excommunication", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis", "Kashmir conflict", "History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "LGBT rights in India", "Imperial examination", "Benazir Bhutto", "Human rights in China", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Boy Scouts of America membership controversies", "Lent", "Article One of the United States Constitution", "Internment of Japanese Americans", "Archibald Cox", "Rastafari", "Sexual harassment", "Christianity in the 20th century", "Abolitionism in the United States", "World Jewish Congress", "Police brutality by country", "Spanish Inquisition", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Literacy", "Special Relationship", "Saint Peter", "Church of Scotland", "Scotland in the early modern period", "Logology (science)", "Mississippi", "Jean Chrétien", "Women in music", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "BDSM", "Relations between the Catholic Church and the state", "Labor history of the United States", "Voting Rights Act of 1965", "Hawaii", "English land law", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Social media use by Donald Trump", "Pacifism", "Eucharist in the Catholic Church", "Unionism in Ireland", "Turkey–United States relations", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal", "Social media", "History of Transylvania", "Imperial Roman army", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain", "Israel", "History of lesbianism in the United States", "Paul the Apostle", "Political positions of Jeb Bush", "American Civil War", "Officers' Association", "John McCain", "Vietnam War", "Women's suffrage", "James Dobson", "Culture of the United States", "Bernie Sanders", "Nicolae Iorga", "Christianity in China", "Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union", "George Pell", "Second Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Interracial marriage", "Dominican Republic", "Taiwan", "Homosexuality", "Jewish views on homosexuality", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Modern paganism", "Nazi Germany", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "Chicano", "Culture of England", "Church of the Holy Innocents, Rossmore", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Apostasy in Islam by country", "Don't ask, don't tell", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "Pre-Code Hollywood", "Education in China", "History of gay men in the United States", "Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform", "American Jews", "Iranian Revolution", "Fascism", "Islamic veiling practices by country", "Blueberry (comics)", "Harry S. Truman", "Flint water crisis", "John Cotton (minister)", "History of social democracy", "History of Ghana", "Lee Kuan Yew", "Convention People's Party", "Hugo Chávez", "Free will", "Baptists", "William Howard Taft", "Philadelphia", "Common law", "Canada convoy protest", "Polygamy", "German Americans", "LGBT movements", "Political positions of Lisa Murkowski", "Billy Graham", "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Soviet–Afghan War", "Justification (theology)", "Marital rape", "Pierre Trudeau", "Women's liberation movement in Europe", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "Habib Bourguiba", "LGBT rights in Queensland", "Benjamin Franklin", "History of Lisbon", "Women's rights in Saudi Arabia", "Erwin Rommel", "Abortion in the United Kingdom", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Jesse Jackson", "Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Colombian peace process", "Police corruption", "Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom", "History of American newspapers", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "American imperialism", "Saudi Arabia", "Dissolution of the monasteries", "Robert Mugabe", "German government response to the COVID-19 pandemic", "Foreign relations of Israel", "Iran–Iraq War", "Sex education in the United States", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Sweden", "Sabbath in Christianity", "Personal ordinariate", "History of the Catholic Church in France", "Robert McNamara", "List of book-burning incidents", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "France", "John Henry Newman", "History of Zakynthos", "Anti-BDS laws", "Yulia Tymoshenko", "Srebrenica massacre", "17 October Revolution", "French Third Republic", "East Germany", "Presidency of George Washington", "Jeff Sessions", "John McCain 2008 presidential campaign", "John Calvin", "Sexism", "Christianization", "History of the Republican Party (United States)", "Ted Kennedy", "Thirty-nine Articles", "South African constitutional litigation", "Sex trafficking", "Baby boomers", "Clavier-Übung III", "Criticism of Amazon", "European debt crisis", "Free will in theology", "Marriage in the Catholic Church", "2014 Scottish independence referendum", "Mexican Revolution", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Sabbatarianism", "List of Garo characters", "Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign", "British Raj", "Vladimir Lenin", "England", "Moravian Church", "The New Church (Swedenborgian)", "Catholic Church and ecumenism", "Central Philippine University", "Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops", "Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte", "Middle Ages", "Pakistan", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics", "Arizona SB 1070", "Racism", "Divorce", "Hierarchy of the Catholic Church", "Conservatism", "History of the Quakers", "Indigenous Australians", "Winston Churchill", "Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis", "Vermont", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Chinese Filipino", "Joe Biden", "Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions", "Persecution of Muslims", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Hagia Sophia", "Taoism", "History of the Jews in the United States", "Political positions of Tulsi Gabbard", "Roy Moore", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "British National Party", "Mueller report", "Pornography", "Premiership of Boris Johnson", "Norway", "Blasphemy law", "Va'etchanan", "William Barr", "Shinzo Abe", "History of opera", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "French Directory", "Susan B. Anthony", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters", "James K. Polk", "Louisiana", "2008 California Proposition 8", "Governorship of Mitt Romney", "Northern Ireland", "Compulsory sterilization", "Twitter", "Alabama", "Church of the United Brethren in Christ", "Salafi movement", "Ken Livingstone", "Massachusetts", "Reading", "False or misleading statements by Donald Trump", "David Cameron", "History of the Puritans under King Charles I", "Religion and capital punishment", "List of NCIS characters", "Woodrow Wilson", "Catholic Church and slavery", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Rick Santorum", "History of Unitarianism", "Spanish Civil War", "Catholicity", "La Luz del Mundo", "New York (state)", "California Lutheran University", "Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution", "Gender role", "North Carolina", "History of Lithuania", "Last Generation Theology", "Capital punishment", "Freedom of religion in Africa by country", "1996 California Proposition 218", "Southern United States", "Education in the United States", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "Suez Crisis", "Slavery", "Montana", "Warren G. Harding", "Sandinista National Liberation Front", "Cultural Revolution", "Scotland", "Facebook", "English trust law", "Ketuanan Melayu", "Biblical criticism", "Patriot Act", "Holy Week", "Napoleon III", "Alt-right", "Vichy France", "Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale", "History of Beijing", "QAnon", "Christian mysticism", "Affair of the Cards", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "Freedom of religion in Uzbekistan", "Russian Orthodox Church", "Flood v. Kuhn", "List of modern great powers", "West Virginia", "Alberto Gonzales", "List of Judge Dredd characters", "Human sexuality", "Mormonism and women", "Political positions of John Delaney", "Rescue of Jews by Catholics during the Holocaust", "Homelessness", "Christian monasticism", "Mexican–American War", "North Korea", "History of feminism", "Mike Pence", "Harold Wilson", "1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre", "14th Dalai Lama", "War of 1812", "Quebec", "Education in India", "Monarchy of Canada", "Political positions of Kamala Harris", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "Mexico", "Meaning of life", "Vaccine hesitancy", "Democracy", "Neoliberalism", "Iraq War", "Anarchism in Brazil", "Somalia", "Josemaría Escrivá", "Alexander Hamilton", "History of Cumbria", "Catholic Church and politics in the United States", "William Ewart Gladstone", "History of Shinto", "MeToo movement", "Criticism of Facebook", "Illegal immigration to the United States", "History of Eastern Orthodox theology", "Arminianism", "Trump–Ukraine scandal", "Revelation (short story)", "Gab (social network)", "Nostra aetate", "Church of Ireland", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020", "Estonia", "Josip Broz Tito", "History of Jamaica", "Che Guevara", "Socialist Party of America", "Philadelphia Eleven", "Amin al-Husseini", "Andrew Johnson", "Medical school", "Chetniks", "Charleston church shooting", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Kris Kobach", "Richard Nixon", "Sonia Sotomayor", "Revival of 1800", "Adolescence", "Wikipedia", "Psychology", "Palmarian Christian Church", "Value-form", "Feminism", "Scott Pruitt", "Freedom of speech by country", "Anglican Catholic Church", "Anglican doctrine", "Walmart", "Book of Mormon", "Racial achievement gap in the United States", "Bill Cosby sexual assault cases", "Child marriage", "Antonin Scalia", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Separation of church and state in the United States", "Black Canadians", "Olusegun Obasanjo", "Glossary of French criminal law", "Paul von Hindenburg", "St. George's United Methodist Church (Philadelphia)", "George H. W. Bush", "Dreyfus affair", "Mary Magdalene", "Shofetim (parashah)", "John Tyler", "History of Zionism", "Citizens United v. FEC", "In vitro fertilisation", "United Kingdom enterprise law", "Edward Snowden", "Populism", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Dissent from Catholic teaching on homosexuality", "Systems of social stratification", "Clerical celibacy", "Russian Empire", "Eisteddfod", "Eastern esotericism", "Christianity in Australia", "Anti-communism", "Conscientious objector", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "Thracian religion", "Macedonia naming dispute", "Women in Pakistan", "Nothing Records", "Patrick Henry", "Talcott Parsons", "Aimee Semple McPherson", "Havana", "California", "Cousin marriage", "Antisemitism in Islam", "Religion and LGBT people", "António de Oliveira Salazar", "Types of socialism", "Tucker Carlson", "History of Hungary", "Temperance movement", "Epiphany (holiday)", "Roman Empire", "Druze", "Television in the United States", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "Far-right politics", "Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", "List of Shameless (British TV series) characters", "John Kasich", "Mao Zedong", "History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1800–1899", "Ethiopia", "History of the Puritans in North America", "History of Belgium", "Religion in ancient Rome", "2009 ELCA Churchwide Assembly", "Women in Judaism", "Industrial Revolution", "W. E. B. Du Bois", "Military history of Canada", "Chip Roy", "New Age", "Howard government", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "List of Sharpe series characters", "Ki Tissa", "Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson", "Joining of the Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe to the Moscow Patriarchate", "LGBT rights in Jamaica", "National Collegiate Athletic Association", "Huldrych Zwingli", "Jeanine Áñez", "International Criminal Court", "Christian mission", "History of the Church of the Nazarene", "Gay men", "West Germany", "United Kingdom insolvency law", "Sardinian language", "History of Paris", "Culture and menstruation", "Houston", "Nawaz Sharif", "Conservative Party (UK)", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Elhanan Winchester", "History of the United States Constitution", "Dorothy Day", "2013–2014 Thai political crisis", "Henry Kissinger", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Black Lives Matter", "History of the Kuomintang", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "New Jersey", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "Christianity in India", "Islamic banking and finance", "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand", "Bermuda" ]

{ "en": "The first Methodist clergy were ordained by John Wesley, a priest of the Church of England, because of the crisis caused by the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments. Today, the clergy includes men and women who are ordained by bishops as elders and deacons and are appointed to various ministries. Elders in the United Methodist Church itenerate and are subject to the authority and appointment of their bishops. They generally serve as pastors in local congregations. Deacons are in service ministry and may serve as musicians, liturgists, educators, business administrators, and a number of other areas. Elders and deacons are required to obtain a master's degree (generally an M.Div.), or another equivalent degree, before commissioning and then ultimately ordination. Elders in full connection are each a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons.", "hi": "पहले मेथोडिस्ट पादरी वर्ग को इंग्लैंड के चर्च के एक पुजारी जॉन वेस्ले द्वारा नियुक्त किया गया था, क्योंकि अमेरिकी क्रांति के कारण उत्पन्न संकट ने अमेरिका में मेथोडिस्ट को इंग्लैंड के चर्च और इसके संस्कारों से अलग कर दिया था। आज, पादरी वर्ग में वे पुरुष और महिलाएं शामिल हैं जिन्हें बिशपों द्वारा बुजुर्ग और डिकॉन के रूप में नियुक्त किया जाता है और उन्हें विभिन्न मंत्रालयों में नियुक्त किया जाता है। यूनाइटेड मेथोडिस्ट चर्च के बुजुर्ग इसे दोहराते हैं और अपने बिशप के अधिकार और नियुक्ति के अधीन होते हैं। वे आम तौर पर स्थानीय मंडलों में पादरी के रूप में काम करते हैं। डिकॉन सेवा मंत्रालय में रहते हैं और संगीतकारों, वादकारियों, शिक्षकों, व्यवसाय प्रशासकों और कई अन्य क्षेत्रों में काम कर सकते हैं। बुजुर्गों और डिकॉन को कमीशनिंग से पहले और फिर अंततः समन्वय के लिए एक मास्टर डिग्री (आमतौर पर M.Div.), या एक अन्य समकक्ष डिग्री प्राप्त करने की आवश्यकता होती है। पूर्ण संपर्क वाले बुजुर्गों में से प्रत्येक अपने एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ़ एल्डर्स का एक सदस्य होता है। इसी तरह प्रत्येक पूर्ण संपर्क वाले डिकॉन अपने एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ डिकॉन के सदस्य होते हैं।" }

{ "en": "Each deacon in full connection is a member of what?", "hi": "पूर्ण संपर्क वाले सभी डिकॉन किसके सदस्य हैं?" }

{ "en": [ "Annual Conference Order of Deacons" ], "hi": [ "एनुअल कांफ्रेंस आर्डर ऑफ डिकॉन" ] }

{ "en": [ 994, 994, 994 ], "hi": [ 1007 ] }

[ "Culture.Philosophy and religion", "History and Society.Society" ]

[ "69_gastropod_snail_marine gastropod", "94_crater_rim_lunar", "97_bee family_bee_described", "85_station_radio_radio station", "39_voivodeship_gmina_poland", "19_moth_family_wingspan", "79_station_radio_radio station", "66_church_comune_italy", "92_beetle_genus_species beetle", "80_route_highway_state", "90_miss_pageant_miss universe", "87_formation_geologic_geologic formation", "71_beetle_species beetle_beetle family", "20_species_plant_genus", "32_municipality_province_river", "9_district_rural district_province iran", "12_municipality_village_river", "78_star_asteroid_constellation", "76_glacier_antarctic_island", "23_municipality_germany_station", "93_calendar_year_bc year", "47_species_genus_fish", "75_species_bird_subtropical tropical", "57_commune_france_department", "81_events_events year_year", "65_species_genus_butterfly", "42_spanish_party_mexican", "54_navy_ship_uss", "35_roman_greek_rome", "18_art_painter_artist", "15_historic_house_building", "4_album_song_released", "84_frog_species frog_species", "55_station_china_province", "95_curling_curling championships_curling championship", "48_school_high school_high", "77_station_line_km", "2_album_band_released", "3_county_township_census", "17_served_republican_state", "40_album_song_music", "86_airline_airlines_air", "25_music_opera_composer", "36_software_data_computer", "28_protein_enzyme_gene", "21_russian_soviet_party", "6_parish_railway_england", "46_aircraft_engine_designed", "8_film_films_directed", "56_film_indian_directed", "43_surname_given_ancient", "16_india_district_village", "10_german_norwegian_french", "51_game_games_video game", "99_everest_climbing_mount everest", "34_published_book_magazine", "11_novel_series_book", "70_theory_function_theorem", "45_chinese_china_japanese", "1_film_series_television", "30_population_town_language", "52_radio_television_channel", "29_university_professor_research", "50_company_food_restaurant", "82_stakes_horse_race", "89_athletics_championships_metres", "22_company_information_technology", "7_act_law_united", "44_ibn_islamic_muhammad", "41_used_water_energy", "24_river_island_lake", "61_hospital_university_college", "68_race_racing_championship", "88_earthquake_hawaii_mori", "53_election_party_assembly", "13_sir_son_john", "37_university_college_born", "64_war_army_officer", "91_scout_conus_scouts", "74_bank_company_oil", "73_tennis_doubles_singles", "49_team_season_football", "60_united nations_party_minister", "72_regiment_army_battalion", "5_olympics_competed_summer olympics", "38_football_cup_teams", "14_fc_football_club", "59_games_summer_championships", "26_india_indian_college", "98_boat_boat race_race", "31_footballer_plays_club", "27_football_baseball_played", "83_golf_tour_pga", "63_hockey_league_hockey league", "58_wrestling_professional_boxing", "96_weather_amber_vietnamese", "67_league_football_club", "33_footballer_played_league", "62_cricket_cricketer_firstclass" ]

[ "United Methodist Church", "Methodism", "Methodist Church of Great Britain", "List of Christian denominational positions on homosexuality", "Protestantism", "Homosexuality and Methodism", "Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion", "Church of the Nazarene", "Episcopal Church (United States)", "Methodist Episcopal Church", "Christian theology", "Christianity", "Catholic Church", "Anglicanism", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches", "Church of God in Christ", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Wesleyan theology", "Evangelicalism", "Prussian Union of Churches", "History of Methodism in the United States", "Reformation", "History of religion in the United States", "Bishop", "Ecumenism", "LGBT rights in the United States", "Second Vatican Council", "Apostolic succession", "Lutheranism", "History of women in the United States", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Persecution of Christians", "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "Pope John Paul II", "Development communication", "René Vilatte", "Catholic Church sexual abuse cases", "Presbyterian Church (USA)", "History of Australia", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "John Wesley", "South African labour law", "Marriage", "Institutional racism", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "New Apostolic Church", "Ordination of women", "Pentecostalism", "Fornication", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Political positions of Mitt Romney", "Eucharist", "Religious views on masturbation", "Christian views on marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Women in Islam", "Southern Baptist Convention", "Seventh-day Adventist theology", "Church of England", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Millennials", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Holiness movement", "Eastern Orthodox Church", "Freedom of religion in Europe by country", "Christianity and homosexuality", "United Church of Christ", "History of Germany", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "Reconstruction era", "History of Missouri", "Civil rights movement", "Assemblies of God USA", "Pope Francis", "Christian culture", "Pope Pius XII", "History of Protestantism", "History of Christianity in the United States", "Christianity in the 21st century", "William M. 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{ "en": "In Europe, the North American theater of the Seven Years' War usually is not given a separate name. The entire international conflict is known as the Seven Years' War. \"Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war in 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America, where the fighting between the two colonial powers was largely concluded in six years, from the Battle of Jumonville Glen in 1754 to the capture of Montreal in 1760.", "hi": "यूरोप में, सात वर्षीय युद्ध के उत्तर अमेरिकी युद्ध क्षेत्र को आमतौर पर एक अलग नाम नहीं दिया जाता है। पूरे अंतरराष्ट्रीय संघर्ष को सात वर्षीय युद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता है। \"सात वर्षीय\" यूरोप में 1756 में युद्ध की आधिकारिक घोषणा से लेकर 1763 में शांति संधि पर हस्ताक्षर करने तक की घटनाओं को संदर्भित करता है। ये तारीखें उत्तरी अमेरिका मुख्य भूमि पर लड़ाई के साथ मेल नहीं खाती हैं, जहां दो औपनिवेशिक शक्तियों के बीच लड़ाई मोटे तौर पर छह साल में संपन्न हुई थी, 1754 में जुमोनविले ग्लेन के युद्ध से लेकर 1760 में मॉन्ट्रियल पर कब्जा करने तक।" }

{ "en": "What time framd does the Seven Years War cover?", "hi": "सात वर्षीय युद्ध को किस समय सीमा में समाविष्ट किया जाता है?" }

{ "en": [ "declaration of war in 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763" ], "hi": [ "1756 में युद्ध की आधिकारिक घोषणा से लेकर 1763 में शांति संधि पर हस्ताक्षर करने तक" ] }

{ "en": [ 228, 250, 250, 250, 215 ], "hi": [ 195 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Iran–Iraq War", "Acadia", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "History of Halifax, Nova Scotia", "History of Pittsburgh", "History of the Philippines", "First Opium War", "North American fur trade", "History of Massachusetts", "Nine Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Queen Anne's War", "History of Pennsylvania", "List of modern great powers", "Napoleonic Wars", "South African Border War", "Montreal campaign", "Maritime history of California", "American Civil War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of United States foreign policy", "Military deception", "France–United Kingdom relations", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "French Resistance", "Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet", "Northwest Indian War", "William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham", "British Empire", "Battle of Jumonville Glen", "Napoleon III", "History of Guatemala", "Saratoga campaign", "French colonial empire", "George Washington in the American Revolution", "Military career of George Washington", "Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula", "Military history of Australia", "Thirteen Colonies", "History of Lisbon", "Slavery in the United States", "Fédon's rebellion", "Louisiana", "History of women in the United States", "Latin America", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Age of Discovery", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Yom Kippur War", "French Directory", "Conquest of New France", "Haitian Revolution", "First Nations in Canada", "History of monarchy in Canada", "History of Kentucky", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "History of Palestine", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "Erwin Rommel", "Napoleon", "History of Poland", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Richard Montgomery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of Basilan", "Piracy", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "History of Israel", "Invasion of Quebec (1775)", "World War I", "History of Nigeria", "List of Sharpe series characters", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "Military history of South America", "Persecution of Christians", "Institutional racism", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "Thomas Gage", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Maritime history", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "History of Scotland", "American Indian Wars", "Charles George Gordon", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "1st Maine Cavalry Regiment", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Cold War", "Beaver Wars", "History of Gibraltar", "History of Paris", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Thomas Jefferson", "Reconstruction era", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Foreign relations of India", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Korean War", "Seneca people", "Midwestern United States", "History of Speyer", "Canada–United States relations", "Texas–Indian wars", "International relations (1648–1814)", "Greek War of Independence", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Louis XIV", "Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson", "Vichy France", "Spanish conquest of the Maya", "History of Canada (1763–1867)", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Louisiana (New France)", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "History of California", "Newfoundland and Labrador", "Douglas MacArthur", "Imperial Roman army", "Spanish–Moro conflict", "Paris in the 18th century", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Winston Churchill", "Military history of the United States", "Axis powers", "Black Canadians", "Vietnam War", "Soviet–Afghan War", "History of Tunisia", "Polish–Soviet War", "First Stadtholderless Period", "History of Spain", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "H. 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Kennedy", "Colony of Jamaica", "David Lloyd George", "Wabanaki Confederacy", "Military history of Japan", "African military systems before 1800", "John Mullan (road builder)", "Crusades", "British Army during the Napoleonic Wars", "Battle of Fort Oswego", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Fall of Outremer", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Magnus Stenbock", "War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Frederick the Great", "History of Russia", "History of the British Army", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Habsburg Spain", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Andrew Jackson", "Province of New York", "Haiti", "Algerian War", "First Sino-Japanese War", "Texas", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Colonial forces of Australia", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Southern Palestine offensive", "West Virginia", "Wartime sexual violence", "John Kendrick (American sea captain)", "Safavid Iran", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "North Carolina", "Byzantine navy", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Mississippi", "Colonial Nigeria", "History of Guyana", "Shawnee", "Slavery", "Northwest Territory", "Detroit", "German colonial empire", "Upstate New York", "John C. 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Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "Arkansas Territorial Militia", "Ethan Allen", "Hamas", "Weather of 2010", "Low Countries theatre of the War of the First Coalition", "England", "History of the Canadian Army", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Military history of France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "George III", "Waterways of West Virginia", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Lyndon B. 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Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Confederation period", "Adolf Hitler", "History of Kenya", "History of Peru", "Pennsylvania", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Rhodesia", "Ancient Rome", "Andrew Johnson", "Amin al-Husseini", "Bosnian War", "History of Carthage", "Forests Commission Victoria", "Indian termination policy", "Second Battle of the Jordan", "William McKinley", "Otto von Bismarck", "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Second French intervention in Mexico", "Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada", "Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", "Persecution of Muslims", "History of Michigan", "History of Honduras", "Kingdom of Greece", "Age of Enlightenment", "History of Thailand", "Kit Carson", "Habib Bourguiba", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "List of Babylon 5 characters", "Racism in the United States", "Canadian identity", "War of the Spanish Succession", "History of Tennessee", "Croatian War of Independence", "Air warfare of World War II", "History of Minnesota", "John C. 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{ "en": "In Europe, the North American theater of the Seven Years' War usually is not given a separate name. The entire international conflict is known as the Seven Years' War. \"Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war in 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America, where the fighting between the two colonial powers was largely concluded in six years, from the Battle of Jumonville Glen in 1754 to the capture of Montreal in 1760.", "hi": "यूरोप में, सात वर्षीय युद्ध के उत्तर अमेरिकी युद्ध क्षेत्र को आमतौर पर एक अलग नाम नहीं दिया जाता है। पूरे अंतरराष्ट्रीय संघर्ष को सात वर्षीय युद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता है। \"सात वर्षीय\" यूरोप में 1756 में युद्ध की आधिकारिक घोषणा से लेकर 1763 में शांति संधि पर हस्ताक्षर करने तक की घटनाओं को संदर्भित करता है। ये तारीखें उत्तरी अमेरिका मुख्य भूमि पर लड़ाई के साथ मेल नहीं खाती हैं, जहां दो औपनिवेशिक शक्तियों के बीच लड़ाई मोटे तौर पर छह साल में संपन्न हुई थी, 1754 में जुमोनविले ग्लेन के युद्ध से लेकर 1760 में मॉन्ट्रियल पर कब्जा करने तक।" }

{ "en": "How long did the fighting last in Seven Years War?", "hi": "सात वर्षीय युद्ध में लड़ाई कब तक चली?" }

{ "en": [ "six years" ], "hi": [ "छह साल" ] }

{ "en": [ 450, 450, 450, 450, 450 ], "hi": [ 432 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Iran–Iraq War", "Acadia", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Hugo W. 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{ "en": "In Europe, the North American theater of the Seven Years' War usually is not given a separate name. The entire international conflict is known as the Seven Years' War. \"Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war in 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America, where the fighting between the two colonial powers was largely concluded in six years, from the Battle of Jumonville Glen in 1754 to the capture of Montreal in 1760.", "hi": "यूरोप में, सात वर्षीय युद्ध के उत्तर अमेरिकी युद्ध क्षेत्र को आमतौर पर एक अलग नाम नहीं दिया जाता है। पूरे अंतरराष्ट्रीय संघर्ष को सात वर्षीय युद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता है। \"सात वर्षीय\" यूरोप में 1756 में युद्ध की आधिकारिक घोषणा से लेकर 1763 में शांति संधि पर हस्ताक्षर करने तक की घटनाओं को संदर्भित करता है। ये तारीखें उत्तरी अमेरिका मुख्य भूमि पर लड़ाई के साथ मेल नहीं खाती हैं, जहां दो औपनिवेशिक शक्तियों के बीच लड़ाई मोटे तौर पर छह साल में संपन्न हुई थी, 1754 में जुमोनविले ग्लेन के युद्ध से लेकर 1760 में मॉन्ट्रियल पर कब्जा करने तक।" }

{ "en": "When was Montreal captured?", "hi": "मॉन्ट्रियल पर कब्जा कब किया गया था?" }

{ "en": [ "1760" ], "hi": [ "1760" ] }

{ "en": [ 534, 534, 534, 534, 534 ], "hi": [ 500 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Iran–Iraq War", "Acadia", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "History of Halifax, Nova Scotia", "History of Pittsburgh", "History of the Philippines", "First Opium War", "North American fur trade", "History of Massachusetts", "Nine Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Queen Anne's War", "History of Pennsylvania", "List of modern great powers", "Napoleonic Wars", "South African Border War", "Montreal campaign", "Maritime history of California", "American Civil War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of United States foreign policy", "Military deception", "France–United Kingdom relations", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "French Resistance", "Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet", "Northwest Indian War", "William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham", "British Empire", "Battle of Jumonville Glen", "Napoleon III", "History of Guatemala", "Saratoga campaign", "French colonial empire", "George Washington in the American Revolution", "Military career of George Washington", "Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula", "Military history of Australia", "Thirteen Colonies", "History of Lisbon", "Slavery in the United States", "Fédon's rebellion", "Louisiana", "History of women in the United States", "Latin America", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Age of Discovery", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Yom Kippur War", "French Directory", "Conquest of New France", "Haitian Revolution", "First Nations in Canada", "History of monarchy in Canada", "History of Kentucky", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "History of Palestine", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "Erwin Rommel", "Napoleon", "History of Poland", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Richard Montgomery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of Basilan", "Piracy", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "History of Israel", "Invasion of Quebec (1775)", "World War I", "History of Nigeria", "List of Sharpe series characters", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "Military history of South America", "Persecution of Christians", "Institutional racism", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "Thomas Gage", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Maritime history", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "History of Scotland", "American Indian Wars", "Charles George Gordon", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "1st Maine Cavalry Regiment", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Cold War", "Beaver Wars", "History of Gibraltar", "History of Paris", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Thomas Jefferson", "Reconstruction era", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Foreign relations of India", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Korean War", "Seneca people", "Midwestern United States", "History of Speyer", "Canada–United States relations", "Texas–Indian wars", "International relations (1648–1814)", "Greek War of Independence", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Louis XIV", "Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson", "Vichy France", "Spanish conquest of the Maya", "History of Canada (1763–1867)", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Louisiana (New France)", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "History of California", "Newfoundland and Labrador", "Douglas MacArthur", "Imperial Roman army", "Spanish–Moro conflict", "Paris in the 18th century", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Winston Churchill", "Military history of the United States", "Axis powers", "Black Canadians", "Vietnam War", "Soviet–Afghan War", "History of Tunisia", "Polish–Soviet War", "First Stadtholderless Period", "History of Spain", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "H. H. Asquith", "Pacific War", "History of Cuba", "History of Cumbria", "History of Poles in the United States", "Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762)", "American imperialism", "James Madison", "African-American history", "Charles Scott (governor)", "Anglo-French War (1778–1783)", "France–United States relations", "John Adams", "The Maritimes", "Military history of Puerto Rico", "Military history of Myanmar", "Crimean War", "New York (state)", "Scotland in the early modern period", "History of Florida", "Compagnies franches de la marine", "Spanish Civil War", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Montreal", "Suez Crisis", "Battle of France", "Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "Miscegenation", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "History of Sierra Leone", "History of the United States government", "Dominican Republic", "Ion Antonescu", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Conquistador", "Battle of the Plains of Abraham", "Theodore Roosevelt", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1776–1801", "Louisiana Creole people", "New Orleans", "Tartan", "History of Taiwan", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Greco-Italian War", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Cherokee", "Military history of Australia during World War I", "7th Cavalry Regiment", "France", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Franco-Prussian War", "James Longstreet", "Sinai and Palestine campaign", "Crusader states", "History of socialism", "History of Paraguay", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Kuskusky", "Portugal", "Pemmican War", "History of New Brunswick", "History of Jamaica", "History of the Choctaw", "Gulf War", "History of South Carolina", "Sierra Leone", "Canada", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "Ohio", "Puerto Rico", "Spanish Texas", "History of Algeria", "Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399", "History of Texas", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Joseph Stalin", "History of the United States Navy", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "History of Europe", "Battle of Britain", "History of Transylvania", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "World War II", "History of Beijing", "Civil rights movement", "Economic history of France", "History of Maine", "North-West Mounted Police", "History of French foreign relations", "Virginia", "Papuan Infantry Battalion", "French Third Republic", "Benjamin Franklin", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "Spanish–American War", "Appomattox campaign", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Battles of Lexington and Concord", "Muscogee", "Leon Trotsky", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "War in Donbas", "James Wolfe", "Northern Michigan", "Spanish conquest of Petén", "Upper Canada", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "History of North Carolina", "Zhou Enlai", "Battle of Wagram", "British Army during the First World War", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "List of Army National Guard and active Regular Army units with colonial roots", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Italian Americans", "French Revolution", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of the Acadians", "Fidel Castro", "Liberation of France", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Indian Rebellion of 1857", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1801–1829", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Falklands War", "Lenape", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Jesuits", "Atlantic slave trade", "History of Lithuania", "Benito Mussolini", "Regency of Algiers", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Ancient Carthage", "Mamluk Sultanate", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "First Indochina War", "History of Arkansas", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Detribalization", "Patrick Henry", "Fort Ticonderoga", "Operation Market Garden", "Peninsular War", "Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "History of Belgium", "Chetniks", "Protohistory of West Virginia", "United States Marine Corps Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion", "Fort Carillon", "Enoch Powell", "Mexican Revolution", "Second Seminole War", "Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington", "War of the Pacific", "Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine", "Bermuda", "Iran–United States relations", "Timeline of United States military operations", "History of England", "History of Ghana", "History of Belfast", "Kingdom of Great Britain", "Australian Army during World War II", "Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties", "Classical Anatolia", "Europeans in Oceania", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War", "Militia", "History of Portugal", "History of Italy", "Yemen", "Frisian freedom", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Political history of France", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Pittsburgh", "Kokoda Track campaign", "History of Mexico", "Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle", "French Indochina", "Alexander Hamilton", "Alexander Spotswood", "Lumumba Government", "John F. Kennedy", "Colony of Jamaica", "David Lloyd George", "Wabanaki Confederacy", "Military history of Japan", "African military systems before 1800", "John Mullan (road builder)", "Crusades", "British Army during the Napoleonic Wars", "Battle of Fort Oswego", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Fall of Outremer", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Magnus Stenbock", "War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Frederick the Great", "History of Russia", "History of the British Army", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Habsburg Spain", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Andrew Jackson", "Province of New York", "Haiti", "Algerian War", "First Sino-Japanese War", "Texas", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Colonial forces of Australia", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Southern Palestine offensive", "West Virginia", "Wartime sexual violence", "John Kendrick (American sea captain)", "Safavid Iran", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "North Carolina", "Byzantine navy", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Mississippi", "Colonial Nigeria", "History of Guyana", "Shawnee", "Slavery", "Northwest Territory", "Detroit", "German colonial empire", "Upstate New York", "John C. Frémont", "Croat–Bosniak War", "Texas Revolution", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)", "Oregon Trail", "List of Fables characters", "History of California before 1900", "Samuel Brady", "Military history of Mexico", "Mi'kmaq", "Wars of the Roses", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Special Relationship", "Battle of Fort Beauséjour", "French colonization of the Americas", "Nigerian Civil War", "Military history of New Zealand", "Origins of the American Civil War", "British Raj", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "History of Malaysia", "Iloilo City", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Portuguese Empire", "Anglo-Saxons", "Early modern period", "History of United States prison systems", "Liao dynasty", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of Hungary", "Benedict Arnold", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Western theater of the American Revolutionary War", "Yorktown campaign", "Muslim conquests of Afghanistan", "Apartheid", "Adolphe Thiers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "First Russian circumnavigation", "History of Islam", "British Columbia", "History of Maryland", "History of Lebanon", "Portuguese Navy", "Plymouth Colony", "Miguel Enríquez (privateer)", "History of Bangladesh", "Italian invasion of France", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Military history of the Three Kingdoms", "White Africans of European ancestry", "Rock Machine MC criminal allegations and incidents", "Roanoke Colony", "Military history of Australia during World War II", "Srebrenica massacre", "Expansion of Macedonia under Philip II", "Russian Empire", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of the United States Merchant Marine", "Battle of the Little Bighorn", "Sri Lankan Civil War", "James K. Polk", "Industrial Revolution", "33rd Alabama Infantry Regiment", "History of Oklahoma", "History of opera", "Abraham Lincoln", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom", "Albert Kesselring", "James Monroe", "The Dresden Files characters", "History of Albania", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Kashmir conflict", "Robert McNamara", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Kingdom of Italy", "Italy", "Wolfram von Richthofen", "Irish Americans", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Charles de Gaulle", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Millennials", "Great Game", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "French Algeria", "German invasion of the Netherlands", "History of Alabama", "Indian independence movement", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "Iraq War", "Prince Edward Island", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1829–1861", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "History of Jersey", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "History of British Columbia", "Spanish conquest of Guatemala", "Japan–United States relations", "Charles III of Spain", "Economic history of Portugal", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "Battle of the Atlantic", "Southern United States", "Territorial era of Minnesota", "Emil Lewis Holmdahl", "New Mexico", "Technological and industrial history of Canada", "History of Wisconsin", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "1965 in the Vietnam War", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Canada convoy protest", "Troy H. Middleton", "Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "Fort King George", "Operation Sea Lion", "Michigan", "Winter War", "Robert Clive", "Penn's Creek massacre", "History of Toronto", "Vermont", "Operation Barbarossa", "Kingdom of Jerusalem", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Sioux", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Tennessee", "Sam Hughes", "Military history of Italy", "Robert Monckton", "Free France", "Paris Commune", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "The Spirit of the Age", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Late modern period", "Glossary of baseball terms", "George Mason", "European Union law", "Colonial Brazil", "New Brunswick", "Israel–United States relations", "Vladimir Putin", "Stamp Act 1765", "Jean Chrétien", "Alexander Suvorov", "Imperialism", "History of the United States Army", "Treaty of Versailles", "Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Blueberry (comics)", "Greece", "Reformation", "1562 Riots of Toulouse", "René Vilatte", "Early American publishers and printers", "Paul Kruger", "Late Roman army", "Voyage of the Brooklyn Saints", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "China–United States relations", "Roman Republic", "George S. Patton", "History of Denmark", "Union Army", "Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa", "Ottoman Empire", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "Gerd von Rundstedt", "Guadalcanal campaign", "Anthony Wayne", "Pierre Trudeau", "Battle of Waterloo", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "History of Fiji", "History of the Jews in Poland", "History of Morocco", "Qing dynasty", "George B. McClellan", "Spanish conquest of Yucatán", "Prince Eugene of Savoy", "History of Connecticut", "Interracial marriage", "French invasion of Russia", "Missouri River", "History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant", "German resistance to Nazism", "History of Sikhism", "Political history of the world", "War of Jenkins' Ear", "German Americans", "France in the long nineteenth century", "Thirty Years' War", "German Empire", "Georges Bonnet", "North America", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Henry Hastings Sibley", "Battle of Ticonderoga (1759)", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Mercenary", "Ohio River", "History of Louisiana", "Allies of World War II", "Aircraft in fiction", "Franco-Dutch War", "Paraguayan War", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "John, King of England", "Latin America–United States relations", "1st Cavalry Regiment (United States)", "Mao Zedong", "Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Israel", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Battle of the Bulge", "Historikerstreit", "Roman infantry tactics", "Third Silesian War", "Michael Heseltine", "East African campaign (World War II)", "Third Battle of Petersburg", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Anne de Joyeuse", "Nova Scotia", "Nazi Germany", "François-Marie Picoté de Belestre", "Sino-French War", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Havana", "Bulgaria during World War I", "Tet Offensive", "Campaign history of the Roman military", "History of Málaga", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "Eastern theater of the American Civil War", "Che Guevara", "Soviet Union", "Dummer's War", "List of Merlin characters", "Fiji", "Crawford expedition", "John C. Breckinridge", "Charles Lindbergh", "South African labour law", "Privateer", "Edmund Burke", "Strategic bombing during World War II", "French campaign in Egypt and Syria", "History of the United States (1776–1789)", "Colony of Virginia", "Francisco Franco", "Dakota War of 1862", "Somaliland War of Independence", "List of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Pas-de-Calais", "Turkey–United States relations", "Western Front tactics, 1917", "Battle of Stalingrad", "Development communication", "History of Ireland", "German invasion of Greece", "Comanche history", "Cossacks", "History of Alberta", "Battle of Monmouth", "Annexation of Goa", "Florida", "Operation Badr (1973)", "Great Siege of Gibraltar", "Ontario", "Robert Morris (financier)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "Winfield Scott", "Operation Searchlight", "History of Bermuda", "Benazir Bhutto", "Indira Gandhi", "Huguenots", "Overland Campaign", "Indiana", "Japanese war crimes", "Fish for finance", "History of the Special Air Service", "New Order (Nazism)", "History of Somalia", "History of Iran", "History of Vietnam", "History of Philadelphia", "Jean-Louis Le Loutre", "List of The Shield characters", "Angolan Civil War", "Battle of the Nile", "History of Springfield, Massachusetts", "New Deal", "History of the Royal Australian Navy", "Monarchy of Canada and the Indigenous peoples of Canada", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "Arkansas Territorial Militia", "Ethan Allen", "Hamas", "Weather of 2010", "Low Countries theatre of the War of the First Coalition", "England", "History of the Canadian Army", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Military history of France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "George III", "Waterways of West Virginia", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Lyndon B. Johnson", "History of the Falkland Islands", "Charles Townshend (British Army officer)", "São Paulo Revolt of 1924", "Free Syrian Army", "Canada in World War II", "Battle of Jutland", "Vilnius", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "History of West Virginia", "Henry II of England", "Kingdom of Galicia", "Sino-Indian War", "English Civil War", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Cherbourg", "Boxer Rebellion", "Nazi racial theories", "Sasanian Empire", "3rd Cavalry Regiment (United States)", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Fascism and ideology", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Saint-Domingue", "Battle of Long Tan", "Battle of Flers–Courcelette", "Black Hawk War", "History of India", "Middle Ages", "Empire", "Artúr Görgei", "History of the Song dynasty", "Métis", "Gallipoli campaign", "Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)", "Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst", "History of Chechnya", "Life of Charles Townshend (British Army officer)", "History of American newspapers", "John Tyler", "Scotland", "England in the Late Middle Ages", "Uganda–Tanzania War", "German invasion of Belgium (1940)", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Farouk of Egypt", "Gregor MacGregor", "Arkansas Militia in the Civil War", "Bay of Pigs Invasion", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Kosovo War", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "British Army during the Second World War", "Slavery in the colonial history of the United States", "Cornwallis in North America", "Steele dossier", "History of New Orleans", "Thomas Pownall", "Role of Douglas Haig in 1918", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "Tecumseh", "History of Mongolia", "History of New Mexico", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Confederation period", "Adolf Hitler", "History of Kenya", "History of Peru", "Pennsylvania", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Rhodesia", "Ancient Rome", "Andrew Johnson", "Amin al-Husseini", "Bosnian War", "History of Carthage", "Forests Commission Victoria", "Indian termination policy", "Second Battle of the Jordan", "William McKinley", "Otto von Bismarck", "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Second French intervention in Mexico", "Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada", "Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", "Persecution of Muslims", "History of Michigan", "History of Honduras", "Kingdom of Greece", "Age of Enlightenment", "History of Thailand", "Kit Carson", "Habib Bourguiba", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "List of Babylon 5 characters", "Racism in the United States", "Canadian identity", "War of the Spanish Succession", "History of Tennessee", "Croatian War of Independence", "Air warfare of World War II", "History of Minnesota", "John C. Calhoun", "William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe", "American cuisine", "Hudson's Bay Company", "Mau Mau rebellion", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "George Armstrong Custer", "History of Vermont", "Southern Rhodesia in World War I", "Danzig crisis", "Peter Chartier", "Xhosa Wars", "Somalia", "History of the Assyrians", "Chinese spring offensive", "History of Mexico City", "Harold Macmillan", "Laotian Civil War", "League of Nations", "Cherokee military history", "Robert F. Kennedy", "Chiapas", "Wake Island", "Landing Craft Assault", "July Crisis", "Samuel Adams", "Responsibility for the Russo-Georgian War", "Harry S. 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{ "en": "In Europe, the North American theater of the Seven Years' War usually is not given a separate name. The entire international conflict is known as the Seven Years' War. \"Seven Years\" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war in 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America, where the fighting between the two colonial powers was largely concluded in six years, from the Battle of Jumonville Glen in 1754 to the capture of Montreal in 1760.", "hi": "यूरोप में, सात वर्षीय युद्ध के उत्तर अमेरिकी युद्ध क्षेत्र को आमतौर पर एक अलग नाम नहीं दिया जाता है। पूरे अंतरराष्ट्रीय संघर्ष को सात वर्षीय युद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता है। \"सात वर्षीय\" यूरोप में 1756 में युद्ध की आधिकारिक घोषणा से लेकर 1763 में शांति संधि पर हस्ताक्षर करने तक की घटनाओं को संदर्भित करता है। ये तारीखें उत्तरी अमेरिका मुख्य भूमि पर लड़ाई के साथ मेल नहीं खाती हैं, जहां दो औपनिवेशिक शक्तियों के बीच लड़ाई मोटे तौर पर छह साल में संपन्न हुई थी, 1754 में जुमोनविले ग्लेन के युद्ध से लेकर 1760 में मॉन्ट्रियल पर कब्जा करने तक।" }

{ "en": "What was first battle in 1754?", "hi": "1754 में पहली लड़ाई क्या थी?" }

{ "en": [ "Battle of Jumonville Glen" ], "hi": [ "जुमोनविले ग्लेन के युद्ध" ] }

{ "en": [ 470, 470, 480, 470, 470 ], "hi": [ 467 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Iran–Iraq War", "Acadia", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "History of Halifax, Nova Scotia", "History of Pittsburgh", "History of the Philippines", "First Opium War", "North American fur trade", "History of Massachusetts", "Nine Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Queen Anne's War", "History of Pennsylvania", "List of modern great powers", "Napoleonic Wars", "South African Border War", "Montreal campaign", "Maritime history of California", "American Civil War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of United States foreign policy", "Military deception", "France–United Kingdom relations", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "French Resistance", "Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet", "Northwest Indian War", "William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham", "British Empire", "Battle of Jumonville Glen", "Napoleon III", "History of Guatemala", "Saratoga campaign", "French colonial empire", "George Washington in the American Revolution", "Military career of George Washington", "Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula", "Military history of Australia", "Thirteen Colonies", "History of Lisbon", "Slavery in the United States", "Fédon's rebellion", "Louisiana", "History of women in the United States", "Latin America", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Age of Discovery", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Yom Kippur War", "French Directory", "Conquest of New France", "Haitian Revolution", "First Nations in Canada", "History of monarchy in Canada", "History of Kentucky", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "History of Palestine", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "Erwin Rommel", "Napoleon", "History of Poland", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Richard Montgomery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of Basilan", "Piracy", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "History of Israel", "Invasion of Quebec (1775)", "World War I", "History of Nigeria", "List of Sharpe series characters", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "Military history of South America", "Persecution of Christians", "Institutional racism", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "Thomas Gage", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Maritime history", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "History of Scotland", "American Indian Wars", "Charles George Gordon", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "1st Maine Cavalry Regiment", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Cold War", "Beaver Wars", "History of Gibraltar", "History of Paris", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Thomas Jefferson", "Reconstruction era", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Foreign relations of India", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Korean War", "Seneca people", "Midwestern United States", "History of Speyer", "Canada–United States relations", "Texas–Indian wars", "International relations (1648–1814)", "Greek War of Independence", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Louis XIV", "Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson", "Vichy France", "Spanish conquest of the Maya", "History of Canada (1763–1867)", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Louisiana (New France)", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "History of California", "Newfoundland and Labrador", "Douglas MacArthur", "Imperial Roman army", "Spanish–Moro conflict", "Paris in the 18th century", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Winston Churchill", "Military history of the United States", "Axis powers", "Black Canadians", "Vietnam War", "Soviet–Afghan War", "History of Tunisia", "Polish–Soviet War", "First Stadtholderless Period", "History of Spain", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "H. 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Roosevelt administration", "Falklands War", "Lenape", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Jesuits", "Atlantic slave trade", "History of Lithuania", "Benito Mussolini", "Regency of Algiers", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Ancient Carthage", "Mamluk Sultanate", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "First Indochina War", "History of Arkansas", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Detribalization", "Patrick Henry", "Fort Ticonderoga", "Operation Market Garden", "Peninsular War", "Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "History of Belgium", "Chetniks", "Protohistory of West Virginia", "United States Marine Corps Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion", "Fort Carillon", "Enoch Powell", "Mexican Revolution", "Second Seminole War", "Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington", "War of the Pacific", "Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine", "Bermuda", "Iran–United States relations", "Timeline of United States military operations", "History of England", "History of Ghana", "History of Belfast", "Kingdom of Great Britain", "Australian Army during World War II", "Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties", "Classical Anatolia", "Europeans in Oceania", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War", "Militia", "History of Portugal", "History of Italy", "Yemen", "Frisian freedom", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Political history of France", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Pittsburgh", "Kokoda Track campaign", "History of Mexico", "Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle", "French Indochina", "Alexander Hamilton", "Alexander Spotswood", "Lumumba Government", "John F. Kennedy", "Colony of Jamaica", "David Lloyd George", "Wabanaki Confederacy", "Military history of Japan", "African military systems before 1800", "John Mullan (road builder)", "Crusades", "British Army during the Napoleonic Wars", "Battle of Fort Oswego", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Fall of Outremer", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Magnus Stenbock", "War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Frederick the Great", "History of Russia", "History of the British Army", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Habsburg Spain", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Andrew Jackson", "Province of New York", "Haiti", "Algerian War", "First Sino-Japanese War", "Texas", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Colonial forces of Australia", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Southern Palestine offensive", "West Virginia", "Wartime sexual violence", "John Kendrick (American sea captain)", "Safavid Iran", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "North Carolina", "Byzantine navy", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Mississippi", "Colonial Nigeria", "History of Guyana", "Shawnee", "Slavery", "Northwest Territory", "Detroit", "German colonial empire", "Upstate New York", "John C. 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Polk", "Industrial Revolution", "33rd Alabama Infantry Regiment", "History of Oklahoma", "History of opera", "Abraham Lincoln", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom", "Albert Kesselring", "James Monroe", "The Dresden Files characters", "History of Albania", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Kashmir conflict", "Robert McNamara", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Kingdom of Italy", "Italy", "Wolfram von Richthofen", "Irish Americans", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Charles de Gaulle", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Millennials", "Great Game", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "French Algeria", "German invasion of the Netherlands", "History of Alabama", "Indian independence movement", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "Iraq War", "Prince Edward Island", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1829–1861", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "History of Jersey", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "History of British Columbia", "Spanish conquest of Guatemala", "Japan–United States relations", "Charles III of Spain", "Economic history of Portugal", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "Battle of the Atlantic", "Southern United States", "Territorial era of Minnesota", "Emil Lewis Holmdahl", "New Mexico", "Technological and industrial history of Canada", "History of Wisconsin", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "1965 in the Vietnam War", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Canada convoy protest", "Troy H. 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{ "en": "British settlers outnumbered the French 20 to 1 with a population of about 1.5 million ranged along the eastern coast of the continent, from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in the north, to Georgia in the south. Many of the older colonies had land claims that extended arbitrarily far to the west, as the extent of the continent was unknown at the time their provincial charters were granted. While their population centers were along the coast, the settlements were growing into the interior. Nova Scotia, which had been captured from France in 1713, still had a significant French-speaking population. Britain also claimed Rupert's Land, where the Hudson's Bay Company traded for furs with local tribes.", "hi": "ब्रिटिश उपनिवेशियों ने फ्रांसीसियों को 1 के मुक़ाबले 20 की लगभग 1.5 मिलियन की आबादी के साथ पीछे छोड़ते हुए महाद्वीप के पूर्वी तट के साथ उत्तर के नोवा स्कोटिया और न्यूफ़ाउंडलैंड से लेकर, दक्षिण में जॉर्जिया तक फैलाया। पुराने उपनिवेशों में से कई के पास भूमि के दावे थे जो मनमाने ढंग से पश्चिम तक विस्तारित थे, क्योंकि जब उनके प्रांतीय चार्टर्स को अनुमति दी गई थी तब महाद्वीप की सीमा अज्ञात थी। जबकि उनके जनसंख्या केंद्र तट के साथ थे, बस्तियां आंतरिक इलाकों में बढ़ रही थीं। नोवा स्कोटिया, जो 1713 में फ्रांस से कब्जा कर लिया गया था, में अभी भी फ्रेंच बोलने वाली एक महत्वपूर्ण आबादी थी। ब्रिटेन ने रूपर्ट की भूमि पर भी दावा किया, जहां हडसन की बे कंपनी ने स्थानीय जनजातियों के साथ फर के लिए कारोबार किया।" }

{ "en": "What was the ratio of British settler to French?", "hi": "फ्रेंच के मुक़ाबले ब्रिटिश उपनिवेशियों का अनुपात क्या था?" }

{ "en": [ "20 to 1" ], "hi": [ "1 के मुक़ाबले 20" ] }

{ "en": [ 40, 40, 40, 40, 40 ], "hi": [ 39 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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{ "en": "British settlers outnumbered the French 20 to 1 with a population of about 1.5 million ranged along the eastern coast of the continent, from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in the north, to Georgia in the south. Many of the older colonies had land claims that extended arbitrarily far to the west, as the extent of the continent was unknown at the time their provincial charters were granted. While their population centers were along the coast, the settlements were growing into the interior. Nova Scotia, which had been captured from France in 1713, still had a significant French-speaking population. Britain also claimed Rupert's Land, where the Hudson's Bay Company traded for furs with local tribes.", "hi": "ब्रिटिश उपनिवेशियों ने फ्रांसीसियों को 1 के मुक़ाबले 20 की लगभग 1.5 मिलियन की आबादी के साथ पीछे छोड़ते हुए महाद्वीप के पूर्वी तट के साथ उत्तर के नोवा स्कोटिया और न्यूफ़ाउंडलैंड से लेकर, दक्षिण में जॉर्जिया तक फैलाया। पुराने उपनिवेशों में से कई के पास भूमि के दावे थे जो मनमाने ढंग से पश्चिम तक विस्तारित थे, क्योंकि जब उनके प्रांतीय चार्टर्स को अनुमति दी गई थी तब महाद्वीप की सीमा अज्ञात थी। जबकि उनके जनसंख्या केंद्र तट के साथ थे, बस्तियां आंतरिक इलाकों में बढ़ रही थीं। नोवा स्कोटिया, जो 1713 में फ्रांस से कब्जा कर लिया गया था, में अभी भी फ्रेंच बोलने वाली एक महत्वपूर्ण आबादी थी। ब्रिटेन ने रूपर्ट की भूमि पर भी दावा किया, जहां हडसन की बे कंपनी ने स्थानीय जनजातियों के साथ फर के लिए कारोबार किया।" }

{ "en": "Where did British settlers live?", "hi": "ब्रिटिश उपनिवेशी कहाँ रहते थे?" }

{ "en": [ "from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in the north, to Georgia in the south" ], "hi": [ "उत्तर के नोवा स्कोटिया और न्यूफ़ाउंडलैंड से लेकर, दक्षिण में जॉर्जिया तक" ] }

{ "en": [ 136, 104, 104, 104, 136 ], "hi": [ 135 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. 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{ "en": "British settlers outnumbered the French 20 to 1 with a population of about 1.5 million ranged along the eastern coast of the continent, from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in the north, to Georgia in the south. Many of the older colonies had land claims that extended arbitrarily far to the west, as the extent of the continent was unknown at the time their provincial charters were granted. While their population centers were along the coast, the settlements were growing into the interior. Nova Scotia, which had been captured from France in 1713, still had a significant French-speaking population. Britain also claimed Rupert's Land, where the Hudson's Bay Company traded for furs with local tribes.", "hi": "ब्रिटिश उपनिवेशियों ने फ्रांसीसियों को 1 के मुक़ाबले 20 की लगभग 1.5 मिलियन की आबादी के साथ पीछे छोड़ते हुए महाद्वीप के पूर्वी तट के साथ उत्तर के नोवा स्कोटिया और न्यूफ़ाउंडलैंड से लेकर, दक्षिण में जॉर्जिया तक फैलाया। पुराने उपनिवेशों में से कई के पास भूमि के दावे थे जो मनमाने ढंग से पश्चिम तक विस्तारित थे, क्योंकि जब उनके प्रांतीय चार्टर्स को अनुमति दी गई थी तब महाद्वीप की सीमा अज्ञात थी। जबकि उनके जनसंख्या केंद्र तट के साथ थे, बस्तियां आंतरिक इलाकों में बढ़ रही थीं। नोवा स्कोटिया, जो 1713 में फ्रांस से कब्जा कर लिया गया था, में अभी भी फ्रेंच बोलने वाली एक महत्वपूर्ण आबादी थी। ब्रिटेन ने रूपर्ट की भूमि पर भी दावा किया, जहां हडसन की बे कंपनी ने स्थानीय जनजातियों के साथ फर के लिए कारोबार किया।" }

{ "en": "Where were populations centered in colonies?", "hi": "कॉलोनियों में आबादी कहाँ केंद्रित थी?" }

{ "en": [ "along the coast, the settlements were growing into the interior" ], "hi": [ "तट के साथ" ] }

{ "en": [ 426, 426, 426, 426, 426 ], "hi": [ 418 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Iran–Iraq War", "Acadia", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "History of Halifax, Nova Scotia", "History of Pittsburgh", "History of the Philippines", "First Opium War", "North American fur trade", "History of Massachusetts", "Nine Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Queen Anne's War", "History of Pennsylvania", "List of modern great powers", "Napoleonic Wars", "South African Border War", "Montreal campaign", "Maritime history of California", "American Civil War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of United States foreign policy", "Military deception", "France–United Kingdom relations", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "French Resistance", "Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet", "Northwest Indian War", "William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham", "British Empire", "Battle of Jumonville Glen", "Napoleon III", "History of Guatemala", "Saratoga campaign", "French colonial empire", "George Washington in the American Revolution", "Military career of George Washington", "Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula", "Military history of Australia", "Thirteen Colonies", "History of Lisbon", "Slavery in the United States", "Fédon's rebellion", "Louisiana", "History of women in the United States", "Latin America", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Age of Discovery", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Yom Kippur War", "French Directory", "Conquest of New France", "Haitian Revolution", "First Nations in Canada", "History of monarchy in Canada", "History of Kentucky", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "History of Palestine", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "Erwin Rommel", "Napoleon", "History of Poland", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Richard Montgomery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of Basilan", "Piracy", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "History of Israel", "Invasion of Quebec (1775)", "World War I", "History of Nigeria", "List of Sharpe series characters", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "Military history of South America", "Persecution of Christians", "Institutional racism", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "Thomas Gage", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Maritime history", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "History of Scotland", "American Indian Wars", "Charles George Gordon", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "1st Maine Cavalry Regiment", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Cold War", "Beaver Wars", "History of Gibraltar", "History of Paris", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Thomas Jefferson", "Reconstruction era", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Foreign relations of India", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Korean War", "Seneca people", "Midwestern United States", "History of Speyer", "Canada–United States relations", "Texas–Indian wars", "International relations (1648–1814)", "Greek War of Independence", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Louis XIV", "Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson", "Vichy France", "Spanish conquest of the Maya", "History of Canada (1763–1867)", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Louisiana (New France)", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "History of California", "Newfoundland and Labrador", "Douglas MacArthur", "Imperial Roman army", "Spanish–Moro conflict", "Paris in the 18th century", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Winston Churchill", "Military history of the United States", "Axis powers", "Black Canadians", "Vietnam War", "Soviet–Afghan War", "History of Tunisia", "Polish–Soviet War", "First Stadtholderless Period", "History of Spain", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "H. H. Asquith", "Pacific War", "History of Cuba", "History of Cumbria", "History of Poles in the United States", "Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762)", "American imperialism", "James Madison", "African-American history", "Charles Scott (governor)", "Anglo-French War (1778–1783)", "France–United States relations", "John Adams", "The Maritimes", "Military history of Puerto Rico", "Military history of Myanmar", "Crimean War", "New York (state)", "Scotland in the early modern period", "History of Florida", "Compagnies franches de la marine", "Spanish Civil War", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Montreal", "Suez Crisis", "Battle of France", "Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "Miscegenation", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "History of Sierra Leone", "History of the United States government", "Dominican Republic", "Ion Antonescu", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Conquistador", "Battle of the Plains of Abraham", "Theodore Roosevelt", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1776–1801", "Louisiana Creole people", "New Orleans", "Tartan", "History of Taiwan", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Greco-Italian War", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Cherokee", "Military history of Australia during World War I", "7th Cavalry Regiment", "France", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Franco-Prussian War", "James Longstreet", "Sinai and Palestine campaign", "Crusader states", "History of socialism", "History of Paraguay", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Kuskusky", "Portugal", "Pemmican War", "History of New Brunswick", "History of Jamaica", "History of the Choctaw", "Gulf War", "History of South Carolina", "Sierra Leone", "Canada", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "Ohio", "Puerto Rico", "Spanish Texas", "History of Algeria", "Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399", "History of Texas", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Joseph Stalin", "History of the United States Navy", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "History of Europe", "Battle of Britain", "History of Transylvania", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "World War II", "History of Beijing", "Civil rights movement", "Economic history of France", "History of Maine", "North-West Mounted Police", "History of French foreign relations", "Virginia", "Papuan Infantry Battalion", "French Third Republic", "Benjamin Franklin", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "Spanish–American War", "Appomattox campaign", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Battles of Lexington and Concord", "Muscogee", "Leon Trotsky", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "War in Donbas", "James Wolfe", "Northern Michigan", "Spanish conquest of Petén", "Upper Canada", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "History of North Carolina", "Zhou Enlai", "Battle of Wagram", "British Army during the First World War", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "List of Army National Guard and active Regular Army units with colonial roots", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Italian Americans", "French Revolution", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of the Acadians", "Fidel Castro", "Liberation of France", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Indian Rebellion of 1857", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1801–1829", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Falklands War", "Lenape", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Jesuits", "Atlantic slave trade", "History of Lithuania", "Benito Mussolini", "Regency of Algiers", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Ancient Carthage", "Mamluk Sultanate", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "First Indochina War", "History of Arkansas", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Detribalization", "Patrick Henry", "Fort Ticonderoga", "Operation Market Garden", "Peninsular War", "Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "History of Belgium", "Chetniks", "Protohistory of West Virginia", "United States Marine Corps Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion", "Fort Carillon", "Enoch Powell", "Mexican Revolution", "Second Seminole War", "Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington", "War of the Pacific", "Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine", "Bermuda", "Iran–United States relations", "Timeline of United States military operations", "History of England", "History of Ghana", "History of Belfast", "Kingdom of Great Britain", "Australian Army during World War II", "Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties", "Classical Anatolia", "Europeans in Oceania", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War", "Militia", "History of Portugal", "History of Italy", "Yemen", "Frisian freedom", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Political history of France", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Pittsburgh", "Kokoda Track campaign", "History of Mexico", "Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle", "French Indochina", "Alexander Hamilton", "Alexander Spotswood", "Lumumba Government", "John F. Kennedy", "Colony of Jamaica", "David Lloyd George", "Wabanaki Confederacy", "Military history of Japan", "African military systems before 1800", "John Mullan (road builder)", "Crusades", "British Army during the Napoleonic Wars", "Battle of Fort Oswego", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Fall of Outremer", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Magnus Stenbock", "War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Frederick the Great", "History of Russia", "History of the British Army", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Habsburg Spain", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Andrew Jackson", "Province of New York", "Haiti", "Algerian War", "First Sino-Japanese War", "Texas", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Colonial forces of Australia", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Southern Palestine offensive", "West Virginia", "Wartime sexual violence", "John Kendrick (American sea captain)", "Safavid Iran", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "North Carolina", "Byzantine navy", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Mississippi", "Colonial Nigeria", "History of Guyana", "Shawnee", "Slavery", "Northwest Territory", "Detroit", "German colonial empire", "Upstate New York", "John C. Frémont", "Croat–Bosniak War", "Texas Revolution", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)", "Oregon Trail", "List of Fables characters", "History of California before 1900", "Samuel Brady", "Military history of Mexico", "Mi'kmaq", "Wars of the Roses", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Special Relationship", "Battle of Fort Beauséjour", "French colonization of the Americas", "Nigerian Civil War", "Military history of New Zealand", "Origins of the American Civil War", "British Raj", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "History of Malaysia", "Iloilo City", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Portuguese Empire", "Anglo-Saxons", "Early modern period", "History of United States prison systems", "Liao dynasty", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of Hungary", "Benedict Arnold", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Western theater of the American Revolutionary War", "Yorktown campaign", "Muslim conquests of Afghanistan", "Apartheid", "Adolphe Thiers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "First Russian circumnavigation", "History of Islam", "British Columbia", "History of Maryland", "History of Lebanon", "Portuguese Navy", "Plymouth Colony", "Miguel Enríquez (privateer)", "History of Bangladesh", "Italian invasion of France", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Military history of the Three Kingdoms", "White Africans of European ancestry", "Rock Machine MC criminal allegations and incidents", "Roanoke Colony", "Military history of Australia during World War II", "Srebrenica massacre", "Expansion of Macedonia under Philip II", "Russian Empire", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of the United States Merchant Marine", "Battle of the Little Bighorn", "Sri Lankan Civil War", "James K. Polk", "Industrial Revolution", "33rd Alabama Infantry Regiment", "History of Oklahoma", "History of opera", "Abraham Lincoln", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom", "Albert Kesselring", "James Monroe", "The Dresden Files characters", "History of Albania", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Kashmir conflict", "Robert McNamara", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Kingdom of Italy", "Italy", "Wolfram von Richthofen", "Irish Americans", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Charles de Gaulle", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Millennials", "Great Game", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "French Algeria", "German invasion of the Netherlands", "History of Alabama", "Indian independence movement", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "Iraq War", "Prince Edward Island", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1829–1861", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "History of Jersey", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "History of British Columbia", "Spanish conquest of Guatemala", "Japan–United States relations", "Charles III of Spain", "Economic history of Portugal", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "Battle of the Atlantic", "Southern United States", "Territorial era of Minnesota", "Emil Lewis Holmdahl", "New Mexico", "Technological and industrial history of Canada", "History of Wisconsin", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "1965 in the Vietnam War", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Canada convoy protest", "Troy H. Middleton", "Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "Fort King George", "Operation Sea Lion", "Michigan", "Winter War", "Robert Clive", "Penn's Creek massacre", "History of Toronto", "Vermont", "Operation Barbarossa", "Kingdom of Jerusalem", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Sioux", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Tennessee", "Sam Hughes", "Military history of Italy", "Robert Monckton", "Free France", "Paris Commune", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "The Spirit of the Age", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Late modern period", "Glossary of baseball terms", "George Mason", "European Union law", "Colonial Brazil", "New Brunswick", "Israel–United States relations", "Vladimir Putin", "Stamp Act 1765", "Jean Chrétien", "Alexander Suvorov", "Imperialism", "History of the United States Army", "Treaty of Versailles", "Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Blueberry (comics)", "Greece", "Reformation", "1562 Riots of Toulouse", "René Vilatte", "Early American publishers and printers", "Paul Kruger", "Late Roman army", "Voyage of the Brooklyn Saints", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "China–United States relations", "Roman Republic", "George S. Patton", "History of Denmark", "Union Army", "Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa", "Ottoman Empire", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "Gerd von Rundstedt", "Guadalcanal campaign", "Anthony Wayne", "Pierre Trudeau", "Battle of Waterloo", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "History of Fiji", "History of the Jews in Poland", "History of Morocco", "Qing dynasty", "George B. McClellan", "Spanish conquest of Yucatán", "Prince Eugene of Savoy", "History of Connecticut", "Interracial marriage", "French invasion of Russia", "Missouri River", "History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant", "German resistance to Nazism", "History of Sikhism", "Political history of the world", "War of Jenkins' Ear", "German Americans", "France in the long nineteenth century", "Thirty Years' War", "German Empire", "Georges Bonnet", "North America", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Henry Hastings Sibley", "Battle of Ticonderoga (1759)", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Mercenary", "Ohio River", "History of Louisiana", "Allies of World War II", "Aircraft in fiction", "Franco-Dutch War", "Paraguayan War", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "John, King of England", "Latin America–United States relations", "1st Cavalry Regiment (United States)", "Mao Zedong", "Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Israel", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Battle of the Bulge", "Historikerstreit", "Roman infantry tactics", "Third Silesian War", "Michael Heseltine", "East African campaign (World War II)", "Third Battle of Petersburg", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Anne de Joyeuse", "Nova Scotia", "Nazi Germany", "François-Marie Picoté de Belestre", "Sino-French War", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Havana", "Bulgaria during World War I", "Tet Offensive", "Campaign history of the Roman military", "History of Málaga", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "Eastern theater of the American Civil War", "Che Guevara", "Soviet Union", "Dummer's War", "List of Merlin characters", "Fiji", "Crawford expedition", "John C. Breckinridge", "Charles Lindbergh", "South African labour law", "Privateer", "Edmund Burke", "Strategic bombing during World War II", "French campaign in Egypt and Syria", "History of the United States (1776–1789)", "Colony of Virginia", "Francisco Franco", "Dakota War of 1862", "Somaliland War of Independence", "List of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Pas-de-Calais", "Turkey–United States relations", "Western Front tactics, 1917", "Battle of Stalingrad", "Development communication", "History of Ireland", "German invasion of Greece", "Comanche history", "Cossacks", "History of Alberta", "Battle of Monmouth", "Annexation of Goa", "Florida", "Operation Badr (1973)", "Great Siege of Gibraltar", "Ontario", "Robert Morris (financier)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "Winfield Scott", "Operation Searchlight", "History of Bermuda", "Benazir Bhutto", "Indira Gandhi", "Huguenots", "Overland Campaign", "Indiana", "Japanese war crimes", "Fish for finance", "History of the Special Air Service", "New Order (Nazism)", "History of Somalia", "History of Iran", "History of Vietnam", "History of Philadelphia", "Jean-Louis Le Loutre", "List of The Shield characters", "Angolan Civil War", "Battle of the Nile", "History of Springfield, Massachusetts", "New Deal", "History of the Royal Australian Navy", "Monarchy of Canada and the Indigenous peoples of Canada", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "Arkansas Territorial Militia", "Ethan Allen", "Hamas", "Weather of 2010", "Low Countries theatre of the War of the First Coalition", "England", "History of the Canadian Army", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Military history of France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "George III", "Waterways of West Virginia", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Lyndon B. Johnson", "History of the Falkland Islands", "Charles Townshend (British Army officer)", "São Paulo Revolt of 1924", "Free Syrian Army", "Canada in World War II", "Battle of Jutland", "Vilnius", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "History of West Virginia", "Henry II of England", "Kingdom of Galicia", "Sino-Indian War", "English Civil War", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Cherbourg", "Boxer Rebellion", "Nazi racial theories", "Sasanian Empire", "3rd Cavalry Regiment (United States)", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Fascism and ideology", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Saint-Domingue", "Battle of Long Tan", "Battle of Flers–Courcelette", "Black Hawk War", "History of India", "Middle Ages", "Empire", "Artúr Görgei", "History of the Song dynasty", "Métis", "Gallipoli campaign", "Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)", "Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst", "History of Chechnya", "Life of Charles Townshend (British Army officer)", "History of American newspapers", "John Tyler", "Scotland", "England in the Late Middle Ages", "Uganda–Tanzania War", "German invasion of Belgium (1940)", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Farouk of Egypt", "Gregor MacGregor", "Arkansas Militia in the Civil War", "Bay of Pigs Invasion", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Kosovo War", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "British Army during the Second World War", "Slavery in the colonial history of the United States", "Cornwallis in North America", "Steele dossier", "History of New Orleans", "Thomas Pownall", "Role of Douglas Haig in 1918", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "Tecumseh", "History of Mongolia", "History of New Mexico", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Confederation period", "Adolf Hitler", "History of Kenya", "History of Peru", "Pennsylvania", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Rhodesia", "Ancient Rome", "Andrew Johnson", "Amin al-Husseini", "Bosnian War", "History of Carthage", "Forests Commission Victoria", "Indian termination policy", "Second Battle of the Jordan", "William McKinley", "Otto von Bismarck", "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Second French intervention in Mexico", "Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada", "Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", "Persecution of Muslims", "History of Michigan", "History of Honduras", "Kingdom of Greece", "Age of Enlightenment", "History of Thailand", "Kit Carson", "Habib Bourguiba", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "List of Babylon 5 characters", "Racism in the United States", "Canadian identity", "War of the Spanish Succession", "History of Tennessee", "Croatian War of Independence", "Air warfare of World War II", "History of Minnesota", "John C. Calhoun", "William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe", "American cuisine", "Hudson's Bay Company", "Mau Mau rebellion", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "George Armstrong Custer", "History of Vermont", "Southern Rhodesia in World War I", "Danzig crisis", "Peter Chartier", "Xhosa Wars", "Somalia", "History of the Assyrians", "Chinese spring offensive", "History of Mexico City", "Harold Macmillan", "Laotian Civil War", "League of Nations", "Cherokee military history", "Robert F. Kennedy", "Chiapas", "Wake Island", "Landing Craft Assault", "July Crisis", "Samuel Adams", "Responsibility for the Russo-Georgian War", "Harry S. 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{ "en": "Even before Washington returned, Dinwiddie had sent a company of 40 men under William Trent to that point, where in the early months of 1754 they began construction of a small stockaded fort. Governor Duquesne sent additional French forces under Claude-Pierre Pecaudy de Contrecœur to relieve Saint-Pierre during the same period, and Contrecœur led 500 men south from Fort Venango on April 5, 1754. When these forces arrived at the fort on April 16, Contrecœur generously allowed Trent's small company to withdraw. He purchased their construction tools to continue building what became Fort Duquesne.", "hi": "वाशिंगटन के लौटने से पहले ही, डिनविडी ने विलियम ट्रेंट के अंतर्गत 40 पुरुषों की एक टुकड़ी को उस स्थान पर भेज दिया, जहां 1754 के शुरुआती महीनों में उन्होंने एक छोटे स्टॉकड फोर्ट का निर्माण शुरू किया था। गवर्नर ड्यूक्सने ने इसी अवधि के दौरान सेंट-पियरे को राहत देने के लिए क्लाउड-पियरे पेकौडी डे कॉन्ट्रेकुर के तहत अतिरिक्त फ्रांसीसी सेनाएं भेजीं, और कॉन्ट्रेकुर ने 5 अप्रैल, 1754 को फोर्ट वेनगो से 500 पुरुषों का नेतृत्व किया। जब ये बल 16 अप्रैल को किले में पहुंचे, तो कॉन्ट्रेकुर ने उदारतापूर्वक ट्रेंट की छोटी टुकड़ी को वापस जाने की अनुमति दे दी। उन्होंने उस निर्माण को जारी रखने के लिए उनके निर्माण उपकरण खरीदे जो बाद में फोर्ट ड्यूक्सने बना।" }

{ "en": "How many men did Duquesne send to relieve Saint-Pierre ?", "hi": "सेंट-पियरे को राहत देने के लिए ड्यूक्सने ने कितने पुरुषों को भेजा?" }

{ "en": [ "Contrecœur led 500 men south from Fort Venango on April 5, 1754" ], "hi": [ "40" ] }

{ "en": [ 334, 65, 65, 215, 65 ], "hi": [ 66 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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{ "en": "Even before Washington returned, Dinwiddie had sent a company of 40 men under William Trent to that point, where in the early months of 1754 they began construction of a small stockaded fort. Governor Duquesne sent additional French forces under Claude-Pierre Pecaudy de Contrecœur to relieve Saint-Pierre during the same period, and Contrecœur led 500 men south from Fort Venango on April 5, 1754. When these forces arrived at the fort on April 16, Contrecœur generously allowed Trent's small company to withdraw. He purchased their construction tools to continue building what became Fort Duquesne.", "hi": "वाशिंगटन के लौटने से पहले ही, डिनविडी ने विलियम ट्रेंट के अंतर्गत 40 पुरुषों की एक टुकड़ी को उस स्थान पर भेज दिया, जहां 1754 के शुरुआती महीनों में उन्होंने एक छोटे स्टॉकड फोर्ट का निर्माण शुरू किया था। गवर्नर ड्यूक्सने ने इसी अवधि के दौरान सेंट-पियरे को राहत देने के लिए क्लाउड-पियरे पेकौडी डे कॉन्ट्रेकुर के तहत अतिरिक्त फ्रांसीसी सेनाएं भेजीं, और कॉन्ट्रेकुर ने 5 अप्रैल, 1754 को फोर्ट वेनगो से 500 पुरुषों का नेतृत्व किया। जब ये बल 16 अप्रैल को किले में पहुंचे, तो कॉन्ट्रेकुर ने उदारतापूर्वक ट्रेंट की छोटी टुकड़ी को वापस जाने की अनुमति दे दी। उन्होंने उस निर्माण को जारी रखने के लिए उनके निर्माण उपकरण खरीदे जो बाद में फोर्ट ड्यूक्सने बना।" }

{ "en": "When did British begin to build fort under William Trent?", "hi": "विलियम ट्रेंट के अंतर्गत किले का निर्माण कब शुरू हुआ?" }

{ "en": [ "early months of 1754" ], "hi": [ "1754" ] }

{ "en": [ 120, 136, 136, 136, 136 ], "hi": [ 119 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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{ "en": "Even before Washington returned, Dinwiddie had sent a company of 40 men under William Trent to that point, where in the early months of 1754 they began construction of a small stockaded fort. Governor Duquesne sent additional French forces under Claude-Pierre Pecaudy de Contrecœur to relieve Saint-Pierre during the same period, and Contrecœur led 500 men south from Fort Venango on April 5, 1754. When these forces arrived at the fort on April 16, Contrecœur generously allowed Trent's small company to withdraw. He purchased their construction tools to continue building what became Fort Duquesne.", "hi": "वाशिंगटन के लौटने से पहले ही, डिनविडी ने विलियम ट्रेंट के अंतर्गत 40 पुरुषों की एक टुकड़ी को उस स्थान पर भेज दिया, जहां 1754 के शुरुआती महीनों में उन्होंने एक छोटे स्टॉकड फोर्ट का निर्माण शुरू किया था। गवर्नर ड्यूक्सने ने इसी अवधि के दौरान सेंट-पियरे को राहत देने के लिए क्लाउड-पियरे पेकौडी डे कॉन्ट्रेकुर के तहत अतिरिक्त फ्रांसीसी सेनाएं भेजीं, और कॉन्ट्रेकुर ने 5 अप्रैल, 1754 को फोर्ट वेनगो से 500 पुरुषों का नेतृत्व किया। जब ये बल 16 अप्रैल को किले में पहुंचे, तो कॉन्ट्रेकुर ने उदारतापूर्वक ट्रेंट की छोटी टुकड़ी को वापस जाने की अनुमति दे दी। उन्होंने उस निर्माण को जारी रखने के लिए उनके निर्माण उपकरण खरीदे जो बाद में फोर्ट ड्यूक्सने बना।" }

{ "en": "What was the fort that was being built to be named?", "hi": "यह किला किसके नाम पर बनाया जा रहा था?" }

{ "en": [ "Fort Duquesne." ], "hi": [ "फोर्ट ड्यूक्सने" ] }

{ "en": [ 586, 586, 586, 586, 586 ], "hi": [ 622 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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{ "en": "After Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work. While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat. Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen. They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk. The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people. They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships. One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.", "hi": "वाशिंगटन के विलियम्सबर्ग लौटने के बाद, डिनविडी ने उसे ट्रेंट के काम में सहायता के लिए एक बड़ी ताकत का नेतृत्व करने का आदेश दिया। रास्ते में, वाशिंगटन को ट्रेंट के पीछे हटने का पता चला। चूंकि तानाग्रिशों ने अंग्रेजों को समर्थन देने का वादा किया था, वाशिंगटन ने फोर्ट ड्यूक्सने की ओर चलना जारी रखा और मिंगो नेता से मिले। क्षेत्र में एक फ्रांसीसी स्काउटिंग पार्टी के बारे में पता चलने पर, वाशिंगटन, तानाग्रिशों और उनकी पार्टी के साथ, 28 मई को कनाडा के लोगों को अचंभित कर दिया, जिसे जुमोनविले ग्लेन की लड़ाई के रूप में जाना जाता है। उन्होंने अपने कमांडिंग ऑफिसर, जोसेफ कूलोन डी जुमोनविले सहित कई कनाडाई लोगों को मार डाला, जिनके सिर को कथित तौर पर तानाग्रिशों ने एक फरसे से खोल दिए थे। इतिहासकार फ्रेड एंडरसन का सुझाव है कि तानाग्रिसन ब्रिटिशों का समर्थन हासिल करने और अपने लोगों पर अधिकार वापस हासिल करने के लिए काम कर रहे थे। वे फ्रांसीसी का समर्थन करने के लिए इच्छुक थे, जिनके साथ उनके लंबे व्यापारिक संबंध थे। तानाग्रिशों के लोगों में से एक ने कॉन्ट्रेकुर को बताया कि जुमोनविले को ब्रिटिश मस्कट फायर द्वारा मार दिया गया था।" }

{ "en": "Upon learning of a French scounting party in the area, what did Washington do?", "hi": "क्षेत्र में एक फ्रांसीसी स्काउटिंग पार्टी के बारे में पता चलने पर, वाशिंगटन ने क्या किया?" }

{ "en": [ "with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen" ], "hi": [ "28 मई को कनाडा के लोगों को अचंभित कर दिया" ] }

{ "en": [ 366, 493, 399, 461, 399 ], "hi": [ 431 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Iran–Iraq War", "Acadia", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "History of Halifax, Nova Scotia", "History of Pittsburgh", "History of the Philippines", "First Opium War", "North American fur trade", "History of Massachusetts", "Nine Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Queen Anne's War", "History of Pennsylvania", "List of modern great powers", "Napoleonic Wars", "South African Border War", "Montreal campaign", "Maritime history of California", "American Civil War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of United States foreign policy", "Military deception", "France–United Kingdom relations", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "French Resistance", "Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet", "Northwest Indian War", "William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham", "British Empire", "Battle of Jumonville Glen", "Napoleon III", "History of Guatemala", "Saratoga campaign", "French colonial empire", "George Washington in the American Revolution", "Military career of George Washington", "Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula", "Military history of Australia", "Thirteen Colonies", "History of Lisbon", "Slavery in the United States", "Fédon's rebellion", "Louisiana", "History of women in the United States", "Latin America", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Age of Discovery", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Yom Kippur War", "French Directory", "Conquest of New France", "Haitian Revolution", "First Nations in Canada", "History of monarchy in Canada", "History of Kentucky", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "History of Palestine", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "Erwin Rommel", "Napoleon", "History of Poland", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Richard Montgomery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of Basilan", "Piracy", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "History of Israel", "Invasion of Quebec (1775)", "World War I", "History of Nigeria", "List of Sharpe series characters", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "Military history of South America", "Persecution of Christians", "Institutional racism", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "Thomas Gage", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Maritime history", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "History of Scotland", "American Indian Wars", "Charles George Gordon", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "1st Maine Cavalry Regiment", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Cold War", "Beaver Wars", "History of Gibraltar", "History of Paris", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Thomas Jefferson", "Reconstruction era", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Foreign relations of India", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Korean War", "Seneca people", "Midwestern United States", "History of Speyer", "Canada–United States relations", "Texas–Indian wars", "International relations (1648–1814)", "Greek War of Independence", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Louis XIV", "Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson", "Vichy France", "Spanish conquest of the Maya", "History of Canada (1763–1867)", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Louisiana (New France)", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "History of California", "Newfoundland and Labrador", "Douglas MacArthur", "Imperial Roman army", "Spanish–Moro conflict", "Paris in the 18th century", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Winston Churchill", "Military history of the United States", "Axis powers", "Black Canadians", "Vietnam War", "Soviet–Afghan War", "History of Tunisia", "Polish–Soviet War", "First Stadtholderless Period", "History of Spain", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "H. H. Asquith", "Pacific War", "History of Cuba", "History of Cumbria", "History of Poles in the United States", "Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762)", "American imperialism", "James Madison", "African-American history", "Charles Scott (governor)", "Anglo-French War (1778–1783)", "France–United States relations", "John Adams", "The Maritimes", "Military history of Puerto Rico", "Military history of Myanmar", "Crimean War", "New York (state)", "Scotland in the early modern period", "History of Florida", "Compagnies franches de la marine", "Spanish Civil War", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Montreal", "Suez Crisis", "Battle of France", "Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "Miscegenation", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "History of Sierra Leone", "History of the United States government", "Dominican Republic", "Ion Antonescu", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Conquistador", "Battle of the Plains of Abraham", "Theodore Roosevelt", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1776–1801", "Louisiana Creole people", "New Orleans", "Tartan", "History of Taiwan", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Greco-Italian War", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Cherokee", "Military history of Australia during World War I", "7th Cavalry Regiment", "France", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Franco-Prussian War", "James Longstreet", "Sinai and Palestine campaign", "Crusader states", "History of socialism", "History of Paraguay", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Kuskusky", "Portugal", "Pemmican War", "History of New Brunswick", "History of Jamaica", "History of the Choctaw", "Gulf War", "History of South Carolina", "Sierra Leone", "Canada", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "Ohio", "Puerto Rico", "Spanish Texas", "History of Algeria", "Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399", "History of Texas", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Joseph Stalin", "History of the United States Navy", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "History of Europe", "Battle of Britain", "History of Transylvania", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "World War II", "History of Beijing", "Civil rights movement", "Economic history of France", "History of Maine", "North-West Mounted Police", "History of French foreign relations", "Virginia", "Papuan Infantry Battalion", "French Third Republic", "Benjamin Franklin", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "Spanish–American War", "Appomattox campaign", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Battles of Lexington and Concord", "Muscogee", "Leon Trotsky", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "War in Donbas", "James Wolfe", "Northern Michigan", "Spanish conquest of Petén", "Upper Canada", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "History of North Carolina", "Zhou Enlai", "Battle of Wagram", "British Army during the First World War", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "List of Army National Guard and active Regular Army units with colonial roots", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Italian Americans", "French Revolution", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of the Acadians", "Fidel Castro", "Liberation of France", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Indian Rebellion of 1857", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1801–1829", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Falklands War", "Lenape", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Jesuits", "Atlantic slave trade", "History of Lithuania", "Benito Mussolini", "Regency of Algiers", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Ancient Carthage", "Mamluk Sultanate", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "First Indochina War", "History of Arkansas", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Detribalization", "Patrick Henry", "Fort Ticonderoga", "Operation Market Garden", "Peninsular War", "Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "History of Belgium", "Chetniks", "Protohistory of West Virginia", "United States Marine Corps Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion", "Fort Carillon", "Enoch Powell", "Mexican Revolution", "Second Seminole War", "Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington", "War of the Pacific", "Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine", "Bermuda", "Iran–United States relations", "Timeline of United States military operations", "History of England", "History of Ghana", "History of Belfast", "Kingdom of Great Britain", "Australian Army during World War II", "Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties", "Classical Anatolia", "Europeans in Oceania", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War", "Militia", "History of Portugal", "History of Italy", "Yemen", "Frisian freedom", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Political history of France", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Pittsburgh", "Kokoda Track campaign", "History of Mexico", "Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle", "French Indochina", "Alexander Hamilton", "Alexander Spotswood", "Lumumba Government", "John F. Kennedy", "Colony of Jamaica", "David Lloyd George", "Wabanaki Confederacy", "Military history of Japan", "African military systems before 1800", "John Mullan (road builder)", "Crusades", "British Army during the Napoleonic Wars", "Battle of Fort Oswego", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Fall of Outremer", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Magnus Stenbock", "War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Frederick the Great", "History of Russia", "History of the British Army", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Habsburg Spain", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Andrew Jackson", "Province of New York", "Haiti", "Algerian War", "First Sino-Japanese War", "Texas", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Colonial forces of Australia", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Southern Palestine offensive", "West Virginia", "Wartime sexual violence", "John Kendrick (American sea captain)", "Safavid Iran", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "North Carolina", "Byzantine navy", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Mississippi", "Colonial Nigeria", "History of Guyana", "Shawnee", "Slavery", "Northwest Territory", "Detroit", "German colonial empire", "Upstate New York", "John C. Frémont", "Croat–Bosniak War", "Texas Revolution", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)", "Oregon Trail", "List of Fables characters", "History of California before 1900", "Samuel Brady", "Military history of Mexico", "Mi'kmaq", "Wars of the Roses", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Special Relationship", "Battle of Fort Beauséjour", "French colonization of the Americas", "Nigerian Civil War", "Military history of New Zealand", "Origins of the American Civil War", "British Raj", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "History of Malaysia", "Iloilo City", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Portuguese Empire", "Anglo-Saxons", "Early modern period", "History of United States prison systems", "Liao dynasty", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of Hungary", "Benedict Arnold", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Western theater of the American Revolutionary War", "Yorktown campaign", "Muslim conquests of Afghanistan", "Apartheid", "Adolphe Thiers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "First Russian circumnavigation", "History of Islam", "British Columbia", "History of Maryland", "History of Lebanon", "Portuguese Navy", "Plymouth Colony", "Miguel Enríquez (privateer)", "History of Bangladesh", "Italian invasion of France", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Military history of the Three Kingdoms", "White Africans of European ancestry", "Rock Machine MC criminal allegations and incidents", "Roanoke Colony", "Military history of Australia during World War II", "Srebrenica massacre", "Expansion of Macedonia under Philip II", "Russian Empire", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of the United States Merchant Marine", "Battle of the Little Bighorn", "Sri Lankan Civil War", "James K. Polk", "Industrial Revolution", "33rd Alabama Infantry Regiment", "History of Oklahoma", "History of opera", "Abraham Lincoln", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom", "Albert Kesselring", "James Monroe", "The Dresden Files characters", "History of Albania", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Kashmir conflict", "Robert McNamara", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Kingdom of Italy", "Italy", "Wolfram von Richthofen", "Irish Americans", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Charles de Gaulle", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Millennials", "Great Game", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "French Algeria", "German invasion of the Netherlands", "History of Alabama", "Indian independence movement", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "Iraq War", "Prince Edward Island", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1829–1861", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "History of Jersey", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "History of British Columbia", "Spanish conquest of Guatemala", "Japan–United States relations", "Charles III of Spain", "Economic history of Portugal", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "Battle of the Atlantic", "Southern United States", "Territorial era of Minnesota", "Emil Lewis Holmdahl", "New Mexico", "Technological and industrial history of Canada", "History of Wisconsin", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "1965 in the Vietnam War", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Canada convoy protest", "Troy H. Middleton", "Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "Fort King George", "Operation Sea Lion", "Michigan", "Winter War", "Robert Clive", "Penn's Creek massacre", "History of Toronto", "Vermont", "Operation Barbarossa", "Kingdom of Jerusalem", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Sioux", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Tennessee", "Sam Hughes", "Military history of Italy", "Robert Monckton", "Free France", "Paris Commune", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "The Spirit of the Age", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Late modern period", "Glossary of baseball terms", "George Mason", "European Union law", "Colonial Brazil", "New Brunswick", "Israel–United States relations", "Vladimir Putin", "Stamp Act 1765", "Jean Chrétien", "Alexander Suvorov", "Imperialism", "History of the United States Army", "Treaty of Versailles", "Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Blueberry (comics)", "Greece", "Reformation", "1562 Riots of Toulouse", "René Vilatte", "Early American publishers and printers", "Paul Kruger", "Late Roman army", "Voyage of the Brooklyn Saints", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "China–United States relations", "Roman Republic", "George S. Patton", "History of Denmark", "Union Army", "Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa", "Ottoman Empire", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "Gerd von Rundstedt", "Guadalcanal campaign", "Anthony Wayne", "Pierre Trudeau", "Battle of Waterloo", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "History of Fiji", "History of the Jews in Poland", "History of Morocco", "Qing dynasty", "George B. McClellan", "Spanish conquest of Yucatán", "Prince Eugene of Savoy", "History of Connecticut", "Interracial marriage", "French invasion of Russia", "Missouri River", "History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant", "German resistance to Nazism", "History of Sikhism", "Political history of the world", "War of Jenkins' Ear", "German Americans", "France in the long nineteenth century", "Thirty Years' War", "German Empire", "Georges Bonnet", "North America", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Henry Hastings Sibley", "Battle of Ticonderoga (1759)", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Mercenary", "Ohio River", "History of Louisiana", "Allies of World War II", "Aircraft in fiction", "Franco-Dutch War", "Paraguayan War", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "John, King of England", "Latin America–United States relations", "1st Cavalry Regiment (United States)", "Mao Zedong", "Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Israel", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Battle of the Bulge", "Historikerstreit", "Roman infantry tactics", "Third Silesian War", "Michael Heseltine", "East African campaign (World War II)", "Third Battle of Petersburg", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Anne de Joyeuse", "Nova Scotia", "Nazi Germany", "François-Marie Picoté de Belestre", "Sino-French War", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Havana", "Bulgaria during World War I", "Tet Offensive", "Campaign history of the Roman military", "History of Málaga", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "Eastern theater of the American Civil War", "Che Guevara", "Soviet Union", "Dummer's War", "List of Merlin characters", "Fiji", "Crawford expedition", "John C. Breckinridge", "Charles Lindbergh", "South African labour law", "Privateer", "Edmund Burke", "Strategic bombing during World War II", "French campaign in Egypt and Syria", "History of the United States (1776–1789)", "Colony of Virginia", "Francisco Franco", "Dakota War of 1862", "Somaliland War of Independence", "List of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Pas-de-Calais", "Turkey–United States relations", "Western Front tactics, 1917", "Battle of Stalingrad", "Development communication", "History of Ireland", "German invasion of Greece", "Comanche history", "Cossacks", "History of Alberta", "Battle of Monmouth", "Annexation of Goa", "Florida", "Operation Badr (1973)", "Great Siege of Gibraltar", "Ontario", "Robert Morris (financier)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "Winfield Scott", "Operation Searchlight", "History of Bermuda", "Benazir Bhutto", "Indira Gandhi", "Huguenots", "Overland Campaign", "Indiana", "Japanese war crimes", "Fish for finance", "History of the Special Air Service", "New Order (Nazism)", "History of Somalia", "History of Iran", "History of Vietnam", "History of Philadelphia", "Jean-Louis Le Loutre", "List of The Shield characters", "Angolan Civil War", "Battle of the Nile", "History of Springfield, Massachusetts", "New Deal", "History of the Royal Australian Navy", "Monarchy of Canada and the Indigenous peoples of Canada", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "Arkansas Territorial Militia", "Ethan Allen", "Hamas", "Weather of 2010", "Low Countries theatre of the War of the First Coalition", "England", "History of the Canadian Army", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Military history of France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "George III", "Waterways of West Virginia", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Lyndon B. Johnson", "History of the Falkland Islands", "Charles Townshend (British Army officer)", "São Paulo Revolt of 1924", "Free Syrian Army", "Canada in World War II", "Battle of Jutland", "Vilnius", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "History of West Virginia", "Henry II of England", "Kingdom of Galicia", "Sino-Indian War", "English Civil War", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Cherbourg", "Boxer Rebellion", "Nazi racial theories", "Sasanian Empire", "3rd Cavalry Regiment (United States)", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Fascism and ideology", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Saint-Domingue", "Battle of Long Tan", "Battle of Flers–Courcelette", "Black Hawk War", "History of India", "Middle Ages", "Empire", "Artúr Görgei", "History of the Song dynasty", "Métis", "Gallipoli campaign", "Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)", "Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst", "History of Chechnya", "Life of Charles Townshend (British Army officer)", "History of American newspapers", "John Tyler", "Scotland", "England in the Late Middle Ages", "Uganda–Tanzania War", "German invasion of Belgium (1940)", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Farouk of Egypt", "Gregor MacGregor", "Arkansas Militia in the Civil War", "Bay of Pigs Invasion", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Kosovo War", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "British Army during the Second World War", "Slavery in the colonial history of the United States", "Cornwallis in North America", "Steele dossier", "History of New Orleans", "Thomas Pownall", "Role of Douglas Haig in 1918", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "Tecumseh", "History of Mongolia", "History of New Mexico", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Confederation period", "Adolf Hitler", "History of Kenya", "History of Peru", "Pennsylvania", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Rhodesia", "Ancient Rome", "Andrew Johnson", "Amin al-Husseini", "Bosnian War", "History of Carthage", "Forests Commission Victoria", "Indian termination policy", "Second Battle of the Jordan", "William McKinley", "Otto von Bismarck", "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Second French intervention in Mexico", "Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada", "Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", "Persecution of Muslims", "History of Michigan", "History of Honduras", "Kingdom of Greece", "Age of Enlightenment", "History of Thailand", "Kit Carson", "Habib Bourguiba", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "List of Babylon 5 characters", "Racism in the United States", "Canadian identity", "War of the Spanish Succession", "History of Tennessee", "Croatian War of Independence", "Air warfare of World War II", "History of Minnesota", "John C. Calhoun", "William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe", "American cuisine", "Hudson's Bay Company", "Mau Mau rebellion", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "George Armstrong Custer", "History of Vermont", "Southern Rhodesia in World War I", "Danzig crisis", "Peter Chartier", "Xhosa Wars", "Somalia", "History of the Assyrians", "Chinese spring offensive", "History of Mexico City", "Harold Macmillan", "Laotian Civil War", "League of Nations", "Cherokee military history", "Robert F. Kennedy", "Chiapas", "Wake Island", "Landing Craft Assault", "July Crisis", "Samuel Adams", "Responsibility for the Russo-Georgian War", "Harry S. 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{ "en": "After Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work. While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat. Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen. They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk. The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people. They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships. One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.", "hi": "वाशिंगटन के विलियम्सबर्ग लौटने के बाद, डिनविडी ने उसे ट्रेंट के काम में सहायता के लिए एक बड़ी ताकत का नेतृत्व करने का आदेश दिया। रास्ते में, वाशिंगटन को ट्रेंट के पीछे हटने का पता चला। चूंकि तानाग्रिशों ने अंग्रेजों को समर्थन देने का वादा किया था, वाशिंगटन ने फोर्ट ड्यूक्सने की ओर चलना जारी रखा और मिंगो नेता से मिले। क्षेत्र में एक फ्रांसीसी स्काउटिंग पार्टी के बारे में पता चलने पर, वाशिंगटन, तानाग्रिशों और उनकी पार्टी के साथ, 28 मई को कनाडा के लोगों को अचंभित कर दिया, जिसे जुमोनविले ग्लेन की लड़ाई के रूप में जाना जाता है। उन्होंने अपने कमांडिंग ऑफिसर, जोसेफ कूलोन डी जुमोनविले सहित कई कनाडाई लोगों को मार डाला, जिनके सिर को कथित तौर पर तानाग्रिशों ने एक फरसे से खोल दिए थे। इतिहासकार फ्रेड एंडरसन का सुझाव है कि तानाग्रिसन ब्रिटिशों का समर्थन हासिल करने और अपने लोगों पर अधिकार वापस हासिल करने के लिए काम कर रहे थे। वे फ्रांसीसी का समर्थन करने के लिए इच्छुक थे, जिनके साथ उनके लंबे व्यापारिक संबंध थे। तानाग्रिशों के लोगों में से एक ने कॉन्ट्रेकुर को बताया कि जुमोनविले को ब्रिटिश मस्कट फायर द्वारा मार दिया गया था।" }

{ "en": "What were casualties of battle?", "hi": "युद्ध के हताहत कौन थे?" }

{ "en": [ "killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville" ], "hi": [ "अपने कमांडिंग ऑफिसर, जोसेफ कूलोन डी जुमोनविले सहित कई कनाडाई लोगों" ] }

{ "en": [ 493, 500, 512, 500 ], "hi": [ 538 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. 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{ "en": "After Washington had returned to Williamsburg, Dinwiddie ordered him to lead a larger force to assist Trent in his work. While en route, Washington learned of Trent's retreat. Since Tanaghrisson had promised support to the British, Washington continued toward Fort Duquesne and met with the Mingo leader. Learning of a French scouting party in the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28 in what became known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen. They killed many of the Canadians, including their commanding officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, whose head was reportedly split open by Tanaghrisson with a tomahawk. The historian Fred Anderson suggests that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people. They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships. One of Tanaghrisson's men told Contrecoeur that Jumonville had been killed by British musket fire.", "hi": "वाशिंगटन के विलियम्सबर्ग लौटने के बाद, डिनविडी ने उसे ट्रेंट के काम में सहायता के लिए एक बड़ी ताकत का नेतृत्व करने का आदेश दिया। रास्ते में, वाशिंगटन को ट्रेंट के पीछे हटने का पता चला। चूंकि तानाग्रिशों ने अंग्रेजों को समर्थन देने का वादा किया था, वाशिंगटन ने फोर्ट ड्यूक्सने की ओर चलना जारी रखा और मिंगो नेता से मिले। क्षेत्र में एक फ्रांसीसी स्काउटिंग पार्टी के बारे में पता चलने पर, वाशिंगटन, तानाग्रिशों और उनकी पार्टी के साथ, 28 मई को कनाडा के लोगों को अचंभित कर दिया, जिसे जुमोनविले ग्लेन की लड़ाई के रूप में जाना जाता है। उन्होंने अपने कमांडिंग ऑफिसर, जोसेफ कूलोन डी जुमोनविले सहित कई कनाडाई लोगों को मार डाला, जिनके सिर को कथित तौर पर तानाग्रिशों ने एक फरसे से खोल दिए थे। इतिहासकार फ्रेड एंडरसन का सुझाव है कि तानाग्रिसन ब्रिटिशों का समर्थन हासिल करने और अपने लोगों पर अधिकार वापस हासिल करने के लिए काम कर रहे थे। वे फ्रांसीसी का समर्थन करने के लिए इच्छुक थे, जिनके साथ उनके लंबे व्यापारिक संबंध थे। तानाग्रिशों के लोगों में से एक ने कॉन्ट्रेकुर को बताया कि जुमोनविले को ब्रिटिश मस्कट फायर द्वारा मार दिया गया था।" }

{ "en": "Why was Tanaghrisson supporting British efforts?", "hi": "क्यों तानाग्रिशों ब्रिटिश प्रयासों का समर्थन कर रहा था?" }

{ "en": [ "regain authority over his own people. They had been inclined to support the French, with whom they had long trading relationships" ], "hi": [ "अपने लोगों पर अधिकार वापस हासिल करने के लिए काम कर रहे थे। वे फ्रांसीसी का समर्थन करने के लिए इच्छुक थे, जिनके साथ उनके लंबे व्यापारिक संबंध थे" ] }

{ "en": [ 763, 727, 195, 763, 724 ], "hi": [ 764 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. 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{ "en": "Newcastle replaced him in January 1756 with Lord Loudoun, with Major General James Abercrombie as his second in command. Neither of these men had as much campaign experience as the trio of officers France sent to North America. French regular army reinforcements arrived in New France in May 1756, led by Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm and seconded by the Chevalier de Lévis and Colonel François-Charles de Bourlamaque, all experienced veterans from the War of the Austrian Succession. During that time in Europe, on May 18, 1756, England formally declared war on France, which expanded the war into Europe, which was later to be known as the Seven Years' War.", "hi": "न्यूकैसल ने उन्हें जनवरी 1756 में लॉर्ड लाउडाउन की जगह, मेजर जनरल जेम्स अबरक्रॉम्बी को दूसरी कमान रखते हुए बदल दिया। इनमें से किसी को भी अभियान का उतना अनुभव नहीं था जितना उत्तरी अमेरिका भेजी गयी फ्रांस के अधिकारियों की तिकड़ी को था। फ्रांसीसी नियमित सेना कुमुक मई 1756 में मेजर जनरल लुइस-जोसेफ डी मॉन्टल्कम के नेतृत्व में नए फ्रांस में पहुंची और चेवेलियर डी लेविस और कर्नल फ्रांस्वा-चार्ल्स डी बोरलामेक दूसरी कमान में थे, सभी अनुभवी ऑस्ट्रियाई उत्तराधिकार के युद्ध के पुराने योद्धा थे। उस समय यूरोप में, 18 मई, 1756 को, इंग्लैंड ने फ्रांस पर औपचारिक रूप से युद्ध की घोषणा की, जिसने यूरोप में युद्ध का विस्तार किया, जिसे बाद में सात वर्षीय युद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता था।" }

{ "en": "Who was appointed as second in command to Lor Loudoun in 1756?", "hi": "1756 में लॉर्ड लाउडाउन की दूसरी कमान के रूप में किसे नियुक्त किया गया था?" }

{ "en": [ "Major General James Abercrombie" ], "hi": [ "मेजर जनरल जेम्स अबरक्रॉम्बी" ] }

{ "en": [ 63, 44, 63, 63, 63 ], "hi": [ 56 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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[ "French and Indian War", "Military history of Canada", "Seven Years' War", "New France", "American Revolutionary War", "Great Britain in the Seven Years' War", "War of 1812", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "George Washington", "Joseph Brant", "History of the United States", "Military history of Nova Scotia", "Colonial history of the United States", "History of Australia", "Military history of the Mi'kmaq", "Military history of the Acadians", "Logstown", "World War II by country", "American Revolution", "Cherokee–American wars", "History of Virginia", "History of Western civilization", "History of France", "American frontier", "Quebec", "Expulsion of the Acadians", "William Shirley", "History of Canada", "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "Louis XV", "Father Le Loutre's War", "History of Austria", "History of Ohio", "Spanish Empire", "History of Missouri", "Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency", "History of Indiana", "Siege of Fort William Henry", "British colonization of the Americas", "Seminole Wars", "History of Germany", "History of the Southern United States", "Pontiac's War", "History of Nova Scotia", "Economic history of the United States", "Confederate States of America", "Colonial American military history", "History of the United Kingdom", "Native Americans in the United States", "Battle of Fort Necessity", "Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)", "Pickawillany", "History of the Netherlands", "Second Boer War", "History of the United States Marine Corps", "History of slavery", "Mexican–American War", "Battle of Fort Bull", "United Kingdom–United States relations", "Lower Shawneetown", "War of the Austrian Succession", "History of Zakynthos", "Military history of France during World War II", "History of Detroit", "Battle of Carillon", "Ulysses S. Grant", "Iran–Iraq War", "Acadia", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres", "Hugo W. Koehler", "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom", "History of Halifax, Nova Scotia", "History of Pittsburgh", "History of the Philippines", "First Opium War", "North American fur trade", "History of Massachusetts", "Nine Years' War", "Presidency of George Washington", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet", "Queen Anne's War", "History of Pennsylvania", "List of modern great powers", "Napoleonic Wars", "South African Border War", "Montreal campaign", "Maritime history of California", "American Civil War", "International relations (1814–1919)", "History of United States foreign policy", "Military deception", "France–United Kingdom relations", "Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)", "French Resistance", "Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet", "Northwest Indian War", "William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham", "British Empire", "Battle of Jumonville Glen", "Napoleon III", "History of Guatemala", "Saratoga campaign", "French colonial empire", "George Washington in the American Revolution", "Military career of George Washington", "Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula", "Military history of Australia", "Thirteen Colonies", "History of Lisbon", "Slavery in the United States", "Fédon's rebellion", "Louisiana", "History of women in the United States", "Latin America", "2003 invasion of Iraq", "Age of Discovery", "Spanish conquest of Honduras", "Yom Kippur War", "French Directory", "Conquest of New France", "Haitian Revolution", "First Nations in Canada", "History of monarchy in Canada", "History of Kentucky", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "History of Palestine", "History of the Royal Navy (after 1707)", "1972 in the Vietnam War", "Erwin Rommel", "Napoleon", "History of Poland", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "List of historical acts of tax resistance", "Richard Montgomery", "History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)", "History of Basilan", "Piracy", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)", "History of Israel", "Invasion of Quebec (1775)", "World War I", "History of Nigeria", "List of Sharpe series characters", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "Military history of South America", "Persecution of Christians", "Institutional racism", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II", "Thomas Gage", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Maritime history", "Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)", "History of Scotland", "American Indian Wars", "Charles George Gordon", "Diplomatic history of World War II", "History of Mexican Americans", "History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "1st Maine Cavalry Regiment", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Cold War", "Beaver Wars", "History of Gibraltar", "History of Paris", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Thomas Jefferson", "Reconstruction era", "South African Wars (1879–1915)", "History of Poland (1939–1945)", "Foreign relations of India", "Military history of the Netherlands", "Korean War", "Seneca people", "Midwestern United States", "History of Speyer", "Canada–United States relations", "Texas–Indian wars", "International relations (1648–1814)", "Greek War of Independence", "Genocide of Indigenous peoples", "Louis XIV", "Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson", "Vichy France", "Spanish conquest of the Maya", "History of Canada (1763–1867)", "Maximilien Robespierre", "Louisiana (New France)", "Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "History of California", "Newfoundland and Labrador", "Douglas MacArthur", "Imperial Roman army", "Spanish–Moro conflict", "Paris in the 18th century", "History of Georgia (U.S. state)", "Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War", "Winston Churchill", "Military history of the United States", "Axis powers", "Black Canadians", "Vietnam War", "Soviet–Afghan War", "History of Tunisia", "Polish–Soviet War", "First Stadtholderless Period", "History of Spain", "Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado", "H. H. Asquith", "Pacific War", "History of Cuba", "History of Cumbria", "History of Poles in the United States", "Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762)", "American imperialism", "James Madison", "African-American history", "Charles Scott (governor)", "Anglo-French War (1778–1783)", "France–United States relations", "John Adams", "The Maritimes", "Military history of Puerto Rico", "Military history of Myanmar", "Crimean War", "New York (state)", "Scotland in the early modern period", "History of Florida", "Compagnies franches de la marine", "Spanish Civil War", "Tây Sơn wars", "History of Montreal", "Suez Crisis", "Battle of France", "Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany", "Miscegenation", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig", "History of Sierra Leone", "History of the United States government", "Dominican Republic", "Ion Antonescu", "Military history of the Russian Empire", "Conquistador", "Battle of the Plains of Abraham", "Theodore Roosevelt", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1776–1801", "Louisiana Creole people", "New Orleans", "Tartan", "History of Taiwan", "1948 Arab–Israeli War", "Greco-Italian War", "Atlantic Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II", "Cherokee", "Military history of Australia during World War I", "7th Cavalry Regiment", "France", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Franco-Prussian War", "James Longstreet", "Sinai and Palestine campaign", "Crusader states", "History of socialism", "History of Paraguay", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi", "Kuskusky", "Portugal", "Pemmican War", "History of New Brunswick", "History of Jamaica", "History of the Choctaw", "Gulf War", "History of South Carolina", "Sierra Leone", "Canada", "Timeline of the Syrian civil war", "Ohio", "Puerto Rico", "Spanish Texas", "History of Algeria", "Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399", "History of Texas", "Bondelswarts Rebellion", "Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution", "Diplomatic history of World War I", "Joseph Stalin", "History of the United States Navy", "Lao rebellion (1826–1828)", "History of Tyre, Lebanon", "History of Europe", "Battle of Britain", "History of Transylvania", "William Christian Bullitt Jr.", "Second Sino-Japanese War", "World War II", "History of Beijing", "Civil rights movement", "Economic history of France", "History of Maine", "North-West Mounted Police", "History of French foreign relations", "Virginia", "Papuan Infantry Battalion", "French Third Republic", "Benjamin Franklin", "Presidency of Abraham Lincoln", "Spanish–American War", "Appomattox campaign", "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020", "Battles of Lexington and Concord", "Muscogee", "Leon Trotsky", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "War in Donbas", "James Wolfe", "Northern Michigan", "Spanish conquest of Petén", "Upper Canada", "Military history of the United States during World War II", "History of North Carolina", "Zhou Enlai", "Battle of Wagram", "British Army during the First World War", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "List of Army National Guard and active Regular Army units with colonial roots", "History of the Dominican Republic", "Italian Americans", "French Revolution", "Paul von Hindenburg", "History of the Acadians", "Fidel Castro", "Liberation of France", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Indian Rebellion of 1857", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1801–1829", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1897–1913", "Cuban intervention in Angola", "Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration", "Falklands War", "Lenape", "Austro-Italian ironclad arms race", "Transition from Ming to Qing", "Jesuits", "Atlantic slave trade", "History of Lithuania", "Benito Mussolini", "Regency of Algiers", "History of the United States (1789–1849)", "Ancient Carthage", "Mamluk Sultanate", "Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)", "First Indochina War", "History of Arkansas", "Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration", "Detribalization", "Patrick Henry", "Fort Ticonderoga", "Operation Market Garden", "Peninsular War", "Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "History of Belgium", "Chetniks", "Protohistory of West Virginia", "United States Marine Corps Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion", "Fort Carillon", "Enoch Powell", "Mexican Revolution", "Second Seminole War", "Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington", "War of the Pacific", "Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine", "Bermuda", "Iran–United States relations", "Timeline of United States military operations", "History of England", "History of Ghana", "History of Belfast", "Kingdom of Great Britain", "Australian Army during World War II", "Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties", "Classical Anatolia", "Europeans in Oceania", "Historiography of the British Empire", "Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War", "Militia", "History of Portugal", "History of Italy", "Yemen", "Frisian freedom", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Political history of France", "Joachim von Ribbentrop", "Gaza War (2008–2009)", "Pittsburgh", "Kokoda Track campaign", "History of Mexico", "Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle", "French Indochina", "Alexander Hamilton", "Alexander Spotswood", "Lumumba Government", "John F. Kennedy", "Colony of Jamaica", "David Lloyd George", "Wabanaki Confederacy", "Military history of Japan", "African military systems before 1800", "John Mullan (road builder)", "Crusades", "British Army during the Napoleonic Wars", "Battle of Fort Oswego", "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "Fall of Outremer", "Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war", "Magnus Stenbock", "War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)", "Frederick the Great", "History of Russia", "History of the British Army", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)", "Habsburg Spain", "Christopher Evans (outlaw)", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "Andrew Jackson", "Province of New York", "Haiti", "Algerian War", "First Sino-Japanese War", "Texas", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Colonial forces of Australia", "Presidency of Woodrow Wilson", "Southern Palestine offensive", "West Virginia", "Wartime sexual violence", "John Kendrick (American sea captain)", "Safavid Iran", "History of Poland (1945–1989)", "North Carolina", "Byzantine navy", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "History of Mississippi", "Colonial Nigeria", "History of Guyana", "Shawnee", "Slavery", "Northwest Territory", "Detroit", "German colonial empire", "Upstate New York", "John C. Frémont", "Croat–Bosniak War", "Texas Revolution", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)", "Oregon Trail", "List of Fables characters", "History of California before 1900", "Samuel Brady", "Military history of Mexico", "Mi'kmaq", "Wars of the Roses", "Western imperialism in Asia", "Special Relationship", "Battle of Fort Beauséjour", "French colonization of the Americas", "Nigerian Civil War", "Military history of New Zealand", "Origins of the American Civil War", "British Raj", "Piracy in the Atlantic World", "Piracy in the Caribbean", "History of Malaysia", "Iloilo City", "Serbia in the Middle Ages", "Portuguese Empire", "Anglo-Saxons", "Early modern period", "History of United States prison systems", "Liao dynasty", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "History of Hungary", "Benedict Arnold", "Ferdinand Marcos", "Western theater of the American Revolutionary War", "Yorktown campaign", "Muslim conquests of Afghanistan", "Apartheid", "Adolphe Thiers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "First Russian circumnavigation", "History of Islam", "British Columbia", "History of Maryland", "History of Lebanon", "Portuguese Navy", "Plymouth Colony", "Miguel Enríquez (privateer)", "History of Bangladesh", "Italian invasion of France", "Cold War (1953–1962)", "Military history of the Three Kingdoms", "White Africans of European ancestry", "Rock Machine MC criminal allegations and incidents", "Roanoke Colony", "Military history of Australia during World War II", "Srebrenica massacre", "Expansion of Macedonia under Philip II", "Russian Empire", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "African military systems (1800–1900)", "United States involvement in regime change", "History of the United States Merchant Marine", "Battle of the Little Bighorn", "Sri Lankan Civil War", "James K. Polk", "Industrial Revolution", "33rd Alabama Infantry Regiment", "History of Oklahoma", "History of opera", "Abraham Lincoln", "Maritime history of the United Kingdom", "Albert Kesselring", "James Monroe", "The Dresden Files characters", "History of Albania", "List of concentration and internment camps", "Kashmir conflict", "Robert McNamara", "History of the Labour Party (UK)", "Kingdom of Italy", "Italy", "Wolfram von Richthofen", "Irish Americans", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897", "Charles de Gaulle", "Guatemalan Civil War", "Millennials", "Great Game", "Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent", "French Algeria", "German invasion of the Netherlands", "History of Alabama", "Indian independence movement", "Spanish colonization of the Americas", "Iraq War", "Prince Edward Island", "History of U.S. foreign policy, 1829–1861", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "History of Jersey", "Anti-Comintern Pact", "History of British Columbia", "Spanish conquest of Guatemala", "Japan–United States relations", "Charles III of Spain", "Economic history of Portugal", "Springfield race riot of 1908", "Battle of the Atlantic", "Southern United States", "Territorial era of Minnesota", "Emil Lewis Holmdahl", "New Mexico", "Technological and industrial history of Canada", "History of Wisconsin", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "1965 in the Vietnam War", "Spanish American wars of independence", "Canada convoy protest", "Troy H. Middleton", "Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "Fort King George", "Operation Sea Lion", "Michigan", "Winter War", "Robert Clive", "Penn's Creek massacre", "History of Toronto", "Vermont", "Operation Barbarossa", "Kingdom of Jerusalem", "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Sioux", "Genocides in history (before World War I)", "Tennessee", "Sam Hughes", "Military history of Italy", "Robert Monckton", "Free France", "Paris Commune", "Muammar Gaddafi", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "The Spirit of the Age", "Presidency of Harry S. Truman", "Late modern period", "Glossary of baseball terms", "George Mason", "European Union law", "Colonial Brazil", "New Brunswick", "Israel–United States relations", "Vladimir Putin", "Stamp Act 1765", "Jean Chrétien", "Alexander Suvorov", "Imperialism", "History of the United States Army", "Treaty of Versailles", "Russian invasion of Ukraine", "Portuguese Colonial War", "Blueberry (comics)", "Greece", "Reformation", "1562 Riots of Toulouse", "René Vilatte", "Early American publishers and printers", "Paul Kruger", "Late Roman army", "Voyage of the Brooklyn Saints", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "China–United States relations", "Roman Republic", "George S. Patton", "History of Denmark", "Union Army", "Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa", "Ottoman Empire", "Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston", "Gerd von Rundstedt", "Guadalcanal campaign", "Anthony Wayne", "Pierre Trudeau", "Battle of Waterloo", "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk", "History of Fiji", "History of the Jews in Poland", "History of Morocco", "Qing dynasty", "George B. McClellan", "Spanish conquest of Yucatán", "Prince Eugene of Savoy", "History of Connecticut", "Interracial marriage", "French invasion of Russia", "Missouri River", "History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant", "German resistance to Nazism", "History of Sikhism", "Political history of the world", "War of Jenkins' Ear", "German Americans", "France in the long nineteenth century", "Thirty Years' War", "German Empire", "Georges Bonnet", "North America", "Joseph Chamberlain", "Henry Hastings Sibley", "Battle of Ticonderoga (1759)", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire", "Mercenary", "Ohio River", "History of Louisiana", "Allies of World War II", "Aircraft in fiction", "Franco-Dutch War", "Paraguayan War", "History of the Byzantine Empire", "John, King of England", "Latin America–United States relations", "1st Cavalry Regiment (United States)", "Mao Zedong", "Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War", "Turkish War of Independence", "History of the Catholic Church in Mexico", "Israel", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Battle of the Bulge", "Historikerstreit", "Roman infantry tactics", "Third Silesian War", "Michael Heseltine", "East African campaign (World War II)", "Third Battle of Petersburg", "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action", "Anne de Joyeuse", "Nova Scotia", "Nazi Germany", "François-Marie Picoté de Belestre", "Sino-French War", "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "Havana", "Bulgaria during World War I", "Tet Offensive", "Campaign history of the Roman military", "History of Málaga", "Military history of Italy during World War II", "Eastern theater of the American Civil War", "Che Guevara", "Soviet Union", "Dummer's War", "List of Merlin characters", "Fiji", "Crawford expedition", "John C. Breckinridge", "Charles Lindbergh", "South African labour law", "Privateer", "Edmund Burke", "Strategic bombing during World War II", "French campaign in Egypt and Syria", "History of the United States (1776–1789)", "Colony of Virginia", "Francisco Franco", "Dakota War of 1862", "Somaliland War of Independence", "List of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Pas-de-Calais", "Turkey–United States relations", "Western Front tactics, 1917", "Battle of Stalingrad", "Development communication", "History of Ireland", "German invasion of Greece", "Comanche history", "Cossacks", "History of Alberta", "Battle of Monmouth", "Annexation of Goa", "Florida", "Operation Badr (1973)", "Great Siege of Gibraltar", "Ontario", "Robert Morris (financier)", "Nicholas II of Russia", "Winfield Scott", "Operation Searchlight", "History of Bermuda", "Benazir Bhutto", "Indira Gandhi", "Huguenots", "Overland Campaign", "Indiana", "Japanese war crimes", "Fish for finance", "History of the Special Air Service", "New Order (Nazism)", "History of Somalia", "History of Iran", "History of Vietnam", "History of Philadelphia", "Jean-Louis Le Loutre", "List of The Shield characters", "Angolan Civil War", "Battle of the Nile", "History of Springfield, Massachusetts", "New Deal", "History of the Royal Australian Navy", "Monarchy of Canada and the Indigenous peoples of Canada", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms", "Arkansas Territorial Militia", "Ethan Allen", "Hamas", "Weather of 2010", "Low Countries theatre of the War of the First Coalition", "England", "History of the Canadian Army", "Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower", "Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939", "Military history of France", "History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)", "Passaic station (Erie Railroad)", "Responsibility for the Holocaust", "George III", "Waterways of West Virginia", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Taiwanese indigenous peoples", "Lyndon B. Johnson", "History of the Falkland Islands", "Charles Townshend (British Army officer)", "São Paulo Revolt of 1924", "Free Syrian Army", "Canada in World War II", "Battle of Jutland", "Vilnius", "Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand", "History of West Virginia", "Henry II of England", "Kingdom of Galicia", "Sino-Indian War", "English Civil War", "Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo", "Cherbourg", "Boxer Rebellion", "Nazi racial theories", "Sasanian Empire", "3rd Cavalry Regiment (United States)", "Nikita Khrushchev", "Fascism and ideology", "Catholic Church and Nazi Germany", "History of the Democratic Party (United States)", "Saint-Domingue", "Battle of Long Tan", "Battle of Flers–Courcelette", "Black Hawk War", "History of India", "Middle Ages", "Empire", "Artúr Görgei", "History of the Song dynasty", "Métis", "Gallipoli campaign", "Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)", "Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst", "History of Chechnya", "Life of Charles Townshend (British Army officer)", "History of American newspapers", "John Tyler", "Scotland", "England in the Late Middle Ages", "Uganda–Tanzania War", "German invasion of Belgium (1940)", "Erich Raeder during World War II", "Farouk of Egypt", "Gregor MacGregor", "Arkansas Militia in the Civil War", "Bay of Pigs Invasion", "Ayutthaya Kingdom", "Kosovo War", "Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election", "British Army during the Second World War", "Slavery in the colonial history of the United States", "Cornwallis in North America", "Steele dossier", "History of New Orleans", "Thomas Pownall", "Role of Douglas Haig in 1918", "Women on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War", "Tecumseh", "History of Mongolia", "History of New Mexico", "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms", "Confederation period", "Adolf Hitler", "History of Kenya", "History of Peru", "Pennsylvania", "Havana Plan Piloto", "Rhodesia", "Ancient Rome", "Andrew Johnson", "Amin al-Husseini", "Bosnian War", "History of Carthage", "Forests Commission Victoria", "Indian termination policy", "Second Battle of the Jordan", "William McKinley", "Otto von Bismarck", "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki", "Benjamin Disraeli", "Second French intervention in Mexico", "Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada", "Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", "Persecution of Muslims", "History of Michigan", "History of Honduras", "Kingdom of Greece", "Age of Enlightenment", "History of Thailand", "Kit Carson", "Habib Bourguiba", "European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry", "List of Babylon 5 characters", "Racism in the United States", "Canadian identity", "War of the Spanish Succession", "History of Tennessee", "Croatian War of Independence", "Air warfare of World War II", "History of Minnesota", "John C. Calhoun", "William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe", "American cuisine", "Hudson's Bay Company", "Mau Mau rebellion", "Mikhail Gorbachev", "George Armstrong Custer", "History of Vermont", "Southern Rhodesia in World War I", "Danzig crisis", "Peter Chartier", "Xhosa Wars", "Somalia", "History of the Assyrians", "Chinese spring offensive", "History of Mexico City", "Harold Macmillan", "Laotian Civil War", "League of Nations", "Cherokee military history", "Robert F. Kennedy", "Chiapas", "Wake Island", "Landing Craft Assault", "July Crisis", "Samuel Adams", "Responsibility for the Russo-Georgian War", "Harry S. 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{ "en": "Newcastle replaced him in January 1756 with Lord Loudoun, with Major General James Abercrombie as his second in command. Neither of these men had as much campaign experience as the trio of officers France sent to North America. French regular army reinforcements arrived in New France in May 1756, led by Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm and seconded by the Chevalier de Lévis and Colonel François-Charles de Bourlamaque, all experienced veterans from the War of the Austrian Succession. During that time in Europe, on May 18, 1756, England formally declared war on France, which expanded the war into Europe, which was later to be known as the Seven Years' War.", "hi": "न्यूकैसल ने उन्हें जनवरी 1756 में लॉर्ड लाउडाउन की जगह, मेजर जनरल जेम्स अबरक्रॉम्बी को दूसरी कमान रखते हुए बदल दिया। इनमें से किसी को भी अभियान का उतना अनुभव नहीं था जितना उत्तरी अमेरिका भेजी गयी फ्रांस के अधिकारियों की तिकड़ी को था। फ्रांसीसी नियमित सेना कुमुक मई 1756 में मेजर जनरल लुइस-जोसेफ डी मॉन्टल्कम के नेतृत्व में नए फ्रांस में पहुंची और चेवेलियर डी लेविस और कर्नल फ्रांस्वा-चार्ल्स डी बोरलामेक दूसरी कमान में थे, सभी अनुभवी ऑस्ट्रियाई उत्तराधिकार के युद्ध के पुराने योद्धा थे। उस समय यूरोप में, 18 मई, 1756 को, इंग्लैंड ने फ्रांस पर औपचारिक रूप से युद्ध की घोषणा की, जिसने यूरोप में युद्ध का विस्तार किया, जिसे बाद में सात वर्षीय युद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता था।" }

{ "en": "Who led New France reinforcements in 1756?", "hi": "1756 में नए फ्रांस के सुदृढीकरण का नेतृत्व किसने किया?" }

{ "en": [ "Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm" ], "hi": [ "मेजर जनरल लुइस-जोसेफ डी मॉन्टल्कम" ] }

{ "en": [ 305, 305, 44, 305, 305 ], "hi": [ 274 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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{ "en": "Newcastle replaced him in January 1756 with Lord Loudoun, with Major General James Abercrombie as his second in command. Neither of these men had as much campaign experience as the trio of officers France sent to North America. French regular army reinforcements arrived in New France in May 1756, led by Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm and seconded by the Chevalier de Lévis and Colonel François-Charles de Bourlamaque, all experienced veterans from the War of the Austrian Succession. During that time in Europe, on May 18, 1756, England formally declared war on France, which expanded the war into Europe, which was later to be known as the Seven Years' War.", "hi": "न्यूकैसल ने उन्हें जनवरी 1756 में लॉर्ड लाउडाउन की जगह, मेजर जनरल जेम्स अबरक्रॉम्बी को दूसरी कमान रखते हुए बदल दिया। इनमें से किसी को भी अभियान का उतना अनुभव नहीं था जितना उत्तरी अमेरिका भेजी गयी फ्रांस के अधिकारियों की तिकड़ी को था। फ्रांसीसी नियमित सेना कुमुक मई 1756 में मेजर जनरल लुइस-जोसेफ डी मॉन्टल्कम के नेतृत्व में नए फ्रांस में पहुंची और चेवेलियर डी लेविस और कर्नल फ्रांस्वा-चार्ल्स डी बोरलामेक दूसरी कमान में थे, सभी अनुभवी ऑस्ट्रियाई उत्तराधिकार के युद्ध के पुराने योद्धा थे। उस समय यूरोप में, 18 मई, 1756 को, इंग्लैंड ने फ्रांस पर औपचारिक रूप से युद्ध की घोषणा की, जिसने यूरोप में युद्ध का विस्तार किया, जिसे बाद में सात वर्षीय युद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता था।" }

{ "en": "When did England formally declare war on France?", "hi": "इंग्लैंड ने फ्रांस पर औपचारिक रूप से युद्ध की घोषणा कब की?" }

{ "en": [ "May 18, 1756" ], "hi": [ "18 मई, 1756" ] }

{ "en": [ 525, 525, 525, 525, 525 ], "hi": [ 505 ] }

[ "Culture.Biography.Biography*", "Geography.Regions.Americas.North America", "History and Society.Military and warfare" ]

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{ "en": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology. In Aristotle's view, the terrestrial sphere contained four elements that come to rest at different \"natural places\" therein. Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water, to be in their natural place on the ground and that they will stay that way if left alone. He distinguished between the innate tendency of objects to find their \"natural place\" (e.g., for heavy bodies to fall), which led to \"natural motion\", and unnatural or forced motion, which required continued application of a force. This theory, based on the everyday experience of how objects move, such as the constant application of a force needed to keep a cart moving, had conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles, such as the flight of arrows. The place where the archer moves the projectile was at the start of the flight, and while the projectile sailed through the air, no discernible efficient cause acts on it. Aristotle was aware of this problem and proposed that the air displaced through the projectile's path carries the projectile to its target. This explanation demands a continuum like air for change of place in general.", "hi": "अरस्तू ने एक बल की अवधारणा को दार्शनिक चर्चा प्रदान की, जो अरस्तू के ब्रह्मांड विज्ञान के अभिन्न अंग के रूप में थी। अरस्तू के दृष्टि में, भौमिक क्षेत्र में चार तत्व होते हैं जो विभिन्न \"प्राकृतिक स्थानों\" में आराम कर रहे होते हैं। अरस्तू का मानना ​​था कि पृथ्वी पर गतिहीन वस्तुएं, जो अधिकांश पृथ्वी और पानी के तत्वों से बनी हैं, वे अपने प्राकृतिक स्थान जमीन पर हैं और वे वैसी ही रहेंगी अगर उन्हें अकेला छोड़ दिया जाये। उन्होंने वस्तुओं की अपनी \"प्राकृतिक जगह\" (जैसे, भारी द्रव्यमानों के गिरने के लिए) को खोजने की जन्मजात प्रवृत्ति के बीच के अंतर को स्पष्ट किया, जिसके कारण \"प्राकृतिक गति\", और अप्राकृतिक या बलपूर्वक गति पैदा हुई, जिसके लिए एक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल करने की आवश्यकता थी। यह सिद्धांत, रोजमर्रा के अनुभव पर आधारित है कि वस्तुएं कैसे चलती हैं, जैसे कि एक गाड़ी को चालू रखने के लिए आवश्यक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल, प्रक्षेप्य के व्यवहार के लिए वैचारिक परेशानी होती है, जैसे कि तीरों की उड़ान। जिस स्थान पर तीरंदाज प्रक्षेप्य को ले जाता है वह उड़ान की शुरुआत में होता था, और जब प्रक्षेप्य हवा के माध्यम से आगे बढ़ता था, तो कोई भी सक्षम कुशल कारण उस पर कार्य नहीं करता है। अरस्तू को इस समस्या के बारे में पता था और उन्होंने प्रस्ताव दिया कि प्रक्षेप्य पथ के माध्यम से विस्थापित हवा प्रक्षेप्य को अपने लक्ष्य तक ले जाती है। यह स्पष्टीकरण सामान्य रूप से स्थान परिवर्तन के लिए हवा की तरह एक अविच्छिन्नक की मांग करता है।" }

{ "en": "Who provided a philosophical discussion of force?", "hi": "बल की दार्शनिक चर्चा किसने प्रदान की?" }

{ "en": [ "Aristotle" ], "hi": [ "अरस्तू" ] }

{ "en": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "hi": [ 1 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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Fresnel", "Introduction to quantum mechanics", "Entropy", "Equipartition theorem", "De Broglie–Bohm theory", "Le Sage's theory of gravitation", "Logology (science)", "Temperature", "Light in painting", "Matter", "Field electron emission", "Viscosity", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics", "Gravitational wave", "Standard Model", "History of quantum mechanics", "History of mathematical notation", "Moment of inertia", "Chronology of the universe", "Neutron", "Optics", "Mechanics of planar particle motion", "First law of thermodynamics", "Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector", "Potential energy", "Big Bang", "Light front quantization", "Development communication", "John von Neumann", "Path integral formulation", "List of Dutch discoveries", "Spin (physics)", "External ballistics", "Classical central-force problem", "Electricity", "Maxwell's equations", "Viscosity models for mixtures", "Lift (force)", "Dimensional analysis", "Thermodynamic temperature", "Gauge theory", "A Brief History of Time", "Neutrino", "Lorentz ether theory", "Relativistic quantum mechanics", "Graphene", "Field (physics)", "Schrödinger equation", "Atomic orbital", "Navier–Stokes equations", "Two-body problem in general relativity", "Euclidean vector", "Mass in special relativity", "Dust astronomy", "Differential geometry of surfaces", "Luminiferous aether", "Minkowski space", "Newton's theorem of revolving orbits", "Inflation (cosmology)", "Electromagnetic radiation", "Centrifugal force", "Conservation of energy", "Gravity", "Theory of everything", "Scientific Revolution", "Introduction to gauge theory", "Renormalization", "Relativistic angular momentum", "Heat", "Stress (mechanics)", "Tests of general relativity", "Hilbert space", "Rigid body dynamics", "Criticism of the theory of relativity", "Exergy", "Matrix mechanics", "Magnetic monopole", "Time", "Centripetal force", "Stellar dynamics", "Symmetry in quantum mechanics", "Higgs mechanism", "Tide", "Quantum entanglement", "Relativistic mechanics", "Beta distribution", "AdS/CFT correspondence", "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica", "History of the nude in art", "Pi", "Gas", "Static forces and virtual-particle exchange", "Magnetism", "M-theory", "Faster-than-light", "Capacitor", "South African labour law", "Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model", "Scientific law", "Star", "BRST quantization", "Kinetic energy", "Continuum mechanics", "Dark matter", "Ethnomusicology", "Nuclear fusion", "Liquid", "Nuclear binding energy", "Derivations of the Lorentz transformations", "List of important publications in physics", "Speed of gravity", "Work (thermodynamics)", "Value-form", "Radioactive decay", "Cathode-ray tube", "Virial theorem", "Electromagnetic field", "Time in physics", "Free will", "Galileo Galilei", "Matrix (mathematics)", "Wave", "Uncertainty principle", "Quantum electrodynamics", "Electrodynamic tether", "Periodic table", "Transmission electron microscopy", "Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field", "History of quantum field theory", "Wave function", "Mathematics of general relativity", "History of subatomic physics", "Expansion of the universe", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Quantitative genetics", "Carl Friedrich Gauss", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "N-body problem", "Tribology", "Action at a distance", "Four-vector", "Electric motor", "Classical field theory", "Aircraft flight dynamics", "Kinetic isotope effect", "Geometric algebra", "Bohr model", "Modified Newtonian dynamics", "Constructive set theory", "Noether's theorem", "South African criminal law", "White dwarf", "Sun", "Alkali metal", "Parabola", "Hooke's law", "Brownian motion", "Neutron star", "Pendulum", "Nuclear force", "Representation theory of the Lorentz group", "Aberration (astronomy)", "Scientific method", "Weight", "Vacuum", "Proton", "Fourier optics", "Soil mechanics", "Kaluza–Klein theory", "Causality", "Total internal reflection", "Quark", "Cross product", "Kinematics", "ALICE experiment", "Planet", "Basil Hiley", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Torque", "Molecular dynamics", "Aristotelian physics", "Phonon", "Electromagnetic mass", "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics", "Solar sail", "Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation", "Tartan", "Heat transfer physics", "Newton's law of universal gravitation", "Schwarzschild geodesics", "Four-gradient", "Mathematical physics", "The Spirit of the Age", "Light-front quantization applications", "Quantum gravity", "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "Polarization (waves)", "Well-being contributing factors", "Weak interaction", "Science of Logic", "Axial precession", "Virtual work", "Physiological effects in space", "Van der Waals equation", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics)", "International System of Units", "Fusion power", "Christiaan Huygens", "Thermal conductivity and resistivity", "Magnetometer", "Rocket", "T-symmetry", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Supercapacitor", "South African contract law", "European Union law", "Magnetorotational instability", "Women in science", "Dark energy", "Moon", "Ecology", "Spacecraft flight dynamics", "Scientific theory", "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors", "Mercury (planet)", "Isaac Newton", "Rubber elasticity", "Elementary particle", "Philosophy of space and time", "Rindler coordinates", "Particle accelerator", "Outer space", "Kerr metric", "Chernobyl disaster", "Diffusion", "Bernoulli's principle", "Tokamak", "Tensor", "Michelson–Morley experiment", "Kinetic theory of gases", "Analytical mechanics", "History of the metric system", "Logistic regression", "Pressure", "Xenon monochloride", "Richard Feynman", "History of radar", "Surface tension", "Black-body radiation", "Networked advocacy", "Supersymmetry", "Mathematics", "Proportional–integral–derivative controller", "Galileo project", "Atmospheric entry", "Velocity-addition formula", "Physics of whistles", "Space elevator", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology. In Aristotle's view, the terrestrial sphere contained four elements that come to rest at different \"natural places\" therein. Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water, to be in their natural place on the ground and that they will stay that way if left alone. He distinguished between the innate tendency of objects to find their \"natural place\" (e.g., for heavy bodies to fall), which led to \"natural motion\", and unnatural or forced motion, which required continued application of a force. This theory, based on the everyday experience of how objects move, such as the constant application of a force needed to keep a cart moving, had conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles, such as the flight of arrows. The place where the archer moves the projectile was at the start of the flight, and while the projectile sailed through the air, no discernible efficient cause acts on it. Aristotle was aware of this problem and proposed that the air displaced through the projectile's path carries the projectile to its target. This explanation demands a continuum like air for change of place in general.", "hi": "अरस्तू ने एक बल की अवधारणा को दार्शनिक चर्चा प्रदान की, जो अरस्तू के ब्रह्मांड विज्ञान के अभिन्न अंग के रूप में थी। अरस्तू के दृष्टि में, भौमिक क्षेत्र में चार तत्व होते हैं जो विभिन्न \"प्राकृतिक स्थानों\" में आराम कर रहे होते हैं। अरस्तू का मानना ​​था कि पृथ्वी पर गतिहीन वस्तुएं, जो अधिकांश पृथ्वी और पानी के तत्वों से बनी हैं, वे अपने प्राकृतिक स्थान जमीन पर हैं और वे वैसी ही रहेंगी अगर उन्हें अकेला छोड़ दिया जाये। उन्होंने वस्तुओं की अपनी \"प्राकृतिक जगह\" (जैसे, भारी द्रव्यमानों के गिरने के लिए) को खोजने की जन्मजात प्रवृत्ति के बीच के अंतर को स्पष्ट किया, जिसके कारण \"प्राकृतिक गति\", और अप्राकृतिक या बलपूर्वक गति पैदा हुई, जिसके लिए एक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल करने की आवश्यकता थी। यह सिद्धांत, रोजमर्रा के अनुभव पर आधारित है कि वस्तुएं कैसे चलती हैं, जैसे कि एक गाड़ी को चालू रखने के लिए आवश्यक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल, प्रक्षेप्य के व्यवहार के लिए वैचारिक परेशानी होती है, जैसे कि तीरों की उड़ान। जिस स्थान पर तीरंदाज प्रक्षेप्य को ले जाता है वह उड़ान की शुरुआत में होता था, और जब प्रक्षेप्य हवा के माध्यम से आगे बढ़ता था, तो कोई भी सक्षम कुशल कारण उस पर कार्य नहीं करता है। अरस्तू को इस समस्या के बारे में पता था और उन्होंने प्रस्ताव दिया कि प्रक्षेप्य पथ के माध्यम से विस्थापित हवा प्रक्षेप्य को अपने लक्ष्य तक ले जाती है। यह स्पष्टीकरण सामान्य रूप से स्थान परिवर्तन के लिए हवा की तरह एक अविच्छिन्नक की मांग करता है।" }

{ "en": "What was the concept of force an integral part of?", "hi": "बल की अवधारणा का अभिन्न अंग क्या था?" }

{ "en": [ "Aristotelian cosmology" ], "hi": [ "अरस्तू के ब्रह्मांड विज्ञान" ] }

{ "en": [ 95, 95, 95, 95, 108, 95 ], "hi": [ 60 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel", "Introduction to quantum mechanics", "Entropy", "Equipartition theorem", "De Broglie–Bohm theory", "Le Sage's theory of gravitation", "Logology (science)", "Temperature", "Light in painting", "Matter", "Field electron emission", "Viscosity", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics", "Gravitational wave", "Standard Model", "History of quantum mechanics", "History of mathematical notation", "Moment of inertia", "Chronology of the universe", "Neutron", "Optics", "Mechanics of planar particle motion", "First law of thermodynamics", "Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector", "Potential energy", "Big Bang", "Light front quantization", "Development communication", "John von Neumann", "Path integral formulation", "List of Dutch discoveries", "Spin (physics)", "External ballistics", "Classical central-force problem", "Electricity", "Maxwell's equations", "Viscosity models for mixtures", "Lift (force)", "Dimensional analysis", "Thermodynamic temperature", "Gauge theory", "A Brief History of Time", "Neutrino", "Lorentz ether theory", "Relativistic quantum mechanics", "Graphene", "Field (physics)", "Schrödinger equation", "Atomic orbital", "Navier–Stokes equations", "Two-body problem in general relativity", "Euclidean vector", "Mass in special relativity", "Dust astronomy", "Differential geometry of surfaces", "Luminiferous aether", "Minkowski space", "Newton's theorem of revolving orbits", "Inflation (cosmology)", "Electromagnetic radiation", "Centrifugal force", "Conservation of energy", "Gravity", "Theory of everything", "Scientific Revolution", "Introduction to gauge theory", "Renormalization", "Relativistic angular momentum", "Heat", "Stress (mechanics)", "Tests of general relativity", "Hilbert space", "Rigid body dynamics", "Criticism of the theory of relativity", "Exergy", "Matrix mechanics", "Magnetic monopole", "Time", "Centripetal force", "Stellar dynamics", "Symmetry in quantum mechanics", "Higgs mechanism", "Tide", "Quantum entanglement", "Relativistic mechanics", "Beta distribution", "AdS/CFT correspondence", "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica", "History of the nude in art", "Pi", "Gas", "Static forces and virtual-particle exchange", "Magnetism", "M-theory", "Faster-than-light", "Capacitor", "South African labour law", "Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model", "Scientific law", "Star", "BRST quantization", "Kinetic energy", "Continuum mechanics", "Dark matter", "Ethnomusicology", "Nuclear fusion", "Liquid", "Nuclear binding energy", "Derivations of the Lorentz transformations", "List of important publications in physics", "Speed of gravity", "Work (thermodynamics)", "Value-form", "Radioactive decay", "Cathode-ray tube", "Virial theorem", "Electromagnetic field", "Time in physics", "Free will", "Galileo Galilei", "Matrix (mathematics)", "Wave", "Uncertainty principle", "Quantum electrodynamics", "Electrodynamic tether", "Periodic table", "Transmission electron microscopy", "Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field", "History of quantum field theory", "Wave function", "Mathematics of general relativity", "History of subatomic physics", "Expansion of the universe", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Quantitative genetics", "Carl Friedrich Gauss", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "N-body problem", "Tribology", "Action at a distance", "Four-vector", "Electric motor", "Classical field theory", "Aircraft flight dynamics", "Kinetic isotope effect", "Geometric algebra", "Bohr model", "Modified Newtonian dynamics", "Constructive set theory", "Noether's theorem", "South African criminal law", "White dwarf", "Sun", "Alkali metal", "Parabola", "Hooke's law", "Brownian motion", "Neutron star", "Pendulum", "Nuclear force", "Representation theory of the Lorentz group", "Aberration (astronomy)", "Scientific method", "Weight", "Vacuum", "Proton", "Fourier optics", "Soil mechanics", "Kaluza–Klein theory", "Causality", "Total internal reflection", "Quark", "Cross product", "Kinematics", "ALICE experiment", "Planet", "Basil Hiley", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Torque", "Molecular dynamics", "Aristotelian physics", "Phonon", "Electromagnetic mass", "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics", "Solar sail", "Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation", "Tartan", "Heat transfer physics", "Newton's law of universal gravitation", "Schwarzschild geodesics", "Four-gradient", "Mathematical physics", "The Spirit of the Age", "Light-front quantization applications", "Quantum gravity", "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "Polarization (waves)", "Well-being contributing factors", "Weak interaction", "Science of Logic", "Axial precession", "Virtual work", "Physiological effects in space", "Van der Waals equation", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics)", "International System of Units", "Fusion power", "Christiaan Huygens", "Thermal conductivity and resistivity", "Magnetometer", "Rocket", "T-symmetry", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Supercapacitor", "South African contract law", "European Union law", "Magnetorotational instability", "Women in science", "Dark energy", "Moon", "Ecology", "Spacecraft flight dynamics", "Scientific theory", "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors", "Mercury (planet)", "Isaac Newton", "Rubber elasticity", "Elementary particle", "Philosophy of space and time", "Rindler coordinates", "Particle accelerator", "Outer space", "Kerr metric", "Chernobyl disaster", "Diffusion", "Bernoulli's principle", "Tokamak", "Tensor", "Michelson–Morley experiment", "Kinetic theory of gases", "Analytical mechanics", "History of the metric system", "Logistic regression", "Pressure", "Xenon monochloride", "Richard Feynman", "History of radar", "Surface tension", "Black-body radiation", "Networked advocacy", "Supersymmetry", "Mathematics", "Proportional–integral–derivative controller", "Galileo project", "Atmospheric entry", "Velocity-addition formula", "Physics of whistles", "Space elevator", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology. In Aristotle's view, the terrestrial sphere contained four elements that come to rest at different \"natural places\" therein. Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water, to be in their natural place on the ground and that they will stay that way if left alone. He distinguished between the innate tendency of objects to find their \"natural place\" (e.g., for heavy bodies to fall), which led to \"natural motion\", and unnatural or forced motion, which required continued application of a force. This theory, based on the everyday experience of how objects move, such as the constant application of a force needed to keep a cart moving, had conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles, such as the flight of arrows. The place where the archer moves the projectile was at the start of the flight, and while the projectile sailed through the air, no discernible efficient cause acts on it. Aristotle was aware of this problem and proposed that the air displaced through the projectile's path carries the projectile to its target. This explanation demands a continuum like air for change of place in general.", "hi": "अरस्तू ने एक बल की अवधारणा को दार्शनिक चर्चा प्रदान की, जो अरस्तू के ब्रह्मांड विज्ञान के अभिन्न अंग के रूप में थी। अरस्तू के दृष्टि में, भौमिक क्षेत्र में चार तत्व होते हैं जो विभिन्न \"प्राकृतिक स्थानों\" में आराम कर रहे होते हैं। अरस्तू का मानना ​​था कि पृथ्वी पर गतिहीन वस्तुएं, जो अधिकांश पृथ्वी और पानी के तत्वों से बनी हैं, वे अपने प्राकृतिक स्थान जमीन पर हैं और वे वैसी ही रहेंगी अगर उन्हें अकेला छोड़ दिया जाये। उन्होंने वस्तुओं की अपनी \"प्राकृतिक जगह\" (जैसे, भारी द्रव्यमानों के गिरने के लिए) को खोजने की जन्मजात प्रवृत्ति के बीच के अंतर को स्पष्ट किया, जिसके कारण \"प्राकृतिक गति\", और अप्राकृतिक या बलपूर्वक गति पैदा हुई, जिसके लिए एक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल करने की आवश्यकता थी। यह सिद्धांत, रोजमर्रा के अनुभव पर आधारित है कि वस्तुएं कैसे चलती हैं, जैसे कि एक गाड़ी को चालू रखने के लिए आवश्यक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल, प्रक्षेप्य के व्यवहार के लिए वैचारिक परेशानी होती है, जैसे कि तीरों की उड़ान। जिस स्थान पर तीरंदाज प्रक्षेप्य को ले जाता है वह उड़ान की शुरुआत में होता था, और जब प्रक्षेप्य हवा के माध्यम से आगे बढ़ता था, तो कोई भी सक्षम कुशल कारण उस पर कार्य नहीं करता है। अरस्तू को इस समस्या के बारे में पता था और उन्होंने प्रस्ताव दिया कि प्रक्षेप्य पथ के माध्यम से विस्थापित हवा प्रक्षेप्य को अपने लक्ष्य तक ले जाती है। यह स्पष्टीकरण सामान्य रूप से स्थान परिवर्तन के लिए हवा की तरह एक अविच्छिन्नक की मांग करता है।" }

{ "en": "How many elements did Aristotle believe the terrestrial sphere to be made up of?", "hi": "अरस्तू ने माना कि भौमिक गोले कितने तत्वों से बने होते हैं?" }

{ "en": [ "four" ], "hi": [ "चार" ] }

{ "en": [ 173, 173, 173, 173, 173, 173 ], "hi": [ 157 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

[ "85_station_radio_radio station", "79_station_radio_radio station", "94_crater_rim_lunar", "97_bee family_bee_described", "95_curling_curling championships_curling championship", "19_moth_family_wingspan", "39_voivodeship_gmina_poland", "69_gastropod_snail_marine gastropod", "80_route_highway_state", "71_beetle_species beetle_beetle family", "9_district_rural district_province iran", "67_league_football_club", "6_parish_railway_england", "76_glacier_antarctic_island", "16_india_district_village", "73_tennis_doubles_singles", "62_cricket_cricketer_firstclass", "33_footballer_played_league", "56_film_indian_directed", "75_species_bird_subtropical tropical", "82_stakes_horse_race", "78_star_asteroid_constellation", "89_athletics_championships_metres", "23_municipality_germany_station", "49_team_season_football", "92_beetle_genus_species beetle", "90_miss_pageant_miss universe", "87_formation_geologic_geologic formation", "4_album_song_released", "63_hockey_league_hockey league", "65_species_genus_butterfly", "47_species_genus_fish", "2_album_band_released", "83_golf_tour_pga", "54_navy_ship_uss", "27_football_baseball_played", "77_station_line_km", "59_games_summer_championships", "68_race_racing_championship", "20_species_plant_genus", "55_station_china_province", "81_events_events year_year", "48_school_high school_high", "24_river_island_lake", "46_aircraft_engine_designed", "84_frog_species frog_species", "99_everest_climbing_mount everest", "15_historic_house_building", "86_airline_airlines_air", "93_calendar_year_bc year", "14_fc_football_club", "3_county_township_census", "51_game_games_video game", "13_sir_son_john", "5_olympics_competed_summer olympics", "12_municipality_village_river", "53_election_party_assembly", "52_radio_television_channel", "64_war_army_officer", "1_film_series_television", "28_protein_enzyme_gene", "36_software_data_computer", "26_india_indian_college", "57_commune_france_department", "98_boat_boat race_race", "38_football_cup_teams", "58_wrestling_professional_boxing", "70_theory_function_theorem", "11_novel_series_book", "30_population_town_language", "17_served_republican_state", "41_used_water_energy", "50_company_food_restaurant", "43_surname_given_ancient", "34_published_book_magazine", "44_ibn_islamic_muhammad", "45_chinese_china_japanese", "25_music_opera_composer", "18_art_painter_artist", "40_album_song_music", "88_earthquake_hawaii_mori", "22_company_information_technology", "91_scout_conus_scouts", "72_regiment_army_battalion", "61_hospital_university_college", "29_university_professor_research", "10_german_norwegian_french", "7_act_law_united", "96_weather_amber_vietnamese", "37_university_college_born", "74_bank_company_oil", "8_film_films_directed", "21_russian_soviet_party", "31_footballer_plays_club", "66_church_comune_italy", "35_roman_greek_rome", "60_united nations_party_minister", "32_municipality_province_river", "42_spanish_party_mexican" ]

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Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", 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War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational 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"History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology. In Aristotle's view, the terrestrial sphere contained four elements that come to rest at different \"natural places\" therein. Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water, to be in their natural place on the ground and that they will stay that way if left alone. He distinguished between the innate tendency of objects to find their \"natural place\" (e.g., for heavy bodies to fall), which led to \"natural motion\", and unnatural or forced motion, which required continued application of a force. This theory, based on the everyday experience of how objects move, such as the constant application of a force needed to keep a cart moving, had conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles, such as the flight of arrows. The place where the archer moves the projectile was at the start of the flight, and while the projectile sailed through the air, no discernible efficient cause acts on it. Aristotle was aware of this problem and proposed that the air displaced through the projectile's path carries the projectile to its target. This explanation demands a continuum like air for change of place in general.", "hi": "अरस्तू ने एक बल की अवधारणा को दार्शनिक चर्चा प्रदान की, जो अरस्तू के ब्रह्मांड विज्ञान के अभिन्न अंग के रूप में थी। अरस्तू के दृष्टि में, भौमिक क्षेत्र में चार तत्व होते हैं जो विभिन्न \"प्राकृतिक स्थानों\" में आराम कर रहे होते हैं। अरस्तू का मानना ​​था कि पृथ्वी पर गतिहीन वस्तुएं, जो अधिकांश पृथ्वी और पानी के तत्वों से बनी हैं, वे अपने प्राकृतिक स्थान जमीन पर हैं और वे वैसी ही रहेंगी अगर उन्हें अकेला छोड़ दिया जाये। उन्होंने वस्तुओं की अपनी \"प्राकृतिक जगह\" (जैसे, भारी द्रव्यमानों के गिरने के लिए) को खोजने की जन्मजात प्रवृत्ति के बीच के अंतर को स्पष्ट किया, जिसके कारण \"प्राकृतिक गति\", और अप्राकृतिक या बलपूर्वक गति पैदा हुई, जिसके लिए एक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल करने की आवश्यकता थी। यह सिद्धांत, रोजमर्रा के अनुभव पर आधारित है कि वस्तुएं कैसे चलती हैं, जैसे कि एक गाड़ी को चालू रखने के लिए आवश्यक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल, प्रक्षेप्य के व्यवहार के लिए वैचारिक परेशानी होती है, जैसे कि तीरों की उड़ान। जिस स्थान पर तीरंदाज प्रक्षेप्य को ले जाता है वह उड़ान की शुरुआत में होता था, और जब प्रक्षेप्य हवा के माध्यम से आगे बढ़ता था, तो कोई भी सक्षम कुशल कारण उस पर कार्य नहीं करता है। अरस्तू को इस समस्या के बारे में पता था और उन्होंने प्रस्ताव दिया कि प्रक्षेप्य पथ के माध्यम से विस्थापित हवा प्रक्षेप्य को अपने लक्ष्य तक ले जाती है। यह स्पष्टीकरण सामान्य रूप से स्थान परिवर्तन के लिए हवा की तरह एक अविच्छिन्नक की मांग करता है।" }

{ "en": "Where did Aristotle believe the natural place for earth and water elements?", "hi": "अरस्तू ने पृथ्वी और जल तत्वों के लिए प्राकृतिक स्थान कहां माना था?" }

{ "en": [ "on the ground" ], "hi": [ "जमीन पर" ] }

{ "en": [ 381, 388, 540, 381, 381, 381 ], "hi": [ 354 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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"History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology. In Aristotle's view, the terrestrial sphere contained four elements that come to rest at different \"natural places\" therein. Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water, to be in their natural place on the ground and that they will stay that way if left alone. He distinguished between the innate tendency of objects to find their \"natural place\" (e.g., for heavy bodies to fall), which led to \"natural motion\", and unnatural or forced motion, which required continued application of a force. This theory, based on the everyday experience of how objects move, such as the constant application of a force needed to keep a cart moving, had conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles, such as the flight of arrows. The place where the archer moves the projectile was at the start of the flight, and while the projectile sailed through the air, no discernible efficient cause acts on it. Aristotle was aware of this problem and proposed that the air displaced through the projectile's path carries the projectile to its target. This explanation demands a continuum like air for change of place in general.", "hi": "अरस्तू ने एक बल की अवधारणा को दार्शनिक चर्चा प्रदान की, जो अरस्तू के ब्रह्मांड विज्ञान के अभिन्न अंग के रूप में थी। अरस्तू के दृष्टि में, भौमिक क्षेत्र में चार तत्व होते हैं जो विभिन्न \"प्राकृतिक स्थानों\" में आराम कर रहे होते हैं। अरस्तू का मानना ​​था कि पृथ्वी पर गतिहीन वस्तुएं, जो अधिकांश पृथ्वी और पानी के तत्वों से बनी हैं, वे अपने प्राकृतिक स्थान जमीन पर हैं और वे वैसी ही रहेंगी अगर उन्हें अकेला छोड़ दिया जाये। उन्होंने वस्तुओं की अपनी \"प्राकृतिक जगह\" (जैसे, भारी द्रव्यमानों के गिरने के लिए) को खोजने की जन्मजात प्रवृत्ति के बीच के अंतर को स्पष्ट किया, जिसके कारण \"प्राकृतिक गति\", और अप्राकृतिक या बलपूर्वक गति पैदा हुई, जिसके लिए एक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल करने की आवश्यकता थी। यह सिद्धांत, रोजमर्रा के अनुभव पर आधारित है कि वस्तुएं कैसे चलती हैं, जैसे कि एक गाड़ी को चालू रखने के लिए आवश्यक बल के निरंतर इस्तेमाल, प्रक्षेप्य के व्यवहार के लिए वैचारिक परेशानी होती है, जैसे कि तीरों की उड़ान। जिस स्थान पर तीरंदाज प्रक्षेप्य को ले जाता है वह उड़ान की शुरुआत में होता था, और जब प्रक्षेप्य हवा के माध्यम से आगे बढ़ता था, तो कोई भी सक्षम कुशल कारण उस पर कार्य नहीं करता है। अरस्तू को इस समस्या के बारे में पता था और उन्होंने प्रस्ताव दिया कि प्रक्षेप्य पथ के माध्यम से विस्थापित हवा प्रक्षेप्य को अपने लक्ष्य तक ले जाती है। यह स्पष्टीकरण सामान्य रूप से स्थान परिवर्तन के लिए हवा की तरह एक अविच्छिन्नक की मांग करता है।" }

{ "en": "What did Aristotle refer to forced motion as?", "hi": "अरस्तू ने बलपूर्वक गति का किस रूप में उल्लेख किया?" }

{ "en": [ "unnatural" ], "hi": [ "अप्राकृतिक" ] }

{ "en": [ 598, 598, 577, 598, 641, 598 ], "hi": [ 593 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean 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Abteilung 350", "Supercapacitor", "South African contract law", "European Union law", "Magnetorotational instability", "Women in science", "Dark energy", "Moon", "Ecology", "Spacecraft flight dynamics", "Scientific theory", "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors", "Mercury (planet)", "Isaac Newton", "Rubber elasticity", "Elementary particle", "Philosophy of space and time", "Rindler coordinates", "Particle accelerator", "Outer space", "Kerr metric", "Chernobyl disaster", "Diffusion", "Bernoulli's principle", "Tokamak", "Tensor", "Michelson–Morley experiment", "Kinetic theory of gases", "Analytical mechanics", "History of the metric system", "Logistic regression", "Pressure", "Xenon monochloride", "Richard Feynman", "History of radar", "Surface tension", "Black-body radiation", "Networked advocacy", "Supersymmetry", "Mathematics", "Proportional–integral–derivative controller", "Galileo project", "Atmospheric entry", "Velocity-addition formula", "Physics of whistles", "Space elevator", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of unification of disparate ideas. For example, Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation. Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism. In the 20th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces (all except gravity) are manifestations of matter (fermions) interacting by exchanging virtual particles called gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic forces in electroweak theory subsequently confirmed by observation. The complete formulation of the standard model predicts an as yet unobserved Higgs mechanism, but observations such as neutrino oscillations indicate that the standard model is incomplete. A Grand Unified Theory allowing for the combination of the electroweak interaction with the strong force is held out as a possibility with candidate theories such as supersymmetry proposed to accommodate some of the outstanding unsolved problems in physics. Physicists are still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything. Einstein tried and failed at this endeavor, but currently the most popular approach to answering this question is string theory.:212–219", "hi": "बलों के लिए मूलभूत सिद्धांतों का विकास असमान विचारों के एकीकरण के तौर पर आगे बढ़ा। उदाहरण के लिए, आइजैक न्यूटन ने पृथ्वी की सतह पर गिरने वाली वस्तुओं के लिए जिम्मेदार बल के साथ आकाशीय यांत्रिकी की कक्षाओं के लिए जिम्मेदार बल को गुरुत्वाकर्षण के अपने सार्वभौमिक सिद्धांत में एकीकृत किया। माइकल फैराडे और जेम्स क्लर्क मैक्सवेल ने प्रदर्शित किया कि विद्युत और चुंबकीय बलों को विद्युत चुंबकत्व के एक तर्कयुक्त सिद्धांत के माध्यम से एकीकृत किया गया था। 20 वीं शताब्दी में, क्वांटम यांत्रिकी के विकास ने एक आधुनिक समझ को पैदा किया कि पहले तीन मौलिक बल (गुरुत्वाकर्षण को छोड़कर सभी) सभी पदार्थों (fermions) के प्रस्फुटन होते हैं, जो हिग्ग्स बोसॉन नामक आभासी कणों का आदान-प्रदान कर रहे होते हैं। कण भौतिकी का यह मानक मॉडल बलों को अवस्थिति करता है और वैज्ञानिकों को इलेक्ट्रोवीक सिद्धांत में कमजोर और विद्युत चुम्बकीय बलों के एकीकरण का अनुमान देता है। मानक मॉडल का पूर्ण निरूपण एक अभी तक अप्रमाणित हिग्स प्रणाली की भविष्यवाणी करता है, लेकिन न्यूट्रिनो दोलन जैसी निगरानियों से संकेत मिलता है कि मानक मॉडल अधूरा है। एक महान एकीकरण थ्योरी जो कि मजबूत बल के साथ इलेक्ट्रोवीक अन्योन्यक्रिया के संयोजन की अनुमति देती है, को भौतिकी में बकाया अनसुलझी समस्याओं में से कुछ को समायोजित करने के लिए प्रस्तावित सुपरसिमेट्री जैसे उम्मीदवार सिद्धांतों के साथ एक संभावना के रूप में संघटित करते हैं। भौतिक विज्ञानी अभी भी आत्मनिर्भर एकीकरण मॉडल विकसित करने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं जो कि सभी चार मूलभूत अन्योन्यक्रिया को एक सिद्धांत में जोड़ देगा। आइंस्टीन ने इस प्रयास में कोशिश की और असफल रहे, लेकिन वर्तमान में इस प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए सबसे लोकप्रिय दृष्टिकोण स्ट्रिंग सिद्धांत है ।: 212–219" }

{ "en": "Who formed the universal theory of gravitation?", "hi": "गुरुत्वाकर्षण के सार्वभौमिक सिद्धांत की स्थापना किसने किया था?" }

{ "en": [ "Isaac Newton" ], "hi": [ "आइजैक न्यूटन" ] }

{ "en": [ 125, 125, 125, 125 ], "hi": [ 98 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel", "Introduction to quantum mechanics", "Entropy", "Equipartition theorem", "De Broglie–Bohm theory", "Le Sage's theory of gravitation", "Logology (science)", "Temperature", "Light in painting", "Matter", "Field electron emission", "Viscosity", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics", "Gravitational wave", "Standard Model", "History of quantum mechanics", "History of mathematical notation", "Moment of inertia", "Chronology of the universe", "Neutron", "Optics", "Mechanics of planar particle motion", "First law of thermodynamics", "Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector", "Potential energy", "Big Bang", "Light front quantization", "Development communication", "John von Neumann", "Path integral formulation", "List of Dutch discoveries", "Spin (physics)", "External ballistics", "Classical central-force problem", "Electricity", "Maxwell's equations", "Viscosity models for mixtures", "Lift (force)", "Dimensional analysis", "Thermodynamic temperature", "Gauge theory", "A 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"Kinematics", "ALICE experiment", "Planet", "Basil Hiley", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Torque", "Molecular dynamics", "Aristotelian physics", "Phonon", "Electromagnetic mass", "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics", "Solar sail", "Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation", "Tartan", "Heat transfer physics", "Newton's law of universal gravitation", "Schwarzschild geodesics", "Four-gradient", "Mathematical physics", "The Spirit of the Age", "Light-front quantization applications", "Quantum gravity", "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "Polarization (waves)", "Well-being contributing factors", "Weak interaction", "Science of Logic", "Axial precession", "Virtual work", "Physiological effects in space", "Van der Waals equation", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics)", "International System of Units", "Fusion power", "Christiaan Huygens", "Thermal conductivity and resistivity", "Magnetometer", "Rocket", "T-symmetry", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Supercapacitor", "South African contract law", "European Union law", "Magnetorotational instability", "Women in science", "Dark energy", "Moon", "Ecology", "Spacecraft flight dynamics", "Scientific theory", "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors", "Mercury (planet)", "Isaac Newton", "Rubber elasticity", "Elementary particle", "Philosophy of space and time", "Rindler coordinates", "Particle accelerator", "Outer space", "Kerr metric", "Chernobyl disaster", "Diffusion", "Bernoulli's principle", "Tokamak", "Tensor", "Michelson–Morley experiment", "Kinetic theory of gases", "Analytical mechanics", "History of the metric system", "Logistic regression", "Pressure", "Xenon monochloride", "Richard Feynman", "History of radar", "Surface tension", "Black-body radiation", "Networked advocacy", "Supersymmetry", "Mathematics", "Proportional–integral–derivative controller", "Galileo project", "Atmospheric entry", "Velocity-addition formula", "Physics of whistles", "Space elevator", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United 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"Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of unification of disparate ideas. For example, Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation. Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism. In the 20th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces (all except gravity) are manifestations of matter (fermions) interacting by exchanging virtual particles called gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic forces in electroweak theory subsequently confirmed by observation. The complete formulation of the standard model predicts an as yet unobserved Higgs mechanism, but observations such as neutrino oscillations indicate that the standard model is incomplete. A Grand Unified Theory allowing for the combination of the electroweak interaction with the strong force is held out as a possibility with candidate theories such as supersymmetry proposed to accommodate some of the outstanding unsolved problems in physics. Physicists are still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything. Einstein tried and failed at this endeavor, but currently the most popular approach to answering this question is string theory.:212–219", "hi": "बलों के लिए मूलभूत सिद्धांतों का विकास असमान विचारों के एकीकरण के तौर पर आगे बढ़ा। उदाहरण के लिए, आइजैक न्यूटन ने पृथ्वी की सतह पर गिरने वाली वस्तुओं के लिए जिम्मेदार बल के साथ आकाशीय यांत्रिकी की कक्षाओं के लिए जिम्मेदार बल को गुरुत्वाकर्षण के अपने सार्वभौमिक सिद्धांत में एकीकृत किया। माइकल फैराडे और जेम्स क्लर्क मैक्सवेल ने प्रदर्शित किया कि विद्युत और चुंबकीय बलों को विद्युत चुंबकत्व के एक तर्कयुक्त सिद्धांत के माध्यम से एकीकृत किया गया था। 20 वीं शताब्दी में, क्वांटम यांत्रिकी के विकास ने एक आधुनिक समझ को पैदा किया कि पहले तीन मौलिक बल (गुरुत्वाकर्षण को छोड़कर सभी) सभी पदार्थों (fermions) के प्रस्फुटन होते हैं, जो हिग्ग्स बोसॉन नामक आभासी कणों का आदान-प्रदान कर रहे होते हैं। कण भौतिकी का यह मानक मॉडल बलों को अवस्थिति करता है और वैज्ञानिकों को इलेक्ट्रोवीक सिद्धांत में कमजोर और विद्युत चुम्बकीय बलों के एकीकरण का अनुमान देता है। मानक मॉडल का पूर्ण निरूपण एक अभी तक अप्रमाणित हिग्स प्रणाली की भविष्यवाणी करता है, लेकिन न्यूट्रिनो दोलन जैसी निगरानियों से संकेत मिलता है कि मानक मॉडल अधूरा है। एक महान एकीकरण थ्योरी जो कि मजबूत बल के साथ इलेक्ट्रोवीक अन्योन्यक्रिया के संयोजन की अनुमति देती है, को भौतिकी में बकाया अनसुलझी समस्याओं में से कुछ को समायोजित करने के लिए प्रस्तावित सुपरसिमेट्री जैसे उम्मीदवार सिद्धांतों के साथ एक संभावना के रूप में संघटित करते हैं। भौतिक विज्ञानी अभी भी आत्मनिर्भर एकीकरण मॉडल विकसित करने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं जो कि सभी चार मूलभूत अन्योन्यक्रिया को एक सिद्धांत में जोड़ देगा। आइंस्टीन ने इस प्रयास में कोशिश की और असफल रहे, लेकिन वर्तमान में इस प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए सबसे लोकप्रिय दृष्टिकोण स्ट्रिंग सिद्धांत है ।: 212–219" }

{ "en": "In what century was quantum mechanics made? ", "hi": "क्वांटम यांत्रिकी किस शताब्दी में बनाई गई थी?" }

{ "en": [ "20th" ], "hi": [ "20 वीं" ] }

{ "en": [ 479, 475, 479, 479 ], "hi": [ 448 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel", "Introduction to quantum mechanics", "Entropy", "Equipartition theorem", "De Broglie–Bohm theory", "Le Sage's theory of gravitation", "Logology (science)", "Temperature", "Light in painting", "Matter", "Field electron emission", "Viscosity", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics", "Gravitational wave", "Standard Model", "History of quantum mechanics", "History of mathematical notation", "Moment of inertia", "Chronology of the universe", "Neutron", "Optics", "Mechanics of planar particle motion", "First law of thermodynamics", "Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector", "Potential energy", "Big Bang", "Light front quantization", "Development communication", "John von Neumann", "Path integral formulation", "List of Dutch discoveries", "Spin (physics)", "External ballistics", "Classical central-force problem", "Electricity", "Maxwell's equations", "Viscosity models for mixtures", "Lift (force)", "Dimensional analysis", "Thermodynamic temperature", "Gauge theory", "A Brief History of Time", "Neutrino", "Lorentz ether theory", "Relativistic quantum mechanics", "Graphene", "Field (physics)", "Schrödinger equation", "Atomic orbital", "Navier–Stokes equations", "Two-body problem in general relativity", "Euclidean vector", "Mass in special relativity", "Dust astronomy", "Differential geometry of surfaces", "Luminiferous aether", "Minkowski space", "Newton's theorem of revolving orbits", "Inflation (cosmology)", "Electromagnetic radiation", "Centrifugal force", "Conservation of energy", "Gravity", "Theory of everything", "Scientific Revolution", "Introduction to gauge theory", "Renormalization", "Relativistic angular momentum", "Heat", "Stress (mechanics)", "Tests of general relativity", "Hilbert space", "Rigid body dynamics", "Criticism of the theory of relativity", "Exergy", "Matrix mechanics", "Magnetic monopole", "Time", "Centripetal force", "Stellar dynamics", "Symmetry in quantum mechanics", "Higgs mechanism", "Tide", "Quantum entanglement", "Relativistic mechanics", "Beta distribution", "AdS/CFT correspondence", "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica", "History of the nude in art", "Pi", "Gas", "Static forces and virtual-particle exchange", "Magnetism", "M-theory", "Faster-than-light", "Capacitor", "South African labour law", "Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model", "Scientific law", "Star", "BRST quantization", "Kinetic energy", "Continuum mechanics", "Dark matter", "Ethnomusicology", "Nuclear fusion", "Liquid", "Nuclear binding energy", "Derivations of the Lorentz transformations", "List of important publications in physics", "Speed of gravity", "Work (thermodynamics)", "Value-form", "Radioactive decay", "Cathode-ray tube", "Virial theorem", "Electromagnetic field", "Time in physics", "Free will", "Galileo Galilei", "Matrix (mathematics)", "Wave", "Uncertainty principle", "Quantum electrodynamics", "Electrodynamic tether", "Periodic table", "Transmission electron microscopy", "Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field", "History of quantum field theory", "Wave function", "Mathematics of general relativity", "History of subatomic physics", "Expansion of the universe", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Quantitative genetics", "Carl Friedrich Gauss", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "N-body problem", "Tribology", "Action at a distance", "Four-vector", "Electric motor", "Classical field theory", "Aircraft flight dynamics", "Kinetic isotope effect", "Geometric algebra", "Bohr model", "Modified Newtonian dynamics", "Constructive set theory", "Noether's theorem", "South African criminal law", "White dwarf", "Sun", "Alkali metal", "Parabola", "Hooke's law", "Brownian motion", "Neutron star", "Pendulum", "Nuclear force", "Representation theory of the Lorentz group", "Aberration (astronomy)", "Scientific method", "Weight", "Vacuum", "Proton", "Fourier optics", "Soil mechanics", "Kaluza–Klein theory", "Causality", "Total internal reflection", "Quark", "Cross product", "Kinematics", "ALICE experiment", "Planet", "Basil Hiley", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Torque", "Molecular dynamics", "Aristotelian physics", "Phonon", "Electromagnetic mass", "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics", "Solar sail", "Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation", "Tartan", "Heat transfer physics", "Newton's law of universal gravitation", "Schwarzschild geodesics", "Four-gradient", "Mathematical physics", "The Spirit of the Age", "Light-front quantization applications", "Quantum gravity", "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "Polarization (waves)", "Well-being contributing factors", "Weak interaction", "Science of Logic", "Axial precession", "Virtual work", "Physiological effects in space", "Van der Waals equation", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics)", "International System of Units", "Fusion power", "Christiaan Huygens", "Thermal conductivity and resistivity", "Magnetometer", "Rocket", "T-symmetry", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Supercapacitor", "South African contract law", "European Union law", "Magnetorotational instability", "Women in science", "Dark energy", "Moon", "Ecology", "Spacecraft flight dynamics", "Scientific theory", "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors", "Mercury (planet)", "Isaac Newton", "Rubber elasticity", "Elementary particle", "Philosophy of space and time", "Rindler coordinates", "Particle accelerator", "Outer space", "Kerr metric", "Chernobyl disaster", "Diffusion", "Bernoulli's principle", "Tokamak", "Tensor", "Michelson–Morley experiment", "Kinetic theory of gases", "Analytical mechanics", "History of the metric system", "Logistic regression", "Pressure", "Xenon monochloride", "Richard Feynman", "History of radar", "Surface tension", "Black-body radiation", "Networked advocacy", "Supersymmetry", "Mathematics", "Proportional–integral–derivative controller", "Galileo project", "Atmospheric entry", "Velocity-addition formula", "Physics of whistles", "Space elevator", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of unification of disparate ideas. For example, Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation. Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism. In the 20th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces (all except gravity) are manifestations of matter (fermions) interacting by exchanging virtual particles called gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic forces in electroweak theory subsequently confirmed by observation. The complete formulation of the standard model predicts an as yet unobserved Higgs mechanism, but observations such as neutrino oscillations indicate that the standard model is incomplete. A Grand Unified Theory allowing for the combination of the electroweak interaction with the strong force is held out as a possibility with candidate theories such as supersymmetry proposed to accommodate some of the outstanding unsolved problems in physics. Physicists are still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything. Einstein tried and failed at this endeavor, but currently the most popular approach to answering this question is string theory.:212–219", "hi": "बलों के लिए मूलभूत सिद्धांतों का विकास असमान विचारों के एकीकरण के तौर पर आगे बढ़ा। उदाहरण के लिए, आइजैक न्यूटन ने पृथ्वी की सतह पर गिरने वाली वस्तुओं के लिए जिम्मेदार बल के साथ आकाशीय यांत्रिकी की कक्षाओं के लिए जिम्मेदार बल को गुरुत्वाकर्षण के अपने सार्वभौमिक सिद्धांत में एकीकृत किया। माइकल फैराडे और जेम्स क्लर्क मैक्सवेल ने प्रदर्शित किया कि विद्युत और चुंबकीय बलों को विद्युत चुंबकत्व के एक तर्कयुक्त सिद्धांत के माध्यम से एकीकृत किया गया था। 20 वीं शताब्दी में, क्वांटम यांत्रिकी के विकास ने एक आधुनिक समझ को पैदा किया कि पहले तीन मौलिक बल (गुरुत्वाकर्षण को छोड़कर सभी) सभी पदार्थों (fermions) के प्रस्फुटन होते हैं, जो हिग्ग्स बोसॉन नामक आभासी कणों का आदान-प्रदान कर रहे होते हैं। कण भौतिकी का यह मानक मॉडल बलों को अवस्थिति करता है और वैज्ञानिकों को इलेक्ट्रोवीक सिद्धांत में कमजोर और विद्युत चुम्बकीय बलों के एकीकरण का अनुमान देता है। मानक मॉडल का पूर्ण निरूपण एक अभी तक अप्रमाणित हिग्स प्रणाली की भविष्यवाणी करता है, लेकिन न्यूट्रिनो दोलन जैसी निगरानियों से संकेत मिलता है कि मानक मॉडल अधूरा है। एक महान एकीकरण थ्योरी जो कि मजबूत बल के साथ इलेक्ट्रोवीक अन्योन्यक्रिया के संयोजन की अनुमति देती है, को भौतिकी में बकाया अनसुलझी समस्याओं में से कुछ को समायोजित करने के लिए प्रस्तावित सुपरसिमेट्री जैसे उम्मीदवार सिद्धांतों के साथ एक संभावना के रूप में संघटित करते हैं। भौतिक विज्ञानी अभी भी आत्मनिर्भर एकीकरण मॉडल विकसित करने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं जो कि सभी चार मूलभूत अन्योन्यक्रिया को एक सिद्धांत में जोड़ देगा। आइंस्टीन ने इस प्रयास में कोशिश की और असफल रहे, लेकिन वर्तमान में इस प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए सबसे लोकप्रिय दृष्टिकोण स्ट्रिंग सिद्धांत है ।: 212–219" }

{ "en": "What kind of self-consistent models are physicists trying to make that would create a theory of everything?", "hi": "भौतिकविद किस तरह के आत्मनिर्भर मॉडल बनाने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं जो हर चीज का एक सिद्धांत तैयार करेगा?" }

{ "en": [ "unification" ], "hi": [ "एकीकरण" ] }

{ "en": [ 1457, 1457, 1457, 1457 ], "hi": [ 1307 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket 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"Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. 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{ "en": "The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of unification of disparate ideas. For example, Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation. Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism. In the 20th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces (all except gravity) are manifestations of matter (fermions) interacting by exchanging virtual particles called gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic forces in electroweak theory subsequently confirmed by observation. The complete formulation of the standard model predicts an as yet unobserved Higgs mechanism, but observations such as neutrino oscillations indicate that the standard model is incomplete. A Grand Unified Theory allowing for the combination of the electroweak interaction with the strong force is held out as a possibility with candidate theories such as supersymmetry proposed to accommodate some of the outstanding unsolved problems in physics. Physicists are still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything. Einstein tried and failed at this endeavor, but currently the most popular approach to answering this question is string theory.:212–219", "hi": "बलों के लिए मूलभूत सिद्धांतों का विकास असमान विचारों के एकीकरण के तौर पर आगे बढ़ा। उदाहरण के लिए, आइजैक न्यूटन ने पृथ्वी की सतह पर गिरने वाली वस्तुओं के लिए जिम्मेदार बल के साथ आकाशीय यांत्रिकी की कक्षाओं के लिए जिम्मेदार बल को गुरुत्वाकर्षण के अपने सार्वभौमिक सिद्धांत में एकीकृत किया। माइकल फैराडे और जेम्स क्लर्क मैक्सवेल ने प्रदर्शित किया कि विद्युत और चुंबकीय बलों को विद्युत चुंबकत्व के एक तर्कयुक्त सिद्धांत के माध्यम से एकीकृत किया गया था। 20 वीं शताब्दी में, क्वांटम यांत्रिकी के विकास ने एक आधुनिक समझ को पैदा किया कि पहले तीन मौलिक बल (गुरुत्वाकर्षण को छोड़कर सभी) सभी पदार्थों (fermions) के प्रस्फुटन होते हैं, जो हिग्ग्स बोसॉन नामक आभासी कणों का आदान-प्रदान कर रहे होते हैं। कण भौतिकी का यह मानक मॉडल बलों को अवस्थिति करता है और वैज्ञानिकों को इलेक्ट्रोवीक सिद्धांत में कमजोर और विद्युत चुम्बकीय बलों के एकीकरण का अनुमान देता है। मानक मॉडल का पूर्ण निरूपण एक अभी तक अप्रमाणित हिग्स प्रणाली की भविष्यवाणी करता है, लेकिन न्यूट्रिनो दोलन जैसी निगरानियों से संकेत मिलता है कि मानक मॉडल अधूरा है। एक महान एकीकरण थ्योरी जो कि मजबूत बल के साथ इलेक्ट्रोवीक अन्योन्यक्रिया के संयोजन की अनुमति देती है, को भौतिकी में बकाया अनसुलझी समस्याओं में से कुछ को समायोजित करने के लिए प्रस्तावित सुपरसिमेट्री जैसे उम्मीदवार सिद्धांतों के साथ एक संभावना के रूप में संघटित करते हैं। भौतिक विज्ञानी अभी भी आत्मनिर्भर एकीकरण मॉडल विकसित करने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं जो कि सभी चार मूलभूत अन्योन्यक्रिया को एक सिद्धांत में जोड़ देगा। आइंस्टीन ने इस प्रयास में कोशिश की और असफल रहे, लेकिन वर्तमान में इस प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए सबसे लोकप्रिय दृष्टिकोण स्ट्रिंग सिद्धांत है ।: 212–219" }

{ "en": "What type of physics model did Einstein fail to make?", "hi": "आइंस्टीन किस प्रकार का भौतिकी मॉडल बनाने में असफल रहे?" }

{ "en": [ "self-consistent unification" ], "hi": [ "आत्मनिर्भर एकीकरण" ] }

{ "en": [ 1441, 1441, 1441, 1441 ], "hi": [ 1296 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Since then, and so far, general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity. In GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational fields travel under their own inertia in straight lines through curved space-time – defined as the shortest space-time path between two space-time events. From the perspective of the object, all motion occurs as if there were no gravitation whatsoever. It is only when observing the motion in a global sense that the curvature of space-time can be observed and the force is inferred from the object's curved path. Thus, the straight line path in space-time is seen as a curved line in space, and it is called the ballistic trajectory of the object. For example, a basketball thrown from the ground moves in a parabola, as it is in a uniform gravitational field. Its space-time trajectory (when the extra ct dimension is added) is almost a straight line, slightly curved (with the radius of curvature of the order of few light-years). The time derivative of the changing momentum of the object is what we label as \"gravitational force\".", "hi": "तब से, और अब तक, सामान्य सापेक्षता को सिद्धांत के रूप में स्वीकार किया गया है जो गुरुत्वाकर्षण को सबसे अच्छा समझाती है। GR में, गुरुत्वाकर्षण को एक बल के रूप में नहीं देखा जाता है, बल्कि, गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्र में स्वतंत्र रूप से घूमने वाली वस्तुएं घुमावदार अंतरिक्ष-समय के माध्यम से सीधी रेखाओं में अपनी जड़ता के तहत यात्रा करती हैं - दो अंतरिक्ष-समय की घटनाओं के बीच सबसे कम स्थान-समय पथ के रूप में परिभाषित किया गया है। वस्तु के दृष्टिकोण से, सारी गति तब होती है जैसे कि कोई गुरुत्वाकर्षण नहीं था। यह तभी होता है जब वैश्विक अर्थों में गति का पर्यवेक्षण किया जाता है जिसने अंतरिक्ष-समय की वक्रता देखी जा सकती है और बल को वस्तु के घुमावदार रास्ते से हटा दिया जाता है। इस प्रकार, अंतरिक्ष-समय में सीधे रेखा पथ को अंतरिक्ष में एक घुमावदार रेखा के रूप में देखा जाता है, और इसे वस्तु का बैलिस्टिक प्रक्षेपवक्र कहा जाता है। उदाहरण के लिए, जमीन से फेंकी गयी एक बास्केटबॉल एक परबोला में चलती है, क्योंकि यह एक समान गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्र में है। इसका अंतरिक्ष-समय प्रक्षेपवक्र (जब अतिरिक्त ct आयाम को जोड़ा जाता है) लगभग एक सीधी रेखा है, थोड़ा घुमावदार (कुछ प्रकाश-वर्षों के क्रम के वक्रता के त्रिज्या के साथ)। ऑब्जेक्ट की बदलती गति का समय अमौलिक है जिसे हम \"गुरुत्वाकर्षण बल\" के रूप में वर्गीकृत करते हैं।" }

{ "en": "What theory best explains gravity?", "hi": "गुरुत्वाकर्षण किस सिद्धांत को सबसे अच्छा बताता है?" }

{ "en": [ "general relativity" ], "hi": [ "सामान्य सापेक्षता" ] }

{ "en": [ 24, 24, 24, 24 ], "hi": [ 17 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel", "Introduction to quantum mechanics", "Entropy", "Equipartition theorem", "De Broglie–Bohm theory", "Le Sage's theory of gravitation", "Logology (science)", "Temperature", "Light in painting", "Matter", "Field electron emission", "Viscosity", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics", "Gravitational wave", "Standard Model", "History of quantum mechanics", "History of mathematical notation", "Moment of inertia", "Chronology of the universe", "Neutron", "Optics", "Mechanics of planar particle motion", "First law of thermodynamics", "Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector", "Potential energy", "Big Bang", "Light front quantization", "Development communication", "John von Neumann", "Path integral formulation", "List of Dutch discoveries", "Spin (physics)", "External ballistics", "Classical central-force problem", "Electricity", "Maxwell's equations", "Viscosity models for mixtures", "Lift (force)", "Dimensional analysis", "Thermodynamic temperature", "Gauge theory", "A Brief History of Time", "Neutrino", "Lorentz ether theory", "Relativistic quantum mechanics", "Graphene", "Field (physics)", "Schrödinger equation", "Atomic orbital", "Navier–Stokes equations", "Two-body problem in general relativity", "Euclidean vector", "Mass in special relativity", "Dust astronomy", "Differential geometry of surfaces", "Luminiferous aether", "Minkowski space", "Newton's theorem of revolving orbits", "Inflation (cosmology)", "Electromagnetic radiation", "Centrifugal force", "Conservation of energy", "Gravity", "Theory of everything", "Scientific Revolution", "Introduction to gauge theory", "Renormalization", "Relativistic angular momentum", "Heat", "Stress (mechanics)", "Tests of general relativity", "Hilbert space", "Rigid body dynamics", "Criticism of the theory of relativity", "Exergy", "Matrix mechanics", "Magnetic monopole", "Time", "Centripetal force", "Stellar dynamics", "Symmetry in quantum mechanics", "Higgs mechanism", "Tide", "Quantum entanglement", 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the electromagnetic field", "History of quantum field theory", "Wave function", "Mathematics of general relativity", "History of subatomic physics", "Expansion of the universe", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Quantitative genetics", "Carl Friedrich Gauss", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "N-body problem", "Tribology", "Action at a distance", "Four-vector", "Electric motor", "Classical field theory", "Aircraft flight dynamics", "Kinetic isotope effect", "Geometric algebra", "Bohr model", "Modified Newtonian dynamics", "Constructive set theory", "Noether's theorem", "South African criminal law", "White dwarf", "Sun", "Alkali metal", "Parabola", "Hooke's law", "Brownian motion", "Neutron star", "Pendulum", "Nuclear force", "Representation theory of the Lorentz group", "Aberration (astronomy)", "Scientific method", "Weight", "Vacuum", "Proton", "Fourier optics", "Soil mechanics", "Kaluza–Klein theory", "Causality", "Total internal reflection", "Quark", "Cross product", "Kinematics", "ALICE experiment", "Planet", "Basil Hiley", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Torque", "Molecular dynamics", "Aristotelian physics", "Phonon", "Electromagnetic mass", "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics", "Solar sail", "Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation", "Tartan", "Heat transfer physics", "Newton's law of universal gravitation", "Schwarzschild geodesics", "Four-gradient", "Mathematical physics", "The Spirit of the Age", "Light-front quantization applications", "Quantum gravity", "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "Polarization (waves)", "Well-being contributing factors", "Weak interaction", "Science of Logic", "Axial precession", "Virtual work", "Physiological effects in space", "Van der Waals equation", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics)", "International System of Units", "Fusion power", "Christiaan Huygens", "Thermal conductivity and resistivity", "Magnetometer", "Rocket", "T-symmetry", "Luftnachrichten 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history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Since then, and so far, general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity. In GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational fields travel under their own inertia in straight lines through curved space-time – defined as the shortest space-time path between two space-time events. From the perspective of the object, all motion occurs as if there were no gravitation whatsoever. It is only when observing the motion in a global sense that the curvature of space-time can be observed and the force is inferred from the object's curved path. Thus, the straight line path in space-time is seen as a curved line in space, and it is called the ballistic trajectory of the object. For example, a basketball thrown from the ground moves in a parabola, as it is in a uniform gravitational field. Its space-time trajectory (when the extra ct dimension is added) is almost a straight line, slightly curved (with the radius of curvature of the order of few light-years). The time derivative of the changing momentum of the object is what we label as \"gravitational force\".", "hi": "तब से, और अब तक, सामान्य सापेक्षता को सिद्धांत के रूप में स्वीकार किया गया है जो गुरुत्वाकर्षण को सबसे अच्छा समझाती है। GR में, गुरुत्वाकर्षण को एक बल के रूप में नहीं देखा जाता है, बल्कि, गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्र में स्वतंत्र रूप से घूमने वाली वस्तुएं घुमावदार अंतरिक्ष-समय के माध्यम से सीधी रेखाओं में अपनी जड़ता के तहत यात्रा करती हैं - दो अंतरिक्ष-समय की घटनाओं के बीच सबसे कम स्थान-समय पथ के रूप में परिभाषित किया गया है। वस्तु के दृष्टिकोण से, सारी गति तब होती है जैसे कि कोई गुरुत्वाकर्षण नहीं था। यह तभी होता है जब वैश्विक अर्थों में गति का पर्यवेक्षण किया जाता है जिसने अंतरिक्ष-समय की वक्रता देखी जा सकती है और बल को वस्तु के घुमावदार रास्ते से हटा दिया जाता है। इस प्रकार, अंतरिक्ष-समय में सीधे रेखा पथ को अंतरिक्ष में एक घुमावदार रेखा के रूप में देखा जाता है, और इसे वस्तु का बैलिस्टिक प्रक्षेपवक्र कहा जाता है। उदाहरण के लिए, जमीन से फेंकी गयी एक बास्केटबॉल एक परबोला में चलती है, क्योंकि यह एक समान गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्र में है। इसका अंतरिक्ष-समय प्रक्षेपवक्र (जब अतिरिक्त ct आयाम को जोड़ा जाता है) लगभग एक सीधी रेखा है, थोड़ा घुमावदार (कुछ प्रकाश-वर्षों के क्रम के वक्रता के त्रिज्या के साथ)। ऑब्जेक्ट की बदलती गति का समय अमौलिक है जिसे हम \"गुरुत्वाकर्षण बल\" के रूप में वर्गीकृत करते हैं।" }

{ "en": "What space-time path is seen as a curved line in space?", "hi": "अंतरिक्ष में एक वक्र रेखा के रूप में स्पेस-टाइम पथ को क्या कहा जाता है?" }

{ "en": [ "ballistic trajectory" ], "hi": [ "बैलिस्टिक प्रक्षेपवक्र" ] }

{ "en": [ 716, 322, 244, 298 ], "hi": [ 784 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel", "Introduction to quantum mechanics", "Entropy", "Equipartition theorem", "De Broglie–Bohm theory", "Le Sage's theory of gravitation", "Logology (science)", "Temperature", "Light in painting", "Matter", "Field electron emission", "Viscosity", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics", "Gravitational wave", "Standard Model", "History of quantum mechanics", "History of mathematical notation", "Moment of inertia", "Chronology of the universe", "Neutron", "Optics", "Mechanics of planar particle motion", "First law of thermodynamics", "Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector", "Potential energy", "Big Bang", "Light front quantization", "Development communication", "John von Neumann", "Path integral formulation", "List of Dutch discoveries", "Spin (physics)", "External ballistics", "Classical central-force problem", "Electricity", "Maxwell's equations", "Viscosity models for mixtures", "Lift (force)", "Dimensional analysis", "Thermodynamic temperature", "Gauge theory", "A Brief History of Time", "Neutrino", "Lorentz ether theory", "Relativistic quantum mechanics", "Graphene", "Field (physics)", "Schrödinger equation", "Atomic orbital", "Navier–Stokes equations", "Two-body problem in general relativity", "Euclidean vector", "Mass in special relativity", "Dust astronomy", "Differential geometry of surfaces", "Luminiferous aether", "Minkowski space", "Newton's theorem of revolving orbits", "Inflation (cosmology)", "Electromagnetic radiation", "Centrifugal force", "Conservation of energy", "Gravity", "Theory of everything", "Scientific Revolution", "Introduction to gauge theory", "Renormalization", "Relativistic angular momentum", "Heat", "Stress (mechanics)", "Tests of general relativity", "Hilbert space", "Rigid body dynamics", "Criticism of the theory of relativity", "Exergy", "Matrix mechanics", "Magnetic monopole", "Time", "Centripetal force", "Stellar dynamics", "Symmetry in quantum mechanics", "Higgs mechanism", "Tide", "Quantum entanglement", "Relativistic mechanics", "Beta distribution", "AdS/CFT correspondence", "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica", "History of the nude in art", "Pi", "Gas", "Static forces and virtual-particle exchange", "Magnetism", "M-theory", "Faster-than-light", "Capacitor", "South African labour law", "Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model", "Scientific law", "Star", "BRST quantization", "Kinetic energy", "Continuum mechanics", "Dark matter", "Ethnomusicology", "Nuclear fusion", "Liquid", "Nuclear binding energy", "Derivations of the Lorentz transformations", "List of important publications in physics", "Speed of gravity", "Work (thermodynamics)", "Value-form", "Radioactive decay", "Cathode-ray tube", "Virial theorem", "Electromagnetic field", "Time in physics", "Free will", "Galileo Galilei", "Matrix (mathematics)", "Wave", "Uncertainty principle", "Quantum electrodynamics", "Electrodynamic tether", "Periodic table", "Transmission electron microscopy", "Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field", "History of quantum field theory", "Wave function", "Mathematics of general relativity", "History of subatomic physics", "Expansion of the universe", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Quantitative genetics", "Carl Friedrich Gauss", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "N-body problem", "Tribology", "Action at a distance", "Four-vector", "Electric motor", "Classical field theory", "Aircraft flight dynamics", "Kinetic isotope effect", "Geometric algebra", "Bohr model", "Modified Newtonian dynamics", "Constructive set theory", "Noether's theorem", "South African criminal law", "White dwarf", "Sun", "Alkali metal", "Parabola", "Hooke's law", "Brownian motion", "Neutron star", "Pendulum", "Nuclear force", "Representation theory of the Lorentz group", "Aberration (astronomy)", "Scientific method", "Weight", "Vacuum", "Proton", "Fourier optics", "Soil mechanics", "Kaluza–Klein theory", "Causality", "Total internal reflection", "Quark", "Cross product", "Kinematics", "ALICE experiment", "Planet", "Basil Hiley", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Torque", "Molecular dynamics", "Aristotelian physics", "Phonon", "Electromagnetic mass", "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics", "Solar sail", "Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation", "Tartan", "Heat transfer physics", "Newton's law of universal gravitation", "Schwarzschild geodesics", "Four-gradient", "Mathematical physics", "The Spirit of the Age", "Light-front quantization applications", "Quantum gravity", "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "Polarization (waves)", "Well-being contributing factors", "Weak interaction", "Science of Logic", "Axial precession", "Virtual work", "Physiological effects in space", "Van der Waals equation", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics)", "International System of Units", "Fusion power", "Christiaan Huygens", "Thermal conductivity and resistivity", "Magnetometer", "Rocket", "T-symmetry", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Supercapacitor", "South African contract law", "European Union law", "Magnetorotational instability", "Women in science", "Dark energy", "Moon", "Ecology", "Spacecraft flight dynamics", "Scientific theory", "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors", "Mercury (planet)", "Isaac Newton", "Rubber elasticity", "Elementary particle", "Philosophy of space and time", "Rindler coordinates", "Particle accelerator", "Outer space", "Kerr metric", "Chernobyl disaster", "Diffusion", "Bernoulli's principle", "Tokamak", "Tensor", "Michelson–Morley experiment", "Kinetic theory of gases", "Analytical mechanics", "History of the metric system", "Logistic regression", "Pressure", "Xenon monochloride", "Richard Feynman", "History of radar", "Surface tension", "Black-body radiation", "Networked advocacy", "Supersymmetry", "Mathematics", "Proportional–integral–derivative controller", "Galileo project", "Atmospheric entry", "Velocity-addition formula", "Physics of whistles", "Space elevator", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Since then, and so far, general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity. In GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational fields travel under their own inertia in straight lines through curved space-time – defined as the shortest space-time path between two space-time events. From the perspective of the object, all motion occurs as if there were no gravitation whatsoever. It is only when observing the motion in a global sense that the curvature of space-time can be observed and the force is inferred from the object's curved path. Thus, the straight line path in space-time is seen as a curved line in space, and it is called the ballistic trajectory of the object. For example, a basketball thrown from the ground moves in a parabola, as it is in a uniform gravitational field. Its space-time trajectory (when the extra ct dimension is added) is almost a straight line, slightly curved (with the radius of curvature of the order of few light-years). The time derivative of the changing momentum of the object is what we label as \"gravitational force\".", "hi": "तब से, और अब तक, सामान्य सापेक्षता को सिद्धांत के रूप में स्वीकार किया गया है जो गुरुत्वाकर्षण को सबसे अच्छा समझाती है। GR में, गुरुत्वाकर्षण को एक बल के रूप में नहीं देखा जाता है, बल्कि, गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्र में स्वतंत्र रूप से घूमने वाली वस्तुएं घुमावदार अंतरिक्ष-समय के माध्यम से सीधी रेखाओं में अपनी जड़ता के तहत यात्रा करती हैं - दो अंतरिक्ष-समय की घटनाओं के बीच सबसे कम स्थान-समय पथ के रूप में परिभाषित किया गया है। वस्तु के दृष्टिकोण से, सारी गति तब होती है जैसे कि कोई गुरुत्वाकर्षण नहीं था। यह तभी होता है जब वैश्विक अर्थों में गति का पर्यवेक्षण किया जाता है जिसने अंतरिक्ष-समय की वक्रता देखी जा सकती है और बल को वस्तु के घुमावदार रास्ते से हटा दिया जाता है। इस प्रकार, अंतरिक्ष-समय में सीधे रेखा पथ को अंतरिक्ष में एक घुमावदार रेखा के रूप में देखा जाता है, और इसे वस्तु का बैलिस्टिक प्रक्षेपवक्र कहा जाता है। उदाहरण के लिए, जमीन से फेंकी गयी एक बास्केटबॉल एक परबोला में चलती है, क्योंकि यह एक समान गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्र में है। इसका अंतरिक्ष-समय प्रक्षेपवक्र (जब अतिरिक्त ct आयाम को जोड़ा जाता है) लगभग एक सीधी रेखा है, थोड़ा घुमावदार (कुछ प्रकाश-वर्षों के क्रम के वक्रता के त्रिज्या के साथ)। ऑब्जेक्ट की बदलती गति का समय अमौलिक है जिसे हम \"गुरुत्वाकर्षण बल\" के रूप में वर्गीकृत करते हैं।" }

{ "en": "What is the derivative of an object's changing momentum called?", "hi": "किसी वस्तु की बदलती गति को क्या कहा जाता है?" }

{ "en": [ "gravitational force" ], "hi": [ "गुरुत्वाकर्षण बल" ] }

{ "en": [ 1117, 1117, 1117, 1117 ], "hi": [ 1152 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", 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War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Since then, and so far, general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity. In GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational fields travel under their own inertia in straight lines through curved space-time – defined as the shortest space-time path between two space-time events. From the perspective of the object, all motion occurs as if there were no gravitation whatsoever. It is only when observing the motion in a global sense that the curvature of space-time can be observed and the force is inferred from the object's curved path. Thus, the straight line path in space-time is seen as a curved line in space, and it is called the ballistic trajectory of the object. For example, a basketball thrown from the ground moves in a parabola, as it is in a uniform gravitational field. Its space-time trajectory (when the extra ct dimension is added) is almost a straight line, slightly curved (with the radius of curvature of the order of few light-years). The time derivative of the changing momentum of the object is what we label as \"gravitational force\".", "hi": "तब से, और अब तक, सामान्य सापेक्षता को सिद्धांत के रूप में स्वीकार किया गया है जो गुरुत्वाकर्षण को सबसे अच्छा समझाती है। GR में, गुरुत्वाकर्षण को एक बल के रूप में नहीं देखा जाता है, बल्कि, गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्र में स्वतंत्र रूप से घूमने वाली वस्तुएं घुमावदार अंतरिक्ष-समय के माध्यम से सीधी रेखाओं में अपनी जड़ता के तहत यात्रा करती हैं - दो अंतरिक्ष-समय की घटनाओं के बीच सबसे कम स्थान-समय पथ के रूप में परिभाषित किया गया है। वस्तु के दृष्टिकोण से, सारी गति तब होती है जैसे कि कोई गुरुत्वाकर्षण नहीं था। यह तभी होता है जब वैश्विक अर्थों में गति का पर्यवेक्षण किया जाता है जिसने अंतरिक्ष-समय की वक्रता देखी जा सकती है और बल को वस्तु के घुमावदार रास्ते से हटा दिया जाता है। इस प्रकार, अंतरिक्ष-समय में सीधे रेखा पथ को अंतरिक्ष में एक घुमावदार रेखा के रूप में देखा जाता है, और इसे वस्तु का बैलिस्टिक प्रक्षेपवक्र कहा जाता है। उदाहरण के लिए, जमीन से फेंकी गयी एक बास्केटबॉल एक परबोला में चलती है, क्योंकि यह एक समान गुरुत्वाकर्षण क्षेत्र में है। इसका अंतरिक्ष-समय प्रक्षेपवक्र (जब अतिरिक्त ct आयाम को जोड़ा जाता है) लगभग एक सीधी रेखा है, थोड़ा घुमावदार (कुछ प्रकाश-वर्षों के क्रम के वक्रता के त्रिज्या के साथ)। ऑब्जेक्ट की बदलती गति का समय अमौलिक है जिसे हम \"गुरुत्वाकर्षण बल\" के रूप में वर्गीकृत करते हैं।" }

{ "en": "In what sense must you be observing the curvature of space-time?", "hi": "अंतरिक्ष-समय की वक्रता को आप किस अर्थ के रूप में देख रहे होंगे?" }

{ "en": [ "global" ], "hi": [ "वैश्विक" ] }

{ "en": [ 498, 496, 685, 363 ], "hi": [ 519 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean 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"Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket 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Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. 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Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq 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Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Through combining the definition of electric current as the time rate of change of electric charge, a rule of vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field. The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of a unified electromagnetic force that acts on a charge. This force can be written as a sum of the electrostatic force (due to the electric field) and the magnetic force (due to the magnetic field). Fully stated, this is the law:", "hi": "विद्युत आवेश के परिवर्तन की समय दर के रूप में विद्युत धारा की परिभाषा के संयोजन के माध्यम से, लोरेंट्ज़ लॉ नामक वेक्टर गुणन का एक नियम एक चुंबकीय क्षेत्र में घूमने वाले आवेश पर बल का वर्णन करता है। बिजली और चुंबकत्व के बीच संबंध एक एकीकृत विद्युत चुम्बकीय बल के वर्णन के लिए अनुमति देता है जो एक आवेश पर कार्य करता है। इस बल को इलेक्ट्रोस्टैटिक बल (विद्युत क्षेत्र के कारण) और चुंबकीय बल (चुंबकीय क्षेत्र के कारण) के योग के रूप में लिखा जा सकता है। पूरी तरह से कहा गया है, यह कानून है:" }

{ "en": "What is the time rate of change of electric charge?", "hi": "विद्युत आवेश के परिवर्तन की समय दर क्या है?" }

{ "en": [ "electric current" ], "hi": [ "विद्युत धारा" ] }

{ "en": [ 36, 36, 36, 36 ], "hi": [ 46 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean 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engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. 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Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational 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"History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Through combining the definition of electric current as the time rate of change of electric charge, a rule of vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field. The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of a unified electromagnetic force that acts on a charge. This force can be written as a sum of the electrostatic force (due to the electric field) and the magnetic force (due to the magnetic field). Fully stated, this is the law:", "hi": "विद्युत आवेश के परिवर्तन की समय दर के रूप में विद्युत धारा की परिभाषा के संयोजन के माध्यम से, लोरेंट्ज़ लॉ नामक वेक्टर गुणन का एक नियम एक चुंबकीय क्षेत्र में घूमने वाले आवेश पर बल का वर्णन करता है। बिजली और चुंबकत्व के बीच संबंध एक एकीकृत विद्युत चुम्बकीय बल के वर्णन के लिए अनुमति देता है जो एक आवेश पर कार्य करता है। इस बल को इलेक्ट्रोस्टैटिक बल (विद्युत क्षेत्र के कारण) और चुंबकीय बल (चुंबकीय क्षेत्र के कारण) के योग के रूप में लिखा जा सकता है। पूरी तरह से कहा गया है, यह कानून है:" }

{ "en": "What magnetic and electric force acts on a charge?", "hi": "चुंबकीय और विद्युत बल एक आवेश पर क्या कार्य करता है?" }

{ "en": [ "unified electromagnetic" ], "hi": [ "एकीकृत विद्युत चुम्बकीय बल" ] }

{ "en": [ 294, 294, 302, 294 ], "hi": [ 232 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United 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"History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Through combining the definition of electric current as the time rate of change of electric charge, a rule of vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field. The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of a unified electromagnetic force that acts on a charge. This force can be written as a sum of the electrostatic force (due to the electric field) and the magnetic force (due to the magnetic field). Fully stated, this is the law:", "hi": "विद्युत आवेश के परिवर्तन की समय दर के रूप में विद्युत धारा की परिभाषा के संयोजन के माध्यम से, लोरेंट्ज़ लॉ नामक वेक्टर गुणन का एक नियम एक चुंबकीय क्षेत्र में घूमने वाले आवेश पर बल का वर्णन करता है। बिजली और चुंबकत्व के बीच संबंध एक एकीकृत विद्युत चुम्बकीय बल के वर्णन के लिए अनुमति देता है जो एक आवेश पर कार्य करता है। इस बल को इलेक्ट्रोस्टैटिक बल (विद्युत क्षेत्र के कारण) और चुंबकीय बल (चुंबकीय क्षेत्र के कारण) के योग के रूप में लिखा जा सकता है। पूरी तरह से कहा गया है, यह कानून है:" }

{ "en": "What is the law named that defines a charge moving through a magnetic field?", "hi": "एक चुंबकीय क्षेत्र से गुजरने वाले आवेश को परिभाषित करने वाले कानून को क्या कहा जाता है?" }

{ "en": [ "Lorentz's Law" ], "hi": [ "लोरेंट्ज़ लॉ" ] }

{ "en": [ 139, 139, 139, 139 ], "hi": [ 94 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "Through combining the definition of electric current as the time rate of change of electric charge, a rule of vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field. The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of a unified electromagnetic force that acts on a charge. This force can be written as a sum of the electrostatic force (due to the electric field) and the magnetic force (due to the magnetic field). Fully stated, this is the law:", "hi": "विद्युत आवेश के परिवर्तन की समय दर के रूप में विद्युत धारा की परिभाषा के संयोजन के माध्यम से, लोरेंट्ज़ लॉ नामक वेक्टर गुणन का एक नियम एक चुंबकीय क्षेत्र में घूमने वाले आवेश पर बल का वर्णन करता है। बिजली और चुंबकत्व के बीच संबंध एक एकीकृत विद्युत चुम्बकीय बल के वर्णन के लिए अनुमति देता है जो एक आवेश पर कार्य करता है। इस बल को इलेक्ट्रोस्टैटिक बल (विद्युत क्षेत्र के कारण) और चुंबकीय बल (चुंबकीय क्षेत्र के कारण) के योग के रूप में लिखा जा सकता है। पूरी तरह से कहा गया है, यह कानून है:" }

{ "en": "Whatare the electrostatic and magnetic force awritten as the sum of?", "hi": "इलेक्ट्रोस्टैटिक और चुंबकीय बल के योग के रूप को क्या लिखा जाता है?" }

{ "en": [ "electrostatic force" ], "hi": [ "इलेक्ट्रोस्टैटिक बल" ] }

{ "en": [ 389, 385, 389, 385 ], "hi": [ 328 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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[ "Force", "Newton's laws of motion", "Spacetime", "Zero-point energy", "History of physics", "Special relativity", "Magnetic field", "Momentum", "Higgs boson", "String theory", "Fundamental interaction", "Angular momentum", "Electron", "History of special relativity", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Quantum mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Universe", "Inertial frame of reference", "Einstein's thought experiments", "History of gravitational theory", "Magnetic sail", "Mass–energy equivalence", "Mass", "Feynman diagram", "Photon", "Black hole", "Friction", "Energy", "Physics", "Albert Einstein", "History of chemistry", "Dirac equation", "Atom", "Equations of motion", "Work (physics)", "Quantum field theory", "Speed of light", "History of science", "Planck's law", "Coriolis force", "Introduction to general relativity", "Ising model", "Loop quantum gravity", "Fictitious force", "Lorentz transformation", "Second law of thermodynamics", "Lorentz force", "Orbit", "BKL singularity", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel", "Introduction to quantum mechanics", "Entropy", "Equipartition theorem", "De Broglie–Bohm theory", "Le Sage's theory of gravitation", "Logology (science)", "Temperature", "Light in painting", "Matter", "Field electron emission", "Viscosity", "Glossary of baseball terms", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics", "Gravitational wave", "Standard Model", "History of quantum mechanics", "History of mathematical notation", "Moment of inertia", "Chronology of the universe", "Neutron", "Optics", "Mechanics of planar particle motion", "First law of thermodynamics", "Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector", "Potential energy", "Big Bang", "Light front quantization", "Development communication", "John von Neumann", "Path integral formulation", "List of Dutch discoveries", "Spin (physics)", "External ballistics", "Classical central-force problem", "Electricity", "Maxwell's equations", "Viscosity models for mixtures", "Lift (force)", "Dimensional analysis", "Thermodynamic temperature", "Gauge theory", "A Brief History of Time", "Neutrino", "Lorentz ether theory", "Relativistic quantum mechanics", "Graphene", "Field (physics)", "Schrödinger equation", "Atomic orbital", "Navier–Stokes equations", "Two-body problem in general relativity", "Euclidean vector", "Mass in special relativity", "Dust astronomy", "Differential geometry of surfaces", "Luminiferous aether", "Minkowski space", "Newton's theorem of revolving orbits", "Inflation (cosmology)", "Electromagnetic radiation", "Centrifugal force", "Conservation of energy", "Gravity", "Theory of everything", "Scientific Revolution", "Introduction to gauge theory", "Renormalization", "Relativistic angular momentum", "Heat", "Stress (mechanics)", "Tests of general relativity", "Hilbert space", "Rigid body dynamics", "Criticism of the theory of relativity", "Exergy", "Matrix mechanics", "Magnetic monopole", "Time", "Centripetal force", "Stellar dynamics", "Symmetry in quantum mechanics", "Higgs mechanism", "Tide", "Quantum entanglement", "Relativistic mechanics", "Beta distribution", "AdS/CFT correspondence", "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica", "History of the nude in art", "Pi", "Gas", "Static forces and virtual-particle exchange", "Magnetism", "M-theory", "Faster-than-light", "Capacitor", "South African labour law", "Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model", "Scientific law", "Star", "BRST quantization", "Kinetic energy", "Continuum mechanics", "Dark matter", "Ethnomusicology", "Nuclear fusion", "Liquid", "Nuclear binding energy", "Derivations of the Lorentz transformations", "List of important publications in physics", "Speed of gravity", "Work (thermodynamics)", "Value-form", "Radioactive decay", "Cathode-ray tube", "Virial theorem", "Electromagnetic field", "Time in physics", "Free will", "Galileo Galilei", "Matrix (mathematics)", "Wave", "Uncertainty principle", "Quantum electrodynamics", "Electrodynamic tether", "Periodic table", "Transmission electron microscopy", "Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field", "History of quantum field theory", "Wave function", "Mathematics of general relativity", "History of subatomic physics", "Expansion of the universe", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Quantitative genetics", "Carl Friedrich Gauss", "List of Dutch inventions and innovations", "N-body problem", "Tribology", "Action at a distance", "Four-vector", "Electric motor", "Classical field theory", "Aircraft flight dynamics", "Kinetic isotope effect", "Geometric algebra", "Bohr model", "Modified Newtonian dynamics", "Constructive set theory", "Noether's theorem", "South African criminal law", "White dwarf", "Sun", "Alkali metal", "Parabola", "Hooke's law", "Brownian motion", "Neutron star", "Pendulum", "Nuclear force", "Representation theory of the Lorentz group", "Aberration (astronomy)", "Scientific method", "Weight", "Vacuum", "Proton", "Fourier optics", "Soil mechanics", "Kaluza–Klein theory", "Causality", "Total internal reflection", "Quark", "Cross product", "Kinematics", "ALICE experiment", "Planet", "Basil Hiley", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Torque", "Molecular dynamics", "Aristotelian physics", "Phonon", "Electromagnetic mass", "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics", "Solar sail", "Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation", "Tartan", "Heat transfer physics", "Newton's law of universal gravitation", "Schwarzschild geodesics", "Four-gradient", "Mathematical physics", "The Spirit of the Age", "Light-front quantization applications", "Quantum gravity", "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "Polarization (waves)", "Well-being contributing factors", "Weak interaction", "Science of Logic", "Axial precession", "Virtual work", "Physiological effects in space", "Van der Waals equation", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics)", "International System of Units", "Fusion power", "Christiaan Huygens", "Thermal conductivity and resistivity", "Magnetometer", "Rocket", "T-symmetry", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Supercapacitor", "South African contract law", "European Union law", "Magnetorotational instability", "Women in science", "Dark energy", "Moon", "Ecology", "Spacecraft flight dynamics", "Scientific theory", "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors", "Mercury (planet)", "Isaac Newton", "Rubber elasticity", "Elementary particle", "Philosophy of space and time", "Rindler coordinates", "Particle accelerator", "Outer space", "Kerr metric", "Chernobyl disaster", "Diffusion", "Bernoulli's principle", "Tokamak", "Tensor", "Michelson–Morley experiment", "Kinetic theory of gases", "Analytical mechanics", "History of the metric system", "Logistic regression", "Pressure", "Xenon monochloride", "Richard Feynman", "History of radar", "Surface tension", "Black-body radiation", "Networked advocacy", "Supersymmetry", "Mathematics", "Proportional–integral–derivative controller", "Galileo project", "Atmospheric entry", "Velocity-addition formula", "Physics of whistles", "Space elevator", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United 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"History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "where is the relevant cross-sectional area for the volume for which the stress-tensor is being calculated. This formalism includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area (the matrix diagonals of the tensor) as well as shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor accounts for forces that cause all strains (deformations) including also tensile stresses and compressions.:133–134:38-1–38-11", "hi": "उस आयतन के लिए प्रासंगिक क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र कहां है जिसके लिए तनाव-टेंसर की गणना की जा रही है। इस नियम-निष्ठता में दबाव की शर्तें शामिल होती हैं जो क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र (टैंसर के मैट्रिक्स विकर्ण) के साथ-साथ कतरनी शर्तों के साथ सामान्य रूप से कार्य करती हैं और जो क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र (ऑफ-डायमेंशनल एलिमेंट्स) के समानांतर कार्य करती हैं। तनाव टेंसर बलों के कारण होता है जो सभी तनावों (विकृतियों) का कारण बनता है जिसमें तन्य तनाव और संपीडन भी शामिल हैं ।:133–134:38-1–38-11" }

{ "en": "What causes strain in structures?", "hi": "संरचनाओं में तनाव का कारण क्या बनता है?" }

{ "en": [ "stress tensor" ], "hi": [ "तनाव टेंसर" ] }

{ "en": [ 376, 376, 434, 372 ], "hi": [ 343 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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"History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "where is the relevant cross-sectional area for the volume for which the stress-tensor is being calculated. This formalism includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area (the matrix diagonals of the tensor) as well as shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor accounts for forces that cause all strains (deformations) including also tensile stresses and compressions.:133–134:38-1–38-11", "hi": "उस आयतन के लिए प्रासंगिक क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र कहां है जिसके लिए तनाव-टेंसर की गणना की जा रही है। इस नियम-निष्ठता में दबाव की शर्तें शामिल होती हैं जो क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र (टैंसर के मैट्रिक्स विकर्ण) के साथ-साथ कतरनी शर्तों के साथ सामान्य रूप से कार्य करती हैं और जो क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र (ऑफ-डायमेंशनल एलिमेंट्स) के समानांतर कार्य करती हैं। तनाव टेंसर बलों के कारण होता है जो सभी तनावों (विकृतियों) का कारण बनता है जिसमें तन्य तनाव और संपीडन भी शामिल हैं ।:133–134:38-1–38-11" }

{ "en": "What is used to calculate cross section area in the volume of an object?", "hi": "किसी वस्तु के आयतन में क्रॉस सेक्शन क्षेत्र की गणना करने के लिए क्या प्रयोग किया जाता है?" }

{ "en": [ "pressure terms" ], "hi": [ "दबाव की शर्तें" ] }

{ "en": [ 132, 376, 132 ], "hi": [ 118 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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"Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket 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"History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "where is the relevant cross-sectional area for the volume for which the stress-tensor is being calculated. This formalism includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area (the matrix diagonals of the tensor) as well as shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor accounts for forces that cause all strains (deformations) including also tensile stresses and compressions.:133–134:38-1–38-11", "hi": "उस आयतन के लिए प्रासंगिक क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र कहां है जिसके लिए तनाव-टेंसर की गणना की जा रही है। इस नियम-निष्ठता में दबाव की शर्तें शामिल होती हैं जो क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र (टैंसर के मैट्रिक्स विकर्ण) के साथ-साथ कतरनी शर्तों के साथ सामान्य रूप से कार्य करती हैं और जो क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र (ऑफ-डायमेंशनल एलिमेंट्स) के समानांतर कार्य करती हैं। तनाव टेंसर बलों के कारण होता है जो सभी तनावों (विकृतियों) का कारण बनता है जिसमें तन्य तनाव और संपीडन भी शामिल हैं ।:133–134:38-1–38-11" }

{ "en": "What are associated with normal forces?", "hi": "सामान्य ताकतों से क्या जुड़ा है?" }

{ "en": [ "pressure terms" ], "hi": [ "दबाव की शर्तें" ] }

{ "en": [ 132, 219, 132 ], "hi": [ 118 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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"History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]

{ "en": "where is the relevant cross-sectional area for the volume for which the stress-tensor is being calculated. This formalism includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area (the matrix diagonals of the tensor) as well as shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor accounts for forces that cause all strains (deformations) including also tensile stresses and compressions.:133–134:38-1–38-11", "hi": "उस आयतन के लिए प्रासंगिक क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र कहां है जिसके लिए तनाव-टेंसर की गणना की जा रही है। इस नियम-निष्ठता में दबाव की शर्तें शामिल होती हैं जो क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र (टैंसर के मैट्रिक्स विकर्ण) के साथ-साथ कतरनी शर्तों के साथ सामान्य रूप से कार्य करती हैं और जो क्रॉस-सेक्शनल क्षेत्र (ऑफ-डायमेंशनल एलिमेंट्स) के समानांतर कार्य करती हैं। तनाव टेंसर बलों के कारण होता है जो सभी तनावों (विकृतियों) का कारण बनता है जिसमें तन्य तनाव और संपीडन भी शामिल हैं ।:133–134:38-1–38-11" }

{ "en": "What includes pressure terms when calculating area in volume?", "hi": "आयतन में क्षेत्र की गणना करते समय दबाव की क्या शर्तें शामिल हैं?" }

{ "en": [ "formalism" ], "hi": [ "नियम-निष्ठता" ] }

{ "en": [ 113, 10, 113, 108 ], "hi": [ 101 ] }

[ "STEM.Physics", "STEM.STEM*" ]

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"Relativistic mechanics", "Beta distribution", "AdS/CFT correspondence", "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica", "History of the nude in art", "Pi", "Gas", "Static forces and virtual-particle exchange", "Magnetism", "M-theory", "Faster-than-light", "Capacitor", "South African labour law", "Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model", "Scientific law", "Star", "BRST quantization", "Kinetic energy", "Continuum mechanics", "Dark matter", "Ethnomusicology", "Nuclear fusion", "Liquid", "Nuclear binding energy", "Derivations of the Lorentz transformations", "List of important publications in physics", "Speed of gravity", "Work (thermodynamics)", "Value-form", "Radioactive decay", "Cathode-ray tube", "Virial theorem", "Electromagnetic field", "Time in physics", "Free will", "Galileo Galilei", "Matrix (mathematics)", "Wave", "Uncertainty principle", "Quantum electrodynamics", "Electrodynamic tether", "Periodic table", "Transmission electron microscopy", "Mathematical descriptions of 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"Kinematics", "ALICE experiment", "Planet", "Basil Hiley", "List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters", "Torque", "Molecular dynamics", "Aristotelian physics", "Phonon", "Electromagnetic mass", "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics", "Solar sail", "Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation", "Tartan", "Heat transfer physics", "Newton's law of universal gravitation", "Schwarzschild geodesics", "Four-gradient", "Mathematical physics", "The Spirit of the Age", "Light-front quantization applications", "Quantum gravity", "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "Polarization (waves)", "Well-being contributing factors", "Weak interaction", "Science of Logic", "Axial precession", "Virtual work", "Physiological effects in space", "Van der Waals equation", "Euler equations (fluid dynamics)", "International System of Units", "Fusion power", "Christiaan Huygens", "Thermal conductivity and resistivity", "Magnetometer", "Rocket", "T-symmetry", "Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350", "Supercapacitor", "South African contract law", "European Union law", "Magnetorotational instability", "Women in science", "Dark energy", "Moon", "Ecology", "Spacecraft flight dynamics", "Scientific theory", "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors", "Mercury (planet)", "Isaac Newton", "Rubber elasticity", "Elementary particle", "Philosophy of space and time", "Rindler coordinates", "Particle accelerator", "Outer space", "Kerr metric", "Chernobyl disaster", "Diffusion", "Bernoulli's principle", "Tokamak", "Tensor", "Michelson–Morley experiment", "Kinetic theory of gases", "Analytical mechanics", "History of the metric system", "Logistic regression", "Pressure", "Xenon monochloride", "Richard Feynman", "History of radar", "Surface tension", "Black-body radiation", "Networked advocacy", "Supersymmetry", "Mathematics", "Proportional–integral–derivative controller", "Galileo project", "Atmospheric entry", "Velocity-addition formula", "Physics of whistles", "Space elevator", "Economic history of the United Kingdom", "G-force", "Introduction to electromagnetism", "Cartesian tensor", "Contact mechanics", "History of mathematics", "Solar System", "Josiah Willard Gibbs", "Millennials", "Pressure measurement", "Das Kapital, Volume I", "Principal component analysis", "Inverse problem", "Planck units", "History of Eglin Air Force Base", "Electric charge", "Circular motion", "Casimir effect", "Quantum potential", "Quantum state", "Redshift", "Decompression theory", "Spacetime diagram", "Proper acceleration", "Fuzzy concept", "Culture of the United Kingdom", "Light", "Bohr–Einstein debates", "Bivector", "Renormalization group", "German radio intelligence operations during World War II", "Enrico Fermi", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses", "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", "Kardashev scale", "Assured clear distance ahead", "Antenna (radio)", "Virgo interferometer", "History of magic", "Acceleration", "Henri Poincaré", "United Kingdom labour law", "Embodied cognition", "Role of Christianity in civilization", "Electric dipole moment", "Cauchy stress tensor", "Matter wave", "Fixed stars", "Nuclear weapon design", "Orbital mechanics", "Nucleon magnetic moment", "Shell theorem", "Helium", "Parity (physics)", "Beta decay", "Franciscus Patricius", "Time travel", "Hubble's law", "Aharonov–Bohm effect", "Bose–Einstein condensate", "Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism", "Vector space", "Anthropic principle", "Gauge theory (mathematics)", "Lennard-Jones potential", "The Dresden Files characters", "Astronomy", "Technicolor (physics)", "Twin paradox", "Radiation pressure", "Lie algebra extension", "Quaternion", "Electrical resistivity and conductivity", "Heliocentrism", "Klein–Gordon equation", "Law of value", "General der Nachrichtenaufklärung", "Geocentric model", "Kalman filter", "Chemistry", "Wave equation", "Group (mathematics)", "Aristotle", "Elastic recoil detection", "C-symmetry", "Liquid crystal", "Electromagnetism", "Rotation matrix", "Economic history of the United States", "Speed of sound", "Determinism", "Contract", "Flow measurement", "Sagnac effect", "History of scientific method", "Thermodynamics", "Molecular Hamiltonian", "Comet", "Paul Dirac", "Optical tweezers", "Relationship between religion and science", "Pauli exclusion principle", "Ergodicity", "Atomic theory", "Interferometry", "Archimedes' principle", "Extended periodic table", "Economics", "Mathematics, science, technology and engineering of the Victorian era", "Jerk (physics)", "Antenna tuner", "Buoyancy", "Rotation around a fixed axis", "Stress–strain analysis", "Normal distribution", "Institutional racism", "Psychology", "Massive gravity", "Supernova", "Kepler's laws of planetary motion", "Fuzzball (string theory)", "Interstellar travel", "Rotational spectroscopy", "List of My Hero Academia characters", "History of Germany", "Spacetime algebra", "Muon", "Galaxy", "Collision response", "Game theory", "Rocket engine", "Spinor", "Two-body Dirac equations", "International Space Station", "Physical cosmology", "Acorn Archimedes", "Earth", "Discovery of the neutron", "Science", "Nuclear fission", "Marine salvage", "Johannes Kepler", "Buddhism and science", "Loudspeaker", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging", "Women in Islam", "Deuterium", "Hadley cell", "X-ray crystallography", "Ellipse", "Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity", "Elevator", "Kepler orbit", "Siphon", "Electron mobility", "Equivalence principle", "Curvilinear coordinates", "Wind-turbine aerodynamics", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard", "Thermodynamic equilibrium", "Instanton", "Bell's theorem", "Emmy Noether", "Railgun", "Philosophy of physics", "Magic square", "Memristor", "Exterior algebra", "Global Positioning System", "Negative mass", "Milky Way", "Metal–organic framework", "Specific heat capacity", "List of unusual units of measurement", "Natural scientific research in Canada", "Teleological argument", "Faraday paradox", "Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)", "Venus", "Metaphysics", "Mind–body dualism", "Rotation formalisms in three dimensions", "Robotics", "Spherical harmonics", "Critique of Pure Reason", "Space", "Quantum superposition", "Integral", "Synchronous frame", "Consciousness", "State of matter", "Spacecraft propulsion", "Evidence of common descent", "Radar", "History of geodesy", "Nanogenerator", "History of Australia", "Entropy and life", "Health effects of electronic cigarettes", "Space (mathematics)", "Space colonization", "Hydrogen atom", "Lorentz group", "Age of Enlightenment", "Resonance", "Differential form", "Quantum decoherence", "Imperial Roman army", "Black hole information paradox", "Robert H. Goddard", "United Kingdom constitutional law", "Eddy diffusion", "History of Lorentz transformations", "Joseph Lister", "Bacterial motility", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster", "Nordström's theory of gravitation", "Ontology", "Natural science", "Relativity priority dispute", "Electrochemistry", "Quantum mind", "ATLAS experiment", "Heat transfer", "Heat equation", "Fourier transform", "Velocity", "Identical particles", "Asteroid", "List of Pokémon anime characters", "Grand Unified Theory", "Forces on sails", "Mass spectrometry", "Mechanics", "Slavery in ancient Rome", "Synthetic-aperture radar", "Net force", "Industrial Revolution", "Superlens", "Mircea Eliade", "Hubble Space Telescope", "Internal energy", "Sexuality in ancient Rome", "New Horizons", "Drag (physics)", "Wind turbine design", "Info-gap decision theory", "W and Z bosons", "Euler–Bernoulli beam theory", "Fresnel equations", "Adolescence", "Theoretical motivation for general relativity", "Electron scattering", "Soil", "Atmosphere of Jupiter", "Deductive-nomological model", "Bucket argument", "Diving rebreather", "Glossary of aerospace engineering", "Relativistic Doppler effect", "Lagrangian coherent structure", "Rigid rotor", "Derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations", "Criminal procedure in South Africa", "Armies in the American Civil War", "Nuclear winter", "Non-standard cosmology", "Antimatter", "Old quantum theory", "Betelgeuse", "Magnetohydrodynamics", "Mass versus weight", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)", "Chaos theory", "Brown dwarf", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)", "Condensed matter physics", "Diffusion MRI", "Atomic nucleus", "Thermoelectric materials", "Electromotive force", "History of evolutionary thought", "History of classical mechanics", "Philosophy of mathematics", "Daniel H. Overmyer", "Car suspension", "Canonical quantization", "Woodward–Hoffmann rules", "AI Mark VIII radar", "Subprime mortgage crisis", "Søren Kierkegaard", "Alexander Zinoviev", "Polar coordinate system", "Earth's magnetic field", "History of Western civilization", "Lepton", "List of important publications in mathematics", "Yang–Mills theory", "Socialism", "Motion", "Gravitational redshift", "List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens", "Action potential", "Particle physics", "Quark–gluon plasma", "Alfred North Whitehead", "Christian theology", "Vibration", "Water", "Vacuum tube", "Internal combustion engine", "Algorithm", "Quartz crystal microbalance", "Nuclear structure", "Sediment transport", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System", "Occam's razor", "Islamic philosophy", "Aurora", "Planet Nine", "Determinant", "Creativity", "Inverted pendulum", "Quantum tunnelling", "Propagator", "Entropy (information theory)", "Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials", "Hugo W. Koehler", "Magnetic levitation", "Sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation", "Problem of Apollonius", "Wormhole", "Double-slit experiment", "Jet engine performance", "American anthropology", "Lightning", "History of variational principles in physics", "Silicon", "Riemannian connection on a surface", "Nanoparticle", "Objections to evolution", "Atomic force microscopy", "Philosophy of science", "Conditional preservation of the saints", "Curvature", "Euclidean algorithm", "Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics", "High-performance liquid chromatography", "Differentiable manifold", "Planck constant", "Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity", "Prices of production", "Luigi Pasinetti", "Conscience", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Transactionalism", "Rebreather diving", "Two New Sciences", "Atomism", "Formulations of special relativity", "Steam locomotive", "Coupling constant", "Logarithm", "Manifold", "History of philosophy", "Meaning of life", "Language", "Orbit modeling", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton", "Thermal conduction", "History of painting", "Refractive index", "Gear", "Three-body problem", "Sundial", "Pythagorean theorem", "G factor (psychometrics)", "Viscometer", "Inductivism", "Relativistic Lagrangian mechanics", "Molar heat capacity", "Radiation", "MOSFET", "Physiology of decompression", "Race (human categorization)", "Historikerstreit", "Abraham–Lorentz force", "Hyperbola", "Dipole antenna", "Creep (deformation)", "Proper reference frame (flat spacetime)", "Energy–momentum relation", "Sociology", "Sociocultural evolution", "History of broadcasting in Australia", "Meteorology", "Optical fiber", "Centimetre–gram–second system of units", "Poisson point process", "Plate tectonics", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)", "Singular value decomposition", "Frame fields in general relativity", "Action (physics)", "Italy", "Cyclotron", "Blueberry (comics)", "Linear algebra", "Christian culture", "Sea", "Bremsstrahlung", "Differential geometry", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "J. Robert Oppenheimer", "Lidar", "Nerve guidance conduit", "List of Garo characters", "Neutrino oscillation", "Earthquake prediction", "Projectile motion", "Physics of magnetic resonance imaging", "Content theory", "Artillery", "Asteroid impact avoidance", "Poynting vector", "Radiocarbon dating", "List of Fables characters", "Aluminum electrolytic capacitor", "History of women in the United States", "Methods of detecting exoplanets", "QCD vacuum", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)", "Cosmic microwave background", "Law of thought", "Planetary habitability", "Generation Z in the United States", "Astrophysical X-ray source", "Biological neuron model", "List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)", "Euclidean space", "David Hume", "Virtual particle", "Inertial navigation system", "Ibn al-Haytham", "Computational chemistry", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion", "Fermi gas", "Lithium-ion battery", "Tesla Autopilot", "Markov chain", "Tensor operator", "Lord Kelvin", "Centrifugal compressor", "Photoconductive atomic force microscopy", "Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics", "English land law", "History of general relativity", "Conservation of mass", "Abdus Salam", "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "Copenhagen interpretation", "Photon polarization", "Ion thruster", "Composite material", "Rotation", "Metamaterial cloaking", "Electric current", "Weather radar", "Logic", "Degenerate matter", "Scalar–tensor theory", "Non-topological soliton", "Quantum computing", "Catenary", "Performance and modelling of AC transmission", "History of Maxwell's equations", "History of centrifugal and centripetal forces", "South African constitutional litigation", "Artificial intelligence", "Ozone", "Cultural impact of Madonna", "Radar in World War II", "Prior probability", "Early Islamic philosophy", "Mathematical economics", "Slavic Native Faith", "Pseudo-range multilateration", "Potential applications of graphene", "Photoelectric effect", "René Descartes", "Thorium", "Ludwig Boltzmann", "Thought", "Entropy as an arrow of time", "Large Hadron Collider", "Diving safety", "Social media", "Escape velocity", "Wireless power transfer", "Water on Mars", "Science and technology in Venezuela", "Proto-Cubism", "CP violation", "Meson", "Stephen Hawking", "Reading", "Falsifiability", "Microphone", "Free fall", "The Culture", "Quantum dot", "Iron", "Enthalpy", "Attachment theory", "Einstein field equations", "Inertia", "Recoil", "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", "Organic solar cell", "Authoritarian socialism", "History of astronomy", "Human factors in diving equipment design", "History of opera", "Insect flight", "Parapsychology", "Sonar", "Carbon nanotube", "Fluid dynamics", "Religion in China", "Io (moon)", "List of Assassin's Creed characters", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters", "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "Magnetic tweezers", "Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing", "N-body simulation", "Iran–Iraq War", "Convection", "Spontaneous symmetry breaking", "Financial economics", "Truth", "Native Americans in the United States", "Metal", "Robert Hooke", "Jürgen Ehlers", "Faraday's law of induction", "Boltzmann equation", "ITER", "Cooper's hawk", "Continuity equation", "Geometry", "Buddhist philosophy", "Niels Bohr", "Historical models of the Solar System", "Debye model", "Utilitarianism", "History of science and technology in Japan", "20th century in science", "Hysteresis", "Many-worlds interpretation", "Racism", "United States labor law", "Reality", "Handloading", "Phase-contrast X-ray imaging", "Chemical element", "Sexual harassment", "Monte Carlo methods for electron transport", "Nothing Records", "Capacitor types", "Charles Sanders Peirce", "Reliability engineering", "Project Y", "Ocean", "Israeli occupation of the West Bank", "Rationality", "Stellarator", "History of science and technology in Africa", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography", "Polywell", "Metric tensor", "Gravitational constant", "Metamaterial", "UN offensive into North Korea", "Project Excalibur", "Particle image velocimetry", "Silviculture", "Quantum turbulence", "Anglo-Saxons", "Anti-gravity", "Particle in a box", "Acoustoelastic effect", "Density of states", "Immanuel Kant", "Boolean algebra", "Nicomachean Ethics", "Marriage", "Presidency of Donald Trump", "Hamiltonian constraint of LQG", "Magnet", "History of thermodynamics", "Compartmental models in epidemiology", "History of Austria", "Hamilton–Jacobi equation", "Addiction", "Human nutrition", "Equation of time", "Born coordinates", "X-ray astronomy", "Taoism", "C++11", "Ionizing radiation", "Theory of impetus", "Gamma ray", "Jupiter", "Exponentiation", "Geophysical MASINT", "Crystal oscillator", "Hydrogen", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays", "European debt crisis", "Fake news", "History of logic", "Talcott Parsons", "Cross section (physics)", "Two-state quantum system", "Langmuir probe", "Computer mouse", "Tandem rolling mill", "List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II", "Inverse-square law", "Domestic violence", "Existence of God", "Clavier-Übung III", "Fighter aircraft", "Laser", "Hydrogeology", "Ethics", "Diving cylinder", "Path integrals in polymer science", "United Russia", "Logicism", "Evolutionary psychology", "Wind", "Quantum harmonic oscillator", "Cosmic ray", "Hawking radiation", "Subatomic particle", "Ice drilling", "Manhattan Project", "Nicolaus Copernicus", "Acid dissociation constant", "Circular economy", "Cauchy momentum equation", "Cavity optomechanics", "Muhammad Iqbal's political philosophy", "Nuclear program of Iran", "Solar radio emission", "Sediment Profile Imagery", "Moving magnet and conductor problem", "Tropical cyclone", "Normal force", "Systems of social stratification", "Potential applications of carbon nanotubes", "Causal fermion systems", "Carbon nanotube nanomotor", "Panpsychism", "Addition", "Mars", "Piezoelectricity", "Lorentz force velocimetry", "Rhetoric", "History of socialism", "Perovskite solar cell", "Microswimmer", "Rotating spheres", "Field (mathematics)", "Annus mirabilis papers", "Andreas Hillgruber", "Eastern esotericism", "Late Roman army", "Christoffel symbols", "Educational technology", "Linear particle accelerator", "Enoch Powell", "Economic growth", "Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)", "Diffraction", "Quaternions and spatial rotation", "Graviton" ]