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572828383acd2414000df5c7 | Doctor Who | {
"en": "Doctor Who has appeared on stage numerous times. In the early 1970s, Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday. In the late 1980s, Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker both played the Doctor at different times during the run of a play titled Doctor Who – The Ultimate Adventure. For two performances, while Pertwee was ill, David Banks (better known for playing Cybermen) played the Doctor. Other original plays have been staged as amateur productions, with other actors playing the Doctor, while Terry Nation wrote The Curse of the Daleks, a stage play mounted in the late 1960s, but without the Doctor.",
"hi": "डॉक्टर हू कई बार मंच पर दिखाई दे चुके हैं। 1970 के दशक की शुरुआत में, ट्रेवर मार्टिन ने डॉक्टर हू और डेल्क्स इन सेवेन कीज़ टू डूम्सडे में भूमिका निभाई। 1980 के दशक के उत्तरार्ध में, जॉन पर्टवे और कॉलिन बेकर दोनों ने डॉक्टर हू - द अल्टीमेट एडवेंचर नामक नाटक के चलने के दौरान अलग-अलग समय पर डॉक्टर की भूमिका निभाई। दो प्रदर्शनों के लिए, जब पर्टवे बीमार थे, डेविड बैंक्स (साइबरमैन खेलने के लिए बेहतर जाने जाते थे) ने डॉक्टर की भूमिका निभाई। अन्य मूल नाटकों का मंचन शौकिया प्रस्तुतियों के रूप में किया गया है, जिसमें अन्य कलाकार डॉक्टर की भूमिका निभा रहे थे, जबकि टेरी नेशन ने द कर्स ऑफ द डेल्क्स, 1960 के दशक के उत्तरार्ध में एक मंचीय नाटक का मंचन लिखा, लेकिन डॉक्टर के बिना।"
} | {
"en": "Which actor was a replacement for Doctor Who due to the illness of the main actor?",
"hi": "मुख्य अभिनेता की बीमारी के कारण डॉक्टर हू के लिए कौन सा अभिनेता बदला गया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"David Banks"
],
"hi": [
"डेविड बैंक्स"
]
} | {
"en": [
362,
362,
362
],
"hi": [
354
]
} | [
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"The Doctor (Doctor Who)",
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"List of unmade Doctor Who serials and films",
"List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens",
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"The Stolen Earth",
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"EastEnders",
"Eighth Doctor",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"The Day of the Doctor",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"List of films considered the worst",
"Doctor Who missing episodes",
"Lost television broadcast",
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"Dalek variants",
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"History of the Daleks",
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"Time Lord",
"Coronation Street",
"Doctor Who merchandise",
"Doctor Who (series 5)",
"Fourth Doctor",
"Television in the United States",
"Nothing Records",
"Ninth Doctor",
"Doctor Who (series 1)",
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"British sitcom",
"Companion (Doctor Who)",
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"Tartan",
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"Sarah Jane Smith",
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"Glossary of baseball terms",
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"Doctor Who (season 2)",
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"Queen (band)",
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"SpongeBob SquarePants",
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"Grey's Anatomy",
"The Chase (Doctor Who)",
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"Channel 5 (British TV channel) programming",
"Brian Wilson",
"List of EastEnders characters (2017)",
"The Dresden Files characters",
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"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television in the United States",
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"List of Lilo & Stitch characters",
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"Historikerstreit",
"List of Ghostbusters characters",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Zoo TV Tour",
"Ralph Bakshi",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Ricky Gervais",
"Lady Gaga",
"An Adventure in Space and Time",
"Hip hop (culture)",
"The Who",
"Harold Wilson",
"NFL on NBC",
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"The Amazing Spider-Man (film)",
"London",
"List of Scream (film series) characters",
"Ice Warrior",
"The Man from U.N.C.L.E.",
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"Jerry Lewis",
"Wales",
"Lex Luthor",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
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"Alternate reality game",
"Norman Osborn",
"Super Bowl commercials",
"Alicia Keys",
"RTÉ One",
"The Lion King",
"Scooby-Doo",
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"Iran–United States relations",
"Dragon Ball",
"The Legend of Zelda",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"List of A Series of Unfortunate Events characters",
"Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes",
"Judi Dench",
"History of Guatemala",
"Elisabeth Sladen",
"Doctor Doom",
"Seir Kieran GAA",
"List of Castlevania characters",
"Conan the Barbarian (1982 film)",
"The End of Evangelion",
"South African labour law",
"Vladimir Putin",
"Joss Whedon",
"List of General Hospital characters (2000s)",
"Vilnius",
"Batsuit",
"Cliff Richard",
"Match Game",
"Superman in film",
"Lionel Messi",
"Catherine Tate",
"Video games in Japan",
"Slasher film",
"Cold War",
"Gladiator (2000 film)",
"List of EastEnders characters (2018)",
"Channel 4",
"Dallas (1978 TV series)",
"Clavier-Übung III",
"List of Transformers animated series",
"Beauty and the Beast (musical)",
"Pornography",
"Pope John Paul II",
"The Big Bang Theory",
"List of One Life to Live characters (2000s)",
"Last of the Summer Wine",
"Superman (1978 film)",
"XTC",
"Women in science",
"List of Resident Evil characters",
"Logology (science)",
"Lynsey de Paul",
"Moon Knight",
"A Song of Ice and Fire",
"Henry VI, Part 2",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Vietnam War",
"Apple Inc.",
"John F. Kennedy",
"Nine Inch Nails",
"Hillary Clinton",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"List of The Originals characters",
"Yoko Ono",
"The House of Flowers (TV series)",
"Pet Shop Boys",
"List of 90210 characters",
"The Devil Wears Prada (film)",
"Blackpool",
"The City on the Edge of Forever",
"All Creatures Great and Small (1978 TV series)",
"Jennifer Lopez",
"Ken Livingstone",
"Guns N' Roses",
"List of Hollyoaks characters (2015)",
"Sorcerer (film)",
"Erwin Rommel",
"Soundwave (Transformers)",
"List of Kim Possible characters",
"WKNR",
"History of Rangers F.C.",
"Doctors (2000 TV series)",
"Havana",
"Chris Cornell",
"Jason Voorhees",
"Wikipedia",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"Radio drama",
"Electronic music",
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"Doctor Fate",
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"Nero Wolfe",
"List of Sgt. Frog characters",
"Russell Brand",
"Harry Potter",
"Arnold Schwarzenegger",
"List of characters in mythology novels by Rick Riordan",
"No Man's Sky",
"List of Doctor Who items",
"Revolver (Beatles album)",
"Batman (TV series)",
"Cinderella (1997 film)",
"History of magic",
"Doctor Who fandom",
"Parks and Recreation",
"History of the Chicago Cubs",
"Rihanna",
"Miscegenation",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
"The CW",
"Professional wrestling",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"Peggy Mitchell",
"Novak Djokovic",
"MC Hammer",
"Titanic (1997 film)",
"History of Missouri",
"Farscape",
"Monday Night Wars",
"Mick Foley",
"Steampunk",
"Nuclear program of Iran",
"History of ABS-CBN",
"List of Bleach characters",
"The Byrds",
"History of Oregon State Beavers football",
"History of Monday Night Football",
"Sherlock Holmes",
"M.I.A. (rapper)",
"Siti Nurhaliza",
"Bad Girls (TV series)",
"History of Derby County F.C. (1967–present)",
"Charles Lindbergh",
"Alternative versions of Spider-Man",
"Psycho (franchise)",
"History of music in Paris",
"List of Gotham (TV series) characters",
"Black British people",
"Die Hard",
"History of autism",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Waterloo Road (series 11)",
"Darna",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
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"Culture of Italy",
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"Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
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"List of unproduced film projects based on Marvel Comics",
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"Swan maiden",
"Marilyn Manson (band)",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Sport in the United Kingdom",
"Korean drama",
"History of American newspapers",
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"Bill Cosby sexual assault cases",
"Today (American TV program)",
"Indigenous Australians",
"Good Game (TV program)",
"History of science and technology in Japan",
"Brian Cox (actor)",
"List of Rurouni Kenshin characters",
"World War II by country",
"Cheers",
"The Tenth Planet",
"Jon Pertwee",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Isaac Asimov",
"Ion Antonescu",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"She-Hulk",
"Rock Machine MC criminal allegations and incidents",
"Carly Simon",
"Darth Vader",
"Len Johnson (boxer)",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"Leon Trotsky",
"CBS Thursday Night Movie",
"Guardians of the Galaxy (film)",
"Disney anthology television series",
"The Great British Bake Off",
"Paul Robinson (Neighbours)",
"Musical theatre",
"Katharine Hepburn",
"Final Fantasy VII",
"David Cameron",
"List of Deltora Quest characters",
"Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action",
"Scream (1996 film)",
"List of The Lego Movie (franchise) characters",
"Rock music in Australia",
"Joseph Stalin",
"The Secret Policeman's Ball",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Frozen (franchise)",
"Professional wrestling in Puerto Rico",
"Alien (franchise)",
"The West Wing",
"History of WWE",
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"Warner Bros.",
"Friday the 13th (franchise)",
"The Tomorrow People",
"Racism in association football",
"Genesis (band)",
"Video game music",
"2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony",
"Justin Timberlake",
"Planet of the Apes",
"Jimi Hendrix",
"Murder trial of O. J. Simpson",
"Crisis on Infinite Earths (Arrowverse)",
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"List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters",
"Evil Queen (Disney)",
"List of villains in VR Troopers",
"Gilmore Girls",
"Dad's Army",
"Rick Wakeman",
"Anarky",
"Nintendo Switch",
"Scientology",
"Donna Noble",
"Robert F. Kennedy",
"Special Relationship",
"WALL-E",
"List of Hunter × Hunter characters",
"List of Marvel Comics teams and organizations",
"Charles George Gordon",
"Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)",
"Mad Men",
"Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency",
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"Watchmen",
"War Doctor",
"Superman",
"Flash in other media",
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"Batman Returns",
"Numbertime",
"1970s",
"List of Doctor Who episodes (2005–present)",
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"Aquaman",
"China–United States relations",
"Wicked (musical)",
"Imperial Roman army",
"Fantastic Four",
"Springfield race riot of 1908",
"Kevin Smith",
"Red vs. Blue",
"Development of Final Fantasy XV",
"Robert De Niro",
"Judy Garland",
"Monday Night Football",
"South Pacific (musical)",
"Godzilla (2014 film)",
"Eurovision Song Contest",
"Nudity in film",
"Media portrayal of LGBT people",
"Star Trek (film)",
"RT (TV network)",
"List of Code Geass characters",
"Stephen Sondheim",
"Social media",
"Community (TV series)",
"Nintendo",
"Jane Fonda",
"History of Scotland",
"Ringo Starr",
"Kobe Bryant",
"History of Cumbria",
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"Demi Lovato",
"30 Rock",
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"Fifth Doctor",
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"List of Saw characters",
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"Lee Gordon (promoter)",
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"List of One Tree Hill characters",
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"Jo Grant",
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"Neil Young",
"Trumpism",
"Pittsburgh",
"Life on Mars (British TV series)",
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"Kate Bush",
"Angelina Jolie",
"Lemonade (album)",
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"Broadchurch (series 2)"
] |
57284b904b864d19001648e2 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The first buildings of the University of Chicago campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb. The Main Quadrangles consist of six quadrangles, each surrounded by buildings, bordering one larger quadrangle. The buildings of the Main Quadrangles were designed by Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, Holabird & Roche, and other architectural firms in a mixture of the Victorian Gothic and Collegiate Gothic styles, patterned on the colleges of the University of Oxford. (Mitchell Tower, for example, is modeled after Oxford's Magdalen Tower, and the university Commons, Hutchinson Hall, replicates Christ Church Hall.)",
"hi": "शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर की पहली इमारतें, जो अब मुख्य प्रांगण के रूप में जानी जाती हैं, एक \"मास्टर प्लान\" का हिस्सा थीं, जिसकी कल्पना शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के दो ट्रस्टियों द्वारा की गई थी और जिसे शिकागो के वास्तुकार हेनरी इवेस कॉब द्वारा तैयार किया गया था। मुख्य प्रांगण में छह चौकोर प्रांगण हैं, प्रत्येक प्रांगण एक चौकोर भवन से घिरा होता है, जिसके द्वारा एक बड़े चौकोर प्रांगण की सीमा बनती है। मुख्य प्रांगण की इमारतों को कोब, शेप्ली, रुटान और कूलिज, होलाबर्ड और रोश और अन्य वास्तुकला फर्मों द्वारा डिजाइन किया गया था, जो विक्टोरियन गोथिक और कॉलेजिएट गोथिक शैलियों के मिश्रण के रूप में ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय के कॉलेजों पर आधारित हैं। (उदाहरण के लिए, मिशेल टॉवर, ऑक्सफोर्ड के मैग्डलेन टॉवर के बाद तैयार की गई है, और यूनिवर्सिटी कॉमन्स, हचिंसन हॉल, क्राइस्ट चर्च हॉल की प्रतिलिपि हैं।)"
} | {
"en": "What are the first buildings the university built knows as today?",
"hi": "विश्वविद्यालय द्वारा निर्मित पहली इमारतें आज किस नाम से जाती हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"the Main Quadrangles"
],
"hi": [
"मुख्य प्रांगण"
]
} | {
"en": [
92,
96,
92,
92
],
"hi": [
54
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
"History and Society.Education"
] | 30_population_town_language | [
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] | [
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"New York University",
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"Princeton University",
"Florida State University",
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"Dartmouth College fraternities and sororities",
"Michigan State University",
"Boston University",
"Duke University",
"Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
"Central Philippine University",
"University of Virginia",
"Rutgers University",
"Vanderbilt University",
"Washington University in St. Louis",
"Wake Forest University",
"University of California, Berkeley",
"Arizona State University",
"University of California, Los Angeles",
"Carnegie Mellon University",
"University of British Columbia",
"California Lutheran University",
"George Washington University",
"Italian Americans",
"McGill University",
"University of Wisconsin–Madison",
"University of Toronto",
"University of Miami",
"History of women in the United States",
"King's College London",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"University of California, San Diego",
"California Institute of Technology",
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"History of Australia",
"University of Pittsburgh",
"University of Texas at Dallas",
"Fordham University",
"History of the University of Chicago",
"Tufts University",
"Women in science",
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"University of California, Davis",
"Millennials",
"Collegiate secret societies in North America",
"Stanford University",
"Dartmouth College",
"University of Cambridge",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
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"Carleton University",
"Florida International University",
"Chicago",
"University of Chicago Law School",
"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute",
"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign",
"Purdue University",
"University of Oxford",
"Institutional racism",
"Emory University",
"University of Scranton buildings and landmarks",
"Washington State University",
"University of Florida",
"Indiana University Bloomington",
"University of South Florida",
"University of Rochester",
"Georgia Tech",
"McMaster University",
"London School of Economics",
"University of Alberta",
"Miami University",
"Stony Brook University",
"Durham University",
"Alpha Phi Alpha",
"History of Northwestern University",
"University of Oregon",
"Civil rights movement",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
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"Development communication",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
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"Manhattan Project",
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"College of William & Mary",
"University of St Andrews",
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"History of Missouri",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1965–present)",
"University of Colorado Boulder",
"Liberty University",
"New York Institute of Technology",
"Logology (science)",
"History of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
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"Italy",
"University of Alabama",
"Pittsburgh",
"Queen's University at Kingston",
"History of the United States",
"University of Washington",
"Washington & Jefferson College",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"New Deal",
"University of Nebraska–Lincoln",
"University of Sheffield",
"Mercer University",
"Louisiana Tech University",
"University of Maryland, Baltimore County",
"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Texas A&M University",
"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign",
"New Mexico",
"Medical school",
"History of socialism",
"Neoliberalism",
"Foreign relations of India",
"University of California",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Friedrich Hayek",
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"Donald Trump",
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"Brigham Young University",
"Portugal",
"Education in the United States",
"Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
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"Theodore Roosevelt",
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"Brandeis University",
"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
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"Women in music",
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"John F. Kennedy",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Bill Clinton",
"Trinity College Dublin",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"University of Houston",
"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
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"History of Guatemala",
"History of France",
"University of Ottawa",
"Steele dossier",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Joseph A. Panuska",
"Indianapolis",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
"University of Utah",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Loyola Marymount University",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Hispanic and Latino Americans",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"Detroit",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"Montana State University",
"University of Oklahoma",
"City College of New York",
"Washington and Lee University",
"University at Buffalo",
"United Russia",
"History of the United States government",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Clemson University",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Talcott Parsons",
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"National University of San Marcos",
"Reed College",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Latin America",
"History of opera",
"History of the socialist movement in the United States",
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"University of Calgary",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
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"Political positions of Mitt Romney",
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"Case Western Reserve University",
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"Philadelphia",
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"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
"University of Maryland, College Park",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
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"History of Austria",
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"Presidency of Joe Biden",
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"Southern Illinois University Edwardsville",
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"American frontier",
"Education in India",
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"New York City",
"Havana",
"Rollins College",
"List of modern great powers",
"Ted Kennedy",
"Women in Islam",
"Hobart and William Smith Colleges",
"Delta Sigma Theta",
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"Iran–United States relations",
"California State University, Los Angeles",
"African Americans",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
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"Socialism",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Reconstruction era",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
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"List of films considered the worst",
"Puerto Rico",
"Ohio University",
"Flint water crisis",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Mitch Daniels",
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"Ethnomusicology",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Catholic Church sexual abuse cases",
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"United States Naval Academy",
"North Carolina State University",
"University of Texas at San Antonio",
"Early history of American football",
"History of Paris",
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"Woodrow Wilson",
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"New Orleans",
"History of the nude in art",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
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"Bernie Sanders",
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"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
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"University of Minnesota",
"Atlanta",
"Silliman University",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"History of the Jews in the United States",
"University of Essex",
"Vladimir Putin",
"Mexico",
"SAT",
"University of Dayton",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
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"Criticism of Confucius Institutes",
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"Project Y",
"John von Neumann",
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"Glenn Youngkin",
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"Presidency of Barack Obama",
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"University of Wisconsin–La Crosse",
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"Sciences Po",
"Dallas",
"Enoch Powell",
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"San Francisco",
"History of United States foreign policy",
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"Rudy Giuliani",
"Persecution of Christians",
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"Paris in the 18th century",
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"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Fake news",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
"Irish Americans",
"Apartheid",
"Temple University",
"University of Massachusetts Amherst",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Labor history of the United States",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Culture of the United States",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Xi Jinping",
"Bangladesh",
"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
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"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
"History of women in Puerto Rico",
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"New Jersey",
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"Political positions of John McCain",
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"Clarence Thomas",
"American imperialism",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
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"Nicolae Iorga",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"Metropolitan Museum of Art",
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"Cesar Chavez",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"Jesse Helms",
"Political positions of Donald Trump",
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"Nuclear program of Iran",
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"Sydney",
"Columbus, Ohio",
"Antioch College",
"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
"University of Connecticut",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Robert McNamara",
"Catholic University of America",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
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"Jewish culture",
"Archibald Cox",
"Sonia Sotomayor",
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
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"Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove",
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"Doctor of Philosophy",
"Black Lives Matter",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Boston",
"Special Relationship",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"University of Warwick",
"Ralph Northam",
"Dominican Republic",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"George McGovern",
"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Jesse Jackson",
"East Carolina University",
"History of Poland",
"Burbank, California",
"Saint Anselm College",
"Goldman Sachs",
"Alfred Waterhouse",
"Tulane University",
"Political positions of Susan Collins",
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"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
"Terry Sanford",
"United Kingdom",
"Southern Illinois University Carbondale",
"Mobile, Alabama",
"Scotland",
"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
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"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
"Goucher College",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
"Janet Yellen",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
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"New York (state)",
"Florida Atlantic University",
"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
"Sociology",
"History of chemistry",
"South African labour law",
"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
"University of East Anglia",
"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
"Salisbury University",
"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms",
"Fox News",
"Ball State University",
"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
"University of Glasgow",
"Gerald Ford",
"Georgia State University",
"Sierra Leone",
"Union College",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
"Briarcliff Manor, New York",
"Old Dominion University",
"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
"Midwestern United States",
"Norwich",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
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"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
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"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Memphis, Tennessee",
"Kazakhstan",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
"St. Louis",
"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
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"Grand Valley State University",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
"University of Arizona",
"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"History of anthropology by country",
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"Carleton College",
"Spokane, Washington",
"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Black British people",
"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign",
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"List of master's degrees in North America",
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"Richmond, Virginia",
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"History of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"David Petraeus",
"History of medicine",
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"Stuyvesant High School",
"Architecture of Seattle",
"Taiwan",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
"Joseph Stalin",
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"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
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"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
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"Trump administration family separation policy",
"History of social democracy",
"Vermont",
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"The Bronx",
"History of magic",
"Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson",
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"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
"University of Virginia fraternities and sororities",
"Baltimore City College",
"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"Anti-communism",
"David Cameron",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Madrid",
"University of Notre Dame residence halls",
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"BP",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
"Economy of India",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
"LGBT movements in the United States",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Jean Chrétien",
"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
"Culture of Australia",
"Issues in higher education in the United States",
"Barranquilla",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
"University of New Hampshire",
"Cincinnati",
"Anarchism in the United States",
"Glasgow",
"Religion in China",
"Polytechnic University of the Philippines",
"Frankston, Victoria",
"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
"St. Olaf College",
"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
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"History of American football",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
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"Police brutality by country",
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"Julius Nyerere",
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"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
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"Mike Gravel",
"History of Jamaica",
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"Wartime sexual violence",
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"Charles Rangel",
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"Thammasat University",
"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
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"Albany, New York",
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"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
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"Nazism",
"Historikerstreit",
"Brian Wilson",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
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"Russia",
"Australian National University",
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"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
"Harold Macmillan",
"Wye College",
"Wales",
"Ted Cruz",
"South African Border War",
"Abbott government",
"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
57284b904b864d19001648e3 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The first buildings of the University of Chicago campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb. The Main Quadrangles consist of six quadrangles, each surrounded by buildings, bordering one larger quadrangle. The buildings of the Main Quadrangles were designed by Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, Holabird & Roche, and other architectural firms in a mixture of the Victorian Gothic and Collegiate Gothic styles, patterned on the colleges of the University of Oxford. (Mitchell Tower, for example, is modeled after Oxford's Magdalen Tower, and the university Commons, Hutchinson Hall, replicates Christ Church Hall.)",
"hi": "शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर की पहली इमारतें, जो अब मुख्य प्रांगण के रूप में जानी जाती हैं, एक \"मास्टर प्लान\" का हिस्सा थीं, जिसकी कल्पना शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के दो ट्रस्टियों द्वारा की गई थी और जिसे शिकागो के वास्तुकार हेनरी इवेस कॉब द्वारा तैयार किया गया था। मुख्य प्रांगण में छह चौकोर प्रांगण हैं, प्रत्येक प्रांगण एक चौकोर भवन से घिरा होता है, जिसके द्वारा एक बड़े चौकोर प्रांगण की सीमा बनती है। मुख्य प्रांगण की इमारतों को कोब, शेप्ली, रुटान और कूलिज, होलाबर्ड और रोश और अन्य वास्तुकला फर्मों द्वारा डिजाइन किया गया था, जो विक्टोरियन गोथिक और कॉलेजिएट गोथिक शैलियों के मिश्रण के रूप में ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय के कॉलेजों पर आधारित हैं। (उदाहरण के लिए, मिशेल टॉवर, ऑक्सफोर्ड के मैग्डलेन टॉवर के बाद तैयार की गई है, और यूनिवर्सिटी कॉमन्स, हचिंसन हॉल, क्राइस्ट चर्च हॉल की प्रतिलिपि हैं।)"
} | {
"en": "How many quadrangles does the Main Quadrangles have?",
"hi": "मुख्य प्रांगण में कितने चौकोर प्रांगण हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"six"
],
"hi": [
"छह"
]
} | {
"en": [
273,
273,
273,
273
],
"hi": [
281
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
"History and Society.Education"
] | 30_population_town_language | [
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"Twitter",
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"South Korea",
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"History of anthropology by country",
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"List of Mad Men characters",
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"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
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"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
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"List of NCIS characters",
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"History of American newspapers",
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"Concordia University",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
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"Police brutality by country",
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"History of slavery",
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"Iraq War",
"1972 in the Vietnam War",
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"History of California (1900–present)",
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"Troy H. Middleton",
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"Executive compensation in the United States",
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"Democratic Party (United States)",
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"Chris Christie",
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"India–United States relations",
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"Lyndon LaRouche",
"Oklahoma",
"Nothing Records",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Beijing",
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"Ronald Reagan",
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"Economic history of Portugal",
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] |
57284b904b864d19001648e4 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The first buildings of the University of Chicago campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb. The Main Quadrangles consist of six quadrangles, each surrounded by buildings, bordering one larger quadrangle. The buildings of the Main Quadrangles were designed by Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, Holabird & Roche, and other architectural firms in a mixture of the Victorian Gothic and Collegiate Gothic styles, patterned on the colleges of the University of Oxford. (Mitchell Tower, for example, is modeled after Oxford's Magdalen Tower, and the university Commons, Hutchinson Hall, replicates Christ Church Hall.)",
"hi": "शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर की पहली इमारतें, जो अब मुख्य प्रांगण के रूप में जानी जाती हैं, एक \"मास्टर प्लान\" का हिस्सा थीं, जिसकी कल्पना शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के दो ट्रस्टियों द्वारा की गई थी और जिसे शिकागो के वास्तुकार हेनरी इवेस कॉब द्वारा तैयार किया गया था। मुख्य प्रांगण में छह चौकोर प्रांगण हैं, प्रत्येक प्रांगण एक चौकोर भवन से घिरा होता है, जिसके द्वारा एक बड़े चौकोर प्रांगण की सीमा बनती है। मुख्य प्रांगण की इमारतों को कोब, शेप्ली, रुटान और कूलिज, होलाबर्ड और रोश और अन्य वास्तुकला फर्मों द्वारा डिजाइन किया गया था, जो विक्टोरियन गोथिक और कॉलेजिएट गोथिक शैलियों के मिश्रण के रूप में ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय के कॉलेजों पर आधारित हैं। (उदाहरण के लिए, मिशेल टॉवर, ऑक्सफोर्ड के मैग्डलेन टॉवर के बाद तैयार की गई है, और यूनिवर्सिटी कॉमन्स, हचिंसन हॉल, क्राइस्ट चर्च हॉल की प्रतिलिपि हैं।)"
} | {
"en": "Who helped designed the Main Quadrangles?",
"hi": "मुख्य प्रांगण को डिजाइन करने में किसने मदद की?"
} | {
"en": [
"Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, Holabird & Roche,"
],
"hi": [
"कोब, शेप्ली, रुटान और कूलिज, होलाबर्ड और रोश और अन्य वास्तुकला फर्मों"
]
} | {
"en": [
408,
224,
408,
408
],
"hi": [
429
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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"Twitter",
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"Grand Valley State University",
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"Canada convoy protest",
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"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Black British people",
"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign",
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"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
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"History of medicine",
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"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
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"List of NCIS characters",
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"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
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"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
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"Trump administration family separation policy",
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"History of magic",
"Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson",
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"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
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"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
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"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
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"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
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"David Cameron",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Madrid",
"University of Notre Dame residence halls",
"History of the United States (2008–present)",
"BP",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
"Economy of India",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
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"LGBT movements in the United States",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
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"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
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"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
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"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
"Hubert Humphrey",
"Vietnam",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
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"Jack Kemp",
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"Police brutality by country",
"Culture of Italy",
"Ireland",
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"Cultural Revolution",
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"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
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"BBC Television Shakespeare",
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"Julius Nyerere",
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"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
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"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
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"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
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"Russia",
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] |
57284b904b864d19001648e5 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The first buildings of the University of Chicago campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb. The Main Quadrangles consist of six quadrangles, each surrounded by buildings, bordering one larger quadrangle. The buildings of the Main Quadrangles were designed by Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, Holabird & Roche, and other architectural firms in a mixture of the Victorian Gothic and Collegiate Gothic styles, patterned on the colleges of the University of Oxford. (Mitchell Tower, for example, is modeled after Oxford's Magdalen Tower, and the university Commons, Hutchinson Hall, replicates Christ Church Hall.)",
"hi": "शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर की पहली इमारतें, जो अब मुख्य प्रांगण के रूप में जानी जाती हैं, एक \"मास्टर प्लान\" का हिस्सा थीं, जिसकी कल्पना शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के दो ट्रस्टियों द्वारा की गई थी और जिसे शिकागो के वास्तुकार हेनरी इवेस कॉब द्वारा तैयार किया गया था। मुख्य प्रांगण में छह चौकोर प्रांगण हैं, प्रत्येक प्रांगण एक चौकोर भवन से घिरा होता है, जिसके द्वारा एक बड़े चौकोर प्रांगण की सीमा बनती है। मुख्य प्रांगण की इमारतों को कोब, शेप्ली, रुटान और कूलिज, होलाबर्ड और रोश और अन्य वास्तुकला फर्मों द्वारा डिजाइन किया गया था, जो विक्टोरियन गोथिक और कॉलेजिएट गोथिक शैलियों के मिश्रण के रूप में ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय के कॉलेजों पर आधारित हैं। (उदाहरण के लिए, मिशेल टॉवर, ऑक्सफोर्ड के मैग्डलेन टॉवर के बाद तैयार की गई है, और यूनिवर्सिटी कॉमन्स, हचिंसन हॉल, क्राइस्ट चर्च हॉल की प्रतिलिपि हैं।)"
} | {
"en": "The Mitchell Tower is designed to look like what Oxford tower?",
"hi": "मिशेल टॉवर को क्या ऑक्सफोर्ड टॉवर की तरह दिखने के लिए बनाया गया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Oxford's Magdalen Tower"
],
"hi": [
"मैग्डलेन टॉवर"
]
} | {
"en": [
660,
669,
669,
669
],
"hi": [
684
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
"History and Society.Education"
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"Bernie Sanders",
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"Atlanta",
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"The Spirit of the Age",
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"Enoch Powell",
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"University of Massachusetts Amherst",
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"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
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"Slavery in the United States",
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"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
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"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
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"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
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"Nicolae Iorga",
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"History of painting",
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"Columbus, Ohio",
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"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
"University of Connecticut",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
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"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
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"Pierre Trudeau",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
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"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
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"Special Relationship",
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"Ralph Northam",
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"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
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"History of Poland",
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"Academic degree",
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"United Kingdom",
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"Mobile, Alabama",
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"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
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"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
"Goucher College",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
"Janet Yellen",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
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"New York (state)",
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"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
"Sociology",
"History of chemistry",
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"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
"University of East Anglia",
"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
"Salisbury University",
"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms",
"Fox News",
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"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
"University of Glasgow",
"Gerald Ford",
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"Sierra Leone",
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"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
"Briarcliff Manor, New York",
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"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
"Midwestern United States",
"Norwich",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
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"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
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"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
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"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
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"Grand Valley State University",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
"University of Arizona",
"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
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"Spokane, Washington",
"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
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"History of medicine",
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"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
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"History of American newspapers",
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"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
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"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
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"History of private equity and venture capital",
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"Warren G. Harding",
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"Hannah Arendt",
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"History of autism",
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"IIT Kharagpur",
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"Russia",
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"Illegal immigration to the United States",
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"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
57284b904b864d19001648e6 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The first buildings of the University of Chicago campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan\" conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb. The Main Quadrangles consist of six quadrangles, each surrounded by buildings, bordering one larger quadrangle. The buildings of the Main Quadrangles were designed by Cobb, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, Holabird & Roche, and other architectural firms in a mixture of the Victorian Gothic and Collegiate Gothic styles, patterned on the colleges of the University of Oxford. (Mitchell Tower, for example, is modeled after Oxford's Magdalen Tower, and the university Commons, Hutchinson Hall, replicates Christ Church Hall.)",
"hi": "शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर की पहली इमारतें, जो अब मुख्य प्रांगण के रूप में जानी जाती हैं, एक \"मास्टर प्लान\" का हिस्सा थीं, जिसकी कल्पना शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के दो ट्रस्टियों द्वारा की गई थी और जिसे शिकागो के वास्तुकार हेनरी इवेस कॉब द्वारा तैयार किया गया था। मुख्य प्रांगण में छह चौकोर प्रांगण हैं, प्रत्येक प्रांगण एक चौकोर भवन से घिरा होता है, जिसके द्वारा एक बड़े चौकोर प्रांगण की सीमा बनती है। मुख्य प्रांगण की इमारतों को कोब, शेप्ली, रुटान और कूलिज, होलाबर्ड और रोश और अन्य वास्तुकला फर्मों द्वारा डिजाइन किया गया था, जो विक्टोरियन गोथिक और कॉलेजिएट गोथिक शैलियों के मिश्रण के रूप में ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय के कॉलेजों पर आधारित हैं। (उदाहरण के लिए, मिशेल टॉवर, ऑक्सफोर्ड के मैग्डलेन टॉवर के बाद तैयार की गई है, और यूनिवर्सिटी कॉमन्स, हचिंसन हॉल, क्राइस्ट चर्च हॉल की प्रतिलिपि हैं।)"
} | {
"en": "Hutchinson Hall was designed to look like what Oxford hall?",
"hi": "हचिंसन हॉल को क्या ऑक्सफोर्ड हॉल की तरह दिखने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Christ Church Hall"
],
"hi": [
"क्राइस्ट चर्च हॉल"
]
} | {
"en": [
741,
741,
741,
741
],
"hi": [
756
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
"History and Society.Education"
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"Twitter",
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"List of Mad Men characters",
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"2000s",
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"List of NCIS characters",
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"1972 in the Vietnam War",
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"History of California (1900–present)",
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"Nothing Records",
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"Beijing",
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"Ronald Reagan",
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] |
57284d484b864d1900164900 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "After the 1940s, the Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles. In 1955, Eero Saarinen was contracted to develop a second master plan, which led to the construction of buildings both north and south of the Midway, including the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle (a complex designed by Saarinen); a series of arts buildings; a building designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe for the university's School of Social Service Administration;, a building which is to become the home of the Harris School of Public Policy Studies by Edward Durrell Stone, and the Regenstein Library, the largest building on campus, a brutalist structure designed by Walter Netsch of the Chicago firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. Another master plan, designed in 1999 and updated in 2004, produced the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center (2003), the Max Palevsky Residential Commons (2001), South Campus Residence Hall and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital, and other construction, expansions, and restorations. In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, which provides a grand reading room for the university library and prevents the need for an off-campus book depository.",
"hi": "1940 के दशक के बाद, परिसर में गोथिक शैली ने आधुनिक शैलियों को अपनाना शुरू कर दिया। 1955 में,ईरो सारीनेन को एक दूसरा मास्टर प्लान विकसित करने के लिए अनुबंधित किया गया था, जिसके कारण मिडवे के उत्तर और दक्षिण दोनों भवनों का निर्माण हुआ, जिसमें द लेयर्ड बेल लॉ प्रांगण (सारीनेन द्वारा डिज़ाइन किया गया एक कॉम्प्लेक्स) शामिल है; कला भवनों की एक श्रृंखला; यूनिवर्सिटी के के लिए लुडविग माइस वैन डेर रोहे द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत स्कूल ऑफ सोशल सर्विस एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन; और एडवर्ड ड्यूरेल स्टोन द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत हैरिस स्कूल ऑफ पब्लिक पॉलिसी स्टडीज और कैंपस की सबसे बड़ी इमारत रेजेनस्टाइन लाइब्रेरी का घर बन गई है। शिकागो फर्म स्किडमोर, वालिंग्स और मेरिल के वाल्टर नेट्च द्वारा एक ब्रूटलिस्ट संरचना डिजाइन की गई। 1999 में एक और मास्टर प्लान डिजाइन किया गया था और 2004 में अपडेट किया गया था, गेराल्ड रैटनर एथलेटिक्स सेंटर (2003), मैक्स पैलेव्स्की रेजीडेंशियल्स कॉमन्स (2001), साउथ कैंपस रेजिडेंस हॉल और डाइनिंग कॉमन (2009), बच्चों का एक नया अस्पताल, और अन्य निर्माण, विस्तार और पुरानी इमारतों की मरम्मत की गयी। 2011 में, विश्वविद्यालय ने रिका मनसुइटो लाइब्रेरी को कांच से गुंबद के आकार वाला बनाया, जो विश्वविद्यालय के पुस्तकालय के लिए एक भव्य वाचनालय प्रदान करता है और एक ऑफ-कैंपस के लिए किताब के संग्रहण की आवश्यकता को रोकता है।"
} | {
"en": "During what decade did the campus start to look more modern?",
"hi": "कौन-से दशक के दौरान परिसर अधिक आधुनिक लगने लगा?"
} | {
"en": [
"the 1940s"
],
"hi": [
"1940 के दशक के बाद"
]
} | {
"en": [
6,
0
],
"hi": [
0
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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"Joe Biden",
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] |
57284d484b864d1900164901 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "After the 1940s, the Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles. In 1955, Eero Saarinen was contracted to develop a second master plan, which led to the construction of buildings both north and south of the Midway, including the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle (a complex designed by Saarinen); a series of arts buildings; a building designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe for the university's School of Social Service Administration;, a building which is to become the home of the Harris School of Public Policy Studies by Edward Durrell Stone, and the Regenstein Library, the largest building on campus, a brutalist structure designed by Walter Netsch of the Chicago firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. Another master plan, designed in 1999 and updated in 2004, produced the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center (2003), the Max Palevsky Residential Commons (2001), South Campus Residence Hall and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital, and other construction, expansions, and restorations. In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, which provides a grand reading room for the university library and prevents the need for an off-campus book depository.",
"hi": "1940 के दशक के बाद, परिसर में गोथिक शैली ने आधुनिक शैलियों को अपनाना शुरू कर दिया। 1955 में,ईरो सारीनेन को एक दूसरा मास्टर प्लान विकसित करने के लिए अनुबंधित किया गया था, जिसके कारण मिडवे के उत्तर और दक्षिण दोनों भवनों का निर्माण हुआ, जिसमें द लेयर्ड बेल लॉ प्रांगण (सारीनेन द्वारा डिज़ाइन किया गया एक कॉम्प्लेक्स) शामिल है; कला भवनों की एक श्रृंखला; यूनिवर्सिटी के के लिए लुडविग माइस वैन डेर रोहे द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत स्कूल ऑफ सोशल सर्विस एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन; और एडवर्ड ड्यूरेल स्टोन द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत हैरिस स्कूल ऑफ पब्लिक पॉलिसी स्टडीज और कैंपस की सबसे बड़ी इमारत रेजेनस्टाइन लाइब्रेरी का घर बन गई है। शिकागो फर्म स्किडमोर, वालिंग्स और मेरिल के वाल्टर नेट्च द्वारा एक ब्रूटलिस्ट संरचना डिजाइन की गई। 1999 में एक और मास्टर प्लान डिजाइन किया गया था और 2004 में अपडेट किया गया था, गेराल्ड रैटनर एथलेटिक्स सेंटर (2003), मैक्स पैलेव्स्की रेजीडेंशियल्स कॉमन्स (2001), साउथ कैंपस रेजिडेंस हॉल और डाइनिंग कॉमन (2009), बच्चों का एक नया अस्पताल, और अन्य निर्माण, विस्तार और पुरानी इमारतों की मरम्मत की गयी। 2011 में, विश्वविद्यालय ने रिका मनसुइटो लाइब्रेरी को कांच से गुंबद के आकार वाला बनाया, जो विश्वविद्यालय के पुस्तकालय के लिए एक भव्य वाचनालय प्रदान करता है और एक ऑफ-कैंपस के लिए किताब के संग्रहण की आवश्यकता को रोकता है।"
} | {
"en": "Who was assigned to design a second master plan?",
"hi": "दूसरा मास्टर प्लान डिजाइन करने के लिए किसे सौंपा गया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Eero Saarinen"
],
"hi": [
"ईरो सारीनेन"
]
} | {
"en": [
89,
89,
89
],
"hi": [
92
]
} | [
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"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
"Heidelberg University",
"University of North Alabama",
"Women in music",
"Greece",
"John F. Kennedy",
"Hillary Clinton",
"North Carolina A&T State University",
"Wesleyan University",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"Williams College",
"Bill Clinton",
"Trinity College Dublin",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"University of Houston",
"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
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"History of Guatemala",
"History of France",
"University of Ottawa",
"Steele dossier",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Joseph A. Panuska",
"Indianapolis",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
"University of Utah",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Loyola Marymount University",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Hispanic and Latino Americans",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"Detroit",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"Montana State University",
"University of Oklahoma",
"City College of New York",
"Washington and Lee University",
"University at Buffalo",
"United Russia",
"History of the United States government",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Clemson University",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Talcott Parsons",
"Israel",
"National University of San Marcos",
"Reed College",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Latin America",
"History of opera",
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"Virginia",
"University of Calgary",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
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"Racism in the United States",
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"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Culture of England",
"Illinois Institute of Technology",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"George W. Bush",
"University of Western Ontario",
"Illinois",
"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election",
"China–United States relations",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"List of University of Minnesota fraternities and sororities",
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"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Progressive Era",
"History of science",
"Dartmouth College student groups",
"Austin, Texas",
"Political positions of Mitt Romney",
"Louisiana State University",
"Case Western Reserve University",
"United States Military Academy",
"Philadelphia",
"Marist College",
"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
"University of Maryland, College Park",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Mitt Romney",
"History of Austria",
"Jimmy Carter",
"History of Cornell University",
"University of California, Riverside",
"Pomona College",
"Presidency of Joe Biden",
"Tsinghua University",
"Southern Illinois University Edwardsville",
"Boris Johnson",
"American frontier",
"Education in India",
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"New York City",
"Havana",
"Rollins College",
"List of modern great powers",
"Ted Kennedy",
"Women in Islam",
"Hobart and William Smith Colleges",
"Delta Sigma Theta",
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"California State University, Los Angeles",
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"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
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"Racial views of Donald Trump",
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"List of films considered the worst",
"Puerto Rico",
"Ohio University",
"Flint water crisis",
"John Maynard Keynes",
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"African-American history",
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"North Carolina State University",
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"Early history of American football",
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"Christian culture",
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"New Orleans",
"History of the nude in art",
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"Bernie Sanders",
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"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
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"University of Minnesota",
"Atlanta",
"Silliman University",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"History of the Jews in the United States",
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"Dallas",
"Enoch Powell",
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"Light in painting",
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"History of United States foreign policy",
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"Education in South Korea",
"Facebook",
"Miscegenation",
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"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
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"History of the Philippines",
"Louhelen Baháʼí School",
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"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
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"Salt Lake City",
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"Women in government",
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"Economy of the United States",
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"United Kingdom labour law",
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"Baby boomers",
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"Doctor of Philosophy",
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"Special Relationship",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
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"Ralph Northam",
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"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
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"History of Poland",
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"Alfred Waterhouse",
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"Political positions of Susan Collins",
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"Academic degree",
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"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
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"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
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"Alexander Zinoviev",
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"Twitter",
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"Grand Valley State University",
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"South Korea",
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"History of anthropology by country",
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"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
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"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
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"Richmond, Virginia",
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"History of medicine",
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"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
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"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
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"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
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"Hungary",
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"Cherbourg",
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"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
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"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
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"History of private equity and venture capital",
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"History of autism",
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"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
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"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
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"History of American football",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
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"Jack Kemp",
"Michael Bloomberg",
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"Brazil",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Herbert Hoover",
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"Modernism",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"Trinity Western University",
"Police brutality by country",
"Culture of Italy",
"Ireland",
"Campus of Stony Brook University",
"Kentucky",
"Cultural Revolution",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
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"Shimer Great Books School",
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"Wichita, Kansas",
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"History of slavery",
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"Hamas",
"Iraq War",
"1972 in the Vietnam War",
"Kettering University",
"History of California (1900–present)",
"Mao Zedong",
"Troy H. Middleton",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"George Soros",
"Berlin",
"Executive compensation in the United States",
"Blueberry (comics)",
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"Great Depression",
"Well-being contributing factors",
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"University of Freiburg",
"Democratic Party (United States)",
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"Chris Christie",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement",
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"India–United States relations",
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"History of radar",
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"Napoleon III",
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"Lyndon LaRouche",
"Oklahoma",
"Nothing Records",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Beijing",
"Portland, Oregon",
"Transcendental Meditation movement",
"Ronald Reagan",
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"History of libraries",
"Noam Chomsky",
"Chile",
"Kamala Harris",
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"The Dresden Files characters",
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"Economic history of Portugal",
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"Protestantism",
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"History of North American fraternities and sororities",
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"Ku Klux Klan",
"American literature",
"Peking University",
"Muhammad Ali",
"Sweden",
"Huntington, West Virginia",
"Bill Cosby sexual assault cases",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
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"Al Gore",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
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"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump",
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"17 October Revolution",
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"W. E. B. Du Bois",
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"Washington, D.C.",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
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"United States Agency for International Development",
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"Drexel University",
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"September 11 attacks",
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"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
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"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
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"History of the United States Space Force",
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"Roe v. Wade",
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"Educational technology",
"Julius Nyerere",
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"San Francisco Bay Area",
"Homelessness",
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"Social media",
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"History of Virginia",
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"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
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"Wye College",
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"Ted Cruz",
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] |
57284d484b864d1900164902 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "After the 1940s, the Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles. In 1955, Eero Saarinen was contracted to develop a second master plan, which led to the construction of buildings both north and south of the Midway, including the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle (a complex designed by Saarinen); a series of arts buildings; a building designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe for the university's School of Social Service Administration;, a building which is to become the home of the Harris School of Public Policy Studies by Edward Durrell Stone, and the Regenstein Library, the largest building on campus, a brutalist structure designed by Walter Netsch of the Chicago firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. Another master plan, designed in 1999 and updated in 2004, produced the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center (2003), the Max Palevsky Residential Commons (2001), South Campus Residence Hall and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital, and other construction, expansions, and restorations. In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, which provides a grand reading room for the university library and prevents the need for an off-campus book depository.",
"hi": "1940 के दशक के बाद, परिसर में गोथिक शैली ने आधुनिक शैलियों को अपनाना शुरू कर दिया। 1955 में,ईरो सारीनेन को एक दूसरा मास्टर प्लान विकसित करने के लिए अनुबंधित किया गया था, जिसके कारण मिडवे के उत्तर और दक्षिण दोनों भवनों का निर्माण हुआ, जिसमें द लेयर्ड बेल लॉ प्रांगण (सारीनेन द्वारा डिज़ाइन किया गया एक कॉम्प्लेक्स) शामिल है; कला भवनों की एक श्रृंखला; यूनिवर्सिटी के के लिए लुडविग माइस वैन डेर रोहे द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत स्कूल ऑफ सोशल सर्विस एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन; और एडवर्ड ड्यूरेल स्टोन द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत हैरिस स्कूल ऑफ पब्लिक पॉलिसी स्टडीज और कैंपस की सबसे बड़ी इमारत रेजेनस्टाइन लाइब्रेरी का घर बन गई है। शिकागो फर्म स्किडमोर, वालिंग्स और मेरिल के वाल्टर नेट्च द्वारा एक ब्रूटलिस्ट संरचना डिजाइन की गई। 1999 में एक और मास्टर प्लान डिजाइन किया गया था और 2004 में अपडेट किया गया था, गेराल्ड रैटनर एथलेटिक्स सेंटर (2003), मैक्स पैलेव्स्की रेजीडेंशियल्स कॉमन्स (2001), साउथ कैंपस रेजिडेंस हॉल और डाइनिंग कॉमन (2009), बच्चों का एक नया अस्पताल, और अन्य निर्माण, विस्तार और पुरानी इमारतों की मरम्मत की गयी। 2011 में, विश्वविद्यालय ने रिका मनसुइटो लाइब्रेरी को कांच से गुंबद के आकार वाला बनाया, जो विश्वविद्यालय के पुस्तकालय के लिए एक भव्य वाचनालय प्रदान करता है और एक ऑफ-कैंपस के लिए किताब के संग्रहण की आवश्यकता को रोकता है।"
} | {
"en": "What administration did Ludwig Mies van der Rohe designa buiding?",
"hi": "लुडविग मेस वैन डेर रोहे ने एक इमारत का निर्माण किस एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन से कराया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"School of Social Service Administration"
],
"hi": [
"स्कूल ऑफ सोशल सर्विस एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन"
]
} | {
"en": [
401,
401,
384
],
"hi": [
426
]
} | [
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"IIT Kharagpur",
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"Historikerstreit",
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] |
57284d484b864d1900164903 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "After the 1940s, the Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles. In 1955, Eero Saarinen was contracted to develop a second master plan, which led to the construction of buildings both north and south of the Midway, including the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle (a complex designed by Saarinen); a series of arts buildings; a building designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe for the university's School of Social Service Administration;, a building which is to become the home of the Harris School of Public Policy Studies by Edward Durrell Stone, and the Regenstein Library, the largest building on campus, a brutalist structure designed by Walter Netsch of the Chicago firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. Another master plan, designed in 1999 and updated in 2004, produced the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center (2003), the Max Palevsky Residential Commons (2001), South Campus Residence Hall and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital, and other construction, expansions, and restorations. In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, which provides a grand reading room for the university library and prevents the need for an off-campus book depository.",
"hi": "1940 के दशक के बाद, परिसर में गोथिक शैली ने आधुनिक शैलियों को अपनाना शुरू कर दिया। 1955 में,ईरो सारीनेन को एक दूसरा मास्टर प्लान विकसित करने के लिए अनुबंधित किया गया था, जिसके कारण मिडवे के उत्तर और दक्षिण दोनों भवनों का निर्माण हुआ, जिसमें द लेयर्ड बेल लॉ प्रांगण (सारीनेन द्वारा डिज़ाइन किया गया एक कॉम्प्लेक्स) शामिल है; कला भवनों की एक श्रृंखला; यूनिवर्सिटी के के लिए लुडविग माइस वैन डेर रोहे द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत स्कूल ऑफ सोशल सर्विस एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन; और एडवर्ड ड्यूरेल स्टोन द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत हैरिस स्कूल ऑफ पब्लिक पॉलिसी स्टडीज और कैंपस की सबसे बड़ी इमारत रेजेनस्टाइन लाइब्रेरी का घर बन गई है। शिकागो फर्म स्किडमोर, वालिंग्स और मेरिल के वाल्टर नेट्च द्वारा एक ब्रूटलिस्ट संरचना डिजाइन की गई। 1999 में एक और मास्टर प्लान डिजाइन किया गया था और 2004 में अपडेट किया गया था, गेराल्ड रैटनर एथलेटिक्स सेंटर (2003), मैक्स पैलेव्स्की रेजीडेंशियल्स कॉमन्स (2001), साउथ कैंपस रेजिडेंस हॉल और डाइनिंग कॉमन (2009), बच्चों का एक नया अस्पताल, और अन्य निर्माण, विस्तार और पुरानी इमारतों की मरम्मत की गयी। 2011 में, विश्वविद्यालय ने रिका मनसुइटो लाइब्रेरी को कांच से गुंबद के आकार वाला बनाया, जो विश्वविद्यालय के पुस्तकालय के लिए एक भव्य वाचनालय प्रदान करता है और एक ऑफ-कैंपस के लिए किताब के संग्रहण की आवश्यकता को रोकता है।"
} | {
"en": "What public policy school found it's home in the building that Ludwig Mies van der Rohe designed?",
"hi": "लुडविग मेस वैन डेर रोहे ने जिस इमारत का निर्माण किया है, वह किस पब्लिक पॉलिसी स्कूल की है?"
} | {
"en": [
"Harris School of Public Policy Studies"
],
"hi": [
"हैरिस स्कूल ऑफ पब्लिक पॉलिसी स्टडीज"
]
} | {
"en": [
489,
489,
485
],
"hi": [
516
]
} | [
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"Clemson University",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Talcott Parsons",
"Israel",
"National University of San Marcos",
"Reed College",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Latin America",
"History of opera",
"History of the socialist movement in the United States",
"Virginia",
"University of Calgary",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Baltimore",
"Ohio Wesleyan University",
"Racism in the United States",
"Tartan",
"American Jews",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Culture of England",
"Illinois Institute of Technology",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"George W. Bush",
"University of Western Ontario",
"Illinois",
"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election",
"China–United States relations",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"List of University of Minnesota fraternities and sororities",
"European Union law",
"England",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Progressive Era",
"History of science",
"Dartmouth College student groups",
"Austin, Texas",
"Political positions of Mitt Romney",
"Louisiana State University",
"Case Western Reserve University",
"United States Military Academy",
"Philadelphia",
"Marist College",
"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
"University of Maryland, College Park",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Mitt Romney",
"History of Austria",
"Jimmy Carter",
"History of Cornell University",
"University of California, Riverside",
"Pomona College",
"Presidency of Joe Biden",
"Tsinghua University",
"Southern Illinois University Edwardsville",
"Boris Johnson",
"American frontier",
"Education in India",
"Pennsylvania State University",
"New York City",
"Havana",
"Rollins College",
"List of modern great powers",
"Ted Kennedy",
"Women in Islam",
"Hobart and William Smith Colleges",
"Delta Sigma Theta",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"Iran–United States relations",
"California State University, Los Angeles",
"African Americans",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Rochester Institute of Technology",
"Pakistan",
"University of Manchester",
"Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Higher education in the United States",
"Harry S. Truman",
"Marquette University",
"Socialism",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Reconstruction era",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Newark, New Jersey",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Bachelor's degree",
"Tulsa, Oklahoma",
"List of films considered the worst",
"Puerto Rico",
"Ohio University",
"Flint water crisis",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Mitch Daniels",
"Lithuania",
"African-American history",
"United States labor law",
"Psychology",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Catholic Church sexual abuse cases",
"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
"Texas",
"United States Naval Academy",
"North Carolina State University",
"University of Texas at San Antonio",
"Early history of American football",
"History of Paris",
"Robert F. Kennedy",
"Woodrow Wilson",
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"Christian culture",
"Houston",
"New Orleans",
"History of the nude in art",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
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"Education in Haiti",
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"Bernie Sanders",
"Kent State University",
"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"San Francisco State University",
"University of Minnesota",
"Atlanta",
"Silliman University",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"History of the Jews in the United States",
"University of Essex",
"Vladimir Putin",
"Mexico",
"SAT",
"University of Dayton",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Confucius Institutes",
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"University of Victoria",
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"John von Neumann",
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"Glenn Youngkin",
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"Presidency of Barack Obama",
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"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
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"Dallas",
"Enoch Powell",
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"University of Bristol",
"London",
"Oberlin College",
"Light in painting",
"San Francisco",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"Moscow",
"Education in South Korea",
"Facebook",
"Miscegenation",
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"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)",
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"Iran",
"Texas Longhorns men's basketball",
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"Trinity College, Toronto",
"Enrico Fermi",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
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"History of the Philippines",
"Louhelen Baháʼí School",
"Richard Nixon",
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"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
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"Calgary",
"Toronto Metropolitan University",
"Phi Delta Theta",
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"John McCain",
"History of Scotland",
"Jacksonville, Florida",
"University of Vermont",
"Salt Lake City",
"College of the Holy Cross",
"Women in government",
"Cleveland",
"Economy of the United States",
"Portland State University",
"France",
"List of General Hospital characters",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
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"University of Melbourne",
"Swarthmore College",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"French Resistance",
"Trumpism",
"National Collegiate Athletic Association",
"University of North Texas",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Robert Byrd",
"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Fake news",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
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"Apartheid",
"Temple University",
"University of Massachusetts Amherst",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
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"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Culture of the United States",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Xi Jinping",
"Bangladesh",
"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
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"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
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"New Jersey",
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"Clarence Thomas",
"American imperialism",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
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"Nicolae Iorga",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
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"Columbus, Ohio",
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"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
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"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
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"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
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"Black Lives Matter",
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"Special Relationship",
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"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
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"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
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"History of Poland",
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"Saint Anselm College",
"Goldman Sachs",
"Alfred Waterhouse",
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"Political positions of Susan Collins",
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"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
"Terry Sanford",
"United Kingdom",
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"Mobile, Alabama",
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"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
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"Characters of Casualty",
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"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
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"Supreme Court of the United States",
"Janet Yellen",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
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"New York (state)",
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"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
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"History of chemistry",
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"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
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"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
"Salisbury University",
"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms",
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"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
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"Gerald Ford",
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"Sierra Leone",
"Union College",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
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"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
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"Norwich",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
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"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
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"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Industrial Revolution",
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"Kazakhstan",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
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"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
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"Grand Valley State University",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
"University of Arizona",
"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"History of anthropology by country",
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"Carleton College",
"Spokane, Washington",
"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Black British people",
"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
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"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
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"Economy of China",
"List of master's degrees in North America",
"Nashville, Tennessee",
"Timișoara",
"Richmond, Virginia",
"Norway",
"History of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"David Petraeus",
"History of medicine",
"Occidental College",
"Stuyvesant High School",
"Architecture of Seattle",
"Taiwan",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Valparaiso University",
"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Islamic terrorism",
"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
"Presidency of Richard Nixon",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"History of social democracy",
"Vermont",
"Chattanooga, Tennessee",
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"The Bronx",
"History of magic",
"Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Harold Wilson",
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"Lafayette College",
"Education in Ethiopia",
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"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
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"Baltimore City College",
"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
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"David Cameron",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
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"BP",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
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"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
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"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
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"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
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"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
"Culture of Australia",
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"Barranquilla",
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"Frankston, Victoria",
"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
"St. Olaf College",
"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
"Hubert Humphrey",
"Vietnam",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
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"Jack Kemp",
"Michael Bloomberg",
"United States Air Force Academy",
"Brazil",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Herbert Hoover",
"Architecture of Finland",
"Modernism",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"Trinity Western University",
"Police brutality by country",
"Culture of Italy",
"Ireland",
"Campus of Stony Brook University",
"Kentucky",
"Cultural Revolution",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Tim Kaine",
"University of Manitoba",
"Shimer Great Books School",
"Birmingham",
"California State Polytechnic University, Pomona",
"Havana Plan Piloto",
"Duluth, Minnesota",
"Wichita, Kansas",
"Argentina",
"History of slavery",
"William Howard Taft",
"Hamas",
"Iraq War",
"1972 in the Vietnam War",
"Kettering University",
"History of California (1900–present)",
"Mao Zedong",
"Troy H. Middleton",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"George Soros",
"Berlin",
"Executive compensation in the United States",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Jerusalem",
"Great Depression",
"Well-being contributing factors",
"Loyola University New Orleans",
"University of Freiburg",
"Democratic Party (United States)",
"Thomas Jefferson",
"Indianapolis Museum of Art",
"Mexico City",
"Chris Christie",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement",
"Indiana",
"India–United States relations",
"British African-Caribbean people",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"German Americans",
"College admissions in the United States",
"History of radar",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
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"John Ruskin",
"Napoleon III",
"Binghamton University",
"Lyndon LaRouche",
"Oklahoma",
"Nothing Records",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Beijing",
"Portland, Oregon",
"Transcendental Meditation movement",
"Ronald Reagan",
"Estonia",
"History of libraries",
"Noam Chomsky",
"Chile",
"Kamala Harris",
"Traditions and student activities at MIT",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Nigeria",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Imperial College London",
"Protestantism",
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"History of North American fraternities and sororities",
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"Ku Klux Klan",
"American literature",
"Peking University",
"Muhammad Ali",
"Sweden",
"Huntington, West Virginia",
"Bill Cosby sexual assault cases",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"La Trobe University",
"Al Gore",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
"Steve Bannon",
"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Carolina",
"W. E. B. Du Bois",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Higher education in Portugal",
"Sandinista National Liberation Front",
"Washington, D.C.",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
"Tucker Carlson",
"Switzerland",
"Simon Fraser University",
"United States Agency for International Development",
"Military history of Canada",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"Kerala",
"Drexel University",
"Egypt",
"September 11 attacks",
"Ethiopia",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"College and university rankings",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
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"History of the United States Space Force",
"BBC Television Shakespeare",
"Edward Snowden",
"Roe v. Wade",
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"Educational technology",
"Julius Nyerere",
"Sacramento, California",
"San Francisco Bay Area",
"Homelessness",
"Bob Jones University",
"Social media",
"Winston Churchill",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
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"History of Virginia",
"Harold Hecht",
"Brooklyn",
"Alabama",
"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
"Universities in the United Kingdom",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
"Kenya",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Scott Pruitt",
"Soap Box Derby",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Venezuela",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Ohio",
"History of Oregon State Beavers football",
"Franz Boas",
"Bishop's College School",
"Victoria and Albert Museum",
"Criticism of Facebook",
"Harvard–Yale football rivalry",
"Brian Mulroney",
"Montana",
"Nancy Pelosi",
"Nanjing",
"Beyoncé",
"Milan",
"São Paulo",
"Desmond Tutu",
"History of Porto Alegre",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Lesbian",
"Economics",
"Mike Gravel",
"History of Jamaica",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
"Black Canadians",
"Pope Pius XII",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Chicago Pile-1",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Montevideo",
"David Lloyd George",
"WikiLeaks",
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"Mihai Olos",
"Charles Rangel",
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"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Che Guevara",
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"Kent, Ohio",
"HBO",
"Abraham Lincoln",
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"Edmonton",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
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"École normale supérieure (Paris)",
"Main campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"Knoxville, Tennessee",
"George Orwell",
"Thammasat University",
"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"University of Amsterdam",
"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
"Presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Nazism",
"Historikerstreit",
"Brian Wilson",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
"Louisiana",
"Russia",
"Australian National University",
"Anti-Americanism",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
"Harold Macmillan",
"Wye College",
"Wales",
"Ted Cruz",
"South African Border War",
"Abbott government",
"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
57284d484b864d1900164904 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "After the 1940s, the Gothic style on campus began to give way to modern styles. In 1955, Eero Saarinen was contracted to develop a second master plan, which led to the construction of buildings both north and south of the Midway, including the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle (a complex designed by Saarinen); a series of arts buildings; a building designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe for the university's School of Social Service Administration;, a building which is to become the home of the Harris School of Public Policy Studies by Edward Durrell Stone, and the Regenstein Library, the largest building on campus, a brutalist structure designed by Walter Netsch of the Chicago firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. Another master plan, designed in 1999 and updated in 2004, produced the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center (2003), the Max Palevsky Residential Commons (2001), South Campus Residence Hall and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital, and other construction, expansions, and restorations. In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, which provides a grand reading room for the university library and prevents the need for an off-campus book depository.",
"hi": "1940 के दशक के बाद, परिसर में गोथिक शैली ने आधुनिक शैलियों को अपनाना शुरू कर दिया। 1955 में,ईरो सारीनेन को एक दूसरा मास्टर प्लान विकसित करने के लिए अनुबंधित किया गया था, जिसके कारण मिडवे के उत्तर और दक्षिण दोनों भवनों का निर्माण हुआ, जिसमें द लेयर्ड बेल लॉ प्रांगण (सारीनेन द्वारा डिज़ाइन किया गया एक कॉम्प्लेक्स) शामिल है; कला भवनों की एक श्रृंखला; यूनिवर्सिटी के के लिए लुडविग माइस वैन डेर रोहे द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत स्कूल ऑफ सोशल सर्विस एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन; और एडवर्ड ड्यूरेल स्टोन द्वारा डिजाइन की गई एक इमारत हैरिस स्कूल ऑफ पब्लिक पॉलिसी स्टडीज और कैंपस की सबसे बड़ी इमारत रेजेनस्टाइन लाइब्रेरी का घर बन गई है। शिकागो फर्म स्किडमोर, वालिंग्स और मेरिल के वाल्टर नेट्च द्वारा एक ब्रूटलिस्ट संरचना डिजाइन की गई। 1999 में एक और मास्टर प्लान डिजाइन किया गया था और 2004 में अपडेट किया गया था, गेराल्ड रैटनर एथलेटिक्स सेंटर (2003), मैक्स पैलेव्स्की रेजीडेंशियल्स कॉमन्स (2001), साउथ कैंपस रेजिडेंस हॉल और डाइनिंग कॉमन (2009), बच्चों का एक नया अस्पताल, और अन्य निर्माण, विस्तार और पुरानी इमारतों की मरम्मत की गयी। 2011 में, विश्वविद्यालय ने रिका मनसुइटो लाइब्रेरी को कांच से गुंबद के आकार वाला बनाया, जो विश्वविद्यालय के पुस्तकालय के लिए एक भव्य वाचनालय प्रदान करता है और एक ऑफ-कैंपस के लिए किताब के संग्रहण की आवश्यकता को रोकता है।"
} | {
"en": "When was the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center constructed?",
"hi": "गेराल्ड रैटनर एथलेटिक्स सेंटर का निर्माण कब किया गया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"2003"
],
"hi": [
"2003"
]
} | {
"en": [
813,
813
],
"hi": [
825
]
} | [
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"Julius Nyerere",
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"Social media",
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"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
"Kenya",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
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"Chinese Filipino",
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"History of Porto Alegre",
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"Lesbian",
"Economics",
"Mike Gravel",
"History of Jamaica",
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"Pope Pius XII",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Chicago Pile-1",
"Wartime sexual violence",
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"David Lloyd George",
"WikiLeaks",
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"Mihai Olos",
"Charles Rangel",
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"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Che Guevara",
"Denmark",
"Kent, Ohio",
"HBO",
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"Edmonton",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Madrasa",
"École normale supérieure (Paris)",
"Main campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"Knoxville, Tennessee",
"George Orwell",
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"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"University of Amsterdam",
"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
"Presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Nazism",
"Historikerstreit",
"Brian Wilson",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
"Louisiana",
"Russia",
"Australian National University",
"Anti-Americanism",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
"Harold Macmillan",
"Wye College",
"Wales",
"Ted Cruz",
"South African Border War",
"Abbott government",
"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
572855973acd2414000df925 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus. Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools. The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress. The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.",
"hi": "विश्वविद्यालय अपने स्नातक और स्नातकोत्तर स्कूलों के अलावा कई शैक्षणिक संस्थान और कार्यक्रम चलाता है। यह विश्वविद्यालय के शिकागो लेबोरेटरी स्कूल के तहत (कक्षा 12 के छात्रों के लिए एक निजी स्कूल और डेकेयर) संचालित करता है, सोनिया शंक्मैन ओर्थोजेनिक स्कूल (व्यवहार और भावनात्मक समस्याओं से ग्रस्त लोगों के लिए एक आवासीय उपचार कार्यक्रम), और विश्वविद्यालय के शहरी शिक्षा संस्थान द्वारा शिकागो के दक्षिण की ओर चार पब्लिक चार्टर स्कूलसंचालित किए जाते हैं। इसके अलावा, हाइड पार्क डे स्कूल, सीखने की अक्षमता वाले छात्रों के लिए एक स्कूल, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में स्थिति हैं। 1983 के बाद से, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय ने शहरी प्राथमिक और माध्यमिक विद्यालयों में शिकागो स्कूल गणित परियोजना, नामक एक गणित कार्यक्रम शुरू किया है। विश्वविद्यालय सामाजिक विज्ञान और मानविकी में उन्नत अध्ययन पर कौंसिल नामक एक कार्यक्रम चलाता है, जो स्नातक छात्रों, संकायों और विद्वानों के लिए एक मंच प्रदान करने के लिए अंतःविषय कार्यशालाओं को संचालित करता है, ताकि विद्वानों को प्रगति के कार्य में पेश किया जा सके। विश्वविद्यालय, शिकागो प्रेस विश्वविद्यालय का संचालन भी करता है, जो संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका का सबसे बड़ा विश्वविद्यालय प्रेस है।"
} | {
"en": "What is the name of the private day school for K-12 students the university runs?",
"hi": "कक्षा 12 के छात्रों के लिए विश्वविद्यालय द्वारा संचालित प्राइवेट डे स्कूल का नाम क्या है?"
} | {
"en": [
"University of Chicago Laboratory Schools"
],
"hi": [
"विश्वविद्यालय के शिकागो लेबोरेटरी स्कूल"
]
} | {
"en": [
138,
138,
138
],
"hi": [
104
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
"History and Society.Education"
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"Vanderbilt University",
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"University of California, Berkeley",
"Arizona State University",
"University of California, Los Angeles",
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"Italian Americans",
"McGill University",
"University of Wisconsin–Madison",
"University of Toronto",
"University of Miami",
"History of women in the United States",
"King's College London",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
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"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill",
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"Portugal",
"Education in the United States",
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"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
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"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Rafael Viñoly",
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"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
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"History of France",
"University of Ottawa",
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"Joseph A. Panuska",
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"Cultural impact of Madonna",
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"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
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"History of opera",
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"History of the Philippines",
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"China",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
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"John McCain",
"History of Scotland",
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"Salt Lake City",
"College of the Holy Cross",
"Women in government",
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"Economy of the United States",
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"List of General Hospital characters",
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"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
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"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
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"Baby boomers",
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"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
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"Cesar Chavez",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
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"Columbus, Ohio",
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"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
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"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Robert McNamara",
"Catholic University of America",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World War II by country",
"Jewish culture",
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"Sonia Sotomayor",
"Reading",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
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"2003 invasion of Iraq",
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"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Boston",
"Special Relationship",
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"Ralph Northam",
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"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
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"Saint Anselm College",
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"Alfred Waterhouse",
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"Political positions of Susan Collins",
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"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
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"United Kingdom",
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"Mobile, Alabama",
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"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
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"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
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"Supreme Court of the United States",
"Janet Yellen",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
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"New York (state)",
"Florida Atlantic University",
"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
"Sociology",
"History of chemistry",
"South African labour law",
"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
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"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
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"Hawaii",
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"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
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"List of NCIS characters",
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"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Islamic terrorism",
"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
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"Trump administration family separation policy",
"History of social democracy",
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"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
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"Daniel H. Overmyer",
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"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
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"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
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"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
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"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
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"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
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"Barranquilla",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
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"Cincinnati",
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"Hannah Arendt",
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"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
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"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
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"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
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"Al Gore",
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"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump",
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"W. E. B. Du Bois",
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"Jomo Kenyatta",
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"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
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"Social media",
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"Origins of the American Civil War",
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"History of Virginia",
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"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
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"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
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"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
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"Chinese Filipino",
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"History of Porto Alegre",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
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"Economics",
"Mike Gravel",
"History of Jamaica",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
"Black Canadians",
"Pope Pius XII",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Chicago Pile-1",
"Wartime sexual violence",
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"David Lloyd George",
"WikiLeaks",
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"Mihai Olos",
"Charles Rangel",
"Kansas City, Missouri",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Che Guevara",
"Denmark",
"Kent, Ohio",
"HBO",
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"Edmonton",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Madrasa",
"École normale supérieure (Paris)",
"Main campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"Knoxville, Tennessee",
"George Orwell",
"Thammasat University",
"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"University of Amsterdam",
"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
"Presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Nazism",
"Historikerstreit",
"Brian Wilson",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
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"Russia",
"Australian National University",
"Anti-Americanism",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
"Harold Macmillan",
"Wye College",
"Wales",
"Ted Cruz",
"South African Border War",
"Abbott government",
"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
572855973acd2414000df926 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus. Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools. The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress. The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.",
"hi": "विश्वविद्यालय अपने स्नातक और स्नातकोत्तर स्कूलों के अलावा कई शैक्षणिक संस्थान और कार्यक्रम चलाता है। यह विश्वविद्यालय के शिकागो लेबोरेटरी स्कूल के तहत (कक्षा 12 के छात्रों के लिए एक निजी स्कूल और डेकेयर) संचालित करता है, सोनिया शंक्मैन ओर्थोजेनिक स्कूल (व्यवहार और भावनात्मक समस्याओं से ग्रस्त लोगों के लिए एक आवासीय उपचार कार्यक्रम), और विश्वविद्यालय के शहरी शिक्षा संस्थान द्वारा शिकागो के दक्षिण की ओर चार पब्लिक चार्टर स्कूलसंचालित किए जाते हैं। इसके अलावा, हाइड पार्क डे स्कूल, सीखने की अक्षमता वाले छात्रों के लिए एक स्कूल, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में स्थिति हैं। 1983 के बाद से, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय ने शहरी प्राथमिक और माध्यमिक विद्यालयों में शिकागो स्कूल गणित परियोजना, नामक एक गणित कार्यक्रम शुरू किया है। विश्वविद्यालय सामाजिक विज्ञान और मानविकी में उन्नत अध्ययन पर कौंसिल नामक एक कार्यक्रम चलाता है, जो स्नातक छात्रों, संकायों और विद्वानों के लिए एक मंच प्रदान करने के लिए अंतःविषय कार्यशालाओं को संचालित करता है, ताकि विद्वानों को प्रगति के कार्य में पेश किया जा सके। विश्वविद्यालय, शिकागो प्रेस विश्वविद्यालय का संचालन भी करता है, जो संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका का सबसे बड़ा विश्वविद्यालय प्रेस है।"
} | {
"en": "What is the name of the residential treatment program the university runs?",
"hi": "विश्वविद्यालय द्वारा संचालित आवासीय उपचार कार्यक्रम का नाम क्या है?"
} | {
"en": [
"the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School"
],
"hi": [
"सोनिया शंक्मैन ओर्थोजेनिक स्कूल"
]
} | {
"en": [
234,
238,
234
],
"hi": [
221
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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"University of Toronto",
"University of Miami",
"History of women in the United States",
"King's College London",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
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"California Institute of Technology",
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"History of Australia",
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"Florida International University",
"Chicago",
"University of Chicago Law School",
"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute",
"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign",
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"Institutional racism",
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"University of Scranton buildings and landmarks",
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"University of Florida",
"Indiana University Bloomington",
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"London School of Economics",
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"Stony Brook University",
"Durham University",
"Alpha Phi Alpha",
"History of Northwestern University",
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"Civil rights movement",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
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"Development communication",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
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"Economic history of the United States",
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"Education in China",
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
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"History of Germany",
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"University of Waterloo",
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"History of education in the United States",
"History of Western civilization",
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"University of California, Irvine",
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"Manhattan Project",
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"History of Detroit",
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"College of William & Mary",
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"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1965–present)",
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"History of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
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"History of the United States",
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"Neoliberalism",
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"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
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"Hillary Clinton",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Rafael Viñoly",
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"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
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"History of France",
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"Steele dossier",
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"History of Poles in the United States",
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"Joseph A. Panuska",
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"Glossary of baseball terms",
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"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"George W. Bush",
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"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election",
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"Political positions of Mitt Romney",
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"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
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"United Kingdom–United States relations",
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"History of Cornell University",
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"Presidency of Joe Biden",
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"List of modern great powers",
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"Hobart and William Smith Colleges",
"Delta Sigma Theta",
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"List of films considered the worst",
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"Flint water crisis",
"John Maynard Keynes",
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"African-American history",
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"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
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"United States Naval Academy",
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"University of Texas at San Antonio",
"Early history of American football",
"History of Paris",
"Robert F. Kennedy",
"Woodrow Wilson",
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"Christian culture",
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"New Orleans",
"History of the nude in art",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
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"Education in Haiti",
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"Bernie Sanders",
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"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
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"University of Minnesota",
"Atlanta",
"Silliman University",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"History of the Jews in the United States",
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"Glenn Youngkin",
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"Enoch Powell",
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"History of United States foreign policy",
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"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
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"Salt Lake City",
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"Economy of the United States",
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"List of General Hospital characters",
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020",
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"Persecution of Christians",
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"United Kingdom labour law",
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"Baby boomers",
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"Special Relationship",
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"Nothing Records",
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"San Francisco Bay Area",
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] |
572855973acd2414000df927 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus. Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools. The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress. The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.",
"hi": "विश्वविद्यालय अपने स्नातक और स्नातकोत्तर स्कूलों के अलावा कई शैक्षणिक संस्थान और कार्यक्रम चलाता है। यह विश्वविद्यालय के शिकागो लेबोरेटरी स्कूल के तहत (कक्षा 12 के छात्रों के लिए एक निजी स्कूल और डेकेयर) संचालित करता है, सोनिया शंक्मैन ओर्थोजेनिक स्कूल (व्यवहार और भावनात्मक समस्याओं से ग्रस्त लोगों के लिए एक आवासीय उपचार कार्यक्रम), और विश्वविद्यालय के शहरी शिक्षा संस्थान द्वारा शिकागो के दक्षिण की ओर चार पब्लिक चार्टर स्कूलसंचालित किए जाते हैं। इसके अलावा, हाइड पार्क डे स्कूल, सीखने की अक्षमता वाले छात्रों के लिए एक स्कूल, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में स्थिति हैं। 1983 के बाद से, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय ने शहरी प्राथमिक और माध्यमिक विद्यालयों में शिकागो स्कूल गणित परियोजना, नामक एक गणित कार्यक्रम शुरू किया है। विश्वविद्यालय सामाजिक विज्ञान और मानविकी में उन्नत अध्ययन पर कौंसिल नामक एक कार्यक्रम चलाता है, जो स्नातक छात्रों, संकायों और विद्वानों के लिए एक मंच प्रदान करने के लिए अंतःविषय कार्यशालाओं को संचालित करता है, ताकि विद्वानों को प्रगति के कार्य में पेश किया जा सके। विश्वविद्यालय, शिकागो प्रेस विश्वविद्यालय का संचालन भी करता है, जो संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका का सबसे बड़ा विश्वविद्यालय प्रेस है।"
} | {
"en": "How many public charter schools does the university run?",
"hi": "विश्वविद्यालय कितने पब्लिक चार्टर स्कूल चलाता है?"
} | {
"en": [
"four"
],
"hi": [
"चार"
]
} | {
"en": [
359,
359,
359
],
"hi": [
405
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
"History and Society.Education"
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] | [
"University of Chicago",
"University of Pennsylvania",
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"Yale University",
"University of Michigan",
"Cornell University",
"Columbia University",
"Brown University",
"Northwestern University",
"New York University",
"Georgetown University",
"Princeton University",
"Florida State University",
"Syracuse University",
"Dartmouth College fraternities and sororities",
"Michigan State University",
"Boston University",
"Duke University",
"Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
"Central Philippine University",
"University of Virginia",
"Rutgers University",
"Vanderbilt University",
"Washington University in St. Louis",
"Wake Forest University",
"University of California, Berkeley",
"Arizona State University",
"University of California, Los Angeles",
"Carnegie Mellon University",
"University of British Columbia",
"California Lutheran University",
"George Washington University",
"Italian Americans",
"McGill University",
"University of Wisconsin–Madison",
"University of Toronto",
"University of Miami",
"History of women in the United States",
"King's College London",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"University of California, San Diego",
"California Institute of Technology",
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"History of Australia",
"University of Pittsburgh",
"University of Texas at Dallas",
"Fordham University",
"History of the University of Chicago",
"Tufts University",
"Women in science",
"University of Delaware",
"University of California, Davis",
"Millennials",
"Collegiate secret societies in North America",
"Stanford University",
"Dartmouth College",
"University of Cambridge",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
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"Carleton University",
"Florida International University",
"Chicago",
"University of Chicago Law School",
"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute",
"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign",
"Purdue University",
"University of Oxford",
"Institutional racism",
"Emory University",
"University of Scranton buildings and landmarks",
"Washington State University",
"University of Florida",
"Indiana University Bloomington",
"University of South Florida",
"University of Rochester",
"Georgia Tech",
"McMaster University",
"London School of Economics",
"University of Alberta",
"Miami University",
"Stony Brook University",
"Durham University",
"Alpha Phi Alpha",
"History of Northwestern University",
"University of Oregon",
"Civil rights movement",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"University of Birmingham",
"Development communication",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"University at Albany, SUNY",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Colorado State University",
"Education in China",
"Johns Hopkins University",
"Bates College",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Bowling Green State University",
"History of Germany",
"University of Notre Dame",
"Ohio State University",
"University of California, Santa Cruz",
"University of Waterloo",
"West Virginia University",
"History of education in the United States",
"History of Western civilization",
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"University of Edinburgh",
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"Vilnius",
"Utah State University",
"University of California, Irvine",
"Rice University",
"University College London",
"Manhattan Project",
"Camden, New Jersey",
"History of Detroit",
"Iowa State University",
"College of William & Mary",
"University of St Andrews",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"History of Missouri",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1965–present)",
"University of Colorado Boulder",
"Liberty University",
"New York Institute of Technology",
"Logology (science)",
"History of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"University of Mississippi",
"Italy",
"University of Alabama",
"Pittsburgh",
"Queen's University at Kingston",
"History of the United States",
"University of Washington",
"Washington & Jefferson College",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"New Deal",
"University of Nebraska–Lincoln",
"University of Sheffield",
"Mercer University",
"Louisiana Tech University",
"University of Maryland, Baltimore County",
"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Texas A&M University",
"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign",
"New Mexico",
"Medical school",
"History of socialism",
"Neoliberalism",
"Foreign relations of India",
"University of California",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Friedrich Hayek",
"Barack Obama",
"Lindenwood University",
"Donald Trump",
"University of Santo Tomas",
"Brigham Young University",
"Portugal",
"Education in the United States",
"Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
"Iloilo City",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action",
"Ivy League",
"Brandeis University",
"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
"Heidelberg University",
"University of North Alabama",
"Women in music",
"Greece",
"John F. Kennedy",
"Hillary Clinton",
"North Carolina A&T State University",
"Wesleyan University",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"Williams College",
"Bill Clinton",
"Trinity College Dublin",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"University of Houston",
"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
"Virginia Tech",
"History of Guatemala",
"History of France",
"University of Ottawa",
"Steele dossier",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Joseph A. Panuska",
"Indianapolis",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
"University of Utah",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Loyola Marymount University",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Hispanic and Latino Americans",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"Detroit",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"Montana State University",
"University of Oklahoma",
"City College of New York",
"Washington and Lee University",
"University at Buffalo",
"United Russia",
"History of the United States government",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Clemson University",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Talcott Parsons",
"Israel",
"National University of San Marcos",
"Reed College",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Latin America",
"History of opera",
"History of the socialist movement in the United States",
"Virginia",
"University of Calgary",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Baltimore",
"Ohio Wesleyan University",
"Racism in the United States",
"Tartan",
"American Jews",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Culture of England",
"Illinois Institute of Technology",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"George W. Bush",
"University of Western Ontario",
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"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election",
"China–United States relations",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"List of University of Minnesota fraternities and sororities",
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"England",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Progressive Era",
"History of science",
"Dartmouth College student groups",
"Austin, Texas",
"Political positions of Mitt Romney",
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"Case Western Reserve University",
"United States Military Academy",
"Philadelphia",
"Marist College",
"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
"University of Maryland, College Park",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Mitt Romney",
"History of Austria",
"Jimmy Carter",
"History of Cornell University",
"University of California, Riverside",
"Pomona College",
"Presidency of Joe Biden",
"Tsinghua University",
"Southern Illinois University Edwardsville",
"Boris Johnson",
"American frontier",
"Education in India",
"Pennsylvania State University",
"New York City",
"Havana",
"Rollins College",
"List of modern great powers",
"Ted Kennedy",
"Women in Islam",
"Hobart and William Smith Colleges",
"Delta Sigma Theta",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"Iran–United States relations",
"California State University, Los Angeles",
"African Americans",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Rochester Institute of Technology",
"Pakistan",
"University of Manchester",
"Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Higher education in the United States",
"Harry S. Truman",
"Marquette University",
"Socialism",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Reconstruction era",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Newark, New Jersey",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Bachelor's degree",
"Tulsa, Oklahoma",
"List of films considered the worst",
"Puerto Rico",
"Ohio University",
"Flint water crisis",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Mitch Daniels",
"Lithuania",
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"United States labor law",
"Psychology",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Catholic Church sexual abuse cases",
"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
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"United States Naval Academy",
"North Carolina State University",
"University of Texas at San Antonio",
"Early history of American football",
"History of Paris",
"Robert F. Kennedy",
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"Christian culture",
"Houston",
"New Orleans",
"History of the nude in art",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
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"Education in Haiti",
"Massachusetts",
"Bernie Sanders",
"Kent State University",
"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"San Francisco State University",
"University of Minnesota",
"Atlanta",
"Silliman University",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"History of the Jews in the United States",
"University of Essex",
"Vladimir Putin",
"Mexico",
"SAT",
"University of Dayton",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Confucius Institutes",
"Dalhousie University",
"University of Victoria",
"Eastern Nazarene College",
"Project Y",
"John von Neumann",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"University of Sussex",
"Presidency of Barack Obama",
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"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"History of Beijing",
"University of Wisconsin–La Crosse",
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"Dallas",
"Enoch Powell",
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"London",
"Oberlin College",
"Light in painting",
"San Francisco",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"Moscow",
"Education in South Korea",
"Facebook",
"Miscegenation",
"New Haven, Connecticut",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)",
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"University of California, Santa Barbara",
"Iran",
"Texas Longhorns men's basketball",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"Trinity College, Toronto",
"Enrico Fermi",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"History of the Philippines",
"Louhelen Baháʼí School",
"Richard Nixon",
"Fraternities and sororities",
"China",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Walmart",
"Calgary",
"Toronto Metropolitan University",
"Phi Delta Theta",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"John McCain",
"History of Scotland",
"Jacksonville, Florida",
"University of Vermont",
"Salt Lake City",
"College of the Holy Cross",
"Women in government",
"Cleveland",
"Economy of the United States",
"Portland State University",
"France",
"List of General Hospital characters",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"University of Leeds",
"University of Melbourne",
"Swarthmore College",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"French Resistance",
"Trumpism",
"National Collegiate Athletic Association",
"University of North Texas",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Robert Byrd",
"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Fake news",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
"Irish Americans",
"Apartheid",
"Temple University",
"University of Massachusetts Amherst",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Labor history of the United States",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Culture of the United States",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Xi Jinping",
"Bangladesh",
"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
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"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
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"New Jersey",
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"Political positions of John McCain",
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"Clarence Thomas",
"American imperialism",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
"Stetson University",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"Metropolitan Museum of Art",
"Moldova",
"Cesar Chavez",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
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"Jesse Helms",
"Political positions of Donald Trump",
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"Leon Trotsky",
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"Nuclear program of Iran",
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"Chicago school of economics",
"Manhattan",
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"Columbus, Ohio",
"Antioch College",
"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
"University of Connecticut",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Robert McNamara",
"Catholic University of America",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World War II by country",
"Jewish culture",
"Archibald Cox",
"Sonia Sotomayor",
"Reading",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
"Vietnam War",
"Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove",
"DePaul University",
"Doctor of Philosophy",
"Black Lives Matter",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Boston",
"Special Relationship",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"University of Warwick",
"Ralph Northam",
"Dominican Republic",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"George McGovern",
"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Jesse Jackson",
"East Carolina University",
"History of Poland",
"Burbank, California",
"Saint Anselm College",
"Goldman Sachs",
"Alfred Waterhouse",
"Tulane University",
"Political positions of Susan Collins",
"Southern Methodist University",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
"Terry Sanford",
"United Kingdom",
"Southern Illinois University Carbondale",
"Mobile, Alabama",
"Scotland",
"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
"Virginia Commonwealth University",
"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
"Goucher College",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
"Janet Yellen",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"University of Arkansas",
"New York (state)",
"Florida Atlantic University",
"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
"Sociology",
"History of chemistry",
"South African labour law",
"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
"University of East Anglia",
"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
"Salisbury University",
"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms",
"Fox News",
"Ball State University",
"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
"University of Glasgow",
"Gerald Ford",
"Georgia State University",
"Sierra Leone",
"Union College",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
"Briarcliff Manor, New York",
"Old Dominion University",
"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
"Midwestern United States",
"Norwich",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Harvard University",
"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
"Omaha, Nebraska",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Memphis, Tennessee",
"Kazakhstan",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
"St. Louis",
"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
"Texas State University",
"Grand Valley State University",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
"University of Arizona",
"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"History of anthropology by country",
"University of Exeter",
"Carleton College",
"Spokane, Washington",
"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Black British people",
"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"American Enterprise Institute",
"Nelson Mandela",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
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"2000s",
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"List of NCIS characters",
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"History of American newspapers",
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"Trump administration family separation policy",
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"Saudi Arabia",
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"History of magic",
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"WGN-TV",
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"Daniel H. Overmyer",
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"Hungary",
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"BP",
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"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
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"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Jean Chrétien",
"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
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"Barranquilla",
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"Cincinnati",
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"Hannah Arendt",
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"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
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"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
"Hubert Humphrey",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
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"Michael Bloomberg",
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"Herbert Hoover",
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"Modernism",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
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"Police brutality by country",
"Culture of Italy",
"Ireland",
"Campus of Stony Brook University",
"Kentucky",
"Cultural Revolution",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
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"Che Guevara",
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"George Orwell",
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"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"University of Amsterdam",
"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
"Presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Nazism",
"Historikerstreit",
"Brian Wilson",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
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"Russia",
"Australian National University",
"Anti-Americanism",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
"Harold Macmillan",
"Wye College",
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"Abbott government",
"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
572855973acd2414000df928 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus. Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools. The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress. The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.",
"hi": "विश्वविद्यालय अपने स्नातक और स्नातकोत्तर स्कूलों के अलावा कई शैक्षणिक संस्थान और कार्यक्रम चलाता है। यह विश्वविद्यालय के शिकागो लेबोरेटरी स्कूल के तहत (कक्षा 12 के छात्रों के लिए एक निजी स्कूल और डेकेयर) संचालित करता है, सोनिया शंक्मैन ओर्थोजेनिक स्कूल (व्यवहार और भावनात्मक समस्याओं से ग्रस्त लोगों के लिए एक आवासीय उपचार कार्यक्रम), और विश्वविद्यालय के शहरी शिक्षा संस्थान द्वारा शिकागो के दक्षिण की ओर चार पब्लिक चार्टर स्कूलसंचालित किए जाते हैं। इसके अलावा, हाइड पार्क डे स्कूल, सीखने की अक्षमता वाले छात्रों के लिए एक स्कूल, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में स्थिति हैं। 1983 के बाद से, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय ने शहरी प्राथमिक और माध्यमिक विद्यालयों में शिकागो स्कूल गणित परियोजना, नामक एक गणित कार्यक्रम शुरू किया है। विश्वविद्यालय सामाजिक विज्ञान और मानविकी में उन्नत अध्ययन पर कौंसिल नामक एक कार्यक्रम चलाता है, जो स्नातक छात्रों, संकायों और विद्वानों के लिए एक मंच प्रदान करने के लिए अंतःविषय कार्यशालाओं को संचालित करता है, ताकि विद्वानों को प्रगति के कार्य में पेश किया जा सके। विश्वविद्यालय, शिकागो प्रेस विश्वविद्यालय का संचालन भी करता है, जो संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका का सबसे बड़ा विश्वविद्यालय प्रेस है।"
} | {
"en": "What does the Urban Education Institute help run?",
"hi": "शहरी शिक्षा संस्थान चलाने में क्या मदद करता है?"
} | {
"en": [
"four public charter schools"
],
"hi": [
"चार पब्लिक चार्टर स्कूल"
]
} | {
"en": [
359,
359,
364
],
"hi": [
405
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
"History and Society.Education"
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"University of California, Los Angeles",
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"California Lutheran University",
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"McGill University",
"University of Wisconsin–Madison",
"University of Toronto",
"University of Miami",
"History of women in the United States",
"King's College London",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"University of California, San Diego",
"California Institute of Technology",
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"History of Australia",
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"History of the University of Chicago",
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"Ferdinand Marcos",
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"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1965–present)",
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"University of Alabama",
"Pittsburgh",
"Queen's University at Kingston",
"History of the United States",
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"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Rafael Viñoly",
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"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
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"History of France",
"University of Ottawa",
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"Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter",
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"Socialism",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
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"Racial views of Donald Trump",
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"Baby boomers",
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"George H. W. Bush",
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"History of Nigeria",
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"Special Relationship",
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"Alfred Waterhouse",
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"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
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"United Kingdom",
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"Paris",
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"Upper Canada College",
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"Characters of Casualty",
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"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
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"Supreme Court of the United States",
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"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
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"History of chemistry",
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"Tampa, Florida",
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"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
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"Othram",
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"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
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"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
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"List of Mad Men characters",
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"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
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"2000s",
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"List of NCIS characters",
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"Bob Dylan",
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"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
572855973acd2414000df929 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "The university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (a private day school for K-12 students and day care), the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School (a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems), and four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities, maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus. Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project, a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools. The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress. The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.",
"hi": "विश्वविद्यालय अपने स्नातक और स्नातकोत्तर स्कूलों के अलावा कई शैक्षणिक संस्थान और कार्यक्रम चलाता है। यह विश्वविद्यालय के शिकागो लेबोरेटरी स्कूल के तहत (कक्षा 12 के छात्रों के लिए एक निजी स्कूल और डेकेयर) संचालित करता है, सोनिया शंक्मैन ओर्थोजेनिक स्कूल (व्यवहार और भावनात्मक समस्याओं से ग्रस्त लोगों के लिए एक आवासीय उपचार कार्यक्रम), और विश्वविद्यालय के शहरी शिक्षा संस्थान द्वारा शिकागो के दक्षिण की ओर चार पब्लिक चार्टर स्कूलसंचालित किए जाते हैं। इसके अलावा, हाइड पार्क डे स्कूल, सीखने की अक्षमता वाले छात्रों के लिए एक स्कूल, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में स्थिति हैं। 1983 के बाद से, शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय ने शहरी प्राथमिक और माध्यमिक विद्यालयों में शिकागो स्कूल गणित परियोजना, नामक एक गणित कार्यक्रम शुरू किया है। विश्वविद्यालय सामाजिक विज्ञान और मानविकी में उन्नत अध्ययन पर कौंसिल नामक एक कार्यक्रम चलाता है, जो स्नातक छात्रों, संकायों और विद्वानों के लिए एक मंच प्रदान करने के लिए अंतःविषय कार्यशालाओं को संचालित करता है, ताकि विद्वानों को प्रगति के कार्य में पेश किया जा सके। विश्वविद्यालय, शिकागो प्रेस विश्वविद्यालय का संचालन भी करता है, जो संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका का सबसे बड़ा विश्वविद्यालय प्रेस है।"
} | {
"en": "Where is the Hyde Park Day School located?",
"hi": "हाइड पार्क डे स्कूल कहाँ स्थित है?"
} | {
"en": [
"the University of Chicago campus"
],
"hi": [
"शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के परिसर में"
]
} | {
"en": [
589,
593,
589
],
"hi": [
531
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
"History and Society.Education"
] | 30_population_town_language | [
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] |
57286951ff5b5019007da20e | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O. McKinsey, Arley D. Cathey, Bloomberg L.P. CEO Daniel Doctoroff, Credit Suisse CEO Brady Dougan, Morningstar, Inc. founder and CEO Joe Mansueto, Chicago Cubs owner and chairman Thomas S. Ricketts, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver.",
"hi": "व्यापार में, उल्लेखनीय पूर्व छात्रों में माइक्रोसॉफ्ट के सीईओ सत्या नडेला, ओरेकल कॉर्पोरेशन के संस्थापक और अमेरिका के तीसरे सबसे अमीर आदमी लैरी एलिसन, गोल्डमैन सैक्स और एमएफ ग्लोबल के सीईओ और साथ ही न्यू जर्सी के पूर्व गवर्नर जॉन कॉर्ज़िन, मैकिनसे एंड कंपनी के संस्थापक और पहली प्रबंधन लेखांकन की पाठ्यपुस्तक के लेखक जेम्स ओ. मैकिंसे, एर्ली डी. कैथे, ब्लूमबर्ग एलपी के सीईओ डैनियल डॉक्टरऑफ़, क्रेडिट सुइस के सीईओ ब्रैडी डॉगन, मॉर्निंगस्टार, इंक के संस्थापक और सीईओ जो मैनसिटो, शिकागो कब्स के मालिक और अध्यक्ष थॉमस एस. रिकेट्स और एनबीए कमिश्नर एडम सिल्वर इत्यादि शामिल हैं ।"
} | {
"en": "What Microsoft CEO is also an alumni of the University of Chicago?",
"hi": "क्या माइक्रोसॉफ्ट के सीईओ शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के पूर्व छात्र भी हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"Satya Nadella"
],
"hi": [
"सत्या नडेला"
]
} | {
"en": [
50,
50,
50
],
"hi": [
62
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
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"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
"Midwestern United States",
"Norwich",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Harvard University",
"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
"Omaha, Nebraska",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Industrial Revolution",
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"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
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"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
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"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
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"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"History of anthropology by country",
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"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
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"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign",
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"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Alpha Kappa Alpha",
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"Pope John Paul II",
"Albert Einstein",
"History of Indiana",
"Economy of China",
"List of master's degrees in North America",
"Nashville, Tennessee",
"Timișoara",
"Richmond, Virginia",
"Norway",
"History of the University of California, Los Angeles",
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"History of medicine",
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"Stuyvesant High School",
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"Taiwan",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Valparaiso University",
"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Islamic terrorism",
"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
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"Trump administration family separation policy",
"History of social democracy",
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"The Bronx",
"History of magic",
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"Lafayette College",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"Toronto",
"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
"University of Virginia fraternities and sororities",
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"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
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"David Cameron",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Madrid",
"University of Notre Dame residence halls",
"History of the United States (2008–present)",
"BP",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
"Economy of India",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
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"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
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"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
"Culture of Australia",
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"Cincinnati",
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"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
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"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
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"United States involvement in regime change",
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"History of American football",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
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"Modernism",
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"Police brutality by country",
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"Ireland",
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"Cultural Revolution",
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"Wichita, Kansas",
"Argentina",
"History of slavery",
"William Howard Taft",
"Hamas",
"Iraq War",
"1972 in the Vietnam War",
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"History of California (1900–present)",
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"Troy H. Middleton",
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"Great Depression",
"Well-being contributing factors",
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"Chris Christie",
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"History of radar",
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"Nothing Records",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Beijing",
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"Transcendental Meditation movement",
"Ronald Reagan",
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"History of libraries",
"Noam Chomsky",
"Chile",
"Kamala Harris",
"Traditions and student activities at MIT",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Nigeria",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Imperial College London",
"Protestantism",
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"History of North American fraternities and sororities",
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"Ku Klux Klan",
"American literature",
"Peking University",
"Muhammad Ali",
"Sweden",
"Huntington, West Virginia",
"Bill Cosby sexual assault cases",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"La Trobe University",
"Al Gore",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
"Steve Bannon",
"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Carolina",
"W. E. B. Du Bois",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
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"Sandinista National Liberation Front",
"Washington, D.C.",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
"Tucker Carlson",
"Switzerland",
"Simon Fraser University",
"United States Agency for International Development",
"Military history of Canada",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"Kerala",
"Drexel University",
"Egypt",
"September 11 attacks",
"Ethiopia",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"College and university rankings",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
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"History of the United States Space Force",
"BBC Television Shakespeare",
"Edward Snowden",
"Roe v. Wade",
"Howard University",
"Educational technology",
"Julius Nyerere",
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"San Francisco Bay Area",
"Homelessness",
"Bob Jones University",
"Social media",
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"Origins of the American Civil War",
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"Harold Hecht",
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"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
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"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
"Presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Nazism",
"Historikerstreit",
"Brian Wilson",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
"Louisiana",
"Russia",
"Australian National University",
"Anti-Americanism",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
"Harold Macmillan",
"Wye College",
"Wales",
"Ted Cruz",
"South African Border War",
"Abbott government",
"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
57286951ff5b5019007da20f | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O. McKinsey, Arley D. Cathey, Bloomberg L.P. CEO Daniel Doctoroff, Credit Suisse CEO Brady Dougan, Morningstar, Inc. founder and CEO Joe Mansueto, Chicago Cubs owner and chairman Thomas S. Ricketts, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver.",
"hi": "व्यापार में, उल्लेखनीय पूर्व छात्रों में माइक्रोसॉफ्ट के सीईओ सत्या नडेला, ओरेकल कॉर्पोरेशन के संस्थापक और अमेरिका के तीसरे सबसे अमीर आदमी लैरी एलिसन, गोल्डमैन सैक्स और एमएफ ग्लोबल के सीईओ और साथ ही न्यू जर्सी के पूर्व गवर्नर जॉन कॉर्ज़िन, मैकिनसे एंड कंपनी के संस्थापक और पहली प्रबंधन लेखांकन की पाठ्यपुस्तक के लेखक जेम्स ओ. मैकिंसे, एर्ली डी. कैथे, ब्लूमबर्ग एलपी के सीईओ डैनियल डॉक्टरऑफ़, क्रेडिट सुइस के सीईओ ब्रैडी डॉगन, मॉर्निंगस्टार, इंक के संस्थापक और सीईओ जो मैनसिटो, शिकागो कब्स के मालिक और अध्यक्ष थॉमस एस. रिकेट्स और एनबीए कमिश्नर एडम सिल्वर इत्यादि शामिल हैं ।"
} | {
"en": "Who was the founder of the Oracle Corporation?",
"hi": "ओरेकल कॉर्पोरेशन के संस्थापक कौन थे?"
} | {
"en": [
"Larry Ellison"
],
"hi": [
"लैरी एलिसन"
]
} | {
"en": [
129,
129,
129
],
"hi": [
139
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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] | [
"University of Chicago",
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"Vanderbilt University",
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"University of California, Berkeley",
"Arizona State University",
"University of California, Los Angeles",
"Carnegie Mellon University",
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"California Lutheran University",
"George Washington University",
"Italian Americans",
"McGill University",
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"University of Toronto",
"University of Miami",
"History of women in the United States",
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"Culture of the United Kingdom",
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"Tufts University",
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"Logology (science)",
"History of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
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"University of Alabama",
"Pittsburgh",
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"History of the United States",
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"Washington & Jefferson College",
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"Native Americans in the United States",
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"Neoliberalism",
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"Portugal",
"Education in the United States",
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"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
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"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
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"History of the United Kingdom",
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"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Hispanic and Latino Americans",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"Detroit",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
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"History of the United States government",
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"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
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"National University of San Marcos",
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"Latin America",
"History of opera",
"History of the socialist movement in the United States",
"Virginia",
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"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
"University of Maryland, College Park",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
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"History of Austria",
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"American frontier",
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"New York City",
"Havana",
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"List of modern great powers",
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"Rochester Institute of Technology",
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"Socialism",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
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"List of General Hospital characters",
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"Trumpism",
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"University of North Texas",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
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"University of Massachusetts Amherst",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
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"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
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"Slavery in the United States",
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"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
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"Baby boomers",
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"American imperialism",
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"2000s",
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"List of NCIS characters",
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"Harold Macmillan",
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"Wales",
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"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
57286951ff5b5019007da210 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O. McKinsey, Arley D. Cathey, Bloomberg L.P. CEO Daniel Doctoroff, Credit Suisse CEO Brady Dougan, Morningstar, Inc. founder and CEO Joe Mansueto, Chicago Cubs owner and chairman Thomas S. Ricketts, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver.",
"hi": "व्यापार में, उल्लेखनीय पूर्व छात्रों में माइक्रोसॉफ्ट के सीईओ सत्या नडेला, ओरेकल कॉर्पोरेशन के संस्थापक और अमेरिका के तीसरे सबसे अमीर आदमी लैरी एलिसन, गोल्डमैन सैक्स और एमएफ ग्लोबल के सीईओ और साथ ही न्यू जर्सी के पूर्व गवर्नर जॉन कॉर्ज़िन, मैकिनसे एंड कंपनी के संस्थापक और पहली प्रबंधन लेखांकन की पाठ्यपुस्तक के लेखक जेम्स ओ. मैकिंसे, एर्ली डी. कैथे, ब्लूमबर्ग एलपी के सीईओ डैनियल डॉक्टरऑफ़, क्रेडिट सुइस के सीईओ ब्रैडी डॉगन, मॉर्निंगस्टार, इंक के संस्थापक और सीईओ जो मैनसिटो, शिकागो कब्स के मालिक और अध्यक्ष थॉमस एस. रिकेट्स और एनबीए कमिश्नर एडम सिल्वर इत्यादि शामिल हैं ।"
} | {
"en": "Who is the third riches man in America?",
"hi": "अमेरिका का तीसरा अमीर आदमी कौन है?"
} | {
"en": [
"Larry Ellison"
],
"hi": [
"लैरी एलिसन"
]
} | {
"en": [
129,
129,
129
],
"hi": [
139
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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"New York University",
"Georgetown University",
"Princeton University",
"Florida State University",
"Syracuse University",
"Dartmouth College fraternities and sororities",
"Michigan State University",
"Boston University",
"Duke University",
"Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
"Central Philippine University",
"University of Virginia",
"Rutgers University",
"Vanderbilt University",
"Washington University in St. Louis",
"Wake Forest University",
"University of California, Berkeley",
"Arizona State University",
"University of California, Los Angeles",
"Carnegie Mellon University",
"University of British Columbia",
"California Lutheran University",
"George Washington University",
"Italian Americans",
"McGill University",
"University of Wisconsin–Madison",
"University of Toronto",
"University of Miami",
"History of women in the United States",
"King's College London",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"University of California, San Diego",
"California Institute of Technology",
"California State University, Northridge",
"History of Australia",
"University of Pittsburgh",
"University of Texas at Dallas",
"Fordham University",
"History of the University of Chicago",
"Tufts University",
"Women in science",
"University of Delaware",
"University of California, Davis",
"Millennials",
"Collegiate secret societies in North America",
"Stanford University",
"Dartmouth College",
"University of Cambridge",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"University of Texas at Austin",
"Carleton University",
"Florida International University",
"Chicago",
"University of Chicago Law School",
"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute",
"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign",
"Purdue University",
"University of Oxford",
"Institutional racism",
"Emory University",
"University of Scranton buildings and landmarks",
"Washington State University",
"University of Florida",
"Indiana University Bloomington",
"University of South Florida",
"University of Rochester",
"Georgia Tech",
"McMaster University",
"London School of Economics",
"University of Alberta",
"Miami University",
"Stony Brook University",
"Durham University",
"Alpha Phi Alpha",
"History of Northwestern University",
"University of Oregon",
"Civil rights movement",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"University of Birmingham",
"Development communication",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"University at Albany, SUNY",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Colorado State University",
"Education in China",
"Johns Hopkins University",
"Bates College",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Bowling Green State University",
"History of Germany",
"University of Notre Dame",
"Ohio State University",
"University of California, Santa Cruz",
"University of Waterloo",
"West Virginia University",
"History of education in the United States",
"History of Western civilization",
"San Jose State University",
"University of Edinburgh",
"University of Massachusetts Boston",
"Vilnius",
"Utah State University",
"University of California, Irvine",
"Rice University",
"University College London",
"Manhattan Project",
"Camden, New Jersey",
"History of Detroit",
"Iowa State University",
"College of William & Mary",
"University of St Andrews",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"History of Missouri",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1965–present)",
"University of Colorado Boulder",
"Liberty University",
"New York Institute of Technology",
"Logology (science)",
"History of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"University of Mississippi",
"Italy",
"University of Alabama",
"Pittsburgh",
"Queen's University at Kingston",
"History of the United States",
"University of Washington",
"Washington & Jefferson College",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"New Deal",
"University of Nebraska–Lincoln",
"University of Sheffield",
"Mercer University",
"Louisiana Tech University",
"University of Maryland, Baltimore County",
"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Texas A&M University",
"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign",
"New Mexico",
"Medical school",
"History of socialism",
"Neoliberalism",
"Foreign relations of India",
"University of California",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Friedrich Hayek",
"Barack Obama",
"Lindenwood University",
"Donald Trump",
"University of Santo Tomas",
"Brigham Young University",
"Portugal",
"Education in the United States",
"Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
"Iloilo City",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action",
"Ivy League",
"Brandeis University",
"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
"Heidelberg University",
"University of North Alabama",
"Women in music",
"Greece",
"John F. Kennedy",
"Hillary Clinton",
"North Carolina A&T State University",
"Wesleyan University",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"Williams College",
"Bill Clinton",
"Trinity College Dublin",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"University of Houston",
"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
"Virginia Tech",
"History of Guatemala",
"History of France",
"University of Ottawa",
"Steele dossier",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Joseph A. Panuska",
"Indianapolis",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
"University of Utah",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Loyola Marymount University",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Hispanic and Latino Americans",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"Detroit",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"Montana State University",
"University of Oklahoma",
"City College of New York",
"Washington and Lee University",
"University at Buffalo",
"United Russia",
"History of the United States government",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Clemson University",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Talcott Parsons",
"Israel",
"National University of San Marcos",
"Reed College",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Latin America",
"History of opera",
"History of the socialist movement in the United States",
"Virginia",
"University of Calgary",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Baltimore",
"Ohio Wesleyan University",
"Racism in the United States",
"Tartan",
"American Jews",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Culture of England",
"Illinois Institute of Technology",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"George W. Bush",
"University of Western Ontario",
"Illinois",
"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election",
"China–United States relations",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"List of University of Minnesota fraternities and sororities",
"European Union law",
"England",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Progressive Era",
"History of science",
"Dartmouth College student groups",
"Austin, Texas",
"Political positions of Mitt Romney",
"Louisiana State University",
"Case Western Reserve University",
"United States Military Academy",
"Philadelphia",
"Marist College",
"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
"University of Maryland, College Park",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Mitt Romney",
"History of Austria",
"Jimmy Carter",
"History of Cornell University",
"University of California, Riverside",
"Pomona College",
"Presidency of Joe Biden",
"Tsinghua University",
"Southern Illinois University Edwardsville",
"Boris Johnson",
"American frontier",
"Education in India",
"Pennsylvania State University",
"New York City",
"Havana",
"Rollins College",
"List of modern great powers",
"Ted Kennedy",
"Women in Islam",
"Hobart and William Smith Colleges",
"Delta Sigma Theta",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"Iran–United States relations",
"California State University, Los Angeles",
"African Americans",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Rochester Institute of Technology",
"Pakistan",
"University of Manchester",
"Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Higher education in the United States",
"Harry S. Truman",
"Marquette University",
"Socialism",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Reconstruction era",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Newark, New Jersey",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Bachelor's degree",
"Tulsa, Oklahoma",
"List of films considered the worst",
"Puerto Rico",
"Ohio University",
"Flint water crisis",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Mitch Daniels",
"Lithuania",
"African-American history",
"United States labor law",
"Psychology",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Catholic Church sexual abuse cases",
"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
"Texas",
"United States Naval Academy",
"North Carolina State University",
"University of Texas at San Antonio",
"Early history of American football",
"History of Paris",
"Robert F. Kennedy",
"Woodrow Wilson",
"Auburn University",
"Christian culture",
"Houston",
"New Orleans",
"History of the nude in art",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Missouri State University",
"Education in Haiti",
"Massachusetts",
"Bernie Sanders",
"Kent State University",
"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"San Francisco State University",
"University of Minnesota",
"Atlanta",
"Silliman University",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"History of the Jews in the United States",
"University of Essex",
"Vladimir Putin",
"Mexico",
"SAT",
"University of Dayton",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Confucius Institutes",
"Dalhousie University",
"University of Victoria",
"Eastern Nazarene College",
"Project Y",
"John von Neumann",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"University of Sussex",
"Presidency of Barack Obama",
"San Diego State University",
"Ulysses S. Grant",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"History of Beijing",
"University of Wisconsin–La Crosse",
"Clark University",
"Sciences Po",
"Dallas",
"Enoch Powell",
"University of Bonn",
"University of Bristol",
"London",
"Oberlin College",
"Light in painting",
"San Francisco",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"Moscow",
"Education in South Korea",
"Facebook",
"Miscegenation",
"New Haven, Connecticut",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)",
"Fidel Castro",
"University of California, Santa Barbara",
"Iran",
"Texas Longhorns men's basketball",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"Trinity College, Toronto",
"Enrico Fermi",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"History of the Philippines",
"Louhelen Baháʼí School",
"Richard Nixon",
"Fraternities and sororities",
"China",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Walmart",
"Calgary",
"Toronto Metropolitan University",
"Phi Delta Theta",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"John McCain",
"History of Scotland",
"Jacksonville, Florida",
"University of Vermont",
"Salt Lake City",
"College of the Holy Cross",
"Women in government",
"Cleveland",
"Economy of the United States",
"Portland State University",
"France",
"List of General Hospital characters",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"University of Leeds",
"University of Melbourne",
"Swarthmore College",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"French Resistance",
"Trumpism",
"National Collegiate Athletic Association",
"University of North Texas",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Robert Byrd",
"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Fake news",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
"Irish Americans",
"Apartheid",
"Temple University",
"University of Massachusetts Amherst",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Labor history of the United States",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Culture of the United States",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Xi Jinping",
"Bangladesh",
"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"University of Kentucky",
"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
"History of women in Puerto Rico",
"Economic policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"College football",
"University of Aberdeen",
"New Jersey",
"Israel–United States relations",
"Political positions of John McCain",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Clarence Thomas",
"American imperialism",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
"Stetson University",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"Metropolitan Museum of Art",
"Moldova",
"Cesar Chavez",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"Jesse Helms",
"Political positions of Donald Trump",
"Incarceration in the United States",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Modern architecture",
"Nuclear program of Iran",
"Imperial examination",
"Chicago school of economics",
"Manhattan",
"Soviet Union",
"Sydney",
"Columbus, Ohio",
"Antioch College",
"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
"University of Connecticut",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Robert McNamara",
"Catholic University of America",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World War II by country",
"Jewish culture",
"Archibald Cox",
"Sonia Sotomayor",
"Reading",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
"Vietnam War",
"Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove",
"DePaul University",
"Doctor of Philosophy",
"Black Lives Matter",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Boston",
"Special Relationship",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"University of Warwick",
"Ralph Northam",
"Dominican Republic",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"George McGovern",
"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Jesse Jackson",
"East Carolina University",
"History of Poland",
"Burbank, California",
"Saint Anselm College",
"Goldman Sachs",
"Alfred Waterhouse",
"Tulane University",
"Political positions of Susan Collins",
"Southern Methodist University",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
"Terry Sanford",
"United Kingdom",
"Southern Illinois University Carbondale",
"Mobile, Alabama",
"Scotland",
"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
"Virginia Commonwealth University",
"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
"Goucher College",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
"Janet Yellen",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"University of Arkansas",
"New York (state)",
"Florida Atlantic University",
"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
"Sociology",
"History of chemistry",
"South African labour law",
"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
"University of East Anglia",
"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
"Salisbury University",
"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms",
"Fox News",
"Ball State University",
"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
"University of Glasgow",
"Gerald Ford",
"Georgia State University",
"Sierra Leone",
"Union College",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
"Briarcliff Manor, New York",
"Old Dominion University",
"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
"Midwestern United States",
"Norwich",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Harvard University",
"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
"Omaha, Nebraska",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Memphis, Tennessee",
"Kazakhstan",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
"St. Louis",
"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
"Texas State University",
"Grand Valley State University",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
"University of Arizona",
"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"History of anthropology by country",
"University of Exeter",
"Carleton College",
"Spokane, Washington",
"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Black British people",
"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"American Enterprise Institute",
"Nelson Mandela",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Alpha Kappa Alpha",
"Confederate States of America",
"Pope John Paul II",
"Albert Einstein",
"History of Indiana",
"Economy of China",
"List of master's degrees in North America",
"Nashville, Tennessee",
"Timișoara",
"Richmond, Virginia",
"Norway",
"History of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"David Petraeus",
"History of medicine",
"Occidental College",
"Stuyvesant High School",
"Architecture of Seattle",
"Taiwan",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Valparaiso University",
"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Islamic terrorism",
"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
"Presidency of Richard Nixon",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"History of social democracy",
"Vermont",
"Chattanooga, Tennessee",
"Saudi Arabia",
"The Bronx",
"History of magic",
"Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Harold Wilson",
"California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo",
"Kris Kobach",
"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
"Rhodes College",
"Lafayette College",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"Toronto",
"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
"University of Virginia fraternities and sororities",
"Baltimore City College",
"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"Anti-communism",
"David Cameron",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Madrid",
"University of Notre Dame residence halls",
"History of the United States (2008–present)",
"BP",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
"Economy of India",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
"LGBT movements in the United States",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Jean Chrétien",
"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
"Culture of Australia",
"Issues in higher education in the United States",
"Barranquilla",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
"University of New Hampshire",
"Cincinnati",
"Anarchism in the United States",
"Glasgow",
"Religion in China",
"Polytechnic University of the Philippines",
"Frankston, Victoria",
"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
"St. Olaf College",
"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
"Hubert Humphrey",
"Vietnam",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
"University of Sydney",
"Jack Kemp",
"Michael Bloomberg",
"United States Air Force Academy",
"Brazil",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Herbert Hoover",
"Architecture of Finland",
"Modernism",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"Trinity Western University",
"Police brutality by country",
"Culture of Italy",
"Ireland",
"Campus of Stony Brook University",
"Kentucky",
"Cultural Revolution",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Tim Kaine",
"University of Manitoba",
"Shimer Great Books School",
"Birmingham",
"California State Polytechnic University, Pomona",
"Havana Plan Piloto",
"Duluth, Minnesota",
"Wichita, Kansas",
"Argentina",
"History of slavery",
"William Howard Taft",
"Hamas",
"Iraq War",
"1972 in the Vietnam War",
"Kettering University",
"History of California (1900–present)",
"Mao Zedong",
"Troy H. Middleton",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"George Soros",
"Berlin",
"Executive compensation in the United States",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Jerusalem",
"Great Depression",
"Well-being contributing factors",
"Loyola University New Orleans",
"University of Freiburg",
"Democratic Party (United States)",
"Thomas Jefferson",
"Indianapolis Museum of Art",
"Mexico City",
"Chris Christie",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement",
"Indiana",
"India–United States relations",
"British African-Caribbean people",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"German Americans",
"College admissions in the United States",
"History of radar",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
"University of the Philippines Diliman",
"John Ruskin",
"Napoleon III",
"Binghamton University",
"Lyndon LaRouche",
"Oklahoma",
"Nothing Records",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Beijing",
"Portland, Oregon",
"Transcendental Meditation movement",
"Ronald Reagan",
"Estonia",
"History of libraries",
"Noam Chomsky",
"Chile",
"Kamala Harris",
"Traditions and student activities at MIT",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Nigeria",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Imperial College London",
"Protestantism",
"Loyola University Chicago",
"History of North American fraternities and sororities",
"Chicano",
"Ku Klux Klan",
"American literature",
"Peking University",
"Muhammad Ali",
"Sweden",
"Huntington, West Virginia",
"Bill Cosby sexual assault cases",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"La Trobe University",
"Al Gore",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
"Steve Bannon",
"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Carolina",
"W. E. B. Du Bois",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Higher education in Portugal",
"Sandinista National Liberation Front",
"Washington, D.C.",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
"Tucker Carlson",
"Switzerland",
"Simon Fraser University",
"United States Agency for International Development",
"Military history of Canada",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"Kerala",
"Drexel University",
"Egypt",
"September 11 attacks",
"Ethiopia",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"College and university rankings",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
"University of Louisville",
"History of the United States Space Force",
"BBC Television Shakespeare",
"Edward Snowden",
"Roe v. Wade",
"Howard University",
"Educational technology",
"Julius Nyerere",
"Sacramento, California",
"San Francisco Bay Area",
"Homelessness",
"Bob Jones University",
"Social media",
"Winston Churchill",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
"British Columbia",
"History of Virginia",
"Harold Hecht",
"Brooklyn",
"Alabama",
"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
"Universities in the United Kingdom",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
"Kenya",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Scott Pruitt",
"Soap Box Derby",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Venezuela",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Ohio",
"History of Oregon State Beavers football",
"Franz Boas",
"Bishop's College School",
"Victoria and Albert Museum",
"Criticism of Facebook",
"Harvard–Yale football rivalry",
"Brian Mulroney",
"Montana",
"Nancy Pelosi",
"Nanjing",
"Beyoncé",
"Milan",
"São Paulo",
"Desmond Tutu",
"History of Porto Alegre",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Lesbian",
"Economics",
"Mike Gravel",
"History of Jamaica",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
"Black Canadians",
"Pope Pius XII",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Chicago Pile-1",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Montevideo",
"David Lloyd George",
"WikiLeaks",
"Zimbabwe",
"Mihai Olos",
"Charles Rangel",
"Kansas City, Missouri",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Che Guevara",
"Denmark",
"Kent, Ohio",
"HBO",
"Abraham Lincoln",
"Blackpool",
"Edmonton",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Madrasa",
"École normale supérieure (Paris)",
"Main campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"Knoxville, Tennessee",
"George Orwell",
"Thammasat University",
"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"University of Amsterdam",
"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
"Presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Nazism",
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] |
57286951ff5b5019007da211 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O. McKinsey, Arley D. Cathey, Bloomberg L.P. CEO Daniel Doctoroff, Credit Suisse CEO Brady Dougan, Morningstar, Inc. founder and CEO Joe Mansueto, Chicago Cubs owner and chairman Thomas S. Ricketts, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver.",
"hi": "व्यापार में, उल्लेखनीय पूर्व छात्रों में माइक्रोसॉफ्ट के सीईओ सत्या नडेला, ओरेकल कॉर्पोरेशन के संस्थापक और अमेरिका के तीसरे सबसे अमीर आदमी लैरी एलिसन, गोल्डमैन सैक्स और एमएफ ग्लोबल के सीईओ और साथ ही न्यू जर्सी के पूर्व गवर्नर जॉन कॉर्ज़िन, मैकिनसे एंड कंपनी के संस्थापक और पहली प्रबंधन लेखांकन की पाठ्यपुस्तक के लेखक जेम्स ओ. मैकिंसे, एर्ली डी. कैथे, ब्लूमबर्ग एलपी के सीईओ डैनियल डॉक्टरऑफ़, क्रेडिट सुइस के सीईओ ब्रैडी डॉगन, मॉर्निंगस्टार, इंक के संस्थापक और सीईओ जो मैनसिटो, शिकागो कब्स के मालिक और अध्यक्ष थॉमस एस. रिकेट्स और एनबीए कमिश्नर एडम सिल्वर इत्यादि शामिल हैं ।"
} | {
"en": "What Goldman Sachs CEO is also an alumni of the University of Chicago?",
"hi": "क्या गोल्डमैन सैक्स के सीईओ शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के पूर्व छात्र भी हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"Jon Corzine"
],
"hi": [
"जॉन कॉर्ज़िन"
]
} | {
"en": [
217,
217,
217
],
"hi": [
226
]
} | [
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] |
57286951ff5b5019007da212 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O. McKinsey, Arley D. Cathey, Bloomberg L.P. CEO Daniel Doctoroff, Credit Suisse CEO Brady Dougan, Morningstar, Inc. founder and CEO Joe Mansueto, Chicago Cubs owner and chairman Thomas S. Ricketts, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver.",
"hi": "व्यापार में, उल्लेखनीय पूर्व छात्रों में माइक्रोसॉफ्ट के सीईओ सत्या नडेला, ओरेकल कॉर्पोरेशन के संस्थापक और अमेरिका के तीसरे सबसे अमीर आदमी लैरी एलिसन, गोल्डमैन सैक्स और एमएफ ग्लोबल के सीईओ और साथ ही न्यू जर्सी के पूर्व गवर्नर जॉन कॉर्ज़िन, मैकिनसे एंड कंपनी के संस्थापक और पहली प्रबंधन लेखांकन की पाठ्यपुस्तक के लेखक जेम्स ओ. मैकिंसे, एर्ली डी. कैथे, ब्लूमबर्ग एलपी के सीईओ डैनियल डॉक्टरऑफ़, क्रेडिट सुइस के सीईओ ब्रैडी डॉगन, मॉर्निंगस्टार, इंक के संस्थापक और सीईओ जो मैनसिटो, शिकागो कब्स के मालिक और अध्यक्ष थॉमस एस. रिकेट्स और एनबीए कमिश्नर एडम सिल्वर इत्यादि शामिल हैं ।"
} | {
"en": "Who founded McKinsey & Company?",
"hi": "मैकिन्से एंड कंपनी की स्थापना किसने की?"
} | {
"en": [
"James O. McKinsey"
],
"hi": [
"जेम्स ओ. मैकिंसे"
]
} | {
"en": [
312,
312,
312
],
"hi": [
317
]
} | [
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"Hugo W. Koehler",
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"Slavery in the United States",
"Xi Jinping",
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"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
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"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
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"College football",
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"New Jersey",
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"Political positions of John McCain",
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"Clarence Thomas",
"American imperialism",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
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"Nicolae Iorga",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
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"Moldova",
"Cesar Chavez",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
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"Political positions of Donald Trump",
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"Zhou Enlai",
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"Modern architecture",
"Nuclear program of Iran",
"Imperial examination",
"Chicago school of economics",
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"Columbus, Ohio",
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"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
"University of Connecticut",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Robert McNamara",
"Catholic University of America",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World War II by country",
"Jewish culture",
"Archibald Cox",
"Sonia Sotomayor",
"Reading",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
"Vietnam War",
"Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove",
"DePaul University",
"Doctor of Philosophy",
"Black Lives Matter",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Boston",
"Special Relationship",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"University of Warwick",
"Ralph Northam",
"Dominican Republic",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"George McGovern",
"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Jesse Jackson",
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"History of Poland",
"Burbank, California",
"Saint Anselm College",
"Goldman Sachs",
"Alfred Waterhouse",
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"Political positions of Susan Collins",
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"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
"Terry Sanford",
"United Kingdom",
"Southern Illinois University Carbondale",
"Mobile, Alabama",
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"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
"Virginia Commonwealth University",
"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
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"Supreme Court of the United States",
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"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
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"New York (state)",
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"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
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"History of chemistry",
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"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
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"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
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"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
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"Fox News",
"Ball State University",
"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
"University of Glasgow",
"Gerald Ford",
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"Sierra Leone",
"Union College",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
"Briarcliff Manor, New York",
"Old Dominion University",
"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
"Midwestern United States",
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"Slavery in ancient Rome",
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"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
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"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Memphis, Tennessee",
"Kazakhstan",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
"St. Louis",
"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
"Texas State University",
"Grand Valley State University",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
"University of Arizona",
"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"History of anthropology by country",
"University of Exeter",
"Carleton College",
"Spokane, Washington",
"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Black British people",
"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"American Enterprise Institute",
"Nelson Mandela",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Alpha Kappa Alpha",
"Confederate States of America",
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"Albert Einstein",
"History of Indiana",
"Economy of China",
"List of master's degrees in North America",
"Nashville, Tennessee",
"Timișoara",
"Richmond, Virginia",
"Norway",
"History of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"David Petraeus",
"History of medicine",
"Occidental College",
"Stuyvesant High School",
"Architecture of Seattle",
"Taiwan",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Valparaiso University",
"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Islamic terrorism",
"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
"Presidency of Richard Nixon",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"History of social democracy",
"Vermont",
"Chattanooga, Tennessee",
"Saudi Arabia",
"The Bronx",
"History of magic",
"Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Harold Wilson",
"California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo",
"Kris Kobach",
"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
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"Lafayette College",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"Toronto",
"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
"University of Virginia fraternities and sororities",
"Baltimore City College",
"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"Anti-communism",
"David Cameron",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Madrid",
"University of Notre Dame residence halls",
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"BP",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
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"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
"LGBT movements in the United States",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Jean Chrétien",
"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
"Culture of Australia",
"Issues in higher education in the United States",
"Barranquilla",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
"University of New Hampshire",
"Cincinnati",
"Anarchism in the United States",
"Glasgow",
"Religion in China",
"Polytechnic University of the Philippines",
"Frankston, Victoria",
"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
"St. Olaf College",
"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
"Hubert Humphrey",
"Vietnam",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
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"Michael Bloomberg",
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"Brazil",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
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"Police brutality by country",
"Culture of Italy",
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"Campus of Stony Brook University",
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"Cultural Revolution",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
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"University of Manitoba",
"Shimer Great Books School",
"Birmingham",
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"1972 in the Vietnam War",
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"Troy H. Middleton",
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"History of radar",
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"Napoleon III",
"Binghamton University",
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"Nothing Records",
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"History of libraries",
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"Kamala Harris",
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"Peking University",
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"Sweden",
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"Bill Cosby sexual assault cases",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"La Trobe University",
"Al Gore",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
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"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump",
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"17 October Revolution",
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"W. E. B. Du Bois",
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"Higher education in Portugal",
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"Affordable Care Act",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
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"United States Agency for International Development",
"Military history of Canada",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"Kerala",
"Drexel University",
"Egypt",
"September 11 attacks",
"Ethiopia",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"College and university rankings",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
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"History of the United States Space Force",
"BBC Television Shakespeare",
"Edward Snowden",
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"Educational technology",
"Julius Nyerere",
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"San Francisco Bay Area",
"Homelessness",
"Bob Jones University",
"Social media",
"Winston Churchill",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
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"History of Virginia",
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"Alabama",
"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
"Universities in the United Kingdom",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
"Kenya",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Scott Pruitt",
"Soap Box Derby",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Venezuela",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Ohio",
"History of Oregon State Beavers football",
"Franz Boas",
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"Criticism of Facebook",
"Harvard–Yale football rivalry",
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"Nancy Pelosi",
"Nanjing",
"Beyoncé",
"Milan",
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"History of Porto Alegre",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Lesbian",
"Economics",
"Mike Gravel",
"History of Jamaica",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
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"Pope Pius XII",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Chicago Pile-1",
"Wartime sexual violence",
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"Mihai Olos",
"Charles Rangel",
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"HBO",
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"George Orwell",
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"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"University of Amsterdam",
"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
"Presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Nazism",
"Historikerstreit",
"Brian Wilson",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
"Louisiana",
"Russia",
"Australian National University",
"Anti-Americanism",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
"Harold Macmillan",
"Wye College",
"Wales",
"Ted Cruz",
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"Abbott government",
"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
572870b2ff5b5019007da222 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In economics, notable Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences winners Milton Friedman, a major advisor to Republican U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Conservative British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, George Stigler, Nobel laureate and proponent of regulatory capture theory, Gary Becker, an important contributor to the family economics branch of economics, Herbert A. Simon, responsible for the modern interpretation of the concept of organizational decision-making, Paul Samuelson, the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, and Eugene Fama, known for his work on portfolio theory, asset pricing and stock market behaviour, are all graduates. American economist, social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell is also an alumnus.",
"hi": "अर्थशास्त्र में, आर्थिक विज्ञान के विजेताओं में उल्लेखनीय नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार विजेता मिल्टन फ्रीडमैन, रिपब्लिकन अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति और रूढ़िवादी ब्रिटिश प्रधानमंत्री मार्गरेट थैचर के एक प्रमुख सलाहकार रोनाल्ड रीगन, नोबेल पुरस्कार विजेता और नियामक कैप्चर सिद्धांत के प्रस्तावक जॉर्ज स्टिग्लर, गैरी बेकर, अर्थशास्त्र की परंपरागत आर्थिक शाखा के एक महत्वपूर्ण योगदानकर्ता, हर्बर्ट ए. साइमन, संगठनात्मक निर्णय लेने की अवधारणा की आधुनिक व्याख्या के जन्मदाता, पॉल सैमुएलसन, आर्थिक विज्ञान में नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार जीतने वाले पहले अमेरिकी, और यूजीन फामा, पोर्टफोलियो सिद्धांत, संपत्ति मूल्य निर्धारण और स्टॉक मार्केट व्यवहार पर अपने काम के लिए प्रसिद्ध हैं, सभी शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय से स्नातक हैं। अमेरिकी अर्थशास्त्री, सामाजिक सिद्धांतकार, राजनीतिक दार्शनिक और लेखक थॉमस सोवेल भी शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के एक पूर्व छात्र हैं।"
} | {
"en": "What Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences winner is also a university alumni member?",
"hi": "क्या आर्थिक विज्ञान में नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार के विजेता विश्वविद्यालय के पूर्व छात्र सदस्य भी हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"Milton Friedman"
],
"hi": [
"मिल्टन फ्रीडमैन"
]
} | {
"en": [
72,
72,
72
],
"hi": [
89
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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"History of women in the United States",
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"Chicago",
"University of Chicago Law School",
"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute",
"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign",
"Purdue University",
"University of Oxford",
"Institutional racism",
"Emory University",
"University of Scranton buildings and landmarks",
"Washington State University",
"University of Florida",
"Indiana University Bloomington",
"University of South Florida",
"University of Rochester",
"Georgia Tech",
"McMaster University",
"London School of Economics",
"University of Alberta",
"Miami University",
"Stony Brook University",
"Durham University",
"Alpha Phi Alpha",
"History of Northwestern University",
"University of Oregon",
"Civil rights movement",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"University of Birmingham",
"Development communication",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"University at Albany, SUNY",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Colorado State University",
"Education in China",
"Johns Hopkins University",
"Bates College",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Bowling Green State University",
"History of Germany",
"University of Notre Dame",
"Ohio State University",
"University of California, Santa Cruz",
"University of Waterloo",
"West Virginia University",
"History of education in the United States",
"History of Western civilization",
"San Jose State University",
"University of Edinburgh",
"University of Massachusetts Boston",
"Vilnius",
"Utah State University",
"University of California, Irvine",
"Rice University",
"University College London",
"Manhattan Project",
"Camden, New Jersey",
"History of Detroit",
"Iowa State University",
"College of William & Mary",
"University of St Andrews",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"History of Missouri",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1965–present)",
"University of Colorado Boulder",
"Liberty University",
"New York Institute of Technology",
"Logology (science)",
"History of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"University of Mississippi",
"Italy",
"University of Alabama",
"Pittsburgh",
"Queen's University at Kingston",
"History of the United States",
"University of Washington",
"Washington & Jefferson College",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"New Deal",
"University of Nebraska–Lincoln",
"University of Sheffield",
"Mercer University",
"Louisiana Tech University",
"University of Maryland, Baltimore County",
"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Texas A&M University",
"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign",
"New Mexico",
"Medical school",
"History of socialism",
"Neoliberalism",
"Foreign relations of India",
"University of California",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Friedrich Hayek",
"Barack Obama",
"Lindenwood University",
"Donald Trump",
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"Brigham Young University",
"Portugal",
"Education in the United States",
"Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
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"Theodore Roosevelt",
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"Ivy League",
"Brandeis University",
"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
"Heidelberg University",
"University of North Alabama",
"Women in music",
"Greece",
"John F. Kennedy",
"Hillary Clinton",
"North Carolina A&T State University",
"Wesleyan University",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"Williams College",
"Bill Clinton",
"Trinity College Dublin",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"University of Houston",
"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
"Virginia Tech",
"History of Guatemala",
"History of France",
"University of Ottawa",
"Steele dossier",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Joseph A. Panuska",
"Indianapolis",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
"University of Utah",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Loyola Marymount University",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Hispanic and Latino Americans",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"Detroit",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"Montana State University",
"University of Oklahoma",
"City College of New York",
"Washington and Lee University",
"University at Buffalo",
"United Russia",
"History of the United States government",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Clemson University",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Talcott Parsons",
"Israel",
"National University of San Marcos",
"Reed College",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Latin America",
"History of opera",
"History of the socialist movement in the United States",
"Virginia",
"University of Calgary",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Baltimore",
"Ohio Wesleyan University",
"Racism in the United States",
"Tartan",
"American Jews",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Culture of England",
"Illinois Institute of Technology",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"George W. Bush",
"University of Western Ontario",
"Illinois",
"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election",
"China–United States relations",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"List of University of Minnesota fraternities and sororities",
"European Union law",
"England",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Progressive Era",
"History of science",
"Dartmouth College student groups",
"Austin, Texas",
"Political positions of Mitt Romney",
"Louisiana State University",
"Case Western Reserve University",
"United States Military Academy",
"Philadelphia",
"Marist College",
"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
"University of Maryland, College Park",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Mitt Romney",
"History of Austria",
"Jimmy Carter",
"History of Cornell University",
"University of California, Riverside",
"Pomona College",
"Presidency of Joe Biden",
"Tsinghua University",
"Southern Illinois University Edwardsville",
"Boris Johnson",
"American frontier",
"Education in India",
"Pennsylvania State University",
"New York City",
"Havana",
"Rollins College",
"List of modern great powers",
"Ted Kennedy",
"Women in Islam",
"Hobart and William Smith Colleges",
"Delta Sigma Theta",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"Iran–United States relations",
"California State University, Los Angeles",
"African Americans",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Rochester Institute of Technology",
"Pakistan",
"University of Manchester",
"Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Higher education in the United States",
"Harry S. Truman",
"Marquette University",
"Socialism",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Reconstruction era",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Newark, New Jersey",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Bachelor's degree",
"Tulsa, Oklahoma",
"List of films considered the worst",
"Puerto Rico",
"Ohio University",
"Flint water crisis",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Mitch Daniels",
"Lithuania",
"African-American history",
"United States labor law",
"Psychology",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Catholic Church sexual abuse cases",
"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
"Texas",
"United States Naval Academy",
"North Carolina State University",
"University of Texas at San Antonio",
"Early history of American football",
"History of Paris",
"Robert F. Kennedy",
"Woodrow Wilson",
"Auburn University",
"Christian culture",
"Houston",
"New Orleans",
"History of the nude in art",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Missouri State University",
"Education in Haiti",
"Massachusetts",
"Bernie Sanders",
"Kent State University",
"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"San Francisco State University",
"University of Minnesota",
"Atlanta",
"Silliman University",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"History of the Jews in the United States",
"University of Essex",
"Vladimir Putin",
"Mexico",
"SAT",
"University of Dayton",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Confucius Institutes",
"Dalhousie University",
"University of Victoria",
"Eastern Nazarene College",
"Project Y",
"John von Neumann",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"University of Sussex",
"Presidency of Barack Obama",
"San Diego State University",
"Ulysses S. Grant",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"History of Beijing",
"University of Wisconsin–La Crosse",
"Clark University",
"Sciences Po",
"Dallas",
"Enoch Powell",
"University of Bonn",
"University of Bristol",
"London",
"Oberlin College",
"Light in painting",
"San Francisco",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"Moscow",
"Education in South Korea",
"Facebook",
"Miscegenation",
"New Haven, Connecticut",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)",
"Fidel Castro",
"University of California, Santa Barbara",
"Iran",
"Texas Longhorns men's basketball",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"Trinity College, Toronto",
"Enrico Fermi",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"History of the Philippines",
"Louhelen Baháʼí School",
"Richard Nixon",
"Fraternities and sororities",
"China",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Walmart",
"Calgary",
"Toronto Metropolitan University",
"Phi Delta Theta",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"John McCain",
"History of Scotland",
"Jacksonville, Florida",
"University of Vermont",
"Salt Lake City",
"College of the Holy Cross",
"Women in government",
"Cleveland",
"Economy of the United States",
"Portland State University",
"France",
"List of General Hospital characters",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"University of Leeds",
"University of Melbourne",
"Swarthmore College",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"French Resistance",
"Trumpism",
"National Collegiate Athletic Association",
"University of North Texas",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Robert Byrd",
"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Fake news",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
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"Apartheid",
"Temple University",
"University of Massachusetts Amherst",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Labor history of the United States",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Culture of the United States",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Xi Jinping",
"Bangladesh",
"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
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"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
"History of women in Puerto Rico",
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"College football",
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"New Jersey",
"Israel–United States relations",
"Political positions of John McCain",
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"Clarence Thomas",
"American imperialism",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
"Stetson University",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"Metropolitan Museum of Art",
"Moldova",
"Cesar Chavez",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
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"Nuclear program of Iran",
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"Sydney",
"Columbus, Ohio",
"Antioch College",
"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
"University of Connecticut",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Robert McNamara",
"Catholic University of America",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World War II by country",
"Jewish culture",
"Archibald Cox",
"Sonia Sotomayor",
"Reading",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
"Vietnam War",
"Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove",
"DePaul University",
"Doctor of Philosophy",
"Black Lives Matter",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Boston",
"Special Relationship",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"University of Warwick",
"Ralph Northam",
"Dominican Republic",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"George McGovern",
"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Jesse Jackson",
"East Carolina University",
"History of Poland",
"Burbank, California",
"Saint Anselm College",
"Goldman Sachs",
"Alfred Waterhouse",
"Tulane University",
"Political positions of Susan Collins",
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"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
"Terry Sanford",
"United Kingdom",
"Southern Illinois University Carbondale",
"Mobile, Alabama",
"Scotland",
"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
"Virginia Commonwealth University",
"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
"Goucher College",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
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"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
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"New York (state)",
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"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
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"History of chemistry",
"South African labour law",
"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
"University of East Anglia",
"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
"Salisbury University",
"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms",
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"Ball State University",
"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
"University of Glasgow",
"Gerald Ford",
"Georgia State University",
"Sierra Leone",
"Union College",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
"Briarcliff Manor, New York",
"Old Dominion University",
"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
"Midwestern United States",
"Norwich",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
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"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
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"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Industrial Revolution",
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"Kazakhstan",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
"St. Louis",
"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
"Texas State University",
"Grand Valley State University",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
"University of Arizona",
"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"History of anthropology by country",
"University of Exeter",
"Carleton College",
"Spokane, Washington",
"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Black British people",
"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
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"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
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"History of Indiana",
"Economy of China",
"List of master's degrees in North America",
"Nashville, Tennessee",
"Timișoara",
"Richmond, Virginia",
"Norway",
"History of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"David Petraeus",
"History of medicine",
"Occidental College",
"Stuyvesant High School",
"Architecture of Seattle",
"Taiwan",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Valparaiso University",
"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Islamic terrorism",
"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
"Presidency of Richard Nixon",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"History of social democracy",
"Vermont",
"Chattanooga, Tennessee",
"Saudi Arabia",
"The Bronx",
"History of magic",
"Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Harold Wilson",
"California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo",
"Kris Kobach",
"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
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"Lafayette College",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"Toronto",
"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
"University of Virginia fraternities and sororities",
"Baltimore City College",
"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"Anti-communism",
"David Cameron",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Madrid",
"University of Notre Dame residence halls",
"History of the United States (2008–present)",
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"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
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"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
"LGBT movements in the United States",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
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"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
"Culture of Australia",
"Issues in higher education in the United States",
"Barranquilla",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
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"Cincinnati",
"Anarchism in the United States",
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"Religion in China",
"Polytechnic University of the Philippines",
"Frankston, Victoria",
"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
"St. Olaf College",
"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
"Hubert Humphrey",
"Vietnam",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
"University of Sydney",
"Jack Kemp",
"Michael Bloomberg",
"United States Air Force Academy",
"Brazil",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Herbert Hoover",
"Architecture of Finland",
"Modernism",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"Trinity Western University",
"Police brutality by country",
"Culture of Italy",
"Ireland",
"Campus of Stony Brook University",
"Kentucky",
"Cultural Revolution",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Tim Kaine",
"University of Manitoba",
"Shimer Great Books School",
"Birmingham",
"California State Polytechnic University, Pomona",
"Havana Plan Piloto",
"Duluth, Minnesota",
"Wichita, Kansas",
"Argentina",
"History of slavery",
"William Howard Taft",
"Hamas",
"Iraq War",
"1972 in the Vietnam War",
"Kettering University",
"History of California (1900–present)",
"Mao Zedong",
"Troy H. Middleton",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"George Soros",
"Berlin",
"Executive compensation in the United States",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Jerusalem",
"Great Depression",
"Well-being contributing factors",
"Loyola University New Orleans",
"University of Freiburg",
"Democratic Party (United States)",
"Thomas Jefferson",
"Indianapolis Museum of Art",
"Mexico City",
"Chris Christie",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement",
"Indiana",
"India–United States relations",
"British African-Caribbean people",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"German Americans",
"College admissions in the United States",
"History of radar",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
"University of the Philippines Diliman",
"John Ruskin",
"Napoleon III",
"Binghamton University",
"Lyndon LaRouche",
"Oklahoma",
"Nothing Records",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Beijing",
"Portland, Oregon",
"Transcendental Meditation movement",
"Ronald Reagan",
"Estonia",
"History of libraries",
"Noam Chomsky",
"Chile",
"Kamala Harris",
"Traditions and student activities at MIT",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Nigeria",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Imperial College London",
"Protestantism",
"Loyola University Chicago",
"History of North American fraternities and sororities",
"Chicano",
"Ku Klux Klan",
"American literature",
"Peking University",
"Muhammad Ali",
"Sweden",
"Huntington, West Virginia",
"Bill Cosby sexual assault cases",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"La Trobe University",
"Al Gore",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
"Steve Bannon",
"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Carolina",
"W. E. B. Du Bois",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Higher education in Portugal",
"Sandinista National Liberation Front",
"Washington, D.C.",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
"Tucker Carlson",
"Switzerland",
"Simon Fraser University",
"United States Agency for International Development",
"Military history of Canada",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"Kerala",
"Drexel University",
"Egypt",
"September 11 attacks",
"Ethiopia",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"College and university rankings",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
"University of Louisville",
"History of the United States Space Force",
"BBC Television Shakespeare",
"Edward Snowden",
"Roe v. Wade",
"Howard University",
"Educational technology",
"Julius Nyerere",
"Sacramento, California",
"San Francisco Bay Area",
"Homelessness",
"Bob Jones University",
"Social media",
"Winston Churchill",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
"British Columbia",
"History of Virginia",
"Harold Hecht",
"Brooklyn",
"Alabama",
"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
"Universities in the United Kingdom",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
"Kenya",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Scott Pruitt",
"Soap Box Derby",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Venezuela",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Ohio",
"History of Oregon State Beavers football",
"Franz Boas",
"Bishop's College School",
"Victoria and Albert Museum",
"Criticism of Facebook",
"Harvard–Yale football rivalry",
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"Montana",
"Nancy Pelosi",
"Nanjing",
"Beyoncé",
"Milan",
"São Paulo",
"Desmond Tutu",
"History of Porto Alegre",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Lesbian",
"Economics",
"Mike Gravel",
"History of Jamaica",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
"Black Canadians",
"Pope Pius XII",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Chicago Pile-1",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Montevideo",
"David Lloyd George",
"WikiLeaks",
"Zimbabwe",
"Mihai Olos",
"Charles Rangel",
"Kansas City, Missouri",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Che Guevara",
"Denmark",
"Kent, Ohio",
"HBO",
"Abraham Lincoln",
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"Edmonton",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Madrasa",
"École normale supérieure (Paris)",
"Main campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"Knoxville, Tennessee",
"George Orwell",
"Thammasat University",
"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"University of Amsterdam",
"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
"IIT Kharagpur",
"Presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Nazism",
"Historikerstreit",
"Brian Wilson",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
"Louisiana",
"Russia",
"Australian National University",
"Anti-Americanism",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
"Harold Macmillan",
"Wye College",
"Wales",
"Ted Cruz",
"South African Border War",
"Abbott government",
"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
572870b2ff5b5019007da223 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In economics, notable Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences winners Milton Friedman, a major advisor to Republican U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Conservative British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, George Stigler, Nobel laureate and proponent of regulatory capture theory, Gary Becker, an important contributor to the family economics branch of economics, Herbert A. Simon, responsible for the modern interpretation of the concept of organizational decision-making, Paul Samuelson, the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, and Eugene Fama, known for his work on portfolio theory, asset pricing and stock market behaviour, are all graduates. American economist, social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell is also an alumnus.",
"hi": "अर्थशास्त्र में, आर्थिक विज्ञान के विजेताओं में उल्लेखनीय नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार विजेता मिल्टन फ्रीडमैन, रिपब्लिकन अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति और रूढ़िवादी ब्रिटिश प्रधानमंत्री मार्गरेट थैचर के एक प्रमुख सलाहकार रोनाल्ड रीगन, नोबेल पुरस्कार विजेता और नियामक कैप्चर सिद्धांत के प्रस्तावक जॉर्ज स्टिग्लर, गैरी बेकर, अर्थशास्त्र की परंपरागत आर्थिक शाखा के एक महत्वपूर्ण योगदानकर्ता, हर्बर्ट ए. साइमन, संगठनात्मक निर्णय लेने की अवधारणा की आधुनिक व्याख्या के जन्मदाता, पॉल सैमुएलसन, आर्थिक विज्ञान में नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार जीतने वाले पहले अमेरिकी, और यूजीन फामा, पोर्टफोलियो सिद्धांत, संपत्ति मूल्य निर्धारण और स्टॉक मार्केट व्यवहार पर अपने काम के लिए प्रसिद्ध हैं, सभी शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय से स्नातक हैं। अमेरिकी अर्थशास्त्री, सामाजिक सिद्धांतकार, राजनीतिक दार्शनिक और लेखक थॉमस सोवेल भी शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के एक पूर्व छात्र हैं।"
} | {
"en": "What British Prime minister advisor is also a university alumni member?",
"hi": "क्या ब्रिटिश प्रधानमंत्री के सलाहकार विश्वविद्यालय के पूर्व छात्र सदस्य भी हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"George Stigler"
],
"hi": [
"जॉर्ज स्टिग्लर"
]
} | {
"en": [
207,
207,
207
],
"hi": [
279
]
} | [
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"History of Poland",
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"Alfred Waterhouse",
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"List of Mad Men characters",
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"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
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"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
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"History of magic",
"Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson",
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"Kris Kobach",
"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
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"Lafayette College",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"Toronto",
"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
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"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
"University of Virginia fraternities and sororities",
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"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
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"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
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"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
"LGBT movements in the United States",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
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"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
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"Issues in higher education in the United States",
"Barranquilla",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
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"Cincinnati",
"Anarchism in the United States",
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"Frankston, Victoria",
"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
"St. Olaf College",
"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
"Hubert Humphrey",
"Vietnam",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
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"Brazil",
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"Police brutality by country",
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"Cultural Revolution",
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"Peking University",
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"Al Gore",
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"W. E. B. Du Bois",
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"Affordable Care Act",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
"Tucker Carlson",
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"Military history of Canada",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"Kerala",
"Drexel University",
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"Ethiopia",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
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"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
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"History of the United States Space Force",
"BBC Television Shakespeare",
"Edward Snowden",
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"Educational technology",
"Julius Nyerere",
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"San Francisco Bay Area",
"Homelessness",
"Bob Jones University",
"Social media",
"Winston Churchill",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
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"History of Virginia",
"Harold Hecht",
"Brooklyn",
"Alabama",
"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
"Universities in the United Kingdom",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
"Kenya",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Scott Pruitt",
"Soap Box Derby",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Venezuela",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Ohio",
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"Harvard–Yale football rivalry",
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"Nancy Pelosi",
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"Beyoncé",
"Milan",
"São Paulo",
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"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Lesbian",
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"History of Jamaica",
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"Albany, New York",
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"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
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] |
572870b2ff5b5019007da224 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In economics, notable Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences winners Milton Friedman, a major advisor to Republican U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Conservative British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, George Stigler, Nobel laureate and proponent of regulatory capture theory, Gary Becker, an important contributor to the family economics branch of economics, Herbert A. Simon, responsible for the modern interpretation of the concept of organizational decision-making, Paul Samuelson, the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, and Eugene Fama, known for his work on portfolio theory, asset pricing and stock market behaviour, are all graduates. American economist, social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell is also an alumnus.",
"hi": "अर्थशास्त्र में, आर्थिक विज्ञान के विजेताओं में उल्लेखनीय नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार विजेता मिल्टन फ्रीडमैन, रिपब्लिकन अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति और रूढ़िवादी ब्रिटिश प्रधानमंत्री मार्गरेट थैचर के एक प्रमुख सलाहकार रोनाल्ड रीगन, नोबेल पुरस्कार विजेता और नियामक कैप्चर सिद्धांत के प्रस्तावक जॉर्ज स्टिग्लर, गैरी बेकर, अर्थशास्त्र की परंपरागत आर्थिक शाखा के एक महत्वपूर्ण योगदानकर्ता, हर्बर्ट ए. साइमन, संगठनात्मक निर्णय लेने की अवधारणा की आधुनिक व्याख्या के जन्मदाता, पॉल सैमुएलसन, आर्थिक विज्ञान में नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार जीतने वाले पहले अमेरिकी, और यूजीन फामा, पोर्टफोलियो सिद्धांत, संपत्ति मूल्य निर्धारण और स्टॉक मार्केट व्यवहार पर अपने काम के लिए प्रसिद्ध हैं, सभी शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय से स्नातक हैं। अमेरिकी अर्थशास्त्री, सामाजिक सिद्धांतकार, राजनीतिक दार्शनिक और लेखक थॉमस सोवेल भी शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के एक पूर्व छात्र हैं।"
} | {
"en": "Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences?",
"hi": "आर्थिक विज्ञान में नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार जीतने वाले पहले अमेरिकी कौन थे?"
} | {
"en": [
"Paul Samuelson"
],
"hi": [
"पॉल सैमुएलसन"
]
} | {
"en": [
475,
475,
475
],
"hi": [
456
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
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"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
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"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Culture of the United States",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Xi Jinping",
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"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
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"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
"History of women in Puerto Rico",
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"College football",
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"New Jersey",
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"Political positions of John McCain",
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"Clarence Thomas",
"American imperialism",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
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"Nicolae Iorga",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
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"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
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"Political positions of Donald Trump",
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"Columbus, Ohio",
"Antioch College",
"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
"University of Connecticut",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Robert McNamara",
"Catholic University of America",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World War II by country",
"Jewish culture",
"Archibald Cox",
"Sonia Sotomayor",
"Reading",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
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"Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove",
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"Doctor of Philosophy",
"Black Lives Matter",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Boston",
"Special Relationship",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"University of Warwick",
"Ralph Northam",
"Dominican Republic",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
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"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
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"History of Poland",
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"Saint Anselm College",
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"Alfred Waterhouse",
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"Political positions of Susan Collins",
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"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
"Terry Sanford",
"United Kingdom",
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"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
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"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
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"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
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"New York (state)",
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"Joe Biden",
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"History of chemistry",
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"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
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"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
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"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
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"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
"University of Glasgow",
"Gerald Ford",
"Georgia State University",
"Sierra Leone",
"Union College",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
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"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
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"Slavery in ancient Rome",
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"Nawaz Sharif",
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"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
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"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
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"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
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"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
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"Richmond, Virginia",
"Norway",
"History of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"David Petraeus",
"History of medicine",
"Occidental College",
"Stuyvesant High School",
"Architecture of Seattle",
"Taiwan",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Valparaiso University",
"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Islamic terrorism",
"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
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"Trump administration family separation policy",
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"Lafayette College",
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"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
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"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
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"K-pop",
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"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
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"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
"Culture of Australia",
"Issues in higher education in the United States",
"Barranquilla",
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"Cincinnati",
"Anarchism in the United States",
"Glasgow",
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"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
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"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
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"History of American football",
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"Vietnam",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
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"Police brutality by country",
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"Cultural Revolution",
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"Tim Kaine",
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"Shimer Great Books School",
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"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
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"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
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"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
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"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
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"Chinese Filipino",
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"Albany, New York",
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"IIT Kharagpur",
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"Russia",
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"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Sigma Pi",
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"Wales",
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"Yerevan",
"Verner W. Clapp"
] |
572870b2ff5b5019007da225 | University of Chicago | {
"en": "In economics, notable Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences winners Milton Friedman, a major advisor to Republican U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Conservative British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, George Stigler, Nobel laureate and proponent of regulatory capture theory, Gary Becker, an important contributor to the family economics branch of economics, Herbert A. Simon, responsible for the modern interpretation of the concept of organizational decision-making, Paul Samuelson, the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, and Eugene Fama, known for his work on portfolio theory, asset pricing and stock market behaviour, are all graduates. American economist, social theorist, political philosopher, and author Thomas Sowell is also an alumnus.",
"hi": "अर्थशास्त्र में, आर्थिक विज्ञान के विजेताओं में उल्लेखनीय नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार विजेता मिल्टन फ्रीडमैन, रिपब्लिकन अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति और रूढ़िवादी ब्रिटिश प्रधानमंत्री मार्गरेट थैचर के एक प्रमुख सलाहकार रोनाल्ड रीगन, नोबेल पुरस्कार विजेता और नियामक कैप्चर सिद्धांत के प्रस्तावक जॉर्ज स्टिग्लर, गैरी बेकर, अर्थशास्त्र की परंपरागत आर्थिक शाखा के एक महत्वपूर्ण योगदानकर्ता, हर्बर्ट ए. साइमन, संगठनात्मक निर्णय लेने की अवधारणा की आधुनिक व्याख्या के जन्मदाता, पॉल सैमुएलसन, आर्थिक विज्ञान में नोबेल मेमोरियल पुरस्कार जीतने वाले पहले अमेरिकी, और यूजीन फामा, पोर्टफोलियो सिद्धांत, संपत्ति मूल्य निर्धारण और स्टॉक मार्केट व्यवहार पर अपने काम के लिए प्रसिद्ध हैं, सभी शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय से स्नातक हैं। अमेरिकी अर्थशास्त्री, सामाजिक सिद्धांतकार, राजनीतिक दार्शनिक और लेखक थॉमस सोवेल भी शिकागो विश्वविद्यालय के एक पूर्व छात्र हैं।"
} | {
"en": "What university alumni member was known for his work on portfolio theory?",
"hi": "क्या विश्वविद्यालय के पूर्व छात्र सदस्य को पोर्टफोलियो सिद्धांत पर अपने काम के लिए जाना जाता था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Eugene Fama"
],
"hi": [
"यूजीन फामा"
]
} | {
"en": [
568,
568,
568
],
"hi": [
541
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Americas.North America",
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"Cornell University",
"Columbia University",
"Brown University",
"Northwestern University",
"New York University",
"Georgetown University",
"Princeton University",
"Florida State University",
"Syracuse University",
"Dartmouth College fraternities and sororities",
"Michigan State University",
"Boston University",
"Duke University",
"Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
"Central Philippine University",
"University of Virginia",
"Rutgers University",
"Vanderbilt University",
"Washington University in St. Louis",
"Wake Forest University",
"University of California, Berkeley",
"Arizona State University",
"University of California, Los Angeles",
"Carnegie Mellon University",
"University of British Columbia",
"California Lutheran University",
"George Washington University",
"Italian Americans",
"McGill University",
"University of Wisconsin–Madison",
"University of Toronto",
"University of Miami",
"History of women in the United States",
"King's College London",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"University of California, San Diego",
"California Institute of Technology",
"California State University, Northridge",
"History of Australia",
"University of Pittsburgh",
"University of Texas at Dallas",
"Fordham University",
"History of the University of Chicago",
"Tufts University",
"Women in science",
"University of Delaware",
"University of California, Davis",
"Millennials",
"Collegiate secret societies in North America",
"Stanford University",
"Dartmouth College",
"University of Cambridge",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"University of Texas at Austin",
"Carleton University",
"Florida International University",
"Chicago",
"University of Chicago Law School",
"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute",
"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign",
"Purdue University",
"University of Oxford",
"Institutional racism",
"Emory University",
"University of Scranton buildings and landmarks",
"Washington State University",
"University of Florida",
"Indiana University Bloomington",
"University of South Florida",
"University of Rochester",
"Georgia Tech",
"McMaster University",
"London School of Economics",
"University of Alberta",
"Miami University",
"Stony Brook University",
"Durham University",
"Alpha Phi Alpha",
"History of Northwestern University",
"University of Oregon",
"Civil rights movement",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"University of Birmingham",
"Development communication",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"University at Albany, SUNY",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Colorado State University",
"Education in China",
"Johns Hopkins University",
"Bates College",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Bowling Green State University",
"History of Germany",
"University of Notre Dame",
"Ohio State University",
"University of California, Santa Cruz",
"University of Waterloo",
"West Virginia University",
"History of education in the United States",
"History of Western civilization",
"San Jose State University",
"University of Edinburgh",
"University of Massachusetts Boston",
"Vilnius",
"Utah State University",
"University of California, Irvine",
"Rice University",
"University College London",
"Manhattan Project",
"Camden, New Jersey",
"History of Detroit",
"Iowa State University",
"College of William & Mary",
"University of St Andrews",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"History of Missouri",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1965–present)",
"University of Colorado Boulder",
"Liberty University",
"New York Institute of Technology",
"Logology (science)",
"History of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"University of Mississippi",
"Italy",
"University of Alabama",
"Pittsburgh",
"Queen's University at Kingston",
"History of the United States",
"University of Washington",
"Washington & Jefferson College",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"New Deal",
"University of Nebraska–Lincoln",
"University of Sheffield",
"Mercer University",
"Louisiana Tech University",
"University of Maryland, Baltimore County",
"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Texas A&M University",
"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign",
"New Mexico",
"Medical school",
"History of socialism",
"Neoliberalism",
"Foreign relations of India",
"University of California",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Friedrich Hayek",
"Barack Obama",
"Lindenwood University",
"Donald Trump",
"University of Santo Tomas",
"Brigham Young University",
"Portugal",
"Education in the United States",
"Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
"Iloilo City",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action",
"Ivy League",
"Brandeis University",
"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
"Heidelberg University",
"University of North Alabama",
"Women in music",
"Greece",
"John F. Kennedy",
"Hillary Clinton",
"North Carolina A&T State University",
"Wesleyan University",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"Williams College",
"Bill Clinton",
"Trinity College Dublin",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"University of Houston",
"First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency",
"Virginia Tech",
"History of Guatemala",
"History of France",
"University of Ottawa",
"Steele dossier",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Joseph A. Panuska",
"Indianapolis",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
"University of Utah",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Loyola Marymount University",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Hispanic and Latino Americans",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"Detroit",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"Montana State University",
"University of Oklahoma",
"City College of New York",
"Washington and Lee University",
"University at Buffalo",
"United Russia",
"History of the United States government",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Clemson University",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Talcott Parsons",
"Israel",
"National University of San Marcos",
"Reed College",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Latin America",
"History of opera",
"History of the socialist movement in the United States",
"Virginia",
"University of Calgary",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Baltimore",
"Ohio Wesleyan University",
"Racism in the United States",
"Tartan",
"American Jews",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Culture of England",
"Illinois Institute of Technology",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"George W. Bush",
"University of Western Ontario",
"Illinois",
"Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election",
"China–United States relations",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"List of University of Minnesota fraternities and sororities",
"European Union law",
"England",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Progressive Era",
"History of science",
"Dartmouth College student groups",
"Austin, Texas",
"Political positions of Mitt Romney",
"Louisiana State University",
"Case Western Reserve University",
"United States Military Academy",
"Philadelphia",
"Marist College",
"Cold War",
"History of Durham University",
"University of Maryland, College Park",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Mitt Romney",
"History of Austria",
"Jimmy Carter",
"History of Cornell University",
"University of California, Riverside",
"Pomona College",
"Presidency of Joe Biden",
"Tsinghua University",
"Southern Illinois University Edwardsville",
"Boris Johnson",
"American frontier",
"Education in India",
"Pennsylvania State University",
"New York City",
"Havana",
"Rollins College",
"List of modern great powers",
"Ted Kennedy",
"Women in Islam",
"Hobart and William Smith Colleges",
"Delta Sigma Theta",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"Iran–United States relations",
"California State University, Los Angeles",
"African Americans",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Rochester Institute of Technology",
"Pakistan",
"University of Manchester",
"Post-presidency of Jimmy Carter",
"Higher education in the United States",
"Harry S. Truman",
"Marquette University",
"Socialism",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Reconstruction era",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Newark, New Jersey",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Bachelor's degree",
"Tulsa, Oklahoma",
"List of films considered the worst",
"Puerto Rico",
"Ohio University",
"Flint water crisis",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Mitch Daniels",
"Lithuania",
"African-American history",
"United States labor law",
"Psychology",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Catholic Church sexual abuse cases",
"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
"Texas",
"United States Naval Academy",
"North Carolina State University",
"University of Texas at San Antonio",
"Early history of American football",
"History of Paris",
"Robert F. Kennedy",
"Woodrow Wilson",
"Auburn University",
"Christian culture",
"Houston",
"New Orleans",
"History of the nude in art",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Missouri State University",
"Education in Haiti",
"Massachusetts",
"Bernie Sanders",
"Kent State University",
"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"San Francisco State University",
"University of Minnesota",
"Atlanta",
"Silliman University",
"Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"History of the Jews in the United States",
"University of Essex",
"Vladimir Putin",
"Mexico",
"SAT",
"University of Dayton",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Confucius Institutes",
"Dalhousie University",
"University of Victoria",
"Eastern Nazarene College",
"Project Y",
"John von Neumann",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"University of Sussex",
"Presidency of Barack Obama",
"San Diego State University",
"Ulysses S. Grant",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"History of Beijing",
"University of Wisconsin–La Crosse",
"Clark University",
"Sciences Po",
"Dallas",
"Enoch Powell",
"University of Bonn",
"University of Bristol",
"London",
"Oberlin College",
"Light in painting",
"San Francisco",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"Moscow",
"Education in South Korea",
"Facebook",
"Miscegenation",
"New Haven, Connecticut",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)",
"Fidel Castro",
"University of California, Santa Barbara",
"Iran",
"Texas Longhorns men's basketball",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"Trinity College, Toronto",
"Enrico Fermi",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"History of the Philippines",
"Louhelen Baháʼí School",
"Richard Nixon",
"Fraternities and sororities",
"China",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Walmart",
"Calgary",
"Toronto Metropolitan University",
"Phi Delta Theta",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"John McCain",
"History of Scotland",
"Jacksonville, Florida",
"University of Vermont",
"Salt Lake City",
"College of the Holy Cross",
"Women in government",
"Cleveland",
"Economy of the United States",
"Portland State University",
"France",
"List of General Hospital characters",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"University of Leeds",
"University of Melbourne",
"Swarthmore College",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"French Resistance",
"Trumpism",
"National Collegiate Athletic Association",
"University of North Texas",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Robert Byrd",
"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Fake news",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
"Irish Americans",
"Apartheid",
"Temple University",
"University of Massachusetts Amherst",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Labor history of the United States",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Culture of the United States",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Xi Jinping",
"Bangladesh",
"List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"University of Kentucky",
"Baby boomers",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1945–1949)",
"History of women in Puerto Rico",
"Economic policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"College football",
"University of Aberdeen",
"New Jersey",
"Israel–United States relations",
"Political positions of John McCain",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Clarence Thomas",
"American imperialism",
"History of the University of Texas at Arlington (1917–1965)",
"Stetson University",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"History of painting",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"Metropolitan Museum of Art",
"Moldova",
"Cesar Chavez",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"Jesse Helms",
"Political positions of Donald Trump",
"Incarceration in the United States",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Modern architecture",
"Nuclear program of Iran",
"Imperial examination",
"Chicago school of economics",
"Manhattan",
"Soviet Union",
"Sydney",
"Columbus, Ohio",
"Antioch College",
"George H. W. Bush",
"Bryna Productions",
"History of Nigeria",
"Bard College",
"University of Connecticut",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Robert McNamara",
"Catholic University of America",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World War II by country",
"Jewish culture",
"Archibald Cox",
"Sonia Sotomayor",
"Reading",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Political positions of Elizabeth Warren",
"Vietnam War",
"Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove",
"DePaul University",
"Doctor of Philosophy",
"Black Lives Matter",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Boston",
"Special Relationship",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"University of Warwick",
"Ralph Northam",
"Dominican Republic",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"George McGovern",
"European debt crisis",
"Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Jesse Jackson",
"East Carolina University",
"History of Poland",
"Burbank, California",
"Saint Anselm College",
"Goldman Sachs",
"Alfred Waterhouse",
"Tulane University",
"Political positions of Susan Collins",
"Southern Methodist University",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Minneapolis",
"Academic degree",
"Terry Sanford",
"United Kingdom",
"Southern Illinois University Carbondale",
"Mobile, Alabama",
"Scotland",
"Paris",
"Eleanor Roosevelt",
"North Korea",
"Virginia Commonwealth University",
"Upper Canada College",
"Television in the United States",
"Characters of Casualty",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Christopher Evans (outlaw)",
"Goucher College",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
"Janet Yellen",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"University of Arkansas",
"New York (state)",
"Florida Atlantic University",
"Charles Lindbergh",
"Joe Biden",
"Sociology",
"History of chemistry",
"South African labour law",
"Tampa, Florida",
"History of Speyer",
"Criticism of Amazon",
"University of East Anglia",
"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"Everett, Washington",
"Othram",
"Salisbury University",
"Serbia",
"Wikipedia",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms",
"Fox News",
"Ball State University",
"Phoenix, Arizona",
"Pennsylvania",
"Education reform",
"University of Glasgow",
"Gerald Ford",
"Georgia State University",
"Sierra Leone",
"Union College",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"History of the Republican Party (United States)",
"Briarcliff Manor, New York",
"Old Dominion University",
"Stevens Institute of Technology",
"René Vilatte",
"Midwestern United States",
"Norwich",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Harvard University",
"Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
"Omaha, Nebraska",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Memphis, Tennessee",
"Kazakhstan",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Joseph Lister",
"Political positions of Joe Biden",
"St. Louis",
"Twitter",
"History of Israel",
"Texas State University",
"Grand Valley State University",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Canada convoy protest",
"University of Arizona",
"South Korea",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"History of anthropology by country",
"University of Exeter",
"Carleton College",
"Spokane, Washington",
"Uyghur genocide",
"List of Mad Men characters",
"Quebec",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Black British people",
"Hawaii",
"University of the Philippines",
"History of East Texas State University",
"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"American Enterprise Institute",
"Nelson Mandela",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Alpha Kappa Alpha",
"Confederate States of America",
"Pope John Paul II",
"Albert Einstein",
"History of Indiana",
"Economy of China",
"List of master's degrees in North America",
"Nashville, Tennessee",
"Timișoara",
"Richmond, Virginia",
"Norway",
"History of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"David Petraeus",
"History of medicine",
"Occidental College",
"Stuyvesant High School",
"Architecture of Seattle",
"Taiwan",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"2000s",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of NCIS characters",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Valparaiso University",
"History of American newspapers",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Islamic terrorism",
"History of Washington & Jefferson College",
"Presidency of Richard Nixon",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"History of social democracy",
"Vermont",
"Chattanooga, Tennessee",
"Saudi Arabia",
"The Bronx",
"History of magic",
"Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Harold Wilson",
"California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo",
"Kris Kobach",
"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
"Rhodes College",
"Lafayette College",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"Toronto",
"California",
"Baylor University",
"WGN-TV",
"Southern United States",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"De La Salle University",
"Concordia University",
"Literacy",
"Turkey",
"Hungary",
"Emerson College",
"University of Virginia fraternities and sororities",
"Baltimore City College",
"K-pop",
"Singapore",
"Cherbourg",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"Anti-communism",
"David Cameron",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Madrid",
"University of Notre Dame residence halls",
"History of the United States (2008–present)",
"BP",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
"Economy of India",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Citizen Kane",
"Orson Welles",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Presidency of Woodrow Wilson",
"Tennessee",
"Roanoke College",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Centre College",
"History of United States prison systems",
"History of psychology",
"Bob Dylan",
"Portuguese people",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"History of private equity and venture capital",
"Reliability of Wikipedia",
"LGBT movements in the United States",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Jean Chrétien",
"Edward Aveling",
"Warren G. Harding",
"Unification Church",
"Culture of Australia",
"Issues in higher education in the United States",
"Barranquilla",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
"University of New Hampshire",
"Cincinnati",
"Anarchism in the United States",
"Glasgow",
"Religion in China",
"Polytechnic University of the Philippines",
"Frankston, Victoria",
"Hannah Arendt",
"Maryland",
"History of autism",
"Unite the Right rally",
"George W. Romney",
"St. Olaf College",
"Duquesne University",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"Counterculture of the 1960s",
"Bucknell University",
"Occupy movement",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"University of Queensland",
"Washington Heights, Manhattan",
"History of American football",
"Hubert Humphrey",
"Vietnam",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Jewish studies",
"University of Sydney",
"Jack Kemp",
"Michael Bloomberg",
"United States Air Force Academy",
"Brazil",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Herbert Hoover",
"Architecture of Finland",
"Modernism",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"Trinity Western University",
"Police brutality by country",
"Culture of Italy",
"Ireland",
"Campus of Stony Brook University",
"Kentucky",
"Cultural Revolution",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Tim Kaine",
"University of Manitoba",
"Shimer Great Books School",
"Birmingham",
"California State Polytechnic University, Pomona",
"Havana Plan Piloto",
"Duluth, Minnesota",
"Wichita, Kansas",
"Argentina",
"History of slavery",
"William Howard Taft",
"Hamas",
"Iraq War",
"1972 in the Vietnam War",
"Kettering University",
"History of California (1900–present)",
"Mao Zedong",
"Troy H. Middleton",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"George Soros",
"Berlin",
"Executive compensation in the United States",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Jerusalem",
"Great Depression",
"Well-being contributing factors",
"Loyola University New Orleans",
"University of Freiburg",
"Democratic Party (United States)",
"Thomas Jefferson",
"Indianapolis Museum of Art",
"Mexico City",
"Chris Christie",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement",
"Indiana",
"India–United States relations",
"British African-Caribbean people",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"German Americans",
"College admissions in the United States",
"History of radar",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
"University of the Philippines Diliman",
"John Ruskin",
"Napoleon III",
"Binghamton University",
"Lyndon LaRouche",
"Oklahoma",
"Nothing Records",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Beijing",
"Portland, Oregon",
"Transcendental Meditation movement",
"Ronald Reagan",
"Estonia",
"History of libraries",
"Noam Chomsky",
"Chile",
"Kamala Harris",
"Traditions and student activities at MIT",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Nigeria",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Imperial College London",
"Protestantism",
"Loyola University Chicago",
"History of North American fraternities and sororities",
"Chicano",
"Ku Klux Klan",
"American literature",
"Peking University",
"Muhammad Ali",
"Sweden",
"Huntington, West Virginia",
"Bill Cosby sexual assault cases",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"La Trobe University",
"Al Gore",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
"Steve Bannon",
"Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Carolina",
"W. E. B. Du Bois",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Higher education in Portugal",
"Sandinista National Liberation Front",
"Washington, D.C.",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
"Tucker Carlson",
"Switzerland",
"Simon Fraser University",
"United States Agency for International Development",
"Military history of Canada",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"Kerala",
"Drexel University",
"Egypt",
"September 11 attacks",
"Ethiopia",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"College and university rankings",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
"University of Louisville",
"History of the United States Space Force",
"BBC Television Shakespeare",
"Edward Snowden",
"Roe v. Wade",
"Howard University",
"Educational technology",
"Julius Nyerere",
"Sacramento, California",
"San Francisco Bay Area",
"Homelessness",
"Bob Jones University",
"Social media",
"Winston Churchill",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
"British Columbia",
"History of Virginia",
"Harold Hecht",
"Brooklyn",
"Alabama",
"Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University",
"Universities in the United Kingdom",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign",
"Scientology",
"Kenya",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Scott Pruitt",
"Soap Box Derby",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Venezuela",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Ohio",
"History of Oregon State Beavers football",
"Franz Boas",
"Bishop's College School",
"Victoria and Albert Museum",
"Criticism of Facebook",
"Harvard–Yale football rivalry",
"Brian Mulroney",
"Montana",
"Nancy Pelosi",
"Nanjing",
"Beyoncé",
"Milan",
"São Paulo",
"Desmond Tutu",
"History of Porto Alegre",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Lesbian",
"Economics",
"Mike Gravel",
"History of Jamaica",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
"Black Canadians",
"Pope Pius XII",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Chicago Pile-1",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Montevideo",
"David Lloyd George",
"WikiLeaks",
"Zimbabwe",
"Mihai Olos",
"Charles Rangel",
"Kansas City, Missouri",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Che Guevara",
"Denmark",
"Kent, Ohio",
"HBO",
"Abraham Lincoln",
"Blackpool",
"Edmonton",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Madrasa",
"École normale supérieure (Paris)",
"Main campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology",
"Knoxville, Tennessee",
"George Orwell",
"Thammasat University",
"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"University of Amsterdam",
"Albany, New York",
"James Madison University",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"History of the Internet",
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57286dfa2ca10214002da332 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Kublai's government faced financial difficulties after 1279. Wars and construction projects had drained the Mongol treasury. Efforts to raise and collect tax revenues were plagued by corruption and political scandals. Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems. Kublai's second invasion of Japan in 1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon. Kublai botched his campaigns against Annam, Champa, and Java, but won a Pyrrhic victory against Burma. The expeditions were hampered by disease, an inhospitable climate, and a tropical terrain unsuitable for the mounted warfare of the Mongols. The Tran dynasty which ruled Annam (Dai Viet) crushed and defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288). The Chinese region of Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan before they migrated under Trần Kinh (陳京, Chén Jīng) to Dai Viet and whose descendants established the Trần dynasty which ruled Vietnam Đại Việt, and certain members of the clan could still speak Chinese such as when a Yuan dynasty envoy had a meeting with the Chinese-speaking Trần prince Trần Quốc Tuấn (later King Trần Hưng Đạo) in 1282. Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song dynasty China like Zhao Zhong and Xu Zongdao fled to Tran dynasty ruled Vietnam after the Mongol invasion of the Song and they helped the Tran fight against the Mongol invasion. The Tran dynasty originated from the Fujian region of China as did the Daoist cleric Xu Zongdao who recorded the Mongol invasion and referred to them as \"Northern bandits\". Annam, Burma, and Champa recognized Mongol hegemony and established tributary relations with the Yuan dynasty.",
"hi": "कुबलाई की सरकार को 1279 के बाद वित्तीय कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा। युद्धों और निर्माण परियोजनाओं ने मंगोलिया खजाने को खाली कर दिया था। कर राजस्व बढ़ाने और एकत्र करने के प्रयास भ्रष्टाचार और राजनीतिक घोटालों से ग्रस्त थे। वित्तीय समस्याओं के पीछे सैन्य अभियानों का गलत इस्तेमाल हुआ। 1281 में जापान के कुबलई का दूसरा आक्रमण एक भयानक आंधी के कारण विफल रहा। कुबलाई ने अन्नम, चम्पा और जावा के खिलाफ अपने अभियानों में असफलता प्राप्त की, लेकिन बर्मा के खिलाफ एक ऐतिहासिक जीत हासिल की। अभियान में खराबी, एक दुर्गम जलवायु, और मंगोलों के घुड़सवार युद्ध के लिए उष्णकटिबंधीय इलाके में अनुपयुक्त थे। त्रान वंश जिसने अन्नम (दाई वायट) पर शासन किया उसने मंगोलों को बेच दांग की लड़ाई (1288) में कुचल दिया और हराया। फ़ुज़ियान के चीनी क्षेत्र में चीनी ट्रान (चेन) कबीले का मूल घर था, इससे पहले वे ट्रान किन्ह (陳京चेन जिंग) के तहत दाई वियतनाम में चले गए और उनके वंशजों ने ट्रान राजवंश की स्थापना की, जिसने वियतनाम दै विएट पर शासन किया, कबीले के कुछ लोग अभी भी चीनी बोल सकते थे उदाहरण के तौर पर जब एक युआन राजवंश दूत ने 1282 में चीनी-भाषी ट्रान राजकुमार ट्रान क्वॉक तुआन (लेटर किंग ट्रॉन हुआंग दाओ) के साथ एक बैठक की थी। प्रोफेसर लियाम केली ने कहा कि सांग के मंगोल आक्रमण के बाद चीन के सॉन्ग राजवंश से झोंग झोंग और ज़ू ज़ोंगडाओ के लोग वियतनाम में ट्रान राजवंश में भाग गए, और उन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण के खिलाफ ट्रान की लड़ाई में मदद की। ट्रान वंश की शुरुआत चीन के फुजियान क्षेत्र से हुई थी, जैसा कि डैओवादी धर्मगुरु जू ज़ोंगाडो ने बताया था, जिन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण को दर्ज किया और उन्हें \"उत्तरी डाकुओं\" के रूप में संदर्भित किया। अन्नम, बर्मा, और चंपा ने मंगोल आधिपत्य को मान्यता दी और युआन राजवंश के साथ सहायक संबंध स्थापित किए।"
} | {
"en": "When was Kublai's administration running out of money?",
"hi": "कुबलाई की सरकार को वित्तीय कठिनाइयों का सामना कब करना पड़ा?"
} | {
"en": [
"after 1279"
],
"hi": [
"1279"
]
} | {
"en": [
49,
49,
49
],
"hi": [
20
]
} | [
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"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
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"Hui people",
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"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
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"Mamluk Sultanate",
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] |
57286dfa2ca10214002da333 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Kublai's government faced financial difficulties after 1279. Wars and construction projects had drained the Mongol treasury. Efforts to raise and collect tax revenues were plagued by corruption and political scandals. Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems. Kublai's second invasion of Japan in 1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon. Kublai botched his campaigns against Annam, Champa, and Java, but won a Pyrrhic victory against Burma. The expeditions were hampered by disease, an inhospitable climate, and a tropical terrain unsuitable for the mounted warfare of the Mongols. The Tran dynasty which ruled Annam (Dai Viet) crushed and defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288). The Chinese region of Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan before they migrated under Trần Kinh (陳京, Chén Jīng) to Dai Viet and whose descendants established the Trần dynasty which ruled Vietnam Đại Việt, and certain members of the clan could still speak Chinese such as when a Yuan dynasty envoy had a meeting with the Chinese-speaking Trần prince Trần Quốc Tuấn (later King Trần Hưng Đạo) in 1282. Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song dynasty China like Zhao Zhong and Xu Zongdao fled to Tran dynasty ruled Vietnam after the Mongol invasion of the Song and they helped the Tran fight against the Mongol invasion. The Tran dynasty originated from the Fujian region of China as did the Daoist cleric Xu Zongdao who recorded the Mongol invasion and referred to them as \"Northern bandits\". Annam, Burma, and Champa recognized Mongol hegemony and established tributary relations with the Yuan dynasty.",
"hi": "कुबलाई की सरकार को 1279 के बाद वित्तीय कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा। युद्धों और निर्माण परियोजनाओं ने मंगोलिया खजाने को खाली कर दिया था। कर राजस्व बढ़ाने और एकत्र करने के प्रयास भ्रष्टाचार और राजनीतिक घोटालों से ग्रस्त थे। वित्तीय समस्याओं के पीछे सैन्य अभियानों का गलत इस्तेमाल हुआ। 1281 में जापान के कुबलई का दूसरा आक्रमण एक भयानक आंधी के कारण विफल रहा। कुबलाई ने अन्नम, चम्पा और जावा के खिलाफ अपने अभियानों में असफलता प्राप्त की, लेकिन बर्मा के खिलाफ एक ऐतिहासिक जीत हासिल की। अभियान में खराबी, एक दुर्गम जलवायु, और मंगोलों के घुड़सवार युद्ध के लिए उष्णकटिबंधीय इलाके में अनुपयुक्त थे। त्रान वंश जिसने अन्नम (दाई वायट) पर शासन किया उसने मंगोलों को बेच दांग की लड़ाई (1288) में कुचल दिया और हराया। फ़ुज़ियान के चीनी क्षेत्र में चीनी ट्रान (चेन) कबीले का मूल घर था, इससे पहले वे ट्रान किन्ह (陳京चेन जिंग) के तहत दाई वियतनाम में चले गए और उनके वंशजों ने ट्रान राजवंश की स्थापना की, जिसने वियतनाम दै विएट पर शासन किया, कबीले के कुछ लोग अभी भी चीनी बोल सकते थे उदाहरण के तौर पर जब एक युआन राजवंश दूत ने 1282 में चीनी-भाषी ट्रान राजकुमार ट्रान क्वॉक तुआन (लेटर किंग ट्रॉन हुआंग दाओ) के साथ एक बैठक की थी। प्रोफेसर लियाम केली ने कहा कि सांग के मंगोल आक्रमण के बाद चीन के सॉन्ग राजवंश से झोंग झोंग और ज़ू ज़ोंगडाओ के लोग वियतनाम में ट्रान राजवंश में भाग गए, और उन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण के खिलाफ ट्रान की लड़ाई में मदद की। ट्रान वंश की शुरुआत चीन के फुजियान क्षेत्र से हुई थी, जैसा कि डैओवादी धर्मगुरु जू ज़ोंगाडो ने बताया था, जिन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण को दर्ज किया और उन्हें \"उत्तरी डाकुओं\" के रूप में संदर्भित किया। अन्नम, बर्मा, और चंपा ने मंगोल आधिपत्य को मान्यता दी और युआन राजवंश के साथ सहायक संबंध स्थापित किए।"
} | {
"en": "What interfered with Kublai's second invasion of Japan?",
"hi": "कुबलाई के जापान के दूसरे आक्रमण में क्या हस्तक्षेप हुआ?"
} | {
"en": [
"an inauspicious typhoon"
],
"hi": [
"भयानक आंधी"
]
} | {
"en": [
343,
346,
346
],
"hi": [
328
]
} | [
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"History and Society.History"
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"Mongol Empire",
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"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
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"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
"Administration of territory in dynastic China",
"Persecution of Muslims",
"Religion in the Mongol Empire",
"Society of the Mongol Empire",
"China",
"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
"History of Palestine",
"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
"History of gunpowder",
"Đại Việt",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Foreign relations of imperial China",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Mongol invasions of Vietnam",
"Cao Cao",
"History of Sino–Korean relations",
"History of the Philippines",
"Möngke Khan",
"Joseon",
"Nguyễn dynasty",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Beijing",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Wu Zetian",
"History of Iran",
"History of France",
"Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)",
"Hongwu Emperor",
"Safavid Iran",
"History of Tunisia",
"Taiwanese indigenous peoples",
"Han Chinese",
"Taoism",
"History of Australia",
"Tây Sơn wars",
"Chinese culture",
"Political history of the world",
"Middle Ages",
"History of Tibet",
"Hoa people",
"Military of the Yuan dynasty",
"Qianlong Emperor",
"Society and culture of the Han dynasty",
"Islam during the Ming dynasty",
"Crusader states",
"Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Interracial marriage",
"Imperial Preceptor",
"Western Xia",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Sasanian Empire",
"Military of the Goryeo Dynasty",
"Mongolia",
"History of Korea",
"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
"Three Kingdoms",
"Balhae",
"Goryeo under Mongol rule",
"Age of Discovery",
"Ottoman Empire",
"Silk Road",
"History of the Kuomintang",
"Zhuge Liang",
"Chiang Kai-shek",
"Islam during the Yuan dynasty",
"Sima Yi",
"Northern and Southern dynasties",
"History of the Assyrians",
"Xinjiang under Qing rule",
"Empire",
"Nanjing",
"Taiwan",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Wu Ding",
"Uyghurs",
"History of India",
"History of Poland",
"Sogdia",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Lê dynasty",
"Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of slavery",
"Social structure of China",
"Military history of Japan",
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"History of Lithuania",
"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Europe",
"Institutional racism",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Xiongnu",
"China–Iran relations",
"Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399",
"Yunnan",
"Inner Mongolia",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"History of cartography",
"Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of Russia",
"Mao Zedong",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"History of Buddhism",
"Ming treasure voyages",
"Chinese noble titles in the imperial period",
"World War II by country",
"Marco Polo",
"Cultural Revolution",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Russian Empire",
"Serbia in the Middle Ages",
"Second Sino-Japanese War",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Eastern esotericism",
"History of Speyer",
"Franco-Mongol alliance",
"Europeans in Medieval China",
"History of Japan",
"Emperor Wu of Han",
"North Korea",
"Chinese folk religion",
"Southern Tang",
"Eunuchs in China",
"Human history",
"Imperial Roman army",
"History of Transylvania",
"Chinese mythology",
"Shunzhi Emperor",
"Fall of Outremer",
"Liu Bei",
"Abbasid Caliphate",
"History of the Byzantine Empire",
"Ancient Rome",
"Early modern period",
"Dungan Revolt (1862–1877)",
"History of the Uyghur people",
"Sino-Roman relations",
"Iran",
"Turkic peoples",
"Yan Xishan",
"History of Bangladesh",
"Korea",
"French Indochina",
"History of Algeria",
"Upheaval of the Five Barbarians",
"Tartan",
"Shen Kuo",
"Development communication",
"Division of the Mongol Empire",
"Roman Empire",
"Latin America",
"First Opium War",
"Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency",
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"Puyi",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Xuande Emperor",
"List of ancient great powers",
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"Cumans",
"Ilkhanate",
"Hellenistic period",
"Samurai",
"History of Israel",
"De-Sinicization",
"History of Guatemala",
"Science and technology of the Song dynasty",
"Military of the Qing dynasty",
"Chagatai Khanate",
"Foreign relations of India",
"History of the United States",
"Names of China",
"Confederate States of America",
"History of painting",
"South Korea",
"Afghanistan",
"History of Malaysia",
"Italy",
"Portugal",
"Champa",
"History of printing",
"Manchukuo",
"History of Spain",
"Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)",
"Qianzhuang",
"Ancient Carthage",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Greece",
"Chinese ceramics",
"Kingdom of Jerusalem",
"History of Nigeria",
"Christianity in China",
"Trần dynasty",
"Kuomintang",
"History of science",
"Military history of Myanmar",
"Pagan Kingdom",
"Tibetan Buddhism",
"Yongzheng Emperor",
"History of Central Asia",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"History of Manchuria",
"Ibn Taymiyya",
"Cold War",
"History of Scotland",
"Xinjiang",
"Anarchism in China",
"History of women in the United States",
"History of Zakynthos",
"American frontier",
"Women in Islam",
"Classical Anatolia",
"Four occupations",
"Paper money of the Qing dynasty",
"History of Afghanistan",
"Jurchen people",
"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"Chinese garden",
"Scythians",
"Science and technology of the Han dynasty",
"Chenghua Emperor",
"International relations (1814–1919)",
"Xi Jinping",
"Tibet",
"Systems of social stratification",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Ayyubid dynasty",
"History of Tibetan Buddhism",
"Reformation",
"Joseph Stalin",
"History of Tyre, Lebanon",
"An Lushan rebellion",
"Confucianism",
"Boxer Rebellion",
"Yemen",
"History of socialism",
"Arabs",
"Lao rebellion (1826–1828)",
"First Sino-Japanese War",
"Monguor people",
"Spanish Empire",
"Pakistan",
"History of Missouri",
"Zhuang people",
"Emperor Taizong of Tang",
"Vietnam",
"Slavery",
"Ghazan",
"Mongolia under Qing rule",
"History of Shinto",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Joseon Army",
"Islamic architecture",
"Nazi racial theories",
"Goguryeo",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"History of Chechnya",
"Religion in the Song dynasty",
"Ögedei Khan",
"History of the Roman Empire",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"History of the Republic of China",
"Thailand",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"History of Cumbria",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Qing dynasty coinage",
"Reconstruction era",
"History of Azerbaijan",
"Muslim conquests of Afghanistan",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Yongle Emperor",
"Mexican Revolution",
"Charles George Gordon",
"Beijing city fortifications",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"Chinese literature",
"Kalmyks",
"Economy of the Song dynasty",
"Bangladesh",
"History of Mexico",
"Northern Wei",
"Confucius",
"Uyghur genocide",
"First Bulgarian Empire",
"Chinese Indonesians",
"Kaidu",
"History of medicine",
"History of England",
"History of literature",
"Soviet Union",
"Srivijaya",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Kazakhstan",
"Ancient Egypt",
"Western imperialism in Asia",
"History of Basilan",
"Akbar",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Vilnius",
"Government of the Han dynasty",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Axis powers",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"French Directory",
"Self-Strengthening Movement",
"History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia",
"Cossacks",
"Achaemenid Empire",
"British Raj",
"Scotland in the early modern period",
"Military of the Han dynasty",
"Byzantine navy",
"History of Paris",
"Fatimid Caliphate",
"Traditional Chinese medicine",
"Zhu Wen",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Freedom of religion in Asia by country",
"China–United States relations",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"Fidel Castro",
"Riau Islands",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Tibet under Qing rule",
"History of Thailand",
"French Resistance",
"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
"History of Italy",
"Persecution of Buddhists",
"History of Uzbekistan",
"History of Christianity",
"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
"Human rights in China",
"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
"Kerala",
"France in the Middle Ages",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"First Mongol invasion of Burma",
"Colonial history of the United States",
"Women in ancient and imperial China",
"History of libraries",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"Hungary",
"Assyria",
"Urfa",
"Oirats",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Crusades",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of Kyrgyzstan",
"Thracian religion",
"History of Albania",
"List of book-burning incidents",
"Egypt",
"Sierra Leone",
"Delhi Sultanate",
"Subutai",
"Chinese astronomy",
"Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan",
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"Pax Mongolica",
"Holy Roman Empire",
"South African Border War",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"China–India relations",
"Detribalization",
"Iraq",
"History of Detroit",
"Western Roman Empire",
"Anti-Chinese sentiment",
"Emperor Xuanzong of Tang",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Lithuania",
"Myanmar",
"Economic history of Japan",
"Roman Republic",
"History of Portugal",
"Mongol invasion of Europe",
"History of Ghana",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
"Somalia",
"History of science and technology in China",
"Napoleon III",
"Dominican Republic",
"Culture of the Song dynasty",
"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
"History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant",
"Late Roman army",
"Chinese mathematics",
"Chan Buddhism",
"History of the United States government",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Great Game",
"Berbers",
"History of West Africa",
"Empress Dowager Cixi",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of country-name etymologies",
"Roman Egypt",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Turkey",
"Early Middle Ages",
"New Deal",
"Vietnam War",
"Macedonia (ancient kingdom)",
"Regency of Algiers",
"Early Muslim conquests",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"France",
"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
"Iranian Revolution",
"Millennials",
"Light in painting",
"Kingdom of Galicia",
"Iloilo City",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"Sharia",
"Guan Yu",
"Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire",
"Military of the Ming dynasty",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Wahhabism",
"Human cannibalism",
"Khazars",
"1340s",
"Zhangjiakou",
"History of Belgium",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"History of Morocco",
"Catherine the Great",
"European Union law",
"History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance",
"Alexander the Great",
"Dynasties of China",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Fashion in the Yuan dynasty",
"Empire of Japan",
"Korea under Japanese rule",
"History of Georgia (country)",
"Hua–Yi distinction",
"Piracy",
"Falun Gong",
"Qocho",
"Mongol invasions of Korea",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Chinese Esoteric Buddhism",
"Syria",
"Civil rights movement",
"Taiping Rebellion",
"Islamic terrorism",
"List of Fables characters",
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"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"Yuan dynasty coinage",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Nanzhao",
"Nomadic empire",
"Economic history of France",
"Cambodia",
"Chinese painting",
"Second Bulgarian Empire",
"Nepal",
"Socialism",
"Sichuan",
"Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate",
"Louis XIV",
"Ethiopia",
"Economy of the Han dynasty",
"Indo-Greek Kingdom",
"Late modern period",
"Parthian Empire",
"Xiamen",
"Apartheid",
"Moldova",
"Korean nationalist historiography",
"History of the Khitans",
"Edo period",
"Tusi",
"Fascism and ideology",
"Aztecs",
"Benito Mussolini",
"Peng Dehuai",
"Egyptians",
"Ulysses S. Grant",
"Emperor Gaozong of Tang",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula",
"Christian culture",
"Great Divergence",
"Portrait painting",
"History of Pakistan",
"History of Virginia",
"Spanish Civil War",
"History of magic",
"Migration in China",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Education in China",
"Mughal Empire",
"History of education",
"Wars of the Roses",
"Japanese war crimes",
"Buddhist art",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Uzbeks",
"Foreign relations of Tibet",
"Islamic fundamentalism in Iran",
"Li Jing (Southern Tang)",
"Battle of Xiangyang",
"Taiwan under Qing rule",
"England",
"Enoch Powell",
"List of state leaders in the 14th century",
"Louis XV",
"Madrasa",
"Italian Americans",
"History of Málaga",
"Puerto Rico",
"Chinese expansionism",
"Marxism–Leninism",
"Naval warfare",
"Aurangzeb",
"Genocides in history (before World War I)",
"Architecture of India",
"History of Poland (1939–1945)",
"Umayyad Caliphate",
"Deng Xiaoping",
"Hanbok",
"History of the Joseon dynasty",
"Salt in Chinese history",
"Shia–Sunni divide",
"Islam in India",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Toluid Civil War",
"American Civil War",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
"History of opera",
"Quanzhou",
"Fujian",
"American imperialism",
"United Russia",
"History of lute-family instruments",
"Europe",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Mexico",
"Mataram Kingdom",
"Church of the East",
"England in the Late Middle Ages",
"Napoleon",
"Pure Land Buddhism",
"Han–Xiongnu War",
"Women's rights",
"Racism in the United States",
"History of Indonesia",
"Greek War of Independence",
"History of Cuba",
"Diplomatic history of World War II",
"New Mexico",
"Pahang",
"Qizhuang",
"Kashmir conflict",
"History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Shanxi",
"First Toungoo Empire",
"Southeast Asia",
"Middle kingdoms of India",
"History of Lebanon",
"History of the Jews in China",
"Maya civilization",
"Korean War",
"History of slavery in the Muslim world",
"South African labour law",
"Barbarian",
"Amin al-Husseini",
"Kingdom of Italy",
"Roman imperial cult",
"Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor",
"History of Hinduism",
"Russia",
"Prussian Union of Churches",
"Sexuality in ancient Rome",
"Frisian freedom",
"History of Paraguay",
"Iran–United States relations",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)",
"War of the Eight Princes",
"Taiwan under Japanese rule",
"Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period",
"Maximilien Robespierre",
"Andreas Hillgruber",
"History of Myanmar",
"Kangxi Emperor",
"First Stadtholderless Period",
"Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire",
"Malaysian Chinese",
"Buddhism",
"History of the Middle East",
"African military systems before 1800",
"Religion in ancient Rome",
"History of agriculture in China",
"Yue Fei",
"Maritime history",
"Habsburg Spain",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"Wales",
"Military history of Canada",
"List of rebellions in China",
"Mongol invasions of Tibet",
"Erwin Rommel",
"Ottoman architecture",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
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"Sweden",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Ketuanan Melayu",
"Kingdom of Tungning",
"Sabah",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anti-Comintern Pact",
"Harem",
"Empire of Brazil",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"War of 1812",
"History of Sikhism",
"History of monarchy in the United Kingdom",
"Legalism (Chinese philosophy)",
"Salafi movement",
"Manichaeism",
"Lu Xun (Eastern Wu)",
"History of United States prison systems",
"Otto von Bismarck",
"Chinese nationalism",
"Military history",
"Sephardic Jews",
"Pol Pot",
"Economy of China",
"International relations (1648–1814)",
"Jewish history",
"Spanish Inquisition",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Al-Andalus",
"Tibetan sovereignty debate",
"French Third Republic",
"Diplomatic history of World War I",
"Valentinianic dynasty",
"Tengrism",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Zhang Heng",
"Mongol invasions and conquests",
"Charlemagne",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty",
"Historikerstreit",
"Chiapas",
"Monkeys in Chinese culture",
"Imperialism",
"Wuhan",
"Vladimir Putin",
"African-American history",
"American Revolutionary War",
"Islamic art",
"Christianity",
"List of Shaman King characters",
"Bengal",
"Central Asia",
"Sinicization",
"Emirate of Granada",
"History of Southeast Asia",
"Racism",
"Rashid Rida",
"Scotland",
"Uzbekistan",
"Genocide of Indigenous peoples",
"Ethiopian historiography",
"Nationalism",
"John, King of England",
"Mercenary",
"Georgia (country)",
"Farouk of Egypt",
"German Empire",
"Muhammad",
"Sanskrit",
"Transformation of the Ottoman Empire",
"Indian Rebellion of 1857",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Rashidun Caliphate",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
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"Papua (province)",
"Freedom of religion in Europe by country",
"Demographic history of Macedonia",
"Progressive Era",
"Henry II of England",
"Polish–Soviet War",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Serbia",
"Guangzhou",
"Middle Assyrian Empire",
"History of Asian art",
"Colonial Nigeria",
"History of Ethiopia",
"Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"14th Dalai Lama",
"Manchuria",
"Spain",
"Economy of East Asia",
"History of Punjab",
"History of Slovakia",
"Malays (ethnic group)",
"Qing dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Indian independence movement",
"History of Rio Grande do Sul",
"Wang Mang",
"Seal (East Asia)",
"World War I",
"French Revolution",
"Nigerian Civil War",
"Diocletian",
"History of Sierra Leone",
"Moorish architecture",
"History of liberalism",
"Bondelswarts Rebellion",
"Marriage",
"Jesuits",
"Royal intermarriage",
"Hong Taiji",
"Seventh Crusade",
"Emperor Wu of Liang",
"Islamic Golden Age",
"History of Somalia",
"Armies in the American Civil War",
"History of the Jews in Iraq",
"History of mathematics",
"History of Chinese cuisine",
"Jiang Wei",
"History of Rome",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"Cold War (1953–1962)",
"Fake news",
"Christianity in Asia",
"Ferdinand I of Naples",
"Slavery in medieval Europe",
"Constantine the Great",
"Vladimir Lenin",
"Mexican–American War",
"Ancient Chinese coinage",
"History of geography",
"Qara Khitai",
"Conquistador",
"Foreign relations of China",
"Grand Canal (China)",
"Ukraine",
"Anti-communism",
"Andalusia",
"Alauddin Khalji",
"Zhejiang",
"Eighth Crusade",
"History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel",
"Palmyra",
"Yellow Peril",
"Sardinian language",
"Glossary of ancient Roman religion",
"Hagia Sophia",
"Economic history of Mexico",
"History of South India",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"Sudan",
"Campaign history of the Roman military",
"Haiti",
"Japanese art",
"First Indochina War",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"Tondo (historical polity)",
"Nigeria",
"History of Catalonia",
"Military history of the Jin dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms",
"Aleppo",
"Samarkand",
"History of Croatia",
"Music of China",
"Literacy",
"Indo-European migrations",
"Ptolemaic Kingdom",
"Kunming",
"History of printing in East Asia",
"Habib Bourguiba",
"Religious persecution",
"Persecution of Hindus",
"Mu'awiya I",
"Maritime history of California",
"Chinese Singaporeans",
"Constantine XI Palaiologos",
"Nicholas II of Russia",
"Emperor of China",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Ngo Dinh Diem",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"Jordan",
"Ibn Battuta",
"History of the Dominican Republic",
"Dutch Formosa",
"Suez Crisis",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"Singapore",
"Sixteen Kingdoms",
"Sarawak",
"List of state leaders in the 13th century",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"Nazi Germany",
"Julius Nyerere",
"Sculpture",
"Norway",
"Azerbaijan",
"Henry III of England",
"German colonial empire",
"House of Loredan",
"History of Jamaica",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Albania",
"Kenya",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"Kingdom of Chiang Mai",
"Company rule in India",
"Buddhism in Thailand",
"History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China",
"Hamas",
"Druze",
"Women in government",
"Hoodoo (spirituality)",
"Gamal Abdel Nasser",
"History of American newspapers",
"Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war",
"Catholic Church",
"Jerusalem",
"Algerian War",
"History of the Catholic Church",
"Nikita Khrushchev",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
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"Gia Long",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
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"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
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"Buddhism in Myanmar",
"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism",
"History of Denmark",
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"Assyrian people",
"Historiography",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Warlord Era",
"History of Siberia",
"German resistance to Nazism",
"Catalonia",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"Jinan",
"Houston Stewart Chamberlain",
"Eastern Bloc",
"George Washington",
"Estonia",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"Indira Gandhi",
"Al-Mu'tasim",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Trajan",
"Military history of the Russian Empire",
"Fédon's rebellion",
"Medieval and early modern Africa",
"Hugo Chávez",
"History of Ireland",
"Baota District",
"Havana",
"Persian art",
"Bayan of the Baarin",
"Bayinnaung",
"Government of the Qing dynasty",
"History of Finland",
"Order of Assassins",
"Spanish conquest of Honduras",
"Caliphate",
"Armenia",
"Lebanon",
"Mongol invasions of Japan",
"History of Indiana",
"Women in science",
"Bolesław III Wrymouth",
"British Empire",
"History of Wahhabism",
"History of Bulgaria",
"End of the Han dynasty",
"History of education in the United States",
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"LGBT history",
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"Chetniks",
"Russification of Ukraine",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Military history of South America",
"Cash (Chinese coin)",
"Unification of Germany",
"Augustus",
"Chinese characters",
"Cham Albanians",
"Reconquista",
"Police",
"History of the Jews in Spain",
"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
"Bulgarian Turks",
"Appanage",
"Contract",
"Forced conversion",
"List of Discworld characters",
"Culture of Asia",
"Ming Great Wall",
"Gunpowder weapons in the Ming dynasty",
"Hakka people",
"Empress Myeongseong"
] |
57286dfa2ca10214002da334 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Kublai's government faced financial difficulties after 1279. Wars and construction projects had drained the Mongol treasury. Efforts to raise and collect tax revenues were plagued by corruption and political scandals. Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems. Kublai's second invasion of Japan in 1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon. Kublai botched his campaigns against Annam, Champa, and Java, but won a Pyrrhic victory against Burma. The expeditions were hampered by disease, an inhospitable climate, and a tropical terrain unsuitable for the mounted warfare of the Mongols. The Tran dynasty which ruled Annam (Dai Viet) crushed and defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288). The Chinese region of Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan before they migrated under Trần Kinh (陳京, Chén Jīng) to Dai Viet and whose descendants established the Trần dynasty which ruled Vietnam Đại Việt, and certain members of the clan could still speak Chinese such as when a Yuan dynasty envoy had a meeting with the Chinese-speaking Trần prince Trần Quốc Tuấn (later King Trần Hưng Đạo) in 1282. Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song dynasty China like Zhao Zhong and Xu Zongdao fled to Tran dynasty ruled Vietnam after the Mongol invasion of the Song and they helped the Tran fight against the Mongol invasion. The Tran dynasty originated from the Fujian region of China as did the Daoist cleric Xu Zongdao who recorded the Mongol invasion and referred to them as \"Northern bandits\". Annam, Burma, and Champa recognized Mongol hegemony and established tributary relations with the Yuan dynasty.",
"hi": "कुबलाई की सरकार को 1279 के बाद वित्तीय कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा। युद्धों और निर्माण परियोजनाओं ने मंगोलिया खजाने को खाली कर दिया था। कर राजस्व बढ़ाने और एकत्र करने के प्रयास भ्रष्टाचार और राजनीतिक घोटालों से ग्रस्त थे। वित्तीय समस्याओं के पीछे सैन्य अभियानों का गलत इस्तेमाल हुआ। 1281 में जापान के कुबलई का दूसरा आक्रमण एक भयानक आंधी के कारण विफल रहा। कुबलाई ने अन्नम, चम्पा और जावा के खिलाफ अपने अभियानों में असफलता प्राप्त की, लेकिन बर्मा के खिलाफ एक ऐतिहासिक जीत हासिल की। अभियान में खराबी, एक दुर्गम जलवायु, और मंगोलों के घुड़सवार युद्ध के लिए उष्णकटिबंधीय इलाके में अनुपयुक्त थे। त्रान वंश जिसने अन्नम (दाई वायट) पर शासन किया उसने मंगोलों को बेच दांग की लड़ाई (1288) में कुचल दिया और हराया। फ़ुज़ियान के चीनी क्षेत्र में चीनी ट्रान (चेन) कबीले का मूल घर था, इससे पहले वे ट्रान किन्ह (陳京चेन जिंग) के तहत दाई वियतनाम में चले गए और उनके वंशजों ने ट्रान राजवंश की स्थापना की, जिसने वियतनाम दै विएट पर शासन किया, कबीले के कुछ लोग अभी भी चीनी बोल सकते थे उदाहरण के तौर पर जब एक युआन राजवंश दूत ने 1282 में चीनी-भाषी ट्रान राजकुमार ट्रान क्वॉक तुआन (लेटर किंग ट्रॉन हुआंग दाओ) के साथ एक बैठक की थी। प्रोफेसर लियाम केली ने कहा कि सांग के मंगोल आक्रमण के बाद चीन के सॉन्ग राजवंश से झोंग झोंग और ज़ू ज़ोंगडाओ के लोग वियतनाम में ट्रान राजवंश में भाग गए, और उन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण के खिलाफ ट्रान की लड़ाई में मदद की। ट्रान वंश की शुरुआत चीन के फुजियान क्षेत्र से हुई थी, जैसा कि डैओवादी धर्मगुरु जू ज़ोंगाडो ने बताया था, जिन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण को दर्ज किया और उन्हें \"उत्तरी डाकुओं\" के रूप में संदर्भित किया। अन्नम, बर्मा, और चंपा ने मंगोल आधिपत्य को मान्यता दी और युआन राजवंश के साथ सहायक संबंध स्थापित किए।"
} | {
"en": "Where did the Tran dynasty rule?",
"hi": "ट्रान वंश का शासन कहाँ था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Annam (Dai Viet)"
],
"hi": [
"अन्नम"
]
} | {
"en": [
641,
641,
641
],
"hi": [
606
]
} | [
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"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
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"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
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] |
57286dfa2ca10214002da335 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Kublai's government faced financial difficulties after 1279. Wars and construction projects had drained the Mongol treasury. Efforts to raise and collect tax revenues were plagued by corruption and political scandals. Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems. Kublai's second invasion of Japan in 1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon. Kublai botched his campaigns against Annam, Champa, and Java, but won a Pyrrhic victory against Burma. The expeditions were hampered by disease, an inhospitable climate, and a tropical terrain unsuitable for the mounted warfare of the Mongols. The Tran dynasty which ruled Annam (Dai Viet) crushed and defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288). The Chinese region of Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan before they migrated under Trần Kinh (陳京, Chén Jīng) to Dai Viet and whose descendants established the Trần dynasty which ruled Vietnam Đại Việt, and certain members of the clan could still speak Chinese such as when a Yuan dynasty envoy had a meeting with the Chinese-speaking Trần prince Trần Quốc Tuấn (later King Trần Hưng Đạo) in 1282. Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song dynasty China like Zhao Zhong and Xu Zongdao fled to Tran dynasty ruled Vietnam after the Mongol invasion of the Song and they helped the Tran fight against the Mongol invasion. The Tran dynasty originated from the Fujian region of China as did the Daoist cleric Xu Zongdao who recorded the Mongol invasion and referred to them as \"Northern bandits\". Annam, Burma, and Champa recognized Mongol hegemony and established tributary relations with the Yuan dynasty.",
"hi": "कुबलाई की सरकार को 1279 के बाद वित्तीय कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा। युद्धों और निर्माण परियोजनाओं ने मंगोलिया खजाने को खाली कर दिया था। कर राजस्व बढ़ाने और एकत्र करने के प्रयास भ्रष्टाचार और राजनीतिक घोटालों से ग्रस्त थे। वित्तीय समस्याओं के पीछे सैन्य अभियानों का गलत इस्तेमाल हुआ। 1281 में जापान के कुबलई का दूसरा आक्रमण एक भयानक आंधी के कारण विफल रहा। कुबलाई ने अन्नम, चम्पा और जावा के खिलाफ अपने अभियानों में असफलता प्राप्त की, लेकिन बर्मा के खिलाफ एक ऐतिहासिक जीत हासिल की। अभियान में खराबी, एक दुर्गम जलवायु, और मंगोलों के घुड़सवार युद्ध के लिए उष्णकटिबंधीय इलाके में अनुपयुक्त थे। त्रान वंश जिसने अन्नम (दाई वायट) पर शासन किया उसने मंगोलों को बेच दांग की लड़ाई (1288) में कुचल दिया और हराया। फ़ुज़ियान के चीनी क्षेत्र में चीनी ट्रान (चेन) कबीले का मूल घर था, इससे पहले वे ट्रान किन्ह (陳京चेन जिंग) के तहत दाई वियतनाम में चले गए और उनके वंशजों ने ट्रान राजवंश की स्थापना की, जिसने वियतनाम दै विएट पर शासन किया, कबीले के कुछ लोग अभी भी चीनी बोल सकते थे उदाहरण के तौर पर जब एक युआन राजवंश दूत ने 1282 में चीनी-भाषी ट्रान राजकुमार ट्रान क्वॉक तुआन (लेटर किंग ट्रॉन हुआंग दाओ) के साथ एक बैठक की थी। प्रोफेसर लियाम केली ने कहा कि सांग के मंगोल आक्रमण के बाद चीन के सॉन्ग राजवंश से झोंग झोंग और ज़ू ज़ोंगडाओ के लोग वियतनाम में ट्रान राजवंश में भाग गए, और उन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण के खिलाफ ट्रान की लड़ाई में मदद की। ट्रान वंश की शुरुआत चीन के फुजियान क्षेत्र से हुई थी, जैसा कि डैओवादी धर्मगुरु जू ज़ोंगाडो ने बताया था, जिन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण को दर्ज किया और उन्हें \"उत्तरी डाकुओं\" के रूप में संदर्भित किया। अन्नम, बर्मा, और चंपा ने मंगोल आधिपत्य को मान्यता दी और युआन राजवंश के साथ सहायक संबंध स्थापित किए।"
} | {
"en": "In what battle were the Mongols defeated by the Tran?",
"hi": "ट्रान ने मंगोलों को किस लड़ाई में हराया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Battle of Bạch Đằng"
],
"hi": [
"बेच दांग की लड़ाई"
]
} | {
"en": [
698,
698,
694
],
"hi": [
652
]
} | [
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"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"History of Iran",
"History of France",
"Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)",
"Hongwu Emperor",
"Safavid Iran",
"History of Tunisia",
"Taiwanese indigenous peoples",
"Han Chinese",
"Taoism",
"History of Australia",
"Tây Sơn wars",
"Chinese culture",
"Political history of the world",
"Middle Ages",
"History of Tibet",
"Hoa people",
"Military of the Yuan dynasty",
"Qianlong Emperor",
"Society and culture of the Han dynasty",
"Islam during the Ming dynasty",
"Crusader states",
"Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Interracial marriage",
"Imperial Preceptor",
"Western Xia",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Sasanian Empire",
"Military of the Goryeo Dynasty",
"Mongolia",
"History of Korea",
"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
"Three Kingdoms",
"Balhae",
"Goryeo under Mongol rule",
"Age of Discovery",
"Ottoman Empire",
"Silk Road",
"History of the Kuomintang",
"Zhuge Liang",
"Chiang Kai-shek",
"Islam during the Yuan dynasty",
"Sima Yi",
"Northern and Southern dynasties",
"History of the Assyrians",
"Xinjiang under Qing rule",
"Empire",
"Nanjing",
"Taiwan",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Wu Ding",
"Uyghurs",
"History of India",
"History of Poland",
"Sogdia",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Lê dynasty",
"Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of slavery",
"Social structure of China",
"Military history of Japan",
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"History of Lithuania",
"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Europe",
"Institutional racism",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Xiongnu",
"China–Iran relations",
"Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399",
"Yunnan",
"Inner Mongolia",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"History of cartography",
"Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of Russia",
"Mao Zedong",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"History of Buddhism",
"Ming treasure voyages",
"Chinese noble titles in the imperial period",
"World War II by country",
"Marco Polo",
"Cultural Revolution",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Russian Empire",
"Serbia in the Middle Ages",
"Second Sino-Japanese War",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Eastern esotericism",
"History of Speyer",
"Franco-Mongol alliance",
"Europeans in Medieval China",
"History of Japan",
"Emperor Wu of Han",
"North Korea",
"Chinese folk religion",
"Southern Tang",
"Eunuchs in China",
"Human history",
"Imperial Roman army",
"History of Transylvania",
"Chinese mythology",
"Shunzhi Emperor",
"Fall of Outremer",
"Liu Bei",
"Abbasid Caliphate",
"History of the Byzantine Empire",
"Ancient Rome",
"Early modern period",
"Dungan Revolt (1862–1877)",
"History of the Uyghur people",
"Sino-Roman relations",
"Iran",
"Turkic peoples",
"Yan Xishan",
"History of Bangladesh",
"Korea",
"French Indochina",
"History of Algeria",
"Upheaval of the Five Barbarians",
"Tartan",
"Shen Kuo",
"Development communication",
"Division of the Mongol Empire",
"Roman Empire",
"Latin America",
"First Opium War",
"Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency",
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"Puyi",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Xuande Emperor",
"List of ancient great powers",
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"Ilkhanate",
"Hellenistic period",
"Samurai",
"History of Israel",
"De-Sinicization",
"History of Guatemala",
"Science and technology of the Song dynasty",
"Military of the Qing dynasty",
"Chagatai Khanate",
"Foreign relations of India",
"History of the United States",
"Names of China",
"Confederate States of America",
"History of painting",
"South Korea",
"Afghanistan",
"History of Malaysia",
"Italy",
"Portugal",
"Champa",
"History of printing",
"Manchukuo",
"History of Spain",
"Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)",
"Qianzhuang",
"Ancient Carthage",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Greece",
"Chinese ceramics",
"Kingdom of Jerusalem",
"History of Nigeria",
"Christianity in China",
"Trần dynasty",
"Kuomintang",
"History of science",
"Military history of Myanmar",
"Pagan Kingdom",
"Tibetan Buddhism",
"Yongzheng Emperor",
"History of Central Asia",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"History of Manchuria",
"Ibn Taymiyya",
"Cold War",
"History of Scotland",
"Xinjiang",
"Anarchism in China",
"History of women in the United States",
"History of Zakynthos",
"American frontier",
"Women in Islam",
"Classical Anatolia",
"Four occupations",
"Paper money of the Qing dynasty",
"History of Afghanistan",
"Jurchen people",
"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"Chinese garden",
"Scythians",
"Science and technology of the Han dynasty",
"Chenghua Emperor",
"International relations (1814–1919)",
"Xi Jinping",
"Tibet",
"Systems of social stratification",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Ayyubid dynasty",
"History of Tibetan Buddhism",
"Reformation",
"Joseph Stalin",
"History of Tyre, Lebanon",
"An Lushan rebellion",
"Confucianism",
"Boxer Rebellion",
"Yemen",
"History of socialism",
"Arabs",
"Lao rebellion (1826–1828)",
"First Sino-Japanese War",
"Monguor people",
"Spanish Empire",
"Pakistan",
"History of Missouri",
"Zhuang people",
"Emperor Taizong of Tang",
"Vietnam",
"Slavery",
"Ghazan",
"Mongolia under Qing rule",
"History of Shinto",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Joseon Army",
"Islamic architecture",
"Nazi racial theories",
"Goguryeo",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"History of Chechnya",
"Religion in the Song dynasty",
"Ögedei Khan",
"History of the Roman Empire",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"History of the Republic of China",
"Thailand",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"History of Cumbria",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Qing dynasty coinage",
"Reconstruction era",
"History of Azerbaijan",
"Muslim conquests of Afghanistan",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Yongle Emperor",
"Mexican Revolution",
"Charles George Gordon",
"Beijing city fortifications",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"Chinese literature",
"Kalmyks",
"Economy of the Song dynasty",
"Bangladesh",
"History of Mexico",
"Northern Wei",
"Confucius",
"Uyghur genocide",
"First Bulgarian Empire",
"Chinese Indonesians",
"Kaidu",
"History of medicine",
"History of England",
"History of literature",
"Soviet Union",
"Srivijaya",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Kazakhstan",
"Ancient Egypt",
"Western imperialism in Asia",
"History of Basilan",
"Akbar",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Vilnius",
"Government of the Han dynasty",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Axis powers",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"French Directory",
"Self-Strengthening Movement",
"History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia",
"Cossacks",
"Achaemenid Empire",
"British Raj",
"Scotland in the early modern period",
"Military of the Han dynasty",
"Byzantine navy",
"History of Paris",
"Fatimid Caliphate",
"Traditional Chinese medicine",
"Zhu Wen",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Freedom of religion in Asia by country",
"China–United States relations",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"Fidel Castro",
"Riau Islands",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Tibet under Qing rule",
"History of Thailand",
"French Resistance",
"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
"History of Italy",
"Persecution of Buddhists",
"History of Uzbekistan",
"History of Christianity",
"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
"Human rights in China",
"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
"Kerala",
"France in the Middle Ages",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"First Mongol invasion of Burma",
"Colonial history of the United States",
"Women in ancient and imperial China",
"History of libraries",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"Hungary",
"Assyria",
"Urfa",
"Oirats",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Crusades",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of Kyrgyzstan",
"Thracian religion",
"History of Albania",
"List of book-burning incidents",
"Egypt",
"Sierra Leone",
"Delhi Sultanate",
"Subutai",
"Chinese astronomy",
"Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Pax Mongolica",
"Holy Roman Empire",
"South African Border War",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"China–India relations",
"Detribalization",
"Iraq",
"History of Detroit",
"Western Roman Empire",
"Anti-Chinese sentiment",
"Emperor Xuanzong of Tang",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Lithuania",
"Myanmar",
"Economic history of Japan",
"Roman Republic",
"History of Portugal",
"Mongol invasion of Europe",
"History of Ghana",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
"Somalia",
"History of science and technology in China",
"Napoleon III",
"Dominican Republic",
"Culture of the Song dynasty",
"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
"History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant",
"Late Roman army",
"Chinese mathematics",
"Chan Buddhism",
"History of the United States government",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Great Game",
"Berbers",
"History of West Africa",
"Empress Dowager Cixi",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of country-name etymologies",
"Roman Egypt",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Turkey",
"Early Middle Ages",
"New Deal",
"Vietnam War",
"Macedonia (ancient kingdom)",
"Regency of Algiers",
"Early Muslim conquests",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"France",
"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
"Iranian Revolution",
"Millennials",
"Light in painting",
"Kingdom of Galicia",
"Iloilo City",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"Sharia",
"Guan Yu",
"Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire",
"Military of the Ming dynasty",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Wahhabism",
"Human cannibalism",
"Khazars",
"1340s",
"Zhangjiakou",
"History of Belgium",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"History of Morocco",
"Catherine the Great",
"European Union law",
"History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance",
"Alexander the Great",
"Dynasties of China",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Fashion in the Yuan dynasty",
"Empire of Japan",
"Korea under Japanese rule",
"History of Georgia (country)",
"Hua–Yi distinction",
"Piracy",
"Falun Gong",
"Qocho",
"Mongol invasions of Korea",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Chinese Esoteric Buddhism",
"Syria",
"Civil rights movement",
"Taiping Rebellion",
"Islamic terrorism",
"List of Fables characters",
"American Revolution",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"Yuan dynasty coinage",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Nanzhao",
"Nomadic empire",
"Economic history of France",
"Cambodia",
"Chinese painting",
"Second Bulgarian Empire",
"Nepal",
"Socialism",
"Sichuan",
"Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate",
"Louis XIV",
"Ethiopia",
"Economy of the Han dynasty",
"Indo-Greek Kingdom",
"Late modern period",
"Parthian Empire",
"Xiamen",
"Apartheid",
"Moldova",
"Korean nationalist historiography",
"History of the Khitans",
"Edo period",
"Tusi",
"Fascism and ideology",
"Aztecs",
"Benito Mussolini",
"Peng Dehuai",
"Egyptians",
"Ulysses S. Grant",
"Emperor Gaozong of Tang",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula",
"Christian culture",
"Great Divergence",
"Portrait painting",
"History of Pakistan",
"History of Virginia",
"Spanish Civil War",
"History of magic",
"Migration in China",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Education in China",
"Mughal Empire",
"History of education",
"Wars of the Roses",
"Japanese war crimes",
"Buddhist art",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Uzbeks",
"Foreign relations of Tibet",
"Islamic fundamentalism in Iran",
"Li Jing (Southern Tang)",
"Battle of Xiangyang",
"Taiwan under Qing rule",
"England",
"Enoch Powell",
"List of state leaders in the 14th century",
"Louis XV",
"Madrasa",
"Italian Americans",
"History of Málaga",
"Puerto Rico",
"Chinese expansionism",
"Marxism–Leninism",
"Naval warfare",
"Aurangzeb",
"Genocides in history (before World War I)",
"Architecture of India",
"History of Poland (1939–1945)",
"Umayyad Caliphate",
"Deng Xiaoping",
"Hanbok",
"History of the Joseon dynasty",
"Salt in Chinese history",
"Shia–Sunni divide",
"Islam in India",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Toluid Civil War",
"American Civil War",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
"History of opera",
"Quanzhou",
"Fujian",
"American imperialism",
"United Russia",
"History of lute-family instruments",
"Europe",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Mexico",
"Mataram Kingdom",
"Church of the East",
"England in the Late Middle Ages",
"Napoleon",
"Pure Land Buddhism",
"Han–Xiongnu War",
"Women's rights",
"Racism in the United States",
"History of Indonesia",
"Greek War of Independence",
"History of Cuba",
"Diplomatic history of World War II",
"New Mexico",
"Pahang",
"Qizhuang",
"Kashmir conflict",
"History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Shanxi",
"First Toungoo Empire",
"Southeast Asia",
"Middle kingdoms of India",
"History of Lebanon",
"History of the Jews in China",
"Maya civilization",
"Korean War",
"History of slavery in the Muslim world",
"South African labour law",
"Barbarian",
"Amin al-Husseini",
"Kingdom of Italy",
"Roman imperial cult",
"Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor",
"History of Hinduism",
"Russia",
"Prussian Union of Churches",
"Sexuality in ancient Rome",
"Frisian freedom",
"History of Paraguay",
"Iran–United States relations",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)",
"War of the Eight Princes",
"Taiwan under Japanese rule",
"Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period",
"Maximilien Robespierre",
"Andreas Hillgruber",
"History of Myanmar",
"Kangxi Emperor",
"First Stadtholderless Period",
"Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire",
"Malaysian Chinese",
"Buddhism",
"History of the Middle East",
"African military systems before 1800",
"Religion in ancient Rome",
"History of agriculture in China",
"Yue Fei",
"Maritime history",
"Habsburg Spain",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"Wales",
"Military history of Canada",
"List of rebellions in China",
"Mongol invasions of Tibet",
"Erwin Rommel",
"Ottoman architecture",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
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"Sweden",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Ketuanan Melayu",
"Kingdom of Tungning",
"Sabah",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anti-Comintern Pact",
"Harem",
"Empire of Brazil",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"War of 1812",
"History of Sikhism",
"History of monarchy in the United Kingdom",
"Legalism (Chinese philosophy)",
"Salafi movement",
"Manichaeism",
"Lu Xun (Eastern Wu)",
"History of United States prison systems",
"Otto von Bismarck",
"Chinese nationalism",
"Military history",
"Sephardic Jews",
"Pol Pot",
"Economy of China",
"International relations (1648–1814)",
"Jewish history",
"Spanish Inquisition",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Al-Andalus",
"Tibetan sovereignty debate",
"French Third Republic",
"Diplomatic history of World War I",
"Valentinianic dynasty",
"Tengrism",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Zhang Heng",
"Mongol invasions and conquests",
"Charlemagne",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty",
"Historikerstreit",
"Chiapas",
"Monkeys in Chinese culture",
"Imperialism",
"Wuhan",
"Vladimir Putin",
"African-American history",
"American Revolutionary War",
"Islamic art",
"Christianity",
"List of Shaman King characters",
"Bengal",
"Central Asia",
"Sinicization",
"Emirate of Granada",
"History of Southeast Asia",
"Racism",
"Rashid Rida",
"Scotland",
"Uzbekistan",
"Genocide of Indigenous peoples",
"Ethiopian historiography",
"Nationalism",
"John, King of England",
"Mercenary",
"Georgia (country)",
"Farouk of Egypt",
"German Empire",
"Muhammad",
"Sanskrit",
"Transformation of the Ottoman Empire",
"Indian Rebellion of 1857",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Rashidun Caliphate",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
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"Papua (province)",
"Freedom of religion in Europe by country",
"Demographic history of Macedonia",
"Progressive Era",
"Henry II of England",
"Polish–Soviet War",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Serbia",
"Guangzhou",
"Middle Assyrian Empire",
"History of Asian art",
"Colonial Nigeria",
"History of Ethiopia",
"Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"14th Dalai Lama",
"Manchuria",
"Spain",
"Economy of East Asia",
"History of Punjab",
"History of Slovakia",
"Malays (ethnic group)",
"Qing dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Indian independence movement",
"History of Rio Grande do Sul",
"Wang Mang",
"Seal (East Asia)",
"World War I",
"French Revolution",
"Nigerian Civil War",
"Diocletian",
"History of Sierra Leone",
"Moorish architecture",
"History of liberalism",
"Bondelswarts Rebellion",
"Marriage",
"Jesuits",
"Royal intermarriage",
"Hong Taiji",
"Seventh Crusade",
"Emperor Wu of Liang",
"Islamic Golden Age",
"History of Somalia",
"Armies in the American Civil War",
"History of the Jews in Iraq",
"History of mathematics",
"History of Chinese cuisine",
"Jiang Wei",
"History of Rome",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"Cold War (1953–1962)",
"Fake news",
"Christianity in Asia",
"Ferdinand I of Naples",
"Slavery in medieval Europe",
"Constantine the Great",
"Vladimir Lenin",
"Mexican–American War",
"Ancient Chinese coinage",
"History of geography",
"Qara Khitai",
"Conquistador",
"Foreign relations of China",
"Grand Canal (China)",
"Ukraine",
"Anti-communism",
"Andalusia",
"Alauddin Khalji",
"Zhejiang",
"Eighth Crusade",
"History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel",
"Palmyra",
"Yellow Peril",
"Sardinian language",
"Glossary of ancient Roman religion",
"Hagia Sophia",
"Economic history of Mexico",
"History of South India",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"Sudan",
"Campaign history of the Roman military",
"Haiti",
"Japanese art",
"First Indochina War",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"Tondo (historical polity)",
"Nigeria",
"History of Catalonia",
"Military history of the Jin dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms",
"Aleppo",
"Samarkand",
"History of Croatia",
"Music of China",
"Literacy",
"Indo-European migrations",
"Ptolemaic Kingdom",
"Kunming",
"History of printing in East Asia",
"Habib Bourguiba",
"Religious persecution",
"Persecution of Hindus",
"Mu'awiya I",
"Maritime history of California",
"Chinese Singaporeans",
"Constantine XI Palaiologos",
"Nicholas II of Russia",
"Emperor of China",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Ngo Dinh Diem",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"Jordan",
"Ibn Battuta",
"History of the Dominican Republic",
"Dutch Formosa",
"Suez Crisis",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"Singapore",
"Sixteen Kingdoms",
"Sarawak",
"List of state leaders in the 13th century",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"Nazi Germany",
"Julius Nyerere",
"Sculpture",
"Norway",
"Azerbaijan",
"Henry III of England",
"German colonial empire",
"House of Loredan",
"History of Jamaica",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Albania",
"Kenya",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"Kingdom of Chiang Mai",
"Company rule in India",
"Buddhism in Thailand",
"History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China",
"Hamas",
"Druze",
"Women in government",
"Hoodoo (spirituality)",
"Gamal Abdel Nasser",
"History of American newspapers",
"Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war",
"Catholic Church",
"Jerusalem",
"Algerian War",
"History of the Catholic Church",
"Nikita Khrushchev",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
"Josip Broz Tito",
"Gia Long",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
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"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"Chinese architecture",
"Buddhism in Myanmar",
"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism",
"History of Denmark",
"Madagascar",
"Assyrian people",
"Historiography",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Warlord Era",
"History of Siberia",
"German resistance to Nazism",
"Catalonia",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"Jinan",
"Houston Stewart Chamberlain",
"Eastern Bloc",
"George Washington",
"Estonia",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"Indira Gandhi",
"Al-Mu'tasim",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Trajan",
"Military history of the Russian Empire",
"Fédon's rebellion",
"Medieval and early modern Africa",
"Hugo Chávez",
"History of Ireland",
"Baota District",
"Havana",
"Persian art",
"Bayan of the Baarin",
"Bayinnaung",
"Government of the Qing dynasty",
"History of Finland",
"Order of Assassins",
"Spanish conquest of Honduras",
"Caliphate",
"Armenia",
"Lebanon",
"Mongol invasions of Japan",
"History of Indiana",
"Women in science",
"Bolesław III Wrymouth",
"British Empire",
"History of Wahhabism",
"History of Bulgaria",
"End of the Han dynasty",
"History of education in the United States",
"Kösem Sultan",
"LGBT history",
"Eight Banners",
"Chetniks",
"Russification of Ukraine",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Military history of South America",
"Cash (Chinese coin)",
"Unification of Germany",
"Augustus",
"Chinese characters",
"Cham Albanians",
"Reconquista",
"Police",
"History of the Jews in Spain",
"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
"Bulgarian Turks",
"Appanage",
"Contract",
"Forced conversion",
"List of Discworld characters",
"Culture of Asia",
"Ming Great Wall",
"Gunpowder weapons in the Ming dynasty",
"Hakka people",
"Empress Myeongseong"
] |
57286dfa2ca10214002da336 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Kublai's government faced financial difficulties after 1279. Wars and construction projects had drained the Mongol treasury. Efforts to raise and collect tax revenues were plagued by corruption and political scandals. Mishandled military expeditions followed the financial problems. Kublai's second invasion of Japan in 1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon. Kublai botched his campaigns against Annam, Champa, and Java, but won a Pyrrhic victory against Burma. The expeditions were hampered by disease, an inhospitable climate, and a tropical terrain unsuitable for the mounted warfare of the Mongols. The Tran dynasty which ruled Annam (Dai Viet) crushed and defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288). The Chinese region of Fujian was the original home of the Chinese Tran (Chen) clan before they migrated under Trần Kinh (陳京, Chén Jīng) to Dai Viet and whose descendants established the Trần dynasty which ruled Vietnam Đại Việt, and certain members of the clan could still speak Chinese such as when a Yuan dynasty envoy had a meeting with the Chinese-speaking Trần prince Trần Quốc Tuấn (later King Trần Hưng Đạo) in 1282. Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song dynasty China like Zhao Zhong and Xu Zongdao fled to Tran dynasty ruled Vietnam after the Mongol invasion of the Song and they helped the Tran fight against the Mongol invasion. The Tran dynasty originated from the Fujian region of China as did the Daoist cleric Xu Zongdao who recorded the Mongol invasion and referred to them as \"Northern bandits\". Annam, Burma, and Champa recognized Mongol hegemony and established tributary relations with the Yuan dynasty.",
"hi": "कुबलाई की सरकार को 1279 के बाद वित्तीय कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा। युद्धों और निर्माण परियोजनाओं ने मंगोलिया खजाने को खाली कर दिया था। कर राजस्व बढ़ाने और एकत्र करने के प्रयास भ्रष्टाचार और राजनीतिक घोटालों से ग्रस्त थे। वित्तीय समस्याओं के पीछे सैन्य अभियानों का गलत इस्तेमाल हुआ। 1281 में जापान के कुबलई का दूसरा आक्रमण एक भयानक आंधी के कारण विफल रहा। कुबलाई ने अन्नम, चम्पा और जावा के खिलाफ अपने अभियानों में असफलता प्राप्त की, लेकिन बर्मा के खिलाफ एक ऐतिहासिक जीत हासिल की। अभियान में खराबी, एक दुर्गम जलवायु, और मंगोलों के घुड़सवार युद्ध के लिए उष्णकटिबंधीय इलाके में अनुपयुक्त थे। त्रान वंश जिसने अन्नम (दाई वायट) पर शासन किया उसने मंगोलों को बेच दांग की लड़ाई (1288) में कुचल दिया और हराया। फ़ुज़ियान के चीनी क्षेत्र में चीनी ट्रान (चेन) कबीले का मूल घर था, इससे पहले वे ट्रान किन्ह (陳京चेन जिंग) के तहत दाई वियतनाम में चले गए और उनके वंशजों ने ट्रान राजवंश की स्थापना की, जिसने वियतनाम दै विएट पर शासन किया, कबीले के कुछ लोग अभी भी चीनी बोल सकते थे उदाहरण के तौर पर जब एक युआन राजवंश दूत ने 1282 में चीनी-भाषी ट्रान राजकुमार ट्रान क्वॉक तुआन (लेटर किंग ट्रॉन हुआंग दाओ) के साथ एक बैठक की थी। प्रोफेसर लियाम केली ने कहा कि सांग के मंगोल आक्रमण के बाद चीन के सॉन्ग राजवंश से झोंग झोंग और ज़ू ज़ोंगडाओ के लोग वियतनाम में ट्रान राजवंश में भाग गए, और उन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण के खिलाफ ट्रान की लड़ाई में मदद की। ट्रान वंश की शुरुआत चीन के फुजियान क्षेत्र से हुई थी, जैसा कि डैओवादी धर्मगुरु जू ज़ोंगाडो ने बताया था, जिन्होंने मंगोल आक्रमण को दर्ज किया और उन्हें \"उत्तरी डाकुओं\" के रूप में संदर्भित किया। अन्नम, बर्मा, और चंपा ने मंगोल आधिपत्य को मान्यता दी और युआन राजवंश के साथ सहायक संबंध स्थापित किए।"
} | {
"en": "When were the Mongols defeated by the Tran?",
"hi": "ट्रान द्वारा मंगोलों को कब हराया गया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"1288"
],
"hi": [
"1288"
]
} | {
"en": [
719,
719,
719
],
"hi": [
670
]
} | [
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] |
57286fa83acd2414000df9e5 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Emperor Gegeen Khan, Ayurbarwada's son and successor, ruled for only two years, from 1321 to 1323. He continued his father's policies to reform the government based on the Confucian principles, with the help of his newly appointed grand chancellor Baiju. During his reign, the Da Yuan Tong Zhi (Chinese: 大元通制, \"the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan\"), a huge collection of codes and regulations of the Yuan dynasty begun by his father, was formally promulgated. Gegeen was assassinated in a coup involving five princes from a rival faction, perhaps steppe elite opposed to Confucian reforms. They placed Yesün Temür (or Taidingdi) on the throne, and, after an unsuccessful attempt to calm the princes, he also succumbed to regicide.",
"hi": "सम्राट गेगीन खान, अयुरबरवाड़ा के पुत्र और उत्तराधिकारी, ने केवल दो वर्षों 1321 से 1323 तक शासन किया। उन्होंने अपने नए नियुक्त प्रधान चांसलर बैजू की मदद से कन्फ्यूशी सिद्धांतों के आधार पर सरकार में सुधार करने के लिए अपने पिता की नीतियों को जारी रखा। उनके शासनकाल के दौरान, उनके पिता के द्वारा शुरू की गयी द युआन टोंग ज़ी (चीनी: 元 通 制 \",\" ग्रेट युआन की व्यापक संस्थाएं \"), में युआन राजवंश की संहिता और नियमों का एक विशाल संग्रह संग्रह औपचारिक रूप से प्रख्यापित किया गया था। गेगीन की हत्या एक गुट में हुई थी, जिसमें प्रतिद्वंद्वी गुट के 5 प्रधान और, शायद कन्फ्यूशियस सुधारों का विरोध करने वाले कुलीन वर्ग के लोग थे। उन्होंने येसु टेमर (या ताईदिंगी) को सिंहासन पर बैठाया, और राजकुमारों को शांत करने के असफल प्रयास के बाद, उन्होंने भी आत्महत्या कर ली।"
} | {
"en": "Who was Ayurbarwada's son?",
"hi": "अयूबारवाड़ा का बेटा कौन था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Gegeen Khan"
],
"hi": [
"गेगीन खान"
]
} | {
"en": [
8,
8,
8
],
"hi": [
7
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
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"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
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"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
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"Mamluk Sultanate",
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"De-Sinicization",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Ibn Taymiyya",
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"History of women in the United States",
"History of Zakynthos",
"American frontier",
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"Classical Anatolia",
"Four occupations",
"Paper money of the Qing dynasty",
"History of Afghanistan",
"Jurchen people",
"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"Chinese garden",
"Scythians",
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"Ögedei Khan",
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"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
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"Li Siyuan",
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"Paris in the 18th century",
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"List of country-name etymologies",
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"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Trajan",
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"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
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"Contract",
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] |
57286fa83acd2414000df9e6 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Emperor Gegeen Khan, Ayurbarwada's son and successor, ruled for only two years, from 1321 to 1323. He continued his father's policies to reform the government based on the Confucian principles, with the help of his newly appointed grand chancellor Baiju. During his reign, the Da Yuan Tong Zhi (Chinese: 大元通制, \"the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan\"), a huge collection of codes and regulations of the Yuan dynasty begun by his father, was formally promulgated. Gegeen was assassinated in a coup involving five princes from a rival faction, perhaps steppe elite opposed to Confucian reforms. They placed Yesün Temür (or Taidingdi) on the throne, and, after an unsuccessful attempt to calm the princes, he also succumbed to regicide.",
"hi": "सम्राट गेगीन खान, अयुरबरवाड़ा के पुत्र और उत्तराधिकारी, ने केवल दो वर्षों 1321 से 1323 तक शासन किया। उन्होंने अपने नए नियुक्त प्रधान चांसलर बैजू की मदद से कन्फ्यूशी सिद्धांतों के आधार पर सरकार में सुधार करने के लिए अपने पिता की नीतियों को जारी रखा। उनके शासनकाल के दौरान, उनके पिता के द्वारा शुरू की गयी द युआन टोंग ज़ी (चीनी: 元 通 制 \",\" ग्रेट युआन की व्यापक संस्थाएं \"), में युआन राजवंश की संहिता और नियमों का एक विशाल संग्रह संग्रह औपचारिक रूप से प्रख्यापित किया गया था। गेगीन की हत्या एक गुट में हुई थी, जिसमें प्रतिद्वंद्वी गुट के 5 प्रधान और, शायद कन्फ्यूशियस सुधारों का विरोध करने वाले कुलीन वर्ग के लोग थे। उन्होंने येसु टेमर (या ताईदिंगी) को सिंहासन पर बैठाया, और राजकुमारों को शांत करने के असफल प्रयास के बाद, उन्होंने भी आत्महत्या कर ली।"
} | {
"en": "When was Geegen the emperor?",
"hi": "गेगीन सम्राट कब बना था?"
} | {
"en": [
"1321 to 1323"
],
"hi": [
"1321 से 1323"
]
} | {
"en": [
85,
85,
80
],
"hi": [
74
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
] | 46_aircraft_engine_designed | [
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"Yuan dynasty",
"History of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongol Empire",
"Kublai Khan",
"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
"History of Beijing",
"History of China",
"History of the Song dynasty",
"Semu",
"Economic history of China before 1912",
"Ming dynasty",
"Liao dynasty",
"Religion in China",
"Imperial examination",
"Tang dynasty",
"Qing dynasty",
"Mongol conquest of China",
"Transition from Ming to Qing",
"Ming–Tibet relations",
"Song dynasty",
"History of Xinjiang",
"Golden Horde",
"Military history of China before 1912",
"History of Asia",
"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
"Manchu people",
"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
"Administration of territory in dynastic China",
"Persecution of Muslims",
"Religion in the Mongol Empire",
"Society of the Mongol Empire",
"China",
"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
"History of Palestine",
"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
"History of gunpowder",
"Đại Việt",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Foreign relations of imperial China",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Mongol invasions of Vietnam",
"Cao Cao",
"History of Sino–Korean relations",
"History of the Philippines",
"Möngke Khan",
"Joseon",
"Nguyễn dynasty",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Beijing",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Wu Zetian",
"History of Iran",
"History of France",
"Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)",
"Hongwu Emperor",
"Safavid Iran",
"History of Tunisia",
"Taiwanese indigenous peoples",
"Han Chinese",
"Taoism",
"History of Australia",
"Tây Sơn wars",
"Chinese culture",
"Political history of the world",
"Middle Ages",
"History of Tibet",
"Hoa people",
"Military of the Yuan dynasty",
"Qianlong Emperor",
"Society and culture of the Han dynasty",
"Islam during the Ming dynasty",
"Crusader states",
"Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Interracial marriage",
"Imperial Preceptor",
"Western Xia",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Sasanian Empire",
"Military of the Goryeo Dynasty",
"Mongolia",
"History of Korea",
"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
"Three Kingdoms",
"Balhae",
"Goryeo under Mongol rule",
"Age of Discovery",
"Ottoman Empire",
"Silk Road",
"History of the Kuomintang",
"Zhuge Liang",
"Chiang Kai-shek",
"Islam during the Yuan dynasty",
"Sima Yi",
"Northern and Southern dynasties",
"History of the Assyrians",
"Xinjiang under Qing rule",
"Empire",
"Nanjing",
"Taiwan",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Wu Ding",
"Uyghurs",
"History of India",
"History of Poland",
"Sogdia",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Lê dynasty",
"Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of slavery",
"Social structure of China",
"Military history of Japan",
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"History of Lithuania",
"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Europe",
"Institutional racism",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Xiongnu",
"China–Iran relations",
"Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399",
"Yunnan",
"Inner Mongolia",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"History of cartography",
"Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of Russia",
"Mao Zedong",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"History of Buddhism",
"Ming treasure voyages",
"Chinese noble titles in the imperial period",
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"Marco Polo",
"Cultural Revolution",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Russian Empire",
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"Second Sino-Japanese War",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Eastern esotericism",
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"Franco-Mongol alliance",
"Europeans in Medieval China",
"History of Japan",
"Emperor Wu of Han",
"North Korea",
"Chinese folk religion",
"Southern Tang",
"Eunuchs in China",
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"Imperial Roman army",
"History of Transylvania",
"Chinese mythology",
"Shunzhi Emperor",
"Fall of Outremer",
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"Ancient Rome",
"Early modern period",
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"Turkic peoples",
"Yan Xishan",
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"Korea",
"French Indochina",
"History of Algeria",
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"Development communication",
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"List of ancient great powers",
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"Ilkhanate",
"Hellenistic period",
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"History of Israel",
"De-Sinicization",
"History of Guatemala",
"Science and technology of the Song dynasty",
"Military of the Qing dynasty",
"Chagatai Khanate",
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"History of the United States",
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"Confederate States of America",
"History of painting",
"South Korea",
"Afghanistan",
"History of Malaysia",
"Italy",
"Portugal",
"Champa",
"History of printing",
"Manchukuo",
"History of Spain",
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"History of the United Kingdom",
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"Chinese ceramics",
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"Christianity in China",
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"Kuomintang",
"History of science",
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"Pagan Kingdom",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Ibn Taymiyya",
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"History of Zakynthos",
"American frontier",
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"Classical Anatolia",
"Four occupations",
"Paper money of the Qing dynasty",
"History of Afghanistan",
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"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"Chinese garden",
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"Xi Jinping",
"Tibet",
"Systems of social stratification",
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"Ayyubid dynasty",
"History of Tibetan Buddhism",
"Reformation",
"Joseph Stalin",
"History of Tyre, Lebanon",
"An Lushan rebellion",
"Confucianism",
"Boxer Rebellion",
"Yemen",
"History of socialism",
"Arabs",
"Lao rebellion (1826–1828)",
"First Sino-Japanese War",
"Monguor people",
"Spanish Empire",
"Pakistan",
"History of Missouri",
"Zhuang people",
"Emperor Taizong of Tang",
"Vietnam",
"Slavery",
"Ghazan",
"Mongolia under Qing rule",
"History of Shinto",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Joseon Army",
"Islamic architecture",
"Nazi racial theories",
"Goguryeo",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"History of Chechnya",
"Religion in the Song dynasty",
"Ögedei Khan",
"History of the Roman Empire",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"History of the Republic of China",
"Thailand",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"History of Cumbria",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Qing dynasty coinage",
"Reconstruction era",
"History of Azerbaijan",
"Muslim conquests of Afghanistan",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Yongle Emperor",
"Mexican Revolution",
"Charles George Gordon",
"Beijing city fortifications",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"Chinese literature",
"Kalmyks",
"Economy of the Song dynasty",
"Bangladesh",
"History of Mexico",
"Northern Wei",
"Confucius",
"Uyghur genocide",
"First Bulgarian Empire",
"Chinese Indonesians",
"Kaidu",
"History of medicine",
"History of England",
"History of literature",
"Soviet Union",
"Srivijaya",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Kazakhstan",
"Ancient Egypt",
"Western imperialism in Asia",
"History of Basilan",
"Akbar",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Vilnius",
"Government of the Han dynasty",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Axis powers",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"French Directory",
"Self-Strengthening Movement",
"History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia",
"Cossacks",
"Achaemenid Empire",
"British Raj",
"Scotland in the early modern period",
"Military of the Han dynasty",
"Byzantine navy",
"History of Paris",
"Fatimid Caliphate",
"Traditional Chinese medicine",
"Zhu Wen",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Freedom of religion in Asia by country",
"China–United States relations",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"Fidel Castro",
"Riau Islands",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Tibet under Qing rule",
"History of Thailand",
"French Resistance",
"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
"History of Italy",
"Persecution of Buddhists",
"History of Uzbekistan",
"History of Christianity",
"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
"Human rights in China",
"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
"Kerala",
"France in the Middle Ages",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"First Mongol invasion of Burma",
"Colonial history of the United States",
"Women in ancient and imperial China",
"History of libraries",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"Hungary",
"Assyria",
"Urfa",
"Oirats",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Crusades",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of Kyrgyzstan",
"Thracian religion",
"History of Albania",
"List of book-burning incidents",
"Egypt",
"Sierra Leone",
"Delhi Sultanate",
"Subutai",
"Chinese astronomy",
"Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Pax Mongolica",
"Holy Roman Empire",
"South African Border War",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"China–India relations",
"Detribalization",
"Iraq",
"History of Detroit",
"Western Roman Empire",
"Anti-Chinese sentiment",
"Emperor Xuanzong of Tang",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Lithuania",
"Myanmar",
"Economic history of Japan",
"Roman Republic",
"History of Portugal",
"Mongol invasion of Europe",
"History of Ghana",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
"Somalia",
"History of science and technology in China",
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"Dominican Republic",
"Culture of the Song dynasty",
"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
"History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant",
"Late Roman army",
"Chinese mathematics",
"Chan Buddhism",
"History of the United States government",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Great Game",
"Berbers",
"History of West Africa",
"Empress Dowager Cixi",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of country-name etymologies",
"Roman Egypt",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Turkey",
"Early Middle Ages",
"New Deal",
"Vietnam War",
"Macedonia (ancient kingdom)",
"Regency of Algiers",
"Early Muslim conquests",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"France",
"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
"Iranian Revolution",
"Millennials",
"Light in painting",
"Kingdom of Galicia",
"Iloilo City",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"Sharia",
"Guan Yu",
"Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire",
"Military of the Ming dynasty",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Wahhabism",
"Human cannibalism",
"Khazars",
"1340s",
"Zhangjiakou",
"History of Belgium",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"History of Morocco",
"Catherine the Great",
"European Union law",
"History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance",
"Alexander the Great",
"Dynasties of China",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Fashion in the Yuan dynasty",
"Empire of Japan",
"Korea under Japanese rule",
"History of Georgia (country)",
"Hua–Yi distinction",
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"Falun Gong",
"Qocho",
"Mongol invasions of Korea",
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"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
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"Civil rights movement",
"Taiping Rebellion",
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"List of Fables characters",
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"History of Pakistan",
"History of Virginia",
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"History of magic",
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"American Civil War",
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"History of opera",
"Quanzhou",
"Fujian",
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"History of lute-family instruments",
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"Douglas MacArthur",
"The Spirit of the Age",
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"Buddhism",
"History of the Middle East",
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"History of agriculture in China",
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"List of rebellions in China",
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"Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War",
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"History of Chinese cuisine",
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] |
57286fa83acd2414000df9e7 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Emperor Gegeen Khan, Ayurbarwada's son and successor, ruled for only two years, from 1321 to 1323. He continued his father's policies to reform the government based on the Confucian principles, with the help of his newly appointed grand chancellor Baiju. During his reign, the Da Yuan Tong Zhi (Chinese: 大元通制, \"the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan\"), a huge collection of codes and regulations of the Yuan dynasty begun by his father, was formally promulgated. Gegeen was assassinated in a coup involving five princes from a rival faction, perhaps steppe elite opposed to Confucian reforms. They placed Yesün Temür (or Taidingdi) on the throne, and, after an unsuccessful attempt to calm the princes, he also succumbed to regicide.",
"hi": "सम्राट गेगीन खान, अयुरबरवाड़ा के पुत्र और उत्तराधिकारी, ने केवल दो वर्षों 1321 से 1323 तक शासन किया। उन्होंने अपने नए नियुक्त प्रधान चांसलर बैजू की मदद से कन्फ्यूशी सिद्धांतों के आधार पर सरकार में सुधार करने के लिए अपने पिता की नीतियों को जारी रखा। उनके शासनकाल के दौरान, उनके पिता के द्वारा शुरू की गयी द युआन टोंग ज़ी (चीनी: 元 通 制 \",\" ग्रेट युआन की व्यापक संस्थाएं \"), में युआन राजवंश की संहिता और नियमों का एक विशाल संग्रह संग्रह औपचारिक रूप से प्रख्यापित किया गया था। गेगीन की हत्या एक गुट में हुई थी, जिसमें प्रतिद्वंद्वी गुट के 5 प्रधान और, शायद कन्फ्यूशियस सुधारों का विरोध करने वाले कुलीन वर्ग के लोग थे। उन्होंने येसु टेमर (या ताईदिंगी) को सिंहासन पर बैठाया, और राजकुमारों को शांत करने के असफल प्रयास के बाद, उन्होंने भी आत्महत्या कर ली।"
} | {
"en": "Who did Gegeen appoint as grand chancellor?",
"hi": "गेगीन ने प्रधान चांसलर के रूप में किसे नियुक्त किया था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Baiju"
],
"hi": [
"बैजू"
]
} | {
"en": [
248,
248,
248
],
"hi": [
140
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"History of Islam in China",
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"Mongol conquest of China",
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"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
"Manchu people",
"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
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"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
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"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
"History of gunpowder",
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"Persecution of Christians",
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"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
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"Lê dynasty",
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] |
57286fa83acd2414000df9e8 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Emperor Gegeen Khan, Ayurbarwada's son and successor, ruled for only two years, from 1321 to 1323. He continued his father's policies to reform the government based on the Confucian principles, with the help of his newly appointed grand chancellor Baiju. During his reign, the Da Yuan Tong Zhi (Chinese: 大元通制, \"the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan\"), a huge collection of codes and regulations of the Yuan dynasty begun by his father, was formally promulgated. Gegeen was assassinated in a coup involving five princes from a rival faction, perhaps steppe elite opposed to Confucian reforms. They placed Yesün Temür (or Taidingdi) on the throne, and, after an unsuccessful attempt to calm the princes, he also succumbed to regicide.",
"hi": "सम्राट गेगीन खान, अयुरबरवाड़ा के पुत्र और उत्तराधिकारी, ने केवल दो वर्षों 1321 से 1323 तक शासन किया। उन्होंने अपने नए नियुक्त प्रधान चांसलर बैजू की मदद से कन्फ्यूशी सिद्धांतों के आधार पर सरकार में सुधार करने के लिए अपने पिता की नीतियों को जारी रखा। उनके शासनकाल के दौरान, उनके पिता के द्वारा शुरू की गयी द युआन टोंग ज़ी (चीनी: 元 通 制 \",\" ग्रेट युआन की व्यापक संस्थाएं \"), में युआन राजवंश की संहिता और नियमों का एक विशाल संग्रह संग्रह औपचारिक रूप से प्रख्यापित किया गया था। गेगीन की हत्या एक गुट में हुई थी, जिसमें प्रतिद्वंद्वी गुट के 5 प्रधान और, शायद कन्फ्यूशियस सुधारों का विरोध करने वाले कुलीन वर्ग के लोग थे। उन्होंने येसु टेमर (या ताईदिंगी) को सिंहासन पर बैठाया, और राजकुमारों को शांत करने के असफल प्रयास के बाद, उन्होंने भी आत्महत्या कर ली।"
} | {
"en": "What did 'Da Yuan Tong Zhi' mean?",
"hi": "'द युआन टोंग झी' का क्या मतलब था?"
} | {
"en": [
"\"the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan\""
],
"hi": [
"ग्रेट युआन की व्यापक संस्थाएं"
]
} | {
"en": [
310,
311,
311
],
"hi": [
337
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"History of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongol Empire",
"Kublai Khan",
"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
"History of Beijing",
"History of China",
"History of the Song dynasty",
"Semu",
"Economic history of China before 1912",
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"Liao dynasty",
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"Qing dynasty",
"Mongol conquest of China",
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"Ming–Tibet relations",
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"History of Xinjiang",
"Golden Horde",
"Military history of China before 1912",
"History of Asia",
"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
"Manchu people",
"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
"Administration of territory in dynastic China",
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"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
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"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
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"Eunuchs in China",
"Human history",
"Imperial Roman army",
"History of Transylvania",
"Chinese mythology",
"Shunzhi Emperor",
"Fall of Outremer",
"Liu Bei",
"Abbasid Caliphate",
"History of the Byzantine Empire",
"Ancient Rome",
"Early modern period",
"Dungan Revolt (1862–1877)",
"History of the Uyghur people",
"Sino-Roman relations",
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"Turkic peoples",
"Yan Xishan",
"History of Bangladesh",
"Korea",
"French Indochina",
"History of Algeria",
"Upheaval of the Five Barbarians",
"Tartan",
"Shen Kuo",
"Development communication",
"Division of the Mongol Empire",
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"Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency",
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"Puyi",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Xuande Emperor",
"List of ancient great powers",
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"Ilkhanate",
"Hellenistic period",
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"De-Sinicization",
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"History of painting",
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"Champa",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Ibn Taymiyya",
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"History of women in the United States",
"History of Zakynthos",
"American frontier",
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"Four occupations",
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"History of Afghanistan",
"Jurchen people",
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"Chinese garden",
"Scythians",
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"Lao rebellion (1826–1828)",
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"History of Missouri",
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"Ögedei Khan",
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"History of Mexican Americans",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
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"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
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"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
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"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
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"Oirats",
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"List of book-burning incidents",
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"Mongol invasion of Europe",
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
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"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
"History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant",
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"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
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"History of West Africa",
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"List of country-name etymologies",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
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"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
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"Iloilo City",
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"Michael Heseltine",
"Ngo Dinh Diem",
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"Ibn Battuta",
"History of the Dominican Republic",
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"Warlord Era",
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"George Washington",
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"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
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"Al-Mu'tasim",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Trajan",
"Military history of the Russian Empire",
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"Hugo Chávez",
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"Baota District",
"Havana",
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"Bayinnaung",
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"Lebanon",
"Mongol invasions of Japan",
"History of Indiana",
"Women in science",
"Bolesław III Wrymouth",
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"Police",
"History of the Jews in Spain",
"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
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"Contract",
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"List of Discworld characters",
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] |
57286fa83acd2414000df9e9 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Emperor Gegeen Khan, Ayurbarwada's son and successor, ruled for only two years, from 1321 to 1323. He continued his father's policies to reform the government based on the Confucian principles, with the help of his newly appointed grand chancellor Baiju. During his reign, the Da Yuan Tong Zhi (Chinese: 大元通制, \"the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan\"), a huge collection of codes and regulations of the Yuan dynasty begun by his father, was formally promulgated. Gegeen was assassinated in a coup involving five princes from a rival faction, perhaps steppe elite opposed to Confucian reforms. They placed Yesün Temür (or Taidingdi) on the throne, and, after an unsuccessful attempt to calm the princes, he also succumbed to regicide.",
"hi": "सम्राट गेगीन खान, अयुरबरवाड़ा के पुत्र और उत्तराधिकारी, ने केवल दो वर्षों 1321 से 1323 तक शासन किया। उन्होंने अपने नए नियुक्त प्रधान चांसलर बैजू की मदद से कन्फ्यूशी सिद्धांतों के आधार पर सरकार में सुधार करने के लिए अपने पिता की नीतियों को जारी रखा। उनके शासनकाल के दौरान, उनके पिता के द्वारा शुरू की गयी द युआन टोंग ज़ी (चीनी: 元 通 制 \",\" ग्रेट युआन की व्यापक संस्थाएं \"), में युआन राजवंश की संहिता और नियमों का एक विशाल संग्रह संग्रह औपचारिक रूप से प्रख्यापित किया गया था। गेगीन की हत्या एक गुट में हुई थी, जिसमें प्रतिद्वंद्वी गुट के 5 प्रधान और, शायद कन्फ्यूशियस सुधारों का विरोध करने वाले कुलीन वर्ग के लोग थे। उन्होंने येसु टेमर (या ताईदिंगी) को सिंहासन पर बैठाया, और राजकुमारों को शांत करने के असफल प्रयास के बाद, उन्होंने भी आत्महत्या कर ली।"
} | {
"en": "How many rival princes were involved in assassinating Gegeen?",
"hi": "गेगीन की हत्या में कितने प्रतिद्वंद्वी प्रधान शामिल थे?"
} | {
"en": [
"five"
],
"hi": [
"5"
]
} | {
"en": [
517,
517,
517
],
"hi": [
534
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
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"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
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"Mamluk Sultanate",
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"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
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"Spread of Islam",
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"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
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"History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance",
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] |
57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The system of bureaucracy created by Kublai Khan reflected various cultures in the empire, including that of the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists. While the official terminology of the institutions may indicate the government structure was almost purely that of native Chinese dynasties, the Yuan bureaucracy actually consisted of a mix of elements from different cultures. The Chinese-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties. Chinese advisers such as Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu gave strong influence to Kublai's early court, and the central government administration was established within the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices, including the Central Secretariat (Zhongshu Sheng) to manage civil affairs, the Privy Council (Chinese: 樞密院) to manage military affairs, and the Censorate to conduct internal surveillance and inspection. The actual functions of both central and local government institutions, however, showed a major overlap between the civil and military jurisdictions, due to the Mongol traditional reliance on military institutions and offices as the core of governance. Nevertheless, such a civilian bureaucracy, with the Central Secretariat as the top institution that was (directly or indirectly) responsible for most other governmental agencies (such as the traditional Chinese-style Six Ministries), was created in China. At various times another central government institution called the Department of State Affairs (Shangshu Sheng) that mainly dealt with finance was established (such as during the reign of Külüg Khan or Emperor Wuzong), but was usually abandoned shortly afterwards.",
"hi": "कुबलाई खान द्वारा बनाई गई नौकरशाही की प्रणाली ने साम्राज्य में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों जैसे हान चीनी, खितान, जर्केंस, मंगोल और तिब्बती बौद्ध को प्रतिबिंबित किया। हालांकि संस्थानों की आधिकारिक शब्दावली यह संकेत दे सकती है कि सरकारी संरचना लगभग पूरी तरह से देशी चीनी राजवंशों की थी, युआन नौकरशाही वास्तव में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों के तत्वों के मिश्रण से बनी थी। नौकरशाही के चीनी शैली के तत्व मुख्य रूप से देशी तांग, सांग, साथ ही साथ खेतान लियाओ और जर्केन जिन राजवंशों से आए थे। चीनी सलाहकारों जैसे कि लियू बिंगज़ॉन्ग और याओ शू ने कुबलाई के शुरुआती दरबार को मजबूत प्रभाव दिया, और कुबलाई के शासन के पहले दशक के भीतर केंद्र सरकार के प्रशासन को स्थापित किया गया था। इस सरकार ने पारंपरिक चीनी त्रिपक्षीय अधिकार का विभाजन नागरिक, सैन्य, और आलोचनात्मक कार्यालय के बीच अपनाया, जिसमें नागरिक मामलों का प्रबंधन करने के लिए केंद्रीय सचिवालय (झोंगशू शेंग), प्रिविंस काउंसिल (चीनी:樞密院) सैन्य मामलों का प्रबंधन और आंतरिक निगरानी और निरीक्षण करने के लिए सेंसर किया। हालांकि, दोनों केंद्रीय और स्थानीय सरकारी संस्थानों के वास्तविक कार्यों ने नागरिक और सैन्य न्यायालयों के बीच एक प्रमुख अधिव्यापन दिखाया, जोकि शासन के मूल के रूप में सैन्य संस्थानों और कार्यालयों पर मंगोल की पारंपरिक निर्भरता के कारण था। फिर भी, ऐसी नागरिक नौकरशाही, केंद्रीय सचिवालय के साथ शीर्ष संस्था के रूप में थी जो (प्रत्यक्ष या अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से) अधिकांश अन्य सरकारी एजेंसियों (जैसेकि पारंपरिक चीनी शैली के छह मंत्रालयों) के लिए जिम्मेदार थी, जो चीन में बनाई गई थी। कई बार एक अन्य केंद्रीय सरकारी संस्थान ने राज्य मामलों के विभाग (शांगशू शेंग) को कहा था कि मुख्य रूप से वित्त से निपटने के लिए स्थापित गया था (जैसे कि कुल्लुग खान या सम्राट वुज़ोंग के शासनकाल के दौरान), लेकिन इसे कुछ समय के तुरंत बाद बंद कर दिया गया था।"
} | {
"en": "What cultures were part of Kublai's administration?",
"hi": "कौन-सी संस्कृति कुबलाई सरकार का हिस्सा थी ?"
} | {
"en": [
"Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists"
],
"hi": [
"हान चीनी, खितान, जर्केंस, मंगोल और तिब्बती बौद्ध"
]
} | {
"en": [
113,
113,
109
],
"hi": [
88
]
} | [
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"Mongol Empire",
"Kublai Khan",
"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
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"History of China",
"History of the Song dynasty",
"Semu",
"Economic history of China before 1912",
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"Liao dynasty",
"Religion in China",
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"Qing dynasty",
"Mongol conquest of China",
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"Ming–Tibet relations",
"Song dynasty",
"History of Xinjiang",
"Golden Horde",
"Military history of China before 1912",
"History of Asia",
"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
"Manchu people",
"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
"Administration of territory in dynastic China",
"Persecution of Muslims",
"Religion in the Mongol Empire",
"Society of the Mongol Empire",
"China",
"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
"History of Palestine",
"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
"History of gunpowder",
"Đại Việt",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Foreign relations of imperial China",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Mongol invasions of Vietnam",
"Cao Cao",
"History of Sino–Korean relations",
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"Möngke Khan",
"Joseon",
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"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
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"Tây Sơn wars",
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] |
57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The system of bureaucracy created by Kublai Khan reflected various cultures in the empire, including that of the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists. While the official terminology of the institutions may indicate the government structure was almost purely that of native Chinese dynasties, the Yuan bureaucracy actually consisted of a mix of elements from different cultures. The Chinese-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties. Chinese advisers such as Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu gave strong influence to Kublai's early court, and the central government administration was established within the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices, including the Central Secretariat (Zhongshu Sheng) to manage civil affairs, the Privy Council (Chinese: 樞密院) to manage military affairs, and the Censorate to conduct internal surveillance and inspection. The actual functions of both central and local government institutions, however, showed a major overlap between the civil and military jurisdictions, due to the Mongol traditional reliance on military institutions and offices as the core of governance. Nevertheless, such a civilian bureaucracy, with the Central Secretariat as the top institution that was (directly or indirectly) responsible for most other governmental agencies (such as the traditional Chinese-style Six Ministries), was created in China. At various times another central government institution called the Department of State Affairs (Shangshu Sheng) that mainly dealt with finance was established (such as during the reign of Külüg Khan or Emperor Wuzong), but was usually abandoned shortly afterwards.",
"hi": "कुबलाई खान द्वारा बनाई गई नौकरशाही की प्रणाली ने साम्राज्य में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों जैसे हान चीनी, खितान, जर्केंस, मंगोल और तिब्बती बौद्ध को प्रतिबिंबित किया। हालांकि संस्थानों की आधिकारिक शब्दावली यह संकेत दे सकती है कि सरकारी संरचना लगभग पूरी तरह से देशी चीनी राजवंशों की थी, युआन नौकरशाही वास्तव में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों के तत्वों के मिश्रण से बनी थी। नौकरशाही के चीनी शैली के तत्व मुख्य रूप से देशी तांग, सांग, साथ ही साथ खेतान लियाओ और जर्केन जिन राजवंशों से आए थे। चीनी सलाहकारों जैसे कि लियू बिंगज़ॉन्ग और याओ शू ने कुबलाई के शुरुआती दरबार को मजबूत प्रभाव दिया, और कुबलाई के शासन के पहले दशक के भीतर केंद्र सरकार के प्रशासन को स्थापित किया गया था। इस सरकार ने पारंपरिक चीनी त्रिपक्षीय अधिकार का विभाजन नागरिक, सैन्य, और आलोचनात्मक कार्यालय के बीच अपनाया, जिसमें नागरिक मामलों का प्रबंधन करने के लिए केंद्रीय सचिवालय (झोंगशू शेंग), प्रिविंस काउंसिल (चीनी:樞密院) सैन्य मामलों का प्रबंधन और आंतरिक निगरानी और निरीक्षण करने के लिए सेंसर किया। हालांकि, दोनों केंद्रीय और स्थानीय सरकारी संस्थानों के वास्तविक कार्यों ने नागरिक और सैन्य न्यायालयों के बीच एक प्रमुख अधिव्यापन दिखाया, जोकि शासन के मूल के रूप में सैन्य संस्थानों और कार्यालयों पर मंगोल की पारंपरिक निर्भरता के कारण था। फिर भी, ऐसी नागरिक नौकरशाही, केंद्रीय सचिवालय के साथ शीर्ष संस्था के रूप में थी जो (प्रत्यक्ष या अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से) अधिकांश अन्य सरकारी एजेंसियों (जैसेकि पारंपरिक चीनी शैली के छह मंत्रालयों) के लिए जिम्मेदार थी, जो चीन में बनाई गई थी। कई बार एक अन्य केंद्रीय सरकारी संस्थान ने राज्य मामलों के विभाग (शांगशू शेंग) को कहा था कि मुख्य रूप से वित्त से निपटने के लिए स्थापित गया था (जैसे कि कुल्लुग खान या सम्राट वुज़ोंग के शासनकाल के दौरान), लेकिन इसे कुछ समय के तुरंत बाद बंद कर दिया गया था।"
} | {
"en": "What dynasties inspired the Chinese-like elements of Kublai's government?",
"hi": "किन राजवंशों ने कुबलाई की सरकार के चीनी जैसे तत्वों को प्रेरित किया?"
} | {
"en": [
"Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties"
],
"hi": [
"तांग, सांग, साथ ही साथ खेतान लियाओ और जर्केन जिन राजवंशों"
]
} | {
"en": [
478,
292,
478
],
"hi": [
401
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
] | 46_aircraft_engine_designed | [
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"Yuan dynasty",
"History of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongol Empire",
"Kublai Khan",
"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
"History of Beijing",
"History of China",
"History of the Song dynasty",
"Semu",
"Economic history of China before 1912",
"Ming dynasty",
"Liao dynasty",
"Religion in China",
"Imperial examination",
"Tang dynasty",
"Qing dynasty",
"Mongol conquest of China",
"Transition from Ming to Qing",
"Ming–Tibet relations",
"Song dynasty",
"History of Xinjiang",
"Golden Horde",
"Military history of China before 1912",
"History of Asia",
"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
"Manchu people",
"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
"Administration of territory in dynastic China",
"Persecution of Muslims",
"Religion in the Mongol Empire",
"Society of the Mongol Empire",
"China",
"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
"History of Palestine",
"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
"History of gunpowder",
"Đại Việt",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Foreign relations of imperial China",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Mongol invasions of Vietnam",
"Cao Cao",
"History of Sino–Korean relations",
"History of the Philippines",
"Möngke Khan",
"Joseon",
"Nguyễn dynasty",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Beijing",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Wu Zetian",
"History of Iran",
"History of France",
"Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)",
"Hongwu Emperor",
"Safavid Iran",
"History of Tunisia",
"Taiwanese indigenous peoples",
"Han Chinese",
"Taoism",
"History of Australia",
"Tây Sơn wars",
"Chinese culture",
"Political history of the world",
"Middle Ages",
"History of Tibet",
"Hoa people",
"Military of the Yuan dynasty",
"Qianlong Emperor",
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"Islam during the Ming dynasty",
"Crusader states",
"Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Interracial marriage",
"Imperial Preceptor",
"Western Xia",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Sasanian Empire",
"Military of the Goryeo Dynasty",
"Mongolia",
"History of Korea",
"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
"Three Kingdoms",
"Balhae",
"Goryeo under Mongol rule",
"Age of Discovery",
"Ottoman Empire",
"Silk Road",
"History of the Kuomintang",
"Zhuge Liang",
"Chiang Kai-shek",
"Islam during the Yuan dynasty",
"Sima Yi",
"Northern and Southern dynasties",
"History of the Assyrians",
"Xinjiang under Qing rule",
"Empire",
"Nanjing",
"Taiwan",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Wu Ding",
"Uyghurs",
"History of India",
"History of Poland",
"Sogdia",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Lê dynasty",
"Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of slavery",
"Social structure of China",
"Military history of Japan",
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"History of Lithuania",
"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Europe",
"Institutional racism",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Xiongnu",
"China–Iran relations",
"Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399",
"Yunnan",
"Inner Mongolia",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"History of cartography",
"Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent",
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"Mao Zedong",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"History of Buddhism",
"Ming treasure voyages",
"Chinese noble titles in the imperial period",
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"Marco Polo",
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"Eastern esotericism",
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"History of Japan",
"Emperor Wu of Han",
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"Chinese folk religion",
"Southern Tang",
"Eunuchs in China",
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"Chinese mythology",
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"History of painting",
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"Afghanistan",
"History of Malaysia",
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"Portugal",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Four occupations",
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"History of Afghanistan",
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"Ayyubid dynasty",
"History of Tibetan Buddhism",
"Reformation",
"Joseph Stalin",
"History of Tyre, Lebanon",
"An Lushan rebellion",
"Confucianism",
"Boxer Rebellion",
"Yemen",
"History of socialism",
"Arabs",
"Lao rebellion (1826–1828)",
"First Sino-Japanese War",
"Monguor people",
"Spanish Empire",
"Pakistan",
"History of Missouri",
"Zhuang people",
"Emperor Taizong of Tang",
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"Slavery",
"Ghazan",
"Mongolia under Qing rule",
"History of Shinto",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Joseon Army",
"Islamic architecture",
"Nazi racial theories",
"Goguryeo",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"History of Chechnya",
"Religion in the Song dynasty",
"Ögedei Khan",
"History of the Roman Empire",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"History of the Republic of China",
"Thailand",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"History of Cumbria",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Qing dynasty coinage",
"Reconstruction era",
"History of Azerbaijan",
"Muslim conquests of Afghanistan",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Yongle Emperor",
"Mexican Revolution",
"Charles George Gordon",
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"History of Mexico",
"Northern Wei",
"Confucius",
"Uyghur genocide",
"First Bulgarian Empire",
"Chinese Indonesians",
"Kaidu",
"History of medicine",
"History of England",
"History of literature",
"Soviet Union",
"Srivijaya",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Kazakhstan",
"Ancient Egypt",
"Western imperialism in Asia",
"History of Basilan",
"Akbar",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Vilnius",
"Government of the Han dynasty",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Axis powers",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"French Directory",
"Self-Strengthening Movement",
"History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia",
"Cossacks",
"Achaemenid Empire",
"British Raj",
"Scotland in the early modern period",
"Military of the Han dynasty",
"Byzantine navy",
"History of Paris",
"Fatimid Caliphate",
"Traditional Chinese medicine",
"Zhu Wen",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Freedom of religion in Asia by country",
"China–United States relations",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"Fidel Castro",
"Riau Islands",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Tibet under Qing rule",
"History of Thailand",
"French Resistance",
"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
"History of Italy",
"Persecution of Buddhists",
"History of Uzbekistan",
"History of Christianity",
"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
"Human rights in China",
"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
"Kerala",
"France in the Middle Ages",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"First Mongol invasion of Burma",
"Colonial history of the United States",
"Women in ancient and imperial China",
"History of libraries",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"Hungary",
"Assyria",
"Urfa",
"Oirats",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Crusades",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of Kyrgyzstan",
"Thracian religion",
"History of Albania",
"List of book-burning incidents",
"Egypt",
"Sierra Leone",
"Delhi Sultanate",
"Subutai",
"Chinese astronomy",
"Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
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"Holy Roman Empire",
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"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"China–India relations",
"Detribalization",
"Iraq",
"History of Detroit",
"Western Roman Empire",
"Anti-Chinese sentiment",
"Emperor Xuanzong of Tang",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Lithuania",
"Myanmar",
"Economic history of Japan",
"Roman Republic",
"History of Portugal",
"Mongol invasion of Europe",
"History of Ghana",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
"Somalia",
"History of science and technology in China",
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"Culture of the Song dynasty",
"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
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"Late Roman army",
"Chinese mathematics",
"Chan Buddhism",
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"Slavery in the United States",
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"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
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"Empress Dowager Cixi",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of country-name etymologies",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
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"Early Middle Ages",
"New Deal",
"Vietnam War",
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"Regency of Algiers",
"Early Muslim conquests",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"France",
"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
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"Millennials",
"Light in painting",
"Kingdom of Galicia",
"Iloilo City",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"Sharia",
"Guan Yu",
"Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire",
"Military of the Ming dynasty",
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"Human cannibalism",
"Khazars",
"1340s",
"Zhangjiakou",
"History of Belgium",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"History of Morocco",
"Catherine the Great",
"European Union law",
"History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance",
"Alexander the Great",
"Dynasties of China",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Fashion in the Yuan dynasty",
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"Korea under Japanese rule",
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"List of Fables characters",
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"History of magic",
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"History of lute-family instruments",
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"History of Chinese cuisine",
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] |
57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The system of bureaucracy created by Kublai Khan reflected various cultures in the empire, including that of the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists. While the official terminology of the institutions may indicate the government structure was almost purely that of native Chinese dynasties, the Yuan bureaucracy actually consisted of a mix of elements from different cultures. The Chinese-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties. Chinese advisers such as Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu gave strong influence to Kublai's early court, and the central government administration was established within the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices, including the Central Secretariat (Zhongshu Sheng) to manage civil affairs, the Privy Council (Chinese: 樞密院) to manage military affairs, and the Censorate to conduct internal surveillance and inspection. The actual functions of both central and local government institutions, however, showed a major overlap between the civil and military jurisdictions, due to the Mongol traditional reliance on military institutions and offices as the core of governance. Nevertheless, such a civilian bureaucracy, with the Central Secretariat as the top institution that was (directly or indirectly) responsible for most other governmental agencies (such as the traditional Chinese-style Six Ministries), was created in China. At various times another central government institution called the Department of State Affairs (Shangshu Sheng) that mainly dealt with finance was established (such as during the reign of Külüg Khan or Emperor Wuzong), but was usually abandoned shortly afterwards.",
"hi": "कुबलाई खान द्वारा बनाई गई नौकरशाही की प्रणाली ने साम्राज्य में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों जैसे हान चीनी, खितान, जर्केंस, मंगोल और तिब्बती बौद्ध को प्रतिबिंबित किया। हालांकि संस्थानों की आधिकारिक शब्दावली यह संकेत दे सकती है कि सरकारी संरचना लगभग पूरी तरह से देशी चीनी राजवंशों की थी, युआन नौकरशाही वास्तव में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों के तत्वों के मिश्रण से बनी थी। नौकरशाही के चीनी शैली के तत्व मुख्य रूप से देशी तांग, सांग, साथ ही साथ खेतान लियाओ और जर्केन जिन राजवंशों से आए थे। चीनी सलाहकारों जैसे कि लियू बिंगज़ॉन्ग और याओ शू ने कुबलाई के शुरुआती दरबार को मजबूत प्रभाव दिया, और कुबलाई के शासन के पहले दशक के भीतर केंद्र सरकार के प्रशासन को स्थापित किया गया था। इस सरकार ने पारंपरिक चीनी त्रिपक्षीय अधिकार का विभाजन नागरिक, सैन्य, और आलोचनात्मक कार्यालय के बीच अपनाया, जिसमें नागरिक मामलों का प्रबंधन करने के लिए केंद्रीय सचिवालय (झोंगशू शेंग), प्रिविंस काउंसिल (चीनी:樞密院) सैन्य मामलों का प्रबंधन और आंतरिक निगरानी और निरीक्षण करने के लिए सेंसर किया। हालांकि, दोनों केंद्रीय और स्थानीय सरकारी संस्थानों के वास्तविक कार्यों ने नागरिक और सैन्य न्यायालयों के बीच एक प्रमुख अधिव्यापन दिखाया, जोकि शासन के मूल के रूप में सैन्य संस्थानों और कार्यालयों पर मंगोल की पारंपरिक निर्भरता के कारण था। फिर भी, ऐसी नागरिक नौकरशाही, केंद्रीय सचिवालय के साथ शीर्ष संस्था के रूप में थी जो (प्रत्यक्ष या अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से) अधिकांश अन्य सरकारी एजेंसियों (जैसेकि पारंपरिक चीनी शैली के छह मंत्रालयों) के लिए जिम्मेदार थी, जो चीन में बनाई गई थी। कई बार एक अन्य केंद्रीय सरकारी संस्थान ने राज्य मामलों के विभाग (शांगशू शेंग) को कहा था कि मुख्य रूप से वित्त से निपटने के लिए स्थापित गया था (जैसे कि कुल्लुग खान या सम्राट वुज़ोंग के शासनकाल के दौरान), लेकिन इसे कुछ समय के तुरंत बाद बंद कर दिया गया था।"
} | {
"en": "Who were two of Kublai's Chinese advisers?",
"hi": "कुबलाई के दो चीनी सलाहकार कौन थे?"
} | {
"en": [
"Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu"
],
"hi": [
"लियू बिंगज़ॉन्ग और याओ शू"
]
} | {
"en": [
565,
565,
565
],
"hi": [
492
]
} | [
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"History and Society.History"
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"Kublai Khan",
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"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
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"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
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"Miscegenation",
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"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
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"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
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"Mamluk Sultanate",
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] |
57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The system of bureaucracy created by Kublai Khan reflected various cultures in the empire, including that of the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists. While the official terminology of the institutions may indicate the government structure was almost purely that of native Chinese dynasties, the Yuan bureaucracy actually consisted of a mix of elements from different cultures. The Chinese-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties. Chinese advisers such as Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu gave strong influence to Kublai's early court, and the central government administration was established within the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices, including the Central Secretariat (Zhongshu Sheng) to manage civil affairs, the Privy Council (Chinese: 樞密院) to manage military affairs, and the Censorate to conduct internal surveillance and inspection. The actual functions of both central and local government institutions, however, showed a major overlap between the civil and military jurisdictions, due to the Mongol traditional reliance on military institutions and offices as the core of governance. Nevertheless, such a civilian bureaucracy, with the Central Secretariat as the top institution that was (directly or indirectly) responsible for most other governmental agencies (such as the traditional Chinese-style Six Ministries), was created in China. At various times another central government institution called the Department of State Affairs (Shangshu Sheng) that mainly dealt with finance was established (such as during the reign of Külüg Khan or Emperor Wuzong), but was usually abandoned shortly afterwards.",
"hi": "कुबलाई खान द्वारा बनाई गई नौकरशाही की प्रणाली ने साम्राज्य में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों जैसे हान चीनी, खितान, जर्केंस, मंगोल और तिब्बती बौद्ध को प्रतिबिंबित किया। हालांकि संस्थानों की आधिकारिक शब्दावली यह संकेत दे सकती है कि सरकारी संरचना लगभग पूरी तरह से देशी चीनी राजवंशों की थी, युआन नौकरशाही वास्तव में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों के तत्वों के मिश्रण से बनी थी। नौकरशाही के चीनी शैली के तत्व मुख्य रूप से देशी तांग, सांग, साथ ही साथ खेतान लियाओ और जर्केन जिन राजवंशों से आए थे। चीनी सलाहकारों जैसे कि लियू बिंगज़ॉन्ग और याओ शू ने कुबलाई के शुरुआती दरबार को मजबूत प्रभाव दिया, और कुबलाई के शासन के पहले दशक के भीतर केंद्र सरकार के प्रशासन को स्थापित किया गया था। इस सरकार ने पारंपरिक चीनी त्रिपक्षीय अधिकार का विभाजन नागरिक, सैन्य, और आलोचनात्मक कार्यालय के बीच अपनाया, जिसमें नागरिक मामलों का प्रबंधन करने के लिए केंद्रीय सचिवालय (झोंगशू शेंग), प्रिविंस काउंसिल (चीनी:樞密院) सैन्य मामलों का प्रबंधन और आंतरिक निगरानी और निरीक्षण करने के लिए सेंसर किया। हालांकि, दोनों केंद्रीय और स्थानीय सरकारी संस्थानों के वास्तविक कार्यों ने नागरिक और सैन्य न्यायालयों के बीच एक प्रमुख अधिव्यापन दिखाया, जोकि शासन के मूल के रूप में सैन्य संस्थानों और कार्यालयों पर मंगोल की पारंपरिक निर्भरता के कारण था। फिर भी, ऐसी नागरिक नौकरशाही, केंद्रीय सचिवालय के साथ शीर्ष संस्था के रूप में थी जो (प्रत्यक्ष या अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से) अधिकांश अन्य सरकारी एजेंसियों (जैसेकि पारंपरिक चीनी शैली के छह मंत्रालयों) के लिए जिम्मेदार थी, जो चीन में बनाई गई थी। कई बार एक अन्य केंद्रीय सरकारी संस्थान ने राज्य मामलों के विभाग (शांगशू शेंग) को कहा था कि मुख्य रूप से वित्त से निपटने के लिए स्थापित गया था (जैसे कि कुल्लुग खान या सम्राट वुज़ोंग के शासनकाल के दौरान), लेकिन इसे कुछ समय के तुरंत बाद बंद कर दिया गया था।"
} | {
"en": "What kind of division of power did Kublai's government have?",
"hi": "कुबलाई की सरकार के पास किस तरह के विभाजन की शक्ति था?"
} | {
"en": [
"tripartite"
],
"hi": [
"त्रिपक्षीय"
]
} | {
"en": [
787,
787,
787
],
"hi": [
679
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"Kublai Khan",
"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
"History of Beijing",
"History of China",
"History of the Song dynasty",
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"Ming dynasty",
"Liao dynasty",
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"Qing dynasty",
"Mongol conquest of China",
"Transition from Ming to Qing",
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"Song dynasty",
"History of Xinjiang",
"Golden Horde",
"Military history of China before 1912",
"History of Asia",
"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
"Manchu people",
"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
"Administration of territory in dynastic China",
"Persecution of Muslims",
"Religion in the Mongol Empire",
"Society of the Mongol Empire",
"China",
"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
"History of Palestine",
"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
"History of gunpowder",
"Đại Việt",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Foreign relations of imperial China",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Mongol invasions of Vietnam",
"Cao Cao",
"History of Sino–Korean relations",
"History of the Philippines",
"Möngke Khan",
"Joseon",
"Nguyễn dynasty",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Beijing",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Wu Zetian",
"History of Iran",
"History of France",
"Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)",
"Hongwu Emperor",
"Safavid Iran",
"History of Tunisia",
"Taiwanese indigenous peoples",
"Han Chinese",
"Taoism",
"History of Australia",
"Tây Sơn wars",
"Chinese culture",
"Political history of the world",
"Middle Ages",
"History of Tibet",
"Hoa people",
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"Qianlong Emperor",
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"Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Interracial marriage",
"Imperial Preceptor",
"Western Xia",
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"Sasanian Empire",
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"Mongolia",
"History of Korea",
"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
"Three Kingdoms",
"Balhae",
"Goryeo under Mongol rule",
"Age of Discovery",
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"Silk Road",
"History of the Kuomintang",
"Zhuge Liang",
"Chiang Kai-shek",
"Islam during the Yuan dynasty",
"Sima Yi",
"Northern and Southern dynasties",
"History of the Assyrians",
"Xinjiang under Qing rule",
"Empire",
"Nanjing",
"Taiwan",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Wu Ding",
"Uyghurs",
"History of India",
"History of Poland",
"Sogdia",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Lê dynasty",
"Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of slavery",
"Social structure of China",
"Military history of Japan",
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"History of Lithuania",
"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Europe",
"Institutional racism",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Xiongnu",
"China–Iran relations",
"Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399",
"Yunnan",
"Inner Mongolia",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"History of cartography",
"Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent",
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"Mao Zedong",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"History of Buddhism",
"Ming treasure voyages",
"Chinese noble titles in the imperial period",
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"Chinese folk religion",
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"History of painting",
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"Afghanistan",
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"Ayyubid dynasty",
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"Reformation",
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"An Lushan rebellion",
"Confucianism",
"Boxer Rebellion",
"Yemen",
"History of socialism",
"Arabs",
"Lao rebellion (1826–1828)",
"First Sino-Japanese War",
"Monguor people",
"Spanish Empire",
"Pakistan",
"History of Missouri",
"Zhuang people",
"Emperor Taizong of Tang",
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"Slavery",
"Ghazan",
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"History of Shinto",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
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"Nazi racial theories",
"Goguryeo",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"History of Chechnya",
"Religion in the Song dynasty",
"Ögedei Khan",
"History of the Roman Empire",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"History of the Republic of China",
"Thailand",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
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"Leon Trotsky",
"Qing dynasty coinage",
"Reconstruction era",
"History of Azerbaijan",
"Muslim conquests of Afghanistan",
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"Yongle Emperor",
"Mexican Revolution",
"Charles George Gordon",
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"History of Mexico",
"Northern Wei",
"Confucius",
"Uyghur genocide",
"First Bulgarian Empire",
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"Kaidu",
"History of medicine",
"History of England",
"History of literature",
"Soviet Union",
"Srivijaya",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Kazakhstan",
"Ancient Egypt",
"Western imperialism in Asia",
"History of Basilan",
"Akbar",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Vilnius",
"Government of the Han dynasty",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Axis powers",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"French Directory",
"Self-Strengthening Movement",
"History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia",
"Cossacks",
"Achaemenid Empire",
"British Raj",
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"Military of the Han dynasty",
"Byzantine navy",
"History of Paris",
"Fatimid Caliphate",
"Traditional Chinese medicine",
"Zhu Wen",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Freedom of religion in Asia by country",
"China–United States relations",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"Fidel Castro",
"Riau Islands",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Tibet under Qing rule",
"History of Thailand",
"French Resistance",
"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
"History of Italy",
"Persecution of Buddhists",
"History of Uzbekistan",
"History of Christianity",
"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
"Human rights in China",
"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
"Kerala",
"France in the Middle Ages",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"First Mongol invasion of Burma",
"Colonial history of the United States",
"Women in ancient and imperial China",
"History of libraries",
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"History of United States foreign policy",
"Hungary",
"Assyria",
"Urfa",
"Oirats",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Crusades",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of Kyrgyzstan",
"Thracian religion",
"History of Albania",
"List of book-burning incidents",
"Egypt",
"Sierra Leone",
"Delhi Sultanate",
"Subutai",
"Chinese astronomy",
"Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan",
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"Holy Roman Empire",
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"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"China–India relations",
"Detribalization",
"Iraq",
"History of Detroit",
"Western Roman Empire",
"Anti-Chinese sentiment",
"Emperor Xuanzong of Tang",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Lithuania",
"Myanmar",
"Economic history of Japan",
"Roman Republic",
"History of Portugal",
"Mongol invasion of Europe",
"History of Ghana",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
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"History of science and technology in China",
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"Culture of the Song dynasty",
"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
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"Chinese mathematics",
"Chan Buddhism",
"History of the United States government",
"Slavery in the United States",
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"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Great Game",
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"History of West Africa",
"Empress Dowager Cixi",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of country-name etymologies",
"Roman Egypt",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Turkey",
"Early Middle Ages",
"New Deal",
"Vietnam War",
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"Regency of Algiers",
"Early Muslim conquests",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"France",
"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
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"Millennials",
"Light in painting",
"Kingdom of Galicia",
"Iloilo City",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"Sharia",
"Guan Yu",
"Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire",
"Military of the Ming dynasty",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Wahhabism",
"Human cannibalism",
"Khazars",
"1340s",
"Zhangjiakou",
"History of Belgium",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"History of Morocco",
"Catherine the Great",
"European Union law",
"History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance",
"Alexander the Great",
"Dynasties of China",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Fashion in the Yuan dynasty",
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"Korea under Japanese rule",
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"Hua–Yi distinction",
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"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
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"List of Fables characters",
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"History of Virginia",
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"History of lute-family instruments",
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] |
57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The system of bureaucracy created by Kublai Khan reflected various cultures in the empire, including that of the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists. While the official terminology of the institutions may indicate the government structure was almost purely that of native Chinese dynasties, the Yuan bureaucracy actually consisted of a mix of elements from different cultures. The Chinese-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly came from the native Tang, Song, as well as Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin dynasties. Chinese advisers such as Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu gave strong influence to Kublai's early court, and the central government administration was established within the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among civil, military, and censorial offices, including the Central Secretariat (Zhongshu Sheng) to manage civil affairs, the Privy Council (Chinese: 樞密院) to manage military affairs, and the Censorate to conduct internal surveillance and inspection. The actual functions of both central and local government institutions, however, showed a major overlap between the civil and military jurisdictions, due to the Mongol traditional reliance on military institutions and offices as the core of governance. Nevertheless, such a civilian bureaucracy, with the Central Secretariat as the top institution that was (directly or indirectly) responsible for most other governmental agencies (such as the traditional Chinese-style Six Ministries), was created in China. At various times another central government institution called the Department of State Affairs (Shangshu Sheng) that mainly dealt with finance was established (such as during the reign of Külüg Khan or Emperor Wuzong), but was usually abandoned shortly afterwards.",
"hi": "कुबलाई खान द्वारा बनाई गई नौकरशाही की प्रणाली ने साम्राज्य में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों जैसे हान चीनी, खितान, जर्केंस, मंगोल और तिब्बती बौद्ध को प्रतिबिंबित किया। हालांकि संस्थानों की आधिकारिक शब्दावली यह संकेत दे सकती है कि सरकारी संरचना लगभग पूरी तरह से देशी चीनी राजवंशों की थी, युआन नौकरशाही वास्तव में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों के तत्वों के मिश्रण से बनी थी। नौकरशाही के चीनी शैली के तत्व मुख्य रूप से देशी तांग, सांग, साथ ही साथ खेतान लियाओ और जर्केन जिन राजवंशों से आए थे। चीनी सलाहकारों जैसे कि लियू बिंगज़ॉन्ग और याओ शू ने कुबलाई के शुरुआती दरबार को मजबूत प्रभाव दिया, और कुबलाई के शासन के पहले दशक के भीतर केंद्र सरकार के प्रशासन को स्थापित किया गया था। इस सरकार ने पारंपरिक चीनी त्रिपक्षीय अधिकार का विभाजन नागरिक, सैन्य, और आलोचनात्मक कार्यालय के बीच अपनाया, जिसमें नागरिक मामलों का प्रबंधन करने के लिए केंद्रीय सचिवालय (झोंगशू शेंग), प्रिविंस काउंसिल (चीनी:樞密院) सैन्य मामलों का प्रबंधन और आंतरिक निगरानी और निरीक्षण करने के लिए सेंसर किया। हालांकि, दोनों केंद्रीय और स्थानीय सरकारी संस्थानों के वास्तविक कार्यों ने नागरिक और सैन्य न्यायालयों के बीच एक प्रमुख अधिव्यापन दिखाया, जोकि शासन के मूल के रूप में सैन्य संस्थानों और कार्यालयों पर मंगोल की पारंपरिक निर्भरता के कारण था। फिर भी, ऐसी नागरिक नौकरशाही, केंद्रीय सचिवालय के साथ शीर्ष संस्था के रूप में थी जो (प्रत्यक्ष या अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से) अधिकांश अन्य सरकारी एजेंसियों (जैसेकि पारंपरिक चीनी शैली के छह मंत्रालयों) के लिए जिम्मेदार थी, जो चीन में बनाई गई थी। कई बार एक अन्य केंद्रीय सरकारी संस्थान ने राज्य मामलों के विभाग (शांगशू शेंग) को कहा था कि मुख्य रूप से वित्त से निपटने के लिए स्थापित गया था (जैसे कि कुल्लुग खान या सम्राट वुज़ोंग के शासनकाल के दौरान), लेकिन इसे कुछ समय के तुरंत बाद बंद कर दिया गया था।"
} | {
"en": "What were the three parts of Kublai's government?",
"hi": "कुबलाई की सरकार के तीन हिस्से कौन-से थे?"
} | {
"en": [
"civil, military, and censorial offices"
],
"hi": [
"नागरिक, सैन्य, और आलोचनात्मक कार्यालय"
]
} | {
"en": [
826,
826,
826
],
"hi": [
707
]
} | [
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"History and Society.History"
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"Yuan dynasty",
"History of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongol Empire",
"Kublai Khan",
"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
"History of Beijing",
"History of China",
"History of the Song dynasty",
"Semu",
"Economic history of China before 1912",
"Ming dynasty",
"Liao dynasty",
"Religion in China",
"Imperial examination",
"Tang dynasty",
"Qing dynasty",
"Mongol conquest of China",
"Transition from Ming to Qing",
"Ming–Tibet relations",
"Song dynasty",
"History of Xinjiang",
"Golden Horde",
"Military history of China before 1912",
"History of Asia",
"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
"Manchu people",
"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
"History of East Asia",
"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
"Administration of territory in dynastic China",
"Persecution of Muslims",
"Religion in the Mongol Empire",
"Society of the Mongol Empire",
"China",
"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
"History of Palestine",
"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
"History of gunpowder",
"Đại Việt",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Foreign relations of imperial China",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Mongol invasions of Vietnam",
"Cao Cao",
"History of Sino–Korean relations",
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"Möngke Khan",
"Joseon",
"Nguyễn dynasty",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
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"Role of Christianity in civilization",
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"Hongwu Emperor",
"Safavid Iran",
"History of Tunisia",
"Taiwanese indigenous peoples",
"Han Chinese",
"Taoism",
"History of Australia",
"Tây Sơn wars",
"Chinese culture",
"Political history of the world",
"Middle Ages",
"History of Tibet",
"Hoa people",
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"Interracial marriage",
"Imperial Preceptor",
"Western Xia",
"History of the Netherlands",
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"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
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"Balhae",
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"Lê dynasty",
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"History of slavery",
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"Institutional racism",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Xiongnu",
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"Külüg Khan",
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"History of Christianity",
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"Spread of Islam",
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"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
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"Presidency of Donald Trump",
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"History of Ghana",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
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"Chan Buddhism",
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"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
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"Empress Dowager Cixi",
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"List of country-name etymologies",
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"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
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"Nicolae Iorga",
"Fashion in the Yuan dynasty",
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"Korea under Japanese rule",
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"Qocho",
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"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
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"List of Fables characters",
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"Tusi",
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] |
572881d34b864d1900164a5a | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.",
"hi": "चीन में युआन कोर्ट के नेस्तोरियन ईसाइयों द्वारा पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का भी अभ्यास किया गया था,जहां इसे कभी-कभी हुइहुई या मुस्लिम चिकित्सा के रूप में वर्गीकृत किया जाता था। नेस्तोरियन चिकित्सक जीसस द इंटरप्रेटर ने कुबलई के शासनकाल में 1263 में पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यालय की स्थापना की। दो शाही अस्पतालों में कार्यरत हुइहुई डॉक्टरों के अधिकारी शाही परिवार और अदालत के सदस्यों के इलाज के लिए जिम्मेदार थे। चीनी चिकित्सकों ने पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का विरोध किया क्योंकि इसकी त्रिदोषन प्रणाली ने यिन-यांग और वू जिंग दर्शन की अंतर्निहित पारंपरिक चीनी चिकित्सा का खंडन किया। पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यों का कोई चीनी अनुवाद ज्ञात नहीं है,परंतु यह संभव है कि चीन में एविसेना की कैनन ऑफ़ मेडिसिन तक पहुंच थी।"
} | {
"en": "What was huihui?",
"hi": "हुइहुई क्या थे?"
} | {
"en": [
"Muslim medicine"
],
"hi": [
"मुस्लिम चिकित्सा"
]
} | {
"en": [
136,
136,
136
],
"hi": [
117
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"History of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongol Empire",
"Kublai Khan",
"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
"History of Beijing",
"History of China",
"History of the Song dynasty",
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"History of Xinjiang",
"Golden Horde",
"Military history of China before 1912",
"History of Asia",
"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
"Manchu people",
"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
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"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
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"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
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"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
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"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
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"History of Sino–Korean relations",
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"Role of Christianity in civilization",
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"History of Iran",
"History of France",
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"History of Taiwan",
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"Ögedei Khan",
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"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
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"History of Mexican Americans",
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"Leon Trotsky",
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"Paris in the 18th century",
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"Chan Buddhism",
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"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Great Game",
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"Empress Dowager Cixi",
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"List of country-name etymologies",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
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"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
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"Tusi",
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"Benito Mussolini",
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"History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom",
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"Shanxi",
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"History of slavery in the Muslim world",
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"Barbarian",
"Amin al-Husseini",
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"Roman imperial cult",
"Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor",
"History of Hinduism",
"Russia",
"Prussian Union of Churches",
"Sexuality in ancient Rome",
"Frisian freedom",
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"Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War",
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"14th Dalai Lama",
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] |
572881d34b864d1900164a5b | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.",
"hi": "चीन में युआन कोर्ट के नेस्तोरियन ईसाइयों द्वारा पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का भी अभ्यास किया गया था,जहां इसे कभी-कभी हुइहुई या मुस्लिम चिकित्सा के रूप में वर्गीकृत किया जाता था। नेस्तोरियन चिकित्सक जीसस द इंटरप्रेटर ने कुबलई के शासनकाल में 1263 में पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यालय की स्थापना की। दो शाही अस्पतालों में कार्यरत हुइहुई डॉक्टरों के अधिकारी शाही परिवार और अदालत के सदस्यों के इलाज के लिए जिम्मेदार थे। चीनी चिकित्सकों ने पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का विरोध किया क्योंकि इसकी त्रिदोषन प्रणाली ने यिन-यांग और वू जिंग दर्शन की अंतर्निहित पारंपरिक चीनी चिकित्सा का खंडन किया। पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यों का कोई चीनी अनुवाद ज्ञात नहीं है,परंतु यह संभव है कि चीन में एविसेना की कैनन ऑफ़ मेडिसिन तक पहुंच थी।"
} | {
"en": "Who founded the Office of Western Medicine?",
"hi": "पश्चिमी चिकित्सा के कार्यालय की स्थापना किसने की?"
} | {
"en": [
"Jesus the Interpreter"
],
"hi": [
"जीसस द इंटरप्रेटर"
]
} | {
"en": [
177,
177,
177
],
"hi": [
188
]
} | [
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] |
572881d34b864d1900164a5c | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.",
"hi": "चीन में युआन कोर्ट के नेस्तोरियन ईसाइयों द्वारा पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का भी अभ्यास किया गया था,जहां इसे कभी-कभी हुइहुई या मुस्लिम चिकित्सा के रूप में वर्गीकृत किया जाता था। नेस्तोरियन चिकित्सक जीसस द इंटरप्रेटर ने कुबलई के शासनकाल में 1263 में पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यालय की स्थापना की। दो शाही अस्पतालों में कार्यरत हुइहुई डॉक्टरों के अधिकारी शाही परिवार और अदालत के सदस्यों के इलाज के लिए जिम्मेदार थे। चीनी चिकित्सकों ने पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का विरोध किया क्योंकि इसकी त्रिदोषन प्रणाली ने यिन-यांग और वू जिंग दर्शन की अंतर्निहित पारंपरिक चीनी चिकित्सा का खंडन किया। पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यों का कोई चीनी अनुवाद ज्ञात नहीं है,परंतु यह संभव है कि चीन में एविसेना की कैनन ऑफ़ मेडिसिन तक पहुंच थी।"
} | {
"en": "When was the Office of Western Medicine founded?",
"hi": "पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यालय की स्थापना कब की गई थी?"
} | {
"en": [
"1263"
],
"hi": [
"1263 में"
]
} | {
"en": [
241,
241,
241
],
"hi": [
230
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"Li Siyuan",
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
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"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
"History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant",
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"Chan Buddhism",
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"List of country-name etymologies",
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] |
572881d34b864d1900164a5d | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.",
"hi": "चीन में युआन कोर्ट के नेस्तोरियन ईसाइयों द्वारा पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का भी अभ्यास किया गया था,जहां इसे कभी-कभी हुइहुई या मुस्लिम चिकित्सा के रूप में वर्गीकृत किया जाता था। नेस्तोरियन चिकित्सक जीसस द इंटरप्रेटर ने कुबलई के शासनकाल में 1263 में पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यालय की स्थापना की। दो शाही अस्पतालों में कार्यरत हुइहुई डॉक्टरों के अधिकारी शाही परिवार और अदालत के सदस्यों के इलाज के लिए जिम्मेदार थे। चीनी चिकित्सकों ने पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का विरोध किया क्योंकि इसकी त्रिदोषन प्रणाली ने यिन-यांग और वू जिंग दर्शन की अंतर्निहित पारंपरिक चीनी चिकित्सा का खंडन किया। पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यों का कोई चीनी अनुवाद ज्ञात नहीं है,परंतु यह संभव है कि चीन में एविसेना की कैनन ऑफ़ मेडिसिन तक पहुंच थी।"
} | {
"en": "What aspect of Western medicine did the Chinese dislike?",
"hi": "पश्चिमी चिकित्सा के किस पहलू को चीनी ने नापसंद किया?"
} | {
"en": [
"its humoral system"
],
"hi": [
"त्रिदोषन प्रणाली"
]
} | {
"en": [
451,
451,
455
],
"hi": [
461
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"Kublai Khan",
"History of Mongolia",
"Islam in China",
"History of Islam in China",
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"Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty",
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"Hanfu",
"History of the Ming dynasty",
"Goryeo",
"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
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"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
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"History of Vietnam",
"History of Islam",
"History of the Great Wall of China",
"Genghis Khan",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Northern Yuan",
"Jin dynasty (1115–1234)",
"Administration of territory in dynastic China",
"Persecution of Muslims",
"Religion in the Mongol Empire",
"Society of the Mongol Empire",
"China",
"Post-classical history",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of Germany",
"History of Western civilization",
"Jin–Song Wars",
"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
"History of Palestine",
"Mamluk Sultanate",
"History of Austria",
"History of gunpowder",
"Đại Việt",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Foreign relations of imperial China",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Mongol invasions of Vietnam",
"Cao Cao",
"History of Sino–Korean relations",
"History of the Philippines",
"Möngke Khan",
"Joseon",
"Nguyễn dynasty",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Beijing",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"Wu Zetian",
"History of Iran",
"History of France",
"Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)",
"Hongwu Emperor",
"Safavid Iran",
"History of Tunisia",
"Taiwanese indigenous peoples",
"Han Chinese",
"Taoism",
"History of Australia",
"Tây Sơn wars",
"Chinese culture",
"Political history of the world",
"Middle Ages",
"History of Tibet",
"Hoa people",
"Military of the Yuan dynasty",
"Qianlong Emperor",
"Society and culture of the Han dynasty",
"Islam during the Ming dynasty",
"Crusader states",
"Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Interracial marriage",
"Imperial Preceptor",
"Western Xia",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Sasanian Empire",
"Military of the Goryeo Dynasty",
"Mongolia",
"History of Korea",
"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
"Three Kingdoms",
"Balhae",
"Goryeo under Mongol rule",
"Age of Discovery",
"Ottoman Empire",
"Silk Road",
"History of the Kuomintang",
"Zhuge Liang",
"Chiang Kai-shek",
"Islam during the Yuan dynasty",
"Sima Yi",
"Northern and Southern dynasties",
"History of the Assyrians",
"Xinjiang under Qing rule",
"Empire",
"Nanjing",
"Taiwan",
"History of Lisbon",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Wu Ding",
"Uyghurs",
"History of India",
"History of Poland",
"Sogdia",
"Chinese Filipino",
"Lê dynasty",
"Shia Islam in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of slavery",
"Social structure of China",
"Military history of Japan",
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"History of Lithuania",
"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Europe",
"Institutional racism",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Xiongnu",
"China–Iran relations",
"Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399",
"Yunnan",
"Inner Mongolia",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"History of cartography",
"Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent",
"History of Russia",
"Mao Zedong",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"History of Buddhism",
"Ming treasure voyages",
"Chinese noble titles in the imperial period",
"World War II by country",
"Marco Polo",
"Cultural Revolution",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Russian Empire",
"Serbia in the Middle Ages",
"Second Sino-Japanese War",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Eastern esotericism",
"History of Speyer",
"Franco-Mongol alliance",
"Europeans in Medieval China",
"History of Japan",
"Emperor Wu of Han",
"North Korea",
"Chinese folk religion",
"Southern Tang",
"Eunuchs in China",
"Human history",
"Imperial Roman army",
"History of Transylvania",
"Chinese mythology",
"Shunzhi Emperor",
"Fall of Outremer",
"Liu Bei",
"Abbasid Caliphate",
"History of the Byzantine Empire",
"Ancient Rome",
"Early modern period",
"Dungan Revolt (1862–1877)",
"History of the Uyghur people",
"Sino-Roman relations",
"Iran",
"Turkic peoples",
"Yan Xishan",
"History of Bangladesh",
"Korea",
"French Indochina",
"History of Algeria",
"Upheaval of the Five Barbarians",
"Tartan",
"Shen Kuo",
"Development communication",
"Division of the Mongol Empire",
"Roman Empire",
"Latin America",
"First Opium War",
"Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency",
"Byzantine Empire",
"Puyi",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Xuande Emperor",
"List of ancient great powers",
"History of Hungary",
"Cumans",
"Ilkhanate",
"Hellenistic period",
"Samurai",
"History of Israel",
"De-Sinicization",
"History of Guatemala",
"Science and technology of the Song dynasty",
"Military of the Qing dynasty",
"Chagatai Khanate",
"Foreign relations of India",
"History of the United States",
"Names of China",
"Confederate States of America",
"History of painting",
"South Korea",
"Afghanistan",
"History of Malaysia",
"Italy",
"Portugal",
"Champa",
"History of printing",
"Manchukuo",
"History of Spain",
"Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)",
"Qianzhuang",
"Ancient Carthage",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Greece",
"Chinese ceramics",
"Kingdom of Jerusalem",
"History of Nigeria",
"Christianity in China",
"Trần dynasty",
"Kuomintang",
"History of science",
"Military history of Myanmar",
"Pagan Kingdom",
"Tibetan Buddhism",
"Yongzheng Emperor",
"History of Central Asia",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"History of Manchuria",
"Ibn Taymiyya",
"Cold War",
"History of Scotland",
"Xinjiang",
"Anarchism in China",
"History of women in the United States",
"History of Zakynthos",
"American frontier",
"Women in Islam",
"Classical Anatolia",
"Four occupations",
"Paper money of the Qing dynasty",
"History of Afghanistan",
"Jurchen people",
"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"Chinese garden",
"Scythians",
"Science and technology of the Han dynasty",
"Chenghua Emperor",
"International relations (1814–1919)",
"Xi Jinping",
"Tibet",
"Systems of social stratification",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Ayyubid dynasty",
"History of Tibetan Buddhism",
"Reformation",
"Joseph Stalin",
"History of Tyre, Lebanon",
"An Lushan rebellion",
"Confucianism",
"Boxer Rebellion",
"Yemen",
"History of socialism",
"Arabs",
"Lao rebellion (1826–1828)",
"First Sino-Japanese War",
"Monguor people",
"Spanish Empire",
"Pakistan",
"History of Missouri",
"Zhuang people",
"Emperor Taizong of Tang",
"Vietnam",
"Slavery",
"Ghazan",
"Mongolia under Qing rule",
"History of Shinto",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Joseon Army",
"Islamic architecture",
"Nazi racial theories",
"Goguryeo",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"History of Chechnya",
"Religion in the Song dynasty",
"Ögedei Khan",
"History of the Roman Empire",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"History of the Republic of China",
"Thailand",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"History of Cumbria",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Qing dynasty coinage",
"Reconstruction era",
"History of Azerbaijan",
"Muslim conquests of Afghanistan",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Yongle Emperor",
"Mexican Revolution",
"Charles George Gordon",
"Beijing city fortifications",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"Chinese literature",
"Kalmyks",
"Economy of the Song dynasty",
"Bangladesh",
"History of Mexico",
"Northern Wei",
"Confucius",
"Uyghur genocide",
"First Bulgarian Empire",
"Chinese Indonesians",
"Kaidu",
"History of medicine",
"History of England",
"History of literature",
"Soviet Union",
"Srivijaya",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Kazakhstan",
"Ancient Egypt",
"Western imperialism in Asia",
"History of Basilan",
"Akbar",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Vilnius",
"Government of the Han dynasty",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Axis powers",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"French Directory",
"Self-Strengthening Movement",
"History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia",
"Cossacks",
"Achaemenid Empire",
"British Raj",
"Scotland in the early modern period",
"Military of the Han dynasty",
"Byzantine navy",
"History of Paris",
"Fatimid Caliphate",
"Traditional Chinese medicine",
"Zhu Wen",
"History of the Southern United States",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Freedom of religion in Asia by country",
"China–United States relations",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"Fidel Castro",
"Riau Islands",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Tibet under Qing rule",
"History of Thailand",
"French Resistance",
"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
"History of Italy",
"Persecution of Buddhists",
"History of Uzbekistan",
"History of Christianity",
"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
"Human rights in China",
"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
"Kerala",
"France in the Middle Ages",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"First Mongol invasion of Burma",
"Colonial history of the United States",
"Women in ancient and imperial China",
"History of libraries",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"Hungary",
"Assyria",
"Urfa",
"Oirats",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Crusades",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of Kyrgyzstan",
"Thracian religion",
"History of Albania",
"List of book-burning incidents",
"Egypt",
"Sierra Leone",
"Delhi Sultanate",
"Subutai",
"Chinese astronomy",
"Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Pax Mongolica",
"Holy Roman Empire",
"South African Border War",
"History of the Catholic Church in Mexico",
"China–India relations",
"Detribalization",
"Iraq",
"History of Detroit",
"Western Roman Empire",
"Anti-Chinese sentiment",
"Emperor Xuanzong of Tang",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Lithuania",
"Myanmar",
"Economic history of Japan",
"Roman Republic",
"History of Portugal",
"Mongol invasion of Europe",
"History of Ghana",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
"Somalia",
"History of science and technology in China",
"Napoleon III",
"Dominican Republic",
"Culture of the Song dynasty",
"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
"History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant",
"Late Roman army",
"Chinese mathematics",
"Chan Buddhism",
"History of the United States government",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Great Game",
"Berbers",
"History of West Africa",
"Empress Dowager Cixi",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of country-name etymologies",
"Roman Egypt",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Turkey",
"Early Middle Ages",
"New Deal",
"Vietnam War",
"Macedonia (ancient kingdom)",
"Regency of Algiers",
"Early Muslim conquests",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"France",
"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
"Iranian Revolution",
"Millennials",
"Light in painting",
"Kingdom of Galicia",
"Iloilo City",
"Historiography of the British Empire",
"Sharia",
"Guan Yu",
"Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire",
"Military of the Ming dynasty",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Wahhabism",
"Human cannibalism",
"Khazars",
"1340s",
"Zhangjiakou",
"History of Belgium",
"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
"History of Morocco",
"Catherine the Great",
"European Union law",
"History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance",
"Alexander the Great",
"Dynasties of China",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Fashion in the Yuan dynasty",
"Empire of Japan",
"Korea under Japanese rule",
"History of Georgia (country)",
"Hua–Yi distinction",
"Piracy",
"Falun Gong",
"Qocho",
"Mongol invasions of Korea",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Chinese Esoteric Buddhism",
"Syria",
"Civil rights movement",
"Taiping Rebellion",
"Islamic terrorism",
"List of Fables characters",
"American Revolution",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"Yuan dynasty coinage",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Nanzhao",
"Nomadic empire",
"Economic history of France",
"Cambodia",
"Chinese painting",
"Second Bulgarian Empire",
"Nepal",
"Socialism",
"Sichuan",
"Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate",
"Louis XIV",
"Ethiopia",
"Economy of the Han dynasty",
"Indo-Greek Kingdom",
"Late modern period",
"Parthian Empire",
"Xiamen",
"Apartheid",
"Moldova",
"Korean nationalist historiography",
"History of the Khitans",
"Edo period",
"Tusi",
"Fascism and ideology",
"Aztecs",
"Benito Mussolini",
"Peng Dehuai",
"Egyptians",
"Ulysses S. Grant",
"Emperor Gaozong of Tang",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula",
"Christian culture",
"Great Divergence",
"Portrait painting",
"History of Pakistan",
"History of Virginia",
"Spanish Civil War",
"History of magic",
"Migration in China",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Education in China",
"Mughal Empire",
"History of education",
"Wars of the Roses",
"Japanese war crimes",
"Buddhist art",
"H. H. Asquith",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Uzbeks",
"Foreign relations of Tibet",
"Islamic fundamentalism in Iran",
"Li Jing (Southern Tang)",
"Battle of Xiangyang",
"Taiwan under Qing rule",
"England",
"Enoch Powell",
"List of state leaders in the 14th century",
"Louis XV",
"Madrasa",
"Italian Americans",
"History of Málaga",
"Puerto Rico",
"Chinese expansionism",
"Marxism–Leninism",
"Naval warfare",
"Aurangzeb",
"Genocides in history (before World War I)",
"Architecture of India",
"History of Poland (1939–1945)",
"Umayyad Caliphate",
"Deng Xiaoping",
"Hanbok",
"History of the Joseon dynasty",
"Salt in Chinese history",
"Shia–Sunni divide",
"Islam in India",
"Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Toluid Civil War",
"American Civil War",
"Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia",
"History of opera",
"Quanzhou",
"Fujian",
"American imperialism",
"United Russia",
"History of lute-family instruments",
"Europe",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Mexico",
"Mataram Kingdom",
"Church of the East",
"England in the Late Middle Ages",
"Napoleon",
"Pure Land Buddhism",
"Han–Xiongnu War",
"Women's rights",
"Racism in the United States",
"History of Indonesia",
"Greek War of Independence",
"History of Cuba",
"Diplomatic history of World War II",
"New Mexico",
"Pahang",
"Qizhuang",
"Kashmir conflict",
"History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Shanxi",
"First Toungoo Empire",
"Southeast Asia",
"Middle kingdoms of India",
"History of Lebanon",
"History of the Jews in China",
"Maya civilization",
"Korean War",
"History of slavery in the Muslim world",
"South African labour law",
"Barbarian",
"Amin al-Husseini",
"Kingdom of Italy",
"Roman imperial cult",
"Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor",
"History of Hinduism",
"Russia",
"Prussian Union of Churches",
"Sexuality in ancient Rome",
"Frisian freedom",
"History of Paraguay",
"Iran–United States relations",
"History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)",
"War of the Eight Princes",
"Taiwan under Japanese rule",
"Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period",
"Maximilien Robespierre",
"Andreas Hillgruber",
"History of Myanmar",
"Kangxi Emperor",
"First Stadtholderless Period",
"Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire",
"Malaysian Chinese",
"Buddhism",
"History of the Middle East",
"African military systems before 1800",
"Religion in ancient Rome",
"History of agriculture in China",
"Yue Fei",
"Maritime history",
"Habsburg Spain",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"Wales",
"Military history of Canada",
"List of rebellions in China",
"Mongol invasions of Tibet",
"Erwin Rommel",
"Ottoman architecture",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Oda Nobunaga",
"Sweden",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Ketuanan Melayu",
"Kingdom of Tungning",
"Sabah",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anti-Comintern Pact",
"Harem",
"Empire of Brazil",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"War of 1812",
"History of Sikhism",
"History of monarchy in the United Kingdom",
"Legalism (Chinese philosophy)",
"Salafi movement",
"Manichaeism",
"Lu Xun (Eastern Wu)",
"History of United States prison systems",
"Otto von Bismarck",
"Chinese nationalism",
"Military history",
"Sephardic Jews",
"Pol Pot",
"Economy of China",
"International relations (1648–1814)",
"Jewish history",
"Spanish Inquisition",
"Origins of the American Civil War",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Al-Andalus",
"Tibetan sovereignty debate",
"French Third Republic",
"Diplomatic history of World War I",
"Valentinianic dynasty",
"Tengrism",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Zhang Heng",
"Mongol invasions and conquests",
"Charlemagne",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty",
"Historikerstreit",
"Chiapas",
"Monkeys in Chinese culture",
"Imperialism",
"Wuhan",
"Vladimir Putin",
"African-American history",
"American Revolutionary War",
"Islamic art",
"Christianity",
"List of Shaman King characters",
"Bengal",
"Central Asia",
"Sinicization",
"Emirate of Granada",
"History of Southeast Asia",
"Racism",
"Rashid Rida",
"Scotland",
"Uzbekistan",
"Genocide of Indigenous peoples",
"Ethiopian historiography",
"Nationalism",
"John, King of England",
"Mercenary",
"Georgia (country)",
"Farouk of Egypt",
"German Empire",
"Muhammad",
"Sanskrit",
"Transformation of the Ottoman Empire",
"Indian Rebellion of 1857",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Rashidun Caliphate",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Kashgar",
"Papua (province)",
"Freedom of religion in Europe by country",
"Demographic history of Macedonia",
"Progressive Era",
"Henry II of England",
"Polish–Soviet War",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Serbia",
"Guangzhou",
"Middle Assyrian Empire",
"History of Asian art",
"Colonial Nigeria",
"History of Ethiopia",
"Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"14th Dalai Lama",
"Manchuria",
"Spain",
"Economy of East Asia",
"History of Punjab",
"History of Slovakia",
"Malays (ethnic group)",
"Qing dynasty in Inner Asia",
"Indian independence movement",
"History of Rio Grande do Sul",
"Wang Mang",
"Seal (East Asia)",
"World War I",
"French Revolution",
"Nigerian Civil War",
"Diocletian",
"History of Sierra Leone",
"Moorish architecture",
"History of liberalism",
"Bondelswarts Rebellion",
"Marriage",
"Jesuits",
"Royal intermarriage",
"Hong Taiji",
"Seventh Crusade",
"Emperor Wu of Liang",
"Islamic Golden Age",
"History of Somalia",
"Armies in the American Civil War",
"History of the Jews in Iraq",
"History of mathematics",
"History of Chinese cuisine",
"Jiang Wei",
"History of Rome",
"Russia under Vladimir Putin",
"Cold War (1953–1962)",
"Fake news",
"Christianity in Asia",
"Ferdinand I of Naples",
"Slavery in medieval Europe",
"Constantine the Great",
"Vladimir Lenin",
"Mexican–American War",
"Ancient Chinese coinage",
"History of geography",
"Qara Khitai",
"Conquistador",
"Foreign relations of China",
"Grand Canal (China)",
"Ukraine",
"Anti-communism",
"Andalusia",
"Alauddin Khalji",
"Zhejiang",
"Eighth Crusade",
"History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel",
"Palmyra",
"Yellow Peril",
"Sardinian language",
"Glossary of ancient Roman religion",
"Hagia Sophia",
"Economic history of Mexico",
"History of South India",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"Sudan",
"Campaign history of the Roman military",
"Haiti",
"Japanese art",
"First Indochina War",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"Tondo (historical polity)",
"Nigeria",
"History of Catalonia",
"Military history of the Jin dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms",
"Aleppo",
"Samarkand",
"History of Croatia",
"Music of China",
"Literacy",
"Indo-European migrations",
"Ptolemaic Kingdom",
"Kunming",
"History of printing in East Asia",
"Habib Bourguiba",
"Religious persecution",
"Persecution of Hindus",
"Mu'awiya I",
"Maritime history of California",
"Chinese Singaporeans",
"Constantine XI Palaiologos",
"Nicholas II of Russia",
"Emperor of China",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Ngo Dinh Diem",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
"Jordan",
"Ibn Battuta",
"History of the Dominican Republic",
"Dutch Formosa",
"Suez Crisis",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"Singapore",
"Sixteen Kingdoms",
"Sarawak",
"List of state leaders in the 13th century",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"Nazi Germany",
"Julius Nyerere",
"Sculpture",
"Norway",
"Azerbaijan",
"Henry III of England",
"German colonial empire",
"House of Loredan",
"History of Jamaica",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Albania",
"Kenya",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"Kingdom of Chiang Mai",
"Company rule in India",
"Buddhism in Thailand",
"History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China",
"Hamas",
"Druze",
"Women in government",
"Hoodoo (spirituality)",
"Gamal Abdel Nasser",
"History of American newspapers",
"Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war",
"Catholic Church",
"Jerusalem",
"Algerian War",
"History of the Catholic Church",
"Nikita Khrushchev",
"History of conservatism in the United States",
"Josip Broz Tito",
"Gia Long",
"Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"Babylonia",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"Chinese architecture",
"Buddhism in Myanmar",
"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism",
"History of Denmark",
"Madagascar",
"Assyrian people",
"Historiography",
"Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"Warlord Era",
"History of Siberia",
"German resistance to Nazism",
"Catalonia",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"Jinan",
"Houston Stewart Chamberlain",
"Eastern Bloc",
"George Washington",
"Estonia",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"Indira Gandhi",
"Al-Mu'tasim",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Trajan",
"Military history of the Russian Empire",
"Fédon's rebellion",
"Medieval and early modern Africa",
"Hugo Chávez",
"History of Ireland",
"Baota District",
"Havana",
"Persian art",
"Bayan of the Baarin",
"Bayinnaung",
"Government of the Qing dynasty",
"History of Finland",
"Order of Assassins",
"Spanish conquest of Honduras",
"Caliphate",
"Armenia",
"Lebanon",
"Mongol invasions of Japan",
"History of Indiana",
"Women in science",
"Bolesław III Wrymouth",
"British Empire",
"History of Wahhabism",
"History of Bulgaria",
"End of the Han dynasty",
"History of education in the United States",
"Kösem Sultan",
"LGBT history",
"Eight Banners",
"Chetniks",
"Russification of Ukraine",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Military history of South America",
"Cash (Chinese coin)",
"Unification of Germany",
"Augustus",
"Chinese characters",
"Cham Albanians",
"Reconquista",
"Police",
"History of the Jews in Spain",
"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
"Bulgarian Turks",
"Appanage",
"Contract",
"Forced conversion",
"List of Discworld characters",
"Culture of Asia",
"Ming Great Wall",
"Gunpowder weapons in the Ming dynasty",
"Hakka people",
"Empress Myeongseong"
] |
572881d34b864d1900164a5e | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.",
"hi": "चीन में युआन कोर्ट के नेस्तोरियन ईसाइयों द्वारा पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का भी अभ्यास किया गया था,जहां इसे कभी-कभी हुइहुई या मुस्लिम चिकित्सा के रूप में वर्गीकृत किया जाता था। नेस्तोरियन चिकित्सक जीसस द इंटरप्रेटर ने कुबलई के शासनकाल में 1263 में पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यालय की स्थापना की। दो शाही अस्पतालों में कार्यरत हुइहुई डॉक्टरों के अधिकारी शाही परिवार और अदालत के सदस्यों के इलाज के लिए जिम्मेदार थे। चीनी चिकित्सकों ने पश्चिमी चिकित्सा का विरोध किया क्योंकि इसकी त्रिदोषन प्रणाली ने यिन-यांग और वू जिंग दर्शन की अंतर्निहित पारंपरिक चीनी चिकित्सा का खंडन किया। पश्चिमी चिकित्सा कार्यों का कोई चीनी अनुवाद ज्ञात नहीं है,परंतु यह संभव है कि चीन में एविसेना की कैनन ऑफ़ मेडिसिन तक पहुंच थी।"
} | {
"en": "What philosophies underlay Chinese medicine?",
"hi": "चीनी दवाएँ किस दर्शन पर आधारित थीं?"
} | {
"en": [
"yin-yang and wuxing"
],
"hi": [
"यिन-यांग और वू जिंग"
]
} | {
"en": [
487,
487,
487
],
"hi": [
481
]
} | [
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"Hui people",
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] |
5728848cff5b5019007da298 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The historian Frederick W. Mote wrote that the usage of the term \"social classes\" for this system was misleading and that the position of people within the four-class system was not an indication of their actual social power and wealth, but just entailed \"degrees of privilege\" to which they were entitled institutionally and legally, so a person's standing within the classes was not a guarantee of their standing, since there were rich and well socially standing Chinese while there were less rich Mongol and Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty and were ill treated.",
"hi": "इतिहासकार फ्रेडरिक डब्ल्यू. मोटे ने लिखा है कि इस प्रणाली के लिए \"सामाजिक वर्गों\" शब्द का उपयोग भ्रामक था और चार-वर्ग प्रणाली के भीतर लोगों की स्थिति उनकी वास्तविक सामाजिक और धन शक्ति का प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं करती थी, लेकिन सिर्फ विशेषाधिकार के दर्जें के लिए वे संस्थागत और कानूनी रूप से हकदार थे, इसलिए वर्गों के भीतर किसी व्यक्ति के स्थान पद की गारंटी नहीं थी, क्योंकि वहां अमीर और अच्छी तरह से सामाजिक रूप से प्रतिष्ठित चीनी थे जबकि इसकी अपेक्षा मंगोल और सेमु कम अमीर थे और वहां स्थिति मंगोल और सेमू गरीबी में रहते थे और उनके साथ बुरा व्यवहार किया जाता था।"
} | {
"en": "Who thought that the Yuan's social class system shouldn't be called social classes?",
"hi": "किसने सोचा था कि युआन के सामाजिक वर्ग प्रणाली को सामाजिक वर्ग नहीं कहा जाना चाहिए?"
} | {
"en": [
"Frederick W. Mote"
],
"hi": [
"फ्रेडरिक डब्ल्यू. मोटे"
]
} | {
"en": [
14,
14,
14
],
"hi": [
10
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"Hui people",
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] |
5728848cff5b5019007da299 | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The historian Frederick W. Mote wrote that the usage of the term \"social classes\" for this system was misleading and that the position of people within the four-class system was not an indication of their actual social power and wealth, but just entailed \"degrees of privilege\" to which they were entitled institutionally and legally, so a person's standing within the classes was not a guarantee of their standing, since there were rich and well socially standing Chinese while there were less rich Mongol and Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty and were ill treated.",
"hi": "इतिहासकार फ्रेडरिक डब्ल्यू. मोटे ने लिखा है कि इस प्रणाली के लिए \"सामाजिक वर्गों\" शब्द का उपयोग भ्रामक था और चार-वर्ग प्रणाली के भीतर लोगों की स्थिति उनकी वास्तविक सामाजिक और धन शक्ति का प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं करती थी, लेकिन सिर्फ विशेषाधिकार के दर्जें के लिए वे संस्थागत और कानूनी रूप से हकदार थे, इसलिए वर्गों के भीतर किसी व्यक्ति के स्थान पद की गारंटी नहीं थी, क्योंकि वहां अमीर और अच्छी तरह से सामाजिक रूप से प्रतिष्ठित चीनी थे जबकि इसकी अपेक्षा मंगोल और सेमु कम अमीर थे और वहां स्थिति मंगोल और सेमू गरीबी में रहते थे और उनके साथ बुरा व्यवहार किया जाता था।"
} | {
"en": "What did Mote think the Yuan class system really represented?",
"hi": "मोटे ने क्या सोचा था कि युआन वर्ग प्रणाली वास्तव में प्रतिनिधित्व करती है?"
} | {
"en": [
"degrees of privilege"
],
"hi": [
"विशेषाधिकार"
]
} | {
"en": [
256,
256,
256
],
"hi": [
226
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"Red Turban Rebellions",
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"History of gunpowder",
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"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
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"Persecution of Christians",
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"History of Sino–Korean relations",
"History of the Philippines",
"Möngke Khan",
"Joseon",
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"Role of Christianity in civilization",
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"History of Iran",
"History of France",
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"Tây Sơn wars",
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"History of Korea",
"History of Taiwan",
"List of modern great powers",
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"History of Poland",
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"Lê dynasty",
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"History of slavery",
"Social structure of China",
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"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
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"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Europe",
"Institutional racism",
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"Xiongnu",
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"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
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"Ilkhanate",
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"Champa",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Ibn Taymiyya",
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"Xinjiang",
"Anarchism in China",
"History of women in the United States",
"History of Zakynthos",
"American frontier",
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"Four occupations",
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"History of Afghanistan",
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"History of Tibetan Buddhism",
"Reformation",
"Joseph Stalin",
"History of Tyre, Lebanon",
"An Lushan rebellion",
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"Boxer Rebellion",
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"History of socialism",
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"History of Missouri",
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"Emperor Taizong of Tang",
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"Slavery",
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"Culture of the United Kingdom",
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"Goguryeo",
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"Religion in the Song dynasty",
"Ögedei Khan",
"History of the Roman Empire",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"History of the Republic of China",
"Thailand",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"History of Cumbria",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Qing dynasty coinage",
"Reconstruction era",
"History of Azerbaijan",
"Muslim conquests of Afghanistan",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Yongle Emperor",
"Mexican Revolution",
"Charles George Gordon",
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"Ferdinand Marcos",
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"Kalmyks",
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"History of Mexico",
"Northern Wei",
"Confucius",
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"Kaidu",
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"History of literature",
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"Srivijaya",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
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"Ancient Egypt",
"Western imperialism in Asia",
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"Akbar",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
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"Riau Islands",
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"French Resistance",
"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
"History of Italy",
"Persecution of Buddhists",
"History of Uzbekistan",
"History of Christianity",
"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
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"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
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"Crusades",
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"Thracian religion",
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"List of book-burning incidents",
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"Holy Roman Empire",
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"Lithuania",
"Myanmar",
"Economic history of Japan",
"Roman Republic",
"History of Portugal",
"Mongol invasion of Europe",
"History of Ghana",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Israel",
"Paris in the 18th century",
"Nazism",
"Somalia",
"History of science and technology in China",
"Napoleon III",
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"Culture of the Song dynasty",
"Sinocentrism",
"Cavalry",
"History of the Knights Hospitaller in the Levant",
"Late Roman army",
"Chinese mathematics",
"Chan Buddhism",
"History of the United States government",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Great Game",
"Berbers",
"History of West Africa",
"Empress Dowager Cixi",
"Ethnomusicology",
"List of country-name etymologies",
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"Muammar Gaddafi",
"Turkey",
"Early Middle Ages",
"New Deal",
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"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
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"Iloilo City",
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"1340s",
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"History of the Labour Party (UK)",
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"History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance",
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"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
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"Late modern period",
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"Tusi",
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"Benito Mussolini",
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"Amin al-Husseini",
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"Military history",
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"American Revolutionary War",
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"List of Shaman King characters",
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"List of Pokémon anime characters",
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"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
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"Middle Assyrian Empire",
"History of Asian art",
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"History of Ethiopia",
"Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War",
"Jomo Kenyatta",
"14th Dalai Lama",
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"History of Punjab",
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"Armies in the American Civil War",
"History of the Jews in Iraq",
"History of mathematics",
"History of Chinese cuisine",
"Jiang Wei",
"History of Rome",
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"Glossary of ancient Roman religion",
"Hagia Sophia",
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"History of South India",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"Sudan",
"Campaign history of the Roman military",
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"Japanese art",
"First Indochina War",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
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"History of Catalonia",
"Military history of the Jin dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms",
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"Samarkand",
"History of Croatia",
"Music of China",
"Literacy",
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"Habib Bourguiba",
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"Persecution of Hindus",
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"Nicholas II of Russia",
"Emperor of China",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Ngo Dinh Diem",
"Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State",
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"Ibn Battuta",
"History of the Dominican Republic",
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"List of state leaders in the 13th century",
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"House of Loredan",
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"Kenya",
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"Druze",
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"History of American newspapers",
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"History of the Jews in Spain",
"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
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"Contract",
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"List of Discworld characters",
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] |
5728848cff5b5019007da29a | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The historian Frederick W. Mote wrote that the usage of the term \"social classes\" for this system was misleading and that the position of people within the four-class system was not an indication of their actual social power and wealth, but just entailed \"degrees of privilege\" to which they were entitled institutionally and legally, so a person's standing within the classes was not a guarantee of their standing, since there were rich and well socially standing Chinese while there were less rich Mongol and Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty and were ill treated.",
"hi": "इतिहासकार फ्रेडरिक डब्ल्यू. मोटे ने लिखा है कि इस प्रणाली के लिए \"सामाजिक वर्गों\" शब्द का उपयोग भ्रामक था और चार-वर्ग प्रणाली के भीतर लोगों की स्थिति उनकी वास्तविक सामाजिक और धन शक्ति का प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं करती थी, लेकिन सिर्फ विशेषाधिकार के दर्जें के लिए वे संस्थागत और कानूनी रूप से हकदार थे, इसलिए वर्गों के भीतर किसी व्यक्ति के स्थान पद की गारंटी नहीं थी, क्योंकि वहां अमीर और अच्छी तरह से सामाजिक रूप से प्रतिष्ठित चीनी थे जबकि इसकी अपेक्षा मंगोल और सेमु कम अमीर थे और वहां स्थिति मंगोल और सेमू गरीबी में रहते थे और उनके साथ बुरा व्यवहार किया जाता था।"
} | {
"en": "There were many Chinese with what unexpected status?",
"hi": "अधिकतर चीनी किस अप्रत्याशित स्थिति के साथ थे?"
} | {
"en": [
"rich and well socially standing"
],
"hi": [
"अमीर और अच्छी तरह से सामाजिक रूप से प्रतिष्ठित"
]
} | {
"en": [
433,
433,
433
],
"hi": [
372
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
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] |
5728848cff5b5019007da29b | Yuan dynasty | {
"en": "The historian Frederick W. Mote wrote that the usage of the term \"social classes\" for this system was misleading and that the position of people within the four-class system was not an indication of their actual social power and wealth, but just entailed \"degrees of privilege\" to which they were entitled institutionally and legally, so a person's standing within the classes was not a guarantee of their standing, since there were rich and well socially standing Chinese while there were less rich Mongol and Semu than there were Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty and were ill treated.",
"hi": "इतिहासकार फ्रेडरिक डब्ल्यू. मोटे ने लिखा है कि इस प्रणाली के लिए \"सामाजिक वर्गों\" शब्द का उपयोग भ्रामक था और चार-वर्ग प्रणाली के भीतर लोगों की स्थिति उनकी वास्तविक सामाजिक और धन शक्ति का प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं करती थी, लेकिन सिर्फ विशेषाधिकार के दर्जें के लिए वे संस्थागत और कानूनी रूप से हकदार थे, इसलिए वर्गों के भीतर किसी व्यक्ति के स्थान पद की गारंटी नहीं थी, क्योंकि वहां अमीर और अच्छी तरह से सामाजिक रूप से प्रतिष्ठित चीनी थे जबकि इसकी अपेक्षा मंगोल और सेमु कम अमीर थे और वहां स्थिति मंगोल और सेमू गरीबी में रहते थे और उनके साथ बुरा व्यवहार किया जाता था।"
} | {
"en": "There were many Mongols with what unexpected status?",
"hi": "क्या अप्रत्याशित स्थिति के साथ बहुत-से मंगोल थे?"
} | {
"en": [
"lived in poverty and were ill treated"
],
"hi": [
"गरीबी में रहते थे और उनके साथ बुरा व्यवहार"
]
} | {
"en": [
552,
561,
561
],
"hi": [
500
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Asia*",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.Central Asia",
"Geography.Regions.Asia.East Asia",
"History and Society.History"
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"History of the Qing dynasty",
"Red Turban Rebellions",
"Society of the Song dynasty",
"Hui people",
"Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty",
"Mongols",
"History of the Han dynasty",
"Miscegenation",
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"History of the Great Wall of China",
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"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
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"History of Western civilization",
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"Duke Yansheng",
"Han dynasty",
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"Mamluk Sultanate",
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"History of gunpowder",
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"Külüg Khan",
"History of the nude in art",
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"Heqin",
"Spread of Islam",
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"Li Deyu",
"Li Siyuan",
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"Anti-Chinese sentiment",
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"Myanmar",
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"Paris in the 18th century",
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"List of Chinese cash coins by inscription",
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] |
57290b21af94a219006a9fcf | Kenya | {
"en": "Kenya ranks low on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries. In 2012, the nation placed 139th out of 176 total countries in the CPI, with a score of 27/100. However, there are several rather significant developments with regards to curbing corruption from the Kenyan government, for instance, the establishment of a new and independent Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC).",
"hi": "केन्या की रैंक अंतर्राष्ट्रीय भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक (सीपीआई) में सबसे कम है, यह एक माप है जो विभिन्न देशों में प्रचलित सार्वजनिक क्षेत्रों में भ्रष्टाचार के मापन का प्रयास करती है। 2012 में, देश भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक में कुल 176 देशों में 27/100 अंकों के साथ 139वें स्थान पर था। हालांकि, केन्या की सरकार की ओर से भ्रष्टाचार पर लगाम लगाने के लिए कई बल्कि महत्वपूर्ण कदम उठाए गए हैं, उदाहरणार्थ, एक नए और स्वतंत्र आचार नीति और भ्रष्टाचार रोधी आयोग की स्थापना(ईएसीसी)।"
} | {
"en": "Where does Kenya rang on the CPI scale?",
"hi": "भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक में केन्या कहाँ स्थित है?"
} | {
"en": [
"low"
],
"hi": [
"कम"
]
} | {
"en": [
12,
12,
12
],
"hi": [
73
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020",
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"List of country-name etymologies",
"Che Guevara",
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] |
57290b21af94a219006a9fd0 | Kenya | {
"en": "Kenya ranks low on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries. In 2012, the nation placed 139th out of 176 total countries in the CPI, with a score of 27/100. However, there are several rather significant developments with regards to curbing corruption from the Kenyan government, for instance, the establishment of a new and independent Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC).",
"hi": "केन्या की रैंक अंतर्राष्ट्रीय भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक (सीपीआई) में सबसे कम है, यह एक माप है जो विभिन्न देशों में प्रचलित सार्वजनिक क्षेत्रों में भ्रष्टाचार के मापन का प्रयास करती है। 2012 में, देश भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक में कुल 176 देशों में 27/100 अंकों के साथ 139वें स्थान पर था। हालांकि, केन्या की सरकार की ओर से भ्रष्टाचार पर लगाम लगाने के लिए कई बल्कि महत्वपूर्ण कदम उठाए गए हैं, उदाहरणार्थ, एक नए और स्वतंत्र आचार नीति और भ्रष्टाचार रोधी आयोग की स्थापना(ईएसीसी)।"
} | {
"en": "What does the CPI scale measure?",
"hi": "भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक मापनी क्या मापन करती है?"
} | {
"en": [
"gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries"
],
"hi": [
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] |
57290b21af94a219006a9fd1 | Kenya | {
"en": "Kenya ranks low on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries. In 2012, the nation placed 139th out of 176 total countries in the CPI, with a score of 27/100. However, there are several rather significant developments with regards to curbing corruption from the Kenyan government, for instance, the establishment of a new and independent Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC).",
"hi": "केन्या की रैंक अंतर्राष्ट्रीय भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक (सीपीआई) में सबसे कम है, यह एक माप है जो विभिन्न देशों में प्रचलित सार्वजनिक क्षेत्रों में भ्रष्टाचार के मापन का प्रयास करती है। 2012 में, देश भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक में कुल 176 देशों में 27/100 अंकों के साथ 139वें स्थान पर था। हालांकि, केन्या की सरकार की ओर से भ्रष्टाचार पर लगाम लगाने के लिए कई बल्कि महत्वपूर्ण कदम उठाए गए हैं, उदाहरणार्थ, एक नए और स्वतंत्र आचार नीति और भ्रष्टाचार रोधी आयोग की स्थापना(ईएसीसी)।"
} | {
"en": "Where is Kenya place on the scale in 2012?",
"hi": "2012 में भ्रष्टाचार धारणा मापनी में केन्या कहाँ पर था?"
} | {
"en": [
"139th out of 176 total countries"
],
"hi": [
"139वें"
]
} | {
"en": [
208,
208,
208
],
"hi": [
265
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
57290b21af94a219006a9fd2 | Kenya | {
"en": "Kenya ranks low on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries. In 2012, the nation placed 139th out of 176 total countries in the CPI, with a score of 27/100. However, there are several rather significant developments with regards to curbing corruption from the Kenyan government, for instance, the establishment of a new and independent Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC).",
"hi": "केन्या की रैंक अंतर्राष्ट्रीय भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक (सीपीआई) में सबसे कम है, यह एक माप है जो विभिन्न देशों में प्रचलित सार्वजनिक क्षेत्रों में भ्रष्टाचार के मापन का प्रयास करती है। 2012 में, देश भ्रष्टाचार धारणा सूचकांक में कुल 176 देशों में 27/100 अंकों के साथ 139वें स्थान पर था। हालांकि, केन्या की सरकार की ओर से भ्रष्टाचार पर लगाम लगाने के लिए कई बल्कि महत्वपूर्ण कदम उठाए गए हैं, उदाहरणार्थ, एक नए और स्वतंत्र आचार नीति और भ्रष्टाचार रोधी आयोग की स्थापना(ईएसीसी)।"
} | {
"en": "How does Kenya curb coruption?",
"hi": "केन्या ने भ्रष्टाचार पर कैसे लगाम लगाई?"
} | {
"en": [
"the establishment of a new and independent Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission"
],
"hi": [
"एक नए और स्वतंत्र आचार नीति और भ्रष्टाचार रोधी आयोग की स्थापना"
]
} | {
"en": [
413,
456,
417
],
"hi": [
400
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
57290ee2af94a219006a9fff | Kenya | {
"en": "On 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament. The agreement stipulated that the cabinet would include a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers. After debates, it was passed by Parliament, the coalition would hold until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then.",
"hi": "28 फरवरी 2008 को किबाक़ी और ओडिंगा ने एक गठबंधन सरकार बनाने के एक अनुबंध पर हस्ताक्षर किए जिसके तहत ओडिंगा केन्या के द्वितीय प्रधानमंत्री बन जाएंगे। अनुबंध के अंतर्गत, राष्ट्रपति को प्रत्येक दल की संसद में शक्ति के आधार पर दोनों पीएनयू और ओडीएम दलों से कैबिनेट मंत्री नियुक्त करने थे। अनुबंध में यह निर्धारित किया गया था कि मंत्रिमंडल में एक उप-राष्ट्रपति और दो उप-प्रधानमंत्री शामिल होंगे। चर्चा के बाद, संसद द्वारा यह पारित किया गया कि गठबंधन वर्तमान संसद के अंत तक या दोनों दलों में से किसी एक दल द्वारा समर्थन जारी रहने तक जारी रहेगा।"
} | {
"en": "When did Kibaki and Odinga sing an agreement on the formation of government?",
"hi": "किबाक़ी और ओडिंगा ने सरकार बनाने के लिए अनुबंध पर हस्ताक्षर कब किये?"
} | {
"en": [
"28 February 2008"
],
"hi": [
"28 फरवरी 2008"
]
} | {
"en": [
3,
3,
3
],
"hi": [
0
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
57290ee2af94a219006aa000 | Kenya | {
"en": "On 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament. The agreement stipulated that the cabinet would include a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers. After debates, it was passed by Parliament, the coalition would hold until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then.",
"hi": "28 फरवरी 2008 को किबाक़ी और ओडिंगा ने एक गठबंधन सरकार बनाने के एक अनुबंध पर हस्ताक्षर किए जिसके तहत ओडिंगा केन्या के द्वितीय प्रधानमंत्री बन जाएंगे। अनुबंध के अंतर्गत, राष्ट्रपति को प्रत्येक दल की संसद में शक्ति के आधार पर दोनों पीएनयू और ओडीएम दलों से कैबिनेट मंत्री नियुक्त करने थे। अनुबंध में यह निर्धारित किया गया था कि मंत्रिमंडल में एक उप-राष्ट्रपति और दो उप-प्रधानमंत्री शामिल होंगे। चर्चा के बाद, संसद द्वारा यह पारित किया गया कि गठबंधन वर्तमान संसद के अंत तक या दोनों दलों में से किसी एक दल द्वारा समर्थन जारी रहने तक जारी रहेगा।"
} | {
"en": "What would be Odinga's role in the government?",
"hi": "सरकार में ओडिंगा की भूमिका क्या होगी?"
} | {
"en": [
"Prime Minister"
],
"hi": [
"द्वितीय प्रधानमंत्री"
]
} | {
"en": [
146,
139,
146
],
"hi": [
117
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
57290ee2af94a219006aa001 | Kenya | {
"en": "On 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament. The agreement stipulated that the cabinet would include a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers. After debates, it was passed by Parliament, the coalition would hold until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then.",
"hi": "28 फरवरी 2008 को किबाक़ी और ओडिंगा ने एक गठबंधन सरकार बनाने के एक अनुबंध पर हस्ताक्षर किए जिसके तहत ओडिंगा केन्या के द्वितीय प्रधानमंत्री बन जाएंगे। अनुबंध के अंतर्गत, राष्ट्रपति को प्रत्येक दल की संसद में शक्ति के आधार पर दोनों पीएनयू और ओडीएम दलों से कैबिनेट मंत्री नियुक्त करने थे। अनुबंध में यह निर्धारित किया गया था कि मंत्रिमंडल में एक उप-राष्ट्रपति और दो उप-प्रधानमंत्री शामिल होंगे। चर्चा के बाद, संसद द्वारा यह पारित किया गया कि गठबंधन वर्तमान संसद के अंत तक या दोनों दलों में से किसी एक दल द्वारा समर्थन जारी रहने तक जारी रहेगा।"
} | {
"en": "Where did the president appoint cabinet members from?",
"hi": "राष्ट्रपति कैबिनेट की नियुक्ति कहाँ से करेंगे?"
} | {
"en": [
"both PNU and ODM camps"
],
"hi": [
"पीएनयू और ओडीएम दलों"
]
} | {
"en": [
229,
234,
234
],
"hi": [
231
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
57290ee2af94a219006aa002 | Kenya | {
"en": "On 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament. The agreement stipulated that the cabinet would include a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers. After debates, it was passed by Parliament, the coalition would hold until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then.",
"hi": "28 फरवरी 2008 को किबाक़ी और ओडिंगा ने एक गठबंधन सरकार बनाने के एक अनुबंध पर हस्ताक्षर किए जिसके तहत ओडिंगा केन्या के द्वितीय प्रधानमंत्री बन जाएंगे। अनुबंध के अंतर्गत, राष्ट्रपति को प्रत्येक दल की संसद में शक्ति के आधार पर दोनों पीएनयू और ओडीएम दलों से कैबिनेट मंत्री नियुक्त करने थे। अनुबंध में यह निर्धारित किया गया था कि मंत्रिमंडल में एक उप-राष्ट्रपति और दो उप-प्रधानमंत्री शामिल होंगे। चर्चा के बाद, संसद द्वारा यह पारित किया गया कि गठबंधन वर्तमान संसद के अंत तक या दोनों दलों में से किसी एक दल द्वारा समर्थन जारी रहने तक जारी रहेगा।"
} | {
"en": "How was it determined how many from each camp would be appointed?",
"hi": "यह कैसे निर्धारित किया गया कि प्रत्येक दलों से कितने नियुक्त होंगे?"
} | {
"en": [
"depending on each party's strength in Parliament"
],
"hi": [
"प्रत्येक दल की संसद में शक्ति"
]
} | {
"en": [
252,
265,
265
],
"hi": [
184
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
57290ee2af94a219006aa003 | Kenya | {
"en": "On 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament. The agreement stipulated that the cabinet would include a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers. After debates, it was passed by Parliament, the coalition would hold until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then.",
"hi": "28 फरवरी 2008 को किबाक़ी और ओडिंगा ने एक गठबंधन सरकार बनाने के एक अनुबंध पर हस्ताक्षर किए जिसके तहत ओडिंगा केन्या के द्वितीय प्रधानमंत्री बन जाएंगे। अनुबंध के अंतर्गत, राष्ट्रपति को प्रत्येक दल की संसद में शक्ति के आधार पर दोनों पीएनयू और ओडीएम दलों से कैबिनेट मंत्री नियुक्त करने थे। अनुबंध में यह निर्धारित किया गया था कि मंत्रिमंडल में एक उप-राष्ट्रपति और दो उप-प्रधानमंत्री शामिल होंगे। चर्चा के बाद, संसद द्वारा यह पारित किया गया कि गठबंधन वर्तमान संसद के अंत तक या दोनों दलों में से किसी एक दल द्वारा समर्थन जारी रहने तक जारी रहेगा।"
} | {
"en": "How long would this coalition last?",
"hi": "यह गठबंधन कब तक चलेगा?"
} | {
"en": [
"until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then"
],
"hi": [
"वर्तमान संसद के अंत तक या दोनों दलों में से किसी एक दल द्वारा समर्थन जारी रहने तक"
]
} | {
"en": [
476,
486,
476
],
"hi": [
449
]
} | [
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] |
572914f46aef051400154a46 | Kenya | {
"en": "With International Criminal Court trial dates in 2013 for both President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto related to the 2007 election aftermath, US President Barack Obama chose not to visit the country during his mid-2013 African trip. Later in the summer, Kenyatta visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping after a stop in Russia and not having visited the United States as president. In July 2015 Obama visited Kenya, as the first American president to visit the country while in office.",
"hi": "राष्ट्रपति केन्याटा और उप राष्ट्रपति विलियम रुटो दोनों की 2007 के चुनाव से संबंधित अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्रिमिनल कोर्ट के ट्रायल की तारीखों के कारण 2013 में ,अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बराक ओबामा ने 2013 की मध्य अफ्रीकी यात्रा के दौरान देश का दौरा नहीं करने का फैसला किया। बाद में, गर्मियों में, केन्याटा ने रूस में एक पड़ाव के बाद राष्ट्रपति शी जिनपिंग के निमंत्रण पर और राष्ट्रपति के रूप में अमेरिका की यात्रा न करने के बाद चीन की यात्रा की। जुलाई 2015 में ओबामा ने केन्या का दौरा किया, पद पर रहते हुए देश की यात्रा करने वाले पहले अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बने।"
} | {
"en": "What was the result of the 2007 election? ",
"hi": "2007 के चुनाव का परिणाम क्या था?"
} | {
"en": [
"h International Criminal Court trial dates in 2013 for both President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto"
],
"hi": [
"अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्रिमिनल कोर्ट"
]
} | {
"en": [
3,
5,
5
],
"hi": [
83
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
572914f46aef051400154a47 | Kenya | {
"en": "With International Criminal Court trial dates in 2013 for both President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto related to the 2007 election aftermath, US President Barack Obama chose not to visit the country during his mid-2013 African trip. Later in the summer, Kenyatta visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping after a stop in Russia and not having visited the United States as president. In July 2015 Obama visited Kenya, as the first American president to visit the country while in office.",
"hi": "राष्ट्रपति केन्याटा और उप राष्ट्रपति विलियम रुटो दोनों की 2007 के चुनाव से संबंधित अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्रिमिनल कोर्ट के ट्रायल की तारीखों के कारण 2013 में ,अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बराक ओबामा ने 2013 की मध्य अफ्रीकी यात्रा के दौरान देश का दौरा नहीं करने का फैसला किया। बाद में, गर्मियों में, केन्याटा ने रूस में एक पड़ाव के बाद राष्ट्रपति शी जिनपिंग के निमंत्रण पर और राष्ट्रपति के रूप में अमेरिका की यात्रा न करने के बाद चीन की यात्रा की। जुलाई 2015 में ओबामा ने केन्या का दौरा किया, पद पर रहते हुए देश की यात्रा करने वाले पहले अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बने।"
} | {
"en": "Who decided not to come visit the country in 2013?",
"hi": "किसने 2013 में देश का दौरा नहीं करने का फैसला किया?"
} | {
"en": [
"US President Barack Obama"
],
"hi": [
"अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बराक ओबामा"
]
} | {
"en": [
156,
156,
156
],
"hi": [
152
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
572914f46aef051400154a48 | Kenya | {
"en": "With International Criminal Court trial dates in 2013 for both President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto related to the 2007 election aftermath, US President Barack Obama chose not to visit the country during his mid-2013 African trip. Later in the summer, Kenyatta visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping after a stop in Russia and not having visited the United States as president. In July 2015 Obama visited Kenya, as the first American president to visit the country while in office.",
"hi": "राष्ट्रपति केन्याटा और उप राष्ट्रपति विलियम रुटो दोनों की 2007 के चुनाव से संबंधित अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्रिमिनल कोर्ट के ट्रायल की तारीखों के कारण 2013 में ,अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बराक ओबामा ने 2013 की मध्य अफ्रीकी यात्रा के दौरान देश का दौरा नहीं करने का फैसला किया। बाद में, गर्मियों में, केन्याटा ने रूस में एक पड़ाव के बाद राष्ट्रपति शी जिनपिंग के निमंत्रण पर और राष्ट्रपति के रूप में अमेरिका की यात्रा न करने के बाद चीन की यात्रा की। जुलाई 2015 में ओबामा ने केन्या का दौरा किया, पद पर रहते हुए देश की यात्रा करने वाले पहले अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बने।"
} | {
"en": "Where did Kenyatta visit at the invitation of the President?",
"hi": "राष्ट्रपति के निमंत्रण पर केन्याटा ने कहां की यात्रा की?"
} | {
"en": [
"China"
],
"hi": [
"चीन"
]
} | {
"en": [
285,
285,
285
],
"hi": [
412
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
572914f46aef051400154a49 | Kenya | {
"en": "With International Criminal Court trial dates in 2013 for both President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto related to the 2007 election aftermath, US President Barack Obama chose not to visit the country during his mid-2013 African trip. Later in the summer, Kenyatta visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping after a stop in Russia and not having visited the United States as president. In July 2015 Obama visited Kenya, as the first American president to visit the country while in office.",
"hi": "राष्ट्रपति केन्याटा और उप राष्ट्रपति विलियम रुटो दोनों की 2007 के चुनाव से संबंधित अंतर्राष्ट्रीय क्रिमिनल कोर्ट के ट्रायल की तारीखों के कारण 2013 में ,अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बराक ओबामा ने 2013 की मध्य अफ्रीकी यात्रा के दौरान देश का दौरा नहीं करने का फैसला किया। बाद में, गर्मियों में, केन्याटा ने रूस में एक पड़ाव के बाद राष्ट्रपति शी जिनपिंग के निमंत्रण पर और राष्ट्रपति के रूप में अमेरिका की यात्रा न करने के बाद चीन की यात्रा की। जुलाई 2015 में ओबामा ने केन्या का दौरा किया, पद पर रहते हुए देश की यात्रा करने वाले पहले अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बने।"
} | {
"en": "When did Obama finally visit Kenya?",
"hi": "ओबामा ने अंत में केन्या की यात्रा कब की?"
} | {
"en": [
"In July 2015"
],
"hi": [
"जुलाई 2015 में"
]
} | {
"en": [
411,
414,
414
],
"hi": [
430
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
572920d73f37b31900478055 | Kenya | {
"en": "Child labour is common in Kenya. Most working children are active in agriculture. In 2006, UNICEF estimated that up to 30% of girls in the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution. Most of the prostitutes in Kenya are aged 9–18. The Ministry of Gender and Child Affairs employed 400 child protection officers in 2009. The causes of child labour include poverty, the lack of access to education and weak government institutions. Kenya has ratified Convention No. 81 on labour inspection in industries and Convention No. 129 on labour inspection in agriculture.",
"hi": "केन्या में बाल श्रम आम बात है। अधिकांश बाल श्रमिक कृषि में सक्रिय हैं। 2006 में, यूनिसेफ का अनुमान था कि मालिन्दी, मोबासा, किलिफी और डियानी के समुद्र तटीय क्षेत्रों में 30% तक लड़कियां वैश्यावृत्ति की शिकार थीं। केन्या में अधिकांश वेश्याएं 9-18 वर्ष की हैं। 2009 में लिंग और बाल संबंधी मामलों के मंत्रालय ने 400 बाल सुरक्षा अधिकारी नियुक्त किये। बाल श्रम के कारणों में गरीबी, शिक्षा तक पहुंच की कमी और कमजोर सरकारी संस्थाएं शामिल हैं। केन्या ने उद्योगों में श्रम निरीक्षण प्रथा संख्या 81 और कृषि में श्रम निरीक्षण के लिए प्रथा संख्या 129 में सुधार किया।"
} | {
"en": "Where are most working children working?",
"hi": "अधिकांश बाल श्रमिक कहाँ काम कर रहे हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"in agriculture"
],
"hi": [
"कृषि"
]
} | {
"en": [
66,
69,
69
],
"hi": [
50
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
572920d73f37b31900478056 | Kenya | {
"en": "Child labour is common in Kenya. Most working children are active in agriculture. In 2006, UNICEF estimated that up to 30% of girls in the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution. Most of the prostitutes in Kenya are aged 9–18. The Ministry of Gender and Child Affairs employed 400 child protection officers in 2009. The causes of child labour include poverty, the lack of access to education and weak government institutions. Kenya has ratified Convention No. 81 on labour inspection in industries and Convention No. 129 on labour inspection in agriculture.",
"hi": "केन्या में बाल श्रम आम बात है। अधिकांश बाल श्रमिक कृषि में सक्रिय हैं। 2006 में, यूनिसेफ का अनुमान था कि मालिन्दी, मोबासा, किलिफी और डियानी के समुद्र तटीय क्षेत्रों में 30% तक लड़कियां वैश्यावृत्ति की शिकार थीं। केन्या में अधिकांश वेश्याएं 9-18 वर्ष की हैं। 2009 में लिंग और बाल संबंधी मामलों के मंत्रालय ने 400 बाल सुरक्षा अधिकारी नियुक्त किये। बाल श्रम के कारणों में गरीबी, शिक्षा तक पहुंच की कमी और कमजोर सरकारी संस्थाएं शामिल हैं। केन्या ने उद्योगों में श्रम निरीक्षण प्रथा संख्या 81 और कृषि में श्रम निरीक्षण के लिए प्रथा संख्या 129 में सुधार किया।"
} | {
"en": "What percent of girls are in prostution in Kenyas coastal areas?",
"hi": "केन्या के समुद्र तटीय क्षेत्रों में कितने प्रतिशत लड़कियां वेश्यावृत्ति में हैं ?"
} | {
"en": [
"up to 30%"
],
"hi": [
"30% तक"
]
} | {
"en": [
113,
119,
113
],
"hi": [
171
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
572920d73f37b31900478057 | Kenya | {
"en": "Child labour is common in Kenya. Most working children are active in agriculture. In 2006, UNICEF estimated that up to 30% of girls in the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution. Most of the prostitutes in Kenya are aged 9–18. The Ministry of Gender and Child Affairs employed 400 child protection officers in 2009. The causes of child labour include poverty, the lack of access to education and weak government institutions. Kenya has ratified Convention No. 81 on labour inspection in industries and Convention No. 129 on labour inspection in agriculture.",
"hi": "केन्या में बाल श्रम आम बात है। अधिकांश बाल श्रमिक कृषि में सक्रिय हैं। 2006 में, यूनिसेफ का अनुमान था कि मालिन्दी, मोबासा, किलिफी और डियानी के समुद्र तटीय क्षेत्रों में 30% तक लड़कियां वैश्यावृत्ति की शिकार थीं। केन्या में अधिकांश वेश्याएं 9-18 वर्ष की हैं। 2009 में लिंग और बाल संबंधी मामलों के मंत्रालय ने 400 बाल सुरक्षा अधिकारी नियुक्त किये। बाल श्रम के कारणों में गरीबी, शिक्षा तक पहुंच की कमी और कमजोर सरकारी संस्थाएं शामिल हैं। केन्या ने उद्योगों में श्रम निरीक्षण प्रथा संख्या 81 और कृषि में श्रम निरीक्षण के लिए प्रथा संख्या 129 में सुधार किया।"
} | {
"en": "What is the age range of most prostitutes in Kenya?",
"hi": "केन्या में अधिकांश वेश्याओं का आयु प्रसार क्या है?"
} | {
"en": [
"9–18."
],
"hi": [
"9-18"
]
} | {
"en": [
264,
264,
264
],
"hi": [
241
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
] | 31_footballer_plays_club | [
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] |
572920d73f37b31900478058 | Kenya | {
"en": "Child labour is common in Kenya. Most working children are active in agriculture. In 2006, UNICEF estimated that up to 30% of girls in the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution. Most of the prostitutes in Kenya are aged 9–18. The Ministry of Gender and Child Affairs employed 400 child protection officers in 2009. The causes of child labour include poverty, the lack of access to education and weak government institutions. Kenya has ratified Convention No. 81 on labour inspection in industries and Convention No. 129 on labour inspection in agriculture.",
"hi": "केन्या में बाल श्रम आम बात है। अधिकांश बाल श्रमिक कृषि में सक्रिय हैं। 2006 में, यूनिसेफ का अनुमान था कि मालिन्दी, मोबासा, किलिफी और डियानी के समुद्र तटीय क्षेत्रों में 30% तक लड़कियां वैश्यावृत्ति की शिकार थीं। केन्या में अधिकांश वेश्याएं 9-18 वर्ष की हैं। 2009 में लिंग और बाल संबंधी मामलों के मंत्रालय ने 400 बाल सुरक्षा अधिकारी नियुक्त किये। बाल श्रम के कारणों में गरीबी, शिक्षा तक पहुंच की कमी और कमजोर सरकारी संस्थाएं शामिल हैं। केन्या ने उद्योगों में श्रम निरीक्षण प्रथा संख्या 81 और कृषि में श्रम निरीक्षण के लिए प्रथा संख्या 129 में सुधार किया।"
} | {
"en": "What are some of the causes of child labor?",
"hi": "बाल श्रम के कुछ कारण क्या हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"poverty, the lack of access to education and weak government institutions"
],
"hi": [
"गरीबी, शिक्षा तक पहुंच की कमी और कमजोर सरकारी संस्थाएं"
]
} | {
"en": [
394,
394,
394
],
"hi": [
370
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
5729281baf94a219006aa11f | Kenya | {
"en": "Kenya is active in several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing. The country is known chiefly for its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics, having consistently produced Olympic and Commonwealth Games champions in various distance events, especially in 800 m, 1,500 m, 3,000 m steeplechase, 5,000 m, 10,000 m and the marathon. Kenyan athletes (particularly Kalenjin) continue to dominate the world of distance running, although competition from Morocco and Ethiopia has reduced this supremacy. Kenya's best-known athletes included the four-time women's Boston Marathon winner and two-time world champion Catherine Ndereba, 800m world record holder David Rudisha, former Marathon world record-holder Paul Tergat, and John Ngugi.",
"hi": "केन्या कई खेलों में सक्रिय है जिनमें क्रिकेट,रैलिंग, फुटबॉल, रग्बी यूनियन और बॉक्सिंग हैं। देश मुख्यतः विभिन्न दूरी वाली प्रतियोगिताओं, विशेष रूप से मध्यम दूरी और लंबी दूरी की एथेलिटिक्स में अपने वर्चस्व के लिए विभिन्न दूरी वाली प्रतियोगिताओं, विशेष रूप से 800 मी, 1500 मी, 3000 मी, स्टीप्लचेज, 5000 मी, 10000 मी और मैराथन में लगातार ओलंपिक और कामनवेल्थ खेल विजेताओं के उत्पादक के रूप में जाना जाता है। केन्याई एथलीट्स (विशेष रूप से क्लेन्जिन) ने लंबी दूरी की दौड़ों के संसार में वर्चस्व बना रखा है लेकिन मोरक्को और इथियोपिया ने प्रतिस्पर्धा के इस सर्वोच्चता को घटा दिया है। केन्या के सर्वाधिक सुपरिचित धावकों में महिलाओं की चार बार की बोस्टन मैराथन विजेता, दो बार की विश्वविजेता कैथरीन नदेरेबा, 800 मी विश्व रिकॉर्ड धारक डेविड रुदिशा,पूर्व मैराथन विश्व रिकॉर्ड धारक पॉल और जॉन शामिल हैं।"
} | {
"en": "What sports are Kenyans active in?",
"hi": "केन्याई किन खेलों में सक्रिय हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing"
],
"hi": [
"क्रिकेट,रैलिंग, फुटबॉल, रग्बी यूनियन और बॉक्सिंग"
]
} | {
"en": [
46,
46,
46
],
"hi": [
38
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
] | 31_footballer_plays_club | [
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] |
5729281baf94a219006aa120 | Kenya | {
"en": "Kenya is active in several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing. The country is known chiefly for its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics, having consistently produced Olympic and Commonwealth Games champions in various distance events, especially in 800 m, 1,500 m, 3,000 m steeplechase, 5,000 m, 10,000 m and the marathon. Kenyan athletes (particularly Kalenjin) continue to dominate the world of distance running, although competition from Morocco and Ethiopia has reduced this supremacy. Kenya's best-known athletes included the four-time women's Boston Marathon winner and two-time world champion Catherine Ndereba, 800m world record holder David Rudisha, former Marathon world record-holder Paul Tergat, and John Ngugi.",
"hi": "केन्या कई खेलों में सक्रिय है जिनमें क्रिकेट,रैलिंग, फुटबॉल, रग्बी यूनियन और बॉक्सिंग हैं। देश मुख्यतः विभिन्न दूरी वाली प्रतियोगिताओं, विशेष रूप से मध्यम दूरी और लंबी दूरी की एथेलिटिक्स में अपने वर्चस्व के लिए विभिन्न दूरी वाली प्रतियोगिताओं, विशेष रूप से 800 मी, 1500 मी, 3000 मी, स्टीप्लचेज, 5000 मी, 10000 मी और मैराथन में लगातार ओलंपिक और कामनवेल्थ खेल विजेताओं के उत्पादक के रूप में जाना जाता है। केन्याई एथलीट्स (विशेष रूप से क्लेन्जिन) ने लंबी दूरी की दौड़ों के संसार में वर्चस्व बना रखा है लेकिन मोरक्को और इथियोपिया ने प्रतिस्पर्धा के इस सर्वोच्चता को घटा दिया है। केन्या के सर्वाधिक सुपरिचित धावकों में महिलाओं की चार बार की बोस्टन मैराथन विजेता, दो बार की विश्वविजेता कैथरीन नदेरेबा, 800 मी विश्व रिकॉर्ड धारक डेविड रुदिशा,पूर्व मैराथन विश्व रिकॉर्ड धारक पॉल और जॉन शामिल हैं।"
} | {
"en": "What is the country known for?",
"hi": "लंबी दूरी की दौड़ों में किसका वर्चस्व है?"
} | {
"en": [
"its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics"
],
"hi": [
"मध्यम दूरी और लंबी दूरी की एथेलिटिक्स में अपने वर्चस्व"
]
} | {
"en": [
132,
149,
136
],
"hi": [
152
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
] | 31_footballer_plays_club | [
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] |
5729281baf94a219006aa121 | Kenya | {
"en": "Kenya is active in several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing. The country is known chiefly for its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics, having consistently produced Olympic and Commonwealth Games champions in various distance events, especially in 800 m, 1,500 m, 3,000 m steeplechase, 5,000 m, 10,000 m and the marathon. Kenyan athletes (particularly Kalenjin) continue to dominate the world of distance running, although competition from Morocco and Ethiopia has reduced this supremacy. Kenya's best-known athletes included the four-time women's Boston Marathon winner and two-time world champion Catherine Ndereba, 800m world record holder David Rudisha, former Marathon world record-holder Paul Tergat, and John Ngugi.",
"hi": "केन्या कई खेलों में सक्रिय है जिनमें क्रिकेट,रैलिंग, फुटबॉल, रग्बी यूनियन और बॉक्सिंग हैं। देश मुख्यतः विभिन्न दूरी वाली प्रतियोगिताओं, विशेष रूप से मध्यम दूरी और लंबी दूरी की एथेलिटिक्स में अपने वर्चस्व के लिए विभिन्न दूरी वाली प्रतियोगिताओं, विशेष रूप से 800 मी, 1500 मी, 3000 मी, स्टीप्लचेज, 5000 मी, 10000 मी और मैराथन में लगातार ओलंपिक और कामनवेल्थ खेल विजेताओं के उत्पादक के रूप में जाना जाता है। केन्याई एथलीट्स (विशेष रूप से क्लेन्जिन) ने लंबी दूरी की दौड़ों के संसार में वर्चस्व बना रखा है लेकिन मोरक्को और इथियोपिया ने प्रतिस्पर्धा के इस सर्वोच्चता को घटा दिया है। केन्या के सर्वाधिक सुपरिचित धावकों में महिलाओं की चार बार की बोस्टन मैराथन विजेता, दो बार की विश्वविजेता कैथरीन नदेरेबा, 800 मी विश्व रिकॉर्ड धारक डेविड रुदिशा,पूर्व मैराथन विश्व रिकॉर्ड धारक पॉल और जॉन शामिल हैं।"
} | {
"en": "Who dominates the world of long distance running?",
"hi": "लंबी दूरी की दौड़ की दुनिया में कौन हावी है?"
} | {
"en": [
"Kenyan athletes (particularly Kalenjin)"
],
"hi": [
"केन्याई एथलीट्स (विशेष रूप से क्लेन्जिन)"
]
} | {
"en": [
380,
380,
0
],
"hi": [
407
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
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] |
5729281baf94a219006aa122 | Kenya | {
"en": "Kenya is active in several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing. The country is known chiefly for its dominance in middle-distance and long-distance athletics, having consistently produced Olympic and Commonwealth Games champions in various distance events, especially in 800 m, 1,500 m, 3,000 m steeplechase, 5,000 m, 10,000 m and the marathon. Kenyan athletes (particularly Kalenjin) continue to dominate the world of distance running, although competition from Morocco and Ethiopia has reduced this supremacy. Kenya's best-known athletes included the four-time women's Boston Marathon winner and two-time world champion Catherine Ndereba, 800m world record holder David Rudisha, former Marathon world record-holder Paul Tergat, and John Ngugi.",
"hi": "केन्या कई खेलों में सक्रिय है जिनमें क्रिकेट,रैलिंग, फुटबॉल, रग्बी यूनियन और बॉक्सिंग हैं। देश मुख्यतः विभिन्न दूरी वाली प्रतियोगिताओं, विशेष रूप से मध्यम दूरी और लंबी दूरी की एथेलिटिक्स में अपने वर्चस्व के लिए विभिन्न दूरी वाली प्रतियोगिताओं, विशेष रूप से 800 मी, 1500 मी, 3000 मी, स्टीप्लचेज, 5000 मी, 10000 मी और मैराथन में लगातार ओलंपिक और कामनवेल्थ खेल विजेताओं के उत्पादक के रूप में जाना जाता है। केन्याई एथलीट्स (विशेष रूप से क्लेन्जिन) ने लंबी दूरी की दौड़ों के संसार में वर्चस्व बना रखा है लेकिन मोरक्को और इथियोपिया ने प्रतिस्पर्धा के इस सर्वोच्चता को घटा दिया है। केन्या के सर्वाधिक सुपरिचित धावकों में महिलाओं की चार बार की बोस्टन मैराथन विजेता, दो बार की विश्वविजेता कैथरीन नदेरेबा, 800 मी विश्व रिकॉर्ड धारक डेविड रुदिशा,पूर्व मैराथन विश्व रिकॉर्ड धारक पॉल और जॉन शामिल हैं।"
} | {
"en": "What countries does Kenya compete with for long distance running?",
"hi": "लंबी दूरी की दौड़ों में कौन से देश केन्या से प्रतिस्पर्धा करते हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"Morocco and Ethiopia"
],
"hi": [
"मोरक्को और इथियोपिया"
]
} | {
"en": [
498,
498,
498
],
"hi": [
508
]
} | [
"Geography.Regions.Africa.Africa*"
] | 31_footballer_plays_club | [
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] |
57293bc91d0469140077919b | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau. Before this election, the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli, who was designated acting Chair after the resignation of Rajendra K. Pachauri in February 2015. The previous chairs were Rajendra K. Pachauri, elected in May 2002; Robert Watson in 1997; and Bert Bolin in 1988. The chair is assisted by an elected bureau including vice-chairs, working group co-chairs, and a secretariat.",
"hi": "कोरियाई अर्थशास्त्री होइसिंग ली नए आईपीसीसी ब्यूरो के चुनाव के बाद से 8 अक्टूबर 2015 से आईपीसीसी के अध्यक्ष है। इस चुनाव के पूर्व, आईपीसीसी का नेतृत्व उसके उपाध्यक्ष इस्माइल एल गिज़ोउली द्वारा किया गया जिनको 4 फरवरी 2015 को राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी के इस्तीफे के बाद कार्यवाहक अध्यक्ष नामित किया गया। पूर्व अध्यक्ष राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी मई 2002 में, रोबर्ट वाटसन 1997 में औरबर्ट बोलिन 1988 में इसके अध्यक्ष चुने गए थे। अध्यक्ष की सहायता, एक चुने हुए ब्यूरो, जिसमें उपाध्यक्ष, कार्यकारी उपाध्यक्ष समूह और सचिवालय शामिल हैं, के द्वारा की जाती है।"
} | {
"en": "Who is the chair of the IPCC?",
"hi": "आईपीसीसी का अध्यक्ष कौन है?"
} | {
"en": [
"Hoesung Lee"
],
"hi": [
"होइसिंग ली"
]
} | {
"en": [
17,
17,
17
],
"hi": [
21
]
} | [
"History and Society.Education",
"History and Society.Society",
"STEM.Earth and environment",
"STEM.STEM*"
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"COVID-19 misinformation",
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"Domestic violence",
"History of Austria",
"Fred Singer",
"Greenhouse gas inventory",
"Climate variability and change",
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"History of Detroit",
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"Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud",
"Robert McNamara",
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"History of the United States",
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"Sexual harassment",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"Plastic pollution",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"E-democracy",
"H. H. Asquith",
"2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"Tuvalu",
"Climate change and Indigenous peoples",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
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"Lithuania",
"Keystone Pipeline",
"Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union",
"Iraq War",
"Political positions of Lisa Murkowski",
"Second Vatican Council",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
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"Economic policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Climate change in Indonesia",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
"Puerto Rico",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Human rights in China",
"New Mexico",
"Trumpism",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Pandemic prevention",
"History of Western civilization",
"Energy policy of the United Kingdom",
"Framing (social sciences)",
"Energy development",
"Richard Blumenthal",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement",
"Kevin Rudd",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Conscience",
"Climate change scenario",
"History of the Internet",
"Economic growth",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"California Environmental Quality Act",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Israel",
"Political positions of Kamala Harris",
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"Industrial Revolution",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"Foreign internal defense",
"Carbon capture and storage",
"Climate change in Brazil",
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"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Climate finance",
"Computer security",
"Corporate social responsibility",
"John von Neumann",
"The Co-operative Group",
"Pope Pius XII",
"China–Pakistan Economic Corridor",
"Hillsborough disaster",
"Amnesty International",
"Oil sands",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Environmental effects of aviation",
"Poverty",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
"List of modern great powers",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"Malnutrition",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Energy transition",
"American frontier",
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"World Jewish Congress",
"Hamas",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Open access",
"Abuse in gymnastics",
"Little Ice Age",
"Italy",
"Views on the Kyoto Protocol",
"Human rights in the United Kingdom",
"Trump administration political interference with science agencies",
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"Adolescence",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Historikerstreit",
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"Mikhail Gorbachev",
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"Fidel Castro",
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"Fish for finance",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Famine",
"History of science and technology in the People's Republic of China",
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"Whaling in Japan",
"Mitt Romney",
"Vilnius",
"Enoch Powell",
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"Defamation",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"China",
"Torreya taxifolia",
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"Apartheid",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Special Report on Emissions Scenarios",
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"United Nations Human Rights Council",
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
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"12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam",
"History of Missouri",
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"Climate change in Japan",
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"History of Poland",
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"Intelligence dissemination management",
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"MeToo movement",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
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"Russia–European Union relations",
"India–United States relations",
"Roe v. Wade",
"List of climate change video games",
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"Ozone depletion and climate change",
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"First Russian Antarctic Expedition",
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"Climate change in Bangladesh",
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"Generation Z",
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"Anti-environmentalism",
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"History of science",
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"Vladimir Tismăneanu",
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"Environmental justice",
"Social enterprise",
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"Maximilien Robespierre",
"United Kingdom",
"Attachment theory",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
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"History of the race and intelligence controversy",
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"Srebrenica massacre",
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"Emission intensity",
"Franciscus Patricius",
"Convention People's Party",
"List of My Hero Academia characters",
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"Climate change in the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Wikipedia",
"Joe Romm",
"Global cooling",
"Kazakhstan",
"Smart grid",
"Cryptocurrency",
"Cannabis in Italy",
"Water in California",
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"Jury",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
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"Gaza flotilla raid",
"Nothing Records",
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"Internment of Japanese Americans",
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"Weather of 2010",
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"Oddworld Inhabitants",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj",
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"Macedonia naming dispute",
"Japan–United States relations",
"Yom Kippur War",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Sierra Leone",
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"Economics",
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"Texas",
"Democracy",
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"One-child policy",
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"Dave Lowe (atmospheric scientist)",
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"Laudato si'",
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"Orphan wells in Alberta, Canada",
"Fourth National Climate Assessment",
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"Joseph Lister",
"On the Origin of Species",
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"English trust law",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
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"Slavery in the United States",
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"Food vs. fuel",
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"War on drugs",
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"E-government",
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"Greenhouse gas",
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"Water on Mars",
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57293bc91d0469140077919c | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau. Before this election, the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli, who was designated acting Chair after the resignation of Rajendra K. Pachauri in February 2015. The previous chairs were Rajendra K. Pachauri, elected in May 2002; Robert Watson in 1997; and Bert Bolin in 1988. The chair is assisted by an elected bureau including vice-chairs, working group co-chairs, and a secretariat.",
"hi": "कोरियाई अर्थशास्त्री होइसिंग ली नए आईपीसीसी ब्यूरो के चुनाव के बाद से 8 अक्टूबर 2015 से आईपीसीसी के अध्यक्ष है। इस चुनाव के पूर्व, आईपीसीसी का नेतृत्व उसके उपाध्यक्ष इस्माइल एल गिज़ोउली द्वारा किया गया जिनको 4 फरवरी 2015 को राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी के इस्तीफे के बाद कार्यवाहक अध्यक्ष नामित किया गया। पूर्व अध्यक्ष राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी मई 2002 में, रोबर्ट वाटसन 1997 में औरबर्ट बोलिन 1988 में इसके अध्यक्ष चुने गए थे। अध्यक्ष की सहायता, एक चुने हुए ब्यूरो, जिसमें उपाध्यक्ष, कार्यकारी उपाध्यक्ष समूह और सचिवालय शामिल हैं, के द्वारा की जाती है।"
} | {
"en": "What nationality is Hoesung Lee?",
"hi": "होइसिंग ली की राष्ट्रीयता क्या है?"
} | {
"en": [
"Korean"
],
"hi": [
"कोरियाई"
]
} | {
"en": [
0,
9,
0
],
"hi": [
0
]
} | [
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57293bc91d0469140077919d | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau. Before this election, the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli, who was designated acting Chair after the resignation of Rajendra K. Pachauri in February 2015. The previous chairs were Rajendra K. Pachauri, elected in May 2002; Robert Watson in 1997; and Bert Bolin in 1988. The chair is assisted by an elected bureau including vice-chairs, working group co-chairs, and a secretariat.",
"hi": "कोरियाई अर्थशास्त्री होइसिंग ली नए आईपीसीसी ब्यूरो के चुनाव के बाद से 8 अक्टूबर 2015 से आईपीसीसी के अध्यक्ष है। इस चुनाव के पूर्व, आईपीसीसी का नेतृत्व उसके उपाध्यक्ष इस्माइल एल गिज़ोउली द्वारा किया गया जिनको 4 फरवरी 2015 को राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी के इस्तीफे के बाद कार्यवाहक अध्यक्ष नामित किया गया। पूर्व अध्यक्ष राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी मई 2002 में, रोबर्ट वाटसन 1997 में औरबर्ट बोलिन 1988 में इसके अध्यक्ष चुने गए थे। अध्यक्ष की सहायता, एक चुने हुए ब्यूरो, जिसमें उपाध्यक्ष, कार्यकारी उपाध्यक्ष समूह और सचिवालय शामिल हैं, के द्वारा की जाती है।"
} | {
"en": "Who is the vice-chair of the IPCC?",
"hi": "आईपीसीसी का उपाध्यक्ष कौन है?"
} | {
"en": [
"Ismail El Gizouli"
],
"hi": [
"इस्माइल एल गिज़ोउली"
]
} | {
"en": [
181,
181,
181
],
"hi": [
167
]
} | [
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"Twitter",
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"Contract",
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"Civil rights movement",
"Energy conservation",
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"History of United States foreign policy",
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"History of Austria",
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"Greenhouse gas inventory",
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"Shinzo Abe",
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"Climate change scenario",
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"History of broadcasting in Australia",
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"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
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"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
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"History of the Netherlands",
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"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
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"Electronic waste",
"Soviet Union",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"Economy of the United States",
"Fidel Castro",
"Zero-energy building",
"2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
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"Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory",
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"France",
"Views on the nuclear program of Iran",
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"Light in painting",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"COVID-19 pandemic",
"Environmental issues in Alberta",
"Scientology",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Climate change in India",
"Fish for finance",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Famine",
"History of science and technology in the People's Republic of China",
"Sustainable agriculture",
"Water security",
"Pope Francis",
"Whaling in Japan",
"Mitt Romney",
"Vilnius",
"Enoch Powell",
"Pakistan",
"Vietnam War",
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"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Politics of Georgia (country)",
"Human rights in the United States",
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"Saudi Arabia",
"Metascience",
"Defamation",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
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"Torreya taxifolia",
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"Zhou Enlai",
"Special Report on Emissions Scenarios",
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"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
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"12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam",
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"Earth Day",
"Climate change in Japan",
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"Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty",
"Nuclear proliferation",
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"Partygate",
"Sport psychology",
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"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
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"Creativity",
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"List of Pokémon anime characters",
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"Human rights and climate change",
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"Stephen Harper",
"Reconstruction era",
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"Nawaz Sharif",
"Canada convoy protest",
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"Political positions of John Delaney",
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"Italian Americans",
"Apple Inc.",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
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"Joseph Stalin",
"Green New Deal",
"Smolensk air disaster",
"United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict",
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"Steady-state economy",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Age of Enlightenment",
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"MeToo movement",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
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"Robert Byrd",
"Russia–European Union relations",
"India–United States relations",
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"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
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"Generation Z",
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"Vladimir Tismăneanu",
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"Replication crisis",
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"Talcott Parsons",
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"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
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"2019–2020 Hong Kong protests",
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"Robert F. Kennedy Jr.",
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"ITER",
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] |
57293bc91d0469140077919e | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau. Before this election, the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli, who was designated acting Chair after the resignation of Rajendra K. Pachauri in February 2015. The previous chairs were Rajendra K. Pachauri, elected in May 2002; Robert Watson in 1997; and Bert Bolin in 1988. The chair is assisted by an elected bureau including vice-chairs, working group co-chairs, and a secretariat.",
"hi": "कोरियाई अर्थशास्त्री होइसिंग ली नए आईपीसीसी ब्यूरो के चुनाव के बाद से 8 अक्टूबर 2015 से आईपीसीसी के अध्यक्ष है। इस चुनाव के पूर्व, आईपीसीसी का नेतृत्व उसके उपाध्यक्ष इस्माइल एल गिज़ोउली द्वारा किया गया जिनको 4 फरवरी 2015 को राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी के इस्तीफे के बाद कार्यवाहक अध्यक्ष नामित किया गया। पूर्व अध्यक्ष राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी मई 2002 में, रोबर्ट वाटसन 1997 में औरबर्ट बोलिन 1988 में इसके अध्यक्ष चुने गए थे। अध्यक्ष की सहायता, एक चुने हुए ब्यूरो, जिसमें उपाध्यक्ष, कार्यकारी उपाध्यक्ष समूह और सचिवालय शामिल हैं, के द्वारा की जाती है।"
} | {
"en": "Who was the first chair of the IPCC?",
"hi": "आईपीसीसी का पहला अध्यक्ष कौन था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Bert Bolin"
],
"hi": [
"बर्ट बोलिन"
]
} | {
"en": [
391,
391,
391
],
"hi": [
367
]
} | [
"History and Society.Education",
"History and Society.Society",
"STEM.Earth and environment",
"STEM.STEM*"
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57293bc91d0469140077919f | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau. Before this election, the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli, who was designated acting Chair after the resignation of Rajendra K. Pachauri in February 2015. The previous chairs were Rajendra K. Pachauri, elected in May 2002; Robert Watson in 1997; and Bert Bolin in 1988. The chair is assisted by an elected bureau including vice-chairs, working group co-chairs, and a secretariat.",
"hi": "कोरियाई अर्थशास्त्री होइसिंग ली नए आईपीसीसी ब्यूरो के चुनाव के बाद से 8 अक्टूबर 2015 से आईपीसीसी के अध्यक्ष है। इस चुनाव के पूर्व, आईपीसीसी का नेतृत्व उसके उपाध्यक्ष इस्माइल एल गिज़ोउली द्वारा किया गया जिनको 4 फरवरी 2015 को राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी के इस्तीफे के बाद कार्यवाहक अध्यक्ष नामित किया गया। पूर्व अध्यक्ष राजेन्द्र के. पचौरी मई 2002 में, रोबर्ट वाटसन 1997 में औरबर्ट बोलिन 1988 में इसके अध्यक्ष चुने गए थे। अध्यक्ष की सहायता, एक चुने हुए ब्यूरो, जिसमें उपाध्यक्ष, कार्यकारी उपाध्यक्ष समूह और सचिवालय शामिल हैं, के द्वारा की जाती है।"
} | {
"en": "When did Pachauri resign as chair of the IPCC?",
"hi": "पचौरी ने आईपीसीसी के अध्यक्ष पद से कब इस्तीफा दिया?"
} | {
"en": [
"February 2015"
],
"hi": [
"4 फरवरी 2015"
]
} | {
"en": [
281,
281,
281
],
"hi": [
208
]
} | [
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57293e221d046914007791d5 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 °C per decade during the [21st] century. They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 °C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect is not likely for a decade or more.",
"hi": "डब्ल्यूजी I समरी के लिए नीति निर्माताओं की कार्यकारी समिति की रिपोर्ट कहती है कि वे निश्चित हैं कि मानव गतिविधियों के परिणामस्वरूप ग्रीनहाउस गैसों के उत्सर्जन की पर्यावरणीय सघनता काफी हद तक बढ़ रही है जिसके परिणामस्वरूप औसतन एक पृथ्वी की सतह पर अतिरिक्त्त गर्मी होना है। वे विश्वास के साथ गणना करते हैं कि कार्बन डाईऑक्साइड आधे से अधिक बढ़े हुए ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव के लिए उत्तरदायी रहा है। वे भविष्यवाणी करते हैं कि यथावत व्यवसाय के अंतर्गत शताब्दी (21वीं) के दौरान प्रति दशक औसत वैश्विक तापमान परिदृश्य लगभग 3°C बढ़ेगा। वउनका अनुमान है कि औसत वैश्विक सतह वायु तापमान, गत 100 वर्षों में, लेकिन उसी परिमाण के स्वाभाविक जलवायु परिवर्त्तन के साथ व्यापक रूप से निरंतर जलवायु मॉडल के पूर्वानुमान के साथ 0.3 से 0.6 तक बढ़ा है। वर्धित ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव की असमानता का पता एक दशक या उससे अधिक समय तक चलने की संभावना नहीं है।"
} | {
"en": "What does the WG I Summary for Policymakers report say human activities are doing to greenhouse gases?",
"hi": "नीति निर्माताओं के लिए डब्ल्यूजी I समरी की रिपोर्ट कहती कि मानव गतिविधियाँ ग्रीन हाउस गैसों के लिए क्या कर रही हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations"
],
"hi": [
"उत्सर्जन की पर्यावरणीय सघनता"
]
} | {
"en": [
139,
139,
139
],
"hi": [
150
]
} | [
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"Iran–United States relations",
"History of Guatemala",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Xi Jinping",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"Fossil fuel phase-out",
"Biodiversity loss",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"Carbon offsets and credits",
"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign",
"2000s",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Climate change feedback",
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"2018–2023 United Kingdom higher education strikes",
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"Fox News",
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"Particulates",
"20th century in science",
"Criticism of Facebook",
"Global Climate Coalition",
"Deforestation",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"Environmental policy of the United States",
"WikiLeaks",
"Low-carbon economy",
"Reception of WikiLeaks",
"Uyghur genocide",
"Criminal procedure in South Africa",
"Education in China",
"Atlantic meridional overturning circulation",
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"Green building",
"Organic farming",
"United States Agency for International Development",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Special Relationship",
"Low-carbon fuel standard",
"Biomass (energy)",
"Portugal",
"Abbott government",
"Tartan",
"Value-form",
"Planetary boundaries",
"Carbon sequestration",
"Sustainable Development Goals",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Literacy",
"Howard government",
"Woody plant encroachment",
"YouTube",
"Black carbon",
"Volkswagen emissions scandal",
"Carbon emission trading",
"Climate change in Nigeria",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"History of the United States government",
"National broadband plan",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"History of France",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Climate justice",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Twitter",
"Neoliberalism",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World Economic Forum",
"Cold War",
"Health effects of Bisphenol A",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Climate change in Vietnam",
"2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
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"Contract",
"Police brutality by country",
"Civil rights movement",
"Energy conservation",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"European Union Emissions Trading System",
"Climate migration",
"Ralph Northam",
"Disinformation attack",
"Inflation Reduction Act",
"Food loss and waste",
"Government incentives for plug-in electric vehicles",
"ExxonMobil climate change denial",
"Psychology",
"Vaccine hesitancy",
"Joe Biden",
"New Deal",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Lobbying in the United States",
"History of socialism",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"1996 California Proposition 218",
"Educational technology",
"Western African Ebola virus epidemic",
"Energiewende",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"Israel–United States relations",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Latin America",
"Racism in the United States",
"Mueller report",
"Trans-Pacific Partnership",
"United Nations Climate Change conference",
"Globalization",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Air pollution",
"Climate change in China",
"Pollution in California",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Domestic violence",
"History of Austria",
"Fred Singer",
"Greenhouse gas inventory",
"Climate variability and change",
"Hillary Clinton",
"Environmental impacts of animal agriculture",
"United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Climate change in Tuvalu",
"Climate change in Greece",
"Global dimming",
"Electricity policy of Ontario",
"Peak oil",
"Sex trafficking",
"African humid period",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Permafrost",
"History of Detroit",
"Effects of climate change on human health",
"Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud",
"Robert McNamara",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"2019–20 Australian bushfire season",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"History of the United States",
"South African criminal law",
"Sexual harassment",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"Plastic pollution",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"E-democracy",
"H. H. Asquith",
"2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"Tuvalu",
"Climate change and Indigenous peoples",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Greece",
"Lithuania",
"Keystone Pipeline",
"Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union",
"Iraq War",
"Political positions of Lisa Murkowski",
"Second Vatican Council",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Sustainability",
"Economic policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Climate change in Indonesia",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
"Puerto Rico",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Human rights in China",
"New Mexico",
"Trumpism",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Pandemic prevention",
"History of Western civilization",
"Energy policy of the United Kingdom",
"Framing (social sciences)",
"Energy development",
"Richard Blumenthal",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement",
"Kevin Rudd",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Conscience",
"Climate change scenario",
"History of the Internet",
"Economic growth",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"California Environmental Quality Act",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Israel",
"Political positions of Kamala Harris",
"Climate change in South Korea",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"Foreign internal defense",
"Carbon capture and storage",
"Climate change in Brazil",
"Citizen science",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Climate finance",
"Computer security",
"Corporate social responsibility",
"John von Neumann",
"The Co-operative Group",
"Pope Pius XII",
"China–Pakistan Economic Corridor",
"Hillsborough disaster",
"Amnesty International",
"Oil sands",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Environmental effects of aviation",
"Poverty",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
"List of modern great powers",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"Malnutrition",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Energy transition",
"American frontier",
"Myanmar",
"World Jewish Congress",
"Hamas",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Open access",
"Abuse in gymnastics",
"Little Ice Age",
"Italy",
"Views on the Kyoto Protocol",
"Human rights in the United Kingdom",
"Trump administration political interference with science agencies",
"England",
"Adolescence",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Historikerstreit",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States",
"Electronic waste",
"Soviet Union",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"Economy of the United States",
"Fidel Castro",
"Zero-energy building",
"2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"Tesla Autopilot",
"Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory",
"Incarceration in the United States",
"Human rights in Israel",
"France",
"Views on the nuclear program of Iran",
"Arguments for and against drug prohibition",
"Light in painting",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"COVID-19 pandemic",
"Environmental issues in Alberta",
"Scientology",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Climate change in India",
"Fish for finance",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Famine",
"History of science and technology in the People's Republic of China",
"Sustainable agriculture",
"Water security",
"Pope Francis",
"Whaling in Japan",
"Mitt Romney",
"Vilnius",
"Enoch Powell",
"Pakistan",
"Vietnam War",
"Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)",
"Education in India",
"Social Security (United States)",
"International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War",
"Morrison government",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Politics of Georgia (country)",
"Human rights in the United States",
"Islamic banking and finance",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Metascience",
"Defamation",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"China",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"Apartheid",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Special Report on Emissions Scenarios",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Climate governance",
"United Nations Human Rights Council",
"Subprime mortgage crisis solutions debate",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Air pollution in the United States",
"Fukushima nuclear accident",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
"Affordable housing in Canada",
"12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam",
"History of Missouri",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"Unification Church",
"British government response to the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Earth Day",
"Climate change in Japan",
"Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Greenland ice sheet",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty",
"Nuclear proliferation",
"South African contract law",
"Ethiopia",
"Partygate",
"Sport psychology",
"Common Agricultural Policy",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Albania",
"Creativity",
"Foreign relations of China",
"Bondelswarts Rebellion",
"Timeline of carbon capture and storage",
"Nuclear safety and security",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Global catastrophe scenarios",
"Women and the environment",
"Economy of India",
"John F. Kennedy",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Bill Clinton",
"Biodiversity",
"Human rights and climate change",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Wegman Report",
"Freedom of religion in Europe by country",
"Climate change in Antarctica",
"Bernie Sanders",
"Stephen Harper",
"Reconstruction era",
"Ethics of technology",
"COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria",
"History of Poland",
"Gulf War",
"International Space Station",
"Archibald Cox",
"IPCC Summary for Policymakers",
"HIV/AIDS in Russia",
"Consumer behaviour",
"Barack Obama",
"Erwin Rommel",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Canada convoy protest",
"Net neutrality",
"Scientific method",
"Intelligence dissemination management",
"Human overpopulation",
"Political positions of John Delaney",
"Domestic policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Italian Americans",
"Apple Inc.",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
"Falun Gong",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Green New Deal",
"Smolensk air disaster",
"United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict",
"Antisemitism in the UK Labour Party",
"Steady-state economy",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Executive compensation in the United States",
"MeToo movement",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Energy policy of Canada",
"Progressive Era",
"Robert Byrd",
"Russia–European Union relations",
"India–United States relations",
"Roe v. Wade",
"List of climate change video games",
"Sweden",
"Ozone depletion and climate change",
"Suez Crisis",
"First Russian Antarctic Expedition",
"Poverty reduction",
"Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo",
"French Resistance",
"Diving safety",
"Climate change in Bangladesh",
"Officers' Association",
"Richard Lindzen",
"Confederate States of America",
"Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"Jimmy Carter",
"Economy of North Korea",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
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"Jean Chrétien",
"Tim Kaine",
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"Nicolae Iorga",
"Characters of Casualty",
"Environmental impact assessment",
"Edward Snowden",
"BDSM",
"North Korea",
"Climate change in Puerto Rico",
"Charlie Baker",
"European Green Deal",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Blockade of the Gaza Strip",
"Netherlands",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Friedrich Hayek",
"Kashmir conflict",
"John McCain",
"Deepwater Horizon oil spill",
"History of the nude in art",
"Populism",
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"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"2010s global surveillance disclosures",
"Walmart",
"Crisis in Venezuela",
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"Andreas Hillgruber",
"Generation Z",
"Iceland",
"Douglas MacArthur",
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"Peacekeeping",
"Race and health in the United States",
"Corporate average fuel economy",
"League of Nations",
"Human nutrition",
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"First 100 days of Imran Khan's prime ministership",
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"Women in music",
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"Hillary Clinton email controversy",
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"Meat",
"Brian Mulroney",
"Zimbabwe",
"9/11 conspiracy theories",
"Reproductive justice",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Pope John Paul II",
"Open scientific data",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Environmental activism of Al Gore",
"Medicare (United States)",
"History of autism",
"Climate risk",
"Employment discrimination",
"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"European Parliament",
"Coral bleaching",
"Anti-environmentalism",
"Jim Inhofe",
"Violence against women",
"International Criminal Court",
"Genetically modified food in Oceania",
"Biodiesel",
"Conservative Party (UK)",
"Permian–Triassic extinction event",
"European Investment Bank",
"Harold Wilson",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Pacific right whale",
"History of science",
"Somalia",
"Vladimir Tismăneanu",
"Fox News controversies",
"Projects of the Caribbean Community",
"Internet",
"Cold War (1953–1962)",
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"Political positions of Amy Klobuchar",
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"Working definition of antisemitism",
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"44th Medical Brigade",
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"Baby boomers",
"Islamic terrorism",
"Relationship between religion and science",
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"Education",
"Replication crisis",
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"Fossil fuel divestment",
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"Talcott Parsons",
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"World War II by country",
"Waste management in Australia",
"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
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"2019–2020 Hong Kong protests",
"Water supply and sanitation in the United States",
"Robert F. Kennedy Jr.",
"Homelessness in the United States by state",
"Constitution of the United Kingdom",
"Environmental justice",
"Social enterprise",
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"Maximilien Robespierre",
"United Kingdom",
"Attachment theory",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
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"History of social democracy",
"Telehealth",
"Anarchism in Brazil",
"History of the race and intelligence controversy",
"World Bank",
"Democratic peace theory",
"Loot box",
"Srebrenica massacre",
"Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization",
"Life-cycle assessment",
"Greek government-debt crisis",
"Miscegenation",
"Emission intensity",
"Franciscus Patricius",
"Convention People's Party",
"List of My Hero Academia characters",
"2009 Afghan presidential election",
"Climate change in the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Wikipedia",
"Joe Romm",
"Global cooling",
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"Smart grid",
"Cryptocurrency",
"Cannabis in Italy",
"Water in California",
"Artificial intelligence",
"Jury",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Conservation biology",
"Gaza flotilla raid",
"Nothing Records",
"2023 New Zealand general election",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
"Weather of 2010",
"United Kingdom insolvency law",
"Oddworld Inhabitants",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj",
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"Macedonia naming dispute",
"Japan–United States relations",
"Yom Kippur War",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Sierra Leone",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Political positions of Newt Gingrich",
"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"Media bias in the United States",
"Hubble Space Telescope",
"William Barr",
"Ozone",
"Economics",
"Algorithmic bias",
"Texas",
"Democracy",
"Clean Air Act (United States)",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"Korean War",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Iran",
"Kenya",
"Nuclear activities in Brazil",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Regulation of artificial intelligence",
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"Food and Agriculture Organization",
"One-child policy",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Criticism of Google",
"Dave Lowe (atmospheric scientist)",
"Cambodia",
"McKinsey & Company",
"History of the United States Space Force",
"Veganism",
"South Korea",
"Laudato si'",
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"Orphan wells in Alberta, Canada",
"Fourth National Climate Assessment",
"Foreign policy of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential election",
"Food security",
"News",
"Women's rights in Saudi Arabia",
"Arnold Schwarzenegger",
"Sandinista National Liberation Front",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"West Germany",
"George Pell",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"University of Pennsylvania",
"International relations since 1989",
"Climate movement",
"Acorn Archimedes",
"Internet of things",
"Climate change in Sweden",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of the Philippines",
"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
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"Cold fusion",
"Tucker Carlson",
"International Energy Agency",
"14th Dalai Lama",
"History of radar",
"Sharia",
"Nuclear power phase-out",
"Climate change in France",
"First Amendment to the United States Constitution",
"Tim Naish",
"Science and technology in China",
"Economy of Morocco",
"German Renewable Energy Sources Act",
"Tony Blair",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Joseph Lister",
"On the Origin of Species",
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"English trust law",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Economic history of France",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Net neutrality in the United States",
"History of Israel",
"Food vs. fuel",
"Russia–United States relations",
"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
"War on drugs",
"Imperial Roman army",
"Occupational safety and health",
"David Cameron",
"Organized crime",
"Climate change in the Middle East and North Africa",
"RT (TV network)",
"Citizens United v. FEC",
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"BBC controversies",
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"SAT",
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"Educational inequality",
"Alberto Gonzales",
"Mao Zedong",
"Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration",
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"Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)",
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"E-government",
"Microfinance",
"Greenhouse gas",
"Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency",
"Gillard government",
"Water on Mars",
"Belt and Road Initiative",
"Economy of Egypt",
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"Patriot Act",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
"Smile (The Beach Boys album)",
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"Marriage",
"Evolutionary psychology",
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"Michael Bloomberg",
"Censorship in the United States",
"American imperialism",
"Education reform",
"Global warming potential",
"Freedom of speech by country",
"Carbon budget",
"List of The Shield characters",
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"Rejection of evolution by religious groups",
"Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"Mitch Daniels",
"Nelson Mandela",
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"Lancet surveys of Iraq War casualties",
"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"History of Nigeria",
"Nigeria",
"Camden, New Jersey",
"Migrant worker",
"Internet privacy",
"Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate",
"Program evaluation",
"Massachusetts",
"Desmond Tutu",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"Presidency of George W. Bush",
"Norway",
"Health care systems by country",
"2014 Gaza War",
"Risk assessment",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
"History of education in New Zealand",
"Michele Bachmann",
"Bashar al-Assad",
"Disaster risk reduction",
"Richard Nixon",
"Environmental issues in China",
"Deficit reduction in the United States",
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"List of films considered the worst",
"Science",
"Michael Oppenheimer",
"Ted Kennedy",
"David Lloyd George",
"Anti-Comintern Pact",
"First Russian circumnavigation",
"Theresa May",
"Marine policy of the Barack Obama administration",
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"Addiction",
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"Second presidency of Lula da Silva",
"Green Revolution",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Eastern Bloc",
"COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia",
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"Business ethics",
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"Shale gas in the United Kingdom",
"Killing of Osama bin Laden",
"ITER",
"Dreyfus affair",
"Big Five personality traits",
"John Baird (Canadian politician)",
"International law",
"Infant mortality",
"Climate change in Italy",
"Brexit and arrangements for science and technology",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"3D printing",
"Verner W. Clapp",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"Greenhouse gas emissions by China",
"Submarine communications cable",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of education in the United States",
"Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War",
"History of United States prison systems",
"Compulsory sterilization",
"Burkina Faso",
"Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration"
] |
57293e221d046914007791d6 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 °C per decade during the [21st] century. They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 °C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect is not likely for a decade or more.",
"hi": "डब्ल्यूजी I समरी के लिए नीति निर्माताओं की कार्यकारी समिति की रिपोर्ट कहती है कि वे निश्चित हैं कि मानव गतिविधियों के परिणामस्वरूप ग्रीनहाउस गैसों के उत्सर्जन की पर्यावरणीय सघनता काफी हद तक बढ़ रही है जिसके परिणामस्वरूप औसतन एक पृथ्वी की सतह पर अतिरिक्त्त गर्मी होना है। वे विश्वास के साथ गणना करते हैं कि कार्बन डाईऑक्साइड आधे से अधिक बढ़े हुए ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव के लिए उत्तरदायी रहा है। वे भविष्यवाणी करते हैं कि यथावत व्यवसाय के अंतर्गत शताब्दी (21वीं) के दौरान प्रति दशक औसत वैश्विक तापमान परिदृश्य लगभग 3°C बढ़ेगा। वउनका अनुमान है कि औसत वैश्विक सतह वायु तापमान, गत 100 वर्षों में, लेकिन उसी परिमाण के स्वाभाविक जलवायु परिवर्त्तन के साथ व्यापक रूप से निरंतर जलवायु मॉडल के पूर्वानुमान के साथ 0.3 से 0.6 तक बढ़ा है। वर्धित ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव की असमानता का पता एक दशक या उससे अधिक समय तक चलने की संभावना नहीं है।"
} | {
"en": "What do increased greenhouse gases cause?",
"hi": "ग्रीनहाउस गैसों के बढ़ने का क्या कारण है?"
} | {
"en": [
"additional warming of the Earth's surface"
],
"hi": [
"पृथ्वी की सतह पर अतिरिक्त्त गर्मी होना"
]
} | {
"en": [
247,
258,
247
],
"hi": [
228
]
} | [
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57293e221d046914007791d7 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 °C per decade during the [21st] century. They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 °C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect is not likely for a decade or more.",
"hi": "डब्ल्यूजी I समरी के लिए नीति निर्माताओं की कार्यकारी समिति की रिपोर्ट कहती है कि वे निश्चित हैं कि मानव गतिविधियों के परिणामस्वरूप ग्रीनहाउस गैसों के उत्सर्जन की पर्यावरणीय सघनता काफी हद तक बढ़ रही है जिसके परिणामस्वरूप औसतन एक पृथ्वी की सतह पर अतिरिक्त्त गर्मी होना है। वे विश्वास के साथ गणना करते हैं कि कार्बन डाईऑक्साइड आधे से अधिक बढ़े हुए ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव के लिए उत्तरदायी रहा है। वे भविष्यवाणी करते हैं कि यथावत व्यवसाय के अंतर्गत शताब्दी (21वीं) के दौरान प्रति दशक औसत वैश्विक तापमान परिदृश्य लगभग 3°C बढ़ेगा। वउनका अनुमान है कि औसत वैश्विक सतह वायु तापमान, गत 100 वर्षों में, लेकिन उसी परिमाण के स्वाभाविक जलवायु परिवर्त्तन के साथ व्यापक रूप से निरंतर जलवायु मॉडल के पूर्वानुमान के साथ 0.3 से 0.6 तक बढ़ा है। वर्धित ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव की असमानता का पता एक दशक या उससे अधिक समय तक चलने की संभावना नहीं है।"
} | {
"en": "How much of the greenhouse effect is due to carbon dioxide?",
"hi": "कार्बन डाईआक्साइड के कारण ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव कितना है?"
} | {
"en": [
"over half"
],
"hi": [
"आधे से अधिक"
]
} | {
"en": [
355,
355,
355
],
"hi": [
324
]
} | [
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"Metascience",
"Defamation",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
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"Torreya taxifolia",
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"Zhou Enlai",
"Special Report on Emissions Scenarios",
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"United Kingdom",
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"Criticism of Wikipedia",
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] |
57293e221d046914007791d8 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 °C per decade during the [21st] century. They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 °C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect is not likely for a decade or more.",
"hi": "डब्ल्यूजी I समरी के लिए नीति निर्माताओं की कार्यकारी समिति की रिपोर्ट कहती है कि वे निश्चित हैं कि मानव गतिविधियों के परिणामस्वरूप ग्रीनहाउस गैसों के उत्सर्जन की पर्यावरणीय सघनता काफी हद तक बढ़ रही है जिसके परिणामस्वरूप औसतन एक पृथ्वी की सतह पर अतिरिक्त्त गर्मी होना है। वे विश्वास के साथ गणना करते हैं कि कार्बन डाईऑक्साइड आधे से अधिक बढ़े हुए ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव के लिए उत्तरदायी रहा है। वे भविष्यवाणी करते हैं कि यथावत व्यवसाय के अंतर्गत शताब्दी (21वीं) के दौरान प्रति दशक औसत वैश्विक तापमान परिदृश्य लगभग 3°C बढ़ेगा। वउनका अनुमान है कि औसत वैश्विक सतह वायु तापमान, गत 100 वर्षों में, लेकिन उसी परिमाण के स्वाभाविक जलवायु परिवर्त्तन के साथ व्यापक रूप से निरंतर जलवायु मॉडल के पूर्वानुमान के साथ 0.3 से 0.6 तक बढ़ा है। वर्धित ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव की असमानता का पता एक दशक या उससे अधिक समय तक चलने की संभावना नहीं है।"
} | {
"en": "What is the scenario called in which we don't change our greenhouse gas creation practices?",
"hi": "उस परिदृश्य को क्या कहा जाता है जिनमें हम ग्रीनहाउस गैस निर्माण प्रथाओं को नहीं बदलते हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"\"business as usual\" (BAU)"
],
"hi": [
"यथावत व्यवसाय"
]
} | {
"en": [
423,
369,
423
],
"hi": [
413
]
} | [
"History and Society.Education",
"History and Society.Society",
"STEM.Earth and environment",
"STEM.STEM*"
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57293e221d046914007791d9 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 °C per decade during the [21st] century. They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 °C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect is not likely for a decade or more.",
"hi": "डब्ल्यूजी I समरी के लिए नीति निर्माताओं की कार्यकारी समिति की रिपोर्ट कहती है कि वे निश्चित हैं कि मानव गतिविधियों के परिणामस्वरूप ग्रीनहाउस गैसों के उत्सर्जन की पर्यावरणीय सघनता काफी हद तक बढ़ रही है जिसके परिणामस्वरूप औसतन एक पृथ्वी की सतह पर अतिरिक्त्त गर्मी होना है। वे विश्वास के साथ गणना करते हैं कि कार्बन डाईऑक्साइड आधे से अधिक बढ़े हुए ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव के लिए उत्तरदायी रहा है। वे भविष्यवाणी करते हैं कि यथावत व्यवसाय के अंतर्गत शताब्दी (21वीं) के दौरान प्रति दशक औसत वैश्विक तापमान परिदृश्य लगभग 3°C बढ़ेगा। वउनका अनुमान है कि औसत वैश्विक सतह वायु तापमान, गत 100 वर्षों में, लेकिन उसी परिमाण के स्वाभाविक जलवायु परिवर्त्तन के साथ व्यापक रूप से निरंतर जलवायु मॉडल के पूर्वानुमान के साथ 0.3 से 0.6 तक बढ़ा है। वर्धित ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव की असमानता का पता एक दशक या उससे अधिक समय तक चलने की संभावना नहीं है।"
} | {
"en": "How much has global mean surface air temperature changed in the last century?",
"hi": "पिछली सदी में वैश्विक औसत वायु के तापमान में कितना परिवर्तन हुआ है?"
} | {
"en": [
"increased by 0.3 to 0.6 °C"
],
"hi": [
"0.3 से 0.6 तक"
]
} | {
"en": [
607,
620,
620
],
"hi": [
694
]
} | [
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572940973f37b319004781a5 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "This projection was not included in the final summary for policymakers. The IPCC has since acknowledged that the date is incorrect, while reaffirming that the conclusion in the final summary was robust. They expressed regret for \"the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures in this instance\". The date of 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC from the WWF report, which has misquoted its own source, an ICSI report \"Variations of Snow and Ice in the past and at present on a Global and Regional Scale\".",
"hi": "यह पूर्वानुमान नीतिनिर्माताओं के लिए अंतिम सारांश में शामिल नहीं था। आईपीसीसी ने, इसकी पुष्टि करते हुए कि अंतिम सारांश में निष्कर्ष ठोस हैं, तब स्वीकार किया है कि तारीख सही नहीं है। उन्होंने इस उदाहरण में आईपीसीसी की भलीभांति स्थापित प्रक्रियाओं के कमजोर प्रयोग के लिए खेद व्यक्त किया है। 2035 की तारीख को आईपीसीसी द्वारा डब्ल्यूडब्ल्यूएफ़ की रिपोर्ट से सही उद्धृत किया है जो उसके अपने स्रोत, एक आईसीएसआई रिपोर्ट वैश्विक और क्षेत्रीय मापनी पर अतीत और वर्तमान में हुआ हिमपात और बर्फ का परिवर्तन गलत उद्धृत किया है।"
} | {
"en": "What did the IPCC say was mistaken?",
"hi": "आईपीसीसी ने कहा था क्या गलती हुई?"
} | {
"en": [
"the date"
],
"hi": [
"तारीख"
]
} | {
"en": [
109,
109,
109
],
"hi": [
163
]
} | [
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"Global warming hiatus",
"Renewable energy debate",
"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Iran–United States relations",
"History of Guatemala",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Xi Jinping",
"Jeremy Corbyn",
"Fossil fuel phase-out",
"Biodiversity loss",
"Political positions of Ron Paul",
"Premiership of Jason Kenney",
"Carbon offsets and credits",
"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign",
"2000s",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Climate change feedback",
"American Enterprise Institute",
"Women in Islam",
"2014 Scottish independence referendum",
"2018–2023 United Kingdom higher education strikes",
"Climate change in the Arctic",
"Economy of China",
"Anti-nuclear movement",
"Clean Development Mechanism",
"United States labor law",
"Fox News",
"Sustainable fashion",
"Tipping points in the climate system",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"Global governance",
"Socialism",
"International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"Ethanol fuel in Brazil",
"Health effects of electronic cigarettes",
"Degrowth",
"Japanese reaction to Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster",
"Methane emissions",
"Renewable energy",
"Moldova",
"Homelessness",
"Sustainable finance",
"Particulates",
"20th century in science",
"Criticism of Facebook",
"Global Climate Coalition",
"Deforestation",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"Environmental policy of the United States",
"WikiLeaks",
"Low-carbon economy",
"Reception of WikiLeaks",
"Uyghur genocide",
"Criminal procedure in South Africa",
"Education in China",
"Atlantic meridional overturning circulation",
"World Health Organization",
"Green building",
"Organic farming",
"United States Agency for International Development",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Special Relationship",
"Low-carbon fuel standard",
"Biomass (energy)",
"Portugal",
"Abbott government",
"Tartan",
"Value-form",
"Planetary boundaries",
"Carbon sequestration",
"Sustainable Development Goals",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Literacy",
"Howard government",
"Woody plant encroachment",
"YouTube",
"Black carbon",
"Volkswagen emissions scandal",
"Carbon emission trading",
"Climate change in Nigeria",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"History of the United States government",
"National broadband plan",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"History of France",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Climate justice",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Twitter",
"Neoliberalism",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World Economic Forum",
"Cold War",
"Health effects of Bisphenol A",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Climate change in Vietnam",
"2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"English land law",
"Contract",
"Police brutality by country",
"Civil rights movement",
"Energy conservation",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"European Union Emissions Trading System",
"Climate migration",
"Ralph Northam",
"Disinformation attack",
"Inflation Reduction Act",
"Food loss and waste",
"Government incentives for plug-in electric vehicles",
"ExxonMobil climate change denial",
"Psychology",
"Vaccine hesitancy",
"Joe Biden",
"New Deal",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Lobbying in the United States",
"History of socialism",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"1996 California Proposition 218",
"Educational technology",
"Western African Ebola virus epidemic",
"Energiewende",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"Israel–United States relations",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Latin America",
"Racism in the United States",
"Mueller report",
"Trans-Pacific Partnership",
"United Nations Climate Change conference",
"Globalization",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Air pollution",
"Climate change in China",
"Pollution in California",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Domestic violence",
"History of Austria",
"Fred Singer",
"Greenhouse gas inventory",
"Climate variability and change",
"Hillary Clinton",
"Environmental impacts of animal agriculture",
"United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Climate change in Tuvalu",
"Climate change in Greece",
"Global dimming",
"Electricity policy of Ontario",
"Peak oil",
"Sex trafficking",
"African humid period",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Permafrost",
"History of Detroit",
"Effects of climate change on human health",
"Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud",
"Robert McNamara",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"2019–20 Australian bushfire season",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"History of the United States",
"South African criminal law",
"Sexual harassment",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"Plastic pollution",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"E-democracy",
"H. H. Asquith",
"2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"Tuvalu",
"Climate change and Indigenous peoples",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Greece",
"Lithuania",
"Keystone Pipeline",
"Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union",
"Iraq War",
"Political positions of Lisa Murkowski",
"Second Vatican Council",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Sustainability",
"Economic policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Climate change in Indonesia",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
"Puerto Rico",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Human rights in China",
"New Mexico",
"Trumpism",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Pandemic prevention",
"History of Western civilization",
"Energy policy of the United Kingdom",
"Framing (social sciences)",
"Energy development",
"Richard Blumenthal",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement",
"Kevin Rudd",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Conscience",
"Climate change scenario",
"History of the Internet",
"Economic growth",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"California Environmental Quality Act",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Israel",
"Political positions of Kamala Harris",
"Climate change in South Korea",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"Foreign internal defense",
"Carbon capture and storage",
"Climate change in Brazil",
"Citizen science",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Climate finance",
"Computer security",
"Corporate social responsibility",
"John von Neumann",
"The Co-operative Group",
"Pope Pius XII",
"China–Pakistan Economic Corridor",
"Hillsborough disaster",
"Amnesty International",
"Oil sands",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Environmental effects of aviation",
"Poverty",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
"List of modern great powers",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"Malnutrition",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Energy transition",
"American frontier",
"Myanmar",
"World Jewish Congress",
"Hamas",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Open access",
"Abuse in gymnastics",
"Little Ice Age",
"Italy",
"Views on the Kyoto Protocol",
"Human rights in the United Kingdom",
"Trump administration political interference with science agencies",
"England",
"Adolescence",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Historikerstreit",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States",
"Electronic waste",
"Soviet Union",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"Economy of the United States",
"Fidel Castro",
"Zero-energy building",
"2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"Tesla Autopilot",
"Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory",
"Incarceration in the United States",
"Human rights in Israel",
"France",
"Views on the nuclear program of Iran",
"Arguments for and against drug prohibition",
"Light in painting",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"COVID-19 pandemic",
"Environmental issues in Alberta",
"Scientology",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Climate change in India",
"Fish for finance",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Famine",
"History of science and technology in the People's Republic of China",
"Sustainable agriculture",
"Water security",
"Pope Francis",
"Whaling in Japan",
"Mitt Romney",
"Vilnius",
"Enoch Powell",
"Pakistan",
"Vietnam War",
"Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)",
"Education in India",
"Social Security (United States)",
"International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War",
"Morrison government",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Politics of Georgia (country)",
"Human rights in the United States",
"Islamic banking and finance",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Metascience",
"Defamation",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"China",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"Apartheid",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Special Report on Emissions Scenarios",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Climate governance",
"United Nations Human Rights Council",
"Subprime mortgage crisis solutions debate",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Air pollution in the United States",
"Fukushima nuclear accident",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
"Affordable housing in Canada",
"12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam",
"History of Missouri",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"Unification Church",
"British government response to the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Earth Day",
"Climate change in Japan",
"Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Greenland ice sheet",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty",
"Nuclear proliferation",
"South African contract law",
"Ethiopia",
"Partygate",
"Sport psychology",
"Common Agricultural Policy",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Albania",
"Creativity",
"Foreign relations of China",
"Bondelswarts Rebellion",
"Timeline of carbon capture and storage",
"Nuclear safety and security",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Global catastrophe scenarios",
"Women and the environment",
"Economy of India",
"John F. Kennedy",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Bill Clinton",
"Biodiversity",
"Human rights and climate change",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Wegman Report",
"Freedom of religion in Europe by country",
"Climate change in Antarctica",
"Bernie Sanders",
"Stephen Harper",
"Reconstruction era",
"Ethics of technology",
"COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria",
"History of Poland",
"Gulf War",
"International Space Station",
"Archibald Cox",
"IPCC Summary for Policymakers",
"HIV/AIDS in Russia",
"Consumer behaviour",
"Barack Obama",
"Erwin Rommel",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Canada convoy protest",
"Net neutrality",
"Scientific method",
"Intelligence dissemination management",
"Human overpopulation",
"Political positions of John Delaney",
"Domestic policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Italian Americans",
"Apple Inc.",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
"Falun Gong",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Green New Deal",
"Smolensk air disaster",
"United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict",
"Antisemitism in the UK Labour Party",
"Steady-state economy",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Executive compensation in the United States",
"MeToo movement",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Energy policy of Canada",
"Progressive Era",
"Robert Byrd",
"Russia–European Union relations",
"India–United States relations",
"Roe v. Wade",
"List of climate change video games",
"Sweden",
"Ozone depletion and climate change",
"Suez Crisis",
"First Russian Antarctic Expedition",
"Poverty reduction",
"Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo",
"French Resistance",
"Diving safety",
"Climate change in Bangladesh",
"Officers' Association",
"Richard Lindzen",
"Confederate States of America",
"Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"Jimmy Carter",
"Economy of North Korea",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran",
"Jean Chrétien",
"Tim Kaine",
"Climate change in Finland",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Characters of Casualty",
"Environmental impact assessment",
"Edward Snowden",
"BDSM",
"North Korea",
"Climate change in Puerto Rico",
"Charlie Baker",
"European Green Deal",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Blockade of the Gaza Strip",
"Netherlands",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Friedrich Hayek",
"Kashmir conflict",
"John McCain",
"Deepwater Horizon oil spill",
"History of the nude in art",
"Populism",
"Sustainable city",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"2010s global surveillance disclosures",
"Walmart",
"Crisis in Venezuela",
"Social Security debate in the United States",
"Global financial system",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Foreign relations of Taiwan",
"Andreas Hillgruber",
"Generation Z",
"Iceland",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"Women's rights",
"Peacekeeping",
"Race and health in the United States",
"Corporate average fuel economy",
"League of Nations",
"Human nutrition",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
"First 100 days of Imran Khan's prime ministership",
"Sociology",
"Women in music",
"Nuclear power in the United Kingdom",
"Hillary Clinton email controversy",
"Cultured meat",
"Healthcare in the United States",
"Meat",
"Brian Mulroney",
"Zimbabwe",
"9/11 conspiracy theories",
"Reproductive justice",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Pope John Paul II",
"Open scientific data",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Environmental activism of Al Gore",
"Medicare (United States)",
"History of autism",
"Climate risk",
"Employment discrimination",
"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"European Parliament",
"Coral bleaching",
"Anti-environmentalism",
"Jim Inhofe",
"Violence against women",
"International Criminal Court",
"Genetically modified food in Oceania",
"Biodiesel",
"Conservative Party (UK)",
"Permian–Triassic extinction event",
"European Investment Bank",
"Harold Wilson",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Pacific right whale",
"History of science",
"Somalia",
"Vladimir Tismăneanu",
"Fox News controversies",
"Projects of the Caribbean Community",
"Internet",
"Cold War (1953–1962)",
"Recycling",
"Political positions of Amy Klobuchar",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
"Working definition of antisemitism",
"Ken Livingstone",
"44th Medical Brigade",
"New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme",
"War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Baby boomers",
"Islamic terrorism",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion",
"Environmental racism in the United States",
"Education",
"Replication crisis",
"Gab (social network)",
"Fossil fuel divestment",
"Glyphosate",
"Phonics",
"2013–2014 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet",
"Thin-film solar cell",
"Plame affair",
"Switzerland",
"Talcott Parsons",
"Nancy Pelosi",
"Ecology",
"Rationale for the Iraq War",
"World War II by country",
"Waste management in Australia",
"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
"Imperial examination",
"2019–2020 Hong Kong protests",
"Water supply and sanitation in the United States",
"Robert F. Kennedy Jr.",
"Homelessness in the United States by state",
"Constitution of the United Kingdom",
"Environmental justice",
"Social enterprise",
"National Security Agency",
"Maximilien Robespierre",
"United Kingdom",
"Attachment theory",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Privacy concerns with social networking services",
"History of social democracy",
"Telehealth",
"Anarchism in Brazil",
"History of the race and intelligence controversy",
"World Bank",
"Democratic peace theory",
"Loot box",
"Srebrenica massacre",
"Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization",
"Life-cycle assessment",
"Greek government-debt crisis",
"Miscegenation",
"Emission intensity",
"Franciscus Patricius",
"Convention People's Party",
"List of My Hero Academia characters",
"2009 Afghan presidential election",
"Climate change in the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Wikipedia",
"Joe Romm",
"Global cooling",
"Kazakhstan",
"Smart grid",
"Cryptocurrency",
"Cannabis in Italy",
"Water in California",
"Artificial intelligence",
"Jury",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Conservation biology",
"Gaza flotilla raid",
"Nothing Records",
"2023 New Zealand general election",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
"Weather of 2010",
"United Kingdom insolvency law",
"Oddworld Inhabitants",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj",
"Tanzania",
"Macedonia naming dispute",
"Japan–United States relations",
"Yom Kippur War",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Sierra Leone",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Political positions of Newt Gingrich",
"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"Media bias in the United States",
"Hubble Space Telescope",
"William Barr",
"Ozone",
"Economics",
"Algorithmic bias",
"Texas",
"Democracy",
"Clean Air Act (United States)",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"Korean War",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Iran",
"Kenya",
"Nuclear activities in Brazil",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Regulation of artificial intelligence",
"Israel and apartheid",
"Food and Agriculture Organization",
"One-child policy",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Criticism of Google",
"Dave Lowe (atmospheric scientist)",
"Cambodia",
"McKinsey & Company",
"History of the United States Space Force",
"Veganism",
"South Korea",
"Laudato si'",
"Boeing 737 MAX certification",
"Athabasca oil sands",
"Orphan wells in Alberta, Canada",
"Fourth National Climate Assessment",
"Foreign policy of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential election",
"Food security",
"News",
"Women's rights in Saudi Arabia",
"Arnold Schwarzenegger",
"Sandinista National Liberation Front",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"West Germany",
"George Pell",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"University of Pennsylvania",
"International relations since 1989",
"Climate movement",
"Acorn Archimedes",
"Internet of things",
"Climate change in Sweden",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of the Philippines",
"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
"Sri Lankan Civil War",
"Cold fusion",
"Tucker Carlson",
"International Energy Agency",
"14th Dalai Lama",
"History of radar",
"Sharia",
"Nuclear power phase-out",
"Climate change in France",
"First Amendment to the United States Constitution",
"Tim Naish",
"Science and technology in China",
"Economy of Morocco",
"German Renewable Energy Sources Act",
"Tony Blair",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Joseph Lister",
"On the Origin of Species",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"English trust law",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Economic history of France",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Net neutrality in the United States",
"History of Israel",
"Food vs. fuel",
"Russia–United States relations",
"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
"War on drugs",
"Imperial Roman army",
"Occupational safety and health",
"David Cameron",
"Organized crime",
"Climate change in the Middle East and North Africa",
"RT (TV network)",
"Citizens United v. FEC",
"Malaysia Airlines Flight 370",
"BBC controversies",
"Niger Delta mangroves",
"SAT",
"Syrian civil war",
"Educational inequality",
"Alberto Gonzales",
"Mao Zedong",
"Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration",
"Wetland",
"Feminist economics",
"Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)",
"Taiwan",
"E-government",
"Microfinance",
"Greenhouse gas",
"Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency",
"Gillard government",
"Water on Mars",
"Belt and Road Initiative",
"Economy of Egypt",
"Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration",
"Patriot Act",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
"Smile (The Beach Boys album)",
"Concentrated animal feeding operation",
"Marriage",
"Evolutionary psychology",
"CARICOM Single Market and Economy",
"Michael Bloomberg",
"Censorship in the United States",
"American imperialism",
"Education reform",
"Global warming potential",
"Freedom of speech by country",
"Carbon budget",
"List of The Shield characters",
"Religious symbolism in the United States military",
"Rejection of evolution by religious groups",
"Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"Mitch Daniels",
"Nelson Mandela",
"Ireland",
"Lancet surveys of Iraq War casualties",
"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"History of Nigeria",
"Nigeria",
"Camden, New Jersey",
"Migrant worker",
"Internet privacy",
"Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate",
"Program evaluation",
"Massachusetts",
"Desmond Tutu",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"Presidency of George W. Bush",
"Norway",
"Health care systems by country",
"2014 Gaza War",
"Risk assessment",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
"History of education in New Zealand",
"Michele Bachmann",
"Bashar al-Assad",
"Disaster risk reduction",
"Richard Nixon",
"Environmental issues in China",
"Deficit reduction in the United States",
"Angela Merkel",
"List of films considered the worst",
"Science",
"Michael Oppenheimer",
"Ted Kennedy",
"David Lloyd George",
"Anti-Comintern Pact",
"First Russian circumnavigation",
"Theresa May",
"Marine policy of the Barack Obama administration",
"Denmark",
"Addiction",
"Indigenous Australians",
"Second presidency of Lula da Silva",
"Green Revolution",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Eastern Bloc",
"COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia",
"South Africa",
"Business ethics",
"Transgender rights in the United States",
"Shale gas in the United Kingdom",
"Killing of Osama bin Laden",
"ITER",
"Dreyfus affair",
"Big Five personality traits",
"John Baird (Canadian politician)",
"International law",
"Infant mortality",
"Climate change in Italy",
"Brexit and arrangements for science and technology",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"3D printing",
"Verner W. Clapp",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"Greenhouse gas emissions by China",
"Submarine communications cable",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of education in the United States",
"Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War",
"History of United States prison systems",
"Compulsory sterilization",
"Burkina Faso",
"Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration"
] |
572940973f37b319004781a6 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "This projection was not included in the final summary for policymakers. The IPCC has since acknowledged that the date is incorrect, while reaffirming that the conclusion in the final summary was robust. They expressed regret for \"the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures in this instance\". The date of 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC from the WWF report, which has misquoted its own source, an ICSI report \"Variations of Snow and Ice in the past and at present on a Global and Regional Scale\".",
"hi": "यह पूर्वानुमान नीतिनिर्माताओं के लिए अंतिम सारांश में शामिल नहीं था। आईपीसीसी ने, इसकी पुष्टि करते हुए कि अंतिम सारांश में निष्कर्ष ठोस हैं, तब स्वीकार किया है कि तारीख सही नहीं है। उन्होंने इस उदाहरण में आईपीसीसी की भलीभांति स्थापित प्रक्रियाओं के कमजोर प्रयोग के लिए खेद व्यक्त किया है। 2035 की तारीख को आईपीसीसी द्वारा डब्ल्यूडब्ल्यूएफ़ की रिपोर्ट से सही उद्धृत किया है जो उसके अपने स्रोत, एक आईसीएसआई रिपोर्ट वैश्विक और क्षेत्रीय मापनी पर अतीत और वर्तमान में हुआ हिमपात और बर्फ का परिवर्तन गलत उद्धृत किया है।"
} | {
"en": "What did the IPCC apologize for?",
"hi": "आईपीसीसी ने किसके लिए क्षमायाचना की?"
} | {
"en": [
"\"the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures in this instance\""
],
"hi": [
"इस उदाहरण में आईपीसीसी की भलीभांति स्थापित प्रक्रियाओं के कमजोर प्रयोग"
]
} | {
"en": [
229,
230,
234
],
"hi": [
191
]
} | [
"History and Society.Education",
"History and Society.Society",
"STEM.Earth and environment",
"STEM.STEM*"
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"Zhou Enlai",
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"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
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"12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam",
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"Creativity",
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"History of Poland",
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"Anti-environmentalism",
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572940973f37b319004781a7 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "This projection was not included in the final summary for policymakers. The IPCC has since acknowledged that the date is incorrect, while reaffirming that the conclusion in the final summary was robust. They expressed regret for \"the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures in this instance\". The date of 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC from the WWF report, which has misquoted its own source, an ICSI report \"Variations of Snow and Ice in the past and at present on a Global and Regional Scale\".",
"hi": "यह पूर्वानुमान नीतिनिर्माताओं के लिए अंतिम सारांश में शामिल नहीं था। आईपीसीसी ने, इसकी पुष्टि करते हुए कि अंतिम सारांश में निष्कर्ष ठोस हैं, तब स्वीकार किया है कि तारीख सही नहीं है। उन्होंने इस उदाहरण में आईपीसीसी की भलीभांति स्थापित प्रक्रियाओं के कमजोर प्रयोग के लिए खेद व्यक्त किया है। 2035 की तारीख को आईपीसीसी द्वारा डब्ल्यूडब्ल्यूएफ़ की रिपोर्ट से सही उद्धृत किया है जो उसके अपने स्रोत, एक आईसीएसआई रिपोर्ट वैश्विक और क्षेत्रीय मापनी पर अतीत और वर्तमान में हुआ हिमपात और बर्फ का परिवर्तन गलत उद्धृत किया है।"
} | {
"en": "What was the source of the mistake?",
"hi": "गलती का स्रोत क्या था?"
} | {
"en": [
"the WWF report"
],
"hi": [
"डब्ल्यूडब्ल्यूएफ़ की रिपोर्ट"
]
} | {
"en": [
366,
352,
366
],
"hi": [
322
]
} | [
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572940973f37b319004781a8 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "This projection was not included in the final summary for policymakers. The IPCC has since acknowledged that the date is incorrect, while reaffirming that the conclusion in the final summary was robust. They expressed regret for \"the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures in this instance\". The date of 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC from the WWF report, which has misquoted its own source, an ICSI report \"Variations of Snow and Ice in the past and at present on a Global and Regional Scale\".",
"hi": "यह पूर्वानुमान नीतिनिर्माताओं के लिए अंतिम सारांश में शामिल नहीं था। आईपीसीसी ने, इसकी पुष्टि करते हुए कि अंतिम सारांश में निष्कर्ष ठोस हैं, तब स्वीकार किया है कि तारीख सही नहीं है। उन्होंने इस उदाहरण में आईपीसीसी की भलीभांति स्थापित प्रक्रियाओं के कमजोर प्रयोग के लिए खेद व्यक्त किया है। 2035 की तारीख को आईपीसीसी द्वारा डब्ल्यूडब्ल्यूएफ़ की रिपोर्ट से सही उद्धृत किया है जो उसके अपने स्रोत, एक आईसीएसआई रिपोर्ट वैश्विक और क्षेत्रीय मापनी पर अतीत और वर्तमान में हुआ हिमपात और बर्फ का परिवर्तन गलत उद्धृत किया है।"
} | {
"en": "What report had the correct date?",
"hi": "किस रिपोर्ट में सही तारीख थी?"
} | {
"en": [
"\"Variations of Snow and Ice in the past and at present on a Global and Regional Scale\""
],
"hi": [
"वैश्विक और क्षेत्रीय मापनी पर अतीत और वर्तमान में हुआ हिमपात और बर्फ का परिवर्तन"
]
} | {
"en": [
433,
352,
366
],
"hi": [
413
]
} | [
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"Climate change scenario",
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"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
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] |
57294209af94a219006aa201 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The third assessment report (TAR) prominently featured a graph labeled \"Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction\" based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the \"hockey stick graph\". This graph extended the similar graph in Figure 3.20 from the IPCC Second Assessment Report of 1995, and differed from a schematic in the first assessment report that lacked temperature units, but appeared to depict larger global temperature variations over the past 1000 years, and higher temperatures during the Medieval Warm Period than the mid 20th century. The schematic was not an actual plot of data, and was based on a diagram of temperatures in central England, with temperatures increased on the basis of documentary evidence of Medieval vineyards in England. Even with this increase, the maximum it showed for the Medieval Warm Period did not reach temperatures recorded in central England in 2007. The MBH99 finding was supported by cited reconstructions by Jones et al. 1998, Pollack, Huang & Shen 1998, Crowley & Lowery 2000 and Briffa 2000, using differing data and methods. The Jones et al. and Briffa reconstructions were overlaid with the MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2.21 of the IPCC report.",
"hi": "तीसरी मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट (टीएआर), प्रमुखतः एक अंकित ग्राफ ‘सहस्रशताब्दी उत्तरी गोलार्ध तापमान निर्माण’से चित्रित जो 1999 माइकल ई. मन, रेमंड एस., ब्रेडले और मालकम के. ह्यूज द्वारा एक पेपर पर आधारित थी (एमबीएच99), जो हॉकी स्टिक ग्राफ के रूप में संदर्भित है। इस ग्राफ ने 1995 की आईपीसीसी की दूसरी मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट में चित्र 3.20 में वैसे ही ग्राफ को विस्तृत किया और वह प्रथम मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट में एक आरेख से भिन्न था जिसमें तापमान इकाई की कमी थी, लेकिन पिछले 1000 वर्षों से वृहद वैश्विक तापमान परिवर्तन और बीसवीं के मध्य की अपेक्षा मध्य युगीन गर्म काल के दौरान उच्चतर तापमान को चित्रित करता दिखाई दिया। एमबीएच99 के परिणाम जोन्स एट अल 1998, पोलाक, हुआंग एवं शेन 1998, क्रोएली एवं लौरी 2000, और ब्रिफ़्फ़ा 2000 द्वारा विभिन्न आंकड़ों और विधियों का प्रयोग करके उद्धृत पुनर्निर्माणों द्वारा समर्थित थे। आरेख आंकड़ों का वास्तविक प्लाट नहीं था, और इंग्लैंड के मध्य युगीन अंगूरों के बागों के अभिलेखीय प्रमाण के आधार पर तापमान वृद्धि के साथ मध्य इंगलैंड में तापमानों के रेखाचित्र पर आधारित था।"
} | {
"en": "When was the paper published that the \"Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction\" graph was based on?",
"hi": "इस वृद्धि के बावजूद, इसके द्वारा प्रदर्शित मध्य युगीन गर्म काल 2007 मे मध्य इंग्लैंड में दर्ज तापमानों तक न पहुँचा। जोन्स एट अल व अन्य और ब्रिफ़्फ़ा के पुनर्निर्माण आईपीसीसी रिपोर्ट के चित्र 2.21 में एमबीएच99 के वह पेपर कब प्रकाशित हुआ जिस पर ‘सहस्रशताब्दी उत्तरी गोलार्ध तापमान पुनर्निर्माण’ ग्राफ आधारित था?"
} | {
"en": [
"1999"
],
"hi": [
"1999"
]
} | {
"en": [
142,
142,
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"hi": [
115
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57294209af94a219006aa202 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The third assessment report (TAR) prominently featured a graph labeled \"Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction\" based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the \"hockey stick graph\". This graph extended the similar graph in Figure 3.20 from the IPCC Second Assessment Report of 1995, and differed from a schematic in the first assessment report that lacked temperature units, but appeared to depict larger global temperature variations over the past 1000 years, and higher temperatures during the Medieval Warm Period than the mid 20th century. The schematic was not an actual plot of data, and was based on a diagram of temperatures in central England, with temperatures increased on the basis of documentary evidence of Medieval vineyards in England. Even with this increase, the maximum it showed for the Medieval Warm Period did not reach temperatures recorded in central England in 2007. The MBH99 finding was supported by cited reconstructions by Jones et al. 1998, Pollack, Huang & Shen 1998, Crowley & Lowery 2000 and Briffa 2000, using differing data and methods. The Jones et al. and Briffa reconstructions were overlaid with the MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2.21 of the IPCC report.",
"hi": "तीसरी मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट (टीएआर), प्रमुखतः एक अंकित ग्राफ ‘सहस्रशताब्दी उत्तरी गोलार्ध तापमान निर्माण’से चित्रित जो 1999 माइकल ई. मन, रेमंड एस., ब्रेडले और मालकम के. ह्यूज द्वारा एक पेपर पर आधारित थी (एमबीएच99), जो हॉकी स्टिक ग्राफ के रूप में संदर्भित है। इस ग्राफ ने 1995 की आईपीसीसी की दूसरी मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट में चित्र 3.20 में वैसे ही ग्राफ को विस्तृत किया और वह प्रथम मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट में एक आरेख से भिन्न था जिसमें तापमान इकाई की कमी थी, लेकिन पिछले 1000 वर्षों से वृहद वैश्विक तापमान परिवर्तन और बीसवीं के मध्य की अपेक्षा मध्य युगीन गर्म काल के दौरान उच्चतर तापमान को चित्रित करता दिखाई दिया। एमबीएच99 के परिणाम जोन्स एट अल 1998, पोलाक, हुआंग एवं शेन 1998, क्रोएली एवं लौरी 2000, और ब्रिफ़्फ़ा 2000 द्वारा विभिन्न आंकड़ों और विधियों का प्रयोग करके उद्धृत पुनर्निर्माणों द्वारा समर्थित थे। आरेख आंकड़ों का वास्तविक प्लाट नहीं था, और इंग्लैंड के मध्य युगीन अंगूरों के बागों के अभिलेखीय प्रमाण के आधार पर तापमान वृद्धि के साथ मध्य इंगलैंड में तापमानों के रेखाचित्र पर आधारित था।"
} | {
"en": "Who wrote the paper that the \"Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction\" graph was based on?",
"hi": "वह पेपर किसने लिखा जिस पर ‘सहस्रशताब्दी उत्तरी गोलार्ध तापमान पुनर्निर्माण’ ग्राफ आधारित था?"
} | {
"en": [
"Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes"
],
"hi": [
"माइकल ई. मन, रेमंड एस., ब्रेडले और मालकम के. ह्यूज"
]
} | {
"en": [
156,
156,
156
],
"hi": [
120
]
} | [
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"Carbon offsets and credits",
"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign",
"2000s",
"Michael Heseltine",
"Climate change feedback",
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"2018–2023 United Kingdom higher education strikes",
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"Global Climate Coalition",
"Deforestation",
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"Criminal procedure in South Africa",
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"Atlantic meridional overturning circulation",
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"Biomass (energy)",
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"Abbott government",
"Tartan",
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"Carbon sequestration",
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"Literacy",
"Howard government",
"Woody plant encroachment",
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"Black carbon",
"Volkswagen emissions scandal",
"Carbon emission trading",
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"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"History of the United States government",
"National broadband plan",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"History of France",
"Blueberry (comics)",
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"Twitter",
"Neoliberalism",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
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"Health effects of Bisphenol A",
"Iran–Iraq War",
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"2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
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"Contract",
"Police brutality by country",
"Civil rights movement",
"Energy conservation",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"European Union Emissions Trading System",
"Climate migration",
"Ralph Northam",
"Disinformation attack",
"Inflation Reduction Act",
"Food loss and waste",
"Government incentives for plug-in electric vehicles",
"ExxonMobil climate change denial",
"Psychology",
"Vaccine hesitancy",
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"New Deal",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
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"1996 California Proposition 218",
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"Energiewende",
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"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
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"Leon Trotsky",
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"Racism in the United States",
"Mueller report",
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"United Nations Climate Change conference",
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"History of United States foreign policy",
"Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Air pollution",
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"Pollution in California",
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"Domestic violence",
"History of Austria",
"Fred Singer",
"Greenhouse gas inventory",
"Climate variability and change",
"Hillary Clinton",
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"Climate change in Greece",
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"Sex trafficking",
"African humid period",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Permafrost",
"History of Detroit",
"Effects of climate change on human health",
"Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud",
"Robert McNamara",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"2019–20 Australian bushfire season",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"History of the United States",
"South African criminal law",
"Sexual harassment",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"Plastic pollution",
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"E-democracy",
"H. H. Asquith",
"2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"Tuvalu",
"Climate change and Indigenous peoples",
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"Greece",
"Lithuania",
"Keystone Pipeline",
"Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union",
"Iraq War",
"Political positions of Lisa Murkowski",
"Second Vatican Council",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Sustainability",
"Economic policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Climate change in Indonesia",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
"Puerto Rico",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Human rights in China",
"New Mexico",
"Trumpism",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Pandemic prevention",
"History of Western civilization",
"Energy policy of the United Kingdom",
"Framing (social sciences)",
"Energy development",
"Richard Blumenthal",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement",
"Kevin Rudd",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Conscience",
"Climate change scenario",
"History of the Internet",
"Economic growth",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"California Environmental Quality Act",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Israel",
"Political positions of Kamala Harris",
"Climate change in South Korea",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"Foreign internal defense",
"Carbon capture and storage",
"Climate change in Brazil",
"Citizen science",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Climate finance",
"Computer security",
"Corporate social responsibility",
"John von Neumann",
"The Co-operative Group",
"Pope Pius XII",
"China–Pakistan Economic Corridor",
"Hillsborough disaster",
"Amnesty International",
"Oil sands",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Environmental effects of aviation",
"Poverty",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
"List of modern great powers",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"Malnutrition",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Energy transition",
"American frontier",
"Myanmar",
"World Jewish Congress",
"Hamas",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Open access",
"Abuse in gymnastics",
"Little Ice Age",
"Italy",
"Views on the Kyoto Protocol",
"Human rights in the United Kingdom",
"Trump administration political interference with science agencies",
"England",
"Adolescence",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Historikerstreit",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States",
"Electronic waste",
"Soviet Union",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"Economy of the United States",
"Fidel Castro",
"Zero-energy building",
"2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
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"Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory",
"Incarceration in the United States",
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"France",
"Views on the nuclear program of Iran",
"Arguments for and against drug prohibition",
"Light in painting",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"COVID-19 pandemic",
"Environmental issues in Alberta",
"Scientology",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Climate change in India",
"Fish for finance",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Famine",
"History of science and technology in the People's Republic of China",
"Sustainable agriculture",
"Water security",
"Pope Francis",
"Whaling in Japan",
"Mitt Romney",
"Vilnius",
"Enoch Powell",
"Pakistan",
"Vietnam War",
"Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)",
"Education in India",
"Social Security (United States)",
"International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War",
"Morrison government",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Politics of Georgia (country)",
"Human rights in the United States",
"Islamic banking and finance",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Metascience",
"Defamation",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"China",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"Apartheid",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Special Report on Emissions Scenarios",
"The Dresden Files characters",
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"United Nations Human Rights Council",
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"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
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"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
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"12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam",
"History of Missouri",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"Unification Church",
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"Earth Day",
"Climate change in Japan",
"Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Greenland ice sheet",
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"Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty",
"Nuclear proliferation",
"South African contract law",
"Ethiopia",
"Partygate",
"Sport psychology",
"Common Agricultural Policy",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
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"Creativity",
"Foreign relations of China",
"Bondelswarts Rebellion",
"Timeline of carbon capture and storage",
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"History of Poles in the United States",
"Global catastrophe scenarios",
"Women and the environment",
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"John F. Kennedy",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Bill Clinton",
"Biodiversity",
"Human rights and climate change",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Wegman Report",
"Freedom of religion in Europe by country",
"Climate change in Antarctica",
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"Stephen Harper",
"Reconstruction era",
"Ethics of technology",
"COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria",
"History of Poland",
"Gulf War",
"International Space Station",
"Archibald Cox",
"IPCC Summary for Policymakers",
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"Consumer behaviour",
"Barack Obama",
"Erwin Rommel",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Canada convoy protest",
"Net neutrality",
"Scientific method",
"Intelligence dissemination management",
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"Political positions of John Delaney",
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"Italian Americans",
"Apple Inc.",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
"Falun Gong",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Green New Deal",
"Smolensk air disaster",
"United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict",
"Antisemitism in the UK Labour Party",
"Steady-state economy",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Age of Enlightenment",
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"MeToo movement",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Energy policy of Canada",
"Progressive Era",
"Robert Byrd",
"Russia–European Union relations",
"India–United States relations",
"Roe v. Wade",
"List of climate change video games",
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"Ozone depletion and climate change",
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"First Russian Antarctic Expedition",
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"Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo",
"French Resistance",
"Diving safety",
"Climate change in Bangladesh",
"Officers' Association",
"Richard Lindzen",
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"Jimmy Carter",
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"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
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"Characters of Casualty",
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"Charlie Baker",
"European Green Deal",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Blockade of the Gaza Strip",
"Netherlands",
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"John McCain",
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"History of the nude in art",
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"Andreas Hillgruber",
"Generation Z",
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"Douglas MacArthur",
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"9/11 conspiracy theories",
"Reproductive justice",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Pope John Paul II",
"Open scientific data",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Environmental activism of Al Gore",
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"History of autism",
"Climate risk",
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"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"European Parliament",
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"Anti-environmentalism",
"Jim Inhofe",
"Violence against women",
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"Biodiesel",
"Conservative Party (UK)",
"Permian–Triassic extinction event",
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"Harold Wilson",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Pacific right whale",
"History of science",
"Somalia",
"Vladimir Tismăneanu",
"Fox News controversies",
"Projects of the Caribbean Community",
"Internet",
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"Working definition of antisemitism",
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"44th Medical Brigade",
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"Replication crisis",
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"2019–2020 Hong Kong protests",
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"Maximilien Robespierre",
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"History of the race and intelligence controversy",
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"Srebrenica massacre",
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"Life-cycle assessment",
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"Emission intensity",
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"List of My Hero Academia characters",
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"Climate change in the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Wikipedia",
"Joe Romm",
"Global cooling",
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"Smart grid",
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"Jury",
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"Nothing Records",
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"Weather of 2010",
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"Oddworld Inhabitants",
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"Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj",
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"Macedonia naming dispute",
"Japan–United States relations",
"Yom Kippur War",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
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"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Political positions of Newt Gingrich",
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"Economics",
"Algorithmic bias",
"Texas",
"Democracy",
"Clean Air Act (United States)",
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"Illegal immigration to the United States",
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"Kenya",
"Nuclear activities in Brazil",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Regulation of artificial intelligence",
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"Food and Agriculture Organization",
"One-child policy",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Criticism of Google",
"Dave Lowe (atmospheric scientist)",
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"McKinsey & Company",
"History of the United States Space Force",
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"Laudato si'",
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"Fourth National Climate Assessment",
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"Acorn Archimedes",
"Internet of things",
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"History of radar",
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"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
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"On the Origin of Species",
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"War on drugs",
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"Evolutionary psychology",
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"American imperialism",
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"Global warming potential",
"Freedom of speech by country",
"Carbon budget",
"List of The Shield characters",
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"Rejection of evolution by religious groups",
"Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis",
"United States involvement in regime change",
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"Ireland",
"Lancet surveys of Iraq War casualties",
"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"History of Nigeria",
"Nigeria",
"Camden, New Jersey",
"Migrant worker",
"Internet privacy",
"Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate",
"Program evaluation",
"Massachusetts",
"Desmond Tutu",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"Presidency of George W. Bush",
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"Health care systems by country",
"2014 Gaza War",
"Risk assessment",
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"History of education in New Zealand",
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"Bashar al-Assad",
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"Second presidency of Lula da Silva",
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] |
57294209af94a219006aa203 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The third assessment report (TAR) prominently featured a graph labeled \"Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction\" based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the \"hockey stick graph\". This graph extended the similar graph in Figure 3.20 from the IPCC Second Assessment Report of 1995, and differed from a schematic in the first assessment report that lacked temperature units, but appeared to depict larger global temperature variations over the past 1000 years, and higher temperatures during the Medieval Warm Period than the mid 20th century. The schematic was not an actual plot of data, and was based on a diagram of temperatures in central England, with temperatures increased on the basis of documentary evidence of Medieval vineyards in England. Even with this increase, the maximum it showed for the Medieval Warm Period did not reach temperatures recorded in central England in 2007. The MBH99 finding was supported by cited reconstructions by Jones et al. 1998, Pollack, Huang & Shen 1998, Crowley & Lowery 2000 and Briffa 2000, using differing data and methods. The Jones et al. and Briffa reconstructions were overlaid with the MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2.21 of the IPCC report.",
"hi": "तीसरी मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट (टीएआर), प्रमुखतः एक अंकित ग्राफ ‘सहस्रशताब्दी उत्तरी गोलार्ध तापमान निर्माण’से चित्रित जो 1999 माइकल ई. मन, रेमंड एस., ब्रेडले और मालकम के. ह्यूज द्वारा एक पेपर पर आधारित थी (एमबीएच99), जो हॉकी स्टिक ग्राफ के रूप में संदर्भित है। इस ग्राफ ने 1995 की आईपीसीसी की दूसरी मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट में चित्र 3.20 में वैसे ही ग्राफ को विस्तृत किया और वह प्रथम मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट में एक आरेख से भिन्न था जिसमें तापमान इकाई की कमी थी, लेकिन पिछले 1000 वर्षों से वृहद वैश्विक तापमान परिवर्तन और बीसवीं के मध्य की अपेक्षा मध्य युगीन गर्म काल के दौरान उच्चतर तापमान को चित्रित करता दिखाई दिया। एमबीएच99 के परिणाम जोन्स एट अल 1998, पोलाक, हुआंग एवं शेन 1998, क्रोएली एवं लौरी 2000, और ब्रिफ़्फ़ा 2000 द्वारा विभिन्न आंकड़ों और विधियों का प्रयोग करके उद्धृत पुनर्निर्माणों द्वारा समर्थित थे। आरेख आंकड़ों का वास्तविक प्लाट नहीं था, और इंग्लैंड के मध्य युगीन अंगूरों के बागों के अभिलेखीय प्रमाण के आधार पर तापमान वृद्धि के साथ मध्य इंगलैंड में तापमानों के रेखाचित्र पर आधारित था।"
} | {
"en": "What is the nickname for the \"Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction\" graph?",
"hi": "‘सहस्रशताब्दी उत्तरी गोलार्ध पुनर्निर्माण’ ग्राफ का उपनाम क्या है?"
} | {
"en": [
"the \"hockey stick graph\""
],
"hi": [
"हॉकी स्टिक ग्राफ"
]
} | {
"en": [
253,
258,
258
],
"hi": [
215
]
} | [
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57294209af94a219006aa204 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The third assessment report (TAR) prominently featured a graph labeled \"Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction\" based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the \"hockey stick graph\". This graph extended the similar graph in Figure 3.20 from the IPCC Second Assessment Report of 1995, and differed from a schematic in the first assessment report that lacked temperature units, but appeared to depict larger global temperature variations over the past 1000 years, and higher temperatures during the Medieval Warm Period than the mid 20th century. The schematic was not an actual plot of data, and was based on a diagram of temperatures in central England, with temperatures increased on the basis of documentary evidence of Medieval vineyards in England. Even with this increase, the maximum it showed for the Medieval Warm Period did not reach temperatures recorded in central England in 2007. The MBH99 finding was supported by cited reconstructions by Jones et al. 1998, Pollack, Huang & Shen 1998, Crowley & Lowery 2000 and Briffa 2000, using differing data and methods. The Jones et al. and Briffa reconstructions were overlaid with the MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2.21 of the IPCC report.",
"hi": "तीसरी मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट (टीएआर), प्रमुखतः एक अंकित ग्राफ ‘सहस्रशताब्दी उत्तरी गोलार्ध तापमान निर्माण’से चित्रित जो 1999 माइकल ई. मन, रेमंड एस., ब्रेडले और मालकम के. ह्यूज द्वारा एक पेपर पर आधारित थी (एमबीएच99), जो हॉकी स्टिक ग्राफ के रूप में संदर्भित है। इस ग्राफ ने 1995 की आईपीसीसी की दूसरी मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट में चित्र 3.20 में वैसे ही ग्राफ को विस्तृत किया और वह प्रथम मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट में एक आरेख से भिन्न था जिसमें तापमान इकाई की कमी थी, लेकिन पिछले 1000 वर्षों से वृहद वैश्विक तापमान परिवर्तन और बीसवीं के मध्य की अपेक्षा मध्य युगीन गर्म काल के दौरान उच्चतर तापमान को चित्रित करता दिखाई दिया। एमबीएच99 के परिणाम जोन्स एट अल 1998, पोलाक, हुआंग एवं शेन 1998, क्रोएली एवं लौरी 2000, और ब्रिफ़्फ़ा 2000 द्वारा विभिन्न आंकड़ों और विधियों का प्रयोग करके उद्धृत पुनर्निर्माणों द्वारा समर्थित थे। आरेख आंकड़ों का वास्तविक प्लाट नहीं था, और इंग्लैंड के मध्य युगीन अंगूरों के बागों के अभिलेखीय प्रमाण के आधार पर तापमान वृद्धि के साथ मध्य इंगलैंड में तापमानों के रेखाचित्र पर आधारित था।"
} | {
"en": "What reconstructions supported the 1999 paper's information?",
"hi": "कौन से पुनर्निर्माणों ने 1999 के पेपर की सूचनाओं का समर्थन किया?"
} | {
"en": [
"Jones et al. 1998, Pollack, Huang & Shen 1998, Crowley & Lowery 2000 and Briffa 2000"
],
"hi": [
"जोन्स एट अल 1998, पोलाक, हुआंग एवं शेन 1998, क्रोएली एवं लौरी 2000, और ब्रिफ़्फ़ा 2000"
]
} | {
"en": [
1049,
1173,
755
],
"hi": [
620
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"Methane emissions",
"Renewable energy",
"Moldova",
"Homelessness",
"Sustainable finance",
"Particulates",
"20th century in science",
"Criticism of Facebook",
"Global Climate Coalition",
"Deforestation",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"Cultural impact of Madonna",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"Environmental policy of the United States",
"WikiLeaks",
"Low-carbon economy",
"Reception of WikiLeaks",
"Uyghur genocide",
"Criminal procedure in South Africa",
"Education in China",
"Atlantic meridional overturning circulation",
"World Health Organization",
"Green building",
"Organic farming",
"United States Agency for International Development",
"History of Mexican Americans",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Special Relationship",
"Low-carbon fuel standard",
"Biomass (energy)",
"Portugal",
"Abbott government",
"Tartan",
"Value-form",
"Planetary boundaries",
"Carbon sequestration",
"Sustainable Development Goals",
"2007–2008 financial crisis",
"Literacy",
"Howard government",
"Woody plant encroachment",
"YouTube",
"Black carbon",
"Volkswagen emissions scandal",
"Carbon emission trading",
"Climate change in Nigeria",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"History of the United States government",
"National broadband plan",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"History of France",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Guantanamo Bay detention camp",
"Climate justice",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Twitter",
"Neoliberalism",
"Governorship of Glenn Youngkin",
"World Economic Forum",
"Cold War",
"Health effects of Bisphenol A",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Climate change in Vietnam",
"2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
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"Contract",
"Police brutality by country",
"Civil rights movement",
"Energy conservation",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"European Union Emissions Trading System",
"Climate migration",
"Ralph Northam",
"Disinformation attack",
"Inflation Reduction Act",
"Food loss and waste",
"Government incentives for plug-in electric vehicles",
"ExxonMobil climate change denial",
"Psychology",
"Vaccine hesitancy",
"Joe Biden",
"New Deal",
"Premiership of Boris Johnson",
"Lobbying in the United States",
"History of socialism",
"Ferdinand Marcos",
"1996 California Proposition 218",
"Educational technology",
"Western African Ebola virus epidemic",
"Energiewende",
"United Kingdom–United States relations",
"Israel–United States relations",
"History of Poland (1945–1989)",
"Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte",
"Ion Antonescu",
"Leon Trotsky",
"Latin America",
"Racism in the United States",
"Mueller report",
"Trans-Pacific Partnership",
"United Nations Climate Change conference",
"Globalization",
"History of United States foreign policy",
"Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Air pollution",
"Climate change in China",
"Pollution in California",
"History of the United Kingdom",
"Domestic violence",
"History of Austria",
"Fred Singer",
"Greenhouse gas inventory",
"Climate variability and change",
"Hillary Clinton",
"Environmental impacts of animal agriculture",
"United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Climate change in Tuvalu",
"Climate change in Greece",
"Global dimming",
"Electricity policy of Ontario",
"Peak oil",
"Sex trafficking",
"African humid period",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Permafrost",
"History of Detroit",
"Effects of climate change on human health",
"Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud",
"Robert McNamara",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"2019–20 Australian bushfire season",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"History of the United States",
"South African criminal law",
"Sexual harassment",
"Trump administration family separation policy",
"Plastic pollution",
"Foreign relations of Israel",
"E-democracy",
"H. H. Asquith",
"2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"Tuvalu",
"Climate change and Indigenous peoples",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Greece",
"Lithuania",
"Keystone Pipeline",
"Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union",
"Iraq War",
"Political positions of Lisa Murkowski",
"Second Vatican Council",
"Glenn Youngkin",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Sustainability",
"Economic policy of the Donald Trump administration",
"Nuclear power in the United States",
"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi",
"Climate change in Indonesia",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Rudy Giuliani",
"Central Intelligence Agency",
"Puerto Rico",
"Turkey–United States relations",
"Human rights in China",
"New Mexico",
"Trumpism",
"Benjamin Netanyahu",
"Authoritarian socialism",
"Yulia Tymoshenko",
"Pandemic prevention",
"History of Western civilization",
"Energy policy of the United Kingdom",
"Framing (social sciences)",
"Energy development",
"Richard Blumenthal",
"Social media use by Donald Trump",
"Theodore Roosevelt",
"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement",
"Kevin Rudd",
"Shinzo Abe",
"Conscience",
"Climate change scenario",
"History of the Internet",
"Economic growth",
"History of broadcasting in Australia",
"California Environmental Quality Act",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Israel",
"Political positions of Kamala Harris",
"Climate change in South Korea",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Trump–Ukraine scandal",
"Foreign internal defense",
"Carbon capture and storage",
"Climate change in Brazil",
"Citizen science",
"Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform",
"Climate finance",
"Computer security",
"Corporate social responsibility",
"John von Neumann",
"The Co-operative Group",
"Pope Pius XII",
"China–Pakistan Economic Corridor",
"Hillsborough disaster",
"Amnesty International",
"Oil sands",
"Soviet–Afghan War",
"Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Environmental effects of aviation",
"Poverty",
"Affordable Care Act",
"Political positions of Jeb Bush",
"List of modern great powers",
"Alexander Zinoviev",
"Malnutrition",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Energy transition",
"American frontier",
"Myanmar",
"World Jewish Congress",
"Hamas",
"Hugo Chávez",
"Open access",
"Abuse in gymnastics",
"Little Ice Age",
"Italy",
"Views on the Kyoto Protocol",
"Human rights in the United Kingdom",
"Trump administration political interference with science agencies",
"England",
"Adolescence",
"Racial views of Donald Trump",
"Historikerstreit",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States",
"Electronic waste",
"Soviet Union",
"Wartime sexual violence",
"Mikhail Gorbachev",
"Economy of the United States",
"Fidel Castro",
"Zero-energy building",
"2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference",
"Tesla Autopilot",
"Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory",
"Incarceration in the United States",
"Human rights in Israel",
"France",
"Views on the nuclear program of Iran",
"Arguments for and against drug prohibition",
"Light in painting",
"Science and technology in Israel",
"COVID-19 pandemic",
"Environmental issues in Alberta",
"Scientology",
"Hizb ut-Tahrir",
"Climate change in India",
"Fish for finance",
"List of historical acts of tax resistance",
"Famine",
"History of science and technology in the People's Republic of China",
"Sustainable agriculture",
"Water security",
"Pope Francis",
"Whaling in Japan",
"Mitt Romney",
"Vilnius",
"Enoch Powell",
"Pakistan",
"Vietnam War",
"Peruvian political crisis (2017–present)",
"Education in India",
"Social Security (United States)",
"International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War",
"Morrison government",
"Science and technology in Venezuela",
"Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet",
"Politics of Georgia (country)",
"Human rights in the United States",
"Islamic banking and finance",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Metascience",
"Defamation",
"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan",
"China",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum",
"Apartheid",
"Zhou Enlai",
"Special Report on Emissions Scenarios",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Climate governance",
"United Nations Human Rights Council",
"Subprime mortgage crisis solutions debate",
"Cluedo (Australian game show)",
"Lumumba Government",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020",
"Air pollution in the United States",
"Fukushima nuclear accident",
"Guatemalan Civil War",
"Benazir Bhutto",
"Presidency of John F. Kennedy",
"Affordable housing in Canada",
"12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam",
"History of Missouri",
"Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis",
"Unification Church",
"British government response to the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Earth Day",
"Climate change in Japan",
"Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic",
"Greenland ice sheet",
"Passaic station (Erie Railroad)",
"Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty",
"Nuclear proliferation",
"South African contract law",
"Ethiopia",
"Partygate",
"Sport psychology",
"Common Agricultural Policy",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"Albania",
"Creativity",
"Foreign relations of China",
"Bondelswarts Rebellion",
"Timeline of carbon capture and storage",
"Nuclear safety and security",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Global catastrophe scenarios",
"Women and the environment",
"Economy of India",
"John F. Kennedy",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Bill Clinton",
"Biodiversity",
"Human rights and climate change",
"John French, 1st Earl of Ypres",
"Wegman Report",
"Freedom of religion in Europe by country",
"Climate change in Antarctica",
"Bernie Sanders",
"Stephen Harper",
"Reconstruction era",
"Ethics of technology",
"COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria",
"History of Poland",
"Gulf War",
"International Space Station",
"Archibald Cox",
"IPCC Summary for Policymakers",
"HIV/AIDS in Russia",
"Consumer behaviour",
"Barack Obama",
"Erwin Rommel",
"1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Nawaz Sharif",
"Canada convoy protest",
"Net neutrality",
"Scientific method",
"Intelligence dissemination management",
"Human overpopulation",
"Political positions of John Delaney",
"Domestic policy of the George W. Bush administration",
"American Civil Liberties Union",
"Italian Americans",
"Apple Inc.",
"Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions",
"Falun Gong",
"Joseph Stalin",
"Green New Deal",
"Smolensk air disaster",
"United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict",
"Antisemitism in the UK Labour Party",
"Steady-state economy",
"John Maynard Keynes",
"Age of Enlightenment",
"Executive compensation in the United States",
"MeToo movement",
"False or misleading statements by Donald Trump",
"Energy policy of Canada",
"Progressive Era",
"Robert Byrd",
"Russia–European Union relations",
"India–United States relations",
"Roe v. Wade",
"List of climate change video games",
"Sweden",
"Ozone depletion and climate change",
"Suez Crisis",
"First Russian Antarctic Expedition",
"Poverty reduction",
"Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo",
"French Resistance",
"Diving safety",
"Climate change in Bangladesh",
"Officers' Association",
"Richard Lindzen",
"Confederate States of America",
"Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia",
"Arab citizens of Israel",
"Jimmy Carter",
"Economy of North Korea",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran",
"Jean Chrétien",
"Tim Kaine",
"Climate change in Finland",
"Nicolae Iorga",
"Characters of Casualty",
"Environmental impact assessment",
"Edward Snowden",
"BDSM",
"North Korea",
"Climate change in Puerto Rico",
"Charlie Baker",
"European Green Deal",
"Economic history of Portugal",
"Blockade of the Gaza Strip",
"Netherlands",
"Republican Party (United States)",
"Friedrich Hayek",
"Kashmir conflict",
"John McCain",
"Deepwater Horizon oil spill",
"History of the nude in art",
"Populism",
"Sustainable city",
"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage",
"2010s global surveillance disclosures",
"Walmart",
"Crisis in Venezuela",
"Social Security debate in the United States",
"Global financial system",
"History of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Foreign relations of Taiwan",
"Andreas Hillgruber",
"Generation Z",
"Iceland",
"Douglas MacArthur",
"Women's rights",
"Peacekeeping",
"Race and health in the United States",
"Corporate average fuel economy",
"League of Nations",
"Human nutrition",
"Canadian Indian residential school system",
"First 100 days of Imran Khan's prime ministership",
"Sociology",
"Women in music",
"Nuclear power in the United Kingdom",
"Hillary Clinton email controversy",
"Cultured meat",
"Healthcare in the United States",
"Meat",
"Brian Mulroney",
"Zimbabwe",
"9/11 conspiracy theories",
"Reproductive justice",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Pope John Paul II",
"Open scientific data",
"Nobel Prize controversies",
"Environmental activism of Al Gore",
"Medicare (United States)",
"History of autism",
"Climate risk",
"Employment discrimination",
"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"European Parliament",
"Coral bleaching",
"Anti-environmentalism",
"Jim Inhofe",
"Violence against women",
"International Criminal Court",
"Genetically modified food in Oceania",
"Biodiesel",
"Conservative Party (UK)",
"Permian–Triassic extinction event",
"European Investment Bank",
"Harold Wilson",
"17 October Revolution",
"North Pacific right whale",
"History of science",
"Somalia",
"Vladimir Tismăneanu",
"Fox News controversies",
"Projects of the Caribbean Community",
"Internet",
"Cold War (1953–1962)",
"Recycling",
"Political positions of Amy Klobuchar",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
"Working definition of antisemitism",
"Ken Livingstone",
"44th Medical Brigade",
"New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme",
"War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)",
"Baby boomers",
"Islamic terrorism",
"Relationship between religion and science",
"Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion",
"Environmental racism in the United States",
"Education",
"Replication crisis",
"Gab (social network)",
"Fossil fuel divestment",
"Glyphosate",
"Phonics",
"2013–2014 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet",
"Thin-film solar cell",
"Plame affair",
"Switzerland",
"Talcott Parsons",
"Nancy Pelosi",
"Ecology",
"Rationale for the Iraq War",
"World War II by country",
"Waste management in Australia",
"John McCain 2008 presidential campaign",
"Political activities of the Koch brothers",
"Imperial examination",
"2019–2020 Hong Kong protests",
"Water supply and sanitation in the United States",
"Robert F. Kennedy Jr.",
"Homelessness in the United States by state",
"Constitution of the United Kingdom",
"Environmental justice",
"Social enterprise",
"National Security Agency",
"Maximilien Robespierre",
"United Kingdom",
"Attachment theory",
"Presidency of Harry S. Truman",
"Privacy concerns with social networking services",
"History of social democracy",
"Telehealth",
"Anarchism in Brazil",
"History of the race and intelligence controversy",
"World Bank",
"Democratic peace theory",
"Loot box",
"Srebrenica massacre",
"Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization",
"Life-cycle assessment",
"Greek government-debt crisis",
"Miscegenation",
"Emission intensity",
"Franciscus Patricius",
"Convention People's Party",
"List of My Hero Academia characters",
"2009 Afghan presidential election",
"Climate change in the Netherlands",
"Criticism of Wikipedia",
"Joe Romm",
"Global cooling",
"Kazakhstan",
"Smart grid",
"Cryptocurrency",
"Cannabis in Italy",
"Water in California",
"Artificial intelligence",
"Jury",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Conservation biology",
"Gaza flotilla raid",
"Nothing Records",
"2023 New Zealand general election",
"Internment of Japanese Americans",
"Modern liberalism in the United States",
"Weather of 2010",
"United Kingdom insolvency law",
"Oddworld Inhabitants",
"Muslim Brotherhood",
"Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj",
"Tanzania",
"Macedonia naming dispute",
"Japan–United States relations",
"Yom Kippur War",
"John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories",
"Sierra Leone",
"Franklin D. Roosevelt",
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
"Political positions of Newt Gingrich",
"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower",
"Media bias in the United States",
"Hubble Space Telescope",
"William Barr",
"Ozone",
"Economics",
"Algorithmic bias",
"Texas",
"Democracy",
"Clean Air Act (United States)",
"Zulfikar Ali Bhutto",
"Korean War",
"Illegal immigration to the United States",
"Iran",
"Kenya",
"Nuclear activities in Brazil",
"Affirmative action in the United States",
"Henry Kissinger",
"Regulation of artificial intelligence",
"Israel and apartheid",
"Food and Agriculture Organization",
"One-child policy",
"Martin Luther King Jr.",
"Criticism of Google",
"Dave Lowe (atmospheric scientist)",
"Cambodia",
"McKinsey & Company",
"History of the United States Space Force",
"Veganism",
"South Korea",
"Laudato si'",
"Boeing 737 MAX certification",
"Athabasca oil sands",
"Orphan wells in Alberta, Canada",
"Fourth National Climate Assessment",
"Foreign policy of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential election",
"Food security",
"News",
"Women's rights in Saudi Arabia",
"Arnold Schwarzenegger",
"Sandinista National Liberation Front",
"Education in Ethiopia",
"West Germany",
"George Pell",
"Muammar Gaddafi",
"University of Pennsylvania",
"International relations since 1989",
"Climate movement",
"Acorn Archimedes",
"Internet of things",
"Climate change in Sweden",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"History of the Philippines",
"History of the Democratic Party (United States)",
"Sri Lankan Civil War",
"Cold fusion",
"Tucker Carlson",
"International Energy Agency",
"14th Dalai Lama",
"History of radar",
"Sharia",
"Nuclear power phase-out",
"Climate change in France",
"First Amendment to the United States Constitution",
"Tim Naish",
"Science and technology in China",
"Economy of Morocco",
"German Renewable Energy Sources Act",
"Tony Blair",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Joseph Lister",
"On the Origin of Species",
"Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign",
"English trust law",
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"Economic history of France",
"Slavery in the United States",
"Net neutrality in the United States",
"History of Israel",
"Food vs. fuel",
"Russia–United States relations",
"Timeline of the Syrian civil war",
"War on drugs",
"Imperial Roman army",
"Occupational safety and health",
"David Cameron",
"Organized crime",
"Climate change in the Middle East and North Africa",
"RT (TV network)",
"Citizens United v. FEC",
"Malaysia Airlines Flight 370",
"BBC controversies",
"Niger Delta mangroves",
"SAT",
"Syrian civil war",
"Educational inequality",
"Alberto Gonzales",
"Mao Zedong",
"Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration",
"Wetland",
"Feminist economics",
"Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)",
"Taiwan",
"E-government",
"Microfinance",
"Greenhouse gas",
"Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency",
"Gillard government",
"Water on Mars",
"Belt and Road Initiative",
"Economy of Egypt",
"Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration",
"Patriot Act",
"J. Robert Oppenheimer",
"Smile (The Beach Boys album)",
"Concentrated animal feeding operation",
"Marriage",
"Evolutionary psychology",
"CARICOM Single Market and Economy",
"Michael Bloomberg",
"Censorship in the United States",
"American imperialism",
"Education reform",
"Global warming potential",
"Freedom of speech by country",
"Carbon budget",
"List of The Shield characters",
"Religious symbolism in the United States military",
"Rejection of evolution by religious groups",
"Chronology of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis",
"United States involvement in regime change",
"Mitch Daniels",
"Nelson Mandela",
"Ireland",
"Lancet surveys of Iraq War casualties",
"History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)",
"History of Nigeria",
"Nigeria",
"Camden, New Jersey",
"Migrant worker",
"Internet privacy",
"Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate",
"Program evaluation",
"Massachusetts",
"Desmond Tutu",
"Margaret Thatcher",
"Presidency of George W. Bush",
"Norway",
"Health care systems by country",
"2014 Gaza War",
"Risk assessment",
"Supreme Court of the United States",
"History of education in New Zealand",
"Michele Bachmann",
"Bashar al-Assad",
"Disaster risk reduction",
"Richard Nixon",
"Environmental issues in China",
"Deficit reduction in the United States",
"Angela Merkel",
"List of films considered the worst",
"Science",
"Michael Oppenheimer",
"Ted Kennedy",
"David Lloyd George",
"Anti-Comintern Pact",
"First Russian circumnavigation",
"Theresa May",
"Marine policy of the Barack Obama administration",
"Denmark",
"Addiction",
"Indigenous Australians",
"Second presidency of Lula da Silva",
"Green Revolution",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020",
"William Christian Bullitt Jr.",
"Eastern Bloc",
"COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia",
"South Africa",
"Business ethics",
"Transgender rights in the United States",
"Shale gas in the United Kingdom",
"Killing of Osama bin Laden",
"ITER",
"Dreyfus affair",
"Big Five personality traits",
"John Baird (Canadian politician)",
"International law",
"Infant mortality",
"Climate change in Italy",
"Brexit and arrangements for science and technology",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"3D printing",
"Verner W. Clapp",
"History of the Jews in Poland",
"Pierre Trudeau",
"Greenhouse gas emissions by China",
"Submarine communications cable",
"Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)",
"History of education in the United States",
"Media portrayal of the Russo-Ukrainian War",
"History of United States prison systems",
"Compulsory sterilization",
"Burkina Faso",
"Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration"
] |
57294e6b1d04691400779275 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The IPCC process on climate change and its efficiency and success has been compared with dealings with other environmental challenges (compare Ozone depletion and global warming). In case of the Ozone depletion global regulation based on the Montreal Protocol has been successful, in case of Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol failed. The Ozone case was used to assess the efficiency of the IPCC process. The lockstep situation of the IPCC is having built a broad science consensus while states and governments still follow different, if not opposing goals. The underlying linear model of policy-making of more knowledge we have, the better the political response will be is being doubted.",
"hi": "जलवायु परिवर्तन की आईपीसीसी प्रक्रिया और इसकी प्रभावशीलता और सफलता की अन्य पर्यावरणीय चुनौतियों (ओज़ोन क्षरण और वैश्विक तापन की तुलना) के साथ तुलना की गई। ओज़ोन क्षरण वैश्विक विनियमन के मामले में मोंट्रियल प्रोटोकॉल सफल रहा, जलवायु परिवर्तन के मामले में क्योटो प्रोटोकॉल असफल रहा। ओजोन मामला आईपीसीसी की दक्षता का मूल्यांकन करने के लिये प्रयोग किया गया। आईपीसीसी की नियंत्रित प्रगति स्थिति ने विस्तृत विज्ञान सहमति बनाई जबकि राज्य और सरकारें यदि विपरीत लक्ष्य नहीं, तो अभी तक भिन्न स्थिति का पालन करती हैं। हमारे पास जो नीति निर्माण के अधिक ज्ञान का आधारभूत रेखीय मॉडल है, राजनीतिक उत्तर संदिग्ध होगा।"
} | {
"en": "What has successfully dealt with ozone depletion?",
"hi": "ओजोन क्षरण का सफलतापूर्वक सामना किसने किया?"
} | {
"en": [
"the Montreal Protocol"
],
"hi": [
"मोंट्रियल प्रोटोकॉल"
]
} | {
"en": [
238,
242,
211
],
"hi": [
194
]
} | [
"History and Society.Education",
"History and Society.Society",
"STEM.Earth and environment",
"STEM.STEM*"
] | 8_film_films_directed | [
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] |
57294e6b1d04691400779276 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The IPCC process on climate change and its efficiency and success has been compared with dealings with other environmental challenges (compare Ozone depletion and global warming). In case of the Ozone depletion global regulation based on the Montreal Protocol has been successful, in case of Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol failed. The Ozone case was used to assess the efficiency of the IPCC process. The lockstep situation of the IPCC is having built a broad science consensus while states and governments still follow different, if not opposing goals. The underlying linear model of policy-making of more knowledge we have, the better the political response will be is being doubted.",
"hi": "जलवायु परिवर्तन की आईपीसीसी प्रक्रिया और इसकी प्रभावशीलता और सफलता की अन्य पर्यावरणीय चुनौतियों (ओज़ोन क्षरण और वैश्विक तापन की तुलना) के साथ तुलना की गई। ओज़ोन क्षरण वैश्विक विनियमन के मामले में मोंट्रियल प्रोटोकॉल सफल रहा, जलवायु परिवर्तन के मामले में क्योटो प्रोटोकॉल असफल रहा। ओजोन मामला आईपीसीसी की दक्षता का मूल्यांकन करने के लिये प्रयोग किया गया। आईपीसीसी की नियंत्रित प्रगति स्थिति ने विस्तृत विज्ञान सहमति बनाई जबकि राज्य और सरकारें यदि विपरीत लक्ष्य नहीं, तो अभी तक भिन्न स्थिति का पालन करती हैं। हमारे पास जो नीति निर्माण के अधिक ज्ञान का आधारभूत रेखीय मॉडल है, राजनीतिक उत्तर संदिग्ध होगा।"
} | {
"en": "What did the Kyoto Protocol try to address?",
"hi": "क्योटो प्रोटोकॉल ने क्या कहने का प्रयास किया?"
} | {
"en": [
"Climate Change"
],
"hi": [
"जलवायु परिवर्तन"
]
} | {
"en": [
292,
292,
292
],
"hi": [
223
]
} | [
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57294e6b1d04691400779277 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | {
"en": "The IPCC process on climate change and its efficiency and success has been compared with dealings with other environmental challenges (compare Ozone depletion and global warming). In case of the Ozone depletion global regulation based on the Montreal Protocol has been successful, in case of Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol failed. The Ozone case was used to assess the efficiency of the IPCC process. The lockstep situation of the IPCC is having built a broad science consensus while states and governments still follow different, if not opposing goals. The underlying linear model of policy-making of more knowledge we have, the better the political response will be is being doubted.",
"hi": "जलवायु परिवर्तन की आईपीसीसी प्रक्रिया और इसकी प्रभावशीलता और सफलता की अन्य पर्यावरणीय चुनौतियों (ओज़ोन क्षरण और वैश्विक तापन की तुलना) के साथ तुलना की गई। ओज़ोन क्षरण वैश्विक विनियमन के मामले में मोंट्रियल प्रोटोकॉल सफल रहा, जलवायु परिवर्तन के मामले में क्योटो प्रोटोकॉल असफल रहा। ओजोन मामला आईपीसीसी की दक्षता का मूल्यांकन करने के लिये प्रयोग किया गया। आईपीसीसी की नियंत्रित प्रगति स्थिति ने विस्तृत विज्ञान सहमति बनाई जबकि राज्य और सरकारें यदि विपरीत लक्ष्य नहीं, तो अभी तक भिन्न स्थिति का पालन करती हैं। हमारे पास जो नीति निर्माण के अधिक ज्ञान का आधारभूत रेखीय मॉडल है, राजनीतिक उत्तर संदिग्ध होगा।"
} | {
"en": "Whose goals often still oppose the IPCC?",
"hi": "किसके लक्ष्य अभी तक आईपीसीसी का अक्सर विरोध करते हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"states and governments"
],
"hi": [
"राज्य और सरकारें"
]
} | {
"en": [
488,
488,
488
],
"hi": [
423
]
} | [
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"Democracy",
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"Tucker Carlson",
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"14th Dalai Lama",
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"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk",
"Joseph Lister",
"On the Origin of Species",
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"Lee Kuan Yew",
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"Slavery in the United States",
"Net neutrality in the United States",
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"List of The Shield characters",
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] |
572957ad1d046914007792d9 | Chloroplast | {
"en": "Somewhere around a billion years ago, a free-living cyanobacterium entered an early eukaryotic cell, either as food or as an internal parasite, but managed to escape the phagocytic vacuole it was contained in. The two innermost lipid-bilayer membranes that surround all chloroplasts correspond to the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium's gram negative cell wall, and not the phagosomal membrane from the host, which was probably lost. The new cellular resident quickly became an advantage, providing food for the eukaryotic host, which allowed it to live within it. Over time, the cyanobacterium was assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus of the host. Some of its proteins were then synthesized in the cytoplasm of the host cell, and imported back into the chloroplast (formerly the cyanobacterium).",
"hi": "कहीं एक बिलियन वर्ष पहले एक स्वतंत्र रहने वाले सैनॉबक्टिरियम ने एक पूर्व यूकार्योटिक कोशिका में चाहे भोजन के रूप में या एक परजीवी के रूप में प्रवेश किया, लेकिन फगोकयटिक वकोल, जो उसमें स्थित था, बचने का प्रबंध किया। दो अंतरतम लिपिड-बिलाएर मेम्ब्रेन जो पूर्वज साइनोबैक्टेरियम के ग्राम नकारात्मक कोशिका दीवार के अनुरूप सभी क्लोरोप्लास्ट को घेरती है, और मेजबान से फगोसोमल मेम्ब्रेन नहीं, जो संभवतः नष्ट हो गई थी। एक कोशिकामय निवासी शीघ्र ही यूकरयोटिक मेजबान जिसने इसको अंदर रहने की अनुमति दी थी, भोजन उपलब्ध कराकर अनुकूल हो गया। समय के बाद सैनॉबक्टिरियम आत्मसात हो गया, और इसके बहुत से जीन्स मेजबान के न्यूक्लियस में परिवर्तित या नष्ट हो गए। तब इसके कुछ प्रोटीन मेजबान कोशिका के साइटोप्लास्म में संश्लेषित हो गए और क्लोरोप्लास्ट में वापस आयात किये गए (पूर्व में सैनॉबक्टिरियम)।"
} | {
"en": "What kind of cell did cynaobacteria enter long ago?",
"hi": "सैनॉबक्टिरिया किस प्रकार की कोशिका में बहुत पहले प्रविष्ट हुआ?"
} | {
"en": [
"eukaryotic"
],
"hi": [
"यूकार्योटिक"
]
} | {
"en": [
84,
75,
84
],
"hi": [
73
]
} | [
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"Honey",
"Membrane potential",
"Triple-stranded DNA",
"3D printing",
"Plasmid",
"Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1",
"Cro-Magnon",
"Adolescence",
"Pollen tube",
"Sense",
"Steppe eagle",
"Ferredoxin",
"Carbon nanotube",
"Interracial marriage",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"Tooth decay",
"Effects of climate change on agriculture",
"AI Mark VIII radar",
"Protein phosphorylation",
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"Nucleomorph",
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"River ecosystem",
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"Ethylene oxide",
"Fatty acid",
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"KASUMI",
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"Concrete",
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"2017 St. Louis Cardinals season",
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"History of Speyer",
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"Cerebellum",
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] |
572957ad1d046914007792da | Chloroplast | {
"en": "Somewhere around a billion years ago, a free-living cyanobacterium entered an early eukaryotic cell, either as food or as an internal parasite, but managed to escape the phagocytic vacuole it was contained in. The two innermost lipid-bilayer membranes that surround all chloroplasts correspond to the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium's gram negative cell wall, and not the phagosomal membrane from the host, which was probably lost. The new cellular resident quickly became an advantage, providing food for the eukaryotic host, which allowed it to live within it. Over time, the cyanobacterium was assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus of the host. Some of its proteins were then synthesized in the cytoplasm of the host cell, and imported back into the chloroplast (formerly the cyanobacterium).",
"hi": "कहीं एक बिलियन वर्ष पहले एक स्वतंत्र रहने वाले सैनॉबक्टिरियम ने एक पूर्व यूकार्योटिक कोशिका में चाहे भोजन के रूप में या एक परजीवी के रूप में प्रवेश किया, लेकिन फगोकयटिक वकोल, जो उसमें स्थित था, बचने का प्रबंध किया। दो अंतरतम लिपिड-बिलाएर मेम्ब्रेन जो पूर्वज साइनोबैक्टेरियम के ग्राम नकारात्मक कोशिका दीवार के अनुरूप सभी क्लोरोप्लास्ट को घेरती है, और मेजबान से फगोसोमल मेम्ब्रेन नहीं, जो संभवतः नष्ट हो गई थी। एक कोशिकामय निवासी शीघ्र ही यूकरयोटिक मेजबान जिसने इसको अंदर रहने की अनुमति दी थी, भोजन उपलब्ध कराकर अनुकूल हो गया। समय के बाद सैनॉबक्टिरियम आत्मसात हो गया, और इसके बहुत से जीन्स मेजबान के न्यूक्लियस में परिवर्तित या नष्ट हो गए। तब इसके कुछ प्रोटीन मेजबान कोशिका के साइटोप्लास्म में संश्लेषित हो गए और क्लोरोप्लास्ट में वापस आयात किये गए (पूर्व में सैनॉबक्टिरियम)।"
} | {
"en": "How long ago did cyanobacteria enter a cell?",
"hi": "कितना समय पहले सैनॉबक्टिरिया कोशिका में प्रविष्ट हुआ?"
} | {
"en": [
"around a billion years ago"
],
"hi": [
"एक बिलियन वर्ष पहले"
]
} | {
"en": [
10,
17,
10
],
"hi": [
5
]
} | [
"STEM.Biology",
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"Spacetime",
"COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea",
"Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome",
"Zero-point energy",
"GroEL",
"Apicomplexa",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (500–599)",
"Crocodilia",
"Bryopsis",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (300–399)",
"Dunaliella",
"Archaeal virus",
"Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa",
"Climate change in Washington",
"Genome editing",
"Memory",
"Expanded genetic code",
"Transcription (biology)",
"Lead poisoning",
"Anticancer gene",
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis",
"Plastid evolution",
"Phototaxis",
"Lung",
"Caenorhabditis elegans",
"History of Germany",
"Heavy water",
"O-GlcNAc",
"Atmosphere of Jupiter",
"Atom",
"Armies in the American Civil War",
"Heterologous expression",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Evolution of metal ions in biological systems",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"OLED",
"Hi-C (genomic analysis technique)",
"Lp space",
"Boron",
"RNA editing",
"Great Oxidation Event",
"Nervous system",
"Horse colic",
"Woolly mammoth",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere",
"Francis Crick",
"Filter (set theory)",
"US FWS Charles H. Gilbert",
"Ectomycorrhiza",
"Serpin",
"X-ray crystallography",
"Mitosis",
"Soybean",
"Narcissus (plant)",
"Long-eared owl",
"South African criminal law",
"Kinetic isotope effect",
"High-performance liquid chromatography",
"Preimplantation genetic diagnosis",
"Ozone depletion",
"Microbial genetics",
"DNA nanotechnology",
"Cholestasis",
"Active transport",
"Liquid crystal",
"Life on Mars",
"Autophagy",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Genetic studies on Jews",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Origin of replication",
"Artificial photosynthesis",
"Chloroplast membrane",
"Introduction to viruses",
"Index of biology articles",
"Plastic pollution",
"Fish anatomy",
"Lanthanide",
"Pterosaur",
"Argon compounds",
"Physiology of decompression",
"Networked advocacy",
"Well-being contributing factors",
"Bivalvia",
"Tang dynasty",
"List of Plasmodium species",
"Chlororespiration",
"Marine plastic pollution",
"Onychophora",
"History of Detroit",
"Ocean",
"Serotonin",
"Ellipse",
"Gene therapy",
"Endoplasmic reticulum",
"Biodiesel",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (200–299)",
"Diamond",
"Plutonium",
"Snowy owl",
"Hydrogen storage",
"Translation (biology)",
"Penal Code (Malaysia)",
"Perlecan",
"Dipshikha Chakravortty",
"Organ-on-a-chip",
"Hydrogen",
"Cytoskeleton",
"Fuel cell",
"Vitamin B12",
"Nuclear weapon design",
"Histone acetylation and deacetylation",
"Chiapas",
"Radar in World War II",
"White wine",
"Papillomaviridae",
"Spider",
"Fluorine",
"Systems of social stratification",
"Earth",
"Infection",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"P-type ATPase",
"Evolution of the wolf",
"Chemical reaction",
"CSNK1D",
"Arsenic poisoning",
"History of Austria",
"Taste",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Human genetic resistance to malaria",
"Recent human evolution",
"Deep biosphere",
"Source attribution",
"Ctenophora",
"Professional wrestling match types",
"Parasitism",
"Marine sediment",
"Seed",
"Star",
"Mitochondrial matrix",
"Field electron emission",
"History of Cumbria",
"Aphid",
"Origin of language",
"Dry suit",
"Properties of water",
"Manganese",
"Breast cancer",
"Value-form",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Digestion",
"Plastid terminal oxidase",
"Vectors in gene therapy",
"Human",
"List of Denver landmarks",
"Selenium",
"Titan (moon)",
"Phosphorus",
"Genome size",
"Copper",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Vilnius",
"LSm",
"Moss",
"Southern bluefin tuna",
"Mineral",
"French Resistance",
"Riftia",
"Green algae",
"Atmosphere of Venus",
"Cattle",
"Climate change",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Chromium",
"Selfish genetic element",
"Electrochemistry",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"DNA barcoding",
"Silviculture",
"Chlamydomonas nivalis",
"Chronology of the universe",
"Beggiatoa",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Moon",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Particulates",
"Rebreather diving",
"Carboxysome",
"Addiction",
"Metalloprotein",
"Fish physiology",
"Trebouxia",
"Sustainable fashion",
"List of Dutch discoveries",
"Yeast",
"Insect",
"Coronavirus",
"Non-coding RNA",
"Adaptive immune system",
"Flagellum",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Fluorescent lamp",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Women in Islam",
"Xerophyte",
"Cannabis cultivation",
"Quorum sensing",
"Radiocarbon dating",
"Superlens",
"History of Tunisia",
"MTORC1",
"Biomolecular engineering",
"Photosynthetic efficiency",
"Zebrafish",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"Invasion (cancer)",
"Thin-film solar cell",
"Reactive oxygen species production in marine microalgae",
"Evolution of insects",
"Nuclear winter",
"Tumor hypoxia",
"Corgi Toys",
"Religion in China",
"Seagrass",
"Uranium mining",
"Lipopolysaccharide",
"Beluga whale",
"History of biology",
"Tyrannosaurus",
"Hyperbola",
"Melioidosis",
"Microvesicle",
"BC-007",
"Genetic engineering techniques",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain",
"Reelin",
"Italy",
"Protoceratops",
"Light-emitting diode",
"Lipid signaling",
"Microtubule",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"African humid period",
"Gold",
"Endogenous retrovirus",
"BRCA1",
"Hydrothermal vent microbial communities",
"Bacterial genome",
"Artificial cell",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance",
"Functional magnetic resonance imaging",
"Women in science",
"Trichoplax",
"Melanoma",
"Bat",
"Alexandrium (dinoflagellate)",
"Helicase",
"Nepenthes rajah",
"Silver",
"Papua (province)",
"Polyadenylation",
"Omega-3 fatty acid",
"T cell",
"Spaces of test functions and distributions",
"Ichthyosauria",
"Human papillomavirus infection",
"Reptile",
"Electron",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Greece",
"Schizosaccharomyces pombe",
"Galileo project",
"Seaweed fertiliser",
"Fish",
"Ising model",
"Cyanothece",
"C++11",
"Antenna tuner",
"Antibiotic",
"Nuclear power",
"Survivin",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"List of Wild Cards characters",
"Honey",
"Membrane potential",
"Triple-stranded DNA",
"3D printing",
"Plasmid",
"Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1",
"Cro-Magnon",
"Adolescence",
"Pollen tube",
"Sense",
"Steppe eagle",
"Ferredoxin",
"Carbon nanotube",
"Interracial marriage",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"Tooth decay",
"Effects of climate change on agriculture",
"AI Mark VIII radar",
"Protein phosphorylation",
"Metalloid",
"Nucleomorph",
"American frontier",
"Anabolic steroid",
"Electrochemical gradient",
"Cellular differentiation",
"TMEM211",
"Glyphosate",
"Reindeer",
"River ecosystem",
"Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell",
"Fracking in the United States",
"English land law",
"Naturally occurring phenols",
"Supernova",
"Staining",
"Ethylene oxide",
"Fatty acid",
"Distribution (mathematics)",
"History of radar",
"Fusion power",
"Passenger pigeon",
"Ice drilling",
"KASUMI",
"Cornish Bronze Age",
"Concrete",
"Latin America",
"Desert",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Ethanol",
"2017 St. Louis Cardinals season",
"Utricularia",
"Western honey bee",
"AMP-activated protein kinase",
"European debt crisis",
"Amphetamine",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"Snowball Earth",
"Nanoparticle",
"History of France",
"Banana",
"Hepatitis",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Iron in biology",
"Octopus",
"Apicoplast",
"Internal combustion engine",
"Anaerobic digestion",
"Human digestive system",
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"John von Neumann",
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"Macrophage",
"Laser",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"History of women in the United States",
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"List of The Shield characters",
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"Vitamin D",
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"Nucleic acid tertiary structure",
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"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"South African contract law",
"List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters",
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"DNA vaccine",
"Active site",
"Intron",
"Cetacea",
"History of Speyer",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"Cerebellum",
"Transcriptomics technologies",
"Social media",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway",
"Thermoelectric materials",
"Economy of China",
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"Biodiversity",
"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"Ascomycota",
"Aquaculture",
"Characters of the Tekken series",
"Biological functions of nitric oxide",
"Space colonization",
"Huanjing bunao",
"Legionella pneumophila",
"Brown dwarf",
"Urban forestry",
"Helios",
"Type III secretion system",
"Gasoline",
"Research in lithium-ion batteries",
"Snake",
"Phacus",
"White dwarf",
"Hybrid electric vehicle",
"Stroke",
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"Future of Earth",
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"Hypercycle (chemistry)",
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"Taoism",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Camouflage",
"Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex",
"Toxoplasma gondii",
"Lake metabolism",
"New Mexico",
"Burst error-correcting code",
"Transformation (genetics)",
"Mammalian kidney",
"History of Palestine",
"Human iron metabolism",
"Cyanobacterial morphology",
"Proteomics",
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"Microplastics",
"Betelgeuse",
"Air pollution",
"Metal",
"Pharmacokinetics of estradiol",
"Gulf War",
"Attachment theory",
"Histone acetyltransferase",
"Proton pump",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Circular RNA",
"Ottoman architecture",
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"Rafael Viñoly",
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"Austronesian peoples",
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"History of Beijing",
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"Mircea Eliade",
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"Chromosome",
"Chromatin",
"Roman Republic",
"Ferredoxin—NADP(+) reductase",
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"Television in the United States",
"History of science and technology in Japan",
"Sulfur assimilation",
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"Durinskia",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Indo-Aryan migrations",
"Plasma cell dyscrasias",
"Fungicide use in the United States",
"Solar System",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Scuba diving",
"Innate immune system",
"Alcohol (drug)",
"Asteroid",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"BKL singularity",
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"Exponentiation",
"Malolactic fermentation",
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Oil sands",
"Protein moonlighting",
"History of painting",
"Magic square",
"Bioinformatics",
"Climate change mitigation",
"Marriage",
"Alfred Waterhouse"
] |
572957ad1d046914007792db | Chloroplast | {
"en": "Somewhere around a billion years ago, a free-living cyanobacterium entered an early eukaryotic cell, either as food or as an internal parasite, but managed to escape the phagocytic vacuole it was contained in. The two innermost lipid-bilayer membranes that surround all chloroplasts correspond to the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium's gram negative cell wall, and not the phagosomal membrane from the host, which was probably lost. The new cellular resident quickly became an advantage, providing food for the eukaryotic host, which allowed it to live within it. Over time, the cyanobacterium was assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus of the host. Some of its proteins were then synthesized in the cytoplasm of the host cell, and imported back into the chloroplast (formerly the cyanobacterium).",
"hi": "कहीं एक बिलियन वर्ष पहले एक स्वतंत्र रहने वाले सैनॉबक्टिरियम ने एक पूर्व यूकार्योटिक कोशिका में चाहे भोजन के रूप में या एक परजीवी के रूप में प्रवेश किया, लेकिन फगोकयटिक वकोल, जो उसमें स्थित था, बचने का प्रबंध किया। दो अंतरतम लिपिड-बिलाएर मेम्ब्रेन जो पूर्वज साइनोबैक्टेरियम के ग्राम नकारात्मक कोशिका दीवार के अनुरूप सभी क्लोरोप्लास्ट को घेरती है, और मेजबान से फगोसोमल मेम्ब्रेन नहीं, जो संभवतः नष्ट हो गई थी। एक कोशिकामय निवासी शीघ्र ही यूकरयोटिक मेजबान जिसने इसको अंदर रहने की अनुमति दी थी, भोजन उपलब्ध कराकर अनुकूल हो गया। समय के बाद सैनॉबक्टिरियम आत्मसात हो गया, और इसके बहुत से जीन्स मेजबान के न्यूक्लियस में परिवर्तित या नष्ट हो गए। तब इसके कुछ प्रोटीन मेजबान कोशिका के साइटोप्लास्म में संश्लेषित हो गए और क्लोरोप्लास्ट में वापस आयात किये गए (पूर्व में सैनॉबक्टिरियम)।"
} | {
"en": "What surrounds chloroplasts?",
"hi": "क्लोरोप्लास्ट को क्या घेरता है?"
} | {
"en": [
"two innermost lipid-bilayer membranes"
],
"hi": [
"दो अंतरतम लिपिड-बिलाएर मेम्ब्रेन"
]
} | {
"en": [
214,
170,
228
],
"hi": [
215
]
} | [
"STEM.Biology",
"STEM.STEM*"
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"Thylakoid",
"List of populated places in Serbia (alphabetic)",
"Botany",
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"Protein targeting",
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"Monotype typefaces",
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"RuBisCO",
"Murine respirovirus",
"Magnesium in biology",
"Gene",
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"History of Earth",
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"Protein",
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"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
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"Insect morphology",
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"Representation theory of finite groups",
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"DNA replication",
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"Induced stem cells",
"Red blood cell",
"Permian–Triassic extinction event",
"Escherichia coli",
"Genetically modified crops",
"Thomas P. Stossel",
"Immune system",
"Biofilm",
"Starch",
"Biosynthesis",
"Carnivorous plant",
"RNA-directed DNA methylation",
"Cactus",
"Cell cycle",
"Arabidopsis thaliana",
"Artin transfer (group theory)",
"Amphibian",
"Index of biochemistry articles",
"HIV",
"Ecology",
"Influenza",
"Arbuscular mycorrhiza",
"Harmful algal bloom",
"Alternative abiogenesis scenarios",
"Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes",
"List of My Hero Academia characters",
"Magnesium transporter",
"Protein biosynthesis",
"Protists in the fossil record",
"Action potential",
"Tartan",
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Frog",
"Silver nanoparticle",
"Carbon dioxide",
"Development communication",
"Calvin cycle",
"History of chemistry",
"Cephalopod",
"DNA damage (naturally occurring)",
"Plant defense against herbivory",
"Supercapacitor",
"Evolution of sexual reproduction",
"Chromera velia",
"Fatty acid synthesis",
"Coral reef",
"Red imported fire ant",
"RNA",
"Classical Anatolia",
"Marine food web",
"Fatty acid metabolism",
"Proteasome",
"DNA sequencing",
"DNA methylation",
"Mammal",
"Insulin",
"Minimal genome",
"Periodic table",
"Rolling hairpin replication",
"Brown algae",
"Protocell",
"Non-canonical base pairing",
"Malaria",
"Ovarian cancer",
"Epitranscriptome",
"Bacterial motility",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of RNA biology",
"List of Naruto characters",
"Sponge",
"Respiratory system",
"Cat food",
"Lithium-ion battery",
"CRISPR",
"Amino acid",
"Ribosomal RNA",
"Genetically modified food controversies",
"Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster",
"Water",
"Nitrogen",
"History of the nude in art",
"Biological pump",
"Plant",
"List of Fairy Tail characters",
"Ammonia",
"Coccolithophore",
"Zinc",
"Antioxidant",
"Cystic fibrosis",
"Human brain",
"Physiological effects in space",
"Quantum biology",
"History of Australia",
"List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens",
"Cell biology",
"Ultraviolet",
"Chemotherapy",
"Lepidoptera",
"Water on Mars",
"European Union law",
"Photosystem",
"Dopamine",
"Smallpox",
"Cholesterol",
"Maize",
"Life",
"Imperial Roman army",
"Lead",
"Ubiquitin",
"Cultured meat",
"Domestication of the dog",
"Prokaryote",
"Plant evolutionary developmental biology",
"Cell wall",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Physiology of underwater diving",
"Chlorophyll",
"Logology (science)",
"CRISPR gene editing",
"Epstein–Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative diseases",
"Transfer RNA",
"Sea",
"Lepidodinium",
"International Space Station",
"Protein engineering",
"South African labour law",
"Respiratory complex I",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Gas exchange",
"Hummingbird",
"Planctomycetota",
"Bird",
"Cooper's hawk",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Signal transduction",
"Biosensor",
"Apoptosis",
"Heart",
"Transmission electron microscopy",
"Molecular evolution",
"Breastfeeding",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Mutation",
"Photoinhibition",
"Fine chemical",
"Lemur",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Sun",
"G-quadruplex",
"List of Garo characters",
"Genome",
"Xenon monochloride",
"Sulfur",
"Cancer epigenetics",
"Nutritional neuroscience",
"Beetle",
"Flavin adenine dinucleotide",
"Miscegenation",
"Protist locomotion",
"Natural product",
"DNA polymerase",
"Microorganism",
"Coral",
"Orchid mycorrhiza",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"ATP synthase",
"Protist",
"Transplastomic plant",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"Ocean acidification",
"Folding@home",
"Potential applications of graphene",
"Trace metal stable isotope biogeochemistry",
"Cellular respiration",
"Carotenoid",
"Biological pigment",
"Millennials",
"Cell growth",
"Stoma",
"History of evolutionary thought",
"Eukaryotic transcription",
"Neuron",
"Filters in topology",
"Epigenetics of physical exercise",
"Neptunium",
"Human evolution",
"Herpes simplex virus",
"Genetically modified food",
"Acorn Archimedes",
"Bryozoa",
"White-tailed eagle",
"Extended periodic table",
"Solar cell",
"Cocaine",
"Antibody",
"Photodynamic therapy",
"History of botany",
"Hypoxia in fish",
"Health effects of Bisphenol A",
"Photophosphorylation",
"List of Dragon Ball characters",
"Vitamin C",
"Acne",
"SNARE protein",
"Penicillin",
"Plasmodium falciparum",
"Joseph Lister",
"Institutional racism",
"Lyme disease",
"Cell signaling",
"Marine viruses",
"Cambrian explosion",
"Late Roman army",
"CYP4F2",
"Potato",
"Common ostrich",
"Maritime history of California",
"Christchurch Transport Board",
"Fluorescence",
"Clavier-Übung III",
"Plant disease resistance",
"Marine biogeochemical cycles",
"Tree",
"Carbon",
"Messenger RNA",
"Jellyfish",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
"Agriculture in California",
"Ebola",
"Bacterial microcompartment",
"Saccharomyces cerevisiae",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Dust astronomy",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Quantum dot",
"Horizontal gene transfer",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)",
"Arsenic",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
"Homeostasis",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Extreme ultraviolet lithography",
"Split gene theory",
"Perovskite solar cell",
"Flower",
"Planetary habitability",
"De novo gene birth",
"Dinosaur",
"G protein-coupled receptor",
"Ethnomusicology",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Diving rebreather",
"Actinide",
"Brain",
"Protein folding",
"Hydrothermal vent",
"Phagocyte",
"Tissue engineering",
"Gut microbiota",
"Vacuum tube",
"Adele ring",
"Pseudomonas aeruginosa",
"Cytosol",
"Uranium",
"Decompression theory",
"Enzyme inhibitor",
"Huntington's disease",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Augustin-Jean Fresnel",
"Capacitor",
"List of Fables characters",
"Thorium",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Protein–protein interaction",
"Plant hormone",
"Acid",
"Rare-earth element",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Organic solar cell",
"Green sulfur bacteria",
"Antimicrobial resistance",
"Red-tailed hawk",
"Semaglutide",
"Meiosis",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Vaucheria litorea",
"Circadian rhythm",
"Potential applications of carbon nanotubes",
"Quantitative genetics",
"Trypanosoma brucei",
"History of molecular biology",
"Lemniscate elliptic functions",
"Chlorine",
"Copper in biology",
"Carbon sequestration",
"Spacetime",
"COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea",
"Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome",
"Zero-point energy",
"GroEL",
"Apicomplexa",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (500–599)",
"Crocodilia",
"Bryopsis",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (300–399)",
"Dunaliella",
"Archaeal virus",
"Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa",
"Climate change in Washington",
"Genome editing",
"Memory",
"Expanded genetic code",
"Transcription (biology)",
"Lead poisoning",
"Anticancer gene",
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis",
"Plastid evolution",
"Phototaxis",
"Lung",
"Caenorhabditis elegans",
"History of Germany",
"Heavy water",
"O-GlcNAc",
"Atmosphere of Jupiter",
"Atom",
"Armies in the American Civil War",
"Heterologous expression",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Evolution of metal ions in biological systems",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"OLED",
"Hi-C (genomic analysis technique)",
"Lp space",
"Boron",
"RNA editing",
"Great Oxidation Event",
"Nervous system",
"Horse colic",
"Woolly mammoth",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere",
"Francis Crick",
"Filter (set theory)",
"US FWS Charles H. Gilbert",
"Ectomycorrhiza",
"Serpin",
"X-ray crystallography",
"Mitosis",
"Soybean",
"Narcissus (plant)",
"Long-eared owl",
"South African criminal law",
"Kinetic isotope effect",
"High-performance liquid chromatography",
"Preimplantation genetic diagnosis",
"Ozone depletion",
"Microbial genetics",
"DNA nanotechnology",
"Cholestasis",
"Active transport",
"Liquid crystal",
"Life on Mars",
"Autophagy",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Genetic studies on Jews",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Origin of replication",
"Artificial photosynthesis",
"Chloroplast membrane",
"Introduction to viruses",
"Index of biology articles",
"Plastic pollution",
"Fish anatomy",
"Lanthanide",
"Pterosaur",
"Argon compounds",
"Physiology of decompression",
"Networked advocacy",
"Well-being contributing factors",
"Bivalvia",
"Tang dynasty",
"List of Plasmodium species",
"Chlororespiration",
"Marine plastic pollution",
"Onychophora",
"History of Detroit",
"Ocean",
"Serotonin",
"Ellipse",
"Gene therapy",
"Endoplasmic reticulum",
"Biodiesel",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (200–299)",
"Diamond",
"Plutonium",
"Snowy owl",
"Hydrogen storage",
"Translation (biology)",
"Penal Code (Malaysia)",
"Perlecan",
"Dipshikha Chakravortty",
"Organ-on-a-chip",
"Hydrogen",
"Cytoskeleton",
"Fuel cell",
"Vitamin B12",
"Nuclear weapon design",
"Histone acetylation and deacetylation",
"Chiapas",
"Radar in World War II",
"White wine",
"Papillomaviridae",
"Spider",
"Fluorine",
"Systems of social stratification",
"Earth",
"Infection",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"P-type ATPase",
"Evolution of the wolf",
"Chemical reaction",
"CSNK1D",
"Arsenic poisoning",
"History of Austria",
"Taste",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Human genetic resistance to malaria",
"Recent human evolution",
"Deep biosphere",
"Source attribution",
"Ctenophora",
"Professional wrestling match types",
"Parasitism",
"Marine sediment",
"Seed",
"Star",
"Mitochondrial matrix",
"Field electron emission",
"History of Cumbria",
"Aphid",
"Origin of language",
"Dry suit",
"Properties of water",
"Manganese",
"Breast cancer",
"Value-form",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Digestion",
"Plastid terminal oxidase",
"Vectors in gene therapy",
"Human",
"List of Denver landmarks",
"Selenium",
"Titan (moon)",
"Phosphorus",
"Genome size",
"Copper",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Vilnius",
"LSm",
"Moss",
"Southern bluefin tuna",
"Mineral",
"French Resistance",
"Riftia",
"Green algae",
"Atmosphere of Venus",
"Cattle",
"Climate change",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Chromium",
"Selfish genetic element",
"Electrochemistry",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"DNA barcoding",
"Silviculture",
"Chlamydomonas nivalis",
"Chronology of the universe",
"Beggiatoa",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Moon",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Particulates",
"Rebreather diving",
"Carboxysome",
"Addiction",
"Metalloprotein",
"Fish physiology",
"Trebouxia",
"Sustainable fashion",
"List of Dutch discoveries",
"Yeast",
"Insect",
"Coronavirus",
"Non-coding RNA",
"Adaptive immune system",
"Flagellum",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Fluorescent lamp",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Women in Islam",
"Xerophyte",
"Cannabis cultivation",
"Quorum sensing",
"Radiocarbon dating",
"Superlens",
"History of Tunisia",
"MTORC1",
"Biomolecular engineering",
"Photosynthetic efficiency",
"Zebrafish",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"Invasion (cancer)",
"Thin-film solar cell",
"Reactive oxygen species production in marine microalgae",
"Evolution of insects",
"Nuclear winter",
"Tumor hypoxia",
"Corgi Toys",
"Religion in China",
"Seagrass",
"Uranium mining",
"Lipopolysaccharide",
"Beluga whale",
"History of biology",
"Tyrannosaurus",
"Hyperbola",
"Melioidosis",
"Microvesicle",
"BC-007",
"Genetic engineering techniques",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain",
"Reelin",
"Italy",
"Protoceratops",
"Light-emitting diode",
"Lipid signaling",
"Microtubule",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"African humid period",
"Gold",
"Endogenous retrovirus",
"BRCA1",
"Hydrothermal vent microbial communities",
"Bacterial genome",
"Artificial cell",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance",
"Functional magnetic resonance imaging",
"Women in science",
"Trichoplax",
"Melanoma",
"Bat",
"Alexandrium (dinoflagellate)",
"Helicase",
"Nepenthes rajah",
"Silver",
"Papua (province)",
"Polyadenylation",
"Omega-3 fatty acid",
"T cell",
"Spaces of test functions and distributions",
"Ichthyosauria",
"Human papillomavirus infection",
"Reptile",
"Electron",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Greece",
"Schizosaccharomyces pombe",
"Galileo project",
"Seaweed fertiliser",
"Fish",
"Ising model",
"Cyanothece",
"C++11",
"Antenna tuner",
"Antibiotic",
"Nuclear power",
"Survivin",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"List of Wild Cards characters",
"Honey",
"Membrane potential",
"Triple-stranded DNA",
"3D printing",
"Plasmid",
"Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1",
"Cro-Magnon",
"Adolescence",
"Pollen tube",
"Sense",
"Steppe eagle",
"Ferredoxin",
"Carbon nanotube",
"Interracial marriage",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"Tooth decay",
"Effects of climate change on agriculture",
"AI Mark VIII radar",
"Protein phosphorylation",
"Metalloid",
"Nucleomorph",
"American frontier",
"Anabolic steroid",
"Electrochemical gradient",
"Cellular differentiation",
"TMEM211",
"Glyphosate",
"Reindeer",
"River ecosystem",
"Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell",
"Fracking in the United States",
"English land law",
"Naturally occurring phenols",
"Supernova",
"Staining",
"Ethylene oxide",
"Fatty acid",
"Distribution (mathematics)",
"History of radar",
"Fusion power",
"Passenger pigeon",
"Ice drilling",
"KASUMI",
"Cornish Bronze Age",
"Concrete",
"Latin America",
"Desert",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Ethanol",
"2017 St. Louis Cardinals season",
"Utricularia",
"Western honey bee",
"AMP-activated protein kinase",
"European debt crisis",
"Amphetamine",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"Snowball Earth",
"Nanoparticle",
"History of France",
"Banana",
"Hepatitis",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Iron in biology",
"Octopus",
"Apicoplast",
"Internal combustion engine",
"Anaerobic digestion",
"Human digestive system",
"Lupus",
"Smartphone",
"Complete topological vector space",
"John von Neumann",
"Muscle contraction",
"Macrophage",
"Laser",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"History of women in the United States",
"Human mitochondrial genetics",
"Long non-coding RNA",
"List of The Shield characters",
"Calculus on Euclidean space",
"Coconut",
"Geometric algebra",
"Aspirin",
"Glucokinase",
"Evolutionary psychology",
"Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides",
"Sulfatide",
"Organic farming",
"Vitamin D",
"Dingo",
"Cnidaria",
"Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event",
"North Pacific right whale",
"Retina",
"Characters of the Metal Gear series",
"Spindle checkpoint",
"Manhattan Project",
"Chromoplast",
"Nannochloropsis",
"Unique properties of hyperthermophilic archaea",
"Scythians",
"Management of HIV/AIDS",
"Catenin beta-1",
"Aluminium",
"Protozoan infection",
"Bio-MEMS",
"Crassulacean acid metabolism",
"Nucleic acid tertiary structure",
"Transcriptional regulation",
"Thracian religion",
"Chalcogen",
"Sexuality in ancient Rome",
"Tomato",
"Arsenic biochemistry",
"Portugal",
"Nothing Records",
"History of science",
"Histone",
"Hypothetical types of biochemistry",
"List of Rurouni Kenshin characters",
"DNA damage theory of aging",
"Starfish",
"Sediment Profile Imagery",
"TRPV6",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"South African contract law",
"List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters",
"Riesz representation theorem",
"DNA vaccine",
"Active site",
"Intron",
"Cetacea",
"History of Speyer",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"Cerebellum",
"Transcriptomics technologies",
"Social media",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway",
"Thermoelectric materials",
"Economy of China",
"Yom Kippur War",
"Biodiversity",
"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"Ascomycota",
"Aquaculture",
"Characters of the Tekken series",
"Biological functions of nitric oxide",
"Space colonization",
"Huanjing bunao",
"Legionella pneumophila",
"Brown dwarf",
"Urban forestry",
"Helios",
"Type III secretion system",
"Gasoline",
"Research in lithium-ion batteries",
"Snake",
"Phacus",
"White dwarf",
"Hybrid electric vehicle",
"Stroke",
"Lithuania",
"Dolphin",
"Photosystem I",
"Future of Earth",
"Orientia tsutsugamushi",
"United States labor law",
"Hypercycle (chemistry)",
"Hubble Space Telescope",
"Taoism",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Camouflage",
"Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex",
"Toxoplasma gondii",
"Lake metabolism",
"New Mexico",
"Burst error-correcting code",
"Transformation (genetics)",
"Mammalian kidney",
"History of Palestine",
"Human iron metabolism",
"Cyanobacterial morphology",
"Proteomics",
"Ancient Carthage",
"Succinic acid",
"Dye-sensitized solar cell",
"Lithium",
"Hydrogen economy",
"Microplastics",
"Betelgeuse",
"Air pollution",
"Metal",
"Pharmacokinetics of estradiol",
"Gulf War",
"Attachment theory",
"Histone acetyltransferase",
"Proton pump",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Circular RNA",
"Ottoman architecture",
"Teloschistaceae",
"South African Border War",
"Mars",
"Hypoxia (medicine)",
"Extraterrestrial life",
"Kizil Caves",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency",
"Plant physiology",
"Helium",
"Galaxy",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Amino acid synthesis",
"List of Shaman King characters",
"Vaccine hesitancy",
"Soil respiration",
"Wedge-tailed eagle",
"Imperial examination",
"Evolution of cells",
"Bitumen",
"Ant",
"Phycocyanin",
"Short interspersed nuclear element",
"RNA therapeutics",
"Elevator",
"Specimens of Archaeopteryx",
"Stem cell",
"California",
"NF-κB",
"HIV/AIDS",
"Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma",
"Logistic regression",
"Replisome",
"Toxoplasmosis",
"Architecture of India",
"Colony collapse disorder",
"Monarch butterfly",
"Serbia in the Middle Ages",
"Austronesian peoples",
"Artificial gene synthesis",
"Steam locomotive",
"History of Beijing",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"Group (mathematics)",
"Green fluorescent protein",
"Radiation therapy",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Nuclear fuel cycle",
"Chromosome",
"Chromatin",
"Roman Republic",
"Ferredoxin—NADP(+) reductase",
"Tesla Autopilot",
"Television in the United States",
"History of science and technology in Japan",
"Sulfur assimilation",
"Invasive species",
"Durinskia",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Indo-Aryan migrations",
"Plasma cell dyscrasias",
"Fungicide use in the United States",
"Solar System",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Scuba diving",
"Innate immune system",
"Alcohol (drug)",
"Asteroid",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"BKL singularity",
"Everglades",
"Exponentiation",
"Malolactic fermentation",
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Oil sands",
"Protein moonlighting",
"History of painting",
"Magic square",
"Bioinformatics",
"Climate change mitigation",
"Marriage",
"Alfred Waterhouse"
] |
572957ad1d046914007792dc | Chloroplast | {
"en": "Somewhere around a billion years ago, a free-living cyanobacterium entered an early eukaryotic cell, either as food or as an internal parasite, but managed to escape the phagocytic vacuole it was contained in. The two innermost lipid-bilayer membranes that surround all chloroplasts correspond to the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium's gram negative cell wall, and not the phagosomal membrane from the host, which was probably lost. The new cellular resident quickly became an advantage, providing food for the eukaryotic host, which allowed it to live within it. Over time, the cyanobacterium was assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus of the host. Some of its proteins were then synthesized in the cytoplasm of the host cell, and imported back into the chloroplast (formerly the cyanobacterium).",
"hi": "कहीं एक बिलियन वर्ष पहले एक स्वतंत्र रहने वाले सैनॉबक्टिरियम ने एक पूर्व यूकार्योटिक कोशिका में चाहे भोजन के रूप में या एक परजीवी के रूप में प्रवेश किया, लेकिन फगोकयटिक वकोल, जो उसमें स्थित था, बचने का प्रबंध किया। दो अंतरतम लिपिड-बिलाएर मेम्ब्रेन जो पूर्वज साइनोबैक्टेरियम के ग्राम नकारात्मक कोशिका दीवार के अनुरूप सभी क्लोरोप्लास्ट को घेरती है, और मेजबान से फगोसोमल मेम्ब्रेन नहीं, जो संभवतः नष्ट हो गई थी। एक कोशिकामय निवासी शीघ्र ही यूकरयोटिक मेजबान जिसने इसको अंदर रहने की अनुमति दी थी, भोजन उपलब्ध कराकर अनुकूल हो गया। समय के बाद सैनॉबक्टिरियम आत्मसात हो गया, और इसके बहुत से जीन्स मेजबान के न्यूक्लियस में परिवर्तित या नष्ट हो गए। तब इसके कुछ प्रोटीन मेजबान कोशिका के साइटोप्लास्म में संश्लेषित हो गए और क्लोरोप्लास्ट में वापस आयात किये गए (पूर्व में सैनॉबक्टिरियम)।"
} | {
"en": "What kind of membrane came from the host?",
"hi": "मेजबान से किस प्रकार की मेम्ब्रेन आईं?"
} | {
"en": [
"phagosomal"
],
"hi": [
"फगोसोमल"
]
} | {
"en": [
398,
398,
398
],
"hi": [
361
]
} | [
"STEM.Biology",
"STEM.STEM*"
] | 29_university_professor_research | [
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"Chloroplast",
"Chloroplast DNA",
"Photosynthesis",
"Mitochondrion",
"Cyanobacteria",
"Biology",
"Thylakoid",
"List of populated places in Serbia (alphabetic)",
"Botany",
"Metabolism",
"Evolutionary history of plants",
"Marine microorganisms",
"Symbiogenesis",
"Marine life",
"DNA",
"History of life",
"Diatom",
"Plastid",
"Cell nucleus",
"Protein targeting",
"Evidence of common descent",
"Bacteria",
"Monotype typefaces",
"Oxidative phosphorylation",
"Archaea",
"Dinoflagellate",
"RuBisCO",
"Murine respirovirus",
"Magnesium in biology",
"Gene",
"Marine primary production",
"Actin",
"Abiogenesis",
"History of Earth",
"Nucleoid",
"Guillardia",
"Algae",
"Protein",
"Glycolysis",
"Epigenetics",
"Light-dependent reactions",
"Red algae",
"Chemiosmosis",
"Cell (biology)",
"Marine prokaryotes",
"Virus",
"C4 carbon fixation",
"ATP-binding cassette transporter",
"Constructive set theory",
"Lichen",
"Microbial metabolism",
"Phycodnaviridae",
"Mitochondrial DNA",
"Endosymbiont",
"Adenosine triphosphate",
"List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II",
"Endomembrane system",
"Homologous recombination",
"Glucose",
"Alkali metal",
"Skeletal muscle",
"Evolution",
"Cell membrane",
"Eukaryotic DNA replication",
"Fungus",
"Glossary of baseball terms",
"Ribosome",
"Lipid bilayer",
"Pyrenoid",
"N-Acylethanolamine",
"Synthetic biology",
"Leaf",
"RNA world",
"Drosophila melanogaster",
"Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis",
"Extrachromosomal DNA",
"Metal–organic framework",
"Human nutrition",
"Lipid",
"Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide",
"Health effects of electronic cigarettes",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"Magnetic sail",
"Graphene",
"Photorespiration",
"Gene expression",
"Archaeplastida",
"RNA interference",
"Soil",
"MicroRNA",
"Light in painting",
"Genetically modified organism",
"Byzantine text-type",
"Hemoglobin",
"Genetics",
"Electron transport chain",
"Reactive oxygen species",
"Symbiodinium",
"Iron",
"Carcinogenesis",
"Ozone",
"Helicobacter pylori",
"Human genome",
"Mustafa Shameel",
"Beta distribution",
"Bacterial cell structure",
"Gene mapping",
"Evolution of photosynthesis",
"Plant nutrition",
"Cathode-ray tube",
"Insect morphology",
"Vitamin A",
"Eukaryote",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499)",
"Thraustochytrids",
"Silicon",
"Enzyme",
"Oxygen",
"Nerve guidance conduit",
"Photosynthetic reaction centre",
"Biochemistry",
"Nuclear mitochondrial DNA segment",
"List of One Piece characters",
"Marine protists",
"Representation theory of finite groups",
"Neanderthal",
"List of Hunter × Hunter characters",
"DNA replication",
"Viscosity models for mixtures",
"Induced stem cells",
"Red blood cell",
"Permian–Triassic extinction event",
"Escherichia coli",
"Genetically modified crops",
"Thomas P. Stossel",
"Immune system",
"Biofilm",
"Starch",
"Biosynthesis",
"Carnivorous plant",
"RNA-directed DNA methylation",
"Cactus",
"Cell cycle",
"Arabidopsis thaliana",
"Artin transfer (group theory)",
"Amphibian",
"Index of biochemistry articles",
"HIV",
"Ecology",
"Influenza",
"Arbuscular mycorrhiza",
"Harmful algal bloom",
"Alternative abiogenesis scenarios",
"Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes",
"List of My Hero Academia characters",
"Magnesium transporter",
"Protein biosynthesis",
"Protists in the fossil record",
"Action potential",
"Tartan",
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Frog",
"Silver nanoparticle",
"Carbon dioxide",
"Development communication",
"Calvin cycle",
"History of chemistry",
"Cephalopod",
"DNA damage (naturally occurring)",
"Plant defense against herbivory",
"Supercapacitor",
"Evolution of sexual reproduction",
"Chromera velia",
"Fatty acid synthesis",
"Coral reef",
"Red imported fire ant",
"RNA",
"Classical Anatolia",
"Marine food web",
"Fatty acid metabolism",
"Proteasome",
"DNA sequencing",
"DNA methylation",
"Mammal",
"Insulin",
"Minimal genome",
"Periodic table",
"Rolling hairpin replication",
"Brown algae",
"Protocell",
"Non-canonical base pairing",
"Malaria",
"Ovarian cancer",
"Epitranscriptome",
"Bacterial motility",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of RNA biology",
"List of Naruto characters",
"Sponge",
"Respiratory system",
"Cat food",
"Lithium-ion battery",
"CRISPR",
"Amino acid",
"Ribosomal RNA",
"Genetically modified food controversies",
"Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster",
"Water",
"Nitrogen",
"History of the nude in art",
"Biological pump",
"Plant",
"List of Fairy Tail characters",
"Ammonia",
"Coccolithophore",
"Zinc",
"Antioxidant",
"Cystic fibrosis",
"Human brain",
"Physiological effects in space",
"Quantum biology",
"History of Australia",
"List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens",
"Cell biology",
"Ultraviolet",
"Chemotherapy",
"Lepidoptera",
"Water on Mars",
"European Union law",
"Photosystem",
"Dopamine",
"Smallpox",
"Cholesterol",
"Maize",
"Life",
"Imperial Roman army",
"Lead",
"Ubiquitin",
"Cultured meat",
"Domestication of the dog",
"Prokaryote",
"Plant evolutionary developmental biology",
"Cell wall",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Physiology of underwater diving",
"Chlorophyll",
"Logology (science)",
"CRISPR gene editing",
"Epstein–Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative diseases",
"Transfer RNA",
"Sea",
"Lepidodinium",
"International Space Station",
"Protein engineering",
"South African labour law",
"Respiratory complex I",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Gas exchange",
"Hummingbird",
"Planctomycetota",
"Bird",
"Cooper's hawk",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Signal transduction",
"Biosensor",
"Apoptosis",
"Heart",
"Transmission electron microscopy",
"Molecular evolution",
"Breastfeeding",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Mutation",
"Photoinhibition",
"Fine chemical",
"Lemur",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Sun",
"G-quadruplex",
"List of Garo characters",
"Genome",
"Xenon monochloride",
"Sulfur",
"Cancer epigenetics",
"Nutritional neuroscience",
"Beetle",
"Flavin adenine dinucleotide",
"Miscegenation",
"Protist locomotion",
"Natural product",
"DNA polymerase",
"Microorganism",
"Coral",
"Orchid mycorrhiza",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"ATP synthase",
"Protist",
"Transplastomic plant",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"Ocean acidification",
"Folding@home",
"Potential applications of graphene",
"Trace metal stable isotope biogeochemistry",
"Cellular respiration",
"Carotenoid",
"Biological pigment",
"Millennials",
"Cell growth",
"Stoma",
"History of evolutionary thought",
"Eukaryotic transcription",
"Neuron",
"Filters in topology",
"Epigenetics of physical exercise",
"Neptunium",
"Human evolution",
"Herpes simplex virus",
"Genetically modified food",
"Acorn Archimedes",
"Bryozoa",
"White-tailed eagle",
"Extended periodic table",
"Solar cell",
"Cocaine",
"Antibody",
"Photodynamic therapy",
"History of botany",
"Hypoxia in fish",
"Health effects of Bisphenol A",
"Photophosphorylation",
"List of Dragon Ball characters",
"Vitamin C",
"Acne",
"SNARE protein",
"Penicillin",
"Plasmodium falciparum",
"Joseph Lister",
"Institutional racism",
"Lyme disease",
"Cell signaling",
"Marine viruses",
"Cambrian explosion",
"Late Roman army",
"CYP4F2",
"Potato",
"Common ostrich",
"Maritime history of California",
"Christchurch Transport Board",
"Fluorescence",
"Clavier-Übung III",
"Plant disease resistance",
"Marine biogeochemical cycles",
"Tree",
"Carbon",
"Messenger RNA",
"Jellyfish",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
"Agriculture in California",
"Ebola",
"Bacterial microcompartment",
"Saccharomyces cerevisiae",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Dust astronomy",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Quantum dot",
"Horizontal gene transfer",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)",
"Arsenic",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
"Homeostasis",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Extreme ultraviolet lithography",
"Split gene theory",
"Perovskite solar cell",
"Flower",
"Planetary habitability",
"De novo gene birth",
"Dinosaur",
"G protein-coupled receptor",
"Ethnomusicology",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Diving rebreather",
"Actinide",
"Brain",
"Protein folding",
"Hydrothermal vent",
"Phagocyte",
"Tissue engineering",
"Gut microbiota",
"Vacuum tube",
"Adele ring",
"Pseudomonas aeruginosa",
"Cytosol",
"Uranium",
"Decompression theory",
"Enzyme inhibitor",
"Huntington's disease",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Augustin-Jean Fresnel",
"Capacitor",
"List of Fables characters",
"Thorium",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Protein–protein interaction",
"Plant hormone",
"Acid",
"Rare-earth element",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Organic solar cell",
"Green sulfur bacteria",
"Antimicrobial resistance",
"Red-tailed hawk",
"Semaglutide",
"Meiosis",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Vaucheria litorea",
"Circadian rhythm",
"Potential applications of carbon nanotubes",
"Quantitative genetics",
"Trypanosoma brucei",
"History of molecular biology",
"Lemniscate elliptic functions",
"Chlorine",
"Copper in biology",
"Carbon sequestration",
"Spacetime",
"COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea",
"Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome",
"Zero-point energy",
"GroEL",
"Apicomplexa",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (500–599)",
"Crocodilia",
"Bryopsis",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (300–399)",
"Dunaliella",
"Archaeal virus",
"Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa",
"Climate change in Washington",
"Genome editing",
"Memory",
"Expanded genetic code",
"Transcription (biology)",
"Lead poisoning",
"Anticancer gene",
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis",
"Plastid evolution",
"Phototaxis",
"Lung",
"Caenorhabditis elegans",
"History of Germany",
"Heavy water",
"O-GlcNAc",
"Atmosphere of Jupiter",
"Atom",
"Armies in the American Civil War",
"Heterologous expression",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Evolution of metal ions in biological systems",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"OLED",
"Hi-C (genomic analysis technique)",
"Lp space",
"Boron",
"RNA editing",
"Great Oxidation Event",
"Nervous system",
"Horse colic",
"Woolly mammoth",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere",
"Francis Crick",
"Filter (set theory)",
"US FWS Charles H. Gilbert",
"Ectomycorrhiza",
"Serpin",
"X-ray crystallography",
"Mitosis",
"Soybean",
"Narcissus (plant)",
"Long-eared owl",
"South African criminal law",
"Kinetic isotope effect",
"High-performance liquid chromatography",
"Preimplantation genetic diagnosis",
"Ozone depletion",
"Microbial genetics",
"DNA nanotechnology",
"Cholestasis",
"Active transport",
"Liquid crystal",
"Life on Mars",
"Autophagy",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Genetic studies on Jews",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Origin of replication",
"Artificial photosynthesis",
"Chloroplast membrane",
"Introduction to viruses",
"Index of biology articles",
"Plastic pollution",
"Fish anatomy",
"Lanthanide",
"Pterosaur",
"Argon compounds",
"Physiology of decompression",
"Networked advocacy",
"Well-being contributing factors",
"Bivalvia",
"Tang dynasty",
"List of Plasmodium species",
"Chlororespiration",
"Marine plastic pollution",
"Onychophora",
"History of Detroit",
"Ocean",
"Serotonin",
"Ellipse",
"Gene therapy",
"Endoplasmic reticulum",
"Biodiesel",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (200–299)",
"Diamond",
"Plutonium",
"Snowy owl",
"Hydrogen storage",
"Translation (biology)",
"Penal Code (Malaysia)",
"Perlecan",
"Dipshikha Chakravortty",
"Organ-on-a-chip",
"Hydrogen",
"Cytoskeleton",
"Fuel cell",
"Vitamin B12",
"Nuclear weapon design",
"Histone acetylation and deacetylation",
"Chiapas",
"Radar in World War II",
"White wine",
"Papillomaviridae",
"Spider",
"Fluorine",
"Systems of social stratification",
"Earth",
"Infection",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"P-type ATPase",
"Evolution of the wolf",
"Chemical reaction",
"CSNK1D",
"Arsenic poisoning",
"History of Austria",
"Taste",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Human genetic resistance to malaria",
"Recent human evolution",
"Deep biosphere",
"Source attribution",
"Ctenophora",
"Professional wrestling match types",
"Parasitism",
"Marine sediment",
"Seed",
"Star",
"Mitochondrial matrix",
"Field electron emission",
"History of Cumbria",
"Aphid",
"Origin of language",
"Dry suit",
"Properties of water",
"Manganese",
"Breast cancer",
"Value-form",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Digestion",
"Plastid terminal oxidase",
"Vectors in gene therapy",
"Human",
"List of Denver landmarks",
"Selenium",
"Titan (moon)",
"Phosphorus",
"Genome size",
"Copper",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Vilnius",
"LSm",
"Moss",
"Southern bluefin tuna",
"Mineral",
"French Resistance",
"Riftia",
"Green algae",
"Atmosphere of Venus",
"Cattle",
"Climate change",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Chromium",
"Selfish genetic element",
"Electrochemistry",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"DNA barcoding",
"Silviculture",
"Chlamydomonas nivalis",
"Chronology of the universe",
"Beggiatoa",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Moon",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Particulates",
"Rebreather diving",
"Carboxysome",
"Addiction",
"Metalloprotein",
"Fish physiology",
"Trebouxia",
"Sustainable fashion",
"List of Dutch discoveries",
"Yeast",
"Insect",
"Coronavirus",
"Non-coding RNA",
"Adaptive immune system",
"Flagellum",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Fluorescent lamp",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Women in Islam",
"Xerophyte",
"Cannabis cultivation",
"Quorum sensing",
"Radiocarbon dating",
"Superlens",
"History of Tunisia",
"MTORC1",
"Biomolecular engineering",
"Photosynthetic efficiency",
"Zebrafish",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"Invasion (cancer)",
"Thin-film solar cell",
"Reactive oxygen species production in marine microalgae",
"Evolution of insects",
"Nuclear winter",
"Tumor hypoxia",
"Corgi Toys",
"Religion in China",
"Seagrass",
"Uranium mining",
"Lipopolysaccharide",
"Beluga whale",
"History of biology",
"Tyrannosaurus",
"Hyperbola",
"Melioidosis",
"Microvesicle",
"BC-007",
"Genetic engineering techniques",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain",
"Reelin",
"Italy",
"Protoceratops",
"Light-emitting diode",
"Lipid signaling",
"Microtubule",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"African humid period",
"Gold",
"Endogenous retrovirus",
"BRCA1",
"Hydrothermal vent microbial communities",
"Bacterial genome",
"Artificial cell",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance",
"Functional magnetic resonance imaging",
"Women in science",
"Trichoplax",
"Melanoma",
"Bat",
"Alexandrium (dinoflagellate)",
"Helicase",
"Nepenthes rajah",
"Silver",
"Papua (province)",
"Polyadenylation",
"Omega-3 fatty acid",
"T cell",
"Spaces of test functions and distributions",
"Ichthyosauria",
"Human papillomavirus infection",
"Reptile",
"Electron",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Greece",
"Schizosaccharomyces pombe",
"Galileo project",
"Seaweed fertiliser",
"Fish",
"Ising model",
"Cyanothece",
"C++11",
"Antenna tuner",
"Antibiotic",
"Nuclear power",
"Survivin",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"List of Wild Cards characters",
"Honey",
"Membrane potential",
"Triple-stranded DNA",
"3D printing",
"Plasmid",
"Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1",
"Cro-Magnon",
"Adolescence",
"Pollen tube",
"Sense",
"Steppe eagle",
"Ferredoxin",
"Carbon nanotube",
"Interracial marriage",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"Tooth decay",
"Effects of climate change on agriculture",
"AI Mark VIII radar",
"Protein phosphorylation",
"Metalloid",
"Nucleomorph",
"American frontier",
"Anabolic steroid",
"Electrochemical gradient",
"Cellular differentiation",
"TMEM211",
"Glyphosate",
"Reindeer",
"River ecosystem",
"Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell",
"Fracking in the United States",
"English land law",
"Naturally occurring phenols",
"Supernova",
"Staining",
"Ethylene oxide",
"Fatty acid",
"Distribution (mathematics)",
"History of radar",
"Fusion power",
"Passenger pigeon",
"Ice drilling",
"KASUMI",
"Cornish Bronze Age",
"Concrete",
"Latin America",
"Desert",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Ethanol",
"2017 St. Louis Cardinals season",
"Utricularia",
"Western honey bee",
"AMP-activated protein kinase",
"European debt crisis",
"Amphetamine",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"Snowball Earth",
"Nanoparticle",
"History of France",
"Banana",
"Hepatitis",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Iron in biology",
"Octopus",
"Apicoplast",
"Internal combustion engine",
"Anaerobic digestion",
"Human digestive system",
"Lupus",
"Smartphone",
"Complete topological vector space",
"John von Neumann",
"Muscle contraction",
"Macrophage",
"Laser",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"History of women in the United States",
"Human mitochondrial genetics",
"Long non-coding RNA",
"List of The Shield characters",
"Calculus on Euclidean space",
"Coconut",
"Geometric algebra",
"Aspirin",
"Glucokinase",
"Evolutionary psychology",
"Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides",
"Sulfatide",
"Organic farming",
"Vitamin D",
"Dingo",
"Cnidaria",
"Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event",
"North Pacific right whale",
"Retina",
"Characters of the Metal Gear series",
"Spindle checkpoint",
"Manhattan Project",
"Chromoplast",
"Nannochloropsis",
"Unique properties of hyperthermophilic archaea",
"Scythians",
"Management of HIV/AIDS",
"Catenin beta-1",
"Aluminium",
"Protozoan infection",
"Bio-MEMS",
"Crassulacean acid metabolism",
"Nucleic acid tertiary structure",
"Transcriptional regulation",
"Thracian religion",
"Chalcogen",
"Sexuality in ancient Rome",
"Tomato",
"Arsenic biochemistry",
"Portugal",
"Nothing Records",
"History of science",
"Histone",
"Hypothetical types of biochemistry",
"List of Rurouni Kenshin characters",
"DNA damage theory of aging",
"Starfish",
"Sediment Profile Imagery",
"TRPV6",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"South African contract law",
"List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters",
"Riesz representation theorem",
"DNA vaccine",
"Active site",
"Intron",
"Cetacea",
"History of Speyer",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"Cerebellum",
"Transcriptomics technologies",
"Social media",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway",
"Thermoelectric materials",
"Economy of China",
"Yom Kippur War",
"Biodiversity",
"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"Ascomycota",
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"Orientia tsutsugamushi",
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"Toxoplasma gondii",
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572957ad1d046914007792dd | Chloroplast | {
"en": "Somewhere around a billion years ago, a free-living cyanobacterium entered an early eukaryotic cell, either as food or as an internal parasite, but managed to escape the phagocytic vacuole it was contained in. The two innermost lipid-bilayer membranes that surround all chloroplasts correspond to the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium's gram negative cell wall, and not the phagosomal membrane from the host, which was probably lost. The new cellular resident quickly became an advantage, providing food for the eukaryotic host, which allowed it to live within it. Over time, the cyanobacterium was assimilated, and many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus of the host. Some of its proteins were then synthesized in the cytoplasm of the host cell, and imported back into the chloroplast (formerly the cyanobacterium).",
"hi": "कहीं एक बिलियन वर्ष पहले एक स्वतंत्र रहने वाले सैनॉबक्टिरियम ने एक पूर्व यूकार्योटिक कोशिका में चाहे भोजन के रूप में या एक परजीवी के रूप में प्रवेश किया, लेकिन फगोकयटिक वकोल, जो उसमें स्थित था, बचने का प्रबंध किया। दो अंतरतम लिपिड-बिलाएर मेम्ब्रेन जो पूर्वज साइनोबैक्टेरियम के ग्राम नकारात्मक कोशिका दीवार के अनुरूप सभी क्लोरोप्लास्ट को घेरती है, और मेजबान से फगोसोमल मेम्ब्रेन नहीं, जो संभवतः नष्ट हो गई थी। एक कोशिकामय निवासी शीघ्र ही यूकरयोटिक मेजबान जिसने इसको अंदर रहने की अनुमति दी थी, भोजन उपलब्ध कराकर अनुकूल हो गया। समय के बाद सैनॉबक्टिरियम आत्मसात हो गया, और इसके बहुत से जीन्स मेजबान के न्यूक्लियस में परिवर्तित या नष्ट हो गए। तब इसके कुछ प्रोटीन मेजबान कोशिका के साइटोप्लास्म में संश्लेषित हो गए और क्लोरोप्लास्ट में वापस आयात किये गए (पूर्व में सैनॉबक्टिरियम)।"
} | {
"en": "What happened when cyanobacteria was assimilated?",
"hi": "जब सैनॉबक्टिरिया आत्मसात हो गया तो क्या हुआ?"
} | {
"en": [
"many of its genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus of the host"
],
"hi": [
"इसके बहुत से जीन्स मेजबान के न्यूक्लियस में परिवर्तित या नष्ट हो गए"
]
} | {
"en": [
640,
640,
640
],
"hi": [
570
]
} | [
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] |
5729582b1d046914007792e3 | Chloroplast | {
"en": "These chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids (\"plastid\" in this context means almost the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three chloroplast lineages—the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage, the rhodophyte, or red algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage. The second two are the largest, and the green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants.",
"hi": "ये क्लोरोप्लास्ट, जो एक सायनोबैक्टिरियल पूर्वज में प्रत्यक्षतः पता लगाए जा सकते हैं, प्राथमिक प्लास्टिडस ( इस संदर्भ में “प्लास्टिड” का अर्थ लगभग वही चीज है जो क्लोरोप्लास्ट है) के रूप में जाने जाते हैं। सभी प्राथमिक क्लोरोप्लास्टस तीन में से एक क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली – ग्लूकोफीट क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली, रहोडोफाइट, या लाल शैवाल क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली या क्लोरोप्लास्टिडन, या हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली से संबंधित हैं। दूसरे दो सबसे बड़े हैं, और हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली वह है जो भूमि के पौधों को धारण करती है।"
} | {
"en": "What does 'plastid' mean?",
"hi": "'प्लास्टिड' का क्या अर्थ है?"
} | {
"en": [
"almost the same thing as chloroplast"
],
"hi": [
"क्लोरोप्लास्ट"
]
} | {
"en": [
147,
172,
172
],
"hi": [
161
]
} | [
"STEM.Biology",
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"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
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"List of Fables characters",
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"Semaglutide",
"Meiosis",
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"Vaucheria litorea",
"Circadian rhythm",
"Potential applications of carbon nanotubes",
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"Copper in biology",
"Carbon sequestration",
"Spacetime",
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"Apicomplexa",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (500–599)",
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"Bryopsis",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (300–399)",
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"Archaeal virus",
"Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa",
"Climate change in Washington",
"Genome editing",
"Memory",
"Expanded genetic code",
"Transcription (biology)",
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"Anticancer gene",
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis",
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"Lung",
"Caenorhabditis elegans",
"History of Germany",
"Heavy water",
"O-GlcNAc",
"Atmosphere of Jupiter",
"Atom",
"Armies in the American Civil War",
"Heterologous expression",
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"Evolution of metal ions in biological systems",
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"OLED",
"Hi-C (genomic analysis technique)",
"Lp space",
"Boron",
"RNA editing",
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"Nervous system",
"Horse colic",
"Woolly mammoth",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere",
"Francis Crick",
"Filter (set theory)",
"US FWS Charles H. Gilbert",
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"Serpin",
"X-ray crystallography",
"Mitosis",
"Soybean",
"Narcissus (plant)",
"Long-eared owl",
"South African criminal law",
"Kinetic isotope effect",
"High-performance liquid chromatography",
"Preimplantation genetic diagnosis",
"Ozone depletion",
"Microbial genetics",
"DNA nanotechnology",
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"Active transport",
"Liquid crystal",
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"Tang dynasty",
"List of Plasmodium species",
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"Ellipse",
"Gene therapy",
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"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (200–299)",
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"Plutonium",
"Snowy owl",
"Hydrogen storage",
"Translation (biology)",
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"Perlecan",
"Dipshikha Chakravortty",
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"Hydrogen",
"Cytoskeleton",
"Fuel cell",
"Vitamin B12",
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] |
5729582b1d046914007792e4 | Chloroplast | {
"en": "These chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids (\"plastid\" in this context means almost the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three chloroplast lineages—the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage, the rhodophyte, or red algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage. The second two are the largest, and the green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants.",
"hi": "ये क्लोरोप्लास्ट, जो एक सायनोबैक्टिरियल पूर्वज में प्रत्यक्षतः पता लगाए जा सकते हैं, प्राथमिक प्लास्टिडस ( इस संदर्भ में “प्लास्टिड” का अर्थ लगभग वही चीज है जो क्लोरोप्लास्ट है) के रूप में जाने जाते हैं। सभी प्राथमिक क्लोरोप्लास्टस तीन में से एक क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली – ग्लूकोफीट क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली, रहोडोफाइट, या लाल शैवाल क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली या क्लोरोप्लास्टिडन, या हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली से संबंधित हैं। दूसरे दो सबसे बड़े हैं, और हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली वह है जो भूमि के पौधों को धारण करती है।"
} | {
"en": "How many chloroplast lineages are there?",
"hi": "क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावलियां कितनी हैं?"
} | {
"en": [
"three"
],
"hi": [
"तीन"
]
} | {
"en": [
228,
228,
228
],
"hi": [
233
]
} | [
"STEM.Biology",
"STEM.STEM*"
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"Thylakoid",
"List of populated places in Serbia (alphabetic)",
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"RNA world",
"Drosophila melanogaster",
"Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis",
"Extrachromosomal DNA",
"Metal–organic framework",
"Human nutrition",
"Lipid",
"Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide",
"Health effects of electronic cigarettes",
"List of Supernatural and The Winchesters characters",
"Magnetic sail",
"Graphene",
"Photorespiration",
"Gene expression",
"Archaeplastida",
"RNA interference",
"Soil",
"MicroRNA",
"Light in painting",
"Genetically modified organism",
"Byzantine text-type",
"Hemoglobin",
"Genetics",
"Electron transport chain",
"Reactive oxygen species",
"Symbiodinium",
"Iron",
"Carcinogenesis",
"Ozone",
"Helicobacter pylori",
"Human genome",
"Mustafa Shameel",
"Beta distribution",
"Bacterial cell structure",
"Gene mapping",
"Evolution of photosynthesis",
"Plant nutrition",
"Cathode-ray tube",
"Insect morphology",
"Vitamin A",
"Eukaryote",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499)",
"Thraustochytrids",
"Silicon",
"Enzyme",
"Oxygen",
"Nerve guidance conduit",
"Photosynthetic reaction centre",
"Biochemistry",
"Nuclear mitochondrial DNA segment",
"List of One Piece characters",
"Marine protists",
"Representation theory of finite groups",
"Neanderthal",
"List of Hunter × Hunter characters",
"DNA replication",
"Viscosity models for mixtures",
"Induced stem cells",
"Red blood cell",
"Permian–Triassic extinction event",
"Escherichia coli",
"Genetically modified crops",
"Thomas P. Stossel",
"Immune system",
"Biofilm",
"Starch",
"Biosynthesis",
"Carnivorous plant",
"RNA-directed DNA methylation",
"Cactus",
"Cell cycle",
"Arabidopsis thaliana",
"Artin transfer (group theory)",
"Amphibian",
"Index of biochemistry articles",
"HIV",
"Ecology",
"Influenza",
"Arbuscular mycorrhiza",
"Harmful algal bloom",
"Alternative abiogenesis scenarios",
"Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes",
"List of My Hero Academia characters",
"Magnesium transporter",
"Protein biosynthesis",
"Protists in the fossil record",
"Action potential",
"Tartan",
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Frog",
"Silver nanoparticle",
"Carbon dioxide",
"Development communication",
"Calvin cycle",
"History of chemistry",
"Cephalopod",
"DNA damage (naturally occurring)",
"Plant defense against herbivory",
"Supercapacitor",
"Evolution of sexual reproduction",
"Chromera velia",
"Fatty acid synthesis",
"Coral reef",
"Red imported fire ant",
"RNA",
"Classical Anatolia",
"Marine food web",
"Fatty acid metabolism",
"Proteasome",
"DNA sequencing",
"DNA methylation",
"Mammal",
"Insulin",
"Minimal genome",
"Periodic table",
"Rolling hairpin replication",
"Brown algae",
"Protocell",
"Non-canonical base pairing",
"Malaria",
"Ovarian cancer",
"Epitranscriptome",
"Bacterial motility",
"Chernobyl disaster",
"History of RNA biology",
"List of Naruto characters",
"Sponge",
"Respiratory system",
"Cat food",
"Lithium-ion battery",
"CRISPR",
"Amino acid",
"Ribosomal RNA",
"Genetically modified food controversies",
"Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster",
"Water",
"Nitrogen",
"History of the nude in art",
"Biological pump",
"Plant",
"List of Fairy Tail characters",
"Ammonia",
"Coccolithophore",
"Zinc",
"Antioxidant",
"Cystic fibrosis",
"Human brain",
"Physiological effects in space",
"Quantum biology",
"History of Australia",
"List of Doctor Who universe creatures and aliens",
"Cell biology",
"Ultraviolet",
"Chemotherapy",
"Lepidoptera",
"Water on Mars",
"European Union law",
"Photosystem",
"Dopamine",
"Smallpox",
"Cholesterol",
"Maize",
"Life",
"Imperial Roman army",
"Lead",
"Ubiquitin",
"Cultured meat",
"Domestication of the dog",
"Prokaryote",
"Plant evolutionary developmental biology",
"Cell wall",
"List of Pokémon anime characters",
"Physiology of underwater diving",
"Chlorophyll",
"Logology (science)",
"CRISPR gene editing",
"Epstein–Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative diseases",
"Transfer RNA",
"Sea",
"Lepidodinium",
"International Space Station",
"Protein engineering",
"South African labour law",
"Respiratory complex I",
"The Dresden Files characters",
"Gas exchange",
"Hummingbird",
"Planctomycetota",
"Bird",
"Cooper's hawk",
"Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350",
"Signal transduction",
"Biosensor",
"Apoptosis",
"Heart",
"Transmission electron microscopy",
"Molecular evolution",
"Breastfeeding",
"Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)",
"Mutation",
"Photoinhibition",
"Fine chemical",
"Lemur",
"Economic history of the United States",
"Sun",
"G-quadruplex",
"List of Garo characters",
"Genome",
"Xenon monochloride",
"Sulfur",
"Cancer epigenetics",
"Nutritional neuroscience",
"Beetle",
"Flavin adenine dinucleotide",
"Miscegenation",
"Protist locomotion",
"Natural product",
"DNA polymerase",
"Microorganism",
"Coral",
"Orchid mycorrhiza",
"History of Eglin Air Force Base",
"ATP synthase",
"Protist",
"Transplastomic plant",
"Native Americans in the United States",
"Ocean acidification",
"Folding@home",
"Potential applications of graphene",
"Trace metal stable isotope biogeochemistry",
"Cellular respiration",
"Carotenoid",
"Biological pigment",
"Millennials",
"Cell growth",
"Stoma",
"History of evolutionary thought",
"Eukaryotic transcription",
"Neuron",
"Filters in topology",
"Epigenetics of physical exercise",
"Neptunium",
"Human evolution",
"Herpes simplex virus",
"Genetically modified food",
"Acorn Archimedes",
"Bryozoa",
"White-tailed eagle",
"Extended periodic table",
"Solar cell",
"Cocaine",
"Antibody",
"Photodynamic therapy",
"History of botany",
"Hypoxia in fish",
"Health effects of Bisphenol A",
"Photophosphorylation",
"List of Dragon Ball characters",
"Vitamin C",
"Acne",
"SNARE protein",
"Penicillin",
"Plasmodium falciparum",
"Joseph Lister",
"Institutional racism",
"Lyme disease",
"Cell signaling",
"Marine viruses",
"Cambrian explosion",
"Late Roman army",
"CYP4F2",
"Potato",
"Common ostrich",
"Maritime history of California",
"Christchurch Transport Board",
"Fluorescence",
"Clavier-Übung III",
"Plant disease resistance",
"Marine biogeochemical cycles",
"Tree",
"Carbon",
"Messenger RNA",
"Jellyfish",
"Electronic cigarette and e-cigarette liquid marketing",
"Agriculture in California",
"Ebola",
"Bacterial microcompartment",
"Saccharomyces cerevisiae",
"List of Assassin's Creed characters",
"Dust astronomy",
"History of science and technology in Africa",
"Quantum dot",
"Horizontal gene transfer",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–1959)",
"Arsenic",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1960–1969)",
"Homeostasis",
"Economic history of the United Kingdom",
"Extreme ultraviolet lithography",
"Split gene theory",
"Perovskite solar cell",
"Flower",
"Planetary habitability",
"De novo gene birth",
"Dinosaur",
"G protein-coupled receptor",
"Ethnomusicology",
"Slavery in ancient Rome",
"Diving rebreather",
"Actinide",
"Brain",
"Protein folding",
"Hydrothermal vent",
"Phagocyte",
"Tissue engineering",
"Gut microbiota",
"Vacuum tube",
"Adele ring",
"Pseudomonas aeruginosa",
"Cytosol",
"Uranium",
"Decompression theory",
"Enzyme inhibitor",
"Huntington's disease",
"List of Dutch inventions and innovations",
"Augustin-Jean Fresnel",
"Capacitor",
"List of Fables characters",
"Thorium",
"Iran–Iraq War",
"Protein–protein interaction",
"Plant hormone",
"Acid",
"Rare-earth element",
"Persecution of Christians",
"Organic solar cell",
"Green sulfur bacteria",
"Antimicrobial resistance",
"Red-tailed hawk",
"Semaglutide",
"Meiosis",
"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020",
"Vaucheria litorea",
"Circadian rhythm",
"Potential applications of carbon nanotubes",
"Quantitative genetics",
"Trypanosoma brucei",
"History of molecular biology",
"Lemniscate elliptic functions",
"Chlorine",
"Copper in biology",
"Carbon sequestration",
"Spacetime",
"COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea",
"Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome",
"Zero-point energy",
"GroEL",
"Apicomplexa",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (500–599)",
"Crocodilia",
"Bryopsis",
"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (300–399)",
"Dunaliella",
"Archaeal virus",
"Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa",
"Climate change in Washington",
"Genome editing",
"Memory",
"Expanded genetic code",
"Transcription (biology)",
"Lead poisoning",
"Anticancer gene",
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis",
"Plastid evolution",
"Phototaxis",
"Lung",
"Caenorhabditis elegans",
"History of Germany",
"Heavy water",
"O-GlcNAc",
"Atmosphere of Jupiter",
"Atom",
"Armies in the American Civil War",
"Heterologous expression",
"Industrial Revolution",
"Evolution of metal ions in biological systems",
"Subprime mortgage crisis",
"OLED",
"Hi-C (genomic analysis technique)",
"Lp space",
"Boron",
"RNA editing",
"Great Oxidation Event",
"Nervous system",
"Horse colic",
"Woolly mammoth",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere",
"Francis Crick",
"Filter (set theory)",
"US FWS Charles H. Gilbert",
"Ectomycorrhiza",
"Serpin",
"X-ray crystallography",
"Mitosis",
"Soybean",
"Narcissus (plant)",
"Long-eared owl",
"South African criminal law",
"Kinetic isotope effect",
"High-performance liquid chromatography",
"Preimplantation genetic diagnosis",
"Ozone depletion",
"Microbial genetics",
"DNA nanotechnology",
"Cholestasis",
"Active transport",
"Liquid crystal",
"Life on Mars",
"Autophagy",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
"Genetic studies on Jews",
"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
"Origin of replication",
"Artificial photosynthesis",
"Chloroplast membrane",
"Introduction to viruses",
"Index of biology articles",
"Plastic pollution",
"Fish anatomy",
"Lanthanide",
"Pterosaur",
"Argon compounds",
"Physiology of decompression",
"Networked advocacy",
"Well-being contributing factors",
"Bivalvia",
"Tang dynasty",
"List of Plasmodium species",
"Chlororespiration",
"Marine plastic pollution",
"Onychophora",
"History of Detroit",
"Ocean",
"Serotonin",
"Ellipse",
"Gene therapy",
"Endoplasmic reticulum",
"Biodiesel",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (200–299)",
"Diamond",
"Plutonium",
"Snowy owl",
"Hydrogen storage",
"Translation (biology)",
"Penal Code (Malaysia)",
"Perlecan",
"Dipshikha Chakravortty",
"Organ-on-a-chip",
"Hydrogen",
"Cytoskeleton",
"Fuel cell",
"Vitamin B12",
"Nuclear weapon design",
"Histone acetylation and deacetylation",
"Chiapas",
"Radar in World War II",
"White wine",
"Papillomaviridae",
"Spider",
"Fluorine",
"Systems of social stratification",
"Earth",
"Infection",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"P-type ATPase",
"Evolution of the wolf",
"Chemical reaction",
"CSNK1D",
"Arsenic poisoning",
"History of Austria",
"Taste",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Human genetic resistance to malaria",
"Recent human evolution",
"Deep biosphere",
"Source attribution",
"Ctenophora",
"Professional wrestling match types",
"Parasitism",
"Marine sediment",
"Seed",
"Star",
"Mitochondrial matrix",
"Field electron emission",
"History of Cumbria",
"Aphid",
"Origin of language",
"Dry suit",
"Properties of water",
"Manganese",
"Breast cancer",
"Value-form",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Digestion",
"Plastid terminal oxidase",
"Vectors in gene therapy",
"Human",
"List of Denver landmarks",
"Selenium",
"Titan (moon)",
"Phosphorus",
"Genome size",
"Copper",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Vilnius",
"LSm",
"Moss",
"Southern bluefin tuna",
"Mineral",
"French Resistance",
"Riftia",
"Green algae",
"Atmosphere of Venus",
"Cattle",
"Climate change",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Chromium",
"Selfish genetic element",
"Electrochemistry",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"DNA barcoding",
"Silviculture",
"Chlamydomonas nivalis",
"Chronology of the universe",
"Beggiatoa",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Moon",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Particulates",
"Rebreather diving",
"Carboxysome",
"Addiction",
"Metalloprotein",
"Fish physiology",
"Trebouxia",
"Sustainable fashion",
"List of Dutch discoveries",
"Yeast",
"Insect",
"Coronavirus",
"Non-coding RNA",
"Adaptive immune system",
"Flagellum",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Fluorescent lamp",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Women in Islam",
"Xerophyte",
"Cannabis cultivation",
"Quorum sensing",
"Radiocarbon dating",
"Superlens",
"History of Tunisia",
"MTORC1",
"Biomolecular engineering",
"Photosynthetic efficiency",
"Zebrafish",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"Invasion (cancer)",
"Thin-film solar cell",
"Reactive oxygen species production in marine microalgae",
"Evolution of insects",
"Nuclear winter",
"Tumor hypoxia",
"Corgi Toys",
"Religion in China",
"Seagrass",
"Uranium mining",
"Lipopolysaccharide",
"Beluga whale",
"History of biology",
"Tyrannosaurus",
"Hyperbola",
"Melioidosis",
"Microvesicle",
"BC-007",
"Genetic engineering techniques",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain",
"Reelin",
"Italy",
"Protoceratops",
"Light-emitting diode",
"Lipid signaling",
"Microtubule",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"African humid period",
"Gold",
"Endogenous retrovirus",
"BRCA1",
"Hydrothermal vent microbial communities",
"Bacterial genome",
"Artificial cell",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance",
"Functional magnetic resonance imaging",
"Women in science",
"Trichoplax",
"Melanoma",
"Bat",
"Alexandrium (dinoflagellate)",
"Helicase",
"Nepenthes rajah",
"Silver",
"Papua (province)",
"Polyadenylation",
"Omega-3 fatty acid",
"T cell",
"Spaces of test functions and distributions",
"Ichthyosauria",
"Human papillomavirus infection",
"Reptile",
"Electron",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Greece",
"Schizosaccharomyces pombe",
"Galileo project",
"Seaweed fertiliser",
"Fish",
"Ising model",
"Cyanothece",
"C++11",
"Antenna tuner",
"Antibiotic",
"Nuclear power",
"Survivin",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"List of Wild Cards characters",
"Honey",
"Membrane potential",
"Triple-stranded DNA",
"3D printing",
"Plasmid",
"Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1",
"Cro-Magnon",
"Adolescence",
"Pollen tube",
"Sense",
"Steppe eagle",
"Ferredoxin",
"Carbon nanotube",
"Interracial marriage",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"Tooth decay",
"Effects of climate change on agriculture",
"AI Mark VIII radar",
"Protein phosphorylation",
"Metalloid",
"Nucleomorph",
"American frontier",
"Anabolic steroid",
"Electrochemical gradient",
"Cellular differentiation",
"TMEM211",
"Glyphosate",
"Reindeer",
"River ecosystem",
"Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell",
"Fracking in the United States",
"English land law",
"Naturally occurring phenols",
"Supernova",
"Staining",
"Ethylene oxide",
"Fatty acid",
"Distribution (mathematics)",
"History of radar",
"Fusion power",
"Passenger pigeon",
"Ice drilling",
"KASUMI",
"Cornish Bronze Age",
"Concrete",
"Latin America",
"Desert",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Ethanol",
"2017 St. Louis Cardinals season",
"Utricularia",
"Western honey bee",
"AMP-activated protein kinase",
"European debt crisis",
"Amphetamine",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"Snowball Earth",
"Nanoparticle",
"History of France",
"Banana",
"Hepatitis",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Iron in biology",
"Octopus",
"Apicoplast",
"Internal combustion engine",
"Anaerobic digestion",
"Human digestive system",
"Lupus",
"Smartphone",
"Complete topological vector space",
"John von Neumann",
"Muscle contraction",
"Macrophage",
"Laser",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"History of women in the United States",
"Human mitochondrial genetics",
"Long non-coding RNA",
"List of The Shield characters",
"Calculus on Euclidean space",
"Coconut",
"Geometric algebra",
"Aspirin",
"Glucokinase",
"Evolutionary psychology",
"Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides",
"Sulfatide",
"Organic farming",
"Vitamin D",
"Dingo",
"Cnidaria",
"Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event",
"North Pacific right whale",
"Retina",
"Characters of the Metal Gear series",
"Spindle checkpoint",
"Manhattan Project",
"Chromoplast",
"Nannochloropsis",
"Unique properties of hyperthermophilic archaea",
"Scythians",
"Management of HIV/AIDS",
"Catenin beta-1",
"Aluminium",
"Protozoan infection",
"Bio-MEMS",
"Crassulacean acid metabolism",
"Nucleic acid tertiary structure",
"Transcriptional regulation",
"Thracian religion",
"Chalcogen",
"Sexuality in ancient Rome",
"Tomato",
"Arsenic biochemistry",
"Portugal",
"Nothing Records",
"History of science",
"Histone",
"Hypothetical types of biochemistry",
"List of Rurouni Kenshin characters",
"DNA damage theory of aging",
"Starfish",
"Sediment Profile Imagery",
"TRPV6",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"South African contract law",
"List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters",
"Riesz representation theorem",
"DNA vaccine",
"Active site",
"Intron",
"Cetacea",
"History of Speyer",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"Cerebellum",
"Transcriptomics technologies",
"Social media",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway",
"Thermoelectric materials",
"Economy of China",
"Yom Kippur War",
"Biodiversity",
"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"Ascomycota",
"Aquaculture",
"Characters of the Tekken series",
"Biological functions of nitric oxide",
"Space colonization",
"Huanjing bunao",
"Legionella pneumophila",
"Brown dwarf",
"Urban forestry",
"Helios",
"Type III secretion system",
"Gasoline",
"Research in lithium-ion batteries",
"Snake",
"Phacus",
"White dwarf",
"Hybrid electric vehicle",
"Stroke",
"Lithuania",
"Dolphin",
"Photosystem I",
"Future of Earth",
"Orientia tsutsugamushi",
"United States labor law",
"Hypercycle (chemistry)",
"Hubble Space Telescope",
"Taoism",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Camouflage",
"Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex",
"Toxoplasma gondii",
"Lake metabolism",
"New Mexico",
"Burst error-correcting code",
"Transformation (genetics)",
"Mammalian kidney",
"History of Palestine",
"Human iron metabolism",
"Cyanobacterial morphology",
"Proteomics",
"Ancient Carthage",
"Succinic acid",
"Dye-sensitized solar cell",
"Lithium",
"Hydrogen economy",
"Microplastics",
"Betelgeuse",
"Air pollution",
"Metal",
"Pharmacokinetics of estradiol",
"Gulf War",
"Attachment theory",
"Histone acetyltransferase",
"Proton pump",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Circular RNA",
"Ottoman architecture",
"Teloschistaceae",
"South African Border War",
"Mars",
"Hypoxia (medicine)",
"Extraterrestrial life",
"Kizil Caves",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency",
"Plant physiology",
"Helium",
"Galaxy",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Amino acid synthesis",
"List of Shaman King characters",
"Vaccine hesitancy",
"Soil respiration",
"Wedge-tailed eagle",
"Imperial examination",
"Evolution of cells",
"Bitumen",
"Ant",
"Phycocyanin",
"Short interspersed nuclear element",
"RNA therapeutics",
"Elevator",
"Specimens of Archaeopteryx",
"Stem cell",
"California",
"NF-κB",
"HIV/AIDS",
"Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma",
"Logistic regression",
"Replisome",
"Toxoplasmosis",
"Architecture of India",
"Colony collapse disorder",
"Monarch butterfly",
"Serbia in the Middle Ages",
"Austronesian peoples",
"Artificial gene synthesis",
"Steam locomotive",
"History of Beijing",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"Group (mathematics)",
"Green fluorescent protein",
"Radiation therapy",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Nuclear fuel cycle",
"Chromosome",
"Chromatin",
"Roman Republic",
"Ferredoxin—NADP(+) reductase",
"Tesla Autopilot",
"Television in the United States",
"History of science and technology in Japan",
"Sulfur assimilation",
"Invasive species",
"Durinskia",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Indo-Aryan migrations",
"Plasma cell dyscrasias",
"Fungicide use in the United States",
"Solar System",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Scuba diving",
"Innate immune system",
"Alcohol (drug)",
"Asteroid",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"BKL singularity",
"Everglades",
"Exponentiation",
"Malolactic fermentation",
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Oil sands",
"Protein moonlighting",
"History of painting",
"Magic square",
"Bioinformatics",
"Climate change mitigation",
"Marriage",
"Alfred Waterhouse"
] |
5729582b1d046914007792e5 | Chloroplast | {
"en": "These chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids (\"plastid\" in this context means almost the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three chloroplast lineages—the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage, the rhodophyte, or red algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage. The second two are the largest, and the green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants.",
"hi": "ये क्लोरोप्लास्ट, जो एक सायनोबैक्टिरियल पूर्वज में प्रत्यक्षतः पता लगाए जा सकते हैं, प्राथमिक प्लास्टिडस ( इस संदर्भ में “प्लास्टिड” का अर्थ लगभग वही चीज है जो क्लोरोप्लास्ट है) के रूप में जाने जाते हैं। सभी प्राथमिक क्लोरोप्लास्टस तीन में से एक क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली – ग्लूकोफीट क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली, रहोडोफाइट, या लाल शैवाल क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली या क्लोरोप्लास्टिडन, या हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली से संबंधित हैं। दूसरे दो सबसे बड़े हैं, और हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली वह है जो भूमि के पौधों को धारण करती है।"
} | {
"en": "What does rhodophyte mean?",
"hi": "रहोडोफाइट का क्या अर्थ है?"
} | {
"en": [
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"United Kingdom labour law",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (300–399)",
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"Memory",
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"Anticancer gene",
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"Lung",
"Caenorhabditis elegans",
"History of Germany",
"Heavy water",
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"Atom",
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"Heterologous expression",
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"OLED",
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"Lp space",
"Boron",
"RNA editing",
"Great Oxidation Event",
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"Woolly mammoth",
"List of recurring The Simpsons characters",
"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere",
"Francis Crick",
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"Serpin",
"X-ray crystallography",
"Mitosis",
"Soybean",
"Narcissus (plant)",
"Long-eared owl",
"South African criminal law",
"Kinetic isotope effect",
"High-performance liquid chromatography",
"Preimplantation genetic diagnosis",
"Ozone depletion",
"Microbial genetics",
"DNA nanotechnology",
"Cholestasis",
"Active transport",
"Liquid crystal",
"Life on Mars",
"Autophagy",
"Military history of the Sui–Tang dynasties",
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"General der Nachrichtenaufklärung",
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"Chloroplast membrane",
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"List of Plasmodium species",
"Chlororespiration",
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"Onychophora",
"History of Detroit",
"Ocean",
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"Ellipse",
"Gene therapy",
"Endoplasmic reticulum",
"Biodiesel",
"List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (200–299)",
"Diamond",
"Plutonium",
"Snowy owl",
"Hydrogen storage",
"Translation (biology)",
"Penal Code (Malaysia)",
"Perlecan",
"Dipshikha Chakravortty",
"Organ-on-a-chip",
"Hydrogen",
"Cytoskeleton",
"Fuel cell",
"Vitamin B12",
"Nuclear weapon design",
"Histone acetylation and deacetylation",
"Chiapas",
"Radar in World War II",
"White wine",
"Papillomaviridae",
"Spider",
"Fluorine",
"Systems of social stratification",
"Earth",
"Infection",
"Role of Christianity in civilization",
"P-type ATPase",
"Evolution of the wolf",
"Chemical reaction",
"CSNK1D",
"Arsenic poisoning",
"History of Austria",
"Taste",
"Israeli occupation of the West Bank",
"Human genetic resistance to malaria",
"Recent human evolution",
"Deep biosphere",
"Source attribution",
"Ctenophora",
"Professional wrestling match types",
"Parasitism",
"Marine sediment",
"Seed",
"Star",
"Mitochondrial matrix",
"Field electron emission",
"History of Cumbria",
"Aphid",
"Origin of language",
"Dry suit",
"Properties of water",
"Manganese",
"Breast cancer",
"Value-form",
"German radio intelligence operations during World War II",
"Digestion",
"Plastid terminal oxidase",
"Vectors in gene therapy",
"Human",
"List of Denver landmarks",
"Selenium",
"Titan (moon)",
"Phosphorus",
"Genome size",
"Copper",
"Blueberry (comics)",
"Vilnius",
"LSm",
"Moss",
"Southern bluefin tuna",
"Mineral",
"French Resistance",
"Riftia",
"Green algae",
"Atmosphere of Venus",
"Cattle",
"Climate change",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Chromium",
"Selfish genetic element",
"Electrochemistry",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"DNA barcoding",
"Silviculture",
"Chlamydomonas nivalis",
"Chronology of the universe",
"Beggiatoa",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Moon",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Particulates",
"Rebreather diving",
"Carboxysome",
"Addiction",
"Metalloprotein",
"Fish physiology",
"Trebouxia",
"Sustainable fashion",
"List of Dutch discoveries",
"Yeast",
"Insect",
"Coronavirus",
"Non-coding RNA",
"Adaptive immune system",
"Flagellum",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Fluorescent lamp",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Women in Islam",
"Xerophyte",
"Cannabis cultivation",
"Quorum sensing",
"Radiocarbon dating",
"Superlens",
"History of Tunisia",
"MTORC1",
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"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
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"Evolution of insects",
"Nuclear winter",
"Tumor hypoxia",
"Corgi Toys",
"Religion in China",
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"Uranium mining",
"Lipopolysaccharide",
"Beluga whale",
"History of biology",
"Tyrannosaurus",
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"Genetic engineering techniques",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain",
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"Italy",
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"Light-emitting diode",
"Lipid signaling",
"Microtubule",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"African humid period",
"Gold",
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"BRCA1",
"Hydrothermal vent microbial communities",
"Bacterial genome",
"Artificial cell",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance",
"Functional magnetic resonance imaging",
"Women in science",
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"Bat",
"Alexandrium (dinoflagellate)",
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"Nepenthes rajah",
"Silver",
"Papua (province)",
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"T cell",
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"Ichthyosauria",
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"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"List of Wild Cards characters",
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5729582b1d046914007792e6 | Chloroplast | {
"en": "These chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids (\"plastid\" in this context means almost the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three chloroplast lineages—the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage, the rhodophyte, or red algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage. The second two are the largest, and the green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants.",
"hi": "ये क्लोरोप्लास्ट, जो एक सायनोबैक्टिरियल पूर्वज में प्रत्यक्षतः पता लगाए जा सकते हैं, प्राथमिक प्लास्टिडस ( इस संदर्भ में “प्लास्टिड” का अर्थ लगभग वही चीज है जो क्लोरोप्लास्ट है) के रूप में जाने जाते हैं। सभी प्राथमिक क्लोरोप्लास्टस तीन में से एक क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली – ग्लूकोफीट क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली, रहोडोफाइट, या लाल शैवाल क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली या क्लोरोप्लास्टिडन, या हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली से संबंधित हैं। दूसरे दो सबसे बड़े हैं, और हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली वह है जो भूमि के पौधों को धारण करती है।"
} | {
"en": "What does chloroplastidan mean?",
"hi": "क्लोरोप्लास्टिडन का क्या अर्थ है?"
} | {
"en": [
"green chloroplast"
],
"hi": [
"हरी क्लोरोप्लास्ट वंशावली"
]
} | {
"en": [
369,
369,
369
],
"hi": [
374
]
} | [
"STEM.Biology",
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"Thylakoid",
"List of populated places in Serbia (alphabetic)",
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"History of Earth",
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"Atmosphere of Venus",
"Cattle",
"Climate change",
"List of characters in the Breaking Bad franchise",
"Chromium",
"Selfish genetic element",
"Electrochemistry",
"Anglo-Saxons",
"DNA barcoding",
"Silviculture",
"Chlamydomonas nivalis",
"Chronology of the universe",
"Beggiatoa",
"Culture of the United Kingdom",
"Moon",
"Overview of gun laws by nation",
"Particulates",
"Rebreather diving",
"Carboxysome",
"Addiction",
"Metalloprotein",
"Fish physiology",
"Trebouxia",
"Sustainable fashion",
"List of Dutch discoveries",
"Yeast",
"Insect",
"Coronavirus",
"Non-coding RNA",
"Adaptive immune system",
"Flagellum",
"Forests Commission Victoria",
"Fluorescent lamp",
"Aircraft in fiction",
"Women in Islam",
"Xerophyte",
"Cannabis cultivation",
"Quorum sensing",
"Radiocarbon dating",
"Superlens",
"History of Tunisia",
"MTORC1",
"Biomolecular engineering",
"Photosynthetic efficiency",
"Zebrafish",
"List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1950–1954)",
"Natural scientific research in Canada",
"Invasion (cancer)",
"Thin-film solar cell",
"Reactive oxygen species production in marine microalgae",
"Evolution of insects",
"Nuclear winter",
"Tumor hypoxia",
"Corgi Toys",
"Religion in China",
"Seagrass",
"Uranium mining",
"Lipopolysaccharide",
"Beluga whale",
"History of biology",
"Tyrannosaurus",
"Hyperbola",
"Melioidosis",
"Microvesicle",
"BC-007",
"Genetic engineering techniques",
"Military history of the Three Kingdoms",
"Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain",
"Reelin",
"Italy",
"Protoceratops",
"Light-emitting diode",
"Lipid signaling",
"Microtubule",
"2003 invasion of Iraq",
"African humid period",
"Gold",
"Endogenous retrovirus",
"BRCA1",
"Hydrothermal vent microbial communities",
"Bacterial genome",
"Artificial cell",
"Generation Z in the United States",
"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance",
"Functional magnetic resonance imaging",
"Women in science",
"Trichoplax",
"Melanoma",
"Bat",
"Alexandrium (dinoflagellate)",
"Helicase",
"Nepenthes rajah",
"Silver",
"Papua (province)",
"Polyadenylation",
"Omega-3 fatty acid",
"T cell",
"Spaces of test functions and distributions",
"Ichthyosauria",
"Human papillomavirus infection",
"Reptile",
"Electron",
"Political positions of Hillary Clinton",
"The Spirit of the Age",
"Greece",
"Schizosaccharomyces pombe",
"Galileo project",
"Seaweed fertiliser",
"Fish",
"Ising model",
"Cyanothece",
"C++11",
"Antenna tuner",
"Antibiotic",
"Nuclear power",
"Survivin",
"List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes",
"List of Wild Cards characters",
"Honey",
"Membrane potential",
"Triple-stranded DNA",
"3D printing",
"Plasmid",
"Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1",
"Cro-Magnon",
"Adolescence",
"Pollen tube",
"Sense",
"Steppe eagle",
"Ferredoxin",
"Carbon nanotube",
"Interracial marriage",
"UN offensive into North Korea",
"Tooth decay",
"Effects of climate change on agriculture",
"AI Mark VIII radar",
"Protein phosphorylation",
"Metalloid",
"Nucleomorph",
"American frontier",
"Anabolic steroid",
"Electrochemical gradient",
"Cellular differentiation",
"TMEM211",
"Glyphosate",
"Reindeer",
"River ecosystem",
"Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell",
"Fracking in the United States",
"English land law",
"Naturally occurring phenols",
"Supernova",
"Staining",
"Ethylene oxide",
"Fatty acid",
"Distribution (mathematics)",
"History of radar",
"Fusion power",
"Passenger pigeon",
"Ice drilling",
"KASUMI",
"Cornish Bronze Age",
"Concrete",
"Latin America",
"Desert",
"Hugo W. Koehler",
"Ethanol",
"2017 St. Louis Cardinals season",
"Utricularia",
"Western honey bee",
"AMP-activated protein kinase",
"European debt crisis",
"Amphetamine",
"Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)",
"Snowball Earth",
"Nanoparticle",
"History of France",
"Banana",
"Hepatitis",
"United Kingdom constitutional law",
"Iron in biology",
"Octopus",
"Apicoplast",
"Internal combustion engine",
"Anaerobic digestion",
"Human digestive system",
"Lupus",
"Smartphone",
"Complete topological vector space",
"John von Neumann",
"Muscle contraction",
"Macrophage",
"Laser",
"Torreya taxifolia",
"History of women in the United States",
"Human mitochondrial genetics",
"Long non-coding RNA",
"List of The Shield characters",
"Calculus on Euclidean space",
"Coconut",
"Geometric algebra",
"Aspirin",
"Glucokinase",
"Evolutionary psychology",
"Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides",
"Sulfatide",
"Organic farming",
"Vitamin D",
"Dingo",
"Cnidaria",
"Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event",
"North Pacific right whale",
"Retina",
"Characters of the Metal Gear series",
"Spindle checkpoint",
"Manhattan Project",
"Chromoplast",
"Nannochloropsis",
"Unique properties of hyperthermophilic archaea",
"Scythians",
"Management of HIV/AIDS",
"Catenin beta-1",
"Aluminium",
"Protozoan infection",
"Bio-MEMS",
"Crassulacean acid metabolism",
"Nucleic acid tertiary structure",
"Transcriptional regulation",
"Thracian religion",
"Chalcogen",
"Sexuality in ancient Rome",
"Tomato",
"Arsenic biochemistry",
"Portugal",
"Nothing Records",
"History of science",
"Histone",
"Hypothetical types of biochemistry",
"List of Rurouni Kenshin characters",
"DNA damage theory of aging",
"Starfish",
"Sediment Profile Imagery",
"TRPV6",
"Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor",
"Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada",
"Presidency of Donald Trump",
"South African contract law",
"List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters",
"Riesz representation theorem",
"DNA vaccine",
"Active site",
"Intron",
"Cetacea",
"History of Speyer",
"COVID-19 misinformation",
"Cerebellum",
"Transcriptomics technologies",
"Social media",
"Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway",
"Thermoelectric materials",
"Economy of China",
"Yom Kippur War",
"Biodiversity",
"Agriculture in the United Kingdom",
"Ascomycota",
"Aquaculture",
"Characters of the Tekken series",
"Biological functions of nitric oxide",
"Space colonization",
"Huanjing bunao",
"Legionella pneumophila",
"Brown dwarf",
"Urban forestry",
"Helios",
"Type III secretion system",
"Gasoline",
"Research in lithium-ion batteries",
"Snake",
"Phacus",
"White dwarf",
"Hybrid electric vehicle",
"Stroke",
"Lithuania",
"Dolphin",
"Photosystem I",
"Future of Earth",
"Orientia tsutsugamushi",
"United States labor law",
"Hypercycle (chemistry)",
"Hubble Space Telescope",
"Taoism",
"Racial achievement gap in the United States",
"Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"Camouflage",
"Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex",
"Toxoplasma gondii",
"Lake metabolism",
"New Mexico",
"Burst error-correcting code",
"Transformation (genetics)",
"Mammalian kidney",
"History of Palestine",
"Human iron metabolism",
"Cyanobacterial morphology",
"Proteomics",
"Ancient Carthage",
"Succinic acid",
"Dye-sensitized solar cell",
"Lithium",
"Hydrogen economy",
"Microplastics",
"Betelgeuse",
"Air pollution",
"Metal",
"Pharmacokinetics of estradiol",
"Gulf War",
"Attachment theory",
"Histone acetyltransferase",
"Proton pump",
"History of the Netherlands",
"Circular RNA",
"Ottoman architecture",
"Teloschistaceae",
"South African Border War",
"Mars",
"Hypoxia (medicine)",
"Extraterrestrial life",
"Kizil Caves",
"Rafael Viñoly",
"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency",
"Plant physiology",
"Helium",
"Galaxy",
"History of Poles in the United States",
"Amino acid synthesis",
"List of Shaman King characters",
"Vaccine hesitancy",
"Soil respiration",
"Wedge-tailed eagle",
"Imperial examination",
"Evolution of cells",
"Bitumen",
"Ant",
"Phycocyanin",
"Short interspersed nuclear element",
"RNA therapeutics",
"Elevator",
"Specimens of Archaeopteryx",
"Stem cell",
"California",
"NF-κB",
"HIV/AIDS",
"Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma",
"Logistic regression",
"Replisome",
"Toxoplasmosis",
"Architecture of India",
"Colony collapse disorder",
"Monarch butterfly",
"Serbia in the Middle Ages",
"Austronesian peoples",
"Artificial gene synthesis",
"Steam locomotive",
"History of Beijing",
"Daniel H. Overmyer",
"Group (mathematics)",
"Green fluorescent protein",
"Radiation therapy",
"Mircea Eliade",
"Nuclear fuel cycle",
"Chromosome",
"Chromatin",
"Roman Republic",
"Ferredoxin—NADP(+) reductase",
"Tesla Autopilot",
"Television in the United States",
"History of science and technology in Japan",
"Sulfur assimilation",
"Invasive species",
"Durinskia",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Indo-Aryan migrations",
"Plasma cell dyscrasias",
"Fungicide use in the United States",
"Solar System",
"Gaza War (2008–2009)",
"Scuba diving",
"Innate immune system",
"Alcohol (drug)",
"Asteroid",
"Slavic Native Faith",
"BKL singularity",
"Everglades",
"Exponentiation",
"Malolactic fermentation",
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Oil sands",
"Protein moonlighting",
"History of painting",
"Magic square",
"Bioinformatics",
"Climate change mitigation",
"Marriage",
"Alfred Waterhouse"
] |