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convfinqa1500

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: part ii item 5 . market for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities at january 25 , 2019 , we had 26812 holders of record of our common stock , par value $ 1 per share . our common stock is traded on the new york stock exchange ( nyse ) under the symbol lmt . information concerning dividends paid on lockheed martin common stock during the past two years is as follows : common stock - dividends paid per share . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>quarter</td><td>dividends paid per share 2018</td><td>dividends paid per share 2017</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>first</td><td>$ 2.00</td><td>$ 1.82</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>second</td><td>2.00</td><td>1.82</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>third</td><td>2.00</td><td>1.82</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>fourth</td><td>2.20</td><td>2.00</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>year</td><td>$ 8.20</td><td>$ 7.46</td></tr></table> stockholder return performance graph the following graph compares the total return on a cumulative basis of $ 100 invested in lockheed martin common stock on december 31 , 2013 to the standard and poor 2019s ( s&p ) 500 index and the s&p aerospace & defense index . the s&p aerospace & defense index comprises arconic inc. , general dynamics corporation , harris corporation , huntington ingalls industries , l3 technologies , inc. , lockheed martin corporation , northrop grumman corporation , raytheon company , textron inc. , the boeing company , transdigm group inc. , and united technologies corporation . the stockholder return performance indicated on the graph is not a guarantee of future performance. . Conversations: q0: what is the total dividends paid per share during 2018? 8.2 q1: what about during 2017? 7.46 q2: what is the net change? 0.74 q3: what percentage change does this represent? 0.0992 Question: what is the net change in dividends per share from 2017 to 2018? Answer:

0.74

convfinqa1501

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: zimmer biomet holdings , inc . and subsidiaries 2017 form 10-k annual report notes to consolidated financial statements ( continued ) substantially complete . the following table summarizes the liabilities related to these integration plans ( in millions ) : employee termination benefits contract terminations total . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>employee termination benefits</td><td>contract terminations</td><td>total</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance december 31 2016</td><td>$ 38.1</td><td>$ 35.1</td><td>$ 73.2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>additions</td><td>12.1</td><td>5.2</td><td>17.3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>cash payments</td><td>-36.7 ( 36.7 )</td><td>-10.4 ( 10.4 )</td><td>-47.1 ( 47.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>foreign currency exchange rate changes</td><td>1.3</td><td>0.4</td><td>1.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>balance december 31 2017</td><td>$ 14.8</td><td>$ 30.3</td><td>$ 45.1</td></tr></table> we have also recognized other employee termination benefits related to ldr , other acquisitions and our operational excellence initiatives . dedicated project personnel expenses include the salary , benefits , travel expenses and other costs directly associated with employees who are 100 percent dedicated to our integration of acquired businesses , employees who have been notified of termination , but are continuing to work on transferring their responsibilities and employees working on our quality enhancement and remediation efforts and operational excellence initiatives . relocated facilities expenses are the moving costs , lease expenses and other facility costs incurred during the relocation period in connection with relocating certain facilities . certain litigation matters relate to net expenses recognized during the year for the estimated or actual settlement of certain pending litigation and similar claims , including matters where we recognized income from a settlement on more favorable terms than our previous estimate , or we reduced our estimate of a previously recorded contingent liability . these litigation matters have included royalty disputes , patent litigation matters , product liability litigation matters and commercial litigation matters . contract termination costs relate to terminated agreements in connection with the integration of acquired companies and changes to our distribution model as part of business restructuring and operational excellence initiatives . the terminated contracts primarily relate to sales agents and distribution agreements . information technology integration costs are non- capitalizable costs incurred related to integrating information technology platforms of acquired companies or other significant software implementations as part of our quality and operational excellence initiatives . as part of the biomet merger , we recognized $ 209.0 million of intangible assets for in-process research and development ( 201cipr&d 201d ) projects . during 2017 and 2016 , we recorded impairment losses of $ 18.8 million and $ 30.0 million , respectively , related to these ipr&d intangible assets . the impairments were primarily due to the termination of certain ipr&d projects . we also recognized $ 479.0 million of intangible assets for trademarks that we designated as having an indefinite life . during 2017 , we reclassified one of these trademarks to a finite life asset which resulted in an impairment of $ 8.0 million . loss/impairment on disposal of assets relates to assets that we have sold or intend to sell , or for which the economic useful life of the asset has been significantly reduced due to integration or our quality and operational excellence initiatives . contingent consideration adjustments represent the changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations to be paid to the prior owners of acquired businesses . certain r&d agreements relate to agreements with upfront payments to obtain intellectual property to be used in r&d projects that have no alternative future use in other projects . cash and cash equivalents 2013 we consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents . the carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents are valued at cost , which approximates their fair value . accounts receivable 2013 accounts receivable consists of trade and other miscellaneous receivables . we grant credit to customers in the normal course of business and maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for potential credit losses . we determine the allowance for doubtful accounts by geographic market and take into consideration historical credit experience , creditworthiness of the customer and other pertinent information . we make concerted efforts to collect all accounts receivable , but sometimes we have to write-off the account against the allowance when we determine the account is uncollectible . the allowance for doubtful accounts was $ 60.2 million and $ 51.6 million as of december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . inventories 2013 inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market , with cost determined on a first-in first-out basis . property , plant and equipment 2013 property , plant and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation . depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of ten to forty years for buildings and improvements and three to eight years for machinery and equipment . maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred . we review property , plant and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable . an impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future undiscounted cash flows relating to the asset are less than its carrying amount . an impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its fair value . software costs 2013 we capitalize certain computer software and software development costs incurred in connection with developing or obtaining computer software for internal use when both the preliminary project stage is completed and it is probable that the software will be used as intended . capitalized software costs generally include external direct costs of materials and services utilized in developing or obtaining computer software and compensation and related . Conversations: Question: what was the allowance for doubtful accounts as of 12/31/17? Answer:

60.2

convfinqa1502

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: zimmer biomet holdings , inc . and subsidiaries 2017 form 10-k annual report notes to consolidated financial statements ( continued ) substantially complete . the following table summarizes the liabilities related to these integration plans ( in millions ) : employee termination benefits contract terminations total . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>employee termination benefits</td><td>contract terminations</td><td>total</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance december 31 2016</td><td>$ 38.1</td><td>$ 35.1</td><td>$ 73.2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>additions</td><td>12.1</td><td>5.2</td><td>17.3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>cash payments</td><td>-36.7 ( 36.7 )</td><td>-10.4 ( 10.4 )</td><td>-47.1 ( 47.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>foreign currency exchange rate changes</td><td>1.3</td><td>0.4</td><td>1.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>balance december 31 2017</td><td>$ 14.8</td><td>$ 30.3</td><td>$ 45.1</td></tr></table> we have also recognized other employee termination benefits related to ldr , other acquisitions and our operational excellence initiatives . dedicated project personnel expenses include the salary , benefits , travel expenses and other costs directly associated with employees who are 100 percent dedicated to our integration of acquired businesses , employees who have been notified of termination , but are continuing to work on transferring their responsibilities and employees working on our quality enhancement and remediation efforts and operational excellence initiatives . relocated facilities expenses are the moving costs , lease expenses and other facility costs incurred during the relocation period in connection with relocating certain facilities . certain litigation matters relate to net expenses recognized during the year for the estimated or actual settlement of certain pending litigation and similar claims , including matters where we recognized income from a settlement on more favorable terms than our previous estimate , or we reduced our estimate of a previously recorded contingent liability . these litigation matters have included royalty disputes , patent litigation matters , product liability litigation matters and commercial litigation matters . contract termination costs relate to terminated agreements in connection with the integration of acquired companies and changes to our distribution model as part of business restructuring and operational excellence initiatives . the terminated contracts primarily relate to sales agents and distribution agreements . information technology integration costs are non- capitalizable costs incurred related to integrating information technology platforms of acquired companies or other significant software implementations as part of our quality and operational excellence initiatives . as part of the biomet merger , we recognized $ 209.0 million of intangible assets for in-process research and development ( 201cipr&d 201d ) projects . during 2017 and 2016 , we recorded impairment losses of $ 18.8 million and $ 30.0 million , respectively , related to these ipr&d intangible assets . the impairments were primarily due to the termination of certain ipr&d projects . we also recognized $ 479.0 million of intangible assets for trademarks that we designated as having an indefinite life . during 2017 , we reclassified one of these trademarks to a finite life asset which resulted in an impairment of $ 8.0 million . loss/impairment on disposal of assets relates to assets that we have sold or intend to sell , or for which the economic useful life of the asset has been significantly reduced due to integration or our quality and operational excellence initiatives . contingent consideration adjustments represent the changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations to be paid to the prior owners of acquired businesses . certain r&d agreements relate to agreements with upfront payments to obtain intellectual property to be used in r&d projects that have no alternative future use in other projects . cash and cash equivalents 2013 we consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents . the carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents are valued at cost , which approximates their fair value . accounts receivable 2013 accounts receivable consists of trade and other miscellaneous receivables . we grant credit to customers in the normal course of business and maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for potential credit losses . we determine the allowance for doubtful accounts by geographic market and take into consideration historical credit experience , creditworthiness of the customer and other pertinent information . we make concerted efforts to collect all accounts receivable , but sometimes we have to write-off the account against the allowance when we determine the account is uncollectible . the allowance for doubtful accounts was $ 60.2 million and $ 51.6 million as of december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . inventories 2013 inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market , with cost determined on a first-in first-out basis . property , plant and equipment 2013 property , plant and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation . depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of ten to forty years for buildings and improvements and three to eight years for machinery and equipment . maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred . we review property , plant and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable . an impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future undiscounted cash flows relating to the asset are less than its carrying amount . an impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its fair value . software costs 2013 we capitalize certain computer software and software development costs incurred in connection with developing or obtaining computer software for internal use when both the preliminary project stage is completed and it is probable that the software will be used as intended . capitalized software costs generally include external direct costs of materials and services utilized in developing or obtaining computer software and compensation and related . Conversations: q0: what was the allowance for doubtful accounts as of 12/31/17? 60.2 Question: and in 2016? Answer:

51.6

convfinqa1503

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: zimmer biomet holdings , inc . and subsidiaries 2017 form 10-k annual report notes to consolidated financial statements ( continued ) substantially complete . the following table summarizes the liabilities related to these integration plans ( in millions ) : employee termination benefits contract terminations total . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>employee termination benefits</td><td>contract terminations</td><td>total</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance december 31 2016</td><td>$ 38.1</td><td>$ 35.1</td><td>$ 73.2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>additions</td><td>12.1</td><td>5.2</td><td>17.3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>cash payments</td><td>-36.7 ( 36.7 )</td><td>-10.4 ( 10.4 )</td><td>-47.1 ( 47.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>foreign currency exchange rate changes</td><td>1.3</td><td>0.4</td><td>1.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>balance december 31 2017</td><td>$ 14.8</td><td>$ 30.3</td><td>$ 45.1</td></tr></table> we have also recognized other employee termination benefits related to ldr , other acquisitions and our operational excellence initiatives . dedicated project personnel expenses include the salary , benefits , travel expenses and other costs directly associated with employees who are 100 percent dedicated to our integration of acquired businesses , employees who have been notified of termination , but are continuing to work on transferring their responsibilities and employees working on our quality enhancement and remediation efforts and operational excellence initiatives . relocated facilities expenses are the moving costs , lease expenses and other facility costs incurred during the relocation period in connection with relocating certain facilities . certain litigation matters relate to net expenses recognized during the year for the estimated or actual settlement of certain pending litigation and similar claims , including matters where we recognized income from a settlement on more favorable terms than our previous estimate , or we reduced our estimate of a previously recorded contingent liability . these litigation matters have included royalty disputes , patent litigation matters , product liability litigation matters and commercial litigation matters . contract termination costs relate to terminated agreements in connection with the integration of acquired companies and changes to our distribution model as part of business restructuring and operational excellence initiatives . the terminated contracts primarily relate to sales agents and distribution agreements . information technology integration costs are non- capitalizable costs incurred related to integrating information technology platforms of acquired companies or other significant software implementations as part of our quality and operational excellence initiatives . as part of the biomet merger , we recognized $ 209.0 million of intangible assets for in-process research and development ( 201cipr&d 201d ) projects . during 2017 and 2016 , we recorded impairment losses of $ 18.8 million and $ 30.0 million , respectively , related to these ipr&d intangible assets . the impairments were primarily due to the termination of certain ipr&d projects . we also recognized $ 479.0 million of intangible assets for trademarks that we designated as having an indefinite life . during 2017 , we reclassified one of these trademarks to a finite life asset which resulted in an impairment of $ 8.0 million . loss/impairment on disposal of assets relates to assets that we have sold or intend to sell , or for which the economic useful life of the asset has been significantly reduced due to integration or our quality and operational excellence initiatives . contingent consideration adjustments represent the changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations to be paid to the prior owners of acquired businesses . certain r&d agreements relate to agreements with upfront payments to obtain intellectual property to be used in r&d projects that have no alternative future use in other projects . cash and cash equivalents 2013 we consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents . the carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents are valued at cost , which approximates their fair value . accounts receivable 2013 accounts receivable consists of trade and other miscellaneous receivables . we grant credit to customers in the normal course of business and maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for potential credit losses . we determine the allowance for doubtful accounts by geographic market and take into consideration historical credit experience , creditworthiness of the customer and other pertinent information . we make concerted efforts to collect all accounts receivable , but sometimes we have to write-off the account against the allowance when we determine the account is uncollectible . the allowance for doubtful accounts was $ 60.2 million and $ 51.6 million as of december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . inventories 2013 inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market , with cost determined on a first-in first-out basis . property , plant and equipment 2013 property , plant and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation . depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of ten to forty years for buildings and improvements and three to eight years for machinery and equipment . maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred . we review property , plant and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable . an impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future undiscounted cash flows relating to the asset are less than its carrying amount . an impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its fair value . software costs 2013 we capitalize certain computer software and software development costs incurred in connection with developing or obtaining computer software for internal use when both the preliminary project stage is completed and it is probable that the software will be used as intended . capitalized software costs generally include external direct costs of materials and services utilized in developing or obtaining computer software and compensation and related . Conversations: q0: what was the allowance for doubtful accounts as of 12/31/17? 60.2 q1: and in 2016? 51.6 Question: so what was the difference between these two values? Answer:

8.6

convfinqa1504

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: zimmer biomet holdings , inc . and subsidiaries 2017 form 10-k annual report notes to consolidated financial statements ( continued ) substantially complete . the following table summarizes the liabilities related to these integration plans ( in millions ) : employee termination benefits contract terminations total . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>employee termination benefits</td><td>contract terminations</td><td>total</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance december 31 2016</td><td>$ 38.1</td><td>$ 35.1</td><td>$ 73.2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>additions</td><td>12.1</td><td>5.2</td><td>17.3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>cash payments</td><td>-36.7 ( 36.7 )</td><td>-10.4 ( 10.4 )</td><td>-47.1 ( 47.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>foreign currency exchange rate changes</td><td>1.3</td><td>0.4</td><td>1.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>balance december 31 2017</td><td>$ 14.8</td><td>$ 30.3</td><td>$ 45.1</td></tr></table> we have also recognized other employee termination benefits related to ldr , other acquisitions and our operational excellence initiatives . dedicated project personnel expenses include the salary , benefits , travel expenses and other costs directly associated with employees who are 100 percent dedicated to our integration of acquired businesses , employees who have been notified of termination , but are continuing to work on transferring their responsibilities and employees working on our quality enhancement and remediation efforts and operational excellence initiatives . relocated facilities expenses are the moving costs , lease expenses and other facility costs incurred during the relocation period in connection with relocating certain facilities . certain litigation matters relate to net expenses recognized during the year for the estimated or actual settlement of certain pending litigation and similar claims , including matters where we recognized income from a settlement on more favorable terms than our previous estimate , or we reduced our estimate of a previously recorded contingent liability . these litigation matters have included royalty disputes , patent litigation matters , product liability litigation matters and commercial litigation matters . contract termination costs relate to terminated agreements in connection with the integration of acquired companies and changes to our distribution model as part of business restructuring and operational excellence initiatives . the terminated contracts primarily relate to sales agents and distribution agreements . information technology integration costs are non- capitalizable costs incurred related to integrating information technology platforms of acquired companies or other significant software implementations as part of our quality and operational excellence initiatives . as part of the biomet merger , we recognized $ 209.0 million of intangible assets for in-process research and development ( 201cipr&d 201d ) projects . during 2017 and 2016 , we recorded impairment losses of $ 18.8 million and $ 30.0 million , respectively , related to these ipr&d intangible assets . the impairments were primarily due to the termination of certain ipr&d projects . we also recognized $ 479.0 million of intangible assets for trademarks that we designated as having an indefinite life . during 2017 , we reclassified one of these trademarks to a finite life asset which resulted in an impairment of $ 8.0 million . loss/impairment on disposal of assets relates to assets that we have sold or intend to sell , or for which the economic useful life of the asset has been significantly reduced due to integration or our quality and operational excellence initiatives . contingent consideration adjustments represent the changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations to be paid to the prior owners of acquired businesses . certain r&d agreements relate to agreements with upfront payments to obtain intellectual property to be used in r&d projects that have no alternative future use in other projects . cash and cash equivalents 2013 we consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents . the carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents are valued at cost , which approximates their fair value . accounts receivable 2013 accounts receivable consists of trade and other miscellaneous receivables . we grant credit to customers in the normal course of business and maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for potential credit losses . we determine the allowance for doubtful accounts by geographic market and take into consideration historical credit experience , creditworthiness of the customer and other pertinent information . we make concerted efforts to collect all accounts receivable , but sometimes we have to write-off the account against the allowance when we determine the account is uncollectible . the allowance for doubtful accounts was $ 60.2 million and $ 51.6 million as of december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . inventories 2013 inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market , with cost determined on a first-in first-out basis . property , plant and equipment 2013 property , plant and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation . depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of ten to forty years for buildings and improvements and three to eight years for machinery and equipment . maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred . we review property , plant and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable . an impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future undiscounted cash flows relating to the asset are less than its carrying amount . an impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its fair value . software costs 2013 we capitalize certain computer software and software development costs incurred in connection with developing or obtaining computer software for internal use when both the preliminary project stage is completed and it is probable that the software will be used as intended . capitalized software costs generally include external direct costs of materials and services utilized in developing or obtaining computer software and compensation and related . Conversations: q0: what was the allowance for doubtful accounts as of 12/31/17? 60.2 q1: and in 2016? 51.6 q2: so what was the difference between these two values? 8.6 Question: and the percentage change during this time? Answer:

0.16667

convfinqa1505

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: on the underlying exposure . for derivative contracts that are designated and qualify as cash fl ow hedges , the effective portion of gains and losses on these contracts is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassifi ed into earnings in the same period the hedged transaction affects earnings . hedge ineffectiveness is immediately recognized in earnings . derivative contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in current earnings during the period of change . we may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to reduce the effect of fl uctuating currency exchange rates ( principally the euro , the british pound , and the japanese yen ) . foreign currency derivatives used for hedging are put in place using the same or like currencies and duration as the underlying exposures . forward contracts are principally used to manage exposures arising from subsidiary trade and loan payables and receivables denominated in foreign currencies . these contracts are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in other 2014net . the purchased option contracts are used to hedge anticipated foreign currency transactions , primarily intercompany inventory activities expected to occur within the next year . these contracts are designated as cash fl ow hedges of those future transactions and the impact on earnings is included in cost of sales . we may enter into foreign currency forward contracts and currency swaps as fair value hedges of fi rm commitments . forward and option contracts generally have maturities not exceeding 12 months . in the normal course of business , our operations are exposed to fl uctuations in interest rates . these fl uctuations can vary the costs of fi nancing , investing , and operating . we address a portion of these risks through a controlled program of risk management that includes the use of derivative fi nancial instruments . the objective of controlling these risks is to limit the impact of fl uctuations in interest rates on earnings . our primary interest rate risk exposure results from changes in short-term u.s . dollar interest rates . in an effort to manage interest rate exposures , we strive to achieve an acceptable balance between fi xed and fl oating rate debt and investment positions and may enter into interest rate swaps or collars to help maintain that balance . interest rate swaps or collars that convert our fi xed- rate debt or investments to a fl oating rate are designated as fair value hedges of the underlying instruments . interest rate swaps or collars that convert fl oating rate debt or investments to a fi xed rate are designated as cash fl ow hedg- es . interest expense on the debt is adjusted to include the payments made or received under the swap agreements . goodwill and other intangibles : goodwill is not amortized . all other intangibles arising from acquisitions and research alliances have fi nite lives and are amortized over their estimated useful lives , ranging from 5 to 20 years , using the straight-line method . the weighted-average amortization period for developed product technology is approximately 12 years . amortization expense for 2008 , 2007 , and 2006 was $ 193.4 million , $ 172.8 million , and $ 7.6 million before tax , respectively . the estimated amortization expense for each of the fi ve succeeding years approximates $ 280 million before tax , per year . substantially all of the amortization expense is included in cost of sales . see note 3 for further discussion of goodwill and other intangibles acquired in 2008 and 2007 . goodwill and other intangible assets at december 31 were as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>goodwill</td><td>$ 1167.5</td><td>$ 745.7</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>developed product technology 2014 gross</td><td>3035.4</td><td>1767.5</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-346.6 ( 346.6 )</td><td>-162.6 ( 162.6 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>developed product technology 2014 net</td><td>2688.8</td><td>1604.9</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other intangibles 2014 gross</td><td>243.2</td><td>142.8</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-45.4 ( 45.4 )</td><td>-38.0 ( 38.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>other intangibles 2014 net</td><td>197.8</td><td>104.8</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>total intangibles 2014 net</td><td>$ 4054.1</td><td>$ 2455.4</td></tr></table> goodwill and net other intangibles are reviewed to assess recoverability at least annually and when certain impairment indicators are present . no signifi cant impairments occurred with respect to the carrying value of our goodwill or other intangible assets in 2008 , 2007 , or 2006 . property and equipment : property and equipment is stated on the basis of cost . provisions for depreciation of buildings and equipment are computed generally by the straight-line method at rates based on their estimated useful lives ( 12 to 50 years for buildings and 3 to 18 years for equipment ) . we review the carrying value of long-lived assets for potential impairment on a periodic basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the . Conversations: Question: what was the total intangibles 2014 net in 2008? Answer:

4054.1

convfinqa1506

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: on the underlying exposure . for derivative contracts that are designated and qualify as cash fl ow hedges , the effective portion of gains and losses on these contracts is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassifi ed into earnings in the same period the hedged transaction affects earnings . hedge ineffectiveness is immediately recognized in earnings . derivative contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in current earnings during the period of change . we may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to reduce the effect of fl uctuating currency exchange rates ( principally the euro , the british pound , and the japanese yen ) . foreign currency derivatives used for hedging are put in place using the same or like currencies and duration as the underlying exposures . forward contracts are principally used to manage exposures arising from subsidiary trade and loan payables and receivables denominated in foreign currencies . these contracts are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in other 2014net . the purchased option contracts are used to hedge anticipated foreign currency transactions , primarily intercompany inventory activities expected to occur within the next year . these contracts are designated as cash fl ow hedges of those future transactions and the impact on earnings is included in cost of sales . we may enter into foreign currency forward contracts and currency swaps as fair value hedges of fi rm commitments . forward and option contracts generally have maturities not exceeding 12 months . in the normal course of business , our operations are exposed to fl uctuations in interest rates . these fl uctuations can vary the costs of fi nancing , investing , and operating . we address a portion of these risks through a controlled program of risk management that includes the use of derivative fi nancial instruments . the objective of controlling these risks is to limit the impact of fl uctuations in interest rates on earnings . our primary interest rate risk exposure results from changes in short-term u.s . dollar interest rates . in an effort to manage interest rate exposures , we strive to achieve an acceptable balance between fi xed and fl oating rate debt and investment positions and may enter into interest rate swaps or collars to help maintain that balance . interest rate swaps or collars that convert our fi xed- rate debt or investments to a fl oating rate are designated as fair value hedges of the underlying instruments . interest rate swaps or collars that convert fl oating rate debt or investments to a fi xed rate are designated as cash fl ow hedg- es . interest expense on the debt is adjusted to include the payments made or received under the swap agreements . goodwill and other intangibles : goodwill is not amortized . all other intangibles arising from acquisitions and research alliances have fi nite lives and are amortized over their estimated useful lives , ranging from 5 to 20 years , using the straight-line method . the weighted-average amortization period for developed product technology is approximately 12 years . amortization expense for 2008 , 2007 , and 2006 was $ 193.4 million , $ 172.8 million , and $ 7.6 million before tax , respectively . the estimated amortization expense for each of the fi ve succeeding years approximates $ 280 million before tax , per year . substantially all of the amortization expense is included in cost of sales . see note 3 for further discussion of goodwill and other intangibles acquired in 2008 and 2007 . goodwill and other intangible assets at december 31 were as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>goodwill</td><td>$ 1167.5</td><td>$ 745.7</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>developed product technology 2014 gross</td><td>3035.4</td><td>1767.5</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-346.6 ( 346.6 )</td><td>-162.6 ( 162.6 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>developed product technology 2014 net</td><td>2688.8</td><td>1604.9</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other intangibles 2014 gross</td><td>243.2</td><td>142.8</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-45.4 ( 45.4 )</td><td>-38.0 ( 38.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>other intangibles 2014 net</td><td>197.8</td><td>104.8</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>total intangibles 2014 net</td><td>$ 4054.1</td><td>$ 2455.4</td></tr></table> goodwill and net other intangibles are reviewed to assess recoverability at least annually and when certain impairment indicators are present . no signifi cant impairments occurred with respect to the carrying value of our goodwill or other intangible assets in 2008 , 2007 , or 2006 . property and equipment : property and equipment is stated on the basis of cost . provisions for depreciation of buildings and equipment are computed generally by the straight-line method at rates based on their estimated useful lives ( 12 to 50 years for buildings and 3 to 18 years for equipment ) . we review the carrying value of long-lived assets for potential impairment on a periodic basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the . Conversations: q0: what was the total intangibles 2014 net in 2008? 4054.1 Question: and what was it in 2007? Answer:

2455.4

convfinqa1507

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: on the underlying exposure . for derivative contracts that are designated and qualify as cash fl ow hedges , the effective portion of gains and losses on these contracts is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassifi ed into earnings in the same period the hedged transaction affects earnings . hedge ineffectiveness is immediately recognized in earnings . derivative contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in current earnings during the period of change . we may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to reduce the effect of fl uctuating currency exchange rates ( principally the euro , the british pound , and the japanese yen ) . foreign currency derivatives used for hedging are put in place using the same or like currencies and duration as the underlying exposures . forward contracts are principally used to manage exposures arising from subsidiary trade and loan payables and receivables denominated in foreign currencies . these contracts are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in other 2014net . the purchased option contracts are used to hedge anticipated foreign currency transactions , primarily intercompany inventory activities expected to occur within the next year . these contracts are designated as cash fl ow hedges of those future transactions and the impact on earnings is included in cost of sales . we may enter into foreign currency forward contracts and currency swaps as fair value hedges of fi rm commitments . forward and option contracts generally have maturities not exceeding 12 months . in the normal course of business , our operations are exposed to fl uctuations in interest rates . these fl uctuations can vary the costs of fi nancing , investing , and operating . we address a portion of these risks through a controlled program of risk management that includes the use of derivative fi nancial instruments . the objective of controlling these risks is to limit the impact of fl uctuations in interest rates on earnings . our primary interest rate risk exposure results from changes in short-term u.s . dollar interest rates . in an effort to manage interest rate exposures , we strive to achieve an acceptable balance between fi xed and fl oating rate debt and investment positions and may enter into interest rate swaps or collars to help maintain that balance . interest rate swaps or collars that convert our fi xed- rate debt or investments to a fl oating rate are designated as fair value hedges of the underlying instruments . interest rate swaps or collars that convert fl oating rate debt or investments to a fi xed rate are designated as cash fl ow hedg- es . interest expense on the debt is adjusted to include the payments made or received under the swap agreements . goodwill and other intangibles : goodwill is not amortized . all other intangibles arising from acquisitions and research alliances have fi nite lives and are amortized over their estimated useful lives , ranging from 5 to 20 years , using the straight-line method . the weighted-average amortization period for developed product technology is approximately 12 years . amortization expense for 2008 , 2007 , and 2006 was $ 193.4 million , $ 172.8 million , and $ 7.6 million before tax , respectively . the estimated amortization expense for each of the fi ve succeeding years approximates $ 280 million before tax , per year . substantially all of the amortization expense is included in cost of sales . see note 3 for further discussion of goodwill and other intangibles acquired in 2008 and 2007 . goodwill and other intangible assets at december 31 were as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>goodwill</td><td>$ 1167.5</td><td>$ 745.7</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>developed product technology 2014 gross</td><td>3035.4</td><td>1767.5</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-346.6 ( 346.6 )</td><td>-162.6 ( 162.6 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>developed product technology 2014 net</td><td>2688.8</td><td>1604.9</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other intangibles 2014 gross</td><td>243.2</td><td>142.8</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-45.4 ( 45.4 )</td><td>-38.0 ( 38.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>other intangibles 2014 net</td><td>197.8</td><td>104.8</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>total intangibles 2014 net</td><td>$ 4054.1</td><td>$ 2455.4</td></tr></table> goodwill and net other intangibles are reviewed to assess recoverability at least annually and when certain impairment indicators are present . no signifi cant impairments occurred with respect to the carrying value of our goodwill or other intangible assets in 2008 , 2007 , or 2006 . property and equipment : property and equipment is stated on the basis of cost . provisions for depreciation of buildings and equipment are computed generally by the straight-line method at rates based on their estimated useful lives ( 12 to 50 years for buildings and 3 to 18 years for equipment ) . we review the carrying value of long-lived assets for potential impairment on a periodic basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the . Conversations: q0: what was the total intangibles 2014 net in 2008? 4054.1 q1: and what was it in 2007? 2455.4 Question: by how much, then, did it change over the year? Answer:

1598.7

convfinqa1508

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: on the underlying exposure . for derivative contracts that are designated and qualify as cash fl ow hedges , the effective portion of gains and losses on these contracts is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassifi ed into earnings in the same period the hedged transaction affects earnings . hedge ineffectiveness is immediately recognized in earnings . derivative contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in current earnings during the period of change . we may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to reduce the effect of fl uctuating currency exchange rates ( principally the euro , the british pound , and the japanese yen ) . foreign currency derivatives used for hedging are put in place using the same or like currencies and duration as the underlying exposures . forward contracts are principally used to manage exposures arising from subsidiary trade and loan payables and receivables denominated in foreign currencies . these contracts are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in other 2014net . the purchased option contracts are used to hedge anticipated foreign currency transactions , primarily intercompany inventory activities expected to occur within the next year . these contracts are designated as cash fl ow hedges of those future transactions and the impact on earnings is included in cost of sales . we may enter into foreign currency forward contracts and currency swaps as fair value hedges of fi rm commitments . forward and option contracts generally have maturities not exceeding 12 months . in the normal course of business , our operations are exposed to fl uctuations in interest rates . these fl uctuations can vary the costs of fi nancing , investing , and operating . we address a portion of these risks through a controlled program of risk management that includes the use of derivative fi nancial instruments . the objective of controlling these risks is to limit the impact of fl uctuations in interest rates on earnings . our primary interest rate risk exposure results from changes in short-term u.s . dollar interest rates . in an effort to manage interest rate exposures , we strive to achieve an acceptable balance between fi xed and fl oating rate debt and investment positions and may enter into interest rate swaps or collars to help maintain that balance . interest rate swaps or collars that convert our fi xed- rate debt or investments to a fl oating rate are designated as fair value hedges of the underlying instruments . interest rate swaps or collars that convert fl oating rate debt or investments to a fi xed rate are designated as cash fl ow hedg- es . interest expense on the debt is adjusted to include the payments made or received under the swap agreements . goodwill and other intangibles : goodwill is not amortized . all other intangibles arising from acquisitions and research alliances have fi nite lives and are amortized over their estimated useful lives , ranging from 5 to 20 years , using the straight-line method . the weighted-average amortization period for developed product technology is approximately 12 years . amortization expense for 2008 , 2007 , and 2006 was $ 193.4 million , $ 172.8 million , and $ 7.6 million before tax , respectively . the estimated amortization expense for each of the fi ve succeeding years approximates $ 280 million before tax , per year . substantially all of the amortization expense is included in cost of sales . see note 3 for further discussion of goodwill and other intangibles acquired in 2008 and 2007 . goodwill and other intangible assets at december 31 were as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>goodwill</td><td>$ 1167.5</td><td>$ 745.7</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>developed product technology 2014 gross</td><td>3035.4</td><td>1767.5</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-346.6 ( 346.6 )</td><td>-162.6 ( 162.6 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>developed product technology 2014 net</td><td>2688.8</td><td>1604.9</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other intangibles 2014 gross</td><td>243.2</td><td>142.8</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-45.4 ( 45.4 )</td><td>-38.0 ( 38.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>other intangibles 2014 net</td><td>197.8</td><td>104.8</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>total intangibles 2014 net</td><td>$ 4054.1</td><td>$ 2455.4</td></tr></table> goodwill and net other intangibles are reviewed to assess recoverability at least annually and when certain impairment indicators are present . no signifi cant impairments occurred with respect to the carrying value of our goodwill or other intangible assets in 2008 , 2007 , or 2006 . property and equipment : property and equipment is stated on the basis of cost . provisions for depreciation of buildings and equipment are computed generally by the straight-line method at rates based on their estimated useful lives ( 12 to 50 years for buildings and 3 to 18 years for equipment ) . we review the carrying value of long-lived assets for potential impairment on a periodic basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the . Conversations: q0: what was the total intangibles 2014 net in 2008? 4054.1 q1: and what was it in 2007? 2455.4 q2: by how much, then, did it change over the year? 1598.7 Question: and what is this change as a percentage of the 2007 amount? Answer:

0.6511

convfinqa1509

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: on the underlying exposure . for derivative contracts that are designated and qualify as cash fl ow hedges , the effective portion of gains and losses on these contracts is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassifi ed into earnings in the same period the hedged transaction affects earnings . hedge ineffectiveness is immediately recognized in earnings . derivative contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in current earnings during the period of change . we may enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to reduce the effect of fl uctuating currency exchange rates ( principally the euro , the british pound , and the japanese yen ) . foreign currency derivatives used for hedging are put in place using the same or like currencies and duration as the underlying exposures . forward contracts are principally used to manage exposures arising from subsidiary trade and loan payables and receivables denominated in foreign currencies . these contracts are recorded at fair value with the gain or loss recognized in other 2014net . the purchased option contracts are used to hedge anticipated foreign currency transactions , primarily intercompany inventory activities expected to occur within the next year . these contracts are designated as cash fl ow hedges of those future transactions and the impact on earnings is included in cost of sales . we may enter into foreign currency forward contracts and currency swaps as fair value hedges of fi rm commitments . forward and option contracts generally have maturities not exceeding 12 months . in the normal course of business , our operations are exposed to fl uctuations in interest rates . these fl uctuations can vary the costs of fi nancing , investing , and operating . we address a portion of these risks through a controlled program of risk management that includes the use of derivative fi nancial instruments . the objective of controlling these risks is to limit the impact of fl uctuations in interest rates on earnings . our primary interest rate risk exposure results from changes in short-term u.s . dollar interest rates . in an effort to manage interest rate exposures , we strive to achieve an acceptable balance between fi xed and fl oating rate debt and investment positions and may enter into interest rate swaps or collars to help maintain that balance . interest rate swaps or collars that convert our fi xed- rate debt or investments to a fl oating rate are designated as fair value hedges of the underlying instruments . interest rate swaps or collars that convert fl oating rate debt or investments to a fi xed rate are designated as cash fl ow hedg- es . interest expense on the debt is adjusted to include the payments made or received under the swap agreements . goodwill and other intangibles : goodwill is not amortized . all other intangibles arising from acquisitions and research alliances have fi nite lives and are amortized over their estimated useful lives , ranging from 5 to 20 years , using the straight-line method . the weighted-average amortization period for developed product technology is approximately 12 years . amortization expense for 2008 , 2007 , and 2006 was $ 193.4 million , $ 172.8 million , and $ 7.6 million before tax , respectively . the estimated amortization expense for each of the fi ve succeeding years approximates $ 280 million before tax , per year . substantially all of the amortization expense is included in cost of sales . see note 3 for further discussion of goodwill and other intangibles acquired in 2008 and 2007 . goodwill and other intangible assets at december 31 were as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>goodwill</td><td>$ 1167.5</td><td>$ 745.7</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>developed product technology 2014 gross</td><td>3035.4</td><td>1767.5</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-346.6 ( 346.6 )</td><td>-162.6 ( 162.6 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>developed product technology 2014 net</td><td>2688.8</td><td>1604.9</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other intangibles 2014 gross</td><td>243.2</td><td>142.8</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>less accumulated amortization</td><td>-45.4 ( 45.4 )</td><td>-38.0 ( 38.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>other intangibles 2014 net</td><td>197.8</td><td>104.8</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>total intangibles 2014 net</td><td>$ 4054.1</td><td>$ 2455.4</td></tr></table> goodwill and net other intangibles are reviewed to assess recoverability at least annually and when certain impairment indicators are present . no signifi cant impairments occurred with respect to the carrying value of our goodwill or other intangible assets in 2008 , 2007 , or 2006 . property and equipment : property and equipment is stated on the basis of cost . provisions for depreciation of buildings and equipment are computed generally by the straight-line method at rates based on their estimated useful lives ( 12 to 50 years for buildings and 3 to 18 years for equipment ) . we review the carrying value of long-lived assets for potential impairment on a periodic basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the . Conversations: q0: what was the total intangibles 2014 net in 2008? 4054.1 q1: and what was it in 2007? 2455.4 q2: by how much, then, did it change over the year? 1598.7 q3: and what is this change as a percentage of the 2007 amount? 0.6511 Question: and in this same year, what percent of this amount was comprised of developed product technology-gross? Answer:

0.71984

convfinqa1510

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: table of contents ( 4 ) the decline in cash flows was driven by the timing of inventory purchases at the end of 2014 versus 2013 . in order to manage our working capital and operating cash needs , we monitor our cash conversion cycle , defined as days of sales outstanding in accounts receivable plus days of supply in inventory minus days of purchases outstanding in accounts payable , based on a rolling three-month average . components of our cash conversion cycle are as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in days )</td><td>december 31 , 2015</td><td>december 31 , 2014</td><td>december 31 , 2013</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>days of sales outstanding ( dso ) ( 1 )</td><td>48</td><td>42</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>days of supply in inventory ( dio ) ( 2 )</td><td>13</td><td>13</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>days of purchases outstanding ( dpo ) ( 3 )</td><td>-40 ( 40 )</td><td>-34 ( 34 )</td><td>-35 ( 35 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>cash conversion cycle</td><td>21</td><td>21</td><td>23</td></tr></table> ( 1 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of trade accounts receivable , net at the end of the period divided by average daily net sales for the same three-month period . also incorporates components of other miscellaneous receivables . ( 2 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of merchandise inventory at the end of the period divided by average daily cost of goods sold for the same three-month period . ( 3 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the combined balance of accounts payable-trade , excluding cash overdrafts , and accounts payable-inventory financing at the end of the period divided by average daily cost of goods sold for the same three-month period . the cash conversion cycle remained at 21 days at december 31 , 2015 and december 31 , 2014 . the increase in dso was primarily driven by a higher accounts receivable balance at december 31 , 2015 driven by higher public segment sales where customers generally take longer to pay than customers in our corporate segment , slower government payments in certain states due to budget issues and an increase in net sales and related accounts receivable for third-party services such as software assurance and warranties . these services have an unfavorable impact on dso as the receivable is recognized on the balance sheet on a gross basis while the corresponding sales amount in the statement of operations is recorded on a net basis . these services have a favorable impact on dpo as the payable is recognized on the balance sheet without a corresponding cost of sale in the statement of operations because the cost paid to the vendor or third-party service provider is recorded as a reduction to net sales . in addition to the impact of these services on dpo , dpo also increased due to the mix of payables with certain vendors that have longer payment terms . the cash conversion cycle decreased to 21 days at december 31 , 2014 compared to 23 days at december 31 , 2013 , primarily driven by improvement in dso . the decline in dso was primarily driven by improved collections and early payments from certain customers . additionally , the timing of inventory receipts at the end of 2014 had a favorable impact on dio and an unfavorable impact on dpo . investing activities net cash used in investing activities increased $ 189.6 million in 2015 compared to 2014 . the increase was primarily due to the completion of the acquisition of kelway by purchasing the remaining 65% ( 65 % ) of its outstanding common stock on august 1 , 2015 . additionally , capital expenditures increased $ 35.1 million to $ 90.1 million from $ 55.0 million for 2015 and 2014 , respectively , primarily for our new office location and an increase in spending related to improvements to our information technology systems . net cash used in investing activities increased $ 117.7 million in 2014 compared to 2013 . we paid $ 86.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2014 to acquire a 35% ( 35 % ) non-controlling interest in kelway . additionally , capital expenditures increased $ 7.9 million to $ 55.0 million from $ 47.1 million in 2014 and 2013 , respectively , primarily for improvements to our information technology systems during both years . financing activities net cash used in financing activities increased $ 114.5 million in 2015 compared to 2014 . the increase was primarily driven by share repurchases during the year ended december 31 , 2015 which resulted in an increase in cash used for financing activities of $ 241.3 million . for more information on our share repurchase program , see item 5 , 201cmarket for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities . 201d the increase was partially offset by the changes in accounts payable-inventory financing , which resulted in an increase in cash provided for financing activities of $ 20.4 million , and the net impact of our debt transactions which resulted in cash outflows of $ 7.1 million and $ 145.9 million during the years . Conversations: Question: what was the number of day of sales outstanding in 2015? Answer:

48.0

convfinqa1511

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: table of contents ( 4 ) the decline in cash flows was driven by the timing of inventory purchases at the end of 2014 versus 2013 . in order to manage our working capital and operating cash needs , we monitor our cash conversion cycle , defined as days of sales outstanding in accounts receivable plus days of supply in inventory minus days of purchases outstanding in accounts payable , based on a rolling three-month average . components of our cash conversion cycle are as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in days )</td><td>december 31 , 2015</td><td>december 31 , 2014</td><td>december 31 , 2013</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>days of sales outstanding ( dso ) ( 1 )</td><td>48</td><td>42</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>days of supply in inventory ( dio ) ( 2 )</td><td>13</td><td>13</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>days of purchases outstanding ( dpo ) ( 3 )</td><td>-40 ( 40 )</td><td>-34 ( 34 )</td><td>-35 ( 35 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>cash conversion cycle</td><td>21</td><td>21</td><td>23</td></tr></table> ( 1 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of trade accounts receivable , net at the end of the period divided by average daily net sales for the same three-month period . also incorporates components of other miscellaneous receivables . ( 2 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of merchandise inventory at the end of the period divided by average daily cost of goods sold for the same three-month period . ( 3 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the combined balance of accounts payable-trade , excluding cash overdrafts , and accounts payable-inventory financing at the end of the period divided by average daily cost of goods sold for the same three-month period . the cash conversion cycle remained at 21 days at december 31 , 2015 and december 31 , 2014 . the increase in dso was primarily driven by a higher accounts receivable balance at december 31 , 2015 driven by higher public segment sales where customers generally take longer to pay than customers in our corporate segment , slower government payments in certain states due to budget issues and an increase in net sales and related accounts receivable for third-party services such as software assurance and warranties . these services have an unfavorable impact on dso as the receivable is recognized on the balance sheet on a gross basis while the corresponding sales amount in the statement of operations is recorded on a net basis . these services have a favorable impact on dpo as the payable is recognized on the balance sheet without a corresponding cost of sale in the statement of operations because the cost paid to the vendor or third-party service provider is recorded as a reduction to net sales . in addition to the impact of these services on dpo , dpo also increased due to the mix of payables with certain vendors that have longer payment terms . the cash conversion cycle decreased to 21 days at december 31 , 2014 compared to 23 days at december 31 , 2013 , primarily driven by improvement in dso . the decline in dso was primarily driven by improved collections and early payments from certain customers . additionally , the timing of inventory receipts at the end of 2014 had a favorable impact on dio and an unfavorable impact on dpo . investing activities net cash used in investing activities increased $ 189.6 million in 2015 compared to 2014 . the increase was primarily due to the completion of the acquisition of kelway by purchasing the remaining 65% ( 65 % ) of its outstanding common stock on august 1 , 2015 . additionally , capital expenditures increased $ 35.1 million to $ 90.1 million from $ 55.0 million for 2015 and 2014 , respectively , primarily for our new office location and an increase in spending related to improvements to our information technology systems . net cash used in investing activities increased $ 117.7 million in 2014 compared to 2013 . we paid $ 86.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2014 to acquire a 35% ( 35 % ) non-controlling interest in kelway . additionally , capital expenditures increased $ 7.9 million to $ 55.0 million from $ 47.1 million in 2014 and 2013 , respectively , primarily for improvements to our information technology systems during both years . financing activities net cash used in financing activities increased $ 114.5 million in 2015 compared to 2014 . the increase was primarily driven by share repurchases during the year ended december 31 , 2015 which resulted in an increase in cash used for financing activities of $ 241.3 million . for more information on our share repurchase program , see item 5 , 201cmarket for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities . 201d the increase was partially offset by the changes in accounts payable-inventory financing , which resulted in an increase in cash provided for financing activities of $ 20.4 million , and the net impact of our debt transactions which resulted in cash outflows of $ 7.1 million and $ 145.9 million during the years . Conversations: q0: what was the number of day of sales outstanding in 2015? 48.0 Question: what was the number of day of sales outstanding in 2014? Answer:

42.0

convfinqa1512

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: table of contents ( 4 ) the decline in cash flows was driven by the timing of inventory purchases at the end of 2014 versus 2013 . in order to manage our working capital and operating cash needs , we monitor our cash conversion cycle , defined as days of sales outstanding in accounts receivable plus days of supply in inventory minus days of purchases outstanding in accounts payable , based on a rolling three-month average . components of our cash conversion cycle are as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in days )</td><td>december 31 , 2015</td><td>december 31 , 2014</td><td>december 31 , 2013</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>days of sales outstanding ( dso ) ( 1 )</td><td>48</td><td>42</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>days of supply in inventory ( dio ) ( 2 )</td><td>13</td><td>13</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>days of purchases outstanding ( dpo ) ( 3 )</td><td>-40 ( 40 )</td><td>-34 ( 34 )</td><td>-35 ( 35 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>cash conversion cycle</td><td>21</td><td>21</td><td>23</td></tr></table> ( 1 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of trade accounts receivable , net at the end of the period divided by average daily net sales for the same three-month period . also incorporates components of other miscellaneous receivables . ( 2 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of merchandise inventory at the end of the period divided by average daily cost of goods sold for the same three-month period . ( 3 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the combined balance of accounts payable-trade , excluding cash overdrafts , and accounts payable-inventory financing at the end of the period divided by average daily cost of goods sold for the same three-month period . the cash conversion cycle remained at 21 days at december 31 , 2015 and december 31 , 2014 . the increase in dso was primarily driven by a higher accounts receivable balance at december 31 , 2015 driven by higher public segment sales where customers generally take longer to pay than customers in our corporate segment , slower government payments in certain states due to budget issues and an increase in net sales and related accounts receivable for third-party services such as software assurance and warranties . these services have an unfavorable impact on dso as the receivable is recognized on the balance sheet on a gross basis while the corresponding sales amount in the statement of operations is recorded on a net basis . these services have a favorable impact on dpo as the payable is recognized on the balance sheet without a corresponding cost of sale in the statement of operations because the cost paid to the vendor or third-party service provider is recorded as a reduction to net sales . in addition to the impact of these services on dpo , dpo also increased due to the mix of payables with certain vendors that have longer payment terms . the cash conversion cycle decreased to 21 days at december 31 , 2014 compared to 23 days at december 31 , 2013 , primarily driven by improvement in dso . the decline in dso was primarily driven by improved collections and early payments from certain customers . additionally , the timing of inventory receipts at the end of 2014 had a favorable impact on dio and an unfavorable impact on dpo . investing activities net cash used in investing activities increased $ 189.6 million in 2015 compared to 2014 . the increase was primarily due to the completion of the acquisition of kelway by purchasing the remaining 65% ( 65 % ) of its outstanding common stock on august 1 , 2015 . additionally , capital expenditures increased $ 35.1 million to $ 90.1 million from $ 55.0 million for 2015 and 2014 , respectively , primarily for our new office location and an increase in spending related to improvements to our information technology systems . net cash used in investing activities increased $ 117.7 million in 2014 compared to 2013 . we paid $ 86.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2014 to acquire a 35% ( 35 % ) non-controlling interest in kelway . additionally , capital expenditures increased $ 7.9 million to $ 55.0 million from $ 47.1 million in 2014 and 2013 , respectively , primarily for improvements to our information technology systems during both years . financing activities net cash used in financing activities increased $ 114.5 million in 2015 compared to 2014 . the increase was primarily driven by share repurchases during the year ended december 31 , 2015 which resulted in an increase in cash used for financing activities of $ 241.3 million . for more information on our share repurchase program , see item 5 , 201cmarket for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities . 201d the increase was partially offset by the changes in accounts payable-inventory financing , which resulted in an increase in cash provided for financing activities of $ 20.4 million , and the net impact of our debt transactions which resulted in cash outflows of $ 7.1 million and $ 145.9 million during the years . Conversations: q0: what was the number of day of sales outstanding in 2015? 48.0 q1: what was the number of day of sales outstanding in 2014? 42.0 Question: what was the difference? Answer:

6.0

convfinqa1513

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: table of contents ( 4 ) the decline in cash flows was driven by the timing of inventory purchases at the end of 2014 versus 2013 . in order to manage our working capital and operating cash needs , we monitor our cash conversion cycle , defined as days of sales outstanding in accounts receivable plus days of supply in inventory minus days of purchases outstanding in accounts payable , based on a rolling three-month average . components of our cash conversion cycle are as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in days )</td><td>december 31 , 2015</td><td>december 31 , 2014</td><td>december 31 , 2013</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>days of sales outstanding ( dso ) ( 1 )</td><td>48</td><td>42</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>days of supply in inventory ( dio ) ( 2 )</td><td>13</td><td>13</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>days of purchases outstanding ( dpo ) ( 3 )</td><td>-40 ( 40 )</td><td>-34 ( 34 )</td><td>-35 ( 35 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>cash conversion cycle</td><td>21</td><td>21</td><td>23</td></tr></table> ( 1 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of trade accounts receivable , net at the end of the period divided by average daily net sales for the same three-month period . also incorporates components of other miscellaneous receivables . ( 2 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of merchandise inventory at the end of the period divided by average daily cost of goods sold for the same three-month period . ( 3 ) represents the rolling three-month average of the combined balance of accounts payable-trade , excluding cash overdrafts , and accounts payable-inventory financing at the end of the period divided by average daily cost of goods sold for the same three-month period . the cash conversion cycle remained at 21 days at december 31 , 2015 and december 31 , 2014 . the increase in dso was primarily driven by a higher accounts receivable balance at december 31 , 2015 driven by higher public segment sales where customers generally take longer to pay than customers in our corporate segment , slower government payments in certain states due to budget issues and an increase in net sales and related accounts receivable for third-party services such as software assurance and warranties . these services have an unfavorable impact on dso as the receivable is recognized on the balance sheet on a gross basis while the corresponding sales amount in the statement of operations is recorded on a net basis . these services have a favorable impact on dpo as the payable is recognized on the balance sheet without a corresponding cost of sale in the statement of operations because the cost paid to the vendor or third-party service provider is recorded as a reduction to net sales . in addition to the impact of these services on dpo , dpo also increased due to the mix of payables with certain vendors that have longer payment terms . the cash conversion cycle decreased to 21 days at december 31 , 2014 compared to 23 days at december 31 , 2013 , primarily driven by improvement in dso . the decline in dso was primarily driven by improved collections and early payments from certain customers . additionally , the timing of inventory receipts at the end of 2014 had a favorable impact on dio and an unfavorable impact on dpo . investing activities net cash used in investing activities increased $ 189.6 million in 2015 compared to 2014 . the increase was primarily due to the completion of the acquisition of kelway by purchasing the remaining 65% ( 65 % ) of its outstanding common stock on august 1 , 2015 . additionally , capital expenditures increased $ 35.1 million to $ 90.1 million from $ 55.0 million for 2015 and 2014 , respectively , primarily for our new office location and an increase in spending related to improvements to our information technology systems . net cash used in investing activities increased $ 117.7 million in 2014 compared to 2013 . we paid $ 86.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2014 to acquire a 35% ( 35 % ) non-controlling interest in kelway . additionally , capital expenditures increased $ 7.9 million to $ 55.0 million from $ 47.1 million in 2014 and 2013 , respectively , primarily for improvements to our information technology systems during both years . financing activities net cash used in financing activities increased $ 114.5 million in 2015 compared to 2014 . the increase was primarily driven by share repurchases during the year ended december 31 , 2015 which resulted in an increase in cash used for financing activities of $ 241.3 million . for more information on our share repurchase program , see item 5 , 201cmarket for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities . 201d the increase was partially offset by the changes in accounts payable-inventory financing , which resulted in an increase in cash provided for financing activities of $ 20.4 million , and the net impact of our debt transactions which resulted in cash outflows of $ 7.1 million and $ 145.9 million during the years . Conversations: q0: what was the number of day of sales outstanding in 2015? 48.0 q1: what was the number of day of sales outstanding in 2014? 42.0 q2: what was the difference? 6.0 Question: what is the percent change? Answer:

0.14286

convfinqa1514

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( millions )</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating working capital</td><td>$ 2739</td><td>$ 2595</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales</td><td>19.5% ( 19.5 % )</td><td>19.2</td><td>% ( % )</td></tr></table> liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . Conversations: Question: what was the value of cash provided by operating activities in 2010? Answer:

1310.0

convfinqa1515

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( millions )</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating working capital</td><td>$ 2739</td><td>$ 2595</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales</td><td>19.5% ( 19.5 % )</td><td>19.2</td><td>% ( % )</td></tr></table> liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . Conversations: q0: what was the value of cash provided by operating activities in 2010? 1310.0 Question: what was it in 2009? Answer:

1345.0

convfinqa1516

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( millions )</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating working capital</td><td>$ 2739</td><td>$ 2595</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales</td><td>19.5% ( 19.5 % )</td><td>19.2</td><td>% ( % )</td></tr></table> liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . Conversations: q0: what was the value of cash provided by operating activities in 2010? 1310.0 q1: what was it in 2009? 1345.0 Question: what is the net change? Answer:

-35.0

convfinqa1517

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( millions )</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating working capital</td><td>$ 2739</td><td>$ 2595</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales</td><td>19.5% ( 19.5 % )</td><td>19.2</td><td>% ( % )</td></tr></table> liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . Conversations: q0: what was the value of cash provided by operating activities in 2010? 1310.0 q1: what was it in 2009? 1345.0 q2: what is the net change? -35.0 Question: what was the 2009 value? Answer:

1345.0

convfinqa1518

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( millions )</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating working capital</td><td>$ 2739</td><td>$ 2595</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales</td><td>19.5% ( 19.5 % )</td><td>19.2</td><td>% ( % )</td></tr></table> liquidity and capital resources during the past three years , we had sufficient financial resources to meet our operating requirements , to fund our capital spending , share repurchases and pension plans and to pay increasing dividends to our shareholders . cash from operating activities was $ 1436 million , $ 1310 million , and $ 1345 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . higher earnings increased cash from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 , but the increase was reduced by cash used to fund an increase in working capital of $ 212 million driven by our sales growth in 2011 . cash provided by working capital was greater in 2009 than 2010 and that decline was more than offset by the cash from higher 2010 earnings . operating working capital is a subset of total working capital and represents ( 1 ) trade receivables-net of the allowance for doubtful accounts , plus ( 2 ) inventories on a first-in , first-out ( 201cfifo 201d ) basis , less ( 3 ) trade creditors 2019 liabilities . see note 3 , 201cworking capital detail 201d under item 8 of this form 10-k for further information related to the components of the company 2019s operating working capital . we believe operating working capital represents the key components of working capital under the operating control of our businesses . operating working capital at december 31 , 2011 and 2010 was $ 2.7 billion and $ 2.6 billion , respectively . a key metric we use to measure our working capital management is operating working capital as a percentage of sales ( fourth quarter sales annualized ) . ( millions ) 2011 2010 operating working capital $ 2739 $ 2595 operating working capital as % ( % ) of sales 19.5% ( 19.5 % ) 19.2% ( 19.2 % ) the change in operating working capital elements , excluding the impact of currency and acquisitions , was an increase of $ 195 million during the year ended december 31 , 2011 . this increase was the net result of an increase in receivables from customers associated with the 2011 increase in sales and an increase in fifo inventory slightly offset by an increase in trade creditors 2019 liabilities . trade receivables from customers , net , as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 17.9 percent , down slightly from 18.1 percent for 2010 . days sales outstanding was 66 days in 2011 , level with 2010 . inventories on a fifo basis as a percentage of fourth quarter sales , annualized , for 2011 was 13.1 percent level with 2010 . inventory turnover was 5.0 times in 2011 and 4.6 times in 2010 . total capital spending , including acquisitions , was $ 446 million , $ 341 million and $ 265 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively . spending related to modernization and productivity improvements , expansion of existing businesses and environmental control projects was $ 390 million , $ 307 million and $ 239 million in 2011 , 2010 , and 2009 , respectively , and is expected to be in the range of $ 450-$ 550 million during 2012 . capital spending , excluding acquisitions , as a percentage of sales was 2.6% ( 2.6 % ) , 2.3% ( 2.3 % ) and 2.0% ( 2.0 % ) in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . capital spending related to business acquisitions amounted to $ 56 million , $ 34 million , and $ 26 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and expect to use cash in 2012 to fund small to mid-sized acquisitions , as part of a balanced deployment of our cash to support growth in earnings . in january 2012 , the company closed the previously announced acquisitions of colpisa , a colombian producer of automotive oem and refinish coatings , and dyrup , a european architectural coatings company . the cost of these acquisitions , including assumed debt , was $ 193 million . dividends paid to shareholders totaled $ 355 million , $ 360 million and $ 353 million in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively . ppg has paid uninterrupted annual dividends since 1899 , and 2011 marked the 40th consecutive year of increased annual dividend payments to shareholders . we did not have a mandatory contribution to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2011 ; however , we made voluntary contributions to these plans in 2011 totaling $ 50 million . in 2010 and 2009 , we made voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 250 and $ 360 million ( of which $ 100 million was made in ppg stock ) , respectively . we expect to make voluntary contributions to our u.s . defined benefit pension plans in 2012 of up to $ 60 million . contributions were made to our non-u.s . defined benefit pension plans of $ 71 million , $ 87 million and $ 90 million ( of which approximately $ 20 million was made in ppg stock ) for 2011 , 2010 and 2009 , respectively , some of which were required by local funding requirements . we expect to make mandatory contributions to our non-u.s . plans in 2012 of approximately $ 90 million . the company 2019s share repurchase activity in 2011 , 2010 and 2009 was 10.2 million shares at a cost of $ 858 million , 8.1 million shares at a cost of $ 586 million and 1.5 million shares at a cost of $ 59 million , respectively . we expect to make share repurchases in 2012 as part of our cash deployment focused on earnings growth . the amount of spending will depend on the level of acquisition spending and other uses of cash , but we currently expect to spend in the range of $ 250 million to $ 500 million on share repurchases in 2012 . we can repurchase about 9 million shares under the current authorization from the board of directors . 26 2011 ppg annual report and form 10-k . Conversations: q0: what was the value of cash provided by operating activities in 2010? 1310.0 q1: what was it in 2009? 1345.0 q2: what is the net change? -35.0 q3: what was the 2009 value? 1345.0 Question: what is the percent change? Answer:

-0.02602

convfinqa1519

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: latin american investments during 2009 , the company acquired a land parcel located in rio clara , brazil through a newly formed consolidated joint venture in which the company has a 70% ( 70 % ) controlling ownership interest for a purchase price of 3.3 million brazilian reals ( approximately usd $ 1.5 million ) . this parcel will be developed into a 48000 square foot retail shopping center . additionally , during 2009 , the company acquired a land parcel located in san luis potosi , mexico , through an unconsolidated joint venture in which the company has a noncontrolling interest , for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $ 0.8 million . the company recognized equity in income from its unconsolidated mexican investments in real estate joint ventures of approximately $ 7.0 million , $ 17.1 million , and $ 5.2 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company recognized equity in income from its unconsolidated chilean investments in real estate joint ventures of approximately $ 0.4 million , $ 0.2 and $ 0.1 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated mexican subsidiaries aggregated approximately $ 23.4 million , $ 20.3 million , $ 8.5 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated brazilian subsidiaries aggregated approximately $ 1.5 million and $ 0.4 million during 2009 and 2008 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated chilean subsidiaries aggregated less than $ 100000 during 2009 and 2008 , respectively . mortgages and other financing receivables during 2009 , the company provided financing to five borrowers for an aggregate amount of approximately $ 8.3 million . during 2009 , the company received an aggregate of approximately $ 40.4 million which fully paid down the outstanding balance on four mortgage receivables . as of december 31 , 2009 , the company had 37 loans with total commitments of up to $ 178.9 million , of which approximately $ 131.3 million has been funded . availability under the company 2019s revolving credit facilities are expected to be sufficient to fund these remaining commitments . ( see note 10 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on form 10-k. ) asset impairments on a continuous basis , management assesses whether there are any indicators , including property operating performance and general market conditions , that the value of the company 2019s assets ( including any related amortizable intangible assets or liabilities ) may be impaired . to the extent impairment has occurred , the carrying value of the asset would be adjusted to an amount to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset . during 2009 , economic conditions had continued to experience volatility resulting in further declines in the real estate and equity markets . year over year increases in capitalization rates , discount rates and vacancies as well as the deterioration of real estate market fundamentals , negatively impacted net operating income and leasing which further contributed to declines in real estate markets in general . as a result of the volatility and declining market conditions described above , as well as the company 2019s strategy in relation to certain of its non-retail assets , the company recognized non-cash impairment charges during 2009 , aggregating approximately $ 175.1 million , before income tax benefit of approximately $ 22.5 million and noncontrolling interests of approximately $ 1.2 million . details of these non-cash impairment charges are as follows ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>impairment of property carrying values</td><td>$ 50.0</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>real estate under development</td><td>2.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investments in other real estate investments</td><td>49.2</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>marketable securities and other investments</td><td>30.1</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>investments in real estate joint ventures</td><td>43.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>total impairment charges</td><td>$ 175.1</td></tr></table> ( see notes 2 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 and 11 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on form 10-k. ) . Conversations: Question: what was the income tax benefit in 2009? Answer:

22.5

convfinqa1520

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: latin american investments during 2009 , the company acquired a land parcel located in rio clara , brazil through a newly formed consolidated joint venture in which the company has a 70% ( 70 % ) controlling ownership interest for a purchase price of 3.3 million brazilian reals ( approximately usd $ 1.5 million ) . this parcel will be developed into a 48000 square foot retail shopping center . additionally , during 2009 , the company acquired a land parcel located in san luis potosi , mexico , through an unconsolidated joint venture in which the company has a noncontrolling interest , for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $ 0.8 million . the company recognized equity in income from its unconsolidated mexican investments in real estate joint ventures of approximately $ 7.0 million , $ 17.1 million , and $ 5.2 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company recognized equity in income from its unconsolidated chilean investments in real estate joint ventures of approximately $ 0.4 million , $ 0.2 and $ 0.1 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated mexican subsidiaries aggregated approximately $ 23.4 million , $ 20.3 million , $ 8.5 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated brazilian subsidiaries aggregated approximately $ 1.5 million and $ 0.4 million during 2009 and 2008 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated chilean subsidiaries aggregated less than $ 100000 during 2009 and 2008 , respectively . mortgages and other financing receivables during 2009 , the company provided financing to five borrowers for an aggregate amount of approximately $ 8.3 million . during 2009 , the company received an aggregate of approximately $ 40.4 million which fully paid down the outstanding balance on four mortgage receivables . as of december 31 , 2009 , the company had 37 loans with total commitments of up to $ 178.9 million , of which approximately $ 131.3 million has been funded . availability under the company 2019s revolving credit facilities are expected to be sufficient to fund these remaining commitments . ( see note 10 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on form 10-k. ) asset impairments on a continuous basis , management assesses whether there are any indicators , including property operating performance and general market conditions , that the value of the company 2019s assets ( including any related amortizable intangible assets or liabilities ) may be impaired . to the extent impairment has occurred , the carrying value of the asset would be adjusted to an amount to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset . during 2009 , economic conditions had continued to experience volatility resulting in further declines in the real estate and equity markets . year over year increases in capitalization rates , discount rates and vacancies as well as the deterioration of real estate market fundamentals , negatively impacted net operating income and leasing which further contributed to declines in real estate markets in general . as a result of the volatility and declining market conditions described above , as well as the company 2019s strategy in relation to certain of its non-retail assets , the company recognized non-cash impairment charges during 2009 , aggregating approximately $ 175.1 million , before income tax benefit of approximately $ 22.5 million and noncontrolling interests of approximately $ 1.2 million . details of these non-cash impairment charges are as follows ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>impairment of property carrying values</td><td>$ 50.0</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>real estate under development</td><td>2.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investments in other real estate investments</td><td>49.2</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>marketable securities and other investments</td><td>30.1</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>investments in real estate joint ventures</td><td>43.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>total impairment charges</td><td>$ 175.1</td></tr></table> ( see notes 2 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 and 11 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on form 10-k. ) . Conversations: q0: what was the income tax benefit in 2009? 22.5 Question: and the value of noncontrolling interests? Answer:

1.2

convfinqa1521

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: latin american investments during 2009 , the company acquired a land parcel located in rio clara , brazil through a newly formed consolidated joint venture in which the company has a 70% ( 70 % ) controlling ownership interest for a purchase price of 3.3 million brazilian reals ( approximately usd $ 1.5 million ) . this parcel will be developed into a 48000 square foot retail shopping center . additionally , during 2009 , the company acquired a land parcel located in san luis potosi , mexico , through an unconsolidated joint venture in which the company has a noncontrolling interest , for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $ 0.8 million . the company recognized equity in income from its unconsolidated mexican investments in real estate joint ventures of approximately $ 7.0 million , $ 17.1 million , and $ 5.2 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company recognized equity in income from its unconsolidated chilean investments in real estate joint ventures of approximately $ 0.4 million , $ 0.2 and $ 0.1 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated mexican subsidiaries aggregated approximately $ 23.4 million , $ 20.3 million , $ 8.5 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated brazilian subsidiaries aggregated approximately $ 1.5 million and $ 0.4 million during 2009 and 2008 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated chilean subsidiaries aggregated less than $ 100000 during 2009 and 2008 , respectively . mortgages and other financing receivables during 2009 , the company provided financing to five borrowers for an aggregate amount of approximately $ 8.3 million . during 2009 , the company received an aggregate of approximately $ 40.4 million which fully paid down the outstanding balance on four mortgage receivables . as of december 31 , 2009 , the company had 37 loans with total commitments of up to $ 178.9 million , of which approximately $ 131.3 million has been funded . availability under the company 2019s revolving credit facilities are expected to be sufficient to fund these remaining commitments . ( see note 10 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on form 10-k. ) asset impairments on a continuous basis , management assesses whether there are any indicators , including property operating performance and general market conditions , that the value of the company 2019s assets ( including any related amortizable intangible assets or liabilities ) may be impaired . to the extent impairment has occurred , the carrying value of the asset would be adjusted to an amount to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset . during 2009 , economic conditions had continued to experience volatility resulting in further declines in the real estate and equity markets . year over year increases in capitalization rates , discount rates and vacancies as well as the deterioration of real estate market fundamentals , negatively impacted net operating income and leasing which further contributed to declines in real estate markets in general . as a result of the volatility and declining market conditions described above , as well as the company 2019s strategy in relation to certain of its non-retail assets , the company recognized non-cash impairment charges during 2009 , aggregating approximately $ 175.1 million , before income tax benefit of approximately $ 22.5 million and noncontrolling interests of approximately $ 1.2 million . details of these non-cash impairment charges are as follows ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>impairment of property carrying values</td><td>$ 50.0</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>real estate under development</td><td>2.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investments in other real estate investments</td><td>49.2</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>marketable securities and other investments</td><td>30.1</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>investments in real estate joint ventures</td><td>43.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>total impairment charges</td><td>$ 175.1</td></tr></table> ( see notes 2 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 and 11 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on form 10-k. ) . Conversations: q0: what was the income tax benefit in 2009? 22.5 q1: and the value of noncontrolling interests? 1.2 Question: combined, what is the total value of these two? Answer:

23.7

convfinqa1522

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: latin american investments during 2009 , the company acquired a land parcel located in rio clara , brazil through a newly formed consolidated joint venture in which the company has a 70% ( 70 % ) controlling ownership interest for a purchase price of 3.3 million brazilian reals ( approximately usd $ 1.5 million ) . this parcel will be developed into a 48000 square foot retail shopping center . additionally , during 2009 , the company acquired a land parcel located in san luis potosi , mexico , through an unconsolidated joint venture in which the company has a noncontrolling interest , for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $ 0.8 million . the company recognized equity in income from its unconsolidated mexican investments in real estate joint ventures of approximately $ 7.0 million , $ 17.1 million , and $ 5.2 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company recognized equity in income from its unconsolidated chilean investments in real estate joint ventures of approximately $ 0.4 million , $ 0.2 and $ 0.1 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated mexican subsidiaries aggregated approximately $ 23.4 million , $ 20.3 million , $ 8.5 million during 2009 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated brazilian subsidiaries aggregated approximately $ 1.5 million and $ 0.4 million during 2009 and 2008 , respectively . the company 2019s revenues from its consolidated chilean subsidiaries aggregated less than $ 100000 during 2009 and 2008 , respectively . mortgages and other financing receivables during 2009 , the company provided financing to five borrowers for an aggregate amount of approximately $ 8.3 million . during 2009 , the company received an aggregate of approximately $ 40.4 million which fully paid down the outstanding balance on four mortgage receivables . as of december 31 , 2009 , the company had 37 loans with total commitments of up to $ 178.9 million , of which approximately $ 131.3 million has been funded . availability under the company 2019s revolving credit facilities are expected to be sufficient to fund these remaining commitments . ( see note 10 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on form 10-k. ) asset impairments on a continuous basis , management assesses whether there are any indicators , including property operating performance and general market conditions , that the value of the company 2019s assets ( including any related amortizable intangible assets or liabilities ) may be impaired . to the extent impairment has occurred , the carrying value of the asset would be adjusted to an amount to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset . during 2009 , economic conditions had continued to experience volatility resulting in further declines in the real estate and equity markets . year over year increases in capitalization rates , discount rates and vacancies as well as the deterioration of real estate market fundamentals , negatively impacted net operating income and leasing which further contributed to declines in real estate markets in general . as a result of the volatility and declining market conditions described above , as well as the company 2019s strategy in relation to certain of its non-retail assets , the company recognized non-cash impairment charges during 2009 , aggregating approximately $ 175.1 million , before income tax benefit of approximately $ 22.5 million and noncontrolling interests of approximately $ 1.2 million . details of these non-cash impairment charges are as follows ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>impairment of property carrying values</td><td>$ 50.0</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>real estate under development</td><td>2.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investments in other real estate investments</td><td>49.2</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>marketable securities and other investments</td><td>30.1</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>investments in real estate joint ventures</td><td>43.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>total impairment charges</td><td>$ 175.1</td></tr></table> ( see notes 2 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 and 11 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on form 10-k. ) . Conversations: q0: what was the income tax benefit in 2009? 22.5 q1: and the value of noncontrolling interests? 1.2 q2: combined, what is the total value of these two? 23.7 Question: and including total impairment charges? Answer:

198.8

convfinqa1523

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: the following table provides the weighted average assumptions used in the black-scholes option-pricing model for grants and the resulting weighted average grant date fair value per share of stock options granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>intrinsic value</td><td>$ 9</td><td>$ 10</td><td>$ 18</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>exercise proceeds</td><td>7</td><td>11</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>income tax benefit realized</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>6</td></tr></table> stock units during 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , the company granted rsus to certain employees under the 2007 plan and 2017 omnibus plan , as applicable . rsus generally vest based on continued employment with the company over periods ranging from one to three years. . Conversations: Question: what is the intrinsic value in 2018? Answer:

9.0

convfinqa1524

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: the following table provides the weighted average assumptions used in the black-scholes option-pricing model for grants and the resulting weighted average grant date fair value per share of stock options granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>intrinsic value</td><td>$ 9</td><td>$ 10</td><td>$ 18</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>exercise proceeds</td><td>7</td><td>11</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>income tax benefit realized</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>6</td></tr></table> stock units during 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , the company granted rsus to certain employees under the 2007 plan and 2017 omnibus plan , as applicable . rsus generally vest based on continued employment with the company over periods ranging from one to three years. . Conversations: q0: what is the intrinsic value in 2018? 9.0 Question: what about in 2016? Answer:

18.0

convfinqa1525

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: the following table provides the weighted average assumptions used in the black-scholes option-pricing model for grants and the resulting weighted average grant date fair value per share of stock options granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>intrinsic value</td><td>$ 9</td><td>$ 10</td><td>$ 18</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>exercise proceeds</td><td>7</td><td>11</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>income tax benefit realized</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>6</td></tr></table> stock units during 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , the company granted rsus to certain employees under the 2007 plan and 2017 omnibus plan , as applicable . rsus generally vest based on continued employment with the company over periods ranging from one to three years. . Conversations: q0: what is the intrinsic value in 2018? 9.0 q1: what about in 2016? 18.0 Question: what is the net change? Answer:

-9.0

convfinqa1526

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: the following table provides the weighted average assumptions used in the black-scholes option-pricing model for grants and the resulting weighted average grant date fair value per share of stock options granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>intrinsic value</td><td>$ 9</td><td>$ 10</td><td>$ 18</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>exercise proceeds</td><td>7</td><td>11</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>income tax benefit realized</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>6</td></tr></table> stock units during 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , the company granted rsus to certain employees under the 2007 plan and 2017 omnibus plan , as applicable . rsus generally vest based on continued employment with the company over periods ranging from one to three years. . Conversations: q0: what is the intrinsic value in 2018? 9.0 q1: what about in 2016? 18.0 q2: what is the net change? -9.0 Question: what percentage change does this represent? Answer:

-0.5

convfinqa1527

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: mastercard incorporated notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) ( in thousands , except percent and per share data ) upon termination of employment , excluding retirement , all of a participant 2019s unvested awards are forfeited . however , when a participant terminates employment due to retirement , the participant generally retains all of their awards without providing additional service to the company . eligible retirement is dependent upon age and years of service , as follows : age 55 with ten years of service , age 60 with five years of service and age 65 with two years of service . compensation expense is recognized over the shorter of the vesting periods stated in the ltip , or the date the individual becomes eligible to retire . there are 11550 shares of class a common stock reserved for equity awards under the ltip . although the ltip permits the issuance of shares of class b common stock , no such shares have been reserved for issuance . shares issued as a result of option exercises and the conversions of rsus are expected to be funded with the issuance of new shares of class a common stock . stock options the fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using a black-scholes option pricing model . the following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used in the valuation and the resulting weighted- average fair value per option granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2009</td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>risk-free rate of return</td><td>2.5% ( 2.5 % )</td><td>3.2% ( 3.2 % )</td><td>4.4% ( 4.4 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected term ( in years )</td><td>6.17</td><td>6.25</td><td>6.25</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>expected volatility</td><td>41.7% ( 41.7 % )</td><td>37.9% ( 37.9 % )</td><td>30.9% ( 30.9 % )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>expected dividend yield</td><td>0.4% ( 0.4 % )</td><td>0.3% ( 0.3 % )</td><td>0.6% ( 0.6 % )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>weighted-average fair value per option granted</td><td>$ 71.03</td><td>$ 78.54</td><td>$ 41.03</td></tr></table> the risk-free rate of return was based on the u.s . treasury yield curve in effect on the date of grant . the company utilizes the simplified method for calculating the expected term of the option based on the vesting terms and the contractual life of the option . the expected volatility for options granted during 2009 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and a blend of the historical volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . the expected volatility for options granted during 2008 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . as the company did not have sufficient publicly traded stock data historically , the expected volatility for options granted during 2007 was primarily based on the average of the historical and implied volatility of a group of companies that management believed was generally comparable to mastercard . the expected dividend yields were based on the company 2019s expected annual dividend rate on the date of grant. . Conversations: Question: what was the risk free rate in 2009? Answer:

2.5

convfinqa1528

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: mastercard incorporated notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) ( in thousands , except percent and per share data ) upon termination of employment , excluding retirement , all of a participant 2019s unvested awards are forfeited . however , when a participant terminates employment due to retirement , the participant generally retains all of their awards without providing additional service to the company . eligible retirement is dependent upon age and years of service , as follows : age 55 with ten years of service , age 60 with five years of service and age 65 with two years of service . compensation expense is recognized over the shorter of the vesting periods stated in the ltip , or the date the individual becomes eligible to retire . there are 11550 shares of class a common stock reserved for equity awards under the ltip . although the ltip permits the issuance of shares of class b common stock , no such shares have been reserved for issuance . shares issued as a result of option exercises and the conversions of rsus are expected to be funded with the issuance of new shares of class a common stock . stock options the fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using a black-scholes option pricing model . the following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used in the valuation and the resulting weighted- average fair value per option granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2009</td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>risk-free rate of return</td><td>2.5% ( 2.5 % )</td><td>3.2% ( 3.2 % )</td><td>4.4% ( 4.4 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected term ( in years )</td><td>6.17</td><td>6.25</td><td>6.25</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>expected volatility</td><td>41.7% ( 41.7 % )</td><td>37.9% ( 37.9 % )</td><td>30.9% ( 30.9 % )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>expected dividend yield</td><td>0.4% ( 0.4 % )</td><td>0.3% ( 0.3 % )</td><td>0.6% ( 0.6 % )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>weighted-average fair value per option granted</td><td>$ 71.03</td><td>$ 78.54</td><td>$ 41.03</td></tr></table> the risk-free rate of return was based on the u.s . treasury yield curve in effect on the date of grant . the company utilizes the simplified method for calculating the expected term of the option based on the vesting terms and the contractual life of the option . the expected volatility for options granted during 2009 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and a blend of the historical volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . the expected volatility for options granted during 2008 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . as the company did not have sufficient publicly traded stock data historically , the expected volatility for options granted during 2007 was primarily based on the average of the historical and implied volatility of a group of companies that management believed was generally comparable to mastercard . the expected dividend yields were based on the company 2019s expected annual dividend rate on the date of grant. . Conversations: q0: what was the risk free rate in 2009? 2.5 Question: what was the risk free rate in 2008? Answer:

3.2

convfinqa1529

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: mastercard incorporated notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) ( in thousands , except percent and per share data ) upon termination of employment , excluding retirement , all of a participant 2019s unvested awards are forfeited . however , when a participant terminates employment due to retirement , the participant generally retains all of their awards without providing additional service to the company . eligible retirement is dependent upon age and years of service , as follows : age 55 with ten years of service , age 60 with five years of service and age 65 with two years of service . compensation expense is recognized over the shorter of the vesting periods stated in the ltip , or the date the individual becomes eligible to retire . there are 11550 shares of class a common stock reserved for equity awards under the ltip . although the ltip permits the issuance of shares of class b common stock , no such shares have been reserved for issuance . shares issued as a result of option exercises and the conversions of rsus are expected to be funded with the issuance of new shares of class a common stock . stock options the fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using a black-scholes option pricing model . the following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used in the valuation and the resulting weighted- average fair value per option granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2009</td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>risk-free rate of return</td><td>2.5% ( 2.5 % )</td><td>3.2% ( 3.2 % )</td><td>4.4% ( 4.4 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected term ( in years )</td><td>6.17</td><td>6.25</td><td>6.25</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>expected volatility</td><td>41.7% ( 41.7 % )</td><td>37.9% ( 37.9 % )</td><td>30.9% ( 30.9 % )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>expected dividend yield</td><td>0.4% ( 0.4 % )</td><td>0.3% ( 0.3 % )</td><td>0.6% ( 0.6 % )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>weighted-average fair value per option granted</td><td>$ 71.03</td><td>$ 78.54</td><td>$ 41.03</td></tr></table> the risk-free rate of return was based on the u.s . treasury yield curve in effect on the date of grant . the company utilizes the simplified method for calculating the expected term of the option based on the vesting terms and the contractual life of the option . the expected volatility for options granted during 2009 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and a blend of the historical volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . the expected volatility for options granted during 2008 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . as the company did not have sufficient publicly traded stock data historically , the expected volatility for options granted during 2007 was primarily based on the average of the historical and implied volatility of a group of companies that management believed was generally comparable to mastercard . the expected dividend yields were based on the company 2019s expected annual dividend rate on the date of grant. . Conversations: q0: what was the risk free rate in 2009? 2.5 q1: what was the risk free rate in 2008? 3.2 Question: what was the net change in the risk free rate? Answer:

-0.7

convfinqa1530

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: mastercard incorporated notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) ( in thousands , except percent and per share data ) upon termination of employment , excluding retirement , all of a participant 2019s unvested awards are forfeited . however , when a participant terminates employment due to retirement , the participant generally retains all of their awards without providing additional service to the company . eligible retirement is dependent upon age and years of service , as follows : age 55 with ten years of service , age 60 with five years of service and age 65 with two years of service . compensation expense is recognized over the shorter of the vesting periods stated in the ltip , or the date the individual becomes eligible to retire . there are 11550 shares of class a common stock reserved for equity awards under the ltip . although the ltip permits the issuance of shares of class b common stock , no such shares have been reserved for issuance . shares issued as a result of option exercises and the conversions of rsus are expected to be funded with the issuance of new shares of class a common stock . stock options the fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using a black-scholes option pricing model . the following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used in the valuation and the resulting weighted- average fair value per option granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2009</td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>risk-free rate of return</td><td>2.5% ( 2.5 % )</td><td>3.2% ( 3.2 % )</td><td>4.4% ( 4.4 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected term ( in years )</td><td>6.17</td><td>6.25</td><td>6.25</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>expected volatility</td><td>41.7% ( 41.7 % )</td><td>37.9% ( 37.9 % )</td><td>30.9% ( 30.9 % )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>expected dividend yield</td><td>0.4% ( 0.4 % )</td><td>0.3% ( 0.3 % )</td><td>0.6% ( 0.6 % )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>weighted-average fair value per option granted</td><td>$ 71.03</td><td>$ 78.54</td><td>$ 41.03</td></tr></table> the risk-free rate of return was based on the u.s . treasury yield curve in effect on the date of grant . the company utilizes the simplified method for calculating the expected term of the option based on the vesting terms and the contractual life of the option . the expected volatility for options granted during 2009 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and a blend of the historical volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . the expected volatility for options granted during 2008 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . as the company did not have sufficient publicly traded stock data historically , the expected volatility for options granted during 2007 was primarily based on the average of the historical and implied volatility of a group of companies that management believed was generally comparable to mastercard . the expected dividend yields were based on the company 2019s expected annual dividend rate on the date of grant. . Conversations: q0: what was the risk free rate in 2009? 2.5 q1: what was the risk free rate in 2008? 3.2 q2: what was the net change in the risk free rate? -0.7 Question: what was the risk free rate in 2008? Answer:

3.2

convfinqa1531

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: mastercard incorporated notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) ( in thousands , except percent and per share data ) upon termination of employment , excluding retirement , all of a participant 2019s unvested awards are forfeited . however , when a participant terminates employment due to retirement , the participant generally retains all of their awards without providing additional service to the company . eligible retirement is dependent upon age and years of service , as follows : age 55 with ten years of service , age 60 with five years of service and age 65 with two years of service . compensation expense is recognized over the shorter of the vesting periods stated in the ltip , or the date the individual becomes eligible to retire . there are 11550 shares of class a common stock reserved for equity awards under the ltip . although the ltip permits the issuance of shares of class b common stock , no such shares have been reserved for issuance . shares issued as a result of option exercises and the conversions of rsus are expected to be funded with the issuance of new shares of class a common stock . stock options the fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using a black-scholes option pricing model . the following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used in the valuation and the resulting weighted- average fair value per option granted for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2009</td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>risk-free rate of return</td><td>2.5% ( 2.5 % )</td><td>3.2% ( 3.2 % )</td><td>4.4% ( 4.4 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected term ( in years )</td><td>6.17</td><td>6.25</td><td>6.25</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>expected volatility</td><td>41.7% ( 41.7 % )</td><td>37.9% ( 37.9 % )</td><td>30.9% ( 30.9 % )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>expected dividend yield</td><td>0.4% ( 0.4 % )</td><td>0.3% ( 0.3 % )</td><td>0.6% ( 0.6 % )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>weighted-average fair value per option granted</td><td>$ 71.03</td><td>$ 78.54</td><td>$ 41.03</td></tr></table> the risk-free rate of return was based on the u.s . treasury yield curve in effect on the date of grant . the company utilizes the simplified method for calculating the expected term of the option based on the vesting terms and the contractual life of the option . the expected volatility for options granted during 2009 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and a blend of the historical volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . the expected volatility for options granted during 2008 was based on the average of the implied volatility of mastercard and the historical volatility of a group of companies that management believes is generally comparable to mastercard . as the company did not have sufficient publicly traded stock data historically , the expected volatility for options granted during 2007 was primarily based on the average of the historical and implied volatility of a group of companies that management believed was generally comparable to mastercard . the expected dividend yields were based on the company 2019s expected annual dividend rate on the date of grant. . Conversations: q0: what was the risk free rate in 2009? 2.5 q1: what was the risk free rate in 2008? 3.2 q2: what was the net change in the risk free rate? -0.7 q3: what was the risk free rate in 2008? 3.2 Question: what was the percent change? Answer:

-0.21875

convfinqa1532

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: benefits as an increase to earnings of $ 152 million ( $ 0.50 per share ) during the year ended december 31 , 2016 . additionally , we recognized additional income tax benefits as an increase to operating cash flows of $ 152 million during the year ended december 31 , 2016 . the new accounting standard did not impact any periods prior to january 1 , 2016 , as we applied the changes in the asu on a prospective basis . in september 2015 , the fasb issued asu no . 2015-16 , business combinations ( topic 805 ) , which simplifies the accounting for adjustments made to preliminary amounts recognized in a business combination by eliminating the requirement to retrospectively account for those adjustments . instead , adjustments will be recognized in the period in which the adjustments are determined , including the effect on earnings of any amounts that would have been recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date . we adopted the asu on january 1 , 2016 and are prospectively applying the asu to business combination adjustments identified after the date of adoption . in november 2015 , the fasb issued asu no . 2015-17 , income taxes ( topic 740 ) , which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes and requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities , as well as any related valuation allowance , be classified as noncurrent in our consolidated balance sheets . we applied the provisions of the asu retrospectively and reclassified approximately $ 1.6 billion from current to noncurrent assets and approximately $ 140 million from current to noncurrent liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of december 31 , 2015 . note 2 2013 earnings per share the weighted average number of shares outstanding used to compute earnings per common share were as follows ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>weighted average common shares outstanding for basic computations</td><td>299.3</td><td>310.3</td><td>316.8</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>weighted average dilutive effect of equity awards</td><td>3.8</td><td>4.4</td><td>5.6</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>weighted average common shares outstanding for dilutedcomputations</td><td>303.1</td><td>314.7</td><td>322.4</td></tr></table> we compute basic and diluted earnings per common share by dividing net earnings by the respective weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the periods presented . our calculation of diluted earnings per common share also includes the dilutive effects for the assumed vesting of outstanding restricted stock units and exercise of outstanding stock options based on the treasury stock method . there were no anti-dilutive equity awards for the years ended december 31 , 2016 , 2015 and 2014 . note 3 2013 acquisitions and divestitures acquisitions acquisition of sikorsky aircraft corporation on november 6 , 2015 , we completed the acquisition of sikorsky aircraft corporation and certain affiliated companies ( collectively 201csikorsky 201d ) from united technologies corporation ( utc ) and certain of utc 2019s subsidiaries . the purchase price of the acquisition was $ 9.0 billion , net of cash acquired . as a result of the acquisition , sikorsky became a wholly- owned subsidiary of ours . sikorsky is a global company primarily engaged in the research , design , development , manufacture and support of military and commercial helicopters . sikorsky 2019s products include military helicopters such as the black hawk , seahawk , ch-53k , h-92 ; and commercial helicopters such as the s-76 and s-92 . the acquisition enables us to extend our core business into the military and commercial rotary wing markets , allowing us to strengthen our position in the aerospace and defense industry . further , this acquisition will expand our presence in commercial and international markets . sikorsky has been aligned under our rms business segment . to fund the $ 9.0 billion acquisition price , we utilized $ 6.0 billion of proceeds borrowed under a temporary 364-day revolving credit facility ( the 364-day facility ) , $ 2.0 billion of cash on hand and $ 1.0 billion from the issuance of commercial paper . in the fourth quarter of 2015 , we repaid all outstanding borrowings under the 364-day facility with the proceeds from the issuance of $ 7.0 billion of fixed interest-rate long-term notes in a public offering ( the november 2015 notes ) . in the fourth quarter of 2015 , we also repaid the $ 1.0 billion in commercial paper borrowings ( see 201cnote 10 2013 debt 201d ) . . Conversations: Question: what was the weighted average common shares outstanding for diluted computations in 2016? Answer:

303.1

convfinqa1533

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: benefits as an increase to earnings of $ 152 million ( $ 0.50 per share ) during the year ended december 31 , 2016 . additionally , we recognized additional income tax benefits as an increase to operating cash flows of $ 152 million during the year ended december 31 , 2016 . the new accounting standard did not impact any periods prior to january 1 , 2016 , as we applied the changes in the asu on a prospective basis . in september 2015 , the fasb issued asu no . 2015-16 , business combinations ( topic 805 ) , which simplifies the accounting for adjustments made to preliminary amounts recognized in a business combination by eliminating the requirement to retrospectively account for those adjustments . instead , adjustments will be recognized in the period in which the adjustments are determined , including the effect on earnings of any amounts that would have been recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date . we adopted the asu on january 1 , 2016 and are prospectively applying the asu to business combination adjustments identified after the date of adoption . in november 2015 , the fasb issued asu no . 2015-17 , income taxes ( topic 740 ) , which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes and requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities , as well as any related valuation allowance , be classified as noncurrent in our consolidated balance sheets . we applied the provisions of the asu retrospectively and reclassified approximately $ 1.6 billion from current to noncurrent assets and approximately $ 140 million from current to noncurrent liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of december 31 , 2015 . note 2 2013 earnings per share the weighted average number of shares outstanding used to compute earnings per common share were as follows ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>weighted average common shares outstanding for basic computations</td><td>299.3</td><td>310.3</td><td>316.8</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>weighted average dilutive effect of equity awards</td><td>3.8</td><td>4.4</td><td>5.6</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>weighted average common shares outstanding for dilutedcomputations</td><td>303.1</td><td>314.7</td><td>322.4</td></tr></table> we compute basic and diluted earnings per common share by dividing net earnings by the respective weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the periods presented . our calculation of diluted earnings per common share also includes the dilutive effects for the assumed vesting of outstanding restricted stock units and exercise of outstanding stock options based on the treasury stock method . there were no anti-dilutive equity awards for the years ended december 31 , 2016 , 2015 and 2014 . note 3 2013 acquisitions and divestitures acquisitions acquisition of sikorsky aircraft corporation on november 6 , 2015 , we completed the acquisition of sikorsky aircraft corporation and certain affiliated companies ( collectively 201csikorsky 201d ) from united technologies corporation ( utc ) and certain of utc 2019s subsidiaries . the purchase price of the acquisition was $ 9.0 billion , net of cash acquired . as a result of the acquisition , sikorsky became a wholly- owned subsidiary of ours . sikorsky is a global company primarily engaged in the research , design , development , manufacture and support of military and commercial helicopters . sikorsky 2019s products include military helicopters such as the black hawk , seahawk , ch-53k , h-92 ; and commercial helicopters such as the s-76 and s-92 . the acquisition enables us to extend our core business into the military and commercial rotary wing markets , allowing us to strengthen our position in the aerospace and defense industry . further , this acquisition will expand our presence in commercial and international markets . sikorsky has been aligned under our rms business segment . to fund the $ 9.0 billion acquisition price , we utilized $ 6.0 billion of proceeds borrowed under a temporary 364-day revolving credit facility ( the 364-day facility ) , $ 2.0 billion of cash on hand and $ 1.0 billion from the issuance of commercial paper . in the fourth quarter of 2015 , we repaid all outstanding borrowings under the 364-day facility with the proceeds from the issuance of $ 7.0 billion of fixed interest-rate long-term notes in a public offering ( the november 2015 notes ) . in the fourth quarter of 2015 , we also repaid the $ 1.0 billion in commercial paper borrowings ( see 201cnote 10 2013 debt 201d ) . . Conversations: q0: what was the weighted average common shares outstanding for diluted computations in 2016? 303.1 Question: and in 2015? Answer:

314.7

convfinqa1534

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: benefits as an increase to earnings of $ 152 million ( $ 0.50 per share ) during the year ended december 31 , 2016 . additionally , we recognized additional income tax benefits as an increase to operating cash flows of $ 152 million during the year ended december 31 , 2016 . the new accounting standard did not impact any periods prior to january 1 , 2016 , as we applied the changes in the asu on a prospective basis . in september 2015 , the fasb issued asu no . 2015-16 , business combinations ( topic 805 ) , which simplifies the accounting for adjustments made to preliminary amounts recognized in a business combination by eliminating the requirement to retrospectively account for those adjustments . instead , adjustments will be recognized in the period in which the adjustments are determined , including the effect on earnings of any amounts that would have been recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date . we adopted the asu on january 1 , 2016 and are prospectively applying the asu to business combination adjustments identified after the date of adoption . in november 2015 , the fasb issued asu no . 2015-17 , income taxes ( topic 740 ) , which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes and requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities , as well as any related valuation allowance , be classified as noncurrent in our consolidated balance sheets . we applied the provisions of the asu retrospectively and reclassified approximately $ 1.6 billion from current to noncurrent assets and approximately $ 140 million from current to noncurrent liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of december 31 , 2015 . note 2 2013 earnings per share the weighted average number of shares outstanding used to compute earnings per common share were as follows ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>weighted average common shares outstanding for basic computations</td><td>299.3</td><td>310.3</td><td>316.8</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>weighted average dilutive effect of equity awards</td><td>3.8</td><td>4.4</td><td>5.6</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>weighted average common shares outstanding for dilutedcomputations</td><td>303.1</td><td>314.7</td><td>322.4</td></tr></table> we compute basic and diluted earnings per common share by dividing net earnings by the respective weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the periods presented . our calculation of diluted earnings per common share also includes the dilutive effects for the assumed vesting of outstanding restricted stock units and exercise of outstanding stock options based on the treasury stock method . there were no anti-dilutive equity awards for the years ended december 31 , 2016 , 2015 and 2014 . note 3 2013 acquisitions and divestitures acquisitions acquisition of sikorsky aircraft corporation on november 6 , 2015 , we completed the acquisition of sikorsky aircraft corporation and certain affiliated companies ( collectively 201csikorsky 201d ) from united technologies corporation ( utc ) and certain of utc 2019s subsidiaries . the purchase price of the acquisition was $ 9.0 billion , net of cash acquired . as a result of the acquisition , sikorsky became a wholly- owned subsidiary of ours . sikorsky is a global company primarily engaged in the research , design , development , manufacture and support of military and commercial helicopters . sikorsky 2019s products include military helicopters such as the black hawk , seahawk , ch-53k , h-92 ; and commercial helicopters such as the s-76 and s-92 . the acquisition enables us to extend our core business into the military and commercial rotary wing markets , allowing us to strengthen our position in the aerospace and defense industry . further , this acquisition will expand our presence in commercial and international markets . sikorsky has been aligned under our rms business segment . to fund the $ 9.0 billion acquisition price , we utilized $ 6.0 billion of proceeds borrowed under a temporary 364-day revolving credit facility ( the 364-day facility ) , $ 2.0 billion of cash on hand and $ 1.0 billion from the issuance of commercial paper . in the fourth quarter of 2015 , we repaid all outstanding borrowings under the 364-day facility with the proceeds from the issuance of $ 7.0 billion of fixed interest-rate long-term notes in a public offering ( the november 2015 notes ) . in the fourth quarter of 2015 , we also repaid the $ 1.0 billion in commercial paper borrowings ( see 201cnote 10 2013 debt 201d ) . . Conversations: q0: what was the weighted average common shares outstanding for diluted computations in 2016? 303.1 q1: and in 2015? 314.7 Question: so what was the difference between these two years? Answer:

-11.6

convfinqa1535

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: benefits as an increase to earnings of $ 152 million ( $ 0.50 per share ) during the year ended december 31 , 2016 . additionally , we recognized additional income tax benefits as an increase to operating cash flows of $ 152 million during the year ended december 31 , 2016 . the new accounting standard did not impact any periods prior to january 1 , 2016 , as we applied the changes in the asu on a prospective basis . in september 2015 , the fasb issued asu no . 2015-16 , business combinations ( topic 805 ) , which simplifies the accounting for adjustments made to preliminary amounts recognized in a business combination by eliminating the requirement to retrospectively account for those adjustments . instead , adjustments will be recognized in the period in which the adjustments are determined , including the effect on earnings of any amounts that would have been recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date . we adopted the asu on january 1 , 2016 and are prospectively applying the asu to business combination adjustments identified after the date of adoption . in november 2015 , the fasb issued asu no . 2015-17 , income taxes ( topic 740 ) , which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes and requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities , as well as any related valuation allowance , be classified as noncurrent in our consolidated balance sheets . we applied the provisions of the asu retrospectively and reclassified approximately $ 1.6 billion from current to noncurrent assets and approximately $ 140 million from current to noncurrent liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of december 31 , 2015 . note 2 2013 earnings per share the weighted average number of shares outstanding used to compute earnings per common share were as follows ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>weighted average common shares outstanding for basic computations</td><td>299.3</td><td>310.3</td><td>316.8</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>weighted average dilutive effect of equity awards</td><td>3.8</td><td>4.4</td><td>5.6</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>weighted average common shares outstanding for dilutedcomputations</td><td>303.1</td><td>314.7</td><td>322.4</td></tr></table> we compute basic and diluted earnings per common share by dividing net earnings by the respective weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the periods presented . our calculation of diluted earnings per common share also includes the dilutive effects for the assumed vesting of outstanding restricted stock units and exercise of outstanding stock options based on the treasury stock method . there were no anti-dilutive equity awards for the years ended december 31 , 2016 , 2015 and 2014 . note 3 2013 acquisitions and divestitures acquisitions acquisition of sikorsky aircraft corporation on november 6 , 2015 , we completed the acquisition of sikorsky aircraft corporation and certain affiliated companies ( collectively 201csikorsky 201d ) from united technologies corporation ( utc ) and certain of utc 2019s subsidiaries . the purchase price of the acquisition was $ 9.0 billion , net of cash acquired . as a result of the acquisition , sikorsky became a wholly- owned subsidiary of ours . sikorsky is a global company primarily engaged in the research , design , development , manufacture and support of military and commercial helicopters . sikorsky 2019s products include military helicopters such as the black hawk , seahawk , ch-53k , h-92 ; and commercial helicopters such as the s-76 and s-92 . the acquisition enables us to extend our core business into the military and commercial rotary wing markets , allowing us to strengthen our position in the aerospace and defense industry . further , this acquisition will expand our presence in commercial and international markets . sikorsky has been aligned under our rms business segment . to fund the $ 9.0 billion acquisition price , we utilized $ 6.0 billion of proceeds borrowed under a temporary 364-day revolving credit facility ( the 364-day facility ) , $ 2.0 billion of cash on hand and $ 1.0 billion from the issuance of commercial paper . in the fourth quarter of 2015 , we repaid all outstanding borrowings under the 364-day facility with the proceeds from the issuance of $ 7.0 billion of fixed interest-rate long-term notes in a public offering ( the november 2015 notes ) . in the fourth quarter of 2015 , we also repaid the $ 1.0 billion in commercial paper borrowings ( see 201cnote 10 2013 debt 201d ) . . Conversations: q0: what was the weighted average common shares outstanding for diluted computations in 2016? 303.1 q1: and in 2015? 314.7 q2: so what was the difference between these two years? -11.6 Question: and the percentage change during this time? Answer:

-0.03686

convfinqa1536

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: bhge 2018 form 10-k | 39 outstanding under the commercial paper program . the maximum combined borrowing at any time under both the 2017 credit agreement and the commercial paper program is $ 3 billion . if market conditions were to change and our revenue was reduced significantly or operating costs were to increase , our cash flows and liquidity could be reduced . additionally , it could cause the rating agencies to lower our credit rating . there are no ratings triggers that would accelerate the maturity of any borrowings under our committed credit facility . however , a downgrade in our credit ratings could increase the cost of borrowings under the credit facility and could also limit or preclude our ability to issue commercial paper . should this occur , we could seek alternative sources of funding , including borrowing under the credit facility . during the year ended december 31 , 2018 , we used cash to fund a variety of activities including certain working capital needs and restructuring costs , capital expenditures , the repayment of debt , payment of dividends , distributions to ge and share repurchases . we believe that cash on hand , cash flows generated from operations and the available credit facility will provide sufficient liquidity to manage our global cash needs . cash flows cash flows provided by ( used in ) each type of activity were as follows for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating activities</td><td>$ 1762</td><td>$ -799 ( 799 )</td><td>$ 262</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investing activities</td><td>-578 ( 578 )</td><td>-4123 ( 4123 )</td><td>-472 ( 472 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>financing activities</td><td>-4363 ( 4363 )</td><td>10919</td><td>-102 ( 102 )</td></tr></table> operating activities our largest source of operating cash is payments from customers , of which the largest component is collecting cash related to product or services sales including advance payments or progress collections for work to be performed . the primary use of operating cash is to pay our suppliers , employees , tax authorities and others for a wide range of material and services . cash flows from operating activities generated cash of $ 1762 million and used cash of $ 799 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities increased $ 2561 million in 2018 primarily driven by better operating performance . these cash inflows were supported by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2018 , including approximately $ 300 million for a progress collection payment from a customer . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2018 and 2017 are payments of $ 473 million and $ 612 million , respectively , made primarily for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . cash flows from operating activities used $ 799 million and generated $ 262 million for the years ended december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities decreased $ 1061 million in 2017 primarily driven by a $ 1201 million negative impact from ending our receivables monetization program in the fourth quarter , and restructuring related payments throughout the year . these cash outflows were partially offset by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2017 . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2017 and 2016 are payments of $ 612 million and $ 177 million , respectively , made for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . investing activities cash flows from investing activities used cash of $ 578 million , $ 4123 million and $ 472 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . our principal recurring investing activity is the funding of capital expenditures to ensure that we have the appropriate levels and types of machinery and equipment in place to generate revenue from operations . expenditures for capital assets totaled $ 995 million , $ 665 million and $ 424 million for 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively , partially offset by cash flows from the sale of property , plant and equipment of $ 458 million , $ 172 million and $ 20 million in 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . proceeds from the disposal of assets related primarily . Conversations: Question: what was the change in cash used for operating in 2017? Answer:

-799.0

convfinqa1537

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: bhge 2018 form 10-k | 39 outstanding under the commercial paper program . the maximum combined borrowing at any time under both the 2017 credit agreement and the commercial paper program is $ 3 billion . if market conditions were to change and our revenue was reduced significantly or operating costs were to increase , our cash flows and liquidity could be reduced . additionally , it could cause the rating agencies to lower our credit rating . there are no ratings triggers that would accelerate the maturity of any borrowings under our committed credit facility . however , a downgrade in our credit ratings could increase the cost of borrowings under the credit facility and could also limit or preclude our ability to issue commercial paper . should this occur , we could seek alternative sources of funding , including borrowing under the credit facility . during the year ended december 31 , 2018 , we used cash to fund a variety of activities including certain working capital needs and restructuring costs , capital expenditures , the repayment of debt , payment of dividends , distributions to ge and share repurchases . we believe that cash on hand , cash flows generated from operations and the available credit facility will provide sufficient liquidity to manage our global cash needs . cash flows cash flows provided by ( used in ) each type of activity were as follows for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating activities</td><td>$ 1762</td><td>$ -799 ( 799 )</td><td>$ 262</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investing activities</td><td>-578 ( 578 )</td><td>-4123 ( 4123 )</td><td>-472 ( 472 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>financing activities</td><td>-4363 ( 4363 )</td><td>10919</td><td>-102 ( 102 )</td></tr></table> operating activities our largest source of operating cash is payments from customers , of which the largest component is collecting cash related to product or services sales including advance payments or progress collections for work to be performed . the primary use of operating cash is to pay our suppliers , employees , tax authorities and others for a wide range of material and services . cash flows from operating activities generated cash of $ 1762 million and used cash of $ 799 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities increased $ 2561 million in 2018 primarily driven by better operating performance . these cash inflows were supported by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2018 , including approximately $ 300 million for a progress collection payment from a customer . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2018 and 2017 are payments of $ 473 million and $ 612 million , respectively , made primarily for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . cash flows from operating activities used $ 799 million and generated $ 262 million for the years ended december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities decreased $ 1061 million in 2017 primarily driven by a $ 1201 million negative impact from ending our receivables monetization program in the fourth quarter , and restructuring related payments throughout the year . these cash outflows were partially offset by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2017 . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2017 and 2016 are payments of $ 612 million and $ 177 million , respectively , made for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . investing activities cash flows from investing activities used cash of $ 578 million , $ 4123 million and $ 472 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . our principal recurring investing activity is the funding of capital expenditures to ensure that we have the appropriate levels and types of machinery and equipment in place to generate revenue from operations . expenditures for capital assets totaled $ 995 million , $ 665 million and $ 424 million for 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively , partially offset by cash flows from the sale of property , plant and equipment of $ 458 million , $ 172 million and $ 20 million in 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . proceeds from the disposal of assets related primarily . Conversations: q0: what was the change in cash used for operating in 2017? -799.0 Question: what was used for investing? Answer:

-4123.0

convfinqa1538

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: bhge 2018 form 10-k | 39 outstanding under the commercial paper program . the maximum combined borrowing at any time under both the 2017 credit agreement and the commercial paper program is $ 3 billion . if market conditions were to change and our revenue was reduced significantly or operating costs were to increase , our cash flows and liquidity could be reduced . additionally , it could cause the rating agencies to lower our credit rating . there are no ratings triggers that would accelerate the maturity of any borrowings under our committed credit facility . however , a downgrade in our credit ratings could increase the cost of borrowings under the credit facility and could also limit or preclude our ability to issue commercial paper . should this occur , we could seek alternative sources of funding , including borrowing under the credit facility . during the year ended december 31 , 2018 , we used cash to fund a variety of activities including certain working capital needs and restructuring costs , capital expenditures , the repayment of debt , payment of dividends , distributions to ge and share repurchases . we believe that cash on hand , cash flows generated from operations and the available credit facility will provide sufficient liquidity to manage our global cash needs . cash flows cash flows provided by ( used in ) each type of activity were as follows for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating activities</td><td>$ 1762</td><td>$ -799 ( 799 )</td><td>$ 262</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investing activities</td><td>-578 ( 578 )</td><td>-4123 ( 4123 )</td><td>-472 ( 472 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>financing activities</td><td>-4363 ( 4363 )</td><td>10919</td><td>-102 ( 102 )</td></tr></table> operating activities our largest source of operating cash is payments from customers , of which the largest component is collecting cash related to product or services sales including advance payments or progress collections for work to be performed . the primary use of operating cash is to pay our suppliers , employees , tax authorities and others for a wide range of material and services . cash flows from operating activities generated cash of $ 1762 million and used cash of $ 799 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities increased $ 2561 million in 2018 primarily driven by better operating performance . these cash inflows were supported by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2018 , including approximately $ 300 million for a progress collection payment from a customer . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2018 and 2017 are payments of $ 473 million and $ 612 million , respectively , made primarily for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . cash flows from operating activities used $ 799 million and generated $ 262 million for the years ended december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities decreased $ 1061 million in 2017 primarily driven by a $ 1201 million negative impact from ending our receivables monetization program in the fourth quarter , and restructuring related payments throughout the year . these cash outflows were partially offset by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2017 . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2017 and 2016 are payments of $ 612 million and $ 177 million , respectively , made for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . investing activities cash flows from investing activities used cash of $ 578 million , $ 4123 million and $ 472 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . our principal recurring investing activity is the funding of capital expenditures to ensure that we have the appropriate levels and types of machinery and equipment in place to generate revenue from operations . expenditures for capital assets totaled $ 995 million , $ 665 million and $ 424 million for 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively , partially offset by cash flows from the sale of property , plant and equipment of $ 458 million , $ 172 million and $ 20 million in 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . proceeds from the disposal of assets related primarily . Conversations: q0: what was the change in cash used for operating in 2017? -799.0 q1: what was used for investing? -4123.0 Question: what is the sum? Answer:

-4922.0

convfinqa1539

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: bhge 2018 form 10-k | 39 outstanding under the commercial paper program . the maximum combined borrowing at any time under both the 2017 credit agreement and the commercial paper program is $ 3 billion . if market conditions were to change and our revenue was reduced significantly or operating costs were to increase , our cash flows and liquidity could be reduced . additionally , it could cause the rating agencies to lower our credit rating . there are no ratings triggers that would accelerate the maturity of any borrowings under our committed credit facility . however , a downgrade in our credit ratings could increase the cost of borrowings under the credit facility and could also limit or preclude our ability to issue commercial paper . should this occur , we could seek alternative sources of funding , including borrowing under the credit facility . during the year ended december 31 , 2018 , we used cash to fund a variety of activities including certain working capital needs and restructuring costs , capital expenditures , the repayment of debt , payment of dividends , distributions to ge and share repurchases . we believe that cash on hand , cash flows generated from operations and the available credit facility will provide sufficient liquidity to manage our global cash needs . cash flows cash flows provided by ( used in ) each type of activity were as follows for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating activities</td><td>$ 1762</td><td>$ -799 ( 799 )</td><td>$ 262</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investing activities</td><td>-578 ( 578 )</td><td>-4123 ( 4123 )</td><td>-472 ( 472 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>financing activities</td><td>-4363 ( 4363 )</td><td>10919</td><td>-102 ( 102 )</td></tr></table> operating activities our largest source of operating cash is payments from customers , of which the largest component is collecting cash related to product or services sales including advance payments or progress collections for work to be performed . the primary use of operating cash is to pay our suppliers , employees , tax authorities and others for a wide range of material and services . cash flows from operating activities generated cash of $ 1762 million and used cash of $ 799 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities increased $ 2561 million in 2018 primarily driven by better operating performance . these cash inflows were supported by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2018 , including approximately $ 300 million for a progress collection payment from a customer . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2018 and 2017 are payments of $ 473 million and $ 612 million , respectively , made primarily for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . cash flows from operating activities used $ 799 million and generated $ 262 million for the years ended december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities decreased $ 1061 million in 2017 primarily driven by a $ 1201 million negative impact from ending our receivables monetization program in the fourth quarter , and restructuring related payments throughout the year . these cash outflows were partially offset by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2017 . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2017 and 2016 are payments of $ 612 million and $ 177 million , respectively , made for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . investing activities cash flows from investing activities used cash of $ 578 million , $ 4123 million and $ 472 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . our principal recurring investing activity is the funding of capital expenditures to ensure that we have the appropriate levels and types of machinery and equipment in place to generate revenue from operations . expenditures for capital assets totaled $ 995 million , $ 665 million and $ 424 million for 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively , partially offset by cash flows from the sale of property , plant and equipment of $ 458 million , $ 172 million and $ 20 million in 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . proceeds from the disposal of assets related primarily . Conversations: q0: what was the change in cash used for operating in 2017? -799.0 q1: what was used for investing? -4123.0 q2: what is the sum? -4922.0 Question: what is the amount of cash from financing activities? Answer:

10919.0

convfinqa1540

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: bhge 2018 form 10-k | 39 outstanding under the commercial paper program . the maximum combined borrowing at any time under both the 2017 credit agreement and the commercial paper program is $ 3 billion . if market conditions were to change and our revenue was reduced significantly or operating costs were to increase , our cash flows and liquidity could be reduced . additionally , it could cause the rating agencies to lower our credit rating . there are no ratings triggers that would accelerate the maturity of any borrowings under our committed credit facility . however , a downgrade in our credit ratings could increase the cost of borrowings under the credit facility and could also limit or preclude our ability to issue commercial paper . should this occur , we could seek alternative sources of funding , including borrowing under the credit facility . during the year ended december 31 , 2018 , we used cash to fund a variety of activities including certain working capital needs and restructuring costs , capital expenditures , the repayment of debt , payment of dividends , distributions to ge and share repurchases . we believe that cash on hand , cash flows generated from operations and the available credit facility will provide sufficient liquidity to manage our global cash needs . cash flows cash flows provided by ( used in ) each type of activity were as follows for the years ended december 31: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>operating activities</td><td>$ 1762</td><td>$ -799 ( 799 )</td><td>$ 262</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>investing activities</td><td>-578 ( 578 )</td><td>-4123 ( 4123 )</td><td>-472 ( 472 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>financing activities</td><td>-4363 ( 4363 )</td><td>10919</td><td>-102 ( 102 )</td></tr></table> operating activities our largest source of operating cash is payments from customers , of which the largest component is collecting cash related to product or services sales including advance payments or progress collections for work to be performed . the primary use of operating cash is to pay our suppliers , employees , tax authorities and others for a wide range of material and services . cash flows from operating activities generated cash of $ 1762 million and used cash of $ 799 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities increased $ 2561 million in 2018 primarily driven by better operating performance . these cash inflows were supported by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2018 , including approximately $ 300 million for a progress collection payment from a customer . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2018 and 2017 are payments of $ 473 million and $ 612 million , respectively , made primarily for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . cash flows from operating activities used $ 799 million and generated $ 262 million for the years ended december 31 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . cash flows from operating activities decreased $ 1061 million in 2017 primarily driven by a $ 1201 million negative impact from ending our receivables monetization program in the fourth quarter , and restructuring related payments throughout the year . these cash outflows were partially offset by strong working capital cash flows , especially in the fourth quarter of 2017 . included in our cash flows from operating activities for 2017 and 2016 are payments of $ 612 million and $ 177 million , respectively , made for employee severance as a result of our restructuring activities and merger and related costs . investing activities cash flows from investing activities used cash of $ 578 million , $ 4123 million and $ 472 million for the years ended december 31 , 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . our principal recurring investing activity is the funding of capital expenditures to ensure that we have the appropriate levels and types of machinery and equipment in place to generate revenue from operations . expenditures for capital assets totaled $ 995 million , $ 665 million and $ 424 million for 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively , partially offset by cash flows from the sale of property , plant and equipment of $ 458 million , $ 172 million and $ 20 million in 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively . proceeds from the disposal of assets related primarily . Conversations: q0: what was the change in cash used for operating in 2017? -799.0 q1: what was used for investing? -4123.0 q2: what is the sum? -4922.0 q3: what is the amount of cash from financing activities? 10919.0 Question: what is the total sum? Answer:

5997.0

convfinqa1541

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: 2022 net derivative losses of $ 13 million . review by segment general we serve clients through the following segments : 2022 risk solutions acts as an advisor and insurance and reinsurance broker , helping clients manage their risks , via consultation , as well as negotiation and placement of insurance risk with insurance carriers through our global distribution network . 2022 hr solutions partners with organizations to solve their most complex benefits , talent and related financial challenges , and improve business performance by designing , implementing , communicating and administering a wide range of human capital , retirement , investment management , health care , compensation and talent management strategies . risk solutions . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>years ended december 31,</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td>2009</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>revenue</td><td>$ 6817</td><td>$ 6423</td><td>$ 6305</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating income</td><td>1314</td><td>1194</td><td>900</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>operating margin</td><td>19.3% ( 19.3 % )</td><td>18.6% ( 18.6 % )</td><td>14.3% ( 14.3 % )</td></tr></table> the demand for property and casualty insurance generally rises as the overall level of economic activity increases and generally falls as such activity decreases , affecting both the commissions and fees generated by our brokerage business . the economic activity that impacts property and casualty insurance is described as exposure units , and is closely correlated with employment levels , corporate revenue and asset values . during 2011 we began to see some improvement in pricing ; however , we would still consider this to be a 2018 2018soft market , 2019 2019 which began in 2007 . in a soft market , premium rates flatten or decrease , along with commission revenues , due to increased competition for market share among insurance carriers or increased underwriting capacity . changes in premiums have a direct and potentially material impact on the insurance brokerage industry , as commission revenues are generally based on a percentage of the premiums paid by insureds . in 2011 , pricing showed signs of stabilization and improvement in both our retail and reinsurance brokerage product lines and we expect this trend to slowly continue into 2012 . additionally , beginning in late 2008 and continuing through 2011 , we faced difficult conditions as a result of unprecedented disruptions in the global economy , the repricing of credit risk and the deterioration of the financial markets . weak global economic conditions have reduced our customers 2019 demand for our brokerage products , which have had a negative impact on our operational results . risk solutions generated approximately 60% ( 60 % ) of our consolidated total revenues in 2011 . revenues are generated primarily through fees paid by clients , commissions and fees paid by insurance and reinsurance companies , and investment income on funds held on behalf of clients . our revenues vary from quarter to quarter throughout the year as a result of the timing of our clients 2019 policy renewals , the net effect of new and lost business , the timing of services provided to our clients , and the income we earn on investments , which is heavily influenced by short-term interest rates . we operate in a highly competitive industry and compete with many retail insurance brokerage and agency firms , as well as with individual brokers , agents , and direct writers of insurance coverage . specifically , we address the highly specialized product development and risk management needs of commercial enterprises , professional groups , insurance companies , governments , health care providers , and non-profit groups , among others ; provide affinity products for professional liability , life , disability . Conversations: Question: what was the operating income in 2011? Answer:

1314.0

convfinqa1542

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: 2022 net derivative losses of $ 13 million . review by segment general we serve clients through the following segments : 2022 risk solutions acts as an advisor and insurance and reinsurance broker , helping clients manage their risks , via consultation , as well as negotiation and placement of insurance risk with insurance carriers through our global distribution network . 2022 hr solutions partners with organizations to solve their most complex benefits , talent and related financial challenges , and improve business performance by designing , implementing , communicating and administering a wide range of human capital , retirement , investment management , health care , compensation and talent management strategies . risk solutions . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>years ended december 31,</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td>2009</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>revenue</td><td>$ 6817</td><td>$ 6423</td><td>$ 6305</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating income</td><td>1314</td><td>1194</td><td>900</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>operating margin</td><td>19.3% ( 19.3 % )</td><td>18.6% ( 18.6 % )</td><td>14.3% ( 14.3 % )</td></tr></table> the demand for property and casualty insurance generally rises as the overall level of economic activity increases and generally falls as such activity decreases , affecting both the commissions and fees generated by our brokerage business . the economic activity that impacts property and casualty insurance is described as exposure units , and is closely correlated with employment levels , corporate revenue and asset values . during 2011 we began to see some improvement in pricing ; however , we would still consider this to be a 2018 2018soft market , 2019 2019 which began in 2007 . in a soft market , premium rates flatten or decrease , along with commission revenues , due to increased competition for market share among insurance carriers or increased underwriting capacity . changes in premiums have a direct and potentially material impact on the insurance brokerage industry , as commission revenues are generally based on a percentage of the premiums paid by insureds . in 2011 , pricing showed signs of stabilization and improvement in both our retail and reinsurance brokerage product lines and we expect this trend to slowly continue into 2012 . additionally , beginning in late 2008 and continuing through 2011 , we faced difficult conditions as a result of unprecedented disruptions in the global economy , the repricing of credit risk and the deterioration of the financial markets . weak global economic conditions have reduced our customers 2019 demand for our brokerage products , which have had a negative impact on our operational results . risk solutions generated approximately 60% ( 60 % ) of our consolidated total revenues in 2011 . revenues are generated primarily through fees paid by clients , commissions and fees paid by insurance and reinsurance companies , and investment income on funds held on behalf of clients . our revenues vary from quarter to quarter throughout the year as a result of the timing of our clients 2019 policy renewals , the net effect of new and lost business , the timing of services provided to our clients , and the income we earn on investments , which is heavily influenced by short-term interest rates . we operate in a highly competitive industry and compete with many retail insurance brokerage and agency firms , as well as with individual brokers , agents , and direct writers of insurance coverage . specifically , we address the highly specialized product development and risk management needs of commercial enterprises , professional groups , insurance companies , governments , health care providers , and non-profit groups , among others ; provide affinity products for professional liability , life , disability . Conversations: q0: what was the operating income in 2011? 1314.0 Question: and in 2010? Answer:

1194.0

convfinqa1543

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: 2022 net derivative losses of $ 13 million . review by segment general we serve clients through the following segments : 2022 risk solutions acts as an advisor and insurance and reinsurance broker , helping clients manage their risks , via consultation , as well as negotiation and placement of insurance risk with insurance carriers through our global distribution network . 2022 hr solutions partners with organizations to solve their most complex benefits , talent and related financial challenges , and improve business performance by designing , implementing , communicating and administering a wide range of human capital , retirement , investment management , health care , compensation and talent management strategies . risk solutions . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>years ended december 31,</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td>2009</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>revenue</td><td>$ 6817</td><td>$ 6423</td><td>$ 6305</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating income</td><td>1314</td><td>1194</td><td>900</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>operating margin</td><td>19.3% ( 19.3 % )</td><td>18.6% ( 18.6 % )</td><td>14.3% ( 14.3 % )</td></tr></table> the demand for property and casualty insurance generally rises as the overall level of economic activity increases and generally falls as such activity decreases , affecting both the commissions and fees generated by our brokerage business . the economic activity that impacts property and casualty insurance is described as exposure units , and is closely correlated with employment levels , corporate revenue and asset values . during 2011 we began to see some improvement in pricing ; however , we would still consider this to be a 2018 2018soft market , 2019 2019 which began in 2007 . in a soft market , premium rates flatten or decrease , along with commission revenues , due to increased competition for market share among insurance carriers or increased underwriting capacity . changes in premiums have a direct and potentially material impact on the insurance brokerage industry , as commission revenues are generally based on a percentage of the premiums paid by insureds . in 2011 , pricing showed signs of stabilization and improvement in both our retail and reinsurance brokerage product lines and we expect this trend to slowly continue into 2012 . additionally , beginning in late 2008 and continuing through 2011 , we faced difficult conditions as a result of unprecedented disruptions in the global economy , the repricing of credit risk and the deterioration of the financial markets . weak global economic conditions have reduced our customers 2019 demand for our brokerage products , which have had a negative impact on our operational results . risk solutions generated approximately 60% ( 60 % ) of our consolidated total revenues in 2011 . revenues are generated primarily through fees paid by clients , commissions and fees paid by insurance and reinsurance companies , and investment income on funds held on behalf of clients . our revenues vary from quarter to quarter throughout the year as a result of the timing of our clients 2019 policy renewals , the net effect of new and lost business , the timing of services provided to our clients , and the income we earn on investments , which is heavily influenced by short-term interest rates . we operate in a highly competitive industry and compete with many retail insurance brokerage and agency firms , as well as with individual brokers , agents , and direct writers of insurance coverage . specifically , we address the highly specialized product development and risk management needs of commercial enterprises , professional groups , insurance companies , governments , health care providers , and non-profit groups , among others ; provide affinity products for professional liability , life , disability . Conversations: q0: what was the operating income in 2011? 1314.0 q1: and in 2010? 1194.0 Question: so what was the difference in this value over these years? Answer:

120.0

convfinqa1544

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: 2022 net derivative losses of $ 13 million . review by segment general we serve clients through the following segments : 2022 risk solutions acts as an advisor and insurance and reinsurance broker , helping clients manage their risks , via consultation , as well as negotiation and placement of insurance risk with insurance carriers through our global distribution network . 2022 hr solutions partners with organizations to solve their most complex benefits , talent and related financial challenges , and improve business performance by designing , implementing , communicating and administering a wide range of human capital , retirement , investment management , health care , compensation and talent management strategies . risk solutions . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>years ended december 31,</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td>2009</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>revenue</td><td>$ 6817</td><td>$ 6423</td><td>$ 6305</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating income</td><td>1314</td><td>1194</td><td>900</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>operating margin</td><td>19.3% ( 19.3 % )</td><td>18.6% ( 18.6 % )</td><td>14.3% ( 14.3 % )</td></tr></table> the demand for property and casualty insurance generally rises as the overall level of economic activity increases and generally falls as such activity decreases , affecting both the commissions and fees generated by our brokerage business . the economic activity that impacts property and casualty insurance is described as exposure units , and is closely correlated with employment levels , corporate revenue and asset values . during 2011 we began to see some improvement in pricing ; however , we would still consider this to be a 2018 2018soft market , 2019 2019 which began in 2007 . in a soft market , premium rates flatten or decrease , along with commission revenues , due to increased competition for market share among insurance carriers or increased underwriting capacity . changes in premiums have a direct and potentially material impact on the insurance brokerage industry , as commission revenues are generally based on a percentage of the premiums paid by insureds . in 2011 , pricing showed signs of stabilization and improvement in both our retail and reinsurance brokerage product lines and we expect this trend to slowly continue into 2012 . additionally , beginning in late 2008 and continuing through 2011 , we faced difficult conditions as a result of unprecedented disruptions in the global economy , the repricing of credit risk and the deterioration of the financial markets . weak global economic conditions have reduced our customers 2019 demand for our brokerage products , which have had a negative impact on our operational results . risk solutions generated approximately 60% ( 60 % ) of our consolidated total revenues in 2011 . revenues are generated primarily through fees paid by clients , commissions and fees paid by insurance and reinsurance companies , and investment income on funds held on behalf of clients . our revenues vary from quarter to quarter throughout the year as a result of the timing of our clients 2019 policy renewals , the net effect of new and lost business , the timing of services provided to our clients , and the income we earn on investments , which is heavily influenced by short-term interest rates . we operate in a highly competitive industry and compete with many retail insurance brokerage and agency firms , as well as with individual brokers , agents , and direct writers of insurance coverage . specifically , we address the highly specialized product development and risk management needs of commercial enterprises , professional groups , insurance companies , governments , health care providers , and non-profit groups , among others ; provide affinity products for professional liability , life , disability . Conversations: q0: what was the operating income in 2011? 1314.0 q1: and in 2010? 1194.0 q2: so what was the difference in this value over these years? 120.0 Question: and the specific value for 2010 again? Answer:

1194.0

convfinqa1545

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: 2022 net derivative losses of $ 13 million . review by segment general we serve clients through the following segments : 2022 risk solutions acts as an advisor and insurance and reinsurance broker , helping clients manage their risks , via consultation , as well as negotiation and placement of insurance risk with insurance carriers through our global distribution network . 2022 hr solutions partners with organizations to solve their most complex benefits , talent and related financial challenges , and improve business performance by designing , implementing , communicating and administering a wide range of human capital , retirement , investment management , health care , compensation and talent management strategies . risk solutions . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>years ended december 31,</td><td>2011</td><td>2010</td><td>2009</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>revenue</td><td>$ 6817</td><td>$ 6423</td><td>$ 6305</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>operating income</td><td>1314</td><td>1194</td><td>900</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>operating margin</td><td>19.3% ( 19.3 % )</td><td>18.6% ( 18.6 % )</td><td>14.3% ( 14.3 % )</td></tr></table> the demand for property and casualty insurance generally rises as the overall level of economic activity increases and generally falls as such activity decreases , affecting both the commissions and fees generated by our brokerage business . the economic activity that impacts property and casualty insurance is described as exposure units , and is closely correlated with employment levels , corporate revenue and asset values . during 2011 we began to see some improvement in pricing ; however , we would still consider this to be a 2018 2018soft market , 2019 2019 which began in 2007 . in a soft market , premium rates flatten or decrease , along with commission revenues , due to increased competition for market share among insurance carriers or increased underwriting capacity . changes in premiums have a direct and potentially material impact on the insurance brokerage industry , as commission revenues are generally based on a percentage of the premiums paid by insureds . in 2011 , pricing showed signs of stabilization and improvement in both our retail and reinsurance brokerage product lines and we expect this trend to slowly continue into 2012 . additionally , beginning in late 2008 and continuing through 2011 , we faced difficult conditions as a result of unprecedented disruptions in the global economy , the repricing of credit risk and the deterioration of the financial markets . weak global economic conditions have reduced our customers 2019 demand for our brokerage products , which have had a negative impact on our operational results . risk solutions generated approximately 60% ( 60 % ) of our consolidated total revenues in 2011 . revenues are generated primarily through fees paid by clients , commissions and fees paid by insurance and reinsurance companies , and investment income on funds held on behalf of clients . our revenues vary from quarter to quarter throughout the year as a result of the timing of our clients 2019 policy renewals , the net effect of new and lost business , the timing of services provided to our clients , and the income we earn on investments , which is heavily influenced by short-term interest rates . we operate in a highly competitive industry and compete with many retail insurance brokerage and agency firms , as well as with individual brokers , agents , and direct writers of insurance coverage . specifically , we address the highly specialized product development and risk management needs of commercial enterprises , professional groups , insurance companies , governments , health care providers , and non-profit groups , among others ; provide affinity products for professional liability , life , disability . Conversations: q0: what was the operating income in 2011? 1314.0 q1: and in 2010? 1194.0 q2: so what was the difference in this value over these years? 120.0 q3: and the specific value for 2010 again? 1194.0 Question: so what was the percentage increase? Answer:

0.1005

convfinqa1546

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: equity compensation plan information the following table presents the equity securities available for issuance under our equity compensation plans as of december 31 , 2018 . equity compensation plan information plan category number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options , warrants and rights ( 1 ) weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options , warrants and rights number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans ( excluding securities reflected in column ( a ) ) ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) equity compensation plans approved by security holders 399165 $ 0.00 3995600 equity compensation plans not approved by security holders ( 2 ) 2014 2014 2014 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>plan category</td><td>number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options warrants and rights ( 1 ) ( a ) ( b )</td><td>weighted-average exercise price of outstanding optionswarrants and rights</td><td>number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans ( excluding securitiesreflected in column ( a ) ) ( c )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>equity compensation plans approved by security holders</td><td>399165</td><td>$ 0.00</td><td>3995600</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>equity compensation plans not approved by security holders ( 2 )</td><td>2014</td><td>2014</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>total</td><td>399165</td><td>$ 0.00</td><td>3995600</td></tr></table> ( 1 ) includes grants made under the huntington ingalls industries , inc . 2012 long-term incentive stock plan ( the "2012 plan" ) , which was approved by our stockholders on may 2 , 2012 , and the huntington ingalls industries , inc . 2011 long-term incentive stock plan ( the "2011 plan" ) , which was approved by the sole stockholder of hii prior to its spin-off from northrop grumman corporation . of these shares , 27123 were stock rights granted under the 2011 plan . in addition , this number includes 31697 stock rights , 5051 restricted stock rights , and 335293 restricted performance stock rights granted under the 2012 plan , assuming target performance achievement . ( 2 ) there are no awards made under plans not approved by security holders . item 13 . certain relationships and related transactions , and director independence information as to certain relationships and related transactions and director independence will be incorporated herein by reference to the proxy statement for our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders , to be filed within 120 days after the end of the company 2019s fiscal year . item 14 . principal accountant fees and services information as to principal accountant fees and services will be incorporated herein by reference to the proxy statement for our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders , to be filed within 120 days after the end of the company 2019s fiscal year. . Conversations: Question: what is the sum of securities to be issued upon exercise of the outstanding options, warrants and rights and the total securities available for issue? Answer:

4394765.0

convfinqa1547

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: equity compensation plan information the following table presents the equity securities available for issuance under our equity compensation plans as of december 31 , 2018 . equity compensation plan information plan category number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options , warrants and rights ( 1 ) weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options , warrants and rights number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans ( excluding securities reflected in column ( a ) ) ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) equity compensation plans approved by security holders 399165 $ 0.00 3995600 equity compensation plans not approved by security holders ( 2 ) 2014 2014 2014 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>plan category</td><td>number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options warrants and rights ( 1 ) ( a ) ( b )</td><td>weighted-average exercise price of outstanding optionswarrants and rights</td><td>number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans ( excluding securitiesreflected in column ( a ) ) ( c )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>equity compensation plans approved by security holders</td><td>399165</td><td>$ 0.00</td><td>3995600</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>equity compensation plans not approved by security holders ( 2 )</td><td>2014</td><td>2014</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>total</td><td>399165</td><td>$ 0.00</td><td>3995600</td></tr></table> ( 1 ) includes grants made under the huntington ingalls industries , inc . 2012 long-term incentive stock plan ( the "2012 plan" ) , which was approved by our stockholders on may 2 , 2012 , and the huntington ingalls industries , inc . 2011 long-term incentive stock plan ( the "2011 plan" ) , which was approved by the sole stockholder of hii prior to its spin-off from northrop grumman corporation . of these shares , 27123 were stock rights granted under the 2011 plan . in addition , this number includes 31697 stock rights , 5051 restricted stock rights , and 335293 restricted performance stock rights granted under the 2012 plan , assuming target performance achievement . ( 2 ) there are no awards made under plans not approved by security holders . item 13 . certain relationships and related transactions , and director independence information as to certain relationships and related transactions and director independence will be incorporated herein by reference to the proxy statement for our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders , to be filed within 120 days after the end of the company 2019s fiscal year . item 14 . principal accountant fees and services information as to principal accountant fees and services will be incorporated herein by reference to the proxy statement for our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders , to be filed within 120 days after the end of the company 2019s fiscal year. . Conversations: q0: what is the sum of securities to be issued upon exercise of the outstanding options, warrants and rights and the total securities available for issue? 4394765.0 Question: what is the number of securities to be issued upon exercise of the outstanding options, warrants and rights? Answer:

399165.0

convfinqa1548

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: equity compensation plan information the following table presents the equity securities available for issuance under our equity compensation plans as of december 31 , 2018 . equity compensation plan information plan category number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options , warrants and rights ( 1 ) weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options , warrants and rights number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans ( excluding securities reflected in column ( a ) ) ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) equity compensation plans approved by security holders 399165 $ 0.00 3995600 equity compensation plans not approved by security holders ( 2 ) 2014 2014 2014 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>plan category</td><td>number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options warrants and rights ( 1 ) ( a ) ( b )</td><td>weighted-average exercise price of outstanding optionswarrants and rights</td><td>number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans ( excluding securitiesreflected in column ( a ) ) ( c )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>equity compensation plans approved by security holders</td><td>399165</td><td>$ 0.00</td><td>3995600</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>equity compensation plans not approved by security holders ( 2 )</td><td>2014</td><td>2014</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>total</td><td>399165</td><td>$ 0.00</td><td>3995600</td></tr></table> ( 1 ) includes grants made under the huntington ingalls industries , inc . 2012 long-term incentive stock plan ( the "2012 plan" ) , which was approved by our stockholders on may 2 , 2012 , and the huntington ingalls industries , inc . 2011 long-term incentive stock plan ( the "2011 plan" ) , which was approved by the sole stockholder of hii prior to its spin-off from northrop grumman corporation . of these shares , 27123 were stock rights granted under the 2011 plan . in addition , this number includes 31697 stock rights , 5051 restricted stock rights , and 335293 restricted performance stock rights granted under the 2012 plan , assuming target performance achievement . ( 2 ) there are no awards made under plans not approved by security holders . item 13 . certain relationships and related transactions , and director independence information as to certain relationships and related transactions and director independence will be incorporated herein by reference to the proxy statement for our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders , to be filed within 120 days after the end of the company 2019s fiscal year . item 14 . principal accountant fees and services information as to principal accountant fees and services will be incorporated herein by reference to the proxy statement for our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders , to be filed within 120 days after the end of the company 2019s fiscal year. . Conversations: q0: what is the sum of securities to be issued upon exercise of the outstanding options, warrants and rights and the total securities available for issue? 4394765.0 q1: what is the number of securities to be issued upon exercise of the outstanding options, warrants and rights? 399165.0 Question: what is that value divided by the total sum number of securities? Answer:

0.09083

convfinqa1549

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: consolidated results of operations year ended december 31 , 2018 compared to year ended december 31 , 2017 net revenues increased $ 203.9 million , or 4.1% ( 4.1 % ) , to $ 5193.2 million in 2018 from $ 4989.2 million in 2017 . net revenues by product category are summarized below: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in thousands )</td><td>year ended december 31 , 2018</td><td>year ended december 31 , 2017</td><td>year ended december 31 , $ change</td><td>year ended december 31 , % ( % ) change</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>apparel</td><td>$ 3462372</td><td>$ 3287121</td><td>$ 175251</td><td>5.3% ( 5.3 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>footwear</td><td>1063175</td><td>1037840</td><td>25335</td><td>2.4</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>accessories</td><td>422496</td><td>445838</td><td>-23342 ( 23342 )</td><td>-5.2 ( 5.2 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total net sales</td><td>4948043</td><td>4770799</td><td>177244</td><td>3.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>license</td><td>124785</td><td>116575</td><td>8210</td><td>7.0</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>connected fitness</td><td>120357</td><td>101870</td><td>18487</td><td>18.1</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>total net revenues</td><td>$ 5193185</td><td>$ 4989244</td><td>$ 203941</td><td>4.1% ( 4.1 % )</td></tr></table> the increase in net sales was driven primarily by : 2022 apparel unit sales growth driven by the train category ; and 2022 footwear unit sales growth , led by the run category . the increase was partially offset by unit sales decline in accessories . license revenues increased $ 8.2 million , or 7.0% ( 7.0 % ) , to $ 124.8 million in 2018 from $ 116.6 million in 2017 . connected fitness revenue increased $ 18.5 million , or 18.1% ( 18.1 % ) , to $ 120.4 million in 2018 from $ 101.9 million in 2017 primarily driven by increased subscribers on our fitness applications . gross profit increased $ 89.1 million to $ 2340.5 million in 2018 from $ 2251.4 million in 2017 . gross profit as a percentage of net revenues , or gross margin , was unchanged at 45.1% ( 45.1 % ) in 2018 compared to 2017 . gross profit percentage was favorably impacted by lower promotional activity , improvements in product cost , lower air freight , higher proportion of international and connected fitness revenue and changes in foreign currency ; these favorable impacts were offset by channel mix including higher sales to our off-price channel and restructuring related charges . with the exception of improvements in product input costs and air freight improvements , we do not expect these trends to have a material impact on the full year 2019 . selling , general and administrative expenses increased $ 82.8 million to $ 2182.3 million in 2018 from $ 2099.5 million in 2017 . as a percentage of net revenues , selling , general and administrative expenses decreased slightly to 42.0% ( 42.0 % ) in 2018 from 42.1% ( 42.1 % ) in 2017 . selling , general and administrative expense was impacted by the following : 2022 marketing costs decreased $ 21.3 million to $ 543.8 million in 2018 from $ 565.1 million in 2017 . this decrease was primarily due to restructuring efforts , resulting in lower compensation and contractual sports marketing . this decrease was partially offset by higher costs in connection with brand marketing campaigns and increased marketing investments with the growth of our international business . as a percentage of net revenues , marketing costs decreased to 10.5% ( 10.5 % ) in 2018 from 11.3% ( 11.3 % ) in 2017 . 2022 other costs increased $ 104.1 million to $ 1638.5 million in 2018 from $ 1534.4 million in 2017 . this increase was primarily due to higher incentive compensation expense and higher costs incurred for the continued expansion of our direct to consumer distribution channel and international business . as a percentage of net revenues , other costs increased to 31.6% ( 31.6 % ) in 2018 from 30.8% ( 30.8 % ) in 2017 . restructuring and impairment charges increased $ 59.1 million to $ 183.1 million from $ 124.0 million in 2017 . refer to the restructuring plans section above for a summary of charges . income ( loss ) from operations decreased $ 52.8 million , or 189.9% ( 189.9 % ) , to a loss of $ 25.0 million in 2018 from income of $ 27.8 million in 2017 . as a percentage of net revenues , income from operations decreased to a loss of 0.4% ( 0.4 % ) in 2018 from income of 0.5% ( 0.5 % ) in 2017 . income from operations for the year ended december 31 , 2018 was negatively impacted by $ 203.9 million of restructuring , impairment and related charges in connection with the 2018 restructuring plan . income from operations for the year ended december 31 , 2017 was negatively impacted by $ 129.1 million of restructuring , impairment and related charges in connection with the 2017 restructuring plan . interest expense , net decreased $ 0.9 million to $ 33.6 million in 2018 from $ 34.5 million in 2017. . Conversations: Question: what was the total net revenue for 2018? Answer:

5193185.0

convfinqa1550

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: consolidated results of operations year ended december 31 , 2018 compared to year ended december 31 , 2017 net revenues increased $ 203.9 million , or 4.1% ( 4.1 % ) , to $ 5193.2 million in 2018 from $ 4989.2 million in 2017 . net revenues by product category are summarized below: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in thousands )</td><td>year ended december 31 , 2018</td><td>year ended december 31 , 2017</td><td>year ended december 31 , $ change</td><td>year ended december 31 , % ( % ) change</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>apparel</td><td>$ 3462372</td><td>$ 3287121</td><td>$ 175251</td><td>5.3% ( 5.3 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>footwear</td><td>1063175</td><td>1037840</td><td>25335</td><td>2.4</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>accessories</td><td>422496</td><td>445838</td><td>-23342 ( 23342 )</td><td>-5.2 ( 5.2 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total net sales</td><td>4948043</td><td>4770799</td><td>177244</td><td>3.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>license</td><td>124785</td><td>116575</td><td>8210</td><td>7.0</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>connected fitness</td><td>120357</td><td>101870</td><td>18487</td><td>18.1</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>total net revenues</td><td>$ 5193185</td><td>$ 4989244</td><td>$ 203941</td><td>4.1% ( 4.1 % )</td></tr></table> the increase in net sales was driven primarily by : 2022 apparel unit sales growth driven by the train category ; and 2022 footwear unit sales growth , led by the run category . the increase was partially offset by unit sales decline in accessories . license revenues increased $ 8.2 million , or 7.0% ( 7.0 % ) , to $ 124.8 million in 2018 from $ 116.6 million in 2017 . connected fitness revenue increased $ 18.5 million , or 18.1% ( 18.1 % ) , to $ 120.4 million in 2018 from $ 101.9 million in 2017 primarily driven by increased subscribers on our fitness applications . gross profit increased $ 89.1 million to $ 2340.5 million in 2018 from $ 2251.4 million in 2017 . gross profit as a percentage of net revenues , or gross margin , was unchanged at 45.1% ( 45.1 % ) in 2018 compared to 2017 . gross profit percentage was favorably impacted by lower promotional activity , improvements in product cost , lower air freight , higher proportion of international and connected fitness revenue and changes in foreign currency ; these favorable impacts were offset by channel mix including higher sales to our off-price channel and restructuring related charges . with the exception of improvements in product input costs and air freight improvements , we do not expect these trends to have a material impact on the full year 2019 . selling , general and administrative expenses increased $ 82.8 million to $ 2182.3 million in 2018 from $ 2099.5 million in 2017 . as a percentage of net revenues , selling , general and administrative expenses decreased slightly to 42.0% ( 42.0 % ) in 2018 from 42.1% ( 42.1 % ) in 2017 . selling , general and administrative expense was impacted by the following : 2022 marketing costs decreased $ 21.3 million to $ 543.8 million in 2018 from $ 565.1 million in 2017 . this decrease was primarily due to restructuring efforts , resulting in lower compensation and contractual sports marketing . this decrease was partially offset by higher costs in connection with brand marketing campaigns and increased marketing investments with the growth of our international business . as a percentage of net revenues , marketing costs decreased to 10.5% ( 10.5 % ) in 2018 from 11.3% ( 11.3 % ) in 2017 . 2022 other costs increased $ 104.1 million to $ 1638.5 million in 2018 from $ 1534.4 million in 2017 . this increase was primarily due to higher incentive compensation expense and higher costs incurred for the continued expansion of our direct to consumer distribution channel and international business . as a percentage of net revenues , other costs increased to 31.6% ( 31.6 % ) in 2018 from 30.8% ( 30.8 % ) in 2017 . restructuring and impairment charges increased $ 59.1 million to $ 183.1 million from $ 124.0 million in 2017 . refer to the restructuring plans section above for a summary of charges . income ( loss ) from operations decreased $ 52.8 million , or 189.9% ( 189.9 % ) , to a loss of $ 25.0 million in 2018 from income of $ 27.8 million in 2017 . as a percentage of net revenues , income from operations decreased to a loss of 0.4% ( 0.4 % ) in 2018 from income of 0.5% ( 0.5 % ) in 2017 . income from operations for the year ended december 31 , 2018 was negatively impacted by $ 203.9 million of restructuring , impairment and related charges in connection with the 2018 restructuring plan . income from operations for the year ended december 31 , 2017 was negatively impacted by $ 129.1 million of restructuring , impairment and related charges in connection with the 2017 restructuring plan . interest expense , net decreased $ 0.9 million to $ 33.6 million in 2018 from $ 34.5 million in 2017. . Conversations: q0: what was the total net revenue for 2018? 5193185.0 Question: and converted to the thousands place? Answer:

5193.185

convfinqa1551

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: consolidated results of operations year ended december 31 , 2018 compared to year ended december 31 , 2017 net revenues increased $ 203.9 million , or 4.1% ( 4.1 % ) , to $ 5193.2 million in 2018 from $ 4989.2 million in 2017 . net revenues by product category are summarized below: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in thousands )</td><td>year ended december 31 , 2018</td><td>year ended december 31 , 2017</td><td>year ended december 31 , $ change</td><td>year ended december 31 , % ( % ) change</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>apparel</td><td>$ 3462372</td><td>$ 3287121</td><td>$ 175251</td><td>5.3% ( 5.3 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>footwear</td><td>1063175</td><td>1037840</td><td>25335</td><td>2.4</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>accessories</td><td>422496</td><td>445838</td><td>-23342 ( 23342 )</td><td>-5.2 ( 5.2 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total net sales</td><td>4948043</td><td>4770799</td><td>177244</td><td>3.7</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>license</td><td>124785</td><td>116575</td><td>8210</td><td>7.0</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>connected fitness</td><td>120357</td><td>101870</td><td>18487</td><td>18.1</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>total net revenues</td><td>$ 5193185</td><td>$ 4989244</td><td>$ 203941</td><td>4.1% ( 4.1 % )</td></tr></table> the increase in net sales was driven primarily by : 2022 apparel unit sales growth driven by the train category ; and 2022 footwear unit sales growth , led by the run category . the increase was partially offset by unit sales decline in accessories . license revenues increased $ 8.2 million , or 7.0% ( 7.0 % ) , to $ 124.8 million in 2018 from $ 116.6 million in 2017 . connected fitness revenue increased $ 18.5 million , or 18.1% ( 18.1 % ) , to $ 120.4 million in 2018 from $ 101.9 million in 2017 primarily driven by increased subscribers on our fitness applications . gross profit increased $ 89.1 million to $ 2340.5 million in 2018 from $ 2251.4 million in 2017 . gross profit as a percentage of net revenues , or gross margin , was unchanged at 45.1% ( 45.1 % ) in 2018 compared to 2017 . gross profit percentage was favorably impacted by lower promotional activity , improvements in product cost , lower air freight , higher proportion of international and connected fitness revenue and changes in foreign currency ; these favorable impacts were offset by channel mix including higher sales to our off-price channel and restructuring related charges . with the exception of improvements in product input costs and air freight improvements , we do not expect these trends to have a material impact on the full year 2019 . selling , general and administrative expenses increased $ 82.8 million to $ 2182.3 million in 2018 from $ 2099.5 million in 2017 . as a percentage of net revenues , selling , general and administrative expenses decreased slightly to 42.0% ( 42.0 % ) in 2018 from 42.1% ( 42.1 % ) in 2017 . selling , general and administrative expense was impacted by the following : 2022 marketing costs decreased $ 21.3 million to $ 543.8 million in 2018 from $ 565.1 million in 2017 . this decrease was primarily due to restructuring efforts , resulting in lower compensation and contractual sports marketing . this decrease was partially offset by higher costs in connection with brand marketing campaigns and increased marketing investments with the growth of our international business . as a percentage of net revenues , marketing costs decreased to 10.5% ( 10.5 % ) in 2018 from 11.3% ( 11.3 % ) in 2017 . 2022 other costs increased $ 104.1 million to $ 1638.5 million in 2018 from $ 1534.4 million in 2017 . this increase was primarily due to higher incentive compensation expense and higher costs incurred for the continued expansion of our direct to consumer distribution channel and international business . as a percentage of net revenues , other costs increased to 31.6% ( 31.6 % ) in 2018 from 30.8% ( 30.8 % ) in 2017 . restructuring and impairment charges increased $ 59.1 million to $ 183.1 million from $ 124.0 million in 2017 . refer to the restructuring plans section above for a summary of charges . income ( loss ) from operations decreased $ 52.8 million , or 189.9% ( 189.9 % ) , to a loss of $ 25.0 million in 2018 from income of $ 27.8 million in 2017 . as a percentage of net revenues , income from operations decreased to a loss of 0.4% ( 0.4 % ) in 2018 from income of 0.5% ( 0.5 % ) in 2017 . income from operations for the year ended december 31 , 2018 was negatively impacted by $ 203.9 million of restructuring , impairment and related charges in connection with the 2018 restructuring plan . income from operations for the year ended december 31 , 2017 was negatively impacted by $ 129.1 million of restructuring , impairment and related charges in connection with the 2017 restructuring plan . interest expense , net decreased $ 0.9 million to $ 33.6 million in 2018 from $ 34.5 million in 2017. . Conversations: q0: what was the total net revenue for 2018? 5193185.0 q1: and converted to the thousands place? 5193.185 Question: so what was the gross margin for the year? Answer:

0.45069

convfinqa1552

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: 2022 expand client relationships - the overall market we serve continues to gravitate beyond single-application purchases to multi-solution partnerships . as the market dynamics shift , we expect our clients and prospects to rely more on our multidimensional service offerings . our leveraged solutions and processing expertise can produce meaningful value and cost savings for our clients through more efficient operating processes , improved service quality and convenience for our clients' customers . 2022 build global diversification - we continue to deploy resources in global markets where we expect to achieve meaningful scale . revenues by segment the table below summarizes our revenues by reporting segment ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>ifs</td><td>$ 4630</td><td>$ 4525</td><td>$ 3809</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>gfs</td><td>4138</td><td>4250</td><td>2361</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>corporate and other</td><td>355</td><td>466</td><td>426</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total consolidated revenues</td><td>$ 9123</td><td>$ 9241</td><td>$ 6596</td></tr></table> integrated financial solutions ( "ifs" ) the ifs segment is focused primarily on serving north american regional and community bank and savings institutions for transaction and account processing , payment solutions , channel solutions , digital channels , fraud , risk management and compliance solutions , lending and wealth and retirement solutions , and corporate liquidity , capitalizing on the continuing trend to outsource these solutions . clients in this segment include regional and community banks , credit unions and commercial lenders , as well as government institutions , merchants and other commercial organizations . these markets are primarily served through integrated solutions and characterized by multi-year processing contracts that generate highly recurring revenues . the predictable nature of cash flows generated from this segment provides opportunities for further investments in innovation , integration , information and security , and compliance in a cost-effective manner . our solutions in this segment include : 2022 core processing and ancillary applications . our core processing software applications are designed to run banking processes for our financial institution clients , including deposit and lending systems , customer management , and other central management systems , serving as the system of record for processed activity . our diverse selection of market- focused core systems enables fis to compete effectively in a wide range of markets . we also offer a number of services that are ancillary to the primary applications listed above , including branch automation , back-office support systems and compliance support . 2022 digital solutions , including internet , mobile and ebanking . our comprehensive suite of retail delivery applications enables financial institutions to integrate and streamline customer-facing operations and back-office processes , thereby improving customer interaction across all channels ( e.g. , branch offices , internet , atm , mobile , call centers ) . fis' focus on consumer access has driven significant market innovation in this area , with multi-channel and multi-host solutions and a strategy that provides tight integration of services and a seamless customer experience . fis is a leader in mobile banking solutions and electronic banking enabling clients to manage banking and payments through the internet , mobile devices , accounting software and telephone . our corporate electronic banking solutions provide commercial treasury capabilities including cash management services and multi-bank collection and disbursement services that address the specialized needs of corporate clients . fis systems provide full accounting and reconciliation for such transactions , serving also as the system of record. . Conversations: Question: what was the net change in revenues generated by the fis segment from 2016 to 2017? Answer:

105.0

convfinqa1553

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: 2022 expand client relationships - the overall market we serve continues to gravitate beyond single-application purchases to multi-solution partnerships . as the market dynamics shift , we expect our clients and prospects to rely more on our multidimensional service offerings . our leveraged solutions and processing expertise can produce meaningful value and cost savings for our clients through more efficient operating processes , improved service quality and convenience for our clients' customers . 2022 build global diversification - we continue to deploy resources in global markets where we expect to achieve meaningful scale . revenues by segment the table below summarizes our revenues by reporting segment ( in millions ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>ifs</td><td>$ 4630</td><td>$ 4525</td><td>$ 3809</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>gfs</td><td>4138</td><td>4250</td><td>2361</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>corporate and other</td><td>355</td><td>466</td><td>426</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total consolidated revenues</td><td>$ 9123</td><td>$ 9241</td><td>$ 6596</td></tr></table> integrated financial solutions ( "ifs" ) the ifs segment is focused primarily on serving north american regional and community bank and savings institutions for transaction and account processing , payment solutions , channel solutions , digital channels , fraud , risk management and compliance solutions , lending and wealth and retirement solutions , and corporate liquidity , capitalizing on the continuing trend to outsource these solutions . clients in this segment include regional and community banks , credit unions and commercial lenders , as well as government institutions , merchants and other commercial organizations . these markets are primarily served through integrated solutions and characterized by multi-year processing contracts that generate highly recurring revenues . the predictable nature of cash flows generated from this segment provides opportunities for further investments in innovation , integration , information and security , and compliance in a cost-effective manner . our solutions in this segment include : 2022 core processing and ancillary applications . our core processing software applications are designed to run banking processes for our financial institution clients , including deposit and lending systems , customer management , and other central management systems , serving as the system of record for processed activity . our diverse selection of market- focused core systems enables fis to compete effectively in a wide range of markets . we also offer a number of services that are ancillary to the primary applications listed above , including branch automation , back-office support systems and compliance support . 2022 digital solutions , including internet , mobile and ebanking . our comprehensive suite of retail delivery applications enables financial institutions to integrate and streamline customer-facing operations and back-office processes , thereby improving customer interaction across all channels ( e.g. , branch offices , internet , atm , mobile , call centers ) . fis' focus on consumer access has driven significant market innovation in this area , with multi-channel and multi-host solutions and a strategy that provides tight integration of services and a seamless customer experience . fis is a leader in mobile banking solutions and electronic banking enabling clients to manage banking and payments through the internet , mobile devices , accounting software and telephone . our corporate electronic banking solutions provide commercial treasury capabilities including cash management services and multi-bank collection and disbursement services that address the specialized needs of corporate clients . fis systems provide full accounting and reconciliation for such transactions , serving also as the system of record. . Conversations: q0: what was the net change in revenues generated by the fis segment from 2016 to 2017? 105.0 Question: what is the percent change? Answer:

0.0232

convfinqa1554

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: of sales , competitive supply gross margin declined in south america , europe/africa and the caribbean and remained relatively flat in north america and asia . large utilities gross margin increased $ 201 million , or 37% ( 37 % ) , to $ 739 million in 2001 from $ 538 million in 2000 . excluding businesses acquired or that commenced commercial operations during 2001 and 2000 , large utilities gross margin increased 10% ( 10 % ) to $ 396 million in 2001 . large utilities gross margin as a percentage of revenues increased to 30% ( 30 % ) in 2001 from 25% ( 25 % ) in 2000 . in the caribbean ( which includes venezuela ) , large utility gross margin increased $ 166 million and was due to a full year of contribution from edc which was acquired in june 2000 . also , in north america , the gross margin contributions from both ipalco and cilcorp increased . growth distribution gross margin increased $ 165 million , or 126% ( 126 % ) to $ 296 million in 2001 from $ 131 million in 2000 . excluding businesses acquired during 2001 and 2000 , growth distribution gross margin increased 93% ( 93 % ) to $ 268 million in 2001 . growth distribution gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased to 18% ( 18 % ) in 2001 from 10% ( 10 % ) in 2000 . growth distribution business gross margin , as well as gross margin as a percentage of sales , increased in south america and the caribbean , but decreased in europe/africa and asia . in south america , growth distribution margin increased $ 157 million and was 38% ( 38 % ) of revenues . the increase is due primarily to sul 2019s sales of excess energy into the southeast market where rationing was taking place . in the caribbean , growth distribution margin increased $ 39 million and was 5% ( 5 % ) of revenues . the increase is due mainly to lower losses at ede este and an increase in contribution from caess . in europe/africa , growth distribution margin decreased $ 10 million and was negative due to losses at sonel . in asia , growth distribution margin decreased $ 18 million and was negative due primarily to an increase in losses at telasi . the breakdown of aes 2019s gross margin for the years ended december 31 , 2001 and 2000 , based on the geographic region in which they were earned , is set forth below. . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>north america</td><td>2001 $ 912 million</td><td>% ( % ) of revenue 25% ( 25 % )</td><td>2000 $ 844 million</td><td>% ( % ) of revenue 25% ( 25 % )</td><td>% ( % ) change 8% ( 8 % )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>south america</td><td>$ 522 million</td><td>30% ( 30 % )</td><td>$ 416 million</td><td>36% ( 36 % )</td><td>25% ( 25 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>caribbean*</td><td>$ 457 million</td><td>25% ( 25 % )</td><td>$ 226 million</td><td>21% ( 21 % )</td><td>102% ( 102 % )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>europe/africa</td><td>$ 310 million</td><td>22% ( 22 % )</td><td>$ 371 million</td><td>29% ( 29 % )</td><td>( 16% ( 16 % ) )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>asia</td><td>$ 101 million</td><td>15% ( 15 % )</td><td>$ 138 million</td><td>22% ( 22 % )</td><td>( 27% ( 27 % ) )</td></tr></table> * includes venezuela and colombia . selling , general and administrative expenses selling , general and administrative expenses increased $ 38 million , or 46% ( 46 % ) , to $ 120 million in 2001 from $ 82 million in 2000 . selling , general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues remained constant at 1% ( 1 % ) in 2001 and 2000 . the overall increase in selling , general and administrative expenses is due to increased development activities . interest expense , net net interest expense increased $ 327 million , or 29% ( 29 % ) , to $ 1.5 billion in 2001 from $ 1.1 billion in 2000 . net interest expense as a percentage of revenues increased to 16% ( 16 % ) in 2001 from 15% ( 15 % ) in 2000 . net interest expense increased overall primarily due to interest expense at new businesses , additional corporate interest expense arising from senior debt issued during 2001 to finance new investments and mark-to-market losses on interest rate related derivative instruments. . Conversations: Question: what is the gross profit for north america in 2001? Answer:

912.0

convfinqa1555

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: of sales , competitive supply gross margin declined in south america , europe/africa and the caribbean and remained relatively flat in north america and asia . large utilities gross margin increased $ 201 million , or 37% ( 37 % ) , to $ 739 million in 2001 from $ 538 million in 2000 . excluding businesses acquired or that commenced commercial operations during 2001 and 2000 , large utilities gross margin increased 10% ( 10 % ) to $ 396 million in 2001 . large utilities gross margin as a percentage of revenues increased to 30% ( 30 % ) in 2001 from 25% ( 25 % ) in 2000 . in the caribbean ( which includes venezuela ) , large utility gross margin increased $ 166 million and was due to a full year of contribution from edc which was acquired in june 2000 . also , in north america , the gross margin contributions from both ipalco and cilcorp increased . growth distribution gross margin increased $ 165 million , or 126% ( 126 % ) to $ 296 million in 2001 from $ 131 million in 2000 . excluding businesses acquired during 2001 and 2000 , growth distribution gross margin increased 93% ( 93 % ) to $ 268 million in 2001 . growth distribution gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased to 18% ( 18 % ) in 2001 from 10% ( 10 % ) in 2000 . growth distribution business gross margin , as well as gross margin as a percentage of sales , increased in south america and the caribbean , but decreased in europe/africa and asia . in south america , growth distribution margin increased $ 157 million and was 38% ( 38 % ) of revenues . the increase is due primarily to sul 2019s sales of excess energy into the southeast market where rationing was taking place . in the caribbean , growth distribution margin increased $ 39 million and was 5% ( 5 % ) of revenues . the increase is due mainly to lower losses at ede este and an increase in contribution from caess . in europe/africa , growth distribution margin decreased $ 10 million and was negative due to losses at sonel . in asia , growth distribution margin decreased $ 18 million and was negative due primarily to an increase in losses at telasi . the breakdown of aes 2019s gross margin for the years ended december 31 , 2001 and 2000 , based on the geographic region in which they were earned , is set forth below. . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>north america</td><td>2001 $ 912 million</td><td>% ( % ) of revenue 25% ( 25 % )</td><td>2000 $ 844 million</td><td>% ( % ) of revenue 25% ( 25 % )</td><td>% ( % ) change 8% ( 8 % )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>south america</td><td>$ 522 million</td><td>30% ( 30 % )</td><td>$ 416 million</td><td>36% ( 36 % )</td><td>25% ( 25 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>caribbean*</td><td>$ 457 million</td><td>25% ( 25 % )</td><td>$ 226 million</td><td>21% ( 21 % )</td><td>102% ( 102 % )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>europe/africa</td><td>$ 310 million</td><td>22% ( 22 % )</td><td>$ 371 million</td><td>29% ( 29 % )</td><td>( 16% ( 16 % ) )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>asia</td><td>$ 101 million</td><td>15% ( 15 % )</td><td>$ 138 million</td><td>22% ( 22 % )</td><td>( 27% ( 27 % ) )</td></tr></table> * includes venezuela and colombia . selling , general and administrative expenses selling , general and administrative expenses increased $ 38 million , or 46% ( 46 % ) , to $ 120 million in 2001 from $ 82 million in 2000 . selling , general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues remained constant at 1% ( 1 % ) in 2001 and 2000 . the overall increase in selling , general and administrative expenses is due to increased development activities . interest expense , net net interest expense increased $ 327 million , or 29% ( 29 % ) , to $ 1.5 billion in 2001 from $ 1.1 billion in 2000 . net interest expense as a percentage of revenues increased to 16% ( 16 % ) in 2001 from 15% ( 15 % ) in 2000 . net interest expense increased overall primarily due to interest expense at new businesses , additional corporate interest expense arising from senior debt issued during 2001 to finance new investments and mark-to-market losses on interest rate related derivative instruments. . Conversations: q0: what is the gross profit for north america in 2001? 912.0 Question: what is is the gross margin? Answer:

0.25

convfinqa1556

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: of sales , competitive supply gross margin declined in south america , europe/africa and the caribbean and remained relatively flat in north america and asia . large utilities gross margin increased $ 201 million , or 37% ( 37 % ) , to $ 739 million in 2001 from $ 538 million in 2000 . excluding businesses acquired or that commenced commercial operations during 2001 and 2000 , large utilities gross margin increased 10% ( 10 % ) to $ 396 million in 2001 . large utilities gross margin as a percentage of revenues increased to 30% ( 30 % ) in 2001 from 25% ( 25 % ) in 2000 . in the caribbean ( which includes venezuela ) , large utility gross margin increased $ 166 million and was due to a full year of contribution from edc which was acquired in june 2000 . also , in north america , the gross margin contributions from both ipalco and cilcorp increased . growth distribution gross margin increased $ 165 million , or 126% ( 126 % ) to $ 296 million in 2001 from $ 131 million in 2000 . excluding businesses acquired during 2001 and 2000 , growth distribution gross margin increased 93% ( 93 % ) to $ 268 million in 2001 . growth distribution gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased to 18% ( 18 % ) in 2001 from 10% ( 10 % ) in 2000 . growth distribution business gross margin , as well as gross margin as a percentage of sales , increased in south america and the caribbean , but decreased in europe/africa and asia . in south america , growth distribution margin increased $ 157 million and was 38% ( 38 % ) of revenues . the increase is due primarily to sul 2019s sales of excess energy into the southeast market where rationing was taking place . in the caribbean , growth distribution margin increased $ 39 million and was 5% ( 5 % ) of revenues . the increase is due mainly to lower losses at ede este and an increase in contribution from caess . in europe/africa , growth distribution margin decreased $ 10 million and was negative due to losses at sonel . in asia , growth distribution margin decreased $ 18 million and was negative due primarily to an increase in losses at telasi . the breakdown of aes 2019s gross margin for the years ended december 31 , 2001 and 2000 , based on the geographic region in which they were earned , is set forth below. . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>north america</td><td>2001 $ 912 million</td><td>% ( % ) of revenue 25% ( 25 % )</td><td>2000 $ 844 million</td><td>% ( % ) of revenue 25% ( 25 % )</td><td>% ( % ) change 8% ( 8 % )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>south america</td><td>$ 522 million</td><td>30% ( 30 % )</td><td>$ 416 million</td><td>36% ( 36 % )</td><td>25% ( 25 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>caribbean*</td><td>$ 457 million</td><td>25% ( 25 % )</td><td>$ 226 million</td><td>21% ( 21 % )</td><td>102% ( 102 % )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>europe/africa</td><td>$ 310 million</td><td>22% ( 22 % )</td><td>$ 371 million</td><td>29% ( 29 % )</td><td>( 16% ( 16 % ) )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>asia</td><td>$ 101 million</td><td>15% ( 15 % )</td><td>$ 138 million</td><td>22% ( 22 % )</td><td>( 27% ( 27 % ) )</td></tr></table> * includes venezuela and colombia . selling , general and administrative expenses selling , general and administrative expenses increased $ 38 million , or 46% ( 46 % ) , to $ 120 million in 2001 from $ 82 million in 2000 . selling , general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues remained constant at 1% ( 1 % ) in 2001 and 2000 . the overall increase in selling , general and administrative expenses is due to increased development activities . interest expense , net net interest expense increased $ 327 million , or 29% ( 29 % ) , to $ 1.5 billion in 2001 from $ 1.1 billion in 2000 . net interest expense as a percentage of revenues increased to 16% ( 16 % ) in 2001 from 15% ( 15 % ) in 2000 . net interest expense increased overall primarily due to interest expense at new businesses , additional corporate interest expense arising from senior debt issued during 2001 to finance new investments and mark-to-market losses on interest rate related derivative instruments. . Conversations: q0: what is the gross profit for north america in 2001? 912.0 q1: what is is the gross margin? 0.25 Question: what total revenue does this represent for north america? Answer:

3648.0

convfinqa1557

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: of sales , competitive supply gross margin declined in south america , europe/africa and the caribbean and remained relatively flat in north america and asia . large utilities gross margin increased $ 201 million , or 37% ( 37 % ) , to $ 739 million in 2001 from $ 538 million in 2000 . excluding businesses acquired or that commenced commercial operations during 2001 and 2000 , large utilities gross margin increased 10% ( 10 % ) to $ 396 million in 2001 . large utilities gross margin as a percentage of revenues increased to 30% ( 30 % ) in 2001 from 25% ( 25 % ) in 2000 . in the caribbean ( which includes venezuela ) , large utility gross margin increased $ 166 million and was due to a full year of contribution from edc which was acquired in june 2000 . also , in north america , the gross margin contributions from both ipalco and cilcorp increased . growth distribution gross margin increased $ 165 million , or 126% ( 126 % ) to $ 296 million in 2001 from $ 131 million in 2000 . excluding businesses acquired during 2001 and 2000 , growth distribution gross margin increased 93% ( 93 % ) to $ 268 million in 2001 . growth distribution gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased to 18% ( 18 % ) in 2001 from 10% ( 10 % ) in 2000 . growth distribution business gross margin , as well as gross margin as a percentage of sales , increased in south america and the caribbean , but decreased in europe/africa and asia . in south america , growth distribution margin increased $ 157 million and was 38% ( 38 % ) of revenues . the increase is due primarily to sul 2019s sales of excess energy into the southeast market where rationing was taking place . in the caribbean , growth distribution margin increased $ 39 million and was 5% ( 5 % ) of revenues . the increase is due mainly to lower losses at ede este and an increase in contribution from caess . in europe/africa , growth distribution margin decreased $ 10 million and was negative due to losses at sonel . in asia , growth distribution margin decreased $ 18 million and was negative due primarily to an increase in losses at telasi . the breakdown of aes 2019s gross margin for the years ended december 31 , 2001 and 2000 , based on the geographic region in which they were earned , is set forth below. . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>north america</td><td>2001 $ 912 million</td><td>% ( % ) of revenue 25% ( 25 % )</td><td>2000 $ 844 million</td><td>% ( % ) of revenue 25% ( 25 % )</td><td>% ( % ) change 8% ( 8 % )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>south america</td><td>$ 522 million</td><td>30% ( 30 % )</td><td>$ 416 million</td><td>36% ( 36 % )</td><td>25% ( 25 % )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>caribbean*</td><td>$ 457 million</td><td>25% ( 25 % )</td><td>$ 226 million</td><td>21% ( 21 % )</td><td>102% ( 102 % )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>europe/africa</td><td>$ 310 million</td><td>22% ( 22 % )</td><td>$ 371 million</td><td>29% ( 29 % )</td><td>( 16% ( 16 % ) )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>asia</td><td>$ 101 million</td><td>15% ( 15 % )</td><td>$ 138 million</td><td>22% ( 22 % )</td><td>( 27% ( 27 % ) )</td></tr></table> * includes venezuela and colombia . selling , general and administrative expenses selling , general and administrative expenses increased $ 38 million , or 46% ( 46 % ) , to $ 120 million in 2001 from $ 82 million in 2000 . selling , general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues remained constant at 1% ( 1 % ) in 2001 and 2000 . the overall increase in selling , general and administrative expenses is due to increased development activities . interest expense , net net interest expense increased $ 327 million , or 29% ( 29 % ) , to $ 1.5 billion in 2001 from $ 1.1 billion in 2000 . net interest expense as a percentage of revenues increased to 16% ( 16 % ) in 2001 from 15% ( 15 % ) in 2000 . net interest expense increased overall primarily due to interest expense at new businesses , additional corporate interest expense arising from senior debt issued during 2001 to finance new investments and mark-to-market losses on interest rate related derivative instruments. . Conversations: q0: what is the gross profit for north america in 2001? 912.0 q1: what is is the gross margin? 0.25 q2: what total revenue does this represent for north america? 3648.0 Question: what about the total revenue for south america? Answer:

1740.0

convfinqa1558

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: part ii item 5 . market for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities our class a common stock trades on the new york stock exchange under the symbol 201cma 201d . at february 8 , 2019 , we had 73 stockholders of record for our class a common stock . we believe that the number of beneficial owners is substantially greater than the number of record holders because a large portion of our class a common stock is held in 201cstreet name 201d by brokers . there is currently no established public trading market for our class b common stock . there were approximately 287 holders of record of our non-voting class b common stock as of february 8 , 2019 , constituting approximately 1.1% ( 1.1 % ) of our total outstanding equity . stock performance graph the graph and table below compare the cumulative total stockholder return of mastercard 2019s class a common stock , the s&p 500 financials and the s&p 500 index for the five-year period ended december 31 , 2018 . the graph assumes a $ 100 investment in our class a common stock and both of the indices and the reinvestment of dividends . mastercard 2019s class b common stock is not publicly traded or listed on any exchange or dealer quotation system . total returns to stockholders for each of the years presented were as follows : indexed returns base period for the years ended december 31 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>company/index</td><td>base period 2013</td><td>base period 2014</td><td>base period 2015</td><td>base period 2016</td><td>base period 2017</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>mastercard</td><td>$ 100.00</td><td>$ 103.73</td><td>$ 118.05</td><td>$ 126.20</td><td>$ 186.37</td><td>$ 233.56</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>s&p 500 financials</td><td>100.00</td><td>115.20</td><td>113.44</td><td>139.31</td><td>170.21</td><td>148.03</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>s&p 500 index</td><td>100.00</td><td>113.69</td><td>115.26</td><td>129.05</td><td>157.22</td><td>150.33</td></tr></table> . Conversations: Question: what was the value of mastercard in 2014? Answer:

103.73

convfinqa1559

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: part ii item 5 . market for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities our class a common stock trades on the new york stock exchange under the symbol 201cma 201d . at february 8 , 2019 , we had 73 stockholders of record for our class a common stock . we believe that the number of beneficial owners is substantially greater than the number of record holders because a large portion of our class a common stock is held in 201cstreet name 201d by brokers . there is currently no established public trading market for our class b common stock . there were approximately 287 holders of record of our non-voting class b common stock as of february 8 , 2019 , constituting approximately 1.1% ( 1.1 % ) of our total outstanding equity . stock performance graph the graph and table below compare the cumulative total stockholder return of mastercard 2019s class a common stock , the s&p 500 financials and the s&p 500 index for the five-year period ended december 31 , 2018 . the graph assumes a $ 100 investment in our class a common stock and both of the indices and the reinvestment of dividends . mastercard 2019s class b common stock is not publicly traded or listed on any exchange or dealer quotation system . total returns to stockholders for each of the years presented were as follows : indexed returns base period for the years ended december 31 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>company/index</td><td>base period 2013</td><td>base period 2014</td><td>base period 2015</td><td>base period 2016</td><td>base period 2017</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>mastercard</td><td>$ 100.00</td><td>$ 103.73</td><td>$ 118.05</td><td>$ 126.20</td><td>$ 186.37</td><td>$ 233.56</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>s&p 500 financials</td><td>100.00</td><td>115.20</td><td>113.44</td><td>139.31</td><td>170.21</td><td>148.03</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>s&p 500 index</td><td>100.00</td><td>113.69</td><td>115.26</td><td>129.05</td><td>157.22</td><td>150.33</td></tr></table> . Conversations: q0: what was the value of mastercard in 2014? 103.73 Question: what was that less 100? Answer:

3.73

convfinqa1560

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: part ii item 5 . market for registrant 2019s common equity , related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities our class a common stock trades on the new york stock exchange under the symbol 201cma 201d . at february 8 , 2019 , we had 73 stockholders of record for our class a common stock . we believe that the number of beneficial owners is substantially greater than the number of record holders because a large portion of our class a common stock is held in 201cstreet name 201d by brokers . there is currently no established public trading market for our class b common stock . there were approximately 287 holders of record of our non-voting class b common stock as of february 8 , 2019 , constituting approximately 1.1% ( 1.1 % ) of our total outstanding equity . stock performance graph the graph and table below compare the cumulative total stockholder return of mastercard 2019s class a common stock , the s&p 500 financials and the s&p 500 index for the five-year period ended december 31 , 2018 . the graph assumes a $ 100 investment in our class a common stock and both of the indices and the reinvestment of dividends . mastercard 2019s class b common stock is not publicly traded or listed on any exchange or dealer quotation system . total returns to stockholders for each of the years presented were as follows : indexed returns base period for the years ended december 31 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>company/index</td><td>base period 2013</td><td>base period 2014</td><td>base period 2015</td><td>base period 2016</td><td>base period 2017</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>mastercard</td><td>$ 100.00</td><td>$ 103.73</td><td>$ 118.05</td><td>$ 126.20</td><td>$ 186.37</td><td>$ 233.56</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>s&p 500 financials</td><td>100.00</td><td>115.20</td><td>113.44</td><td>139.31</td><td>170.21</td><td>148.03</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>s&p 500 index</td><td>100.00</td><td>113.69</td><td>115.26</td><td>129.05</td><td>157.22</td><td>150.33</td></tr></table> . Conversations: q0: what was the value of mastercard in 2014? 103.73 q1: what was that less 100? 3.73 Question: what is that divided by 100? Answer:

0.0373

convfinqa1561

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: stockholders 2019 equity derivative instruments activity , net of tax , included in non-owner changes to equity within the consolidated statements of stockholders 2019 equity for the years ended december 31 , 2008 , 2007 and 2006 is as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance at january 1</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td><td>$ 2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>increase ( decrease ) in fair value</td><td>-9 ( 9 )</td><td>-6 ( 6 )</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>reclassifications to earnings</td><td>2</td><td>-10 ( 10 )</td><td>-61 ( 61 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>balance at december 31</td><td>$ -7 ( 7 )</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td></tr></table> net investment in foreign operations hedge at december 31 , 2008 and 2007 , the company did not have any hedges of foreign currency exposure of net investments in foreign operations . investments hedge during the first quarter of 2006 , the company entered into a zero-cost collar derivative ( the 201csprint nextel derivative 201d ) to protect itself economically against price fluctuations in its 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel corporation ( 201csprint nextel 201d ) non-voting common stock . during the second quarter of 2006 , as a result of sprint nextel 2019s spin-off of embarq corporation through a dividend to sprint nextel shareholders , the company received approximately 1.9 million shares of embarq corporation . the floor and ceiling prices of the sprint nextel derivative were adjusted accordingly . the sprint nextel derivative was not designated as a hedge under the provisions of sfas no . 133 , 201caccounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities . 201d accordingly , to reflect the change in fair value of the sprint nextel derivative , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million for the year ended december 31 , 2006 , included in other income ( expense ) in the company 2019s consolidated statements of operations . in december 2006 , the sprint nextel derivative was terminated and settled in cash and the 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel were converted to common shares and sold . the company received aggregate cash proceeds of approximately $ 820 million from the settlement of the sprint nextel derivative and the subsequent sale of the 37.6 million sprint nextel shares . the company recognized a loss of $ 126 million in connection with the sale of the remaining shares of sprint nextel common stock . as described above , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million in connection with the sprint nextel derivative . fair value of financial instruments the company 2019s financial instruments include cash equivalents , sigma fund investments , short-term investments , accounts receivable , long-term receivables , accounts payable , accrued liabilities , derivatives and other financing commitments . the company 2019s sigma fund , available-for-sale investment portfolios and derivatives are recorded in the company 2019s consolidated balance sheets at fair value . all other financial instruments , with the exception of long-term debt , are carried at cost , which is not materially different than the instruments 2019 fair values . using quoted market prices and market interest rates , the company determined that the fair value of long- term debt at december 31 , 2008 was $ 2.8 billion , compared to a carrying value of $ 4.1 billion . since considerable judgment is required in interpreting market information , the fair value of the long-term debt is not necessarily indicative of the amount which could be realized in a current market exchange . equity price market risk at december 31 , 2008 , the company 2019s available-for-sale equity securities portfolio had an approximate fair market value of $ 128 million , which represented a cost basis of $ 125 million and a net unrealized loss of $ 3 million . these equity securities are held for purposes other than trading . %%transmsg*** transmitting job : c49054 pcn : 105000000 ***%%pcmsg|102 |00022|yes|no|02/23/2009 19:17|0|0|page is valid , no graphics -- color : n| . Conversations: Question: what was the balance of stockholder equity in january 2007? Answer:

16.0

convfinqa1562

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: stockholders 2019 equity derivative instruments activity , net of tax , included in non-owner changes to equity within the consolidated statements of stockholders 2019 equity for the years ended december 31 , 2008 , 2007 and 2006 is as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance at january 1</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td><td>$ 2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>increase ( decrease ) in fair value</td><td>-9 ( 9 )</td><td>-6 ( 6 )</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>reclassifications to earnings</td><td>2</td><td>-10 ( 10 )</td><td>-61 ( 61 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>balance at december 31</td><td>$ -7 ( 7 )</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td></tr></table> net investment in foreign operations hedge at december 31 , 2008 and 2007 , the company did not have any hedges of foreign currency exposure of net investments in foreign operations . investments hedge during the first quarter of 2006 , the company entered into a zero-cost collar derivative ( the 201csprint nextel derivative 201d ) to protect itself economically against price fluctuations in its 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel corporation ( 201csprint nextel 201d ) non-voting common stock . during the second quarter of 2006 , as a result of sprint nextel 2019s spin-off of embarq corporation through a dividend to sprint nextel shareholders , the company received approximately 1.9 million shares of embarq corporation . the floor and ceiling prices of the sprint nextel derivative were adjusted accordingly . the sprint nextel derivative was not designated as a hedge under the provisions of sfas no . 133 , 201caccounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities . 201d accordingly , to reflect the change in fair value of the sprint nextel derivative , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million for the year ended december 31 , 2006 , included in other income ( expense ) in the company 2019s consolidated statements of operations . in december 2006 , the sprint nextel derivative was terminated and settled in cash and the 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel were converted to common shares and sold . the company received aggregate cash proceeds of approximately $ 820 million from the settlement of the sprint nextel derivative and the subsequent sale of the 37.6 million sprint nextel shares . the company recognized a loss of $ 126 million in connection with the sale of the remaining shares of sprint nextel common stock . as described above , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million in connection with the sprint nextel derivative . fair value of financial instruments the company 2019s financial instruments include cash equivalents , sigma fund investments , short-term investments , accounts receivable , long-term receivables , accounts payable , accrued liabilities , derivatives and other financing commitments . the company 2019s sigma fund , available-for-sale investment portfolios and derivatives are recorded in the company 2019s consolidated balance sheets at fair value . all other financial instruments , with the exception of long-term debt , are carried at cost , which is not materially different than the instruments 2019 fair values . using quoted market prices and market interest rates , the company determined that the fair value of long- term debt at december 31 , 2008 was $ 2.8 billion , compared to a carrying value of $ 4.1 billion . since considerable judgment is required in interpreting market information , the fair value of the long-term debt is not necessarily indicative of the amount which could be realized in a current market exchange . equity price market risk at december 31 , 2008 , the company 2019s available-for-sale equity securities portfolio had an approximate fair market value of $ 128 million , which represented a cost basis of $ 125 million and a net unrealized loss of $ 3 million . these equity securities are held for purposes other than trading . %%transmsg*** transmitting job : c49054 pcn : 105000000 ***%%pcmsg|102 |00022|yes|no|02/23/2009 19:17|0|0|page is valid , no graphics -- color : n| . Conversations: q0: what was the balance of stockholder equity in january 2007? 16.0 Question: and what was that of january 2006? Answer:

2.0

convfinqa1563

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: stockholders 2019 equity derivative instruments activity , net of tax , included in non-owner changes to equity within the consolidated statements of stockholders 2019 equity for the years ended december 31 , 2008 , 2007 and 2006 is as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance at january 1</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td><td>$ 2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>increase ( decrease ) in fair value</td><td>-9 ( 9 )</td><td>-6 ( 6 )</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>reclassifications to earnings</td><td>2</td><td>-10 ( 10 )</td><td>-61 ( 61 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>balance at december 31</td><td>$ -7 ( 7 )</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td></tr></table> net investment in foreign operations hedge at december 31 , 2008 and 2007 , the company did not have any hedges of foreign currency exposure of net investments in foreign operations . investments hedge during the first quarter of 2006 , the company entered into a zero-cost collar derivative ( the 201csprint nextel derivative 201d ) to protect itself economically against price fluctuations in its 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel corporation ( 201csprint nextel 201d ) non-voting common stock . during the second quarter of 2006 , as a result of sprint nextel 2019s spin-off of embarq corporation through a dividend to sprint nextel shareholders , the company received approximately 1.9 million shares of embarq corporation . the floor and ceiling prices of the sprint nextel derivative were adjusted accordingly . the sprint nextel derivative was not designated as a hedge under the provisions of sfas no . 133 , 201caccounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities . 201d accordingly , to reflect the change in fair value of the sprint nextel derivative , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million for the year ended december 31 , 2006 , included in other income ( expense ) in the company 2019s consolidated statements of operations . in december 2006 , the sprint nextel derivative was terminated and settled in cash and the 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel were converted to common shares and sold . the company received aggregate cash proceeds of approximately $ 820 million from the settlement of the sprint nextel derivative and the subsequent sale of the 37.6 million sprint nextel shares . the company recognized a loss of $ 126 million in connection with the sale of the remaining shares of sprint nextel common stock . as described above , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million in connection with the sprint nextel derivative . fair value of financial instruments the company 2019s financial instruments include cash equivalents , sigma fund investments , short-term investments , accounts receivable , long-term receivables , accounts payable , accrued liabilities , derivatives and other financing commitments . the company 2019s sigma fund , available-for-sale investment portfolios and derivatives are recorded in the company 2019s consolidated balance sheets at fair value . all other financial instruments , with the exception of long-term debt , are carried at cost , which is not materially different than the instruments 2019 fair values . using quoted market prices and market interest rates , the company determined that the fair value of long- term debt at december 31 , 2008 was $ 2.8 billion , compared to a carrying value of $ 4.1 billion . since considerable judgment is required in interpreting market information , the fair value of the long-term debt is not necessarily indicative of the amount which could be realized in a current market exchange . equity price market risk at december 31 , 2008 , the company 2019s available-for-sale equity securities portfolio had an approximate fair market value of $ 128 million , which represented a cost basis of $ 125 million and a net unrealized loss of $ 3 million . these equity securities are held for purposes other than trading . %%transmsg*** transmitting job : c49054 pcn : 105000000 ***%%pcmsg|102 |00022|yes|no|02/23/2009 19:17|0|0|page is valid , no graphics -- color : n| . Conversations: q0: what was the balance of stockholder equity in january 2007? 16.0 q1: and what was that of january 2006? 2.0 Question: what is the difference between 2007's and 2006's balance? Answer:

14.0

convfinqa1564

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: stockholders 2019 equity derivative instruments activity , net of tax , included in non-owner changes to equity within the consolidated statements of stockholders 2019 equity for the years ended december 31 , 2008 , 2007 and 2006 is as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance at january 1</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td><td>$ 2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>increase ( decrease ) in fair value</td><td>-9 ( 9 )</td><td>-6 ( 6 )</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>reclassifications to earnings</td><td>2</td><td>-10 ( 10 )</td><td>-61 ( 61 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>balance at december 31</td><td>$ -7 ( 7 )</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td></tr></table> net investment in foreign operations hedge at december 31 , 2008 and 2007 , the company did not have any hedges of foreign currency exposure of net investments in foreign operations . investments hedge during the first quarter of 2006 , the company entered into a zero-cost collar derivative ( the 201csprint nextel derivative 201d ) to protect itself economically against price fluctuations in its 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel corporation ( 201csprint nextel 201d ) non-voting common stock . during the second quarter of 2006 , as a result of sprint nextel 2019s spin-off of embarq corporation through a dividend to sprint nextel shareholders , the company received approximately 1.9 million shares of embarq corporation . the floor and ceiling prices of the sprint nextel derivative were adjusted accordingly . the sprint nextel derivative was not designated as a hedge under the provisions of sfas no . 133 , 201caccounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities . 201d accordingly , to reflect the change in fair value of the sprint nextel derivative , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million for the year ended december 31 , 2006 , included in other income ( expense ) in the company 2019s consolidated statements of operations . in december 2006 , the sprint nextel derivative was terminated and settled in cash and the 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel were converted to common shares and sold . the company received aggregate cash proceeds of approximately $ 820 million from the settlement of the sprint nextel derivative and the subsequent sale of the 37.6 million sprint nextel shares . the company recognized a loss of $ 126 million in connection with the sale of the remaining shares of sprint nextel common stock . as described above , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million in connection with the sprint nextel derivative . fair value of financial instruments the company 2019s financial instruments include cash equivalents , sigma fund investments , short-term investments , accounts receivable , long-term receivables , accounts payable , accrued liabilities , derivatives and other financing commitments . the company 2019s sigma fund , available-for-sale investment portfolios and derivatives are recorded in the company 2019s consolidated balance sheets at fair value . all other financial instruments , with the exception of long-term debt , are carried at cost , which is not materially different than the instruments 2019 fair values . using quoted market prices and market interest rates , the company determined that the fair value of long- term debt at december 31 , 2008 was $ 2.8 billion , compared to a carrying value of $ 4.1 billion . since considerable judgment is required in interpreting market information , the fair value of the long-term debt is not necessarily indicative of the amount which could be realized in a current market exchange . equity price market risk at december 31 , 2008 , the company 2019s available-for-sale equity securities portfolio had an approximate fair market value of $ 128 million , which represented a cost basis of $ 125 million and a net unrealized loss of $ 3 million . these equity securities are held for purposes other than trading . %%transmsg*** transmitting job : c49054 pcn : 105000000 ***%%pcmsg|102 |00022|yes|no|02/23/2009 19:17|0|0|page is valid , no graphics -- color : n| . Conversations: q0: what was the balance of stockholder equity in january 2007? 16.0 q1: and what was that of january 2006? 2.0 q2: what is the difference between 2007's and 2006's balance? 14.0 Question: what was the balance of stockholder equity in january 2006? Answer:

2.0

convfinqa1565

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: stockholders 2019 equity derivative instruments activity , net of tax , included in non-owner changes to equity within the consolidated statements of stockholders 2019 equity for the years ended december 31 , 2008 , 2007 and 2006 is as follows: . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>balance at january 1</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td><td>$ 2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>increase ( decrease ) in fair value</td><td>-9 ( 9 )</td><td>-6 ( 6 )</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>reclassifications to earnings</td><td>2</td><td>-10 ( 10 )</td><td>-61 ( 61 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>balance at december 31</td><td>$ -7 ( 7 )</td><td>$ 2014</td><td>$ 16</td></tr></table> net investment in foreign operations hedge at december 31 , 2008 and 2007 , the company did not have any hedges of foreign currency exposure of net investments in foreign operations . investments hedge during the first quarter of 2006 , the company entered into a zero-cost collar derivative ( the 201csprint nextel derivative 201d ) to protect itself economically against price fluctuations in its 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel corporation ( 201csprint nextel 201d ) non-voting common stock . during the second quarter of 2006 , as a result of sprint nextel 2019s spin-off of embarq corporation through a dividend to sprint nextel shareholders , the company received approximately 1.9 million shares of embarq corporation . the floor and ceiling prices of the sprint nextel derivative were adjusted accordingly . the sprint nextel derivative was not designated as a hedge under the provisions of sfas no . 133 , 201caccounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities . 201d accordingly , to reflect the change in fair value of the sprint nextel derivative , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million for the year ended december 31 , 2006 , included in other income ( expense ) in the company 2019s consolidated statements of operations . in december 2006 , the sprint nextel derivative was terminated and settled in cash and the 37.6 million shares of sprint nextel were converted to common shares and sold . the company received aggregate cash proceeds of approximately $ 820 million from the settlement of the sprint nextel derivative and the subsequent sale of the 37.6 million sprint nextel shares . the company recognized a loss of $ 126 million in connection with the sale of the remaining shares of sprint nextel common stock . as described above , the company recorded a net gain of $ 99 million in connection with the sprint nextel derivative . fair value of financial instruments the company 2019s financial instruments include cash equivalents , sigma fund investments , short-term investments , accounts receivable , long-term receivables , accounts payable , accrued liabilities , derivatives and other financing commitments . the company 2019s sigma fund , available-for-sale investment portfolios and derivatives are recorded in the company 2019s consolidated balance sheets at fair value . all other financial instruments , with the exception of long-term debt , are carried at cost , which is not materially different than the instruments 2019 fair values . using quoted market prices and market interest rates , the company determined that the fair value of long- term debt at december 31 , 2008 was $ 2.8 billion , compared to a carrying value of $ 4.1 billion . since considerable judgment is required in interpreting market information , the fair value of the long-term debt is not necessarily indicative of the amount which could be realized in a current market exchange . equity price market risk at december 31 , 2008 , the company 2019s available-for-sale equity securities portfolio had an approximate fair market value of $ 128 million , which represented a cost basis of $ 125 million and a net unrealized loss of $ 3 million . these equity securities are held for purposes other than trading . %%transmsg*** transmitting job : c49054 pcn : 105000000 ***%%pcmsg|102 |00022|yes|no|02/23/2009 19:17|0|0|page is valid , no graphics -- color : n| . Conversations: q0: what was the balance of stockholder equity in january 2007? 16.0 q1: and what was that of january 2006? 2.0 q2: what is the difference between 2007's and 2006's balance? 14.0 q3: what was the balance of stockholder equity in january 2006? 2.0 Question: how much does that difference represent, percentually, in relation to this balance in 2006? Answer:

7.0

convfinqa1566

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: measurement point december 31 booking holdings nasdaq composite index s&p 500 rdg internet composite . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>measurement pointdecember 31</td><td>booking holdings inc .</td><td>nasdaqcomposite index</td><td>s&p 500index</td><td>rdg internetcomposite</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2013</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>2014</td><td>98.09</td><td>114.62</td><td>113.69</td><td>96.39</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>2015</td><td>109.68</td><td>122.81</td><td>115.26</td><td>133.20</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>2016</td><td>126.12</td><td>133.19</td><td>129.05</td><td>140.23</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>2017</td><td>149.50</td><td>172.11</td><td>157.22</td><td>202.15</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2018</td><td>148.18</td><td>165.84</td><td>150.33</td><td>201.16</td></tr></table> . Conversations: Question: what is the value of booking holdings inc in 2018? Answer:

148.18

convfinqa1567

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: measurement point december 31 booking holdings nasdaq composite index s&p 500 rdg internet composite . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>measurement pointdecember 31</td><td>booking holdings inc .</td><td>nasdaqcomposite index</td><td>s&p 500index</td><td>rdg internetcomposite</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2013</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>2014</td><td>98.09</td><td>114.62</td><td>113.69</td><td>96.39</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>2015</td><td>109.68</td><td>122.81</td><td>115.26</td><td>133.20</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>2016</td><td>126.12</td><td>133.19</td><td>129.05</td><td>140.23</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>2017</td><td>149.50</td><td>172.11</td><td>157.22</td><td>202.15</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2018</td><td>148.18</td><td>165.84</td><td>150.33</td><td>201.16</td></tr></table> . Conversations: q0: what is the value of booking holdings inc in 2018? 148.18 Question: what is that less 100? Answer:

48.18

convfinqa1568

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: measurement point december 31 booking holdings nasdaq composite index s&p 500 rdg internet composite . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>measurement pointdecember 31</td><td>booking holdings inc .</td><td>nasdaqcomposite index</td><td>s&p 500index</td><td>rdg internetcomposite</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2013</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td><td>100.00</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>2014</td><td>98.09</td><td>114.62</td><td>113.69</td><td>96.39</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>2015</td><td>109.68</td><td>122.81</td><td>115.26</td><td>133.20</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>2016</td><td>126.12</td><td>133.19</td><td>129.05</td><td>140.23</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>2017</td><td>149.50</td><td>172.11</td><td>157.22</td><td>202.15</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2018</td><td>148.18</td><td>165.84</td><td>150.33</td><td>201.16</td></tr></table> . Conversations: q0: what is the value of booking holdings inc in 2018? 148.18 q1: what is that less 100? 48.18 Question: what is the percent change? Answer:

0.4818

convfinqa1569

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: american tower corporation and subsidiaries notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) the following table illustrates the effect on net loss and net loss per share if the company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of sfas no . 123 to stock-based compensation . the estimated fair value of each option is calculated using the black-scholes option-pricing model ( in thousands , except per share amounts ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2002</td><td>2001</td><td>2000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net loss as reported</td><td>$ -1141879 ( 1141879 )</td><td>$ -450094 ( 450094 )</td><td>$ -194628 ( 194628 )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value basedmethod for all awards net of related tax effect</td><td>-38126 ( 38126 )</td><td>-50540 ( 50540 )</td><td>-51186 ( 51186 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>pro-forma net loss</td><td>$ -1180005 ( 1180005 )</td><td>$ -500634 ( 500634 )</td><td>$ -245814 ( 245814 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014as reported</td><td>$ -5.84 ( 5.84 )</td><td>$ -2.35 ( 2.35 )</td><td>$ -1.15 ( 1.15 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014pro-forma</td><td>$ -6.04 ( 6.04 )</td><td>$ -2.61 ( 2.61 )</td><td>$ -1.46 ( 1.46 )</td></tr></table> fair value of financial instruments 2014as of december 31 , 2002 , the carrying amounts of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 210.9 million , $ 212.7 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 291.4 million , $ 187.2 million , $ 144.4 million and $ 780.0 million , respectively . as of december 31 , 2001 , the carrying amount of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 204.1 million , $ 212.8 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 268.3 million , $ 173.1 million , $ 158.2 million and $ 805.0 million , respectively . fair values were determined based on quoted market prices . the carrying values of all other financial instruments reasonably approximate the related fair values as of december 31 , 2002 and 2001 . retirement plan 2014the company has a 401 ( k ) plan covering substantially all employees who meet certain age and employment requirements . under the plan , the company matches 35% ( 35 % ) of participants 2019 contributions up to a maximum 5% ( 5 % ) of a participant 2019s compensation . the company contributed approximately $ 979000 , $ 1540000 and $ 1593000 to the plan for the years ended december 31 , 2002 , 2001 and 2000 , respectively . recent accounting pronouncements 2014in june 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 143 , 201caccounting for asset retirement obligations . 201d this statement establishes accounting standards for the recognition and measurement of liabilities associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the related asset retirement costs . the requirements of sfas no . 143 are effective for the company as of january 1 , 2003 . the company will adopt this statement in the first quarter of 2003 and does not expect the impact of adopting this statement to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations . in august 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 144 , 201caccounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets . 201d sfas no . 144 supersedes sfas no . 121 , 201caccounting for the impairment of long-lived assets and for long-lived assets to be disposed of , 201d but retains many of its fundamental provisions . sfas no . 144 also clarifies certain measurement and classification issues from sfas no . 121 . in addition , sfas no . 144 supersedes the accounting and reporting provisions for the disposal of a business segment as found in apb no . 30 , 201creporting the results of operations 2014reporting the effects of disposal of a segment of a business and extraordinary , unusual and infrequently occurring events and transactions 201d . however , sfas no . 144 retains the requirement in apb no . 30 to separately report discontinued operations , and broadens the scope of such requirement to include more types of disposal transactions . the scope of sfas no . 144 excludes goodwill and other intangible assets that are not to be amortized , as the accounting for such items is prescribed by sfas no . 142 . the company implemented sfas no . 144 on january 1 , 2002 . accordingly , all relevant impairment assessments and decisions concerning discontinued operations have been made under this standard in 2002. . Conversations: Question: what was the value of contributions in 2002? Answer:

979000.0

convfinqa1570

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: american tower corporation and subsidiaries notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) the following table illustrates the effect on net loss and net loss per share if the company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of sfas no . 123 to stock-based compensation . the estimated fair value of each option is calculated using the black-scholes option-pricing model ( in thousands , except per share amounts ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2002</td><td>2001</td><td>2000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net loss as reported</td><td>$ -1141879 ( 1141879 )</td><td>$ -450094 ( 450094 )</td><td>$ -194628 ( 194628 )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value basedmethod for all awards net of related tax effect</td><td>-38126 ( 38126 )</td><td>-50540 ( 50540 )</td><td>-51186 ( 51186 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>pro-forma net loss</td><td>$ -1180005 ( 1180005 )</td><td>$ -500634 ( 500634 )</td><td>$ -245814 ( 245814 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014as reported</td><td>$ -5.84 ( 5.84 )</td><td>$ -2.35 ( 2.35 )</td><td>$ -1.15 ( 1.15 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014pro-forma</td><td>$ -6.04 ( 6.04 )</td><td>$ -2.61 ( 2.61 )</td><td>$ -1.46 ( 1.46 )</td></tr></table> fair value of financial instruments 2014as of december 31 , 2002 , the carrying amounts of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 210.9 million , $ 212.7 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 291.4 million , $ 187.2 million , $ 144.4 million and $ 780.0 million , respectively . as of december 31 , 2001 , the carrying amount of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 204.1 million , $ 212.8 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 268.3 million , $ 173.1 million , $ 158.2 million and $ 805.0 million , respectively . fair values were determined based on quoted market prices . the carrying values of all other financial instruments reasonably approximate the related fair values as of december 31 , 2002 and 2001 . retirement plan 2014the company has a 401 ( k ) plan covering substantially all employees who meet certain age and employment requirements . under the plan , the company matches 35% ( 35 % ) of participants 2019 contributions up to a maximum 5% ( 5 % ) of a participant 2019s compensation . the company contributed approximately $ 979000 , $ 1540000 and $ 1593000 to the plan for the years ended december 31 , 2002 , 2001 and 2000 , respectively . recent accounting pronouncements 2014in june 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 143 , 201caccounting for asset retirement obligations . 201d this statement establishes accounting standards for the recognition and measurement of liabilities associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the related asset retirement costs . the requirements of sfas no . 143 are effective for the company as of january 1 , 2003 . the company will adopt this statement in the first quarter of 2003 and does not expect the impact of adopting this statement to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations . in august 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 144 , 201caccounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets . 201d sfas no . 144 supersedes sfas no . 121 , 201caccounting for the impairment of long-lived assets and for long-lived assets to be disposed of , 201d but retains many of its fundamental provisions . sfas no . 144 also clarifies certain measurement and classification issues from sfas no . 121 . in addition , sfas no . 144 supersedes the accounting and reporting provisions for the disposal of a business segment as found in apb no . 30 , 201creporting the results of operations 2014reporting the effects of disposal of a segment of a business and extraordinary , unusual and infrequently occurring events and transactions 201d . however , sfas no . 144 retains the requirement in apb no . 30 to separately report discontinued operations , and broadens the scope of such requirement to include more types of disposal transactions . the scope of sfas no . 144 excludes goodwill and other intangible assets that are not to be amortized , as the accounting for such items is prescribed by sfas no . 142 . the company implemented sfas no . 144 on january 1 , 2002 . accordingly , all relevant impairment assessments and decisions concerning discontinued operations have been made under this standard in 2002. . Conversations: q0: what was the value of contributions in 2002? 979000.0 Question: what was the value of contributions in 2001? Answer:

1540000.0

convfinqa1571

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: american tower corporation and subsidiaries notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) the following table illustrates the effect on net loss and net loss per share if the company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of sfas no . 123 to stock-based compensation . the estimated fair value of each option is calculated using the black-scholes option-pricing model ( in thousands , except per share amounts ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2002</td><td>2001</td><td>2000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net loss as reported</td><td>$ -1141879 ( 1141879 )</td><td>$ -450094 ( 450094 )</td><td>$ -194628 ( 194628 )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value basedmethod for all awards net of related tax effect</td><td>-38126 ( 38126 )</td><td>-50540 ( 50540 )</td><td>-51186 ( 51186 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>pro-forma net loss</td><td>$ -1180005 ( 1180005 )</td><td>$ -500634 ( 500634 )</td><td>$ -245814 ( 245814 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014as reported</td><td>$ -5.84 ( 5.84 )</td><td>$ -2.35 ( 2.35 )</td><td>$ -1.15 ( 1.15 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014pro-forma</td><td>$ -6.04 ( 6.04 )</td><td>$ -2.61 ( 2.61 )</td><td>$ -1.46 ( 1.46 )</td></tr></table> fair value of financial instruments 2014as of december 31 , 2002 , the carrying amounts of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 210.9 million , $ 212.7 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 291.4 million , $ 187.2 million , $ 144.4 million and $ 780.0 million , respectively . as of december 31 , 2001 , the carrying amount of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 204.1 million , $ 212.8 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 268.3 million , $ 173.1 million , $ 158.2 million and $ 805.0 million , respectively . fair values were determined based on quoted market prices . the carrying values of all other financial instruments reasonably approximate the related fair values as of december 31 , 2002 and 2001 . retirement plan 2014the company has a 401 ( k ) plan covering substantially all employees who meet certain age and employment requirements . under the plan , the company matches 35% ( 35 % ) of participants 2019 contributions up to a maximum 5% ( 5 % ) of a participant 2019s compensation . the company contributed approximately $ 979000 , $ 1540000 and $ 1593000 to the plan for the years ended december 31 , 2002 , 2001 and 2000 , respectively . recent accounting pronouncements 2014in june 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 143 , 201caccounting for asset retirement obligations . 201d this statement establishes accounting standards for the recognition and measurement of liabilities associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the related asset retirement costs . the requirements of sfas no . 143 are effective for the company as of january 1 , 2003 . the company will adopt this statement in the first quarter of 2003 and does not expect the impact of adopting this statement to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations . in august 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 144 , 201caccounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets . 201d sfas no . 144 supersedes sfas no . 121 , 201caccounting for the impairment of long-lived assets and for long-lived assets to be disposed of , 201d but retains many of its fundamental provisions . sfas no . 144 also clarifies certain measurement and classification issues from sfas no . 121 . in addition , sfas no . 144 supersedes the accounting and reporting provisions for the disposal of a business segment as found in apb no . 30 , 201creporting the results of operations 2014reporting the effects of disposal of a segment of a business and extraordinary , unusual and infrequently occurring events and transactions 201d . however , sfas no . 144 retains the requirement in apb no . 30 to separately report discontinued operations , and broadens the scope of such requirement to include more types of disposal transactions . the scope of sfas no . 144 excludes goodwill and other intangible assets that are not to be amortized , as the accounting for such items is prescribed by sfas no . 142 . the company implemented sfas no . 144 on january 1 , 2002 . accordingly , all relevant impairment assessments and decisions concerning discontinued operations have been made under this standard in 2002. . Conversations: q0: what was the value of contributions in 2002? 979000.0 q1: what was the value of contributions in 2001? 1540000.0 Question: what was the difference? Answer:

-561000.0

convfinqa1572

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: american tower corporation and subsidiaries notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) the following table illustrates the effect on net loss and net loss per share if the company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of sfas no . 123 to stock-based compensation . the estimated fair value of each option is calculated using the black-scholes option-pricing model ( in thousands , except per share amounts ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2002</td><td>2001</td><td>2000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net loss as reported</td><td>$ -1141879 ( 1141879 )</td><td>$ -450094 ( 450094 )</td><td>$ -194628 ( 194628 )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value basedmethod for all awards net of related tax effect</td><td>-38126 ( 38126 )</td><td>-50540 ( 50540 )</td><td>-51186 ( 51186 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>pro-forma net loss</td><td>$ -1180005 ( 1180005 )</td><td>$ -500634 ( 500634 )</td><td>$ -245814 ( 245814 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014as reported</td><td>$ -5.84 ( 5.84 )</td><td>$ -2.35 ( 2.35 )</td><td>$ -1.15 ( 1.15 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014pro-forma</td><td>$ -6.04 ( 6.04 )</td><td>$ -2.61 ( 2.61 )</td><td>$ -1.46 ( 1.46 )</td></tr></table> fair value of financial instruments 2014as of december 31 , 2002 , the carrying amounts of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 210.9 million , $ 212.7 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 291.4 million , $ 187.2 million , $ 144.4 million and $ 780.0 million , respectively . as of december 31 , 2001 , the carrying amount of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 204.1 million , $ 212.8 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 268.3 million , $ 173.1 million , $ 158.2 million and $ 805.0 million , respectively . fair values were determined based on quoted market prices . the carrying values of all other financial instruments reasonably approximate the related fair values as of december 31 , 2002 and 2001 . retirement plan 2014the company has a 401 ( k ) plan covering substantially all employees who meet certain age and employment requirements . under the plan , the company matches 35% ( 35 % ) of participants 2019 contributions up to a maximum 5% ( 5 % ) of a participant 2019s compensation . the company contributed approximately $ 979000 , $ 1540000 and $ 1593000 to the plan for the years ended december 31 , 2002 , 2001 and 2000 , respectively . recent accounting pronouncements 2014in june 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 143 , 201caccounting for asset retirement obligations . 201d this statement establishes accounting standards for the recognition and measurement of liabilities associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the related asset retirement costs . the requirements of sfas no . 143 are effective for the company as of january 1 , 2003 . the company will adopt this statement in the first quarter of 2003 and does not expect the impact of adopting this statement to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations . in august 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 144 , 201caccounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets . 201d sfas no . 144 supersedes sfas no . 121 , 201caccounting for the impairment of long-lived assets and for long-lived assets to be disposed of , 201d but retains many of its fundamental provisions . sfas no . 144 also clarifies certain measurement and classification issues from sfas no . 121 . in addition , sfas no . 144 supersedes the accounting and reporting provisions for the disposal of a business segment as found in apb no . 30 , 201creporting the results of operations 2014reporting the effects of disposal of a segment of a business and extraordinary , unusual and infrequently occurring events and transactions 201d . however , sfas no . 144 retains the requirement in apb no . 30 to separately report discontinued operations , and broadens the scope of such requirement to include more types of disposal transactions . the scope of sfas no . 144 excludes goodwill and other intangible assets that are not to be amortized , as the accounting for such items is prescribed by sfas no . 142 . the company implemented sfas no . 144 on january 1 , 2002 . accordingly , all relevant impairment assessments and decisions concerning discontinued operations have been made under this standard in 2002. . Conversations: q0: what was the value of contributions in 2002? 979000.0 q1: what was the value of contributions in 2001? 1540000.0 q2: what was the difference? -561000.0 Question: what, again, was the value in 2001? Answer:

1540000.0

convfinqa1573

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: american tower corporation and subsidiaries notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) the following table illustrates the effect on net loss and net loss per share if the company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of sfas no . 123 to stock-based compensation . the estimated fair value of each option is calculated using the black-scholes option-pricing model ( in thousands , except per share amounts ) : . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>2002</td><td>2001</td><td>2000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net loss as reported</td><td>$ -1141879 ( 1141879 )</td><td>$ -450094 ( 450094 )</td><td>$ -194628 ( 194628 )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value basedmethod for all awards net of related tax effect</td><td>-38126 ( 38126 )</td><td>-50540 ( 50540 )</td><td>-51186 ( 51186 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>pro-forma net loss</td><td>$ -1180005 ( 1180005 )</td><td>$ -500634 ( 500634 )</td><td>$ -245814 ( 245814 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014as reported</td><td>$ -5.84 ( 5.84 )</td><td>$ -2.35 ( 2.35 )</td><td>$ -1.15 ( 1.15 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>basic and diluted net loss per share 2014pro-forma</td><td>$ -6.04 ( 6.04 )</td><td>$ -2.61 ( 2.61 )</td><td>$ -1.46 ( 1.46 )</td></tr></table> fair value of financial instruments 2014as of december 31 , 2002 , the carrying amounts of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 210.9 million , $ 212.7 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 291.4 million , $ 187.2 million , $ 144.4 million and $ 780.0 million , respectively . as of december 31 , 2001 , the carrying amount of the company 2019s 5.0% ( 5.0 % ) convertible notes , the 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) convertible notes , the 6.25% ( 6.25 % ) convertible notes and the senior notes were approximately $ 450.0 million , $ 204.1 million , $ 212.8 million and $ 1.0 billion , respectively , and the fair values of such notes were $ 268.3 million , $ 173.1 million , $ 158.2 million and $ 805.0 million , respectively . fair values were determined based on quoted market prices . the carrying values of all other financial instruments reasonably approximate the related fair values as of december 31 , 2002 and 2001 . retirement plan 2014the company has a 401 ( k ) plan covering substantially all employees who meet certain age and employment requirements . under the plan , the company matches 35% ( 35 % ) of participants 2019 contributions up to a maximum 5% ( 5 % ) of a participant 2019s compensation . the company contributed approximately $ 979000 , $ 1540000 and $ 1593000 to the plan for the years ended december 31 , 2002 , 2001 and 2000 , respectively . recent accounting pronouncements 2014in june 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 143 , 201caccounting for asset retirement obligations . 201d this statement establishes accounting standards for the recognition and measurement of liabilities associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the related asset retirement costs . the requirements of sfas no . 143 are effective for the company as of january 1 , 2003 . the company will adopt this statement in the first quarter of 2003 and does not expect the impact of adopting this statement to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations . in august 2001 , the fasb issued sfas no . 144 , 201caccounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets . 201d sfas no . 144 supersedes sfas no . 121 , 201caccounting for the impairment of long-lived assets and for long-lived assets to be disposed of , 201d but retains many of its fundamental provisions . sfas no . 144 also clarifies certain measurement and classification issues from sfas no . 121 . in addition , sfas no . 144 supersedes the accounting and reporting provisions for the disposal of a business segment as found in apb no . 30 , 201creporting the results of operations 2014reporting the effects of disposal of a segment of a business and extraordinary , unusual and infrequently occurring events and transactions 201d . however , sfas no . 144 retains the requirement in apb no . 30 to separately report discontinued operations , and broadens the scope of such requirement to include more types of disposal transactions . the scope of sfas no . 144 excludes goodwill and other intangible assets that are not to be amortized , as the accounting for such items is prescribed by sfas no . 142 . the company implemented sfas no . 144 on january 1 , 2002 . accordingly , all relevant impairment assessments and decisions concerning discontinued operations have been made under this standard in 2002. . Conversations: q0: what was the value of contributions in 2002? 979000.0 q1: what was the value of contributions in 2001? 1540000.0 q2: what was the difference? -561000.0 q3: what, again, was the value in 2001? 1540000.0 Question: what is the percent change? Answer:

-0.36429

convfinqa1574

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: appropriate statistical bases . total expense for repairs and maintenance incurred was $ 2.5 billion for 2015 , $ 2.4 billion for 2014 , and $ 2.3 billion for 2013 . assets held under capital leases are recorded at the lower of the net present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair value of the leased asset at the inception of the lease . amortization expense is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the period of the related lease . 13 . accounts payable and other current liabilities dec . 31 , dec . 31 , millions 2015 2014 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>millions</td><td>dec . 31 2015</td><td>dec . 31 2014</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>accounts payable</td><td>$ 743</td><td>$ 877</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>income and other taxes payable</td><td>434</td><td>412</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>accrued wages and vacation</td><td>391</td><td>409</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>interest payable</td><td>208</td><td>178</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>accrued casualty costs</td><td>181</td><td>249</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>equipment rents payable</td><td>105</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>dividends payable [a]</td><td>-</td><td>438</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>other</td><td>550</td><td>640</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>total accounts payable and other current liabilities</td><td>$ 2612</td><td>$ 3303</td></tr></table> [a] beginning in 2015 , the timing of the dividend declaration and payable dates was aligned to occur within the same quarter . the 2015 dividends paid amount includes the fourth quarter 2014 dividend of $ 438 million , which was paid on january 2 , 2015 , the first quarter 2015 dividend of $ 484 million , which was paid on march 30 , 2015 , the second quarter 2015 dividend of $ 479 million , which was paid on june 30 , 2015 , the third quarter 2015 dividend of $ 476 million , which was paid on september 30 , 2015 , as well as the fourth quarter 2015 dividend of $ 467 million , which was paid on december 30 , 2015 . 14 . financial instruments strategy and risk 2013 we may use derivative financial instruments in limited instances for other than trading purposes to assist in managing our overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and fuel prices . we are not a party to leveraged derivatives and , by policy , do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes . derivative financial instruments qualifying for hedge accounting must maintain a specified level of effectiveness between the hedging instrument and the item being hedged , both at inception and throughout the hedged period . we formally document the nature and relationships between the hedging instruments and hedged items at inception , as well as our risk- management objectives , strategies for undertaking the various hedge transactions , and method of assessing hedge effectiveness . changes in the fair market value of derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are charged to earnings . we may use swaps , collars , futures , and/or forward contracts to mitigate the risk of adverse movements in interest rates and fuel prices ; however , the use of these derivative financial instruments may limit future benefits from favorable interest rate and fuel price movements . market and credit risk 2013 we address market risk related to derivative financial instruments by selecting instruments with value fluctuations that highly correlate with the underlying hedged item . we manage credit risk related to derivative financial instruments , which is minimal , by requiring high credit standards for counterparties and periodic settlements . at december 31 , 2015 , and 2014 , we were not required to provide collateral , nor had we received collateral , relating to our hedging activities . interest rate fair value hedges 2013 we manage our overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates by adjusting the proportion of fixed and floating rate debt instruments within our debt portfolio over a given period . we generally manage the mix of fixed and floating rate debt through the issuance of targeted amounts of each as debt matures or as we require incremental borrowings . we employ derivatives , primarily swaps , as one of the tools to obtain the targeted mix . in addition , we also obtain flexibility in managing interest costs and the interest rate mix within our debt portfolio by evaluating the issuance of and managing outstanding callable fixed-rate debt securities . swaps allow us to convert debt from fixed rates to variable rates and thereby hedge the risk of changes in the debt 2019s fair value attributable to the changes in interest rates . we account for swaps as fair value hedges using the short-cut method ; therefore , we do not record any ineffectiveness within our . Conversations: Question: what was the net change in accrued wages and vacation from 2014 to 2015? Answer:

-18.0

convfinqa1575

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: appropriate statistical bases . total expense for repairs and maintenance incurred was $ 2.5 billion for 2015 , $ 2.4 billion for 2014 , and $ 2.3 billion for 2013 . assets held under capital leases are recorded at the lower of the net present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair value of the leased asset at the inception of the lease . amortization expense is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the period of the related lease . 13 . accounts payable and other current liabilities dec . 31 , dec . 31 , millions 2015 2014 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>millions</td><td>dec . 31 2015</td><td>dec . 31 2014</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>accounts payable</td><td>$ 743</td><td>$ 877</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>income and other taxes payable</td><td>434</td><td>412</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>accrued wages and vacation</td><td>391</td><td>409</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>interest payable</td><td>208</td><td>178</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>accrued casualty costs</td><td>181</td><td>249</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>equipment rents payable</td><td>105</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>dividends payable [a]</td><td>-</td><td>438</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>other</td><td>550</td><td>640</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>total accounts payable and other current liabilities</td><td>$ 2612</td><td>$ 3303</td></tr></table> [a] beginning in 2015 , the timing of the dividend declaration and payable dates was aligned to occur within the same quarter . the 2015 dividends paid amount includes the fourth quarter 2014 dividend of $ 438 million , which was paid on january 2 , 2015 , the first quarter 2015 dividend of $ 484 million , which was paid on march 30 , 2015 , the second quarter 2015 dividend of $ 479 million , which was paid on june 30 , 2015 , the third quarter 2015 dividend of $ 476 million , which was paid on september 30 , 2015 , as well as the fourth quarter 2015 dividend of $ 467 million , which was paid on december 30 , 2015 . 14 . financial instruments strategy and risk 2013 we may use derivative financial instruments in limited instances for other than trading purposes to assist in managing our overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and fuel prices . we are not a party to leveraged derivatives and , by policy , do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes . derivative financial instruments qualifying for hedge accounting must maintain a specified level of effectiveness between the hedging instrument and the item being hedged , both at inception and throughout the hedged period . we formally document the nature and relationships between the hedging instruments and hedged items at inception , as well as our risk- management objectives , strategies for undertaking the various hedge transactions , and method of assessing hedge effectiveness . changes in the fair market value of derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are charged to earnings . we may use swaps , collars , futures , and/or forward contracts to mitigate the risk of adverse movements in interest rates and fuel prices ; however , the use of these derivative financial instruments may limit future benefits from favorable interest rate and fuel price movements . market and credit risk 2013 we address market risk related to derivative financial instruments by selecting instruments with value fluctuations that highly correlate with the underlying hedged item . we manage credit risk related to derivative financial instruments , which is minimal , by requiring high credit standards for counterparties and periodic settlements . at december 31 , 2015 , and 2014 , we were not required to provide collateral , nor had we received collateral , relating to our hedging activities . interest rate fair value hedges 2013 we manage our overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates by adjusting the proportion of fixed and floating rate debt instruments within our debt portfolio over a given period . we generally manage the mix of fixed and floating rate debt through the issuance of targeted amounts of each as debt matures or as we require incremental borrowings . we employ derivatives , primarily swaps , as one of the tools to obtain the targeted mix . in addition , we also obtain flexibility in managing interest costs and the interest rate mix within our debt portfolio by evaluating the issuance of and managing outstanding callable fixed-rate debt securities . swaps allow us to convert debt from fixed rates to variable rates and thereby hedge the risk of changes in the debt 2019s fair value attributable to the changes in interest rates . we account for swaps as fair value hedges using the short-cut method ; therefore , we do not record any ineffectiveness within our . Conversations: q0: what was the net change in accrued wages and vacation from 2014 to 2015? -18.0 Question: what was the 2014 value? Answer:

409.0

convfinqa1576

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: appropriate statistical bases . total expense for repairs and maintenance incurred was $ 2.5 billion for 2015 , $ 2.4 billion for 2014 , and $ 2.3 billion for 2013 . assets held under capital leases are recorded at the lower of the net present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair value of the leased asset at the inception of the lease . amortization expense is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the period of the related lease . 13 . accounts payable and other current liabilities dec . 31 , dec . 31 , millions 2015 2014 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>millions</td><td>dec . 31 2015</td><td>dec . 31 2014</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>accounts payable</td><td>$ 743</td><td>$ 877</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>income and other taxes payable</td><td>434</td><td>412</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>accrued wages and vacation</td><td>391</td><td>409</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>interest payable</td><td>208</td><td>178</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>accrued casualty costs</td><td>181</td><td>249</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>equipment rents payable</td><td>105</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>dividends payable [a]</td><td>-</td><td>438</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>other</td><td>550</td><td>640</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>total accounts payable and other current liabilities</td><td>$ 2612</td><td>$ 3303</td></tr></table> [a] beginning in 2015 , the timing of the dividend declaration and payable dates was aligned to occur within the same quarter . the 2015 dividends paid amount includes the fourth quarter 2014 dividend of $ 438 million , which was paid on january 2 , 2015 , the first quarter 2015 dividend of $ 484 million , which was paid on march 30 , 2015 , the second quarter 2015 dividend of $ 479 million , which was paid on june 30 , 2015 , the third quarter 2015 dividend of $ 476 million , which was paid on september 30 , 2015 , as well as the fourth quarter 2015 dividend of $ 467 million , which was paid on december 30 , 2015 . 14 . financial instruments strategy and risk 2013 we may use derivative financial instruments in limited instances for other than trading purposes to assist in managing our overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and fuel prices . we are not a party to leveraged derivatives and , by policy , do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes . derivative financial instruments qualifying for hedge accounting must maintain a specified level of effectiveness between the hedging instrument and the item being hedged , both at inception and throughout the hedged period . we formally document the nature and relationships between the hedging instruments and hedged items at inception , as well as our risk- management objectives , strategies for undertaking the various hedge transactions , and method of assessing hedge effectiveness . changes in the fair market value of derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are charged to earnings . we may use swaps , collars , futures , and/or forward contracts to mitigate the risk of adverse movements in interest rates and fuel prices ; however , the use of these derivative financial instruments may limit future benefits from favorable interest rate and fuel price movements . market and credit risk 2013 we address market risk related to derivative financial instruments by selecting instruments with value fluctuations that highly correlate with the underlying hedged item . we manage credit risk related to derivative financial instruments , which is minimal , by requiring high credit standards for counterparties and periodic settlements . at december 31 , 2015 , and 2014 , we were not required to provide collateral , nor had we received collateral , relating to our hedging activities . interest rate fair value hedges 2013 we manage our overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates by adjusting the proportion of fixed and floating rate debt instruments within our debt portfolio over a given period . we generally manage the mix of fixed and floating rate debt through the issuance of targeted amounts of each as debt matures or as we require incremental borrowings . we employ derivatives , primarily swaps , as one of the tools to obtain the targeted mix . in addition , we also obtain flexibility in managing interest costs and the interest rate mix within our debt portfolio by evaluating the issuance of and managing outstanding callable fixed-rate debt securities . swaps allow us to convert debt from fixed rates to variable rates and thereby hedge the risk of changes in the debt 2019s fair value attributable to the changes in interest rates . we account for swaps as fair value hedges using the short-cut method ; therefore , we do not record any ineffectiveness within our . Conversations: q0: what was the net change in accrued wages and vacation from 2014 to 2015? -18.0 q1: what was the 2014 value? 409.0 Question: what is the percent change? Answer:

-0.04401

convfinqa1577

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: entergy louisiana , llc management's financial discussion and analysis net revenue 2008 compared to 2007 net revenue consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related expenses , and gas purchased for resale , 2 ) purchased power expenses , and 3 ) other regulatory charges . following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2008 to 2007 . amount ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>amount ( in millions )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2007 net revenue</td><td>$ 991.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>retail electric price</td><td>-17.1 ( 17.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>purchased power capacity</td><td>-12.0 ( 12.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>net wholesale revenue</td><td>-7.4 ( 7.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other</td><td>4.6</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2008 net revenue</td><td>$ 959.2</td></tr></table> the retail electric price variance is primarily due to the cessation of the interim storm recovery through the formula rate plan upon the act 55 financing of storm costs and a credit passed on to customers as a result of the act 55 storm cost financing , partially offset by increases in the formula rate plan effective october 2007 . refer to "hurricane rita and hurricane katrina" and "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the interim recovery of storm costs , the act 55 storm cost financing , and the formula rate plan filing . the purchased power capacity variance is due to the amortization of deferred capacity costs effective september 2007 as a result of the formula rate plan filing in may 2007 . purchased power capacity costs are offset in base revenues due to a base rate increase implemented to recover incremental deferred and ongoing purchased power capacity charges . see "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the formula rate plan filing . the net wholesale revenue variance is primarily due to provisions recorded for potential rate refunds related to the treatment of interruptible load in pricing entergy system affiliate sales . gross operating revenue and , fuel and purchased power expenses gross operating revenues increased primarily due to an increase of $ 364.7 million in fuel cost recovery revenues due to higher fuel rates offset by decreased usage . the increase was partially offset by a decrease of $ 56.8 million in gross wholesale revenue due to a decrease in system agreement rough production cost equalization credits . fuel and purchased power expenses increased primarily due to increases in the average market prices of natural gas and purchased power , partially offset by a decrease in the recovery from customers of deferred fuel costs. . Conversations: Question: what was the net revenue in 2008? Answer:

959.2

convfinqa1578

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: entergy louisiana , llc management's financial discussion and analysis net revenue 2008 compared to 2007 net revenue consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related expenses , and gas purchased for resale , 2 ) purchased power expenses , and 3 ) other regulatory charges . following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2008 to 2007 . amount ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>amount ( in millions )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2007 net revenue</td><td>$ 991.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>retail electric price</td><td>-17.1 ( 17.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>purchased power capacity</td><td>-12.0 ( 12.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>net wholesale revenue</td><td>-7.4 ( 7.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other</td><td>4.6</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2008 net revenue</td><td>$ 959.2</td></tr></table> the retail electric price variance is primarily due to the cessation of the interim storm recovery through the formula rate plan upon the act 55 financing of storm costs and a credit passed on to customers as a result of the act 55 storm cost financing , partially offset by increases in the formula rate plan effective october 2007 . refer to "hurricane rita and hurricane katrina" and "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the interim recovery of storm costs , the act 55 storm cost financing , and the formula rate plan filing . the purchased power capacity variance is due to the amortization of deferred capacity costs effective september 2007 as a result of the formula rate plan filing in may 2007 . purchased power capacity costs are offset in base revenues due to a base rate increase implemented to recover incremental deferred and ongoing purchased power capacity charges . see "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the formula rate plan filing . the net wholesale revenue variance is primarily due to provisions recorded for potential rate refunds related to the treatment of interruptible load in pricing entergy system affiliate sales . gross operating revenue and , fuel and purchased power expenses gross operating revenues increased primarily due to an increase of $ 364.7 million in fuel cost recovery revenues due to higher fuel rates offset by decreased usage . the increase was partially offset by a decrease of $ 56.8 million in gross wholesale revenue due to a decrease in system agreement rough production cost equalization credits . fuel and purchased power expenses increased primarily due to increases in the average market prices of natural gas and purchased power , partially offset by a decrease in the recovery from customers of deferred fuel costs. . Conversations: q0: what was the net revenue in 2008? 959.2 Question: and what was it in 2007? Answer:

991.1

convfinqa1579

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: entergy louisiana , llc management's financial discussion and analysis net revenue 2008 compared to 2007 net revenue consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related expenses , and gas purchased for resale , 2 ) purchased power expenses , and 3 ) other regulatory charges . following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2008 to 2007 . amount ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>amount ( in millions )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2007 net revenue</td><td>$ 991.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>retail electric price</td><td>-17.1 ( 17.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>purchased power capacity</td><td>-12.0 ( 12.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>net wholesale revenue</td><td>-7.4 ( 7.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other</td><td>4.6</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2008 net revenue</td><td>$ 959.2</td></tr></table> the retail electric price variance is primarily due to the cessation of the interim storm recovery through the formula rate plan upon the act 55 financing of storm costs and a credit passed on to customers as a result of the act 55 storm cost financing , partially offset by increases in the formula rate plan effective october 2007 . refer to "hurricane rita and hurricane katrina" and "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the interim recovery of storm costs , the act 55 storm cost financing , and the formula rate plan filing . the purchased power capacity variance is due to the amortization of deferred capacity costs effective september 2007 as a result of the formula rate plan filing in may 2007 . purchased power capacity costs are offset in base revenues due to a base rate increase implemented to recover incremental deferred and ongoing purchased power capacity charges . see "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the formula rate plan filing . the net wholesale revenue variance is primarily due to provisions recorded for potential rate refunds related to the treatment of interruptible load in pricing entergy system affiliate sales . gross operating revenue and , fuel and purchased power expenses gross operating revenues increased primarily due to an increase of $ 364.7 million in fuel cost recovery revenues due to higher fuel rates offset by decreased usage . the increase was partially offset by a decrease of $ 56.8 million in gross wholesale revenue due to a decrease in system agreement rough production cost equalization credits . fuel and purchased power expenses increased primarily due to increases in the average market prices of natural gas and purchased power , partially offset by a decrease in the recovery from customers of deferred fuel costs. . Conversations: q0: what was the net revenue in 2008? 959.2 q1: and what was it in 2007? 991.1 Question: what was, then, the change over the year? Answer:

-31.9

convfinqa1580

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: entergy louisiana , llc management's financial discussion and analysis net revenue 2008 compared to 2007 net revenue consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related expenses , and gas purchased for resale , 2 ) purchased power expenses , and 3 ) other regulatory charges . following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2008 to 2007 . amount ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>amount ( in millions )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2007 net revenue</td><td>$ 991.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>retail electric price</td><td>-17.1 ( 17.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>purchased power capacity</td><td>-12.0 ( 12.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>net wholesale revenue</td><td>-7.4 ( 7.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other</td><td>4.6</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2008 net revenue</td><td>$ 959.2</td></tr></table> the retail electric price variance is primarily due to the cessation of the interim storm recovery through the formula rate plan upon the act 55 financing of storm costs and a credit passed on to customers as a result of the act 55 storm cost financing , partially offset by increases in the formula rate plan effective october 2007 . refer to "hurricane rita and hurricane katrina" and "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the interim recovery of storm costs , the act 55 storm cost financing , and the formula rate plan filing . the purchased power capacity variance is due to the amortization of deferred capacity costs effective september 2007 as a result of the formula rate plan filing in may 2007 . purchased power capacity costs are offset in base revenues due to a base rate increase implemented to recover incremental deferred and ongoing purchased power capacity charges . see "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the formula rate plan filing . the net wholesale revenue variance is primarily due to provisions recorded for potential rate refunds related to the treatment of interruptible load in pricing entergy system affiliate sales . gross operating revenue and , fuel and purchased power expenses gross operating revenues increased primarily due to an increase of $ 364.7 million in fuel cost recovery revenues due to higher fuel rates offset by decreased usage . the increase was partially offset by a decrease of $ 56.8 million in gross wholesale revenue due to a decrease in system agreement rough production cost equalization credits . fuel and purchased power expenses increased primarily due to increases in the average market prices of natural gas and purchased power , partially offset by a decrease in the recovery from customers of deferred fuel costs. . Conversations: q0: what was the net revenue in 2008? 959.2 q1: and what was it in 2007? 991.1 q2: what was, then, the change over the year? -31.9 Question: and what percentage of this change did the purchased power capacity represent? Answer:

0.37618

convfinqa1581

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: entergy louisiana , llc management's financial discussion and analysis net revenue 2008 compared to 2007 net revenue consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related expenses , and gas purchased for resale , 2 ) purchased power expenses , and 3 ) other regulatory charges . following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2008 to 2007 . amount ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>amount ( in millions )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2007 net revenue</td><td>$ 991.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>retail electric price</td><td>-17.1 ( 17.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>purchased power capacity</td><td>-12.0 ( 12.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>net wholesale revenue</td><td>-7.4 ( 7.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other</td><td>4.6</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2008 net revenue</td><td>$ 959.2</td></tr></table> the retail electric price variance is primarily due to the cessation of the interim storm recovery through the formula rate plan upon the act 55 financing of storm costs and a credit passed on to customers as a result of the act 55 storm cost financing , partially offset by increases in the formula rate plan effective october 2007 . refer to "hurricane rita and hurricane katrina" and "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the interim recovery of storm costs , the act 55 storm cost financing , and the formula rate plan filing . the purchased power capacity variance is due to the amortization of deferred capacity costs effective september 2007 as a result of the formula rate plan filing in may 2007 . purchased power capacity costs are offset in base revenues due to a base rate increase implemented to recover incremental deferred and ongoing purchased power capacity charges . see "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the formula rate plan filing . the net wholesale revenue variance is primarily due to provisions recorded for potential rate refunds related to the treatment of interruptible load in pricing entergy system affiliate sales . gross operating revenue and , fuel and purchased power expenses gross operating revenues increased primarily due to an increase of $ 364.7 million in fuel cost recovery revenues due to higher fuel rates offset by decreased usage . the increase was partially offset by a decrease of $ 56.8 million in gross wholesale revenue due to a decrease in system agreement rough production cost equalization credits . fuel and purchased power expenses increased primarily due to increases in the average market prices of natural gas and purchased power , partially offset by a decrease in the recovery from customers of deferred fuel costs. . Conversations: q0: what was the net revenue in 2008? 959.2 q1: and what was it in 2007? 991.1 q2: what was, then, the change over the year? -31.9 q3: and what percentage of this change did the purchased power capacity represent? 0.37618 Question: and considering only the retail electric price and the purchased power capacity, what was that variation? Answer:

-29.1

convfinqa1582

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: entergy louisiana , llc management's financial discussion and analysis net revenue 2008 compared to 2007 net revenue consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related expenses , and gas purchased for resale , 2 ) purchased power expenses , and 3 ) other regulatory charges . following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2008 to 2007 . amount ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>amount ( in millions )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2007 net revenue</td><td>$ 991.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>retail electric price</td><td>-17.1 ( 17.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>purchased power capacity</td><td>-12.0 ( 12.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>net wholesale revenue</td><td>-7.4 ( 7.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other</td><td>4.6</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2008 net revenue</td><td>$ 959.2</td></tr></table> the retail electric price variance is primarily due to the cessation of the interim storm recovery through the formula rate plan upon the act 55 financing of storm costs and a credit passed on to customers as a result of the act 55 storm cost financing , partially offset by increases in the formula rate plan effective october 2007 . refer to "hurricane rita and hurricane katrina" and "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the interim recovery of storm costs , the act 55 storm cost financing , and the formula rate plan filing . the purchased power capacity variance is due to the amortization of deferred capacity costs effective september 2007 as a result of the formula rate plan filing in may 2007 . purchased power capacity costs are offset in base revenues due to a base rate increase implemented to recover incremental deferred and ongoing purchased power capacity charges . see "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the formula rate plan filing . the net wholesale revenue variance is primarily due to provisions recorded for potential rate refunds related to the treatment of interruptible load in pricing entergy system affiliate sales . gross operating revenue and , fuel and purchased power expenses gross operating revenues increased primarily due to an increase of $ 364.7 million in fuel cost recovery revenues due to higher fuel rates offset by decreased usage . the increase was partially offset by a decrease of $ 56.8 million in gross wholesale revenue due to a decrease in system agreement rough production cost equalization credits . fuel and purchased power expenses increased primarily due to increases in the average market prices of natural gas and purchased power , partially offset by a decrease in the recovery from customers of deferred fuel costs. . Conversations: q0: what was the net revenue in 2008? 959.2 q1: and what was it in 2007? 991.1 q2: what was, then, the change over the year? -31.9 q3: and what percentage of this change did the purchased power capacity represent? 0.37618 q4: and considering only the retail electric price and the purchased power capacity, what was that variation? -29.1 Question: including the net wholesale revenue, what becomes the total variation for these three segments? Answer:

-36.5

convfinqa1583

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: entergy louisiana , llc management's financial discussion and analysis net revenue 2008 compared to 2007 net revenue consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related expenses , and gas purchased for resale , 2 ) purchased power expenses , and 3 ) other regulatory charges . following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2008 to 2007 . amount ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td>amount ( in millions )</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>2007 net revenue</td><td>$ 991.1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>retail electric price</td><td>-17.1 ( 17.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>purchased power capacity</td><td>-12.0 ( 12.0 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>net wholesale revenue</td><td>-7.4 ( 7.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>other</td><td>4.6</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>2008 net revenue</td><td>$ 959.2</td></tr></table> the retail electric price variance is primarily due to the cessation of the interim storm recovery through the formula rate plan upon the act 55 financing of storm costs and a credit passed on to customers as a result of the act 55 storm cost financing , partially offset by increases in the formula rate plan effective october 2007 . refer to "hurricane rita and hurricane katrina" and "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the interim recovery of storm costs , the act 55 storm cost financing , and the formula rate plan filing . the purchased power capacity variance is due to the amortization of deferred capacity costs effective september 2007 as a result of the formula rate plan filing in may 2007 . purchased power capacity costs are offset in base revenues due to a base rate increase implemented to recover incremental deferred and ongoing purchased power capacity charges . see "state and local rate regulation" below for a discussion of the formula rate plan filing . the net wholesale revenue variance is primarily due to provisions recorded for potential rate refunds related to the treatment of interruptible load in pricing entergy system affiliate sales . gross operating revenue and , fuel and purchased power expenses gross operating revenues increased primarily due to an increase of $ 364.7 million in fuel cost recovery revenues due to higher fuel rates offset by decreased usage . the increase was partially offset by a decrease of $ 56.8 million in gross wholesale revenue due to a decrease in system agreement rough production cost equalization credits . fuel and purchased power expenses increased primarily due to increases in the average market prices of natural gas and purchased power , partially offset by a decrease in the recovery from customers of deferred fuel costs. . Conversations: q0: what was the net revenue in 2008? 959.2 q1: and what was it in 2007? 991.1 q2: what was, then, the change over the year? -31.9 q3: and what percentage of this change did the purchased power capacity represent? 0.37618 q4: and considering only the retail electric price and the purchased power capacity, what was that variation? -29.1 q5: including the net wholesale revenue, what becomes the total variation for these three segments? -36.5 Question: and including other, what then becomes this total variation for that period? Answer:

-31.9

convfinqa1584

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: management 2019s discussion and analysis sensitivity measures certain portfolios and individual positions are not included in var because var is not the most appropriate risk measure . other sensitivity measures we use to analyze market risk are described below . 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity measures . the table below presents market risk for inventory positions that are not included in var . the market risk of these positions is determined by estimating the potential reduction in net revenues of a 10% ( 10 % ) decline in the underlying asset value . equity positions below relate to private and restricted public equity securities , including interests in funds that invest in corporate equities and real estate and interests in hedge funds , which are included in 201cfinancial instruments owned , at fair value . 201d debt positions include interests in funds that invest in corporate mezzanine and senior debt instruments , loans backed by commercial and residential real estate , corporate bank loans and other corporate debt , including acquired portfolios of distressed loans . these debt positions are included in 201cfinancial instruments owned , at fair value . 201d see note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for further information about cash instruments . these measures do not reflect diversification benefits across asset categories or across other market risk measures . asset categories 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount as of december in millions 2013 2012 equity 1 $ 2256 $ 2471 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>asset categories</td><td>asset categories</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>in millions</td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>equity1</td><td>$ 2256</td><td>$ 2471</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>debt</td><td>1522</td><td>1676</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total</td><td>$ 3778</td><td>$ 4147</td></tr></table> 1 . december 2012 includes $ 208 million related to our investment in the ordinary shares of icbc , which was sold in the first half of 2013 . credit spread sensitivity on derivatives and borrowings . var excludes the impact of changes in counterparty and our own credit spreads on derivatives as well as changes in our own credit spreads on unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected . the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in credit spreads ( counterparty and our own ) on derivatives was a gain of $ 4 million and $ 3 million ( including hedges ) as of december 2013 and december 2012 , respectively . in addition , the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in our own credit spreads on unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected was a gain of $ 8 million and $ 7 million ( including hedges ) as of december 2013 and december 2012 , respectively . however , the actual net impact of a change in our own credit spreads is also affected by the liquidity , duration and convexity ( as the sensitivity is not linear to changes in yields ) of those unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected , as well as the relative performance of any hedges undertaken . interest rate sensitivity . as of december 2013 and december 2012 , the firm had $ 14.90 billion and $ 6.50 billion , respectively , of loans held for investment which were accounted for at amortized cost and included in 201creceivables from customers and counterparties , 201d substantially all of which had floating interest rates . as of december 2013 and december 2012 , the estimated sensitivity to a 100 basis point increase in interest rates on such loans was $ 136 million and $ 62 million , respectively , of additional interest income over a 12-month period , which does not take into account the potential impact of an increase in costs to fund such loans . see note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for further information about loans held for investment . goldman sachs 2013 annual report 95 . Conversations: Question: as of december 2013, what was the value of the total 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount that was equity related? Answer:

2256.0

convfinqa1585

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: management 2019s discussion and analysis sensitivity measures certain portfolios and individual positions are not included in var because var is not the most appropriate risk measure . other sensitivity measures we use to analyze market risk are described below . 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity measures . the table below presents market risk for inventory positions that are not included in var . the market risk of these positions is determined by estimating the potential reduction in net revenues of a 10% ( 10 % ) decline in the underlying asset value . equity positions below relate to private and restricted public equity securities , including interests in funds that invest in corporate equities and real estate and interests in hedge funds , which are included in 201cfinancial instruments owned , at fair value . 201d debt positions include interests in funds that invest in corporate mezzanine and senior debt instruments , loans backed by commercial and residential real estate , corporate bank loans and other corporate debt , including acquired portfolios of distressed loans . these debt positions are included in 201cfinancial instruments owned , at fair value . 201d see note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for further information about cash instruments . these measures do not reflect diversification benefits across asset categories or across other market risk measures . asset categories 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount as of december in millions 2013 2012 equity 1 $ 2256 $ 2471 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>asset categories</td><td>asset categories</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>in millions</td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>equity1</td><td>$ 2256</td><td>$ 2471</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>debt</td><td>1522</td><td>1676</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total</td><td>$ 3778</td><td>$ 4147</td></tr></table> 1 . december 2012 includes $ 208 million related to our investment in the ordinary shares of icbc , which was sold in the first half of 2013 . credit spread sensitivity on derivatives and borrowings . var excludes the impact of changes in counterparty and our own credit spreads on derivatives as well as changes in our own credit spreads on unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected . the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in credit spreads ( counterparty and our own ) on derivatives was a gain of $ 4 million and $ 3 million ( including hedges ) as of december 2013 and december 2012 , respectively . in addition , the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in our own credit spreads on unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected was a gain of $ 8 million and $ 7 million ( including hedges ) as of december 2013 and december 2012 , respectively . however , the actual net impact of a change in our own credit spreads is also affected by the liquidity , duration and convexity ( as the sensitivity is not linear to changes in yields ) of those unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected , as well as the relative performance of any hedges undertaken . interest rate sensitivity . as of december 2013 and december 2012 , the firm had $ 14.90 billion and $ 6.50 billion , respectively , of loans held for investment which were accounted for at amortized cost and included in 201creceivables from customers and counterparties , 201d substantially all of which had floating interest rates . as of december 2013 and december 2012 , the estimated sensitivity to a 100 basis point increase in interest rates on such loans was $ 136 million and $ 62 million , respectively , of additional interest income over a 12-month period , which does not take into account the potential impact of an increase in costs to fund such loans . see note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for further information about loans held for investment . goldman sachs 2013 annual report 95 . Conversations: q0: as of december 2013, what was the value of the total 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount that was equity related? 2256.0 Question: and what was that total 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount? Answer:

3778.0

convfinqa1586

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: management 2019s discussion and analysis sensitivity measures certain portfolios and individual positions are not included in var because var is not the most appropriate risk measure . other sensitivity measures we use to analyze market risk are described below . 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity measures . the table below presents market risk for inventory positions that are not included in var . the market risk of these positions is determined by estimating the potential reduction in net revenues of a 10% ( 10 % ) decline in the underlying asset value . equity positions below relate to private and restricted public equity securities , including interests in funds that invest in corporate equities and real estate and interests in hedge funds , which are included in 201cfinancial instruments owned , at fair value . 201d debt positions include interests in funds that invest in corporate mezzanine and senior debt instruments , loans backed by commercial and residential real estate , corporate bank loans and other corporate debt , including acquired portfolios of distressed loans . these debt positions are included in 201cfinancial instruments owned , at fair value . 201d see note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for further information about cash instruments . these measures do not reflect diversification benefits across asset categories or across other market risk measures . asset categories 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount as of december in millions 2013 2012 equity 1 $ 2256 $ 2471 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>asset categories</td><td>asset categories</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>in millions</td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>equity1</td><td>$ 2256</td><td>$ 2471</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>debt</td><td>1522</td><td>1676</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total</td><td>$ 3778</td><td>$ 4147</td></tr></table> 1 . december 2012 includes $ 208 million related to our investment in the ordinary shares of icbc , which was sold in the first half of 2013 . credit spread sensitivity on derivatives and borrowings . var excludes the impact of changes in counterparty and our own credit spreads on derivatives as well as changes in our own credit spreads on unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected . the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in credit spreads ( counterparty and our own ) on derivatives was a gain of $ 4 million and $ 3 million ( including hedges ) as of december 2013 and december 2012 , respectively . in addition , the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in our own credit spreads on unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected was a gain of $ 8 million and $ 7 million ( including hedges ) as of december 2013 and december 2012 , respectively . however , the actual net impact of a change in our own credit spreads is also affected by the liquidity , duration and convexity ( as the sensitivity is not linear to changes in yields ) of those unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected , as well as the relative performance of any hedges undertaken . interest rate sensitivity . as of december 2013 and december 2012 , the firm had $ 14.90 billion and $ 6.50 billion , respectively , of loans held for investment which were accounted for at amortized cost and included in 201creceivables from customers and counterparties , 201d substantially all of which had floating interest rates . as of december 2013 and december 2012 , the estimated sensitivity to a 100 basis point increase in interest rates on such loans was $ 136 million and $ 62 million , respectively , of additional interest income over a 12-month period , which does not take into account the potential impact of an increase in costs to fund such loans . see note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for further information about loans held for investment . goldman sachs 2013 annual report 95 . Conversations: q0: as of december 2013, what was the value of the total 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount that was equity related? 2256.0 q1: and what was that total 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount? 3778.0 Question: what percentage, then, did that value represent in relation to this amount? Answer:

0.59714

convfinqa1587

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: management 2019s discussion and analysis sensitivity measures certain portfolios and individual positions are not included in var because var is not the most appropriate risk measure . other sensitivity measures we use to analyze market risk are described below . 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity measures . the table below presents market risk for inventory positions that are not included in var . the market risk of these positions is determined by estimating the potential reduction in net revenues of a 10% ( 10 % ) decline in the underlying asset value . equity positions below relate to private and restricted public equity securities , including interests in funds that invest in corporate equities and real estate and interests in hedge funds , which are included in 201cfinancial instruments owned , at fair value . 201d debt positions include interests in funds that invest in corporate mezzanine and senior debt instruments , loans backed by commercial and residential real estate , corporate bank loans and other corporate debt , including acquired portfolios of distressed loans . these debt positions are included in 201cfinancial instruments owned , at fair value . 201d see note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for further information about cash instruments . these measures do not reflect diversification benefits across asset categories or across other market risk measures . asset categories 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount as of december in millions 2013 2012 equity 1 $ 2256 $ 2471 . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>asset categories</td><td>asset categories</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>in millions</td><td>2013</td><td>2012</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>equity1</td><td>$ 2256</td><td>$ 2471</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>debt</td><td>1522</td><td>1676</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>total</td><td>$ 3778</td><td>$ 4147</td></tr></table> 1 . december 2012 includes $ 208 million related to our investment in the ordinary shares of icbc , which was sold in the first half of 2013 . credit spread sensitivity on derivatives and borrowings . var excludes the impact of changes in counterparty and our own credit spreads on derivatives as well as changes in our own credit spreads on unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected . the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in credit spreads ( counterparty and our own ) on derivatives was a gain of $ 4 million and $ 3 million ( including hedges ) as of december 2013 and december 2012 , respectively . in addition , the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in our own credit spreads on unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected was a gain of $ 8 million and $ 7 million ( including hedges ) as of december 2013 and december 2012 , respectively . however , the actual net impact of a change in our own credit spreads is also affected by the liquidity , duration and convexity ( as the sensitivity is not linear to changes in yields ) of those unsecured borrowings for which the fair value option was elected , as well as the relative performance of any hedges undertaken . interest rate sensitivity . as of december 2013 and december 2012 , the firm had $ 14.90 billion and $ 6.50 billion , respectively , of loans held for investment which were accounted for at amortized cost and included in 201creceivables from customers and counterparties , 201d substantially all of which had floating interest rates . as of december 2013 and december 2012 , the estimated sensitivity to a 100 basis point increase in interest rates on such loans was $ 136 million and $ 62 million , respectively , of additional interest income over a 12-month period , which does not take into account the potential impact of an increase in costs to fund such loans . see note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for further information about loans held for investment . goldman sachs 2013 annual report 95 . Conversations: q0: as of december 2013, what was the value of the total 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount that was equity related? 2256.0 q1: and what was that total 10% ( 10 % ) sensitivity amount? 3778.0 q2: what percentage, then, did that value represent in relation to this amount? 0.59714 Question: and what was that percentage representation of the equity related amount for the year of 2012? Answer:

0.59585

convfinqa1588

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: management 2019s discussion and analysis 164 jpmorgan chase & co./2013 annual report firm ) is required to hold more than the additional 2.5% ( 2.5 % ) of tier 1 common . in addition , basel iii establishes a 6.5% ( 6.5 % ) tier i common equity standard for the definition of 201cwell capitalized 201d under the prompt corrective action ( 201cpca 201d ) requirements of the fdic improvement act ( 201cfdicia 201d ) . the tier i common equity standard is effective from the first quarter of 2015 . the following chart presents the basel iii minimum risk-based capital ratios during the transitional periods and on a fully phased-in basis . the chart also includes management 2019s target for the firm 2019s tier 1 common ratio . it is the firm 2019s current expectation that its basel iii tier 1 common ratio will exceed the regulatory minimums , both during the transition period and upon full implementation in 2019 and thereafter . the firm estimates that its tier 1 common ratio under the basel iii advanced approach on a fully phased-in basis would be 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) as of december 31 , 2013 , achieving management 2019s previously stated objectives . the tier 1 common ratio as calculated under the basel iii standardized approach is estimated at 9.4% ( 9.4 % ) as of december 31 , 2013 . the tier 1 common ratio under both basel i and basel iii are non-gaap financial measures . however , such measures are used by bank regulators , investors and analysts to assess the firm 2019s capital position and to compare the firm 2019s capital to that of other financial services companies . the following table presents a comparison of the firm 2019s tier 1 common under basel i rules to its estimated tier 1 common under the advanced approach of the basel iii rules , along with the firm 2019s estimated risk-weighted assets . key differences in the calculation of rwa between basel i and basel iii advanced approach include : ( 1 ) basel iii credit risk rwa is based on risk-sensitive approaches which largely rely on the use of internal credit models and parameters , whereas basel i rwa is based on fixed supervisory risk- weightings which vary only by counterparty type and asset class ; and ( 2 ) basel iii includes rwa for operational risk , whereas basel i does not . operational risk capital takes into consideration operational losses in the quarter following the period in which those losses were realized , and the calculation generally incorporates such losses irrespective of whether the issues or business activity giving rise to the losses have been remediated or reduced . the firm 2019s operational risk capital model continues to be refined in conjunction with the firm 2019s basel iii advanced approach parallel run . as a result of model enhancements in 2013 , as well as taking into consideration the legal expenses incurred by the firm in 2013 , the firm 2019s operational risk capital increased substantially in 2013 over 2012 . tier 1 common under basel iii includes additional adjustments and deductions not included in basel i tier 1 common , such as the inclusion of accumulated other comprehensive income ( 201caoci 201d ) related to afs securities and defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit ( 201copeb 201d ) plans . december 31 , 2013 ( in millions , except ratios ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>tier 1 common under basel i rules</td><td>$ 148887</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>adjustments related to aoci for afs securities and defined benefit pension and opeb plans</td><td>1474</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>add back of basel i deductions ( a )</td><td>1780</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>deduction for deferred tax asset related to net operating loss and foreign tax credit carryforwards</td><td>-741 ( 741 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>all other adjustments</td><td>-198 ( 198 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>estimated tier 1 common under basel iii rules</td><td>$ 151202</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach ( b )</td><td>$ 1590873</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>estimated tier 1 common ratio under basel iii advanced approach ( c )</td><td>9.5% ( 9.5 % )</td></tr></table> estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach ( b ) $ 1590873 estimated tier 1 common ratio under basel iii advanced approach ( c ) 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) ( a ) certain exposures , which are deducted from capital under basel i , are risked-weighted under basel iii. . Conversations: Question: in december, 2013, how much did the estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach represent in relation to the estimated tier 1 common under basel iii rules? Answer:

10.52151

convfinqa1589

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: management 2019s discussion and analysis 164 jpmorgan chase & co./2013 annual report firm ) is required to hold more than the additional 2.5% ( 2.5 % ) of tier 1 common . in addition , basel iii establishes a 6.5% ( 6.5 % ) tier i common equity standard for the definition of 201cwell capitalized 201d under the prompt corrective action ( 201cpca 201d ) requirements of the fdic improvement act ( 201cfdicia 201d ) . the tier i common equity standard is effective from the first quarter of 2015 . the following chart presents the basel iii minimum risk-based capital ratios during the transitional periods and on a fully phased-in basis . the chart also includes management 2019s target for the firm 2019s tier 1 common ratio . it is the firm 2019s current expectation that its basel iii tier 1 common ratio will exceed the regulatory minimums , both during the transition period and upon full implementation in 2019 and thereafter . the firm estimates that its tier 1 common ratio under the basel iii advanced approach on a fully phased-in basis would be 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) as of december 31 , 2013 , achieving management 2019s previously stated objectives . the tier 1 common ratio as calculated under the basel iii standardized approach is estimated at 9.4% ( 9.4 % ) as of december 31 , 2013 . the tier 1 common ratio under both basel i and basel iii are non-gaap financial measures . however , such measures are used by bank regulators , investors and analysts to assess the firm 2019s capital position and to compare the firm 2019s capital to that of other financial services companies . the following table presents a comparison of the firm 2019s tier 1 common under basel i rules to its estimated tier 1 common under the advanced approach of the basel iii rules , along with the firm 2019s estimated risk-weighted assets . key differences in the calculation of rwa between basel i and basel iii advanced approach include : ( 1 ) basel iii credit risk rwa is based on risk-sensitive approaches which largely rely on the use of internal credit models and parameters , whereas basel i rwa is based on fixed supervisory risk- weightings which vary only by counterparty type and asset class ; and ( 2 ) basel iii includes rwa for operational risk , whereas basel i does not . operational risk capital takes into consideration operational losses in the quarter following the period in which those losses were realized , and the calculation generally incorporates such losses irrespective of whether the issues or business activity giving rise to the losses have been remediated or reduced . the firm 2019s operational risk capital model continues to be refined in conjunction with the firm 2019s basel iii advanced approach parallel run . as a result of model enhancements in 2013 , as well as taking into consideration the legal expenses incurred by the firm in 2013 , the firm 2019s operational risk capital increased substantially in 2013 over 2012 . tier 1 common under basel iii includes additional adjustments and deductions not included in basel i tier 1 common , such as the inclusion of accumulated other comprehensive income ( 201caoci 201d ) related to afs securities and defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit ( 201copeb 201d ) plans . december 31 , 2013 ( in millions , except ratios ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>tier 1 common under basel i rules</td><td>$ 148887</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>adjustments related to aoci for afs securities and defined benefit pension and opeb plans</td><td>1474</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>add back of basel i deductions ( a )</td><td>1780</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>deduction for deferred tax asset related to net operating loss and foreign tax credit carryforwards</td><td>-741 ( 741 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>all other adjustments</td><td>-198 ( 198 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>estimated tier 1 common under basel iii rules</td><td>$ 151202</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach ( b )</td><td>$ 1590873</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>estimated tier 1 common ratio under basel iii advanced approach ( c )</td><td>9.5% ( 9.5 % )</td></tr></table> estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach ( b ) $ 1590873 estimated tier 1 common ratio under basel iii advanced approach ( c ) 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) ( a ) certain exposures , which are deducted from capital under basel i , are risked-weighted under basel iii. . Conversations: q0: in december, 2013, how much did the estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach represent in relation to the estimated tier 1 common under basel iii rules? 10.52151 Question: and as of that same date, what was the total of adjustments related to aoci for afs securities and defined benefit pension and opeb plans? Answer:

1474.0

convfinqa1590

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: management 2019s discussion and analysis 164 jpmorgan chase & co./2013 annual report firm ) is required to hold more than the additional 2.5% ( 2.5 % ) of tier 1 common . in addition , basel iii establishes a 6.5% ( 6.5 % ) tier i common equity standard for the definition of 201cwell capitalized 201d under the prompt corrective action ( 201cpca 201d ) requirements of the fdic improvement act ( 201cfdicia 201d ) . the tier i common equity standard is effective from the first quarter of 2015 . the following chart presents the basel iii minimum risk-based capital ratios during the transitional periods and on a fully phased-in basis . the chart also includes management 2019s target for the firm 2019s tier 1 common ratio . it is the firm 2019s current expectation that its basel iii tier 1 common ratio will exceed the regulatory minimums , both during the transition period and upon full implementation in 2019 and thereafter . the firm estimates that its tier 1 common ratio under the basel iii advanced approach on a fully phased-in basis would be 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) as of december 31 , 2013 , achieving management 2019s previously stated objectives . the tier 1 common ratio as calculated under the basel iii standardized approach is estimated at 9.4% ( 9.4 % ) as of december 31 , 2013 . the tier 1 common ratio under both basel i and basel iii are non-gaap financial measures . however , such measures are used by bank regulators , investors and analysts to assess the firm 2019s capital position and to compare the firm 2019s capital to that of other financial services companies . the following table presents a comparison of the firm 2019s tier 1 common under basel i rules to its estimated tier 1 common under the advanced approach of the basel iii rules , along with the firm 2019s estimated risk-weighted assets . key differences in the calculation of rwa between basel i and basel iii advanced approach include : ( 1 ) basel iii credit risk rwa is based on risk-sensitive approaches which largely rely on the use of internal credit models and parameters , whereas basel i rwa is based on fixed supervisory risk- weightings which vary only by counterparty type and asset class ; and ( 2 ) basel iii includes rwa for operational risk , whereas basel i does not . operational risk capital takes into consideration operational losses in the quarter following the period in which those losses were realized , and the calculation generally incorporates such losses irrespective of whether the issues or business activity giving rise to the losses have been remediated or reduced . the firm 2019s operational risk capital model continues to be refined in conjunction with the firm 2019s basel iii advanced approach parallel run . as a result of model enhancements in 2013 , as well as taking into consideration the legal expenses incurred by the firm in 2013 , the firm 2019s operational risk capital increased substantially in 2013 over 2012 . tier 1 common under basel iii includes additional adjustments and deductions not included in basel i tier 1 common , such as the inclusion of accumulated other comprehensive income ( 201caoci 201d ) related to afs securities and defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit ( 201copeb 201d ) plans . december 31 , 2013 ( in millions , except ratios ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>tier 1 common under basel i rules</td><td>$ 148887</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>adjustments related to aoci for afs securities and defined benefit pension and opeb plans</td><td>1474</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>add back of basel i deductions ( a )</td><td>1780</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>deduction for deferred tax asset related to net operating loss and foreign tax credit carryforwards</td><td>-741 ( 741 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>all other adjustments</td><td>-198 ( 198 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>estimated tier 1 common under basel iii rules</td><td>$ 151202</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach ( b )</td><td>$ 1590873</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>estimated tier 1 common ratio under basel iii advanced approach ( c )</td><td>9.5% ( 9.5 % )</td></tr></table> estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach ( b ) $ 1590873 estimated tier 1 common ratio under basel iii advanced approach ( c ) 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) ( a ) certain exposures , which are deducted from capital under basel i , are risked-weighted under basel iii. . Conversations: q0: in december, 2013, how much did the estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach represent in relation to the estimated tier 1 common under basel iii rules? 10.52151 q1: and as of that same date, what was the total of adjustments related to aoci for afs securities and defined benefit pension and opeb plans? 1474.0 Question: what was that total for the add back of basel i deductions? Answer:

1780.0

convfinqa1591

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: management 2019s discussion and analysis 164 jpmorgan chase & co./2013 annual report firm ) is required to hold more than the additional 2.5% ( 2.5 % ) of tier 1 common . in addition , basel iii establishes a 6.5% ( 6.5 % ) tier i common equity standard for the definition of 201cwell capitalized 201d under the prompt corrective action ( 201cpca 201d ) requirements of the fdic improvement act ( 201cfdicia 201d ) . the tier i common equity standard is effective from the first quarter of 2015 . the following chart presents the basel iii minimum risk-based capital ratios during the transitional periods and on a fully phased-in basis . the chart also includes management 2019s target for the firm 2019s tier 1 common ratio . it is the firm 2019s current expectation that its basel iii tier 1 common ratio will exceed the regulatory minimums , both during the transition period and upon full implementation in 2019 and thereafter . the firm estimates that its tier 1 common ratio under the basel iii advanced approach on a fully phased-in basis would be 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) as of december 31 , 2013 , achieving management 2019s previously stated objectives . the tier 1 common ratio as calculated under the basel iii standardized approach is estimated at 9.4% ( 9.4 % ) as of december 31 , 2013 . the tier 1 common ratio under both basel i and basel iii are non-gaap financial measures . however , such measures are used by bank regulators , investors and analysts to assess the firm 2019s capital position and to compare the firm 2019s capital to that of other financial services companies . the following table presents a comparison of the firm 2019s tier 1 common under basel i rules to its estimated tier 1 common under the advanced approach of the basel iii rules , along with the firm 2019s estimated risk-weighted assets . key differences in the calculation of rwa between basel i and basel iii advanced approach include : ( 1 ) basel iii credit risk rwa is based on risk-sensitive approaches which largely rely on the use of internal credit models and parameters , whereas basel i rwa is based on fixed supervisory risk- weightings which vary only by counterparty type and asset class ; and ( 2 ) basel iii includes rwa for operational risk , whereas basel i does not . operational risk capital takes into consideration operational losses in the quarter following the period in which those losses were realized , and the calculation generally incorporates such losses irrespective of whether the issues or business activity giving rise to the losses have been remediated or reduced . the firm 2019s operational risk capital model continues to be refined in conjunction with the firm 2019s basel iii advanced approach parallel run . as a result of model enhancements in 2013 , as well as taking into consideration the legal expenses incurred by the firm in 2013 , the firm 2019s operational risk capital increased substantially in 2013 over 2012 . tier 1 common under basel iii includes additional adjustments and deductions not included in basel i tier 1 common , such as the inclusion of accumulated other comprehensive income ( 201caoci 201d ) related to afs securities and defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit ( 201copeb 201d ) plans . december 31 , 2013 ( in millions , except ratios ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>tier 1 common under basel i rules</td><td>$ 148887</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>adjustments related to aoci for afs securities and defined benefit pension and opeb plans</td><td>1474</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>add back of basel i deductions ( a )</td><td>1780</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>deduction for deferred tax asset related to net operating loss and foreign tax credit carryforwards</td><td>-741 ( 741 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>all other adjustments</td><td>-198 ( 198 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>estimated tier 1 common under basel iii rules</td><td>$ 151202</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach ( b )</td><td>$ 1590873</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>estimated tier 1 common ratio under basel iii advanced approach ( c )</td><td>9.5% ( 9.5 % )</td></tr></table> estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach ( b ) $ 1590873 estimated tier 1 common ratio under basel iii advanced approach ( c ) 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) ( a ) certain exposures , which are deducted from capital under basel i , are risked-weighted under basel iii. . Conversations: q0: in december, 2013, how much did the estimated risk-weighted assets under basel iii advanced approach represent in relation to the estimated tier 1 common under basel iii rules? 10.52151 q1: and as of that same date, what was the total of adjustments related to aoci for afs securities and defined benefit pension and opeb plans? 1474.0 q2: what was that total for the add back of basel i deductions? 1780.0 Question: what was, then, the combined total for both segments? Answer:

3254.0

convfinqa1592

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: we also record an inventory obsolescence reserve , which represents the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated realizable value , based on various product sales projections . this reserve is calcu- lated using an estimated obsolescence percentage applied to the inventory based on age , historical trends and requirements to support forecasted sales . in addition , and as necessary , we may establish specific reserves for future known or anticipated events . pension and other post-retirement benefit costs we offer the following benefits to some or all of our employees : a domestic trust-based noncontributory qual- ified defined benefit pension plan ( 201cu.s . qualified plan 201d ) and an unfunded , non-qualified domestic noncon- tributory pension plan to provide benefits in excess of statutory limitations ( collectively with the u.s . qualified plan , the 201cdomestic plans 201d ) ; a domestic contributory defined contribution plan ; international pension plans , which vary by country , consisting of both defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans ; deferred compensation arrangements ; and certain other post- retirement benefit plans . the amounts needed to fund future payouts under our defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans are subject to numerous assumptions and variables . cer- tain significant variables require us to make assumptions that are within our control such as an anticipated discount rate , expected rate of return on plan assets and future compensation levels . we evaluate these assumptions with our actuarial advisors and select assumptions that we believe reflect the economics underlying our pension and post-retirement obligations . while we believe these assumptions are within accepted industry ranges , an increase or decrease in the assumptions or economic events outside our control could have a direct impact on reported net earnings . the discount rate for each plan used for determining future net periodic benefit cost is based on a review of highly rated long-term bonds . for fiscal 2013 , we used a discount rate for our domestic plans of 3.90% ( 3.90 % ) and vary- ing rates on our international plans of between 1.00% ( 1.00 % ) and 7.00% ( 7.00 % ) . the discount rate for our domestic plans is based on a bond portfolio that includes only long-term bonds with an aa rating , or equivalent , from a major rating agency . as of june 30 , 2013 , we used an above-mean yield curve , rather than the broad-based yield curve we used before , because we believe it represents a better estimate of an effective settlement rate of the obligation , and the timing and amount of cash flows related to the bonds included in this portfolio are expected to match the estimated defined benefit payment streams of our domestic plans . the benefit obligation of our domestic plans would have been higher by approximately $ 34 mil- lion at june 30 , 2013 had we not used the above-mean yield curve . for our international plans , the discount rate in a particular country was principally determined based on a yield curve constructed from high quality corporate bonds in each country , with the resulting portfolio having a duration matching that particular plan . for fiscal 2013 , we used an expected return on plan assets of 7.50% ( 7.50 % ) for our u.s . qualified plan and varying rates of between 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) and 7.00% ( 7.00 % ) for our international plans . in determining the long-term rate of return for a plan , we consider the historical rates of return , the nature of the plan 2019s investments and an expectation for the plan 2019s investment strategies . see 201cnote 12 2014 pension , deferred compensation and post-retirement benefit plans 201d of notes to consolidated financial statements for details regarding the nature of our pension and post-retirement plan invest- ments . the difference between actual and expected return on plan assets is reported as a component of accu- mulated other comprehensive income . those gains/losses that are subject to amortization over future periods will be recognized as a component of the net periodic benefit cost in such future periods . for fiscal 2013 , our pension plans had actual return on assets of approximately $ 74 million as compared with expected return on assets of approximately $ 64 million . the resulting net deferred gain of approximately $ 10 million , when combined with gains and losses from previous years , will be amortized over periods ranging from approximately 7 to 22 years . the actual return on plan assets from our international pen- sion plans exceeded expectations , primarily reflecting a strong performance from fixed income and equity invest- ments . the lower than expected return on assets from our u.s . qualified plan was primarily due to weakness in our fixed income investments , partially offset by our strong equity returns . a 25 basis-point change in the discount rate or the expected rate of return on plan assets would have had the following effect on fiscal 2013 pension expense : 25 basis-point 25 basis-point increase decrease ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>25 basis-point increase</td><td>25 basis-point decrease</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>discount rate</td><td>$ -3.5 ( 3.5 )</td><td>$ 3.9</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected return on assets</td><td>$ -2.5 ( 2.5 )</td><td>$ 2.7</td></tr></table> our post-retirement plans are comprised of health care plans that could be impacted by health care cost trend rates , which may have a significant effect on the amounts the est{e lauder companies inc . 115 . Conversations: Question: what was the low rate for international plans? Answer:

0.0225

convfinqa1593

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: we also record an inventory obsolescence reserve , which represents the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated realizable value , based on various product sales projections . this reserve is calcu- lated using an estimated obsolescence percentage applied to the inventory based on age , historical trends and requirements to support forecasted sales . in addition , and as necessary , we may establish specific reserves for future known or anticipated events . pension and other post-retirement benefit costs we offer the following benefits to some or all of our employees : a domestic trust-based noncontributory qual- ified defined benefit pension plan ( 201cu.s . qualified plan 201d ) and an unfunded , non-qualified domestic noncon- tributory pension plan to provide benefits in excess of statutory limitations ( collectively with the u.s . qualified plan , the 201cdomestic plans 201d ) ; a domestic contributory defined contribution plan ; international pension plans , which vary by country , consisting of both defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans ; deferred compensation arrangements ; and certain other post- retirement benefit plans . the amounts needed to fund future payouts under our defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans are subject to numerous assumptions and variables . cer- tain significant variables require us to make assumptions that are within our control such as an anticipated discount rate , expected rate of return on plan assets and future compensation levels . we evaluate these assumptions with our actuarial advisors and select assumptions that we believe reflect the economics underlying our pension and post-retirement obligations . while we believe these assumptions are within accepted industry ranges , an increase or decrease in the assumptions or economic events outside our control could have a direct impact on reported net earnings . the discount rate for each plan used for determining future net periodic benefit cost is based on a review of highly rated long-term bonds . for fiscal 2013 , we used a discount rate for our domestic plans of 3.90% ( 3.90 % ) and vary- ing rates on our international plans of between 1.00% ( 1.00 % ) and 7.00% ( 7.00 % ) . the discount rate for our domestic plans is based on a bond portfolio that includes only long-term bonds with an aa rating , or equivalent , from a major rating agency . as of june 30 , 2013 , we used an above-mean yield curve , rather than the broad-based yield curve we used before , because we believe it represents a better estimate of an effective settlement rate of the obligation , and the timing and amount of cash flows related to the bonds included in this portfolio are expected to match the estimated defined benefit payment streams of our domestic plans . the benefit obligation of our domestic plans would have been higher by approximately $ 34 mil- lion at june 30 , 2013 had we not used the above-mean yield curve . for our international plans , the discount rate in a particular country was principally determined based on a yield curve constructed from high quality corporate bonds in each country , with the resulting portfolio having a duration matching that particular plan . for fiscal 2013 , we used an expected return on plan assets of 7.50% ( 7.50 % ) for our u.s . qualified plan and varying rates of between 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) and 7.00% ( 7.00 % ) for our international plans . in determining the long-term rate of return for a plan , we consider the historical rates of return , the nature of the plan 2019s investments and an expectation for the plan 2019s investment strategies . see 201cnote 12 2014 pension , deferred compensation and post-retirement benefit plans 201d of notes to consolidated financial statements for details regarding the nature of our pension and post-retirement plan invest- ments . the difference between actual and expected return on plan assets is reported as a component of accu- mulated other comprehensive income . those gains/losses that are subject to amortization over future periods will be recognized as a component of the net periodic benefit cost in such future periods . for fiscal 2013 , our pension plans had actual return on assets of approximately $ 74 million as compared with expected return on assets of approximately $ 64 million . the resulting net deferred gain of approximately $ 10 million , when combined with gains and losses from previous years , will be amortized over periods ranging from approximately 7 to 22 years . the actual return on plan assets from our international pen- sion plans exceeded expectations , primarily reflecting a strong performance from fixed income and equity invest- ments . the lower than expected return on assets from our u.s . qualified plan was primarily due to weakness in our fixed income investments , partially offset by our strong equity returns . a 25 basis-point change in the discount rate or the expected rate of return on plan assets would have had the following effect on fiscal 2013 pension expense : 25 basis-point 25 basis-point increase decrease ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>25 basis-point increase</td><td>25 basis-point decrease</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>discount rate</td><td>$ -3.5 ( 3.5 )</td><td>$ 3.9</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected return on assets</td><td>$ -2.5 ( 2.5 )</td><td>$ 2.7</td></tr></table> our post-retirement plans are comprised of health care plans that could be impacted by health care cost trend rates , which may have a significant effect on the amounts the est{e lauder companies inc . 115 . Conversations: q0: what was the low rate for international plans? 0.0225 Question: what was the high rate for international plans? Answer:

0.07

convfinqa1594

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: we also record an inventory obsolescence reserve , which represents the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated realizable value , based on various product sales projections . this reserve is calcu- lated using an estimated obsolescence percentage applied to the inventory based on age , historical trends and requirements to support forecasted sales . in addition , and as necessary , we may establish specific reserves for future known or anticipated events . pension and other post-retirement benefit costs we offer the following benefits to some or all of our employees : a domestic trust-based noncontributory qual- ified defined benefit pension plan ( 201cu.s . qualified plan 201d ) and an unfunded , non-qualified domestic noncon- tributory pension plan to provide benefits in excess of statutory limitations ( collectively with the u.s . qualified plan , the 201cdomestic plans 201d ) ; a domestic contributory defined contribution plan ; international pension plans , which vary by country , consisting of both defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans ; deferred compensation arrangements ; and certain other post- retirement benefit plans . the amounts needed to fund future payouts under our defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans are subject to numerous assumptions and variables . cer- tain significant variables require us to make assumptions that are within our control such as an anticipated discount rate , expected rate of return on plan assets and future compensation levels . we evaluate these assumptions with our actuarial advisors and select assumptions that we believe reflect the economics underlying our pension and post-retirement obligations . while we believe these assumptions are within accepted industry ranges , an increase or decrease in the assumptions or economic events outside our control could have a direct impact on reported net earnings . the discount rate for each plan used for determining future net periodic benefit cost is based on a review of highly rated long-term bonds . for fiscal 2013 , we used a discount rate for our domestic plans of 3.90% ( 3.90 % ) and vary- ing rates on our international plans of between 1.00% ( 1.00 % ) and 7.00% ( 7.00 % ) . the discount rate for our domestic plans is based on a bond portfolio that includes only long-term bonds with an aa rating , or equivalent , from a major rating agency . as of june 30 , 2013 , we used an above-mean yield curve , rather than the broad-based yield curve we used before , because we believe it represents a better estimate of an effective settlement rate of the obligation , and the timing and amount of cash flows related to the bonds included in this portfolio are expected to match the estimated defined benefit payment streams of our domestic plans . the benefit obligation of our domestic plans would have been higher by approximately $ 34 mil- lion at june 30 , 2013 had we not used the above-mean yield curve . for our international plans , the discount rate in a particular country was principally determined based on a yield curve constructed from high quality corporate bonds in each country , with the resulting portfolio having a duration matching that particular plan . for fiscal 2013 , we used an expected return on plan assets of 7.50% ( 7.50 % ) for our u.s . qualified plan and varying rates of between 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) and 7.00% ( 7.00 % ) for our international plans . in determining the long-term rate of return for a plan , we consider the historical rates of return , the nature of the plan 2019s investments and an expectation for the plan 2019s investment strategies . see 201cnote 12 2014 pension , deferred compensation and post-retirement benefit plans 201d of notes to consolidated financial statements for details regarding the nature of our pension and post-retirement plan invest- ments . the difference between actual and expected return on plan assets is reported as a component of accu- mulated other comprehensive income . those gains/losses that are subject to amortization over future periods will be recognized as a component of the net periodic benefit cost in such future periods . for fiscal 2013 , our pension plans had actual return on assets of approximately $ 74 million as compared with expected return on assets of approximately $ 64 million . the resulting net deferred gain of approximately $ 10 million , when combined with gains and losses from previous years , will be amortized over periods ranging from approximately 7 to 22 years . the actual return on plan assets from our international pen- sion plans exceeded expectations , primarily reflecting a strong performance from fixed income and equity invest- ments . the lower than expected return on assets from our u.s . qualified plan was primarily due to weakness in our fixed income investments , partially offset by our strong equity returns . a 25 basis-point change in the discount rate or the expected rate of return on plan assets would have had the following effect on fiscal 2013 pension expense : 25 basis-point 25 basis-point increase decrease ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>25 basis-point increase</td><td>25 basis-point decrease</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>discount rate</td><td>$ -3.5 ( 3.5 )</td><td>$ 3.9</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected return on assets</td><td>$ -2.5 ( 2.5 )</td><td>$ 2.7</td></tr></table> our post-retirement plans are comprised of health care plans that could be impacted by health care cost trend rates , which may have a significant effect on the amounts the est{e lauder companies inc . 115 . Conversations: q0: what was the low rate for international plans? 0.0225 q1: what was the high rate for international plans? 0.07 Question: what is the sum? Answer:

0.0925

convfinqa1595

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: we also record an inventory obsolescence reserve , which represents the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated realizable value , based on various product sales projections . this reserve is calcu- lated using an estimated obsolescence percentage applied to the inventory based on age , historical trends and requirements to support forecasted sales . in addition , and as necessary , we may establish specific reserves for future known or anticipated events . pension and other post-retirement benefit costs we offer the following benefits to some or all of our employees : a domestic trust-based noncontributory qual- ified defined benefit pension plan ( 201cu.s . qualified plan 201d ) and an unfunded , non-qualified domestic noncon- tributory pension plan to provide benefits in excess of statutory limitations ( collectively with the u.s . qualified plan , the 201cdomestic plans 201d ) ; a domestic contributory defined contribution plan ; international pension plans , which vary by country , consisting of both defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans ; deferred compensation arrangements ; and certain other post- retirement benefit plans . the amounts needed to fund future payouts under our defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans are subject to numerous assumptions and variables . cer- tain significant variables require us to make assumptions that are within our control such as an anticipated discount rate , expected rate of return on plan assets and future compensation levels . we evaluate these assumptions with our actuarial advisors and select assumptions that we believe reflect the economics underlying our pension and post-retirement obligations . while we believe these assumptions are within accepted industry ranges , an increase or decrease in the assumptions or economic events outside our control could have a direct impact on reported net earnings . the discount rate for each plan used for determining future net periodic benefit cost is based on a review of highly rated long-term bonds . for fiscal 2013 , we used a discount rate for our domestic plans of 3.90% ( 3.90 % ) and vary- ing rates on our international plans of between 1.00% ( 1.00 % ) and 7.00% ( 7.00 % ) . the discount rate for our domestic plans is based on a bond portfolio that includes only long-term bonds with an aa rating , or equivalent , from a major rating agency . as of june 30 , 2013 , we used an above-mean yield curve , rather than the broad-based yield curve we used before , because we believe it represents a better estimate of an effective settlement rate of the obligation , and the timing and amount of cash flows related to the bonds included in this portfolio are expected to match the estimated defined benefit payment streams of our domestic plans . the benefit obligation of our domestic plans would have been higher by approximately $ 34 mil- lion at june 30 , 2013 had we not used the above-mean yield curve . for our international plans , the discount rate in a particular country was principally determined based on a yield curve constructed from high quality corporate bonds in each country , with the resulting portfolio having a duration matching that particular plan . for fiscal 2013 , we used an expected return on plan assets of 7.50% ( 7.50 % ) for our u.s . qualified plan and varying rates of between 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) and 7.00% ( 7.00 % ) for our international plans . in determining the long-term rate of return for a plan , we consider the historical rates of return , the nature of the plan 2019s investments and an expectation for the plan 2019s investment strategies . see 201cnote 12 2014 pension , deferred compensation and post-retirement benefit plans 201d of notes to consolidated financial statements for details regarding the nature of our pension and post-retirement plan invest- ments . the difference between actual and expected return on plan assets is reported as a component of accu- mulated other comprehensive income . those gains/losses that are subject to amortization over future periods will be recognized as a component of the net periodic benefit cost in such future periods . for fiscal 2013 , our pension plans had actual return on assets of approximately $ 74 million as compared with expected return on assets of approximately $ 64 million . the resulting net deferred gain of approximately $ 10 million , when combined with gains and losses from previous years , will be amortized over periods ranging from approximately 7 to 22 years . the actual return on plan assets from our international pen- sion plans exceeded expectations , primarily reflecting a strong performance from fixed income and equity invest- ments . the lower than expected return on assets from our u.s . qualified plan was primarily due to weakness in our fixed income investments , partially offset by our strong equity returns . a 25 basis-point change in the discount rate or the expected rate of return on plan assets would have had the following effect on fiscal 2013 pension expense : 25 basis-point 25 basis-point increase decrease ( in millions ) . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>25 basis-point increase</td><td>25 basis-point decrease</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>discount rate</td><td>$ -3.5 ( 3.5 )</td><td>$ 3.9</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>expected return on assets</td><td>$ -2.5 ( 2.5 )</td><td>$ 2.7</td></tr></table> our post-retirement plans are comprised of health care plans that could be impacted by health care cost trend rates , which may have a significant effect on the amounts the est{e lauder companies inc . 115 . Conversations: q0: what was the low rate for international plans? 0.0225 q1: what was the high rate for international plans? 0.07 q2: what is the sum? 0.0925 Question: what is the average rate? Answer:

0.04625

convfinqa1596

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis , management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending , investing ( including asset-liability management ) and deposit-raising activities . this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income . cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets . management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending , investing and deposit-raising activities . the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib . year ended december 31 , ( in millions , except rates ) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b ) $ 51410 $ 47292 $ 44620 less : cib markets net interest income ( c ) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets ( a ) $ 46780 $ 40958 $ 39322 average interest-earning assets $ 2180592 $ 2101604 $ 2088242 less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $ 1639757 $ 1581297 $ 1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% ( 2.36 % ) 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) 2.14% ( 2.14 % ) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% ( 2.85 % ) 2.59% ( 2.59 % ) 2.49% ( 2.49 % ) ( a ) interest includes the effect of related hedges . taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable . ( b ) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis , see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s . gaap results to managed basis on page 52 . ( c ) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses . for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses , see page 65 . calculation of certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows : book value per share ( 201cbvps 201d ) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets ( 201croa 201d ) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity ( 201croe 201d ) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity ( 201crotce 201d ) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share ( 201ctbvps 201d ) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>year ended december 31 ( in millions except rates )</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b )</td><td>$ 51410</td><td>$ 47292</td><td>$ 44620</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : cib markets net interest income ( c )</td><td>4630</td><td>6334</td><td>5298</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>net interest income excluding cib markets ( a )</td><td>$ 46780</td><td>$ 40958</td><td>$ 39322</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>average interest-earning assets</td><td>$ 2180592</td><td>$ 2101604</td><td>$ 2088242</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c )</td><td>540835</td><td>520307</td><td>510292</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets</td><td>$ 1639757</td><td>$ 1581297</td><td>$ 1577950</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis</td><td>2.36% ( 2.36 % )</td><td>2.25% ( 2.25 % )</td><td>2.14% ( 2.14 % )</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c )</td><td>0.86</td><td>1.22</td><td>1.04</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets</td><td>2.85% ( 2.85 % )</td><td>2.59% ( 2.59 % )</td><td>2.49% ( 2.49 % )</td></tr></table> jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis , management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending , investing ( including asset-liability management ) and deposit-raising activities . this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income . cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets . management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending , investing and deposit-raising activities . the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib . year ended december 31 , ( in millions , except rates ) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b ) $ 51410 $ 47292 $ 44620 less : cib markets net interest income ( c ) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets ( a ) $ 46780 $ 40958 $ 39322 average interest-earning assets $ 2180592 $ 2101604 $ 2088242 less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $ 1639757 $ 1581297 $ 1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% ( 2.36 % ) 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) 2.14% ( 2.14 % ) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% ( 2.85 % ) 2.59% ( 2.59 % ) 2.49% ( 2.49 % ) ( a ) interest includes the effect of related hedges . taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable . ( b ) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis , see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s . gaap results to managed basis on page 52 . ( c ) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses . for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses , see page 65 . calculation of certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows : book value per share ( 201cbvps 201d ) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets ( 201croa 201d ) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity ( 201croe 201d ) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity ( 201crotce 201d ) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share ( 201ctbvps 201d ) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity . Conversations: Question: what fraction of the total net interest income 2013 managed basis is related to the cib markets net interest income in 2016? Answer:

0.13393

convfinqa1597

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis , management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending , investing ( including asset-liability management ) and deposit-raising activities . this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income . cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets . management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending , investing and deposit-raising activities . the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib . year ended december 31 , ( in millions , except rates ) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b ) $ 51410 $ 47292 $ 44620 less : cib markets net interest income ( c ) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets ( a ) $ 46780 $ 40958 $ 39322 average interest-earning assets $ 2180592 $ 2101604 $ 2088242 less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $ 1639757 $ 1581297 $ 1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% ( 2.36 % ) 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) 2.14% ( 2.14 % ) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% ( 2.85 % ) 2.59% ( 2.59 % ) 2.49% ( 2.49 % ) ( a ) interest includes the effect of related hedges . taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable . ( b ) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis , see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s . gaap results to managed basis on page 52 . ( c ) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses . for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses , see page 65 . calculation of certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows : book value per share ( 201cbvps 201d ) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets ( 201croa 201d ) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity ( 201croe 201d ) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity ( 201crotce 201d ) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share ( 201ctbvps 201d ) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>year ended december 31 ( in millions except rates )</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b )</td><td>$ 51410</td><td>$ 47292</td><td>$ 44620</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : cib markets net interest income ( c )</td><td>4630</td><td>6334</td><td>5298</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>net interest income excluding cib markets ( a )</td><td>$ 46780</td><td>$ 40958</td><td>$ 39322</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>average interest-earning assets</td><td>$ 2180592</td><td>$ 2101604</td><td>$ 2088242</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c )</td><td>540835</td><td>520307</td><td>510292</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets</td><td>$ 1639757</td><td>$ 1581297</td><td>$ 1577950</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis</td><td>2.36% ( 2.36 % )</td><td>2.25% ( 2.25 % )</td><td>2.14% ( 2.14 % )</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c )</td><td>0.86</td><td>1.22</td><td>1.04</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets</td><td>2.85% ( 2.85 % )</td><td>2.59% ( 2.59 % )</td><td>2.49% ( 2.49 % )</td></tr></table> jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis , management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending , investing ( including asset-liability management ) and deposit-raising activities . this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income . cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets . management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending , investing and deposit-raising activities . the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib . year ended december 31 , ( in millions , except rates ) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b ) $ 51410 $ 47292 $ 44620 less : cib markets net interest income ( c ) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets ( a ) $ 46780 $ 40958 $ 39322 average interest-earning assets $ 2180592 $ 2101604 $ 2088242 less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $ 1639757 $ 1581297 $ 1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% ( 2.36 % ) 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) 2.14% ( 2.14 % ) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% ( 2.85 % ) 2.59% ( 2.59 % ) 2.49% ( 2.49 % ) ( a ) interest includes the effect of related hedges . taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable . ( b ) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis , see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s . gaap results to managed basis on page 52 . ( c ) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses . for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses , see page 65 . calculation of certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows : book value per share ( 201cbvps 201d ) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets ( 201croa 201d ) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity ( 201croe 201d ) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity ( 201crotce 201d ) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share ( 201ctbvps 201d ) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity . Conversations: q0: what fraction of the total net interest income 2013 managed basis is related to the cib markets net interest income in 2016? 0.13393 Question: what is the average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets in 2017? Answer:

1639757.0

convfinqa1598

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis , management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending , investing ( including asset-liability management ) and deposit-raising activities . this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income . cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets . management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending , investing and deposit-raising activities . the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib . year ended december 31 , ( in millions , except rates ) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b ) $ 51410 $ 47292 $ 44620 less : cib markets net interest income ( c ) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets ( a ) $ 46780 $ 40958 $ 39322 average interest-earning assets $ 2180592 $ 2101604 $ 2088242 less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $ 1639757 $ 1581297 $ 1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% ( 2.36 % ) 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) 2.14% ( 2.14 % ) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% ( 2.85 % ) 2.59% ( 2.59 % ) 2.49% ( 2.49 % ) ( a ) interest includes the effect of related hedges . taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable . ( b ) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis , see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s . gaap results to managed basis on page 52 . ( c ) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses . for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses , see page 65 . calculation of certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows : book value per share ( 201cbvps 201d ) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets ( 201croa 201d ) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity ( 201croe 201d ) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity ( 201crotce 201d ) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share ( 201ctbvps 201d ) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>year ended december 31 ( in millions except rates )</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b )</td><td>$ 51410</td><td>$ 47292</td><td>$ 44620</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : cib markets net interest income ( c )</td><td>4630</td><td>6334</td><td>5298</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>net interest income excluding cib markets ( a )</td><td>$ 46780</td><td>$ 40958</td><td>$ 39322</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>average interest-earning assets</td><td>$ 2180592</td><td>$ 2101604</td><td>$ 2088242</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c )</td><td>540835</td><td>520307</td><td>510292</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets</td><td>$ 1639757</td><td>$ 1581297</td><td>$ 1577950</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis</td><td>2.36% ( 2.36 % )</td><td>2.25% ( 2.25 % )</td><td>2.14% ( 2.14 % )</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c )</td><td>0.86</td><td>1.22</td><td>1.04</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets</td><td>2.85% ( 2.85 % )</td><td>2.59% ( 2.59 % )</td><td>2.49% ( 2.49 % )</td></tr></table> jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis , management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending , investing ( including asset-liability management ) and deposit-raising activities . this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income . cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets . management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending , investing and deposit-raising activities . the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib . year ended december 31 , ( in millions , except rates ) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b ) $ 51410 $ 47292 $ 44620 less : cib markets net interest income ( c ) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets ( a ) $ 46780 $ 40958 $ 39322 average interest-earning assets $ 2180592 $ 2101604 $ 2088242 less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $ 1639757 $ 1581297 $ 1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% ( 2.36 % ) 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) 2.14% ( 2.14 % ) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% ( 2.85 % ) 2.59% ( 2.59 % ) 2.49% ( 2.49 % ) ( a ) interest includes the effect of related hedges . taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable . ( b ) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis , see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s . gaap results to managed basis on page 52 . ( c ) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses . for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses , see page 65 . calculation of certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows : book value per share ( 201cbvps 201d ) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets ( 201croa 201d ) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity ( 201croe 201d ) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity ( 201crotce 201d ) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share ( 201ctbvps 201d ) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity . Conversations: q0: what fraction of the total net interest income 2013 managed basis is related to the cib markets net interest income in 2016? 0.13393 q1: what is the average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets in 2017? 1639757.0 Question: what about in 2016? Answer:

1581297.0

convfinqa1599

In the context of this series of interconnected finance-related queries and the additional information provided by the pretext, table data, and posttext from a company's financial filings, please provide a response to the final question. This may require extracting information from the context and performing mathematical calculations. Please take into account the information provided in the preceding questions and their answers when formulating your response: Context: jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis , management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending , investing ( including asset-liability management ) and deposit-raising activities . this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income . cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets . management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending , investing and deposit-raising activities . the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib . year ended december 31 , ( in millions , except rates ) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b ) $ 51410 $ 47292 $ 44620 less : cib markets net interest income ( c ) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets ( a ) $ 46780 $ 40958 $ 39322 average interest-earning assets $ 2180592 $ 2101604 $ 2088242 less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $ 1639757 $ 1581297 $ 1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% ( 2.36 % ) 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) 2.14% ( 2.14 % ) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% ( 2.85 % ) 2.59% ( 2.59 % ) 2.49% ( 2.49 % ) ( a ) interest includes the effect of related hedges . taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable . ( b ) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis , see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s . gaap results to managed basis on page 52 . ( c ) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses . for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses , see page 65 . calculation of certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows : book value per share ( 201cbvps 201d ) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets ( 201croa 201d ) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity ( 201croe 201d ) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity ( 201crotce 201d ) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share ( 201ctbvps 201d ) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>year ended december 31 ( in millions except rates )</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b )</td><td>$ 51410</td><td>$ 47292</td><td>$ 44620</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>less : cib markets net interest income ( c )</td><td>4630</td><td>6334</td><td>5298</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>net interest income excluding cib markets ( a )</td><td>$ 46780</td><td>$ 40958</td><td>$ 39322</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>average interest-earning assets</td><td>$ 2180592</td><td>$ 2101604</td><td>$ 2088242</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c )</td><td>540835</td><td>520307</td><td>510292</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets</td><td>$ 1639757</td><td>$ 1581297</td><td>$ 1577950</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis</td><td>2.36% ( 2.36 % )</td><td>2.25% ( 2.25 % )</td><td>2.14% ( 2.14 % )</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c )</td><td>0.86</td><td>1.22</td><td>1.04</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets</td><td>2.85% ( 2.85 % )</td><td>2.59% ( 2.59 % )</td><td>2.49% ( 2.49 % )</td></tr></table> jpmorgan chase & co./2017 annual report 53 net interest income excluding cib 2019s markets businesses in addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis , management also reviews net interest income excluding net interest income arising from cib 2019s markets businesses to assess the performance of the firm 2019s lending , investing ( including asset-liability management ) and deposit-raising activities . this net interest income is referred to as non-markets related net interest income . cib 2019s markets businesses are fixed income markets and equity markets . management believes that disclosure of non-markets related net interest income provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending , investing and deposit-raising activities . the data presented below are non-gaap financial measures due to the exclusion of markets related net interest income arising from cib . year ended december 31 , ( in millions , except rates ) 2017 2016 2015 net interest income 2013 managed basis ( a ) ( b ) $ 51410 $ 47292 $ 44620 less : cib markets net interest income ( c ) 4630 6334 5298 net interest income excluding cib markets ( a ) $ 46780 $ 40958 $ 39322 average interest-earning assets $ 2180592 $ 2101604 $ 2088242 less : average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 540835 520307 510292 average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets $ 1639757 $ 1581297 $ 1577950 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets 2013 managed basis 2.36% ( 2.36 % ) 2.25% ( 2.25 % ) 2.14% ( 2.14 % ) net interest yield on average cib markets interest-earning assets ( c ) 0.86 1.22 1.04 net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets 2.85% ( 2.85 % ) 2.59% ( 2.59 % ) 2.49% ( 2.49 % ) ( a ) interest includes the effect of related hedges . taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable . ( b ) for a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis , see reconciliation from the firm 2019s reported u.s . gaap results to managed basis on page 52 . ( c ) the amounts in this table differ from the prior-period presentation to align with cib 2019s markets businesses . for further information on cib 2019s markets businesses , see page 65 . calculation of certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures certain u.s . gaap and non-gaap financial measures are calculated as follows : book value per share ( 201cbvps 201d ) common stockholders 2019 equity at period-end / common shares at period-end overhead ratio total noninterest expense / total net revenue return on assets ( 201croa 201d ) reported net income / total average assets return on common equity ( 201croe 201d ) net income* / average common stockholders 2019 equity return on tangible common equity ( 201crotce 201d ) net income* / average tangible common equity tangible book value per share ( 201ctbvps 201d ) tangible common equity at period-end / common shares at period-end * represents net income applicable to common equity . Conversations: q0: what fraction of the total net interest income 2013 managed basis is related to the cib markets net interest income in 2016? 0.13393 q1: what is the average interest-earning assets excluding cib markets in 2017? 1639757.0 q2: what about in 2016? 1581297.0 Question: what is the net change? Answer:

58460.0