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1 |
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00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,900 |
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ุจุณู
ุงููู ุงูุฑุญู
ู ุงูุฑุญูู
ูุณุชูู
ู ู
ุน ู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ clinical |
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2 |
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00:00:03,900 --> 00:00:08,500 |
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chemistry ู ูุชุญุฏุซ ุงูููู
ุงู ุดุงุก ุงููู ุนู ู
ูุถูุน non |
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3 |
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00:00:08,500 --> 00:00:12,990 |
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-protein nitrogen compoundsุจุงููุณุจุฉ ููู non-protein |
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4 |
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00:00:12,990 --> 00:00:17,730 |
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nitrogen compounds ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ููู ูุฐู |
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5 |
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00:00:17,730 --> 00:00:22,610 |
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ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ูุง ูู proteins ููุง polypeptides the |
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6 |
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00:00:22,610 --> 00:00:24,870 |
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nitrogen containing compounds that are not |
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7 |
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00:00:24,870 --> 00:00:30,050 |
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proteins or polypeptides ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ุจูุณู
ููุง non |
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8 |
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00:00:30,050 --> 00:00:35,960 |
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-protein nitrogen compoundsูุงููุง ุทุจุนุง ุฃูู
ูุฉ ูุฐู |
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9 |
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00:00:35,960 --> 00:00:41,040 |
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ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ูู
ู ุฎูุงู ุชุญุฏูุฏ ูุนูู ุฒู ู
ุง ููุดูู |
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10 |
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00:00:41,040 --> 00:00:45,060 |
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ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูุฐู ุทุจุนุง ูุนูู ุจุนุถ ู
ู ูุฐู |
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11 |
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00:00:45,060 --> 00:00:50,500 |
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ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ูุงูุช ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู
ุง ุฒุงูุช to monitor renal |
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12 |
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00:00:50,500 --> 00:00:58,820 |
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function ูุจูู ููู ุงููุดู ุนู ูุนูู ูููู ุงุชุนู
ู ุงูููุงุฃู |
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13 |
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00:00:58,820 --> 00:01:02,840 |
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ูุธููุฉ ุงูููุฉ ูู
ุฑุงูุจุฉ ูุธููุฉ ุงูููุฉ useful clinical |
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14 |
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00:01:02,840 --> 00:01:06,540 |
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information is obtained from individual components |
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15 |
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00:01:06,540 --> 00:01:10,040 |
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of non-protein nitrogen fraction ุฒู ู
ุง ููุดูู ูุนูู |
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16 |
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00:01:10,040 --> 00:01:14,380 |
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ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ูููุง non-protein nitrogen ู |
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17 |
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00:01:14,380 --> 00:01:18,840 |
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ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูุนูู ููููู ููุง ุฏูุงูุฉ ุณุฑูุฑูุฉ |
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18 |
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00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:24,180 |
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ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูุชุณุงุนุฏ ุงูุทุจูุจ ูู ุงู diagnosis ูู
ุฑุงูุจุฉ |
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19 |
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00:01:24,180 --> 00:01:29,970 |
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ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุฃู
ุฑุงุถุทุจุนุง ููุฌุฏ ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงู non |
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20 |
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00:01:29,970 --> 00:01:35,050 |
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-protein nitrogen compounds ุชูุฑูุจุง 15 ู
ุฑูุจ ููู |
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21 |
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00:01:35,050 --> 00:01:40,250 |
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ุงุญูุง ููุญูู ุนูู ุจุนุถ ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงููู ูุนูู ุชุนุชุจุฑ |
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22 |
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00:01:40,250 --> 00:01:46,230 |
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ุงูุฃูู
ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ููุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ูู ูุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู ุงู |
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23 |
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00:01:46,230 --> 00:01:51,800 |
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catabolism of proteinsand nucleic acids ุจุนู
ููุฉ ุงู |
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24 |
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00:01:51,800 --> 00:01:54,800 |
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catabolism ุฃู ุงู breakdown ูู proteins ุฃู ูู |
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25 |
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00:01:54,800 --> 00:02:01,040 |
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nucleic acids ุจููุชุฌ ุนููุง ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุงููู ูู |
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26 |
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00:02:01,040 --> 00:02:05,360 |
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non protein nitrogen compounds ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช |
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27 |
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00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:09,700 |
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ุงููู ูู ุชุนุชุจุฑ ูุนูู ููุง ุฃูู
ูุฉcereal ู clinically |
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28 |
|
00:02:09,700 --> 00:02:16,980 |
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significant ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ู ูุฐู ุงููุณุจ ุงููู ุจุชู
ุซู |
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29 |
|
00:02:16,980 --> 00:02:23,350 |
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ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูุนู
ูุฏ ุงูุฃูู ุงููุณุจุฉ ููู ุงู plasmaุงููู |
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30 |
|
00:02:23,350 --> 00:02:26,730 |
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ูู ุจูุญูู ุนูู percentage of total non-protein |
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31 |
|
00:02:26,730 --> 00:02:32,210 |
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nitrogen compounds ู ุงูุนู
ูุฏ ุงูุขุฎุฑ ูู
ุซู ุงููุณุจุฉ ูู |
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32 |
|
00:02:32,210 --> 00:02:40,710 |
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ุงู urine ุงูููุฑูุง ุทุจุนุง ูู ุจุชู
ุซู ุงู ุชุฑููุฒูุง ูู ุงุนูู |
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33 |
|
00:02:40,710 --> 00:02:44,170 |
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ุชุฑููุฒ ู
ู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ู ุงู non-protein nitrogen |
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34 |
|
00:02:44,170 --> 00:02:47,970 |
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compounds ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูู ุงู plasma ูุชู
ุซู ุงู |
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35 |
|
00:02:47,970 --> 00:02:55,220 |
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concentration ู ุงูููุฑูุง 45 ุฅูู 50%ู ูุฐูู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุจูู |
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36 |
|
00:02:55,220 --> 00:03:01,340 |
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ุงู urine ููู ุงููุณุจุฉ ู
ุฑุชูุนุฉ ุจุชู
ุซู 86% ู
ู ุงู 9 |
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37 |
|
00:03:01,340 --> 00:03:04,260 |
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protein nitrogen compounds ุงููู ุจูุตููุง execution |
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38 |
|
00:03:04,260 --> 00:03:11,230 |
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ูู ุงู urine ุงู amino acids 25% ูู ุงู plasmaู ุทุจุนุง |
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39 |
|
00:03:11,230 --> 00:03:14,790 |
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ูู ุงู urine ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงูุฅูุณุงู ุทุจูุนู ู
ุงูููุด |
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40 |
|
00:03:14,790 --> 00:03:17,630 |
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ูู ุนูุฏู amino acids ูู ุงู urine ูุฅูู ุงู amino |
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41 |
|
00:03:17,630 --> 00:03:21,190 |
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acids ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ .. ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง filtration ุจุฑุฌุน |
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42 |
|
00:03:21,190 --> 00:03:25,790 |
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ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง reabsorption ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ู ุจุชุฏุฎู ููุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ |
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43 |
|
00:03:25,790 --> 00:03:31,140 |
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ุฃุฎุฑูุงูู Uric Acid ุงููุณุจุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
10% ุงููุณุจุฉ ูู |
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44 |
|
00:03:31,140 --> 00:03:38,800 |
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ุงูููุฑูู 1.7% ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู 5% ูู ุงูุฏู
ู 4.5% ูู |
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45 |
|
00:03:38,800 --> 00:03:46,950 |
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ุงูููุฑูู ุงููุฑูุงุชูู 1 ุฅูู 2% ูู ุงูุจูุงุฒู
ุงู ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ู
ุด |
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46 |
|
00:03:46,950 --> 00:03:50,270 |
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ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงู urine ู ุงู ammonia point 2 ูู ุงู |
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47 |
|
00:03:50,270 --> 00:03:55,270 |
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plasma ุทุจุนุง ุงู concentration ููููุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูุฃู ุงู |
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|
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48 |
|
00:03:55,270 --> 00:03:59,170 |
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ammonia toxic ู ุฒู ู
ุง ููุดูู ุนุดุงู ููู ุจุชูุชุญูููุง ุฅูู |
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49 |
|
00:03:59,170 --> 00:04:04,730 |
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ู
ุฑูุจ ุฃูู ุณู
ูุฉ ู ูู ุงู urea ู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู ุจุงู urine |
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50 |
|
00:04:04,730 --> 00:04:10,630 |
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ุจุชููู ุงููุณุจุฉ 2.8% ูุฃูู ุจูุตููุง execution ูู ุงู |
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51 |
|
00:04:10,630 --> 00:04:19,860 |
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urine ุฃูุถุงูุจุฏุฃ ูู ุงูู
ุฑูุจ ุงูุฃูู ููู ุงูููุฑูุง ู ุฃูุถุง |
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52 |
|
00:04:19,860 --> 00:04:28,220 |
|
ูุณู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง nitrogen ุฃู blood urea nitrogen ูุจูู |
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53 |
|
00:04:28,220 --> 00:04:34,590 |
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ุจุนุถ ุงูุจูุงุฏ ู
ุง ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ุงููู ูู ู
ุณู
ู ุงูููุฑูุงุฒู ุนูุฏูุง |
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54 |
|
00:04:34,590 --> 00:04:39,590 |
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ูู ููุณุทูู ู ุจุนุถ ุงูุจูุงุฏ ุงูุฃุฎุฑู ู
ุง ุฒุงูุช ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
|
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55 |
|
00:04:39,590 --> 00:04:44,050 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง nitrogen ุฃู ุฒู ู
ุง ููููุง ุจูุณู
ู ุฃูุถุง blood |
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|
56 |
|
00:04:44,050 --> 00:04:47,950 |
|
urea nitrogen ู ุงููุฑู ุจูู ุงูู
ุณู
ููู ูู
ุง ูุญูู |
|
|
|
57 |
|
00:04:47,950 --> 00:04:55,230 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ู
ุนูุงุชู ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงู molecular weight ู .. ู |
|
|
|
58 |
|
00:04:55,230 --> 00:04:59,570 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ูููุงุชู
ุงู
ุ ุจูุจูู ุจูุญูู ุนูู ุงู concentration |
|
|
|
59 |
|
00:04:59,570 --> 00:05:04,110 |
|
ููู ุงูููุฑูุง ููู ูู
ุง ุจูุญูู blood urea nitrogen |
|
|
|
60 |
|
00:05:04,110 --> 00:05:11,130 |
|
ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงู nitrogen ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุชู
ุงู
ุ |
|
|
|
61 |
|
00:05:11,130 --> 00:05:14,230 |
|
ุจูุจูู ุฅู
ุง ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงูููุฑูุง ููู ุฃู ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงู |
|
|
|
62 |
|
00:05:14,230 --> 00:05:17,650 |
|
nitrogen ุงููู ูู ุฃูุถุง ู
ุนุจุฑ ุนูู ุจุฑุถู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
63 |
|
00:05:17,650 --> 00:05:21,760 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ููููุนูู ูุจูู ุจุนุถ ุงูุจูุงุฏ ู
ุง ุฒุงูุช ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู |
|
|
|
64 |
|
00:05:21,760 --> 00:05:25,080 |
|
ุงู blood urea ููุชูุฌูู ุทุจุนุง ุฒู ู
ุง ุดูููุง ูู ุฃุนูู |
|
|
|
65 |
|
00:05:25,080 --> 00:05:28,600 |
|
concentration ูู ุงูุฏู
ู
ููููุง ุชูุฑูุจุง ุจู
ุซู ูุนูู 45 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
00:05:28,600 --> 00:05:34,620 |
|
ุฅูู 50% ู
ู ุงู non-protein nitrogen compounds ู ุงู |
|
|
|
67 |
|
00:05:34,620 --> 00:05:38,780 |
|
urea ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงู major execratory product of protein |
|
|
|
68 |
|
00:05:38,780 --> 00:05:43,220 |
|
metabolism ูุจูู ุนู
ูุช ุงู breakdown ู ุงู proteins |
|
|
|
69 |
|
00:05:43,220 --> 00:05:50,250 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ุจููุชุฌ ุนููุง aminoุจุตูุฑุช ุฃู ุฏู emanation ู ุงู |
|
|
|
70 |
|
00:05:50,250 --> 00:05:55,970 |
|
amino group ู
ู ุงู protein ู ุจุชุชุญูู ุฅูู ammonia ู |
|
|
|
71 |
|
00:05:55,970 --> 00:06:02,110 |
|
ุงู ammonia ู ุจุณุจุจ ุฃููุง toxic ู ูุฌูุฏูุง ูู ุงู .. |
|
|
|
72 |
|
00:06:02,110 --> 00:06:08,850 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ู
ู
ูู ูุฑูุนูู ุงู pH ููุฏู
ุงูู ุจู .. ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุงุฒู
|
|
|
|
73 |
|
00:06:08,850 --> 00:06:16,730 |
|
ุงูุฌุณู
ูุญูู ูุฐูุงูุฃู
ูููุง ุฅูู ู
ุฑูุจ ุขุฎุฑ ููู ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
74 |
|
00:06:16,730 --> 00:06:19,510 |
|
these processes release nitrogen which is |
|
|
|
75 |
|
00:06:19,510 --> 00:06:21,650 |
|
converted to ammonia ุฒู ู
ุง ููููุง ุงููู ูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
76 |
|
00:06:21,650 --> 00:06:24,910 |
|
break down ู ุงู protein ู ุงู deamination ุงููู |
|
|
|
77 |
|
00:06:24,910 --> 00:06:29,070 |
|
ุจุชุตูุฑ ู ุงู amino groupู ุงู ammonia group ุชุชุญูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
78 |
|
00:06:29,070 --> 00:06:35,330 |
|
ammonia ู ุจุนุฏ ููู ุงู ammonia ุจุชุชุญูู ููู ุงู liver ู |
|
|
|
79 |
|
00:06:35,330 --> 00:06:40,790 |
|
ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงููุฑูุง cycle ุจุชุชุญูู ุงูู urea ู
ู ุงุชุญุงุฏ |
|
|
|
80 |
|
00:06:40,790 --> 00:06:47,870 |
|
carbon dioxide CO2 ู
ุน ammonia ุชู
ุงู
ู ูุฐุง ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
81 |
|
00:06:47,870 --> 00:06:54,470 |
|
ุงูุดููุงูููุฑูุง C double bond O NH2 NH2 ุทุจุนุง ุฒู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
82 |
|
00:06:54,470 --> 00:06:57,990 |
|
ูููุง ุงูู ุณุงุจูุง ุงูุงุณุงุณ for ููุฑูุง were based on |
|
|
|
83 |
|
00:06:57,990 --> 00:07:03,450 |
|
measurement of nitrogen ูุงูุช ุจุชุนุชู
ุฏ ุนูู ูููุงุณ |
|
|
|
84 |
|
00:07:03,450 --> 00:07:09,010 |
|
ู
ุณุชูู ุงู nitrogenูู ุงูููุฑูุง ู ุฒู ู
ุง ุญูููุง ูุงู ุงู |
|
|
|
85 |
|
00:07:09,010 --> 00:07:13,470 |
|
.. ุงูู
ุณู
ู ุงููู ูู blood urea nitrogen ู ุฃูุถุง ู
ุง |
|
|
|
86 |
|
00:07:13,470 --> 00:07:17,530 |
|
ุฒุงู ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุจูุฏุงู ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ูุฐุง ุงูู
ุตุทูุญ ุงููู |
|
|
|
87 |
|
00:07:17,530 --> 00:07:22,030 |
|
ูู blood urea nitrogen executed by the kidneys 40 |
|
|
|
88 |
|
00:07:22,030 --> 00:07:26,330 |
|
percent reabsorbed ุงููู ุจูุจุตูุฑ ููู ุงููุง filtration |
|
|
|
89 |
|
00:07:26,330 --> 00:07:34,390 |
|
ููููุฑูุง ุชููุถ ุงููู ูู ุงูุฏู
ุจูุงูุชูุฌ ุนูู ููุฑูุงุงูุงู ุงู |
|
|
|
90 |
|
00:07:34,390 --> 00:07:38,090 |
|
.. ุงููุณุจุฉ ู
ู ุงู .. ุงู filtrate ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
91 |
|
00:07:38,090 --> 00:07:41,730 |
|
ุจุงู filtrate ูุฐู ุจุฑุฌุน ุจุตูุฑููุง reabsorption ู
ุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
92 |
|
00:07:41,730 --> 00:07:45,890 |
|
ุฃุฎุฑูุ ูุนูู ุจุฑุฌุน ุจุตูุฑููุง ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ู ุจุชุฏุฎู |
|
|
|
93 |
|
00:07:45,890 --> 00:07:49,190 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ูู ุฃุฑุจุนูู ุจุงูู
ูุฉุ ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
94 |
|
00:07:49,190 --> 00:07:53,930 |
|
ุชูููุฉ ุจุชุฏุฎู ุงููู ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุจูู ุงู filtrate ู |
|
|
|
95 |
|
00:07:53,930 --> 00:07:58,850 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุงreabsorption ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ู |
|
|
|
96 |
|
00:07:58,850 --> 00:08:06,730 |
|
40% ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ูุฐู ู ุจุชุฏุฎู ููุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุฃูู ุฃูุถุง |
|
|
|
97 |
|
00:08:06,730 --> 00:08:10,590 |
|
ุฌุฒุก ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ุจุณูู execution ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู gesto |
|
|
|
98 |
|
00:08:10,590 --> 00:08:13,790 |
|
-intestinal tract ู ุฃูุถุง ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู skin ู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
99 |
|
00:08:13,790 --> 00:08:16,670 |
|
ุจูู
ุซู ุฃูู ู
ู 10% |
|
|
|
100 |
|
00:08:18,720 --> 00:08:23,620 |
|
ุงูุงู ุงููู ุจูุญุฏุฏ ูู
ูุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
101 |
|
00:08:23,620 --> 00:08:29,480 |
|
ุงููุง ุงู renal function ุงู ุฒู ู
ุง ุดูุชู ุจุงูุฃูู ุญูููุง |
|
|
|
102 |
|
00:08:29,480 --> 00:08:35,160 |
|
ุงูู ูุนูู ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ุงู non protein nitrogen compounds |
|
|
|
103 |
|
00:08:35,160 --> 00:08:39,780 |
|
ู ุงููู ู
ู ุถู
ููุง ุทุจุนุง ุงูููุฑูุง ููู ู
ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู ููู |
|
|
|
104 |
|
00:08:39,780 --> 00:08:44,090 |
|
ุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงููู ูู ุงู renal functionูุจุฌู ู
ู ุงูู
ุญุฏุฏุงุช ู |
|
|
|
105 |
|
00:08:44,090 --> 00:08:48,190 |
|
ุงู concentration of urea ุงู renal function ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
106 |
|
00:08:48,190 --> 00:08:52,910 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงู renal function ููุตุฉ ูุจุฌู ูุฐุง ูุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
107 |
|
00:08:52,910 --> 00:08:59,430 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงู urea ูู ุงูุฏู
ุทุจุนุง ุจูุนูู ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุนูุณูุฉ |
|
|
|
108 |
|
00:08:59,760 --> 00:09:05,960 |
|
ุฃูุถุง ุฅู ุงู dietary intake ูุฅูู ุญูููุง ุฅู ุงู .. ุงู |
|
|
|
109 |
|
00:09:05,960 --> 00:09:10,040 |
|
.. ุงู urea ูู ูุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู ุงู catabolism ูุงู protein |
|
|
|
110 |
|
00:09:10,040 --> 00:09:15,320 |
|
ุงู breakdown ูุงู protein ุจููุชุฌ ุนูู ureaูุจูู ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
111 |
|
00:09:15,320 --> 00:09:19,840 |
|
ูุงู ุฒุงุฏุช ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ูุฉ ุงู protein ูู ุงู diet ุชู
ุงู
|
|
|
|
112 |
|
00:09:19,840 --> 00:09:23,620 |
|
ูุจูู ูุชุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง breakdown ู proteins ู ุจุงูุชุงูู |
|
|
|
113 |
|
00:09:23,620 --> 00:09:28,220 |
|
amino acids ุฃูุจุฑ ู ูุชุฑุชูุน ุนูุฏูุง ุงู urea ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
114 |
|
00:09:28,220 --> 00:09:35,740 |
|
ูุฃู ุงูุฌุณู
ูุง ูุฎุฒู ุงู amino acids ุชู
ุงู
ุงูุฌุณู
ูุง |
|
|
|
115 |
|
00:09:35,740 --> 00:09:38,320 |
|
ูุฎุฒู ุงู amino acids ู ุจุงูุชุงูู ุงู amino acids |
|
|
|
116 |
|
00:09:38,320 --> 00:09:46,860 |
|
ุงูุฒุงุฆุฏุฉ ุนู ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงูุฌุณู
ุจุณููุง breakdownุฃูุถุง ุงูู
ุญุฏุฏ |
|
|
|
117 |
|
00:09:46,860 --> 00:09:51,320 |
|
ุงูุชุงูู ู ุงู concentration protein catabolism rate |
|
|
|
118 |
|
00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:57,860 |
|
ูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงู breakdown ู ุงู proteins ุฅุฐุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุงู |
|
|
|
119 |
|
00:09:57,860 --> 00:10:01,220 |
|
breakdown ู ุฃู ุงู catabolism ู ุงู protein ูุณุจุจ ุฃู |
|
|
|
120 |
|
00:10:01,220 --> 00:10:06,180 |
|
ูุขุฎุฑ ูุฐุง ุจุฑุถู ุญูุฒูุฏ ู
ู ุงู urea concentration |
|
|
|
121 |
|
00:10:06,180 --> 00:10:11,100 |
|
ุณุฑูุฑูุง ู ุทุจุนุง ูุนูู ุงูุฃุทุจุงุก ููุด ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ุงู urea |
|
|
|
122 |
|
00:10:11,100 --> 00:10:14,260 |
|
concentration ููุด ุจูุทูุจูุง ุถู
ู ุงููุญูุตุงุช ุงู urea |
|
|
|
123 |
|
00:10:15,510 --> 00:10:22,050 |
|
ุทุจุนุงู ุฅููุง ูุนูู ุฃูู
ูุฉ ูู ุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุฃู
ูุฑ |
|
|
|
124 |
|
00:10:22,050 --> 00:10:25,210 |
|
measurement of urea is used to evaluate renal |
|
|
|
125 |
|
00:10:25,210 --> 00:10:30,690 |
|
function ุงูู
ูู
ูุฃู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ู
ู ุงูู
ุญุฏุฏุงุช ูุฅู ุงู |
|
|
|
126 |
|
00:10:30,690 --> 00:10:33,230 |
|
concentration ููููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ูู ุงู renal function |
|
|
|
127 |
|
00:10:33,230 --> 00:10:37,050 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุนูุณูุฉ ูู ู
ุง ููุตุช ุงู renal |
|
|
|
128 |
|
00:10:37,050 --> 00:10:40,610 |
|
function ูู ู
ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุนููุง ุงู urea concentration |
|
|
|
129 |
|
00:10:40,610 --> 00:10:48,520 |
|
ุฃูุถุง ุงู cess hydration statusูุฃูู ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
130 |
|
00:10:48,520 --> 00:10:52,200 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ุจูุตููุง reabsorption ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงููู |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:10:52,200 --> 00:10:55,920 |
|
ุจุชุฏุฎู ููุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงู concentration |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:10:55,920 --> 00:11:00,600 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ูู ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจูุญุฏุฏูุง ุงูุถุง ุงู |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:11:00,600 --> 00:11:05,000 |
|
hydration status ูู patient ุงู ููุดุฎุต ูุจุงูุชุงูู the |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:11:05,000 --> 00:11:08,380 |
|
amount of urine reabsorbed depends on urine flow |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:11:08,380 --> 00:11:15,690 |
|
rate and extent of hydration ุงุฐุง ูุงู ุงูุดุฎุต ูุงููุนูู |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:11:15,690 --> 00:11:20,130 |
|
dehydrated ููู ุตุงุฑ ุนูุฏู ููุต ุจุงูู
ุงุก ุจูู
ูุงุช ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:11:20,130 --> 00:11:25,430 |
|
ูุจูุฑุฉ ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ุฃูุชุฑ reabsorption |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:11:25,430 --> 00:11:29,490 |
|
ูุงูููุฑูุง ูุนู
ููุฉ ุงู reabsorption ูุงูููุฑูุง ุจุชุณุงุนุฏ |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:11:29,490 --> 00:11:35,830 |
|
ุนูู ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ุฃูุจุฑููู
ูู ู
ู ุงู urine ู ุงูู
ูู ูุฐู ุจุชุฑุฌุน |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:11:35,830 --> 00:11:40,990 |
|
ุชุฏุฎู ุงูุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุนูู ุงูุฌุณู
ุจูุญุงูู ุฃูู ู
ุงูููุฏุด |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:11:40,990 --> 00:11:48,830 |
|
ู
ูู ู ูุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ุจูููู ู
ู ุถู
ู ุงูุทุฑู ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:11:48,830 --> 00:11:54,300 |
|
reabsorption ู ุงูููุฑูุง ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑูุฃูุถุง ุงู urea |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:11:54,300 --> 00:11:58,740 |
|
concentration ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงู nitrogen balance |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:11:58,740 --> 00:12:02,180 |
|
ูุฅุฐุง ูุงูุฑ .. ุฅุฐุง ูุงูุฑูู ู
ุง ุญูููุง ุนู ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:12:02,180 --> 00:12:06,120 |
|
balance ููููุง ูู ุงู nitrogen intake ูุงูุต ุงู |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:12:06,120 --> 00:12:11,060 |
|
nitrogen loss ู ุงู nitrogen loss ุฒู ู
ุง ุดูููุง ุฃูู |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:12:11,060 --> 00:12:13,220 |
|
ุงู non-protein nitrogen compounds ุงููู ุจูุณูุญ |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:12:13,220 --> 00:12:17,680 |
|
execution ูู ุงู urine ุงู urea ุจุชู
ุซู ุฎู
ุณุฉ ู ุชู
ุงููู |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:12:17,680 --> 00:12:22,690 |
|
ุจุงูู
ูุฉ ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุชุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุจูู ู
ู
ูู ู
ู ุฎูุงู |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:12:22,690 --> 00:12:29,170 |
|
ุญุณุงุจูุง ูุงูููุฑูุง ูุนุฑู ูุฏุงุด ูุนูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:12:29,170 --> 00:12:32,590 |
|
loss ูุฏุงุด ุงููู ูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู nitrogen ุงููู ุจูููุฏูุง |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:12:32,590 --> 00:12:39,130 |
|
ุงูุฌุณู
ู ุทุจุนุง ู
ู
ูู ูุญุณุจ ุงู nitrogen ุงููู ุจูุฏุฎู |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:12:39,130 --> 00:12:44,130 |
|
ููุฌุณู
ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู diet ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูุบุฐุงุก ุงููู ุจูุชูุงููู |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:12:44,130 --> 00:12:48,010 |
|
ุงูุฅูุณุงู ู ุจููู ู
ู
ูู ูุญุณุจ ุงููู ูู ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:12:48,420 --> 00:12:52,580 |
|
balance ููู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุงู nitrogen intake ูุงูุต ุงู |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:12:52,580 --> 00:12:55,780 |
|
nitrogen loss ูุจูู ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู ุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:12:55,780 --> 00:13:00,100 |
|
balance ุฃูุถุง aid in the diagnosis of renal disease |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:13:00,100 --> 00:13:05,140 |
|
ูุจูู ูู ู
ู ุงููุญูุตุงุช ุงููู ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุจุชูุทูุจ ููู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:13:05,140 --> 00:13:10,760 |
|
ู
ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู renal function ูุงูุชุญุฏูุฏ ุฅุฐุง ู
ุง ูุงู ููุงู |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:13:10,760 --> 00:13:15,920 |
|
ู
ุฑุถ ุฃุตุงุจ ุงููู ูู ุงูููู ุฃู ูุฃ ุฒู ุนูู ุณุจูู ุงูู
ุซุงู |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:13:15,920 --> 00:13:19,800 |
|
ู
ู
ูู acute kidney failure ุฃู chronic kidney |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:13:19,800 --> 00:13:25,560 |
|
failure ุฃู ุงูุฃู
ุฑุงุถ ุงูุฃุฎุฑู ุฃูุถุง to verify adequacy |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:13:25,560 --> 00:13:30,360 |
|
of dialysisุงููุงุณ ุงููู ุนูุฏูู
facial callaway |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:13:30,360 --> 00:13:35,740 |
|
ุจูุนู
ููุง ุงู ุจูููู
ูุง ุจุบุณูู ููุฏู
ุงููู ูู ุงู dialysis |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:13:35,740 --> 00:13:42,380 |
|
ู ู
ู
ูู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ูุญุตูุง ู ุงู urea concentration ูุนุฑู |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:13:42,380 --> 00:13:47,880 |
|
ุงุฐุง ูุงู ุงูุนุฏุฏ ู
ุฑุงุช ุงูุบุณูู ู ูุชุฑุงุช ุงูุบุณูู ูุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:13:47,880 --> 00:13:52,720 |
|
ูุทูููุฉ ุงูุฏู
ุงู ูุง ูุนูู ูุฐุง ุจูููู ู
ู ุญุณุงุจ ุงู urea |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:13:52,720 --> 00:13:59,470 |
|
ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
ูุนูู ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู
ุดููุงุช ุฃู |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:13:59,470 --> 00:14:03,410 |
|
ุงูุฃู
ุฑุงุถ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชูุฏู ุงูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงู urea |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:14:03,410 --> 00:14:12,100 |
|
concentration ูู ุงูุฏู
ู ุงููู ูู ุชุณู
ู Azotemiaูุจูู |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:14:12,100 --> 00:14:17,060 |
|
ุงูุงุฒูุชูู
ูุง ู
ุนูุงูุง elevated concentration of urea |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:14:17,060 --> 00:14:23,420 |
|
in blood ุงูุงู ุงุฐุง ูุงู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู urea ูุงุชุฌ ุนู renal |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:14:23,420 --> 00:14:28,240 |
|
failure ุงููู ูู ูุดู ููููุชู
ุงู
ุฒู ู
ุง ุจูููููุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:14:28,240 --> 00:14:31,920 |
|
ูููุง ูุดู ูููู ู
ุนูุงุชู ูุชุฑุชูุน ููุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุจูู
ูุงุช |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:14:31,920 --> 00:14:36,240 |
|
ูุจูุฑุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
ูุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู execution |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:14:36,240 --> 00:14:40,880 |
|
ุญูุตูุฑูู ุงูููุฑูุง ูุจูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูููุฑูุง ูุงุชุฌ |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:14:40,880 --> 00:14:48,780 |
|
ุนู renal failure ูุจูู ุจูุฐุง ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุจูุณู
ู ุงู uremia |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:14:48,780 --> 00:14:55,080 |
|
ุฃู the uremic syndromeูุงู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุชุณู
ู uremia ุงู |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:14:55,080 --> 00:14:59,300 |
|
the uremic syndrome ุงุฐุง ูุงู ูุงู ูููุง renal failure |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:14:59,300 --> 00:15:08,860 |
|
ูุดู ูููู ูุตุงุฑ ูููุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:15:08,860 --> 00:15:18,990 |
|
ุงููุณู
ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุงูุงุฒูุชูู
ูุง ุฅูู ุชูุช ุฃูุณุงู
ุจูุงุก ุนูู ุณุจุจ |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:15:18,990 --> 00:15:25,330 |
|
ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ pre-renal ุชู
ุงู
ููู ุงููู ุฃุฏุช ุฅูู |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:15:25,330 --> 00:15:31,030 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูููุฑูุง ุฃู renalุฃู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ post-renal ูู |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:15:31,030 --> 00:15:35,810 |
|
ุงูู pre-renal ุฃุฒูุชูู
ูุง ู ุทุจุนุง ู
ู ุงูุฅุณู
pre ูุนูู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:15:35,810 --> 00:15:41,610 |
|
ูุจู ุงูููุงุฉ ูุนูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ู
ุง ูุจู |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:15:41,610 --> 00:15:46,570 |
|
ุงูููุงุฉ ุงูููุงุฉ ุตููุจุฉ ู
ุงููุด ูููุง ู
ุดููุฉ ููู ู
ุดููุฉ |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:15:46,570 --> 00:15:51,190 |
|
ุญุฏุซุช ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูููุงุฉ ูู ุงููู ุฃุฏุช ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:15:52,910 --> 00:15:58,570 |
|
ููู ุฃู ุงูู reduced renal blood flow ูุจูู ุงูุฎูุงุถ |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:15:58,570 --> 00:16:03,830 |
|
ูู
ูุฉ ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจุชุตู ูุงูููุฉ ูุฐู ูุชูุฏู ุงูู less |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:16:03,830 --> 00:16:08,500 |
|
blood is delivered to the kidneyูู
ูุงุช ุงูู ู
ู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:16:08,500 --> 00:16:13,360 |
|
ูุชุฏุฎู ู ุงู kidney ู ูุชุฏุฎู ู ุงู glomerulus ู |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:16:13,360 --> 00:16:19,760 |
|
ุจุงูุชุงูู less urea filtered ูู
ูุงุช ุงูู ุจุดูู ุนุงู
|
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:16:19,760 --> 00:16:23,680 |
|
ูุชุตูุฑ ุชููู ุนูู ูู
ูุงุช ุงูู ู
ู ุงูุฏู
ู ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุชุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:16:23,680 --> 00:16:28,600 |
|
ูููุง execution ููู
ูุงุช ุงูู ู
ู ุงู urea ูู ุงู urine ู |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:16:28,600 --> 00:16:33,820 |
|
ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุงูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู ุงู urea ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:16:33,820 --> 00:16:41,380 |
|
ุชู
ุงู
ุงุญูุง ุนูุฏูุง ูุฐุงูู ุงู .. ุงู kidney ูู ุฌููุง ุฎุฏูุง |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:16:41,380 --> 00:16:47,120 |
|
ู
ูุทุน ู ูุจุฑูุงู ูู ููููู ุงููู ูู ุดูู ุงู kidney ููุง |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:16:47,120 --> 00:16:51,860 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงู cortex ู ููุง ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู
ุถูุฉ ู ุญูููุง ุณุงุจูุง |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:16:51,860 --> 00:16:58,110 |
|
ุงูู ุงู nephronูู ุงู functional unit ู ุงููุฏูู ูุจูู |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:16:58,110 --> 00:17:02,330 |
|
ุงููุญุฏุฉ ุงููุธูููุฉ ู ุงููุฏูู ูู ุงูููุฑู ุชู
ุงู
ููู ูู |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:17:02,330 --> 00:17:07,170 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ููุฑู ููู ูู ูู ููุฑู ุงุฎุฑ ูุงู ูู ุฌููุง ูุจุฑูุง |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:17:07,170 --> 00:17:13,870 |
|
ุงูููุฑู ุดููุฉ ุงูููุฑู ุจุชููู ู
ู ุงู aglomerulas ู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:17:13,870 --> 00:17:20,120 |
|
ุงู tubulesุทุจุนุง ุงู glomerulus ููู ุจูุฏุฎู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:17:20,120 --> 00:17:25,220 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ูุจูู ุจูุฏุฎู ุงูุฏู
ุทุจุนุง ุจูุฏุฎู ุงู .. ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:17:25,220 --> 00:17:29,240 |
|
ุงูุดุฑูุงู ู ุงู .. ุงู kidney ู ุจูุตูุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุฐูู ุชูุฑุน ู |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:17:29,240 --> 00:17:34,320 |
|
ุจูุฏุฎู ูุงู ุงู .. ุงููู ุจุฏุฎู ู ุงู glomerulus ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:17:34,320 --> 00:17:40,340 |
|
ุงู afferent arteriole ูุจูู ุงูุฏู
ุจุฏุฎู ู ุงูููุฑู ุนู |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:17:40,340 --> 00:17:46,270 |
|
ุทุฑูู ุงู afferent arterioleู ุจุนุฏูู ุจูุชุดุนุจ ุงูู ุดุจูุฉ |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:17:46,270 --> 00:17:50,830 |
|
ู
ู ุงูุฃููุน ุงูุฏู
ููุฉ ู ุจุนุฏูู ุงูุฏู
ุจุนุฏ ู
ุง ูู
ุฑ ุจูุฐู |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:17:50,830 --> 00:17:56,070 |
|
ุงูุดุจูุฉ ุจูุทูุน ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู apparent arteriole ูุจูู |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:17:56,070 --> 00:18:02,930 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุจูุฏุฎู ุจูุฏุฎู ุจูุฐู ุงูุดุจูุฉ ู ุจูุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง ุชูููุฉ |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:18:02,930 --> 00:18:06,230 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง filtration ุทุจุนุง ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุฒู ุฒู |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:18:06,230 --> 00:18:13,370 |
|
ุงูู
ุตูุงูุฉ ุชูุฑูุจุง ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุซููุจ ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุญุฌู
ุงูู
ุฑูุจ |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:18:13,370 --> 00:18:16,970 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ุจุงูุฏู
ุฃูุจุฑ ู
ู ุงูุซููุจ ูุจูู ูุง ูุชู
ููุชุฑุชู |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:18:16,970 --> 00:18:22,050 |
|
ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงูุญุฌู
ุฃุตุบุฑ ู
ู ุงูุซููุจ ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูุจูู ุชู
|
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:18:22,050 --> 00:18:27,590 |
|
ููุชุฑุชู ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง filtration ููุจูู ุชุฏุฎู |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:18:27,590 --> 00:18:31,370 |
|
ูุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุฒู ู
ุง ุจูููููุง ุงู molecular weight |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:18:31,370 --> 00:18:36,190 |
|
ุชุจูู ุฃุตุบุฑ ุฃู ุงูุญุฌู
ุชุจูู ุฃุตุบุฑ ู
ู ุงูุซููุจ ุจุชุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:18:36,190 --> 00:18:42,350 |
|
ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงู tubulesุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ ููู ุงู .. ุงูุฃุดูุงุก |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:18:42,350 --> 00:18:46,670 |
|
ุงูู
ููุฏุฉ ูุฌุณู
ุจูุตูููุง Reabsorption ูุจูู ุจูุตูููุง |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:18:46,670 --> 00:18:49,370 |
|
ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูุฎูุงูุง ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงู tubules ู |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:18:49,370 --> 00:18:52,910 |
|
ุจุชุฏุฎู ูู ุงูุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ู ุงูุฃุดูุงุก ุงููู ูุง ูุชู
|
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:18:52,910 --> 00:18:58,990 |
|
ููุชุฑุชูุง ุจุชู
ุฑ ุนุจุฑ ุงู .. ุงู tubes ูุฐู ุทุจุนุง ุงูุฃุฌุฒุงุก |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:18:58,990 --> 00:19:03,970 |
|
ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ู ุงู tubes ู
ุณุฆููุฉ ุนู ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ู
ุฑูุจุงุช ู |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:19:03,970 --> 00:19:08,750 |
|
ions ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจูู ุงู filtrateูุบุงูุฉ ู
ุง ุชุตูุจ ุจู |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:19:08,750 --> 00:19:13,150 |
|
ุงู collecting duct ู ุจุนุฏูู ุงููู ูู ุฏู ุทุจุนุง ุจุชุตูุจ |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:19:13,150 --> 00:19:17,870 |
|
ูู ุงูุญุงูุจ ู ุจุนุฏูู ุจู ุงูู
ุซุงูุง ู ุจุชุทูุน ุจุนุฏ ููู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:19:17,870 --> 00:19:23,230 |
|
ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงูุฌุณู
ูุจูู ุงูุขู ุฃู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงูุฏู
ุจุฏุฎู ุนู |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:19:23,230 --> 00:19:27,470 |
|
ุทุฑูู ุงู apparent arterioleู ุฌุฏุด ุนูุฏู ูู
ูุฉ ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:19:27,470 --> 00:19:32,490 |
|
ุงููู ูุชุฏุฎู ูุงูุ ุฌุฏุด ููุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุง ููุชุฑุฉ ู ุฌุฏุด |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:19:32,490 --> 00:19:36,970 |
|
ูููุชูุฌ ุนูุง filtered ุชู
ุงู
ุ ู ุทุจุนุง ุถู
ู ุงูุดุบูุงุช ุงููู |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:19:36,970 --> 00:19:41,950 |
|
ูุตูุฑูุง ููุชุฑุฉ ุนูุง ุงูููุฑูุงุ ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุฒุงุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:19:41,950 --> 00:19:46,020 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจุชุฏุฎููุจูู ููุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง ููุชููู filtrate |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:19:46,020 --> 00:19:49,980 |
|
ุฃูุจุฑ ูู
ู ุถู
ู ุงู filtrate ูุชููู urea ูููุตูุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:19:49,980 --> 00:19:54,160 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง execution ู urea ุฃูุจุฑ ููู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ูู ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:19:54,160 --> 00:19:59,420 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจุชุฏุฎู ูู aglomerulus ูุจูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:19:59,420 --> 00:20:03,480 |
|
filtrate ูุชููู ุฃูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ูุชููุน ูุชููู ุฃูู |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:20:03,480 --> 00:20:06,940 |
|
ูู
ูุฉ ุงู urea ุงููู ูุชุฏุฎู ุจุงู filtrate ูุชููู ุฃูู |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:20:06,940 --> 00:20:11,480 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุชุฑุชูุน ุนูุฏูุง ุงู ureaูู ุงูุฏู
ูุจูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:20:11,480 --> 00:20:14,060 |
|
ุนุดุงู ููููููุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง reduction ู |
|
|
|
241 |
|
00:20:14,060 --> 00:20:19,900 |
|
blood flow ูุจูู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ุทุจุนุง decrease ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
242 |
|
00:20:19,900 --> 00:20:22,600 |
|
blood ุงููู ุจูุตู ู ุงู kidney ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุณููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
243 |
|
00:20:22,600 --> 00:20:28,160 |
|
filtered ูุฃู anything that produces a decrease in |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:20:28,160 --> 00:20:32,070 |
|
functional blood volumeุจุฃู ุฅุดู ููุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงู blood |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:20:32,070 --> 00:20:35,990 |
|
volume ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุ ู
ุนูุงุชู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ููุต ูู ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
246 |
|
00:20:35,990 --> 00:20:42,190 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจุชุตู ุงู kidney ูุจูู ูุญูู ุนูู ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุฒู ุงู |
|
|
|
247 |
|
00:20:42,190 --> 00:20:46,250 |
|
congestive heart failure ุงููู ูู ู
ุดููุฉ ุฃู ุถุนู ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
248 |
|
00:20:46,250 --> 00:20:50,770 |
|
ูู ุนุถูุฉ ุงูููุจุ ุชู
ุงู
ุ ุจุฌูุฉ ุฏู ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:20:50,770 --> 00:20:55,050 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุฃู ุถุบุท ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ููุตู ุงู kidney ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:20:55,050 --> 00:21:00,680 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุฃูู ููุตูุฑ ููุง ูุงูุชุฑุฉุญุงูุงุช ุงููู ูู ุงู shock |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:21:00,680 --> 00:21:05,940 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ุจุชุนู
ู ุนูู ุงูุบูุงุถ ูู ุถุบุท ุงูุฏู
ุญุงูุงุช ุงููู ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:21:05,940 --> 00:21:10,340 |
|
hemorrhage ุงููุธูู ุฃููุฏ ุจุฑุถู ุงููุธูู ุจูููู ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:21:10,340 --> 00:21:12,860 |
|
blood volume ู ุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูููู ู
ู ุงู blood pressure |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:21:12,860 --> 00:21:17,660 |
|
ู ุฃู ุฅุดู ูุคุฏู ุฅูู dehydrationุทุจุนุง ูุจูู ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงููู |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:21:17,660 --> 00:21:21,240 |
|
ูู ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู ููุต ูู ุงูุณูุงุฆูุ ููุต |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:21:21,240 --> 00:21:25,080 |
|
ูู ุงูู
ูู ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจุงูุฏู
ุ ู
ุงุฒุงู ุตุงุฑ ูููุง ููุต ูู |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:21:25,080 --> 00:21:29,700 |
|
ุงูู
ููุ ูุจูู ุจุฑุถู ุญูุตูุฑ ูููุง ููุต ูู ุงู blood volume |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:21:29,700 --> 00:21:33,380 |
|
ู ู
ุงุฒุงู ููุต ุงู blood volumeุ ูุจูู ุญูููุต ุงู blood |
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:21:33,380 --> 00:21:39,510 |
|
pressureุจูุนุฏู ุฃุณุจุงุจ ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูููุง ุจุงูููุงูุฉ ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:21:39,510 --> 00:21:43,110 |
|
ุงูููุต ูู ุงููู ูู ู
ู
ูู ุงู blood pressure ุฃู ุงู |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:21:43,110 --> 00:21:47,050 |
|
blood value ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู ููุต ูู ุงู blood |
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:21:47,050 --> 00:21:51,190 |
|
pressure ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูู
ูุฉ ุฃูู ู
ู ุงูุฏู
ูุชุตูุฃ ุงููุฏู |
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:21:51,190 --> 00:21:56,790 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู Listeria is filtered ุฃู ุนูุง ุฃูุถุง high |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:21:56,790 --> 00:22:02,430 |
|
protein diet or increased catabolismุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุฏูู |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:22:02,430 --> 00:22:06,090 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ู
ุงููู
ุด ุนูุงูุฉ ูู ุงูููุง ุฅูู ุฒุงุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ูุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:22:06,090 --> 00:22:11,030 |
|
.. ุงู protein ุงููู ุจูุณุชููููุง ุงูุดุฎุต ูุจูู ุฃููุฏ ุฒู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:22:11,030 --> 00:22:14,610 |
|
ูููุง ุจุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงู amino acids ุงููู ุชุฎุฒู ูุจุงูุชุงูู |
|
|
|
268 |
|
00:22:14,610 --> 00:22:19,110 |
|
ุญุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง excretion ููู
ูุงุช ุฃูุจุฑ ุฃู ูุชุฑุชูุน |
|
|
|
269 |
|
00:22:19,110 --> 00:22:23,230 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุทุจุนุง ุงู urea ูู ุงูุฏู
ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ู increase |
|
|
|
270 |
|
00:22:23,230 --> 00:22:26,870 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุงู catabolism ูุฃุณุจุงุจ ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
271 |
|
00:22:26,870 --> 00:22:31,390 |
|
ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงู catabolism ุฒู ุงู ูุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฒูุงูู |
|
|
|
272 |
|
00:22:31,390 --> 00:22:36,790 |
|
ุงู major illness ูุนูู ู
ุฑุถ ุนุถุงู ุฃู ุงู stress ูุฐู |
|
|
|
273 |
|
00:22:36,790 --> 00:22:42,410 |
|
ูููุง ุจุชุฒูุฏ ู
ู ุงู catabolism ู ุจุงูุชุงูู ู
ู
ูู ุชุนู
ูู |
|
|
|
274 |
|
00:22:42,410 --> 00:22:47,150 |
|
ุงู pre-renal azotemia ูุฅู ุงูุณุจุจ ุงูุขุฎุฑ ูู ุงู renal |
|
|
|
275 |
|
00:22:47,150 --> 00:22:52,820 |
|
azotemia ู ุทุจุนุง ู
ู ุงูุงุณู
ุฃู ุงูุขู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
276 |
|
00:22:52,820 --> 00:22:58,480 |
|
ุงู kidney ูุจูู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู kidney ููู ุงููู ูุฏุช |
|
|
|
277 |
|
00:22:58,480 --> 00:23:02,760 |
|
ุฅูู less excretion ุฃู less filtration of urea |
|
|
|
278 |
|
00:23:02,760 --> 00:23:06,460 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู less excretion ูุฃ ุงู urea ูู ุงู urine |
|
|
|
279 |
|
00:23:06,460 --> 00:23:11,210 |
|
ููุฐุง ุฃุฏู ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูุฏู
decrease renal function |
|
|
|
280 |
|
00:23:11,210 --> 00:23:14,750 |
|
causes increased blood urea due to poor excretion |
|
|
|
281 |
|
00:23:14,750 --> 00:23:18,830 |
|
ูุนูู ุนูุฏูุง excretion ุฃูู ู ุทุจุนุง ุงูุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงููู ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
282 |
|
00:23:18,830 --> 00:23:21,670 |
|
acute and chronic renal failure ุงููู ูู ุงููุดู |
|
|
|
283 |
|
00:23:21,670 --> 00:23:26,350 |
|
ุงููููู ุงูุญุงุฏูู ุงูู
ุฒู
ูุงููุง glomerular nephritis |
|
|
|
284 |
|
00:23:26,350 --> 00:23:31,190 |
|
ุงูุงูุชูุงุจ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ูุตูุฑ ูู ุงู glomerulus ู
ู
ูู ูุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
285 |
|
00:23:31,190 --> 00:23:35,290 |
|
ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูุชูุงุจ ูู ุงู glomerulus ู ูุงู ูุตูุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
286 |
|
00:23:35,290 --> 00:23:41,850 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู ูู ูุนูู decrease ูู ุงู filtration ู ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
287 |
|
00:23:41,850 --> 00:23:46,510 |
|
ุงูุถุง ู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุทุจุนุง ุงูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุงูุถุง |
|
|
|
288 |
|
00:23:46,510 --> 00:23:52,180 |
|
tubular necrosisุงููู ูู ูุตูุฑ ูููุง ุฅูู ู
ูุช ูู .. ูู |
|
|
|
289 |
|
00:23:52,180 --> 00:23:56,700 |
|
tubules caused by a lack of oxygen to the kidney |
|
|
|
290 |
|
00:23:56,700 --> 00:24:01,680 |
|
tissues ู other intrinsic renal disease ูุจูู ุจุฑุถู |
|
|
|
291 |
|
00:24:01,680 --> 00:24:06,180 |
|
ุฃู ูุนูู ู
ุฑุถ ุญุงุณูุจู ูุฏู ู
ู
ูู ูุคุซุฑ ุนูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
292 |
|
00:24:06,180 --> 00:24:10,460 |
|
filtration ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฑูุน ู
ู ุงู concentration ู |
|
|
|
293 |
|
00:24:10,460 --> 00:24:15,690 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ุงูุณุจุจ ุงูุชุงูุช low post-renal |
|
|
|
294 |
|
00:24:15,690 --> 00:24:19,010 |
|
azotemia ุจุฌูุงู ุจุฑุถู ุฃู ุงู kid ู
ุงููุด ูููุง ู
ุดููุฉ |
|
|
|
295 |
|
00:24:19,010 --> 00:24:24,680 |
|
ูุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุงุจุชูุน ู
ุง ุจุนุฏุงู kidney ูุจูู postrenal |
|
|
|
296 |
|
00:24:24,680 --> 00:24:30,460 |
|
azotemia ููุฐุง ุจูููู ุจุณุจุจ ุงู obstruction ุงููู ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
297 |
|
00:24:30,460 --> 00:24:36,880 |
|
ูุตูุฑ ูู ุงู flow of urine ุชู
ุงู
ุ ุจูุจูู ุฃู ุดูุก ููุนูู |
|
|
|
298 |
|
00:24:36,880 --> 00:24:41,940 |
|
ุงู flow of urine ูุฐุง ู
ู
ูู ูุนู
ู postrenal azotemia |
|
|
|
299 |
|
00:24:41,940 --> 00:24:47,360 |
|
ูุนูู ุฒู obstruction of urine flow ุงููู ูู ุงูุงูุณุฏุงุฏ |
|
|
|
300 |
|
00:24:47,360 --> 00:24:51,780 |
|
ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ูููู ุจุณุจุจ ุงูrenal stones ุงู ุงู calcolite |
|
|
|
301 |
|
00:24:52,760 --> 00:24:57,460 |
|
ู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ุญุตุงูู ุงุชูููุช ู ุฅุฌุช ุงูุญุตุงูู |
|
|
|
302 |
|
00:24:57,460 --> 00:25:03,340 |
|
ูุฐู ุนู
ูุช ูุฅูุณุฏุงุฏ ูู ู
ุซูุง ุงูุญุงูุจุ ุงู ูุจุฌู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู |
|
|
|
303 |
|
00:25:03,340 --> 00:25:07,500 |
|
ุฅูู ุงููู ูู ู
ุง ูุณู
ู ุจุงู post-renal azotemia ูุฃูู |
|
|
|
304 |
|
00:25:07,500 --> 00:25:11,770 |
|
ุงูุงูุณุฏุงุฏ ูุฐุง ููุฃุซุฑ ุนููุงู function ู ุงููุฏูู ูุนู
ููุฉ |
|
|
|
305 |
|
00:25:11,770 --> 00:25:17,610 |
|
ุงู filtration ูุจุงูุชุงูู ููุฑูุนูู ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
306 |
|
00:25:17,610 --> 00:25:23,130 |
|
ุงูุถุง ู
ู
ูู ุงู tumors ุงููู ุจุชุณูุจ ุงู bladder ุงู ุงููู |
|
|
|
307 |
|
00:25:23,130 --> 00:25:27,410 |
|
ุจุชุณูุจ ุงู prostate ุงู ุงู tumors ุงููู ุจุชุณูุจ ุงู |
|
|
|
308 |
|
00:25:27,410 --> 00:25:32,270 |
|
bladder ุชู
ุงู
ู
ู
ูู ุชุนู
ูู ุจุฑุถู ุงููู ูู ุงูุณุฏุงุฏ ุงู |
|
|
|
309 |
|
00:25:32,270 --> 00:25:37,120 |
|
ุงููู ุจุชุณูุจ ุงู prostateุฒู ุงููู ูู ุงูู Benign |
|
|
|
310 |
|
00:25:37,120 --> 00:25:41,680 |
|
Prostatic Hyperplasia ูุตูุฑ ูููุง ุชุถุฎู
ูู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
311 |
|
00:25:41,680 --> 00:25:47,880 |
|
ุงูุจุฑุณุชูุช ุฎุฏุช ุงูุจุฑุณุชุงุชุง ููุตูุฑ ุถุบุท ุนูู ุงููู ูู ู
ุฌุฑู |
|
|
|
312 |
|
00:25:47,880 --> 00:25:54,680 |
|
ุงู ุจุงู ูุฐุง ุฃููุฏ ุจุฑุถู ููุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงู urine flow ุฃูุถุง |
|
|
|
313 |
|
00:25:54,680 --> 00:25:58,660 |
|
severe infectionsุงููู ูู ุงูุงูุชูุงุจุงุช ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
314 |
|
00:25:58,660 --> 00:26:05,420 |
|
ู
ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู .. ุงู ูููุฉ ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุฐู ุจุฑุถู ู
ู
ูู ูุชุฃุซุฑ ุนูู |
|
|
|
315 |
|
00:26:05,420 --> 00:26:09,020 |
|
ุงููุฏ ุงููู ูู ุงู urine flow ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุชุนู
ู |
|
|
|
316 |
|
00:26:09,020 --> 00:26:11,380 |
|
postrenal azotemia |
|
|
|
317 |
|
00:26:14,270 --> 00:26:17,630 |
|
ู
ู ูุงุญูุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ุงูุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู decreased |
|
|
|
318 |
|
00:26:17,630 --> 00:26:23,710 |
|
urea nitrogen ุงูุฎูุงุถ ูู ุงูู
ุณุชูู ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ุฒู |
|
|
|
319 |
|
00:26:23,710 --> 00:26:27,590 |
|
ู
ุง ููููุง ู
ูุถูุน ุงูููุฑูุง ู
ุฑุชุจุท ูู ุงู diet ุฒู ู
ุง ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
320 |
|
00:26:27,590 --> 00:26:32,970 |
|
ูุงู ุฒุงุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ุงู protein consumption ุญูุฒูุฏ ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
321 |
|
00:26:32,970 --> 00:26:39,050 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงูุฃููุฃู ุงู ุงู protein consumption |
|
|
|
322 |
|
00:26:39,050 --> 00:26:41,790 |
|
ุฃู ุตุงุฑ ููู ุงูู ูู ุงู protein ุฏู ุชููู ุงูุชุงุฌ ุจููุฏุฑ |
|
|
|
323 |
|
00:26:41,790 --> 00:26:47,490 |
|
ููุฏู ุงู decrease ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุงู ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู |
|
|
|
324 |
|
00:26:48,530 --> 00:26:52,330 |
|
ุนูุฏู ุฃูุถุง ุงู liver disease ุงุญูุง ููููููู ูุงู |
|
|
|
325 |
|
00:26:52,330 --> 00:26:56,390 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุจุชูุตู .. ุจูุตููุง synthesis ูู ุงู liver |
|
|
|
326 |
|
00:26:56,390 --> 00:27:01,150 |
|
because ูุงู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู liverุ ุตุงุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
327 |
|
00:27:01,150 --> 00:27:03,410 |
|
ุนูุฏู liver diseaseุ ูุจูู ูู ุนูุฏู lack of |
|
|
|
328 |
|
00:27:03,410 --> 00:27:05,890 |
|
synthesisุ ุจุฌุงูุจ ูุฐุง ูููุฏุฑ ุฅูู decrease ุฃูุถุง ูู |
|
|
|
329 |
|
00:27:05,890 --> 00:27:13,050 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุงุงูุถุง severe vomiting and or ุฏูุงุฑูุฉ ุตุงุฑ ูููุง |
|
|
|
330 |
|
00:27:13,050 --> 00:27:18,530 |
|
ุชููู ุงู ุตุงุฑ ูููุง ุฏูุงุฑูุฉ ุชู
ุงู
ุจุฌูุฏ ู
ุนูุงู ู
ุด ููุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
331 |
|
00:27:18,530 --> 00:27:24,630 |
|
ููู ุฏุฎูู ู ุงู protein ู
ู ุงู diet ุงูู ุงูุฌุณู
ูุจูู ูู |
|
|
|
332 |
|
00:27:24,630 --> 00:27:28,390 |
|
ุนูุฏู ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงู loss ู ุงู proteins ู ุงู amino |
|
|
|
333 |
|
00:27:28,390 --> 00:27:34,390 |
|
acids ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุฏุฎู ูุฌุณู
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฐุง ููููู ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
334 |
|
00:27:34,390 --> 00:27:39,440 |
|
urea concentrationูุงูุณุจุจ ุงูุฃุฎูุฑ ุฃูู ูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู |
|
|
|
335 |
|
00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:44,600 |
|
ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงู protein synthesisุ ูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุญุงุฌุฉ |
|
|
|
336 |
|
00:27:44,600 --> 00:27:50,580 |
|
ุฃูุจุฑ ู .. ูุชุตููุน ุงู proteins ู ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุตูุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
337 |
|
00:27:50,580 --> 00:27:56,280 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง loss ุฃููุ ุจุงูุชุงูู decrease ูู ุงู urea |
|
|
|
338 |
|
00:27:56,280 --> 00:28:00,720 |
|
nitrogenุทุจ ููู ู
ู
ูู ุงูููุฒ ุงูู urea ุงู analytical |
|
|
|
339 |
|
00:28:00,720 --> 00:28:03,760 |
|
methods ุงู sales for urea were based on measuring |
|
|
|
340 |
|
00:28:03,760 --> 00:28:07,420 |
|
the amount of nitrogen in the sample ูููููุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
341 |
|
00:28:07,420 --> 00:28:11,700 |
|
ุณุงุจูุง ูุงู ูุชู
ููุงุณ ุงู nitrogen ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
342 |
|
00:28:11,700 --> 00:28:14,800 |
|
sample ุนุดุงู ููู ูุงู ุงูุงุณู
blood urea nitrogen |
|
|
|
343 |
|
00:28:16,360 --> 00:28:20,600 |
|
Current analytic methods have retained this custom |
|
|
|
344 |
|
00:28:20,600 --> 00:28:23,920 |
|
and urea often is reported in terms of nitrogen |
|
|
|
345 |
|
00:28:23,920 --> 00:28:29,320 |
|
concentration rather than urea concentration ููููุง |
|
|
|
346 |
|
00:28:29,320 --> 00:28:35,580 |
|
ูุณู ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู
ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช ูู ุจูุฏุงู ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ุง ุฒุงูุช |
|
|
|
347 |
|
00:28:35,580 --> 00:28:40,920 |
|
ุจุชุตุฏุฑ ูุชูุฌุฉ ุงู urea ุงููู ูู ุจุดูู urea nitrogen ุฃู |
|
|
|
348 |
|
00:28:40,920 --> 00:28:45,670 |
|
blood urea nitrogenุงูู Urea Nitrogen Concentration |
|
|
|
349 |
|
00:28:45,670 --> 00:28:48,510 |
|
Can Be Converted To Urea Concentration By |
|
|
|
350 |
|
00:28:48,510 --> 00:28:55,790 |
|
Multiplying By 2.14 ูุนูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ูุชูุฌุฉ ุตุงุฏุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
351 |
|
00:28:55,790 --> 00:28:58,370 |
|
ุนูู ุดูู ุงููู ูู Blood Urea Nitrogen ุฃู Urea |
|
|
|
352 |
|
00:28:58,370 --> 00:29:02,770 |
|
Nitrogen ุนุดุงู ูุญููููุง ูู Urea ุจุฏูุง ูุถุฑุจ ุงููุชูุฌุฉ |
|
|
|
353 |
|
00:29:02,770 --> 00:29:09,070 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุนูุฏูุง ูู 2.14 ููู ุจูููู ุญูููุง ุงููุชูุฌุฉ ู
ู |
|
|
|
354 |
|
00:29:09,070 --> 00:29:12,010 |
|
Blood Urea Nitrogen ุฅูู Urea |
|
|
|
355 |
|
00:29:17,430 --> 00:29:22,890 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ู
ู ููุง ุฅุฌุชูุง ู 2.14 ูููุง ุงู atopic mass ู ุงู |
|
|
|
356 |
|
00:29:22,890 --> 00:29:33,730 |
|
nitrogen 14 ู ุงู molecular mass ู ุงูููุฑูุง 60.06 ุทุจ |
|
|
|
357 |
|
00:29:33,730 --> 00:29:38,670 |
|
ูู ุญุณุจูุง ุงู atoms ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูููุง ูููุงูู ุงูู ุงู |
|
|
|
358 |
|
00:29:38,670 --> 00:29:44,860 |
|
molecular mass ู ุงูููุฑูุง 60.06 gram per moleุงูุงู |
|
|
|
359 |
|
00:29:44,860 --> 00:29:49,560 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ุดูููุง ุจู ุงู figure ูู ุฃูู ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู urea |
|
|
|
360 |
|
00:29:49,560 --> 00:29:56,060 |
|
ุจุชุญุชูู ุนูู two nitrogen atoms ู ุงู nitrogen atom |
|
|
|
361 |
|
00:29:56,060 --> 00:30:01,780 |
|
ุงููุงุญุฏุฉ ุงุฑุจุนุชุงุด ุจูุนูู ุงู two nitrogen atoms ููุฏููู |
|
|
|
362 |
|
00:30:01,780 --> 00:30:10,390 |
|
ุชู
ุงููุฉ ูุนุดุฑูู gram per moleุชู
ุงู
28 ู
ู ุงู 60.06 |
|
|
|
363 |
|
00:30:10,390 --> 00:30:14,290 |
|
gram per mole ุงููู ูู ุงู molecular mass ุงูููู ู |
|
|
|
364 |
|
00:30:14,290 --> 00:30:19,810 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงู nitrogen ุงููู ุจุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
365 |
|
00:30:19,810 --> 00:30:29,040 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู ุจูู
ุซู 46.6% ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง weightุชู
ุงู
|
|
|
|
366 |
|
00:30:29,040 --> 00:30:34,460 |
|
ูุจูู ุนุดุงู ูุญูู ุฃุณุงุจูุน ุงูุจุซุงู ุนุดุฑุฉ milligram ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
367 |
|
00:30:34,460 --> 00:30:39,540 |
|
blood urea nitrogen ุนุดุงู ูุญูููุง ูููุฑูุง ู
ู
ูู ููุณู
|
|
|
|
368 |
|
00:30:39,540 --> 00:30:49,500 |
|
ุนูู point 466 ุงู ู
ู
ูู ูุถุฑุจ ุจ 2.14 |
|
|
|
369 |
|
00:30:52,220 --> 00:30:58,340 |
|
ูุจูู ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุงูู ุณุชูู point ุณูุฑ ุณุชุฉ ู
ู |
|
|
|
370 |
|
00:30:58,340 --> 00:31:01,520 |
|
ุงูุณุชูู point ุณูุฑ ุณุชุฉ ุนูุฏูุง ุชู
ุงููุฉ ูุนุดุฑูู ูู
|
|
|
|
371 |
|
00:31:01,520 --> 00:31:07,120 |
|
ุงูุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุงู nitrogen ูุจูู ูู ุณุชูู point ุณูุฑ ุณุชุฉ |
|
|
|
372 |
|
00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:14,460 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ููููุง milligram per deciliter of ููุฑูุง ูููู
|
|
|
|
373 |
|
00:31:14,460 --> 00:31:17,120 |
|
ุชู
ุงููุฉ ูุนุดุฑูู milligram per deciliter ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
374 |
|
00:31:17,120 --> 00:31:22,110 |
|
nitrogenูุจูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง 1 milligram per deciliter ู
ู |
|
|
|
375 |
|
00:31:22,110 --> 00:31:25,830 |
|
ุงูููุชูุฌูู ูุจูู ุฅูุฏูุงุด ููููู ุนูุฏูุง ููุฑูุง ุชู
ุงู
ุจูุจูู |
|
|
|
376 |
|
00:31:25,830 --> 00:31:33,850 |
|
60.06 ุถุฑุจ 1 ุนูู 28 ููุทูุน ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู ูู 2.14 ุนุดุงู |
|
|
|
377 |
|
00:31:33,850 --> 00:31:39,070 |
|
ูุญูู ู
ู blood urea nitrogen ู urea ุจุฏูุง ูุถุฑุจ ุจ 2 |
|
|
|
378 |
|
00:31:39,070 --> 00:31:45,880 |
|
.14ุงูุงู ุนุดุงู ูุญูู ู
ู ููุฑูุง ุฒู ูุงู ูุชูุฌุฉ ูุงูุช ุงูู |
|
|
|
379 |
|
00:31:45,880 --> 00:31:51,000 |
|
ูุชูุฌุฉ ุงู ููุฑูุง ู ุจุฏูุง ูุญูููุง ูุจูุฏ ููุฑูุง ููุชุฑุฌู |
|
|
|
380 |
|
00:31:51,000 --> 00:31:57,200 |
|
ุจุฏูุง ูุญูููุง ู ููุชุฑุฌู ูุจูู ุจุฏูุง ูุถุฑุจ point 466 ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
381 |
|
00:31:57,200 --> 00:32:01,100 |
|
ุงู ุงู analytical methods ุงููู ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ูููุงุณ |
|
|
|
382 |
|
00:32:01,100 --> 00:32:08,010 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุงู methods ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูููุง ุงูููุฑููุฒู |
|
|
|
383 |
|
00:32:08,010 --> 00:32:15,190 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุงุฒ ุจูุนู
ู hydrolysis ู ุงูููุฑูุง ู ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
384 |
|
00:32:15,190 --> 00:32:21,410 |
|
ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุจุชุญูู ุงูู ammonium ion ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
385 |
|
00:32:21,410 --> 00:32:27,170 |
|
ูุจูู ุนูุฏูุง ูุฐู ุฃูู ุฎุทูุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง ู
ุน ู
ูู ูู ูุฌูุฏ |
|
|
|
386 |
|
00:32:27,170 --> 00:32:34,150 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุงุฒ ุงูุฒุนูู
ุจูุนุทููู ammonium ion ู ุจูุนุทููู CO3 |
|
|
|
387 |
|
00:32:36,910 --> 00:32:42,110 |
|
ุงูุงู ุจุนุฏ ููู ุงู .. ุงู ammonium ุงููู ูุชุฌุช ู
ู
ูู ููู |
|
|
|
388 |
|
00:32:42,110 --> 00:32:45,090 |
|
ุงูุง ุงูุชุฑ ู
ู method ุงููู ู
ู ุฎูุงููุง ู
ู
ูู ูุนู
ู |
|
|
|
389 |
|
00:32:45,090 --> 00:32:49,970 |
|
detection ู ุงู ammonia ูุนูู ู
ู ุงู methods ุงููู |
|
|
|
390 |
|
00:32:49,970 --> 00:32:55,540 |
|
ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ููุฐู ุงูู methods ุงููู ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ู
ู ุงูู |
|
|
|
391 |
|
00:32:55,540 --> 00:32:59,860 |
|
methods ุงููู ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู ุงูู
ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช ุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู |
|
|
|
392 |
|
00:32:59,860 --> 00:33:05,400 |
|
ammonium ู
ุนุชูู oxyglutarate ูู ูุฌูุฏ enzyme |
|
|
|
393 |
|
00:33:05,400 --> 00:33:10,520 |
|
glutamate dehydrogenase ุจูุนุทููุง glutamate ู H2O |
|
|
|
394 |
|
00:33:10,520 --> 00:33:17,340 |
|
ุงูุขู ูู ูุฐู ุงููู ูู ุงูุฎุทูุฉ ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุชูุงุนูุงููุงุฏ ุฃุชุด |
|
|
|
395 |
|
00:33:17,340 --> 00:33:22,580 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุทุจุนุง ูุนุชุจุฑ common coenzyme ุงููุงุฏ ุฃุชุด ุจุชุญูู |
|
|
|
396 |
|
00:33:22,580 --> 00:33:29,580 |
|
ุฅูู ูุงุฏ ุงูุงู ุทุจ ููู ุจูุนู
ู detection ุงูุงู ุงููุงุฏ ุฃุชุด |
|
|
|
397 |
|
00:33:29,580 --> 00:33:41,920 |
|
absorbs light at 340 nanometer ููู ุงููุงุฏ ูุฃ ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
398 |
|
00:33:41,920 --> 00:33:51,520 |
|
ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงุญูุง ุดููุงุงู absorbance ุนูู 340 ูุจูู ุจูุฐู |
|
|
|
399 |
|
00:33:51,520 --> 00:33:58,460 |
|
ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุงูููุต ูู ุงู absorbance ุจูุนูุณูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
400 |
|
00:33:58,460 --> 00:34:01,520 |
|
ammonium ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูุนูุณูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
401 |
|
00:34:01,520 --> 00:34:08,990 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุชู
ุงู
ุูุฃูู ูู ู
ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
402 |
|
00:34:08,990 --> 00:34:12,850 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ู
ุง ุญุตููุง ุนูู ุงู
ููููู
ุงูู ุงูุชุฑ ุงูุงู |
|
|
|
403 |
|
00:34:12,850 --> 00:34:16,430 |
|
ุงูู
ุนุงุฏูุฉ ุงูุชุงููุฉ ุงูุงู
ููููู
ูุฐู ูู ู
ุง ูุงู ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
404 |
|
00:34:16,430 --> 00:34:20,990 |
|
ุงู
ููููู
ุงูุชุฑ ูู ู
ุนูุงู ููุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูุชุงุฌ |
|
|
|
405 |
|
00:34:20,990 --> 00:34:25,030 |
|
ูglutamate ุงูุชุฑ ูููุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงุณุชููุงู ูู NAD H |
|
|
|
406 |
|
00:34:25,030 --> 00:34:30,690 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ุงูุชุฑ ููุชุญูู ุงูู NAD ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูููู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู |
|
|
|
407 |
|
00:34:30,690 --> 00:34:34,210 |
|
absorbance ุนูู ุชูุงุชู
ูุฉ ู ุงุฑุจุนูู ูุงู ููููุง ุงู NAD H |
|
|
|
408 |
|
00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:43,780 |
|
absorbs light at 340 ููู ุงููุงุฏ ูุฃ ุงูุทุฑููุฉ ุงูุชุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
409 |
|
00:34:43,780 --> 00:34:47,220 |
|
ุงููู ุจุฑุถู ุงููู ุฒู ู
ุง ููููุง ุงูุฎุทูุฉ ุงูุฃููู ุงููุงู |
|
|
|
410 |
|
00:34:47,220 --> 00:34:51,440 |
|
ููุฑูุฒ ู ุชุญููู ุงูููุฑูุง ุงูู ammonium ion ุจุนุฏ ููู |
|
|
|
411 |
|
00:34:51,440 --> 00:34:56,780 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
pH indicator ุชู
ุงู
ู ุงููู ูู ููุนู
ู |
|
|
|
412 |
|
00:34:56,780 --> 00:35:04,780 |
|
ูู color exchange ุฃูุถุง ุทุฑููุฉ ุชุงูุชุฉ conductometric |
|
|
|
413 |
|
00:35:06,220 --> 00:35:13,160 |
|
ุงูู ุจุฑุถู ูุชุชุญูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุฅูู ุงู
ููููู
ู ูู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
414 |
|
00:35:13,160 --> 00:35:16,900 |
|
ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู
ููููู
ุงูุชุฑ ูู ู
ุง ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุฒูุงุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
415 |
|
00:35:16,900 --> 00:35:21,940 |
|
ูู ุงู conductivity ุงููู ูู ู
ุฑูุฑ ุงูุทูุงุฑ ุงูููุฑุจุงุฆู |
|
|
|
416 |
|
00:35:21,940 --> 00:35:27,180 |
|
ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุจูู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงููู ูู ู
ุฑูุฑ ุงู ููุงุณ ุงูุทูุงุฑ |
|
|
|
417 |
|
00:35:27,180 --> 00:35:31,000 |
|
ุงูููุฑุจุงุฆู ุงููู ุจู
ุฑ ูู
ู
ูู ูุนุฑู ูุฏู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู ammonium |
|
|
|
418 |
|
00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:35,700 |
|
ion ุงููู ุงุชูููุชูุฃูู ูู ู
ุง ูุงู ูู ุนูุฏู ููุฑูุง ุฃูุชุฑ |
|
|
|
419 |
|
00:35:35,700 --> 00:35:41,200 |
|
ูู ู
ุง ุฃูุง ู
ุง ูููุชุฌ ุนูุฏู ammonium ion ุฃูุชุฑ ููู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
420 |
|
00:35:41,200 --> 00:35:46,060 |
|
ููุฒูุฏ ุงูุทูุงุฑุฉ ุงูููุฑุจุงุฆู ุงููู ุจูู
ุฑ ู ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
421 |
|
00:35:46,060 --> 00:35:52,110 |
|
ูุนูู ููุงุณู ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูwa conductometerุงูู reference |
|
|
|
422 |
|
00:35:52,110 --> 00:35:58,990 |
|
range ููููุฑูุง ูู ุงู serum ููููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
423 |
|
00:35:58,990 --> 00:36:04,650 |
|
serum ุงููู ูู 6 ุฅูู 20 ู
ููู ุฌุฑุงู
per deciliter ููู |
|
|
|
424 |
|
00:36:04,650 --> 00:36:09,470 |
|
ุนููุฉ ููุฑูู ุชู
ุฌู
ุนูุง ูู
ุฏุฉ 24 ุณุงุนุฉ ุงู 12 ุฅูู 20 ุฌุฑุงู
|
|
|
|
425 |
|
00:36:09,470 --> 00:36:14,050 |
|
per day ูุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงุฐุง ููุง ูุญูู ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู |
|
|
|
426 |
|
00:36:14,050 --> 00:36:18,290 |
|
ุฅูู ููุฑูุง ุจุฏูุง ูุถุฑุจ ุจ 2.14 |
|
|
|
|