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stringlengths 12
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stringlengths 19
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| choices
sequence | answerKey
stringclasses 2
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stringlengths 30
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stringlengths 12
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dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QRQA-10123-1 | If Jim loses a lot of blood from a cut he sustains, what will happen to his blood pressure? | {
"text": [
"it will become lower",
"it will become higher"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If blood volume in the body decreases, blood pressure decreases. | QRSent-10123 | {
"effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "decreases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "blood volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_cause_prop": "blood",
"more_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "blood pressure"
} |
QRQA-10198-3 | If Milo places his coffee into the microwave and heats it up, what will happen to the rate of vibration of the molecules in the drink? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Warmer molecules vibrate faster than cooler ones. | QRSent-10198 | {
"effect_prop": "vibrate",
"cause_dir_str": "warmer",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Warmer molecules"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Higher",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "Rate",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10053-2-flip | John was weighing some materials in his science lab. He observed that as objects had lower density, the heaviness of the objects | {
"text": [
"Increased",
"Decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | A given volume of a denser substance is heavier than the same volume of a less dense substance. | QRSent-10053 | {
"effect_prop": "heavy",
"cause_dir_str": "denser",
"effect_dir_str": "heavier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "density"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "objects",
"more_effect_prop": "heaviness",
"less_effect_prop": "heaviness",
"less_cause_dir": "heaviness"
} |
QRQA-10186-4 | Sally is pulling two wagons. The red wagon is full of sand, and the blue wagon is empty. The wagon that will be more difficult to pull is the | {
"text": [
"red wagon",
"blue wagon"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The full box is harder to move because it has greater mass and therefore greater inertia. | QRSent-10186 | {
"effect_prop": "inertia",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "wagon",
"more_effect_prop": "difficult to pull",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10021-2 | Donald is elderly, and Shane is young. Donald's risk of cardiovascular diseases, compared to Shane's is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled. | QRSent-10021 | {
"effect_prop": "risk of diseases",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "age"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "Shane",
"more_effect_prop": "risk of cardiovascular diseases",
"less_effect_prop": "risk of cardiovascular diseases",
"less_cause_dir": "risk of cardiovascular diseases"
} |
QRQA-10215-3 | If Mona fills up a cup with water and places that water into the freezer, what happens to the density of the water as it cools down? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | When a volume of water is cooled, the molecules move less vigorously, so same number of molecules takes up less space and the water is denser. | QRSent-10215 | {
"effect_prop": "water is denser",
"cause_dir_str": "cooled",
"effect_dir_str": "denser",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "water is cooled"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "density",
"less_effect_prop": "density",
"less_cause_dir": "density"
} |
QRQA-10133-5-flip | Shane wants a field that is very weak. In order do achieve this goal, Shane needs to draw | {
"text": [
"less field lines",
"more field lines"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more field lines that are drawn, the stronger the field. | QRSent-10133 | {
"effect_prop": "strength of field",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "field lines drawn"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "very",
"less_cause_prop": "lines",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "weak",
"less_cause_dir": "weak"
} |
QRQA-10265-2-flip | A very inefficient pair of solar panels will produce | {
"text": [
"little energy",
"a lot of energy"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more efficient a device is, the greater the percentage of usable energy it produces. | QRSent-10265 | {
"effect_prop": "energy produced",
"cause_dir_str": "more efficient",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "efficiency"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "a lot",
"less_effect_dir": "a little",
"less_cause_prop": "pair of solar panels",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10221-3 | As computers have made work easier for people we have had to do | {
"text": [
"more work",
"less work."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | More advanced farming practices allowed a single farmer to grow food for many more people. | QRSent-10221 | {
"effect_prop": "work",
"cause_dir_str": "more advanced",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "technology"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "work",
"less_effect_prop": "work",
"less_cause_dir": "work"
} |
QRQA-10018-2 | If Jim starts exercising and performs more anaerobic exercises, would his muscles get | {
"text": [
"bigger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Anaerobic exercises cause muscles to get bigger and stronger. | QRSent-10018 | {
"effect_prop": "muscles to get bigger",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "bigger and stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Anaerobic exercises"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "bigger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "muscles",
"less_effect_prop": "muscles",
"less_cause_dir": "muscles"
} |
QRQA-10056-5 | Bob's blood glucose levels have increased, which means he should also be producing _____ insulin. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As blood glucose levels decrease, less insulin is produced. | QRSent-10056 | {
"effect_prop": "insulin production",
"cause_dir_str": "decrease",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "glucose levels in blood"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "insulin",
"less_effect_prop": "insulin",
"less_cause_dir": "insulin"
} |
QRQA-10068-5-flip | If America is a poor nation and China is a rich nation, then America's energy usage compared to China's is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | People in the richer nations of the world use far more energy, especially energy from fossil fuels, than people in the poorer nations do. | QRSent-10068 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "richer",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "richer nations"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "nation",
"more_effect_prop": "energy usage",
"less_effect_prop": "energy usage",
"less_cause_dir": "energy usage"
} |
QRQA-10165-1 | Fran stayed indoors while Geremy went in the sun. Who is more likely to get skin cancer? | {
"text": [
"Fran",
"Geremy"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | More UV rays increase skin cancer rates. | QRSent-10165 | {
"effect_prop": "skin cancer rates",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "UV rays"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "indoors",
"more_effect_prop": "likely to get skin cancer",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10205-2 | The rocks that are on the surface of a volcano are | {
"text": [
"young",
"old"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The upper rock layers are much younger. | QRSent-10205 | {
"effect_prop": "age",
"cause_dir_str": "upper",
"effect_dir_str": "younger",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "depth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "old",
"less_effect_dir": "young",
"less_cause_prop": "rock",
"more_effect_prop": "rock",
"less_effect_prop": "rock",
"less_cause_dir": "rock"
} |
QRQA-10310-1 | Compared to sound waves travelling through a cup of boiling water, would sound waves travelling through a cup of ice water move | {
"text": [
"slower",
"faster?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | For a given medium, sound waves travel more slowly at lower temperatures. | QRSent-10310 | {
"effect_prop": "slower speed of sound waves in the medium",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "more slowly",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "lower temperatures in a medium"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_cause_prop": "water",
"more_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_cause_dir": "sound waves"
} |
QRQA-10136-3-flip | John was checking the temperature of the unit. He saw that as the temperature decreased when the level of energy was | {
"text": [
"Greater",
"Lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The temperature of matter increases with the added energy. | QRSent-10136 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "added",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Greater",
"less_effect_dir": "Lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "temperature",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10333-5-flip | If Earth's temperature were to increase, there would be _____ glaciers. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The glaciers on Earth are getting smaller and smaller as Earths temperature rises. | QRSent-10333 | {
"effect_prop": "glaciers",
"cause_dir_str": "rises",
"effect_dir_str": "smaller",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "Earth's average temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "glaciers",
"less_effect_prop": "glaciers",
"less_cause_dir": "glaciers"
} |
QRQA-10386-4 | When we stretch a rubber band to a larger size it gets tough meaning it has | {
"text": [
"more resistance",
"less resistance"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The farther you stretch the band, the greater the resistance is. | QRSent-10386 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "stretch"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10118-3 | Dan is pulling his car up a hill, and wants to pull it with as little force as possible. In order to do this effectively, Dan will need to use how many rope segments | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more rope segments on a pully that are helping to do the lifting work, the less force that is needed for the job. | QRSent-10118 | {
"effect_prop": "force needed",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "rope segments"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "little",
"less_cause_prop": "rope segments",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "force",
"less_cause_dir": "force"
} |
QRQA-10334-3 | Jill was watching her baby as she was breastfeeding it. She noticed that the more that the baby suckled, the amount of prolactin released became | {
"text": [
"Greater",
"Lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more the baby suckles, the more prolactin is released, which causes more milk to be produced. | QRSent-10334 | {
"effect_prop": "prolactin",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "suckles"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Greater",
"less_effect_dir": "Lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "prolactin",
"less_effect_prop": "prolactin",
"less_cause_dir": "prolactin"
} |
QRQA-10166-1 | Peter found a cool rock right under the surface of some dirt. He knew the rock was _____. | {
"text": [
"older",
"younger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Fossils found at the lowest layer of rock would be the oldest, as these would have been buried for the longest time, whereas fossils found closer to the surface would be buried more recently and therefore be younger. | QRSent-10166 | {
"effect_prop": "Age",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "younger",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "Rock"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "older",
"less_effect_dir": "younger",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "age",
"less_effect_prop": "age",
"less_cause_dir": "age"
} |
QRQA-10210-3-flip | When we look at monkeys and humans they have a little matching DNA meaning they are. | {
"text": [
"similar",
"very different"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more similar the DNA molecules of different species are, the closer the relationship is likely to be. | QRSent-10210 | {
"effect_prop": "relationship",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "matching"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "similar",
"less_effect_dir": "very different",
"less_cause_prop": "matching DNA",
"more_effect_prop": "monkeys and humans",
"less_effect_prop": "monkeys and humans",
"less_cause_dir": "monkeys and humans"
} |
QRQA-10227-5 | A group of settlers decided to live close to one aquifer instead of another aquifer because the aquifer they chose was much closer to the surface. Getting water from the aquifer closer to the surface will be | {
"text": [
"easier",
"more difficult."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The closer to the surface an aquifer is, the easier it is to get the water. | QRSent-10227 | {
"effect_prop": "easier",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "easier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closer to the surface"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "easier",
"less_effect_dir": "more difficult",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "water",
"less_effect_prop": "water",
"less_cause_dir": "water"
} |
QRQA-10327-3-flip | Ian is looking at quarks and sees that they are not attracted to each other. Ian knows that the distance between the quarks is currently | {
"text": [
"close",
"distant"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Gluons make quarks attract each other more strongly the farther apart the quarks get. | QRSent-10327 | {
"effect_prop": "distance",
"cause_dir_str": "more strongly",
"effect_dir_str": "farther apart",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "strong attraction"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "distant",
"less_effect_dir": "close",
"less_cause_prop": "quarks",
"more_effect_prop": "distance",
"less_effect_prop": "distance",
"less_cause_dir": "distance"
} |
QRQA-10132-2-flip | Two friends are headed to the beach, Mike and John. Mike is white, and John is black. Both want to make the same amount of vitamin D through sun exposure. The person who will take less time to make the amount of vitamin D is | {
"text": [
"Mike",
"John"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Pigments in the skin act like a filter that can prevent the skin from making vitamin D. As a result, people with darker skin need more time in the sun than people with lighter skin to make the same amount of vitamin D. | QRSent-10132 | {
"effect_prop": "time in the sun to make vitamin D",
"cause_dir_str": "darker",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "dark skin"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "skin",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "time",
"less_cause_dir": "time"
} |
QRQA-10245-5 | Linnie played with a rubber band by pulling at it with her hands. The more she pulled it apart, the _____ the force. | {
"text": [
"weaker",
"stronger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The farther apart you move your hands, the stronger the force of the rubber band pulling your hands together. | QRSent-10245 | {
"effect_prop": "Force pulling hands together",
"cause_dir_str": "farther apart",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Distance between hands"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "force",
"less_effect_prop": "force",
"less_cause_dir": "force"
} |
QRQA-10084-2-flip | As Cindy swam closer to the ocean surface, it got lighter and _____. | {
"text": [
"warmer",
"cooler"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Water density increases as salinity and pressure increase, or as temperature decreases. | QRSent-10084 | {
"effect_prop": "Decreases",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "Water density"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "cooler",
"less_effect_dir": "warmer",
"less_cause_prop": "ocean surface",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10358-3 | Rita and Ira are identical twins of the same size. If Ira is a higher temperature, who has greater thermal energy? | {
"text": [
"Rita",
"Ira"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | If two objects have the same mass, the object with the higher temperature has greater thermal energy. | QRSent-10358 | {
"effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10378-4-flip | When ice melts into water it becomes | {
"text": [
"less dense.",
"more dense"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Water becomes more dense when it is colder and when it has more salt. | QRSent-10378 | {
"effect_prop": "density",
"cause_dir_str": "colder",
"effect_dir_str": "more dense",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "dense",
"less_effect_prop": "dense",
"less_cause_dir": "dense"
} |
QRQA-10175-1 | Mary is taking measurements of the amount of oxygen in samples of water. If she measured the total levels of dissolved oxygen in a sample at 70 degrees fahrenheit and compared it to a sample at 80 degrees fahrenheit, which would contain more dissolved oxygen? | {
"text": [
"80 degrees fahrenheit",
"70 degrees fahrenheit"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Warm water cant hold as much dissolved oxygen as cool water, so an increase in the temperature of water decreases the amount of oxygen it contains. | QRSent-10175 | {
"effect_prop": "dissolved oxygen",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "decrease",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "water temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "fahrenheit",
"more_effect_prop": "dissolved oxygen",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10019-1-flip | What will happen to the amount of elastic potential energy in Jim's rubber band if he expands it? | {
"text": [
"more potential energy",
"less potential energy"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more an elastic object is stretched or compressed, the greater its elastic potential energy is. | QRSent-10019 | {
"effect_prop": "elastic potential energy",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "amount of compression"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "rubber band",
"more_effect_prop": "potential energy",
"less_effect_prop": "potential energy",
"less_cause_dir": "potential energy"
} |
QRQA-10134-3-flip | When you are talking to someone in the desert the sound will travel | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | For a given medium such as air, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures. | QRSent-10134 | {
"effect_prop": "air",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "slower",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "sound",
"less_effect_prop": "sound",
"less_cause_dir": "sound"
} |
QRQA-10388-2 | Milo has been growing his nails out for a very long time. As his nails get longer, what happens to the amount of cells added to them? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As the nail grows, more cells are added at the nail bed. | QRSent-10388 | {
"effect_prop": "cells are added",
"cause_dir_str": "grows",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "nail grows"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "amount of cells",
"less_effect_prop": "amount of cells",
"less_cause_dir": "amount of cells"
} |
QRQA-10284-1 | Carter buries cans of soda in the dirt. The deeper the holes for the cans of soda, the pressure will be | {
"text": [
"lesser",
"greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the rocks move deeper into the Earth, temperature and pressure increase. | QRSent-10284 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "deeper",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "deep"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "cans of soda",
"less_effect_prop": "cans of soda",
"less_cause_dir": "cans of soda"
} |
QRQA-10050-2-flip | If Mona is a smoker, but decides to stop smoking, what happens to the difficulty her lungs experience in removing chemicals from the air? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When a person smokes there are chemicals released by the tobacco that enter the lungs. Because the lungs have to work harder to remove the chemicals, the body has to work harder to get the air needed to survive. | QRSent-10050 | {
"effect_prop": "lungs have to work harder to remove the chemicals",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "harder",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "chemicals released by the tobacco that enter the lungs"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "difficulty",
"less_effect_prop": "difficulty",
"less_cause_dir": "difficulty"
} |
QRQA-10210-4 | If Mona is comparing two species and she notices that their DNA molecules are more similar, what does that tell her about the species relationship? | {
"text": [
"distance relationship",
"close relationship"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more similar the DNA molecules of different species are, the closer the relationship is likely to be. | QRSent-10210 | {
"effect_prop": "closer the relationship",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "similar the DNA molecules"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "close",
"less_effect_dir": "distance",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "species relationship",
"less_effect_prop": "species relationship",
"less_cause_dir": "species relationship"
} |
QRQA-10031-3 | What happens to a light car when it has the same power as a heavy car? | {
"text": [
"accelerates faster",
"accelerates slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The smaller its mass is, the greater its acceleration for a given amount of force. | QRSent-10031 | {
"effect_prop": "acceleration",
"cause_dir_str": "smaller",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "car",
"more_effect_prop": "accelerates",
"less_effect_prop": "accelerates",
"less_cause_dir": "accelerates"
} |
QRQA-10151-2 | Tanya has a substance with mass 10kg. Logan has a substance with mass 5kg. If both substances are the same size, who has the denser substance. | {
"text": [
"Tanya",
"Logan"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If we have two materials with the same volume, the material with a higher mass will be more dense. | QRSent-10151 | {
"effect_prop": "dense",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "materials mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "denser",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "mass",
"more_effect_prop": "substance",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10206-4 | The reason scientists use huge telescopes is because they collect | {
"text": [
"more light",
"less light"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Larger telescopes can collect more light and see finer details than smaller telescopes. | QRSent-10206 | {
"effect_prop": "light collection",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "diameter"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "light",
"less_effect_prop": "light",
"less_cause_dir": "light"
} |
QRQA-10110-3 | Lana is noting that the wind lately has been very strong. Lana can now tell that the air pressures over the Earth's surface have had differences that are | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Differences in air pressure over the surface of the Earth result in wind. The greater the differences in air pressures, the stronger the wind. | QRSent-10110 | {
"effect_prop": "strong wind",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "differences"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "very strong",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "differences",
"more_effect_prop": "wind",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10211-3-flip | Shane wants to get the least resistance out of his wire for his computer, so he gets a wire that is | {
"text": [
"thicker",
"thinner"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The thinner the wire, the more resistance it offers. | QRSent-10211 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "thinner",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "thick"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "least",
"less_cause_prop": "wire",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10392-1-flip | If Jim turns the thermostat up in his room while listening to music, what will happen to the speed of the sound waves in the room? | {
"text": [
"they will speed up",
"they will slow down"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | For a given medium, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures. | QRSent-10392 | {
"effect_prop": "speed of sound",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "slower",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "speed up",
"less_effect_dir": "slow down",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_cause_dir": "sound waves"
} |
QRQA-10089-2-flip | Dave was looking lenses for his new digital camera. He saw on the specifications that the less curved the lens is, the amount of light refracted | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts light. | QRSent-10089 | {
"effect_prop": "refract",
"cause_dir_str": "more curved",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "curved"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "lens",
"more_effect_prop": "light refracted",
"less_effect_prop": "light refracted",
"less_cause_dir": "light refracted"
} |
QRQA-10117-2-flip | If Mona is flying her plane in the stratosphere on a journey and she moves lower in the stratosphere, what happens to the temperatures her plane experiences? | {
"text": [
"they increase",
"they decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, the temperatures increase as altitude increases. | QRSent-10117 | {
"effect_prop": "temperatures",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "altitude"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "plane",
"more_effect_prop": "temperatures",
"less_effect_prop": "temperatures",
"less_cause_dir": "temperatures"
} |
QRQA-10222-1-flip | A person is digging up rocks, and wants to get the newest ones. The person will dig | {
"text": [
"deeper",
"shallower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Older rocks are at the bottom and younger rocks are at the top. | QRSent-10222 | {
"effect_prop": "depth",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "bottom",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "age"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "deeper",
"less_effect_dir": "shallower",
"less_cause_prop": "ones",
"more_effect_prop": "dig",
"less_effect_prop": "dig",
"less_cause_dir": "dig"
} |
QRQA-10201-5-flip | Two planets are drawn to each other in space, however they begin to drift closer over time. As the years press on, the planets will have a gravitation attraction between them that is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As the distance between the objects increases, the force of gravitational attraction decreases. | QRSent-10201 | {
"effect_prop": "gravitational attraction",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "planets",
"more_effect_prop": "gravitational attraction",
"less_effect_prop": "gravitational attraction",
"less_cause_dir": "gravitational attraction"
} |
QRQA-10161-4 | The electron levels closest to the nucleus of an atom have _____ energy than those further away. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As you go farther from the nucleus of an atom, the electron levels have more and more energy. | QRSent-10161 | {
"effect_prop": "energy of the electron levels",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance from the nucleus of an atom"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "electron",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10073-2-flip | Mel stops after running down the street for exercise. As Mel's heart rate decreases, Mel's blood flow | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Warming up exercises increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate. | QRSent-10073 | {
"effect_prop": "heart rate",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "blood flow"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "blood flow",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "heart rate",
"less_cause_dir": "heart rate"
} |
QRQA-10283-3-flip | If Mona is breathing hard and her volume decreases, what happens to the air pressure inside her lungs? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | During inhalation, because the chest volume is larger, the air pressure inside the lungs is lower than the air pressure outside. | QRSent-10283 | {
"effect_prop": "air pressure inside the lungs",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "lower",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "chest volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "volume",
"more_effect_prop": "air pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "air pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "air pressure"
} |
QRQA-10232-3-flip | A planet with a long orbit will take _____ time to revolve around the Sun than one with a small orbit. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The planets further from the Sun will have bigger orbits, and therefore take longer to revolve around the Sun. | QRSent-10232 | {
"effect_prop": "time to revolve around the Sun",
"cause_dir_str": "bigger",
"effect_dir_str": "longer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "orbits"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "orbit",
"more_effect_prop": "time to revolve around the sun",
"less_effect_prop": "time to revolve around the sun",
"less_cause_dir": "time to revolve around the sun"
} |
QRQA-10184-4-flip | If wavelengths become shorter, there will be _____ move past a particular spot. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time. | QRSent-10184 | {
"effect_prop": "wavelengths moving past a particular spot",
"cause_dir_str": "shorter",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "wavelength size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "wavelengths",
"more_effect_prop": "move past",
"less_effect_prop": "move past",
"less_cause_dir": "move past"
} |
QRQA-10238-3-flip | When humans grow trees what happens to the population of the animals in the forest | {
"text": [
"Lower",
"Increase"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The forest habitat of elephants has also decreased in size due to humans moving in, so the numbers of the elephants have decreased. | QRSent-10238 | {
"effect_prop": "elephants",
"cause_dir_str": "decreased",
"effect_dir_str": "decreased",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "forest"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "animals",
"less_effect_prop": "animals",
"less_cause_dir": "animals"
} |
QRQA-10281-3 | A rapid increase in electricity consumption could mean _____ pollution. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | We need to reduce our electricity consumption in order to reduce pollution. | QRSent-10281 | {
"effect_prop": "pollution",
"cause_dir_str": "reduce",
"effect_dir_str": "reduce",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "electricity consumption"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "pollution",
"less_effect_prop": "pollution",
"less_cause_dir": "pollution"
} |
QRQA-10040-1-flip | If Jim decreases the level of sound coming from his speakers it means that the time it would take for him to experience hearing loss would | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The louder the sounds are, the less exposure is needed to cause hearing loss. | QRSent-10040 | {
"effect_prop": "xposure is needed to cause hearing loss",
"cause_dir_str": "louder",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "louder the sounds are"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "sound",
"more_effect_prop": "time",
"less_effect_prop": "time",
"less_cause_dir": "time"
} |
QRQA-10077-1-flip | Since Kim has more melanin than Jennifer, when they lay out in the sun Jennifer's skin is _____ than Kim's. | {
"text": [
"darker",
"lighter"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | However, the melanocytes of people with darker skin produce more melanin. | QRSent-10077 | {
"effect_prop": "Melanin",
"cause_dir_str": "darker",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Darker"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more melanin",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "skin",
"more_effect_prop": "Kim",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10021-2-flip | Donald is elderly, and Shane is young. Shane's risk of cardiovascular diseases, compared to Donald's is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled. | QRSent-10021 | {
"effect_prop": "risk of diseases",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "age"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "Shane",
"more_effect_prop": "risk of cardiovascular diseases",
"less_effect_prop": "risk of cardiovascular diseases",
"less_cause_dir": "risk of cardiovascular diseases"
} |
QRQA-10197-2-flip | If Mona is in space comparing the distance of certain planets from the Sun and she notices that Neptune is closer than Pluto, which planet will have the shorter orbit? | {
"text": [
"Pluto",
"Neptune"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In general, the farther away from the Sun, the greater the distance from one planets orbit to the next. | QRSent-10197 | {
"effect_prop": "distance from one planets orbit to the next",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "away from the Sun"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "shorter",
"less_cause_prop": "distance from the Sun",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "orbit",
"less_cause_dir": "orbit"
} |
QRQA-10118-1-flip | Would it require more strength for a construction worker to move a heavy load of bricks with a pulley that used | {
"text": [
"1 rope segment?",
"10 rope segments"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more rope segments on a pully that are helping to do the lifting work, the less force that is needed for the job. | QRSent-10118 | {
"effect_prop": "force required to move an object with a pulley",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "number of rope segments"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "rope segments",
"more_effect_prop": "strength",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10065-2 | Mercury is closer to the sun than Jupiter. This means that the pull of gravity from the sun on Mercury is | {
"text": [
"stronger",
"weaker."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Objects that are closer together have a stronger force of gravity between them. | QRSent-10065 | {
"effect_prop": "force of gravity",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance between objects"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger pull of gravity",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker pull of gravity",
"less_cause_prop": "Mercury",
"more_effect_prop": "from the sun",
"less_effect_prop": "from the sun",
"less_cause_dir": "from the sun"
} |
QRQA-10205-4-flip | Sarah is looking at layers of rock on a cliff face. She can see that the rock at the very bottom of the cliff are | {
"text": [
"older",
"younger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The upper rock layers are much younger. | QRSent-10205 | {
"effect_prop": "younger",
"cause_dir_str": "upper",
"effect_dir_str": "younger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "upper"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "older",
"less_effect_dir": "younger",
"less_cause_prop": "the cliff",
"more_effect_prop": "rock",
"less_effect_prop": "rock",
"less_cause_dir": "rock"
} |
QRQA-10101-2 | Mona is developing a computerized model to detect changes in weather patterns for her farming business. If she adds computing power to the computer she is using to develop the model, what happens to the chances that model will be correct? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | But the more computing power that goes into the model and the care with which the scientists construct the model can increase the chances that a model will be accurate. | QRSent-10101 | {
"effect_prop": "chances that a model will be accurate",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "computing power that goes into the model"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "accuracy of the model",
"less_effect_prop": "accuracy of the model",
"less_cause_dir": "accuracy of the model"
} |
QRQA-10207-3-flip | If Bob notices an decrease in the amount of solar storms, it would mean there are _____ sunspots. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When there are more sunspots the Sun is more active and there are more solar storms and more of the Sun's energy reaches the Earth. | QRSent-10207 | {
"effect_prop": "solar storms",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "sunspots"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "sunspots",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "storms",
"less_cause_dir": "storms"
} |
QRQA-10346-4 | Tina is diving deeper and deeper into the ocean. What happens to the temperature? | {
"text": [
"it increases",
"it decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Water also gets colder as you go deeper. | QRSent-10346 | {
"effect_prop": "colder water",
"cause_dir_str": "deeper",
"effect_dir_str": "colder",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "deeper"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_cause_dir": "temperature"
} |
QRQA-10016-2 | Ron adds more resistors to his series circuit. The current in his circuit will | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | We also saw that adding resistors to a series circuit increases the total resistance of the circuit, causing the current to decrease. | QRSent-10016 | {
"effect_prop": "current in a circuit",
"cause_dir_str": "adding",
"effect_dir_str": "decrease",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors in a circuit"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "current",
"less_effect_prop": "current",
"less_cause_dir": "current"
} |
QRQA-10005-4 | John was looking at the materials being manipulated. He saw that the more it was compressed the force | {
"text": [
"Increased",
"Decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The elastic force increases the more the material is stretched or compressed. | QRSent-10005 | {
"effect_prop": "force",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "compression"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Increased",
"less_effect_dir": "Decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "force",
"less_effect_prop": "force",
"less_cause_dir": "force"
} |
QRQA-10281-2 | Will decreased his house energy consumption. He has _____ his personal levels of pollution. | {
"text": [
"increased",
"decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | We need to reduce our electricity consumption in order to reduce pollution. | QRSent-10281 | {
"effect_prop": "pollution",
"cause_dir_str": "reduce",
"effect_dir_str": "reduce",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "electricity consumption"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "energy consumption",
"more_effect_prop": "pollution",
"less_effect_prop": "pollution",
"less_cause_dir": "pollution"
} |
QRQA-10102-3 | Dan is comparing a mosquito that has been fossilized to a mosquito that he caught in a net. Since the fossilized mosquito is millions of years old, the similarities between the organisms will be | {
"text": [
"many",
"few"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In general, fossils in older rocks are less similar to modern organisms. | QRSent-10102 | {
"effect_prop": "similar to modern organizms",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "age"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "many",
"less_effect_dir": "few",
"less_cause_prop": "mosquito",
"more_effect_prop": "organism similarities",
"less_effect_prop": "organism similarities",
"less_cause_dir": "organism similarities"
} |
QRQA-10206-2 | Mona is trying to build a telescope that can collect more light then her current one. If she wants to make sure to achieve this goal, what should she do to the size of her telescope? | {
"text": [
"decrease it",
"increase it"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Larger telescopes can collect more light and see finer details than smaller telescopes. | QRSent-10206 | {
"effect_prop": "collect more light",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Larger telescopes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "the size of her telescope",
"more_effect_prop": "collect light",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10300-4 | If Mona is manipulating the wavelengths of her microwave, what happens when she makes the wavelengths shorter? | {
"text": [
"energy decreases",
"energy increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Electromagnetic waves with shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies and more energy. | QRSent-10300 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "shorter",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "shorter wavelengths"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10215-5-flip | When we raise the temperature of water it becomes | {
"text": [
"less dense",
"more dense"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | When a volume of water is cooled, the molecules move less vigorously, so same number of molecules takes up less space and the water is denser. | QRSent-10215 | {
"effect_prop": "density",
"cause_dir_str": "cooled",
"effect_dir_str": "denser",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "dense",
"less_effect_prop": "dense",
"less_cause_dir": "dense"
} |
QRQA-10022-3-flip | Sue is moving from a warm tropical island to a cold city in Canada . The type of vegetation and rate of biological weathering be _____ in Sue's new habitat after she makes the move. | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The warmer a climate is, the more types of vegetation it will have and the greater the rate of biological weathering. | QRSent-10022 | {
"effect_prop": "vegetation / rate of weathering",
"cause_dir_str": "warmer",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "climate"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "city",
"more_effect_prop": "type of vegetation",
"less_effect_prop": "type of vegetation",
"less_cause_dir": "type of vegetation"
} |
QRQA-10140-2 | Jeff has dark skin and stays on the beach with Layla, who has light skin, for 2 hours. Neither use sunblock. Who is likely more sunburned? | {
"text": [
"Jeff",
"Lydia"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Light-skinned people get sunburned more quickly than people with darker skin. | QRSent-10140 | {
"effect_prop": "sunburned",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "more quickly",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "light-skinned people"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "skin",
"more_effect_prop": "sunburned",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10111-1-flip | John was looking at the bases and noticed something. The lower the pH of the substance, the amount of basic it was | {
"text": [
"Increased",
"Decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | For bases we can state the folllowing: The higher the pH of a substance, the more basic it is. | QRSent-10111 | {
"effect_prop": "basic",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pH"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "ph",
"more_effect_prop": "basic",
"less_effect_prop": "basic",
"less_cause_dir": "basic"
} |
QRQA-10206-5 | Roger liked to hike up mountains with his telescope to get away from the lights of the city. This trip, his back is hurting him, so Roger packs a lighter-weight smaller telescope than he normally brings, but opts to climb a higher mountain than usual. In spite of getting away from the city lights and being high atop the mountain, with this smaller telescope, the amount of detail that Roger will be able to see is expected to be | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Larger telescopes can collect more light and see finer details than smaller telescopes. | QRSent-10206 | {
"effect_prop": "light collected",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "telescope size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "telescope",
"more_effect_prop": "able to see",
"less_effect_prop": "able to see",
"less_cause_dir": "able to see"
} |
QRQA-10088-1 | If Jim adds more resistors to the circuit he is building for his school science project, what will happen to the overall resistance of the circuit? | {
"text": [
"it will increase",
"it will decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Increasing the number of resistors in a series circuit increases the overall resistance of the circuit. | QRSent-10088 | {
"effect_prop": "overall resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "increasing",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "number of resistors"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10270-3-flip | When something is very lightweight what does it need to move? | {
"text": [
"more inertia",
"less inertia"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Objects with greater mass have greater inertia. | QRSent-10270 | {
"effect_prop": "inertia",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "something",
"more_effect_prop": "inertia",
"less_effect_prop": "inertia",
"less_cause_dir": "inertia"
} |
QRQA-10174-3-flip | John observed that machines are not very helpful in performing work because they decrease the amount of force, and also make the distance the force is applied | {
"text": [
"Greater",
"Lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Machines make work easier by increasing the amount of force that is applied, increasing the distance over which the force is applied, or changing the direction in which the force is applied. | QRSent-10174 | {
"effect_prop": "distance",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "increasing",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Greater",
"less_effect_dir": "Lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "amount of force",
"more_effect_prop": "distance",
"less_effect_prop": "distance",
"less_cause_dir": "distance"
} |
QRQA-10069-4 | Eric rubs together tissue paper and then sandpaper. The smoother tissue paper has _____ friction than the sandpaper. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Rougher surfaces have more friction between them than smoother surfaces. | QRSent-10069 | {
"effect_prop": "friction between them",
"cause_dir_str": "rougher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "rougher surfaces"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "paper",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10008-5 | If we drop a big ball into a pool there will be _____ water shot out than a small ball. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | So more water is displaced by a bigger body than a smaller one. | QRSent-10008 | {
"effect_prop": "water displaced",
"cause_dir_str": "bigger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "water shot out",
"less_effect_prop": "water shot out",
"less_cause_dir": "water shot out"
} |
QRQA-10264-4-flip | Bob watched the rocket as it shoots into the sky. He sees that as the gases exiting the nozzle go slower, the rocket goes | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The rocket goes upwards because the hot gases shoot downwards out of the nozzle. The faster the gases go downwards, the faster the rocket goes upwards. | QRSent-10264 | {
"effect_prop": "faster",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "gases"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "gases exiting",
"more_effect_prop": "rocket",
"less_effect_prop": "rocket",
"less_cause_dir": "rocket"
} |
QRQA-10283-4 | Will is inhaling and then he exhales. Which stage likely causes greater air pressure in his lungs? | {
"text": [
"inhaling",
"exhaling"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | During inhalation, because the chest volume is larger, the air pressure inside the lungs is lower than the air pressure outside. | QRSent-10283 | {
"effect_prop": "air pressure inside",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "lower",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "chest volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "Will",
"more_effect_prop": "air pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10012-4 | What would happen to the amount of ultraviolet radiation trapped in the atmosphere if the number of greenhouse gases were increased? | {
"text": [
"more would be trapped",
"less would be trapped"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation will be trapped and the Earth will heat up. | QRSent-10012 | {
"effect_prop": "ultraviolet radiation will be trapped",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "greenhouse gases in the atmosphere"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "ultraviolet radiation trapped",
"less_effect_prop": "ultraviolet radiation trapped",
"less_cause_dir": "ultraviolet radiation trapped"
} |
QRQA-10218-3-flip | If current is decreasing, there must be _____ resistance in the circuit. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | We can say that resistance and current in an electric circuit areinversely proportional, because as the one increases, the other decreases, and vice versa. | QRSent-10218 | {
"effect_prop": "current",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "decreasing",
"less_cause_prop": "resistance",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "current",
"less_cause_dir": "current"
} |
QRQA-10061-2-flip | Alan saw Venus through his old telescope. He then looked through his bigger, better telescope. Venus likely appears darker through the | {
"text": [
"smaller telescope",
"bigger telescope"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Larger telescopes can collect more light. | QRSent-10061 | {
"effect_prop": "collect light",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "telescopes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "darker",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "Venus",
"less_cause_dir": "Venus"
} |
QRQA-10230-4-flip | If Mona is building a lens for looking at the stars and she wants to make sure it refracts less light then the one she previously built, will she need to make the surface more or less curved then the one before? | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts the light that passes through it. | QRSent-10230 | {
"effect_prop": "it refracts the light",
"cause_dir_str": "more curved",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "curved the surface of a lens is"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "refracts less light",
"less_cause_prop": "curved",
"more_effect_prop": "the one she previously built",
"less_effect_prop": "lens",
"less_cause_dir": "lens"
} |
QRQA-10197-1 | Compared to the distance between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn, which are far away from the sun, is it more likely that the distance between the orbits of Mercury and Venus, which are closer to the sun than Jupiter and Saturn, are | {
"text": [
"smaller",
"larger?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | In general, the farther away from the Sun, the greater the distance from one planets orbit to the next. | QRSent-10197 | {
"effect_prop": "distance between the orbits of planets",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance from the sun"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "sun",
"more_effect_prop": "orbits",
"less_effect_prop": "orbits",
"less_cause_dir": "orbits"
} |
QRQA-10073-3-flip | Tony wanted to prevent cramps by not warming up. This _____ blood flow to his muscles. | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Warming up exercises increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate. | QRSent-10073 | {
"effect_prop": "blood flow to the muscles",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "warming up exercises"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "up",
"more_effect_prop": "blood flow",
"less_effect_prop": "blood flow",
"less_cause_dir": "blood flow"
} |
QRQA-10279-4-flip | Two planets with very small masses will have a _____ gravitational pull between them than two planets with small masses. | {
"text": [
"stronger",
"weaker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational pull between them. | QRSent-10279 | {
"effect_prop": "gravitational pull between them",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass of two objects"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "masses",
"more_effect_prop": "gravitational pull",
"less_effect_prop": "gravitational pull",
"less_cause_dir": "gravitational pull"
} |
QRQA-10365-4 | Josh is a runner and travels through a rainy area to where it is more sunny. Which area likely experience more chemical weathering? | {
"text": [
"the rainy area",
"the sunny area"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Chemical weathering increases as: Temperature increases: Chemical reactions proceed more rapidly at higher temperatures. | QRSent-10365 | {
"effect_prop": "chemical weathering",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature in atmosphere"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "area",
"more_effect_prop": "chemical weathering",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10242-2-flip | When a country stops manufacturing things they need to have | {
"text": [
"less resources",
"more resources"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Developing nations will also increase demands on natural resources as they build more factories. | QRSent-10242 | {
"effect_prop": "demand for resources",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "factories"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resources",
"less_effect_prop": "resources",
"less_cause_dir": "resources"
} |
QRQA-10109-3-flip | Do gas engine cars pollute more or less than electric engine cars? | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Plug-in hybrids run for a longer time on electricity and so are less polluting than regular hybrids. | QRSent-10109 | {
"effect_prop": "polluting",
"cause_dir_str": "longer",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "engine"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "engine",
"more_effect_prop": "pollute",
"less_effect_prop": "pollute",
"less_cause_dir": "pollute"
} |
QRQA-10277-3-flip | Wendy lives in a country that uses few resources. Which is likely true about the amount of waste produced compared to a developing country? | {
"text": [
"it is more",
"it is less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Increased resource use generally means more waste; electronic waste from developed nations is a growing problem in the developing world. | QRSent-10277 | {
"effect_prop": "waste",
"cause_dir_str": "increased",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "resource use"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "resources",
"more_effect_prop": "amount of waste produced",
"less_effect_prop": "amount of waste produced",
"less_cause_dir": "amount of waste produced"
} |
QRQA-10398-4 | Mona is a scientist studying erosion at a university. She is observing a river. If she starts taking erosion measurements at the mouth of the river and moves up to the head of the river, what will she find happens as the slope gets steeper? | {
"text": [
"erosion decreases",
"erosion increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Water flowing over a steeper slope moves faster and causes more erosion. | QRSent-10398 | {
"effect_prop": "erosion",
"cause_dir_str": "steeper",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "steeper slope"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "erosion",
"less_effect_prop": "erosion",
"less_cause_dir": "erosion"
} |
QRQA-10131-3 | If the citizens of Europe stopped using oil, they should have _____ pollution. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Greater use of oil and other fossil fuels causes more pollution. | QRSent-10131 | {
"effect_prop": "pollution",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "use of oil"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "using oil",
"more_effect_prop": "pollution",
"less_effect_prop": "pollution",
"less_cause_dir": "pollution"
} |
QRQA-10307-3-flip | Less oxygen absorption means _____ oxygen in the blood. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Smoking reduces the amount of oxygen available for diffusion at the lungs, so less oxygen gets absorbed and blood is oxygenated to a lesser degree. | QRSent-10307 | {
"effect_prop": "blood oxygenation",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "lesser",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "oxygen absorption"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "oxygen absorption",
"more_effect_prop": "oxygen in the blood",
"less_effect_prop": "oxygen in the blood",
"less_cause_dir": "oxygen in the blood"
} |
QRQA-10332-2 | Lead has a _____ melting point than steel because it has more branching. | {
"text": [
"lower",
"higher"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more branching there is in isomers, the lower the boiling and melting points are. | QRSent-10332 | {
"effect_prop": "melting",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "lower",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "branching"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "melting point",
"less_effect_prop": "melting point",
"less_cause_dir": "melting point"
} |
QRQA-10290-1-flip | Ron was playing with a flashlight. He moved it back and forth slowly, and then quickly. Which motion likely caused less light to bend? | {
"text": [
"the slow motion",
"the quick motion"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | In refraction of light, the greater the change in speed, the more light bends. | QRSent-10290 | {
"effect_prop": "bending of light",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "change in speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "flashlight",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "light to bend",
"less_cause_dir": "light to bend"
} |
QRQA-10363-1 | Jeff is exercising his muscles at the gym. Over time his muscles will grow | {
"text": [
"bigger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Muscles that are exercised are bigger and stronger than muscles that are not exercised. | QRSent-10363 | {
"effect_prop": "bigger and stronger than muscles that are not exercised",
"cause_dir_str": "exercised",
"effect_dir_str": "bigger and stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "exercised muscles"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "bigger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "muscles",
"less_effect_prop": "muscles",
"less_cause_dir": "muscles"
} |
QRQA-10338-3-flip | Kate is going to diffuse a liquid and a gas. The liquid is diffused last, because the particles with it are | {
"text": [
"closer together",
"further apart"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This is also called diffusion, and the process is much faster in gases than in liquids, because the particles in gases are further apart. | QRSent-10338 | {
"effect_prop": "distance",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "further apart",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "further apart",
"less_effect_dir": "closer together",
"less_cause_prop": "liquid",
"more_effect_prop": "particles",
"less_effect_prop": "particles",
"less_cause_dir": "particles"
} |
QRQA-10388-4 | If a nail bed's cells are _____ , the nail is growing. | {
"text": [
"decreasing",
"increasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the nail grows, more cells are added at the nail bed. | QRSent-10388 | {
"effect_prop": "cells added at the nail bed",
"cause_dir_str": "grows",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "growth of a nail"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "added",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "growing",
"more_effect_prop": "cells",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |