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Is Dijkstras algorithm a greedy algorithm or dynamic programming algorithm | A greedy algorithm. | classification |
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is HR a great career | yes | open_qa |
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Based on the following paragraph on astrobiology, what is the Viking program? | The modern field of astrobiology can be traced back to the 1950s and 1960s with the advent of space exploration, when scientists began to seriously consider the possibility of life on other planets. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, which marked the beginning of the Space Age. This event led to an increase in the study of the potential for life on other planets, as scientists began to consider the possibilities opened up by the new technology of space exploration. In 1959, NASA funded its first exobiology project, and in 1960, NASA founded the Exobiology Program, now one of four main elements of NASA's current Astrobiology Program. In 1971, NASA funded Project Cyclops, part of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, to search radio frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum for interstellar communications transmitted by extraterrestrial life outside the Solar System. In the 1960s-1970s, NASA established the Viking program, which was the first US mission to land on Mars and search for metabolic signs of present life; the results were inconclusive. | The Viking program, established by NASA in the 1960s to 1970s, was the first US mission with the goal to land on Mars and search for metabolic signs of present life. | closed_qa |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Claves, Rabeca | Rabeca is string, Claves is percussion. | classification |
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What is the capital of the united kingdom? | London is the capital of the united kingdom. | general_qa |
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Bikes are very diverse and have different geometries based on your riding styles. For example a road bike will have a forward leaning geometry and a mountain bike will be more upright. Furthermore you will consider the components and parts that are worth paying for. Bikes can be really expensive for features you may or may not use. Consider buying a base frame with the right geometry and then customizing parts like shocks or handlebars for your specific needs. There are many brands that carry stock frames and demoing a few will really help you understand the one that works for your body structure and application. | Local bike shops have a range of bicycle frames and parts. You can ask the knowledgable mechanic or bike groups about recommendations for the kind of riding you'd like to pursue. It's most important to find a bike that works for your body type and size. The highest end bikes won't even be enjoyable if you don't feel confident on that frame geometry. | general_qa |
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Classify these animals as either a reptile or an amphibian | crocodile, snake, alligator, frog, salamander | classification |
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What are the 5 points of sail? | The 5 points of sail in order from closest to furthest from the vessel: Close Haul, Close Reach, Beam Reach, Broad Reach, Running Free. | general_qa |
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Categorize the below names into fishes and insects.
salmon, ant, bee, rohu, pike, wasp, beetle, carp, butterfly, cod, moth | Insects - ant, bee, wasp, beetle, butterfly, moth
Fish - salmon, rohu, carp, pike, cod | classification |
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What is the meaning of 'akamai'? | The company was named after akamai, which means 'clever,' or more colloquially, 'cool' in Hawaiian, which Lewin had discovered in a Hawaiian-English dictionary after the suggestion of a colleague. | clever | closed_qa |
Describe some different ways to stop your car from being stolen? | Here are some suggestions to reduce the chances of your car being stolen. Firstly, you can always try to park the car in a secure location, secondly security items such as steering wheel locks are known to help reduce the chance of car theft. Lastly, you can also install a car alarm system, and if that is too expensive or difficult to retrofit, there are companies who sell the security stickers for cars that state that the car has GPS tracking, which may also deter a potential car thief. | brainstorming |
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Q: Is hand sanitizer effective against COVID-19? | A: One of the best ways to prevent the spread of infections and decrease the risk of getting sick is by washing your hands with plain soap and water, advises the CDC. Washing hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds is essential, especially after going to the bathroom; before eating; and after coughing, sneezing, or blowing one’s nose. If soap and water are not available, CDC recommends consumers use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.
To stay informed, visit the FDA’s Hand Sanitizers and COVID-19 page. Also, take our hand sanitizer quiz. | general_qa |
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What is a group of bunnies called? | A group of bunnies is called a fluffle. | open_qa |
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Provide a summary of Oliver Cromwell Applegate's career and later years. | Captain Oliver Cromwell Applegate (June 11, 1845 – October 11, 1938) was an American politician, newspaper editor, and Indian agent in the U.S. state of Oregon. A member of the Applegate family that helped open the Applegate Trail, he was raised in Southern Oregon where he later was in charge of the Klamath Indian Reservation. He worked as a scout during the Modoc War, was an Indian agent for all of Oregon, and was editor of the Ashland Tidings and the Klamath Republican.
Early years
Oliver Applegate was born in a log cabin in Yamhill District, in what is now Polk County, Oregon, on June 11, 1845. At the time the area was part of the Oregon Country, but in 1848 became part of the Oregon Territory. He was the sixth son and seventh child of the well-known pioneer, Lindsay Applegate, a native of Kentucky, and his wife, Elizabeth (Miller) Applegate, who was born in Tennessee in 1816. Lindsay Applegate was one of the leaders of the Great Migration of 1843 which Americanized Oregon and was prominent in the early Indian wars, and as an explorer.
When Oliver Applegate was five years old, the family moved to the Yoncalla Valley in middle western Oregon; there were only three or four other families in that region at that time besides the Applegate contingent, which consisted of the brothers, Charles, Lindsay and Jesse, and their families.
The system of common schools was rudimentary then, and their continuity could not be depended upon for more than a few weeks or months in each year. The Applegate families were fairly well supplied with books, however, to supplement the otherwise meager opportunities for education, and as a rule the scions of these strong frontiersmen availed themselves of every opportunity offered to inform their minds, as well as to become accomplished horsemen, efficient in the use of the rifle and otherwise prepared for the border wars which were liable to occur at any time with the aboriginal inhabitants of the country.
In 1860 the family removed to the Siskiyou Mountains near the California boundary, Lindsay Applegate having become owner of the toll road over the mountains, and in 1862, removed to Ashland, Oregon, which continued to be the family home for many years.
Career
During the winter of 1862, Oliver attended the district school in Ashland, and the next spring received a certificate and in the ensuing fall became the teacher, and for four successive winters, conducted the Ashland school. In the spring of 1863, he became a member of an independent military company, the only one in Southern Oregon, a cavalry company known as the "Mountain Rangers," to which many of the leading citizens of the country belonged. He served as a private in this company the first year, the second year as a sergeant and in the third year was chosen captain, receiving his commissions before he had reached his twentieth year from Addison C. Gibbs, the old war governor of Oregon.
In 1865, his father was appointed United States Indian Agent over the Klamaths and Modocs at Fort Klamath. According to the treaty of 1864, the Indians were to be gathered on the Klamath Reservation. The fort was the only place east of the Cascades in that immediate region where there were any white people . The younger Applegate was appointed assistant to the agent, and that was the beginning of a service that lasted for several years, under various agency administrations, during which time he gained influence over the tribes of southeastern Oregon, which he used to good advantage later when the Modoc outbreak of 1872 occurred. This influence probably more than any other agency resulted finally in the conversion of the most resistant of the Indian tribes into farmers and stockmen.
When 21 years of age, Applegate had charge of a unique company of scouts, called the "Ax and Rifle Company," because every man carried an ax as well as a rifle. This company consisted of fifty men, the captain the only white man, while different chiefs of the various tribes ranked as lieutenants and sergeants. They cleared the way through the pine forests for a great wagon train of provisions and beef cattle that came down to the Klamath agency from The Dalles, marking the first step in the commencement of operations under the treaty of 1864 for the benefit of the southeastern tribes of Oregon. This was during the war with the Snake or Paiute Indians.
For some time before the Modoc outbreak of 1872, Applegate had charge of Yainax sub-agency, forty miles west of the headquarters' agency, then under supervision of Agent Laroy S. Dyar. Near Yainax was located the main band of the Modocs. under the famous old Chief Schonchin, and with him were to be domiciled the turbulent bands under the Modoc chieftain, Captain Jack. The story of how Captain Jack and his band refused to come onto the reservation, and the subsequent events, make up the history of the Modoc War. Applegate played a prominent part in the bloody drama.
In 1873, he became a U.S. Commissioner with jurisdiction committed against the federal law locally.
In 1876, some of Applegate's friends asked to have him appointed general Indian agent for Oregon, assuming that in such a way his unusual experience in the management of Indian affairs could be used to good purpose in promoting progressive conditions to the several agencies in the state. Ex-Senator Nesmith, who was himself a Democrat, was an ardent advocate of the plan and wrote as follows, to Hon. Zach Chandler, Grant's Secretary of the Interior, with whom he had served in the U.S. Senate: "Mr. Applegate is a gentleman of culture and ability, and, unlike myself, he is a prominent Republican and is as honest as is possible for a man to be possessing his perverted political notions. You will pardon me, I know, for proposing appointments to an administration which I do not indorse, but I do so in order to promote the reforms which you have so happily inaugurated." In 1898, Applegate took charge of the Klamath Reservation as United States Indian agent, and served as such for five years. Congress then discontinued the position of agent and he was appointed bonded superintendent of the agency and training school, a position which he resigned after serving two years.
During this period of seven years he helped establish Indian claims to over half a million dollars for lands excluded from the reservation by erroneous boundary surveys, and developed comprehensive plans for irrigation and drainage, which added to the wealth of the reservation, an area approximating in size the state of Delaware.
He was identified with various enterprises looking to the development of southern Oregon, and had a reputation as a writer of both prose and verse.
Later years and family
Applegate served as editor of the Ashland Tidings starting in 1878, and later edited the Klamath Republican.
In 1878, Applegate was married to Miss Ella Anderson, a daughter of Rev. Jesse Marion Anderson, a pioneer Methodist minister, who was widely known in southern Oregon as a man of ability and worth. The bride, like the groom, was a native of Oregon, having been born in the territory in 1855. They had three sons and three daughters. Frank Lindsay, the oldest, was born October 10, 1879; Annie Elizabeth, September 13, 1881; Laroy Gilbert, August 19, 1885; Rachel Emma, November 23, 1887; Jennie Margaret, April 5, 1894; and Oliver C., Jr., July 5, 1896. As of 1912, Applegate resided at Klamath Falls, Klamath County, Oregon. In politics, he was a Republican and a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Chicago in 1892. Oliver C. Applegate died on October 11, 1938, at the age of 93. He is the namesake of Applegate Peak in Crater Lake National Park. | Oliver spent his early career as a teacher at the Ashland school as well as a member of the Mountain Rangers. He quickly rose through the ranks starting as a private and moved to captain in 3 years.
In 1865, Oliver was appointed assistant to the United States Indian Agent, who also happened to be his father. From there, Oliver spent several years working under multiple agency administrations which allowed him to gain influence over the tribes of southeastern Oregon. The influence he gained would proved to be beneficial when the Modoc outbreak in 1872 happened. This led to the conversion of the most resistant Indian Tribes to farmers and stockmen.
In 1876, friends of Oliver Applegate wanted him to use his experience, from working with Indian affairs, to be appointed general Indian Agent for Oregon. In 1989, Applegate became the United States Indian Agent of the Klamath Reservation until Congress discontinued the position 5 years later.
In 1878, Applegate started a position as Editor of the Ashland Tidings and married Miss Ella Anderson. Oliver Applegate had 6 kids between 1879 and 1896. | summarization |
Tell me some common options for losing weight | Eat less, reduce carb intake, increase protein intake, do steady-state cardio, do HIIT, lift weights, take supplements. | brainstorming |
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What is Indian Premier League? | The Indian Premier League (IPL) (also known as the TATA IPL for sponsorship reasons) is a men's Twenty20 (T20) cricket league held annually in India and contested by ten city-based franchise teams. The league was founded by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. Brijesh Patel is the incumbent chairman of the IPL. The competition is usually held annually in summer (between March and May) and has an exclusive window in the ICC Future Tours Programme, meaning that less international cricket take place during the IPL seasons. | The Indian Premier League is a men's T20 cricket league held annually in India and it was founded by Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. | information_extraction |
Given this paragraph, what is Peru's most popular tourist attraction and how many people visit it every year? | Machu Picchu is both a cultural and natural UNESCO World Heritage Site. Since its rediscovery in 1911, growing numbers of tourists have visited the site each year, with numbers exceeding 1.4 million in 2017. As Peru's most visited tourist attraction, and a major revenue generator, it is continually exposed to economic and commercial forces. In the late 1990s, the Peruvian government granted concessions to allow the construction of a cable car and a luxury hotel, including a tourist complex with boutiques and restaurants and a bridge to the site. Many people protested the plans, including Peruvians and foreign scientists, saying that more visitors would pose a physical burden on the ruins. In 2018, plans were restarted to again construct a cable car to encourage Peruvians to visit Machu Picchu and boost domestic tourism. A no-fly zone exists above the area. UNESCO is considering putting Machu Picchu on its List of World Heritage in Danger. | Machu Picchu is Peru's most visited tourist attraction, and a considerable number of people visit it every year. My data shows 1.4 million people visited Machu Picchu in the year 2017. | closed_qa |
Give me a proof that the square root of 2 is irrational | Here is a proof by contradiction that the square root of 2 is irrational. First, recall that irrational numbers are numbers that cannot be written as p / q for integers p and q. Assume for contradiction that the square root of 2 is rational, which would mean that sqrt(2) = p / q for some integers p and q. Further assume without loss of generality that this fraction is in reduced form, meaning that p and q share no common factors. We can assume this because any integer fraction can be written in such a reduced form, so the existence of any rational representation for sqrt(2) would imply the existence of one in reduced form. Now we square both sides of the above equation, yielding
2 = p^2 / q^2
for some integers p and q not sharing any common factors. Now multiply by q^2 to get
2 * q^2 = p^2
Note that the left hand side is even due to the factor of 2, so the right hand side p^2 is even as well. This means that p must be even as well, otherwise p^2 would not be even. So p can be written as 2 * x for some integer x. Substituting this into the above equation, we get
2 * q^2 = (2 * x)^2 = 2^2 * x^2
Note that both sides of the equation have a factor of 2 we can cancel. Doing this, we get
q^2 = 2 * x^2
By an argument analogous to the one above, we can conclude that q is even. However this contradicts our assumption that p and q shared no common factors. Therefore our initial assumption that sqrt(2) is rational was false, which is what we set out to prove. | creative_writing |
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What are the main functions on a DSLR camera that affect the correct the exposure of an image? | In photography, exposure value (EV) is a number that represents a combination of a camera's shutter speed and f-number, such that all combinations that yield the same exposure have the same EV (for any fixed scene luminance). Exposure value is also used to indicate an interval on the photographic exposure scale, with a difference of 1 EV corresponding to a standard power-of-2 exposure step, commonly referred to as a stop.
The EV concept was developed by the German shutter manufacturer Friedrich Deckel in the 1950s (Gebele 1958; Ray 2000, 318). Its intent was to simplify choosing among equivalent camera exposure settings by replacing combinations of shutter speed and f-number (e.g., 1/125 s at f/16) with a single number (e.g., 15). On some lenses with leaf shutters, the process was further simplified by allowing the shutter and aperture controls to be linked such that, when one was changed, the other was automatically adjusted to maintain the same exposure. This was especially helpful to beginners with limited understanding of the effects of shutter speed and aperture and the relationship between them. But it was also useful for experienced photographers who might choose a shutter speed to stop motion or an f-number for depth of field, because it allowed for faster adjustment—without the need for mental calculations—and reduced the chance of error when making the adjustment. | If a DSLR camera is not set to 'Automatic' mode, there are 3 primary functions that need to be considered when deciding on the correct exposure for your image.
1) the Aperture - how wide the aperture on the lens is set determines how much light can pass through the aperture. A small aperture (e.g. f/16) allows less light to reach the sensor as opposed to a wide aperture (e.g f/2.4).
2) the Shutter Speed - how long the shutter is allowed to remain open after you depress the release on the camera. A short exposure time (e.g. 1/1000 sec) will allow less light to hit the cameras sensor whilst a long exposure (e.g. 1/4 sec) will let more light hit the sensor
3) the ISO setting - this setting is used to control how sensitive the sensor is to light hitting it. A low ISO setting (e.g. ISO 200) is much less sensitive than a high ISO setting (e.g. ISO 1600) which means less light is required to capture the for the image on the sensor.
All 3 of these functions work in tandem to ensure the correct exposure value is created based on the image and effect you are trying to create. | closed_qa |
Which companies did Theranos partner with in 2015? | In 2012 Safeway invested $350 million into retrofitting 800 locations with clinics that would offer in-store blood tests. After many missed deadlines and questionable results from a trial clinic at Safeway's corporate offices, the deal was terminated in 2015. In 2013, Theranos partnered with Walgreens to offer in-store blood tests at more than 40 locations. Although Theranos blood tests were reportedly used on drug trial patients for GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer, both companies stated that there were no active projects with Theranos in October 2015. In June 2016, Walgreens terminated its partnership with Theranos. In November 2016 it filed suit against Theranos in federal court in Delaware for breach of contract. In June 2017, Theranos reported to investors that the suit, which originally sought $140 million in damages, was settled for less than $30 million.
In March 2015 the Cleveland Clinic announced a partnership with Theranos to test its technology and decrease the cost of lab tests. In July 2015, Theranos became the lab-work provider for Pennsylvania insurers AmeriHealth Caritas and Capital Blue Cross.
In July 2015 the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of the company's fingerstick blood testing device for the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) outside a clinical laboratory setting. Theranos was named the 2015 Bioscience Company of the Year by the Arizona BioIndustry Association (AzBio). | Theranos partnered with Cleveland Clinic in March 2015 to test its technology and decrease the cost of lab tests. In July 2015, Theranos became the lab-work provider for Pennsylvania insurers AmeriHealth Caritas and Capital Blue Cross. | closed_qa |
You and your friends are discussing the best tier ratings of common London-based football teams. You are trying to determine whether Chelsea F.C., Arsenal F.C., Tottenham Hotspur F.C., West Ham United F.C., Fulham F.C. and Crystal Palace F.C. are considered by fans to be the 'best', 'ok' and 'worst'. | best: Tottenham Hotspur F.C.
ok: Chelsea F.C., West Ham United F.C., Fulham F.C. and Crystal Palace F.C.
worst: Arsenal F.C. | classification |
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What is the month of Ramadan? | Ramadan is a month in the Islamic Hijri Calendar. During this month Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. While fasting, Muslims abstain from eating, drinking as well as sexual interaction. They are encouraged to do as many good deeds as they could during the month such as giving away food, money, clothes etc. It is also a month of prayers, rituals and community. Right after Ramadan comes Eid el Fitr which is one of the two biggest celebrations that Muslims observe during the year. | general_qa |
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Name China's greatest events happened when Jiang was in charge | Jiang Zemin (17 August 1926 – 30 November 2022) was a Chinese politician who served as general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1989 to 2002, as chairman of the Central Military Commission from 1989 to 2004, and as president of China from 1993 to 2003. Jiang was paramount leader of China from 1989 to 2002. He was the core leader of the third generation of Chinese leadership, one of four core leaders alongside Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Xi Jinping.
Born in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, Jiang joined the CCP while he was in college. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, he received training at the Stalin Automobile Works in Moscow in the 1950s, later returning to Shanghai in 1962 to serve in various institutes, later being sent between 1970-1972 to Romania as part of an expert team to establish machinery manufacturing plants in the country. After 1979, he was appointed as the vice chair of two commissions by vice premier Gu Mu to oversee the newly-established special economic zones (SEZs). He became the vice minister of the newly-established Ministry of Electronics Industry and a member of the CCP Central Committee in 1982.
Jiang was appointed as the mayor of Shanghai in 1985, later being promoted to its Communist Party secretary, as well as a member of the CCP Politburo, in 1987. Jiang came to power unexpectedly as a compromise candidate following the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, when he replaced Zhao Ziyang as CCP general secretary after Zhao was ousted for his support for the student movement. As the involvement of the "Eight Elders" in Chinese politics steadily declined, Jiang consolidated his hold on power to become the "paramount leader" in the country during the 1990s. Urged by Deng Xiaoping's southern tour in 1992, Jiang officially introduced the term "socialist market economy" in his speech during the 14th CCP National Congress held later that year, which accelerated "opening up and reform".
Under Jiang's leadership, China experienced substantial economic growth with the continuation of market reforms. The returning of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom in 1997 and of Macau from Portugal in 1999, and entry into the World Trade Organisation in 2001, were landmark moments of his era. China also witnessed improved relations with the outside world, while the Communist Party maintained its tight control over the state. Jiang faced criticism over human rights abuses, including the crackdown on the Falun Gong movement. His contributions to party doctrine, known as the "Three Represents", were written into the CCP constitution in 2002. Jiang gradually vacated his official leadership titles from 2002 to 2005, being succeeded in these roles by Hu Jintao, although he and his political faction continued to influence affairs until much later. On 30 November 2022, Jiang died from leukemia and multiple organ failure in Shanghai. | The returning of Hong Kong and Macau, and joining WTO | closed_qa |
What's the origin of Dog Day Afternoon? | Dog Day Afternoon is a 1975 American biographical crime drama film directed by Sidney Lumet and produced by Martin Bregman and Martin Elfand. The film stars Al Pacino, John Cazale, James Broderick, and Charles Durning. The screenplay is written by Frank Pierson and is based on the Life magazine article "The Boys in the Bank" by P. F. Kluge and Thomas Moore. The feature chronicled the 1972 robbery and hostage situation led by John Wojtowicz and Salvatore Naturile at a Chase Manhattan branch in Brooklyn. | This is a real incident that happened in NY in the mid-70s. It's about this man (played by Al Pacino) who's married to a woman. But then he also fell in love with a man. His partner said he's trapped in the wrong body. So, Al Pacino decided to rob a bank to get money for his partner's sex change. | closed_qa |
In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Tarly? | House Tarly's ancestry can be linked to Harlon the Hunter, who built the Horn Hill castle with his twin brother Herndon of the Horn. | open_qa |
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What are some ways to avoid social engineering attacks? | 1. Educate yourself and your employees: Train yourself and your employees to recognize social engineering attacks and how to respond to them.
2. Be suspicious of unsolicited messages: If you receive a message that you were not expecting, be suspicious and verify the sender's identity before responding.
3. Use strong passwords and two-factor authentication: Use strong passwords and enable two-factor authentication to protect your accounts from unauthorized access.
4. Keep your software up to date: Keep your software and operating system up to date with the latest security patches to prevent vulnerabilities that attackers can exploit.
5. Use anti-virus and anti-malware software: Use anti-virus and anti-malware software to protect your devices from malicious software that can be used in social engineering attacks.
6. Be cautious of public Wi-Fi: Avoid using public Wi-Fi networks for sensitive activities, such as online banking or accessing confidential information. | brainstorming |
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What are the debt securities? | Debt securities are financial assets that define the terms of a loan between an issuer (the borrower) and an investor (the lender). The terms of a debt security typically include the principal amount to be returned upon maturity of the loan, interest rate payments, and the maturity date or renewal date. | open_qa |
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Mahatma Gandhi gave a slogan on Aug 8, 1942 .What was the slogan? | Do or Die for Independence | open_qa |
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Extract the sorting algorithms mentioned in the following paragraph. | While there are a large number of sorting algorithms, in practical implementations a few algorithms predominate. Insertion sort is widely used for small data sets, while for large data sets an asymptotically efficient sort is used, primarily heapsort, merge sort, or quicksort. Efficient implementations generally use a hybrid algorithm, combining an asymptotically efficient algorithm for the overall sort with insertion sort for small lists at the bottom of a recursion. Highly tuned implementations use more sophisticated variants, such as Timsort (merge sort, insertion sort, and additional logic), used in Android, Java, and Python, and introsort (quicksort and heapsort), used (in variant forms) in some C++ sort implementations and in .NET.
For more restricted data, such as numbers in a fixed interval, distribution sorts such as counting sort or radix sort are widely used. Bubble sort and variants are rarely used in practice, but are commonly found in teaching and theoretical discussions.
When physically sorting objects (such as alphabetizing papers, tests or books) people intuitively generally use insertion sorts for small sets. For larger sets, people often first bucket, such as by initial letter, and multiple bucketing allows practical sorting of very large sets. Often space is relatively cheap, such as by spreading objects out on the floor or over a large area, but operations are expensive, particularly moving an object a large distance – locality of reference is important. Merge sorts are also practical for physical objects, particularly as two hands can be used, one for each list to merge, while other algorithms, such as heapsort or quicksort, are poorly suited for human use. Other algorithms, such as library sort, a variant of insertion sort that leaves spaces, are also practical for physical use. | Insertion sort, heap sort, merge sort, quick sort, timsort, radix sort, bubble sort, bucket sort, library sort, and hybrid algorithms combining multiple sort algorithms. | information_extraction |
How did Rotisserie baseball become popular? | Rotisserie baseball, nicknamed roto, proved to be popular despite the difficulties of compiling statistics by hand, which was an early drawback to participation. The traditional statistics used in early rotisserie leagues were often chosen because they were easy to compile from newspaper box scores or weekly information published in USA Today.[citation needed] Okrent credits the idea's rapid spread to the fact that the initial league was created by sports journalists, telling Vanity Fair in 2008 that "most of us in the league were in the media, and we got a lot of press coverage that first season. The second season, there were rotisserie leagues in every Major League press box." According to Okrent, rotisserie baseball afforded sportswriters the opportunity to write about baseball-related material during the 1981 Major League Baseball strike, saying "the writers who were covering baseball had nothing to write about, so they began writing about the teams they had assembled in their own leagues. And that was what popularized it and spread it around very, very widely." | Rotisserie baseball became popular because it allowed sportswriters to write about baseball during the 1981 Major League Baseball strike. | summarization |
What is the Phillips curve? | In economics, the Phillips curve is the short-run tradeoff between the unemployment rate and inflation. The relationship implies a negative correlation such that an increase in the unemployment rate is associated with a decrease in wage rate. Conversely, during times in which the unemployment rate is quite low (strong demand for labor) the growth of wages is typically observed to be quite high, or increasing. While this phenomenon has been observed in the short-run there are some periods in which the relationship does not hold. | open_qa |
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Where is the band Portugal. The Man originally from? | The band members are originally from Wasilla, Alaska | open_qa |
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What is the difference between a fried egg prepared "sunny-side-up" and an egg prepared "over-easy"? | "Sunny-side-up" refers to an egg that is fried only on one side and then removed from the pan. "Over-easy" refers to a fried egg that is briefly flipped and cooked on the other side, but not so long that the yolk becomes hardened. | open_qa |
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I dont think I should pursue higher education. From the following, what are some pros and cons of getting a masters education?
degree to show mastery of a subject
Takes money
Hard work is required
Losing out on entrepreneurial opportunities by the time spent studying
degree to show mastery of a subject
skill development
Time away from family
Set you up for lifelong success
respect in society | Pros:
skill development
respect in society
degree to show mastery of a subject
Set you up for lifelong success
Cons:
Takes money
Hard work is required
Time away from family
Losing out on entrepreneurial opportunities by the time spent studying | classification |
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Which of these are ski mountains and which are deserts: Killington, Stowe, Sahara, Kalahari, Palisades, Gobi, Northstar, and Kirkwood. | The deserts include: Sahara, Kalahari, and Gobi. The ski resorts are: Killington, Stowe, Palisades, Northstar, and Kirkwood. | classification |
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Should I become an influencer? | It is important to consider several factors when thinking about becoming an influencer. Influencers usually have a defined niche, and can make up to six figures or more creating content about it. However, at least in the beginning, your income will likely not come in a steady manner, and you may even be investing more into getting set up than you may be earning in return. The work happens in a freelance manner - if you like setting your own schedule this could appeal to you, but the flip side would be that your work bleeds more into your weekends and evenings. Some people also would love the idea of pursuing their hobbies and interest full time, but when they have to treat it as their job, soon become disenchanted.
In summary, your decision to become an influencer should be based on your financial situation, risk tolerance, and personal working style and interests. | open_qa |
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What is a verb? | A verb is a word that describes what the subject of a sentence is doing. Verbs can indicate (physical or mental) actions, occurrences, and states of being. | open_qa |
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Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Monkey stick, Tzouras | Monkey stick is percussion, Tzouras is string. | classification |
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Provide for me, in a bulleted list, seven sports that have been removed from the Olympics | Here are seven sports that were once Olympic sports but have since been removed:
- One Hand Weightlifting
- Croquet
- Tug-of-war
- Duelling Pistol
- Ice Hockey
- Rope Climb
- Standing High Jump | brainstorming |
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What is an adjustable rate mortgage? | A mortgage whose interest rate and monthly payments vary throughout the life of the loan | open_qa |
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Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Tabla, Tres | Tres is string, Tabla is percussion. | classification |
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What is the purpose of using Terraform modules ? | In order to easily maintain, manage and scale their infrastructure, DevOps teams design their infrastructure using modular and reusable components called Terraform modules. Terraform modules allow you to easily share and reuse the same components across multiple use cases and environments. It also helps enforce a standardised approach of defining resources and adopting best practices across your organisation. Not only does consistency ensure best practices are followed, it also helps to enforce compliant deployment, avoid accidental misconfigurations which could lead to costly errors. | open_qa |
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Name the top 10 Sci Fi books of all time? | Dune by Frank Herbert, 1965; The Left Hand of Darkness by Ursula K. Le Guin, 1969; Foundation Series by Isaac Asimov, 1942; The Hyperion Cantos by Dan Simmons, 1989; The Three Body Problem by Liu Cixin, 2008; The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells, 1898; Snow Crash by Neal Stephenson, 1992; Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, 1953; 2001: A Space Odyssey by Arthur C. Clarke, 1968; Stranger in a Strange Land by Robert A. Heinlein, 1961 | open_qa |
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What are some common characteristics of Maine Coon cats? | Maine Coon cats are a large breed that tends to have long-haired cats and exceptionally fluffy tails. They have distinct facial characteristics, including larger head, more pronounced chins, and tufted ear tips. They are also perceived to be loyal and more intelligent than average cats. | open_qa |
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What is Ruby? | Ruby is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language which supports multiple programming paradigms. It was designed with an emphasis on programming productivity and simplicity. In Ruby, everything is an object, including primitive data types. It was developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in Japan. | open_qa |
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Based on the given passage tell me who masked cultists are? | Aloy (Ashly Burch) is cast out from the Nora tribe at birth and raised by a fellow outcast named Rost (JB Blanc). As a child (Ava Potter), Aloy obtains a Focus, an augmented reality device that gives her special perceptive abilities. Aloy becomes curious about her origins and is told by Rost that if she wins the Proving, a competition to earn the right to become a member of the Nora, the tribe's Matriarchs might concede this information. Aloy spends some years training in combat and survival under Rost's instruction. After coming of age, Aloy participates in the Proving; she wins the competition, but masked cultists attack the Nora. Rost sacrifices himself to save Aloy from their leader, Helis (Crispin Freeman). When Aloy awakens, the Matriarchs explain that Aloy was found as an infant before a sealed door within the Nora's sacred mountain and that these suspicious origins were the reason for her being an outcast. The Matriarchs name Aloy a "Seeker," allowing her to leave their lands in pursuit of the cultists. Aloy eventually learns that the cultists are part of a splinter Carja faction called the Eclipse and that Aloy was targeted due to her resemblance to an Old World scientist named Elisabet Sobeck (also voiced by Burch). Aloy locates the ruined corporate campus of Faro Automated Solutions and discovers that the Old World was destroyed nearly a thousand years ago after Faro lost control of its automated peacekeeper military robots. The robots, which could self-replicate and consume biomass, overran the planet and engulfed the biosphere, stripping Earth of life. Zero Dawn, a project spearheaded by Sobeck, was initiated to create an automated terraforming system to deactivate the robots and restore life to Earth. | The masked cultists attacked the Nora when Aloy won the proving competition. Their leader was named Helis. The cultists were part of a splinter Carja faction called the Eclipse and wanted to kill Aloy due to her resemblance to an Old World scientist named Elisabet Sobeck. | closed_qa |
Provide a bulleted list of the controversies regarding Uber and a brief summary of each | Controversies
Ignoring and evading local regulations
Uber has been criticized for its strategy of generally commencing operations in a city without regard for local regulations. If faced with regulatory opposition, Uber called for public support for its service and mounted a political campaign, supported by lobbying, to change regulations. Uber argued that it is "a technology company" and not a taxi company, and therefore it was not subject to regulations affecting taxi companies. Uber's strategy was generally to "seek forgiveness rather than permission". In 2014, with regards to airport pickups without a permit in California, drivers were actually told to ignore local regulations and that the company would pay for any citations. Uber's response to California Assembly Bill 5 (2019), whereby it announced that it would not comply with the law, then engaged lobbyists and mounted an expensive public opinion campaign to overturn it via a ballot, was cited as an example of this policy. Taxi companies sued Uber in numerous American cities, alleging that Uber's policy of violating taxi regulations was a form of unfair competition or a violation of antitrust law. Although some courts did find that Uber intentionally violated the taxi rules, Uber prevailed in every case, including the only case to proceed to trial.
In March 2017, an investigation by The New York Times revealed that Uber developed a software tool called "Greyball" to avoid giving rides to known law enforcement officers in areas where its service was illegal such as in Portland, Oregon, Australia, South Korea, and China. The tool identified government officials using geofencing, mining credit card databases, identifying devices, and searches of social media. While at first, Uber stated that it only used the tool to identify riders that violated its terms of service, after investigations by Portland, Oregon, and the United States Department of Justice, Uber admitted to using the tool to skirt local regulations and promised not to use the tool for that purpose. The use of Greyball in London was cited by Transport for London as one of the reasons for its decision not to renew Uber's private hire operator licence in September 2017. A January 2018 report by Bloomberg News stated that Uber routinely used a "panic button" system, codenamed "Ripley", that locked, powered off and changed passwords on staff computers when those offices were subjected to government raids. Uber allegedly used this button at least 24 times, from spring 2015 until late 2016.
Counter-intelligence research on class action plaintiffs
In 2016 Uber hired the global security consulting firm Ergo to secretly investigate plaintiffs involved in a class action lawsuit. Ergo operatives posed as acquaintances of the plaintiff's counsel and tried to contact their associates to obtain information that could be used against them. The result of which was found out causing the judge to throw out evidence obtained as obtained in a fraudulent manner.
Sexual harassment allegations and management shakeup (2017)
On February 19, 2017, former Uber engineer Susan Fowler published on her website that she was propositioned for sex by a manager and subsequently threatened with termination of employment by another manager if she continued to report the incident. Kalanick was alleged to have been aware of the complaint. On February 27, 2017, Amit Singhal, Uber's Senior Vice President of Engineering, was forced to resign after he failed to disclose a sexual harassment claim against him that occurred while he served as Vice President of Google Search. After investigations led by former attorney general Eric Holder and Arianna Huffington, a member of Uber's board of directors, in June 2017, Uber fired over 20 employees. Kalanick took an indefinite leave of absence but, under pressure from investors, he resigned as CEO a week later. Also departing the company in June 2017 was Emil Michael, a senior vice president who suggested that Uber hire a team of opposition researchers and journalists, with a million-dollar budget, to "dig up dirt" on the personal lives and backgrounds of journalists who reported negatively on Uber, specifically targeting Sarah Lacy, editor of PandoDaily, who, in an article published in October 2014, accused Uber of sexism and misogyny in its advertising. In August 2018, Uber agreed to pay a total of $7 million to settle claims of gender discrimination, harassment, and hostile work environment, with 480 employees and former employees receiving $10,700 each and 56 of those employees and former employees receiving an additional $33,900 each. In December 2019, Kalanick resigned from the board of directors of the company and sold his shares.
Delayed disclosure of data breaches
On February 27, 2015, Uber admitted that it had suffered a data breach more than nine months prior. Names and license plate information from approximately 50,000 drivers were inadvertently disclosed. Uber discovered this leak in September 2014, but waited more than five months to notify the affected individuals.
An announcement in November 2017 revealed that in 2016, a separate data breach had disclosed the personal information of 600,000 drivers and 57 million customers. This data included names, email addresses, phone numbers, and drivers' license information. Hackers used employees' usernames and passwords that had been compromised in previous breaches (a "credential stuffing" method) to gain access to a private GitHub repository used by Uber's developers. The hackers located credentials for the company's Amazon Web Services datastore in the repository files, and were able to obtain access to the account records of users and drivers, as well as other data contained in over 100 Amazon S3 buckets. Uber paid a $100,000 ransom to the hackers on the promise they would delete the stolen data. Uber was subsequently criticized for concealing this data breach. Khosrowshahi publicly apologized. In September 2018, in the largest multi-state settlement of a data breach, Uber paid $148 million to the Federal Trade Commission, admitted that its claim that internal access to consumers' personal information was closely monitored on an ongoing basis was false, and stated that it had failed to live up to its promise to provide reasonable security for consumer data. Also in November 2018, Uber's British divisions were fined £385,000 (reduced to £308,000) by the Information Commissioner's Office.
In 2020, the US Department of Justice announced criminal charges against former Chief Security Officer Joe Sullivan for obstruction of justice. The criminal complaint said Sullivan arranged, with Kalanick's knowledge, to pay a ransom for the 2016 breach as a "bug bounty" to conceal its true nature, and for the hackers to falsify non-disclosure agreements to say they had not obtained any data. | The following is a summary of the controversies around Uber:
- Ignoring and Evading Local Regulations: Historically, Uber has launched in new cities without obtaining regulatory approval or following laws
- Counter-intelligence Research on Class Action Plaintiffs: Uber secretly investigated plaintiffs to obtain information that could be used against them
- Sexual Harassment Allegations and Management Shakeup: A former employee published a public letter exposing her experiences being sexually harassed while at Uber. This eventually lead to the ousting of the former CEO and an overhaul of the management team
- Delayed Disclosure of Data Breaches: Uber experienced data breaches in the past, the company would not disclose the breach to authorities until multiple months later | summarization |
Why do some babies need to stay in the NICU? | Babies may need to be admitted to the NICU for a number of reasons after being born. The primary reason is premature birth, which can cause a number of complications such as respiratory distress syndrome, hypoglycemia, apnea, low birth weight and bradycardia. A baby will typically stay in the NICU until their complications are resolved and they are healthy enough to be discharged. | general_qa |
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Which ingredients does a margarita pizza consist of? | A pizza margarita is made with pizza dough, tomato sauce, mozzarella, and basil. Some recipes drizzle the pizza with oil or add spices such as salt and pepper after baking. The pizza dough typically consists of yeast, flour, salt, olive oil, and water. Margarita pizza is vegetarian, but substituting the mozzarella cheese with nuts could make it a vegan dish. | open_qa |
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How do you cook ribs? | 1. Spread French's mustard all over the ribs
2. Season ribs top and bottom liberally with the rub. Seriously don't be shy.
3. Place ribs on a smoker at 225 for 2-3 hours (oak).
4. In a bowl mix one cup of honey, brown sugar, a table spoon of apple cider vinegar, Mix together and Drizzle in the middle of the foil, place ribs top side down in the foil. Wrap tight.
5. Return to the smoke for another 1.5-2 hours or until tender but not 'falling off the bone'
6. In a sauce pan add a bottle of your favorite BBQ sauce, one cup of apple jelly, one finely shredded apple, and one tsp of rib rub.
7. Pull them out of the foil, season again with rub.
8. Top with BBQ sauce with apple and apple jelly.
9. Put the ribs back on the pit for 30 minutes for the sauce to set-up.
Ingredients:
· Three racks of pork ribs
· Rib rub
· French’s mustard
· Honey
· Brown sugar
· Apple cider vinegar
· KC Masterpiece BBQ sauce
· Apple jelly
· One finely shredded apple | open_qa |
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Who is the greatest soccer player of all time? | While the answer to this question is quite subjective, common answers include Lionel Messi, Pele, Cristiano Ronaldo, and Maradona. Messi's World Cup title in 2022 put the finishing touches on an already remarkable resume for club and country, while Pele has long been considered the greatest international player of all time. In general it is challenging to compare players in any sport across history, and while it is an entertaining debate my recommendation is to simply enjoy the incredible accomplishments and abilities of athletes. | general_qa |
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Given this paragraph about triathlon, who founded ironman | On Wednesday, September 25, 1974, the race started. It began with a run of a 4.8 km (3 mi) loop, followed by biking twice around Fiesta Island for a total of 8.0 km (5 mi). Entrants would then get off the bikes, take their shoes off and run into the water to swim to the mainland. That was followed by running in bare feet, then swimming again along the bay, then one last swim up to the entrance of Fiesta Island, and a final crawl up a steep dirt bank to finish. Most participants were not skilled swimmers, so Johnstone recruited his 13-year-old son to float on his surfboard and act as lifeguard. Some participants took longer than expected, and it began to get dark as they finished their swims. Shanahan recalls they pulled up a few cars and turned on the headlights so the athletes could see. Johnstone and Shanahan were surprised by the large number of entrants (46), mainly coming from local running clubs. Two notable entrants, Judy and John Collins, would four years later found the event which brought international attention to the new sport: the Hawaii Ironman | Ironman was founded by Judy and John Collins four years after the first known modern day triathlon on Wednesday, September 25th, 1974. | closed_qa |
When did the Netherlands host the Summer Olympics? | The Netherlands hosted the Summer Olympics in 1928. | open_qa |
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How do I fix the engine of my car? | This would depend on how complex the repair job is. But essentially you will need
1. A basic set of tools including spanners, screwdrivers and pliers.
2. An automotive manual for the model of your car. For example a Haynes manual.
3. Once you have diagnosed the problem, watch some videos on YouTube on how to fix the problem.
4. Based on the knowledge that you have gathered, attempt to fix your car
If you are enable to fix it, go to an experienced mechanic. | brainstorming |
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What were the origins of basketball? | James Naismith, a gym instructor in New England, invented basketball in 1891 as an alternative to football. The original basketball game involved throwing a ball into a peach basket. Since then, the game has progressed to become one of the most popular sports in the world. | open_qa |
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where is Shelburne? | Shelburne lies at the southwest corner of Nova Scotia, at roughly the same latitude as Portland, Maine in the United States. The Mi'kmaq call the large and well-sheltered harbour Logumkeegan or Sogumkeagum. | classification |
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Give me a few recipes you could make with bread, butter, eggs, and cheese where I have a stovetop, toaster, and a frying pan. | Here are a few recipes you could make with the ingredients and tools you mentioned.
1. Grilled cheese and sunny-side up eggs:
Warm up your frying pan on the stove top. Heat a small amount of butter on the frying pan until melted and then place two slices of bread side-by-side into the pan. Place cheese on one slice of bread and heat until bread is crispy and cheese has started to melt. Then cover the slice of bread with melted cheese with the other slice of bread and remove from the frying pan.
Gently crack an egg and place it into the frying pan. Cook until the egg whites are hardened. You may then cook until the yolks are of your desired consistency.
2. Toast and cheese omelette:
Place bread into toaster and cook to desired level. Spread desired amount of butter on bread.
Warm up your frying pan on the stove top. Heat a small amount of butter on the frying pan until melted. In the meantime, gently crack eggs into a bowl and whisk eggs. Place whisked eggs into heated frying pan until eggs have started to harden. Place cheese onto eggs and fold.
3. Scrambled eggs with toast:
Place bread into toaster and cook to desired level. Spread desired amount of butter on bread.
Warm up your frying pan on the stove top. Heat a small amount of butter on the frying pan until melted. In the meantime, gently crack eggs into a bowl and whisk eggs. Place whisked eggs into heated frying pan and consistently mix. Place cheese into pan and continue mixing until eggs set. | brainstorming |
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Which Baseball team won the 2016 World Series? | The Chicago Cubs won the World Series of Baseball in 2016. | open_qa |
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Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Yak, Mute swan | Mute swan is wild, Yak is domesticated | classification |
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What is the difference between MMA and boxing? | Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) is a collective form of martial arts, which can include boxing. On the other hand, boxing is one single form of martial art. | open_qa |
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Pleaese give me a short list of the main characteristics of cricketer Sachin Tendulkar's playing style. | Tendulkar is cross-dominant: he bats, bowls and throws with his right hand, but writes with his left hand. He also practices left-handed throws at the nets on a regular basis. Cricinfo columnist Sambit Bal has described him as the "most wholesome batsman of his time". His batting is based on complete balance and poise while limiting unnecessary movements and flourishes. He appears to show little preference for the slow and low wickets which are typical in India, and has scored many centuries on the hard, bouncy pitches in South Africa and Australia. He is known for his unique punch style of hitting the ball over square. He is also renowned for his picture-perfect straight drive, often completed with no follow-through. The straight drive is often said to be his favourite shot. In 2008, Sunil Gavaskar, in an article he wrote in the AFP, remarked that "it is hard to imagine any player in the history of the game who combines classical technique with raw aggression like the little champion does". Equipment-wise, his bats tend to be heavier than the average batman. | Cross-dominant
Batting with balance, unnecessary movements are limited
Unique punch style of hitting the ball over square
Textbook straight drive, often with no follow-through
His bat is heavier than the average batsman's bat | summarization |
Using examples taken from the text give me a list of the first generation of "skyscrapers" located in the city of Chicago. | Early Chicago Skyscrapers is a nomination comprising nine buildings in Chicago's Loop district for inclusion on UNESCO's World Heritage Site list.Submitted by the US Department of the Interior in 2017, it is currently on the tentative list considered for nomination as a UNESCO designated World Heritage Site. Only properties that have been previously listed on a tentative list can be nominated for the World Heritage List.
These buildings were constructed in the last 20 years of the 19th century and represent the first generation of "skyscrapers", high-rise structures reaching up to 20 stories. Construction of these buildings employed novel approaches and technologies, such as the use of steel frames, first elevators, electric lights, and terracotta fireproofing. The architects developed a new aesthetics for the exterior of this new type of buildings. The skyscrapers listed are the Auditorium Building, Second Leiter Building, Marquette Building, Rookery Building, Monadnock Building, Old Colony Building, Fisher Building, Schlesinger & Mayer Building, and Ludington Building. | Early Chicago Skyscrapers is a term which describes the nine buildings in the Loop district of Chicago, Illinois in the United States. These nine buildings were submitted by the US Department of the Interior in 2017 to be considered as a UNESCO designated World Heritage Site. These buildings are the Auditorium Building, Second Leiter Building, Marquette Building, Rookery Building, Monadnock Building, Old Colony Building, Fisher Building, Schlesinger & Mayer Building, and Ludington Building. | summarization |
How can I make the paint color purple from primary colors? | By combining Red and Blue primary colors, you can make purple. | open_qa |
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Classify these as faster or slower than driving a car: running, flying a plane, riding a bike, walking, driving a boat. | Running, walking, and riding a bike will typically be slower than driving a car. Flying a plane will typically be faster than driving a car. Driving a boat may be slower or faster than driving a car, depending on where you’re going and whether a body of water might provide a more direct route. | classification |
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Name some popular computer games from early this millenia. | World of Warcraft, Grand Theft Auto, Final Fantasy X and Guitar Hero were all popular games in the first decade of the 2000s. | brainstorming |
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Tell me if these teams are in or out of the NBA Playoffs for this year, Orlando Magic, Detroit Pistons, Boston Celtics, Dallas Mavericks, and Phoenix Suns | The teams from your list that are in the Playoffs are Boston Celtics & Phoenix Suns. The remainder, is not in this years playoffs, those are the Orlando Magic, Detroit Pistons, & Dallas Mavericks. | classification |
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When was the first episode of the TV show, The X-Files? | The first episode of The X-Files, titled "Pilot," September 10, 1993 | open_qa |
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How many vowels are in the word dinosaur? | The letters a, e, I, o and u are vowels. As such there are 4 vowels in dinosaur | general_qa |
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What are some common data warehouse challenges? | Common data warehouses can have slow query performance especially when all the data operations happen on the same clusters. Also, many data warehouses have closed architectures which limits choices and drives up egress fees to use the data. Additionally, data warehouses aren’t built to handle real-time analytics which usually require the ability to handle small writes. Lastly, data warehouses often duplicate the storage of data which balloons costs and hinders the ability to have a single source of truth. | general_qa |
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What is the best modern motorcycle for a beginning rider? | If you have no or little experience with motorcycles, choosing a good first motorcycle can be challenging. While it is tempting to buy your dream supersport or touring cruiser, your first bike should be one that you can feel confident on so you can quickly master the skills necessary to ride a faster or larger bike more safely. Assess a new bike not from a place of desire, but from practical perspective, and consider these qualities:
- Seat height: For most new riders, confidence comes more quickly when you can place both feet on the ground with a little bend in the knees. If you have a 32" inseam, consider bikes with a 31" or less seat height. If you have a 28" inseam, consider bikes with a 27" or lower seat height. Note that some bikes have wider "waists" that require you to spread your legs farther apart, so visit a dealer and sit on a variety of bikes until you find ones that you can sit comfortable atop with both feet planted.
- Center of gravity: Bikes weigh from 250 lbs (dirt bikes) to over 800 lbs (large "dresser" cruiser bikes). Most bikes weigh between 400 and 600 lbs. However, weight isn't what makes a bike tip over easily -- rather, it's where the center of gravity is located. Sport bikes and adventure bikes carry their weight higher and more forward in the frame, where as standard and cruiser bikes carry it lower and closer to the rider. If you, as a new rider, grab a fistful of front brake during a low speed maneuver, what is going to cause the bike to start tipping over faster? Having a heavy weight high and forward. When assessing a first bike, look at where the engine and transmission mass seems to be centered relative to rider position. Sit on the bike with both feet planted and tilt it a little to the left and the right. Do you feel more or less strain on your shoulders as you bring it back it back to center? If you feel more, that sensation will become a danger when your learning low speed maneuvers and require more physical compensation, and will inhibit your ability to develop a good low speed riding technique.
- Ergonomics: Most people feel cool in a racer's lean on a supersport, or slung back in a feet-forward posture when riding a cruiser. However, starting in those positions as a new rider can lead to discomfort, or inhibit your ability to develop solid basic riding techniques. Ideally, you want to be upright, elbows loose and bent and even with the bars. Your back should be straight with about a 5 degree forward lean. Your feet should be below your hips with a comfortable bend to the knees. In this position, you have the flexibility to better compensate for a lack of experience and technique when you encounter challenging situations on the road.
- Engine displacement: Much ado is made about choosing the right displacement for a start bike. This is a bit of a myth: very few bikes, regardless of displacement, are fundamentally hostile to a new rider when it comes to engine performance: they are as fast or as slow as you treat the throttle. That said, smaller displacement bikes tend to be lighter, have lower seats, and are generally more newbie-friendly. However, some larger displacement bikes, including 650-900cc standards and 1100cc-plus cruisers can also be safe to learn on, as they favor low-revving torque over high-revving horsepower, with relatively gentle throttle response but plenty of grunt to push you forward from idle without extensive clutch feathering and rev management. Conversely, some smaller bikes, like the Kawasaki Ninja 250, require extensive revving and frequent gear shifting to get to street and highway speeds. Ask yourself: Do I want a light bike that will force me to learn good gear and rev management (a good idea if you have track aspirations), or a heavier bike that starts moving right off idle and requires less gear changing at street speeds? That's your answer to the question of displacement.
- Throttle and brake response. Modern fuel injection, ECU development, and environmental emissions regulations have led to a situation where many sportier bikes have notchy throttles at low speeds, where closing the throttle cuts fuel and causes the bike to lurch a bit. This can be unpleasant for new riders who have yet to learn partial clutch management skills. Additionally, powerful sport bikes with inline-4 or V4 engine configuration can stutter and lurch at very low revs, requiring careful clutch and rev management that might be unfamiliar or uncomfortable to new riders -- these are bikes designed to be ridden fast, high in their powerbands. Additionally, powerful supersports and "hooligan" supermotos have very powerful brakes, like Brembo's Stylema or M4 units, which can easily pitch a new rider over the bars if they haven't developed a light, progressive touch on the brakes. If you, as a new rider, are having to spend your riding time compensating for unpredictable throttle behaviors or aggressive brakes, you aren't in a place to quickly learn good techniques safely.
So with all that in mind, what are some good starter bikes?
- Kawasaki Ninja 400 or Z400: If your ambition is to ride a powerful supersport (like Kawasaki's own ZX-10R), start with a Ninja 400 or Z400. The Ninja is similar in style to supersport bikes, but has raised "clip-on" handle bars that convey the appearance of a racer but raise the incline of your posture to a more comfortable space. They also have a slightly lower seat height, and an accommodating 399cc parallel-twin motor with good throttle response and solid but unthreatening brakes. The Z400 is a more upright version of the Ninja 400 that shares the same engine and brakes, but lacks the plastic fairing and clip-on grips. Similar bikes include Yamaha's 321cc R3 and MT-03, Honda's CBR500F and CBR500R, KTM's RC390 and Duke 390, and BMW's G310. All of them perform very similarly, and are considered great gateway bikes to sport riding. Many track enthusiasts favor these bikes due to their light weight, engaging engines, and overall low cost of maintenance and insurance. If you really feel the need for speed so early in your riding career, Yamaha's MT-07 and Triumph's Trident 660 are relatively safe choices.
- Triumph Street Twin 900. While well over 400 lbs, Triumph's Street Twin 900 is a very newbie friendly bike with a smooth, slow revving 900cc parallel-twin engine that puts down a lot of grunt and requires very little rev management -- you can short shift it any gear and still have the torque to move away cleanly without any fuss. Its comfortable seat and neutral "standard" riding position, along with its traction control and ABS features, mean that riding it is effortless and you won't be sore when you step off it after a long day cruising the backroads. It carries its weight low and close to the rider, and has a low-ish seat height of approximately 30". Brakes are progressive without being intimidating, and a new rider will quickly learn good technique astride it. It also looks the part of a modern retro motorcycle, with clean curb appeal. Similar bikes include Moto Guzzi's V7 series, Kawasaki's Z650RS, and Royal Enfield's 650cc Interceptor.
- Honda's Rebel 500. While it may not be the most eye-catching cruiser at the local Starbucks, Honda's Rebel 500 is a great gateway to the cruiser world. The 500cc engine is tuned for torque, not speed, and its low seat height of around 26" means it is approachable by riders of all heights. It can keep up with larger bikes and serves as an effective commuter, with low costs of insurance and maintenance, and can be easily customized. Similar bikes include Royal Enfield's 350 Meteor and 650 Super Meteor, and Honda's 600cc Shadow line. For those not intimidated by weight, Harley-Davidson's 1700cc Heritage Softail is a surprisingly accommodating bike for new riders, with a low seat height and an impressive center of gravity that makes the bike feel a couple hundred pounds lighter once bumped off its kickstand. Avoid the older Sportster line, often inappropriately pitched as "the Harley for new riders" due to their relatively low displacements compared to KD's more upmarket models -- these bikes have very high-and-forward centers of gravity and weak front brakes that can easily inhibit your skills development.
Lastly, if you're looking at adventure bikes, Royal Enfield's 400cc Himalayan, Kawasaki's Versys 300X, and BMW's G310GS provide light weights, friendly engines, and reasonable seat heights all while being moderately well-equipped for gravel or graded dirt roads.
The most important thing, however, is to take the time to sit on the bikes at a dealer and think hard about the qualities discussed in this article. If you fall in love with the hobby, the bike you get today will not be the bike you have tomorrow. Focus on learning, not fashion, and make a choice that feels comfortable and safe to you. | general_qa |
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What is the best way to reduce my carbon emissions? | A great way to reduce your carbon emissions is reducing the amount of car trips in favour of walking, biking, or taking public transit. Other ways could be buying items used instead of new to save on emissions from the manufacturing process. You could also consider reducing airplane trips by reducing business travel, or taking a train instead. | brainstorming |
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Which is a species of fish? Tiger barb or Sabretooth | Tiger barb | classification |
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Tell me whether these are food or drink: juice, hamburger, coke, pizza, hotdog, steak, lemonade, apple cider. | Food: hamburger, pizza, hotdog, steak.
Drink: juice, coke, pizza, lemonade, apple cider. | classification |
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What is a medallion architecture in data engineering? | A medallion architecture is a data engineering concept. The idea is that system source data or system of record data is landed in a bronze layer. In the bronze layer data is not changed, and it should match the source system exactly even if there are data quality issues. Next in the silver layer the raw daw from bronze is transformed and joined together with data quality applied and landed in silver. Next in the gold layer are produced datasets which are silver datasets joined together and enriched with other data like machine learning model output. These gold datasets are then what are used and served up by the business in dashboards and reporting. | open_qa |
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is Aadhaar a proof of residence or of citizenship? | Aadhaar is a 12-digit unique identity number that can be obtained voluntarily by the citizens of India and resident foreign nationals who have spent over 182 days in twelve months immediately preceding the date of application for enrolment, based on their biometric and demographic data. The data is collected by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), a statutory authority established in January 2009 by the Government of India, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, following the provisions of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016.
Aadhaar is the world's largest biometric ID system. World Bank Chief Economist Paul Romer described Aadhaar as "the most sophisticated ID programme in the world". Considered a proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any rights to domicile in India. In June 2017, the Home Ministry clarified that Aadhaar is not a valid identification document for Indians travelling to Nepal and Bhutan.
Prior to the enactment of the Act, the UIDAI had functioned, since 28 January 2009, as an attached office of the Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog). On 3 March 2016, a money bill was introduced in the Parliament to give legislative backing to Aadhaar. On 11 March 2016, the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016, was passed in the Lok Sabha. | Considered a proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any rights to domicile in India. | summarization |
From the passage provided find the names of the creators of Kafka. Separate them with a comma. | Kafka was originally developed at LinkedIn, and was subsequently open sourced in early 2011. Jay Kreps, Neha Narkhede and Jun Rao helped co-create Kafka. Graduation from the Apache Incubator occurred on 23 October 2012. Jay Kreps chose to name the software after the author Franz Kafka because it is "a system optimized for writing", and he liked Kafka's work. | Jay Kreps, Neha Narkhede, Jun Rao | information_extraction |
Why is football/soccer such a popular sport? | I believe that football/soccer is a popular sport for various reasons. On one hand, everyone has kicked a ball in his or her childhood and can relate to the basic movement. On the other hand, it has very easy-to-follow rules which makes it possible to understand the game when you watch it the first time. Football stars are best known throughout a wide general range of people across the world. | general_qa |
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Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Talempong, Guitar | Guitar is string, Talempong is percussion. | classification |
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Extract the person who founded Microsoft | Logging was Seattle's first major industry, but by the late 19th century, the city had become a commercial and shipbuilding center as a gateway to Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush. Growth after World War II was partially due to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturing. The Seattle area developed into a technology center from the 1980s onwards with companies like Microsoft becoming established in the region; Microsoft founder Bill Gates is a Seattleite by birth. Internet retailer Amazon was founded in Seattle in 1994, and major airline Alaska Airlines is based in SeaTac, Washington, serving Seattle's international airport, Seattle–Tacoma International Airport. The stream of new software, biotechnology, and Internet companies led to an economic revival, which increased the city's population by almost 50,000 between 1990 and 2000. | Bill Gates | information_extraction |
Tell me what I should do in London, England. | If you're visiting London, it may feel daunting attempting to take advantage of everything this cosmopolitan city has to offer. But that's part of its magic — there's something for everyone! A few ideas:
Enjoy the food. I highly recommend wandering through the vendor stands at Borough Market in Southwark — it's only open for lunch and you should bring cash because most vendors don't take cards! If you're looking for a high-end restaurant, try Chiltern Firehouse in Marylebone. Another popular option is Dishoom: it's an upscale Indian restaurant with multiple locations and worth the hype. And for lighter fare, indulge in the English custom of afternoon tea! You could try Sketch in Mayfair or The Savoy in Covent Garden for completely different experiences — Sketch is definitely a millennial’s take on tea and it’s very trendy, whereas The Savoy is more traditional.
Grab a drink. You might think of dark pubs when you think of London, but it is also home to some of the best cocktail bars in the world. For a unique experience, find a "public bathroom bar" or a speakeasy like Keystone Crescent Members Club. Shoreditch has plenty of options for the imbibers, like Ace Hotel Rooftop and Old St Records. Then there's Duke's Bar in Mayfair, which is a famous spot for a martini since Ian Fleming used to hang out there when he was writing James Bond novels.
Visit a museum. The Tate Modern offers free entry and an excellent view of the city. It's on the south side of the Thames, and you can wander from there to the Shakespeare Globe. The National Portrait Gallery will keep you entertained, even though it really is home to all portraits, but you can learn a lot about British history by reading through the biographies of public figures featured. I also recommend seeing which artist's work the Hayward Gallery at the Southbank Centre is exhibiting, since it's an excellent space. The Tower of London is a classic for visitors: the castle is a World Heritage Site and where you need to go if you want to admire the Crown Jewels.
See a show. If you live or often see Broadway shows in New York, this might be less exciting to you, but London shows are relatively easy to secure tickets for, and a great activity if you're interested in experiencing even more British culture.
Shop. Don't miss the famous Harrod's, the iconic department store with a iconic food floor. Liberty is another well-known London department store. Less expensive, and known for their stationary. And if department stores aren't your thing, pop into local boutiques! | brainstorming |
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What is Grimsthorpe? | Grimsthorpe is a hamlet in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the A151 road, and 3 miles (5 km) north-west from Bourne. Grimsthorpe falls within the civil parish of Edenham, which is governed by Edenham Grimsthorpe Elsthorpe & Scottlethorpe Parish Council.
Grimsthorpe Castle is 500 yards (460 m) to the west.
John Marius Wilson's 1870 Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Grimsthorpe as: a hamlet in Edenham parish, Lincoln; on the river Glen, 1½ mile W of Edenham village. Pop., 135. Grimsthorpe Park was the seat once of the Duke of Ancaster, afterwards of Lord Gwyder; is now the seat of Lord Willoughby d'Eresby; was built partly in the time of Henry III., but principally by the Duke of Suffolk, to entertain Henry VIII.; is a large, irregular, but magnificent structure; and stands in an ornate park, about 16 miles in circuit. A Cistertian abbey, founded about 1451, by the Earl of Albemarle, and called Vallis Dei, or, vulgarly, Vaudy, formerly stood in the park, about a mile from the castle. | Grimsthorpe is a hamlet in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the A151 road, and 3 miles (5 km) north-west from Bourne. Grimsthorpe falls within the civil parish of Edenham, which is governed by Edenham Grimsthorpe Elsthorpe & Scottlethorpe Parish Council.
Grimsthorpe Castle is 500 yards (460 m) to the west.
John Marius Wilson's 1870 Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Grimsthorpe as:
a hamlet in Edenham parish, Lincoln; on the river Glen, 1½ mile W of Edenham village. Pop., 135. Grimsthorpe Park was the seat once of the Duke of Ancaster, afterwards of Lord Gwyder; is now the seat of Lord Willoughby d'Eresby; was built partly in the time of Henry III., but principally by the Duke of Suffolk, to entertain Henry VIII.; is a large, irregular, but magnificent structure; and stands in an ornate park, about 16 miles in circuit. A Cistertian abbey, founded about 1451, by the Earl of Albemarle, and called Vallis Dei, or, vulgarly, Vaudy, formerly stood in the park, about a mile from the castle. | summarization |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Zabumba, Dan ghita | Dan ghita is string, Zabumba is percussion. | classification |
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How many subscribers are inside the United States? | The English-language print publication has a circulation of 30,000 qualified subscribers, of which 7,000 are outside the United States. | 30,000 - 7,000 = 23,000 | information_extraction |
What are some examples of low-flow fixtures? | A low-flow fixture is a water saving plumbing fixture designed to achieve water savings by having a lower flow rate of water or a smaller quantity per flush. Some of these low-flow fixtures are faucets, showerheads, and toilets. In the United States a maximum water usage of conventional plumbing fixtures was federally mandated by the Energy policy act of 1992. Low-flow fixtures are designed to save water over conventional fixtures by having a lower flow rate while still maintaining satisfactory performance. The Environmental protection agency (EPA) WaterSense program has requirements for plumbing fixtures to achieve their definition for water saving low-flow. | faucets, showerheads, and toilets | closed_qa |
What dog breed is a mix between a Cocker Spaniel and a Poodle? | Cockapoo | open_qa |
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Who is Sean Connery? | Sir Sean Connery (born Thomas Connery; 25 August 1930 – 31 October 2020) was a Scottish actor. He was the first actor to portray fictional British secret agent James Bond on film, starring in seven Bond films between 1962 and 1983. Originating the role in Dr. No, Connery played Bond in six of Eon Productions' entries and made his final Bond appearance in the non-Eon-produced Never Say Never Again; if non-Eon-produced Bond movies are included, Connery shares the record for the most portrayals as James Bond with Roger Moore (with 7 apiece). Following his third appearance as Bond in Goldfinger (1964), in June 1965 Time magazine observed "James Bond has developed into the biggest mass-cult hero of the decade" | Scottish Actor | closed_qa |
Classify each of the following as either a home audio device, a piece of furniture, or neither.
Record player, subwoofer, coffee table, computer monitor, foam roller, speaker. | The record player, subwoofer, and speaker are all home audio devices. A coffee table is a piece of furniture. The computer monitor and foam roller are neither a home audio device nor pieces of furniture. | classification |
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Tell me about toys that can help children learn to write. | Toys that help children learn to write typically involve increasing their hand strength and gross motor skills: toys such as play-doh and blocks increase hand strength. Also, practicing writing letters in sand prepares them for the motion of writing. | brainstorming |
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Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Troodon, African Elephant | Troodon is extinct, African Elephant is alive. | classification |
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When was slavery abolished in the United States? | After the United States was founded in 1776, abolition of slavery occurred in the Northern United States. The country was split into slave and free states. Still, slavery was not finally ended throughout the nation until near the end of the American Civil War and the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865. | Slavery was abolished via the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865 near the end of the American Civil War | closed_qa |
Which is a species of fish? Grass carp or Grass | Grass carp | classification |
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Given the following paragraph about politicians, who was the last surviving person to have been a member of the Irish House of Commons? | Sir Thomas Staples, 9th Baronet (31 July 1775 – 14 May 1865) was an Anglo-Irish politician and lawyer. He was the last surviving person to have been a member of the Irish House of Commons, albeit only having been in the House for a short time. | Sir Thomas Staples, 9th Baronet | closed_qa |
Prove that 2 + 2 = 5. | 2 + 2 does not equal 5, it equals 4. | general_qa |
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Extract the names of the Formula One teams Vettel was a part of from the text. Separate them with a comma. | Vettel started his Formula One career as a test driver for BMW Sauber in 2006, making a one-off racing appearance in 2007. As part of the Red Bull Junior Team, Vettel appeared for Toro Rosso later that year and was kept as a full-time driver for 2008, where he scored a victory in the Italian Grand Prix to become the then-youngest race winner. Vettel was promoted to Red Bull in 2009. With Red Bull, Vettel won four consecutive titles from 2010 to 2013, the first of which made him the sport's youngest World Champion. In 2013, he set the record for the most consecutive race wins with nine. Vettel signed for Ferrari for 2015 replacing Fernando Alonso and became Mercedes' and Lewis Hamilton's closest challenger in two title fights in 2017 and 2018, although he finished both years as runner-up. He parted ways with Ferrari at the end of the 2020 season to race with Aston Martin for the 2021 and 2022 seasons, before retiring from Formula One at the end of the 2022 season. | BMW Sauber, Toro Rosso, Red Bull, Ferrari, Aston Martin | information_extraction |
Given this paragraph about Yahalom and his works, tell me when he was born? | Yahalom is the author of numerous books and articles on Hebrew poetry, from Byzantine Palestine (5th century CE) to the early modern period. Much of his work explores the connections between Hebrew poetry and the literature of the other groups living in the same time and place, for example, the link between piyyut and Syriac and Greek Christian hymns; between Hebrew poetry from Spain and the emerging romances in European languages; and between early modern mystical Hebrew poetry in the Ottoman Empire and Turkish songs. He also has written extensively about the bilingual (Hebrew and Arabic) culture of Judah Al-Harizi. | Based off of this paragraph, it is clear that Yahalom wrote books and articles "from Byzantine Palestine (5th century CE) to the early modern period". Therefore, it is likely that Yahalom was born in the early modern period or sometime after the early modern period.
The exact date of Yahalom's birth cannot be determined given the provided information. | closed_qa |
Why is Kanye sometimes regarded the GOAT (Greatest of All Time)? | Kanye Omari West ("Ye") is debated as being the GOAT by many in the hip hop scene due to his prolific and arguably genius utilization of samples in his production. Starting off as merely a producer for Roc a Fella records, he quickly rose to international acclaim with his debut record "The College Dropout". His freshman album topped the Billboard charts for a long stretch of time and featured absolutely iconic and inspired tracks such as "Jesus Walks", "Family Business", and of course "Through The Wire", the infamous track where Kanye provided vocals following a car crash that forced his jaw to be wired shut as a result.
Following his initial success, Kanye released banger after banger with "Late Registration" and his stadium album "Graduation". He followed on to release what many consider to be his magnum opus with "My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy" which received critical acclaim despite mixed reviews from popular internet music nerd Anthony Fantano.
Not to be stopped, Kanye was on the track to certified Godhood, dropping "808s and Heartbreak", a track that laid the foundation for artists like Juice WRLD, Frank Ocean, and The Weekend to discover their own sounds. Modern R&B really does have Kanye to thank.
His discography continues with the controversial "Yeezus", "The Life of Pablo", "Ye", and "Kids See Ghosts". The latter of which even internet music melon Anthony Fantano awarded an unprecedented 10. Despite a decline in the quality of his recent releases with "Jesus is King" and "Donda", the insane influence Kanye has had upon the music industry and the hip hop / production scene at large can not be understated. His resume alone speaks for itself and is a jarring indictment of him being in contention for the title of GOAT.
Despite heated debate and a multitude of haters, ultimately, many fans simply suffice to speak the undeniable truth "He made Graduation". | general_qa |
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To which species does Allium desertorum belong | Allium desertorum is a species of onion found in Israel, Jordan, Palestine, and Egypt (including Sinai). It is a small bulb-forming perennial; flowers are white with purple midveins along the tepals. | open_qa |
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What is Assembler? | An assembler program creates object code by translating combinations of mnemonics and syntax for operations and addressing modes into their numerical equivalents. This representation typically includes an operation code ("opcode") as well as other control bits and data. The assembler also calculates constant expressions and resolves symbolic names for memory locations and other entities. The use of symbolic references is a key feature of assemblers, saving tedious calculations and manual address updates after program modifications. Most assemblers also include macro facilities for performing textual substitution – e.g., to generate common short sequences of instructions as inline, instead of called subroutines.
Some assemblers may also be able to perform some simple types of instruction set-specific optimizations. One concrete example of this may be the ubiquitous x86 assemblers from various vendors. Called jump-sizing, most of them are able to perform jump-instruction replacements (long jumps replaced by short or relative jumps) in any number of passes, on request. Others may even do simple rearrangement or insertion of instructions, such as some assemblers for RISC architectures that can help optimize a sensible instruction scheduling to exploit the CPU pipeline as efficiently as possible. | open_qa |
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Who is Charles Brigstocke? | Charles Reginald Brigstocke CB (22 July 1876 – 7 April 1951) was a British civil servant. | Brigstocke was born in Carmarthen, Wales, and educated at Llandovery School. He entered the Civil Service in 1894. In 1901 he was called to the bar by the Middle Temple. Between 1903 and 1918 he worked at the Admiralty. In 1918 he transferred to the Air Ministry and was appointed Assistant Secretary in 1919, serving with the air delegation at the Versailles Conference. For these services he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1920 New Year Honours. | summarization |
How can I boost my energy levels throughout the day? | Here are ways you can boost your energy levels:
- Get at least 8 hours of restful sleep
- Eat healthy, minimally processes foods
- Stay hydrated
- Exercise regularly
- Drink coffee or an energy drink | brainstorming |